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^
■^ ij^^rt- HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS COMMISSION.
THE
MANUSCRIPTS
OF
J. M. HEATHCOTE, Esq.,
CONINGTON CASTLE.
^re^enteti to 6ot|r Rouses of ^Parliament b^i Commanli of Jtjer fHajestg.
NORWICH:
PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'^ STATIONERY OFFICE,
BY THE •• NORFOLK CHRONICLE " COMPANY, LTD.
And to be pnrchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from
EYBE AND SP0TTI8W00DB, East Habdino Street, FiiBET Street, E.C, and
32, Abingdon Street, Wbstminstrr, S.W. ; or
JOHN MENZIBS A Co., IS, Hanoyeb Street, Edinbxtboh; and
90, West Nile Street, Glasgow; or
HODQEB, FiaaiB, & CO.. limited, 104, Obafton Stbbet, Dubun.
18D9.
[C— 9469.] Price U. Sd.
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INTRODUCTION.
Thb collection reported on in this volume consists almost
entirely of the correspondence of Sir Richard Fanshaw, Bart.,
ambassador from Charles II. to the Courts of Portugal and
Spain. The papers mostly belong to the years of his embassies,
t.c, 1661-1666, and throw mucb light upon the relations of
England with the Peninsula and especially upon the history
of the little English army there, sent out under the Earl of
Inchiquin, and afterwards commanded by Count Schonberg.*
They are rendered additionally valuable by the fact that they
form a companion series to the Spanish, Portuguese and Tangier
correspondence at the Public Record Office and to Vol. 7,010 of
the Harley MSS. at the British Museum. Fanshaw usually kept
the drafts of his letters, and there is also an excellent letter-book
for the period of the Portugal embassy, so that the collection is
much richer in "out" letters than is often the case. This is
particularly fortunate, as the letters actually sent are in very
many eases missing from the Foreign Office papers.
The later part of the collection, relating to the embassy to
Spain, is by no means so complete, there being very little
purely diplomatic correspondence found in it, but although
separated from the other papers, this correspondence is not lost.
The letters from January, 1664, to February, 1665, are printed
nV in the volume of " Original Letters of his ExceUetwy Sir Richard
^ Fanshaw" published in 1702, whilst those of a later date are
'^ to be found in the Harley volume at the British Museum,
mentioned above, having been apparently selected with the idea
of forming a second series.
The Calendar opens with the instructions given by Charles
^ I. to Fanshaw as his ambassador to Spain [jp. 1], signed by
the King on October 9th, 1647, just after he had been allowed
J to gather his Council round him for the last time. There is
v^ a pathetic ring about this — ^perhaps one of the last diplomatic
^ acts of the King. No funds were forthcoming for the enter-
* This is his own spelling of his name.
?4. Wt. 1773 a 2
O.
i'30r\|-Kr7T Digitized by CjOOglC
u
tainment of the ambassador from his Majesty of England, and
the means proposed for his maintenance were only the proceeds
of some fish sent over to Bilbao from Ireland in Lord Strafford's
time. A month later the ^ng fled to Caiifibrooke, and although
Fanshaw went abroad and his wife mentions in her " Memoirs '*
his credentials to Spain, he did not go further than France.
Two years later Fanshaw again received "instructions" to
repair to Spain [p. 3] — ^this time at the bidding of the young
King, now at St. Germain's — ^to meet Hyde and Cottington,
" ambassadors extraordinary " there. He went accordingly, but
in July the ambassadors extraordinary wrote that he had press-
ing occasions to return to England, and they saw no use in
keeping him any longer ; that nothing could be got from Spain
but good words and professions, nor was anything else like to
be got, the Spaniards finding " their own necessities every day
increasing upon them, and putting them to all the shifts
imaginable to furnish themselves with ready money" [p, 4],
The King was now' in Scotland, and Hyde and Cottington were
anxiously waiting for news of his reception there. A little later
his sister Mary, Princess of Orange, writes to him about her
portion money, and the Duke of York asks for his directions
[pp. 4, 6], and is, as his godmother, the Queen of Bohemia, .
assures the King "most truly obedient and affectionate" to
his brother [/?. 6]. The Queen also sends her nephew scraps
of news from foreign parts. The Gferman Princes and deputies
assembled at Frankfurt have "congratulated his crowning,"
the Duke of Wurtemberg has burned the book in which Dr.
Seifrid of Tttbingen declared the late King's murder lawful,
and has gone near to burning the Professor also, and her son
"Ned" has been calling the "pretended ambassadors" from
England to the Hague by their true names. All these letters
are holograph.
One more trace of Charles in Scotland is here — ^a recommenda-
tion of one Edward Whitney to the Governor of Virginia,
signed by the King [p. 6], and then there is a break of eight
years in the papers.
Belonging to the year 1659, there is a little group of interest-
ing autograph letters from Sir Edward Hyde [pp, 7-15].
For some years before, Fanshaw had been a prisoner upon
parole in England, and unable to communicate with his friends
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iii
abroad, but the Protector's death having set him free, he went
to Paris with the young Lord Herbert. This was William,
son of the Earl of Pembroke, not to be confused with Henry,
son of the Marquis of Worcester, who was at this time u
prisoner in the Tower.
Hyde, who was without doubt (in spite of Lady Fanshaw's
strong belief to the contrary) a steadfast friend to Fanshaw,
was desirous to find some fitting employment for him, in the
parcelling out of places caused by the rising hopes of the
Boyalist party.
He had already been named as Latin Secretary, but Hyde
considered this post, if "not dignified by the person" who
held it, as of but little importance. There was no signet
belonging to it, it was entirely under the direction of the
Secretary of State, and the fee was only lOOZ. a year, for which
reasons it had always fallen to inconsiderable men [j?, 9].
Probably neither Hyde nor Fanshaw gave a thought to the
present holder of the oflice in England, or could have realized
(if they did) that by its connexion with his name it would be
'* dignified" for all time.
The post which Hyde chose for his friend — ^to be held with
the other — ^was that of Master of Requests, whose position he
declares to be only second to that of Secretary of State, he
having the King's ear for three months in the year, and being
able easily to make six or seven hundred per annum, even
if he never offered any suit for himself.
These two offices were accordingly conferred upon Fanshaw,
and held by him until his death, although both duties and
emoluments were often interfered with by his absences from
England.
The long letter concerning offices is much of it in cipher,
which seems, from divers allusions by himself and his friends,
to have been always rather a trouble to Fanshaw. There are
many pages of decipher amongst his papers, evidently sent
to him from England in answer to a confession to Arlington
(in a letter in the Spanish Correspondence at the Public Record
Office) that he thought he must have taken out the wrong key,
as he could not make out above five words in the despatches,
and those five did not cohere.
It seems doubtful whether he ever read the letter here printed
at a)l, for an attempt (in his own handwriting) to unravel the
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IV
first sentence, in which the words, " for the wrong he has done
you," take the remarkable form of "from they wara onga ha
here divide gaine," cannot have helped him much to grasp
the contents, although it has proved a very useful clue in
discovering the key of the cipher.
In November, Hyde wrote, sympathizing with his friend in a
sorrow which we know from Lady Fanshaw's Memoirs to have
been the death of their son [p. 15].
Her ladyship states that her husband went to the King in
December, but her dates are not very trustworthy, and from
Hyde's letter of January 14, 1660, it would appear that Fan-
shaw was then still in Paris.
Hyde asks very affectionately about Fanshaw's studies and
pursuits, longs to see his translation of Querer por solo querer*
and urges him, if he must needs confine himself to translations,
which he thinks is a pity, to make a collection of Spanish letters
of the best writers [p. 11]. These letters frojn Brussels con-
tain of course many allusions to afEairs in England. In
the August of this year, 1659, the Eoyalists were depressed
and disappointed that the army had not dissolved the Parlia- .
ment, and Hyde confesses that he does not understand
matters there, nor does he know either what Montague
and the fleet mean to do, or what is the temper of
Monck and his army. Then comes his outburst of dismay
at the treachery of Sir Richard AVillis, in whose loyalty he
had believed, so long as belief was possible. "Would you
ever have thought it possible," he writes, " that Sir Richard
Willis could prove false?" The Knot, too, he thinks, have not
done their part, and the risers with Sir George Booth in
Lancashire and Cheshire, "left to contend alone," have failed.
His chief comfort is that the conquerors scarce know what to
do with their victory, and that the army will probably once
more break up the form of government. Meanwhile, the King's
servants were in a truly miserable condition, ** above two years
in arrear of their board wages, which God knows, if paid, would
but give them bread."
At the beginning of November, the little Court at Brussels
was hungry for news ; having heard nothing since Parliament
was dissolved. Hyde believes that " the confusion there is very
* A play by the Spanish dramatist, Hurtado de Hendosa.
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liigh, and yet that there is some governing power that is well
obeyed," for no letters are allowed to be sent over, " which kind
of restraint hath never been practiced since the beginning of
these troubles." The treaty of the Pyrenees, too, was giving
cause for anxiety, the ministers at Brussels "censuring the
method very much." When the letters did come,''Hyde was
more perplexed than ever. The turns in England, he says,
quite turn his head, and he knows not what to think of them.
" Nothing more extravagant than that the Eump should sit and
govern three kingdoms, yet nothing to come can appear more
impossible than that which they have passed through." If his
next letters do not tell of some fresh broils, he will be melan-
cholic [p. 16]. This is the end of the group of letters, which
form a very pleasant addition to Hyde's correspondence at this
time.
Other letters of his are scattered throughout the volume.
There are courtly little notes to the Queen Eegent of Portugal
and to Queen Catherine [pp. 16, 27], upon whose arrival in
England he writes, apologising for not being at the port to
welcome her on the ground of "lack of health and excess of
business," and also the strict veto of the Eing— " the most
indulgent master in the world." These letters were apparently
done into Spanish by Fanshaw, as what are here are drafts in
his hand. In August, 1662, he writes in evident dismay to the
Queen Regent of Portugal on hearing that the young King
is taking the reins into his own hands, and urges her not Ic
entirely free herself of her burden, as by so doing she will
deprive her son "of the most faithful, the most experienced,
and the most devoted counsellor that his Majesty can ever have
or hope for" [p. 31]. In April, 1663, when barely recovered,
as he says, from the fiercest fit of gout he ever had in his life,
he assures Fanshaw that in spite of ill-health he has been as
solicitous for the cause of Portugal as he possibly could be;
but "could endeavour nothing effectually but by secret and
underhand treating with France," for which he has had a good
opportunity, and which he hopes will have good effects [p. 75].
His protest concerning the succours demanded by Portugal is
quoted elsewhere. As regards home news, he hopes the Parlia-
ment mean to give the King supplies, which will prevent
inconveniences in the three kingdoms, " in which there remain
yet many restless spirits." A month later, he writes indignantly
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Yl
of the refusal of the Vice-King of Goa to deliver Bombay
into Marlborough's hands. " The act is 60 foul that less than
the head of the man cannot satisfy for the indigniiy, and for
the damage his Majesty will expect and exact notable repara-
tion." If this is not given, there will be an end to the alliance
with Portifgal [y. 89]. This is the last of Clarendon's letters
in this collection. Those written to Spain must be looked for
in the published letters and at the British Museum.
Next in order is a series of royal letters [pp, 16-31], includ-
ing the " love-letters " of Charles II. and the Infanta Catherine,
which are somewhat less formal and perfunctory than Boyal
letters were wont to be. Those of the King have here and there a
touch of individuality about them, as when he recalls the joy
with which, after long years of exile, he returned to his kingdom
and was welcomed by his people [p. 17]. His belief, too, in
the personal power of Kings was no doubt very sincere \j?. 30].
But those of the young princess, assuring her unknown husband
that her one desire in life is for the winds to waft her quickly
to him, and of her mother, declaring that her new son is as dear
to her as her own child, are more complimentary than convinc-
ing. It is evident that Charles wrote his letters in English,
while the two Queens and the young King of Portugal wrote
theirs in Portuguese. They passed through Fanshaw's hands
and he translated them. His master's letters, with his own
Spanish translations of them, were no doubt duly presented by
him at the Court of Lisbon, but of those given him in return
he often did not trouble to send the originals to England at
all, as they are here, amongst his papers. We fear that Prof.
Eanke's pretiy picture of King Charles talking to his bride
in her native tongue must go, but he knew some Spanish
(though apparently not very much), and perhaps made that
serve his turn. Fanshaw sends Spanish papers to England,
saying to Bennet that he believes the King will be " fully appre-
hensive of them " if Bennet reads them to him distinctly, ** with
never so little of explanation thereupon " Ip. 50]. The Portu-
guese papers he always translates, either into Spanish or English.
When Fanshaw reached Portugal in the summer of 16G1,
that kingdom was in the midst of its struggle with Spain.
The independence won in 1640 had never been acknowledged,
and the old suzerainty was claimed and in danger of being
regained. King John had died in 1656, and his wife, Luisa
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de Qiizman, ruled on behalf of her son Alfonso. D'Ablancourt
says of her, " C'etait une princesse d'une grande esprit, et qui
eut porte la gloire de sa regence bien loin, si elle avoit eu
de conseillers qui eussent seconde son habilite, et surtout un
fils aine qui fut digne d'elle." Clarendon, Fanshaw, and Inchi-
quin all bear their testimony in her favour [pp, 31, 48, 61].
By arranging a marriage with Charles II. for her daughter, she
enlisted the sympathy of England, and while she ofEered Bom-
bay and Tangier as part of Catherine's dowry, the English
King, on his part, promised to send a body of English troops
to assist Portugal against Spain. But neither the marriage
nor the presence of the heretic troops seems to have pleased the
Portuguese, and at the time of her downfall the Queen was
accused of having '* exhausted the wealth and aliened the flowers
of the Crown" in order to advance this one child \j), 69].
It had been intended that Fanshaw should either accompany
the Infanta to England or remain behind her [jj. 17], but her
journey was postponed, and he returned before her.
In January, 1662, his secretary and cousin, Lionel Fanshaw,
tells him what had happened since his departure. The Spaniards
were now preparing for their next campaign, and were already
drawing towards the frontiers, whilst the nobles of Portugal,
on their side, were making ready to take the field [p. 25].
In April, 1662, the young Queen started for England, under
the escort of the Earl oJ Sandwich and his fleet, and, at first, made
such good progress that a ** light vessel," sent after her by her
anxious mother, failed to overtake the English ships, and had
to return without news [p, 26]. After this, however, she was
delayed by storms and did not reach England until May 14th.
One cannot but think that her reception at Portsmouth must
have seemed to her discourteous and cold. The King was not
there to meet her; indeed, excepting her ladies and the Duke
of York {see Pepyi Diary and Lister's Life of Clarendon),
it is difficult to say who was there, for Clarendon and Fan-
shaw, who might be expected to be amongst the first to go,
both sent excuses [p. 27]. However, after proroguing his
Parliament, Charles repaired to " the happiest meeting which
has ever taken place," and whatever his feelings about his
bride may have been, he was at any rate polite enough to
praise her to her mother and brother, while, if her mother's
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viii
assurances are to be believed, she was more than satisfied
with her reception by the King.
After this there are only casual notices of the Queen. We
read of her poor health, her visits to various waters, and the
hopes of the people that she will give them an heir to the
throne; and Sir Philip Warwick gives a description of her
costume as she went to take the air "in a scarlet coat, richly
laced, and trimmed with sky-coloured ribbon" [jp. 149 J.
Hardly had the Queen landed in England, before a change
took place in Portugal, which seriously affected the relations of
the two countries. In a letter dated July Ist, 1662, n.s., Alfonso
announces that in consideration of the state of the kingdom,
and to relieve his mother of the burden resting upon her,
he has taken upon himself the government [p. 29]. The news
was received with dismay in England. True, Charles sends
flattering words to his royal brother, assuring him that the
troubles in Portugal may now be said to be almost ended,
" tanto puede la assisiencia personal de los reyes,^ but he goes
on to give him a broad hint that he will do well to rely upon
the experience of his mother, "the nursing mother of the
renewed liberties of Portugal" [p. 30], while Clarendon, as
we have seen, writes to the Queen in the same strain. How
far she herself wished to retire it is difficult to say. 8he says
so, of course, and her courtly correspondents are far too polite
to suggest any other reason, but she probably made a virtue
of necessity, and Eanshaw, writing to his brother-in-law. Sir
Philip Warwick, tells him that she was removed " with many
particular disgusts heaped upon herself and all those her Majesty
employed in greatest trusts" [p. 69]. No wonder the friends
of Portugal were alarmed. The Queen had courage and
experience. Alfonso, a youth of nineteen years of age, had
nothing but his vices. He dismissed his mother's counsellors
and placed the government in the hands of a young favourite
of his own, the Conde de Castelmelhor, making him Secretario
de la Puridady an office, Fanshaw says, found "nowhere but
in Portugal, even here rarely taken up, and once (by Don
Sebastian) abolished, as too much to be put into any one hand "
[j). 36]. And yet from that moment fortune turned.
Castelmelhor found the country on the verge of ruin. So
soon as he took the reins, victory declared itself on the side
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of Portugal, the soldiers were better paid, the people less hardly
taxed. He was very popular, for the reasons, Fanshaw writes,
that he was of noble birth, which was more than could be said
of many of Alfonso's associates, and that he was poor and
remained poor, a fact which in itself spoke volumes [y. 96].
The other minister who is prominent in these pages is
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo, Secretary of State, who had
formerly been in England on behalf of his government. Lady
Fanshaw tells us that Charles I. had made his son a baron,
and this fact receives some confirmation from the announcement
that " Antonio de Sousa hath lately married the young Baron,
his son — by proxy — to a very beautiful young lady of high
birth." Unfortunately, the beautiful young lady did not appar-
ently appreciate the honour, or her friends either, for we read
that she was in a monastery and would not come out, and
that a band of young nobles stopped De Sousa on his way
to fetch her, and would not let him proceed further, for which
6ome of them were put in prison [p. 25].
The Earl of Inchiquin had by this time arrived with the
English troops, as also some ships, and the design was to send
the troops to succour Alentejo, while the ships made a diversion
ill Galicia [y. 29]. The party who had wished for English
help being now banished or degraded, the English soldiers
were but coldly received, and very soon it was repoiied that they
could get no money, were every day in an uproar, and that the
officers were already demanding passes and hurrying back to
England [p. 32].
In September, 1662, Sir Richard Fanshaw returned to Lisbon
as permanent ambassador from the Court of England. His wife
and little ones were with him, and at first they were housed
in the Quinta de Alleyro, There was talk of a grand supper
to be given there, but partly from want of room, and also
because he found that the feminine members of his family would
be severed from him and " driven into a comer " Sir Richard
declined the honour [p. 34]. They afterwards went to a house
of their own, with a fine view over the beautiful bay [j?. 41].
Negotiations were still afloat between Spain and Portugal.
The Eing of Spain — or of Castile, as the Portuguese were
careful to call him — would not acknowledge the right of Alfonso
to sign as King of Portugal, but was inclined to agree that each
might sign merely yo, d rey [y. 36]. When Fanshaw con-
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graiulated Castelmelhor upon this concession, the favourite
replied that Castile had never scrupled to acknowledge his
master as King of Brazil, which answer led the ambassador
to fear that Portugal was not so firm but that Spain might
yet "either beat him or treat him out of his dominions"
\_p, 38]. Fanshaw was also much perturbed by the intrigues
of France \j)p. 41, 63], but Clarendon characteristically made
very light of them, and was not at all troubled by the appre-
hension that France would get the better of England [p. 89].
Meanwhile the English troops were becoming more and more
dissatisfied \j}p. 42, 44], and in November declared that they
could no longer serve the Crown of Portugal, " by reason of
the. unsuppor table wants and injuries which they groan under"
[p. 45]. These papers are full of their complaints, but they
struggled on month after month. Sometimes the Portuguese
ministers were induced to send them a little money, and some-
times to hand over further portions of the Queen's dowry, which
King Charles agreed should be so used, probably thinking
that there was little chance of his ever getting it at all in
any other way. Funshaw told him plainly that he did not
believe Portugal had the money to send, and that the Secretary,
making him a visit, as he suspected for that very purpose, had
incidentally observed that ** after payments of Queen's portions
are not usually exacted with rigour," and that he believed the
Queen Mother's of England was never all paid, or not till very
late [p. 53].
In April, 16G3, Count Schonberg, who had, by the influence
of Turenne, brought some French troops to Portugal, was
appointed commander of the English ''strangers'^ also, and
was received with acclamation by the soldiers [p. 74].
The treaty with Spain was in its death pangs, the Spanish
armies were advancing, and England could do little to help.
'*I do freely confess to you," Clarendon writes in answer to
Fanshaw's grievance, **that the prospect you presented to us
was very dismal, and the expedients you proposed very
impracticable. . . . Alas, my lord, we have no money to
send fleets or troops upon adventures, nor can anybody imagine
that the burden of a war of Portugal can be sustained upon the
weak shoulders of the Crown of England." The King has, he
continues, with difliculty enough, fitted out a fleet, but if the re-
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mainder of the Queen's portion is not paid he will not be able to
continue the expense. The treatment of the English troops offers
no encouragement to send more, and to imagine that he can send
troops from England and then pay them in Portugal " is indeed
ridiculous." For the present, out of compassion for his poor
soldiers, he is willing to allow them a further payment from the
dowry, and then if the ministers of Portugal cannot make
effectual provision for them, they must come home [^. 75].
In May, 1663, the campaign with Spain had begun, and
there are some very interesting and lively letters from Schon-
berg. He was far from contented with the management of
affairs, and had the utmost contempt for the two Generals,
the Conde de Villa Flor and Marialva. However, they did not
ask His advice, and would not take it when he offered it, so he
relieved his conscience by writing his views on the matter to
Caatelmelhor, and then prepared to do his best [p. 84].
On May 12-22 the city of Evora yielded to the Spaniards
under Don Juan of Austria, after a very slight resistance,
and the arrival of the news at Lisbon was the signal for
a rising there — a rising for the King, not against him; but
such, Fanshaw writes, "aa if, beginning strangely in Hhe
morning, the storm had not as strangely ceased towards night,
might have done Don Juan's business as well as if they had
risen for him.'* The people marched to the Palace, shouting
Vwa d rey y rrmeran los traidores; the King appeared at a
window and tried to quiet them, but a woman in the crowd,
spying Marialva near his Majesty, "cried out that traitor
would throw the King out at window," whereon a rumour
ran through the city that "so horrid an act was already
perpetrated." After saluting the King, the populace fell "to
the second part of their acclamation, namely m/ueran los trai-
dores,^* sacking the palaces of the Archbishop, Marialva and
others, and killing many people; but towards evening "the
friars, coming out of several convents in solemn procession,
and bringing with them church buckets of excommunication,"
managed to quench the flame of sedition and quiet was restored.
The people's desire was to hurry away the King into the field',
but the effect of the tumult was "point blank contrary,"
for Alfonso, who, up to this time, had resolved on going,
now seemed as resolved to stay at home, on the ground that
Jf h^ were j^bsent ^orse tumxjts mi^ht occur [j}p, 92-96].
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xu
On May 20-30, Schonberg writes that the army was on the
march to relieve Evora when the news of its yielding arrived,
those who defended it not giving anyone time to help them.
The cowardice with which the commanders have acted, is, he
declares, beyond anything he has ever seen in any war, and they
ought all to be hanged. He does not approve of the orders
sent from Lisbon for an immediate battle, and says he "never
saw a Council so bent upon ruining themselves without delay/*
and as to his Generals, he cannot get them to make up their
mind to anything [jpp. 97-98]. But he disposed his own troops
as advantageously as he could, and on June 4th (new style)
had a skirmish with the Spaniards, of which he himself " makes
little more than a facing of the enemy/' whereas at Lisbon
"it is cried up for a great battle and no small victory"
[pp. 99, 105].
On June 8th the great battle of Ameixial or Canal was
fought, and we have some interesting accounts of the victory,
one written under Schonberg's supervision [p. 107], and another
by Col. James Apsley [p. 101], younger son of Sir Alan and
brother of Lucy Hutchinson, who, having been under a cloud
in ^England, was now redeeming his character by his valour,
much to the satisfaction of his family [pp, 112, 124]. Schon-
berg was warm in his praise of the conduct both of the French
and English troops, but the victory over, he was again confronted
by the same difficulties. The commanders, he writes, "after
having done so well, think of nothing but of rpsting themselves,
instead of making use of their victory. They understand
nothing about war. The soldiers are brave enough, but the
chiefs carefully avoid all risks, and as to him who ought to have
led us, no one saw him during the battle at all" [p. 106].
This great personage spent two days in "labouring to com-
pose his chronicle," but Schonberg evidently did not trust him,
and thought it safer to send his own version [p. 109]. The
official account gave the number of English slain as fifty, but
Apsley says about fifty were killed in each regiment of foot,
with about forty or fifty wounded; and that the loss of the
horse was far greater. Six English commissioned officers were
among the slain. [For the behaviour of the English in this
battle and the jealousy of the Portuguese, see Schafer's " Ges-
chichte von Portugal/* pp. 656-658.] Schonberg eent Don Juan's
carriage and his standard, taken by one of the French officers,
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io Lisbon, to be presented to the King. For himself, he says,
he has taken no booty, but has to lament the loss of his old
cloak, lent to his trumpeter, who was shot as they were scaling
the heights [p. 109].
The Portuguese army now invested Evora, and Schonberg
was eager for an immediate attack, but again he had to tell
the old tale. "There is not a commander who does anything
unless he is obliged. Messieurs de Villa Flor and Marialva
set them the example, for their only care is to write letters
and to ask what is going on in the siege. Neither one nor the
other has been nearer to the town than the quarter where they
are lodged, and they do not even know on which side we have
opened the trenches** [p. 114]. However, after the storming
of Fort St Antonio — by an equal number of English and
Portuguese, as Secretary Sousa says [p. 115] ; by two hundred
Englishmen alone, according to Col. Apsley [p. 116]* — ^Evora
capitulated on June 25, and the Spaniards were permitted to
depart with much better terms than Schonberg thought necessary
[p. 115]. He was especially troubled that they were allowed
to take their horses, Portugal having much need thereof, but
the Portuguese chiefs assured him that they should manage
to evade that part of the agreement, "and this answer," as
Fanshaw remarks, " troubles the Count ten times more " [p. 119].
The hot weather having now begun, the campaign was con-
sidered at an end, and people might well imagine, writes
d'Ablancourt to Turenne, that Portugal was saved ; but there
were still great rocks ahead, not the least being the indifference
of the Portuguese themselves. "There is here no question,"
he says, " of an enemy foreign in religion, manners or language,
or who has done such injury to this nation as to make recon-
ciliation impossible." The correspondence with the Portuguese
towns found in Don Juan's cabinet showed how ready the people
would be to go over to Spain if Spain proved the stronger,
and what in other places would be called betraying their
country or siding with the stronger party, would here pass as
a return to their duty [p. 124].
One tangible result was gained by Portugal from the battle
of Ameixial, i,e,, the possession of many Spanish notables as
prisoners, the two most important being the Marquis de Liche,
son of Don Luis de Haro, and Don Anelo de Guzman, son of
the P^ke o| Medina de las Torres, Charles IJ. did his b^at
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afterwards to procure their liberation, but Castelmellior courte-
ously reminded him that these prisoners were the fruit which
Portugal enjoyed from the battle in which she risked so much,
and that their detention afforded the best ground to hope for
peace, from the desire of Spain for their liberation [p. 141].
The English forces in Portugal continued to add to their
reputation, and especially distinguished themselves at Yalen^a,
where they alone responded to an order to attack the town, and
stormed a breach whilst the rest of the army looked idly on,
losing eleven commissioned officers in half an hour, and nearly
half their men [77. 160].
On June 17th, 1665, they had their share in gaining the
great victory of Villa Vi^iosa or Monte Glares, when the
Spaniards were totally routed by Marialva, which made them
"look very blue," aa Consul Westcombe observes [p. 197].
The last mention of the English troops is in January, 1666,
when Maynard writes from Lisbon that they were now so few
that no considerable service could be expected of them, but that
there was a good understanding between them and the Court,
and they had but four months' pay due to them [p. 223].
More than two years before this, in August, 1663, Fanshaw
had returned to England, taking with him an earnest request
from the King of Portugal that he might be allowed to go to
Spain, and there once more try to arrange a peace with Portugal
[p. 131].
On January 31st, 1664, he and his family again left England
and journeyed to Madrid, which, however, they did not reach
until June 8th, new style. The details of their journey are
well known from Lady Fanshaw's Memoirs., The new am-
bassador had his first audience on June 18, the arrangements
for it involving much discussion of various points of etiquette
[p. 155]. As already stated, the diplomatic correspondence of
this mission must be mostly looked for in the printed volume
and the Harley MSS.,* but the letters still remaining here
show how many other matters Fanshaw had to take in hand.
We find him trying to T>rocure justice for the English consuls,
liberty for the English prisoners, access to the Spanish ports
for the English ships, and free intercourse with Tangier, his
* Some cipher letters to Bennet of the summer of 1664 are in this collection, bnt
they are all given in the printed yolnme, end the origin als of them are at the B«cord
Office.
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complaints to the Spanish Court being, he says, almost as
constant as the occasion for them (j9. 213]. In August, 1665,
he interested himself in favour of Don Francisco de Alar^on,
a Spanish nobleman, prisoner in Portugal, not only writing him-
self to Castelmelhor and the secretary, but allowing his wife,
at the instance of the prisoner's mother, to write to De Sousa's
wife [p. 199]. The secretary replies that the King is anxious
to gratify his Excellency so far as is possible, but cannot inter-
fere with the laws, and, '^ in matters which may be said to belong
to the public," is accustomed to let things run their course
without using his royal power [p. 203]. His wife reminds Lady
Fanshaw that ^^ we women are apt to give more weight to feel-
ings of pity than to reasons of state," but promises that her
husband will not fail to act if an opportunity should occur
[p. 204].
In September, 1665, the King of Spain died, and his young
son, Charles 11., was proclaimed [pp. 205, 207].
During this year, Fanshaw engaged in the iU-f ated negotiation
with Spain, which brought about his recall [p. 222]. He
agreed with the Spanish Court upon a treaty, with the pro-
viso that it was to be ratified at a certain date, unless pro-
tested against by England. Lady Fanshaw believed Claren-
don's (supposed) hatred of her husband, and his anxiety to find
a place for his "cast Cond6," as she calls Sandwich [p. 230 J,
to have been the cause of his disgrace, asserting that the English
ministers had had the papers in their hands five monliis ; that
far from making any demur, th^ had said that it infinitely con-
cerned them to make an end of the matter, and that ^' room was
left in the league" to add anything his Majesty thought fit
[/?. 226]. Moreover, a paper written and formally signed by Lionel
Fanshaw and apparently (from its watermark) drawn up after
their return to England, gives a statement of the various dates,
and declares that ample time was allowed for an answer from
England [p. 255], but as, according to the showing of this
document, the express was not despatched until November 1st
and the treaty was signed on December 17th, it can hardly
be thought that a very sufficient margin was left for the possible
delays and accidents of the double journey, to say nothing of
the time needed for deliberation in England.
Lady Fanshaw's idea that her husband's disgrace was the
result of an intrigue in England, is, however, strongly supported
24
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by other evidence. Lister points out that (as appears from
Pepjrs' Diary) Lord Sandwich's embassy to Spain was already
resolved upon on December 6th, ten days before the treaty was
signed in Madrid, and that Lord Clarendon speaka of this treaty
as if it had been signed before the death of Philip IV. (which
occurred on September 17th), saying thai Fanshaw^s recall wa«
then decided on, but that the resolution was not acted upon,
by reason of the plague driving the King from London and
dispersing the Council ; " that is, the recall of Fanshaw, in conse-
quence of his having signed a treaty in December, was resolved
on before July." {Life of Clarendon, Vol, II,, j). 359.) It
may perhaps be possible to disentangle this skein a little. Lister
declares that Clarendon's anachronisms deprive his statement
of all credit, but this is putting the matter rather too strongly.
It is true that he wrote his Life (as Mr. Firth reminds us
in his article in the Dictionary of National Biography) when
separated from his friends and his papers, and relied on his
memory, which often confused events, yet he woidd hardly invent
all that he says here, nor is it likely that an ambassador who
was giving perfect satisfaction would be turned out simply to
find Lord Sandwich an employment where he would be out of
the way. Madrid was not the only place in the world for
honourable banishment. In the first place, Clarendon rdates
with considerable precision what took place in the Council some
few weeks before the death of the King of Spain ; and it will
be seen that this exactly tallies with Lady Fanshaw's statement
that the papers had been in the hands of the English ministers
for five months. The inference therefore is that the treaty had
been negotiated in Spain and sent to England as Clarendon
describes (although he is mistaken in thinking that it was
signed*), and that in some way it created dissatisfaction —
unjust dissatisfaction — at Court. Clarendon himself evidently
thought that Fanshaw was hardly used, and so far from having
any hand in it, says that " besides the gentleman's absence, who
would with greater abilities have defended himself than any
of those who reproached him, it was no advantage to him to be
known to be in the Chancellor's confidence, and therefore the
more pain was taken to persuade the King that he was a weak
man (which the King himself knew him not to be), and they
* No doubt it contained the proTieo for its speedy lisnature, on tlie groimd of
the King's critical state, quoted bj CSarendoQ.
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put such a gloss upon many of the articles and rejected others
as unprofitable, which were thought to contain matters of great
moment, that they would not consent that a trade to the West
Indies could be any advantage to England, and the like."
FanshaVs recall was resolved upon, but, owing to the plague,
nothing was done, until, as Clarendon plainly says, " the business
of the Earl of Sandwich made it thought on as a good expedient."
Probably the death of the King of Spain was looked upon as
putting an end to the treaty, and apparently no remonstrance
was sent to Fanshaw; thus, as his wife argues, he might well
believe that he had a free hand in the matter, when, after the
confusion attendant on the accession of the young King was
over, the matter was taken up again in Spain.
In January, 1666, Fanshaw started on his mission to Lisbon,
there to meet Sir Robert Southwell and, with him, to try once
more to arrange terms of peace between Portugal and Spain,
and the volume fitly draws to a close with the correspondence
between the husband and wife during their brief separation
\_pp. 224-240]. These last letters of Fanshaw^s are very
characteristic. He writes loving words to his wife, bids his
girls make ready to act his play before Sir Robert Southwell,
whilst his little boy Dick may "lug his puppy by the ears
quite unconcerned" [p. 237], and urges strongly upon his
friends at the Spanish Court — ^who openly resented another am-
bassador being sent to supersede him — ^his desire that they should
offer to Lord Sandwich a reception no less cordial than that
which they had given to himself [p. 236].
Lady Fanshaw's letters are exactly what we should expect —
loving, unaffected, and impetuous. Her mind was evidently
sorely exercised concerning the view taken in England of her
husband's proceedings in the matter of the treaty, and the com-
ing of the Earl of Sandwich distressed her greatly, her only
comfort being that the Spanish ministers had as good as said
that they would have nothing to do with him if he did come.
She urges her husband to hasten back as soon as may be, as
he will see [we give her words in her own rather eccentric
spelling] "by Ld. Ar: that in his cantin languadg he wold
fane have his cast jenerall reape the frute" which Fanshaw
has sown [p. 225]. She relates with much satisfaction all that
the Duke of Medina de las Torres has said to her, and her own
demure answer, that she was very sorry she was not capacitated
b2
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XVIU
to understand things of state and that she knew nothing of
Lord Sandwich's coming but, through the news letters. Having
thus declared her entire ignorance of the subject, she proceeds
to unravel for her husband's benefit the intrigues which she
believes to lie at the bottom of the business — ^intrigues of Molina,
Arlington, and her pet abomination, Clarendon.
" But lord," she says, " what a loud laugh it will make when
ther pittefuU desines are known." The truth will surely come
to light, and so her beloved must be cheerful and remember
that as he has always had Qod and honour before his eyes,
so he will never want a blessing. He is to take care of his
health and safety, to correct her in anything she does amiss,
and she will try to mend it (for indeed she is very diffident, as
he knows, of her carriage in this place), and not to fail to put
a proper value on himself, seeing that however foolish this
might be in a young man (though now the English fashion)
he has warrant for it not only in his natural parts, but in his
long experience. She longs to know how his business is pro-
gressing, but if it will not do — either public or private — ^he
must not be troubled, but leave it to God, as he has always
done hitherto. " Liquies prithy " she implores him, " send me
word when thou thingest thou shalt be backe agaene
in gras of God.'* In spite of her pious resignation,
ehe is much pleased that they at Madrid are *' raging
mad" with the Gonde and in great heat at the com-
ing of the Earl, the Duke declaring him to be a Crom-
wellist, "wich will not go down heare" [p. 227, 228]. Also
there is good news from England. " I have been shown severall
letters," she writes, "that upon the receat of thyn of the 20
of the last, nu stile, the King did express openley a very great
joy of the worke of thy hands, and pertikelerly spoke much
in thy prays with great estime, and soe did the Duke of Yorke
with the Secretary, Ld. Ar: and all the hole Corte, but ouer
dear frent Ld. Ch : sayd truly he did not expect this work to
be so fineshed and shoed himselfe very malincoley, at wich the
King lafed and soe doth maney a one, and wright that now
he will be much trubled how to provide for his cast Oundey,
but I heare that he will make him Governor of Tanger." Mixed
with her talk about state affairs are fragments of news and
gossip. " The Quine Mother of France is ded, and departed this
life with thes blessed words in her mouth to the King, her son,
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XIX
lave pease and make pease with all the world that you may
have etemall pease." The Hollander is in a very ill condition
and the Prince of Munster in a very good one. **The last
newes of the plage from Ingland was seventy in all, but f ourteene
in the sittey." Also a play has been acted before the King,
'^in wich maney nationens mett, and the Frenchman mayd
them all afrayd," until an Englishman came by and got much
the best of it. To come nearer home, " The Markis de Lichey
this day sent me a littell grahound pupey, so fine a cretuer
a never saw in my life, wich I take care of much for thee,
but Dick luces [lugs] her by the eares. . . . He groues
a lovely fine boy and all the carles [girls] are verey well
and soe am I, but wish thee with me a thousand times. . . .
Never was any bepell so thurstay as thes are for good nues
from thee, wich God of his marcy send" [pp. 230, 231, 234],
Finally, she sends her "dearest life" a little good advice
as to his behaviour on his return. He is to take great care
what he says to Father Patrick — ^telling him as much of the
business as will stay his stomach and no more, he must be
"respective" to the Duke, and above all he must keep up his
own dignity, as having spent time and money and toil on
behalf of Spain, and must show them that he deserves and
expects thanks, however things may go.
On Thursday, March the 8th, new style, the loving couple
were re-united in health and safety [p. 240]. Lord Sandwich
arrived at Madrid in April, and the Fanshaws began to make
their arrangements to return home.
No letter here records the blow which fell before that journey
was begun, but it may perhaps be permissible to borrow a
few lines from a despatch of Sandwich's to Arlington, in the
Spanish Correspondence. "The conclusion of this letter," he
writes, "must be tragical, it having pleased God to take my
Lord Ambassador Fanshaw out of this life on Saturday last,
the 16-26 inst. [June] about eleven of the clock at night.
I was in his embraces in the evening, when his hands were
cold and life hastening to expire, yet had he perfect sense. He
most Christianly submitted to God's will, expressed great love
and fidelity for his Prince, and resisted temptations from the
people of this religion, who did press upon him more than
was fitting in that hour of parting. He is universally lamented
here as a good and worthy person."
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Next in importance to the papers connected with Spain and
Portugal are the letters written from or relating to the British
garrison at Tangier, which form a very valuable supplement
to those at the Public Record Office. The first notices of it
occur just when Lord Peterborough, its first governor, was
returning home, Lord Rutherford, created Earl of Teviot, taking
the command in his place. He held it " in very good posture "
Ipp. 119, 148], confronting the Moorish chief, Gayland, who,
having seized part of the dominions of another chief, Benbow-
car, had made his headquarters at Arzilla, and prowled with
his wild followers roimd the little English garrison. All went
well until the sad tragedy of May the 3rd, 1664, when Lord
Teviot and his gallant party were surprised and slain. The
original of Col. Bridge's letter to Fanshaw, announcing the
disaster, is here [p. 152], but it has been already printed from
the Record Office copy. More interesting therefore is a long
letter [p. 154] from " stout " Col. Alsop, another of Cromwell's
old officers, who was now doing the King good service, with
due sorrow expressed for the sins of his youth [y. 164]. He
gives a vivid account of what happened when the sad fact was
known, taking good care to explain that the command of the
garrison by right devolved upon himself, and was only given
to Col. Bridge upon his own refusal and at his desire. Under
Bridge's care the little handhil of English daily faced the Moors,
and could boast that they had not lost an inch of ground nor
a single man since the Earl's death \_p. 158]. Sir John Lawson
hastened with his fleet to their help, and on July 24th writes
that Col. Fitzgerald had arrived as Deputy-Governor and that
all was well. In August there are cheery letters from Fitzgerald,
and Alsop writes that the garrison is paid up to the end of
Lord Teviot's time, that the redoubts are nearly finished, and
the Mole only waits for Cholmeley to arrive with materials.
Commissioners had been sent to interview Gayland, without,
however, accomplishing anything, and Alsop believes that the
next they see of him will be in hostility, but that if they stand
to their business bravely, his flag of truce will be sent in the
same day, and he will get little but knocks [p. 164].
In March, 1665, Lord Belasyse went out to Tangier, and
Fanshaw wrote that his arrival would, he hoped, cure the world
of an error which had prevailed for many months, that his
Majesty had sold the place. The new Governor soon reported
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XXI
that they were in a more proaperous condition than ever, and
that the ominous 3rd of May had passed without any appearance
of the enemy.
In June, Consul Westcombe at Cadiz mentions rumours of a
peace with Oayland, but doubts not that Lord Belasyse will
observe the Spanish maxim, "/n paes o en guerra^ gucurda
bien tu Pierra" [p. 197].
One thing troubled Lord Belasyse greatly, and tiiis was the
need for him to defend the Moors of Algiers against the claims
of the Spaniards and Dutch concerning prizes. It goes against
his conscience, he writes, " to contribute to serve Turks against
CSiristians" [pp. 201, 209], and yet he is obliged to do it, to
preserve peace with these people.
In October, 1665, he had to confess that Gayland was no ways
inclined to peace, ^' being courted by the Duke of Medina Celi
and the Dutch to the contrary," and that if it were not for
Benbowcar's diversion (that chief being now engaged in an
attempt to sret back his former possessions) they would probably
hear more of him. They were, however, strong enough to oppose
any attempts either by land or sea, and if only supplies were
sent from England, he had no doubt but that the place would
become every day more important [p, 210]. Unhappily the
next news was that these much wished for supplies had been
intercepted by the Dutch and that two provision ships and
the Merlin frigate had been captured [p. 210]. The captain
of the frigate, Charles Howard, writes to Westcombe that he
had to surrender, after a fight of five or six hours, in which,
Westcombe assures Fanshaw, he " behaved himself bravely with
his twelve guns " [p. 211]. This misfortune was like to put the
little garrison in straits for want of supplies, but they struggled
bravely on, aided by the fact that in spite of Medina Celi's
orders, Spanish boats constantly put across and sold them pro-
visions [p, 210], and much protected from attack by the
contests of the Moorish chiefs against each other, the King of
Tafilet having come down upon Gayland, firing and destroying
all "the stately gardens and vineyards about Fez," taking
divers castles and killing many men, and he in his turn being
pursued by the " Saint " Benbowcar, who seized upon Fez and
left his son in possession there while he went to look after
^e said King [>. 212].
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Closely connected with the affairs of Tangier are the letters
from Sir John Lawson, Admiral Thomas Allin, and other com-
manders, giving us many interesting details concerning the
English fleet. The captains had much difficulty in getting free
access to the Spanish ports, owing to the unfriendly feelings
of the Duque de Medina Celi, Ooyemor of Andalusia, towards
the English, and the difficulty increased when the great out-
break of the plague in England gave the Spanish authorities
a valid reason for refusing to admit English ships which had
come from home, and a plausible excuse for keeping them out,
even if they had not. On December 17, 1664, poor Admiral
Allin wrote to tell Fanshaw of the night of dismal rain and dark-
ness, in which his own and four other ships had gone ashore, with
the loss of the PJuxmx and Nonstick; a calamity which had
half broken his heart [p. 172]. On the heels of this news,
however, came the good tidings that he had had an encounter
with the Dutch, had taken two of their ships and sunk two
more, so that Fanshaw was able to write him a letter rather
of congratulation than of condolence, suggesting that the ship-
wrecked men can be "recruited with Dutch ships," while the
Mole at Tangier may be " supplied with Dutch workmen upon
liberal and Christian terms" \_p. 173].
Between the English and the Dutch in Spain there was
continual friction, and it seems to have made very little difference
whether the two nations were in amity or at enmity with each
other. There are perpetual complaints of the high and mighty
ways and the vainglorious boastings of the Hollanders, and great
accordingly was the joy when the news of the battle off Sole
Bay [June 3rd, 1665] arrived,* sent first by WilKamson, with a
message from Arlington that he hopes the enclosed will content
Fanshaw in point of news for one week [p. 194]. The rejoicing
was all the greater as there had been disturbing rumours — spread
by the Dutch — ^that England had been defeated; indeed Fan-
shaw had heard from Holland that even there attempts were made
to conceal the truth, and that thanks were actually offered up
in one of the churches, only an hour or two before the real
facts were known, which quickly turned their joy into mourn-
ing [p. 198]. In December, 1665, Westcombe sends a list
of the English ships taken by the Dutch during the past year,
• This 18 not, of course, the battle usually known by that name, fought in May,
1672, when the Barl of Sandwich was killed.
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with a rather amusing calculation to prove that the Dutch
had spent 540,000 pieces of eight in making captures worth
only 332,000 pieces, '* and therefore they need not brag much
of the profit" |>. 220].
On f. 34 is an interesting account of the taking of St. lago
upon Cuba by an English fleet, under command of Capt. Chris.
Mines or Myngs, sent for that purpose from Jamaica by Lord
Windsor. The copyist has misread his dates, but a few words in
the minutes of the Council of Jamaica preserved amongst the
Colonial State Papers, show that the expedition started in
September. The town was captured, the shipping seized, and
the great castle commanding the harbour, with *' houses sufiicient
for a thousand men," blown up with gunpowder.* The King of
Spain sent to Charles II., asking whether he countenanced Lord
TVindsor's action, but Consul Bumbold says confidently that
nothing will come of this, as the Spaniards are always easiest
to manage " when best beaten ** [p. 71].
In connection with the West Indies, attention may be drawn
to a number of curious depositions relating to the unfortunate
Prince Maurice, his shipwreck and imprisonment and the
supposed manner of his death ; concerning which there are only
one or two sUght rumours recorded in the Colonial State Papers.
One account even professes (though in a very confused fashion)
to give the words spoken by him to a chance fellow prisoner
!>;;. 117, 134-139].
Scattered throughout the volume are many interesting
allusions to events in England, only a few of which can be
noticed here.
In November, 1662, there is mention of the "treasonable
plot among th«j Anabaptists," an inconsiderate design, got up
by inconsiderable persons ; " imprudent, restless spirits, attempt-
ing to their own ruin " [p. 48.]
A month later, Lord Inchiquin relates the manner of Sir
Edward Nicholas' enforced resignation of his secretaryship,
''Jack" Ashbumham being sent to him to explain that
**the practices of ill-spirits" in the kingdom required more
activity than his years could undergo, and to offer him 10,000Z.
and the title of a baron. Nicholas appealed to Clarendon, but
he had been informed by the King of his intentions "in so
• Since fchis report went to press, Captain Myng'a letter has been printed in
the Bnglish T^.storical Review, July, 1899, from another copy, in the Bodleian
Librarr. "
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XXIV
brisk and short terms " that he dared not interfere, and Six
Edward accordingly resigned, accepting the money, but declin-
ing the honour [p. 54]. Sii* Henry Bennet took his place,
and, as Inchiquin tells Fanshaw, in words which recall
Macaulay's celebrated comparison between Pitt and Newcastle,
is like to be a very powerful man in this kingdom, where
my Lord Chancellor meddles only "with the matters relating
to his office and the affairs of State, but does not speak in the
behalf of any man for place or employment.*' Bennet would
assuredly never hesitate to '' speak " if it suited his views and
if the applicant made it worth his while. Fanshaw writes
to congratulate the new secretary, and while acknowledging
his obligations to Nicholas, says, no doubt honestly enough,
that it will be a great advantage to have to do with a " patron '*
who understands the Spanish tongue \_p, 50]. Lister, in his
Life of Clarendorty observes that Fanshaw's letter of February
7th, 1663 (January 28th, old style), to Sir Henry Bennet, com-
plaining that for the five months he has been in Portugal, he has
not had a word fiom any Minister of State, " reflects severely
upon the conduct of our foreign affairs under that secretary " ;
but he fails to note that Bennet was only appointed in November,
1662, and that Fanshaw is speaking of the previous regime.
In his answer to this letter, the new secretary says that he
perceives with much resentment how Fanshaw has wanted a
punctual correspondence, and that it falling to his lot to make
this good for the future (owing to the re-arrangement of the
work of the two secretaries), he will not fail to send a letter
upon every occasion \jp, 65].
Congratulations are also offered to Williamson, on his retention
of hifl office, but one feels that these ought rather to have been
addressed to his Chief, for his good fortune in securing one of
the most loyal, zealous, and capable Under-Secretaries whom the
world has ever known. Many news-letters were sent to Fanshaw
by this indefatigable collector, who, while gathering materials
from far and wide for his Gazette, was always willing to provide
entertainment for his friends, and who gives many items of
gossip not mentioned by either Pepys or Evelyn [/?/?. 144, 148,
150, 175].
In March, 1663, Morice writes of the King's futile attempt to
cjtain some toleration in religion. The House of Commons
would have none of it, being '* fond of the Act of Uniformity ;
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XXV
in other things apt to comply with the King, though not with
that prowess of affection which they carried down with them ''
[p, 74]. But although they were not apt to comply in this
matter, they said so very civilly, and carried their point with
much prudence and respect to the King, and ** as much mastery
of their passions as a philosopher'' [/>. 77].
On p. 127 is a notice by Lord Inchiquin of the charges brought
against Clarendon by Bristol, which he believes ** certainly had
hurt only the latter, and been laid aside had not the matter been
kept in suspense by two accidents. The one was too early and
too earnest expressing from his Majesty and the Duke, showing
their desire and intention to punish my Lord of Bristol, and
how severely was doubtful. And the other was the timorousness
of my Lord Chancellor, who gave advantage to his adversary
by the consenting to the giving of time," Lord Bristol having
named Lord Ormond and Lord Lauderdale as two of his witnesses,
of whom one was in Ireland and the other in Scotland.
There are many allusions to the great plague, especially in
regard to the difficulties occasioned thereby to the fleet and ithe
maritime trade of England. Consul Westcoiftbe would like it
to be kept more quiet, but Fanshaw reminds him that it would
be of little purpose to prohibit the merchants in London writing
of it to their factors in Spain, unless the bills of mortality were
suppressed, and the Spanish Ambassador and his followers in
England persuaded not to mention it, which clearly would je
impossible [p. 201], Dr. Ryves gives a vivid picture of the
panic caused by it. ** Truly, my lord," he says, " we have been
afraid one of another, as if the curse of Cain had been upon us,
to fear every man that met us would slay us. The highways
have been unoccupied, all intercourse of letters obstructed, and
no man thought himself secure in his closest retirements''
\j}. 216]. See also letters of Bulteel, Sir Thomas Beverley, and
Sir Andrew King [j)p, 217-219].
In conclusion, it must be noted that the dating of letters written
by Englishmen abroad at this period offers peculiar difficulties,
as the practice was extremely unce,rtain. For instance, Hyde
and the other Royalists in exile always dated new style, but Sir
George Downing, whilst at the Hague, used the old. By means
of endoreements of the date of receipt, mention of the day of the
week, and allusions to current events, it is however generally
c2
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XXVI
possible to ascertain the true date. Fanshaw and his wife, when
abroad, invariably used new style, xinless the contrary is stated,
to which fact is due much confusion in the dates of their pub-
lished papers. The little se^ries of letters from -uady Fanshaw,
here ffiven, was a quite unexpected ** find," as they were tied up
in a bundle of papers of the year 1667, many months after the
death of him to whom they were addressed. The consids and
merchants in Spain and Portugal usually dated new style, but
the garrison at Tangier kept to the English fashion, probably
because their chief intercourse with the world was by means of
English ships.
All letters of any importance, or containing matter of general
interest, in the Fanshaw collection, a^e here calendared, but of
the numerous letters (nearly always of complaint) from consuls,
merchants, and ships' commanders, and of the mass of ofiicial
documents, mostly in Spanish or Portuguese, only a selection has
been given.
In the spelling of the family name, the form Fanshaw rather
than Fanshawe has been adopted, as Sir Eichard himself seems
always to have ^sed it, as did his cousin and secretary; also
it is that given in the volume of printed letters.
Other proper names are printed as spelt by the writers (except
in the case of a few very eccentric spellers), the ordinary form
being added in the Index. The terms Spanish, Portugal, or
Tangier Correspondence have reference, in all cases, to the
Foreign Office and Colonial Papers at the Public Record Office.
The Report on these papers and this Introduction have been
prepared by Mrs. Lomas.
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THE
MANUSCRIPTS OF JOHN M. HEATHCOTE, ESQ.,
OF CONINGTON CASTLE, HUNTS.
Charles I. to Bichabd Fanshaw.
1647, October 9. Hampton Court. "Instructions for our
trusty and well-beloved Richard Fanshaw, Esq., our Remem-
licancer of our Court of Exchequer, employed by us as our resident
ERRATUM.
and you shall, by virtue of the same warrant,
from him in our name all such sums of money and other proceed
l^sie] of the said fish which shall be found due unto us by the said
account.
3. If what you shall by virtue thereof receive from Jackson,
shall be by you upon the place judged sufficient to support you
in the quality of our resident in that Court until you may be
further supplied by us, you shall then present your letters of
credence — ^herewith likewise delivered you — ^unto our brother of
Spain, expressing in our name the high and particular value
we have of his Majesty's person and friendship, and our earnest
desire to continue the peace and good correspondence established
betwixt the two crowns.
4. Ton shall retain the said sums and other proceed of the
goods aforesaid to your own use, upon account towards the
satisfying unto yourself all and every such sum and sums as are
and shall be due and accruing unto you for the said emplovment
bv virtue of our Privy Seal, bearing date the seventh day of
February in the twentieth year of our reign — ^whereof a copy
attested by our Chancellor and XJnder-Treasurer of our Exchequer
is hereunto annexed — and of any other allowance which we shall
make to you for your service in that kingdom, for which this shall
be your warrant, unto which we do hereby engage ourself to add
at your request hereafter such further and other warrant and
discharge as by your counsel learned in the law shall be advised,
* Ludv Fanahaw mentions the " Credentials to Spain " jpTen by the Kvoft to her hus-
faond; bnh, »lfhoagh he left En^rland at this time, he da not go further than France.
Wt. 1772. 2^ A
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when the strict fonns of business may be observed, you passing
your account and rendering unto us the surplusage, in case any
should be.
5. Or if you upon your own credit and upon the credit of the
said assignment upon Jackson and our Privy Seal above-men-
tioned — our own present disabilities together with the causes
thereof being notoriously known — can procure, either in England
or of any of our subjects abroad, so much money as you in your
discretion shall think sufficient to venture upon the employment
withal, you may in this case likewise present our letters of credence,
and we shall account the procuring and furnishing of the same
for such a purpose a testimony of great zeal to our service both in
yovL and in any that shall so assist you therewith. And — ^if you
shall fail of money from Jackson whereby to disengage yourself
and satisfy such person or persons — ^you may confidently depend
upon our favour and justice for the enabling you thereimto by the
due payment of you hereafter — ^when the same shall be seasonably
desired from us on your behalf — according to the tenor of our said
Privy Seal, as also for the advancing your ordinary entertain-
ment from forty shillings — which sum only is expressed in the
said Privy Seal — ^to three pound per diem, being tnat proportion
which we have given to others whom we have formerly employed
there in that quality, whereof we were not at that time sufficiently
informed when we granted that Privy Seal, it having been never
in our intention to allow you less than we had done to other men
for the same service. Which particulars — ^when the times will
permit — ^we shall be always ready to confirm, at your humble
desire, by due foim of Privy Seal for the additional twenty
shillings per diem apart, or by a new Privy Real — comprehending
the whole — ^in lieu of the former.
6. Yet — ^to leave nothing untried in the meantime for your
more speedy reimbursement and satisfaction of such person or
persons as may help to furnish you as aforesaid for our service,
and for your further and better support therein — ^if , when you are
upon the place and shall have taken upon you the employment
upon the terms expressed in the last foregoing instruction, it shall
sufficiently appear — ^by Jackson's own confession or otherwise —
that there are really moneys owing to us from him, and yet that
either he refuseth or is backward to account for and to deliver
the same unto you in obedience to our said warrant, so that vou
shall conceive he takes advantage of the times — ^wherein they
cannot possibly be had — to stand upon strict formalities, whereby
to defraud us of — or at least to keep from us at a time when we
have most need thereof — our proper due, you shall then, as in
your discretion you shall find fit, either to his Catholic Majesty
himself or to some of his ministers, apply yourself in our name
for justice, and by all just ways and means constrain the said
Jackson to do us right by delivering to you what belongs to us
as aforesaid, or at least by depositing the same in safe and in-
different hands.
7. But if when you come upon the place you shall see for the
present no certain way whereby to support yourself in that our
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service, neither as in the third nor as in the fifth preceding
instruction, you may in this case, either totally or until you shall
be otherwise supplied by us or by your own further endeayours
as in the fifth, suppress our said letters of credence, provided you
{resent the same — ^if at all — ^within eight months after the date
ereof , unless you shall receive other express directions from us.
8. You shall — ^in case you enter into the empl^^ent — ^from
time to time, and upon all occasions that shall be offered, endeav-
our and negotiate in our name the observation of the peace
betwixt the two crowns, and that our merchants and other sub-
jects may enjoy the full fruit and benefit thereof in their trade
and other lawful intercourse with that nation.
9. If whilst you are in the said employment you shall judge
it necessary to repair into England, either for the better under-
standing of our pleasure and directions concerning your negoti-
ation and deportment in that Court upon your personal representa-
tion unto us what you have observed upon the place appUable
to our service, or for the better settling your own private concern-
ments in reference to your pay for the said employment or to
your proper estate at home — ^now suffering amongst others under
the success of the late unhappy war — ^you have hereby our free
leave so to do, without attending our particular pleasure therein —
in respect of the distance of the place — ^we leaving it to your
discretion to make choice of such a time wherein your attendance
here will be most advantageous, or your absence from thence least
prejudicial, to the service you are employed in, and to your care,
to return into Spain with such diligence as our altairs shall
require.
10. You shall pursue such further instructions as you shall
from time to time receive from us, or from whom we shall appoint
to signify our commands to you, with whom likewise you are to
hold frequent correspondency of letters in what concerns our
service. GKven under our signet at our honor of Hampton Court
this 9th day of October, 1647, and in the 23rd year of our reign."
Sign Manual, Sealed. 4| pp.
Charles II. to Eichard Fanshaw.
1649, August [20-]30. St Germains— '* Trusty and well beloved,
we greet you well. Our will and pleasure is that you immediately
repaii to St. Sebastians to meet iny Lord Cottington and Sir
Edward Hyde, our ambassadors extraordinary to Spain. And
if they are past from thence before you arrive, then to pursue
such directions as they shall leave there for you. But if you
come thither before them, then you are to stay till they arrive,
provided that your absence from Ireland be dispensed with by the
Marquis of Omwnd, whose leave you are to have, and to govern
yourself entirely in this matter according to such directions as
you shall receive from him."
With note : " This is in your own cipher." Sign Manual.
1 p. [The passages in italics are in cipher , deciphered in the
margin, but not apparently very exactly.^
A2
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Lord Cottington and Snt Edward Hyde to Charles II.
1650, July [17-]27. Madrid—" Mr. Fanshaw hath deferred his
journey from hence for some weeks longer than he intended,
in hope that we might send by him such account of our service
to youi Majesty as might make us appear successful, as well as
diligent, in your commands, but now his own pressing occasions
and his desire to enable himself to wait on your Majesty as soon
as may be, which in regard of the distance will require other
provisions than he before apprehended, makes him unwilling
to stay longer here, nor can we reasonably advise him, since
we do not find it easy, with all the diligence and importunity
we can us5, to bring this people particularly to express what
oflSces of fiiendship they do intend to perform to your Majesty
and by what degrees, their own necessities every day increasing
upon them and putting them to all the shifts imaginable to
furnish themselves with ready money, from the present disburse-
ment whereof they hope to put a good end to that war, of which
they are most weary ; and if it had not been for these accidents,
we do believe that we should before this time have received some
earnest of their kind purposes towards your Majesty, for the mani-
festation whereof we have yet only had good words and professions,
which they still continue with the same solemnity. We have
given Mr. Fanshaw so particular information of all we know
or believe here with reference to your Majesty's service and to
our own ill-condition, that we shall not trouble your Majesty
further than to beseech you to hear him, whose integrity and
devotion to your service, and his great ability to serve you, your
Majesty well knows, and, therefore, we doubt not but your Majesty
will give him likewise such a dispatch in what concerns himself
as may testify your grace and favour towards him. It will be of
great importance to your service that we know here, as soon as
may be, of the good reception your Majesty hath found in that
kingdom [Scotland], and of any other access of good fortune
which may advance your service, in whidi no men can labour with
more dutv and affection how unprofitably soever, than we."
Signed. IJ pp,
Mary [Princess of Orange], to her brother, Charles II.
1651, March [19.]29- The Hagu^" I formerly desired Mon-
sieur Heenvliet to acquaint your Majesty how much I was con-
cerned in the business of Amboyna, the proceed thereof having
been by the King my father assigned to the Prince of Orange in
satisfaction to my portion, and the three acts under the
Great Seal — by which only the business can be con-
cluded — ^were delivered into Monsieur Heenvliet's hands for
the Prince's use, which acts were after delivered to Mr.
Long and by him to Sir William Boswell by the con-
sent of the Prince, with an intention to have advanced money
for your Majesty's assistance, but that failing, the acts should
have been redelivered to Monsieur Heenvliet, but they were,
after Sir "William Boswell's death, taken out of his study by
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Hiimfry Boswell and put into the keeping of Mr. Webster. Now,
understanding that your Majesty, not rightly apprehending what
was desired by me in Monsieur Heenvliet's letter aforesaid,
directed Mr. Long to give Monsieur Heenvliet the treaty of
marriage at Beverley, and the papers of Amboyna to the Queen
of Bohemia, in this necessity, my very jointure being in danger
to be shaken in case the portion appear not to have been paid,
I was bold to make use of a blank 1 had of your Majesty by
Seamor to command Mr. Webster to deliver me those acts, but
how he hath refused that your Majesty will find by a particular
relation sent along now, whereto I refer, beseeching your Majesty
to allow what I have thus done, and to sign the warrants herewith
sent for Webster's and Mr. Long's putting me into possession
of the said acts and papers, whereby your Majesty will lay a very
important obligation upon me. I will only add this, to desire
your Majesty to pardon the length of this letter and to believe
that it's not in my power to express to your Majesty the real kind-
ness I have for you, as being with all my heart, my dearest
brother, your Majesty's most obedient and humble, most affec-
tionate sister and subject Marie." Holograph. Z\ pp,
James, Duke of York, to Chables II,
1651, [March 25-] April 4. Breda — "Since I received your
Majesty's commands for my return into France I have
omitted nothing that might ^enable me to put them in
execution, both by my endeavours to furnish myself with
money for the expense of my journey, wherein yet I
cannot prevail — that which your Majesty assigned me
upon my Lord Cidpeper being almost [all] of it expended before
it was received — ^and by frequent solicitations to the Queen
to procure me an invitation into France, and an establishment
when I should come there. In answer to which I have only
received one letter from her Majesty by Harry Seamor, which
I sent your Majesty enclosed in the letter I writ by his servant.
By Harry Bennett — ^who I now daily expect from Paris — ^I hope
to* know what resolution will be taken concerning me, there being
nothing more tedious and displeasing to me than to be forced
to delay the performance of what your Majesty commands me to
do, but, when the Queen shall inform your Majesty of the reasons
that have occasioned this delay, I hope you will not think there
hath been any backwardness on my side, and though no reasons
were alleged, yet the assurance your Majesty hath in my duty
and obedience and readiness to obey all your orders will suffici-
ently answer for me. I am now by the arrival of those the rebels
call their ambassadors at the Hague forced to stay here, which
adds extremely to my trouble, being at the same time neither
able to obey your Majesty as I would, nor to enjoy the comfort
of being with my sister. But I hope the next letters I shall
trouble your Majesty with will be dated from Paris, if not, your
Majesty shall know the fault is not in me, and in case the
disorders in France should grow to that height that the Queen
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6
should not think it fit to send for me, I shall then humbly desire
your Majesty's orders what T am to do in the next place, and to
be confident that I will never take up any resolutions but such as
shall be conformable to your Majesty's commands."
Postscript — " I most humbly beseech your Majesty let Richard
Fanshaw come that I may find my rest, and your Majesty shall
then see I have much cause to ask for help from your goodness
to repair me against some that would ruin me and do your
Majesty no good." Holograph. ^\pp*
Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, to her nephew, Chaeles II.
[1651, March 29-]April 8. The Hague— "Since my last
to your Majesty, I have received a letter from Curtius,
that at Frauclort all the Princes' deputies assembled
there did come to him to congratulate your coronation;
that one Dr. ^^eifrid, professor at Tubing [en] in the
Duke of Wirtemberg's country, having writ a base book
to prove the King's murder lawful, the Duke put him into close
prison, and had the book burnt by the hangman's hands ; and
condemned the author to the fire, but he was saved by great
intercession, and banished for ever the country. The Electors of
CI eves and Collein [Cologne] show much affection to you also,
and all the princes and towns, especially Francfort. Curtius
thinks it would do your Majesty much service to give him com-
mand and letters to thank them for their congratulating your
crowning. I believe Secretary Nicholas doth write more fully
of it to you by Broughton. You will hear of the high business
betwixt my son and their pretended ambassadors, whom Ned called
by their true names. I dare trouble you no further at this time,
having just rea*son to ask yoiu* pardon for doing it so much now by
so many letters. This bearer comes from my dear godson [the
Duke of York], who is most truly affectionate and obedient
to you." Holograph, Seal mith crown and arms, 2 pp.
Charles II. to Sir William Berkely, Governor of Virginia,
1651, May 20. Camp at Stirling — Our deceased servant,
Charles Murray, having died indebted to the bearer, Edward
Whitney, in the sum of £460, which, from our care for the credit
and memory of our servant we have promised to pay ; ** and for
that through the continued troubles and disorders in all our king-
doms, we have not hitherto found the way to do it as we intended,"
we desire you to satisfy to him the said sum, which we shall
take as a special testimony of your affection, and shall be ready
to make good '* whenever the present exigencies of our affairs
shall be a little over.'' We further recommend the said Edward
Whitney to your favour in the plantation, where he intends to
spend his stock and the remainder of his days, this being " not a
superficial recommendation, but a thing we very much desire, in
regard of the approved honesty and old relations of the man."
Sign manual. Duplicate, Seal im^pressed. 1 p.
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[SiK Edwabd Hyde] to Richard Francis [Sir Bichard Fan-
SHAW.]
[1659, April ;30-]May 10. Brussels — "Now I have leave
to write to you 1 ^1 use my old freedom, and if you
scape chiding before I have done you will have better
luck than you have been used to, but I will first tell
you why I proceeded with so much ceremony as to ask
your leave to write before I would do it, when I knew
you were to be at Paris. I could not imagine it possible that you
coulu have been so long out of England — ^though I knew well the
unlawfulness of the correspondence whilst you were there — ^with-
out one letter to this court, where you have two such friends
besides your master, if you were not restrained — ^for I never
doubted your aifection — by some contract from such commerce.
And 1 was the more confirmed in that apprehension, when about
a month since, (that is the most,) Harry Coventry sent me a packet
from the Hague, which he Jiad received the day before, after Sir
Edward Brett, who is a very honest man, had refused to receive
it, not giving enough credit to the messenger — though he had
been his oflBcer — ^who had brought such a superscription out of
England, whica he thought few honest men would have the
courage to avow. As I found my own title on the outside^ so, when
I had opened it, I saw your name in as legible characters, in a
letter of the 4 October, which if it had been intercepted, as it
might have been as well in all that time, would have put an end
to your voyage, but the messenger had been very faithful in all
but the speed, the seals were unviolated and all is now safe. But
upon the reading it, I was, I say, again confirmed that you had
taken that Kberty before you entered upon your charge, and that
you were bound by your articles not to write afterwards to me,
though you were in other cases at liberty if called upon, for I
coula not imagine otherwise but that you would rather have
chosen to have sent the sa^e dispatch after you came out of
England, however that you would have made some enquirv
after it as you passed by Paris, from whence you sent a civil
remembrance only to me by Church. I enlarge myself the more
upon this, because by that omission, and for want of your friends
knowing your mind and your right, one thing hath passed to
Jrour prejudice to the old resident here, and wnen I read your
etter to the King, he was the most out of countenance I ever saw
him, and had as absolutely forgot, indeed remembered no more
of his engagement to you, than of anything was done the day he
was bom ; and I must again tell you, it cannot be enough won-
dered at that you would not, during the time of your stay in
England, when you had frequent opportunities, or at your first
coming over, be sure that the King should be put in mind of
yourpretence, which had determined all other.
'* Tour master is as kind co you as you can wish, and what is at
present gone will quickly again be to be yours ; all the rest you
have for asking, though nothing shall be done in it till we
meet, because I think we have somewhat better in view for you.
I am very ready to give you counsel in what you propose, which
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d
is not to be loose until we can call you away to your advantage,
at least not to a starving condition, which upon my credit we are
all at present. I like your stay at Paris, for methinks we have no
unpleasant prospect about us, and if you think this correspon-
dence* safe, send me a cipher, and I will offer you some considera-
tion which I cannot well without a disguise. What I say for
myself, I say for my Lord Lieutenant* that you shall be very
happy if it be ever in my power to serve you." Holograph. 1^
The Same to jhe Sam£.
[1659], May [T-]17. Brussels — " I have youTS of the 7th^ and
if mine of this day seven-night be come to your hands, I need
answer little to the greatest part of it, and I continue still of the
same mincl, that you were to blame in not giving your friends
seasonable notice oi all your concernments, wJiich were not to be
presumed to be safe in that single memory, which cotild never
have committed a fault against you but by forgetting. I believe
in i* little time you may have reparation in that particular, I
mean in kind, 1 am sure you will in weight, if 1 can judge
aright, but 1 will not enlarge upon that or anything else of
moment till you send me a cipher, and then you shall know
what 1 think in all things ; and if you leave orders with Church
how to send my letters to you, you shall not fail of them, and of
all necessary advertisements wiiich may concern you and your
interest. JNothing you write to me shall be mentioned to any
but between the Jiing, my Lord Lieutenant* and myself, nor
have 1 ever mentioned your name to anybody as if I heard of you,
but casually to Mr. Heath, who spoke to me as from you, but I
acquainted him not with anything you had said to me, but only
that a letter you had long since sent out of England came not
to me till within this month. You cannot wish your friends
kinder to you, and I do assure you I will make that kindness as
useful as i can ; either write to my Lord Lieutenant * yourself,
or mention him in mine, as he deserves from you."
Postscript, — '* AVhat will your young man come to ? "
Holograph. Seal with crest. 1 p.
The Sam£ to the Same.
[1G59], May [21-]31. Brussels — ^I have deferred acknowledg-
ing yours of the 15th till 1 may reasonably presume you are
returned and that this will find you at Paris, nor will I retract one
word of my chiding in the former, which, notwithstanding all you
say in defence, and the delay in the delivery of yours from
England, which was not your fault, you do very richly deserve,
for without doubt you ought, and had opportunity enough to
have done so, let your friends know what you had in justice to
expect, and which you could not reasonably pi*esume would be
* This word u» a mere acntwl, bat may bd reed Lt^* Ormond arriyed at
Brvsselfi just at th^fi time, and was Fanflhaw's ohkf patron.
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enough remembered^ and yet I must tell you the forgetful person
is more severe to himsell than you could be, if you gave your
mind to it.
I send you herewith a cipher, and then we may talk freely
what is of concernment, and I shall when I know you have it,
tell you all that I think may concern yourself, but you must
give me leave — ^for I am not ashamed to tell you that my eyes
are not so good as you have known them, and I find wonderihil
ease in dictating — ^sometimes, especially when there is much use
of cipher, that I write by another hand that is more legible,
and you shall have the less reason to fear it in point of secrecy,
when I promise you that I will in my letters to you use the
help of no other hand, but of one of my sons, I having two with
me, very capable of the service. God keep you." Holograph
Seal. 1 y.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], June [4-] 14. Brussels. — I have yours of the 6th, and
will now discourse with you concerning yourself, and will in the
lirst place tell you that your master will make you all the recom-
pense he can for the wrong he has aone you, and yet I miist say to
you again that you were to blame not to help his memory in these
catching times by letting us know your right* The conclusion
is, as soon as that place falls, which it will do ere long, it shall
infallibly he yours.
You are the secretary of the Latin tongue, and I wiU mend
the wari'ant you sent, and have it dispatched as soon as I hear
again from you, but I must tell you, the place in itself, if it be
not dignified by the person, who hath some other qualification,
is not to be valued. There is no signet belongs to it, which can be
only kept by a Secretary of State, from whom the Latin Secretary
always receives orders and prepares no dispatches without his
direction, and hath only a fee of a hundred pound a year. And
therefore, except it hatli been in the hands of a person who hath
had some othe? employlnent, it hath lallen to the fortune of in-
considerable men, as Wakerly [Weckerlin] was the last.
I have long thought upon a fU plaee for you, to which both
the other being united, you might appear with lustre enough and
a very competent support, and if you were of my mind, you
would think it the finest place about the court, as in truth it is,
and for a place of action * inferior only to the Secretary of State,
and from whence to he secretary is a very nalural step, and that
is Master of Requests, by which you have the King's ear three
months in [the] year, as much as the secretary, and in which you
woudd very honestly get six or seven hundred pound a year though
yon should never make any suit for yourself. It is a proper
qualification for any body and a road * to anything your friends
can propose* for you. This place the King has ^^romwcc/
Ormond* and m^ for you, and that you shall be the first who
shall he sworn in U; and a« I said before, this place, with the
other two, will be both orname nt and profit, and I confess to you
MOoubtful word*.
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neither of the other two alone is worthy of you. As soon as I
know your mind in this, I will see everything done that is
necessary. I cannot propose anything reasonably to you or for
you about the interview upon the frontiers ;\ for besides that I do
not wish that you should sustain any present loss by a relation
to the King's cause* before it can he profitable to you, the
Cardinal* will be there, and there are other reasons which you
shall know hereafter, and this is all I can think of to say with
relation to yourself.
Tell me now all that occurs to you as fit to be known by us
both with reference to persons and things in England.
Is my Lord of Pembroke* so mad or so foolish that he can
never be made of any use * to the King ? Since all your friends,
and all to whom you have now any relation, do very weU know
your affections f can they not be persuaded through you to convey
any information to us, or anything else thai may be most necessary i
Tell me in the last place upon what your studies are at present
fixed, what books you have written and printed since I saw you,
and why you never sent me those books. I hope you will think
this a large despatch, and like it better than if it were in the
proper handwriting of your most affectionate servant. In the
handwriting of his son; the last few words only by himself. 1\
pp, [The parts in italics are in cipher, undeciphered.^
The Same to the Same.
[1659, June 25], July 5. Brussels — " I excused myself the last
week by Church, for not answering yours of the 20th, and I have
since by the last post, yours of the 27th and but the last night your
other of the 2l8t, for Mr. Heath having been out of the town,
and not returning until yesterday, I could not receive it sooner.
If you had not directed me otherwise I had sent your concern-
ments by the post, as I think I might well have done with
security enough, and in my own judgment better than the other
way, but you shall be obeyed : and at this by me receive no
furthf^r trouble — ^for I have so much to do by this post that I
can very hardly despatch it — ^than the assurance " of my constant
affection. Holograph. \ p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], July [9-]19. Brussels — I have yours of the 11th, and,
if it had not come in the very article, your former prescription
had been obeyed, the good lord departing from this town on
Thursday ; yet I am still of opinion this is the better conveyance ;
if you have not enclosed all the instruments you expect, it is for
want of skill in preparing them. The patent for Master of
Requests I shall see despatched, being I think better able to get
the form than you can, and indeed it had been done by this
time, if my directions to Breda, where a patent of a friend of
mine is, had been observed or better understood, but I have not
t The treaty of the Pyrenees. • Doubtful words^ '
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been yet able so well to describe the place where it is as to lead
Dr. Morley to find it; I shall within few days recover it, the
other for the Latin Secretary you must retain yourself, for the
secretaiy nor I do know whether it be by patent or warrant,
only 1 am sure the old form is to be observed, because the fee
is contained in it. When you write next to me, say somewhat
of kindness to the good secretary that I may show him, who is
much your friend : i believe I shall say somewhat to you in my
next in cipher, and methinks if your friends in England use any
freedom towards you, you should have many things to impart
which would need that disguise. I will say no more at present
than that I wish you in entire possession of all you desire, and
that we may spend the rest of our time together, and that I may
have frequent opportunities to express to you how very heartily
I am, your most affectionate servant."
Postscript. — "You will have no cause to use Mr. Heath's
service in any of the particulars, and, therefore, you need not
let him know anything, for which I have a reason." Holograph.
ip.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], July [16-]26. Brussels— I have yours of the 18th, and I
hope you have mine of the day after, and when I writ that,
I aid believe I should have had occasion to have enlarged in this
upon many particulars, but yet all things are as they were, by
wnich you may perceive there are many idle discourses abroad
in the world, and truly if those discourses do not harm, it is a
great miracle. I have told you heretofore, that till we can
do you good, we will do you no harm, and the ease and quiet
you are in shall be preserved, but if the King were once in
England, I should think it necessary you should make haste to
him, though you broke some covenants, which in that case I hdieve
would not he taken ill. I thank you for your poetry, which I see
you refresh yourself in both languages. I do very much long
to see your Querer par solo querer, both in the translation and
the original, I have heard it much commended, but could not
procure it whilst I was in Spain. If you will needs exercise
yourself in translations, which methinks you should not choose
to do, when you can so well digest your own thoughts upon
many subjects, I wish you would collect a parcel of Spanish
letters, which though you will not find together in any one
volume, at least that I have seen, you may out of several authors
bring together such a collection of letters, both serious and
light, wluch will appear better in English than any volume of
letters that I ever saw in any language. God send us into a
place where we may spend o\ir time better, and bring us well
together.^* Holograph, 1 p. [The sentence in italics is under-
lined in the letter,']
The Same to the Same.
[1659, July 2^-] August 1. Brussels— I have yours of the 25th,
and have delivered your compliments to the persons concerned. I
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shall take care to procure you anything out of the stores you
mention, which may be useful to you, and if you and I can once
bring ourselves together, you shaU be well enough informed of
all that is necessary, but 1 must now tell you, with some trouble,
that after a full search for the patent at Breda, it is evident that
it is not to be found, it being left in a trunk in England, there-
fore, you shall do well to send to some friend to send you a copy
from thence, which is very easy to be done without the least
notice. I am afraid your letters from England are not so cheerful
as they were, for it is a wonderful thing to see how our friends
are cast down upon the acts of this last week, though there
appears no other ground for it than that they are not together
by the ears, and because they are disappointed in their expecta-
tion of the dissolution of the Parliament by the army. I do
confess to you I do not like my own letters, nor do enough
understand the temper and resolutions there; I wish I were
sure there is no foul play amongst people who are trusted, and
if a man prove faulty, of whom you and 1 have always had a very
good opinion, we shall not hereafter know upon whom to depend
in point of integrity. There is one comfort, that many days
cannot pass, before we shall be able to make a reasonable judg-
ment which is like to come to pass. We do not understand
anything of the Sound, or what Montague resolves to do, nor
is the temper of Monck and his army sufficiently understood by
us. 1 wish you all happiness." Holograph. 1 p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659, July 30-]Augu8t 9. Brussels — **I thank you very
heartily for yours of the 1st, and have some reason to believe that
your letters from England of this day seven-night brought you
nothing to allay your hopes from thence. I wish with all my heart
that those of tliis day bring you no other tidings, for there is so
much discourse of plots and of treachery that I .cannot be without
apprehension for a little time more. If nothing fall amiss, I
hope we may write cheerfully to each other shordy, and I pray
fail not to let me know what letters inform you. You can expect
nothing of news from this place, but the health of your friends,
which generally is good ; mine at present interrupted by a little
indisposition." Holograph, \ p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], August 30. Brussels. — I was very glad to receive
yours of the 23rd, and to find that no misfortune should then
have befallen any of your friends, and yet I cannot but wonder
that "^o long after the day none of them were in arms, when in
so many other places there was encouragement enough. I have
long told you that there was a false brother amongst our friends
who did infinite mischief, but I never named him because I
thought you would never believe it, as I myself was very un-
willing to do. Would you ever have thought it possible that
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Sir Bichard Willis could prove false and treadkerous, and to
correspond with Thurlow P I know not what may be the issue,
hitherto our hopes are fair, but I do believe if that Knot upon
which you and I have so much depended, and which I am per-
suaded have failed only by the craft of him whom they never
suspected nor it may be do yet, had done their part, very few had
miscarried, and little blood had been spilt in the quarrel. I hope
the other parts of the kin^om will not look on and leave our
Cheshire and Lancashire friends to contend alone. I look our
next letters shall bring us much good, be sure you tell me
particularly what yours bring, it is pity you have not a way
of communicating more freely with yo\ir friends. God send us
a good meeting." Holograph. 1 p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], September [10-]20. Brussels — ^I excused myself to you
by Church for not writing the last post, when besides the im-
pression the common tale made upon my spirits, I was really very
sick, nor am I yet well recovered. I have since yours of the 12th,
and when I signified my expectation of a long letter from you,
it was upon the news of your wife's arrival, who I presumed
would be able to inform you of many important particulars. I
do tell you, and to the end you may warn all such of your friends
who are not yet undone and may be in danger by the same
friendship, that all this hopeful design hath been ruined by the
treachery of Sir Richard Willis, of whom I had so good an
opinion that I would have put my life into his hand, as I did
the life of him whom I love as well. I did not depart from this
confidence till the King received such clear evidence of his
treachery as left no room for doubt, and yet I believe few men
believe it, nor can evidence of that kind be published, but men
must take the King's word, who could not be moved in the point
till there remained no room for doubt. I should be glad you
would take the pains to inform me of as many particulars
concerning persons and things as you can, for in this dispersion
of our friends we know little more than the prints inform us.
We have yet reason to hope well of Spain, of which I presume
our master can by this time better judge, for I should be much
troubled if I did not believe his Majesty to be at this present
with Don Lewis,* though I have not heard one word from him,
or any about him, since he received the ill news. My service
to your wife." Holograph, 1 p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], October [1-]11. Brussels — ^I have yours of the 4th,
and will say no more of that wicked, false brother than that you
are to warn all your friends to take heed of him, for all yet do not
believe him false. You see the conquerors scarce yet know how
* Don Luis Mendez de Haro, jtc., Conde-Duque d« Olivare^, Marques del Carpio
y d« LicUe^ chief minister of the King of Spain. Ob. 1661.
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to use their victory, nor do the prisoners look on them with any
reverence, it is probable the army may by this time have once
more broken their form of government. Church is a very honest
man and my particular friend, and if I do at any time say any-
thing that troubles him, it is without any purpose to do so, for
I know his fidelity and diligence to be exemplary, and if I do
not give him cause to believe that I think so, it is only want of
skill in me. I must not give over the consideration oi my poor
sister and discoursing it with you, though you tell me that you
know not what to contribute to her service. I knew not so many
particulars of her condition as you tell me, having not heard
word from her above this twelve months, and I do with great
indignation hear the carriage of her son towards her, who if he
be in the same distemper, ought not to have the tuition of her.
What is become of her brothers, is there none of them who can
or will protect her from oppression ? I do again desire you, if it
be possible, to engage some friend to speak with her son from
me, that he may know I desire to have an account of the true
state of the business between them, and expect that he should
use her with the duty that is due to her ; I know it is not easy
to get such a message delivered, yet if it be possible I wish it
done, she deserves all the offices from me I can perform towards
her. God keep you and yours." H olograph. 1 /;.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], October [15-]25. Brussels— I have yours of the 17th,
and though I know not what to reply to what you have said of my
poor sister, I do heartily beg you to think of somebody that may
so speak to her son of her that I may know what he says ; for
I am willing to think he may not be without some civility
towards me. I must now ask you a question which I am sure
you will answer me very frankly, knowing that I cannot ask
It to any ill purpose. T?ell me then of what age is your pupil
Ld. ... * and what are his faculties and oisposition,
and is he more like father or mother.
You took great care kindly in one of your letters to mention
honest Church to me, as a man very fit to be cherished, and I
am so much of your mind that I do heartily desire to do him
a very good turn, and doubt not to live to compass it, but I
cannot but complain to you of him, of which you must take no
notice, that he is too solicitous to have money given him by the
King, and notwithstanding I do truly inform him of the miser-
able condition all the King's servants are in, above two years
in arrear of their board wages, which God knows, if paid, would
but give them bread, he still thinks he ought to be supplied
and makes great moan of being ready to starve, when it is very
strange that family can be in want ; I have often told him that
when the King is able to spare it, I will remember him, as I
have done formerly, yet he is not satisfied. Tou must not take
notice that I complain of him, but find some such way to talk of
• Fauflhaw was with the eldest 8on of the Earl of Pembroke, but the word, which is
oarelolly cancelled, does not appear to be Herbert.
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the necessities of this place, which in truth can hardly be
imagined, that he may not think it reasonable to continue that
importunity. The King was not at the frontiers the 14th, which
ma^es me mad. God keep you." Holograph. 1 p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659, October 29-]November 8. Brussels — ^I have yours of the
31st of the last, and do thank you for the character you give of
the young man, which is a very good one, and you shail hereafter
know the reason why I ask it ; I have no more to say upon that
argument but to know whether there be any thought of his
b^ng called home. We know nothing of the a^airs of England
since the very day that the Parliament was dissolved, and the
extraordinary ana unusual care that is taken to keep us from
knowing what passed makes us believe that the confusion there
is very high, and yet that there is some governing power that is
well obeyed, for we have not only any letters from thence, now
these two last post days, but our packet boat is not suffered to
g) to shore nor to send the letters, but is forced to return to
stend: which kind of restraint hath never been practiced since
the beginning of these troubles. I should be glad to find that
all the proceedings of , the Parliament were so totally condemned
that all our friends were at liberty, as having justly opposed a
power that had no dominion over tnem. I know not what to say
of our Spanish friends, if they have in truth pursued their
{'oumey to Madrid and left Don Lewis behind them, they may
lave cause to be sorry for it, and the ministers here censure the
methcKl very much. I do confess the whole journey hath been
so conducted and so contrary to former resolutions, that I am not
a little troubled at it. I hope the next week will bring me some
satisfaction, and that the .King will find so quick a cSspatch in
all he desires that he will not stay long in those parts. I wish
you heartily all happiness." Holograph, 1 p.
The Same to the Same.
[1659], November [5-] 15. Brussels — " I have received yours of
the 7th, which hath renewed very mych my trouble and sorrow
for you, which was before in some degree abated out of the hope
that the foundation of it was not true, for Church, writing in a
pCK>tscript as a thing he only feared, and in the next letter saying
nothing of it, I entertained a faint hope that God Almighty
had withdrawn that affiction from you and so I forbore condoling
in my own letter with you the last week. I know not what to
say but to refer you to your own good spirit and ratiocination.
Yrur friends in England hold up their heads again, and I hope
we may once more meet there." Holograph. \ p.
The Same to the Same.
[1660], January [14-]24. Brussels — ^I have yours of the 16th,
but the letter of the former, as all that were directed to me by that
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post, are miscarried, and lost to me ; therefore, recollect yourself,
if anything were in it for my information, and renew it in your
next.
I presume you hear from my Lord Lieutenant all that concerns
yourself. That which I do indeed take unkindly, loth from the
King and Omwnd* as I have told them, is that they wonld put
off and defer the answer till they came hither, when the resolution
was taken there, and never so much as consulted here. Th£ King
has offered the place indeed to one who upon my conscience will
never deserve it, yet, in the interval, it will not be fit to /HZ*
it I will say no more to you of myself, than that there is
nothing I desire more, and hope one day to see it, and without
mone\f* which shovld never have tempted me.
Indeed the turns in England turn my head, that I know not
what to say or think of them. Nothing more extravagant than
that the Rump should sit and govern three kingdoms, yet nothing
to come can appear more impossible than that which they have
passed through, and if our next letters do not tell us of some new
broils, I shall be melancholic. God keep you.
Postscript. — ^I look you should thank me in your next for the
books I sent you. Holograph. [The words in italics are in
cipher, undeciphered,'] 1 p,\
Alfonso, King of Portugal, to King Charles II.
1661 [January 24-] February 3. Lisbon — ^Recommending
Consul Thomas Maynard, who has shown great care, zeal, and
love in his Majesty*s service. Signed by the Qtieen Regent.
Portuguese. Seal impressed. \ p.
Lord Chancellor Clarendon to the Queen of Portugal.
1661, July 9. London — This will be placed in your royal
hands by the Ambassador of Portugal, who is returning to Lisbon
by desire of the King, my master, to arrange for the speedy
arrival of the Queen, my mistress, whom may God conduct
safely; this being the thing in all the world most desired by
my master, and after him by all his subjects. For myself, this
alliance more than fulfils my ambition to serve the Crown of
Portugal and your Majesty, whose august person may God
guard, granting you the long life, which is so needful to both
kings for the augmenting of their greatness and mutual friend-
ship by the counsels and care of so great a Queen and so prudent
a mother. Spanish. Draft by Fanshaw. 1 p,
Charles II. to his wife, Queen Catherine, Infanta of Portugal.
1661, July [9P] Palace in London— The good Conde de Pontet
— ^who has been very useful to me — ^is now starting for Portugal,
* Doubtful worde. t These letters from Hyde to Fanshaw are almost all ad-
dressed " For Mr. Francis,'* and most of them haye a note (written below the ad-
dress) from Percy Church to Fanriiaw, requesting him to have them delivered, t Fran-
^co de Melo, Conde de ?oqte and, in 16^, Marques de SandQ.
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the marriage contract being signed ; and I am also sending after
him a servant of my own, to assure you of my inexpressible
pleasure at this happy conclusion. I am now about to make a
progress in my dominions, whilst awaiting the arrival from hers
of my supreme good. I cannot rest anywhere, and vainly seek
relief Irom my inquietude, longing to see her beloved person
in my kingdom as anxiously as I desired, after long e:ale, to
see myself there, or as my subjects desired to see me, the which
was s^own to all the world by their demonstrations on my arrival.
May you have the peace which comes from the protection of God,
with all the health and happiness that I can desire. Spanish.
Draft by Fanshaw. 1 p.
CHiiBLEs n. to his Mother [in law], the Queen of Portugal.
1661, August 21. London — ^The bearer of this. Sir Richard
Fanshaw, a trusty and well-beloved gentleman of my household,
is dispatched by me as ambassador extraordinary to the Queen,
my wife, to tell her of my daily increasing desire to see her hasten
her arrival with my ambassador, and of the arrangements made
for her service on me journey here. I beg you to grant to this
my servant all the license and orders that may be needful on the
part of your court, and that you yourself will aid your royal
daughter to forget that for my sate she must leave the court
of so good a brother, and the embraces of so tender and affectionate
a mother. Spanish, Draft by Fanshaw, 1 p.
Charles II. to his wife, Queen Catherine.
1661 [August 21 P] . London— The bearer, of this. Sir Richard
Fanshaw, who has served me for many years faithfidly and
honourably, is the same whom I recommended to you in my
last letter, sent by the Conde de Ponte. He is going as am-
bassador extraordinary to yourself, to assure you of my infinite
affection and to arrange for your arrival here with all possible
speed. He would attend you on your journey, were it not that
being appointed to our common service, he must, as matters now
stand, fit himself at once for the office of resident ambassador
at the court of Lisbon, when he has, with all due respect, seen
you embark and under sail in my fleet, which the Earl of Sand-
wich will soon bring to anchor in your port. He is the bearer
ot ordeis and all that is needful for the performance of my wishes
with regard to the marriage ceremonies deemed necessary before
we see each other, as also in regard to your coming hither, and I
pray you to give entire faith and credit to what he says in
my behalf, especially as touching the assurance of my devoted
love, which goes on increasing as the joy of seeing you and the
right to call you mine draw nearer, and will do so more and more
when you are my own. May God guard you and grant long
life to you^ whom I long for every day and every hour. Spanish.
Draft by Fanshaw. 1 p.
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Charles II. to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1661, August 23. Whitehall — InatnictionB for our trusty
and weli-beloved Sir Richard Fanshaw, knight and barcaiet,
employed by us into Portugal.
Since you understand by the treaty between us and Portugal
how much we have obliged ourself to support the interest of
that crown, you will easily believe that we are very much con-
cerned to have a clear information of the state of affairs there,
of lie Government, of the factions in court and state, of the
humour of the people amongst themselves, and of their inclina-
tion tti return to the Government of Spain ; therefore, vou will
up«^ all your diligence and dexterity to inform yourself as exactlv
as is possible in all those particulars, and to that purpose in the
first place—
1. Yon shall use your utmost diligence and dexterity to make
a friendship witli those ministers who are most entrusted in the
management of the affairs of that crown, and shall upon all
occasions assure them of our resolution to assist and support that
crown, and of our particular kindness to them, which we shall
manifest upon any occasion, and you shall by them and all other
ways inform yourself of the strength of their armies, of the
greattirss of their fleets, of the revenue of the crown, by which it
is enabled to support that great expense.
2. Since you know one of the principal advantages we pro-
pose to ourself by this entire conjunction with Portugal is the
advancement of the trade of this nation and the enlargement
of our own territories and dominions, in order thereunto you
sball use all diligence to inform yourself of the true interest by
trade between this kingdom and Portugal itself and how the
same may be improved ; and to that purj^ose you must be sure
to conserve all the privileges already granted to our merchants
diere, and to improve the same as there shall be occasion.
3. Tou shall prepare all things in readiness for the delivery
of the Island of Bombaim in the East Indies into our hands
against the month of November, when our fleet shall be ready
to set sail for the receiving thereof and shall call at Lisbon for
all necessary orders thereunto ; and you shall very earnestly press
that Bassine may likewise be put into our hands, which we
insisted on in our demand, and understood by the answer made
to us that the Ambassador had had power committed to him
to have consented to the same, but he protesting against having
any huch power prevailed with us to leave the same out of the
treaty. Therefore you shall confer freely with him upon it and
let him know that we depend upon him still to assist us in the
procuring thereof; and in the managing those instances you
shall govern yourself by his advice, and if he doth wish that you
should for the present suspend any such demand, as presuming
that it cannot be reasonable or effectual, you shall forbear it
accordingly.
4. Tou shall inform yourself the best you can of the true
present condition of the Portuguese in the East Indies, and what
their returns from thence are ; and if vou find that Gk)a is so
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besieged by the Dutch that Portugal receives no benefit from
thence, nor is able to have a trade with it^ you may easily repre-
sent how impossible it is for their own subjects there lone to
acquiesce under such a restraint, and that if the same were Uke-
wise put into our hands, it would be presently freed from the
Dutch, and then Portugal would have all the benefit of trade
from dience as if it were in their own hands : and if they shall
desire that we would take Qt)a into our possession by setting up
our standard there, it may be done in such a manner, and with so
small a garrison, as can be no bridle to that populous aty £rom
paying their allegiance to the Kin? of Portugal. Toward this
and all arguments of this nature, tneir weakness to withstand
the Dutch and the danger of haying all those dominions fall
into their hands must be the principal motives, and therefore
must bc: carefully understood by all the means you can use, in
the meantime you are to prosecute all that is necessary for the
settling the English factories there according to the treaty.
6. You shall take all the ways you can to inform yourself of
the power of Portugal in Braeil and the West Indies, what their
dominions are in those parts, how possessed and how governed,
how the trade is settled between that and Portugal, and then
how those commodities which come from thence to Portugal are
afterwards distributed over the world. You shall inform yourself
what quantity of sugars are yearly brought from thence into
Portugal, what duties it pays there, how much is spent within
that kingdom, and whither the rest is sent and in what ships,
whether the trade be driven from thence only by Portuguese,
or by whom else, and in what bottoms ; in a word the chief end
of this particular enquiry and disquisition is that you may
thereby discern whether it may be practicable that the Englisn
may engross to themselves the sole trade of sugar, taking the
whole commodity at a price, and we being bound to send our
fleet to Brasil, and therewith to convoy such a proportion of
sugar to Portugal as shall every year he assigned to that con-
sumption, and may then transpcnt the rest whither shall seem
best. You have had so much said to you upon this argument
by those who manage that design that there need be no more
enlargement upon it in this place.
6. You are well informea of the carriage of the Portugal
Ambassador in Holland, who having done us as much hurt as lie
could there is now gone to Lisbon with a resolution to do us as
much more as he can ; and, therefore, you shall do all you can
to discredit lum with the King and Queen-mother, and let them
know that we look upon him as a person of manifest disaffection
to us ; that he did not only neglect complying with us in all we
desired, but we are sure snowed our letters to De Witt, and
imparted to him whatever we sent to him, and therefore we
neglected to answer his last letter. That for the peace with
Holland, we are free from wishing that Portugal should omit
the maldng such a peace as they find necessary for their preser-
vation, but we cannot be pleased that ever Holland shall be
admitted to enjoy the same privileges in trade with our subjects,
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since we are sure the alliance we make with Portugal and the
hazard we run thereby merits that there should be some distinc*
tion between us iu those concessions ; and, therefore, you shall
use all your diligence, and call in the Ambassador the Conde
de Ponte to your aid, that such an equality between us and our
subjects and the Dutch be not accepted and confirmed by the
King of Portugal, but that by virtue of that article whereby
it is provided that nothing in this treaty with the Dutch shall
contradict anything that is agreed with the English, that prefer-
ence and privilege to our subjects in trade may be preserved :
and you shall use all .your credit, and desire the Queen-mother
and even our wife to appear avowedly in it if there be cause,
that the Count of Miranda be not suffered to return Ambassador
into Holland, as a person we look upon as disaffected to us and
consequently not fit for that employment. Given at our court at
Whitehall the 23rd day of August, 1661, in the thirteenth year
of our reign.
You shall recommend in our name to the Queen Regent our
good mother as occasions shall be offered the interests of Russell
in that court. Sign Mamial, countersiffned by Secretary Morice.
Copy. Z\ pp.
Charles IE. to Sm Bichabd Fanshaw.
1661 [August] — ^Instructions for our trusty and well-beloved
servant, Sir Ilpchard] F[anshaw], Enight, presently dispatched
by us in quality of our envoy extraordinary to Portugal the
[ ] of [ ]. 1661.
1. Ton shall speedily repair to Lisbon — ^winds and weather
favouring — ^in our good ship the Princess y under the command
of Captain Hall, who hath received orders from our dearest
brother, the Duke of York, to transport you thither.
2. After you have presented our credentials — ^herewith
delivered to you — ^we will that you shall use such speech to the
King of Portugal our good brother, and to our good moAer the
Queen Regent there, as may testify our high transport of joy
for the marriage we have lately concluded, with a firm purpose
and desire on our part not only to conserve the good amity that
is betwixt us and him our said brother, and consequently to
preserve concord and mutual intercourse betwixt the subjects
of both crowns, according to the good treaties that remain betwixt
us for that intent, but to improve the same from time to time
a^ occasion shall be offered, requesting their license for you to
address yourself unto our dearest consort in that dutiful and
reverential posture which is permitted to subjects and servants
by a Queen of England, with our letter — ^herewith likewise
delivered to you for her — and with what else you have in
command from us.
3. Tou shall acquaint our said dear wife — our never to be
doubted love and affection to her person being first expressed —
tihat our intent in sending you at this present thus qualified
with our authority is principally and only in order to her more
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speedy embarkation and honourable conveyance to these her
langdoms by your preparing there for the Earl of Sandwich,
and by your soliciting her royal brother and mother to dispose
her will to endure an absence of so dear and excellent relations,
and to apply the concurrent authority of that crown to expedite
all things tJiat shall be on their part necessary and conducing
to the prosperity and lustre of this voyaga
4. You shall .present unto our dear wife from us [as] a small
earnest of our love the particulars following, viz. : \jpairtiio%dars
not filled ni].
5. You shall — ^with all due respects and deference to his
person and qualitjr — communicate and co-operate with the Earl
of Sandwich in all matters of our service, particularly as to the
speedily conducting our dear wife, where with great impatience
we shall expect her.
6. As to the monies and goods — ^part of our wife's dowry —
which are by virtue of the marriage treaty to be delivered on
board before her embarkation, you are to do as f oUoweth, vis. :
[blank space].
7. You shall, in this same quality of o\ir Envoy Extraordi-
nary, with all dutiful observance and diligence imaginable attend
the service of our dear wife in the Admiral's ship with her, and
so until her arrival in our presence, unless the necessity of our
service — ^which will be hers likewise — shall oblige you to stay
behind in the quality of our ambassador resident in that court,
in whic^ case it shall suffice that having first been presented
with that character by the Ecu^l of Sandwich at his parting
audience, you attend our said wife on board until she be under
sail.
8. In case you shall — as in the next foregoing instruction —
stay behind with the character of our ambassador resident with
that Einf , you are hereby authorised to receive and detain in
your haDds, out of the dowry monies in the 6th foregoing article
mentioned, the sum or value of 1, sterling by way of
advance for the ordinary allowance of the first half-year of your
Emba^y at 61. per diem to be reckoned from the day you shall
be presented in that quality as aforesaid, in discharge of so much
to grow due to you out of our Exchequer by virtue of your privy
seal upon that account.
9. You shall deliver to our right trusty and right well-beloved
cousin and Councillor the Earl of Sandwich — our Ambassador
Extraordinary to Portugal — ^at your first meeting our credentials
and instructions herewitn delivered unto you for him, advertising
him thereof by letter, as also of what else you shall conceive
requisite for our service that he know, by such opportunities of
conveyance to him as you may happen upon in the int^im.
1(^. You shall deliver unto our good brother, the Eing of
Portugal, the treaty between us, bearing date the — of
1661 ; and herewith delivered unto you likewise for that purpose
ratified by ourself under our hand and Great Seal of England.
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And you are to see the counterpart thereof ratified tnere in like
manner by our said brother, and transmitted to us, if not done
before your arrival." Draft in Fanshaw^s hand, 4 pp.
King Charles II. to the King of Poktugax.
1G61, August 30. Hampton Court — ^Announcing the appoint-
ment UJ9 orobinary ambassador for the time being of Sir Richard
Fanshaw, Latin Secretary and Master of Kequests, late Am-
bassador Extraordinary to the Court of his Portuguese Majesty.
Signed, Latin, 1 p,
Eaal of Sandwich to Snt Bichabb Fakshaw.
1661, September 22. Aboard the Royal James — Stating that
his ships will be in readiness to sail on Tuesday next, and
mentioning a " bull-running," which he hopes to see. Tom.
Holograph. ^ p.
Chakles II. to Sir Eichaad Fanshaw.
1661, October 11. Whitehall — The plenipotentiary Extraordi-
naiy of the King of Sweden here, the Lord John Frederick Van
FriesendorS, has a cause at law depending in Lisbon, and as
the King, his master, haa no resident there, we desire you to
confer with the Lord Ambassador Francisco de Melo, the Earl
of Ponte, and to do what you can to bring the business to a happy
issue. Noted hy Fanshaw : " True copy, the original remaining
with me, and upon it the impression of his Majestrps royal signet.'*
1 p.
Eabl of Sandwich to Sm Bichabd Fanshaw, Envoy Extraordi-
nary to the King of Portugal.
1661,November 7-17. Tangier Bay — " This is only that no
ship should cpme from hence but that you should have some
advice of our station. I continue riding here for the same ends
as before, but as yet we have not discovered over here any news
of the fleet from England We hear the Prince of Spain is dead,
and that the Queen is lately brought to bed of another Prince,
which hath caused great joy in the Spamsh parts hereabouts."
The ships are in haste to be gone, so I can add no more.
Holograph. Seal of arms. \ p.
Queen Oatheeine to Charles II.
1661, November [18-]28. Lisbon— Stating that she takes
advantage of Sir Richard FanshaVs return to England to procure
news of his Majesty, for which she is so anxious that the voyage
of the Envoy might seem rather the contrivance of her passion
than to negotiate the affairs of Portugal. Draft translation in
Fanshavfs hand, 1\ pp.
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ad
Queen Cathi&ine to Cuakles II.
[1661, November 18?]— "My lord and husband, 1 shall take
it for a particular favour that your Majesty for mv sake would
be pleased to bestow upon the bearer hereof, Sir Kichard Fan-
shaw, some considerable office in my household, the which he
himself may propose unto your Majesty, being such as your
Majesty shall find him capable of, for the well (sic) that his
deportment hath appeared to this court, and me cheerful-
ness wherewith he undertakes this voyage at my com-
mand for the service of this crown. And likewise that
iour Majesty would be pleased to grant unto his wife,
)onna Anna, the office to be that woman of my bed-
chamber, unto whom it belongs also to be Lady of the
Jewels, and that this favour may be granted her, as well for the
services of her husband, whom your Majesty doth so graciously
own, as for her much virtue and particular Qualifications, which,
I am informed, are found in her person for tne discharge of that
employment." Translation in Fanshaw^s hand. 1 p.
The Eabl of ChABXswm to Sot Richard Fanshaw.
[1661], December 6. Worcester House — *' I hare little to add
to what I wrote by Mr. Church [the which?] you will easily
believe when I tell you that from the minute I gave him my
letters I was carried to my bed, and have ever since lived in that
torment that I cannot yet stand more upon my feet than upon
my head. We all promise ourselves that we shall shortly see
our royal mistress here, concerning whom I know you will enter-
tain me at large when we meet, which your friends say will be
speedily and that you are resolved to come away with the Queen.
I will not be so unkind as to dissuade you from anything you
think good for yourself, nor will you take it ill of me for not
thinking as you do, so I do not hinder you from doing as you
desire, only I pray think of some person fit to be sent thither
as soon as you come away, for it will be absolutely necessary
always to have a minister in that court, and we shall want one
there when our fleet for the East Indies passes by in February
next. I pray consult with my Lord Sandwich — ^which I have
forgot to mention in my letter to him — about explaining, or
rather improving those articles in the treaty which concern our
freedom of trade to the Brazil and West Indies. We did press
some liberty in the point of license and conduct money, which
though not yielded to in terminis, the Queen of Portugal did send
the Xing word that there should be such a private allowance
another way in that affair, which should be equivalent to what
we proposed. The ambassador will inform you (and so will the
Bishop Russell) more exactly in this, and then 1 would be glad
you could so state our privileges with reference to that trade that
we might engage a company here to that undertaking, which I
find easy to do, upon a little more encouragement You are
enough instructed in the business of the sugar to make at least
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such approaches to it as to discover what is practicable in that
kind, and I must tell you I do expect to find you marvellously
learned in that whole trade of the East and West Indies, how to
make both of more use to us, and particularly how a constant
trade to Goa may be advantageous.
I am so tormented with pain and business that it is not possible
for me to remember all I should say.
I have written to my Lord Sandwich to settle all difEerences
there amongst the merchants, that they may submit to the
Consul in all that is just; the man, — Mr. Maynard — hath
deserved well of the King, and was first sent thither in Crom-
well's time, by his Majesty's leave and direction, therefore,
nothing upon that account ought to be a reproach to him. Say
all things from me of ceremony and kindness to the ambassador,
who is a worthy man, I think. To yourself, I say no more than
what I dare swear you believe, that I am unalterably your most
affectionate servant.
Postscript, — I perceive I have forgot to say anything of this
good bearer, Mr. Montague, who is sworn Master of tne Horse
to our royal mistress. I am sure I need not recommend him to
your friendship, and you will take all occasions to insinuate the
quality and right of that office whenever the In[fanta] walks
abroad." Hdograph, 3 pp,
Frey Domingo del Rosakio* to the Duke of Ormond.
1661, December [T-]17. Lisbon — "Noething is soe wellcome
unto me as the honnor of your Excellency his commaunds, for I
doe love and worship extreamely your person, and generalUe all
your highly-renowned howse and familie." I have presented your
request to both Queens, and they answered with civility that
nothing shall be denied to you if the King does not mislike it,
but they cannot resolve anything without his approbation.
" I pray pardon my bouldnes in presenting soe smale a thinff as
them twoe leetle barels of aranges to soe high a personage ; it is
but a token of love." I dare not write to the Duchess, but I
shall always be her passionate servitor and yours. Seal of arms,
\p.
Queen Catherine to Charles II.
1661, December [12-]22. Lisbon — ^Very dear husband and
lord, only the pleasure of receiving a letter from you can com-
pensate me for the pain which the lack of it has cost me, for
as I know not how to live without this solace any delay is very
distressing to me. I need not tell you how much I value it, nor
the joy with which I have greeted the arrival of Mr. Hugh
Cholmeley, whose commission is the best guarantee for his wel-
come. Not to delay my gratitude for your kindness, I send this
reply by Sir Richard Fanshaw, — ^who is setting out very shortly,
I Know not whether stimulated more by my wishes or by the
importance of the business on which he goes — so that, as I cannot
have the happiness of myself assuring you of my affection, he may
* Coiif«BBor of the Queea-Re^^ent. By birth an IriflliiDaii, of the name of (yDokj,
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testify to you my solicitude, and be the means of alleviating it
^y Pegging you to let me hear from you as continually as I pray
to God to bring the fleet quickly to carry me to your presence,
when, seeing you, my longings will be at an end. Meanwhile
I beg God to give prosperity to your life, upon which all my
happiness depends. Portuauese. Holograph f 1 p. With
transUdion into Spa/nish by Fanshaw.
Lyonell Fansiiaw to 8iK Richard J^'anshaw.
i661[-2], January 8-18. Lisbon — ^I hope your Honour is safe
in England by this time, in spite of contrary winds, and that
iou have found her ladyship ana the little ladies in perfect
ealth. After you left I went to the Quinta and paid off the
lacqueys, excepting the two whom you gave me leave to keep.
I am allowing them 80 realfi a day, which is the same that the
Gonde de Ponte allows to his. I have not yet got your litter into
my custody, but have seen the currier about it. Thomas de
Cruce and Mr. Bird went with me, and we think the gilding
overhead looks very well. Mr. Halbord has gone from Cadiz to
Tangier. His business in Cadiz was with a letter from the Earl
of Sandwich to desire the release of one Major Stephens, — taken
by the Spaniards near Jamaica, — ^which he obtained. We hear
that *'thb Governor of Tituan's brother comes often on board
my Lord of Sandwich to desire a friendly commerce with the
English, and offers twenty miles distance round about Tangier to
be at their disposal." Sir John Lawson, Sir Richard Stainer
and others are said to have made great purchases of houses at
Tangier.
'' Antonio de Sousa * hath lately married the young Baron, his
son — ^by proxy — ^to a very beautiful young lady of high birth,
himself being prosy for his son," but Mrs. Fitzgerald told me
* that the young lady was in a monastery and woidd not come out
till they had granted her some things which were not included
in the agreement before marriage, but since that I hear that
some ycung nobles, accompanied with the Conde de There, stood
in ois way when he went to receive her, and woidd not suffer
him to ffo any further, giving him very reproachful language,
for whicn it is said some are put in prison.'
It is reported that the Spaniards are drawing towards the
borders with sixteen or> twenty thousand men, and that the Mar-
ques de Marialva,t the Marques de Nice,t the Conde de Thore
and other nobles are preparing for the field.
On the 14th Mr. Cholmeley and the Consul had audience of
both the Queens, and after dinner they went to visit some persons
of quality, who are in prison at Bellyne for threatening revenge
on each other for the death of a gentleman killed in a tennis
court. The Duke de Carevall II is banished the court for refusing
* Antonio de Sousa de Maoedo, Secretary of State, formerly Besidiont in Eng-
kmd.
t Dom Aotooio Lois de M^n^s^ Oonde de Oantaniiede ; created Marqttes de
MArialTa m 1660, and generalissimo in Aieotejo in 1662.
* Don Lni0 Vaeoo de Gama, Oond^ de Vidignieni, Miarqttee de Niza.
'1 Nnfk> AiTarte Pereira, Dnqoe de CadaTall, Karqnes de FeraiTa, Mnbassador eztra-
orcboftiy fvom Poitiigal to Franoe m 1667.
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to apprehend them and answering the King that it was not his
office. 1 heard yesterday that the Count de Schonberg is ordered
here from the frontiers, but do not know why. Mr. Price and 1
are sensibly advanced in the language of this country and hope
to do you service with it hereafter. 4 pp.
Ali<onso, King of Portugal, to his brother, Charles II.
1662 [March 24-]April 3rd. Lisbon — Stating that in 1657 he
had promised Mr. John Boche, — an Irish gentleman, who for
some years had assisted Frey Domingo del Bosario, elected Bishop
of Cimbre, in negotiations with the Crown of France — a place in
the service of the Infanta Catherine when she married; and
praying the King therefore to admit him to a fitting post abtiut
the no V Queen of England, making him page of the ^ack-stairs
until a better place is vacant. Signed hy the Queen Mother.
Translation. 1 p.
The Queen of Portugal to her much loved cousin, the Earl
OP Clarendon.
1662, April [11-]21. Lisbon — ^In my letter to the Queen I
sent greetings to your Excellency. The Conde de Ponte, Mar-
ques de Sande, is now going to your court as ambassador extra-
ordinary, and as the affairs of this kingdom always meet with
your support and favour — ^f or which I owe, give, and always shall
give thanks to your Excellency — I beg and hope that the matters
of which he has to treat may receive the same, he having orders
to do nothing without your approbation and directions. 1 entreat
your Excellency to be good enough to listen to and direct him,
assuring you that my son will always be very grateful for your
kindness. Portuguese. Signed. \ p.
The Queen of Portugal to her son [in-law], Charles II.
[1662, April] — ^These last days have passed sorrowfully enough,
with two enemies, the absence of the Queen and my anxiety
concerning her scrfetjr on the sea. For the first only God can
comfort me, but as to the second I implore your Majesty to tell
me that she has arrived safely and how your Majesty likes her.
How she likes your Majesty I do not ask, for I know
it without hearing. These last days of her voyage the winds
have been so strong that a Ught vessel, which I sent after her
the day following ner departure, has returned without seeing
anything of the fleet. All difficulties and dangers will be easily
overcome for the pleasure of your Majesty's company. Spanish.
Holograph. ^ p.
Queen Catherine to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1662, May 6. The Admiral's ship — ^Having resolved to send
M. de Montague, my master of the horse, to enquire after the
health of my lord the King and to give an account of my voyage
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I take the opportunity of sending this letter to you, to assure you
of my esteem and of my hope soon to see you in restored health.
Portuguese. Copy by Fanshaw, \ p.
Sm BicHAiiD Fanshaw to [the Mabuu£s de SandePJ.
1662, May 8. London — ^I pray you not to impute iu to lack
of loyalt}' or zeal that I and my wiie are not amongst the first
to kiss our Queen's hands upon her landing. I am comforted
for this by the hope that we shall both have the honour of doing
so before we leave for Portugal, and also that the Queen will
retain us amongst the number of her servants, although about
this I do not know what to say, as I find all places occupied
and to my wife's pretensions the King has not answered either
yes or no. If the Queen will be pleased of her great kindness
to repeat by word of mouth the request which she made in
writing, no doubt our ambition will be gratified, as everything
depends upon her Majesty and your Excellency. Sparmh,
Draft. 1 p.
Lo&i> Chancelloe Clarendon to Queen CAXiiEitiNjtf.
1662, May 9. London — The news of your Majesty, brought
by Mr. Montague, together with a letter from your royal hand
for me have caused me the utmost content, only exceeded by that
of the King, my master, and of the entire kingdom. I should
immediately have started for the port to be amongst the iirst
to do homage to you, but for lack of health and excess of business.
Nevertheless, I shall encourage myself with the hope that I may
not be the last of ihis court who will enjoy that pleasure and
comply with the obligation which all — ^and none more than my-
self — ^havetoyour Majesty, whom God has brought safely to this
your kingdom. Spanish. Draft in Fanshavfs hand. \ p.
The 8am£ to the Same.
1662, May 17 — Your Majesty's letter would have sufficed to
bring me to life if I were dead, how much more then to comfort
me when ill. Indeed I should at once have set out slowly for
Portsmouth had I not been detained both by the commands
and the affairs of the King, who — ^being the most indulgent
master in the world, — strictly forbids my accompanying him after
the dig^solution of Parliament to be a witness oi the happiest
interview which has ever taken place. Fortunately his Majesty
permits me all that you command, namely, to be present at your
arrival at Hampton Court, where already, by his royal orders,
all is ready for your Majesty's reception, at which I shall not
fail, for all that I am worth. I say nothing of my desire to serve
you, for the bearer, Sir Bichard Fanshaw, is a man of known
veracity, and he will stand sponsor for this. Spanish. Draft
by Fanshaw. 1 p.
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Chaales II. to his brother [in-law], the King of Portugal.
1662, May 23. Portsmouth— Your Majesty'a of the 2l8t of
last month has come to my hands. Having robbed you of the
brightest jewel of your crown to adorn my own I must employ
all my powers in defence thereof, and so you will have gained
a brother without losing a sister, who, although lost to your
sights will never lose you from her memory. We both pray
that God may grant long life to your Majesty. Spanish,
Draft hy Fam^shaw. \ p.
Charlbs II. to his mother [in-law], the Queen of Portugal.
1662, May 23. Portsmouth — Being now freed from dread of
the sea and enjoying in this spring time the company of my
dearest wife I am the happiest man in the world and the most
enamouied, seeing dose at hand the loveliness of her person and
her virtues, not only those which your Majesty mentioned in
your letter — simplicity, gentleness and prudence, — ^but many
others also. These tUn^ oblige me to think of the interests
and procure the tranquillity of her beloved country, as will be
seen by my deeds and by the orders and powers which .1 give to my
ambassador, whom, on arriving at Hampton Court, I shall dis-
patch to that of Portugal. And I wish to say of niv wife that I
cannot sufficiently either look at her or talk to her. May the good
God preserve her to me and grant your Majesty long years of life,
in which to be a comfort to us both. Spanish, Draft hy
Fanshaw. f p.
Luis a, Queen of Portugal, to her son [in-law], Charles II.
1662, June [20-]30. Lisbon — ^This evening there has come to
my hands a letter from your Majesty of November 15th of last
year, but why did I not receive another by this ship which has
brought me so much pleasure and still more in the news which
the Queen, my dearly loved and precious daughter gives me of
the health of your Majesty and oi the happiness wmch, thanks
be to God, she enjoys in your company, with which she is so
content that if she were not so sober she would believe she was
going mad, so well does your Majesty know how to make a wife
happy. To see her so greatly consoles me for her absence, but
you owe it to me to comfort me by your letters, which I beg for
as the best remedy for my sorrow.
The treaty did not fail on our part, for we did all we could,
as we always shall do in your Majesty's service, my subjects
desiring heartily to assist me therein. I have no more to say
save that I cannot tell which of the two is more my child, the
Queen or your Majesty, to whom may God grant many years of
life. Spanish. Holograph, 1 p.
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Alfonso, Kino of Portfgal, to King Charlbs II.
1662, [June 21-]July 1. Lisbon — Announcing that in c5on-
sideration of the state of the kingdoms and to relieve the burden
resting upon his mother the Queen, he has taken upon himself
the government^ that his frontiers are invaded by three powerful
armies of the enemy, and that it would be very well if the
English ships could make a diversion in Galicia while the troops
duccoured Alentejo under the Earl of Inchiquin, in whose ex-
perience and valour he has every confidence. Also praying that
the succours which have not yet arrived may be sent, as even
all is not as much as his kingdoms have need of to resist so
powerful an invasion. Portuguese. Signed. 1 p.
The Sake to the Same.
1662 [June 21-] July 1. Lisbon — ^Rejoicing over his sister's
happiness, stating that the promised succours are very much
neeaed, in consequence of tne invasion of three armies of the
enemy, and expressing the hope that with their help he may have
the success which has always attended English arms in Portugal.
Portuguese. Signed. Endorsed hy Clarendon, " Eing of Portu-
gal," and hy Fam^haWy toUh nMes of the contents. 1 p.
Lttisa, Queen op Portugal, to Charles II.
1662 [June 22.]July 2. Lisbon— Tlie Earl of Inchiquin
has'arrived with four hundred horse, besides a hundred and fifty
which had arrived before. The infantry has not yet come, but
we hear that it will be here in a few days. They come at a verv*
opportune time, for most people declare that the enemy will go
to war this year as they have done in all former ones. Some
ships have also arrived. May your Majesty live a thousand
years for your remembrance of me and the troubles of these
kingdoms. The Earl, the troops and the ships shall all have
good entertainment, not only as regards the payments which you
demanded, but in everything, as the ministers of the King, my
son, will not be wanting in anvthing which they believe to be
for the service and pleasure of your Majesty. That God may
guard you is the earnest desire of your mother. SpanisL
Holograph. Endorsed hy Clarendon, The Queen of Portugal."
Charles II. to Philip IV., King of Spain.
1662, July 14. Hampton Court^ — ^Letter of credence for Sir
Bichard Fanshaw, Bart., Master of Bequests, Secretary of die
Latin tongue and member of the Council of State. Latin.
Signed hy the King and countersigned hy Secretary Moriee.
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Queen's dowry.
1662, July 19-29. Statement by Duerte da Silva— The King
of Portugal obliged himself to give two millions of Portuguese
crowns to King Charles II. as the Queen's dowry ; die first million
to be delivered on board the navy royal coming for England
either in specie or, if that were wanting, in sugar, diamonds or
other effects. '^ And in regard it did not accommodate the King
of Portugal to send all in moneys he sent jewels, sugars,
diamonds, gold and silver, credit bills of exchange and the cus-
toms of four ships which unladed in this kingdom that came
from Brazil directly, contrary to order." On account of this
first million I have paid 218,785 crowns, partly in money, partly
in ammunition for the navy going to Algiers, and for the remain-
der the King of Portugal sent me to England with the effects
mentioned to sell them and give satisfaction to his Majes^, who
representing his present need of some of the money, 1 paid
3B,250Z. sterling ; viz. : Sir Thomas Vyner, 22,000Z. ; the Gentle-
men of the Bedchamber, 8,250Z. ; the Commissioners for Ireland,
4,000/. , and his Majesty, 1,000Z. ; and obliged myself to pay the
Duke of York 20,(J()0Z., of which this week I shall make up
10,000?., " and have told my Lord Ashley that I will pve satiB-
faction to the 34,000Z., which Alderman Baokwell, Sir Thomas
Vyner and Meynell is to have, all which makes up the sum of
89,250Z. [andl with what was paid in Portugal will be in value
worth more than 760,000 crowns, with which I am not able to
understand what I am told, that I pay nothing, being that I have
to this sum assisted with my credit a great parcel of moneys,
so that till the jewels be not [^sic] sold and the duties of the
Brazil ships be not recovered I cannot anticipate myself with more
payments. But at the same instant that I shall sell any of diem
shall deliver in the moneys, for I do not use to traffic with what
is not my own. And as touching the reduction of the Portugal
crowns ic sterling moneys " I conceive that they should be received
at their value as the current money of Portugal. Copy in
Fanshaw^s letter hooh, 2^ pp.
Charles II. to his brother [in-law], the King of Portugal.
1662, August 7. Hampton Court — ^I have received two of
yours, both of the 1st ult. and a duplicate of one of them. The
one replies, by way of congratulation, to what I wrote to your
Majesty of the happiness of my life with my beloved wife, and
the other speaks of the present troubles of Portugal, which, now
that you have taken the sceptre into your own hands, I consider
to be already almost remedied, so much is done by the personal
intervention of Kings, and the more so, as your Majesty will be
able to avail yourself — as I gather from the same letter that you
'^n do — of the experience of our most prudent mother, who, it
appears to me, neither ought nor will wisn, as the natural mother
of your Majesty and the nursing mother of the renewed liberty
of Poi-tugal, to prefer her own ease to such just obligations. I,
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for my part, will not fail in my promised succours, so that if one
thing fails the other will be more than sufficient. Those which
were lacking when vour Majesty wrote have now — as I am
assured by letters oi more recent date which came in the same
ship — duly arrived, and I cannot fear either that they will fail
to imitate the valour of their ancestors in the service of your
crown or your Majesty the generosity of yours in your treatment
and rewarding of them, the bearer of this, my ambassador, Sir
Richard Fansnaw, serving as a reminder for bodi and giving
himself entirely to your royal service. God grant you many years
of life. Spanish, Two drafts hy Fanshaw. 1 p
Lord Chancellor Qlarbndok to Alfonso VI., King of
Portugal.
1662, August 7. Hampton Court — This goes by the hand of
the ambassador, Sir Bichard Fanshaw, for whom I will be surety
that he is a gentleman devoted both to your Majesty and to the
Portuguese nation — ^his knowledge of which induces the King,
my master, to s^ud him to that Court — and I am persuaded that
he would be surety for me in the same way, nor can there be
any doubt whatever that according to our power, when occasion
offered, I should redeem his pledge and ne mine. I will say
no more now save may God guard and give prosperity to your
royal person and to all that belong to you. Spanish, Copy hy
Fanshaw. \ p.
Lord Chancellor Clarendon to the Queen of Portuoal.
1662, August 7. Hampton Court — The bearer of this, the
ambassador Sir Bichard Fanshaw, a gentleman who knows me
well, and who is not unknown to vour Majesty, excuses all ex-
pressiou here of my sincerity in soliciting and from time to time
urging on the advancement and satisfaction of the Crown of
Portugal, and of your royal person and that of the Queen, my
mi<*tress. But I am anxious with regard to those kingdoms, on
the one hand from what I have seen in a letter from the King
of Portugal to the King, my master, his Majesty commencing to
manage personally the government thereof, no doubt with the
design or easing in part the burden which your Majesty has
earned, and on the other hand because they tell me that you
mean entirely to free yourself from that weight, which if true
and if it continues, will not only deprive the King, your son,
of the most faithful, the most experienced and the most devoted
counsellor that his Majesty can ever have or hope for; but all
those, wheresoever they may be, who are sealous for the good
of Portupal. It will greatly conduce to the soothing: of my mind
if your Majesty can relieve me of this anxiety. That (jlt)d may
grant long life to your Majesty is the humble prayer of your
devoted servant. Spanish. Draft hy Fanshaw. 1 p.
Charles II. to his mother [in-law], the Queen op Portttgal.
1662, August 9. Hampton Court — ^I have received three
letters from your Majesty — ^two of the 30th of June and one of
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the 1st of July — almost at the same time, so that I can only pay
you little for much. This goes by the hand of Sir Bichard
Fanshaw, who is as well known to you to be a good Portuguese
as he i3 to us to be a man of worth and my trusty servant, and
who has been strictly charged to do his utmost both for the
Crown of Portugal and for your Majesty. I beg you to excuse
my saying more now, except that I pray God to grant you the
very happy years which I and my much loved wife desire for you.
Spanish, Copy in Fanshavf$ hand, \ p,
LiEuiENANT Colonel Fitzgerald to Sm Thomas Fanshaw.
1662, August [19-129. Tangier — ^I enclose a copy of Mr.
Bumbold's letter, which is well worth your consideration.
If it had come before Sir John Lawson's departure for
Toulon he would hardly have left us, though indeed he
could not well have stayed, for want of provisions. He
left me the Mermaid and Greyhound^ and the Norwich
is now at Sallee, "to countenance tiie affairs of Ben-
bucar,* upon which have come these results of the Spaniards,
and have forced Guylan to ask these succours mentioned in Mr.
Rumbold's letter." AVhen they know Sir John is gone they may
make some attempt upon us with their ships, but our garrison
is in a very good posture, our men in good health and heart, and
with provisions suflScient for a considerable time. 1 J pp,
Edward Bridgewood to John Creed, Secretary to the Earl of
Sandwich.
1662 [August 28-] September 7. Lisbon — ^I have been ill
almost ever since you left with the fleet and am not yet well, but
to keep up our friendships! will give you some information of what
has been passing here. " Our young King, Dom Alfonso, finding
himself * agravar'd ' with some of his old counsellors, has taken the
regiment of his kingdom into his own hands, placing and dis-
placing, banishing and degrading several of his nobility and
principiaJ officers, which gives very much discontent to the gentry
and has been the occasion that our soldiery have been received
so coldly, who although they are yet in the King of England's
pay, yet the money cannot be gotten in, which causes the soldiers
every day to be in an uproar, all being weary of the service,
wismng themselves at home again," and indeed they have reason,
for the misery they are like to go through will be very great.
My Lord Inchiquin gives passes to all officers who desire them
but not to any of the soldiers. Many commanders are gone or
going, and I could wish that his Majesty would be pleased to
preserve so many gallant men from the ruin which seems to await
them. Sir Richard Stayner is here with three or four prreat ships.
He has had a sore fit of sickness, but is now recovered. "It
is strange to me there should be so much neglect in the gentle-
• Ben Baker or Ben Br)wcaf (Cifi Mahanw^t Be«-el Hidge Ben Bowoar), a Moor-
isb chief, who had made himself master of Fez, Tetuan. fcc. bat had heen partly con-
quered in h» tarn 1^ Qaylan or Gayland, anottier chief, whose head qoafters were
nowat Anflla.
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men in England about victualling the fleet, not to take care
to supply them here with money or pay their bills in England."
Mr. Maynard is able to carry on ms business with the 20,000
crowns the general left him to receive, but there are many differ-
ences between him and Mr. Robert Cocke as to the supply of
the fleets, for two victuallers never do well together. My bill of
3,000/. i» paid at last, but it made ihy heart ache to see the
account of charges, spent in bribing great persons at Court,
** not so much for the monev as to see our eourtiers will do nothing
without such excessive bribes, in never so just a cause." 2 pp.
Sir George Carteret to Sir Richard Faxsiiaw.
1662, September 3rd. London — ^The bearer, Monsieur Arson,
lb the person of whom I spoke to you at Hampton Court, and
is going to Portugal to try to recover some debts. " He was very
kind unto all his Majesty's friends abroad ; and especially unto
me during my durance in the Bastile," and you cannot therefore
oblige me more than by helping him to recover his right in
a country where he is altogether a stranger. 1 p.
Sir Henry Bennet to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1662, September 8. London — "I willingly embrace any
occasion of assuring you of my humble service, which you may
freely command here or anywhere else when you have any use
of it This goes to you by the bearer. Fray Domingo del Rosario,
who hath prevailed with me to get the King to recommend him
to the Secretary of State, and will not be content unless I also
do the like myself for him to you. If what he asks of you
be reasonable 1 should be content he found my entreaties have
credit with you. With this occasion many of the inferior sort of
the Portuguese are dispatched, in appearance to their satisfaction.
I wish you may find it so there. Amongst the rest there goes
one Don Gasper de Sevila, who came lately hither. He saith he
shall have occasion of offering something to you when he is at
Lisboa, relating to the good of that kingdom. The King desires
fou should hear him if he do so, and that you would acquaint
im with it here particularly, and, if you think the matter re-
quires it, apart from your ordinary despatch." I make use of
the father's letter to tell you this, and if the King do not forget,
you will also have a word of it from him. Holograph. 2\ pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Consul [Maynard],
1602, September [18-]28. I have just received the letter
which Mr. Secretary wrote to you last night, and therein the
best newfe I have had since I arrived. I have been much pained
" that three days' ceremonies of public entertainment and recep-
tion (for so many were then understood necessary), must interpose
to suspend me from the honour of kissing his Majesty's hand,"
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and entering upon tKe pressing affairs of State, and as I now
understand that "for the treating with meals there is no such
custom in this Court as to ordinary ambassadors" I pray
eame'itly though gratefully that I may be excused as to the in-
tended supper. The truth is I am unfit to receive that honour
in the Quinta de AUeyro, the reception rooms there being dis-
furnished and encumbered with my own good8 in packs until I
remove to a more convenient house of my own. Also, as I told
you yesterday, " I never intended the female part of my family
should eat upon this account, by which means they would be
severed from me and driven into a corner, so upon the whole
matter I adhere to my suit that the intended supper may be
excused." Draft. 1 J p.
Eabl of Southampton and Lord Ashley to the Cotjncil of
State.
1662, September — ^Reporting the business of the four ships
trading to Brazil — ^viz., the Concord, Mr. John Band ; the Hector,
Mr. Andrew Rand; the Sampson, Mr. Hans Crowder; and the
Little I^exois, Mr. Anthony Maynard ; — ^which had returned to
England without paying tneir dues at Lisbon ; and advising that
the Portuguese Ambassador be moved for the speedy payment
of the balance of the million crusadoes, the first part of her
Majesty's portion, which, reckoning the crusado at Zs. Qd, —
whereas it has been proved that his Excellency himself received
3s. 7d. — amounts to 47,637Z., the time allowed having long
elapsed and the bankers in London, who have advanced the money
for his Majesty's public services, ** being much disappointed by
their so long attending for the same." Copy. 2| pp.
Brazil ships.
[1662, September P]-^Statement to the Portuguese Ambassador
that his Majesty and his ministers had at first determined to
remand to Lisbon the four Brazil ships which came into the port
of London, but the accredited agent of the King of Portugal,
Sir [Augustine] Colonel, requested that the duties might be
received here, in which he was joined by the ambassador's brother.
If the ambassador desires any order to the Commissioners of his
Majesty's customs, the Lord High Treasurer of England will give
his warrant accordingly. Copy in Fanshavfs letter hook
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sir Richard Panshaw.
1662, October [2-] 12 — ^Requesting a meeting with him at ten
o'clock the following morning at the Palace to confer upon the
business of the two Crowns. Portuguese. ^ p.
[Capt. Chris.} Mines* to [Lord Windsor].
1662 [October] 19 — Aboard the Centurion athwart the harbour
of St. lago. According to your Excellency's commands of the
* There are two letters of bis amongst the State Papers, both signed Chris. Myngs.
See Col. of S.P. Dm. Cha4. //., VqU. LXVII,, No. 28, (^nd XCVIJI., No. 1^.
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2l8t of 5 bre [7 ber] we set sail from Point Cagawav [Jamaica]
on the 22nd, but it was the 5th of October before we got
sight of the Castle of St. lago upon Cuba. We decided to land
under a platform two miles to windward of the harbour, the only
place possible to land and march upon the town on all that rocky
coast. We found no resistance, the enemy expecting us at the
fort, and the people flyi ng before us. Before we were all
landed it was nignt We were forced to advance into a wood,
and the way was so narrow and difficult and the night so dark
that our guides had to go with brands in their hands to beat a
path. By daybreak we reached a plantation by a river's side,
some six miles from our landing and three miles from
the town, " where being refreshed with water, daylight and
a better way, we very cheerfully advanced for the town "
surprizing the enemy, who hearing of our late landing,
did not expect us so soon. At the entrance of the town
the Governor, Don Pedro de Moralis, with two hundred men and
two pieces of ordnance, stood to receive us, Don Christopher, the
old Governor of Jamaica (and a good friend to the English), with
five hundred more, beine his reserve. We soon beat them from
their station, and with the help of Don Christopher, *' who fairly
ran away," we routed the rest. Having mastered the town we
took possession of the vessels in the harbour, and next day I
dispatched parties in pursuit of the enemy and sent orders to the
fleet to attack the harbour, which was successfully done, the
enemy deserting the great castle after firing but two muskets.
From the 9th to the 14th we spent our time in pursuing the
enemy, which proved not very advantageous, their riches being
drawn off so far we could not reach it. * The ill offices that town
had done to Jamaica had so exasperated the soldiers that I had
much ado to keep them from firing the churches." From the 15th
to the 19th we employed ourselves in demolishing the forts.
We found great stores of powder, 700 barrels of which we
spent in blowing up the castle and "the rest in country
houses and platforms." The castle mostly lies level with the
ground. " It was built upon a rocky precipice, the walls on a
mountain side some sixty feet high ; there was in it a chapel and
houses sufficient for a thousand men." We are now in safety in
the harbour on our return to Cagaway. Copy hy Lionel Fanshaw.
3 J) J). [Dated 7 hre 19/A 6y mistake. See Col, Cal, 1661-1668,
p. 109.]
Eabl of Inchiquin to Sra ilicHABD Fanshaw.
1662, October 20. Lisbon — ** Sir Eobert Leech, now come
[from] England, telling me that orders are come to continue the
fleet here mis winter under Captain Allin's command," and that
letters are come for you, I pray you not to commimicate anything
**to these people till we know by their instructions what they
would be at and that we have our money," lest they change their
resolutions. Holograph. \ p.
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Snt ItiCHAHD Fanshaw to Lord Ohancellor Clarendon.
1662, October [20-J30. Lisbon — Since sending my last
of the 10-20 by Col. Roscarrock I have received the King
of Portugal's propositions in reference to the succours
from England. The original being in Portuguese, I transmit
it in English, but papers in other languages I shall leave
in the original, ** his Majesty and vour Lordship understanding
them all perfectly well between you. At an audience to which I
was summoned, the King said he thanked the King, his brother,
for his offer of mediation between him and Spain, and meant to
make use of it, to which end the Conde Castelmelhor * (Secretary
de la puridad), would inform me of what had passed and was
passing in order to the said treaty. \_Marginy " Sir H. B, —
El Conde de Castelmelhor. Secretario de la puridad ; an office
nowhere but in Portugal, even here rarely taken up, and once
(by Don Sebastian) abolished, as too much to be put into any
one hand."] That evening the Count came to my house and
told me the following: —
In the time of the Regency of the Queen Mother, there arose
between Juan Nunez de Acuna in the Portuguese army, and Don
Luys de Meneses, \_Marffiny " Sir H. B. — ^His father (Conde de
Tarroro) was by King John upon his acclamation to govern
Tangier; carried his family with him, but landed in Anda-
lusia,"] a Portuguese by birth, but now general of horse
in Galicia for Spain (and created by the King of Spain Mar-
ques de Panalva), something of kindness, "as between enemies
there were not so to one another's persons,'' and from this " they
fell to wish a peace,'' and tried to bring it about, but without
any authority from their Eangs. They arranged four prelimi-
naries : —
1. That the treaty should be between the two Kings of Portu-
gal and Castile.
2. That the King of England should be mediator.
3. Cessation of arms.
4. Plenipotentiaries to treat on either side at some place on the
borders ; and with these propositions Nunez has now returned.
The Spaniards, however, objected to the first, urging that ** by
a preliminary " it brings in all that the Portuguese hoped for ;
and as to the second, they desired the Pope, but did not decline the
King of England. The third and fourth would follow as a
matter of course. Nunez is being sent back with orders to insist
on all four points, excepting that each King may sign Fo, d
ReT/y without other title. Don Luys told him in confiaence that
the desire for peace "proceeds originally from the Queen of
Spain,t with those that adhere to her, as the Duke of Medina de las
Torres,t Conde de Castrillo, Lon Luys de Angoren (now Secre-
• Don Luis de Souza Vasconcelloa.
t Marie- Anne of Austria, second wife of Philip IV.. and regent dnring the minor-
ity of her son, Charles IT.
* Don Ramiro Nuuez Felipez de Guzman, Marquee de Toral and Dnqae de Med-
ina de las Torres, chief minister of Spain.
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tary of State, sometimes of war, always a great negotiant witk
strangers)^ who, — considering how old and infirm her husband
is, how young and infirm her son; on the other side
the high and just jealousies which run upon Don Juan of
Austria,* especially if continuing at the head of a great army,"
who may pretend to the tutorship of the infant King, and
moreover tnat the King of France may also '' stickle for the
tutorship of him, and in case he fail, for the inheritance before
her daughter," — ^is anxious to secure the friendship of Portugal.
As to the mediation of the King of England, the Portuguese will
do nothing without it, hoping that by tenders of friendship to
them and menaces of open hostility to Spain his Majesty will
both facilitate the peace and menu the condition of Portugal,
they knowing that ** whatsoever accord they made, Spain would
make no scruple of breaking it the next day if he saw an advan-
tage, alleging that faith was not to be kept with his rebels."
As to the state of Tangier I refer you to a packet which
I am sending to Secretary Nicholas from Lord Peterborough.
Draft by Fanshaw in letter booh 4 pp. \Extracts from this and
the following letter y as also of those dated November 16 and 29,
made by Fanshaw for Sir Henry Bennety are in th^ Portugal
Correspondence at the Public Record Office.^
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1662, October [21-]31. Lisbon — ^I beg that only his Majesty
and yourself may see this, as if it came to the ears of the Portu-
guese that I was so diffident of their strength and of their
management either of the war or the treaty without his
Majesty's help, atU re, aut opere aut consilio bono, and they should
hear my complaints of the unkind and unskilful usage of our
troops they would never believe in my unfeigned zeal for their
service. The King of Portugal, in his propositions, plainly says
that without money from the King of England he cannot main-
tain the troops, and yet offers no ports, " either as pawns for re-
payment or as safe retreats and landing places for our men." At
present, to their great peril, they are scattered in distant quarters,
and some have already lost their lives by the hands of those
whom they come to serve. Moreover, they must be in-
dependent of any foreign command, except in specified
cases. "If this Crown would come roundly to sucn like
terms as I have newly hinted at here, after the ex-
ample of the Hollanders in Queen Elizabeth's time, who were
not then lower than Portugal is now in the judgment of all
that I can speak with but themselves, his Majesty might haply
consider of assisting them, as the Queen did the others, even to
a breach or hazard of a breach with Spain — ^which is one of this
King's propositions, especially if those particulars should be
clearly made out in proof, wmch I presume my Lord of Peter-
borough's despatch herewith to Secretary Nicholas imports " that
* Son of Philip IV. and the actreai Maria Calderon. <v
CoontrieB, now commtaudet of the army of Estnun&dnia. liate pernor of iftte Low
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Spain is leagued with Guylan, and had an ar^iada at Cadiz to
block up Tangier, if Sir John Lawson had not come opportunely
to prevent it. I conceive that the discourse of Cardinal D'Ossati,
in his printed letters to the French King from Borne, on the
taking of Cadiz by the English, is very pertinent to the present
occasion, concluding that it is now in the power of England, by
alliance with Portugal and the accession of Tangier, to work
much more woe to Spain than '' when the Earl of Essex possessed
himself of Cadiz ; and more than I judge it to be his Majesty's
either inclination or interest to do at this day, unless in defence
of his own,'' or securing his present rights and future possibilities.
For his present rights, the remainder of the Queen's portion is
still due, and for future possibilities, in case this King and his
brother should fail, the Crown of Portugal would, in right of the
Queen, '* devolve to his Majesty and their issue, and although
even when it came to that it might cost hot water to get it, yet
the same forecast which Philip II. used in as remote a possibility
might do much towards it, especially as English forces may re-
main here in number upon account of the Portugal King's
service, and perform it faithfully too, as long as either brother
should live or have posterity, without so much as secretly wish-
ing the male line should determine till the end of the world,"
altnough with England's power by sea the outlying dominions
of Portugal would be of more consequence to us than to this
Crown and nation. Now, if Spain " either beat or treat this King
out of his dominions in the whole or a part, besides the ex-
change of a brother in the throne for an enemy . . . and
besides the possible burden of royal guests at home, where will
be the rest of the portion, and that contingency I have men-
tioned ? " I assure your Ix)rd8hip I see no hopes of effecting
anything unless the Spaniard be either treated or beaten into a
peace. As to this King being treated out of his kingdom, I must
tell your Majesty that when I said to the Conde de Castelmelhor
that it seemed to me no small thing that the King of Spain
agreed that this King shotdd sign Yo, d Rey, he replied " that
the said King doth not scruple to suppose this. King of Brazil,"
but I could not ** get out of him whether there is the least inclina-
tion on the Portuguese part to consent thereunto." If so, it can
only be from utter inability to hold out another summer, and
it wotdd then be for our King to consider whether he should
exert his strength to prevent it. It is to be observed that in
these propositions the succours are only to be in case peace does
not follow, but even if Spain be now in favour of a treaty, I am
sure she would change her mind if the English trooT)8 were with-
drawn, whereas, if tiey were augmented, she ** woidd then be in
very good earnest, especially if our English were possessed, by
way of pawns or for retreat, of St. Uvall, Lagos, Faro and Oporto,
more or less, as should be agreed." A peace would be so un-
popular in Spain that if the Queen and her adherents really wish
lor it they would be glad of such an English power "visibly
hanging over their heads, as miffht seem to force them to con-
sent to what they most desire." I think his Majesty mjght send
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hire certain provisional propositions, as to 1, the advantageous
peace which Holland enjoys with the Spaniard, who would have
said in times past, am I a dead dog that 1 should do this thing ; 2,
what conditions Baron de BataviUe offered the King to divert the
marriage with Portugal ; and 3, what other conditions England has
been offered from Spain, '' not excepting the private tamperings
between Spain and Uromwell." I know many wise men think it
would be better for our King to await the death of the King of
Spain and then do what we like in the West Indies while the
Spaniards lure at broils amongst themselves, but before that Portu-
gal might be overrun or have her hands tied by a peace. News has
just come that an armada with the Duke of Abburquerque is sett-
ing lorth from Cadiz. If this is to block up Tangier '' there is the
war made to our hands. If they take it^ one of the best cards
for ours is trumped. If they aim at or should snap the
Brazil fleet or some of tbe towns of Portugal, here
were our friend lamed . . . when lulled asleep with
overtures of a treaty. If your Lordship will please to
look back upon the time when the l)uke of Alva over-
ran these kingdoms in the space of a few days, the Portugals
were then as confident and as much despisers of the Castilians,
even when they were masters of the field to the gates of Lisbon,
as now they are or can possibly be, and then, too, there was a
secret treaty disposing by one Jiiego de Carcamo, authorized by
both sides and by King Philip, really intended as to the giving
conditions to Don Antonio and the kingdom rather than drive
both into despair, but the Duke, who found it feasible and more
honour for him to conquer than to make any accord whatsoever,
handled the matter so that the said Antonio did or seemed him-
self to decline it until he was absolutely undone. All which —
taking their measures right — had been prevented if Portugal
had then in due time desired from England upon the like terms,
and Queen Elizabeth afforded them, such succours as she did to
Holland in the Uke distress, and what her Jiajesty gave Antonio
afterwards in vain — ^the Spaniard being prepossessed of all —
under the command of Sir John Norris, when — ^the tradition
says — ^the Earl of Essex stuck kis dagger in Lisbon gates and
himg his gold chain upon it.
Thus have I presumed to shake out before your Lordship a
world of rubbish, amongst which nevertheless, to my eye, even
upon a review, some few things do glister like reason, which
therefore I bring to the touch of your Lordship's judgment. I
beat a hundred bushes to start one hare, I vent a hundred follies
of my own to draw one acierto from your Lordship, this being
I am certain an honester project than to tell a lie to find a truth. '
Copy in letter book. 8 pp.
Snt EicHARD Fanshaw to liOBD Chancellor CLABEinx)^.
1662, [October 28-]November 7. Lisbon — ^You will remember
that on the 31st ult I spoke of the King of Spain's consenting
to this King's signing Yo, d Rey, and my suspicions thereupon.
'' Now for unriddling of all this, it is not two hoiirs since the Secre-
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tary of State told me that Castile would not stick to leave to this
Sing not only all the other dominions of this Crown, but even
Portugal itself, only with the title of Seiior de Portugal — ^I
should rather believe Conde, because of the first erection of it
by that title, into a sovereignty holding in fee of Castile — ^because
his Catholic Majesty would not at any rate admit of anv King
within Spain but himself, much less to treat one henceiorwaru
de magistad — ^but this I understand not neither if he would
allow him King anywhere — ^whom he hath formerly treated de
vosy^ but that this they would never consent to, preferring if needs
be to purchase their peace by a money payment to Castile. One
useful argument we may draw from ttds, that if Portugal can
pay Castue she can also pay our Queen's dowry and reimburse
the King for what he spends in a quarrel in which he has no
personal concern. I cannot venture '* to make myself an undertaker
in these matters, well knowing that things are not rational
because I judge them so, nor feasible here because they are
rational. These are a people — ^in the opinion of much wiser men
than I — ^so singularly jealous of their interests as to destroy very
often their interests by their jealousies. However, attempts of
this kind for the common good of England and Portugal " must
not be omitted '' since he that aims at the moon, though he shall
never hit her, shall shoot higher than he that levels at a bush."
Draft hy Fanshaw in letter book, 2 pp.
SiE BiCHAHD Fanshaw to Captain [Thomas] Allin.
1662 [October 29-]November 8. Lisbon — ^Having obtained
leave from the King of Portugal for the squadron under your
command to return to England, I pray you to proceed homeward
without delay. And as you and Capt. Spragg have consented,
at my request, to convey a quantity of sugar for the Earl of
Inchiquin in the Portland, I hereby avow that it is done by my
encouragement, " first, that the fleet is immediately homeward
bound together, without expectation of any fight; secondly,
though these are merchandise yet they are not merchants'
goods, which the instructions forbid; thirdly, the Earl of
Inchiquin could not possibly procure his own and the soldiers'
pay here in any other kind; fourthly, this pay was upon the
account of the King, our master, and of the Queen's portion/'
and so may be transported in the King's ships. God send you
a speedy and happy voyage. I hope we may see you with your
flag here again in the spring. Copy in letter book. 1 p.
Sir Richabd Fanshaw to Loed Chancelloe Clarendon.
1662, November [6-]16. Lisbon — ** On Sunday last a great
man of the Court, though none of the Council, giving me a visit
told me amongst other discourse that a gentleman, who had been
a secretary to Cardinal Masserin, was lately arrived from France,
lodging privately in Count de Chomberg's house, and that he
brings an offer of twenty thousand men to serve this King in
case fie vnll forbear concluding a feace with Castile, with other
assistances, I presiune he meant money.
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I have since taken occasion to visit the Conde de Castelmelhor,
Archbishop of Lisbon and Secretary, to see if any of them would
take notice to me of such a thing, being a matter that related
to the treaty, but none of them did.
This very day the Count de Chomberg, who had never come
at me before since this incognito arrived, though till then hardly
a day escaped him, brought the Monsieur to dinner to me, being
forthwith bound for France by the way of the Downs. A smart
young man he is, and one whose face I think I have seen before,
but it is not that secreta ry o f the Cardinal's who appeared so
active the last winter at Whitehall, unless he be much altered
since. The Court calls him Monsieur de Cameton ; but I pre-
sume that is not so like to discipher him, as the letting your Lord-
ship know that is the same who coming into England presently
after I left the Court — as himself tells me — ^would have had
Mr. CoventrVs letter to embark with me at Plymouth, but was
advised by nim rather to take that passage when the Conde de
Ponteval came, which he did, and by that account hath been
here privately treating and discovering ever since the 19th of
the last.
To apply which, though twenty thousand men be too great a
number to believe at once, either for the French to spare or
much less for Portugal to accept, considering that whenever tlie
French King could have a title to the Crown of Spain he would
consequently have a pretence to this of Portugal, and in truth
me thought this gentleman looked to-day so wistly upon and
talked so concernedly of the great beauty and commodiousness
of this desert port — of which I have a perfect and close view
?rom mv house — as if he thought his master — ^if it were his —
could find money enough in France to people it with ships;
jet something considerable of that kind is undoubtedly either
intended or pretended by the French to stop their proceedings in
the peace. For Monsieur le Comte de Chomberg was absolutely
going, until this person came — as my Lord Insiquin can certify —
and now stays, although this person is going.
Whilst I am writing, comes in to visit me a French sea captain
of my acquaintance, a person well versed here and of good obser-
vation. He tells me Monsieur de Cameton is Monsieur Colbert,*
sometimes Intendent de Finances a Brecage, and great confident
of the late Cardinal ; his brother — a greater — at this time one of
the two or three of greatest credit about the French King,
especially in the matter of revenue. That this gentleman
brought with him hither bills for sixty thousand crusadoes,
which were well answered, yet that he carries nothing away of
any moment ; that he goes away very well satisfied of this Court,
and — as the relator conceives — ^will return very shortly, indeed,
Count de Chomberg told me the gentleman was come upon some
private encouragement from Monsieur de Turene to discover
* Moofi. Charles Colbert dn Terron, Marquis de Bourbonne, Intendant of the
Marine and Coan«ellor oi Stnte. l%e siAfbesnent that ho wb0 a brother of the great
minkter is a mieteke.
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the state of things and inclinations here, with intimation that
when he came home with an account thereof lie should be owned
as occasion should require.
All these particulars put together with what is there further
known of the present interests and designs of several Princes and
States than can be to me here, I could humbly wish that his
Majesty and your Lordship would be at the trouble [to] read
over again upon this occasion Cardinal Bentivoglio's brief narrdr
tive in print del Trattato delta Tregua dd Fiandra. The which
gave me a light to foresee in my last despatches what I see already
acted in part whilst they are now upon their way.
1. There and here, a Sang of Spain the invader.
2. There and here, the invaded, a people whom he challengeth
for his subjects.
3. There and here, France straightly allied with the in-
vaded, yet making his own peace with Spain upon terms of high
advantage to himself, leaving his allies totally out
4. There and here, the Crown of England protecting and
assisting the deserted allies of France, bringing them thereby into
a capacity of treating with Spain upon honourable terms. If
it be doubted as to Portugal, I must vouch the Archbishop of
Lisbon, who took an occasion to tell me not three days since
that Spain would never hear of treating with them till this
alliance with England.
5. There and here, France — uncalled — ^interposing himsel
in the treaty ; here to frustrate it, there to reap to himself from
England the principal honour and advantage of making it, and
^o 1 do suspect here, too, if he shall see he cannot frustrate it.
I must confess, his Majesty being advertised whereby to make
his own uses thereof, I discern no harm in what the Jbrench are
doing, this heing such a rub to the treaty as I believe would make
it stumble on faster on the other side if there could be a way found
oul to assure oneself first and then ISpain of a real and timely
assistance from France, though but to the half of what is spoken
of, and if on this side it should stop upon that account — provided
their confidence thereof proved not vain — yet Portugal would sub*
sistf and so the miracle being done the less matter who did it, there
being respite to obviate such ill consequences as might come of that
by laying hold of other good opportunities which that might
minister in the interim.
But — as I feared in my last — our English troops are already
actually breaking, and that the worst way, a party being run
over to the Spaniard with six hundred crowns which they were
convoying to their fellows, unto whither all the rest are like to
follow, and which is worst of all — ^if we may believe a word
spoken in haste by a great minister, with very colourable reasons
to back it — ^their doing so, if not desired here as an ease, yet not
at all apprehended as a mischief to this Crown.
I am so much of the contrary opinion, as to tell them daily
as plain as I can speak it to themselves that I do believe, how
real soever the Spaniard may be now: — ^which I muck doubt, too,
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when I read of a treaty by the same Crown with Queen Eliza-
beth's Commissioners at Ostend and Burborough in the very year
of 88 whilst their great armada was getting ready — ^yet the run-
ning over of such and so many men woidd so change the case as
might make them take up quite contrary resolutions, and the
rather lor these undermimngs of Jf'rance, which are not so secret
neither but that in a hot comparison not long since at Madrid
about the right of precedency between those two Crowns, the
Conde de Castrillo telling the French Ambassador there — who
urged the submission at Paris upon that which happened in Eng-
land — that the King of Spain would speak with his master farther
concerning that matter when he should have finished the con-
quest of Portugal, the ambassador — who is a fiery Archbishop * —
replied, the King, his master, would find the way to defend that
kingdom well enough from his ; and it is said that this repartee
being very well relished by the young King and people, too, at
Paris, is not without a train after it, of which this private negotia-
tion of Monsieur Colbert is one. Whereunto nevertheless I
shall easily yield, there is much the less credit to be given, and
consequently my consent the rather to the demolishing of those
castles I have here built in the air, if your Lordship shall find
that he is not a person so allied and qualified as is represented,
whereby to estimate the consequence of his errand by the con-
fidence which the French Court reposes in his person. \_Margin,
" Sir H. B. This only difference appears now at last from my
first advertisement of his true name, that he is not brother but
cousin german to the powerful minister Colbert."] To the
frontiers I find he hath made a step since his arrival here, and
of the kingdom a survey — as his own words are.
Herewith enclosed is a copy of my last memorial to this King
concerning the troops ; that his Majesty there and your Lordship
may read the very words in Spanish which my zeal transports
me to try as my utmost diligence for the keeping these troops
yet together, if it be possible, because of those irremediable
mischiefs which I apprehend from the contrary, much greater to
Portugal than any fault I intend by this complaint to charge
it with, for really this Crown hath, since our people's arrival
here, disbursed upon them very great sums, whereof I cannot
give a particular till I get it from these ministers, because I
found at my coming here that his Majesty's Latin letter by my
Lord Insiquin made all the three months upon account of the
Queen's portion immediately payable to his Lordship, whether
I were arrived or not, differing in that one point from his
Majesty's Spanish letter at the same time, being indeed of my
own drawing, but not without order, so that there remains at this
time only six weeks due to the troops, and a month of this six
weeks they say — ^and I believe — they will pay within a very few
days, as also another within a matter of a fortnight after. But
this Is not according to their promises, which were to advance
every month's pay beforehand, being convinced that our men
being strangers in a dear country, where no credit is, could not
* Qeorgei d'Aubtuson de la Fevillade, archbidiop of Bmbrun.
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Otherwise possibly subsist, but must fall into such desperate dis-
orders as now break out. And this it is which troubles me the
more for them, to see that when they have drained themselves so
low as undoubtedlv they have, to comply with our troops as to
the advance of the three months out of the Queen's portion —
which, not being expected by them, hath come from them like
their hearts' blood — they should now in the most unhappy con-
juncture for it imaginable lose the fruit and thanks of all that, for
want of squeezing out a few drops more in time, doing it, too,
afterwards when it is too late, which timely payment would like-
wise — ^with some exemplary justice to boot — qualify what is past
as to the murder of some of our men and prevent it for the
future, the same being another part of my complaint in this
memorial and must ever be where there is cause for it, without
intention nevertheless, to fix it as a particular scandal to this
nation, where much fewer of ours in proportion have been lost
in that kind than by the French and Flemish Boors in the
business of Dunkirk.
Upon the whole, my Lord, here appears to me no cement
at all in our troops, being admirable individuals but the worst
body that ever was, onljr because they are none; the reason
whereof appertains unto the martial officers alone to give; as
little cement between ours and this nation, who were anciently
quite of another temper and disposition one towards another
than now they are on either side. To remedy which — ^finding
that part in a great measure incumbent upon my duty — ^I have
employed all the dear experience I have got for the space of
thirty years in the humours of both, and assembled all my
nerves — besides something of singular alacrity I have always
found in myself as to the matter of reconciling where there was
any room for it — as his Majesty and jrour Lordship mw clearly
see by all my papers of this negotiation remitted into England,
if I am not sufficiently understood before by so many years' ser-
vice. In fine, break I see these troops will at a most unlucky
hour — ^without a miracle — ^in a thousand pieces ; if in fewer, the
worse, but that must be either by marching in bodies to the
enemy — which they have begun — or, in the same manner hither,
by way of mutiny or for embarkation, which cannot be in any
shipping belonging to this Crown — that is not — or of England —
that is not here, no more than orders from his Majesty for their
transportation if there were — and yet this extravagance they have
in their heads, too, and in agitation amongst themselves, as
their superiors inform me.
To return now in a word to Monsieur Colbert — ^for, with sub-
mission, I humbly hope I resve [reve] not in mingling often these
two tilings together — ^I am told, whilst I am writing this, that he
hath proposed a match to this King with a daughter of the Duke
of Orleans, I suppose Mademoiselle, because my autnor says a
succour of six thousand m^en from France is to he maintained here
upon the account of her dowry — so the French King not the war
maker — ^this is vox popvli; and then in such case a like
body of English, upon good terms, to back and counterpoise the
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French, seems no ill proYision for England and Portugal both,
but then there must he a new model from head to foot. For
conclusion of all, because it appears to me — and I think will to
your Lordship — ^more than possible that I may speedily see a
French Ambassador in this Court, and most certainly — ^if I go
thither, which seems also probable — one in that of Spain, as also
others from other sovereigns, I pray your Lordship's f avom- that
I may insert here the very words of Mr. Walsingham — then
entering upon his Embassy in France — amon^ other queries to
which he humbly desired the Queen's resolution, viz. :
How I shall behave myself in any public assembly towards
the ambassador, as well of Spain as Portugal, either in taking
or giving place.
I thinking it no shame at all for me to be ignorant of what
so renowned a minister of state as that was ; and therefore
hereby, most humbly begging, by your Lordship's representation,
a resolving instruction^ to the lake question mutatis mvtandis
propoundable by me at this time.
These ministers tell me they expect now every day Juan de
Nunez back from the frontiers witn a final answer to the four
proposals he carried from hence in order to the treaty, and with
the names also of the Commissioners from the Catholic King."
Postscript. — " My dispatch by this same conveyance to Mr.
Secretary Maurice doth more at large discover — as to matter of
fact, without any descant of mv own thereupon — the despairing
oonditLon, resolutions, and inclinations of the troops." Draft,
pa/rily by Fanshaw, in letter hook, 6\ pp.
Sm EicHARD Fanshaw to the Duke of York.
1662, November 8[-18]. Lisbon — " A point of honour having
been stirred by this Crown, when Capt. AlKn was now lastly here,
concerning his bearing a flag in this river, I have herewith
enclosed me letter from the Secretary of State which stirred it
before the Captain's departure, and my answer after ; both of them
copied in the several languages wherein they were written, lest
translating them should occasion any mistake. Which account
I thought proper and my duty to render unto your Royal High-
ness, not knowing whether this court doth finallv acquiesce in
my answer, or whether the pretence will be renewed by the Portu-
gal ambassador in England. And this I do the rather presume
and hold myself obliged to do as he that may with better right
than everybody pretend the quality of your Royal Highness's
servant.'* Copy in letter booh, \ p.
Sm EicHABD Fanshaw to Secretary Morice.
1662, November [8-] 18. Lisbon — States that soon after Capt.
Allin's departure with the despatches, there came more of Job's
messengers from the English troops, bringing a remonstrance
from tne English officers to the King of Portugal, declaring
that they cannot any longer serve this Crown, "by reason
of the unsupportable wants and injuries which they groan
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under," and that Colonel Molesmouth writes in utter despair
" plainly affirming that in his opinion these troops for the
future are never Ukely to do honour to their country or
service to this, in respect of their usage and necessities." Copy
in letter hook. 1 j>.
Earl of Inchiquin to Sm Eickard Fanshaw.
1662, November 8. Bay of Oyeres [Oieras] — ^I have not re-
ceived the license promised me. Possibly the Secretary of State
may be more dilatory in sending it than may stand with Mr.
Jacob's convenience, and I beg your assistance, as until he has
the license I cannot have mv money. I wish you and your
worthy lady all happiness. Holograph, f p.
Sir Philip Warwick to his brother [in-law]. Sir Richard
Fanshaw.
1662, November 12 — ^I am heartily glad to hear of your good
health and settlement. '' Trouble we are all bom for, and in
proportion to the strength of every man providence loads him,
80 as you know why I pity you not, though I know how much
you undergo. That your great wheel turns, I hope it will be for
the good of us and all Christendom." As regards my own sphere,
l)a Silva, failing so long of his payments of the first part of the
portion, has been arrested, which may make some noise with you.
The ambassador having put in a memorial to the King, the Coun-
cil referred it to the Lord Treasurer and Lord Ashley, who have
returned this answer, by which you will see " how moderately we
have valued the crusado, how justly we proceeded in the Brazil
duties, and that by the Portugals' disowning the contracts and
bonds taktn by Colonel we were disabled by our law to force our
merchants to make payment of a foreign prince's duty.
" Here have been imprudent restless spirits attempting to their
own ruin, for it had no great depth their plot, but believing
purchasers and discontented persons would have joined with
them; they were adding number to their malice, which some
principal men will by a legal conviction ere long have strangled
in them. The B^ng is very observant and kind to the Queen,
and her faint fits, which she is now and then troubled with, we
take a symptom of breeding, which is not so plainly averred as
I can say it is so, but ladies say it is more than a hope. I stand
engaged and shall be indebted for a time to my sister for her
letter, and I pray God bless all the babies. My wife subscribes
with as much affection as a sister can do." Copy in letter booh.
Ip.
The enclosure.
Statement that a million crusadoes at Zs. 6d. — which is three
half -pence less than their value according to the Mint — come
to 175,000/., of which 127,362Z. has been paid and 47,637Z. is
still owing* Signor Silva mentions the consignation of the
*The exact oaIcal«t«oD would be 127,3622. 7«. Sd paid, and 47,637;. 129. Bd.
still owing.
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BrctzU ships hither as if it had been to make up part of the
portion^ whereas it was an accident or a fraudulent design
by the interested parties; and his Majesty wotdd have sent
them hack to Lisbon if Sir Augttstine Colonel had not inter-
posed, and therefore cannot take them as any concern of his
own. Nevertheless he wotdd have guided it so that the English
merchants should have given bond to pay the duties here had
not Bishop Russell disowned Colonel in the affair, whereon
the merchants gave up Colonel^ s bond and resumed their own.
It is very unreasonable to argue that payment should be made
in worse coin or in money raised above its value, and the
conrnwdities were sent that the King of England might be
paid in money within two m^onths, so that " now to argue he
must attend untU the proceed of those commodities is no good
and natural consequence,^^ CoW ^'^ Fa/nshaw*s letter booh,
2ipp.
Juan Nttnez da Cttnha to the King op Portttoal.
1662, November [13-]23 — ^I had yesterday an interview with
Don Luis de Menfeses], and as the beginning of our consulta-
tions we have settled a truce for one month, durinpf which time
we may go on with the treaty of peace. I declared to him that
the first and an indispensable article of our treaty was the media-
tion of the King^ of Ghreat Britain, whose interests are so bound
up with your Majesty's that you cannot act without him. He
said, although with reluctance, that no doubt that King might
come in as mediator, by persons satisfactory to your Majesty. I
have heard that the King of Castile is doing all he can to dis-
unite you and the King of Great Britain by deceiving the Eng-
lish ambassador and by means of his confidential agents in Eng-
land. As these deceits may disturb the harmony between us and
England, your Majesty should order them to be prevented, and
above all we must get what is necessary to arm the frontiers,
as thus only we can make peace and be in safety. Portuguese,
Copy in letter booh \ p.
Annexed,
Copies of the confirmation of the cessation in Spanish and
Portuguese, signed respectively by Don Balthazar de Roixas
Panto ja * and Juan Nunez da Cunha, Dated November 22.
I p.
Bishop R. Rttssell to Snt Richard Panshaw.
1662, November 14. London — "This is to kiss your Ex-
cellencVs hands and wish you much joy in your title and employ-
ment, the trouble of both will come fast enough upon you with-
out wishing: in a time aboundinsr with little else and a country
destitute almost of all things that should alleviate those cares
which wants and disgusts must inevitably cause, only thus much
for your comfort I dare affirm, that if you agree not with Portugal
> -. ■- ;— — — — ■ ■ -J ia
* GovenSQT of the army of Galiipa^
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no Englishman living shall ever agree with it, and if Portugal
agrees not with you it shall agree less with any Englishman
living. My Lord of Inchiquin is come to Court, where he vents
himself furiously against the Conde de Gastelmelhor and Antonio
De 80119a. Ccetera he is more moderate, very large in the eulogi-
ums of the Queen andzealous for the conservation of the country.
From thence the characters we have of him are just like those he
gives of Antonio de Sou^a and the Conde ; where the fault is, you
who were upon the place can best judge. Here by the more
serious t'is thought that fault was not wanting on both sides.
His Lordship does you the justice to acknowledge your prudent,
candid and cordial assistance, and all our letters speak so much
in your commendation that now I begin to see it is possible to
be impartially cordial and yet be beloved of both parties. Things
here are much at the same pitch you left them except a new
secretary and the sale of Dunkirk, which you must persuade
them there, and with truth, tVas done with an eye towards the
future assistance of them by both Crowns ; else it will make an
ill noise there as it hath done here, and I fear will more when the
Parliament comes to sit. I should be very glad you, your lady
and little ones live there with health and content. A tender oJE
my most humble service to her ladyship and her three sweet little
ladies, and if any friends of mine there can be any ways serviceable
to you or them t'will be very much " to my satisfaction. .
Endorsed by Fanshaw : — " Received at Lisbon 9th of February,
68, stt/lo loci, by the hands of the President of the College." SeiaJ
of arms, 1 p.
Secretaey MoaiCE to Snt Richard Fanshavt.
1662, November 19. Whitehall — I have received both your
packets, and abridged the first sixteen pages for his Majesty,
'* who else would never have had the patience or given the time
to have heard one quarter thereof." lOur intell^ence and the
S repositions of the King of Portugal were the subject of a long
ebate before the Eang and a select Council, the result whereof
was to invite the Portuguese ambassador to an explanation.
" The things propounded carry their denial in the face thereof,
and we think strange of the counsel whereby they were offered,
yet somewhat I presume his Majesty will do toward payment of the
aiixiliar force which he sent over. It may perhaps be news to tell
you that Sir Edward Nicholas is removed from his place, and
hath the recompense of 10,000/. and lOOZ. per annum in fee,
and Sir Henry Bennet succeeds him. Dunkirk is sold to the
IVench for 6,000 pistoles. Here hath been a treasonable plot
amongst the Anabaptists to attack Whitehall, secure the King,
seize the Tower and surprize Windsor Castle ; but it was an
inconsiderate design, not formed nor any determinate way agreed
on to execute it," got up by inconsiderable persons, without
means to carry it on, who therefore, after some debates, gave it up
in despair, "but the very thought and design and debate wiU
forfeit the lives of seven or eight of them, which are taken, unto
justice ; many of them ^e fled." f p.
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Endorsed by Fanshaw : — '* Whitehall, from Secretary Moris,
19 of November, 62. Received at Lisbon from Col. Appeeley 26
of February, 63, stylo loci. That from Lord Insiquin y^see p, 54
helow] was of the 29th of December, after his Lordship had been
there kept five weeks in suspense*"
Sir £icha£D Fanshaw to Lokd Chancellor Clarendon.
1662, November [19-]29. Lisbon — Stating that he has just
come from the Palace, where the Secretary of State told him
that Don Luys and Nunez have met again upon the frontiers
of Minio ; that Don Luys took notice of the French incognito's
having been at Lisbon to prevent theirproceeding by great offers ;
that uiey both concluded that the French were using arts to
deceive both kingdoms, and therefore they should the rather agree
with each other; and that the Spaniard offered to proceed
immediately, but the other said that he had instructions to press
for more Commissioners, whereupon they severed for that time.
Copy in letter hook, ^ p.
Marques de Sande to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1662, November 20. London — Congratulating him upon his
own and his wife's safe arrival at Lisbon and upon the esti-
mation in which he is held by the Court there ; and begging him
to try to obtain from the Eang, his master, a further delay in
the time for paying the Queen's dowrv, and also permission to
include in it the 40,000 crusadoes due from the four Brazil ships
which faQed in their obligations to Portugal. Portuguese,
Signed. 1 p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1662, [November 28-]December 8. Lisbon—" Upon the first
of this instant December, being the solemn anniversary of the
proclaiming the King in Lisbon, having had leave for it the day
before, I went to the Palace in as good equipage as I cordd to
congratulate his present Majesty in the Kin^ my master's name,
the birthday of the liberty of Portugal. Coming a little of the
soonest, the Conde de Castelmelhor entertained me in his lodgings
with a letter which his Majestv had that very morning received
from Juan Nunez, which perusal gave me occasion, when the
King was ready for me, to observe unto his Majesty how that same
day which twenty-two years past restored his royal family, proved
now a second time auspicious to it and to Portugal in this news
of an owning their right in some measure by a suspension of
arms and beginning of a treaty de rey a rei/, either of which
is more than ever the King of Castile would be brought to in
that whole twenty-two years. All which was particularly well
teken by his Majesty and the whole Court, who celebrated the
festival with some increase of joy and hope upon this very
account. The festival is the Immaculate Conception of our
Lsrlv which mvstery from that time was made by the last King
24. ' ■ D
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and continued ever since the new patron of Portugal, without
exclusion of the old which is our St. Greorge, our Lady being
rather qualified their defendress." I send a copy of the cessation
for a month, by which you will see that it is * restrained to that
frontier where the Portuguese is at this time superior, leaving
all hands at liberty on the Alentejo side, where the Spaniard
is master of the field," which makes us think there may
not be much in it, however a cessation here is de iguaJ a
igual, which — ii no more should come of it — seems a very con-
siderable advantage to Portugal in point of reputation/' The
Secretary of State assures me that in the spring I shall see such
forces of thrir own as never were yet. Copy in Tetter hook. 2 pp.
Sir Hjchard Fanshaw to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1662, December [6-] 15. Lisbon — Stating that he has applied
for an audience, to deliver a petition from some English mer-
chants and a memorial concerning the second payment of the
Queen's portion, but has not yet obtained one ; and also that he
has had a letter from the Secretary of State in relation to the
purchase of the houses lately inhabited by Portuguese in Tangier,
which he advises his Majesty to give him power to bargain for if
needful. Copy tn tetter hook l| pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sm Henry Bennet.
1662, December [9-] 19. Lisbon — ^I only had notice yesterday
of your being made Secretary of State, and wish you much good
and long enjoyment of it. *' I shall be a gainer by the change
as well as you, for although your predecessor was a person very
obliging to me — ^which I shall ever with thankfulness acknow-
ledge — yet the nature and scene of my present negotiation re-
quires a Spanish patron ; i.e., a minister in that place who is
a master of the language," as many important documents
pass in it, which lose much by translation, "and this
of the ^kingdom in which I now am would lose its force
and sense if translated into any other but that; whereof
his Majesty himself also will be fully apprehensive, when
you shall only read the papers therein distinctly unto his
Majesty with never so little of explanation tnereupon."
I much prefer to have my dispatches disapproved than not taken
notice of, since I may mend my faults by proper directions, anl
failing thereof ought to be called home. In my last I sent a
copy of the cessation for a month, restrained to the frontiers of
Galicia. What is meant by it " you may sooner guess, at that
distance, from your late experience of Spain and your better
intelligence of the present temper or distemper of that Court,
with what they may fear of a new breach by France, or suspect at
home among themselves than I can do in their enemy's country,
though but at next door. ... I might fear it ominoug to
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us both if I should begin my addresses to you with tirinff your
patience, thei-efore I i-est your most faithful and ever most ^voted
humble servant." Copy in letter book. 1 p.
Snt BicHABB Fanshaw to Sec&etaat Mobice.
1662, December [11-]21. Lisbon— The Eujglish troops " are
yet together by reason of one month's pay at this present count-
ing unto them in the frontiers, but in such a mouldering, perish-
ing, discontented fashion as gives me no confidence of their
continuing so a fortnight longer,'^ especially since it is now
well known that Col. Eoscarrock and the Earl of Insiquin have
arrived in England vrith despatches representing their distressed
condition and yet no answer comes to them, neither have I
received a line from any minister of state in England since mj
arrival here. ' The Brazil [Company] is dissolved "and this
King takes the stock and management into his hands, having
established a Council to manage it, whereof the Conde de Outoguia
is made president." Unfortunately, news has come that the
Brazil fleet will not return home this season, in respect of
preparing for their spring campana, "though expect it ex-
cedingly rich about May." His Majesty hath raised the gold
here, but only time will show whether the effect thereof is good
or bad. 1 The Ostend men-of-war commit daily piracies upon our
English on this coast. Sir John Lawson is at Malaga, having
concluded a peace with Tripoli and Tunis like to that with
Algiers. A carvel from Tangier, bought by Sir John Mennes
foT bis Majesty, has been cast away in this port but almost all
the men saved. I had an order firom this JEong to secure her
four guns for his Majesty, " and to keep what else is sayed from
land-shipwreck, too usual in such cases by the canalla in all
countries, who pick up God's goods in the devirs name." Copy
in letter hook, 1\ pp.
SlE BiCHAKD FaNSHAW tO LORD CHANCELLOR ClARENDON.
1662, December [14-]24. Lisbon — ^I am told that the Queen's
physician has brought despatches of great importance from Eng-
land, but what they are I know not, " for neither do they com-
municate to me anything of it, neither have I from any minister
of state in England, either at this or any other time since my
arriyal, received one word to this moment, though the matters
which have been represented thither by me with Col. Eoscarrock,
Capt. Allin, Sir Peter Wyche and Cap! Robinson were of [Ael
greatest — ^in my humble opinion — this scene could be capable of."
The treaty is so far forward that a cessation for one month upon
one frontier is actually concluded, " in order to a further cessation
and treaty in all the forms by several commissioners to be nomi-
nated by each King, and full authorities from Madrid to this
purpose are expected here daily." Presently the grand treaty
D 2
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will begin, and *' this King — as the Conde de Castelmelhor hath
told me — ^is likely to nominate me to appear amongst his [com-
missioners] in the name of the King of England. Then shall
I be in such a dilemma, whether to go or stay, or how to cany
myself if I do go, as I have in my former oiscoursed to your
Lordship, having commission and credential to the King of Spain
sufficient, but no instructions thereupon."' Nor am I less in the
dark about the English troops here, whose necessities are such
that I scarcely hold their keeping together possible. As regards
the treaty " no clocks in a great city do differ so much from one
end to the other as opinions concerning a peace do here in several
frontiers." In that of Minio, it is in that forwardness that the
old regiments there are credibly reported to be re-embarking
from Galieia for Flanders ; " on Alentejo-side — ^where Don Juan
of Austria is — ^not so much as that matter of fact believed of the
one month's cessation in Minio, nothing but preparations for
an early campanay nothing but swallowing of all Portugal in
expectation by a direct march to Setuval with the first of the
spring, fresh throwing out of billets amon^jst our English with
higher" offers than the fonner, to debauch them over from the
service, all which I have both from Major-General O'Brien and
from the consul, who are newly returned from that frontier, by
which it may be imagined how much more confident that enemy
would be if our men, in utter despair, should actually run over
to them." The Count de Chomberg, who understanas this war
better than any man living, assures me that of themselves " the
Portuguese can no more be prepared in point of time for Don
Juan, than they can plant timber in the space of a year," so
that if the King of Spain proceeds to a treaty, it will be owing
partly to the French King, partly to Don Juan, and partly to
the supposed resolution of our master to support Portugal. The
Portuguese would never forgive me this language, and yet I sin-
cerely desire to serve them and to persuade his Majesty to help
them, ** it being honour enough for them — ^to add unto their
ancient stock of glory — ^that they — a small nation — ^have with-
stood the Spanish monarchy two and twenty years, having at
some time had both England and Holland upon their backs to
boot, and yet what most warms me in the case is, that after all
this, they may not now perish, when Spain and the world look
upon them as in his Majesty^s arms and protection ; for if this
were not, I could see the companions of my youth triumphant,
even in Lisbon, without breaking my heart. !> His Majesty's
interest in the succession to this Crown and in the remainder of
the Queen's portion I have not mentioned now, having descanted
thereupon to your Lordship elsewhere, but there appears to me
still as little possibility of the latter as of the former, should the
Spaniard prevail by arms." I have had an audience of the King
" with a high compliment over and above, as to free admittances
in the future unto his royal person without the ceremony of asking
leave beforehand, but the scent of portion to my nostril no
warmer than it was, nor yet of performing articles with the then
petitioning merchants."
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Postscript — Since fmishing the above I have had a visit from
the Secretary ol State, who said that his master wished me to
thank mine lor his care of Portugal, as nanated by the Marques
de Sande, and that he wished cQso to thank me *'for the good
offices which the said Marques certified I had done to this Crown
by my representations into England. He then proceeded to the
case of iJuarte de Sylva," now a prisoner in London with a
8erjeant-at-anns, begging me to recommend him to our King
in two points ; ** the one, the money, instead of the jewels, which
de Sylva would have to be instead of the money ; that his Majesty
would be pleased to accept it with some respite for the payment
of it . . . the other the rate of the crusado, which de Sylva
would pay at 3*. 3d. and his Majesty's ministers require 3*. 6rf.,
that his Majesty would cause it to be moderated in some reason-
able way, and de Sylva upon these terms to be set at liberty." 1
cannot think these things '' were the real scope of so solemn a
message, and do rather imagine that the principal verb of the
secretary's discourse lay in an expression which he slided over
in the midst thereof — ^by way of parenthesis — to induce his
Majesty's indulgence to Sylva, that after-payments of Queens'
portions are not usually exacted with rigour in all points, for that
he thought the Queen Mother's of England was never all paid,
or not tfll very late." The cessation expired, I find, on the 21st,
and I hear notning of any renewal of it. " The Queen of Portugal
hath now declared her resolution to turn recluse, of which more
by my next." Co2^ in letter book, 4 pp,
Snt SicHABD Fanshaw to his brother [in-law], Sik Philip
Wakwick.
1662, December [14-]24. Lisbon—" Yours of the 12th of the
last I have, and therein, though not much of light in my affairs,
for want of my having given you more, yet all I have received
since my leaving England. There is the trouble, which of all I
undergo puts me most to my bearing. There is but one that can
put me more to it, and is indeed the only one unsupportable to my
broad shoulders, i.e,, if I should be reduced to a necessitous con-
dition in a public employment in a foreign country, my royal
master — ^whom I have the honour to represent — flourishing at
the same time. All these ingredients must go into it to make
the potion too bitter for me to swallow ; and even so, I could have
digested it, too, if either I had been ambitious of the employment
for the title's sake, or covetous of the preferment I believed would,
or passionately desired should follow it. In all which points you
very well know my mind and my case." You will see by the
enclosed the danger I run of this necessitous condition unless by
my Lord Treasurer's abundant goodness I am succoured ivom the
Exchequer, my father [in-law], Sir John Harrison, having full
powers to receive and give discharges on my behalf for all that
is due to me by virtue of my privy seal. " The said enclosed
will further give you a summary account of my day's work, as
it is fit I should do where I ask my wages and counsel too.
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One thing I assnre you, I take as much pains and thought as
those whose workmanship deserves much better, possibly a great
deal more, too, like travellers that ride faster when they are out of
the way." My wife joins me in service " to yourself, my dear
sister, and botJi yours." Copy in letter hook. 1 p.
Armexed,
Account of moneys dtce to Sir Richard Fanshaw as
ambassador, Latin Secretary and Master of Requests, amount-
ing to 1,260/. \ p.
Earl of Inchiquin to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1662, December 29. London — " I have been now five weeks
kept in suspense what to write touching the business of Portugal
by reason of iny Lord Chancellor having the gout, which has
occasioned the douncil to decline meddling therewith, but by the
discourse I have had with the King I find no money can be had
here, only a letter will be sent to pay 6,000Z. more on the account
of the portion, but I hope France will send money suddenly and
that by that means our men will be maintained there, if not I
know not what will become of them, for I see no hope that
shipping can be had to bring them off so soon as they are like
to be in distress there.
I have told the King and my Lord Chancellor how trouble-
some an employment your Excellency's was like to be, and how
difficult a thing it would be for you to give a satisfactory account
of the affairs you should transact in during the continuation of
the present Government, whose principles are quite different from
those that this Court took their measures by, and they are both
so fully possessed of the unsteadiness and weakness of those
ministers that your Excellency may be most confident no mis-
carriage there will be imputed to your want of conduct, and
indeed I find cause to believe that wherever you were they would
likely have that opinion of you.
The manner of Sir Edward Nicholas's being eased of the burden
of his secretaryship was thus : Jack Aspernam [Ashbumham]
was sent to him to let him know that the practices of ill spirits
throughout this kingdom did require more labour and activity
at this time than his years and infirmities could undergo and
that therefore it was requisite his Majesty should put in another,
but that he would give him 10,000Z. and make him a baron in
recompense of his place. This message being delivered, the secre-
tary aeclared himself to be very much surprised with the thing
and desired time till next day to give an answer. In the interim
he goes to acquaint my Lord Chancellor with it, believing that
his Lordship woidd give him both advice and protection, but the
King had told my Lord Chancellor his resolution in so brisk
and short terms, quitting him without staying for his opinion
on the matter, that his Lordship did not think fit to give any
advice, nor to meddle in the matter, telling only to Sir Edward,
that he need not quit his place if he pleased, which he durst
not rely on as a sufficient encouragement to insist on keeping it,
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seeing his Lordship did decline interposing in it, and therefore
he accepted the 10,000/., but declined the honour, in lieu whereof
a thing worth about 2,000/. more was given him. Thus I had
the story from his own mouth.
Sir Henry Bennet does give much satisfaction in his office,
and is like to be a very powerful man in this kingdom, where
my Lord Chancellor does now meddle only with the matters
relating to his office and the affairs of state, but does not speak
in the behalf of any man for any place or employment.
The lady you wot of is still very much in credit.
The King of France, notwithstanding his great preparations,
is like to agree with the Pope, but on what conditions we do not
yet know, for his Majesty keeps Avignon yet.
I do send the letter to acquit us of repaying the eight days,
the King allowing them out of his portion.
The public news is shown by the printed papers herewith sent
jour Excellency.
The Ambassador here has given me many thanks for the
earnestness I have shown in serving the King of Portugal here
to the utmost of my power, how unsuccessful soever my endeav-
ours have been, and he says he has written thereof to the King
and the ministers there. If it be so I hope it will be a means to
facilitate the license, if it stick still as it seems it did when the
Ritby came away. And I beg your Lordship's assistance in that
business.
The Earl of Chesterfield is gone into the country of purpose
to remove his lady from the court thither, being jealous of some
addresses made to her by his Boyal Highness, but I am most
confident the blow he fears has not been
there want not censurers on this occasion,
hands." Signed, 2 pp.
Endorsed hy Fcmshaw : — " From the Earl of Insiquin. Dated
at London 29di of December, 62. Rec. at Lisbon 27th of January,
old style, by Mrs. Maynard, who tiien landed at Cascays, having
been at sea from Saturday was a sennight, which added unto the
five weeks there mentioned makes above seven weeks from the
time Lord Insiquin and Capt. Trelawny had been soliciting in
London unto the time that this ship, the Umeom, left the Downs.
With a letter from his Majesty to the King of Portugal."
Majob Laubence Dempsy to [Sir Richard FanshawP]
1663, January [4-] 14. Lisbon — ^By a letter from the Sieur
Denys de Melo, general of artillery and now commanding the
armies in Alentejo, where the English troops are, and the dis-
course held with me by the Secretary of State, I see that his
Majesty and his ministers are very much misinformed concerning
the said troops, and judge that malicious persons have given false
informations both to the generals and to the ministers. Having
received orders from the Earl of Inchiquin and others to assist
with five troops in the city of Beze and other places from the first
of last July until now, and having served with them both in
at all ^iven, though
n. I kiss my lady's
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quarters and on the march, I declare that both in the cities of
Beze, Cuba, Portalegre, Gasteladavida or elsewhere in all that
time, and whether in quarters or on the march, if they committed
any disorders I had them punished ; and to prove the falseness of
the informations against us and the good carriage of the English
troops I offer as witnesses of the truth the Chamber of Beze, Sir
Manuel Geneiro of Cuba, the Governor of Auyz, the Governors
of the towns where we were and the Commissary General Juan
de Crato. And for the further manifestation of the good fame
of our troops I beg you to demand an audience for me from the
Secretary of Sitiate that I ^ay represent the truth to him.
Spanish. Copy m letter book. 1 J pp.
Snt BicHAAD Fanshav^ to King Cha&les U.
1663 [January 27-]February 6. Lisbon — ^Long letter on the
iidSairs of Portugal, of which the original is amongst the Portugal
Correspondence at the Public Record Office. Copy m letter hook.
4 pp.
Sir Bichabd Fanshaw to Snt Henry Bennet.
1663 [January 28-] February 7. Lisbon — Stating that about
a fortnight ago he met a friar, one of rhe Queen's preachers,
who said he had a letter for him from Sir Henry, whicn however
he has never received. Regrets this the more as he has not had
a word from any minister of State during the five months he has
been in Portugal, which makes him "so blank and out of
countenance " that he is ashamed to show his head in the Court,
especially as many dispatches have come from the Marquis of
Sande, showing tnat there are ways to hear from the Court of
England, though none for him. Copy in letter book. 1 p.
[Original amongst tlie Portugal Correspondenee.~\
Snt Richard Fanshaw to the Marques de Sande.
1663, January 29-February 8. Lisbon — ^I have received your
Excellency's letter of the 20th of November, that and no other
since I have been at this Court, which I say, not as undervaluing
it, but because Mr. Bere, an English merchant, lately arrived at
this Court, tells me that many have been written to me. In what
you say of the regard shown me by the King here and all the
court — ^much beyond my merit — and also of the good offices which
I am always ready to do for the Portuguese crown and nation
with the ifing, my master, and his ministers, you neither deceive
yourself nor me, as the employments given me here and my
accounts sent home can witness for me. As to your request that
I will urge the King, my master, to include in the dowry the
40,000 crusadoes due from the four ships from Brazil, I have
heard that already that business is settled to your satisfaction,
but in regard to your Excellency's view that Portugal ought to
have a further respite in time for the pajrment of the dowry, to
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speak plainly, as is my wont, I cannot agree with you without
disowning my own opinion and breaking my orders, which aie
to urge payment in coniormity with the treaty. The King and
ministers nere show themselves willing to comply with this,
acknowledging their delay, still I have done what I can for you
by representing the state in which Portugal is at present. May
God remedy it ere long. Spanish. Copy in letter hook. 1 p.
Sib Bicha&d Fanshaw to Charles IL
1663 [Januaiy yi-ji'ebruary 10- Lisbon — Since my former
of the 6th instant to your Majesty two great packets have arrived
in this court from the Marquis of Sande, yet 1 remain still
without a line of intimation of your pleasure concerning Portugal
from any minister of State in England whatsoever. *' But by
oblique ways I do understand as followeth, which hath occasioned
this second and yet higher presumption than the other : —
1. Fram my Lord Insiquin, ol ;^9th of December, that his
Lordship had then been five weeks kept in suspense what to
write touching tlie business of Portugal, by reason of my Lord
Chancellor's having the gout, which occasioned the Council to
decline meddling therewith. To the same effect these ministers
tell me their letters speak, to their and my very great afiBUction,
both for his Lordship's person and for the danger which this
sinking kingdom runs by the loss of so much precious time,
the date of mine having been a fortnight and two days before
the ship which brought it left the Downs, so, added to the other,
it makes above seven weeks, but that by the discourse he, the said
Lord Insiquin, had had with your Majesty he found no money
can be had there, unless by an intended letter from your Majesty
for one 6,000Z. more on account of the portion, which — besides
the inconsiderableness of such a sum among so many mouths —
is such an uncertain and dilatory way of satisfjdng soldiers as
hath already almost broke the hearts of them! and of these
ministers, and my Lord Insiquin' s and mine : but his Lordship
hoped France would send money suddenly, and that by that
means our troops will be maintained here, if not, he knew not
what would become of them, for he saw no hope that shipping
could be had to bring them oft' so soon as they were like to be
in distress here ; withal that his Lordship had done me the right
to tell both your Majesty and my Lord Chancellor how difficult
a thing it would be for me to give a satisfactory account of the
affairs I should transact in, during the continuation of the present
government, whereupon I might be most confident no miscarriage
here would be imputed to my want of conduct ; his Lordship
farther adding that indeed he found cause to believe that
wherever I were both your Majesty and my Lord Chancellor were
likely to have the same opimon of me; this latter part being
in truth an obligement of supererogation, whereas the former —
as both your Majesty and my Lord Chancellor may well
remember — ^is only a fulfilling of my own prophecy, even though
the Queen Mother's regency — ^which yet was superseded before
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I left the court at England — ^had contintied, not for lack of good-
will or of large and spreading views of reverence to this crowni
but because the same are totally upon the matter employed in and
obstructed by their wars and the effects thereof, unless — ^for so I
explained myself — ^through a peace with Spain by your Majesty's
mediation.
2. From Bishop Russell, that I must persuade these here,
and with truth, that the sale of Dunkirk was done with an eye
towards the future assistance of Portugal by both crowns.
6. From the Conde de Castdm^lhor, coming to my house
yesterday, as to the treaty of peace with Spain, que aun esta
verde, the English whereof is all the doubts which my dispatches
ever since I arrived in this court have imported concerning the
same ; war — as it is the worst, so — ^being the first fruit that is
ripe in any country, and of which there never was so forward
and promising a spring in Castile since it brake out between
these neighbouring kingdoms as this present year; and yet I
do not yet hold the treaty to be stark dead neither, withal believ-
ing that none but your Majesty can fetch life in it again, and
that by a high hand
4. From the same Conde de Castdmdhor, at the same time,
that your Majesty's speedy and effectual succours are most
earnestly implored by this King and his ministers, in whose name
he requested me to represent as much to your Majesty with the
most earnest language I could use, added to my former despatches,
knowing I had already written to your Majesty on their behalf
by this very conveyance.
5. From the Count de Choinberg, the herewith enclosed state
of the war and preparations in these kingdoms on both sides —
or rather on one side only — ^whereby your Majesty will see from
a person whom your Majesty knows much better than I pretend
to do, and who by his profession ought not to know what fear
is — assuring myself also that he does not — ^I am certain hath
more reason to know the depths and shelves of this war than any
stranger living, and the sad, indeed desperate condition, this
kingdom is in without your Majesty.
6. From the same Count de Chomherg, that by letters he hath
newly received out of France the French King hath sent his
ambassador, Monsieur de Cominges,* fully instructed to offer to
your Majesty his master's effectual concurrence under hand in
your Majesty's name and under your royal conduct of the affair
to preserve this labouring crown.
7. From the English Consul here, that by his letters from
England your Majesty doth very much lay to heart the improve-
ment and enlargement of your new sovereignty in Barbary,
having for the same purpose nominated Lord Rutterford for
Governor of Tangier, allotting withal 30,000Z. per annum for a
royal mould till finished; and constituted an extraordinary
committee, headed by his royal highness the Duke of York, to
manage that affair at home, whilst the said Lord Rutterford
* G«8ioa. Jean Bapfeisie de Gomdnges-Giiitaiit, Lieuitenaiut-GeDBral and Om»<m^*c^ the
gtiard to the Queen Mother, ambaesodor to Portugal m 1667, and to Enf^huia io: 16^.
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passes thither with such a body of horse, foot and appurtenances
as may be termed a small army, so consequently with such a
strength of shipping as may pretend to the name of a royal fleet."
These premises considered it is a question whether your Majesty
may not think it fit —
1 . To dispatch Lord Hutterf ord somewhat earlier and stronger
for Tangier.
2. With orders to anchor on his way, either here or in the
Bay of Cascayes.
3. With further orders to serve this crown, taking the
auxiliaries here, with their old officers if possible, espedafly Sir
Thomas Morgan.
4. With express condition that this little army is to be
dependent only on their own commanders.
5. With like condition to be possessed of some strong place on
this coast, as a retreat for the forces and caution for payment of
your Majesty's charges and the Queen's dowry; the said forces
finally proceeding to Barbary.
6. With orders to your ambassador here to declare that if this
court refuses these terms your Majesty will be discharged of
further brotherly protection of this crown, for " when Spanish
bullets and pistols shall at once fly thick about the ears of the
Portuguese, it may not be in your Majesty's power at that time
of day to protect them against themselves, much less against
the Castilians, or your Majesty's own people, in that case, against
both, without such holds. '
7. With further orders to your general, in case of refusal, to
sail straight to Africa and for the troops here to retire.
8. Finally, with o^^ders to your ambassador here in such case
to retire also, " unless your Majesty shall think it fit that he
stay to see tiie last man borne, if peradventure the successful
approach of the Spaniards should fright this nation into their
wits by frighting it out of them."
These rough and wild notions may provoke your Majesty to
laughter, but I hope not to indignation. In the twenty years
I have served you ** your Majesty did never take me to be romantic
in business till I tasted this air where I am, being likewise not
insensible that this very excuse — ^if jomt Majesty should discover
me to any that should report it back to this court — may prove
worse than the fault excused and turn to my greater condemnation
here, where I have hitherto the fortune to be a piece of a
favourite." Draft. 6 /jp. IT he letter itself is amongst the
Portugal Correspondence, hut it is calendared here as throwing
light upon the sequence of events,"]
Sir Richabd Fanshaw^ to the Eahl of Inchiquin.
1663 [January 31-]February 10. Lisbon — ^I have received
yours of December 29th by the consul's wife, " esteeming it for
a great rarity as a letter from England, though no rarity as it
is a favoiir from your Lordship." It gave me more light as to
what may be relied on hers as to our present troops and as regards
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further succours for this besieged kingdom than ever I had
before, and yet I am still in the dark, io my wonder our troops
are yet in being and I use all my arts to keep them so, as does
also your brother, the major-generail, '' who sticks close to them
and their interests in the frontiers personally." I thank your
Lordship for your favourable reports of me and also for '" your
interludes of something of recreative between the acts of more
serious affairs." Copy m letter book 1 p.
Sir Bichabd Fanshaw to Lord Guancellou Clarendon.
1663 [January 31-] February 10. Lisbon — Expressing his
regret at learning by letters from the Marquis of Sande that his
Lordship has been long laid up with the gout — ^in consequence
of which the debates upon Portuguese affairs have had to be post-
poned — and hoping to hear o± his happy recovery. Copy in
tetter book. ^ p.
Sir Uichard Fanshaw to Secretary Morice*
1663 [January 31-] February 10. Lisbon — Renewing his com-
plaints at receiving no letters from the ministers of state, which
he imputes rather to miscarriage than only to the multiplicity
of other affairs, and expressing his longing " for that happy hour
which will both unriddle this mystery " and give him some light
as to what his Majesty's pleasure is concerning Portugal. \ p.
Sir Bichard Fanshaw to £. Uussell, Lord Bishop of Port
Alegre.
1663, February [1-]11. Lisbon—" Your Lordship's of the 14th
of K^ovember from London I received here 9th instant by the
hands of the president of the English college, by the contents
whereof I find our court there hath taught your Lordship to
say many kind and obliging things, though true cordial kindness
I presume you are not now to learn of anybody, particularly
towards myself, who have always found it from your Lordship.
As to what your Lordship writes in reference to the mutual
characters the Earl of Insiquin and some ministers of this court
S've one of another, that faults were on both sides according to
e opinion of the more serious there — ^I suppose you mean the
more wise — ^I, who for the most differ from the opinions of the
wisest, do it in this, too, that I think the fault was in neither, but
in the builders of Babel, who brought in the division of tongues,
and in the great architect thereof — the devil — ^who to hinder the
progress of good works — as God did of that which was a bad
one — ^never wants arts to create misunderstandings even in such
as from the tongue outward understand one another perfectly,
and would go on nand in hand together if they knew each other's
minds as well [as they do their dialects]. I must add withal
that really there were not assets here to comply with my Lord
Insiquin' s just desires on behalf of our troops, and these
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ministers' own engagements oftentimes to boot, which I am un-
willing to call a faiut on either side, but a misfortune on both,
* as in the case of assets which one justly claims, and the other as
justly pleads [want of] them in excuse.
For the point of my agreeing with Portugal and Portugal
with me, it is hitherto fully as much as your Lordship can
expect or wish, and will always be so on my part. But I do
much fear it will not continue so with them, if ever it should
come to be discovered unto them how much in all my despatches
for England ever since I arrived in this kingdom [I compare]
the strength, wealth, forecast and military discipline thereof
comparatively to those of their enemy. Their invincible courage
more majoris I deny not, but that it must necessarily make them
invincible I do deny ; no cowardice being so excusable as to fear
for others, yet this I only whisper to such friends of Portugal
as yourself, who may contribute their help to it at a dead lift,
aut rey aut opere, aut consUio bono.
Therefore, finally — in reference to what your Lordship adds
that the sale of Dunkirk was done with an eye towards the future
assistance of Portugal by both crowns — ^I do conjure your Lord-
ship — ^whether you write yourself English or Portuguese, and
so, in this case, both is best — ^to solicit succours hither, with the
same speed and proportion as if the ship of this state were
infallibly to sink this very next summer without them." Draft.
2 pp. Copy, toith some variations, from which the words in
brackets are taken, in letter hook.
Snt Richard Fanshaw to William Coventry, Secretary to
the Duke of York.
1663, February [3-] 13. Lisbon — The bearer, Captain Holmes,
has been detained here for three weeks waiting for despatches,
the King being on a hunting journey at some distance from
the city. " The time now approacheth — being when Eings go
forth to battle — ^that I hope for further testimonies of his
Highness' royal favour ... by your mediation, this
kingdom being in effect a perfect isle with these wars,
to and from and by which there is not now any safe
correspondency left of letters or trade " without the help of his
Majesty's frigates, by reason of the pillaging by Biscay and
Ostend men-of-war. Copy in letter book. | p.
Sir EicHARD Fanshaw to Major Robert Holmes.
1663 [Februaiy 3-] 13. Lisbon — " Now, I hope you may truly
report to any friends in England who shall ask after us both
that all danger of my wife's present indisposition is over ; [if]
you had happened to set sail yesterday you must either have
• The letter book htw ** a« in the case of erecuitors.wbere a orediior or legatee
pats in a jixBt daim or demand and ihe others as justlyplend they want assets to
perform. In one thbi^ I am sore your Lordship will coinfeflB my Lord Inchiquin
dearly in the rig:ht, namely in has high enloginms of ibe Qnieei^Mother, and all
that are of a ooStrary opiruon in a prjisi err^r/' Th? last two paragraphs of the
draft are not in the copy.
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said nothing thereof, which was then desired, or told quite another
story, which, coming to her father's ears, might nave caused
misgiving apprehensions in him, which, I must confess, I myself,
present, was not wholly free from. But God be thanked.
The enclosed to Mr. Ghiffinch is the warning I give him of you,
and this present is my letter of attorney to you to solicit nim
daily for a thing he wots of. ... I have considered this
night in my bed — ^having my mind more at ease than before —
of what you started in discourse yesterday, occasioned by the
prospect of the Tagus from my house, concerning how acceptable
and useful a yacht for a present from his Majesty to this Kine
might be, as also how commodious and honourable a principal
barge as a boon from his Majesty to myself." I should be glad
if you could throw out a hint of it, when you give his Majesty
the draught of this incomparable post, but I dare not presume
to give you any commission therein. Copy in letter book. 1 p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to his "ancient good friend," Tom
Ghiffinch.
166e3, February [3-] 13. Lisbon — **' Having not received a word
to this hour concerning my picture of our master in a jewel,
pursuant to his MajestVs reiterated directions and your promises
to see it done and sent away after me, ... I have given to
the bearer hereof, Gaptain Holmes, my letter of attorney to arrest
you for it, that is to say, never to leave haunting you until it be
got" and sent to me. I should not so impudently urge this
were it not that I think the grace shoTvn to his ambassador would
do his Majesty service here " the nature of princes and states being
to value, not only a messenger, but his errand, too, at the rate
his master appears to value him, neither more nor less. And
now, before I part from this subject of pictures — ^being your own
element — ^let me request you to bespeak and remit to me with
some convenient speed a copy of that you have of the Bang's
tutor in his robes of prelate of the garter. I wish it no better
copied than that of his Majesty in great by Mr. Stone, which is
the honour of my house here. When it is finished my father.
Sir John Harrison, will pay for it upon my account." Copy in
fetter hook. 1 p.
Sir EricHAJiD Fanshaw to the Mabqfe^^ de Sande.
1663, February [3-] 13. Lisbon — ^Has been charged with the
enclosed for the Queen and his Excellency, in behalf of the
Queen-Mother, and begs to hear as soon as may be that they have
been received. Spanish. J p. Copy in letter hook.
Enclosing,
1. The King of France to the Pope.
1662, August [20-]30. St. Germains — Complaining of th^
attack made upon the Due de Criqui, his ambassador e^traordi-
nary, the ambassadress and other French in the streets of Rome
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by the Corsiean guards and demanding saUs faction. Copy,
Trandaied into Portugtiese, | p.
2. The King of France to the Cardinals,
Same date and to the same effect. Copy in Portuguese,
3. King Louis XIV,
1661, Fdfruary [16-J26. Vincennes — His Majesty hamng
received a complaint from the Comte de Fuensaldague [Fuen-
saldana]^ ambassador from his Catholic Majesty, that certain
Frenchmen have taken service in Portugal in contravention of
the treaty between France and Spain, this is to order all such
his subjects to leave Portugal and return into their own country
within three months, French, Copy in Sir Richard Fan-
shavfs letter booh.
Snt BicHABD Fanshaw to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1663, March [2-] 12. Lisbon — ^I have already told your liord-
ship of the ^at eagerness with which the present ministers of
this court, since the change of government, received the sugges-
tion that our King might be willing to assist in procuring a
peace with Spain and flieir insistance that he should enter as
mediator into the treaty. This continued ** until the arrival from
France of Mons. Colbert, by the name of Mons. Cameton, with
intimations of underhand assistances from that crown by means
of a marriage of this King to Mademoiselle, upon condition
nevertheless — as I was afterwards told by no inconsiderable
person — that they should conclude nothing with Castile." My
suspicion was that the French King meant either to frustrate all
endeavours of peace or to supplant our master in the honour
of being the mediator therein " by his Majesty's wedding the
cause as well as the daughter of Portugal, when the French had
utterly abandoned it. ... I have since my last discovered
the following instance, which I take to be very pregnant in the
case": — On the 12th of January last, this style, the Conde de
Castelmelhor — doing me the honour to visit me at my house —
asked me to recommend him to some English ship with a trust-
worthy master, to take an incognito to Barcelona and bring back
another person, for the special service of this court. I next day
recommended a ship, but "less than the Royal Catherine, a
merchant ship, but of great force and excellent accommodation,
would not serve the turn." With the good will of the owner —
Mr. Abraham Jacob-— this ship was had, and on the 20th of
January set sail with an incognito, apparently not of high
quality, who told Mr. Jacob that on reaching Barcelona road
a person would immediately embark and come for Portugal,
while he that went from hence remained in Spain. What I have
newly discovered is that this incognito was by name Joseph
Jardin, secretary of the French embassy in lAadrid, and his
father, the French Queen's jeweller. A brother of his was sent
here as agent before, but taken by the Turks, and he or another
of the brothers had relation to Mons. Oominges, now ambassador
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in England. Add to this the choice this court has made of the
Count de Chomberg to command the English here, under the title
of General of foreign auxiliaries, — ^whereas when the Earl of
Insiquin recommended him as his successor they rejected the
motion, desiring to be rid of him — ^it being a question " whether
of the two crowns of England and France will have more influence
upon them so commanded and especially if recruits of men and
money shall come from France," and add also the fact Aat when
Cominges had been here as ambassador he reported very meanly
of this nation on his return to France— for which the Portuguese
ambassador there, the Conde de Souvre,* sent him a challenge —
and ** I am apt to infer that he looks upon Portugal either as a
present prey to the Spaniard, or a future windfall to the English,
both of which he would prevent by his activity. Add lastly that
the Marquis of Sande, — ^who was not long since ready to be ex-
ploded this court for his good service both to it and ours in negoti-
ating the marriage, — ^is said to be gone or going ambassador for
France," Don Francisco de Melo succeeding him in the business
of England. Count Chomberg, in " several winding discourses,"
has tried to gain my concurrence with his appointment, but I have
told him clearly tnat if his Majesty shoiild send another from
England to command the troops I should have myself to present
such person to this King. This I said in regard of my proposals
to his Majesty concerning the new modelling of the English
auxiliaries, " these, cautions being in no sort contradictory to what
I have several times formerly written that I took Mons. Chom-
berg, in regard of his particular long experience here, and know-
ledge of the language, to be the ablest commander as to this war
and kingdom of any stranger, but rather in part proceeding from
this verv consideration- For conclusion of all I hope before
this comes to hand to receive from your Lordship his
Majesty's sense upon the matter thereof, not contenting
yourself with showing me my folly — as hitherto — ^by silence
only, because the wise man — upon second thoughts — advises to
answer a fool according to his folly, lest he be wise in his own
conceit ; there being till then something of just excuse for these
hot vapours of mine from a heart passionately concerned for my
King and country, namely, that I am but as the schoolmen who
were said to be wild with dark keeping, whereas if I had the least
Hffht from authority that the Marquis of Sande and Mons. de
Cominges there have been opener to his Majesty than this Court
is here to me " and that his Majesty and the French King have
the same design and interest, I would do ray utmost to promote
the endeavours of both. In the meantime I may be pardoned
if I continue my lealousv of French influence, especially if the
RoycJ Catherine should bring back from Barcelona some person
out of France — ^by the way of Madrid — of jorreat quality, abilities
or both, who may have the power though not the title of an
ambassador. The commissioners for the treaty are shortlv to
meet upon the borders, with little enough expectation, I confess,
on either side. The ministers here, although they tell me
* Juan da Coeta^ Oonde ^ SouTre or Soure.
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nothing, treat me with great civility and express all the confidence
imaginable in my ^ood affections to this crown. " If I have not
talked idly ever since I began — ^which was my first fear — ^yet
now I find myself plainly coming to it by talking long, and
therefore make haste" to say farewell. Draft, very much
eorreeted. 7 pp.
Sir Henry Bennet to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1662-3, March 6. Whitehall—" Tour Lordship's of the 7th
past — new style — ^was the first I have ever been honoured with
from you, wherein I did with much resentment on your Lord-
ship's behalf perceive with how much disconsolation you have
been left in that emplovment for want of a punctual corres-
pondence from hence, which it falling into my lot to make good
for the future, I beseech your Lordship to rely upon the promise
I make you herein that no occasion shall pass wherein you shall
not either receive letters from me or an humble excuse for the
want of them, with all the news here that may relate either to
your employment or satisfaction. *
Having said this I am to give your Lordship account that T
obtained of his Majesty to hear your two letters of the 6th and
10th February read to him by me in the presence of his Royal
Hio'hness, the Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer, Lord General,
Lord CJhamberlain and my Lord Ashley, at which meeting the
matters your Lordship proposed in the said letters were debated,
and I commanded to make this return to them. In the first place
that his Majesty values much your Lordship's care and applica-
tion to all things that concern "his service and satisfaction in the
promotion of the afFairs of that kingdom, which he hath taken
particularly into his thoughts, with an intention and purpose
to contribute all the advantages he can possibly thereunto.
Towards which his Majesty would have been very glad that his
royal mediation might have been worth something in the treaty
of peace or suspension of arms which it is conceived hath been
kept on foot this last winter between his Catholic Majesty and
them, but finding himself not called upon therein by either side
he could not properly take notice of it.
As to the proposition your Lordship makes of having my Lord
Rutherford sent into those ports in his way to Tangier with a
strength to succour that kingdom, they rendering some caution-
ary towns to secure to his Majesty the repayment of his charges
and securing his men, it is not held a practicable thing upon
them, they showing such an aversion to the admittance of
strangers.
Upon the observation of this and many others in the like nature
his Majesty is infinitely troubled to see how little that kingdom
is likely to contribute to its own preservation, notwithstanding
which he is resolved to leave nothing undone which may depend
on him, according to which his Majesty commands me to let you
know that by the end of this month at the farthest there shall
be in the river of Lisbon at least seven of his best men-of-war,
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victualled from their parting hence for eight months, to give
countenance to all the undertakings of the King of Portugal
this summer, by securing their ports from being blocked up and
the return of their fleet from Brazil. In fine with orders to do
all things that shall be for the benefit of that kingdom, except
only the breaking downright the peace with Spain. And that
moreover, by the time aforesaid, there shall be paid to his Majesty
of Portugal s orders two hundred thousand crowns for the benefit
of his affairs, which they will understand to whom they shall be
beholding for it.
As for what concerned the miserable condition in which his
Majesty's troops are there he looks upon it with infinite per-
plexity of mind, as not seeing any way before him by which to
give them ease, nor thinking it fit to add any new ones for their
recruit, unless be could see some better assurance for their enter-
tainment. As for the six thousand pounds you mention to be
raised from the remainder of the portion, it was ordered by his
Majesty to make up the deduction of the Portugal pay from
what the English was before, as a pure effect of his goodness and
commiseration of the troops. To encourage which his Majesty
hath commanded me to write by this occasion a kind letter for him
to the said troops, which I hope will be ready to accompany this.
With which, having told you the Parliament sits now again,
that our affairs are in the same state you left them, that the King
and Queen are both in good health — God be thanked — and that
we feel the spring: growing hastily upon us, I have no more but
to offer you my humble services." [In WUliamson^s hand-
toriting, signed hy Bermet.'] 3 J pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw^ to Colonel Molesworth.
1663, March [7-117. Lisbon — Concerning the complaints made
against him (Molesworth) by Major-General O'Brien that he had
inveighed in all companies against his brother, the Earl of Inchi-
quin, and against himself, the said Major-General, as having
designed to pass over with the English troops to the Spaniards.
Draft. [There is a copy of this, undated, in the Portugal
Correspondence^
Robert Cocke to his Excellency [Sir Richard Fanshaw].
1662-3, March 15. Lisbon — "A demonstrance to show your
Excellency how the Consul [Maynard] do follow the steps of
his old master Cromwell, the great traitor and usurper.
" 1. He first, under colour of religion and zeal to the good old
cause, with great humility did so far insinuate himself with the
merchants that they named him consul and procured his confir-
mation by Cromwell, then he began to act, and immediately
thrust out Consul Robinson, authorised to serve by virtue of his
Majesty's patent, trampling all respect and loyalty to his Majesty
under feot. pretending zeal to the cause.
" 2. Wherein he did not only abuse his Majesty's favour
bestowed on the said Robinson, but usurped the consulship and
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place of a worthy gentleman, Colonel Thomas Rawdon, who for
the loyalty and good service done his Majesty of blessed memory
by Sir Marmaduke, his father, and himself, being employed
hither to King John of Portugal as agent from his Majesty, then
in Oxford, not having else to bestow on him gave him the patent
of this place, which by reason of the persecution the poor
royalists lay under by that tyrant Cromwell, especially the
active persons in the service of his Majesty, were forced to fly
away to save their lives when they had lost their estates by
Cromwell and unjust sequestration, and in the absence of the
said Colonel, then being in the Barbadoes, procured the place
belonging to the said Colonel, keeping it violently from him,
which is the highest degree of usurpation.
" 3. The place of consulship was augmented to half per cent-,
which formerly was but a quarter, in consideration that the
nation might maintain a minister, which out of the consulship
should be paid 300 mil reis a year, for some time did enjoy an able
honest minister, his life and conversation agreeable to his doc-
trine, but the ill treating of him by the consul in words and
not paying him according to promise made him forsake the
place, to the great grief of all the nation, which the consul did
to defraud the ministry and usurp the 300 mil reis to himself
as he hath done for the space of three years.
" 4. He hath likewise defrauded an d usu rped the place of Pay-
master General from Sir Peter Weich [Wycne], which place was
bestowed on him by his Majesty and came over with the soldiers
to that purpose, and did execute the place with loyalty, but such
was the subtle dealing of the consul, he possessed himself of the
place.
* 5. He likewise hath by a false and sinister way, in raising
scandals against the person and ability of Robert Cocke, not only
to the usurping of his place, but endeavouring to take away his
good name, reputation and life, which place was given him by his
gracious Majesty in recompense of good and loyal service done
his Majesty of blessed memory, and his sacred Majesty, whom
God preserve, and give him victory against his enemies and true
knowledge of those fained friends which pretends loyalty, which
if occasion should present, as God forbid, would be the first to
execute the malice and then pretend service for persecuting his
Majesty's loyal subjects, as tne consul now dotn in a wicked
and malicious way, accusing of honest men and royalists under
title of fanatics and some criminally for their lives, as he did
Mr. Edward Biidgwood, Mr. William Peach, and Mr. Roger
Bradall, all honest men and loyal subjects to his Majesty. Manv
specified in this paper were great sufferers for his Majesty^
cause, when he the said consul was an active rebel in the service
of Cromwell, though his impudence permits him to name them
under the notion of fanatics.
" 6. He makes nothing of breach of patent, giving himself
titles and styles never allowed him, naming himself agent and giv-
ing his two votes in elections, as if [he] were an absolute prince,
whose spiring mind and ambitious heart suits no subject, much
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less to 80 mean a quality, for to reckon up other particulara
would be too tedious and troublesome, but I give God thanks
that it hath pieced his Majesty to provide so wise and judicious
a minister in chief as your Excellency, on whom myself and the
greatest part of the nation relies for justice, not suffering him
to execute further violence on his Majesty's loyal subjects." 2
pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to [Major-General] Christopher
O'Brien.
1663 [March 18-]28— Hearing from the Palace that the King
has determined to send you to England — ^together with the infor-
mations from Madrid which have been the cause of your imprison-
ment — by the frigate which will presently go for London from
the Tower of Belen, I replied that I believea you had accounts
to settle with the ministers here first, and that you ought to
have permission for your friends and servants to come and go
freely. To this they have answered that the said accounts
shall be settled to-morrow and that the request as regards your
fiiends and servants is reasonable. Spanish. Copy in letter
book. ^ p.
Annexed^
1. Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sir Richard
Fanshaw.
1663, March [20-]30 [sic]. The Palace— Statina that the
King has resolved to send &Brien to England, and that his
accounts will he arranged at once, Portuguese. Copy. J p.
2. The Same to the Same.
1663, March [21-]31. The Palace— Stating thai he has
given orders for the admission to Major-General O^Brien
of all those bea/ring the arnbassador^ s pass. Portuguese.
Copy. 4 p.
3. . The Same to the Same.
1663, March [16-]26 — Stating that, as regards the business
of Bom Christopher O^Brien^ they have received intelligence
from persons of credit in Castile that the Earl of Inchiquin
was in treaty in England with the Castilian minister Moledi,
for the parsing over to Spain of his brother Christopher,
vnih all his troops. Portuguese. Copy. ^ p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to his brother [in-law], Sir Philip
Warwick.
1663, March [20-]30. Lisbon— I could not have thought it
possible for me to have subsisted so long without any of the
moneys due to me from the Exchequer, which I see no chance
of your getting when I consider that the warrants which my
Lord Treasurer and the Chancellor of the Exchequer signed for
me upon the customs, where we do not want friends, are still
unsatisfied.
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" Between you iind me I suppose I may adventure to say
tkat wlien I was named to this embassy neither the English nor
Portugal ministers that concluded the match did expect to receive
suiticient to deilray it upon account of the after payments of our
Uueen's portion ; much less, as things have gone since in this
Oourt, by removing the Queen Mother from the (iovernment,
with many particular disgusts heaped upon herself and all those
her Majesty employed in greatest trusts, upon this very score,
say they, tnat she exhausted the wealth and aliened the llowers
of the crown for the advancement of that one child ; but what
[sicj talk of them, succeeding ministers and governments being
always ready enough to speak and hear things to the disadvantage
of their predecessors, lo return where I was. Did not Bishop
Kussell at Hampton Gourt^ to my face, make a mockery of peoples
talking of second payments of the portions of Queens, especially
in reference to Portugal, so wasted and oppressed as it is with
wars P Did not the Marquis of Sande — ^I have noted it to you
heretofore — ^in a letter to myself, pleading for Duarte de Sylva,
affirm that, the portion being so great, more than longer days of
payment might be expected in favour of Portugal," yet at the
lowest ebb of my hopes, '' not making it my particular case at
all or abating one jot of my manly countenance, I obtained lately
so much of our gracious Queen's portion as will satisfy near half
my arrears, not dispairing, now the ice is broke, of exempting
myself from a necessity of troubling your Exchequer again upon
the account of this pilgrimage." I may well fail to receive the
whole, for the little time which I hope I shall be continued
abroad, no great sums " being possibly to be had here in the
present most exhausted condition of this crown and kingdom,
a potent monarch and nation at fidl leisure pressing them within
their gates. This pass, by God's blessing, I have happily brought
it to, that the King . . . hath expressly owned and given
earnest for the whole remainder of the portion, with many oblig-
ing expressions to boot in reference thereunto, which I have to
shew in black and white." Of one thing, however, I must warn
you, viz. : — ^That this Ein^ having raised the value of gold and
intending to raise that of silver will probably wish to pay it
at the raised value, which would defraud us of a fourth, to which
I shall never consent without his Majesty's express orders. *' I
do assure you without vanity, if either a rougher or a tamer
fellow than myself had had the soliciting of this matter he might
well have been a great while longer at it without any token
either of earnest or acknowledgment : how I have gained ground
by degrees may make a story apart, one of these days." Copy
in letter booh. 3 pp.
Sir Bichard Fanshaw to Secretary Morice.
1663, March [21-]31. Lisbon — ^I have only just received yours
[of Novemher 19. See above, jj, 48], acknowledging mv des-
patches, and I thank you for "reducing their tedious length
to a compass supportable by his Majesty." This is the only letter
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from any minister of state which has come to my hands, " ex-
cepting two from Mr. Secretary Bennet, both of them of very
high civility to my person, but neither of them containing any-
thing in reference to my employment, his honour not having,
at the writing thereof, received any particular light concerning
it. Those proposals which went from this crown with my Lord
Inchiquin your honour and the Council there had very gteat
reason to judge extravagant, if the Marquis of Sande, when he
was so property called by the Board to explain thereupon, had
nothing either out of old or new instructions to say beyond the
letter. To him the original was sent from his master to manage
it, the secretary only giving me a copy." Cojjy in letter hook.
ip.
Sm EicHARD Fanshaw to Sm John Mennes.
1663, March [21-]31. Lisbon—" The inclosed is from your
old fellow traitor, Mr. Cock, who yet — ^for a man of your way —
hath been always held honest." He says, and I believe it, that
hi« victualKng accounts to the Commissioners of the Navy are
so also and that he has remitted them duly from time to time.
"If both these things are true the man hath very ill-luck,
which is another sign of an honest man as well as of a proper
one." Pray get his bills answered for him if you can that he
may lose nothing but his place. If I had not interposed with
the landlord he would now have been in gaol for the rent of the
store-house.
" I and all mine present our very affectionate services to you
and to your new lady when you have her ; wishing you better
health than the soundest of us have been able to boast of since
we came here ; the Menessian air not greatly agreeing with any
of us." I hope you will soon be sending a trim squadron to
defend us from the Spaniards. I pray you let the Captains have
instructions to pick up the pirating Ostenders and Biscayers,
who pillage "friend and foe with and without pretence. Not
so much as a letter can come hither secure without a frigate,
and therefore I pardon the having received but one from you
in the space of eight months that I have now been here, provided
you put forth lustily in the spring. But you will not write a
man any news then neither, though as ignorant of all things
there as those need to be that are in Japan, and moreover your
old friend and servant." Copy in letter oooL 1^ pp.
Snt Richard Fanshaw to Lord Viscgitnt Cornbury.
1663, March [21.]31. Lisbon— On the 15th December I sent
you a letter for oiir gracious Queen from her mother, which I
hope came safe to hand. I now send what will be less welcome,
" a written plain relation, containing only matter of fact, of the
manner of the Queen Mothers retreat here to a house which her
Majesty intends to found into a nunnery ; and then some prints,
stating the present condition of the affairs of Portugal, eccleei-
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astical, civil and military ; upon which poles— one more than the
heavens turn upon — ^wiil move all that I have occasion to adver-
tise your Lordship hereajfter." Copy in letter book. J y.
Snt Richard Fakshaw to 8ik Kenelm Uigbv.
1663, March '[21-]31. Lisbon — ^I am sorry I cannot send
you either the seed-pearls or the honey of Algarves which you
desire. The first, I find after long and diligent inquiry, are no
longer to be got in this country for money, by reason of deadness
of trade, and for the latter, we only arrived here when all the
honey was taken and mixed with bean-meal, as is the custom,
so that we bought none for our own use. When we do I will not
forget your orders. ** This is my wife's account, who joins with
me, as in services to yourself, so in a petition that you would cast
us botii and all ours at the feet of our gracious Uueen. . . .
We beg likewise our most humble services at Bristol House to my
Lord and my lady. When 1 have seen all the spring and the Bra-
zil fleet produce here, I shall not forget his Lordship's commands
neither, as to flowers and birds. Till then any letter of mine
would be too empty a thing to put into a hand whereto I owe
my primitive obligations. I am sorry that this to you comes so."
Copy in letter hook. 1 p.
Henby Uumbold, English Consul at Cadiz, to [Sm Richakd
Fanshaw].
1663, March [21-]31. Cadiz — ^Letter of intelligence, of which
the original, sent by Fanshaw to ISir Henry Bennet, is in the
Spanish Correspondence at the Public Record Oflice. Amongst
the items of news it is stated that two thousand soldiers have
arrived from Italy in Dutch ships under the command of Espi-
nosa, a Catalan much affected to the French, and also seventeen
hundred men from the Canaries, sent at the islands' own charge,
to fight against Portugal ; that the Sang of Spain has sent to
England to know if that King will own Lord Windsor's action in
Cuba,* but will probably be easily answered, as experience shows
that " the Spaniard is most pliable when best beaten ; " and that
there are hopes that the match of Portugal with France will
E)ceed, as a post has come to the Duke of Medina Celi that the
ng of France has sent the Due de Crequi to the frontiers and
that he and the Pope are, by their Commissioners, fully agreed.
Li the margin is an abstract of the contents in Spanish, as sent
to the Portuguese Secretary of State, and against one para-
graph — ^which states that five hundred run-away English soldiers
have arrived from Portugal — ^is written, ** In the extract hereof,
which I sent to the secretary, I left out this part, being a thing
not to boast of." Copy in letter hook. 2 pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Sm John Harrison.
1663 [March 25-]April 4. Lisbon — ^Requesting him to " de-
liver and distribute " all the packets which he sends him sealed
• See p. 34 abuve.
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up in a bag of green serge, and of which, he encloses a list signed
by Capt. Hodges. For news begs to refer him to his wife's*
letters, as his necessary despatches have quite tired him out.
Copy in letter hook. } p.
The enclosure.
Captain Richard Hodges.
1663, [March 2f>-']ApTil 4. Lisbon — Acknowledgment by
Richard Hodges^ Commander of H.M, frigate, the Wester-
gate, that he has received the following packets and letters,
viz. : —
Packets for Sir Henry Bennet, Sir William Morice, the
Marqiiess of Sande, Viscount Combury and Mr. Samuel
Boothhouse;
Letters for the Lord Chancellor, Secretary Morice, Sir
Philip Warwick, Sir John Mennes, the Earl of Insiquin,
the Earl of Portland, Sir Kendm Digbie, Ferdinando
Mar sham, Esq., and Sir John Harrison;
And two printed papers in Latin, touching the want of
confirmation of Bishops in Portugal for each of the follow-
ing :—
The Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, Sir John Harrison,
the Bishops of London, Lincoln, Salisbury and Winchester,
the Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Earle, Dean of West-
minster, Dr. Creighton, Dean of Wells, Dr. Heavers, Pre-
bendary of Windsor, Dr. Hich [_Hickes?^ in Yorkshire and
Sir Philip Warwick. Copy in letter book. 1 p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Major-General O'Brien.
1663 [March 29-] April 8. Lisbon—" Since I parted from you
I have ruminated how I might turn some discourses you held
to me yesterday in the Tower of Belem to your best advantage,"
and have sent my secretary to you, " being really myself not in
condition of health to repeat that journey and small voyage to
boot." If you wiU trust me with the letters from my Lord your
brother ana your answers, I promise you, on the word of a gentle-
man, to return them speedily, to make use of anything in them
that I can for your service, and to wrest nothing in them to yt)ur
prejudice.' Copy m letter book, f p.
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sir Richard Fanshaw. .
1663 [March 29-]April 8. The Palace— Thanking him for
certain papers received and stating that he now sends the order
to the Governor of Belem to deliver up Dom Christopher O'Brien
to his Excellency's order. Portuguese. Copy in letter book.
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Sir Richabd Fansfiaw to Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo.
1663 [March 29-]April 8 — ^Having understood that the King
of Portugal had finally resolved that Major-General Christopner
O'Brien should be embarked immediately in the English frifi'ate,
the Govemor of Belem now informs him that he has had no
orders to that effect. If it had not been for lack of a favourable
wind the frigate would have already sailed. Spanish. Cojry,
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Senok Miguel Bravo, Gove^rnor
of Belem.
1663 [March 30-]April 9. Lisbon— Stating that the order
for the embarkation of Major-General O'Brien comes from the
Eang of Portugal, and that the " security and gratitude " are
given by Sir Richard himself. Spanish, Copy. \ p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Major General O'Brien.
1663 [March 30-]April 9. Lisbon — I yesterday had a letter
from the Secretary, with one for the Governor of Belem, both
importing that the said Governor was to deliver you to my orders,
that you might pass to England in H.M. fngate West€Tga;te,
Captain Richard Hodges, commander, I being surety that you
would, on your arrival there, render yourself to Sir Henry
Bennet. But the Governor now tells me that as you were com-
mitted to his custody by a deereto of the King, he can only
deliver you up on a like deereto ; and as I do not think it my
business to urge it at this time, I must, if the frigate goes
without you, try to serve you in some other way. In case they
should yet dispatch you, I oeg you give the enclosed to Secretary
Bennet. Copy in letter hook. 1 p.
The enclosure,
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sir Henry Bennet.
1663 [March 29'^April 8 — Certificate, in Spanish and in
English, thai Major-General Christopher O'Brien is a
prisoner on parole, and '^ as free a passenger as any on
hoard " the Westergate, but promises to render himself to Sir
Henry Bennet, to answer the charges preferred against him
hy the King and ministers of Portugal. Copies. Each ^
p. [The original, in Spanish, is in the Portugal Corres-
pondence, hut unthotU the superscription.'\
Secretary Morice to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663, March 31 — ^I have received several letters from you,
but none of my replies seem to have come to your hajxds.
You will have an account of the debates in Council concerning
Portugal from another hand, " for since the lajdng down of Mr.
Secretary Nicholas and the stepping up of Sir Henry Bennet
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into his place, by a new partition of provinces betwixt us, Portu-
gal is fallen to his lot." The King is willing to give six months'
pay to the English troops there, to be paid by the King of
Portugal out of our Queen's dowry. ** His Majesty, before the
Parliament, set forth a declaration holding out some liberty
and indulgence to all different parties in religion, but the House
of Commons resented [sic] it not, and after much debate and
sundry traverses between both Houses they jointly agreed to
petition the King to make proclamation for the proscribing all
popish priests and Jesuits except such as by contract of marriage
were to attend both the Queens, and by the law of nations to wait
on ambassadors. The House of Commons is fond of the Act of
Umif ormity ; in other things apt to comply with the King, though
itot with that prowess of affection which they carried down with
them." Copy in letter book. 1 p.
English Officees in Portugal to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, April [1-]11. EUvas — ^Announcing that the appoint-
ment of Count Schumberg to command the regiment had been
received by the troops with joy and cries of *' a Schumberg, a
Schumberg," assuring him of their fidelity, and acquainting him
that their late Lieutenant-Colonel * has been tried by a Council
of "War and sentenced to be shot, from which only his Ex-
cellency's olemency can save him. Twenty-six signatures. Co^
in letter book.
Captain Richard Hodges to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663, April 4. H.M. ship Westergaie — Complaining that being
come as low as St. Julian s, in the Bay of Wares [Oieras] and
forced to anchor there, several guns were fired at than, so that
they were obliged to anchor amongst the rocks. Copy in letter
book. \ p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo.
1663, April [6-] 15 — Complaining of the conduct of the Gover-
nor of the Castle of St. Julian in firing upon one of his Majesty's
ships, and demanding an explanation. Spanish. Copy in
letter book. \ p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to the Conde de Castelmelhor.
1663, April [7-] 17 — States that he has received a letter from
Sir Henry Bennet, Secretary of State, who is charged with the
affairs of Portugal. The King of England thanks the Count
for his good oflices, hopes to send six of his great ships to the
river of Lisbon before the end of the month, and offers his
assurances that he will do everything possible for the good of
Portugal, short of an actual rupture with Spain. Spanish.
Copy in letter book. \\ pp.
* This k Col. Guy Molesworth. See a letter of Consul Ma3mard'8, dated March 21-31,
iu the Portugal Correspondence.
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Sir Richard Fansuaw to the King of Portxtgal.
1663, April [11-]21 — Certifying the titles of honour and laws
of precedence in use in the English nation. Spanish. Copy
in Letter hook. 2 pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sm Henry Bennet.
1663, April [11-]21. Lisbon — ^Rough draft and two copies of
letter in Spanish concerning the proposed treaty between Spain
and Portugal, the letter actually sent being in the Portugal
Correspondence at the PubUc Record Olhce.
Annexed,
Copy of the '" Mercwrio Portuguez^* for March, 1663,
a small pamphlet, endorsed by Fanshaw : ** This gazette
speaks something of the Treaty between Spain and Portugal,
as I presume everyone ivill do more or less as long as any
show of life shall remain therein. For Mr. Secretary Bennet.
4^ printed pages.
Earl of Clarendon to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663, April 12. Worcester House — ** I will make no excuse to
you for my long silence, nor for having been so many months
without acknowledging the many letters I have received, much
less will I make any excuse for those whose province it is to keep
a constant correspondence with you, and I hope the new secretary
who hath drawn Portugal into his partition will be more par-
ticular with you, for I do know by very sad experience now
melancholy a thing it is to be an ambassador and not receive fre-
• quent advertisements from his master and his ministers. When
I have told you that I was thrown into my bed, in the middle of
November, by the fiercest fit of the eout I ever underwent, inso-
much that I scarce writ a letter in lour months, nor am yet — in
truth — recovered to any good state of health, you will easily
excuse my omissions ; out I assure you I have been as solicitous
both in sickness and in health for the good of Portugal as I
(x>uld possibly be, and I could endeavour nothing effectually but
by secret and underhand treating with France, for which I have
had a good opportunity and of which you will find very good
^ effects. I do very freely confess to you that the prospect you
presented to us was v eiy dismal, and the expedients you proposed
very unpracticable. We never had the least imagination that
there could be any reality in the treaty from Spain, and had all
moral assurance to the contrary, and by this time I hope you are
all undeceived. All the overtures made by you did suppose us
to be in a condition very different from what ours is, and from
what I did conceive you could imagine it possible to be. Alas,
my Lord, we have no money to send fleets or troops upon adven-
tures, nor can anybody imagine that the burden of a war of
Portugal can be sustained upon the weak shoulders of the Crown
of England. The King hath — ^with difBcidty enough — ^be«n able
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to set out a fleet now to assist that kingdom, but if care be noi^
taken there for payment of the remainder of the portion, the
Sing will have little encouragement or — ^in truth — ability to
continue that expense, and if Portugal doth not manage their
war — ^in the order and conduct of it — more to the satisfaction of
their neighbours they will not long be able to draw help from
^hem. I hope they will gain more reputation this next cam-
'^"^gn than they have done; you will easily believe the news
of the treatment our English troops have had there is verv small
encouragement to make new levies here, and to imagine that the
King can send troops from hence and take care for the payment
of them there is indeed ridiculous, so that they must either resolv>j
to have no need of foreign troops or to provide to have means to
pay them punctually ; for the present the King is contented, out
of compassion to his poor troops, that out of the money due to
him you do procure so much as may make up the pay allowed
there to amount to our own estabUsiiment, which we suppose is
a third part more than they allow there, so that you must press
for so much of the King's money as may raise the payment
of Portugal to our own establishment for three months, and if in
that time they do not take care to make effectual provision
for the troops the King must provide to bring them away, which
wiU put an end to all possible expectation of ever raising a man
for that service; in the meantime and whilst the troops shall
continue there the King is very well contented that they be all
put under the command of Monsieur Shombergh, who being a
Protestant and speaking English well, it is presumed will be very
grateful to the soldiers, who will receive much protection and
advantage from him.
^ There were three hundred horse wanting of the one thousand
horse which should have been sent over, and which were therefore
not sent then only for want of ships for their transportation ;
but the horse were ready in Ireland, and the ships which trans-
ported the other to Lisbon were hired and paid to go from
Portugal to Ireland to take them aboard, but upon the Queen's
arrival here it was desired that the sending of those horse
might be suspended, and so all that charge was lost, and the
ambassador now desires that those horse may be forthwith pro-
vided only with saddles and arms without riders, aod we are
doing all we can to provide accordingly^ -There is nothing
afflicts me more than the very sad condition our English troops
are in, to which it is not in the Bang's power to apply any other
remedy than he hath done, money being every jot as scarce here
as it was at your departure. I suppose you will have by this time
received some letter or declaration of the King to the officers
and soldiers for their encouragement. I do not know whether
the Secretary hath sent you the cop^r of the King's answer to
the formal memorial sent from Portugal, which is now again
given to the ambassador upon his desire, and therefore I send
it again to you, and I cannot but tell you that I look upon the
ambassador as a very worthy honest gentleman and in truth
a man that distinguishes as well between what is to be hoped
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and what is to be "wished as any man can do. who is so much
troubled with the spleen, and so hypochondriac. I know I need
not bespeak you to live with all possible kindness and confidence
towards him. He hath had his patience exercised enough here
by some wranglings and ill-offices by those of his own country,
who no doubt will use the same endeavours to dishonour him
at home and bring disadvantages upon him there, which I am
sure he does not deserve, bein^ (in truth) a man of as great
integrity, seal and affection for his King and country as lives, and
I think in real ability and wisdom to serve them superior to
most of that nation, at least to any I have known. Vl must
likewise recommend very heartily to you ihe Bishop, who hath
not been so kindly treated here as he hath deserved, some men
having been able to do him very ill offices, who if they were
his friends would do him little good. I do very particularly
recommend him to your kindness to do him all the good offices
and to give him all the fair testimonies and vindication from
all reproaches as can be in your power, industry, and dexterity
to do and express towards hinv
I shall give vou no account of news here, which I hope some
other of your mends take care to do. I hope the Parliament
will assist the King with supplies, that all inconvenience may
be prevented in the three kingdoms, in which there remain yet
many restless spirits. God keep you and me." [The last para"
graph only in ClarendorCs own hnndJ] S\ pp
Sir Philip Wabwick to his brother [ii^-law], Sir Richard
Fanshaw.
1663, April 12 — " It is sufficient occasion to keep up an inter-
course of letters that carry little with them — as mine must in
relation to your affairs — ^by what you last hinted that you had
received so few from Aose ministers of state from whom you
might expect them. *What fell out in my province I gave you
a full account of in my Lord Treasurer's answer to the memorial
of the Portugal ambassador, which hath fallen heavy on Don
da Sylva, who hath been in restraint ever since and was but
within these two or three days released. He wanted his liberty,
we our money, and upon the whole matter PamphUus symbolum
dedity we pay the reckoning? I do assure you I walk within
my own circle, and perchance as conjurers do it would not be
safe to tread without it, and therefore, lest I mistake, I must refer
vou to the Major to describe the posture of our affairs, and to
assure you, though the Houses of Parliament complied not \vith
that trust in respect of dissenters from our Church which we
mierht have safely lodged in the King, — ^because we would keep
iam often from importunity, sometimes from misrepresenta-
tions — ^yet it was carried with that prudence and moderation,
duty and respect to the King that you would have said the House
of Commons bad as much mastery of their passions as a
philosopher hath of his, and the intelligence betwixt the King
and them — ^believe me in this — ^is very firm. And had not the
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Roma]i Catholics' pretensions been too rife, our countenancing
the laws against them had not been so pressing. I believe you
have some correspondent sends you all our prints ; for our declara-
tions, reasons upon them, proclamations and gazettes is as much
as any of us can inform yoxi that are of the wrong side of
the curtain. If we could have one of the long walks you and
I were wont to make when my sister grudged us being so oft
and so long together we might find discourse, but since that is
denied you see to what grave authors I refer you. At this time
we hear Queen Mother of France is very ill, and Mons. Hamilton
is dispatched to express our condolement, but it will make more
stir in the world when we hear her brother hath finished his
course ; so many posts, so many years almost have told us of his
being nigh the goal that now I believe he hath found some
place of repose. And as old Archbishop Mathews said to my
Lord Lincoln, he was glad he was a young man that expected the
advantage of his death, for he might tarry for it. Our potent
wealthy neighbour will not embark in any design that may
interrupt that expectation. Methinks you should make the
Prince you are with and his great neighbour friends, for naturally
I am of the Spanish faction — or love that trade — and then we
might be the less embarked.' My sister and babies shall have
never less respect that they have the loss paper, but by this
length you may see how willing I should be to say somewhat,
if I knew what." Copy in letter hooh 1\ pp.
Samttel Boothhoxtse to Snt Richard Fanshaw
1663, April 12. Whitehall — ^Tour many friends and servants
at Whitehall and Westminster doubtless send you all the news,
so I will only tell you " that the great care and pains which your
Lordship took to rectify the Office of Requests hath not found
such good effects as undoubtedly would have succeeded had
yourself continued here to see the administration of it ; for this
day Sir Ralph Freeman told me they were at the old pass with
the Secretaries, and is hopeless of better till your Lordship
returns, which would be ere long if the many wishes thereof
could effect it."
I lent vour lodgings to Sir Ralph Freeman for the last three
months * to accommodate his daughter, who desired to see the
Court entertainments, as balls and plays, which have been fre-
quent this last winter." 1 p.
DxTKE OP York to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663, April 15. Whitehall — " The opportunities of writing to
Portugal nave of late so seldom offered themselves that you
will not wonder that I have not let you know how well satisfied
I am with the letters which I received from you." I have
directed the principal officers and Commissioners of the Navy
to write to you concerning a debt due to the Sing from one
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Bridgewood, and turned over to Mr. Cocke. ** Your very loving
friend, James." Seal of the royal arms in garter, with eoronety
impressed. [The last words in the Duk^s onm hand.'] \ p.
Sm John Mennes to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1663, April 17. Good Friday — " I writ by Major Holmes so
late that I have little to say more than what I then gave you ;
the Parliament being adjourned until the Monday after Easter
week everyone is retired, I hope to their devotions, and we are
in a srreat stillness. His Majesty keeps St. George^s Day,
Thursday in Easter week." I pray you let Mr. Cocke have a
fair hearing when his business is examined. He has always
been faithful to the King, and did and suffered more for him
when Prince Bupert was at Lisbon than the whole body of
merchants. The difficulty in his accounts is merely the want
of some petty vouchers. \ p.
Duke of York to Sm Richaed Fanshaw.
1663, April 18. Whitehall—" Although I wrote to you few
days since, yet in regard liat was committed to the hands of
a person some ways concerned in the subject matter of it, I
have thought fit by this also to let you know that I took very
well the letters which you have written me since your residing
at Lisbon, and likewise to recommend to your care the manage-
ment of a proposal lately made to me, the particulars whereof
you shall receive from my secretary." Copy in letter booh. ^ p
Secketary Morice to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663, April 19 — ^Repeating the information contained in his
former letter [see p. 73 above], which he fears has never reached
the ambassador's hands. Copy in letter book. 1 p.
E[dward] Montague to Lord [Ambassador Fanshaw].
[1663], April 19. London — "I give your Excellency a
thousand thanks for your last favour, and l>ecause I would lose
no opportunity of expressing my service to you I lay hold of
this, mough I have but just the time to write these few lines,
and therefore I beg of you not to mention me to her Excellency
Sefiora Maria de la Cruz till I send you an answer to the
favour she did me, which shall be by the first opportunity. We
have little news at present but such as your Excellency will
meet with in the news books concerning the Parliamentary
affairs. I made your compliment to her Majesty, who received
[it] with all the testimony of kindness, and commanded me
to assure of it. Her Majesty's house and service is now settling,
and will be established I relieve about midsummei', at whidi
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tiine lier Majesty goes to Tunbridge to take the watei^. I have
no more at present, but to assure your Lordship of my being
in all things your most htunble servant
Postscript. — I beg the favour of your Excellency to repre-
sent me to the Queen Mother as her most faithful and obedient
servant.*' 2J pp.
Sra Henry Bbnnet to Sib Richard Fanshaw.
1 663, April 20. Whitehall— Our fleet is now ready for Lisbon,
as also the ships to transport the French regiment, consisting
of twelve hundred men, with many experienced officers. There
qlso goes in specie one of the two hundred thousand crowns
iat were promised, and the other will be ready shortly.
I send you the Portugal ambassador's memorial and his
Majesty's answers thereunto. " It would be a very great comfort
to me to be able to send you with this the news of our Queen's
being with child, but yet God Almighty hath not made us so
happy. Her Majesty talks of going this spring to Tunbridge
and to the Bath, but I think none of these remedies will do
her so much good as the falling heartily to our English meat.
For news I have to tell your Lordship that this day the Duke
of Monmouth was married to the young Countess of Buccleuch,
and at the instant I am writing this 1 suppose his Majesty is
putting them to bed together, but with resolution to part
them presently.* After to-morrow both their Majesties go to
"Windsor for the celebration of St. George's Feast, at their
return from whence we must to the Parliament again, to see
whether they will be as hearty in the revenue as they have been
keen in settling the Act of TJniformity and securing us against
popery. My Lord Rutherford, now Earl of Teviot, is ready
to set sail for Tangier, where we hope his experience, activity
and industry will contribute much to the improvement of tha*^
place."
I long to hear what is going to be done in Portugal this
summer in reference to the war, and what possibility there is of
an accommodation with Spain. " I should not hold it im-
practicable if it were well handled, but the humour of both
those nations renders it difficult enough." I send you a cipher
which we may mutually make use of, as occasion serves. Co/m/
in letter hook. 1\ pp.
Ev closing,
1. Portugal Ambassador to King Charles II,
[1663, ApriTl — Memorial praying (I) thM he will send
the rest of the horse; (2) that he will call upon the Lord
Treasurer and Lord Ashley to take course with John Orun
and John Parker that they may pay the duties owed to the
King of Portugal upon the ships from Brazil; (Z) that
they wiU also put an end to the business of Duarte de SUva ;
C4i) that the Portuguese put out of their houses at Tangier
by Lord Peterborough may have satisfaction. Copy. | p.
* They were both children, he having been bom in 1948, and she in 16S1.
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2. Charles II, to the Portuguese Ambassador,
[1663, Ajjril^ — Answer to the above memorial. His
Majesty has taken the affairs of Portugal much to heart,
but it is impossible for England alone ''not yet recovered
from the distractions it hath lately ensured in the times of
license'^ to assist, and he is therefore trying to ijersiuide the
King of France to interpose also. His Majesty is very sorry
that the succours which, upon earnest entreaty, he has already
sent — instead of being so profitable as by their courage and
experience he knows they might be — are alleged to have been
a considerable damage to that kingdom, and therefore he will
send no m^ore, especially as if they do not receive their accus-
tomed pay they can do no good service, but will transport
these home again as soon as the King of Portugal signifies
his pleasure to that purpose. Meanwhile he has ordered his
ambassador in Portugal to give them three months^ pay out of
what he receives of the Queen^s portion. What encouragement
the King of Portugal has from Castile, concerning the Treaty,
his Majesty knows not, but suspects all overtures of that hind
not to have nrnch sincerity, never having found the least inclina"
tion thereunto in that King, who has done his best to persuade
his Majesty to abandon Portugal. A fleet is now being sent
to defend Portugal from attacks by sea, and do all other
services for that kingdom, " which shall not amount to a mani-
fest declaration of war against Castile, which in all respects
would not be seasonabl e.^^ ^^py- If VP'
Sir Richard Fanshaw to the Bishop of London.
1663 [April 21-]May 1. Lisbon—" Tour Lordship will here-
with receive the copies of settlement of a preacher here to the
English merchants after a long vacancy. Part of the reasons
why I guess it was so long are expressed in the same papers,
to explain which a little further ana clearer your Lordship may
be pleased to take notice that according to the Kteral constitution
thereof the advowson and gift of this cure of souls is in the
English merchants at London trading to Lisbon. Those that
immediately pay the tithes or maintenance are the English
trading here, factors for the most part to the other. The
collector or paymaster the consul, with this difference from
common collectors or paymasters, that without anything to the
contrary in the letter of his patent, — and further he will not be
bound, — during all vacancies, the money goes into his own purse.
Meantime the merchants here resident pretend such mean profits
ought to be applied to the common stock for charitable uses
whereby to ease them, and consequently their principals at
London, that is to say, to the use of the patron of the church
and of them that pay tithes. If it were so in England and no
law for lapses, how many livings would be filled ?
Now in this place the present mischief is remedied for once
without any exceptions on behalf of those in London who might
claim the right of presentation, since, having omitted it for three
2^. F
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years, the strictest laws of England would give it the I^iiig P^o
hac viecy especially to prevent the losing of so great a spiritual
privilege as this by not usaga
Possibly for the future some middling course may be found
out to save both rights without the one prejudicing the other ;
as, that the King by the Bishop of London there or by his
Majesty's public minister here for the time being, may present
in case of so many months vacancy as may be limited, and not
otherwise, unless, by Act of Council preceding this institution,
the gift of this place amongst other foreign cures ought still
to remain in the Bishop, and that all mesne profits should be
in reserve to the next inctimbent, the more to invite one hither
the longer there shall be a vacancy. Certainly without censur-
ing this or that, these or those in^vidual persons, but speaking
as to succeeding times in general, if either the Lisbon consuls
or merchants shall be savers or gainers by a vacancy, a preach-
ing minister here — taking it one time with another — ^is likely
eimer not to be placed or after he is to be worried out." Copy
in letter hook. l\ pp.
William Coventry to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
16d3, April 22 — ^A proposal has been made to his royal High-
ness that if he shoidd * obtain from his Majesty a permission
to employ three of his Dutch prize ships to Brazil — ^his royal
Highness paying the men and victuals — and likewise obtain
from the King of Portugal leave for them to go and return to
Lisbon, it is supposed his royal Highness might make an advan-
tage of ten thousand pounds upon the voyage, or well towards
that sum." There is no doubt as to obtaining the ships.
As to the leave for them to go, you can best speak who are
on the spot. The chief doubt is concerning the probability of
profit. I am told that if they go under the West India
Company they must wait for the return of the fleet, which is
often long, and so eats up the profits, while if they are freighted
by private persons a license mu>st be bought at a considerable
rate ; also that in Brazil, the Governors, unless very well feed,
will not allow them to lade, " which how great a snare of the
profit it may devour I know not," and " that the owners of the
ships often make very bad voyages thither." These arguments
are discouraging, but on the other hand the security of the King's
ships, carrying the King's colours, mi^t induce the merchants
to give a greater freight than usual. His royal Highness would
like you to consult with Sir John Lawson and Capt. Holmes and
give them your opinions in the matter. Coj)y in letter hook.
li PP-
COMTE DE SCHONBERG tO SiR RlCHARD FaNSHAW.
1663, May [3-] 13. Estremos — I could not write to you before,
as for four days I have been almost entirely on horseback.
The enemy, having marched this way, camped yesterday by the
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atream of the Terra. To-day they have continiied their inarch
towards Rioles, but I expect that they will turn to the left
towards Bvora. They yesterday summoned the Castle of Evora-
Monte to surrender, and I am anxious about Evora. These people
will not believe that the enemy will dare to advance so far into
their country, but they will presently see the truth of what I
have often said to your Excellency. The garrison consists of
three thousand men and five hun<lred horses, and I doubt the
enemy attacking it, but believe they will go to Villa Vidosa,
a place which the Portuguese have neglected to fortify, although
it could have been done in a fortnight. Our people will not
understand the danger which threatens them. The enemy may
have about a hundred squadrons, making at least six thousand
horse, and eighteien battalions, making nine thousand foot sol-
diers, while we have nothing like the number of soldiers that
they in Lisbon show upon paper. Some money has come for the
English troops, but not enough to make a month's pav. You
shoxdd represent strongly to the Count of Castelmelhor how im-
Eortant it is at the beginning of the campaign that they shoidd
ave some money, trench Copy in letter oooh 1 p.
Snt Henky Bennet to Sni Bichard Fanshaw.
1663, May 7. Whitehall — ^Tour letters have given me much
light on what you have done in Portugal, which I knew but
very obscurely before. As regards the agreement with Spain, I
see much to discourage me, especially in the number of French
agents resorting to me Portuguese Court, whose movements I
beg you to observe and report.
Mons. de Cominges has been here many months, but deferred
his public entry from his desire to have revoked the order of
Council, forbidding other ambassadors* coaches to attend it.
" "We were fain to send an express to France about it, where we
prevailed to hold our point, with which he made his entry accord-
ing to our rule." Commissioners are named to treat with him,
but he makes such difficulties that we are sending Lord Holies
to France to begin a treaty there. / Sir George Downing is also
to be immediately dispatched to Holland. / Mr. Beling has
returned from Home, and, it is said, has brought no letters for
either Queen in answer to theirs. " The sum is, they are not
indulgent to us either as English or Portuguese. For the former,
we are pretty well quit with them, and for the latter, if you can
behave yourselves well this campaign, I make no doubt but
J ran shall have both King and Bishop with you by their acknow-
edgment.**/ I send you a paper concerning the English officers*
petition. "We are now in great debates in the House of
Commons relating to a final establishment of his Majesty's
revenue and the Militia, before the conclusion in which it seems
earnestly to be desired that inquiry may be made into the hitherto
management of the revenue and the sale of offices, which, thougrh
it seem to be a froward beginning, will I hope end well, and I
make no question of it, if we have time enough before the hot
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weather comes upon us, for 'tis certain this Parliament is com-
posed of persons entirely affected to the Crown, and though
sometimes froward and out of humour, do yet ever return to
their duty to him."
My Lord General and myself have examined Major-General
O'Brien, and I do not so far ** see enough to make me conclude
him actually guilty of any treaty with the Spaniards. To-
morrow we shall make oiir report to his Majesty, and what-
soever the conclusion be in it see it performed with all the respect
and decency which ought to be " towards the Portuguese Court-
The Major-General is at present only a prisoner in his chamber.
Copy in letter book. 2 pp.
COMTE DE SCHONBERG tO SlB RiCHARD FaNSUAW.
1663, May [7-] IT. Estremos — ^Four days ago I told you how
I had urgea our general to send a strong garrison, and that I
had obtained a party and four pieces of cannon, but mostly
just to please me, as he assured me that I need not be anxious
about Evqra, for the enemy would never venture a siege so far
in the country. You know what my apprehensions in this
matter have been, and now they are fulfilled. Two days ago
Don John of Austria put a battery into the Convent de Cannes,
which stands two hundred paces from the wall, and a French-
man who has surrendered, valet to the Engineer Detangres,
says that his master, talking with Jocquet, said that the place
could hold out eight days. Jocquet said that Don John had
asked what fortifications they were beginning at St. Antoine,
and being told that I had wished to make a citadel, but
was stopped by the Court, he replied, "When I have taken
Evora, I will go on with it." By the letters which I have seen
from the King to the Conde de Villa Flor, I perceive that they
order him to relieve Evora, even if it brings on a battle, and
they give me to understand that they hope I shall make no
difficulty about it. As to that the Bang's will is enough for
me, as they do not ask my advice. I have relieved my conscience
by writing to the Conde de Castelmelhor what twenty-five years'
experience of war has taught me, that we have only raw troops
and raw officers, that we can hardly put as much infantry to-
gether as the enemy, and have only three thousand horse to their
SIX, that the four hundred horse from Bera cannot arrive in
time, that from Minho none comes at all, and that if they wish
to hazard the kingdom upon one battie it would only be right to
send from Lisbon all the nobility, all the infantry, and all the
horse. But there seems to be some fate which closes the ears
of the Council to all salutary advice. There are in Evora at
least five thousand armed men and six hundred horses, and if
they only had commanders who knew how to defend a place,
the enemy might despair of taking it. Our English troops would
be on a very good footing if they were paid with some regularity,
and would do very good servica Lieutenant Crook has gone
over to the enemy with his valet, but the loss is not great. I
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am waiting impatiently to liear that the frigates have arrived
and brought us more troops. French. Copy in letter book. 1^
pp.
Sm Bjchabd Fanshaw to the Conde de Castelmeluor.
1663, May [9-] 19 — Stating his desire to accompany the King
upon his proT¥>8ed expedition. Spanish. Copy in letter booh.
CONDE D£ CaSTELMELHOR tO SlR BiCHARD EaNSUAW.
1663, May [9-] 19. The Palace— I have shown the King the
letter in which you desire to accompany him to Alentejo, and he
orders me to tell you that he much values your zeal and will
esteem your company, remembering that — as our chronicles
relate — the then ambassador of England was present at the
famous battle of Algibarrota, when King John L of glorious
memory vanquished the King of Castue of the same name.
Portuguese. Copy in letter book. \ p.
Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sm Bichard Fanshaw.
1663, May [9-] 19. The Palace— We have received two dis-
patches from Alentejo, and know that your Excellency will be
pleased to hear that they are very cneering. Letters from
Jblstremos and Evora say that the people of that city are in good
heart, and that the enemy has received heavy losses from our
attacks. Our cavalry have occupied die highways, and so the
Spaniards neither have nor hope for succours, and have little
food. Their soldiers begin to despair, saying that they are lost,
and the inhabitants and soldiers of the city and our cavalry
outside have taken many horses and killed others. Don Juan
of Austria, to encourage his men, has proclaimed that they will
be allowed to sack Evora, and that they shall have from the
country what will pay all their arrears, but nothing he says
consoles them. Our army have abundance of food, and are long-
ing to go in search of the enemy, and we hope by God's blessing
to have a glorious victory. If Don Juan escapes it will be as
much as he can count on. Portuguese. Copy in letter book.
Sir Bichard Fanshaw to Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo.
1663, May [10-]20 — ^Expressing his joy at the good news from
Alentejo and especially from Evora, which he hopes may be
followed by still better from day to day ** until the end crown the
work ; " and requesting to be told, if possible a day beforehand,
when his Majesty intends to cross the river. Spamish. Copy
in letter booh. \ p.
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Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1663, May [10-]20. Lisbon — ^Requesting him to transmit
certain papers for the Portuguese ambassador in London, and
stating that further letters relate attacks made on Evora by the
Spaniards, in which they lost five hundred men. Portuguese,
Copy in letter hook. \ p.
Sot Richard Fanshaw to Sm Henby Bennet.
1663 [May 11-]21. ' Lisbon — Giving him an account of the
siege of Evora and the prospects of the war. Copy in letter
hook. 2\ pp. [Original amongst the Portugal Correspondence,^
Sm Henby Bennet to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1663, May 12. Whitehall— You will receive by Captain Tre-
lawny his Majesty's reference to you of the petition of the
English ofiicers and soldiers brought hither by him, '' which his
Majesty desires you should make valuable towards them the best
you can, and also this gentleman," who would have carried them
a better and speedier dispatch if he could. I pray you also
*' to favour my old acquaintance. Colonel Michael Dongan, in
his pretence to succeed Major-General O'Brien in his regiment
of horse, whose immediate, officer he was." The Lord General
and myself have made our report concerning the said Major-
General, to the effect that " there was not much ground in either
the OouncLl's or Colonel Molesworth's accusation of him, not
enough to punish him here or indeed enough to detain him any
longer prisoner, but the Portugal ambassador not being of our
mind, he is yet detained upon his word in his own lodging."
Copy in letter book. J p.
Annealed,
1. Petition of the officers and soldiers sent to Portugal
under the Earl of Inchiquin to the King, complaining
that they cannot get their pay from, the Portuguese nvinisters,
and praying for relief , as they are almost starved to decUh,
and have had to sell their very clothes to keep themselves
alive. Copy. 1 p.
2. His majesti/s answer, stating that he ha^s referred the
petition to his ambassador in Portugal, with orders to give
them three m^mths^ pay from the moneys due to him by the
King of Portugal, and that if he ccmnot procure better con-
ditions for them in the future they shall be brought home;
but desiring them in the meantime to serve under the Comte de
Schoriberg (who being a Protestant and much affected to his
Majesty^ s service vrill take all possible care of them), with su>ch
fidelity, courage and patience as may be for the honour of
his Majesty and the nation. Whitehall, May 11, 1663.
Copy. 1 p.
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The Duke of Yobk to Sm Bicha&d Fanshaw.
1663, May 12. St. James — ^You will receive this by Sir John
Lawson, whom his Majesty hath sent with a fleet to Portugal,
and I suppose you will have advices from the Secretary of State
about it, ' only one thing I shall add, which is to desire you
to use idl the metuis you can to get the fleet dismissed as soon
as may be, in regard oi the great expense it is to the King."
I will only now recommend Sir John Lawson to you, and request
you to consult with him and Captain Holmes concerning the
proposition for sending ships to Brazil, of which I wrote to you
before. Copy in letter book. J p.
William Coventey to Sie Richakd Fanshaw.
1663, May 14. St. James — The bearer, Sir John Lawson, will
instruct you concerning all the naval business. He is engaged
in a contract to build the Mole at Tangier, and the sooner you
can obtain liberty for him to go there the better. Letters from
the Earl of Marlborough *' tell us the Portugals have refused
to deliver Bombaim, which you may believe hath put those to
some shifts which went to receive it. . . . The Parliament
hath of late been in some iU-humour, but I hope when they have
pleased themselves with inspection of the revenue and some other
things with which they seem to be offended at, as selling offices
and the Uke, that they will take care for the King's support. ' I
beseech you hasten our fleet home, as much as may be, for the
charge is great." * His royal Highness has written to you about
the ships for Brazil. '' I am sure you will be cautious to
proceed on very solid foundations, or else to lay it aside, that so
catching at a shadow we lose not the substance, of which his royal
Highness hath nq superfluity." Coj?y in letter book 1 p.
Sm Henbt Bennet to Lobd Akbassadob Fanshaw.
1663, May 14. Whitehall—" Since the writing my former I
have received your Lordship's of the 1st instant, together with
an enclosed copy of his Majesty of Portugal's letter to the King,
our master, of 29th April, which I have read to him, his Majesty,
contrary to his accustomed temper, having scarce patience to hear
it through. Whether the Portugal ambassador have delivered
the original or no I cannot tell ; but when he does it is certain
he will make the same observation I do to you now, and it is
that the King, our master, could not in anything be more dis-
satisfied than he is in the letters he hath lately received from
my Lord Marlborough, acquainting him that the Viceroy at
Bombaim hath flatly refused his Lordship to give him possession
of the place, excusing himself upon the insufficiency of my Lord's
power to receive it, which had no less Isic] the Broad Seal to
authorize it. In fine the dishonour and disappointment of such
a thing and the expense his Majesty hath been at to send for it
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hath left him in the last resentments against this usage that
can be imagined. I am told the ambassador here hath endeav-
oured to put his Majesty upon the sending over land into those
countries, which is looked upon as a very poor expedient in such
a case, and I am bid to tell your Lordship that less than the
Viceroy's head and satisfaction for all the damages and expense
his Majesty is exposed to by this disappointment will not sufUce
to pay his Majesty for this affront, it being expected that what
be done of this kind and the possessing us of the foresaid island —
which by the way is found to be far inferior to what it was repre-
sented — come from Portugal itself, without the concurrence of
any demands or diligences on our side/' Notwithstanding this
his Majesty will not divest himself of his concern for Portugal,
and is willing to accept the part the King offers him in the in-
tended treaty, being content that you should act in his name if
the King of Spain consents. " Whatever these overtuies may
produce in the winter, the strength with which both sides are in
the field, and the application with which France is like to foment
the quaiTcl, makes me suspect there will be small fruit of them for
the present." Meanwhile, I shall let you clearly know how we
stand with Spain, as you cannot do anything in the negotiation
' which is likely to be ticklish enough, and amongst people very
reserved, unless you have all manner of lights to direct you."
Last November, an Irish gentleman arrived from Spain '" casu-
ally — as he said — ^in his way towards Flanders, who, having been
known to his Majesty there, to my Lord Chancellor and myself,
more particularly in Madrid, he upon several occasions bewailed
to his Majesty and to both us, the ill intelligence in which we
lived towards Spain," and being pleased with our replies returned
to Madrid with a letter from the kim? to his Catholic Majesty,
and to the Duke of Medina de las Torres from my Lord Chancellor
and myself. Thence he writes to us that the letters were kindly
accepted, that he himself is returning to England shortly, and
that they desire that an ambassador may be sent to Spain. Coj?y
in letter book, 2\ py.
Joseph Williamson to Sir Richard Fanshaw
1663, May 14 — I am pi-oud to be encouraged to address you,
though I can add little to the account of affairs of state, which
you receive fully from Mr. Secretary's own hand. We hear from
Leghorn that " they of Algiers have resolved absolutely to break
with the Dutch, as well to gratify the mutineers among them-
selves as from the pretended exceptions they take to the Dutch,
viz. : — 1, their not redeeming their slaves ; 2, their not furnish-
ing them with pro\T:sions capitulated for, &c. ; 3, their pit>-
tecting Hamburgers, &c." Letters from Cadiz sav they are much
dejected there at hearing from the West Indies of our hostile
carriage towards them, which has wholly ruined their trade.
Postscript — No new Governor of Jamaica is yet resolved on.
Lord Craven is talked of for the office and name, with Col.
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Mostyn to be his Lieut.-Govemor, and go to the island. Mean-
while the King has ordered Sir Chr. Littleton to *' desist those
hostilities upon the Spaniards or other neighbours, as much dis-
turbing the settlement of that plantation." 1^ j/jj.
Earl of Clahendon to Snt Bicuahd Fanshaw.
1663, May 16. Worcester House — Since I writ last to you I
have received yours of the last of March, which is the only letter
I have of yours upon my hands unacknowledged or unanswered,
though Mr. Secretary shewed me the copies of two long material
letters, which you writ him word you had sent to me ; and he
rceived those copies by the same conveyance which brought me
mine of the last of March, but tiie originals I never received;
I suppose he will answer the contents, I shall therefore only
say that I am not at all troubled with the apprehension that
France will get the better of us by supporting Portugal more
efficaciously than we can do, or by being the me(fiator and umpire
of the peace between Spain and them. I am very well content
they shall do the first to what degree they please and to rob us
of the glory of it ; so Portugal be supported, I am satisfied, and
for the other of the peace I do as little suspect it. We shall still
have as much benefit from Portugal by trade as we desire, let
Spain or France do what they will, and so it be still kept
severed from the Crown of Castile, we have our end. But I
perceive the business of the treaty is now more ojnniatred than
ever, the King of Portugal having himself writ to the King
of England, our master, to accept of the office of mediator in
their treaty, and that you may be present at the treaty upon
the frontiers, so that I perceive they think the matter more real
than it is in my power to do, and they say the King of Spain
hath accepted the mediation. This letter from the King of
Portugal would have met with a more cheerful reception and
answer if it had arrived three days sooner, but it was brought
to the King the very next day after we received the news
from my Lord Marlborough of the very unworthy carriage of
the Vice-King of Goa, in refusing to deliver the Island of Bom-
bay into the King's hands according to the treaty. The act is
so foul that less than the head of the man cannot satisfy for
the indignity, and for the damage his Majesty will expect
and exact notable reparation ; and if some sudden satisfaction
be not given there will be an end of our alliance with Portugal,
for the King hath no patience in the consideration of it, and
must conclude that this Viceroy, transported in our own ships fioni
Lisbon, must carry the instructions with him which produced
this foul act, for which the excuses are so childish : (1) That
the King's letter to him for the delivery of it was not attested
l)y the secretary ; that the King's hand was not to the instru-
ment under the Great Seal, &c. Sir Abraham Shipman, who was
to have the command of the island, stays with his men
in a little desolate island twelve leagues from Goa, expecting
when the Vice-King will come into his wits. There is nothing
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more vo be done from hence. If the King of Portugal be in truth
offended with what is done he will immediately send away and
take care that the first news we hear from tnence is that Sir
Abraham Shipman is in possession of the island. If this be not
done with all the circumstances of reparation, farewell the friend-
ship with Portugal, and they are not to wonder if they hear that
we and the Dutdi are united in the £ast Indies, and that we do
all else to their prejudice. This intelligence kept the King from
writing himself to the King of Portugal till he knows his resent-
ment of this high affront, but after you have expostulated highly
upon this affair you are — as I suppose Mr. Secretary will instruct
you at large — ^to let the King of Portugal know that though the
King, your master, is highly affected with this affront, yet, in
confidence that he shall receive speedy justice and reparation,
he will not suddenly withdraw ms care and protection from
Portugal, and therefore he doth accept the mediation between
them and will do what he can to procure an advantageous peace
between the two crowns, and in order thereunto is well pleased
that you are present at the treaty, provided that you adjust all
things in that manner with the Spaniard that your reception
and treatment by them majr be such as is suitable to your
master's honour and the quality you hold in his service, and of
this I need say no more, the Secretary having undertaken to give
vou full instructions to the purposes aforesaid. I shall conclude
with recommending the bearer. Captain Trelawny, to your par-
ticidar care and protection, that he may not in any degree suffer
in the retrenchment of his pay or undergo any other disadvan-
tage by his absence from hence, whilst he hath been soliciting
their service here. He is a very good young man, and his
brothers are much my friends. God keep you and yours."
Holograph. 3 pp.
Eabl of Teviot to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, May 17-27. Aboard the Reserve, near Lisbon Soad —
Though my indisposition at sea might obtain pardon for my
silence, ** yet the Ingh respect I owe your merits and the passion
I have to be honoured with your Excellency's commands en-
gageth me to offer your Excellency by this undigested piece
my most humble respects and obedience, and to beg of you some
light and instructions about Tangier." Will the Portuguese
send some one to estimate the houses abandoned by them and
do you think their pretensions just? Copy in letter book. \ p.
Majob Robeet Holmes to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1663, Mav 17. H.M.S. Reserve, off Cascales — ^I am sorry I
cannot wait on your Excellency, ** by reason my Lord Rutherford
is in such haste for Tangier." I got all your letters except Mr.
ChiflSnch's, who said he was ashamed to write because he could
not get the jewel for the small picture. The great one I send
by wB bearer, Mr. Duncum, a Idnsman of Lord Rutherford's.
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Should you have any despatches for England I can send them
by the sUip which is to ^ake back Lord Peterborough. li
there is no King's ship to be met with I am to cany him back
myself, and in that case will try to persuade him to touch at
Cascales that I may see you. Sir John Lawson is to be at Lisbon
very soon. My most humble service to my lady and your
daughters. 1^ pp.
Sib Bicuakd Fansuaw to the Conde de Castelmelhob.
1663, May [18.]28— I heard from England hj the Secretary's
letter, dated 30th ult., this style, that his Majesty's fleet was
setting out for Lisbon, as also the ships with the twelve hundred
French soldiers and many experienced ofiicers — ^another letter
calls them the regiment of Marshal Turenne, — and that there
was moreover coming one of the two hundred thousand crowns
promised, with assurance that the other will be ready in a short
time. In confirmation of this Captain Holmes wrote to me
yesterday that General Lawson will shortly be here with the
squadron assigned for this coast ; that the twelve hundred French
are at Plymouth, ready to be sent over in merchant ships, with
two of his Majesty's to convoy them, and that he thoudit they
might be already on their way. To which I add that Xondon,
from which the body of the squadron comes, being so distant
irom Plymouth, they will not wait for each other, and if they
arrive at the same time it will be quite by chance. Further
I judge that the money will come with the body of the squadron.
Having touched on this' I cannot but inform your Excellency
that the Lord Chancellor and the two Secretaries of State have
straitly charged me to take much care concerning that money for
the English troops of which the Marquis of Sande's letter spoke,
and of which the Council gave me a part the other day, it being
part of the money given them by the King, my master, from the
dowry of the Queen, our mistress. I have already written to
them that since that time the Council has given me every
satisfaction as to their compliance in this matter, and I now
thank your Excellency for telling me what the King has
determined concerning the money, which will enable me to en-
courage the soldiers. Spanish. Copy m letter book. 1^ pp.
SiB BiCHABD FaNSHAW tO LoBD CHANCELLOR ClABENDON.
1663, May 20-30. Lisbon — ^Wishes that anything rather than
illness had been the cause of his Lordship's silence — even his
displeasure — as the temper of his mind so far excels that of his
boay that this might have been weathered by submission more
easily than so obstinate a sickness bv the help of doctors. Bef ers
him to Sir Henry Bennet's letter for " the present state of this
distracted kingdom." Coj)y in letter hook. 1 p. [The original
is in the Portugal Correspondence,^
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Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sm Henry Bennbt.
1663, May 20-30. Lisbon — ^ily last dispatch to you "left
Don Juan before Evora, with such opposition from the city
and such hopes within the city of being speedily relieved by the
Portugal army, as I do believe afforded much matter of triumph
to a Portugal packet which accompanied mine of a less sanguine
complexion, who am not in my nature much apt to sing before
the victorv, and therefore I do not yet boast of the ruin which
Don John hath run himself under by this bold advance, leaving
the Portugal army and garrisons untouched behind him, with
time for all Portugal to gather about him and no place for
recruits out of Castile to come to him. In the interim, matter
of fact is, that the very next day, namely, 12-22 instant — as
appeared since — ^the city was delivered to Don John upon con-
ditions of safety of lives and estates to the inhabitants, which,
although some discourses run here to the contrary, are hitherto
in all reasonable conjecture observed with great punctuality,
with advantage over and above — as is said — ^by burning of tax-
books and much gracious and compassionate language in the
ears of that clergy and people, which he desires not to have made
a secret to the rest of the kingdom, whereby to invite no less
than force the whole to the Spanish Government, both which had
equally co-operated in the snatching up of Evora whilst the
Portugal army was close upon their march to relieve it.
The one and the other, upon the first publication of the news,
which was 15-25, day after Corpus Christi, which this King and
Court had passed in such universal and joyful procession as you
know — ^by the example of Madiid in great — (ud work a quite
contrary effect in the common people of this city — ^who are
finissiinos Portugueses — ^yet such a one as if, beginning strangely
in the morning the storm had not as strangely ceased towards
night, might have done Don John's business as well as if they
had risen for him.
Rise they did, but it was for the King and kingdom they said,
and so really intended. The occasion this : — Some soldiers being
mustering in the palace yard in order to marching for Alentejo,
a small officer of theirs came up to the door of the Seeretariay
where some ministers were in juntas and expostulated there with
more than ordinary heat and noise the fresn loss of Evora, that
the King and kingdom is betrayed in every place; that they
were sent to the butchery when they should be led to the war ;
and for this — the King going in person — every man in this city
was in readiness to follow and serve him with the last drop
in their veins. He was answered by one of the Council at the
door that all men well knew how the King had already proclaimed
his resolution for going in his royal person forthwith, and that
all things were in a visible preparation thereunto, that therefore
he, the said officer, would better show his zeal below by making
a line in the broad place for all to pass that would wait upon
the King to the war. This immediately he put in execution,
in great fury of affection to his King and not without some
indignation at the errand he was sent upon. Many passed the
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line for that purpose, others for company, and multitudes of
men and women rushed into the place like a deluge from all
parts of the citj' of the meanest of the people, and after the
small officer they marched to the palace stairs with Viva el
Rey^ y rrmeran Los Traidores. There, after some principal
ministers coming down to pacify them without effect, tne Kuig
himself with his brother and Lords appeared in the Terrero de
Palacio, and the reverence to their King, who spoke to them,
but most with his hand, to be gone, did in some measure
qualify, but could not appease or persuade them to love him
with more respect to his laws and less danger to his afiEairs, which
yet his Majesty might have brought them to in the end ; but a
beggarly woman in the crowd, spying near the King the Marques
de Manalva — Conde de Castaneda that was, and li^th the battle
of Elvas to justify him a good Portuguese — cried out that traitor
would throw the King out at window ; presently some of them
took a fancy that the King's speakinp^ to the people from above
with his voice and hand was for help ; this was not generally
believed upon the place, where the signs were better understood,
but in the city it was, and more, that so horrid an act was already
perpetrated.
Those upon the place, having saluted the King in such manner
as hath been here related, fall to the second part of their
acclamation, namely, tnueran los Traidores, They divide them-
selves into several bodies, consisting of men, women, and chil-
dren ; now not so much as the first or any small officer to head
them, nor any above the rank of a butcher. Part plunder the
Archbishop of Lisbon's palace of all that was in it to a very
great value. Another part do the Kke to the Marquess of
Marialva's house, where his own goods and his brother's, the
liegidor's, were reputed of yet very much higher value than the
Bishop's. In both places great and rich curiosities, which they
could not remove whole, they broke in pieces out of the windows,
as also the ^lass windows and as much of the materials of the
house as their skill could attain to, which is not so much as that
of the French ^hen such a madness takes them in the head.
In the house of the Marquess between thirty and forty persons
lost their lives, most of them of the invaders, and the most of them
again, women and men, crowded to death or drowned in a kind
01 a well or heap of water, which the defendants left open on
purpose — ^say some — ^for haste of getting away — say others. In
the interim the ladies of the house, of great blood, bred in high
plenty, fortified — ^if I may so say — with the weakness of their
sex and eminent amongst the eminent in virtue and good works,
to their church and poor, necessitated in a discomposed dress
to take their flight through a back door to a monastery of nuns,
where they remain to this day, and will until a quarter appointed
within the purlieus of the palace be made ready to receive them,
as having no security elsewhere ; nor in Lisbon a house of their
own to put their heads in. About two miles out of town they
have a Casa de Campo — ^the Portugal word is a Quinta — ^which
hath hitherto scaped the fury of the people, partly by being
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out of the way, and partly because such of the rabble as thought
it worth their while to so half a league to do a mischief arrived
there and beginning their pranks found themselves too weak
for some honest neighbours, to whom the Marquess was better
known than to them, and such of the Queen's people as her
Majesty — ^whose place of retirement is thereby — ^was most graci-
oualy and piously pleased to send thither before, hearing what
had passed at Lisbon, to prevent their violence. It is absolutely
the noblest place of recreation by estimation of all men within
this kingdom, and one of the finest in itself that ever I saw
anjrwhere belonging to a private man, the gardens and vineyards
extending to this river or sea of Tagus.
The last house plundered that dismal day by a third party
was of Luis Mendez de Elvas, whom they miscalled a Jew and
the author of many projects to enrich himself and impoverish
them, namely, taxes and raising of the value of th^r coin, as
well gold as silver. It pleased him who bridles the sea with
a rope of sand to put here bounds to the fury of the peoj)le;
the mars coining out of several convents in solemn procession,
and bringing wi^ them church buckets of excommunications —
over and above those of the lay magistrates — ^to quench the
flame of sedition, which, had night come on first, micht have
proved as unquenchable as those from whence it was kindled ;
and yet the first actors, all the while, thinking they did nothing
but what was very well and commendable. The owners of the
houses had they been at home would have fared no better than
their goods, bi\t, happening to be at that time in the palace,
they have there remained ever since. This day the Marquess
of Nysa — a person whose house was threatened, too, by some of
the rabble — ^is gone for the army with new recruits from these
parts ; and to-morrow the Marquess of Marialva follows, not yet
discouraged from the public service.
One effect that day's tumult seems to have had point blank
contrary to the very particular end whereat the people most
aimed, which was to hurry away the Bang into the field ; for,
whereas his Majesty till that instant was absolutely resolved of
going in person, it is now generally supposed that resolution is
altered, and upon this very ground that if the Canalla, out of an
excess of loyalty and courage, did those outrages in the presence
of their King, in his Majesty's absence what might the middling
sort of people bring to pass, out of a desire to put an end to a
long war now brought to their door — ^love to the Castilians will
never do it with them — especially if they shall be strongly
possessed that they are bought and sold by the Grandees, or if
any new blow should follow the loss of Evora, or if, as the
rascality was quenched that day with buckets from the church,
so these of higher stomach and concern should be kindled into
a higher mutiny with a coal from the altar, nothing of all which
is held impossible in this conjuncture. I had almost forgotten
a fourth, not the least material or possible among them, namely,
if their Brazil fleet — ^which according to advice is now daily
expected upon the coast — or any considerable part thereof should
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fall into tlie mouths of their enemies. On the contrary his
Majesty's ships — so long expected — ^with what they brimj, would
come very seasonably and usefully at this time towards the quiet-
ing the apprehensions of the many and preventing the under-
hand designs of some, as in more cases than this of Portugal,
when a tide of times seems ready to turn. *
17-27th instant Captain Hounes in the Reserve^ passing on
for Tangier with the Earl of Teviot, set a kinsman of his Lord-
ship's ashore at Cascays, who brought me yours of the 20th of
the last. In obedience whereunto, as to that part where you
pleased to express a longing to hear what they are like to do or
suffer in this country this summer in relation to the war, I do
refer you not only to what is here above written, but to all that
ever I wrote or said since I had the honour to be called to this
work, unless extraordinary powerfully or at least very timely
supported from abroad. ' Brave men at arms they are, but weak.
This is and hath been my single opinion, though now I begin
to have some company in it even of Portingals, who fall into
the account that strangers and that in greater numbers than
hitherto would be of more use to them than they were aware
of. For though in general words by their paper, when my
Lord Inchiquin went, they did desire more, yet it was not in such
a manner or upon any such caution — suitable to the proceedings
of other ages and nations — ^as if they either expected, or indeed
wished, to have them ; which in case they had done — as I might
hope their ambassador had with all instructions in that behalf —
the proposals might be as impossible, but not so unreasonable
as they appeared.'
As to what immediately follows in your letter, that you long
especially to hear what opinion I have of the possibility of an
accommodement between this kingdom and Spain, for tidat you
should not hold it unpracticable if it were well handled, though
the humour of both these nations renders it difficult enough,
I must humbly refer you to my former despatches likewise from
the time of my first arrival here, * which I presume may before
this have come to your hands, wherein, as on the one side I did
more than concur with your sense of the difficulties, by shaping
to myself more obstructions than perhaps were true and real,
so, on the other side, I endeavoured to demonstrate bv good
precedent that, in the very like case, ut least as great difficulties
and obstructions as the utmost I fancied, had been heretofore
overcome and removed. 'True it is that the mediating King
or Kings took very good care at that time that neither party
should have his humour or all his will, and yet did not so much
as threaten either with a downright breach, only menacing the
one that he or they should defend his adversaries more vig^orously
and' justifiably for the future if the treaty brake off by his
default, and assuring the other that he or they would withdraw
all manner of assistance from them if it brake off by theirs.
This was the manner of flourishing the montante in those days,
which were not so long ago as those of Bang Arthur, when
knight errantry was set up. Something my former papers
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offered to consideration of conveniences as well as honour which
mi^ht accrue to his Majesty by such an efiEectual mediatorship,
and somewhat of inconveniency in case an overrunning should
happen by the sword whilst his Majesty doth own this cause
to the world, by his troops, by his royal ships, and by having an
ambassador here. But then was then, and now is now. In the
meantime you have by your opinion, at the time you wrote that
letter, that an accommodement was not then utterly unpracticable,
put me into some degree of countenance as to mine — of which
really I began to be very much ashamed — ^tliat a year ago it was
possible, and much more the last winter, when the season gave
time, and the overtures and condescensions from Spain — ^with
what feigned or fallacious purpose soever — opportunity unto his
Majesty to give the rule therein as to his princely wisdom and
equity shoiud appear meet and necessary. You have farther
by that expression given me matter of encouragement to proceed
upon the same theme — which I had absolutely laid down — here-
after, if the fortune of Don John permit, to which end I shall
reserve the favour of the cipher you sent me for that purpose,
rendering you my most humble thanks for it. The formality of
the treaty is still on foot upon the frontiers of Galizia." Cfoyy
in letter booh 7 pp.
Postscript to the foregoing letter: — "By way of key to this
letter, in reference to the tumult only and the jealousies which
either caused or inflamed it, I crave leave to inform your honour,
as upon the place : — First, that the people do not suspect either
the Marquess of Marialva or his brother, the Regidor, of dis-
loyalty to King or country, having plundered them, say they,
per iraidoresj no; por ladrones, si; because after eminent
service to both they were grown excessively rich upon public
receipts and offices.
Secondly, the grand favourite — Conde de Castelmelhor, secre-
tario de la puridad — though a young man for so exorbitant a
trust, especially in such a storm as now bloweth, and in his
general carriage high enough upon the insteps, yet because nobly
born, without much of wealth to this day to bear it out, never
once murmured at by the rabble ; on the contrary, one among
the rout crying they ought to plunder all but him — some say
it was a domestic of his own, however it proved no ill-lucK
for him to be beloved by those — all the people cried, Amen.
Thirdly, a general acclamation in another fit of the Conde de
Atougia, as a minister not only nobly bom and clean handed,
but who had already passed his purgatory, as to corruption,
in the quality of Viceroy in the Indies.
Fourthly, some and the most — ^whether present or absent,
lay or clergy — the fury of their language would give no quarter
to, who, having been marked by the late King of dear memory
with a black coal, have, notwithstanding that (say all) for that
very reason (some suggest), been called out of banishment and
prisons to the greatest trusts about the person and affairs of
this ; of whom the Dean of Evora one, who headed with an
eloquent speech the surrender of that city; on the contrary,
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excluding and banishing to this day such as the late King, and
by his example and precepts the Queen Regent, had most experi-
ence of and confidence in. These are the words of those whose
actions I have above related.*
One mistake in my last despatch to your honour by the
Bristol Merchant I am very willing to recant in this. Ainong
the horse I there mentioned to have got into Evora there were
no English — the common command of the auxiliaries of both
nations in Count de Schomberg caused the mistake — they were
all French; one Monsieur Chouet, a very gallant, tried com-
mander, their leader; himself made prisoner, the rest, to th©
number of about a hundred, no more — for part could not make
their way through when he was hurt and taken, but were forced
to retire to the Portugal army — ^temporary prisoners of wai*
together with those of the garrison, upon the articles of the
city such as they were. For I must, as unwillingly, retract
another error of mine in that despatch, if it were mine, having
taken it up upon very authentical certificates. The truth is
there was nothing like that slaughter of Spaniards by those
of the city, which is there modestly reported after the copy
that was sent me, neither any considerable defence made thereof.
The Dean of the church, when notice came that the Portugal
army was upon their march to relieve the town and Don John
thereupon doubled his menaces, made an eloquent harangue to
surrender, which put a quick end to the business.
• It is here said that Monsieur Marcyn t is to come to command
for the King of Spain under Don John, and to hang a tuson
[toison] upon his garter. Really they report he is to have that
order [i.e., the Golden Fleece], and I presume he is better read
in story than for it to relinquish the other, though this latter
is also reported. That he should be to serve on that side, I take
to be the worst news for Portugal that have come a great while,
except this which Don John himself hath brought. R. F."
li pp.
COMTE DE SCHONBERG tO SlR RiCHABD FaNSHAW.
1663, May [20-]30. Camp at Landroal — I received your
Excellency's letter of the 19th just as we were beginning our
march to relieve Evora, but those who defended it did not give
us time enough. The cowardice with which the commanders
have acted is beyond anything I ever saw in any war, and they
ought to be hanged. I hear that Manuel de Miranda,+ who was
at their head, fearing that he might meet with the treatment
which he deserved at Court, although his brother, Henri
Henriques de Miranda is very powerful there, turned back half
way and returned to Evora. Truly, I do not find the grand
valour in the officers of this army of which Antonio Sousa de
Macedo boasts, and I think the cause is the very slight punish-
ment for their poor defence of Jeruminhe last year. The hearts
• This first part of the postscript is cancelled.
t John Caspar Ferdinand de Marcin, Marquis de Claremont d'Antngae, Knight of
the Garter.
t Governor of Evora; his brother Henri, gentleman of the Bedchamber.
», G
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of the CastUians are so lifted up that thev think they will be
able to beat us without much danger. They certainly have a
great advantage over us in having double our cavalry. When we
marched to relieve Evora we had only two thousand five hundred
horses, but three days ago four hundred more came up. Every
day letters arrive in which the King orders Don Sancho * to give
battle. I never saw a Council so bent upon ruining their kingdom
without delay. They have followed my advice to post ourselves
upon the road, so that the enemy's convoys cannot pass without
our having time to join in and have a fight, since they wish
it so greatly at Lisbon. To post ourselves, as they write,
in sight of the enemy would not be* much good unless the enemy
would fight, and on the other hand to send in search of the con-
voys, in order to run after diem with our infantry, would be very
difficult. The enemy will have hard work to keep his garrison
in Evora without taking a post either at Rodonde or Terena,
• I have done my utmost to persuade the Comte de Villa Flor to
have some fortifications made there, but they do not listen to what
one says to them. They would not put their troops in order
during the winter before the enemy came, when I, yet ill in bed,
begged them to send for their troops at Menho and Tras los
Montes, but now that their affairs are all in disorder they are
sending. In a word one can do nothing with these people, for
they do not know what is best for them. The day before yesterday
I offered to go myself with fifteen hundred horse to surprise
Xeres and pillage the surrounding country, returning in three
days, before the enemy had time to do anything, but they cannot
make up their minds. To-day I have sent sixty English and
French towards Evora and Monte Mor to prevent the peasants
carrying provisions into the place. Don John of Austria has
for tne last two days been wortdng at a fortification on the model
of that which I began at St. Anthoene. I am sorry that at the
Court of Lisbon they will see, by its use to the enemy, that the
advice which I gave them was good. We are expecting some
troops from la Beia and from Lisbon, with which we shall march
towards Evora. If the Court does not pay them something
the tr*oops will be very feeble a month hence. This war
is not like previous ones ; it will last a long time, only the foreign
troops can be relied on, and if they are paid so ba^ly they will
not stay. The English are in great need, and the Comte de
Castelmelhor must do something for them. I have lent them
what money I had, but this sort of thing cannot go on. So far
not a single soldier has given up, which I think is very good.
I have cashiered Lieutenant Cruck, who had greatly neglected
TrelawnVs company, and he has gone over to the enemy. He is
not a great loss. I am very impatient for news from England,
and shall be beholden to your Excellency when you can give
me some.
Postscript. — ^I have just got a letter from Sir Henry Bennet,
saying that a regiment of infantry is coming, with picked officers,
but that the Portuguese ambassador has not asked for any
* Doo Sanoho Manoel, Oonde de Villa Flor.
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Englisli troops. Judging by their treatment of those which they
have got they do not appear to wish for any more. I hope the
Conde de Castelmelhor will send us some money. French. Copy
in letter hook. 2J pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to the Earl of Teviot, Governor of
Tangier.
1663 [May 23-] June 2. Lisbon — ^I received your Lordship's
from aboard the Reserve, my obligation for which is increased
by your bodily indisposition when you wrote it, but the comfort
I took in it diminished. I hope, however, that the indisposition
has ended with the voyage, and " give your Lordship hereby,
with a very good public heart as to our King and country and
with a very good private one as to your Lordship's person, the
joy of your Lordship's arrival in Tangier, from which I prophecy
in time, by your conduct and endeavours, a fair extent of the
British pale, with the primitive blessing of crescite et mutti-
plicamini ; the rather because your Lordship is a person likely
to lay your foundation in arts as well as in arms, of both which
you are a master." • As regards the Portuguese houses I believe
it would be best and safest for those who shall possess them
hereafter, for you to purchase them for the King, and told him
so when I was in England as also by letter since. The ground
on which they stand might be useful for erecting magazines and
the like. Otir merchants wish much that there were some " com-
modious structure there — somewhat in the nature of a state-
house, I think they mean — where they might deposit their goods "
under a guard of soldiers, paying a consideration for its use. *
Copy in letter hook. 1 J pp.
Sm BiCHARD Fanshaw to Comte de Schonberg.
1663 [May 26-] June 4. Lisbon— Tour Lordship's of the 30th
ult. came just when I had received a query from Secretary
Bennet concerning the doing^s of the Portuguese this summer
in relation to the war, and I have therefore sent it to him for
his Majesty to see. I am told that Don John has marched
towards Beja with four thousand horse, and the Portugal army
after him, so " your Lordship may now very speedily make a
judgment of the whole issue of this summer's work, having
accustomed yourself to see events much longer beforehand."
When you have done so I beg you to give me particulars of
what you think should be done by the Eangs of France and
England to prevent the ruin of this crown, which, even if the
three Kings do not accept your suggestions, cannot fail to be
useful. Copy in letter hook. 1 p.
CoMTE DE Schonberg to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1663 [May 27-]June 6. Country near Evora — ^I have been
glad to hear of your well-being in a letter from Mons. Fremont.*
• Nicholas de Fremont, Sieur D'Ablancoort, author of the M&nunre$.
G 2
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He coTild not give me news of anyone in whom I take more
interest. Five days ago we left our camp at Landraol to cnt o£E
two thousand cavalry and as many infantry going towards
Alcasser da Sal, not an easy matter when an army goes after a
light body of soldiers, very superior to ours in cavalry. The
day before yesterday, having taken up our quarters half a league
from here in the v al de Palme, the enemy took up his on the
other side of the stream of Eugebe, and the next day marched
towards the stream, where our infantry, in the avant-garde of
which were two hundred English musketeers, engaged with
theirs and, after an hour's fighting, forced them to retire. They
then marched along the stream towards Evora, and we, in order
to prevent their taking the post which we now hold, marched
alongside of them. Having taken some heights I placed cannon
on them, which disturbed the enemy at a bridge where they
quitted the high road. In the evening we saw them passing the
stream, protected by the vines and wood near the convent dos
Pinheros, where they camped that night, while we made our camp
half a quarter of a mile away, where we have made some slight
entrenchments. French, Copy in letter book, 1 p
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663 [May 28-] June 7. The Palace— Stating that his Majesty
has received notice of the arrival of the English ships, bringing
the regiment of French infantry, but that they are not to dis-
embark until quarters have been prepared for them, which will
be on the morrow. Portuguese, Copy in letter book, ^ p,
Sm BicHABD Fanshaw to [the Commanders of the ships P].
1663, May 28-June 7. Lisbon — Informing them of the receipt
of the above letter, postponing the landing of the troops, con-
gratulating them upon their happy arrival, and inviting them
both to dinner on the morrow to celebrate his Majesty's birth-
day. Copy in letter book, ^ p,
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663 [May 28-]June 7. The Palace — ^Last night there came
news that the day before our army, half a league from Evora,
engaged with the enemy, and forced them to retire with much
loss, and that the two armies are now in posture to renew the
attack. Portuguese, Copy in letter book, \ p.
Annexed : — A list of those killed and taken prisoner. \ p.
Sm RicHAED Fanshaw to Secretary Antonio de Sousa de
Macedo.
1663, May 29-June 8. Lisbon — This being the birthday of
the Eing, my master, and also the day when, after long
persecutions, he re-entered London — the greatest festival ever
seen there since the world began — and being moreover the day
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when he led the Queen, his wife, into his royal palace, I hope,
seeing that the two Kings are brothers, that in the future it
may also be counted a happy day for Portugal, as it already
brings us very good news from the army. Spanish, Copy in
letter book. J p.
Don Antonio de Sousa de Macebo to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663 [May 29-] June 8. The Palace— On this, the birthday of
the King of Great Britain, we have received letters from our
army, confirming the news from Evora concerning the great
loss of the enemy, including two noblemen of very nigh degree,
and the valour shown by the English troops, for which his
Majesty has ordered letters of thanks to be written to Don Michael
Dongan and James Apsley, on behalf of all. Portuguese, Copy
in letter book, \ p.
Sir Bichard Eanshaw to Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo.
1663, May 29, English style. Lisbon — Yours serves as a
reply to one which I had just sent to you. I will say no more,
having many festivities on hand on this, my master's birthday.
I hope that the birthday of the King of Portugal may bring
very good news for this kingdom. JSpanish. Copy in letter
book. ^ p.
English Army in Portugal.
1663 [May 29-] June 8 — " A relation [by Col. James Apsley] of
what passed in the armies of Portugal and Castile from the 7th of
May till the 8th of June in this present year, 1663^ stylo loci.
Don John of Austria having passed the Guadiana over the
bridge of Badajos the 7th of May with all his army> composed
of about ten thousand foot and six thousand horse and eighteen
pieces of cannon, with a very fair equipage and large train of
waggons and carriage horses, being charged with provisions for
six weeks, marched directly towards Evora, the very heart and
capital city of the province of Alemtejo, taking his way half a
league from Estremos, where our General lodged with those
troops which remained after the reinforcing of the frontier
garrisons. The army of the enemy were all together, but our
troops were separated, and in divers places, and some other regi-
ments of ours nad not at that time joined with our body, where-
fore we suffered the enemy to pass by us within our si^ht
without adventuring any hazard by engaging. All that his Ex-
cellency the Earl of Schonberg could do in this occasion was to
oblige the gentlemen of Portugal to send into the city of Evora —
where at tnat time there was no garrison — ^two thousand five
hundred foot and seven hundred horse. His Excellency also
ordered some other troops which were to join with the army to
put themselves into the city, insomuch that before the enemy's
army could get down before the city there were within it four
thousand foot and seven hundred horse, besides three thousand
inhabitants who took up arms for the defence of themselves and
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the city. This formidable number of men did not terrify Don
John in his intended enterprise, but he confidently attacked the
city, though he made no near approaches to it. Partly through
the ignorance of those who should have defended it and partly
through their treachery, Don John had persuaded those gentle-
men and citizens to surrender it, and to render tiiemselves
Shsoners of war, when they had not been besieged above &ve
ays.
We hearing of this sudden capitulation, it caused us to make
up an army which was fully resolved for to hazard itself for the
relief of that city, but in our march the news met us that it was
surrendered, wherefore, after the debate of a council of war, it
was not thought convenient to attack the enemy, who was rein-
forced with seven hundred of our horse, under the walls of their
new conquest. Whereupon, according to the advice of his Ex-
cellency the Earl of Schonberg, it was agreed we should lodge
at Landroal, six leagues fiom the enemy, where we mig^ht easily
hinder any convoys of provision which might come to the enemy
either from Jerumania or Aruntias [Aronches].
This fell out so luckily that on the 30th of May the enemy
was forced to send out two thousand horse and some foot mounted
on mules to march as far as Alcacevas, Porto del Bey and Alcacer
de Sal, to bring in a supply of provision — ^for which they were
much necessitated — and to gather in all the corn and meal which
they did believe they should have found in the storehouses of
this province. Upon the first advice of the marching of this
party we removed from Landroal with all speed and diligence to
use our endeavour to have cut off those troops, but they having
understood what we were endeavouring they took a great compass
about to shun us, insomuch as it wa« impossible for us to hinder
their joining. We kept on our way by the plain to pass the river
Eudigby [Digebe], upon the side of which we encamped a little
league from the place. The same night the army of the enemy
came to encamp on the mountains over against us — the river of
Eudigbe being between us and them — they played their cannon
very furiously all night within our camp, but to little or no
effect. In the morning early Don John had ordered his army in
hataiia over against the river, as if they had intended to have
fallen upon us, for he sent some commanded foot with five or six
battalions to second them, to endeavour the forcing of a pass
which was defended with one hundred and fifty English com-
manded musketeers, who suffered the enemy to come within
musket shot, lightly skirmishing with them, but reserving the
most part of their fire for a better opportunity. At last the
' enemy adventuring to approach nigher, the English poured in
all their shot upon them at once, and with a small party of horse
passed the river and routed those commanded foot, together with
the battalions which were to second them, and caused them to
retreat in disorder. In the meantime our cannon were placed
very dexterously and advantageously to endamage the enemy,
for they killed very many officers of quality and missed but little
of the ])ersou of Don John.
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This great effect of our artillery, with the little appearance of
our power to put them in disorder before us, did at last force Don
John of Austria to march off on his left wing, mounting the hills
on that side the river, which made us do the same thing on our
side of the river, still removing our cannon from one hill
to another with great effect, till at last they insensibly parted
from us, so that we lost the sight of their march for above three
or four hours ; towards evening they passed over the river of
Eudigby, about half a league above our camp.
This made his Excellency the Earl of Schonberg believe that
infallibly next morning Don John would take his opportunity
to give us battle, keeping us within the plain, they Laving six
thousand horse against three thousand, besides the su(X30ur of the
troops in Evora, which they could have commanded, it being but
a little league from them, therefore the whole night we laboured
hard to entrench ourselves, especially on our right hand, our left
being defended by the river. The enemy finding it a long way
to come to us, he spent the whole next day in sending back his
baggage — ^which then lay under tlie walls of Evora — and to order
the garrison which he had resolved to leave in that city, and to
take care for the convoy of the prisoners wliich were taken at
Evora. And when it was night ne caused all his equipages to
march to Vinda de Duque [Venta del Duque] by the same way
which he came to Evora, and by this his diligence he came to
encamp on this side the river Bera. We had notice of this his
march before it was day, which made us take our right way to
Evora-monte over the mountains, so that we came to encamp on
the other side of the said river, three quarters of a league higher
than the camp of the enemy.
Next morning, being the 8th of this present June, we under-
stood by divers parties that the baggage of the enemy was
marched towards Estremos, and that the army of Don John was
di-awn up in batalia upon the plain to cover and hide that
march. Upon that advice we made very great haste to possess
ourselves of the mountains which were a little league from
Estremos. The enemy did the same with his foot, and planted
them cannon shot from us on the top of two mountains, of which
one of them was possessed by the right wing, the other by the
left wing of their foot. At the bottom of the mountains the
horse were drawn up upon the plain in the way they were to
march in two lines, by this order of batalia their baggage lay
under a good covert and they had leisure enough to draw off
by the sides of the two hills. About evening his Excellency the
Earl of Schonbere, having observed the left wing of the enemy's
army to be without horse, the foot keeping the tops of the
mountains which they possessed on that side, alter many irresolu-
tions of the Portuguese Generals, his Excellency the Earl of
Schonberg persuaded them at last to attack the enemy's horse
which were in the plains with all our horse, strengthened with a
good quantity of foot, and that our foot, who were in two lines
as the enemy's were, should attack the enemy's foot on the tops
of the two mountains, and in the valley between them.
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, On this manner we gave the onset an hour before sunset, and
the English foot with much pains climbed up the highest moun-
tain, which was possessed by the right wing of the enemy's
army and guarded with five pieces of cannon. The English
marched on, shouting as if victorious, but discharged no shot
till they came within push of pike of the enemy, and then they
poured in their shot so thick upon them that made them quiw
their ground and fly towards the left wing, leaving their cannon
behind them, which were afterwards turned upon them, much
10 their prejudice. Notwithstanding the ricn baggages and
coaches and wealthy plunder which were on the top of the hill —
the English seeing the field not cleared — there was not one man
of them stirred out of his rank, but kept close serried together
to prevent any second onset, which immediately followed, for
they were assaidted front, flank and rear by divers of the enemy's
troops of horse, but having their fire ready at all hands they
quickly quitted themselves of those troops/ This was performed
rather with an absolute resolution than any conduct or order,
for after soldiers had serried themselves close no officer's voice
could be heard, but each soldier would give the word o*
command either as they saw or feared their enemy, bu
all this while a man could not but joy to see so vivid
a courage and so firm a resolution as was in every
common soldier to die by one another. "The Portuguese
Generals, having not been accustomed so see so close an approach
before firing, did give the English for lost, and did believe they
all had intended to have joined with the Castilians, but when
they saw their thick firing and the good success the English
obtained thereupon, they called us comrades and good Christians.
Our horse in the plains had not so good success, for the English
horse were too forward in charging, and were not at all seconded
by the reserves of Portuguese, which was the loss of Colonel
Dongham [Dongan], Captain Paulinge and many other gallant
Englishmen. Our cavalry, though not seconded by their reserves,
rallied and charged three or four times, and at their last repulse
they were able to charge no more. * The two English regiments
of foot joined together and marched down in the vallev for the
relief of their horse, where they were met by his Excellency the
Earl of Schonberg, drawn up by a woodside." His Excellency
caused them to face to the left, and marched them through the
wood. The enemy's horse, which remained firm, had no sooner
espied the foot but thev cried, " There comes the English redcoats,
who give no quarter," and so they betook themselves to flight
just at the entrance of the night, and left us absolute masters
of the field.
That night we kept guard within the wood, but the next
morning we perceived the field was clear and that it was an
absolute victory on our party. The enemy had an inestimable
damage, having lost his cannon and train of artillery and
generally all the baggage of his army ; there were fourteen coaches
taken of several Princes, Dukes and Earls. It is such a loss
that the Castilians cannot repair in a short time. The foot were
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all entirely routed, a good part of them being fallen into the
hands of the peasants, who used no kindness towards them. Most
part of their colonels and chief officers were either killed or taken,
as also the general officers of the horse. But that which is most
remarkable is that after so great a victoiy the enemy were too
many for us.
We lost out of the two English regiments not above forty in
each regiment, and no officers killed out Captain Atkinson and
Captain Goudinge, both of Colonel Apsley's regiment, and we
had not above forty or fifty in both regiments who were wounded.
The loss of the horse was greater, for besides the loss of Colonel
Dongham and Captain Paulinge, who died in the field, and Cornet
Meakinge and Cornet Wharton, who were mortally wounded,
they had above an hundred killed and wounded in those five
troops. '
To this I have added a list of such officers and soldiers with
ordnance and such other necessary as belonged to their train,
according as it was given into the Viador's Office by the soldiers
and countrymen after the fight, and as it stands there recorded.
Prisoners :
The Marquess of Lixe [Liche].
Mre. de Cfampo Don Juan Henriques.
Mre. de Campo Marques de Faisco [Oonde Luis de Fiesco].
Mre. de Campo Daniel de Ghisman.
Mre. de Campo Colonel Conde D[e But?].
Mre. de Campo Stephen de Aquella [Estevan de Angulo].
Mre. de Campo Conde de Escalante.
Mre. de Campo Conde de Ferexqui [Fresqui?]. 8 small pps.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Comte de Schonberg.
1663 [May 30-] Jiine 9. Lisbon — I have to-day received yours
of the 6th inst. For my part ** I shall implicitly hang my belief
upon no relations so much as your Lordship's, as a person not
only upon the place and acting so eminent a part in the present
scene, but the most indifferent imaginable as to those relations
which are wont to tempt men to partiality. The only fear is
that your Lordship may in your reports undervalue those suc-
cesses in which your proper conduct might justly claim the
greatest share ; for example, that last by Evora, of which your
Lordship makes little more than a facing the enemy, whereas,
in this Court, it is cried up for a great battle and no small victory,
as the enclosed copies will let your Lordship see, though I doubt
not but fame hath done as much before this can arrive ; and yet
at what time these things were first written and spread abroad,
to the high joy and reviving of this place, the news of Don
John's departure homeward an4 the Portugal army's pursuit of
him at the heels was not come. However, then, and much more
since, the action by Evora is celebrated at all hands; these
ministers and people extolling to the French, when they meet
them here, the things which your Lordship and the French
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wrought that day, and to us, when they meet us, what your
Lordship and the English ; but still it is the Conde de Schom-
berg. We, on the other side, of the two nations, agree well
enough among ourselves to share you between us, a virtue which
we owe to necessity, as having neither of us a total right in
you. ' Meantime, as to those thanks Monsieur de Fremond hath
been pleased to give your Lordship for the now acquaintance
between him and me, ne hath taken upon him a debt of mine,
which I will faithfully discharge him of. I love and honour him
for many things, but most for loving and honouring your Lord-
ship so truly and zealously^ as I perceive he doth, which is a
very good quality, though it be mine too." Co'py in letter hook.
Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Snt Richard Eanshaw.
1663 [May 31-] June 10 — ^Announcing the defeat of Don John's
* army with very small loss on the Portuguese side. Portuguese.
Copy,
Annexed : — ^Information to the King of Portugal that his
army had routed that of Don Juan, with great loss of foot,
horse, baggage and artillery, and that amongst the prisoners
were the Marques de Liche and the Conde de Lscalante. Masiel
[May 30-]June 9. Portuguese, Copy in letter book, ^ p.
COMTE DE ScHONBERG tO SlR RiCHARD FaNSUAW.
1663 [May 31-]June 10. Estremos — Four days ago I in-
formed you of the state of the war, since which God has given us
so great a victory over the enemy that all are surprised at our
success. I send you a hasty account of it which 1 have drawn
up. If you were here you would agree with me that we should
consider it "t^n hienfait bien plus grand" on account of
the good commanders which they have, while we have not
four who know how to put three regiments into battle array,
nor how to make them fight. I always feared their horse,
and I was not mistaken, for ours had hard work to stand against
it until we had defeated their foot. ' Everyone is pleased
here with the behaviour of the English troops. We lost about
fifty of our horse, but few of the foot, although more than
eighty were wounded. Colonel Dongan was killed, and I intend
to give his place to Major Demsy, who behaved veiy well. I
send this express chiefly to procure money for the English troops:
Pray speak to the Comte de Castelmelhor about it.' Although
we nave won this battle, there will be enough for them to do,
as the enemy still have four thousand horse. I want to attack
Evora, but our commanders here, after having done so well,
think of nothing but of resting themselves, instead of making
use of their victory. They understand nothing about war. The
soldiers are brave enough, but the chiefs carefully avoid all risks.
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and as to him who ought to have led us, no one saw him during
the battle at ail. French, Copy in letter book. 1 ^.
Annexed,
Account of the boMle [o/ AmeixicU or el Canal},
Don Juan of Austria having begun his camj)aign by the
taking of Evora and (by the cowardice and ignorance of
the commanders there J having in /he days taken j^rUoner
more than four thousand foot and seven hundred horse who
were defending it, we were deprived of the chance of relieving
it. 2" he Count of Schonberg then wished our army to be
posted near Landroal to prevent the passage of any convoys
by Jerum^ena or Aronches and to watch the proceedings of
the enemy, the need of j^ovisions having obliged Don Juan
to detach two thousand horse and some foot (mounted upon
mtUesJ to go to Alcacevas, Porto del Hey and Alcacer da JSal
in search of com.
Our army started from Landroal to cut off these troops,
but upon the first news of our march they were ordered to
retire quickly and to abandon their booty. We continued our
march along the plain, but finding that we could not hinder
their joining, we turned to cross the river Zigebe \Digebe\,
encamping upon its banks for the night, while the enemy
camped upon the heights on the other side of the stream,
facvng us. The next mormng they marched down in battle
array, as if to ctttack us, and advanced their foot to within
musket shot, owr cannon annoying them all the time, killing
several officers of note, and only ju^st missing Don Juan him^
self. Finally they turned on thevr left wing, re-ascending
the stream, and we did the like, firing upon them until they
were lost to sight for three or four hours amongst the vines
and olives, when they crossed the river about half a league
from us. This made the Count of Schonberg believe thai
Don Juan intended to give battle next day, seeing v^ in the
plain, and being so near Evora thai he could make tise of
all his troops, and we worked all night throwing up entrench-
ments. The enemy spent the next day in fetching up their
baggage from near Evora, ordering the garrison left there,
and arranging for the convoy of the prisoners. Thai night
they camped upon the river Tera, of which we had no notice
until day, when we took the road to Evora-Monte, across the
m^ountains, and encamjjed on the same river, three quarters
of a league higher up. Next day, the 8th inst,, we heard
that Don Juan was sending away his baggage between Estre-
mos and Suzel, his army remaining in order of battle upon
the plain to cover their march, whereupon we hastened to
occupy the heights near Estremos. The enemy did the like,
posting their foot upon two high mountains, and drawing
up their horse in two lines below, thus giving good cover
to the baggage. After much irresolution on the part of the
Portuguese Oenerals, the Count of Schonberg persuaded them
to attack the enemi/s horse upon the plain with all ours.
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for this purpose passing all from our right unng to the left,
while the foot passed upon the right to the two mountains
and the valley between them. This succeeded so well that
our foot easily forced back the enemy, having attacked vnih
more resolution than skill — good officers being more rare in
this country than in any part of the world. Our horse
had not such good success, as the Count of Schanberg had
always feared, so, seeing that we were masters of all the
heights, he put in order some regiments which he met of the
second line and commanded them to stand firm, while he went
to join our two English regiments. These he advanced
towards the plain to assist the horse, which had been beaten
back and dared not renew the attack, but when the enemy
saw our foot advancing, they took to flight ai nightfall,
and our victory was complete. The enemy lost all their
baggage, and many persons of quality were killed or m>ade
prisoners, of whom the following is a list : — .
Mestres de Campo, prisoners.
Marques de Liche, son of Don hais de Haro.
Don Ando de Guzman, son of the Duke of Medina de las
Torres.
Conde de Escalante.
Conde de Lodestein.
Conde Luis de Fiesque.
Don Estevan de AnguLo, reformado.
Gas part Martines, Lieutenant-Colonel.
Horse.
Dan Juan Nobales.
Do7i Antonio de Montenegro \ ^ - - j^ ,
Don Francisco Valador. \ Commusanet General.
Conde Boito, commanding two troops of horse.
Conde de Fiasetri, Captain of horse.
Don Garcia Sarmento.
Cajjtains of foot 22
Ensigns „ ,, 20
Adjutants in charge 2.
Serjeants major 2.
Quarter-masters major 7.
Serjeants 19.
Soldier Sy prisoners, unwounded 1,000.
Soldiers, taken, xoounded 2,000.
The General of artillery with two viesires de campo
and other officers of note were killed.
French. 2J pp.
[COMTE DE ScHONBERg] tO [M. DE FkEMONT?].
1663, [May 31-]June 10 — ^I believe that after the Comte de
Castelmelhor, you are the person in all Portugal most relieved
by our victory ; for as for the Secretary of State, lie did not be-
lieve in the possibility of failure. If you had seen, as I have done,
bow our affair has been managed, you would be thankful that W€
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have got out of it so well, for hardly any of those at the head
of it know what they are doing. If the Comte de Castelmelhor
understood matters he would not be so ready with his orders
for us to give battle. I have a headache to-day, and can only
write hurriedly. I am sending a note to M. de Turenne, to whom
you must give all particulars, " puisque le Comte de Villa Flor,
qui depuis deux jours travaille a faire la cronique n'y aura
rien oublie." • I send M. de Baubigny, in the first place to
get some money from the Comte de Castelmelhor for the
English soldiers, whose good services the day before yesterday
merit better trealment than they receive, and secondly, to say
that the Viador will not make proper payment for Mons. de la
Plesse, who was killed in the battle. The foreign cavalry lost
more men than all the other horse put together. My own regi-
ment opposed Don John himself. Most of his squadron were
killed on the spot and his standard taken by M. de Baubignis
[nc], to whom I have given charge to carry it to the Count of
Castelmelhor that it may be presented from me to the King. •
Mons. de Saussay and Des Fontaines wish to be recommended
to you. We have got Don John's carriage at your service. I
took no other booty in the battle, but have lost an old cloak
which my trumpeter had on, who was shot through the head
as we were climbi ng to where the regiments of Chemy and
Keiserstein were. We there found some silver dishes of Don
John's, who had had his collation at that place. I hope our
French have arrived. We shall still be able to show them some
sparks of war at Evora, and we hope to see you with M. Cameton
at the siege. I have not time to finish my gazette, but M. de
Cleran has taken the substance of it from my draft, and you
will be able to polish it up to send to M. de Turenne.
I pray you to give my letter to the ambassador. I hope some
vessel will be going for France, which will take the news.
French. Cojyy in letter hooh, 2 pp.
Fuench account of the battle*
1663 [May 31-]June 10. Estremos— If my letter of the 3rd
from Beja has made you doubt whether I was at the battle
I now inform you that the noise of the cannon near Evora
reached me at Serpa, and I started at once, joining our army
the night before we started to follow the enemy. ^Here follows
an account of the battle, in which, however, there is no mention
of the English troops."] The Count's [Schonberg's] regiment
was badly enough treated, but had the honour to beat Don
Juan's guards and to capture his standard, which has been sent
to the King. Of all our friends, only poor La Piece was killed.
I hope that as soon as the roads are free M. de Cameton will
come to rejoice with our Count over a success which redounds
so much to his glory, and has made such a noise in the world.
French. Copy in Fanshavfs letter hooh 1 p.
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Sm RiciiARD Panshaw to Sm Henry Bennet.
1663, June 5-15. Lisbou — *' Upon the ever to us happy and
often superlatively joyful 29th of May/V it has pleased God to
give his Majesty's nearest ally an absolute victory, not without
tke assistance of our English troops, under the excellent conduct
of the Count de Schomberg/ I refer you to the enclosed relations
of those " who were both eye-witnesses and actors in the battle,
and of them principally to the testimony of strangers . . .
whose business it was not to tell our tale only, but the manage-
ment and success of that day in the gross." . »The battle refiuly
began two days before in the brush near Evora, when the Eng-
lish vanguard showed the Portuguese " that the Spanish Armada
was not invincible, and taught the Spaniard on the other hand
that the Portugal armv was not contemptible." I am not
ashamed of my former fear or indeed despair of the fortune of
Portugal, seeing that it was shared by the Comte de Schomberg
himself, nor do I see the error of my conjecture that without a
powerful help from England Portugal was lost, but *' I did not
discern that powerful succour to be already here whilst I was
soliciting for it," or believe it possible that a beheaded remnant,
with so many discouragements to boot, could have proved such
instruments of good, for which infidelity of mine I humbly
crave his Majesty's pardon and theirs."* Cojyy in letter book.
2\pp.
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, June [5-] 15. Palace — Stating that the plague is very
severe in Algiers, and begging his Excellency to use all pre-
cautions as regards the English ships. Portugtiese. Copy in
letter book J p.
Sm EicHABD Panshaw to Sm Henry Bennet.
1663, June 7-17. Lisbon — On Sunday, the 10th, Captain
Utbert, commander of H.M.S. Phomix, arrived here from Havre
de Grace with a new French incognito, who has brought a
hundred thousand crowns for the use of the King of Portugal.
On Tuesday, the 13th, Major Holmes came from Tangier, where
he left the Earl of Teviot highly contented with the place.
Captain Smith remains there, to carry home the Earl of Peter-
borough. '"On Thursday, the 14th, I was invited to a conference
with the ministers here, who told me that Francisco Fereira was
being sent to England, Holland and France to announce the late
victory and stir up the allies to send further help of men and
money to enable this crown ** to follow their blow smartly." I
told them plainly that the report in England of the treatment
of our men would make it impossible to persuade any more to
follow them, but that as to ships, some had already arrived, and
the rest were hourly expected. ' As regards France and Holland
I could say nothing at all, being a stranger to the arrangements
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between Portugal and them, '* whereof nevertheless I happened to
know a little more than any minister here had told me. The
Secretary replied, no, no, there was nothing concealed from me,"
and upon their requesting my good offices with my master, which
in general I promised, the conference broke up. '
^ As soon as the news of the victory arrived, M. Cameton, alias
Colbert, resolved to return to France, saying that the case was
so altered that he must seek fresh instructions. The twelve
hundred French are daily expected and ** may come time enough
to have their share in the re-siege of Evora — this day, as I sup-
pose, begun — which, though it remain aislada [isolated], may
cost very hot work to get, being commanded by an old Biscay
soldier, who — ^they here say — ^fears neither God nor man."- Copy
in letter hook, 3 pp.
Captain B. Gilpin to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, June 8. H.M.S. Hector, near the bar of Faeror [Faro] —
Stating that Admiral Smith is preparing to sail for home with
the Earl of Peterborough, staying only for the Earl of Teviot's
commission ; that two new redoubts have been built at Tangier,
and that there are provisions of all sorts for fourteen months in
the town, besides a hundred and twenty tons of oatmeal come
lately and more coming. Copy in letter hook. 1 p.
Sm EicHABD Fanshaw to the Conde de Castelmelhor.
1663, June [8-] 18 — ^As the non-cession to England of the island
of Bombay is the chief point which he wishes to discuss with the
Council, he thinks it best, for avoiding of either exaggeration or
suppression, to send the letters concerning it, which he has
had copied in English — a language which the Secretary of State
understands well — seeing that if in translations the words are
offensive the deeds are apt to be so also. Spanish. Copy in
letter hook. \\ pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Comte de Schonberg.
1663, June 9-19. Lisbon — I send you his Majesty's answer to
the officers' petition, a copy of my warrant, oraering me to
distribute the first 6,000Z. obtained from the Queen's portion
amongst our forces, and also a copy of a letter from Mr. Secretary
Bennet, recommending Captain Trelawny, " as also with singular
kindness our renowned Colonel Michael Dongan, who is now
beyond the sphere of human activity to serve him, save only by
doing justice to his fame, in which all the world here doth
unanimously concur, English, French and Portugueses." I could
heartily wish that " a list were made out of the muster-rolls
of all the strangers, to the meanest common soldier, with the
particular places of their birth," for though I presume that
the Portuguese will do justice to their merits in that famous
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battle, and in what they have already written are no niggards
in their just commendations of the strangers, yet " we have an
English verse somewhere as common as a proverb : In the way
of love and glory, Each tongue best tells his own storv."^" Secre-
tarv Sennet's letter also recites the issue of Major-General
O'Brien's examination, " which I wish were known to the soldiery
there with you for the better clearing of his honour and innooency
amongst them, whilst I shall be as industrious in this court to
obtain his quietus est from hence," which I expect to be able
to do, because I believe they never really thought him guilty.
I hope the soldiers will understand how difficult it will be for me
to oDtain the 6,000Z. for them from this court. I know the
ministers here will wish to count it as part of their arrears,
instead of a donative from our own King, but to that
I shall never agree. -^* Major Dempsey, now Lieut.-Colonel
by your Excellency's favour, desires me by letter to render
your Lordship thanks for his preferment, and prays withal
a lift for his countryman, Captain Birn," who "performed
signally in the day of battle." Copy in fetter book. 2f pp.
Sir Eichard Fanshaw to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1663, June [10-]20. Lisbon — " For the great favour of your
Lordship's of the 12th of April I rendered my most humble
thanks by mine dated the 20-oOth of May.
" Tour Lordship's second by Captain Trelawny, more particu-
larly entering into the marrow of the negotiations under my
hand, hath yet farther obliged me and shdl to follow and per-
form as near as I can all your Lordship's lights and commands
therein.
" I do not here tell your Lordship for news the great victory
obtained against Don John, because fame, which seems to fly
through the air, uses to carry such extraordinary successes faster
than human observation, either ship by sea or post by land.
Only I would inform your Lordship, the best I can on the sudden,
particulars how and by whom it was gained, enclosing herewith,
by way of patterns, lie Portugal relation in Spanish * — ^which
will shortly come forth here in Latin likewise — as also a summary
account of what the King our master's subjects acted that day
from Colonel Tames Apsley,! whose name is now deservedly high
in this kingdom since the battle, having before lain under much
obloquy, but not in reference to courage, after which — as your
Lordship will there see — a relation at large will come with an
English bias, if any at all, of which I accuse neither English
nor Portuguese ; but must rationally conclude that the truth will
be found in the mouth of two or three witnesses, leaving — ^for
one — an ear for the French relations too ; all which put and
compared together, that nation of the three which gets the
plurality of votes for the second place in merit seems to me to
* Probably that of which there is a copy in the Briliah Museum, " Relacion
de la famosa y memorable vitoria, &c." (9195, c. 25.) t See p. 101 aboTe.
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have a right to the first ; or else let the Spaniard judge for all.
But I hope they will agree among themselves for the laurel, as
they did in the battle." Co'py in letter look. 1 p.
SiE EiCHABD Fanshaw to the Lord Bishop of London.
1663, June [10-]20. Lisbon—" Tour Lordship's I have re-
ceived, which tells me where you can do me no good, and certainly
I ought to rest very well satisfied wii hout your Lordship's obliging
me by the benefits of another, who have so much already obliged
be by your own, and would yet more have done it had the
importunities of another given your Lordship leave to dispose
of what is your own. It were a good deed to do it yet to anger
him, but that your Lordship is no ways revengeful, and besides —
according to what I hear out of England — it is both my fear
and my hope that before this come to hand your Lordship will
have changed your station."
N» Postscript — " I give not your Lordship a relation of the great
victory here against the Spaniard because you meddle not with
blood, but it will sound so loud there, as well as in other parts
of the world, that your Lordship must hear it however, unless
you stop your ears very close." Copy in letter hook. | p.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to the Bishop of Winchester.
1663, June [10-]20. Lisbon — I have received your last letter
but the one sent in Lord Cornbury's cover miscarried, as nearly
all my letters have done unless sent by a frigate. " From my
Lord Chancellor I have received two, both of them as to quantity
of a bountiful length and as to quality very obliging m their
contents, by whicn means that of your Lordship's which is
missing proves the less loss to me, though still a great one
because I take a delight in being often told how much I am
in his Lordship's favour and yours. The news of this countrv
I need not tell your Lordship. All Christendom will be fufl
of it before this can arrive." Copy in letter book. | p.
CONDE DE CaSTELMELHOR tO SiR ElCHARD FaNSHAVS^.
1663, June [10-]20. The Palace— Eegretting that the orders
given for the delivery of the Island of Bombay have not been
carried out, and requesting his Excellency to point out what he
conceives necessary to be done. Portuguese. Copy in letter
hook. IJ pp.
COMTE DE ScHONBERG tO SiR RiCHARD FaNSHAW.
1663, June [12-]22. Camp before Evora— If the Conde de Cas-
telmelhor will send some money, as he promised me, the troops
here will have nothing to grumble at. My regiment of foot
lacks good officers, and so is rather insubordinate, but I shall
M. H
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remedy this with a little care and patience^^ I have made Demsy
Lieutenant-Colonel. Captain Sutton, persuaded by his lieu-
tenant^ wishes to retire from the service, but I do not know
whether I shall do well to give him his conge after the cam-
paign.. The officers here do not take sufficient care of their
cavalry horses. In the dearth of good officers I have some idea
of making my eldest son colonel of the regiment. If we had
some good old officer I shoidd not do it, my son being yet very
young, and in any case I shall decide nothing until you tell me
that you will help me to make my excuses for so bad a choice.
The day before yesterday four hundred men, of whom the two
hundred forming the vanguard were commanded by our young
Major Bellasis, carried the fort of St. Antonio with the loss of
three soldiers. I hope that to-night we shall attach le mineur to
the wall, behind which I do not doubt that the enemy has made
some entrenchments. The Comte de Satirani [Santirena] does
not show any such capacity in his defence of the place as the
Spanish prisoners in Lisbon led us to expect. Those who have
given themselves up here say that their horse mean to come
out to-night and withdraw into their own country. I have sent
twenty squadrons to stop their way. Don John is said to be
gathering troops to relieve this place. I hope he is, and then
we will march against him. A fortnight after a victory, the
soldiers who have been beaten remember it. - My belief is that
in four or five days the enemy must capitulate, and I think
we ought to treat them as they treated our side. When Evora
is taken we might, for the reputation of the arms of Portugal,
advance into the enemy's country, if it were not that our men
are fatigued and that it is beginning to be very hot, so that it
is to be feared that the rest of the auxiliaries would desert and
that the troops, especially the foreigners, would perish. These
people here are already idred of the fatigues of the campaign ;
they are naturally lazy, and there is not a commander who does
anything unless he is obliged. Messieurs de Villa Flor and
Marialva set them the example, for their only care is to write
letters and to ask what is going on in the siegre. Neither one
nor the other has been nearer to the town than the quarter where
they are lodged and they do not even know on which side we
have opened the trenches. It is pitiable that a King should not
have a single commander in his kingdom. The result is that
affairs go on so slowly that one is disgusted, doing all one can
and yet accomplishing nothing.
Mr. Trelawny has just brought me his packet. I have seen
all the papers and entirely agree with what you say.
I will have a roll drawn up of the soldiers and their birthplaces,
and will tell them of the p^ood will of the King. ilr. Trelawny
will be made Major of the regiment. The G,OOOZ. must certainlv
be only distributed, as you say, according to the orders whick
you receive from the King.
Postscript, — The Sieur de la Pies, my lieutenant, has been
Idlled. He has left me his harriers, which he told me he bought
from a German Colonel when they were very young, six months
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ago. They tell me here that they were taken from you. I do
not know whether they are bad or good, and I hear that they
have not been run yet. You may dispose of them as you will,
seeing that you are the master of all that I have, whether
acquired well or ill. I think the officers and soldiers killed in
the battle ought to have their arrears paid up and have written
to the Conde de Castelmelhor, with whom you might confer on
the matter.
June [15-]26 — ^The consul has been delayed by business until
to-day, when the enemy has capitulated. Our (ienerals were so
tired of the sie^e and so apprehensive that Don John would send
succours that they wished to grant all that was asked, and with-
out my seal and against all reason they have given in on the
article concerning the horses. All the soldiers, both horse and
foot, remain prisoners of war until October 15. I should
think that there are about three thousand five hundred men.
French, Copy in letter hook, 2\ pp.
Antonio de Sottsa de Macedo to Sm Eichard Fanshav^.
> 1663, June [13-]23. The Palace— Announcing that the fort
of St. Antonio at Evora has been stormed and taken by two
hundred English and two hundred Portuguese, each under com-
mand of their Major, with great loss to the enemy ; and that the
English behaved with much valour and determination. Portvn
ffuese. Copy in letter hooh ^ p.
The Same to the Same.
^ 1663, June [15-]26. The Palace — ^Announcing that God has
been pleased to restore to them the city of Evora, which, after two
breacnes had been made in the fortifications, capitulated, the
commanders, with two pieces of artillery, being allowed to leave,
but all the horse and foot, ten pieces of artillery and all
the baggage falling into the victors' hands ; and congratulating
his Excellency upon this success, in which the English troops
had a great share. Portuguese, Copy in letter hooh, \ p,
^ CJOLONEL J[aMEs] ApSLEY tO [SlE RiCHARD FaNSHAV^].
1663, June [15-]25. Camp before Evora — " I have sent your
Excellency a full relation of our proceedings in the camp till the
8th of June. I am much afraid I have been too busy in
imposing any intelligence upon your Excellency, who must of
necessity be far better advised of all passages by the letters
of our General, but since his care and trouble is much, I had
reason to believe he had forgot the merits of our countrymen
by a French relation I saw composed by Monsieur Claran by the
command of the Earl of Sumbergh [Schonberg], wherein we are
only nominated as assistants when indeed we were the sole victors.
I hope a soldier may be excused from vanity in the relation
of a truth, for mv Lord Bacon teaches me that vainrfory in
H 2
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them is a virtue, in Dticihtis et viris militarihus gloriosum esse
non imdile est; sicut enim ferrum acuii ferrum^ ita per gloriam
hanc animi etiam acuuntur invicem et excitantur* We rested six
days after the battle at Estremos to furnish ourselves with
battering-pieces, powder, sale \_sic\ scaling-ladders and whatever
else was necessary for the siege or storming of a town. We came
to Evora about the 14th of June, where we joined with the army
of the Marquess of Marialva, which came from Lisbon and
consisted of five thousand foot and five hundred horse. The
first two days we did nothing but cut down fagots ; when we
had enough we began our approaches. The Ean of Sumbergh
and the Generals were all lodged in a garden and convent near to
the fort of St. Anthony, which was built upon their water work ;
part of the convent was within half-musket shot of the fort,
where his Excellency had placed some cannon, but his Excellency
espied a quicker way of taking of it than by battery, and when
he had well surveyed the place, about the 22nd of June, I
having the guard, he sent to me to send him two hundred
musketeers under the command of a major and two captains,
which was performed according to command, and I sent Major
Bellases with two hundred musketeers. About twelve of the
clock at mght the fort was stormed and taken by those few
men ; we only had one captain wounded and three soldiers killed.
The next day they offered to capitulate, but presently broke
off. Our approaches went on very fast. Some two days after
the Lieutenant-General who commanded our approaches, emulous
of the honour was gotten by the storming of tne fort of St.
Anthony, did command out two hundred musketeers also, which
I sent him under the command of Captain Koach and Captain
More. The Lieutenant-General was resolved we should storm,
though he had not judgment to know what, when or where,
so he gave command that these two hundred men should storm
a half moon of the enemy's and that they should kill all that
were found in the ditch between that and the wall. His command
was obeyed, though we were sensible of the unreasonableness
of it, and there was onlv one man found there, the rest having
got into town, though they ran in with that fear they had not
time to shut the port ; we lost three men and had four wounded ;
next morning the treaty was finished, but what the articles are
I know not." Endorsed by Lady Fanshaw : ** Sir Allan [sic]
Apsley's letter." 2 pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to the Conde de Castelmelhor.
1663, June ri6-]26 — Stating, in reply to his Excellency's of
the 20th, that he cannot draw back from any of the demands
of the King, his master, for the punishment of and recompense
for the affront offered him by the non-delivery of Bombay, and
that moreover it would be well that the city of Bazaim should
also be given into his hands; with further demands for the
• See tlw Essay, De Vana Olorith
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payment of the English troops and regulation of naval commerce.
Spanish. Copy in Utter hook. 4 pp.
Annexed^
Five papers of extracts from instructions , ^c, relating to
the above matters. 3 pp,
'^ Fedbic [sic] DE ScHAMPS to Pkince Rupeet.
1663, June [16-]26. Isle of la Tortue [or Tortuga]^— Captain
Femes having arrived in the port of la Tortue, where I command
for my uncle, the Governor, and having told me that he belonged
to you and that you had sent him expressly to learn tidings
of the illustrious Frince Maurice, I have done all in my power
to obtain intelligence, but am grieved to have to give you the sad
news, of which there seems no doubt, that he is dead, as you
will see by the deposition which I send you of one of my
townspeople, who was then a prisoner in 8t. Domingo. Also
another resident here has told me that he long lived at Porto
Rico and had often heard it said that Prince Maurice was dead.
Some time ago there was a man here who was at Porto Bico
when this noble Prince was lost, who assured me that he was
dead, and a Spaniard, cominj^ from Malacre, had a very hand-
some chevdure fastened on his hat, which was believed to have
been that of the Prince himself. This is all the news I can
learn. J wish I had better to send you, for although I have
not the honour of being known to your Highness, I have heard
so much in your praise in the houses of Boulion and of Duras
that I ardently desire to offer you my services. I pray you to
forgive a young scholar if there are any faults in this letter
and if he does not offer you all the respect and the titles due to
you. French. Copy. If pp.
Addressed: — **A tres-naut et tres-illustre Prince Robert et
Prince du Palatin, Due du Bavary et Due Combrelant " [Cum-
berland].
On the same sheet.
1663, June [16-]26 — ^Deposition of William Beaucham,
Frenchman, that having been captured by the Spaniards he
was taken prisoner to the town of St. Domingo, where, after
his release, he heard some mariners of a ship from Porto
Rico talking to those of St. Domingo upon the shore.
Seeing a great Flemish ship in the port the Porto Rico
men said it was like the English ship which was lost on the
coast of Porto Rico. Those of St. Domingo asked if many
had been saved, to which the others replied that not a man
was saved, as those that escaped the sea were all massacred,
and that Prince Maurice was lost.
The men of St. Domingo asked if they had massacred him,
too, and one of them replied no, but that they had made him
drink a cup of chocolate, which was as much as to say that they
had poisoned him.
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June [16-]26 — Being at the Spanish island of Saveana there
was one Martin Roubinet, master of a shalop, who had met a
priest who told him that Prince Maurice was at Porto Bico,
but a Spanish ensign bade him be silent and he heard nothing
more. French. Cojyy. IJ pp.
Sib EicHAaD Eanshaw to Sni Henby Bennet.
1663, June 19-29. Lisbon-^^ My last despatch concluded with
the arrival here of the twelve hundred French from Plymouth
after the battle, but time enough, as I then thought, for the re-
siege of Evora, but I was^deceived, for the said i^rench, having
sickness among them by their very long lying on shipboard,
were thereby so discomposed as that they could not reach to be
of any use there until that upon the 2tird instant a party of
four hundred of the Portuguese army, whereof two hundred
which made the vanguard were English commanded by Major
Bellasis, a most gallant young man, brother to my Lord of
Faulconbridge, did carry the fort of St. Antonio, suburban to
Evora, with the loss of only three soldiers of ours, but of a matter
of three hundred Spaniards of six hundred which were the
defenders, being the medium of eight hundred which some report
were therein and others four hundred. This prodigious action
I relate with very great modesty in reference to our English
and their commander, for there are that do affirm that of the
other two hundred of the party, which should have seconded
them, not a man was come up until ours had finished the
work, and that then ours would not suffer them to enter for a
share of the honour, the booty not being worth the wrangling
for ; all I have heard named was a Capuchin's robe, which one
of our common soldiers plundered from the owner's back ; and
to the great merriment of himself and the beholders — of which
the friar himself had his part in that he had scaped so well with
the loss of his upper skin only — put it upon his own, cpwl and
all upon his head, saying he would be clad in summer, though
he had gone naked all the winter. Many other comical passages
in this campaign the Portuguese tell here of our countrymen,
but many more tragical ones — I do believe — the Castilians will
tell of them by way of complaint into England. Sure it is
that so few men — I will not now endear the matter by the cir-
cumstances of their discouragements as I have done heretofore —
absolutely speaking did never act more great and daring things
in any part of the world. In fine, to return to fort St. Antonio,
where I left two hundred of them lacking three, the stupendous-
ness of that action was such that the Portugal army preparing
for a general assault, the surrender of the city loUowed not
long after, the news thereof arriving here at Lisbon together
with the BrazU fleet, to complete the joy of this Court, upon the
15-25 instant. The conditions were that the Spaniard should
march out with bullet in mouth, colours flying and two pieces
of ordnance, the rest, which were ten pieces and their other
baggage, should remain, that the Spanish officers should march
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quite away, all the soldiers as well korse as foot to the number
of above three thousand hve hundred to remain prisoners until
the 15th day of October. The condition as to the horses them-
selves is the same as to their riders, a thing which troubled
Oomte de Schonberg very much, knowing the very great want
this kingdom hath of those necessary creatures, but the Portugal
chiefs answered him they would find an evasion for that, the
Castilians having broken the same article with them at the
late surrender of the city to Don John, and this answer troubles
the Gomte ten times more.
This being in substance all of note which hath happened here
since my last, it remains to observe whether there will be any-
thing more attempted this season, the heats now growing near
their height. The issue will be subject for my next, which your
honour may expect not long after this, though not so soon as
I imagined unless by some emergent opportunity of writing,
the matters upon which I did and yet do intend to dispatch an
express for England — as requiring no less by the weight there-
of — flying under debate, but, as all business, not ripening so
fast in these Spanish climes as fruits do ^ and now I am resolved
to put home for very clear resolutions in all particulars which
are commanded me by our royal master, most especially as to
what may be absolutely relied upon in reference to these incom-
parable troops — so many of them as remain, which may be about
half the number which came the last year — that either they may
be well secured of their future good pay and treatment in this
kingdom or his Majesty seasonably informed of the uncertainty
thereof — which would he as much as to say the im^prohability —
whereby not to lose the opportunity of his Majesty's lleet
whilst it remains in these seas, for transporting them elsewhere,
there being certainly no country in the world that hath or app^-
hends war, which would not be most joyful to entertain them
as friends and as troubled to see them their enemies. But I
trust, whenever they leave this service and not by their own
default — ^whereby to disoblige his Majesty that way — they shall
never sei-ve any other again out himself whilst his Majesty hath
a soldier in England and so many royal plantations abroad, of
which Tangier is not the least hopeful and lies excellently to
their hand with constant pay and provisions, and where — as I
apprehend it — the more their numbers shall be the more they
will have to live upon. My Lord of Peterborough can inform
his Majesty better for the taking of true measures herein, so will
the successive despatches and addresses from his indefatigable
successor, the Earl of Teviot.
The latter had already — according to a letter I have newly
received from his Lordship by the way of Algarve, whither he
had sent Captain Gilpin with a frigate for some necessaries —
in a fortnight space hooked in a little piece of country by two
new-erected forts and a circular trench to the town, and I do
verily believe that in process of time he will add as many skins
to it, one without another, as there are of an onion. His Lord-
ship writes me he hath as good hopes of the mole, if there
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want not Exchequer supplies: and truly — ^methinks— it were
great pity that those should be failing to a work which may
one day help to supply the Exchequer.' This letter was brought
me by an express from Faro, where Captain Gtilpin lies with
the frigate making his provisions by assistance of an English
merchant there — one Mr. Johnson, whom the Earl employs
therein, — and in expectation of an effectual letter from this King
to his ministers in that kingdom for the shipping off now and
from time to time such necessaries of all sorts as shall be bought
for the use of the garrison at Tangier, whether for building,
fortification or provision, which letter from his Portugal Majesty
— being promised it in very ample manner — ^I attend here hourly
to despatch the expres^s back, and in ca«e I should find it 'short
as to all occasions which the Governor of Tangier may have
in other parts of these dominions, I shall solicit that afterwards
when I go to the palace in person, being at present restrained
by something of private disaster in my family. A sort of disaster
mine is whereunto your honour is not as yet liable, and when
you may be, that it never betide you to mix water with your
joys is the wish of yours, &c. Copy in letter book, 3 J pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to the Eael of Peteeboeough.
1663, June [19-]29. Lisbon—" The last night I received the
report of your Lordship's arrival upon this coast at Cascays,
immediately whereupon or most undoubtedly this morning early
I had speeded to wait upon your Lordship there, had not the
good news surprised me at a time when my pores were shut
with the sense of a loss of something dear to me newly received,
and the fear of another, in a nearer degree of dearness, per-
pendicular. In fine that night, which was a critical one, is
past, not without eminent effects of the danger it uses to bring
along with it and the danger itself — as I do now most confidently
hope — ^with it, so that if this present day and following night
pass according to expectation without new alarms, I have no
more of cloud left by to-morrow's sun than that and the first
sight of my Lord of Peterborough will totally disperse. To
which end — God willing — I will then take coach to wait upon
your Lordship at your ship, and thence hither, unless my friend
Captain Halbord have so discredited to your Lordship the town
of Ulysses as that your Lordship will not think it worthy so
much as of a short survey." The bearer of tliis, my kinsman
and secretaiy, will send me your Lordship's resolution by express
to-night. Cojyy in letter booh 1 p.
MoNS. DE Fremont to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, June [19-]29 — ^Regretting that business with the Cond^
de Castelmelhor prevents ms coming in person, and stating that
the Comte de Schomberg, whom he had left in good health, would
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be that same eyening with his army at Estremos, having been
obliged to go thither to stop the proceedings of the enemy in the
neighbourhood of Terena and Landroal. French. 1 /;.
C0!n)B DK CaSTELMELHOB to SlE BiCHAKD FaNSHAW.
1663, June [20-]30. The Palace— Stating that the King has
ordered him to reply upon those points concerning which his
Excellency wrote to himself and to the Secretary of State — ^that
as to the supply of necessaries for Tangier from Algarve they
wrote to the Uoyemor last September, but if a fresh letter is
necessary it shall be sent ; that in regard to Bombay fresh orders
are being sent with all speed, but that the King cannot understand
the demand for the cession of Bagaim, and as in such matters it is
not possible to act without consulting the treaties and the public
conyenience he can make no reply until he has seen the docu-
ments on which the claim is founded — with further matters
concerning the English troops and commerce. Portuguese. Copy
in letter booh If pp.
Sib Richabp Fanshaw to the Eabl of Tbviot.
1663 [June 21-]Jidy 1. Lisbon — ^The ministers here tell me
that what Mr. Johnson asks, *' namely, a letter from the King of
Portugal to the Goyemor of Algarve in favour of Tangier " was
sent long since, but I now enclose another to the same effect,
and also several attested copies of an extract from a letter of the
Conde de Castelmelhor, which you may find useful, presuming
that *' credit will be given to my attestation and reverence to the
Conde's name. ... I will commend your Lordship and the
hopefulness of [your] plantation no more unto you, because I see
you apt to construe it as a compliment. It is a fairer way of
proceeding to let you know what I say of both to others," so I
send you a copy of what I have written to Secretary Bennet
by the Earl of Peterborough. I confess that I wish you the
reversion of the English troops in Portugal, " and so I should
do were they recruited to ten thousand and all of the same
kidney, supposing rpom can never be wanting for them who are
so good at making of room. I say where there is continent enough
in the hands of not the most warlike people in the world without
disparagement, knowing very well what the Africans have been in
ages past, and therefore what they [may] be again in the future,
nor yet at all looking upon them as contemptible in the present.
But to return to our countrymen. This copy gives your Lordship
only the fag-end of their exploits here this summer. The
enclosed print in Spanish* relates particidarly the very great
victory obtained by this Crown over Don Juan of Austria, to
which, even according to this Portugal's relation, [they] con-
tributed very eminently. There are — and nations unconcerned
*Sfe note on p. 112 obore.
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too — ^that attribute exceedingly much more to their valour than
this speaks of." Copy in letter hook. 1| pp.
Annexed,
Copy of extrdct from Conde de Castelmelhor^s letter
of June 20-30, relating to Tangier.
Sm BicuABD Fanshaw to Conde [de Castelmelhor], Secre-
tario de la puridad.
1663 [June 22-] Jidy 2 — Stating that he has resolved to go to
England to obtain fresh instructions from the King and his
ministers. Spanish. Copy in letter book. 1^ pp.
The Same to the Same.
1663 [June 26-]July 6 — ^Reiterating his views concerning
Bombay, Bazaim, the English troops, &a, and stating that,
having resolved to send an express to obtain full information as
to the views of the King of Great Britain and his ministers,
he has come to the conclusion that the only way of obtaining
satisfaction will be to go himself. Spanish. Copy in letter
hook. 2^ pp.
LiEUT.-Ck)LONEL Laukence Dempsey to Sib Eichabd Fanshaw.
1663 [June] — ^I have not hitherto been able to give your
Excellency an account of our victory " by reason of the great
care I had to look after the slain and wounded men" of our
regiment. - The valour and gallantry of our English was beyond
what I can express, but I must briefly say " that both our horse
and foot gained that victory, and in the open field and occasion
the Generals all did acknowledge the same, and I do not
doubt but that our own General, Count Schonberg, and Conde
Villa Flor will inform your Excellency of this to be true."- I send
you enclosed a list of our slain and wounded and also of the
enemy's losses, so far as I can learn them. We sadly need
accommodation for our wounded and money for our present sub-
sistence, for our officers are in great want and our soldiers ready
to perish, although Count Schonberg does all he can for our relief.
"We lost seventy horses in the battle, and are told that our own
King has to remount us, " which was a very sad answer in my
opinion." To-morrow we begin our march to Evora. Count
Schonberg has made me Lieut.-Colonel of the regiment of horse.
3 pp.
En
'nclosing,
1. List of killed and wounded in the Generates regiment
of horse: — Lieut.-Colon-el Dongan, Lieutenant Pollen and
seventy-five soldiers " killed ordright,^ and nine other officers
and about a hundred soldiers wounded, some of whom
have since died. The troops mentioned are those of the
General, Lieut, -Colon el Dongan, Major Dempsey^ and Cap--
tains Trelawny, SntUm and Sharpe. 1 p.
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2. A relation of all the prisoners belonging to the
Spanish armyy' agreeing for the most part with thai given
by the ConUe de Schonberg, 1^ pp.
Duke of Yoek.
[1663, June?] — Statement by Sir John Lawson that when
the King of Portugal has granted license to the Duke of York
to send three ships to Brazil, Mr. Jacob, merchant of Lisbon,
will undertake to freight the Mathias, Greai Charity and Augus-
tine on die following terms, viz.: — That if the Duke of York
man the three ships with two hundred able seamen, fit and
victual them for twelve months and pay the wages, Mr. Jacob
will pay him 14,000/., of which 2,000Z. will be paid at their setting
sail and the rest on their return, and will also provide wages
and victuals for any term over the twelve months. Copy in
letter booh \ p.
Duke of Yoek.
1663, July [1-]11 — Statement that his Britannic Majesty has
lent his brother, the Duke of York, three of the rojral ships to
trade to Brazil, which will go as merchant ships, paying all dues
and giving the usual security. Superscribed hy Fansh/iw :
" Proposition of the Duke of fork, begging license from the
King of Portugal to send three ships to Brazil, lent him by
the King, his brother, by way of Lisbon, giving security for the
same and paying all rights to the Exchequer." Spanish. Copy
in letter book, f p.
8itt Richard Fanshaw to Sir Henry Bennett.
1663, July 3-13. Lisbon — Giving news of the present state
of affairs, and stating his resolve to sail a month hence for
England. Copy. 2J pp. [Original in the Portugal Corres-
pondence.^
Sir Richard Fanshaw to William Coventry.
1663, July 3-13. Lisbon — ^I received the Duke's letters with
joy and pride, and beKeve that the most dutiful way of answer-
ing them will be a diligent execution on my part. I have satis-
fied myself that if the license be given *' the clear gains to his
Royal Highness will probably amount to six or seven thousand
pounds, without disbursing anything considerable beforehand, as
Sir John Lawson hath contrived the bargain," and I have put
the business of the license into the hands of the King's favourite,
whose answer I expect in a few days. The matter has to be laid
before the Council, who of late have objected to granting such
licenses, even though paid for, believing them to be detrimental
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to Portugal in the end, "how useful soever to stop a present
gap or accommodate a particular person." Sir John Lawson
means to send Major Holmes back to England, but meanwhile
has despatched him to Tangier that he may cany home the
latest news from that garrison. Copy in letter look. 1 p.
Sm AiiLAN Apsley to Lord [Ambassador] Fanshaw, in
Portugal.
[1663], July 6. St. James' — ^I thank you for your generous
kindness to my brother, and beseech you **to continue your
charity to him and to afford him your kind advice to
preserve the reputation you have given him. To give a man
a good fame is more than to give him riches, and I
am afraid my brother was poor throughout." I wish I could
be of service to you here, but I believe your own virtues will
prevent you from having occasion for so mean a help. I pray
you present my humblest duty to your excellent lady. 1 p.
Seal of arms.
M. DE Fremont to S[on] A[ltesse] M[onsieur] L[e] P[rince]
D[e] T[urenneJ.
1663, July [13-]23. Lisbon — ^As the Comte de Schomberg
tells me that he has written at length to your Highness concerning
the regiment which has been sent I will conline myself to the
affairs of Portugal. I fear that the noise of the victory gained
by this people over the Castilians may somewhat diminish the
desire to help them or at any rate retard its effects, from the
idea that they are quite strong enough and that there is no wish
for them to be conquerors, but only good defenders of their
country. Truly those who hear of this battle without under-
standing the humours and ways of the Portuguese might with
reason conclude that the kingdom is saved after the happy success
of this campaij;n, and yet I assure your Highness that it has as
much need of help as ever and that the assistance cannot be too
speedy or too effective, for this crown has been this spring in the
greatest difficulties, not to say upon the verge of ruin, seeing that
they might have lost the battle instead of winning it, and if so
there would have been a general revolt and a blind following
of the party of the conquerors. It may seem strange to you to
hear me talk after such a fashion, but I beg you to consider that
there is no question here of an enemy foreign in religion,
manners or language, or who has done such injury to this nation
as to make reconciliation impossible. When they meet they
dispute the ground foot by foot and fiprht obstinately about
the streams and passages of the smallest importance. But it is
simply one part of a country rising up against the other, and
is rather a civil than a foreign war. Both parties have the same
religion, the same customs, the same language, and if there is
any essential difference between them it is that in the slightest
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adversity the weaker remembers that it was less burdened with
taxes under the stronger and, beneath their rule, enjoyed
many other advantages besides that of peace. This does not
appear much in the present state of affairs, but the people will
only remain faithful while fortune is doubtful, and if it once
declares for the first master nothing will stop its progress. And
this, which in other places would be called betraying their country
or taking sides with the stronger party, would pass here for the
action of people who voluntarily return to their duty, and, avoid-
ing an evil, accept what is good. The riot in Lisbon after the tak-
ing of Evora is a i?ood example, and if this is not enough, the vari-
ous dealings of the principal ministers here with Spain and the
correspondence of many towns of this kingdom which have come
to light amongst Don Juan's papers, only confirm too much the
private views of these people. Triumphs and fanfaronades would
be no guarantee after the loss of a considerable town or the
winning Isie] of a battle, for the enemy knows better than they
do how to profit by such advantages. After the day of Cano [el
Canal] all one could obtain from the Portuguese was to retake
Evora, and although fortune offered them the best opportunity
in the world to retake Aronches, — having set fire to the powder,
razed the castle and killed or wounded twelve hundred men, —
yet they were so faint-hearted that they dared not attempt it,
and these same people, who, after the defeat of the Spaniards,
ought to have made three sieges at the same time, did not find
themselves, three weeks afterwards, in a position to take even
one place which was already half surrendered.. If the Portu-
guese were certain of beating their enemies every year they
could not relax more than they are doing now, each one think-
ing only of resting after their victory rather than of taking
advantage of it, and preferring the pleasure of going home and
talking about it to that of profiting by it at the expense of the
enemy.' At present there only remain in the body of the army
the few foreigners who are here, but it is to be hoped thev are
enough to repair all the faults that are beinsr committed. This,
however, they cannot do unless the King of Enffland sends men
and your Highness endeavours to make a fund for their subsist-
ence. When I remember what was given, when we were very short
of money, to our allies of Holland, Sweden, &c., to make a simple
diversion, which was often more profitable to themselves than
to us, it seems to me that there ought to be no difficulty in
granting this Crown eight or nine hundred thousand pounds
since, besides the expenses of the war and the results of the peace
with the Low Countries, they have to bear the costs of a marriage
for which the embassy alone cost them three hundred thousand
crowns. Moreover the assistance they demand need not be for
long, as it can be stopped at the first change of affairs in Spain,
and meanwhile we shall prevent a number of kingdoms, coun-
tries and towns in Africa, America and the Indies from fallincr
for a second time under the power of the House of Austria. I
have already sent your Highness an account of the foreign troops
here, and if you think the King may agree to pay something you
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cannot speak to him too soon about it. French. Copy in letter
hook. 3 pp.
Annexed^
1. Letter from M. de FremorU to Mons. H asset, London,
requesting him to see Sir Richard Fanshaw and discuss with
him the question of the succours designed for Portugal.
French. Copy. \ p.
2. Papers concerning the expenses of the foreign troops in
Portugal, French. Copy. 4 pp.
SiE EiCHARD Fanshaw to the Conde de Castelmelhob.
1663 [July .22-] August 1 — ^In the first place, I beg your
Excellency to assist me to express my gratitude to the King
for the great favour which he has shown me in sending to
enquire after my health, an honour which would suffice to cure
a much greater evil than that from which I was suffering. It
was never so great as to prevent my seeking you at the palace
if that had been necessary, but I had already represented every-
thing clearly on paper, which I know by experience is enough
for your Excellency without my interfering with other business
by my visits, and also I knew that you could not discuss matters
with much profit before the arrival of the frigate, which, as I
hear from an officer sent by the Captain, is now just entering this
port. Spanish. Copy in letter hook. \ p.
Sm BicHABD Fanshaw to the Comte de Schonberg.
1663 [July 24-]Augu8t 3. Lisbon — ^It is not in my power to
alter the resolutions of Princes, but I endeavour that their
brotherly intentions may be brought to execution and that
things may not be depended upon which are not pracficable.
I desire as much as anybody the service of Portugal, but I
cannot hope that the English will stay here and still less that
recruits will come, without more certainty as regards money.
Some very gallant officers here have expressed a fear that when
our troops know that I am leaving the country, they will ask
my leave to return to England also ; but to this I have answered
that " they came not hither because I was here, for I was then
not here, why then should they quit because I went, especially
since it was to serve them better." Moreover, not one of those
who have gone asked my leave, knowing that I had no authority
to give it.
Capt Travers is here, ill of a fever, as is also his wife. I find
him a very good man, and hear that he is also a very good officer.
Those here extol and love him very much. Copy in letter book.
2^ pp.
Sir Bichabd Fanshaw to Squire Norwood and Major Holmes,
on board H.M.S. Reserve.
1663 [July 29-]August 8 — " I presume you were yesterday so
well satisfied with the message and re-invitation from this King
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to you as well as to me, to see their bulls, that you will give
the Court the opportunity to put themselves in countenance by
seeing whatsoever was of negligence towards you the last day
amended and repaired, in con&dence whereof I request you to
dine with me to-day somewhat the earlier, because I would have
time to wait upon you, and who else you please to bring, till I
see all placed, and then send my coach oack for my family."
Copy in letter hook, J p.
Eakl op iNCinQUiN to [Sir Eicilird Fanshaw].
1663, Julv 29. London — "I know you have an account oi
the heads of the charge brought in against my Lord Chancellor
by my Lord of Bristol, which certainly had hurt only the lattei
and been laid aside had not the matter been kept in suspense
by two accidents. The one was too early and too earnest expres-
sions from his Majesty and the Duke, showing their desire and
intention to pimish my Lord of Bristol, and how severely was
doubtful, and the other was the timorousness of my Lord
Chancellor, who gave advantage to his adversary by consenting
to the giving of time for the examination of the matter, which
the House I believe would not have voted had it been put to the
question, though some of the Lords were led to be for it by a
subtilty of my Lord of Bristol's, who for that end named my Lord
of Ormond and my Lord of Latterdale [Laiiderdale] for two of
his witnesses, the one being in Ireland and the other in Scot-
land. Thus it came to pass that the hearing of the matter
should be remitted to the next session and witnesses examined
in the meantime.
Since then the Houses were busy on the Subsidy Bill, which
they have passed, and on two others, against Conventicles and
Papists, which admitted of so much dispute as that neither of
them have passed, only the speaker of the House of Commons
has desired his Majesty would by proclamation cause the laws
in force to be effectually put in execution against them, and
so the Parliament was on the 27th prorogued till the 16th of
March, and that night the King went to the Queen at Tunbridge,
where he stayed till this morning, and now he is come back
hither, wher*^ I believe he will be stayed by a bill that my Lord
of Anglesey has brought from Ireland, whereby new ways are
to be taken for the settlement of that kingdom, which cannot
be effected by those already prescribed. Thus I believe the
progress for this year will be laid aside, though all things be
in a readiness for it.
"We find that the King of France is marching his troops to a
place in Lorraine, called Marsall, which that Duke has strongly
garrisoned and victualled, and here we believe the war wiU
again begin between the house of Austria and France. My son
is cashiered in France and my pension there taken away by
means of 'the Portuguese, who have employed Monsieur de
Turenne to assure them of my intention to serve the Spaniard
and draw my brother thither, for which indeed there was some
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colour, because I Had some propositions from the Spaniard to
invite me to it, but I protest to you that even those propositions
had not a syllable in them tending to the prejudice o£ the
Portuguese, Mollery [Moledi?], that was here, knowing well —
without speaking to me — that there woidd be no hopes of getting
me to consent to any such proposition. And I do protest to you
again that I never had any capitulation with him of any sort
whatsoever, all that ever passed being bare proposition. Yet
I have suffered much by it in point of interest and reputation
both, for though it had been free for me to deal with the Spaniards
or any other, having then no obligation on me to the King of
Portugal, yet people did not know but that I had still a com-
mand there and believed that I betrayed a trust. This is so
much the more severe as that I protest before God I have
endeavoured to serve the Portuguese with my credit and industry,
and that I owe so much to the two Queens that my hands are
tied up, if I had a mind or power to revenge myself.'*
I am infinitely obliged for your goodness to my brother and
myself. Holograph. If pp.
Consul Thomas Maynard to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1663 [July 30-] August 9. Lisbon — " I was this forenoon at
the palace, where as soon as the Conde de Castelmelhor saw me,
he told me in a very high voice that I endeavoured to make
a breach between the two crowns, and that Cromwell was dead,
and that we had now a King in England, to whom he would
give an account of my actions. I told him I did bless God
we had a Kins: in England, and did beseech the Lord to give
him a long and prosperous reign, but what he meant by the other
expressions I did not understand ... to which he replied
that your Excellency told him that I was the cause of the disgust
that happened Monday last at the palace, by exasperating Colonel
ISTorwood and Major Holmes against the Court, and I told your
Excellency what then had happened to them in a worse sense
than the nature of the business deserved." I understood it was
your desire that this business should be forgotten and therefore
was willing to pass by the affronts I received, and I made the
best of it to the Conde and the Secretary of State, but if the
two Kings are to be troubled in the business I must beg that
his Majesty may know the whole truth, and if I declared the
affront to those gentlemen in a worse sense than it deserved
I shall beg no favour to shelter me from the censure of any man.
I sball make bold to wait on you this afternoon, when Colonel
Norwood and Major Holmes are with you to tell you them-
selves the truth of what happened, but meanwhile I have said
nothing to them about the business. Copy in letter hook. 1 j).
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Consul [Maynahd].
1663 [July 30-] August 9. Lisbon — "In answer to yours
of this day, 1 am sorry the matter of Monday last hath rankled
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so far when I wished and hoped it quite forgotten," bnt I can
only say " what you know already, namely, that you having
acquainted me that these gentlemen were turned out of the
palace in an affronting way, I declared to you and to his
Majesty's officers there that I would not come again to the Bulls,
or within the palace gates, but only to take leave of the Bang ;
which I would not nor durst have said, but upon supposition
that they were turned out, not only not placed, or not well placed,
which yet I should have taken very unkindly, but not so high."
Copy in letter hook. \ p.
Alfonso, King of Portugal, to his sister. Queen Catherine.
1663, August [5-] 15. Lisbon — ^I have enjoined Sir Richard
Fanshaw, ambassador of the King my brother, who is returning
to England, to assure you of the pleasure which it will give
me to be of service to his Majesty and of my willingness to
satisfy my obligations, for many reasons, and especially for the
great love which he shows to his Queen, my sister and mistress.
I confide so much in Sir Richard's judgment that I know he
will acquit himself of this office as I desire, and I need not beg
you to give him credit on my behalf. Spanish. Copy. \ p.
Alfonso, King of Portugal, to the Duke of York.
1663, August [7-] 17. Lisbon — Stating that he has desired
Sir Richard Fanshaw — ^who is now returning to his own country,
and whom he highly values for his many excellent qualities —
to express his gratitude to his Royal Highness for the particular
kindness which he has always shown towards the affairs of Portu-
gal. Latin. Copy. \ p.
Alk)Nso, King of Portugal, to Lord Chancellor Clarendon.
1663, August [7-] 17. Lisbon — ^Expressing the satisfaction
which Sir Richard Fanshaw, now returning to England, has
given as ambassador to the Court of Portugal. Latin. Copy.
Secretary Antonio de Sousa de Macedo.
1663, August [10-]20 — Certifying that there has been paid
to Sir Richard Fanshaw no more than 20,000 crusadoes of the
Queen of England's portion. Portugueic. Copy, f p.
Secretary Antonio de Sousa to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, August [11-]21 — ^Requesting him to come and speak
to his Majesty at once, as news has arrived that the King of
Spain is dead. Portuguese. Signed. \ p.
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Lionel Fansiiaw to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, September 6-16. Lisbon — ^Lord Teviot arrived here last
Friday, and this morning I attended him to the palace, where
he went to kiss the King's hand. After he had been with the
King, the Conde de Castelmelhor and the Secretary of State
discoursed with him and showed him drafts of fortifications
whilst the Infante was at Mass, whose hands he likewise went
to kiss. He tells me he had a pass to go through Spain, " but
by reason of some late unhandsome actions of the Spaniards
would not make use thereof, but sent it back to the Duke de
Medina Torres." 1| pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sir Henry Bennett, Secretary of
State.
1663, September 20. London — ^I received your Honour's
from Bath last Tuesday night at Cirencester, in my way to
Cornbury, which I made my way to London. My warranty
mentioned as enclosed, was left out. I pra y y ou to send it by
the next, and I will enquire for it at Mr. Williamson's. The
enclosures for my Lord Chancellor and Dr. Fell I have delivered,
the one into his Lordship's own hands, the other — ^in absence
of the Dean — ^to Dr. Allestree, at the Dean's lodgings. Seal of
arms. J p.
King of Spain to the Duke of Medina Celi, at St. Mary Port.
1663 [September 22-] October 2. Madrid — ^Authorizing him
to take into his service and pay the enjgineer, Martin JBecht-
man, who lately served in the fort of Tangier, and offers to
assist ^^ en la reputacion (Vesta plaga a mi corona,^' but desiring
him to commit himself to nothing further, until they hear from
Oaylan, and determine what is to be done in the matter. En-
dorsed as being a true copy, Spanish, f p.
Lionel Fanshaw to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1663, [September 25-] October 5. Lisbon — ^An old French
minister has arrived from London, who was formerly chaplain
to the Comte de Schomberg, and since that to the Earl of Teviot
at Dunkirk. Now he has come to tender his service to the Comte
de Schomberg again. ** On Tuesday last save one. Monsieur
Fremont desired my permission that the aforesaid minister
might the next day preach to himself and others in your Lord-
ship's house, and likewise preach and administer the sacrament
of the Lord's Supper there upon the Sunday following ; telling
me that the Conde de Castelmelhor said it woidd be most con-
venient for them to be there, where Protestant sermons used
to be; wherefore, presuming that if your Lordship had been
here they would not have had your denial, they had not mine."
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The Marques de Liche lately tried to eseai)e in woman's
clothes, but was discovered^ some say by those who had promised
to help him.
A Mr. Haddock from London has brought news of your arrival
there, but in so short a time that I could not credit it. The
Consul tells me that he hears from Whitehall that you will
certainly shortly return here. 2 ijjk
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Ciiaulbs II.
1663 [September?}— '*^ If my yesterday's papers — as I humbly
hope they did — ^have satisfied your Majesty that my above
twelfth instruction is a good license for my personal resort at
this time to your royal presence, I may almost presume that
these now will qualify it a command,'' as they import an earnest
request from the King of Portugal that your Majestjr will
appoint me to negotiate an accommodation between Spam and
Portugal in your name and by your mediation, that King
"throwing himself entirely upon your Majesty's counsels, after
that he hath prospered to so great a degree by your arms," and
courting you ** alone in his mended condition who courted him
in his desertion, his deserter at the same time courting him
passionately under the shape of assistance." If your Majesty
embraces this overture and accepts my services therein, I pray
that my payments may be as large and punctual as the weight
of the negotiations reqiiire, " since if I am not well paid I am
ruined, miereas if I am, I am not enriched, being obliged, for
your Majesty's honour and service, to live un to it. And to live
splendidly in a remote country, whilst I am representing my
master, can only serve me — ^widiout God's mercy — to endanger
me to a habit or expectation of spending beyond a slender estate
another day, creating in me a vanity just enough, but which will
no more feed me hereafter than I have done that hitherto;
my present fortune in the meantime lying fallow and neglected,
and my domestic relations perhaps either dying away or
foi^tting me, or at least the present comfort of them —
and above all, that of your Majesty's presence — denied
me." And finally I pray to be allowed to address summary
accounts of my transactions direct to your royal person, at the
same time that I shall constantly remit larger despatches to
jrour ministers. Draft. 4 jyp.
Prewritten, — Copy of the 12th article of Fanshaw's Instruc-
tions, giving him permission to repair to the King's presence
if weighty emergencies arise. \ p.
Enelosinff,
1. The King of Portugal to Charles II,
1663, August 15. Lisbon — Regretting that the state of
affairs in his kingdom does not permit him to send the rest
of his sister's portion, praising the talents and prudence of
Sir Richard Fanshaw, and praying that he m^y ie employed
to negotiate a peace with Spain, his Britannic Majesty being
the mediator therein. Spanish, Copy, IJ pp,
I 2
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2. The King of Portugal to Queen Catherine.
1663, AiLgust 15. Lisbon — To the same effect as the j>re--
ceding, praying her to intercede ^th her hv^hand that Fan-
. shaw may he sent ambassador to Spain to conduct the riegoti-
ationsy he having all necessary qualifications — zeal, prur
dence, fidelity, and an intimate knowledge of the affairs of
those kingdoms, Spanish. Copy. J p.
SiE Heney Bennett to Sni Richard Fanshaw.
1663, October 22. Kirkhouse — " My Lord Dongan was with
me this day, and is preparing to go to Spain through France,
and afterwards into Andalusia, and because I thought no man
could more properly than he bespeak you either a house
or other things fit for you, I put you in mind of it, that either
by himself or others, to whom he may speak in my name, many
things may be provided you before you come. In fine, 'tis an
occasion you may make very good use of." l_In Williamson^s
writing, signed hy Bennett.']
Margin. — Copy of FanshaVs letter of thanks in reply. 1 p.
The Ejng of Spain to Francisco Salmon, Accountant of the
Navy, &c.
1663 [October 26-]N'ovember 5. Madrid — Giving orders that
he is to allow the hundred and twenty-eight negro slaves on
board the English ship Charles — ^master, William Crawford — to
be brought into Cadiz and there sold ; the proceeds to be deposited
in the hands of the said Francisco Salmon, who is to take care
that no other contraband goods are brought in with them.
Spanish. Copy. 1\ pp.
Sir Eichard Fanshaw to Sir Henry Bennett.
1663, November 12 — ^** Finding you already in business within
the Council chamber, when I thought to have moved you this
morning touching a blank left by my Lord Treasurer for his
Majesty to fill up in the warrant prepared for my privy seal,"
I presume to represent to you that I understood that my enter-
tainment was to "look back'* thirty days, in imitation of Sir
Arthur Hopton's warrant. The extracts from the Signet OflSce
show several others which look further back, viz.: — Sir H.
Wotton, ambassador to the Emperor, in 1620 ; Sir John Digby, for
Spain, in 1622, and Sir Fras. Cottington in 1629 ; also Sir Thomas
Rowe, for Germany, in 1641 ; not to speak of Lord Holies the
other day. His Majesty, however, " appearing unsatisfied that
any such thing at all should be done at this time and in my
case, hastening also to others that attended" before I could
explain the matter to him, I beg you to represent my case to
him, which is that some of my family are yet in Lisbon, and
that, being nominated to another and larger embassy, I have
not only kept together my servants, but have added more, so
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that I humbly hope that by your mediation my warrant may
look back to the said time, which was the 12tJi of September
last. Draft. 2 pp.
Sib Eichard Fanshaw to Sie Henby Bennett.
1663, November 22 — Memorandum recommending his secre-
tary, Lionel Fanshaw, to be Secretary of the Embassy at Lisbon,
the said Lionel Fanshaw having been in this service two years
and a half, and proved himself trustworthy therein. With note
that according to '*the signet extracts of former times, lately
collected by my Lord Treasurer's command, Mr. Dickenson
there had in two several embassies 40^. per diem to each as
secretary of the embassy, even when there was table and house
of an ambassador present to ease his expense." Draft. 2 pj>.
Earl of Manchester to Edward, Earl of Sandwich, Master
of the Wardrobe.
1663, December 2 — Warrant for delivery of "one crimson
damask estate, with his Majesty's arms and badges embroidered
thereon, with a chair of estate " and other things, for the use
of Sir Richard Fanshaw, Lord Ambassador for nis Majesty to
the King of Spain. Copy. ^ p.
The Same to the Same.
1663, December 2 — ^Warrant to provide and deliver for the
use of Sir Richard Fanshaw, "one large Bible of Imperial
paper, with all the sculps, bound richly in two volumes, two
tJommon Prayer books in folio, six in quarto, twenty ells of fine
diaper for the Communion table, and ten ells of fine diaper for
towels for the Communion." Coj)y. ^ p.
The Same to Sm Gilbert Talbot, Master of the Jewel House.
1663, December 2 — ^Warrant for delivery to Sir Richard Fan-
shaw of four thousand four hundred and twenty ounces of silver
plate, for his service as ambassador. Copy. ^ p.
Master and Fellows of Jesus College, Cambridge, to Sm
Richard Fanshaw.
1663, December 10 — Reciting the evils which had afflicted
them in the late troublous times, when the detestable zeal of
furious men had invaded their chapel and banished the liturgy,
the same fate presently befalling the furniture of the Lord's
table, hangings, wind-organ, sacred books, pavement, windows
and all things which did not please the profane taste of their
new masters ; lamenting that when, to their great joy, orders
were given that the liturgy should be resumed, they found to
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their sorrow that their buildings were in no fit state to receive
80 pleasing a guest, and appealing to Sir Richard's generosity
to help them. Dated, * Quarto idibus Dec." Latin. Seal with
the College arms. 1 p.
Lord Tbeasuker Southampton to the Eakmeks of the Custom
House.
1663, December 28 — ^Requesting them to have 1,000/. ready
for Sir Richard Fanshaw, as soon as he shall have struck his
tally, that there may be no delay caused to his journey. Copy.
ip.
Prince Maurice.
' 1663 — " Relations concerning his Highness Prince Maurice/'
1662, 1663: —
" The information of Margaret Hazard of Gosport, near Ports-
mouth, who by her letter of the 4th of January, 1661, to her
husband, Captain Robert Hazard, then in London, and since by
another letter of the 8th of January, 1661, writ that one Thomas
Masters of Godshill in the Isle of Wight told her — ^Richard
Bushell and his wife being present — that he came from the
Uaraccas in the West Indies, where he saw Joshua Clarke — a
person that was in the same ship with his highness Prince
Maurice — and left him well there, which Joshua Clarke informed
him that their ship was wrecked, and that he with two more
were saved on an island in the West Indies, and how the
Spaniards coming thither to water took them prisoners and
carried them to the Caraccas, where an English surgeon, taking
good liking to this Clarke, preserved him.
This Thomas Masters was since brought to Mr. Coventry to
give him relation concerning this business, who told him that
he was twice with this Joshua Clarke after his escape in the
West Indies, and that he told him the ship which Prince Maurice
was in was wrecked on the Virgin's Islands, and that on a
piece of the wreck he with two others were saved, and after-
wards were taken by the Spaniards as above related, where he
is still a prisoner.*'
"The information of Robert Gildersleeve of Ipswich, who,
with four more, were taken prisoners in the West Indies by the
Spaniards and carried to Havanna in Cuba, where in the same
prison he found six Frenchmen prisoners, who had made an
escape from Porta Rica [Porto Hico], and afterwards were
retaken and brought thither. These Frenchmen told him
that when they were prisoners in Porta Rica they heard
one make moan in a room next to them, which occasioned
them to use means by a cleft or hole in the wall to
discover who it was, who speaking very good English and French,
and by his relation of being wrecked and cast upon an island
in the West Indies and brought thither prisoner by the
Spaniards, and other circumstances, they believed him to be some
person of quality."
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'' Captain Fearns relates that one Powell, a prisoner at Havanna,
taken at the same time with the aforesaid Bobert Gildersleeve
by the Spaniard, informed Mr. Benisfield, then Governor of St.
Christofers, in the presence of this Fearns, that those French-
men before mentioned by Gildersleeve told him that they spoke
to Prince Maurice, who was in a dungeon next wall to them
where they were imprisoned in Porta Rica, and that the Prince
desired them to make known his sad condition to his friends
by the first opportunity that some means might be used for
his release."
"' A relation of John Couper, Englishman bom, saith that in
the year 1666 and in the month of June was at the island
called Birque [Bieque], otherwise Crab Island, and was
there fishing for tortuga [turtle], and was there sur-
prised in our boat by a Spanish barque, and was carried
to the town of St. John the [de?] Porta Rica, and was
there examined very strictly if you know of any English
frigates about the coast, we declared all that we knew not of any
shipping upon the coast, but being examined what countrymen
we were it was found that I was an Englishman. There was
eight persons of us, and all Dutch but myself and a boy ; the
boy was examined and threatened, and out of fear told the
Governor that I knew what shipping was upon the coast, where-
upon I was taken and put upon the rack and threatened to be
racked if I would not confess the truth. I told them they might
do their pleasure, where upon better consideration took me off
the rack and put me into the dungeon, and when I was there
one quarter of an hour after they were gone there was one
spoke to me in the dungeon in Dutch and asked me what I was.
I told him I was an Englishman. I saw nobody, being dark,
but at last we come to one another and took me by the hand,
asked me whence I came. I told him in Dutch, then he declared
to me in English that he was cast away on this coast in a
hurricane and brought to the town, and when the Governor
examined me and I told him I was cast away in one of the
ships that belonged to Prince Rupert and five men more were
saved, he asked where they were. I told the Governor the people
in the country that took us carried them away, and that I had
not seen them since, the rest told the people that I was Com-
mander of the ship, so they took me away from the rest, yet
I desired them when I was saved that they would not tell wnat
I was, but there is no trust in man. I shall desire you to keep
in mind what I say, and if the Governor should examine you
not to confess anything, but when you get liberty pray if it be
your fortune to meet with any that has any Spaniards prisoners
to tell them my condition, for I am of English parentage, and
it may be I may be released. Presently after this relation came
people to take me out, so that I could not have any more
conference with him, but bid me remember what he said to me ;
he sighed, and so the guard of soldiers carried me away to the
Governor, and there examined again upon the former business,
and cleared me and the rest, and I was told the next day that the
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Governor was angry with, the Adjutant for carrying me into
the dungeon^ it seems that it was a mistake of the Adjutant.
This Malato [? mulatto] speaks good Dutch and English. We
kept at this Malato's house fourteen days, and then had liberty
to come away. I have related this to several people, but nobody
took any notice of it; this I declare as truth, being aboard the
Briar frigate of the King's, May the 28th, 1663, and at anchor
under St. Peter's Island and against Tortolea [Tortola], as
witness my hand."
Witnesses —
BicHABD Haddock. Signed by marh,
Tho. WnrTEHEAD. John Coupee.
" The relation of Captain Anthony Dee Pee of ^he city of
Nantes in Brittany saith that twelve months since he, being
master of the pink called the Turing o {sic), belonging
to the Governor of the Island of Turtugo [Tortuga],
saith that he took some prisoners on the south side
of Cuba, in the port called Porto Prince, and one of these
prisoners, being a white man, a Spaniard born, I examined
all the prisoners upon several things, but this Spaniard gave
me a particular relation of Prince Maurice, that it was the
general report at the city of the Havanna that Prince Maurice
was a prisoner at Porta Rica in the castle called the More.
In testimony to which has been related to me by this aforesaid
Spaniard, I have thereunto set my hand this 13th of June, 1663,
in the island of Turtugo."
Witnesses —
BiCHARD Haddock. Signed hy mark.
Thomas Row. Anthony Dee Pee.
Tho. WnriEHEAD.
" Captain William Pride and Thomas Row, being in the Gover-
nor's house of the Island of Tortuga, and hearing the Governor
examine some people concerning his highness Prince Maurice
there, being then there in company a Spaniard, which Spaniard
heard one give a relation to the Governor that Prince Maurice
was dead, the Spaniard shook his head and made answer that
Prince Maurice to his knowledge was living five years ago, and
a prisoner in the castle of Porta Rica, and the said Spaniard
belongeth to Porta Rica, and was taken prisoner. We whose
names are hereunder written were ear witnesses to what we do
declare." June 15th, 1663.
^ Witnesses —
Nicholas Gaknee. Wm. Pride.
Tho. Whitehead. Thomas Row.
" Extract out of Captain Henry Fern's journal, March 13th,
1662."
** Captnin Ferns, being becalmed under the Island Domanico,
[Dominica?], spoke with a Frenchman, who had been at
sea with his highness Prince Rupert under the command
of Captain Coavans in the Honest Seaman, came out of
Toulon in her, was in her when she was cast away
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on the north side of Hispaniola, and has been in the West
Indies ever since. Concerning Prince Maurice he told him
that he had heard several people say that his highness was
cast away on the Island of St. German's, and that he was a
prisoner at Porta Bica, that he knew the Frenchmen that were
prisoners at Porta Bica when his highness was there, and heard
them speak of his highness being prisoner, and that he believed
one of them was then in the I^nd of Tnrtugeo, that he was
at the taking of St, Ageo, a league on the north side of Hispaniola
three and a half years since, where there were two Irishmen.
One of them knew that he belonged to the Honest Seaman,
and in discourse of their former voyage told him that he won-
dered his highness Prince Rupert would not get his brother
Prince Maurice out of prison at Porta Bica, for there he was
kept close in the castle called the More. This Frenchman, whose
name was Conge, asked him how he knew it. The Irishman
told him that it was generally reported at St. Domingo by the
chiefest of the Spaniards that Prince Bupert's brother was
a prisoner at Porta Bica, and how Don Whan Morfoue
[Col. Murphy ?], an Irishman in great esteem with the
Spaniards, who wore the habit of St. Ageo and is
Captain of th^ fort of St. Jeronymo at St. Domingo,
told this Conge several times that if he could tell how to
convey a letter to Prince Bupert he would, to inform him
what condition his brother was in. Once the Irishman told this
Conge that Don Whan Morfue said that if he knew where to
find Prince Bupert he would send him with a letter, but about
that time Don Whan Morfue and the President of St. Domingo
had a falling out, so that the design was laid aside.
25 March, 1663. — Captain Ferns, being at St. Christophers, the
Governor there told him how several persons, French and Dutch,
reported that in the castle called the More at Porta Bica had
been a gentleman prisoner a long time, and the most of them
said that he was a German, and this he has been told by several
French gentlemen.
Abraham Abrahamson told the Governor of St. Christophers
and Captain Ferns that about eighteen months past he was at
Porta Kica, and then there was but one prisoner in the castle
called the More, and as he understood by a moletta [mvlatto ? see
ahavely one that kept a tavern where he lodged, and had lived at
Stashous with the Hollanders, that there was a gentleman in
prison in the More, how the soldiers told him he was a German
and had been long a prisoner before this man came to dwell
at Porta Bica.
April 12. — At Tortolea the Deputy-Governor told Captain
Ferns that there was a gentleman, a German, in prison at Porta
Bica in the castle called the More, and kept there a long time
close prisoner. He was at Porta Bica about ten months since.
April 30. — At the Virgins came to the harbour a French
sloop with ten men, who had been at Hispaniola; they were
bound for St. Christopher's. The master and most of the com-
pany assured Captain Ferns that a great English ship lay
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wrecked seven leagues to the eastwards of Porta Itica. Matte
Jacous^ one of them, told him that he was at Porta Bica three
years since a prisoner, there were then eight prisoners, thiee
French and three English ^sic], who had run away with a boat
from Barbadoes and put in at Porta Rica. The (iovernor sent
them aboard of a Spanish barque and of a great Dutch sloop, and
came to anchor by the wreck. When they returned to Porta
Rica he heard the Spaniards say it was a ship of Prince
Rupert's, that they had taken out of her forty guns besides other
things. The master told him that he«had heard the Spaniards
say it was a ship of Prince Rupert's fleet. This master had been
trading with the Spaniards on the south side of St. German's,
and heard the people of the village of Quama say that one of
Prince Rupert's ships was cast away on their coast of St. German.
May 19. — ^Being at St. Christopher's, Frederick. Gorer, master
of a sloop, who had been several times at Porta Rica, told him
that there he heard the people say that one of Prince Rupert's
ships was cast away on the coast, but the men were all drowned.
Captain Ferris replied that it was strange all should be drowned,
seeing the wreck lay above water two years. He answered perhaps
some might come ashore, but none were brought to town. The
Couckelers [cowkillersj were cruel and would Idll them, for
the King of Spain commands all to be slain that come upon
the coast. And asking of him if he had seen anything that was
saved of the wreck, he answered that he saw English guns and
several other things driven ashore in the bay.
June 14. — Captain Ferns went ashore to the Governor of
Tartugeo, who had with him a Spaniard, prisoner, an inhabitant
of Porta Rica twelve years ; has been five years from thence,
left his wife and two children there ; he said Prince Maurice
was cast away on the north side of St. German's, and six les^es
to windward of Porta Rica. When he came from Porta Kica
his highness was a prisoner in the castle, the More ; there were
none suffered to see or speak to him. This was talked privately
amongst the people. He heard of none brought to the town
besides. The Governor sent several boats to the wreck, and
brought away many things, ropes, a great anchor, a mast laid
by his house. He heard the people say those things were brought
from the Prince's ship." 4 pp.
Annexed,
1. ** A Spaniard of Porta Rica, who was taken at Port de la
Plata in the Island of Hispaniola in the year 1660, after having
been forced to show the road from the town of St. lago in the
said island, was accused of having massacred the illustrious
Prince Maurice. He denied it, but said that in 1652 a great
nobleman, having lost his vessel near Porta Rica, came on to
the island with his crew, who were all massacred, with the excep-
tion of the Lord, who was put in the prison of the Inquisition
by order of the Governor, he forbidding his being called Prince,
and not wishing him to be known.
2. La Brose, a filibuster, being prisoner on the island of
Porta Rica in the years 1656 and 1657, said that the common
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report was that there was a great Lord in prison^ who had lost
his ship, and that it was Prince Maurice.
3. . A French sailor, whose barque traded to Porta Pica,
pointing out a woman, whose husband was in the Inquisition
at Porta Pica, said that there was a much greater Lord than he
in that same prison." French. IJ pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Aechbishop Boyle of Dublin.
[1003 1"'] — '* Your Lordship's 15th of the last I received, in
which I read your Lordship's affection to me so very great as
that must needp be which blinds so clear a judgment as yours
in the choice of an office for me, not that I think it incongruous
or disproportionable either to step from the present employment
I have the honour to hold of Master of Bequests to Lord
Chancellor of Ireland, or to hold them both together, since
as to the first, in a time of so great regularity as that of Queen
Elizabeth, Sir CSiristopher Hatton was removed from Captain of
the Guard to Lord Chancellor of England, and as to the second
[left hlank] Lord Chancellor of Ireland, by her Majestjr's special
favour and dispensation made Master of Kequests here, which,
together with the warrant for it, appears upon regard [*«?].
Neither do I find in myself any doubt at all of my integrity, in
which opinion, wiliiout vanity, I can fully concur both with
[your] Lordship and the many in that kingdom, for whom your
Lordship does me the honour to undertake that they conceive it
of me. So that, if I had science equal to conscience, and then
eloquence proportionable to both, 1 should get the victory so
much over my natural and customary backwardness, as, upon
this hint from your Lordship, to stand candidate for the place.
But really, my Lord, I find the former and the [torri] of those
necessary requisites so very defective in me that, not to lose
wholly the benefit of this intimation, I must beg of your Lord-
ship to cast timely about how upon the vacancy some fitter person
may be removed [to] that office, who quitting a lesser, yet of
good importance too, and which may admit of more non-residence,
especially when his Majesty's service even in reference to the
advantages of Lreland may require it, I, by the favour of his
Majesty and of my Lord lieutenant, may be accommodated and
richly satisfied with his leaving.
In order hereunto I remit unto your Lordship herewith a
letter or warrant, which I had from his Majesty upon my depar-
ture for Portugal, to be sworn a councillor in Ireland, and at
the same time my Lord Lieutenant will remember how graciously
and seriously, in the Privy Garden at Hampton Court, his
Majesty did recommend me to his Grace, to build upon that
foundation such a structure as I am now speaking of, whether
in lands or office within the gift of the crown there." Draft.
II pp.
Thomas Marsden* to Sm Pjchabd Fanshaw.
1664, January [4-] 14. Lisbon — ^It has been no small ingredi-
* See Alumni Oxouienees, Early Series, p. 972.
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ent in the comfort of my life that heaven gave me the opportunity
of being employed as one of your servants, for nowhere could
I have met with " so fair a complication of wisdom and candour
as is eminently conspicuous in your Lordship, which perfections
do not stand in need of my trumpet when both our King and
Court proclaim them so loudly. ... I know likewise that
your readiness to do good is far greater than your desire to hear
yourself called a benefactor. I shall therefore be silent both as
to the one and the other, not doubting but your Lordship will
remember that the seat of gratitude is the heart, not the tongue,
and that the most genuine characters it can be writ in are mutes,
not vowels." In pursuance of your instructions I have given
what time I could spare from other studies to the Spanish tongue,
and if I fail in what you wish, " it is for want of parts, not industry,
and to prove such errors venial, I need but to quote that worn
maxim ultra posse non est esse. . . . Mr. Fanshaw's society
is sweet to me. I could wish my sullen temper was capable of
requiting him. The frequent remembrance of your Lordship,
my honourable lady, with my hopeful young ladies, cheers us
up exceedingly." This is a copy of one which I sent to London,
but which I believe never came to your hands. 1 p,
Charles II. to Philip IV., King of Spain.
1663-4, January 13 — Letter of credence for Sir Richard Fan-
shaw. Draft. 1 p.
Sir Heney Bennett to Don Juan of Austria.
[1664], January 19th — Expressing the esteem which he him-
self and the King, his master, have for his Highness, and recom-
mending Sir Bichard Fanshaw, now sent as Ambassador to
Madrid. French. Copy. 1 p.
Sir Henry Bennett to the Duke d'Aveiro.
[1664], January 19th — Announcing that Si* Richard Fan-
shaw is sent by the King, his master, to arrange terms of peace
between Spain and Portugal, and hoping that he may be well
received and assisted in his endeavours. French. Copy. 1 p.
Sister Maria de la Cruz to Sir Eiciiard Fanshaw.
1664, February [2-] 12 — ^As your Excellency's secretary has
received orders to set out for Castile, I profit by the opportunity
to send the enclosed (missing)^ knowing that it will run none
of the perils which have, for long, compelled me to silence,
and also to offer the assurance of my affection to yourself and
to the Ambassadress, whom I love with all my heart, not for-
getting my precious Marti!:aret — to whom I send this little
carriage — and your other daughters. I hope that when con-
venient I may have a reply to this paper, sent with all necessary
caution. I greatly long to see your Excellency here once again,
and pray God so to dispose affairs, as to give us all the happiness
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wUch we desire. Spanish. | p. Endorsed by L. Fanshaw : —
*' From the Lady Abbess at Alcantra, near Lisbon, Donna Maria
de Guzman, dated 12 F.ebruary, 1664, s.n."
CONDE DE CaSTELMELHOE tO Snt BiCHABD FaNSHAW.
1664, February [3-] 13. Salvaterra de Magos — I have now re-
ceived, all at the same time, five letters from your Excellency
written last year, for which I oflfer you my hearty thanks. The
news of the improvement in your Queen s health has given as
much pleasure in this Court as in England. You do me a favour
by touching on the business of the Marques de Liche and Dom
Annello de Gusman, as having spoken to the King, my master,
I can tell you what you may say to your King. Time will not
permit me to go fully into the matter, but I can assure you of
the pleasure it will give my master to accede to his brother's
wishes if he can. Taking this for granted, and believing that
my master will arrange the business if possible, your Excellency
will realize and represent to your King that this is the fruit
which Portugal derives from the battle in wliich she risked so
much, hoping to gain from it a space of breathing-time. It is
the holding of these gentlemen wnich encourages the people of
these kingdoms in carrying on the war, and in their hopes of
making peace. Portuguese. Signed. 2 pp. Endorsed by Fan-
shaw : — "Reo. March 13, stylo novo, by J. Price."
The Same to the Same.
1664 [February 23-] March 4. Lisbon — ^I thank you for your
letter written in London, with a postscript from Portsmouth,
and for the information concerning your instructions. I hope
you will meet with all success. As regards the liberation of
the Marques de Liche and Dom Annello de Gusman and the
mediation which his Britannic Majesty wishes to make on their
behalf, if it be not against the interests of the King, my master,
I have to say that the matter is already under consideration,
and I assure your Excellency that, if I succeed in it, the chief
cause will be my desire to please the King of Great Britain,
but I beg to repeat what I said in my letter of February 13th,
written in Salvaterra, that upon the fact of keeping these gentle-
men here the Portuguese found their great hopes for the success
of the war, thus holding such pledges as may lead to peace, from
the desire which the Spaniards must feel for their liberation.
I again pray your Excellency to be good enough to tell me
how we can communicate with safety, as I desire to tell you
the court news with all the sincerity which I can, and must
hope for from yourself. Portuguese. Signed. IJ pp.
Don Antonio de Sotjsa de Macedo to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1664 [February 24-]March 5. Lisbon — ^I have received your
letter, written in London on November 28, and another from
Portsmouth of the 31st of January, find was much pleased tg
hear good ne-^s of jrou and yours.
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The announcement that you are going as ambassador to Castile
consoles us a little for your loss here, as we believe that you
will be of great service to the common welfare, undeceiving
his Catholic Majesty by giving good testimony of our union,
strength and constancy. The successes of our arms have, thanks
be to God, been happily continued since you left us*. In the
business of the gentlemen concerning whose liberty you wrote,
we would do much to give pleasure to his Britannic Majesty
and to be serviceable to yourself, but you will understand that
many things have to be taken into consideration in the matter.
It will give me great pleasure if I can be the means of arranging
it to your satisfaction. Portufftiese. IJ pp.
Consul Thomas Maynard to Sm Bichabd Panshaw.
1664 [February 24-]March 5. Lisbon — ^It was very welcome
news to our ministers that your Excellency had passed by for
Spain, and the hopes of the whole nation are that you wiU
bring about a treaty with that Crown, " which hath been more
wished than hoped for, for many years tt^ether. All endeavours
are tried here to have a considerable army in the province of
Alentejo next campaign, and . . . the Conde de Castelmelhor
hopes to have two thousand English and French well mounted,
which they now be^in to be sensible that they will do them as
much service as twice that number of their own nation.'* Our
English have grown extremely thin through sickness but are in
good heart, having been lately indifferently well paid. " Monsieur
Schomberg was lately disgusted because his articles were not
kept, and had some thoughts of quitting the service, or at least
he made show of his going away, but now things are accommo-
dated." Our Brazil fleet has sailed, and two ships will shortly
be ready to depart for Goa. " The Conde Duque and Don Anello
de Ghimian have entreated me to beseech your Excellency to
intercede for them that they may have their liberty, but I seemed
strange in the business," and will go no further untQ I have
your commands. My wife sends her humble duty to your
Excellency, your lady and the young ladies. 1^ pp,
M. DE Fremont to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664 [February 24-] March 6. Lisbon — ^If your Excellency
had remembered that I understand a little Castilian, you might
easily have let me hear from you, but I thank you much for
honouring me with a word from your hand. I have already
congratulated you upon your embassy to Spain, and I prav Gbd
that we may have cause to meet upon the frontiers ana help
to bring about a good agreement. I know that it is vanity
on my part to imagine that I may be employed in so important
a matter, but your Excellency's glory will be so great that I
may well appropriate a little of it without robbing you. French.
Signed.
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GOMTB DE SCHONBERG tO Sm RlCHAED FaKSHAW.
1664 P^ebrnarv 24-]March 5. Lisbon — ^I thank you for
letting me hear trom you, and wish you a happy arrival and
all prosperity in your negotiations, knowing well that you will
do all in your power to give to this kingdom the peace which
I desire, although I am a soldier. I wish we could have met,
that I might have heard your news of the King and given you
mine concerning those in this country. I pray you to command
me in all things, and to believe that I have no greater desire
than to continue^in your jrood graces. French. 1 p. This and
the f,ve preceding letters all received together, hy J. Price,
Lionel Fanshaw to Sie Eichabd Fanshaw.
1664 [February 26-]March 7. Seville— On Sunday, February
10th, stilo novo, there arrived at Lisbon the frigate Advice,
commanded by Captain William Poole, who told me he believed
you were then at sea. The next day I received your letter,
commanding me to attend you in Spain, and so thought it best
to go in Captain Poole's frigate. I went two or three times
to the Secretary, Antonio de Sousa de Macedo, hoping to get a
letter from him to you, but coidd obtain nothing but empty
compliments. The King and the Conde de Casteunelhor were
both at Almeyrin, and I had not time to go to them. I also
wrote to the chaplain of the Lady Abbess at Alcantra, asking
him to tell her that I ehould wait on her the next afternoon,
which I did, and received letters from her for you and for her
father. On Thursdav, the 4th-14th, we set sail, I having then
received by Consul ifaynard a letter from the Marques de Liche
to the Duke de Medina Celi, and from Don Anello Gusman
to his father, the Duke of Medina de las Torres. fSn the Satur-^
day following we met the Antelope and the Hector, who by
Lord Teviot's orders were seeking some Algiers men-of-war.
Next morning I landed at Cadiz, and' went to Consul West-^
combe's house. In the afternoon the Governor honoured me
" with a visit, and many courteous expressions therein, which
I repaid the next day save one." On the 1st inst., this style,
I began my journey for Seville, and in my way delivered the
Marques de Liche's letter to the Duke de Medina Celi, who took
it very kindly, and offered me letters to the chief persons in
Seville, or any other assistance he could do me. I thanked him,
and told him I should not need to give him that trouble, havingr
your Lordship's pass, but that should I meet with any molestation
I would presume to beg his assistance. At St. Lucar the Governor
sent word that "he intended me a visit, which I endeavoured
to prevent by waiting on him ; but meeting him in the way
he caused his coach to stop while he came out to salute me."
On the 4th inst., this style, I came to Mr. Andrew Duncan's
in this city, where I have offers of the greatest kindness
imaginable from all the chief merchants. I have sent off the
let4;er to the Duke of Medina de las Torres. I am told of a set
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of good mulefs to be sold here, but bare not yet seen tbem.
March 8, stilo novo. This morning we have news of your Lord-
ship's arrival, for which God be praised. 4| pp.
News Lettee.
[1664], February 1 to March 16— Sent [by Williamson] to
Sir Richard Fanshaw.
" Monday, February 1st, the Earl of Bristol put his plea
into his Majesty's Court of Exchequer, grounded upon a certifi-
cate under the hand of the minister and some persons of credit
in Wimbleton, certifying that on Sunday fortnight he attended
the whole divine service at his parish church, and demeaned
himself in all things conformable to the Cturch of England.
January 31st his Majesty was at the Lord Chancellor's, hold-
ing conference about the disposing the estates of the late traitors
in Yorkshire, and ordered that they should be distributed
amongst such persons as had been most instrumental in the
discovery, and, that this should be a lasting precedent for the
better discovering of all treasons, for the future the discoverer
should have a recompense out of the estate of the convicted traitor.
Edinburgh, January 26th. — An order is sent down for an
High Commission Court in Scotland, wherein either of the Arch-
bishops is president. His Majesty's letter to the Council, con-
cerning the Archbishop's primacy and having the place in Scot-
land, was read and approved, so tnat now he hath the precedence
of the Chancellor in all places and entries.
There have lately been orders given out concerning some
prisoners in the Tower. Major Salway is discharged his imprison-
ment, Mr. [Col. Henry] Nevill hath obtained liberty to go beyond
sea, giving security not to return into England nor to remove to
any part besides what first he goes to without leave from his
Majesty. [Edward] Bagshaw, having some seditious papers
found about him, was put in the dungeon February 4th.
Monday, February 8th, in the evening the Duchess of York
gave a great entertainment with comedy and ball at St. James's
to their Majesties and all the ladies about town, as a respect
to Mrs. Blagge, one of her maids of honour, married last week
to Sir Thomas Yerbury, a person of very good quality and
fortune.
Bantam, September 18th. — ^The Dutch have sent twenty sail
of ships, pretending for Twyann,* though their design is upon
an island 'twixt Twyann and China. The Dutch have had
twenty-five sail arrived from Holland this year, have as many
on the coast of India and Zeilam [Ceylon], at least forty sail
more to the eastward, and thirty-two riding in Batavia Road.
They declare they will never deliver Poleron to the English, call
themselves masters of the South Sea coast from Malabar to Cape
Commaroon [Comorin], upon pain of loss of ships and lives of
all such as shall trade thither.
' Formosa— called To^m or TaioqBn |n old maps.
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Mr. Bagshaw, Saturday, February 6tli, was removed out of the
dungeon, but is still kept close prisoner in the Tower.
Friday, February 12. — ^A motion was made on the behalf
of the Eari of Bristol at the Exchequer bar. His plea was only
upon a bare averment — for it was not thought safe since his
Majesty's proclamation to appear [by] certificate — and the Court
ordered that he shoidd give security for payment of 220Z. — at
the rate of 201. per month — and so proceedings to be stopped,
unless the Attorney General shoidd show cause.
[Capt. Robert] Atkinson — ^the great engineer in the late
troubles in Yorkshire — ^was brought up by two justices of West-
moreland, and by insinuation of further discovery prevailed to
so much liberty as to make an escape.
At the Common Pleas an action was brought by the Marquess
of Dorchester against Probe, Esquire, upon a Scandalum
Magnatum, for saying my Lord is no more to be regarded than
that dog that lay by him, for which the jury gave his Lordship
1,000 marks.
Monday, February 15. — ^The Earl of Elgin's child was
christened, the Archbishop of Canterbury godfather; the
Duchesses of York and Somerset godmothers.
The same day Major Miller, sometimes deputy to [John] Baxter
in the Tower, was sent prisoner to Windsor Castle.
The Council, Wednesday, 17th, sent the minister of Wimble-
ton [Thos. Luckin] and three of the Earl of Bristol's servants
prisoners to the Gatehouse, for not obeying his Majesty's
proclamation in discovering him, and have given orders to send
for the churchwardens and constable of the parish to appear
before them.
A Frenchman, having been observed several times to have
returned this last summer to Hull and to have viewed too nearly
the works of the place, was by Colonel Gilby, the Deputy-
Governor, last week secured till he produce a good account of
his business. He is said to be the person that fortified the
French fortifications in Dunkirk, 1668.
Saturday, February 20th. — ^Twynne, the printer, had his trial
at the Old Bailey for printing a treasonable pamphlet, and re-
ceived his sentence to be drawn, hanged and quartered.
Sir Bichard Everard was before the Council for seizing several
Popish books and trinkets, but dismissed with thanks.
Monday, February 22nd. — [Simon] Dover, [Thos.] Brewster
and [Nathan] Brooks were arraigned for publishing seditious
libels. They were ordered to the pillory, and one fined 100, the
others 40 marks apiece, and then not to be set at liberty till his
Majesty's further pleasure be known concerning them.
The Greyhound and Concordy two very rich ships, which were
much feared, are both escaped rfie hands of the pirates, and
come up the river in safety, the former valued at the Custom
House at 150,000Z.
Edinburgh, February 17th. — ^This day his Majesty's letter
was read concerning the fines, and proclamation is to be made
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on Thursday next, ordering the first moiety of the fines to be
paid in at Martinmas next.
The Earl of Bristol's plea was accepted in the Exchequer,
it being found by several precedents in that Court that hand and
seal were sufficient evidence for conformity, though the Bishop
had not declared it, which as to that was the only point then
depending.
Wednesday, February 24th. — The Earl of Bristors servants
were upon their petition discharged by the Council from their
imprisonment. The constable and churchwardens, giving notice
of their attendance, were ordered to be released from the
messenger's custody without payment of fees, but the minister
of Wimbleton remains still prisoner in the Gatehouse.
Saturday, Februai^^ 27th. — Twynne, the printer's head, was
set upon Ludgate. Me said upon the ladder that he forgave all
men, that his judgment was just, and had he had such an
example he should never have been betrayed into that treason.
At the assizes at Southwark three were pressed to death for
refusing to plead, of the others only six condemned, and not
above two to suffer.
Monday, February 29th. — The Lord Chancellor went to take
the air, being the &tst day he had gone out for fourteen weeks.
On Tuesday, March 1st, he found himself in some distemper,
which yet is not such — since the taking away of some blood —
as is thought will confine him any long time to his chamber.
By letters November 20th from the Earl of Carlisle, his
Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary to the Emperor of Bussia,
dated at Vologda, we find his Excellency received with very
extraordinary honour, and such as the Emperor is not used to
give to any Prince's minister. The winter was so backward that
his Excellency was forced to expect at Vologda till the frosts
were harder ere he could reach Moscow, whence it is supposed
he returns this March.
Hidl, March 5th. — On Sunday last a party of horse of
Doncaster troop went to secure a runegado — son of a seques-
trator from York — ^upon the late plot. They found him at his
brother's house, four miles beyond Doncaster, who submitted
himself prisoner, but his brother, who — ^'tis like — ^by this means
feared a further discovery, ran out with a fork, tlirust the
horse into the breast, and had made further mischief if the
commander of the party had not given him a shot, of which he
is since dead.
By a vessel arrived from Guinea the Eoyal Company find
a very good account of the improvement of their trade ; that in
one very [sic] place, Cormantine, there will be a ready debit of
100,0007. for ready gold, but they evidently discover that the
Dutch will leave no stone unturned to discourage and ruin that
trade. The company had, when this vessel came off, three ships
of force to secure their trade there, and by this time five or six
more are there.
Edinburgh, 4th. — ^The High Commission Court is set in Scot-
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land ; have appointed several sub-committees, in each of whicli
a Bishop is to be of the quorum^ and to give an account to the
High Court the 14th of next month at Glasgow. The Lord
Lauderdale is Governor of Edinburgh Castle, in place of the
Earl of Middleton, hath possession delivered to one deputed for
him, and appointed a new Deputy-Governor.
The Lord HoUis had his audience Thursday 10th at St. Ger-
mains, with very great honour, being brought from Paris by the
Mareschal de Clerembault, and after usual compliments passed
to him that night, which was Wednesday, by persons of honour,
in the name of the King, the two Queens, Monsieur and Madame,
the next day he was conducted to audience by Comte
d'Armagnac, a Prince of the house of Lorraine, the Prince
d'Harcour, his father, being absent from Court. The Ejng
received his compliment with particular kindness, it being made
in English by his master's order, as the ambassador expressly
owned to the King, and interpreted by a gentleman of the Am-
bassador's.
Wednesday, 16th. — ^The Parliament met according to the
prorogation, where Mr. Secretary Morrice delivered a message
from his Majesty to this effect, viz.: — ^That his Majesty did
passionately desire to see his House of ParUament, and thought
the time long till he did meet them, but he did hear that there
were several members upon the road who would be here in a
few days, and that his Majesty had occasions which did at present
somewhat impede his coming to meet his Houses of Parliament,
upon which the House adjourned till Monday morning eight
o'clock.
The same day search was made by Serjeants-at-Arms, assisted
with some of the guards, at the several houses of the Earl of
Bristol, but they could not find him." 6} /?/?.
LOBD HOLLES to SiB RiCHABD FaNSHAW.
1664, March 26-April 5 — ^Describing his reception at the
French Court. Extract. [Printed in Original letters of Sir
Richard Fanshaw, p. 61, ed. 1702.]
Lord Chancellor Clarendon to the Duke of Medina de las
Torres.
1664, March 27. London — ^Assuring hiTn of the earnest desire
of the King, his master, for the alliance and friendship of Spain,
and recommending Sir Richard Fanshaw, now sent as am-
bassador to his Catholic Majesty, a man of the greatest fidelity
and singular prudence, experienced in affairs, well acquainted
with the Spanish Court, and a particular friend of his own.
Latin, Copy. 1| pp,
J2
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LoBD Chancellor Claeendon to the Ditke of Medina de las
Torres.
1664, Marcli 27. London — ^Recommending Sir Benjamin
Wright, who hopes by assistance of his Excellency to despatch
his important financial business at the Court of Madrid, and
stating that if he obtains the justice which he desires, it will
be very pleasing to the King of Great Britain, who has often
earnestly recommended the matter to his Catholic Majesty.
Latin. Copy, \\ pp.
Sir John Lawson to Sir Eichard Fanshaw.
1664, March 28. On board H.M.S. Resolution in Algiers
Bay — ^We have a war with Algiers. They are more perfidious
every day, and the most treacherous people in this part of the
worid. We have got eighteen English ships from them, " but
till it please God they feel some smart, no peace can be made
with them but what is worse than war." My humble service
to your lady and the young ladies and gentlemen. 1 p.
Earl of Teviot to Consul Westcombe, at Cadiz.
1664, April 15-25. Tangier — Thanking him for sending
letters and news books, which is a charity to those who see
nothing but Moors and the four elements ; describing a repulse
of the Moors; stating that, although they are short of lime,
they will either get it from Portugal or make it themselves,
as "a gallant man never wante8 arms," and expressing his
conviction that in two years, Tangier, unless given away or
sold, will be a very comfortable place and pleasant too. Cojty
in Westcornb^s writing, 1 p. [^Another copy, hy Lionel Fanshaw,
is amongst the Tangier s Correspondence, and is quoted hy Colonel
Davis in his History of the 2nd, Qiieen^s Royal Regiment, Vol,
1, p. 60.]
News Letter.
1664, April 21— Sent [by Williamson] to Sir Eichard Fan-
shaw.
The Bishop of Cariisle being removed to the Archbishopric
of York, Dr. Sainbow is appointed to succeed in Cariisle.
Monday, April 18 — The House of Commons gave leave for a
Bill to be brought in for appointing a register for sale of lands
in every county, read a Bill for the better making of brick
and tile and a Bill for preventing merchants cheating their
creditors, and committed the Bills for regulating the law for
settling lands gained from the sea, and for preventing fraudulent
conveyances.
The same morning the Jews at the Exchange offered four
for an hundred to insure no war to be with the Dutch in three
months,* and order is given at the office to that purpose.
• j^ee Pepys* Diary, under date.
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In the aiternoon her Majesty went to take a divertisement on
horseback, her habit thus, a scarlet coat, richly laced and trimmed
with sky-coloured ribbon, a falling band, and on that a carnel
[carcaneti'], with an hat heaped Isicj with sky-coloured ribbon,
which I tell not so much to discover the novelty of the fashion
as to assure you that all were generally taken with it, who, though
they ever admire her Majesty, yet did commend this dress as that
which did more particularly with better grace present her
perfections.
Tuesday, 19. — ^The House of Commons read a Bill for phy-
sicians, a Bill for making the river navigable from Bristol to
London, and a third for regulating elections of members to serve
in Parliament, and then adjourned into a grand committee for
hearth money.
The same day at the Committee appointed to consider of the
trade of the nations, it was resolved nemine catUradicerUe that
several and respective wrongs, dishonours and indignities done
to his Majesty by the subjects of the United Provinces by invad-
ing of his rights in India, Africa and elsewhere, • and the
damages, affronts and injuries done by them to our merchants
be reported to the House as the greatest obstructions of our
foreign trade, and that it is the opinion of this Committee that
the said respective dishonours, indignities and grievances be
humbly and speedilv presented to his Majesty, and that he be
most humbly movea to take some speedy and effectual course
for the redress thereof and all other of the like nature, &c., for
prevention of the like in the future.
Hague, April 15. — Since the news of his Majesty's order con-
cerning Zealand they have resolved to send a civil letter to his
Majesty, and the East India Company have sent in their list of
damages. A ship from the New Netherland says that the Eng-
lish have taKen possession by the South river and forced out the
Hollanders.
Complaints are made at Katisbon that the King of France
infringes upon the liberty and jurisdiction of Alsace, there being
ten towns that pretend to be free. However, upon their refusal
to take the oath of fidelity to him, it is discoursed the forces
designed for Germany will be ordered in their way imder Duke
Mazarin to besiege Colmaer.
Several reports run of an engagement betwixt the English
and Dutch upon the coasts of Guinea, some to our advantage
but the most to the Dutch, as if they had beaten our ships,
and by false insinuations to the inhabitants gained them on
their side, and took our fort. The truth of it is so \^sic'] much
feared by such as have had experience of their former treachery,
and know them still of that principle to use all base means
whatsoever to hinder us of a trade that is so eminently profitable
to the kingdom.
Wednesday, 20th. — The House of Commons read a Bill for
the physicians, ordered the Bill for hearth money to be engrossed,
and agreed to the amendments made by the Lords in the Bill
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tor preventing the disturbance of seamen and preserving his
Majesty's stores.
TJpon Mr. Clifford's report from the Committee of Trade, and
reading their order, the House agreed nemdne eontradicente
to the whole words in the order, mutatis mutandis^ with this
addition, that in prosecution thereof they will with their lives
and fortunes assist his Majesty against all impositions whatso-
ever. They further resolved to desire the concurrence of the
Lords, and a conference to be held with them concerning it.
Paris, 15th. — ^The French King hath given order for demolish-
ing the churches belonging to the Protestants in Languedoc,
built — ^as is pretended — contrary to the Edict of Nantes; and
that Mr. de Lionne's clerk, who gave copies to [sic] the papers
of State to foreign ministers, was hanged. 4 j>p,
Joseph Williamson to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1664, April 28 — "Though I am conscious how little worth
the postage this sheet is, yet at the distance, and in the agitation
of so weighty a matter — of a war with Holland — ^I hope it may
quit costs to inform your Excellency a little. In fine, the Dutch
really apprehend it, and I know not how far that may bring them
to do what will prevent it. In the meantime we expect to hear
what is done between us in Guinea, something material no
Question, and we hope the best. This day a smart Bill passed the
bmmons against Sectaries."
Postscript. — ^^ Comte de Konic;sberg is here yet, well feasted,
but what answer he will have I know not. Others are concerned
to put to their hands first." ^ p.
On the same sheet,
News LBXTEtt.
[1664], Friday, April 22— The Bill for confirming his
Majesty's Charter to the Physicians was committed with provisoes
on the behalf of the surgeons and apothecaries, as also the Bill
against unlawful meetings. The same day the report was made
to the House of Lords, concerning the damages by the Dutch,
viz. : — ^TJpon ships and goods belonging to the East India Com-
pany, 148,000^. ; for burning and spoiling their factories,
87,()()0Z. ; to the particular traders to the coasts of Africa,
^330,000Z.; to the Turkey Company, 110,500Z.; to the Portugal
merchants, 160,000/. ; and besides, four millions for Poleron.
The Lords, after some debate, agreed fully to the Commons, and
sent two judges on the message, desiring them that a message
might be sent to his Majesty to know what time he would be
pleased to appoint that both Houses might wait upon him to
acquaint him with their humble resolution in that case, but
just aa the judges came to the stairs of the House, the Commons
were adjourned till Tuesday, 26th, which when the Lords heard
they also adjourned till the same day.
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At the High Commission Court in Scotland, April 14th, one
Hamilton, near Glasgow, and Francis Oalway, two great remon-
strators, for non-conlorming and not attending the Church, both
denying to take the oath of supremacy, were adjudged to lose
the fourth of their estates, each of them being 100/. per annum,
and the collector appointed to Icty it Tallidafe, a minister,
and Semple, a scrivener, committed to tue Tolbooth ; the cause
this : Mr. James Wood, a minister of St. Andrew's, being then
upon his death bed the Archbishop visited him, and having
received good satisfaction from him as to the episcopal govern-
ment gave an account of it to others. Tallidafe and Carstairs,
hearing of it, never left the dying man till they forced from
him a contrary declaration, writ by Semple, and witnessed by
them two, giving out withal the Archbishop's relation as a
forgery. Carstairs, late minister at Glasgow, not appearing, is
to be criminally prosecuted.
The House of Commons, April 26th, ordered the Bill for /
securing English ships against pirates to be engrossed, passed j
the Bill for better collecting of hearth money, and agreed to the
vote of the Lords in attending his Majesty in a full body
concerning the Dutch, &c., when he shall please to appoint.
Edinburgh, April 18th. — The High Commission Court sat
again, and after admonition took bail of the scrivener and witness
to the forced declaration of Mr. Wood to appear upon summons,
and ordered the declaration to be burnt by the hand of the
common hangman of St Andrew's. Upon complaints of several
ministers that they, notwithstanding they were lately turned
out, did still baptize, preach, &c., it was ordered that any who
should presume so for the future should be immediately sent to
the Tolbooth at Edinburgh or Glasgow. Several others were
ordered to appear before mem the first Tuesday of June next,
till which time they adjoximed.
That likewise those of Argier have by message assured the
Earl of Teviot that although many seizures have been made of
English ships, yet the ships and goods are all preserved by the
Government, and shall be all restored and the men all set at
liberty, and what shall be found wanting shall be satisfied for
by those that made the seizure.
From Tangier by a fresh packet we have news that besides
the late advantages in repulsing Gaylan, those of Tituan have
sent to offer to enter into a free trade, &c., with the town of
Tangier, and in case Gaylan shall oppose it, then to shake ofE
his obedience and give themselves into the protection of Tangier.
Hague, April 22nd. — ^Vangoch, having received his commission,
is preparing for his embassy to England. Spain doth not yet
give leave to Holland to unload any goods there. Trump is
come home, but de Huyter not yet gone, by reason of the alarms
from England. The States of ZeaJand have ordered the libels
against the Duke of York to be publicly disowned by proclama-
tion,, and affixing them in all their towns, and the authors of
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the libels and those which posted them up to be tried at
Middleburgh.
Wednesday, April 27th. — ^The House of Commons read an
Act concerning the Customs, and referred it to a committee to
regidate the fees that the merchants may receive no injury. A
petition was read of Colonel Man and officers on behall of them-
selves and soldiers in Scotland under the command of Major-
General Morgan, which was referred to a committee. In the
afternoon both Houses, in a full body, attended his Majesty
in the banqueting-house with their vote concerning the Dutch,
to which his Majesty promised he would send answer in writing.
Thursday, April 28th. — The Commons read a Bill for making
navigable some rivers in Cornwall, an additional Bill concerning
Corporations, and pasvsed the Bill against conventicles, entitled,
"An Act to prevent and suppress seditious conventicles." In
this Act five above the family make a conventicle. 3 pp.
Viscount Dongan to Sir Bichabd Fanshaw.
1664, May [1-]11. Xeres de la Frontera — ^Welcoming him to
the Court of Spain, sending greetings to himself, his wife and
daughters, in which he is joined by nis wife, Donna Maria, and
begging to be of any possible service to him during his stay in the
country. Spanish. 2 pp.
Donna Maria Eufemia Dongan to Isabel [sic] Lady Fanshaw.
1664, May [1-]11. Xeres — To the same effect as the pre-
ceding. Spanish. 1^ pp.
Colonel Sir Tobias Bridge to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1664, May 8. Tangier * — ^Announcing the calamity that has
befallen the garrison in the loss of the Earl of Teviot, with other
officers and soldiers. Endorsed by Fanshaw as " enclosed in one
from Mr. Wilson, dated at Malaga 19th of the same. Both to me.
Received at Ballecas on the 15-25th May." [Printed in Original
letters of Sir Richard Fanshaw, p. 99, ed. 1702.]
English Prisoners in Seville to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664, May [14- ?]24. Prison in Seville—" The jojtEuI news of
your Honour's safe arrival at Madrid [sic] doth very much revive
our drooping spirits, hoping the time will not be long before we
enjoy our long expected freedom from miserable captivity." The
Council here have taken our examinations and sent them
to Madrid. They threaten us very hard, especially our com-
mander, who was pressed into the service by Captain Minnes,
and has never acted beyond his commission. J p.
• The officers at Tangier date old style. Lord Teviot was killed 3-13 May.
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SiE BicHARD Fanshaw to the Duke of Medina de las Torres.
1664, May [14-]24. Ballecas — ^Hearing that your Highness had
cause for anxiety the other night, I send the bearer of this —
Mr. Lionel Fanshaw, my secretary, — to enquire after your
health, and also to place in your hands — ^more quickly than I
could do myself — a letter which I have received for your High-
ness from the Lord Chancellor of England. Spanish, Draft, \'p.
[The answer to this is amongst the published letters^ p. 86.]
Viscount Dongan to Sir Kichard Fanshaw.
1664, May [18-]28. Xeres — ^Recommending the bearer, Don
Juan Lopes de Espinola. Signed. 1 p, [lief erred to in the
published letter of June 1st, p, 102.]
Colonel Tobias Bridge to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664, May 20. Tangier — Mine of the 8th acquainted your
Excellency with the sad disaster which had befallen this
garrison, but understanding from Cadiz that the report of our
loss makes it much greater than it is, I send you a true account
of it Besides our noble Governor and nineteen commission
officers we lost sixteen gentlemen and reformadoes and three
hundred and ninety-six private soldiers ; but the garrison being
still pretty considerable 1 do not doubt but that we shall be able
to give his Majesty a good account of its safety. Our lines and
fortifications are so far from being rased — as the report goes
in Spain — that we are still in possession of all we ever had
and are actively proceeding with them. 1 p.
Consul Matnard to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664 [May 23.]June 2. Lisbon— The King of Portugal's
ministers are still averse to compliance with the articles of
peace, and I am remitting the particulars to my Lord Chancellor,
hoping that the King will constrain them to a more punctual
observance of the treaty. As regards the islands of the Azores
and Madeira, the Conde de Castelmelhor and the Secretary of
State tell me that you have promised to say no more about them
until our King replies to their request to have that article
mitigated. Meanwhile the merchants there '' continue under an
intolerable burden, and are like to continue so without your
Excellency's favour to mind my Lord Chancellor to signify the
King's pleasure touching that article to this Court." Our armies
have been ready to meet the Spaniard at least twenty days, but
now we hear that the enemy will not invade us this year, so this
campaign is likely to be only offensive. The King of Portugal
has twenty thousand foot and six thousand horse in Alenteixo,
which cost a vast sum to bring together, and they certainly will
not disperse without some action against the enemy's garrisons.
/Three hundred and thirty English soldiers have arrived here,
fcind four hundred more are expected, the King of Portugal's
minister in London and Lieut.-Colonel Belasyse having promised
that they shall be better paid than formerly. But I see no
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improyement in this respect, they being already six months
in arrears *' and like to be more, insomucii I have some appre-
hensions there will be a great disorder amongst them." /About
a thousand French have arrived, conducted by the Count de
Marea, and with them came Mons. Carleton, alias Colbert, but
he is to return to France immediately. / Our trade is extremely
obstructed by the piracies of the (ialicia men-of-war, and we
much hope that your Excellency will do all in your power to
put a stop to their nroceedings./ I desire my duty to my lady
and the young ladies. Sir Thomas da Crux left the world about
three months since. 2 pp.
Viscount Dongan to Sia Richabd Fanshaw.
1664 [May 26-]June 5. Xeres — ^Recommending the bearer,
Captain John Frederisco Velosques, a German, who is anxious
to obtain a licence from the Spanish Court to go to his own
country. 2 pp.
T. Gk)DDARD to Sib Andrew [King].
1664 [May «31-]June 10th — The Duke asked me whether his
Excellency was come to town and whether he was contented
with the house, as also when he had resolved to have audience
of the King, to which I answered that I knew nothing of his
intentions. I next went to Don Domingo, who will come to see
his Excellency to-morrow evening.
** This afternoon I did particularly note the manner of the
curtains that I might the better answer my lady another time,
and also informed myself of Don Domingo. The curtains for
the doors must be either of taffeta or damask; those for the
windows must be of an indifferent good linen, and in this
manner is the palace fitted, having linen curtains within and
without for the windows and silk for the doors. If it be not
too much trouble, you may please to acquaint my lady with
this." [Margin, in Fcmshaw's hand: — ** Manner of summer
furnishing in the palace, &c., of Madrid."]
Endorsed by Frmshuw : — "The Duque de Medina de las
Torres having upon the lOth of June, 1664, sent for Mr. Goddard
to come and speak with him, this letter of the same contains his
Excellency's queries to the said Mr. Goddard, so far as they
related to me. — ^Ric. F. My coming into Madrid was the 8th of
the same."
Sm John Lawson to Snt Richard Fanshavv.
1664, June 1st. H.M.S. Resolution, Alicante Road — Having
heard he sad news from Tangier, by a letter from Sir Tobias
Bridge, I dm going thither at once with the whole squadron.
There is a rumour of a war with the Dutch, but Mr. Coventry
writes me " all is fair yet, but doubtful. . . . Those of Algiers
are yet stubborn, but if we be not otherwise diverted I hope ere
six months eoes about they will seek peace." My humble service
to your right honourable lady and the young ladic-s. Signed.
Ip.
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Ceremonies of the Spanish Coitet.
1664, June [5-] 15 — ^Memorandum by Sir Richard Fanshaw
that on this day Don Pedro de Roco, Master ol the Ceremonies,
was with liim, the substance of whose discourse was as follows,
viz. : — That the ambassadors of the first class nowhere treat
the public ministers de senoria illustrissima.
That the upper hand or chair they will not give them in their
own houses, but would unto such as have the character of am-
bassador for their own masters, though not reputing them
ambassadors so called.
" That my audience being on Wednesday, and Thursday a
day of some other solemnity in the palace, likewise their
Majesties on Friday to remove to the Biten Retiro, those three
days once past he conceived my wife mi^ht obtain leave to
kiss her Majesty's hand upon short notice whensoever she
requested it."
In passing towards the door he asked me whether I had noti-
fied the day of my audience to the ambassadors here, " in order
to their sending their families to make part of my accompafLa-
merUe.^' I answered that if I had fully expected this function
from them — as for anything yet passed I do if it has been the
custom, the supposition to the contrary being only this Master
of the Ceremonies* advice — ^I yet should not have advertised
them my exact day, for I did " hold it not decent to ask in direct
terms a customary courtesy as a positive due." Copy. 1\ pp.
IThis interview is alluded to by Sir Richard in his account
of his reception. See Spanish Correspondence, June 8-18,
1664.]
William Blunden to Sm Richaed Fanshaw.
1664, June 6-16. Alicante — Stating that Sir John Lawson
left that road on the 12th instant with his fleets and the next
day met Admiral de Ruyter, " who struck his flag and saluted
Sir John with all demonstrations of friendship, and was answered
with the like in point of salute, but not in the flag." 1^ pp.
Consul Samuel Travers to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1664, June [10-PJ20. Pontevedra — Complaining of the
depredations of rovers and pirates of Spain upon English ships
bound or pretended to be bound for Portugal, and also of the
unjust proceedings of the judges and cursitos with regard to the
same. 5 pp.
Sm Henry Bennett to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1664, Jime 13 — Six pages of cipher, undeciphered, headed :
" This is a duplicate of that part of Mr. Secretary's letters in
cipher to your Excellency of April 8th, May 12th and June
2nd, now put into Mr. Coventry's cipher, and in case your
Excellency finds your last cipher erroneous or too difficult and
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that the old one you had in Portugal will decipher die enclosed
note, your Excellency may be pleased to make use of the said
cipher until an occasion offers of sending you a better."
[The cipher does not agree with the only key to W.
Coventrifs ciphers in the collection at the Pvblic Record Officey
although it is constructed something on the same plan.
When worked out, the extracts here proved to be all contained
in the letters of the above three dates in the printed collection.']
Colonel Eogee Alsopp to Sia Richard Fanshaw.
1664, June 13. Tanger — I should have sent you an account
of the occurrences here had there not been a kind of prohibition,
**lest, by scribbling, things might be falsely represented." I
understand that you wish to know what officers of fidelity
yet remain here. " To that I have only this to say, that the
officers now remaining are very obedient to command and
observant to their duty. Of old officers there is Col. Sir Tobias
Bridge, Major Fairbome, Captain Mordent, Lieut-Colonel
Molloy, Captain Danell, Captain Carr, and about twelve lieu-
tenants and ensigns. The officers slain in the conflict was his
Excellency the Earl of Teviot, Major Ejiighiley, Major Fitz-
gerald, Captain Langton, Captain Hudyard, Captain Brookes,
Captain Boulger, with five lieutenants, seven ensigns, and six-
teen gentlemen and reformadoes, yet notwithstanding our great
loss, through the incomparable prudence and conduct of his
Excellency, as the Moors themselves confess since, we lost our
lives at a very dear rate to Guyland's army, for we killed above
two for one, which I believe hath caused the enemy ever since
to be very cautious of his attempts. Upon the occasion of our
going thither I do not so well understand as to give your Ex-
cellency a particular account of it, but my Lord of Teviot, being
a person of so active a spirit and having nothing to do in the
fortifications for want of lime, he had, as I understand, long
before designed to cut down or bum the brushwood on the other
side of the Jues [Jew's] river, that he thereby might the more
clearly see the parties coming down from the hill to the
ambuscades. But I am afraid the business was not well timed,
for on that day two years before (iuyland obtained so great a
victory over this garrison by cutting off near four hundred men
of the best eoldiers and officers that was then in the place,
and it is said that Guyland observes the day wherein he doth
anything remarkable. My Lord of Teviot also observed the day
of month wherein Guyland obtained that victory, and to that
end drew out a party of near five hundred soldiers, with the
best officers in the two regiments. I should myself have added
my poor life, that signifies little, but that I was then sick in
my bed, and had been so for above three weeks before, yet
notwithstanding, when the alarum bell rang, I made a shift to
get out, and crept up to the Fort Eoyal, which I found ex-
ceedingly badly manned, but some soldiers upon the alarum
being got together, and there not being anyone to ccmimand
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tliem, I took upon me to command that place, not knowing how
tile business might go with my Lord and the party abroad.
Things, as you may oelieve, were then very much distracted,
but I made it my business with all expedition to settle and com-
pose all things, so that in a trice we began to think of the worst,
and consider of the best way how we might defend our spacious
lines and rugged fortifications, which were then very far from
being defensive, and to that end, I being myself altogether
unable by reason of sickness to take upon me the government
of this place, Sir Tobias Bridge, Sir Bernard de Gunne [Qomme],
the King's engineer general, who was then here, and myself con-
sidered of a way how this place might be absolved and kept
for his Majesty's interest and service, and immediately convened
the commissioned officers then remaining to make choice of one
to command us in chief. My own ability caused me to decline
the command of the place, though of due it fell to me. Colonel
Bridge being well and an active man I made it my desire
to him before the whole council of war that he would for the
preservation of this place accept of the government until his
Majesty's pleasure should be further known, to which the officers
then assembled gave their consent by reason of my sickness, and
truly we have no reason to repent our election, for Sir Tobias
hath been ever since exceedingly active and stirring, and leaves
no stone unturned whereby he may advance or preserve his
Majesty's interest." We have raised a fort with lime and stone,
which Lord Teviot before his death had named Fort Ann, and
have also made a very pretty earth fort. Another small stone
redoubt will be finished to-morrow, and Fort Royal has been
put into such a condition that I believe we may defy Guyland
and all his Moors. **In truth we are as poor as may be, for
excepting the provisions in the King's stores we have scarce
an officer in the garrison that is able to buy himself a good
dinner, but courage and fidelity is ever most known and set
forth in the greatest want." Ail hands are at work, and the
horse of the garrison, contrary to anjrthing I have seen else-
where, " after they have made their discoveries,'* willingly bring
us lime for our work. " Notwithstanding our great watching,
working and poverty we are knit together, so as I may be bold
to say it must be a more knowing enemy than Guyland, through
the providence of God, can break us." I am glad that war
with Holland has not yet broken out, and hope it may be
delayed until we are more prepared for it, although "those
peoples are so insolent if they have the least power that I could
heartily wish that his Majesty of England might be the rod
to humble them." Copy, 4 pp.
Endorsed: — "Copy of a letter from Col. Roger Allsopp
. . sent to Mr. Sec. Bennett 9 July." The letter is not now in
either the Tangiers or the Spanish CorrespoTidence, although in his
despatch of that date Fanshaw icrites to Bennett : " The enclosed
from Tangier I take to he both a very true and a very judicious
relation of the state of that place,'' See Foreign Correspondence,
(Spain, July 9, 1664.
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English Prisoners in Seville to Lord Ambassador Richard
Fanshaw, Madrid.
1664, June [13-]23 — Stating that they had hoped long ago to
hear the joyful news of their enlargement from the miserable
captivity which has now lasted twelve months, and praying his
Excellency to pardon their importunity, they fearing that the
weightiness of his affairs may cause him to be oblivious of them,
although they have little reason to suspect it, having so lately
received a signal token of his tender affection and care towards
his countrymen in distress. \ p.
Colonel Tobias Bridge to Richard Lord Fanshaw.
1664, June 14. Tanger — ^Notwithstanding our great loss
we still daily face the Moors, and have not lost an inch of
ground nor a single man since the Earl's death. I am every
day expecting Sir John Lawson and his fleet. " If Gbd in his
providence have designed honour and advantage to our King
and nation by this place, it is now left to his care *-o maintain
it by very weak instruments indeed" until his Majesty shall
provide better ones. " The Countess of Teviot arrived here the
3rd instant full of hopes and joy, but now most disconsolate."
Colonel Alsoppe is in good health, and will write to you himself.
Postscript,— June 20. For want of conveyance this letter
has not been sent. Sir John Lawson and his fleet came into
the road last night, and has honoured us with his company a
great part of this day, whose counsel we readily hearken to and
comply with. I have secured Mr. James Wilson, a merchant
in this place, he being charged by Captain Poole, commander
of one of his Majesty's ships, with reviling the late Earl of
Teviot, and being " otherwise very factious and seditious." 1^
pp. Seal vnth crest.
Endorsed: — "Received at Madrid 8-18 July." \_Compare
Bridgets letter to Col. Fitzgerald, in Foreign Correspondence,
Spain, Jidy 21-31.]
Sir John Lawson to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664, June 14. H.M.S. Resolution in Malaga Koad — ^Request-
ing him to obtain the King of Spain's orders that the ships
of his Britannic Majesty may have the freedom of the ports
for careening, and especially aesiring an order to the Governor
of Gibraltar, that being a more convenient place than Cadiz.
1 p.
Endorsed:— ''UeceiYed at Madrid 3-13 July."
English Prisoners in Seville to Lady Fanshaw.
1664 [June 28-]July 8. Prison in Seville — ^Her favour to
them being fresh in their memory, they beg her to remember
her promise and use her influence for their release. J p.
Endorsed as received in Madrid Jtdy 8-18.
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Lionel Fanshaw to [the Secretary of State?].
1664, July [5-]15 — ^My master the Ambassador, having seen
this memorial isee beloui], said it was a great distress to him that
any servant should be dissatisfied in his house, and that he should
be much annoyed if, on the one hand, his major domo did not
punctually pay the petitioners what was agreed upon, but that,
on the other hand, ne considered four reales a day, besides two
6uits of livery a year, suflScient remuneration for them. He
therefore ordered his major domo — on completing the payments
for the current week — to dismiss the petitioners, and begs that
your Excellency's chamberlain will procure him others in their
?lace not exceeding the same number. Spanish, Draft hy
^anshaw. 1 p.
Overleaf f
Petition of the Four Spanish Pages to Sir Eichard Fanshaw.
[No date] — Stating that the four reales a day allowed them
merely cover their daily board, and that they are not able
to provide themselves with other things — such as white stuffs,
gloves, ruffles, stockings, &c. — ^which they need to appear with
the splendour and neatness requisite in tne servants of so great
a Prince, and praying for an increase of wages. Sp mish.
Copy. I p.
Sir Tobias Bridge to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664, Jidy 9. Tanger — Stating that he has received a letter
pretending to come from the Saint Abdala of Sally, and that
as it came unsealed and seemed to have been broken open, he
has detained the Moor who brought it ; also that there are
skirmishes with the Moors almost every morning, but that only
one man of the garrison has been wounded. 1 p.
With note on the cover by Consid Westcombe diat this letter
came to his hands at Cadiz on Wednesday [13-]23 July.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sir John Lawson.
1664, July 12-22. Madrid — "Ever since I parted from you
I have had my eye, and at this time have — ^more or less —
my hand upon every particular you hinted to me " concerning
our fleet, the garrison of Tangier and the West Indies, "of
all and every of which, if you expect a speedy account, you
know not Spain, and if you suspect I will give you none at all —
because hitherto I have not — ^you know not me." As to the
accommodation of the fleet, I hope despatches, if not sent
already, will go by this post, and that 'the good disposition
which the Duke of Medina Celi hath ever exprest in words
will render further orders — otherwise than from himself — ^in
those points unnecessary. By the last from England his Majesty
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and all tlie Eoyal Family — God be praised — ^were in perfect
health. Whether war or peace with Holland, for aught appears
to me, as then uncertain, so as no reason for any abroad to
build upon either." Young Sir Edward Turner has had a
dangerous fever, but is now perfectly recovered. He and I and
all mine send our service to you. Copy. \\ pp.
Sir John Lawson to Sir Eichard Fanshaw.
1664, Jidy 24. H.M.S. Resolution, in the Bay of Cadiz— I
have received a letter of yours from the Consul at Cadiz, by
which I rejoice to understand that your Excellency and your
noble family are in good health, and that Sir Edward Turner
is so well recovered from his fever. I hear only dubious reports
of the rumoured war with the Dutch. Tanger is now in a
good condition, Colonel Fitzjerrald, Deputy-Governor, having
arrived, and most of the recruits. Common bruit gives rae
to understand that the Spaniards are not the quickest people
in the world, but methinks that the Council might by this time
have sent orders to two or three of the ports to allow the King
of Great Britain's ships to have the free use of them. " I have
only desired liberty for Port Mayon and Gibralter*s new Mole.
For the former, though we had fair promises, yet we were little
better used than on the Barbarian coast, for we could obtain no
pratique at Mayorke, Alicant, nor none of those ports," although
the Dutch fleet was allowed it. "The Duke of Medina Celi
hath given many fair words, but few good deeds," and I believe
he was never a greater enemy to Tanger than now. If pp.
Endorsed: — "Received at Madrid 5-15 August."
Consul Thomas Matnard to Sir Eichard Fanshaw.
1664 [July 29-]August 8. Lisboa — ^" I have, in obedience to
your Excellency's command, advertised you of all passages in
this place. This year hath been hugely propitious to this Crown,
which I wish may not make our ministers forget that the fortune
of war is changeable. Our countrymen have added to the repu-
tation they got last year in the field, which cost them dear at
Valensa, where they had foul play, for the two English regiments
of foot had order to storm at a breach which was made in the
wall, and the tcrzo [regiment] da Armada were to fall on upon
the right hand of the English and a French regiment, and a
regiment of Portuguese upon the left hand, and in another part
of the town the regiment of Casquais was to storm. So about
nine o'clock at night, the 9-19 June, the sign was given, and
the English, according to their orders, ran directly to the breach,
but not a man besides them stirred out of their quarters but
one Portuguese captain, who was so gallant to say, it is a shame
to see the English fight and we to stand looking on, but before
he could get to the breach he was slain with a musket shot.
The English fought it out above half an hour, to the admiration
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of $31 tkose tkat stood and looked on, in which short time
irere ilain lientenant-Colonel Hunt, Major Wetmore, Captain
Travers, Captain William More, Captain Noland, Captain Fita-
patrick, two lieutenants, three ensigns, nine Serjeants, and one
ttindred and fifty-eight common soldiers ; and wounded Captain
Stansby, Captain Hill, Captain Turner, Captain Koch, Captain
Xiandy, Captain Baxter, Captain Maynard, my brother, and many
others ; very few came off without wounds, besides two hundred
common soldiers. Colonel Person, who got abundance of
lionour by his gallantry that day, received two shots in Jus body,
but having gcod arms they did him little harm, an^ notwith-
standing all this good service and expense of their blood the
Court endeavour to bring them to new conditions; first, by
delaying to pay their arrears according to promise, being
indebted to the soldiers almost eight months' pay; secondly,
to abate above a fifdi part of their pay for the time to come ;
thirdly, that henceforward they shall not receive their com-
missions from my Lord Schonberg — ^which doth a little
entrench upon his authority and gives him no small disgust —
but from the King of Portugal ; and fourthly, that they shall
at all times receive orders from the Oeneral of the horse, Camp-
master Oeneral, General of the Artillery, &c., which doth hugely
disgust the whole party, who have by their commissioners, —
Colonel Person and Major Romsey for Colonel Person's regi-
ment, Major Trelawny and Captain Russell for the regiment
of horse, Captain Hill and Captain Maynard for the General's
regiment of foot, — given the King their answer that rather than
they will abate anything of their pay or alter the conditions
made with the Cond4 de Castelmelhor the 10th of January last,
they will all lay down their commissions, except our Sovereign
Lord the King order them the contrary. So they have given
my Lord Chancellor and Sir Henry Bennet a full account of all,
desiring they may receive what is their due from this Crown,
and then they will serve them to the last drop of their blood ;
if not, that his Majesty will be pleased to order them to be
transported from this place to any part of the world, where
they will do all the service that can be expected from soldiers ;
however, submitting to the King's gracious pleasure, that if
his Majesty sees it needful to continue them here, though under
liever so hard conditions, they have unanimously resolved to
undergo all the hardships in the world rather than to disobey
so gracious a master, and serve this Crown with the last drop
of Aeir blood." If pp.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Sir John Lawson.
1664, August 6-16. Madrid— I received yours of the 24th
July from Cadiz on the 6-15 instant, and answer it by way of
Alicante, as you advise. " You do with much reason wonder it
should be so tedious a task to obtain from the Spanish Council
order to two or three of their ports, the King our master's ships
may have the free use of them; and the rather sinoe the
9^ K
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Hollands fleet, with less reason in respect of fear of inlectLon»
had from the same Governors who refused pratique to you,
not only pratique, but the highest and most joyful entertain-
ment almost that you have heard of, De Buyter with a score
of Dutch grandees being admited on shore, and feasted with
a collation and comedy in the King's Palace at Valencia by
the Viceroy, who the next day, in person, with a number of
the principal of that kingdom, were highly feasted on board De
Ruyter, receiving upon [arrival] three hundred guns, with as
many protestations as [sic] true love and friendSiip to Spain.
You must now have a very great deal of charity for me if you
can persuade vourself that I have used those which I ought
to this Court m behalf of his Majesty's ships, seeing no effect
thereof in all this time, and yet much more charitable to the
Spanish Court and nation, if, being of that persuasion, you can
induce yourself further to believe uiat they are not very partial
to the Dutch." I am sure I thought so until two or three days
ago, when " letters from Malaga advertised us that De Ruyter
coming thither, where they have lodged a magazine and there-
fore one would think should look upon themselves as at home,
was flatly denied pratique." I believe you were better used
there, and think * chance and variety of humour in variety of
Governors, and fits sometimes in one and the same Governors,
sway these things in these parts of the world." Mr. Blunden
believes that the Holland resident at this Court procured De Ruy-
ter's admission to Valencia, but I read the very letter of the Vice-
roy, the Marques de St. Roman, in which he gives particulars
of the entertainment on both sides, " and adds — ^without mention-
ing any command for it from Madrid — ^that he admitted De
Ruyter, though he came from the Barbary coast, because he,
the said Vice-king, was satisfied he had no communication with
Algiere." In conclusion I assure you I have done my utmost
in urging your wishes, and have sent copies of your letters to
Secretary Bennet, by which both the King and the Duke of York
will understand your condition. Copy. 2\ pp.
Colonel John Fitzgerald to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664, August 9. Tanger — ^Reporting the good condition of
the garrison, but complaining that the Duke of Medina [Celi]
has revived an old proclamation to forbid all commerce widi the
ports of Africa. 1 p.
With note on the cover by Consul Westcombe that it was
received at Cadiz on the ri2-]22 August. [-4 translation of the
Duke^s proclamation, in Westcornbe^s tvriting, is in the Tangiers
Correspondence, dated Jvly 16.]
The Same to the Same.
1664, August 16. Tanger — ^I thank you for your good advice
and beg you to continue it to me in the future. Col. Reymes
left yesterday, and will write to you from Cadiz concerning
the condition of this place. I do not think the new town now
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a building will do us any harm in time of war, and the markets
there wiU be an advantage in time of peace. '^As for the
Spaniards, idthough I have several intelligences come to my
hand, I cannot beueve they would show any ways [ P] to these
people, lest by the same means they might lose all their interest
in Africa, yet I trust neither Moor nor Spaniard, their interest
being so much concerned in this place, and being at this distance
from England." I rejoice much at the news you send me that
the Duchess of Orleans has a son. If you will send your letters
to me to our Consid at Cadiz he will forward them by a barque
which I have established as a packet-boat to go once a week
between this place and Cadiz. 1 p.
Snt BicHABD Faitshaw to Sm John Lawson.
1664, August 20-30. Madrid — ^Last Tuesday night an express
passed through this town from Holland, who was heard to say
that the English had taken six Holland ship in the Channel,
that war was declared, and that he was posting to the Spanish
ports to give notice thereof to the Dutch consuls. 'This,
whether true or false — ^I mean the matter of fact, for that he
said it is true enough," I conceive you ought to know, and
thought of sending an express myself to Alicante, but as my
last was robbed and wounded at his first setting out " I look
upon this of the ordinary as a safer way, and not much a
slower." If there be any truth in the report " I apprehend it
must look forward ; that is to say that the Hollanders, having
by fair promises of satisfaction gained time for their preparations,
and gotten home their adventures from the Indies and else-
where, intend to surprize us with a breach on their part, rather
than to expect till we break with them. This I Fold improbable
enough, too, yet howsoever that it is not amiss upon whatsoever
alarum to be awake to all things but absolute impossibilities."
I am sending this same advertisement to Tanger and to our
countrymen in the ports.
Postscript — " The last letters from England spake not a word
of the Hollanders," but said that the King had perfectly
recovered " from a sickness which gave some fear to those who
were nearest about his sacred person. God be blessed for it."
Copy. 2 pp.
Philip Strai^ge to Snt Bichard Fanshaw.
1664, August [21-331. Cadiz prison — ^Petitioning that he
and other English taken at sea have now been in prison fourteen
months without one word of comfort, although they have written
three letters before, and that if they had been " rovers " they
could not have been worse dealt with, having no provision
allowed them, and being only kept by the charity of their
countrymen from absolute starvation, from which one man has
already died, and two more are like to follow him. 1 p.
Endorsed as received [at Madrid] August Sl-September 10.
K2
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CoLONMi FiTZGEBALD to Sot BiCHABD Fanshaw, at Madrid.
1664, August 29. Tanger — Statins that De Euyter with his
fleet is now at Malaga, and that the Mathias sailed on the 27th
to ffo to Sir John [Lawson], who is said to be at Alicante. \ p.
Endorsed : — " Beceiyed 13-23 September." [Compare letter of
same date to Bennet, Tojngiers Correspondence,']
CoL. EOGEE AlSOPP tO SlB RiCHAED Fa^SHAW.
1664, August 29. Tanger — ^I thank your honour ior yours
of the 2nd, wherein you "confer more honours and favours
upon me than I am afraid you will find me deserving of, but
however your Lordship shall find that I have solely devoted
myself to do his Majesty the best service that lieth in the
power of my declining age. I do duly consider that all I can
do will be too little to redeem the time I have lost, when I was
more able to serve his Majesty. Believe this, mv Lord, not to
be a compliment, but as real as may be spoken from a faithful
soldier and loyal subject. Since the arrival of Col, John Fitz-
garald, our present Governor, Col. Reames, and Col. Henry Nor-
wood, unto whom I am now Lieutenant-Colonel, all things here
are very well settled. . . . After the building of one re-
doubt more we shall fall upon the repairing of the houses in the
town, which are ragged and torn, and when that is finished,
to our solid fortifications against a Christian enemy." The
garrison is paid off for the Earl of Teviot's time, and we shall
spur on the Mole with all vigour when Esquire Cholmely arrives
with materials. It is to be wished that his Majesty would
make this place a corporation, "for the better encouragement
of merchants and other inhabitants to settle themselves here,
for in my opinion, though the military power may be never
so honesty it is not so well understood as that of magistracy."
Our Governor sent Col. Norwood, Lieut.-Col. Fitzgarald and Mr.
"William Staines, merchant, as commissioners with proposals of
peace to Guyland. They stayed at Arzilla three or four days,
but little was done. Guyland said he could do nothing of him-
self, but would assemble his great ones, and send an answer in
four days. This was a month since, and the answer is not yet
come, and I believe " that the next time we shall see Guyland
will be with his army in hostility, and truly my opinion is,
if we stand to our business bravely, his flag of truce will be
eent in the very same day, and I do assure your Lordship he is
like to get little but knocks.*' My Colonel, being indisposed
with the flux, begs you to excuse his not writing this time. 1 p.
Seal of arms.
Note hj Westcomhe: — "Received at Cadiz 10 September."
Gaspar de Haro, Marques de Liche, to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1664 [August 31-]September 10. Castle of St. George,
Lisbon — ^Consul Thomas Maynard tells me of the favour which
your Excellency is pleased to sCow me by remembering me \x^
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your letter^ and maniiestang your kind desire to procure my
liberation, for which I offer you my grateful thanks, not doubt-
ing the power of his Majesty of Great Britain and the honour
TrUch he does me. I hope that I may have an opportunity
at some time of proving my gratitude and good will. Spanish.
1^ pp.
Chables II. to Sm Bichabb Fakshaw.
1664, Sptember 7. Whitehall — ^Recommending to him the
case of John Wilmot, merchant, now a prisoner in Porta Santa
Maria in Spain, at tbe suit of one Humphrey Holcombe, his
creditor. Sign Mdfnual. Couniersiffned by Sir Henry Bennet.
2^ pp.
Admibal Thomas Allin to Sm Eichabd Fanshaw.
1664, September 9. H.M.S. PlymoiUh — ^I tender my humble
service " to your Excellency and consort, with the virtuous young
ladies. I am to intimate unto you that his Boyal Highness
hath sent me into the Straits to take the command of that
squadron in place of Sir John Lawson, who is sent for home
for some greater employment, and with him goeth home Captain
Berckly. I am to receive &om Sir John the cipher by Mr.
Coventry's order to correspond with you, and shall be glad to
hear from you, and who are your correspondants at Cbles
[Cadiz], Malaga, and Alicante, that letters may not fail of quick
passages. I shall upon all occasions and accidents give your
honour account of what passes, either on this coast or Argiers.
News out of England little, we see the Hollanders get before us in
making provisions for wax, having my Herr XJpdam riding before
the Maze [Maas] and Qoree with twenty-two sails of good men-
of-war, but the plague is amongst them. Trump hath eighteen
sail coming in with eleven East India men, and these for ought
we know may join together ; they have eight or ten with their
fleet of busses, and all our fleet as yet when together with the
Karl of Sandwich about sixteen, now I and the Cromti are
come away, and Sir John and the Bristol going to them will
make eighteen. It is certain we have thirty great ships that
have all their standing rigging and graved, which will be soon
ready. I left my Lord Sandwich lying off Beachy and the coast
of France to see who passes. I have in my convoy for Cales
Captain Coale, from tnence to Legome and the Morea one\
Stafforfe, those two with piece gooas, and one Yarmouth shit) !
laden with lead, Captain Hudson, Smyrna factor. Captain HiU, j
London merchant, bound both to Scanderoone. My respects to i
Sir Andrew King and the rest of your noble company." Signed, i
1 p. Seal of arms.
Sib John Lawson to Sm Eichabd Fanshaw.
1664, September 27. Bay of Bulls, H.M.S. Resolution— V^q
were denied pratique both at Alicante and Malaga, and at
Gibraltar " they were so uncivil as not to let us have the least
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refreshment for our moneys, but coming hither the Governor
hath been very civil in giving pratique, that we might have all
things we stood in need o^ and had prepared guns to have
answered my salute, but that I went in no further than this
place." I sail for England to-day, leaving Captain Allin in
command of the fleet. Captain [Berkeley only goes with me.
Sra John Lawson to Snt Bichaed Eanshaw.
1664, September 27, twelve o'clock at night H.M.S. Resolu^
Hon off Cadiz — Stating that De Ruyter has taken in great stores
of wine, oil, bread and flesh, and is believed to have sailed for
the coast of Guinny ; and requesting that this information may
be at once forwarded to his Majesty. 1 p.
Geobge Bbomtdge to Snt Bichabd Fanshaw.
1664 [September 27-] October 7. Seville prison — Six weeks
ago we received the jojiul news that the King had ordered our
release, yet we are still in durance. We beseech your Excellency
to find out why our order is stopped, and to have it sent down
here, as the winter is drawing on, " and if it should be our
unhappy fortune to stay here another winter I am confident
ihe major part of us must of necessity perish, we having neither
hose, shoes nor clothes to defend us from the cold." f p.
Snt Henby Bennet to Snt Bichabd Fanshaw.
1664, October 6 — Eight pages of cipher, not deciphered,
but the key for which is amongst the papers. They prove to be
the cipher part of the letter dated August 25th in the printed
letters (p. 283), and thus give the true date of the letter, that
printed Deing manifestly incorrect.
Snt George Downing to Snt Eichard Fanshaw.
1664, October 6. Hague—" My Lord Carlisle hath had his
audience at Stockholm, and both thereat and at his entering
more honour done him than hath been known done to any,
all the burgesses being in arms, &c." I send you a paper in
relation to the ships Botui Esperanza and Henry Bonaventure,
from which you will see they take the usual way with men who
have other people's money in their hands, wishing to draw the
matter from one coxirt to another, and so keep up the dispute.
The Ghiiny fleet has not gone yet, nor have Obdam's ships—
which are to convoy them through the Channel — got in their
provisions. There nas been much ado in the Estates of HoUcmd
about levying the two hundredth penny on every man's estate,
which still finds opposition, and also " which way to find moneys
to carry on their occasions, for though the country is full of
monev yet the Estates have none; on the contrary they are
infinitely in debt," and only pay at the rate of four per cent
interest 1} pp.
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Colonel Fitzgerald to Snt Eichabd Fanshaw.
1664, October 8-18. Tanger— Stating lliat he has finished
the line and all the out works, so that he now cares little whether
the Moors choose peace or war, though, for the honour of the
place and better encouragement to trade, he will endeavour to
bring them to a good correspondency; to which end he has
entertained about twenty of them, who have brought him in
three or four hundred head of cattle. Ihis has enabled him
to give fresh meat instead of salt to his men, '* to the preserving
many from falling sick at this time of the year." 1 p.
Blndorsed: — "fieceived 1-11 November."
Snt Oeo&ge Downing to Snt Bicha&d Fanshaw.
1664, October 13. Hague— The Estates of Holland are still
trying to find money to carry on their design against the Eng-
lish, but several towns still oppose the tax of the two hundredth
penny " so that as yet I see no way before them but borrowing,
and that way they can have enough as long as their cremt
lasts, but if they come to get a blow at sea, it was found by
experience in Cromwell's time that their credit did shrink, and
it would so again." Obdam's fleet is now victualled, and as soon
as the wind serves for the Guiny ships to get out of the Texel
and come before Gbree, it is said he will take them down the
GhanneL Holland has proposed the building of twenty-four
great ships, but Zealand and some other provinces have given
their consent to eighteen only. " All their confidence and talk
is in France, yet on the other hand they see plainly that as in
relation to their trade, France doth them all the hurt they can
possible. The peace or truce between the Emperor and the Turk
doth very much startle them here, fearing that if they should
come to odds with his Majesty that the Princes of the Empire,
their neighbours, and particularly the Bishop of Munster, should
give them trouble by land." I enclose a copy of my memorial
to the Estates, whicn will show you what cause his Majesty has
" not to be verv well pleased with these people, especially upon
the coast of miiny."
Sib Edwaed Turnoh, sen., to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1664, October 13 — ^I received your very kind letter of the 9th
of July, and returned an answer, which however I find by my
son's letters has miscarried, and so must now thank you for
your extraordinary care of him, both in sickness and in health.
In the letters which immediately followed his illness he seemed
to have no affection for Spain, but now I find him somewhat
reconciled to the country and not very desirous to return till
next spring, and I have commanded him not to come back unless
by your advice. I told you in my former letter that Sir Thomas
Ingram is in possession of his desires, and that I will do my
best in the business which you have intrusted to me. I suppose
you hear '^ that the Dutch and we are likely to fall out. As yet
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We ride upon the fare-horse, but we hear De Buyter is stolen to
Guynney with a design to do us some mischief. . . . Prince
Bupert is gone out with a strong party to see what they do lliere ;
Sir John Lawson is returned, ana the Earl of Sandwich is abroad
with a good strength to watch th^ motions nearer hcmie ; and
the Duke of York is now preparing ... to go himself and
see the issue of the business. Gk)a bless you all. Our Parlia-
ment meets again the 24th of November." 1 j9.
YlSOOUKT DOKGAN tO SiB BlCHABD FaNSHAW.
1664, October [15-]25. Xeres— " I had tlie honour of your
Excellency's of the 14th current with the greatest regret
imaginable ; your enclosed paper has eased our minds a little,
whereby we may guess which way to govern our small affairs
for home. I cannot requite your Excellency with much news
from hence, only some reports ^7hich your Excellency will be
a better judge of. It is confidently reported here, and not
undesired, that there is a treaty ^th Portugal and that it passes
by your Excellency's way ; here they would seem to particularise
the conditions too. Here the justices are so insufferable in their
thieving and extortion that they are daily knocked in the head
and abused by both gentry and commonalty, that it presages
some great change. In one from the Duke of Ormond to me
by this post he says thut a license will be sent to me to transport
some horses for hun. It is not come, neither do I know where to
apply myself for it, in the meantime I vill provide the horses.
I suppose it must be from thence. The fall of the monej has
done no small mischief in these parts, and does not little discon-
tent the people. My wife and family kisses your Excellency's,
your lady and young ladies' hands." HolograpK 2\ pp.
Colonel John Fitzgerald to Sm Eichabj> Fa^shaw.
1664, November 6-16. Tangier — Since Saly came into
Ouylan's hands his boats have done much injury to our
merchants, and will be more prejudicial to the Newfoundland
men than Argier has been. If his Royal Highness would send
three or four of his sixth-rate frigates ** to ply before that place
and Tetuan, it would not be difficult in a short time to ruin them
both." The free commerce which you have procured from the
Spanish Court between this place and the coasts of Spain is of
g^eat concernment to this city, and in the name of the whole
garrison I thank you, for the countenancing of us is a slight
to Guylan. He has detained two of my men, whom I sent witl
an answer to his last letter.
Postscript. — November 12-22. I have received your Ex-
cellency's letter with the welcome proclamations of the King
of Spain, and congratulate you particularly upon your success.
I have received the enclosed from Guylan or he that there com-
mands in chief. He has kept my two men nearly six weeks.
" The reason thereof I do not so well understand, but be it
either war or peace I am prepared for both." 2\ pp.
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Endorsed : — " Beoeiyed and answered 29 November-9 Decem-
ber."
William Blxtnden to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1664, November [13-]33. Alicant — ^This Sunday morning I
have received your Excellency's of tbe 9-19 current. We hear
that peace has been re-established with Argeir upon the same
articles formerly concluded by Sir John Lawson, and the fleets
gring to Tunis and Tripoley to effect the same with them,
apt. Chicherlv immediately set sail in search of the Admiral.
I nave acquainted all our nation here to be wary. The
Dutch have many gallant rich merchant ships in these \
Mediterranean seas, but not any men-of-war that I know,
more than two which are convoys for Turkey." The peace
with Argier will I conceive prevent our having pratique
in any port of Spain, but the orders should be continued for
relieving the frigates with necessaries. Those to come hither
must be issued to the Marques de St. Roman, Vice-rey of
Valencia. "It is likely Admiral Allin may mistake in his
advice of the loss of Gigiarie, for by a Spanish captive who came
out of Argier the next day after him, we understand that the
French, having undermined some out-works, voluntarily retired
from them, siiffered the Moors to enter, and afterwards sprung
their mines ; which although proved to the loss — of no moment —
of some number of Moors, is esteemed a disrepute to the French
and a weakening of their main fortification." Signed. 1 p.
Admiral Thomas Allin to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1664, November 16. H.M.S. Plymouth, Bay of Fuorsy—
Stating that he has left the Phoenix at Alicante and is about to \
sail for Tangier; that they of Alicante are very ill-satisfied /
at the peace with Argier; and that the news concerning the
French at Gigirie is certainly true if the Turks are to be
believed, who would have given any satisfaction if they might
have borrowed three of the English ships to fetch thence the
guns and ammunition. \ p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Colonel Fitzgerald^ Deputy-
Governor of Tangier.
1664, November 22-December 2. Madrid— Draft of letter
printed in the published letters, p. 347.
Colonel Fitzgerald to Sir Richard Fakshaw.
1664, November 28-December 7 [sic]. Tanger— If the
Spaniards be sincere in the declaration whicn your Excellency has
procured from them of correspondency with this town, I cannot
see but that Guylan must make peace. However, I shall always
be prepared for either peace or war, ** and the probability of the
one shall not make me neglect the possibility of the other. . .
• . There are two forts biiilt at the two coves where the mole
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men work, so that now, in their own opinion, they work very
secure." I am going to begin the fortifications of the upper
castle, according to tbe figure sent me from England for com-
pleting the citadel begim by Don Sebastian. 2 pp.
[GoTTh^are letter [to Sec, Bermetf^, same date. Tangiers
Correspondence.^
Sm BiCHABD Fanshaw to Sm George Dowmng.
1664, November 30-December 10. Madrid — You appear not
to have received mine of August 24th, old style, telling you that
a Dutch express had passed through this tojm, who said that war
was declared between Holland and England. I hinted to you that
I thought it possible he might be sent to De Euyter, with orders
to begin hostilities on a certain day, and I have since found
that ne carried orders to be dispatched to Guinea.
The Dutch Ambassador has arrived at Madrid, and sent to
ask that my coach and family might attend him at his first
public audience. I went to visit him, and after wishing him
joy told him that I desired to explain why I could not send
my coach and family to accompany him and '* to stop the mouths
of those who might therefore be likely otherwise to say that war is
already declared between England and Holland," but that the
King my master had forbidden this ceremony, both as to foreign
ambassadors in his own Court and to his own in foreign Courts,
desiring ue " to seek out other ways to express our respects to
the ambassadors of his Majesty's allies." He ha3 his first
audience on November 16-26, going in good style, accompanied
by fifty or sixty gentlemen on horseback, and the coaches of the
ambassadors of Germany, France, Venice, Lucca and Parma.
In the afternoon " he came in all his trim to pay me my visit,"
but found me not at home. Co/?y. If pp.
[Compare letter to Bennety^ November 16-26. Spanish Corres-
pondence.']
News Letter.
[1664], November — ^The Dunkirk, Assistance and Henry are
now in the Downs with others, but the Royal Jam^s, Sir William
Penn Commander, has not yet arrived. A fleet of twelve or
fourteen Hollanders are off the Isle of Wight, standing all
hazard rather than put into port. One Yarmouth man with
wines was cast away in a storm near Brixton.
** Dublin, Nov. 9, upon a difference between Col. Demsey and
Mr. Lutterell, they went into the field, the former having for
his second one MacAvering, the other Ensign Buckley. The
principals, after some passes, parted without harm, but the
seconds engaging were both wounded, but Buckley more danger-
ously, though 'tis hoped not mortally."
Mr. Nicholas Bacon, a barrister of Grey's Inn, being found
guilty of endeavouring the death of Sir Harbottle Grimston,
Master of the EoUs, has been sentenced to 1,000 marks fine, three
months' imprisonment, and to make public acknowledgment of
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kis ofience at the Kin^^s Bench bar and Chancery. Major Holmes
has reached Lisbon on his way to England. Captain Tiddiman,
Bear- Admiral to the Earl of Sandwicd^, is sent into the Channel
to stop the Dutch men-of-war, and the Customs House has
received orders to seize all Dutch vessels and take from them
their sails and rudders, no satisfaction having been given for
the outrages upon his Majesty^s subjects.
** The Lord Fitzharding returned to Court the 20th9 having
given his Majesty ample satisfaction of his message and a fair
account of tiie high resDccts that Court [of France] gave him
and his company, which speaks a good correspondency betwixt
the two Crowns. The Lord Fitzharding was presented with a
ring to the value of 2,000/." The Colchester frigate has brought
in the King Solomon of Amsterdam, and twenty-two Dutch
ships have been seized in Torbay.
*' Edinburgh, November 16, Sunday last in aU churches they
prayed for the good success of his Royal Highness and the navies
under his conduct." His Majesty has granted letters of reprisal
against the Dutch. 3^ pp.
Consul Maynabd to Snt Bichabd Fanshaw.
1664, December [12-]22. Lisboa — ** My late affictions have
made me incapable of ail business, but I do not know that the
neglect of any troubles me so much as my breach of promise in
the sending those things you desired for your lady, for which
I beg both her and your pardon. I have lost a good wife.
God of his mercy sanctify all his dispensations." fi you will
send me two Unes of intelligence from your parts I shall esteem
it a great favour. "At this time here appears a prodigious
comet, which hath been seen these twelve nights in the con-
stellation of Hydra, betwixt Como and the Pot, in twenty-four
degrees south latitude, and comes upon the meridian about half
an hour past five o'clock in the morning, the influence of which
is extremely feared in this country, x ou will do me a favour
to let me know how it appears with you." My humble service
to your lady, f p.
Colonel Henry Noewood to Sni Eicha&d Fanshaw.
1664, December 16. Tangier — ** If I thought your Excellency
had as much time to read my impertinences as I have to write
them," no occasion should pass without your hearing from me.
I gave you in August a flying relation of my embassy to Gay-
land, and since then have neard from our Governor of the good
effects of your negotiation for us. " The sad news of the King's
fleet under Admiral Allin will accost you with noise enough.
On Sunday morning last it came here by a barca luenga, and
made a great allay to the several sorts of happy tidings that we
had lately received from England and elsewhere, as the return
of poor — ^nay rich — ^Bobin Holmes from his conquest of the river
Gambo with Dutch prizes, the equipage and forwardness of his
Majesty's fleet in great advance to the Dutch, his Royal High-
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ness there in perscm, and the excellent peace with Algier. . .
I wish the Admiral may be able to satbfy the Kin^ that nothing
can be imputed to ill-conduct I am persuaded it was his for-
ward zeal to examine the Dutch fleet that made him thus
unhappy." Gayland still keeps our messengers at Arsila, and I
believe means to attempt something against us. ^* If scaling
suddenly be his design, I am well assured he must be deceived,
because our redoubts are palisadoed and much higher than to
him they seem to be. In fine, when he shall perceive himself
neglected in Spain, he will seek our friendship, not till then.
. . . I hope the maleivolent partent of the blazing star,
which for fourteen days past hath appeared in this horizon,
south east, hath already wrought its effects upon the Swing's
interest in these parts by endamaging his fleet. The King of
France at Jugerer hath* felt its influence more sharply. If it
be true, as is reported, that your Excellency is summoned to
return, re infecta, it will concern us to prosecute the Mole at
another kind of vigour than at present. 'Tis pity so public
a good for our nation should stand still for the private business
of Mr. Cholmley. What friendship can we expect in the Spanish
ports when your Excellency is gone? " 2| pj?.
Endorsed: — "Received 80 December-9 January."
Admiral Thomas Allin to Sm Eichard Fanshaw.
1664, December 17. H.M.S. Plymouth, in the Bay of Bulls-
Describing the disaster which has befallen his fleet — ^his own
and four other ships having got ashore in a night of dismal
rain and darkness, and the Phoenix and Nonsuch being lost,
which has half broken his heart. 1 p. Seed of arms ana crest.
[Calendared S.P. Dom.y Chas. II., 1664-1665, from a copy,
under this date.']
Viscount Dongan to Sib Richard Fanshaw.
1664, December [18-]28. Xeres — ^I and my wife thank you
and my lady heartily for your kind words, and wish you both
all imaginable happiness. " I have the same your Excellency
sends me of his lloyal Highness embarking, as also the Duke
of Monmouth, Duke of Buckingham, Duke of Richmond and
Mr. Harry Ford of Norfolk, as also all the young nobility and
gallantry of the Court. I am also advertized that my Lord Fitz-
harding is married to Mrs. Bagot, one of the Duchess's maids
of honour, the night before he went for France, being employed
by his Majesty thither, as also of Mr. Onel's [Daniel O'Neill]
death.'' No doubt you have heard of the loss of two of our
frigates near Gibraltar by foul weather. ** Ton will not doubt
how little troubled these people are at it, as I saw in a letter from
one of their prime men here. God reward their good wills, and
send us never any need of their kindness. I am sorry to hear of
your Excellency's preparations for home. I wish it may be this
way, that I may go under vour shelter. If not, Gtod send us a
hfi^py meeting in England." Holograph. 3 pp^
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Admiral Thohab Allin to Sib Bicha&d Fakshaw.
1664, December 26, H.M.S. Plymouth, in the Bay of CadiB—
Degcribing an encounter with the Dutch upon the 19th, when
he took two ships and sunk two more. Signed. [Calendared
S.P. Dom., Chas. II., 1664-1665, from a copy, under this date,"]
Sib Eichabd Fanshaw to Adhibal Allin.
1664-6, December 27-January 6. Madrid — ^The sad news of
your disaster came to me but a few days before the good news
of your victory against the Dutch, which I received from the
Duke of Medina de las Torres. I hope that our shipwrecked
men — ^for to my great joy I hear both they and the guns were
saved — ^will be recruited with Dutch ships, and our Mold at
Tangere supplied with Dutch workmen upon liberal and
Christian terms. Copy. 1 p.
Colonel L[TrcAs] Taafe to Lobd [Ambassadob Fanshaw].
[1665, January?} — I would have esteemed my long service to
this Crown well repaid had I been allowed to go to Madrid to
kiss your hands, '' out as strangers must endure mortifications,
which in time of peace are more ordinarily offered than in
war, merely to weary them of their employments, I have fixed
my resolution of retiring homewards and resigning my com-
mand to my nephew Nick," who served for seven years in my
regiment, and has latehr arrived here from London. I hear from
my brother that the King has been pleased to recommend this
suit to your care. I have sent a memorial to the Duke of Medina
de las Torres, which, seconded by you, will I doubt not be easily
granted. 1\ pp.
YiscouNT Dongan to Sm Riciiabd Fansiiaw.
1665, January [1-]11. Xeres — " Your Excellency is resolved
before this of the doubt of the war with Holland." I hear
that you are thinking of returning home, and wish I knew
when and if by land, that I might arrange my affairs so as to
wait for you, " for Donna Mary has no inclinations to go by
sea, and the rather for the Holland wars." Our General has
gone out from this port, we believe towards the Straits. He
tells me he will be going for England at the beginning of next
month. Holograph. 2 pp.
Consul Westcombe to Sm Eichabd Fanshaw.
1665, January [8-] 18. Cadiz — ^Informing him of the move-
ments of the English fleet and mentioning a report that De
Euyter has retaken all the English forts in Guio^a and ten
or twelve of their shins on that coast. 2 pp.
indorsed as reeeivea on JantMry 19-^.
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Sir Thomas Allin to Sir Eichard Fanshaw.
1664-6, Januaiy 15. H.M.S. Plymouth, Gibraltar Bay —
Stating that he is now bound for home, with twelve men-of-
war and twelve merchant ships, and means to touch at Tangier
and Cadiz on his way. Signed. \ p. Seal of arms.
Sir Thomas Allin to William Coventry.
1664[-5], January 15. H.M.S. Plymouth in Gibraltar Bay—
I have, thank God, got off the BonadverUure in spite of the
weather, which is so foul that when we tried to go for Cadiz we
were obliged to stand in for Tanger, and there were kept five
days by the storm. Our prize lost three anchors and nearly
fell foul of the Antdope, I have sent Capt. Mauhun [Mohun ?J
to brinff him to Gibraltar, whither I have come myself, having
heard from my brother that Capt. Parker and about a dozen
English ships were riding here, with cargoes to the value of
300,000Z. " We are intending homeward, according to instruc-
tions, with this fleet; Capts. Jo. Born [Brown?], Haddock,
Hasellgrove, Hosier, Fenny, Talbot, Crane and Mathews ; these
rich ships, besides some small Marcellis [Marseilles] and Mallaga
men [The Dutch] talk of fitting some merchant men
to join with' the three men-of-war which are making clean at
Cadiz, who will be out so soon as they understand of our going
home, and then their trade will on again, which now have order
to stay in all ports wheresoever their intelligence meet them,
laden or light. This puts a great stop to the King of Spain's
proceeding against Portugal," as the ships laden with provisions
for his army dare not stir. I have just received a request from
the Governor here to give a segoura to a Dutch ship laden
with com to pass to Cadiz. After consultation in a council of
war I have done so. Copy. 2 pp.
Joseph Williamson to Sni Andrew King.
1664-6, January 16. Whitehall — *' I am much obliged to you
for your punctuality. This hour comes to us your happy news
of what hath been begun by Captain Allen, and we hope will
be carried on to a perfect issue. Certainly if he finds himself
in a condition, he will not want even the law of nations and
nature to pursue his enemy fighting into any Prince's port
whatsoever, though some question mig^ht be made whether he
could begin to fight him there. God give good success, and
there will not want right to justify it.
We long to hear this news from Gibraltar of the loss of our
two frigates strongly contradicted.
Van Beuninghen cannot yet obtain a peremptory declaration
from the French Court, though he makes his masters hope,
and they the poor people believe, it will at last follow. In the
meantime France takes time to examine: —
1. Whether this quarrel, being for pretensions and rights
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out of Europe, be witUn their treaty with Holland, which
expressly limits it to Europe.
2. And more particiilarly whether we or they are the first
aggressors in the quarrel, for that is expressly a condition in
their warrants.
Now it is without all doubt most notorious that they are so,
since llie evidence of what De Buitter hadi done on the coast
of Ghiiney, and that by their instructions, and now owned to
be so, since they can no longer hide it, for till now it is to be
obseryed that all along to the French Xing, to Sir George
Downing, to the King and all the world they denied any such
thing or that he was gone that way, which the French King
takes himself much affronted in and justly.
And the plain truth is. Holmes, upon his examination, as
he was examined at the Tower on Saturday by the two Secre-
taries,* gives so good account of whatever he hath done in his
late expedition to Ghiiney that it will appear plainly he hath
done no hostility or damage to them there, for which — ^besides
all their former injuries and oppressions to our trade there,
which it might have been otherwise not unjust to have resented —
he did not first receive the just provocations from the Dutch
at each particular place. And so the world will see in time,
when a narrative is made out of his papers, which are most in
the Dutch and Portuguese tongues. A copy of one I send you
for a pattern of their perfidy, having as you will see now very
lately attempted to engage the King of Barca to join with them
in a war against us.
Great vigour is used in our naval preparations, whatever false
rumours are thrown about by the Dutch and their partisans
the fanatics amongst us that a peace is intended, whereof there
is no ground at all.
The Prize Office is settled, and all the sub-commissioners,
being thirty-nine or forty in number, are House of Commons
men except three or four, so perfect a harmony of duty and
kindness is there between the subject and his Prince respectively.
The passage about Scotland doth not proceed so well to our
neighbours as they hoped, for two of three East India ships
are returned back to Amsterdam, their men having by extremity
of weather lost fingers, teeth and noses in the service ; the third
they give for lost. And yet they must try that or none, for
they dare not attempt the Channel.
I prav you procure me the present names, qualities, marriages
and children of the grandees, chief officers and ministers of state
of that [Spanish! Court"
Postscript. — *^ Our own Straits fleet of between twenty and
thirty are well arrived at Plimouth, blessed be God." 3 pp.
Sir BricHAED Fanshaw to Viscotjnt Dongan.
1664-5, January 24-February 3. Madrid — ^Thanking him for
his letter of January 11th, and stating that some of his company
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have already gone, and others will start on flieir journey home
by land in a few days, but which way he himself will po or
when he will set out he cannot say until he hears from England.
Colonel Lucas Taafe.
1665 [January 28-] February 7. Madrid — Pass from Sir
Bichard Fanshaw for " Don Lucas Taafe," who has honourably
served his Catholic Majesty as Mestre de Campo in his armies,
and now holds his license to depart, to go to England with three
servants and their arms. Spanish. \ p.
Don Francisco de Ayala.
1665, January — 'Papers concerning the imprisonment of Don
Francisco de Ayala. Spanish. 12 pp.
Sm George Downing to Sm Bichard Fanshaw.
1664[-5], February 2. The Hague — ^Many capers are putting
to sea with letters of marque, and Banckert nas sailed from
Zealand with twelve or thirteen, " to try what exploits he can
do again, and they doubt not but they shall ruin the English
plantations in the Caribes and those parts, and many letters
of marque are also sent to Italy and Cadiz. . . . They begin
to talk that notwithstanding the greatness of their preparations,
yet that if in the upshot they should find much hazard in the
adventuring a battle in these parts, that possibly they may keep
their fleet within doors, at least for a time . . . and so
wear away the English fleet, while in the meantime they do their
business in the East and "West Indies, Straits and those parts."
The States General of Holland have made known their resolu-
tions for the raising of money, viz. : The two hundredth penny
to be levied twice ; the addition of a fifth more upon all that
pass by boat or waggon, a chimney or fire-hearth tax, and a
moiety more upon the land tax.
Postscript. — " Much alarm upon the account of the Bishop of
Munster and other neighbouring Princes of Germany, whose
deputies are now together, about adjusting matters among them-
selves." Signed. 1 p.
Thomas Maesden to Snt Bichabd Fanshaw.
1665, February [3-] 13. lisbone — ^I thank vour Excellency for
honouring me with a letter, and hold myself bound to give you
an account of my affairs here. " Immediately upon my being de-
prived of the protection of your presence, I thought it needful
to put some more sweat into my sermons than formerly I did,
lest any might watch for an occasion to say that my pains were
not answerable to my pay; the which I have done from that
time to this, and tfcat iiot without the 8^cc^ss wished for. Bnt
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I thank Ood, not bein^ carped at is the least part of the success
I have had in my ministry, if I may believe my auditors, some
of whom — ^npon occa^non of my preaching my farewell sermon
last Lord's Day npon Gal. Fv., 11, **I am afraid of you, lest
I have bestowed upon you labour in vain " — ^have told me not
without tears that I have not laboured in vain, that they have
looked deeper into eternity, and do value a Saviour far more
than they did when first I came amongst them. The whole
body of them are so passionately covetous of my stay that they
have offered to augment my salary to obtain it, or to dispense
with my absence for ten or twelve months for settling my adffairs
in England in case of return.'' But as I do not see any possibility
of this I have begged them to transfer their respect to my
successor, whereon they have cheerfully renewed their subscrip-
tions for whatever minister my Lord of London shall send them,
which subscriptions I shall deliver to him, together with the
testimonials given me by the merchants here, one of which I
enclose to your Lordship. Since you left this Court I have only
omitted preaching on two Lord's Days, once for indisposition,
and the second time because the merchants desired me to for-
bear " by reason the Auto da fee [«b] fell upon a Sunday."
I count myself happy in my acquaintance with your house,
where " I was no less a learner than a teacher." I have rubbed
off much ignorance since I came to Lisbon, and have also
"gotten a competent treasure into my purse," my moneys —
amounting to 344Z. 3*. Ad. — ^being put into two bills of exchange,
payable by Mr. "Wm. Bird and Mr. Edward Norwood, merchants
of London. I hope by long and hard study in England to fit
myself for your Lordship's countenance, and entreat your " con-
cealing my infirmities and imperfections, a greater number
whereof your Lordship and my lady have seen both in my person
and my pen than any, I think, in the world besides." I shall
try always by God's help to carry myself as becomes a Gospel
minister, and hope that this promise to you "may contribute
something to my establishment in good and manly resolutions."
Mr. Price will explain to you the reasons which require my
return to England. 1 p.
Endonnff,
Certificate, ngned by M, Frogierty *^ French mmister,
hearer of (he same Mr. Marsden,*' Thos. Maynardy Eng-
lish Consul, Chris. Maynard, Vice-Consul, and twenty-
four English merchants^ that Thomas Marsden has been
^^ assiduous and laborious in his studies, constant and
orthodox in his preachings, piou^ and exemplary in his
life,** and has discharged himself in all things as well befits
a Gospel minister. Lisbon [^January 31-liFebruary 10,
1665. 1 p.
CONSITL WeSTCOMBB tO SiR BrICHARD FaNSHAW.
1665, February [5-] 15. Cadiz — ^Admiral Allin and his fleet
are detained at Gibraltar by contrary winds. The Essex, Capt.
2A. ^
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XJtbert, is waiting for him at Cadiz, that they may all go
together for England.
De Reyter is hourly expected from Ghiinea, and is said to
have reduced all that coast. The French King has offered
600,000 pieces-of-eiffht for the garrison of Tangier.
A ship arrived this week from Dublin (in twelve days) reports
" that the Scots Irish are up in arms about a place there called
Belturbet, near Black Bog, several thousands of them, and
headed by one Sir Fylum O'Neel [Phelim 0*Neill], who newly
came thither out of France."
The States of Holland are said to have demanded from the
French King the men whom, as their protector, he promised to
send them when required.
All is well at Tangier.
It is to be feared that the Dutch will domineer much when
the English frigates have left, as besides De Ruyter's fleet of
fourteen or sixteen sail, Yan Tromp is expected with ten or
twelve more from Holland, convoying the Smyrna ships. 3 pp.
Snt BicHABB Fanshaw to Secretary Morice.
1664-6, February 8-18. Madrid— The bearer, Sir Andrew
King, goes express to England at my request, on business which
I pray you to favour so far as you can.
* He carries likewise incidentallv the success of my negodation
in this Court, the sum whereof is, I am no forwarder therein
to this day than I was when I left London, so that if this shall
be thought suflSicient ground for my return, your honour may
be attended shortly in person " by your humble servant. Cojyy.
{^Compare letters to the Kino, Clarendon and Duke of Tort,
in the published letters, same aaieJ]
MoNs. DE Fremont to Sm Bicharb Fanshaw.
1666, February [10-]20. Bellem — ^I am kept here by storm
and tempest, waiting a favourable wind to carry me to l^gland.
I wished" to return by way of Spain, not so much to satisfy
my curiosity, as in order to pay my respects to your Excellency
and your family; but the Comte de Schomberg and my other
friends think it better for me to go by sea. I do tms very
reluctantly, especially since your letter has redoubled my desire
to see Madrid, and I venture to hope that you, too, will be a
little sorry, as I might have diverted you for a day or two by
a relation of what has passed here since you left But wherever
I am I shall always be your very humble servant French, 1 p.
"William Scowen to Sm Bichard Fanshaw.
1664r.5], February 13. Molinnick in Cornwall— "In the
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midst of many unhappinesses of the late wars Iiere — ^whicb. the
Lord hath blessed us to overlive — ^it was my good fortune to be
a little known to vonr Lordship, and somewhat more to mv
lord, your honourable brother and my singular ffood friend,
on which account I venture to speak to your Lordship on behalf
of Don Juan Scone, a kinsman of mine, bom in Spain, but son
to one of my name. His father left England very young,
when he was not well able to write his own name, nor was he
curious — it seems — ^to reform it afterwards, and so perhaps there
may have been some scruple thereupon of his descent ; but I do
hereby oerti^ your Lordship that it was right and without any
blemish at all. Having attained an estate fit to support it, the
son desires to receive the habit of knighthood, and if you could
say a few words in his favour to his Catholic Majesty in this
behalf, both he and I should be very grateful to you. 1 f.
Seal of armu
CoNSTTL Wbstcombe to Snt BicHABB Fanshaw.
1665, February [18-]28 — Sends certificate concerning the
goods t^en out of the Good Hope, EUyas Hyne, commander, —
bound from Newfoundland to Cadiz, — ^bv an Ostend man-of-war,
and also his correspondence with Admiral Allin and the
Governor of Gibraltar in relation to saving certain things from
ihe two English frigates stranded near the Bock.
Admiral Allin is still detained there. Three Dutch men-of-
war are at Cadiz with the Smyrna ships, who seem to have
had orders not to stir for some time, as they have discharged
a thousand mariners.
The only news is in the enclosed paper received from Bouen.
JSndodng^
1665, Jamiary [10-]20. Rotten — English letters state that
orders are given for raising five thousand land soldiers. His
Majesty, unth consent of Parliament, has given ftUl power
over the fleet to the Duke of York. The States of Holland
have imprisoned the Princess Dowager and Admiral Opdam,
" pretending they have conspired with mami others to hetray
them to the English for the Prince of Orangey A rich
West India Hollander has heen taken, and it is proposed
in Parliament to block up the ports of Holland. Some ships
have heen already taken out of the Texd. \ p.
COICTE DE SOHONBERG tO SiR BlCHARB FaNSHAW.
1665 [February 26-]March 7. Lisbon — ^After having been so
long without hearing from you, I rejoice to receive your letter
and to know that you and your family are well. We are hoping
for a happy issue to your negociations for a peace between Spain ,
and Portugal, and for myself I desire it ardently that I may
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withdraw from here and find some opportunity of serving his
Majesty of Great Britain with his troops more usefully and more
to my own satisfaction than I have done this last year. M. de
Fremont has left this kingdom. I hope that I shall soon follow
him/ and that I may have the honour of seeing your Excellency
in England. French. Hclograph, 2 pp,
Gaspab de Hard, Marques de Liche, to Sm Richard Fanshav^.
1665 [February 26-]March 7. Castle of St. George, Lisbon —
Tour letter of January 13th was delivered me by the bearer
of this, and the news that you and the Consul are well has
comforted me in my close imprisonment, as also the information
that his Majesty of Britain has taken it upon him to try to
procure my release, a work fitting for the piety and greatness
of his royal person, and of which I doubt not that I shall see
the result, especially as your Excellency is the principal instru-
ment in it. ' Knowing your kind favour to me I do not need to
remind you of my great necessity, but the twenty-one months
which I have spent in a prison, destitute of all the conveni-
ences of life, oblige me to pray you to continue your good offices
that my liberation may be speedy, and so the more valued. I
have seen the heads of a letter from Sir Henry Bennet, and per-
ceive that the favours which his Britannic Majesty is pleased
to show me now equal those bestowed on me by his royal
generosity at other times, and also the confidence with which I
avail myself of his mediation, in which alone I have always
placed all my hopes. And I beg your Excellency to be not so
much an intercessor in this matter as a godfather, placing me at
his Majesty's feet to beg that he will be pleased to act in it. I
rejoice at the friendly zeal of Baron de Bativila, of which
you assure me by his request for the continuance of my
friendship, as I am very sure of his, and I thank your Excellency
most gratefully for your kindness, hoping that I may some day
have the chance of employing myself in your service. Spanish.
Spp.
Secretary Antonio de Soxtsa de Macedo to Sir Bichard
Fanshaw.
1666 [February 27-]March 9. Lisbon — ^I received with much
pleasure your letter of the 13th of January. The bearer of this,
John Price, carries my master's reply to the papers eent to
this Court. His Majesty and his ministers are well assured
of your Excellency's goodwill, and although we know that the
ministers of Castile are not disposed to be reasonable as regards
Portugal, yet we believe that if it were possible to effect any-
thing it would be entirely by means of your zeal, prudence
and industry. The truth is that the Castflian ministers are
trying to deceive Engknd, wishing to delay matters until they
see how affairs go between that country and Holland, but they
have to do with your Excellency, who knows well how to
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circumvent thei^/ My wife fiends her greetings to your lady
and to your daughters. I asked this bearer on her behalf
whether there was nothing which she could send which might
be agreeable to Madame, but I could not draw any declaration
from him, and as he travels d la leghre it is impossible to
send sweetmeats or anything heavy, which would be a burden
to him. But we beg you to tell us if we can do anything for
you here. French, ^\pp*
Antonio de Sousa de Macedo to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665 [February 27-] March 9 — Stating that he encloses a
dpher, whereby his Excellency may more conveniently com-
mimicate with nim. Portuguese. \ p. [Cipher enclosed.^
Snt Henry Bennet to Consul Wbstcombb.
1664-5, March 1st. Whitehall — I send this by Lord Belasyse,
going as Governor to Tangier, "a very gallant man, and
particularly my friend, so I have made it much my care to
recommend you very kindly to him." You must punctually
correspond with him, and have a care of his correspondence
with our Ambassador at Madrid, for which and other services
you shall find your account and have your expenses paid,
besides a salary from the King, which I have delayed asking
for, expecting that the merchants would answer me better than
they have done concerning your allowances. "Your friend,
Sir Thomas Clifford, hath been charged with negotiating this
on your behalf, but yet he hath concluded nothing, not for want
of goodwill in him to oblige you," but because of the difficulty
wim the merchants.^ With this there also goes a packet of
commissions from his Boyal Highness for you to distribute to
Englishmen or strangers who are willing to take them and serve
his Majesty against the Dutch. You will receive instructions
from Mr. Coventry upon what conditions you are to dispose of
them. You will remember we depend principally upon your
care to send us constant accounts of what happens on your
coasts, in relation eillier to Tangier, his Majesty's fleets or our
merchants. /Pray fail not herein. Coj)y hy Westcombe. 2 pp.
Mabtin Westcombe to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, March [5-]15. Cadiz— On Tuesday last, the 18th inst,
A.dmiral AUin, all his frigates and about twenty merchantmen
left Gibraltar "with a brave Levant" for England. On the
12th news came from Madrid that the King was very sick,
whereupon rogativos were made in all the churches in this city
for his recovery.
A soldier from Tanger reports that two Moors of importance,
well clad in outward vests of scarlet and attended by several
servants, have been at Tanger with letters from Gueland to Col.
Fitzgerrald, stating that the two Englishmen detained at
Arzeela are well, and shall one day be at liberty, and that the
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Moors will not hearken to a peace with Tanger until they have
a brush first against it Ghieland has had above twenty thousand
Moors above Tanger all this cold and wet weather, which must
have killed many of them. They still remain about the
garrison, dispersed and hid in the bushes, according to their
custom, but, thank God, Tanger is in a good condition and
quite ready for them. My belief is that they will make no
attempt until the 3rd of May, a day "which these barbarous
people build upon for success to their enterprises, which indeed
by sad remembrance those villains have Had twice, in my Lord
of Peterborough's time, and the most noble Lord of Teviot then
lost his life.'' 2 pp.
Consul Martin Wbstoombe to Sm Eichard Fanshaw.
1666, March [12-]22. Cadia— Letters from St. Male's state
"that Ludlow, the ^rand traitor, is in Holland, and assures
that nation that his interest in England is so great that he can
raise a new distraction in the langdom again. [Complaints
aibout his own ill-treatment by the merchants.] 2^ pp.
Sm EiCHABB Fanshaw to Mb. Croone.
1664-5, March 21-31. Madrid — ^I have received yours of the
[7-] 17th, and have acquainted these ministers with the suspected
design upon Oran by the Turks of Algier. I shall be glad to hear
the sequel from time to time. Concerning the nimour of the Duke
of Beaufort having gone towards Tanger my letters received
to-day from that place and from Cadiz say nothing of it, and
therefore I do not credit it. I hear no complaints from this
Court of the Knight of Malta whom you mention as spoiling
the subjects of his Catholic Majesty in a Portugal ship with
English colours, " which methinks should be, were it but to stop
my mouth, that is not at all mealy in reference to those many
occasions of complaints the Spaniards give to us," especially
their imposition of new duties and reviving of the reprisalia
of Oliver's time. I thank you for your enquiries after the
miserable English captives in Tetuan, and pray you to continue
to do all you can to obtain their liberty, a pious and charitable
office, in which I will willingly join both in word and deed
as occasion may offer. Secretary Bennet writes that he has sent
orders to all the Consuls to warn English ships not to stir out
of anv ports without convoys. Copy. If pp. [The letter of
March 17, to which this is an answer, is in the Spanish Corres-
pondence.^ V
Snt BicHARB Fanshaw to Lord Holles.
1665, March 29-April 8. Madrid-rThe party of horse and
foot whom I mentioned in my last as marching against the
Portuguese, aimed at Valencia de Alcantra, but finding their
design discovered retired without doing anything. Count Mar-
chin, who commanded them, has arrived here, and tells me that
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he only left the army beoaufie ^^ he oould not in point of military
honour serve nnder any general but a Prince, having so often
commanded armies in diief ." Wlien he served under this very
Karquis of Caracena in Flanders the Marquis stood loco
principii, as now does the Marquis of Castel-Bodrigo,* under
whom he would not scruple to execute his old command, and
to whom I believe he is going again. Sir George Downing sends
me Holland's answer to his memorial. '^ If they prove as good
at downright blows as they are at downright railing we shall
have the worst end of the staff, but because those two go seldom
together I trust in God it will fall put quite otherwise. , My
Lord Bellasis' arrival at Tanger will now doubtless cure the
world of a general error, which without any shadow at all of
truth hath constantly prevailed for many months, that his
Majesty hath sold the place." I hope his Lordship will have
ships enough with him " to make our stake good in the Medi-
terranean against an upstart fleet which the Dutch are there
scrambling together.'' The King has resolved to go to Aranjuez
the middle of this month. Copy. 2^ pp.
J[ohn] Lord Belasyse to Consul Wbstcombe.
[1665], April 6-16. H.M.S. Foresight — ^Announces his arrival
in those parts, and desires that Messrs. Andrew and John Dun-
can, Mr. John Frederick and Messieurs Lasnier and Gentill may
be informed that he has letters of credit upon them from their
correspondents in London for considerable sums, for the pay-
ment of the garrison of Tangier, and that he desires them to
have at least the moiety of the moneys in readiness, as he will
require supplies shortly. Hopes to arrange that Westcombe, —
who has been recommended to him by Secretary Bennett, — shall
be better recompensed for his services than formerly.
Ppstscript. — ^Prays him to forward a letter to his wife in
England. Copy by Westcombe. 1 p,
William Blunden to Sm Eichabd Fanshaw.
1666, April [10-]20. Alicante — Secretary Morice sends me
"two blank commissions for private anen-of-war against the
Dutch, with freedom to carry and sell the prizes in Tanger,
which is much more at hand than England." I will endeavour
to bestow them upon some active persons of our i/ation, but this
port is not much frequented by strangers, and at present I do
not know certainly of any who could undertake the employment.
I see he is sending the same to several other ports, and Sir
Henry Bennett writes to me to the same purpose.
Don Sevastian del Hoyo will speedily wait npon you. The
Dutch bareo longo still keeps about Cartagena. Ten days since,
* I><m Lnig de Benayides, Carrillo y Toledo, Marques de Fromista et de Cara-
OMUt, Spanish goremor of the Low Countries, 166ilG64. recalled to take the
oommand affainst PoitngaL Don Frandsoo de Moura Cortereal, 3rd Marques de
OlMtel Bodngo, governor of the Low X^mntries, 1664-1068.
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tliey set upon an English vessel, but she killed and hurt some
of their men and forced them to leave her.
'*We frequently receive letters from Oran, and I have not
seen nor heard any mention of attempts to be feared from Argier.
The Marques de Leganes hath that garrison in a good condition,
and hath intelligence by land from Argier and other in parts
of Barbary, the town is well peopled and stored with provision
. . . and the place is so strong and well fortified that they
fear not all Barbary," so I conceive there is no ground for that
, report, as I am very ^lad that of the sale of Tanger is the same.
I now understand it had its first rise in France, from the money
which the Ann, one of his Majesty's third-rate friffates, carried
to Lisboa for the dowry of one of the Mademoiselles d' Orleans,
to be married with the King of Portugal, which not being known
or remembered, the fame ran that money was the price of Tanger.
I conceive it is the most important place in Christendom for his
Majesty and good of our nation, and when the Mold is built and
magazines it may maintain itself with little or no charge to the
■ Crown. It was an obscure place and not known till delivei^ed
to his Majesty, and now the whole world^ sees how much the
case is altered by the change of possessor. Yesterday one of the
State of Genoa's galleys arrived, come for their ambassador.
She touched at Mallorca, where Don Francisco Cottoner, brother
to the great Master of Malta, embarked on her. He is going
to Madrid. 3 j)p. Endorsed as received 18-28 ditto,**
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Consul Westcombe.
1665, April 11-21. Madrid — ^The King and Queen of Spain
have gone to Aranjuez for a month. The Marques de Caracena
has taken his leave and will speedily repair to the army. The
Bishop of Metz, uncle to the French King, left Paris on the
30th past with his assistant in the embassy and a very splendid
train of three himdred persons. "I am very heartily sorry
for the persecution of Don Antonio PimenteU, whom I always
took for an exceeding honest gentleman and most accomplished
minister, both in martial and civil affairs, of whose person
also I have a particular affectionate esteem, wishing I knew
how to serve him . . . and wondering as much as you upon
what account the oydor [of Granada], his judge, should proceed
to the rigour of imprisonment of any of our nation." Have
not our nation a judge conservador of their own in those parts ?
I wish likewise further certainty of the Saint's diversion of
Guylan, and what progress his supposed army is making.
Copy. 1| pp.
J[ohn] Lord Belasyse to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1665, April 15. Tangier — His Majesty having honoured me
with the command of this place and enjoined my correspondence
with you I send this to inform you of my safe arrival, aftei
a prosperous passage, and that I find all here in a good condition.
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"Our neighbours in Africa we may perhaps expect upon that
superstitious our unfortunate day, May the 3rd, but that which
threatens a greater danger is the strength of the Hollanders at
Gales, in case de Butter return thither and should block us up
by sea." If this should happen, pray advise his Majesty of it
at once that he may send ships to our relief. 1 have brought
letters from the King to the Duke of Medina Celi, Governor
of Andalusia, which 1 shall send next week, your Excellencjr's
solicitation having much improved our correspondence with
Spain. Holograph. 2\ pp,
William Blunden to Sut Bichabb Fanshaw.
1665, April [17-]27. Alicante — ^Thanks him for agreeing to
represent to the English Court their request that Don Sevastian
del Hoyo may be Consul in Cartagena. Hears that four Smyrna
ships are passed, convoyed as far as Tanger by three men-of-war,
of which the Foresight, bringing over Lord Bellasis, is one,
and will remain there. The other two, with the Crotm, return
homeward with all speed. Last week the Duke of Beaufort
with three men-of-war and a fireship came into port, but has left
again to lie by Cape Martin. " They say thev have burnt the
Admiral of Argeir and another great ship of theirs near Tunis.
All the country about Oran is in peace with that garrison. It
is probable the Turks of Argeir, wnen they go to recover their
tribute at Tremesen, as they yearly do, may molest the Advares
[i,e., nomadic villages] of the Moors for having peace with Oran,
as their custom is continually, but now somewhat more than
ordinary, in regard no Governor hath had peace so far within
the country as this Marques de Leganes now hath, but they
cannot attempt anything against the place." Signed. J p.
Endorsed: — "Beceived 25 April-5 May."
Sut BicuARD Fakshaw to Lord Bellasis.
1665, April 18-28. Madrid — Con^ratidatinff him on his
assuming t^e government of Tangier and begging to be
honoured with hL commands both in public and private affairs.
Copy. 1 p.
Sir Bichard Fanshaw to Consul Westcombe.
1665, April 18-28. Madrid— This King, with the Queen and
Empress, have been almost a fortnight at Aranjuez, and his
Majesty is so vigorous as '^ to have sat on horseback a matter
of three hours, and in that posture to have killed a wolf from
his own hand," whereas before his going there it was doubted
whether he had strength to perform the seven leagues journey
in a coach or litter, and that in two days. " The Marques de
Caracena is gone to the army against Portugal, and people are
big with expectation of what will be done this campana. The
Duke of Avero will speedily depart for Cadiz to take command
of the Spanish navy royal. Copy. 1 p.
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Sm tticHAEB Fanshaw to Lord Holles.
1665, April 19-29. Madrid— "I have not lately received
any from your Excellency. All people ^row big now with
expectation of what will be the success of this Spanish campaign
against Portugal, of the great French embassy into England,
and above all of the Duke of York's personal expedition against
the Hollanders, whose princely person and undertaking God
Almighty preserve and prosper. [This letter is almost ideiUical
with one to Bennet in the Harley MSS.y aaid the ndddle part
is ^printed in Lady Fanshavfs memoirs^ p. 300.]
We have good news from Tangier, and hear " that the Saint
is upon the back of Gujrlan with a considerable army. If this
prove true I should think a very good game — as the state of
things may be at home — might suddenly be played there,
nipping and crushing the Hollanders in those seas into the
bargain." Copy. If pp.
LoBD Belasyse to Consul Westcombe.
1665, April 22. Tanger — ^Thanking him for his warning
concerning a design of the Hollanders and saying that if Captain
Wagger can engage their privateers he dare contribute to the
wager that he will come off victorious. Copy by Westcombe.
IJ pp. ITwo other copies in the Tangiers Correspondence.']
Martin Westcombe to Snt Bichakb Fanshaw.
1665 [April 23-]May 3. Cadiz — ^I have received your Lord-
ship's of the 11-21, and humbly thank you for it. Last Friday,
the 1st inst., twelve Dutch men-of-war left this place, avowedly
to accompany their Smyrna ships, but I have sent notice thereof
to Lord Belasyse, in case they should attempt anything against
that garrison or the ships in its port. Here we have only the
Crown frigate and a few merchantmen.
'*As to the Granada oyidor and judge against Don Antonio
Pimentell, our late Governor, his preceding against my Vice-
Consul and one Mr. Sichards, merchant, even to imprisoning
them, I am informed it was because they did not upon
their oath declare the truth of what they knew and acted
with their own hands." A day or two aiter, they and the
judge became very good friends, so all is welL This city
never had a judge Conservador. They are only in Seville
and Malaga. ^^This judge is generally reported to be as
upright a judge as the world affords; prosecutes the whole
truth against the late Governor, and 'tis said will not admit an
untruth against him nor any other if he knows it, not for the
world's treasure."
*' The Saint Banbuquer and his son are fallen out, as I hear,
which now puts a stop to the intended expedition against
Gueland. All well at Tanger two days since, praised be Gbd.
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Tliis is the sad day, my Lord, on which the Earl of TeTiot
and five hundred men with h\m perished, and the like number
on said day in the Lord of Peterborough's time.'*
The Dutch men-of-war are still riding before Eotta. Yester-
day they chased in here an Enp^lish ship, the John, Capt James
Bonnel, from Bilboa, laden with iron. It would be much for
our honour and the safe^ of the English merchant men if
we had eix or eight frigates on this coast. As it is " the DutcJi
crow very much over us."
I assure you there is not a word of truth in what Mr. Cuningam
and his consorts lay to my charge. Mr. Southerland and Mr.
Courtney are ashamed of it, and say they were drawn into it
by others. Mr. Guningam, whom one may term a Spaniard,
thinks of nothing but of engratiating himself with this nation,
and cares not what prejudice he may do to ours. 4 pp.
Endorsed:— ''B^eo^Yed 1-11 ditto."
Alexandeb Southerland to Lionel Fanshaw.
1666 [April 23?-]May 3. Cadiz — ^I have received your
courteous lines of the 21st ultimo, and shall be glad to serve
you . "As to the bad understanding the nation and Consid
[Westcombe] have together, I consider it veiy obnoxious to
all in these times especially, but in reality the Cfonsul is totally
the occasion of it, pretending a power and jurisdiction over all
beyond that of any of his predecessors." He seems now to
be sensible of his errors. "He is a criminal person, and his
place not able to maintain him and his family, except he can
oblige the nation to assist him."
Snt Richard Fanshaw to Lord Belastse, at Tangier.
1665 [April 26-]May 5. Madrid — ^** Having received your
Excellency^, dated at Tanger 15th of the last, I do now upon
more absolute certainty, with the same cordialness as in mine
by the last post, give your Excellency a joyful welcome into
that Government and my neighbourhood, beginning my corres-
pondence with public news that will not displease you.
From Mr. Secretary Benet — ^now Lord Arlington — as foUoweth
of the 6th of the last.* Our news from Guiney is infinitely
much better than we could have expected. Most of our ships
are safely come ofE the coast, and places in a resolution and
condition of holding out, but what is become of De Euyter
we do not yet know.
This same news is a little more explained to me by my brother
Warwick, viz. : — ^We have a good return from Guiney this day,
Cormention [Cormantin] and all safe 18th of December, and
40,000/. in gold and good cargoes.
The Spanish Ambassador, likewise the two from France,
arrived that day.
* Hub letter of Lord Arlinffion's is among the Fanshaw leiien at ihe
British Museum. Harley MSS. 7010, f. 231.
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A good peace and league concluded between, his Majesty and
Sweden.
A very ill understanding at that time between the French
and the Hollanders upon the account of two gresLt frigates built
in Holland for ^e French £ing and detained by the States for
their own service; how far this will be resented by France
more than already it is and what further influence it may have
as to our affairs a little time will show.
The Duke of York at sea with more than eighty great ships
already: difference of opinion, whether the Hollanders will
yenture out or no; if they do a most bloody battle cannot be
avoided. God protect the person of his royal Highness and
prosper his Majesty's cause.
Another clause in my Lord Arlington's letter is as follow-
eth : — ^The rumours you hear of rising and troubles in Scotland
or Ireland have not the least foundation for them. The King
since he came home was never so obeyed everywhere as he is
now, neither was there ever so little discontent appeared. The
whole people of what opinion or interest soever are generally
fond of this war and the vigorous prosecution of it is the most
popular thing the King can pursue. The particulars of this
1 leave to your other correspondents.
Thus far my Lord Arlington, and indeed many particular
friends of mine — ^who have no relation to Court — ^write largely
to the same effect.
Your Excellency's two packets enclosed with your letter to
me, I shall send forward for Jbingland by to-morrow's post, and
advance your wishes of a squa<&on in those parts as much as
lies in me and may stand with his Majesty's service elsewhere
for several reasons, especially in case De Buyter should come up
that way, who I think is dived into the sea."
Postscript. — " My private news is very unsuitable to that of
the public, and will be some grief to your Excellency for the
honour you did the deceased to love him. Upon Easter Day
last in England, God took to himself my most dear and loving
brother, my Lord Fanshaw. To qualify this ^reat loss in some
measure his son — ^now Lord Fanshaw — about the same time was
married to a fair and very exceedingly rich young lady." Copy.
2 pp.
F[ilibbrt] Veenatti to Sm Eichabd Fanshaw.
1665, May 2-12. Port St. Mary — ^Lord Belasyse sent me here
with letters from his Majesty and himself to the Duke of Medina
Celi, and whilst I was here he sent the Crown frigate to this
port, which at the mouth of the bay fought with two Holland's
men-of-war — ^who went out on purpose to meet him — ^forced them
both on shore, and killed the Captain and other officers of one of
them. For this the Dutch have much abused the Captain, and
when he put off to sea he was followed by two Hollanders,
who fired after him. They returned next day with other Dutch
men-of-war and gave out that the frigate haa run away to Tan-
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ger, " and smoe have posted more libels, and sufficiently scandal-
ons, but the Duke of Medina caused them to pull [them] down,
with jn^at threats against the person that put them up, if he
could but find him. ... I yesterday desired the Constd to
go with me to kiss the Duke's hands, who, after he had passed
his compliments to my Lord Belasyse, asked the Consul why the
frieate went away without his license. The Consul answered
he had given the Captain notice of the orders he had received,
but he was the Commander of a man-of-war, and received no
instructions but what came from England. The Duke turned
to me and commanded me to tell the (Jeneral of Tanger that
the Consul proceeded very ill, and that he must proceed against
the Consul, and that if there had been no E[ing in Spain
it was sufficient he was upon this place ; then commanded his
adjutant to put the Consul in the prison, which was done. And
a while after a letter wrote from the Duke to the Governor of
Cadiz, and the Consul sent over, and order given the said
Governor to proceed against the Consul as he should find cause,
so the Governor sent him to the gaol of Cadiz, and immediately
after the Dutch Consul was also brought in to keep him com-
pany, where at present both are. What will be the end I know
not, but it is apparently evident that the Hollanders are more
favoured than the English, and the affections of the Spaniards
in these places are totally for the Dutch." Having been an eye-
witness of all this I thought it my duty to give you an account
thereof. 2\ pp, [There is a copy of this letter in the Spanish
Correspondence, hut it is ealen/lared here at some length as
ex-plaining Westcomh^s letters of this time!]
Mabtin Westcombe to Sir Bichabd Fanshaw.
1666, May [2-] 12. Cadiz — Giving the circumstances of his
own and the Dutch Consul's imprisonment, by order of the
Duke of Medina Celi, stating that his only crime was having
permitted Captain "Wager to depart from the bay without the
Duke's license — as if his Majesty's frigates were at his dis-
posal — and praying his Excellency to acquaint Lord Arlington
with what has happened. 3 pp. {There is a copy of this in
the Spanish Correspondence.']
The Same to the Same.
1665, May [3-] 13. Cadiz — Stating that he is informed by
his fellow-prisoner, the Dutch Consul, that in answer to the
Dutch Admiral the Duke of Medina Celi had declared that he
put the Consuls in prison because the English and Dutch
frigates had gone out, as it was reported to fight ; and marvelling,
if this were a crime, that the Duke himself, with the young
Duke of Alcalla, went out in the expectation of seeing them
fight, as did the Governor of Cadiz, and thousands of people
there and at St. Mary port. 3 pp. [Copy in the Spanish
Correspondence. These two letters are endorsed as received on
the 9-19 May.']
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Lord Belasyse to Snt Bichabd Fanshaw.
1665, May 4. Tanger — ^We are in a more secure and prosper-
ous condition than ever, I having already succeeded '* in rectify-
ing several disorders, dissipating of factions, putting the civil
government into a w ay of settlement and the martial into better
discipline. . . . We did yesterday — ^being the Moors* super-
stitious and our formerly unfortunate day— draw our gamson
into arms," but Ghiyland did not appear. I hear that Benbuker
is advancing towards him with considerable strength. Sir
Bernard de &omme will tell you more of our affairs. His merit
and prudence in settling our fortifications has contributed much
to his Majesty's service and our security. Avtograph.
Postscript, — If you have not yet received an accoimt of Captain
Wager's success against two Holland men-of-war, Sir Bernard
will give it you. 21 pp, [Compare his letter to the King of
the same daie, in the Tcmgiers Correspondence.']
John Bland to Sm Eicha&d Fanshaw.
1666, May 7-17. Port St. Mary— Has been to Sevilla and
other parts on business for Tanger, but is now returning thither.
The Consid of Cadiz is in prison " by the Duke of Medina Celi,
to serve his humour," and the people are much against the
English and in favour of the Dutch, whose part they take on
all occasions. Hearing that Mr. John Yassall, Consid at Malaga,
is dead, he prays for the place, which would be a good second
to his business at Tanger. 2 pp.
Madrid.
1665, May [8-118 — ^Paper concerning the arrangements made
by the town of Madrid for fitting up a platform or balcony
from which the English ambassador may see the " Fiesta de los
Toros.^* Copy. Sparmh. \\ pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Lord Belasyse.
1665, May 9-19. Madrid — Giving an account of the taking
of three Dutch ships by Captain [John] King of the DiamorM
between Yarmouth ana Holland. Copy. 1 p.
Snt BiCHARD Fanshaw to Consul Westcombe.
1665, May 9-19. Madrid — Yours of the 10th came yesterday
to my hands, confirmed by one from Mr. Vematty. " I do not
see what reason the Dutcn or anybody else have to scoff at us
for what you write was lately done by the Cr&wn frigate or the
Commander thereof, Captain Wagger, but if they think they
have it is to be wished they may have such occasion every
day." I am very sorry for what nas befallen you, and shall
do my utmost for you. I have drawn up a memorial for his
Majesty, who has to-day returned from Aranjuez, and sent it
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to the Council of State, and when I hare an answer will
acquaint you speedily therewith. It is reported from Brittany
that the English and Holland's fleet have been seen fighting.
" For the present I give litde credit to this, appealing, as my
author doth, to die next*' I hope you and your good wife will
be of good heart. Copy. 1 J pp.
Joseph Williamson to Sir Bichabb Fanshaw.
1666, May 11. Whitehall — ^My Lord Arlington commands
me to excuse his not writing, "his Lordship, it seems, finding
nothing of business to be worth it. Tuesday last you will see
the French Ambassadors had their public audience in much cere-
mony, being led to it by the Earl of Oxford." We are expecting
our fleet on our own coasts, ** so as our neighbours will then have
one excuse less for not coming out, which it seems they begin
now to be ashamed of, and have much ado to answer to their
people." 1 p.
Intelligence from England.
1665, May 11. London — ^Mrs. Steele has been committed to
the Eing's ^ench for complicity in the murder of one Perkins,
a bailiff. It appears that Mr. Francis Fortescue, Mr. —
Fortescue, Mr. Sneldon and Mr. Dudley — all of the Song's
Guards — ^were the men concerned in it, and that one of the
Fortescues and Mr. Dudley killed him, the other two assisting.
The Bill against the coal merchants and woodmongers is
found, and three of them are to come to their trial next term.
On May 3rd the Grand Jury found the Bill for the murder
of Mr. Hastings against my Lord Morley and Capt. Bremeng-
ham, an ignoranms as to Mr. Mark Trevor.
Hull, May 2nd. — The coasts are full of capers, who cause
much loss. Sixty sail going north were forced into Scarborough
and '^ some about Whitby, where the Dutch fired several guns
into the town."
Edinburgh, April 29. — ^The suspected persons in the west of
Scotland are all disarmed and about twenty seamen seized, two
of which are said to have kept correspondence with the Dutch.
From Ireland we have advice of one Dutch caper taken and
another that escaped by night, but so maimed that it is judged
she could not make a port.
May 6th. — " The Duke of Newcastle came to town, and the
next oay waited on his Majesty to render his humble llianks for
the addition of honour lately conferred on him, which his Majesty
was pleased to accept with such favour as showed not only a
re^rd to his merit, but an affection for his person.''
The King has made Sir John Finch — ^brother to the Solicitor
General — ^Kesident at Leghorn, " a gentleman, whose parts and
travel have rendered him eminently fit for public employment."
Yarmouth, May 6th. — There are many ships in our Boads,
and on May 4th several guns were heard at sea.
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" The Queen Mother is upon her return into France, beini^,
upon advice of her physicians, to take of the waters of Bourbon
for her health."
Mr. Barker has got 1,000?. damages upon an action of battery
against Mr. Percival, Mr. Godfrey and Mr. Wilford, all three
of whom are imprisoned for a month without bail or main-
prize, and to give security for their good behaviour for seven
years. News of the 6th tells us that our fleet, lying north-
west of the Texel, surprized a fleet of Dutch coming from
Scotland. . . . The two men-of-war that were their con-
voy ran first. Eight were taken, seven Bordeaux men
and a West India man of good value. The rest,
about twenty, are pursued by Capt. [Sir Jeremy] Smith
in the Mary, formerly called the Speaker, with other ships,
who we hope will give a good account. Here died by tie
account of the weekly bills nine this last week: Onet at
Woolchurch, one at St. Andrew's; Holbom, three St. Giles
in the Fields and four in St. Clement's Danes, besides spotted
fever six, and yet in the general bill it is decreased forty-one,
for prevention of which the King's Bench Court made an order
requiring and empowering all constables in and about the city
to shut up any house suspected to have the sickness, and to
prohibit persons from conversing with them. The Bang's Bench
Court gave Mrs. Steele her liberty upon bail till the next term.
The Countess of Falmouth is lately delivered of a daughter.
There is no further account given of the German forces
intended for the Netherlands, and it is judged they will not
proceed in their march till the Infanta begins her journey.
That Holland is in great disorder may be easily guessed by the
cause [sic] our fleet still continues to block them up, but give
they out what they will the true reason [is] that they want yet
two thousand men to supply even those ships at the Texel.
" The most of the counties in England have made very con-
siderable progress in raising money for a present supply to his
Majesty upon the security of the royal aid at six per cent., to
which his Majesty adds three per cent, gratuity."
There is no further news from the fleet. 9\ pp.
Endorsed as " received in a letter from Mr. Williamson of the
same date.**
J. Lord Belastse, to Consul Westcombe.
1666, May 12-22. Tanger — Assuring him of the resentment
with which he has heard of his imprisonment, and desiring to
know whether " in relation to the Hollanders and the Duke of
Medina's unkindness " to the English, it would be safe to send
a frigate to Cadiz for the moneys which he urgently needs for
the great arrears of his garrison. Twelve Hollands men-of-war
have sailed before the bay, but durst not come within reach of
the cannon, and now an easterly Levant wind has forced them
back towards Cadiz. Signsd, \ p.
Endorsed: — "Received in Cadiz Sunday morning, the 24th
May, 1666."
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Sib Bichabd Fakshaw to Consul Westoohbe.
1666, May 16-26. Madrid— Enclosed you will find a copy
of my memorial to Ids Catholic Majesty for your liberty, and
also of his answer, ordering your speedy release without security.
I hope to prevent such disturbances for the future. Sir (Jeorge
Downing writes that a part of the English fleet was supposed
to be before the Texel, and that on die 27th ult there was
a great alarum at the Hague and all the beacons at Sckeey-
ling and along the coast were fired, so I presume we shall
soon hear of some action. Copy. 1 p,
Endoiing,
1. The nhave-^nentioned fnemorialy dated May [9-119.
Spanuh. 1 p.
2. Secretary Blanco de Loyola to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1665, May [16-]26-=-3rA« King, my master, having seen
the representation made hy your ExeeUeney eoneeminq the
Consul, Mr. Martin Westeornhe, now hdd prisoner in Cadiz,
has been pleased to determine that he shall he immediately
rdeased, without giving any security. And he has ordered
me to take this opportunity of requesting your Excellency
in his name to give notice to the Captains of his Britannic
Majesties ships to observe pwnctually and carefully the con-
ditions of the peace, as regards entrance into, stay in and
departure from our ports; thai they may not faU in the
respect which they owe to those of his Majesty, nor embarrass
and obstruct the intercourse and free commerce between
friendly nations and this Crown. Spanish. Copy. ^ p.
Maetin Wbstcombb to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1665, May [21-]31. Cadiz — ^I have already thanked you for
your care towards my releasement from the Duke's action. I
hope you will "procure a cedulla that Consuls shall not be
subject to imprisonment for his mere fancy or the pleasure of
Governors, nor for anything but grave matters alleged, and then
not in a common gaol but in places decent to what Consuls
represent." Mr. Nathaniel Marston of Seville died, as it were
suddenly, last week of a dead palsy, " and the Consul of Malaga,
Mr. John Vassall, died in England very lately of a fistula. My
disease, my Lord, I fear me will be only starving, which, well
considered, is a disease bad enough." I made little enough in
time of peace, when ships came to the port, but now " that no
ships have come of a great while and God knows when they
will ** I am at my wits' end. I have written to Lord Arlington
^^to be pleased to purchase a handsome subsistence for me by
one means or other, as all other Consuls have for the honour
of their countries," and I beg your Lordship to send him a
9^. J*
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certificate of what you know of me in reference to liis Majesty's
service.
There are now sixteen or seventeen Dutch ships before Tan-
gier, which, if ten or twelve English frigates were sent, might
De beaten all to pieces. We do not know what mischief they
will do, nor how long they will block up the place. They have
taken several hareos tangos from hence and from Malaga, going
with wine, sheep and other provisions to Tangier.
I am told that the garrison there and the Dutch ships have
exchanged above five hundred pieces, and the Dutch ship St.
Lewis received four great shot in his hull ; also that the Dutch
are resolved " to remain before Tangier until they starve it, that
the Moors may take it from us if they cannot. Praised be God,
Tanger hath above fifteen months' provision." Your Lordship
will see by the letters I send that Lord Belasyse acknowledges
the seasonable advice I gave him of the intentions of the Dutch,
which enabled him to get the great guns down to the water side
and to bring the ships close to the shore, to the chain, when
otherwise they would all have been surprized and taken. 4 pp.
Snt EiCHABD Fanshaw to Lord Bellastse.
1666, June [6-] 16. Madrid — ^Tours to Lord Arlington and
my brother Warwick shall be forwarded to England to-morrow.
I shall always concur with you " so far as may stand with his
Majesty's main design near home, which only himself can posi-
tively judge of, having all before him." I doubt not but the
best will be done for the important place under your command.
" For a whole week at least, till within these two days,
Hollanders' intelligence had sunk lifty of our men-of-war in
one — by them reported — ^battle. That invention failing they
have now shipwrecked of ours perhaps more. For this latter
they have more colour, but — ^I trust in God — ^no more truth."
The enclosed will lay the facts impartially before you. Copy.
I p.
Joseph Williamsoic to Sm Bichard Fanshaw.
1665, June 8. Whitehall — My lord wishes me to say " that
he hopes the enclosed will content you in point of news for one
week. God grant us much more such, though I hope we shall
not have occasion for the wish, so great is the victory God hath
given his Majesty at this blow. The enclosed is a copy of the
letter written on this argument to my Lord Mayor this night,*
and will satisfy your Excellency of the most material circum-
stances of this glorious action. Never was people so transported
with joy as is this city and country universally. His royal
* This fixes the date of the letier to the Lord Mayor, pub to June fSP! in tiie
Cal. S.P. Dom. for 166^1665. / ' r^ l u .. w^
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Higliness is yet on the coast of Holland, and picking up the
stragglers, if any be left. Banker [Vice- Admiral Bancquaert]
of Zealand had his leg shot ofE, which was omitted in the
relation."
Postscript — *^ The fight began off Sole Bay, on our own coast,
with several signal circumstances of God's favour to us, as the
arrival of a hundred and fifty collier ships that very morning
from Newcastle, which filled up our numbers of men ; the safe
arrival of four frigates of ours and a rich merchant fleet from
the Baltic; the advantage of the wind, which turned for us
the very hour we engaged, and stood right all day." 1^ pp.
Viscount Dongan to Sm Bichard Fanshaw.
1666, June [9-] 19. Bayonne — We have been alarmed by
letters sent from Madrid to Victoria to the secretary of the
Franciscan order with news of a great victory got by the
Hollanders, who also reported for certain that Prince Bupert's
squadron were all cut off, but both news have proved false. The
Ihitch fleet has gone to the North Sea to meet De Euder, and
I believe ours is not far from them. " I advertise your Excellency
lest you should be asustared [i.e.y frightened] as I was by the
Hollanders' well-framed stories and the Spaniards' credulity of
the blind man's dreams." Holograph. 2| j>p.
Maetin Westcombb to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1665, June [11-]21. Cadiz — ^I thank your Lordship for yours
of the 9th and the certificate, which I shall keep as an honour
to me and my children after me.
All is well at Tanger. " The Dutch men-of-war are hovering
about the Straits' mouth, sometimes in and so out, to wait for
our merchants ships and for the Crown frigate, Capt. Wagger,
which they heartily endeavour to snap if they can. By the Lord
Belasyse's order, I have settled a post twixt this place and Tan-
ger for letters to go and come every week." The boat comes to
Tarrifa, which confronts Tanger, and from thence the letters
reach me on Saturday or Monday and go on by this day's post
to Madrid and England.
The propio I keep till our post comes on Tuesday and then
despatch him back to Tarrifa, and there our barco longo waits
to carry him over the six leagues to Tanger.
Sir Benj. Wright arrived from Madrid three days since. It
is said the Duke of Avero will go to sea in eight or ten days.
The Admirante General Don Paublos de Contrera was buried
last Thursday. It is believed our present Governor, Don Diego
de Zbarro, will succeed him, "although the Principe Monte-
sarcho be in a fair way for it, but his art at sea is short of
Don Diego's.
" I pray your honour to notice the third article of what the
Dutch Consul wishes to have put in his cedtdla, for it is very
important* I have sometimes been sent for by the Duke to St.
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Hary Port> kept two or three days, and then merely told by Ida
secretary diat the Dnke esteemed my care in coming but had
nothing to say to me, while, all the time, ships and matters of
commerce were urgently needing my assistance, and the Dutch
Consul has been served in the same way.
" A Consul cannot duly execute his charge if he be liable
to any Duke or Governor that may either disturb him upon
design or mere fancy, for I humbly conceive, my Lord, that
Consuls ought to be free and absolute in their ways that are
just and warrantable.
"The Spaniards in these parts promise themselves great
success against the Portugals this summer. El tiempo lo Mra,'^
Three days since about twenty Dutch merchant men set sail
for the north. It is believed they will not venture into the
Channel but will go for Norway. They are mostly laden with
salt. The rich Smyrna men are still here and dare not stir.
Endorsed:— ''Hec. 19-29 ditto."
Sm BiCHARD Fanshawt to Consul Westcombb.
1665, June 13-23. Madrid — Our last news from England
makes us question whether the Dutch fleet will put to sea at
all at present. " The English navy royal, that the Hollanders
might have the less excuse for their not coming out, were all
well upon our own coast on the 4th instant, new style, notwith-
standing those several Dutch reports ... of most of our
fleet being destroyed, sometimes by storm and sometimes by
fight; but we are now so well accustomed to hear such flams
that they find no credit with us." No doubt you know more
about the late Portuguese victory than I do. Draft 1 p.
John Bland to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, June 15. Tanger — ^I thank you for your kind infor-
mation to Lord Bellasis concerning me. I have always found
him very kind since I got to Tanger, " yet I find my being in
Spain at his arrival, which I thought might have been the
better, proved somewhat to my disadvantage." If the Consul-
ship of Malaga be confirmed to me it will not only help my own
affairs here in Tanger but likewise enable me ^ to assist
forwards the public." I can be all the vintage time in Malaga
and the rest of the year in Tanger. " I supposed these things
had been absolutely m your Excellency's disposal, the merchants
there consenting therein. If it must come by my Lord Benitt's
hands I doubt much, because I fear he hath no kindness for me,
because I appeared so much for Sir Francis Bedingfield, whom
it seems, contrary to my knowledge, he had a pique [against],
although what I did therein was merely out of a respect I bore
to my Lord Benitt, but it was not then so taken." I have
written to Mr. Povey to bespeak him the right way and " if it
take, well, if not I shall not be much troubled," but go on with
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what presents itself here. If the soldiery of the Irish party
here bore less sway and would not meddle in other than military
affairs this place would soon render the King profit and commerce
would quickly settle, but so long as '' none mu&t live here but
subject to their ways and power, your Excellency may judge
what encouragement men ol business can find amongst armed
men." For want of seme good frigates the Hollanders much dis- ^
turb this port, as do also the Moors of Guylan's party. "In \
England they are not so sensible as they should of the advan- /
tages of this place, and of what consequence it is to our KingW
glory and honour to have a small navy here." We are in daily
expectation of Guylan and his army towards the settling of a
peace one way or another. 2 pp.
Endorsed as received at Madrid JtUy 6, new style.
Maatin Westcombe to Sir Bichard Fanshaw.
1665, June [18-]28. Cadiz — ^The enclosed came for you yester-
day from Tangier. [Frobably Bland* s letter y above.] "W e hear
that all is well there, and Uiat the Crown frigate has arrived
safely in spite of the endeavours of the Dutch vessels to entrap her
on the way. We are hourly hoping for news of the success of our
encounter with the Dutch in the Channel. '' The Portugal army
about Villa Yiciossa, where our Queen of England was born,
fought a pitched battle with the Spaniards the 17th current,
and after six hours* dispute, from one of the clock at noon, the
Spaniards were totally routed of their whole army with bag and
baggage and guns by the Portugals, which makes this nation
in these parts look very blue upon it."
It is thought that the Duke of Avero, having now little to do,
will take his fleet out of danger of the Turks and wait about the
Southward Cape for the coming of the galleons, which are
expected in Auffust.
It is remarkable *' that Don Paublos de Contrera, Admiranie
General, that was to go and fight against the Portugals, died
the 17th of this, which was the very day the Spaniards were
routed by the Portugals, and we have it here how that very day
the King of Spain was in great danger in his coach, which was
crushed to pieces by some building that fell upon it as his Majesty
was going to some convent to his devotions." , It is said that
Guyland means to conclude a peace with Lord Belasyse. I
doubt not his Lordship will observe the Spanish maxim, en paez
o en guerra, guarda hien tu tierra. I wish some salary could be
procured for me from his Majesty for my better subsistence and
discharge of the duties of my office. I hope also that you will
procure the general cedidla in favour of Consuls, such as the
Dutch ambassador is about to get. It will be of high concern
to his Majesty's affairs, and a means to unite to me all the
affections of his subjects here, if they know that my house is
a sanctuary for protection of their goods and persons in case
of need. 31 pp.
Endorsed:^'' Eeceived 6 July, 66, n.s."
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Sm RicHAKD Fanshaw to Consul Maetin Westoombe.
1665, July 4-14. Madrid — In answer to yours " I formerlv
prepared you to expect nothing but dismal alarms of the Dutch
beating us before our own doors; we had them here in plenty
and for no less than a whole month together, one upon the
neck of another, hardly delivered from mem yet, though the
contrary have come so fully confirmed from all par^, not
excepting Holland itself, and that from hands that wished it
enough otherwise. . . . For my own part, I do not wonder
to find that nation spread these inventions far from home, having
a letter by me from the Hague* which assures me that when
the certain news of all came thither, in an open note of five or
six lines to one of the States, in the midst of a great crowd
of people, he read it to himself, had a guard kept upon the
fellow that brought it," and sent the pink in which he came
from the fleet out to sea again immediately, whereon " a report
ran presently as if they had got the victory, and a note was
put up to one of the ministers there, after the seven o'clock
sermon, to thank God for the same, as he accordingly did and
there was a strange echoing for joy among the people present;
but for all that, within an hour or two after, the truth began
to get out by little and little, turning their joy into mourning ;
this was short and sweet."
A great man of this Court asked me why they spread such
false news. I answered that whatever moved them to it, "it
was a content I did not grudge to an enemy, hurting nobody
but themselves."
You have done very well to warn Lord Bellasyse of the
suspected underhand dealing against Tangier. We must all
be awake to the possibility of surprize or combination and be
able to distinguish our friends from our foes.
I am sorry that your bodily indisposition continues. "If
it were a sickness oi the mind, the contents of the enclosed
for my Lord Bellasyse — ^which therefore I leave unclosed for
your perusal — would cure you." Pray show them to Sir Benjamin
Wrignt, if he is still in CiBwiiz. Copy, 3J pp.
John Westcombe to Sm Bichabd Fanshaw.
1665, July [10-]20. Bayonne — I suppose we shall soon hear
of another fight with the Dutch. Their last beating " hath, it
seems, given great jealousy to this kingdom," and we hear
constant talk of a war with England.
M. Colbert has written to the first president and jurats of
Bordeaux to stay all vessels in the river. " The English frigates
take all the French vessels they meet, pretending them to be
bound for Holland or Zealand." The Dutch report that De
Ruyter has taken seventeen English ships near Barbadoes,
which is as true as many other things they have proclaimed.
" Sir John Lawson much regretted in London, where the sick-
See Downing's letter of June 8. Harley MSS., 7,010.
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nesa increaseth much. There died the last week two hundred
and sixty-seven. God withdraw his heavy hand from them.
It is most about St Giles' and the Long Acre. The Court was
about to remove to Hampton Court" 1 p.
Endorsed:— 'lieceiYed 18-28 ditto."
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo.
1665, July [12-]22. Madrid— Stating that th« chief reason
for his despatch to Lisbon is in regard of the affairs of Don
Francisco de Alaryon [Conde de Torres Vedras], now a prisoner
in the Tower of Belem, but that he does not intercede with his
Excellency in that behalf, believing that his wife's application
to Donna Mariana — ^to which she is urged by the unhappy
mother of the Count — will be still more effectual. Draft.
Spanish. 1 p.
Sm BiCHA&D Fanshaw to Don Anelo de Gusman.
1665, July [12-]22. Madrid — Expressing pleasure at hearing
that he is well, and assuring him of the continuance of his
efforts to procure his release. Spanish, Draft. \ p.
Consul Martin Westcombe to Sm Eichabd Fanshaw.
1665, July [16-]26. Cadiz — Three or four Dutch ships of war
of the old squadron are careening at Puntall. The rest are
about the Straits' mouth and Malaga, watching for Captain
Wager in the Crovm, and some Smyrna ships. '" God send us a
dozen English frigates upon this coast and then all these Dutch
men-of-war, which are poorly manned and victualled, will
vanish away and leave us masters of these seas also, and we
shall be free of a most Iving nation." Letters from London
tell us that the sickness increases and that a hundred odd had
died that week of the plague. The report has come to the
Spaniards, who have sat in Cabildo about it. ''This nation
needs but a feather for a subject to debar us from any commerce
with Tangier, to gratify Guiland's desires," and it would be
well for that garrison not to depend upon us here for provisions.
2ipp.
Sra BicHABD Fanshaw to Consul Westcombe.
1665, July 18-28. Madrid — ^The contents of your last are so
material that I shall send a copy to England. We have heard
nothing certain thence since I wrote to you, save that a squadron
of Dutch men-of-war " was gone to the north for securing their
adventures that way, and Prince Rupert, not ill attended, in
the rear of them. . . . The Hollanders give out they will
come suddenly forth with a fleet more numerous than their last,
to expect which — according to computation — his Royal Highness
with another more numerous djid strong than his last is before
the date hereof before their ports the third time, and conse-
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quently, if they sallied, the second blow struck. God preserve
kis princely person" and send us success.
FostscripL — '*We hear to our great grief ihat Sir John
Lawson is dead of his hurt received in the battle." Copy.
Sib Thomas Ingram to Sib Eichabd Fanshaw.
[1G]65, July 28. Hampton Court — ^Praying him to forward
a packet to Lord Bellasyse containing orders of importance,
and wishing him all happiness and a safe return. Seal, with
device. \ p. Endorsed as received 2 November, s.n.
Sib Bichabd Fanshaw to Lobd Belasyse.
1665, August 1-11. Madrid — ^I have received yours,* telling
me of the liing of Portugal's most generous present, sent upon
the report that you were besieged both by sea and land.
Letters from the Hague t tell me that the Hollanders brag much
that they have blocked you up; and also ''that they have
endeavoui^ed all they can to msdce the world believe their loss
by our late victory upon them to be very inconsiderable, yet
now at last they universally acknowledge that they were
beaten, and that most shametully." The officers at the Texel
have declared that John Everson — ^who was so much abused
at his coining ashore — '' behaved himself in the fight, no man
better, yet as to satisfaction for throwing him into the water
and the like, he is like to get none. Both he and Trump,
especially the latter, are discontented with Ue Witt and the
rest of the Estates' deputies at the Texell," and the Admiralty
of Amsterdam has complained to the Estates General that they
take too much upon them. There have been mutinies on
several of the ships and in various parts of the country '' when
the drums beat for men in the name of the Estates, without
mentioning the Prince of Orange." They are trying to get
their fleet together again, but men come in slowly and there is
great animosity between the marine soldiers and the seamen
'touching their behaviour in the fight, the first being now
observed to have but little courage to the business, more than
what they have from brandy- wine." They had not yet pitched
upon their Commander-in-Chief, having lost their best men in
this fight. John Bancker of Zeeland has died of his wounds.
Their loss of officers and men is thought to be more irreparable
than that of their ships.
Adrian Bancker went out with twenty ships, but has returned
without doing anything. De liuyter's wife had received a letter
from him from Martinique, telling her that he had nine men
killed and twenty-two wounded on his own ship at the Barba-
does. It is acknowledged that he has not taken Cape Coreo
[Corfo], nor is anything said of his having taken Cormantine.
Three Captains have been condemned to be shot at the Texel,
•Lord Belasyse'B letter U in Harley MSS., 7,010 (f. 32§). iSee Downing't l&tten.
Joid.
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and three or four others to be punished^ '* such as had but few
friends."
My last letters from England said that the fleet was putting
to sea, the Royal Sovereign carrying a hundred and six brass
guns and being commanded by Six Jeremy Smith. His
Majesty has ''with much ado prevailed with his Boyal High-
ness to stay at home this time, as Prince Bupert doth also."*
The three squadrons are commanded by Lord Sandwich, Sir
William Penn and Sir Thos. Allin. Copy. 4| pp.
Sia BicHARP Fanshaw to Consul Westcombb.
1665, August 8-18. Madrid — ^Thanking him for his news
and stating that it will be of little purpose to prohibit the
merchants in London from writing to their factors in Spain
concerning the sickness unless the bills of mortality are sup-
pressed, and the Spanish ambassador and resident in England
and their followers persuaded not to write thereof. Copy. 1 p.
Sm BicHABD Fanshaw to Snt Geobge Downing.
1665, August 9-19. Madrid-:^We here have had as many
reports of victories by the Dutch as you havo had of the blocking
up of Tangier, the truth of all which '' will give them as little
cause to brag as to rejoice, imless ... to come alive off,
though lame, [is} a matter of jubilee.'* The last news from Tangier
was good. Guyland was said to have drawn near the garrison,
sending a present to Lord Belasyse '' with other shows of desiring
peace." 1 hear that the Duke of Beaufort is or soon will be
upon tlie coast of Andalusia, bringing French mariners to supply
the Dutch ships about Cadiz, but of this last " I do make a very
great question.'' The galleons arrived at St. Lucar have brought
about eighteen millions of plate. The patache Margarita from
the pean coast was carried off by the Argereens after small
dispute. "What was become of the Spaniards' twenty saQ of
men-of-war under the command of the Duke of Avero no man
there then knew." The French fleet was then said to be about
the Straits' mouth. " The Palace here talks aloud of the Em-
press beginning her journey by all means the next month, but
the Court looks upon the variableness that is in the circum-
stances of her conveyance as no si^n at all of any such haste,
and upon this occasion a hundred political surmises are whispered
abroaa."t Draft. 2 pp.
LoED Belasyse to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1665, August 10-20. Tanger — I enclose a relation of what
has passed between us, the Hollanders, and those of Algeres,
who brought in the Spanish prize. I have defended and secured
what remained of her cargo, " yet I confess 'tis a little against
my conscience to contribute to serve Turks against Christians,"
although I am obliged to do it to preserve peace with those
* See Arluigion*6 letter of July 6(h. Hurley MSS., 7,010. t Gompu^ letter to
Arlington. Aid.
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people. Guyland has sent me a present of fresh provisions and
overtures tending to a peace. He is so "hard put to his
defence against the armies of Ben Bowcar and the King of
Taffaletta, an African prince beyond Morocco, his neighbour
and ally ... as he may soon lose all his holds, for -^cassar
and Arsilli cannot defend themselves if he quit the field, and
Sally and Tituan will revolt from him most certainly when
Benbowcar is master of the campania." We are in a very good
condition here. I pray you to send the enclosed to Lord
Arlington safely, as it is of importance. Holograph. 2^ pp.
[The enclosure to Lord Arlington is in the Tangier s Corres-
pondenee, and also an extroM^t from the dbove^
-Sfwior^e^:—" Received 21-31 ditto."
William Scowen to Sm Bicuabd Fanshaw.
1665, August 16. Molynick — Renewing his request that
"the habit of knighthood ia Spain" may be procured for
his kinsman, and referring to a letter written by the late Lord
Fanshaw to Sir Richard in this behalf, sent by a vessel which
was blown up at sea. 1 p. Seal of arms.
Endorsed: — "Received 14-24 November, 65."
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Lobd Holles.
1665, August 16-26. Madrid — Lord Dongan left this Court
on the 6th of June for England, by way of France, with Sir
Bernard de Gomme and Captain Carr, but I have heard nothing
of them since they passed Bordeaux. Sir Hugh Cholmely
reports that Tanger is in an excellent condition. Guylan is
said to be busy attending the saint, Cidi Abdaly, who has
reduced Fesse [Fez] and has joined'^ the King of Tafeletts,
as report goes, against Guylan. A letter from Alicante
tells us that the JDuke of Beaufort lies hovering about the
islands of Majorca and is thought to have some design against
them. " The same letter adviseth that the said Duke met
with the three Sardenia galleys that carried the Marques
de Camarassa {Viceroy of Sardema and grandee of Spain), from
whom he demanded a salute, as conceived, to the flag, but the
Prince Lodovicio, General of the Sardenia galleys, answered
that he also bore his flag and expected the same ceremony;
but it was replied that it was for the Duke's royal person and
not the flag, so the Prince saluted him and the other answered,
and both passed without other dispute. This a gloss, which,
it seems, som£ in those parts jjtd upon that action, but the truth
is the Duke forced the Spanish Viceroy and General to give
the first salute to the standard of France, the which is very
much — ^inwardly at least — ^resented by this Court, the articles
between the two Crowns providing that meeting in French
seas the Spaniards shall salute first and in Spanish seas the
French." \The words in italics are added in Fanshatc^s own
hand.'] 2 pp. Draft,
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Laueence Brady.
1665 [August 22-] September 1. Madrid — Pass from Sir
Bichard Fanshaw for Laurence Brady, Irishman, to return to
Ireland. Two copies^ in English and in Spanish, \ p. eaxh.
TOBLAGH MOBPHT.
1665 [August 22-]September 1. Madrid — ^A like pass for
Torlagh Morphy. Draft, \ p.
Annexed^
Petition of Torlagh Morphy to he allowed to pa^s to
Ireland, he hamng served his Majesty in his frigates at
Brest and St. Sebastian the space of five years, in which
service he has lost his right hand, 1 p,
CONDE DE CaSTELMELHOB tO SiB BlCHABB FaNSHAW.
1665 [August 26-] September 5-:^oined to my rejoicings
over the glorious victory which God has been pleased to give
to the arms of the King my master and to my pleasure at
receiving good tidings from your Excellency, there is the pain
of not being able to execute your commands, but the matter
in question having been referred to the Ministros de letras,
no others are free to meddle therein. Tour intercession how-
ever has such power with his Majesty that he has given Don
Francisco d'Alar9on permission to write the note enclosed. The
Secretary of State tells me that he is writing to you with full
details, from a repetition of which I hold myself excused. I
enclose a narrative of the late victory. It is a great satisfaction
to me that our army has been so powerful during the two years
in which I have had the management of affairs, and I trust
that it may be the same in the future. All is being done for
the Marques de Liche and Don Anello de Guzman which the
good of the state permits.
Postscript, — Don Francisco must send his letter to the Mar-
ques de Caragena. Portuguese, If pp.
Antonio de Soxjsa de Macedd to Sib Bichabd Fanshaw.
1665 [August 26-] September 5. Lisbon — Your letter of July
22 \_see p, 199, ahove\ gratifies me with the news of your
health and your kind remembrance of me. The business
of Don Francisco d'Alargon, as soon as it came* to this
Court, was referred to the Ministros de letraSy to whom it
belongs. They must proceed conformably to the laws, and in
matters which may be said to belong to tne public his Majesty
is accustomed to leave things to run their ordinary course, with-
out using his royal power. But to show what weight is attached
to your intercession, he has given orders that Don Francisco
may send home tidings of his health and may use any clothes
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or money conyeyed to liim from thence. I may add as a friend
that he would probably be allowed to receive letters also, under
proper restrictions. Portuffuese. 1} pp.
Donna Mabiana Lemercieb to Lady Fanshaw.
1665 [August 28-] September 7. Lisbon — ^I cannot express
the pleasure which it has given me to receive tidings of you
and your daughters, and to know that I still have a place in
your remembrance. By this kindness you put me under fresh
obligation, although it may seem impossible to add to the many
favours which I have received from you. As regards the business
of Don Francisco de Alar^on, I have used all my influence with
Antonio de Sousa according to your desire, considering the
cause which his country and his wife have to be overcome with
grief. We women are apt to give more weight to feelings
of pity than to reasons of state, but I have found Antonio de
Sousa very wishful to do anything which his service to the
King permits, and he will not fail to act if opportunity offers.
Portuguese, 1 p.
Endorsed in Spanish hy Fanshaw ; — "From the wife of the
Secretary of State, Antonio de Sousa de Macedo, to my wife."
Don Juan Ximeno de Bouorques.
1665 [August 28-] September 7. Madrid — ^Pass from Sir
Richard Fanshaw for Captain Don Juan Ximeno de Bohor-
ques. Knight of the Order of Calatrava, with his servants,
to KO to England. Draft 1 p.
Annexed^
A long undated paper by Dan Juan Ximeno about his
affairs, 4 pp. Spanish,
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Consul Westcoicbe.
1665 [August 29-] September 8. Madrid — ^I thank you for
your letter and the enclosed papers and am particularly glad
to have the note concerning the privileges of consuls.
" Our last letters from the north assure us that De Ruyter
hath gone home, creeping safe through all our wutches, and
was immediately chosen to command the Holland fleet, the
which, by all probable computation and some confident letters
of advice likewise, hath been now a matter of nine weeks at sea
CO the number of between ninety and a hundred ships, so that
by the next we may in likelihood have the success of a second
battle, suitable, if God pleases, to the former, and till then
I forbear writing to my Lord Bela^iyse.
** For news here, Don Luis de Oyanguren is dead, regretted
as may seem by many, and [by] all accounted a very able
minister." Draft, IJ pp,
• See Downing'ft letter of August 3rd. Harley MSS., 7,010. t See FaiMhaw*!
letter to Arlington of Sept. 7th, N.S. Ibid,
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SlE BlCHASB FaNSHAW tO LOBD AbLINGTON. •
1665, September 7-17. Madrid — ^AnnoTmcinff the death,
between four and five in the morning, of his Camolic Majesty
Philip lY., with the steps taken immediately afterwards, and
the contents of his will. 2J pp. Copy. \The original of
this letter is in the Spanish Correspondence^ under aate.l^
King of SpACf .
1665, September [7-] 17. Madrid — " Papers of relation of Ae
King of Spain's death,'' being a repetition in Spanish of the
above, with the addition of a clause that his Majesty is said
to have declared that he had a natural son by a young lady
of noble birth and high degree — ^whom he did not name — ^when
he was a widower, and that this son was about eighteen years
of age. Spanish. If pp.
LoBD AjtLiNGTOir to CoNSUL Wbstoombb.
1665, September 11. Sarum — ^I have commanded Bobin Lye
from time to time to answer your letters. I have not yet been
able to do what I desire as to " establishing you a convenient
subsistence, in recompense of the many gooa services you have
always rendered his Majesty," but I hope to content you with
all speed, and shall likewise take care tnat the merchants both
pay you what consulage they ought and carry themselves towards
you as becomes your character. I have written to my Lord
Ambassador at Madrid, telling him to receive your complaints
and see you righted, "and that not being effectual to your
satisfaction, then to send hither the names of those which have
slighted and abused you, upon which they shall see that his
Majesty's arm is long enough to reach them wherever they are,"
Bobert Lye is going to Ireland on my own business and is like
to stay there sotuo time, so in future direct your letters to me
and I will take care that they are duly answered. Copy. 1 p.
Earl of Bath to Sib Richabd Faxshaw.
1665, September 18. Fort of Plymouth — ^I take this occasion
of presenting an earnest request on behalf of Don Juan Scawen
of Cadiz, who was bom of an English father, of the family
of Mr. William Scawen of Molinnick, co. Cornwall, well known
to me " to be of an ancient descent of gentry and allied to most
of the gentlemen and worthy families of the county. The father
of this Don Juan was a long time Consul for the English at
Cadiz and well reported of by our nation," and his son desires
so far to ingratiate himself with the King of Spain as to receive
the honour of knighthood from him, in which matter I beg
your favourable assistance. I have been commanded by his
Majesty into Cornwall, in order to the securing of the peac^
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of the county and am now at my government here, I shall
return to Court in about a fortnight Signed, Seal of arms,
with coronet. 1 p.
LoBD Belastse to Sib Richard Fanshaw.
1665, September 26. Tanger — As to the prize ship defended
here from the Hollanders, those of Algeires have sent demand-
ing an account of the cargo, and charging me with double
what was preserved, "rather as a factor of theirs than as a
person of condition who hath obliged them in the securing
the goods from many difficulties; first, from the enemy and
after from the fury of a Levant wind which ran that ship
upon the rocks . . . and then from the Turks themselves
and from my own people, who endeavoured to plunder what
they could get, besides great quantities of goods stolen and
conveyed into Spain by the merchants here, notwithstanding
my strict proclamation to the contrary, so as in truth, without
my authonty and personal toil, very little had been saved/' Yet
they refuse to gratify my officers and are unwilling to pay the
charges, which — ^together with your advice — ^has made me sus-
pend permission to them to sell the goods here. They have re-
turned to Tituan for further orders, and meanwhile I should be
glad to have such orders from England as might justify my
allowing the Spaniards, rather than these enemies to Christians,
to have the advantages of what remains. But if no orders
come and the Turks return with reasonable satisfaction, I fear
it would be unsafe to refuse them the goods.
The Spanish Governors are very severe to us, and at Malaga
and Tariffe have shot at the Crovm and our barco longo,
refusing all pratique and not even allowing us to receive our
letters. I pray you if possible to procure orders to the Governor
of Tariffe to allow this last, " we being, I thank God, not only
free from all pestilential diseases, but so careful to preserve
ourselves as I have made commissioners for health, and appointed
a Lazaretta, and no ships from England shall have pratique
with us but in landing provisions for the garrison."
We hope soon to hear of a second victory in the north, of
the diminution of the sickness and the arrival of supplies. The
Crown frigate has sailed for England with Sir H. Cholmley
and about fifty disabled soldiers. She has by this I hope
safely passed the Hollands fleet, which is watching for her out-
side our bay. Holograph. 4 fp.
Endorsed:— '' "Received 16-26 October."
Snt RicHAED Fanshaw to Consul Westoombe.
1666 [September 26-]October G. Madrid— I thank you for
vour letter, and especially for the good news of Col. Bellasyse
being free. I should lik§ to know upon what terms, whether
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by exchange or otherwise, and also to hear how they proceed
against the Dutch Consul.
^^That news you had from Dunkerque could not at that
tiine be true, but presuming the two fleets have long before
this time met and fought, I hope it will not be long before
we have the certainty of as good news as that womd have
been if true,
"What we have here at present is only that preparation
is making for the proclamation of the young fcng upon
Thursday next/' 1 p.
Consul M. Westoombe to Sm Richabd Fanshaw.
1665, October [1-]11. Cadiz— The English ketch laden
with French wines, which was robbed and seized in the bay
by a Dutch man-of-war, has been offered back to me by the
Dutch Commandant of the squadron, but she is in such a
sad condition (much of the wine having been taken away and
most of the casks broken or vented) that I have refused to
take her without further compensation.
I fiend you a letter received from Mr. Robert Downe, a
captive at Tetuan, whose account is confirmed by other trust-
worthy evidence. The Duke of Medina Celi is doing his
utmost to destroy Tangier, and it is certain that the Spaniards
have an absolute peace with Queland. Although the Moors
sometimes take Spanish boats and keep the men as slaves, yet
this is done with the connivance of the Duke in order to
delude the world, and also to punish boatmen who have
carried provisions to Tangier. It is in order to prevent pro-
visions being thus taken that the prohibition of intercourse
with Tangier has been issued, though done under pretence
of the plague.
I also send copies of the letters exchanged between the
Governor of fhe city and the Dutch Commandant about the
ketch, but his saying that he offered her to me as she was
taken is against all truth.
Enelosmgj
1. Robert Downe to Consul Westeombe.
1665, September 22. Tituan — The TurTcs, who have been
to Tanger about selling the goods of the galleon^ report thaJt
there is great want of provisions there, and three English
soldiers who have run away from thence say the same thing,
but neither Mr, Wilson nor Mr. Jones mention it in their
letters.
There arrived here yesterday from Arzeda (where Gue-
land myites his abode), a Spaniard, whom the Duke of
Medina of Port sent to the said Oudand with eight thousand
pieces of eight and a letter from, the King of Spain,
promising him munitions of war against the English. I
send the enclosed to advise my Lord at Tamger of this
and also of what passes her^ about my liberty, ^* which
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some time I hate and soms time I have notJ* I hope to
hear from you by the Armenian^y David Jacob, 1 p.
2. The above-mentioned letters from the Commander of
the Dutch fleet, Don Juan Gidienson Vurbureh (September
8, n.s.Jf and the Governor of Cadiz, Don Martin de Sayas
Vazan (September 18 and October 6, n.s,), concerning the
English ship taken by the Dutch. Spanish. Copies.
A\ pp.
Monsieur de Peemont to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, October [7-] 17. Parifl — ^I would gladly have written
to you at once on my arriyal in France, but your Excellency
knows by experience tbat one cannot do just what one likes ia
this world. 1 have now to acquaint you that a vessel named
the Fortune, bound from Rochelle for Cadiz, has been taken
and carried in to Galicia by a Biscay ship. In her there was
a certain Changuion, now kept prisoner at Pontevedra, who
was goinjg as valet to the Lord of Tanger, who introduced
us to each other, and I know is well loved by you. I beg yon
to get the man set at liberty and that he may have hia goods
restored to him, especially a case of guns, pistols and books
which he was taking from me to his master, that the latter
might enjoy the diversions of the chase and of reading. If
you can bnng them together, you will oblige both the master
and the man. "Songez y Monseigneur, je vous en conjure,
pour r amour de ce Milord et de cet autre Anglois qui devint
\m jour amoureux a la priere de Madame I'Ambassacfrice de la
Signora Silva da Gloria. Pour moy, je me contenteray de
rhonneur d'estre dans vostre souvenir et dans la memoire de
Madame vostre f emme et de Mesdemoi^elles vos filles, et surtout
de celle a qui Ton avoit donn6 pour gouvemeur cet Anglois
amoureux dont je viens de parler. Je m'imagine, Monseigneur,
qu *il n'i a rien de si obscur pour vous dans Luis de la Camoens
que cette lettre, aussi me flatai je de Tesperence que lors que
vostre Excellence en aurra trouv^ le sens, qu'elle y prendra
quelque plaisir par celuy qu 'elle prendra a obliger un aussi
gallant homme qu'est le Milord dont il s'agit." French,
CONSTJL WeSTCOMBE tO SiR RiCHARD PaNSHAW.
1665, October [8-] 18. Cadiz — ^I have this morning written
to you in Spanish concerning the ketch of wines taken from
us by the Dutch. If no pressing order comes from Madrid, I
fear those here will delay to do justice to us.
The Duke of Avero, with his squadron and four prizes, Dutch,
Hamburger, Italian and Portuguese, arrived yesterday, "and
the Duke permits no man to saltar en tierra until he hears
from Madrid whether he is to stay here or proceed.*'
A French ship has arrived in the bay "from the city where
Gonsiil Maynard lives" [Lisbon], and brings letters from the
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Englisli merchants there, Btatinff that a merchant ship, called
the Royal Catherine, Caption Jwn Shaw, arrived there at the
end of September from Plymonth, having made the voyage
in twelve days, and bronght news that our fleet had totidfy
routed the Dutch.^y*^God send it true.**
Here is another French ship arrived from Rochelle in twelve
days, and she reports that there was no news there of any
fight.
" Col. John Belasyse made his escape, but it was by private
consent of his Captain, who had two or three pieces of eight
for his connivance. He is now at Tanger. . . • T^at
garrison much wants an open commerce with Spain, who do us
much injury, who without any reason deny it us merely upon
a report of pest, which, God be thanked, is no more than wnat
their own tonnes have raised, the better to achieve with Que-
land their designs against Tanger.**
The Dutch men-of-war continue to sell all their English
prizes, and the Spaniards use no diligence to execute his
Catholic Majesty's eeduUas, prohibiting such sales. 3 pp.
Endoiinff,
1. Consvl WeHeombe to Sir Richard Fanthaw,
1665 [8-] 18 — Concerning the English ketch or hallandra
of French wines taken hy the Dutch. Spanish. 2 pp.
2. Protest of the Dutch Constd against Westconwe and
his reply thereto. Spanish. 4 pp.
LoED Belasyse to Sm Bichabd Fanshaw.
1665, October 10-20. Tanger — ^I last night received yours
of the 17th and 22nd September, new style, and thank you
for your relation concerning tike change of Government
occasioned by the death of his Catholic Majesty in Spain. I
have told you what has passed concerning the patache Ma/rgarita,
wherein I am delaying as much as possible in hopes of direction
from England. "I confess it is a very uneasy thing to find
the employment of this place encumbered with the protection
I am lorced to give the Turks' ships, and prizes taken from
the Christians here, having lately another accident happened,
wherein I am forced to employ my utmost skill now to
behave myself on the one side lest any succeeding breach
of peace should be imputed to me by the Al^rines, if I deny
what their articles allow — ^in the interpretation whereof they
are over partial to themselves — ^and on the other side lest our
Christian neighbours, and even his Majesty's own subjects who
are concerned, should have just cause of complaint against us.*' .
Four days ago, some Algerines brought in a supposed French
prize, but from the oath of the captain, an Irishman, who
died of his wounds within twelve hours, I have treason to
suppose she was Irish, and only shewed the French flag to
defend herself from the Hollanders. I have therefore ordered
the Turks to take her on to Algeire, where th,e English Consul
2^, K
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will lay claim on behalf of the owners, I having sent to him
the attestation of the deceased captain.
Your Excellency's intelligence of Quylan's defeat and being
slain is not true. The last we had reports him to be &t Salley,
and no way inclined to a peace with us, being courted by the
Duke de Medina Celi and the Hollanders to the contrary, who,
though managed very secretly, do I am confident lay many
designs to engage him to attack or distress us, which, were
it not for Benbucar's diversion, we should hear more of ; though
no ways apprehended by me as of dangerous consequence to this
place by any open acts of hostility either by land or sea,
we being, I thank God, in a condition resolvea and powerful
to oppose any such attempts. And if our friends in England
be so just and kind to us as to send by strong convoys our long
expected supplies of provisions, with recruits of men and money,
1 shall not doubt but to give his Majesty a good account of
his service here, and that the place will every day grow more
important by the vigorous prosecution we make in uie Mould,
fortifications, civil justice and government, as well ad regulation
of the military, and notwithstanding the severe proclamations
from Spain against pratique with us, their boats do daily steal
refreshments to us, nowever, I desire your Excellency to con-
tinue your complaints against the severity which is exercised
by the several Governors of Malaga, Tarifa and Cadiz, &c.,
whereby when it pleases God the sickness in England abates,
orders may be procured from the Court of Madrid to open a
ocrrespondency with us again, though I assure you those very
ports are not more strict than myself in denying access to
English vessels, of which there are some now on quarantine in
the bay. There is a report here that our fleet has gained a
second victory over the Dutch, greater than the former. 3 pp,
[Last sentence only in Lord Bdasyse^s own hand J]
Endorsed:* — ^'^ Received with one from Consul Westcombe
2 November, s.n. Answered 3 ditto."
LoBD Belasyse to Sib Richaed Fakshaw.
1665, October 12-22. Tanger— I beg you to forward the
enclosed as safely and speedily as you can. It is of great
importance, advising the arrival of a fleet from Plymouth,
consisting only of sixteen merchantmen, one of the two
frigates which convoyed them being gone to Salee, and
the other, as we believe, taken by the Hollanders, together
with two of the provision ships and one Bound for Smyrna,
richly laden. A more acceptable piece of news is that a squadron
of our ships met with the Holland fleet going home from Bergen,
and took ten men-of-war, two large and rich East Indiamen,
and twenty other merchant ships. Signed, 1^ pp, [The
enclosed letter (to Arlington) is in the Tangier s Correspondence,']
Received at the same tirr^ q,s the preceding.
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Consul Westcombe to William Coventet.
1665, October [13-]23. Cadiz— An English ship's boat baa
jnst brought in eighteen mariners belonging to the victuallers
bound for Tanger, who were all taken yesterday, to the number
of about twenty, by nine Hollands men-of-war within three
leagues of Tanger. His Majesty's frigate, the Merlin, is also
taken. The want of these ships will be a sad loss to Tanger,
and unless provisions are sent to it under safe convoy with all
imaginable haste, the garrison will be exposed as a prey to the
enemy. For God's sake let these things be taken into serious
consideration, in order to the preserving "that incomparable
jewel of Tanger." 1 p. Copy by Westcombe.
Consul Wbstoombb to Lord Ambassador FANSHAve.
1665, October [15.]25. Cadiz— States that the Dutch Con-
sul is still in prison in the common gaol, and that the com-
missary Gilberto Melee, a Dutchman, who fits out the Dutch
men-of-war and disposes of the prizes taken from the English,
is also clapt up at St. Mary Port. Has presented a petition
to the General about the Fidelity, John Stafford, commander,
*' as being unjustly taken as [nc] by a hareo lungo, which by a
eedtdla of his Catholic Majesty neither English nor Dutch
cannot build, buy nor set out as men-of-war, nor any other
embarcation of this kingdom." The rumour of the taking of
twenty English ships by the Dutch near Tangier proves false,
as they have taken only four or five, amongst which is the
Merlin, whose commander, Captain Charles Howard, "behaved
himself bravely with his twelve guns." 2\ pp.
Enelonng,
Captain Charles Boward to Consid Westcombe.
1665, October 14. Aboard the St. Charles — Annotmeing
the capture of himself and his ship, the Merlin, by the
Dutch after five or six hours* dispute, whilst he was defend-
ing the metualling ships going for Tangier. Copy, 1 p.
Giles Woodv^ard to Sm Bichard FANSHAve.
1666, October [18-]27. Malagar—Acknowledging his Ex-
cellency*8 letter of 20ih current, and stating that the news of
the English victory has so cast down the Holland merchants
that they are ashamed to walk the streets. Hopes it may
work some alteration in the cross-grained disposition of their
crabbed Governor, who refuses to admit English ships, not-
withstanding the orders sent to him. 1 p.
Captain Edkond Farrell.
1666 [October 30-]November 9. Madrid— Pass from Sir
Richard Fanshaw for Captain Edmond Farrell, Irishman, aged
N8
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about thirty-four years, to return to his own country, either
directly or by way of England. 1 p. Copy,
BoBEBT DowNE to his oousin, CSonsxtl Westoombb.
1665, November 4. Tituan— I embrace this opportunity of
writing to you by a gentleman, taken in coming from your port
to Tanger about fourteen months past, who has now ransomed
himself for eleven hundred pieces of eight.
" Gilan hath been out of Aicazer above this month to wait
on the King of Tafalett, who is come down the second time
upon him, and hath fired and destroyed all the stately gardens
and vineyards about Fez," taking divers castles and killing
about fifty of the chief est horsemen and many ordinary soldiers.
It is said that the saint Benbucker is newly come against the
said King, and has put his son Abdalle into Fez while he goes
to look firfter him. f p.
Sm RicHABD Fanshaw to Consul Westoombb,
1665, November 7-17. Madrid — ^Informing him that the
sickness in England is so much decreased that he hopes it will
soon be extinguished ; and that the Bishop of Munster goes on
prosperously against the Hollanders. Copy. J p.
The Canary Company to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1665, November 13. Putney — ^Having been told by Mr,
Thomas Qoddard of your Excellency's readiness to own our
concerns in the Court of Spain, we are emboldened to trouble
you again, being assured that we need not prescribe to you
"the most proper way to chastise the ringleaders of the
Islanders that oppose us, whereby the whole rabble of them
may be reduced to consider their owi^ interest and incline to
an amicable conformity with us in the commprce." , His MajesW
has sent for two of our nation from Tenerif e, " who have with
open face encouraged the said islanders in their mutinous pro-
ceedings, to answer the same at the Council Board,'' and we
doubt not that they will be reduced to obedience. Signed by
Sir Arthur Ingram, governor, John Turner, deputy, Nicholas
Warren, John Paige, Robert Belin, Will. Maskelyne. 1\ pp.
Lord Belasyse to Snt Richard Fanshaw.
1666, November 13-23. Tanger — ^I have received yours
with the enclosed from Lord Arlington, and shall observe his
Majesty's commands about the patache Santa Margarita. The
King of Portugal has agreed that all vessels going hence shall
have free admittance to his ports, upon my certificate that this
place is in good health, and has likewise given order to the
(Governor of Algarvie to furnish us with what that kingdon^
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affords. " It seems strange that our neighbours of Spain shoiild
be so rigorous as not only to deny pratique and correspondency
with this place, which is in as good health as any part of
that kingdom, but also refuse to admit those ships which
have not been at London these six months, and have already
performed one quarantine in this port, upon a second quarantine
to be kept in Spain; a thing tiiat Italy itself, which is the
strictest place in the world, in the case of health, does not
deny."
Our enemies show themselves much in the fields, *' being
about to till their grounds, as we imagine. What their number
or design is, or whether Guylan be tnere in person, we cannot
certainly sav, but, however, we are in a readiness for all occa-
fiions, wanting for nothing, thanks be to God." I have just
received your welcome news of the abatement of the sickness,
which Qod grant may utterly vanish by the cold season. 2 pp,
[Last sentence only in Lord Bdasyse^s ovm handwrUingJl
Giles Woodwabd to Sie Kichabd Fakshaw.
1665, November [14-]24. Malaga — Complaining of his
imprisonment by the Governor, in consequence of the presence
of a certain ** fish ship," which *' doth so exasperate this little
man" that he will probably proceed to further extremities
unless prevented. 1^ pp.
Snt BicHAED Fanshaw to Consul Westcohbe.
1666 [November 28-] December 8. Madrid — ^I cannot tell
what more to say as to your differences with our merchants
until I have your answer to my last; but if they continue,
you might do well to petition the King, our master, '' by some
clear act of state to settle certain points that are too often
controverted between consuls and merchants in all places where
I have been; and certain I am that if I were in England
present at such a debate, I would take more than a little pains
it might receive a final determination. ... As to the
matter of those ministers' partiality to the Hollanders, with
other hard measure to our nation, my complaints to this Court
continue almost as constant as the occasions they give for them,
of which also I believe they hear some measure from their
superiors, so as to make them, if not more conscientious of his
Catholic Majesty's scedvlaSy yet more cautious in what manner
they break them. A thorough cure I hope will follow in a
short time.
Fresh news here is none from England worth your know-
ledge or our friends in Tanger, but the continued abatement
(God Almighty be blessed for it) of the infection; bad news,
none at aU but what is coined, and of such black money I need
send you none, your mints (according to what I hear) going
faster than ours, or even in Holland itself." 1^ pjf.
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P[iiilibert] Vernatty to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1665, [November 28-December 8? Malaga] — ^I find nothing
here but complaints of the unheard of usage which the mer-
chants receive from the Governor of this place. "It appears
to all men of aU nations that inhabit here that there is nothing
but passion that bears sway with him. He is so severe against
poor Tanger that did he know of anyone that either goes or
comes from thence, no punishment would satisfy his anger but
fire and sword. It is true money will not tempt him, but his
great zeal will utterly destroy this place, for scarce anybody
of the citizens can procure money to cultivate their vineyards,
only for his not giving pratique to ships that come bound nither
and not from England. I beg to recommend to you the con-
dition of Donna Teresa Colin, to whom and to her friends " all
the nation acknowledges themselves obliged.' 1 p.
Endorsed: — "From Mr. Vernatty, supposed to be written
at Malaga about the 8 December, 1665. Received 5-15 ditto.
Consul Nicii. Parker to Lord Belasyse.
1665, December 2. Algeire — ^I send your Excellency the
Duana's letter and a translation thereof, with the Pashaw's
seal upon it. Concerning the goods in the prize ship, I humbly
suggest that by what you have written and I (by your order)
have said, we are so much bound to these people that we can-
not draw back without prejudice to the peace. I do not say
this for fear of any ill conveniency to myself, for I would
willingly bear all and more than was inflicted on my prede-
cessor, but anything to disturb the peace would much trouble
me, and your Lordship well knows '* how ticklish these people
are." I am glad that in future the pirates are not to make
Tanger their mart, " for these people are so ignorantly covetous
that although they have all the right imaginable, jet they will
return with complaints and upon the first occasion they can
find of advantage, aU frivolous pretences shall be reckoned for."
Copy. l\ pp.
Consul Westcombe to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, December [3-]13. Cadia — Complaining that in the two
years and a half of his consulship he has spent, with aU
good husbandry, above three thousand pieces of eight more than
his office has produced, and that he is now upon his last legs,
and knows not what in the world be shall do unless Lord
Arlington can be persuaded to succour him. If pp.
Endorsed .'^-''Heceiyed 12-22, late at night"
Sir Francis Bedingfield to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, December [3-] 13. Porta Santa Maria — Prays forgive-
ness, **in this benign time of PasqiuiSy'* for some offence
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which he fears that he has given, and solicits his Excellency's
help in behalf of one of the poor Englishmen that were con-
demned for four years to the galleys, and who has ended his
time, but whom, the Qeneral of the galleys, the Marquis of
Bayona, refuses to release without a letter from Fanshaw him-
self. 2 pp.
Endorsed: — "Received 12-22 ditto, at night. Answered
19-29 ditto, with a letter for the Marques de Bayona in behalf
of the English galley-slaves."
CoHSTJL Westoombe to Snt EicHAED Fakshaw.
1665, December [3-]13. Cadi»— The Dutch are still on the
coast and -part of them in the bay. A propio has arrived from
Holland to say that ei^ht or ten more men-of-war will be here
directly, and another has gone from Paris with a packet for
the Duke of Beaufort, ordering him to repair to the ba^ with
his fifteen men-of-war and join with the Dutch against the
English. It may be they have a design against Tangier. 1^
pp.
Lord Dongan to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, December 6. [Dublin] — ^I delivered all your commands
in Endand, but "your letter to my Lord Lieutenant and
Council here I could not find at Salisbury, Secretary Morice
being with his Royal Highness at York." When it is sent
hither, my Lord Lieutenant will see it complied with. Lord
Chief Justice Smith sends you a great bottle of Irish aijua vitse.
My Lord Chancellor, my Lord Primate and Sir Paul Davis say
they will write to you. IJ pp.
Goin>£ DB Marchik to Sir Richard Fakshaw.
1665, December [10-]20. Madrid — ^Recommending to his
protection Don Diego Pacheco and Don Carlos del Castillo.
Spanish. J p.
Bichard Chambres to Sir Richard Fanshaw.
1665, December [10-]20. Xeres — ^Apologises for not having
written earlier. Now that Lord Dongan has gone, makes bold
to ofEer his respects and to wish his Excellency and his lady
"a most contented Christmas." Hears that the Portuguese
have besieged Ayamonte in the Condado and two other small
villages, and are doing great harm in parts of Gallicia. Prepara-
tions are being made in Xeres for sending some troops thither.
Encloses a letter from his daughter, Lady Dongan. 1 p.
Giles Woodward to Lionel Fanshaw.
1666, December [12-]22. Malaga— I have made bold to
relate to his Excellency what has passed here with our Governor,
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" as peevish a piece of ill-f avouredness that ever a people weire
troubled with/^ Unless his Catholic Majesty stops the unjust
proceedings of this man he will drive the English from the
town, for he is our declared enemy. Indeed h© has no respect
for anybody. Mr. Vematty is still here. 1 p.
De. Beune Eyves, Dean of Arches, to Snt Eichaed Fanshaw.
1665, December 14. Haseley — "The miserable distractions
of these times, by reason of that dreadful contagion which hath
raged amongst us this whole summer and is not yet ceased,
but scattered not only in London but in many places of the
country, must plead my apology that it is so late that I return
my humble thanks unto your Lordship for those many favours
showed to my son, and that in the midst of your many and
weighty affairs you can remember that you have such a poor
servant as myself and vouchsafe to honour me with your letters.
Truly, my Lord, we have been afraid one of another, as if the
curse of Cain had been upon u>s, to fear that every man that
met us would slay us. The highways have been unoccupied,
all intercourse of letters obstructed, and no man thought him-
self secure in his closest retirements. Now God be praised,
as the sun begins to draw nearer unto us, so we hope the sun
of righteousness will arise upon us with healing on his wings,
which God grant.
"For the affairs of this kingdom, I presume you have an
account of them from many better hands. I shall only condole
unto you the declining of that honourable order which might
have had the happiness to receive an addition of honour and
preservation of its lustre by your Lordship's relation to it, but
since your Lordship was taken up from that employment that
dignity doth decline. Since your Lordship's departure the doors
of St. George's Hall have been shut; we Have not seen a
knight of the order in Windsor. The truth is, the honour
of that order and the dignity and profit of the Masters of
Request both do want your presence and support. Though
your Lordship laid the foundation of a register, yet Sir Harry
De Vic, having gotten the papers into his hands under a pre-
tence to perfect the remainders, I could never get any papers,
either your Lordship's or his own, out of his hands, but I hope
to live to see your Lordship one of the order, that so you may
restore that, and it honour you.
" My son presents his most humble duty, service and thanks
to your honour, and desires me to acquaint your Lordship that
he is very mindful of your Lordship's commands in relation
to Sir Andrew King, but by reason of the contagion he hath
not had the opportunity to speak with him. My son, ever since
his arrival in England, hath been retired to my house at Haseley
in Oxfordshire, and as yet hath not done anything in order
to that concern which drew him over hither. Good my Lord,
present my most humble service to your most noble and virtuous
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lady. That God would bless you and her and all your children,
and return you all into your own country fidl of honour and
wealth and favour with God and the King, whom you serve,
is the daily prayer" of your devoted servant. 1 p.
Wh. Blunden to Snt Richaed Fanshaw.
1665, December [18-]28. Alicant— A small vessel from
Tunis brings word that about a month since the Duke of Beau-
fort made peace with the King of that country, and that they
are to redeem all their captives at a hundred and seventy-five
pieces of eight per head; also that in going thither the Duke
unfortunately met with and captured the Advice, Capt. George
Deacon, and the BUboa Merchant, both laden with currants,
and another small vessel with Gallipoly oil, as well as several
ships of other nations, all which they released, but the English
ones they have carried into ThoUon [Toidon]. \ p.
iows BxTLTEEL [Secretary to Lord Chancellor Clarendon] to
Sm BicHABD Fanshaw.
1665, December 22. Oxon — Can it be possible that you will
pardon me for not having answered your letter, received three
months ago? "I will plead no excuse, though really I could
allege many ... as my Lord's not often writing to you,
and sometimes, when he did, I not being with him, and in the
hurry this late contagion put all men in, my not knowing how
to convey my letters to you, for in this progress I have not
always been where the Court was, and now, last of all, when Sir
Patrick Hamoleda [sic'] went hence, my being accidentally
drawn from that design by an employment would not give me
leisure to perform it, nor indeed take my leave from Mm, for
which omission, with my most humble service to him, I
beg your Lordship would be pleased to make my excuse." I
hope to be able to find you such a seat as you desire, and a
little cottage for myself near to it, " and then I shall be content
from my hermitage daily to walk to your palace," and to plant
trees — which I think should be Ume, for their quick growth,
unless the Hollanders, who are masters of the best and cheapest,
prohibit their importation. " And though my Lord Combury —
who, by the way, commands me to salute you in his name and
is very much your Excellency's servant— should not be seated
{'ust by you, yet I 'hope it will not be at so great a distance
)ut your coach may carry us thither to dinner and return us
back at night" I pray you to make up your mind, "for
otherwise that noble Lord, with a melancholy lodge that lies
in Whichwood Forest, will tempt me from you, and haply if
that should fall before your Lordship could extricate yourself
out of the great affairs of the world it would not be improvidently
done of me to accept it, that so with Philemon — and you do
not know but with Baucis too, bating her age — ^I may treat
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you both, as he did the Thunderer and his nimble company,
only I will take care the wine shall be better — for if I remember,
the poet says it was not of the oldest — and to it, instead of
some of those rustical dainties which our clime affords not,
make it up with a haunch of venison. ' I refer you to the
bearer of this, Sir Robert Southwell, for news, and will write
again when my Lord Sandwich goes for Madrid.
I pray you ** present my humble service to your most excellent
lady and your fair daughters, especially she that, when I had
the honour to dine witn her at your Lordship's in Lincoln's
Inn Fields, defied all mankind and thought of nothing but
a nunnery, from which resolution, if her years and value of
the world hath not by this time redeemed her, yours and my
lady's authorily must, or you will have a sin to answer for
the brave youth of England wiU never pardon you."
Postscript, — " My Lord Combury, Sir Eichard Beling — now
secretary to the Queen — Mr. Wren and Mr. Clutterbooke present
their most humble service to your Lordship." 3 pp.
Snt Thomas Beverley to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, December 23. Magdalen College, Oxford — ^Yours of
the 5th of June only reached me in the middle of October, " in
a comer of my native country, the place of my retreat from the
common calamity, and far distant from the post roads; no
carriers being permitted to have recourse to London."
The same thing prevented my meeting Lord Dongan, but
from your friends here I have heard news of you, and rejoice
with them over the birth of your little son.
'^ Though we are all Athenians in this place, yet I can meet
with no news your Lordship will not have by better hands,
unless it be some that in this great sweep of mortality I find
none of your Lordship's and my acquaintance missing." The
Exchequer Barons, Mr. Moore and my brother Berkenhead are
here and send their service, as does also Mr. Attorney. ** We
dined together at the President's of this College about two
or three days since, where we had the happiness of Sir Philip
Warwick and your sister's company, and to drink your good
health in as generous wine as any Spain affords. ... I
hope, though tnere be cause enough to f eai;, the contrary — the
sicKness increasing these two last weeks — to be at London about
the beginnin«2f of February." Mr. Williamson — ^Lord Arling-
ton's secretary — tells me [the] post goes early to-morrow. I hope
you will make a shift to read these rude lines. Seal of arms.
1 p.
Sir Andrew King to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1665, December 24. Cowper's Hill — ^What I hinted at in
my last is confirmed. "The good Duke of Albemarle com-
mands the fleet. Prince Rupert hath been dangerously sick,
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but recovers and takes the command under the Duke. Several
of the last summer's commanders are put off and more will follow.
We may expect by God's blessing a good issue, for we are for
fitting men and such as value the King's honour. The Tan-
gier fleet left Portsmouth on the 18th. *' The Earl of Sandwich
went out of Oxford about that time to settle his domestics, and
said [he] should return and be ready to depart on his extraordi-
nary embassy for Madrid by the beginning of January. His
preparations are chiefly mourning, and that's not long in hand.
Lord Arlington's secretary, Mr. Godolphin, goes secretaiy to
the Embassy, and Mr. Eras. Godolphin accompanies my Lord
9i Sandwich.", Mr. [<om]thell has returned ^m the Bishop
of Munster, who, with his army, is in the States* country, and
is going to-day express to the Emperor and the said Bishop
again. He says the Bishop has twenty-two thousand men,
and that they value not the French assistance. "We have
had hard frosts with pleasant serene weather, the sun shining
all day. Notwithstanding, the sickness hath these two last
weeks increased from 428 to 625, which gives us both sorrow
and fear. It's said the great concourse of people thither is the
cause, but we hope an abatement this week.' God bless you
and your family and send us a happy meeting. 2 pp. Seal
of arms,
CJoNsuL Westcombe to Sir Riciiakd Fansiiaw.
[1665, December 24-] 1666, January 3. Cadiz — ^The report
that a cessation of arms for thirty years has been agreed upoa
between Spain and Portugal *'has ravished for joy" both
Spanish and Portuguese in those parts ; and the settling of the
treguas is entirely attributed to his Excellency's good manage-
ment. It is said that English ships are now admitted into the
Flemish ports without any scruple. 2 pp.
Juan Scowen to Snt Richaed Fanshaw.
[1665, December 24-] 1666, January 3. Cadiz — ^Transmitting
a letter sent for his Excellency from William Scowen. Spanish.
JSnclostnff,
1. Duplicate of the letter of William Scowen, dated
August 15. See above, j), 202.
2. Certificate by the kindred of Juan Scowen, that
William Scoxcen, Esq,, Judge of the Admiralty, has appeared
before them and declared that Don Juan Scowen is lawfully
and righteously descended out of his family, and is a mem-
ber thereof ; the said Wm, Scowen' s family being of ''long
continuance of gentry here, having loyally, eminently, and
faithfully served his Majesty and his father of blessed
m^emory during the late times of rebellion, together unth all
those of his name and kindred.^' Signed by Richard Arundel,
Baron of Trerise; Sir John Trdawny and Sir John
Corydon, Barts.; Sir Richard Edgcomhe, Knight of the
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Bath; Sir Peter Courteney, Sir John Arundel^ Sir
Sam. Coseworth and Sir William Godolphin, Knights;
and seven others. Dated, AttgvM 10, 1665, Cornwall, 1 p.
Sm RicHABD Fanshaw to Consul Westcombe.
[1665, December 26-] 1666, January 5. Madrid — ^I am sorry
to hear how insolent the Dutch are, and how partial the
Spaniards are to them. I hope to get these things remedied
in time, and intend, God willing, ere long to prefer another
memorial to this Queen. ''I am still thinking how I may
best serve you in your own private concerns, being sorry you
have not as yet a comfortable subsistence settled to you. I
do remember that in a copy you sent me of a letter you received
bojR my Lord Arlington, he was pleased in a very friendly
manner to promise you his assistance, whereof I shall, before
it be long, put his Lordship in mind. The last we heard of the
sickness in London was six hundred that week. I hope by this
time it is not six." Copy. 1 p.
Consul Westcombe to Sir Riciiaiid Fanshaw.
[1665, December 31-]a666, January 10. Cadizn-Both Spanish
and Poituguese are beyond expression joyful at the Tregiuis,
and invoke a thoufiand benedictions upon your Excellency for
so great a work. The Dutch men-of-war are still in the bay
or about the Strait's mouth. I have been so curious as to trace
the actions of these eighteen Dutch men-of-war, from the be-
ginning of December, 1664, till tlie end of December, 1665,
and to see '*what purchase they have taken.'' I enclose an
account of their captures, with my calculations of their value,
which I make to be 362,b00 pieces of eight, and the charges
of the Dutch men-of-war in taking these ships at least 540,000
pieces of eight, " and therefore they need not brag much of the
profit made upon the English nation on this coast."
I pray your Lordship to think of me, for I get nothing but
put ofEs from Mr. James Cuningam and others here, who,
*' with their lawyers' tricks and qauUets," try to entrap me and
have even bribed my own lawyer to persuade me to sign papers
in their favour. I send you the copy of a letter received £x)m
Amsterdam. 2 pp.
Enclosing,
1. A list of the ships taken by the Dutch squadron from
the English, beginning of January, 1664, to end of January,
1665, most of them being sold in the Bay of Cadiz: —
Pieces of eight.
Puny, Capt. Mathews, taken in Ali-
cante Road Value 10,000
Adventure of Plymouth, John Cole,
taken in Malaga Road „ 3,500
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Pieces of eighL
William, Copt. Wm. Snaufden, taken
under the foH of Rhotia Value 2,500
Speedwell, Stephen WiUiamion, vrith
lime „ 1,200
Loyal Merchant, William White, with
New England fish „ 8,800
Dove, John Fasset, with ditto „ 5,400
Tiger ketch, WiUiam Eadrum, with
provisions for Tanger „ 5,200
Aneel Gabriel, Edmond Ravens, from
Ireland „ 8,200
Pearl, of Bristol, Thorns Dyer „ 5,000
Salamander frigate, Capt. John Bd-
asyse, provisions for Tanger „ 18,000
Fidelity, of Apsum, Captain Stafford,
with Sherry wines, redeemed.
— — , a new Pink of Yarmouth, with
herrings 4.. » 6,300
Endeavour, of North Yarmouth, Capt.
Hugh Crafford, with salt „ 8,000
Boyal Catherine ketch, Walter Webber,
with French wines „ 6,600
Marling [Merlin] geUly, Capt. Chas.
Howard, a man-of-war „ '9,500
William and Mary, of London, Francis
Allin, with pa^k goods „ 166,000
William and John, Capt. Sheppard,
a victualler for Tanger „ 12,500
Thomas, of Plymouth, John Barldey,
with hoops and iron „ 8,500
, of Plymouth, with pilchards ... „ 4,000
Rose, Capt. Crow, with dry fsh „ 5,800
John, a pink, another victualler for
Tanger „ 8,400
Lily, of Bastahle [Barnstaple'], with
bacaUao Qi.e., cocUfish'] „ 6,200
Benjamin pink, George Lewis, with
dry fish „ 8,600
Deliverance, Capt. John Summ^ers,
with wax and alm^onds „ 18,800
Elizabeth, unth bacallao „ 12,600
Pieces of eight 332,500
Charges of the Dutch m^erv-of-war.
Three States ships ten [sic] months, and 15 hired merchant
ships, one unth the other at 3,000 pieces of eight per month
amounts to 540,000 pieces of eight.
2. A letter from Amsterdam, signed " A constant friend,*'
stating the Coorgas, the Munster General, is reported to
ip taken^ and that the French forces "<?re very ^i^ruly, the
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inhahitants standing in as much fear of them as of the
MunsterSy these ravishing the women and borrowing of the
Dutchmen . . . hit now to prevent further clamour />
is said they are ordered to go into Munsterland to repay
the Bishop in his ovm coin of burning and plundering the
country" By reason of a spring tide and high wind the
water has broken down the dykes and done much damage^
both at Amsterdam and Rckterdam, Dated December 7,
1665. Copy. J p.
BoBEBT De Lander.
[1666]' — Statement by Sir Bichard Fanshaw, that in Augtist
of the previous year 1664, Eobert Lander, bound from Jamaica
to New England, being distressed by tempest, desired leave
of the Governor of Havana in the "V^est Indies to take his ship
in there for repairs, to which he agreed. But when the ship and
crew were in his power he sold the vessel, and sent the men as
prisoners in the orange ships for Spain. His Catholic Majesty
is therefore prayed to order liberty for the men and restitution
of their ship. Spanish. 3 pp.
Enclosing,
Depositions signed by Robert De lender and others.
\Comp. De Landet's letter to Consul Westcombe in the
Spanish Correspondence.']
Sm BicHARD Fanshaw to the Qiteen of Spain.
1666, January [3-]13 — ^Interceding on behalf of Thomas
Couling, Consul at Teneriffe, in the Canary Islands, and the
merchants trading and residing there. Spanish. Draft.
\\ pp. Endorsed as presented on this date.
Duke and Count of Onatb to Sir Bichard Fanshaw.
1666, January [4-] 14. Madrid — ^The Queen my mistress, in
consideration of the particular zeal and diligence with which
you have acted in the arrangement of the articles of the peace
concluded by your Excellency and myself between the two
crowns of Spain and England, by virtue of the powers given
us by our sovereigns — ^from which it is hoped so much good
will result to all Christendom, and especially to the subjects
of the two kingdoms — ^has been pleased to grant a hundred
thousand pieces-of-eight to yourself and fifty thousand to your
wife. Spanish. Copy. 1 p.
Consul Matnard to Sir Bichard Fanshaw.
1666, January [T-]17. Lisbon — ^I cannot express how much
cast down I was to receive no line from you by Mr. Price. I
paade bold to tell you '^ of our l^t campaign a^cl th*e gallant
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behaTiour of this small party of English, wto are now so few
that no considerable service can be expected from them, although
they should all lay down their lives for the honour of their
King and country. At the late siege of La Guarda were slain
Capt. Charles Langley, Lieutenant Sinous, Ensign Perry and
about forty private sentinels. There is now a good under-
standing betwixt the Court and them, they having but four
months' pay due to them." You will have all news of this
Court better from the ministers by Mr. Price. 1 p.
BicHABD Fawshav^ to his Wife.
[1666] [8-]18 January, Mondav. Toledo—*' My dearest life,
hitherto— God be thanked — all well, the air and motion agreeing
exceedingly well with me, as I believe it will with thee and the
children as often as the weather shall prove favourable. God
bless us all, and send us soon and happily to meet, whereof
I have already met with something of good omen, as lodged
in the house now belonging to a ridi Portuguese and in a city
most interested of any in Spain in, and most greedy of a peace
with Portugal in respect of their trade, for which reason they
express among themselves great joy at my passing through
in order to that end, for sufficiently public it is everywhere.
Once more and ever, God bless us all. Dearest only love, thine
own ever.
I do not know that I left anything forgot there. Services
to all friends.
Catheeine Fansiiaw to her father, Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1666 [January 8-] 18. Madrid — I hope your Excellency will
not think that I have not wished to write and beg for your
blessing, and that you will grant my desire to hear that you
are well. I pray you to be assured of the goodwill of my heart,
although my hand does not know how to explain it as it ought.
May God preserve you to us, who are much saddened by your
absence, but my consolation is that God will restore you happily
to us, in which hope I remain your very obedient daughter.
Spanish. \ p,
Mabgabet Fanshaw to her father, Sir Bicharb Fanshaw.
1666, January [10-]20 — ^The greatest pleasure that I can
have is your Excellency's company, for lack of which I am
very unhappy, but not without hope that God will grant you
a safe journey here, and a long life with my mother and my
brother and sisters and myself, who, begging for your blessing,
am always your obedient daughter. Spanish. \ p,
Anna Fanshaw to her father, Sm Richard Fanshaw.
[1666, January 10 P] — I am very sorry that I do not know
enough to write to your E^tcellency as I ehould like to do.
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but I hope tKat in God's good time you will Tetum safely to
MB, until when I pray for your blessing. My sisters and my
brother Bichard kiss your hands and entreat your blessing.
Sparmh. \ p.
Lord Belasyse to Lord Holles, Ambassador in Paris.
1665-6, January 10-20. Tanger — ^A French ship laden with
tobacco and sugars haa been chased into the bay by the Turk's
Admiral, but was secured and protected by some shots from the
guns on the Mole. The Turks sent to demand their prize, but
I refused to give her up, whereupon they have departed in a
fury and will no doubt complain to the Duana at their return
to Algiere, as they have done before, when "both my reason
and inclination have induced me to favour CSiristians against
infidels."
I am staying the ship here until his Majesty's pleasure be
known, because the French have been so discourteous in seizing
our merchant ships, but " I hope the good intelligence betwixt
the two Crowns will procure me speedy orders from his Majesty
to discharge her, together with his commands how to deport
myself in the like accidents for the future." Copy. 1^ pp
[There is another copy of this letter in the Tangiers Corres^
pondence.']
Consul Valentine Morgan to Sir Richard Fanshav^.
1666, January [10-] 20. St. Sebastian — ^Regrets that he can-
not show his loyalty and zeal by employing his life and fortune
in his native sovereign's service. He is " enclosed in this nook "
as his Eng's minister, though without the least stipend to defray
his charges or the help which he must of mere compassion
give to his countrymen, both seamen and soldiers, but is well
content if his endeavours be well construed. Sends relation
of what has passed touching the Charles of Boston and her
cargo, which nas been discharged against the orders of the
Bang of Spain, under pretence of repairing and graving the
ship.
Postscript. — Did not send off the above, in hopes to have had
it put in better form, but " could not since compass the notary,"
who was doubtless bribed by his adversaries. February 2
[stilo novo], 1666. 1 p.
Ann, Lady Fanshaw, to her husband, Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1666, January Ll8-]28. Madrid—'* My dear soul, thine from
Tolethey [Toledo] I have received, but much long to hear from
thee since how thou goest on thy journey. God of his mercy
bless thee and prosper thee and send us a happy meeting here
again suddenly, for I believe when thou hast examined well
ftfi thy letters thou wjlt fi?id cause as well in thy reason as
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affection to hasten hither. Thou wilt find by Lord Ar[lington]
that in his canting language he would fain have his cast general
reap the fruit that thou hast sown, but he will be mudi mis-
taken, and I find here would have been so if his design had
been promoted sooner, for yesterday the Du[ke] de Me[dina]
las To[rres] was to visit me with his Duchess, and told me that
he had newly received a letter, but said not from whence, but
by circumstances I believe from his brother-in-law from Flanders,
in which, says he, I find that foul [ ? fool] Molinay hath advised
their sending of Ea[rl] Sanfdwich] to this Court without ever
having advertised either the Queen of his design or me, but, says
he, I have communicated this to the Queen, and yesterday her
Majesty called a council thereupon, and upon their aavice
this was resolved, that a letter of grace and encouragement should
be sent post after thee, and a post sent immediately into England
to command the Conde de Moliney to depart that Court in twent^-
fonr hours, and to come hither nere to give an account of tlus
presumptuous action. Likewise the Duke added that the King
his master said to him upon occasions that if this ambassador
of England, who is so discreet and careful both to follow his
mastei^s instructions and to assist me, should either be called
home before he hath finished his business here or any other
sent to treat over him, I will never give him more than the
accustomed ceremonies of my Court, but to treat if this fail
none will do. Said the Duke, the like say I; first, I hope
our post will stop him that is coming, but if not I will assure
your Excellency he shall have from this Court a very quick
despatch, speaking much more of resentment of this than I
can here say, not forgetting to tell me that he was never a man
that cared to deal with two persons about one business, nor
knew what he should say when he was assured that thou hadst
gained those conditions for England that never any had before,
nor the best statesman of England could expect from this
Court, remembering a little those that did precede thine. To
all this and much more I replied that I was very sorry that I
was not capacitated to understand the things of state that I
might reply to them to his Excellency's content, but that which
I knew of these things were all general, and more at this time
than ever by his Excellency's favour; that for the Conde
Moliney, he was altogether unknown to thee, but Well known
to our King, who had a great esteem for him; that it was
possible his letters of information of the Earl coming might
miscarry or come hereafter; that for the Earl he was a great
person and that I supposed he might be sent upon some extra-
ordinary occasion, and that I did not doubt but that he would
fully satisfy him so much at his coming if so, for I had
no particular news thereof, but that I saw it in the news books
from London; that I had letters for thee from the Secretary,
which had lain some time by the way, and I did not doubt, God
willing, thou would quickly give his Excellency an account of
what thou foundest therein of concern to this Court Then his
8».
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Excellency offered me his service with mncli compliment, and
did the Duchess too, and so we parted.
Now my sense upon this whole business is this, which indeed
the Du[ke] and the father Pa[trick] told me almost at large ; that
the Count Moliney and the Se[cretary] with Lord Chan[cellor],
finding that the Duke had quite turned the stream from their
mill, began to be concerned, and thought by this means to
bring it to them again, but lord what a loud laugh it will
make when their pitiful designs are known and the rage this
Court is in thereat, for first, why did not he, if this was dis-
liked, not presently signify the King's pleasure thereupon,
having the papers in their hands five months; secondly, whv
did not he send a post with such as was agreeable to their
designs; thirdly j (why any and at their own time in the
name of God; fourthly ^ it mfimtdy concerns u$ to make
an end for numy reasons, says another, and now after
this and more thou should stop thy hand. Truly, my
dear, God hath both in his justice and mercy dealt with
thee and them, for them, to do the King and kingdom good
notwithstanding these little and weak men to turn their own
private designs, and in his favour to thee in not suffering them
to hurt thee, and in spite of them this negotiation of thine will
prove wise and honest and honourable to the end of the world,
for thou hast made this business of England better than any
can suppose, nay, better than they themselves knew till they
had received thy agreement, and therein thou followed thy
instructions to the full, as it is well thou didst. As we have
often talked and withal as I suppose thou meanest to answer
hjis letter, fhou hast left room in the league to add whcU his
Majesty shall he 'pleased to think fU, concerning anything at
home or abroad, which must always be allowed to be so discreet
a reservation and copious that their ambassador may have an
ample employment thereupon, and we to satisfy ourselves in
that part thou hast acted, for which to God be the glory, and
be cheerful, my soul, and as thou hast always had God and
honour before thy eyes, so' thou wilt never want his blessing
thereupon, for as for our back friends, if we were to live upon
their approbation, we should be as poor as if we lived upon
their purse. I have had very many visits since thou went
thy journey, amongst whom a very great man said, well, madam,
my Lord Ambassador hath made the greatest and hap^HCst
negotiation that hath been this many hundred years, and is at
this time the most envied man, both at home and abroad,
by all foreign ministers in the world, and this peace that he is
now gone about, whether it succeed or no, is the greatest trust
that ever any one man had. My dear, probably Sir Robert
Southwell will be at Lisbon before thou canst meet the Con[de]
de Cas[tellme[lhor], because he is supposed to come in these
ships of Sir Jeremy Smith's; if not he is to come with Sir
Christopher Mins, who sets sail, as is supposed, about this time.
Dear lamb, it is much to be wished thy sudden return, for
what they do not dP there quickly they will never ^o, an4 Aes^
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express a great longing to have tliee suddenly bring them a
peace back, tbougb I confess I am heartily glad that all this
dispute hath fallen out in thy absence, so that it will appear
that thou hadst no hand in it* I want that cipher very much,
for what may come then, and I may have need to say. There
is no post come yet back from England; so soon as any doth
or any other imminent thing happen I will not fail to send to
thee an express. I have sent thee all thy letters of these ten
days last past from all parts as they came to my hands, there
is a packet gone to Tanger from Lord Arl[ington] and another
from Tanger to Lord Arlington]. My dear soul, this is
what of news at present is here faiown. Now as to our par-
ticular, God's name be praised, we are all in health, and I
earnestly desire thee to have a care of thy health and safety,
and then to remember our discourse of the park. Prith^ if
I do not do well in anything, correct me and I will mend, for
I am very diffident of my carriage in this place, as I have great
reason to be, as thou well knowest. I long to hear what hopes
there is in thy business, my dear. If it will not do, either
public or private, be not troubled, but leave it to God; it is
much what hitherto thou hast done relating thereto, and like-
wise prith6 send me word when thou thinkest thou shall be
back again in grace of God, thus with my perpetual prayers
to God for thee and thy prosperity,'* I remain thine ever.
Po^impf.-jr^'Tlie prayers and good wishes that thou hast
from this whole Court are very great. I never have seen
such expressions of joy as all here show upon this occasion^
nor so general an anger from great and small of an3rthing to
be said from England but by thee, and though I shut my
mouth I cannot but open my ears with wonder to hear what
is said of this Earl, for all his old sins are here with a
prospective seeing, the Duke telling me he knew him by hear-
say to be a Cromwellist, which will not down [^ic] here; in
fine great heat is expressed hereupon, as thou wilt find by the
Du[ke]'8 letter and Father Pa[trick's] to thee, which is enclosed.
This must not be forgot, that amongst the many visits I have
had the Marques [a] ae Liche's was one, nor must I likewise for-
get that your friend, Mr. La Strange,* hath amongst his news
put in a letter from Madrid, highly in thy commendations, and
his own sense thereupon higher, for which I do not doubt
but he will have a good reprimand. Lord Holies is detained
fifteen days longer in Paris and the Government of Jersey
is taken out of Lord St. Alban's hands and given to one
Lieutenant-General or Sir Thomas Morgan ; who that is I know
not. It is supposed there will be a war with England, but not of
the French seeking, but yet I think it is uncertain. The plague
is not gone, rather increased a little in London the beginning
of January. I have had no letters from private hands this
week. Again and again God bless thee, my soid." 6 J pp.
Endorsed: — ^'^Eeceived at Benavente 7th February, at noon,
per prop^P
\The words in italics are underlined in th e letter^
• iU)g«r L'Batrange, Surveyor of the Press.
0%
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Ltonell Fanshaw to Lady Fanshaw.
1666, January [19-]29. Frexinall — ^Explaining a cipher,
and reporting that his Lord has had his health well all the
journey hither. 1 /?.
Aim, Lady Fanshaw, to her husband, Sir Richa&d Fanshaw.
1666 [January 24-]February 3. Madrid— My dearest life,
thine of the 19th of the last from Frexinall I did receive by
the hands of Don Nicholas, whom the Dukp sent with it to
me the same hour that he received it. 1. am sorry to see
so little hopes of the fruit of thy long labours, but we must
submit ourselves to God's will and remember that if he takes
care for the birds of the air he doth not sliehtly decree^ his
will in the fortunes of kingdoms, and aa for thee those princi-
ples with which thou didst both begin and persevere in this
peace are so religiously wise that I do not doubt but God
will give thee and thine a blessing for the good intent of thy
heart, and the honour of going thus far will appear in all ages
a great and honourable work when it shall be laid open to the
world, and therefore, my love, be cheerful and animate thyself
therein, by putting a confidence and value of thy own under^
standing, which to have done, being a young man, doubtless
had been a fault — though now the English fashion — ^but besides
thy natural parts that great experiences, especially in these
Courts, thou hast, as likewise been longer experienced in State
matters, both by practice and books, than our directors, in the
consideration of which it would now in thy years be as great
a fault not to reflect on these points and therein to be positive,
as it was a virtue in thee in thy youth to submit thy judgment
to riper years, and thou art now on that vantage ground of
truth, as my Lord Bac[on] saith, from which to behold one's
enemies or no friends in the vale beneath with their many
shufflings and arts, great and small, is a pleasant sight, so it
be, as the same author says, with pity, which truly they deserve,
for whenever day shall appear all their mummeries will prove
trash. To conclude this discourse, my soul, be cheerful, make
much of thyself, be not surprised either with their want of
their former kindness, which is always a loose garment put on
over statesmen's clothes, nor be not too thoughtful, but do
the best that in thee lies for God's glory, for thy country's
good and thy own honour and profit, and then submit cheer-
fully to God's decrees, who, with glory to him be it ever by
us spoken, hath brought us to this, hath delivered us out of
many dangers and chooses for us such good things as we neither
had foresight nor power to choose. ^
The packets that I sent to thee on the 28th of the last
not being yet gone, by reason, says the Du[ke], that a despatch
which the Queen sends therewith was not ready till this day,
I have put these up with them. This day no letters are come
for thee from Andalusia, but Mr Godart's letters say that Sir
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Jeremy Smith is arrived at Calles, and with him Don Patricio
Mulede, and that there are four frigates and seventeen ships
that carry victuals for Tanger, and that Sir Robert Southwell
is at Lisbon, who put in with six ships, which after his land-
ing is to come hither for Calls Isic], This day Don Alonso,
the Du[ke's] Secretary, came hither from the Du[ke] and
Duch[ess], and in much discourse told me that the Conde de
Sandwich would not come, with more than ordinary heat, say-
ing that Conde Moliney would be here in few days to answer
this insolent action, which the Queen, says he, is most highly
displeased with, as she hath great cause, for his complaining
of that ambassador that both her Majesty and all this Court
hath such kindness for, to which I replied that for the first,
there was nothing more ordinary, as he well knew, than for
Princes to send their extraordinary ambassadors when they
pleased, and many times occasions required them, and that
I was fully satisfied that his Majesty did it upon good reasons
though I knew them not, and so I knew would thou be, as
both of us to see in this Court an honourable person of our
own country. For the latter, I hoped the Conde would clear
himself of all things that might disgust this Queen and Court,
being a person for whom I have heard our King had a great
kindness; for my husband, though he hath not the honour to
be known to the Conde, yet his actions were and would be
I suppose, from which I [<om] that he is his friend. But
in fine they are all here raging mad at the Conde, time will
tell why. It is said that there is a great number of soldiers
going from Ireland to the Bish[op] of Mun[ster], likewise
it is said that one Lord Rotorford [Tllutherford] comes to
Tanger in the next fleet in the room of Lord Bell[asy8e],
but I have neither of these from a sure hand. My dear love,
I have no more to say by this post, but to tell thee that if any
letters come for thee from Lord Ar[lington] or any other of
concern, be sure I will send a post, as likewise if any extra-
ordinary accident happens in this Court. God in heaven bless
thy business and send it^ prosperous end if it be his will,
and keep thee in health and send thee well back to me."
Postscript, — *' The enclosed that my cousin Fan[8haw] wrote I
thank thee for, and shall make use of it upon any occasion that
requires it. I have sent thee in this packet a ring for a token,
of those that Fa[ther] Pa[trick] gave me. Dick, God be praised,
is both a very fine boy and very well, as is all thine and my-
self, and present their duty to thee." 3 pp.
Addressed by Lady Fanshaw : — ^*' For my dear life."
Endorsed: — "Received at Benavente 7 die, at noon, per
propioP
The Same to the Same.
1666, [January 31-]February 10. Madrid — Dearest life, I
send this post to bring thee the news of England and our good
healths, which God be praised we all perfectly enjoy notwith-
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standing we have had all very great colds by reason of the
change of the weather, which hath been veiy rigorous here, though
now most sweet From England I have been shoton several
letters that upon the receipt of thine of the 20th of the
last, new style, the King did express openly a very great joy
of the work of thy hands and particularly spoke tmich in thy
praise with great esteem, and so did the Duke of York, with
the Secretary, Lord Ar\lington\, and all the whole Court —
one thing observe by the way that we have here all letters four
days date later than the Secretaries — ^but oxir dear friend, the
Lord Ch[ancellor], said truly he did not expect this work to be
so finished, and showed himself very melancholy, at which the
King laughed and so doth many a one, and write that now
he will be much troubled how to provide for his cast Conde,
but I hear that he will now make him Governor of Tanger —
and that from a good hand — ^in fine, to God be the glory,
thou art very successful in all thy undertakings and so under-
stood. , No post returned from England nor any letters yet
sent Aie for thee from Don Patr[icio] Mol[edi]. This place
is very disconsolate in fear thou wilt not make a peace, and
some, and not the simplest, think they may send a white
paper to sign and it will be granted, indeed their case
is sad. The Queen Mother of France is dead, and departed
this life with these blessed words in her mouth to the King,
her son : Love peace and make peace with all the world that you
may have eternal peace. The French would, now declared,
have peace with England on any conditions and are for certain
providing against Spain with much eagerness. The Hollander
is in a very ill condition, and every day worse and worse.
The Prince of Munster — ^for that is the title our Eling is pleased
we should call him — is in a very good condition, and it is
said that he is to come in person to a place in Flanders, there
to meet the Du[ke] of yor[k] and the Mar[quis] of Bran-
tdenburg] and Lu[xembourgJ and Mar[quis] de Cas[tel] Ro-
drigo], with many other Princes of Germany, some time this
next month. Great preparations are making in England for this
summer, the last news of the plague from England was seventy
in all thereof, and but fourteen in the city. Lord Bell[asyse]
going home.
Now, my dear, to return to thy present business. I hope
it will have a good end notwithstanding all their tricks that
have employed themselves to make this void, and the airy part
gives way to the more solid body, and necessity will speak
plainer than the most eloquent, and be-'ter is half a loaf than
no bread, and I hope by this time thou art near returning,
though I could wish that this letter might find thee there,
being a clear light to thee in three points. First, that thou
art well received with honour by our master; the next, that
England is very prosperous; and thirdly, that I find a peace
here is desired upon any terms. I forgot to tell thee that we
have taken upon the coast of England two Holland ships,
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besides three others that are worth three or four and twenty
thousand pounds sterling, and some French ships, which our
King says he only deposits till his Majesty is satisfied for the
losses he hath received by the French King at sea.
My love, prithe make much of thyself and have a care of cold,
and send me by this bearer what thou hast to say, and likewise
the day's journeys thou art to make at thy return to me, that so,
God willing, I may know how thou maKest thy way, to send
to thee if need be, that I should receive any extraordinary
news. This being all that I have at present to say, with my
perpetual prayers to Almightv God for thy health and prosperity
and safe return to all thine.
PosUcrij}ts. — Prithi let Mr. Cooper and the Arguisil [AlgtuicU,
i,e.y steward] draw me a note of the way of thy return.
*' Just as I am making up this letter I am showed one from
London that says that Lord San[dwich] hath sent to Bristol
for many young merchant men to come with him to be put
into Tanger, and likewise that Dunkirk is now more than
ever spoke of, upon which, with many other things, I have
much to tell thee to make thee merry, but they are not fit
to be written, but shall not be forgot, God willing, at our
meeting.
"As thou will see by Father Pa[trick]'8 letter, I have
nothing but good words for my money as yet, but they often
repeated, and he himself came just as I was naming him in
this to me, and was very full of discourse of many things,
amongst which he told me that the Du[ke] would very suddenly
be the favourite, likewise of the high expression that our King
made of joy at thy concluding the peace here, and of many
other things that rejoiced him that he had heard out of Eng-
land by this' day's post. Amongst which one thing is said
not unpleasant, whicn is that the King had a play acted, in
which many nations met, and the Frenchman made them all
afraid, but the Englishman coming by him as he was vapour-
ing, he ^ave over and said nothing, but the Englishman, not
contented, then withdrew his sword and told him he would
make him take notice of him, with which the Frenchman
replied that he desired friendship with him and therefore
desired him to accept of a present and gave him a purse of gold.
This makes much talk and laughter, and is writ also from
Bayonne. I'he friar told me that thou wast jealous that there
was some underhand dealing in this treating with Portugal
by a friar employed by Caracena, but swears that there is none,
and that this Crown by the Duke doth wholly put their con-
fidence in thee, and to that pxirpose either with these or within
two days after the Queen and Duke will not fail to write by an
express to thee to that purpose. I told him I knew nothing
at all of this business, as m truth I did not, nor well know
whether I did well understand him now, but this I plainly
perceive, that either they are innocent or ashamed they are not./
I had like to forgot to tell thee the last week four Turks mei^-
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232
of-war fought two French men-of-war ofif Cadiz and took them."
Addressed by Lady Fanshaw : — " For thyself, my dear love."
News Letter.
1666, January — Cadiz [December 31-] January 10. Many
ships have brought com from the Levant, or this country would
be starved. The Duchess of Aveiro departs for Seville in the
galleys within two days, and Sir Benjamin [Wright] means
to go also.
Seville, January [2-] 12. All here are in fear of a mutiny.
There are so many robberies every night that the Assistente
has ordered that no man stir out of his house after six o'clock.
Three coaches of cavaliers were robbed at eight o'clock the
other night, and the rogues were so impudent as to go into
a shop hard by to divide the money.
Malaga, January [2-] 12. Several Argier frigates are at
Tanger. That Divan has agreed with Lord BeUasis for the
cargo of the Margarita. The Marquis shot yesterday at two
small English vessels bound home from the Levant. He has no
mercy on us, though he admits the Hamburghers.
Granada, January [1-]11. The Venetians and the Pope are
said to be in league with France, and to have procured the
admission of Florence and Genoa. All Italy is disturbed since
in Germany the princes of the house of Saxony and many others
have Joined with the title of defenders against their enemies.
The Bishop of Munster draws very near the Hollanders, and
the States have asked for a contribution of twelve millions to
prosecute the war.
Madrid, January [10-]20. Seven new Counsellors of State
have been sworn, viz., the Duke of Alburquerque, the Cardinal
Colona, the Duke of Montalto, the Count of Ayala, Don Luis
Ponce de Leon, the Confessor of the Queen* and the Marques
de Fuente, ambassador in France. They are called in a
pasquinade the seven deadly sins. It is said on good authority
that the Duke of Medina Celi is coming to Madrid voluntarily,
bv persuasion of his daughter, the Marquesa de Liche.
Partly in Spanish, If y>/;.
Enclosing,
A note of the Counsellors of State that are now chosen : —
MontaltOy Pride; Ayala, Avarice; Fuente, Lewdness;
Ponze, Anger; Colona, Gluttony; the Confessor, Envy;
Alburquerque, Sloth. Spanish,
Consul Valentin Morgan to Sm Richaio) Fanshaw.
1666 [February, early in. San Sebastian] — The war between
England and France was published in France on the 27th ultimo,
and no doubt "the wars with Spain and France will soon
follow." In such case it will be dangerous to send any packet
* Sberbard von Neidbart, called iu Sp«io el padre Nithard or E^trardv.
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233
of importance by way of France, and the best way will be with
packet-boats. Sir Andrew King asked me on your behalf how
I could procure two frigates to go constantly betweei\^ Spain
and England, and I sent him '^ an ample form " how it might
be done, and with such secrecy that no man living would know
the design save the master that carried the packets, as the
frigates would carry some small matter of goods and be known
only for merchant men. He was well pleased with the sugges-
tion, but *' the matter was notwithstanding ordered to the £ng's
minister's management, by which it came, the same day he
received the orders, to be public over all the city." For better
secrecy, if needful, I will, as owner, keep three frigates, which
shall go and come constantlv for an annual payment of 18,000
pieces of eight, which, to colour the design, may bring English
goods, not drapery, lest there be scruple of the sickness, but
lead, shot, beeswax, tanned leather or wheat. If there be any
difficulty about these goods, the ships shall come only in ballast,
and they shall not stay an hour longer either in England
or here than to take in their packets, wind and weather per-
mitting. I shall gladly receive your Excellency's resolutions,
but cannot abate a real of my proposition and must be paid
beforehand every three months, otherwise I will not hazard it.
1 p.
Endorsed: — "Received at Estremos 24 February, 16G6, s.n."
Prince de Ghalais Talleranb de Perigobd to Sm Bichard
Fanshaw.
1666, February [1-]11. Lisbon— Tour kind promise of
friendship when we met at Madrid with the Comte de Marchin
emboldens me to hope that you will not refuse your help
in obtaining permission for me to go on parole to the fron-
tiers of Navarre. The Council of Portugal granted permission
to my brother, the Marquis de Noirmoustier, for me to do so,
but since the King of England asked the same thing for the
Marques de Liche and Don Annielo de Gusman without their
obtaining it, I am not allowed to go for fear of vexing his
Majesty. I have sent to London about it, but as it is very
important for me to go at once, I beg your assistance. If the
treaty breaks off — which is not likely since it is in your hands —
I will return, and if needful the Cfomte de Chomberg and my
brother will be securities for me. French. IJ pp.
CJOHTE DE SCHONBERG tO SiR ElCHARD FaNSHAW.
1666, February [1-11?]. Salvaterra^— The bearer of this is
a servant of Mons. de Challay [Chalais], who wishes to obtain
permission from the Comte de Castelmelhor to visit his wife
on the frontiers of Navarre for two or three months. If the King
returns to-morrow evening, I shall come to see you, not wishing
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to let you go without assuring you of my respect. French
Holograph, 1\ pp.
f
Lady Fanshaw to her husband, Sm Bicuard Fanshaw.
1666 [February 2-] 12. Madrid— My dear life, the Duke did
promise me that I should have a post to send to thee yesterday,
but yet he is not gone, therefore I write this to add to the latter.
This day the Duke de Avero was to visit me. 1 can find nothing
to say to thee new but only this, that wkatever thy business
proves, send as little of it by writing as thou canst possible
to this Court till thou comest to declare it at lar^e, and I
believe for many reasons thou wilt be of my opinion* I believe
this will find thee on the way hither ; prith.e dispatch him back
with what brevity thou canst after thou hast answered the letters
sent thee by the Du[ke]* with this, the writing whereof I sup-
pose hath been ^he reason that this post hath been detained
till this time. Jv^ as I am writing this the Duke sent Father
P[airick'] to teil me that he had received news from England
that the King had sent to the Emperor, and that from thence
the Queen received letters this day from her brother in which
he did much rejoice at the peace concluded and league too,
as he hoped, for that he and other Princes should imrnediaidy
declare the league they had and were a finishing with the King
of England, unshing heartily a m^ch with the fair lady of
his house and the King of Portugal, Likewise the Du[keJ
sent me word that he was now ready to assign the payment of
a hundred and fifty pieces of eight, which Mr. Godart should
suddenly pay me. In fine, thus stands matters, that now the
Confessor is not only a councillor but very near a declared
favourite, and the Du[ke] his Governor. , The Marque8[aP] de
Liche this day sent me a little greyhound puppy, so fine a
creature I never saw in my life, which I take care of much for
thee, but Dick lugs her by the ears and is very fond of her.
God's name be praised, he grows a lovely fine boy and all the
girls are very well, and so am I, but wish thee with me a
thousand times, and if thou mayst be so happy to conclude
this business now, or to lay there a foundation so as to do it
hereafter in this place, it will be most happy, if not, God's will
be done, to whom I perpetually pray that he will bless, preserve
and keep thee, and send us a happy meeting."
Postscript. — "Never was any people so thirsty as these are
for good news from thee, which God of his mercy send." If pp.
Addressed by Lady Fanshnw : — "For thyself, my life."
Endorsed: — "Received at Benavente 9-19 February, 1666,
per projrio.''
Gaspak de Haro, Marques de Liche, to Sm Biciiard Fanshaw.
1666, February [6-] 16. Castle of St. George, Lisbon-
Thanking him for past kindnesses, and praying him to con-
tinue his efforts to procure his liberation. Spanish. 1} pp.
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Consul Thomas Matnaed to Snt Bichaad Fanshaw.
1666, February [7-] 17. Lisboa— Stating that Sir Jeremy
limith passed by Cadiz, but only looked into the bay without
making any stay. He took a Hollander laden with figs upon
the coast oi the Algarves and a French ship laden with sherry
sacks near the bar of St. Lucar, and it is reported that he took
another French ship near die Straits' mouth. 1 f.
Lady Fanshaw to her husband, Sib Bicha&d Fanshaw.
1666, February [9-] 19. Madrid— My dearest life, I am
infinitely troubled that I have not yet heard from thee, we
here guessing that that post first sent misht have been here
long since. This is the third post that ham been sent to thee
since thy going from hence; what the other two carried I
knew, b^use 1 was told, but this errand is kept so secret that
yet I cannot find it out; flying reports there are, firsts that
a post came from England, then that the Duke's son came
home privately from Lisbon, and that, say others, the Duke
hath received private packets from Lisbon; but this is sure,
that on the 27th ^ the last the King of France declared publicly
a war against England, and as sure that on Tuesday last here
in the morning the Queen called a full council, both of state
and war, and I do conjecture from thence is this post sent, but
as I am at this point in comes Fa[ther] Pa[trick] from the
Du[ke] to me and unriddles the riddle, which, says he, is this:
that this post is sent to inform thee that there is a declared
war from France to England ; and for the Duke's son, it was
Don Domingo that unhappily killed the Marquis the year we
came into Spain. So that is aU the news of this Court, but it
is talked that the Conde de Pen[aranda] shall be president of
Castile and the Conde de Yilinbrose [Yilla Umbrosa] president
de la Assienda. I have here enclosed sent thee all the news that is
stirring in thy letters from England, I having this week received
no more. The last news of the plague of the 20th of last
month, this style, died eighty-nine of the plague. The Du[ke]
continues very civil to me, and now begins to think it long
till he hears how the business of Portugal goes, for it concerns
them much here, their punctilios falling and their desires
increasing daily with violence for a peace on any terms. My
dear life, I need not to tell thee how many fears and hopes
I have daily and what disorder of mind I am often in, and
the more because I must not in point of honour show it but
to God that sees my heart, and I hope hears my perpetual
prayers for thy health and prosperity. I desire [hunj to send
thee to me safe back, if he please, with an olive branch in thy
mouth to these distressed people, and to my everlasting joy
to return into our own country, there to praise God for all his
infinite mercies to us. God be praised, Dick and all thine
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are very well and beg thy blessing. Dear love, have a care
of thyself and be cheerful, and so God preserve thee." If pp.
Addressed by Lady Fanshaw: — ^" For thyself, my life."
Sir Bichabd Fanshaw to [the Duke of Medina de las
Torres].
1666, February ril-]21. Benavente— With regard to the
coming of the Earl of Sandwich to this Court as ambassador
extraordinary, I cannot count it bad news, both for the reasons
which I have already mentioned and because he is my very
good friend, although this does not prevent my acknowledging
my infinite indebtedness to the kindness of the Queen and
yourself in vouching for my innocence on being informed
that complaints have been made to our English Court
of my ill-carriage in Spain by a minister who has neither
seen nor treated with me in his life. If this were so,
I am very sure that upon the King, my master — by
whom I have been proved so manv years — no hearsay testi-
mony would make the least impression to my prejudice. I
hold it for certain that his Majesty has taken this resolution
in order, by the talents and rank of the new ambassador, to
bring quickly to an end some fresh negotiati(ms of importance,
and also to show how greatly he esteems the persons and
desires the friendship of the Catholic Sovereigns. One thing
I coufess will grieve me, and that is if there is any omission
in giving the Count as hearty a reception at Madrid as I had
upon coming into Spain — and more, if more is possible — since,
on the one hand, I have certain information that it will be
noticed in England, and, on the other, any failure herein mighty
by malevolent or mistaken persons, be imputed to me.
Spanish, " Copy, 1 p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to his wife. Lady Fanshaw.
1666, February [12-]22. (Jruclie in Portugal — ** My dear life,
this I write to thee, being four leagues from Benevente, where
my station was, on my way back to Madrid, and it is by the
first express of two that have come to me from thence, reserv-
ing the second to follow after I shall be out of this kingdom.
The packet herewith enclosed for the Duke, bearing date
yesterday, could not say so much, therefore, together with it,
send advice to his Excellency I have been in my journey and
am from this day forward.
Thine by the latter reached me at Benevente, very oppor-
tunelv for me to make use — as I did — of the three notes therein
specified.
A list of my gists \sic\ from Badajos goes herewith enclosed,
reckoning I may arrive there four days hence, so to one day
more or less my arrival with thee may be estimated.
With me comes Sir Eobert Southwell, in manner as thou
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wilt see by my enclosed for Mr. Hodser. His stay being so
fihort, I wish my girls will give us their Qtterer over again,
and that Dick also lug his new puppy by the ears very
unconcerned.
Much I have to talk, and much I have to hear then, opening
my mouth and not shutting my ear, between thee and me.
Services to all friends, and blessings God shower upon us and
all ours.'* 1 p. Seal of arms.
Addressed hy Sir Richard: — "For thyself, my -soul."
Snt Jeremy Smith to the Duke of Medina Celi.
1665-6, February 13-23. On board the Mary, Cadiz Bay-
Has come hither with the King of Great Britain's fleet, intend-
ing to water and take in provisions, but has been denied pratique
by the Governor. Is sorry that his master's interests "should
be so little where his deserts and confidence have been so
great, and his devotion so clear to befriend this Crown," as their
coming hither will shortly manifest, and prays his Excellency
to afford them suitable entertainment. \ p. Copy.
DxTQUE de Medina Celi to Don Gekonimo SMrrH.
1666, February [13-]23. Port St. Mary— Acknowledges Sir
Jeremy's letter and congratulates him on his safe arrival. As
regards the refusal of the Governor of Cadiz to allow pratique
to the fleet, orders have come from his Majesty (in respect of
the plague in England) not to admit any vessels from that king-
dom into the ports, in order not to risk the health of the people ;
but if Sir Jeremy finds it necessary to careen and take in water,
arrangements shall be made to enable him to do so. Spanish.
Copy. 1 p.
Sir Richard Fanshaw to Lady Panshaw.
1666, February [18-]28. Merida— My dearest dear, by the
date of this informing thyself, thou wilt find I draw near thee
as fast as I can, having never in my whole life more longed
to be with thee, and that is a proud oifie. Till then I am
silent, but very well and comfortable as to our particular,
however the public shall determine of their own concerns,
whereunto no endeavours of mine have or ever shall be wanting
neither.
Thine of the 3rd post I received in my way at Estremos,
and was very welcome.
Sir Robert Southwell comes with me. I wish D. Patricio
Hodser would meet [me] at Casa Rubias to tell what is pro-
vided as to him. I reckon I shall be there — ^at Casa Rubias —
on Saturday or Sunday next at night. God bless us all. The
Duke bestows to me high commendations on Dick- This
ni^ht I lodge at Medellin." 1 ^.
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Saiotel Small to Sm Richakd Fanshaw.
1666 [February 21-]March 3. Oporto— Has heard nothing
of his business since he left Madrid, and should be in despair
if he were not confident of his Excellency's amparo [support].
His kinsman, Edward Mellish, as chiefly interested in the
matter, is writing more at large concerning it, and also touching
some grievances of his own. 1 p.
Enwofsed: — "Received 10 April, s.n., per Mr. Crisp."
EDy^ARD Mellish to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1666 [February 22-]March 4. Oporto— The renown of your
Excellency's virtues emboldens me to beg your interposition at
this [Portuguese] Court, for the redress of the unheard of wrongs
and oppressions under which I have suffered, owing to the malice
of two wicked villains who, because I would not let them rob
me of my goods, have exhibited false articles against me to the
officers of the Custom House at Figueira, how that £ have
imported there in several barrels 700,000 pieces-of-eight, stamped
in England with this King's mark, and have bribed some of
the officers to connive at my landing them. The barrels were
proved to contain only shot and butter, and I made only culpable
of defrauding the King of his customs, of which also I was
innocent, for the barrels did not at all belong to me but to the
mariners of the ships, as I have demonstrated in a remonstrance
sent to Sir Robert Southwell and the Consul. But being sup-
posed culpable, I am obliged to run a suit of law against these
villains, which has already cost me three times more than the
penalty would have done, and my enemies are so powerful at this
Court that they persist in the impeachment concerning the
moneys and a fresh examination has been ordered, although
I was pronounced guiltless by the other.
I have always paid duty for my goods, but the truth is that
the officers in the Custom House have been guilty of many
misdemeanours, and the Dezembargador says the King must not
be a loser, and therefore, right or wrong, he has extorted the
money from us English, mtherto, God be praised, my inno-
cency has borne me out, but fearing to be engulfed a*^ last,
I pray your Excellency to pity me so far as to demand my
rearess of his Majesty at Salvaterra. I the rather venture
to ask this as knowing the protection you gave to my kinsman,
Sam. Small, at Ma&d, concerning the ship William and
Elizabethy unjustly taken and carried into Vigo, for though he
could not then effect his business, he acknowledged himself
infinitely bound to your Excellency, and brought me great hopes
of accomplishing it, especially as the matter has been par-
ticularly recommended to your Excellency by his Majesty in
letters granted to my brother-in-law, Mr. William Sherrington
of London. 2J pp.
Endorsed; — |leceived 10 April, s.n., per Mr. Crisp."
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Sir Biciiabd Fanshaw to Lady Fanshaw.
1666 [February 23.]March 6. 0iope8an-"My dearest life,
this is only to tell thee what is already above said, and that
myself — ^I thank God — and all my company are and have con-
tinued hitherto in perfect health, hoping to find thee and all
at home with the like, so remain my only dear love, thine ever."
Prewritten: — "Oropesa, Friday morning, 5th March, 1666.
At night at Talavera de la Reyna, six leagues. Saturday
night, St. Olalla, six leagues. Sunday night, at Casa Bubias,
six leagues. Monday nighty at Madrid, seven leagues. \ p.
Seal of arms.
Addressed by Sir Richard: — ^'^Para mi muger Dofia Ana
Fanshaw, que JDios guarde muchos a&os."
Labt Fakshaw to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1666 [February 25-]March 7. Madrid— My dearest life, a
thousand times I praise Ood for his mercy to me in brin^[ing]
thee so weU near me. I hope on Monday, Ood willing, I
shall see thee about two leagues off, but not to go into any
house, because it is needful to make haste hither, especially
if thou wilt do as the Duke advises by Father Patr[ickj, For
Sir Rob[ert] Sou[thwell], the master of the ceremonies says
that the style of this Court hath always been to have the
envoye to come secretly to the ambassador's house of his King,
and then upon the ambassador's advertising the Queen thereof
he shall be after three or four days put into a house of the
Queen's providing, with all necessaries and ceremonies belong-
ing to his quality, to which end I have provided the lower
quarter well dressed up for him and his man that waits on him ;
for his other servants they must lodge abroad. If thou likest
it I think it were well that he with his people might pass
over the river as we use to do by the Castle Decampajre, and so
come to our house by Santa Barberica in thy litter, if he have
no conveyance of his own, when thou comest into my coach,
at which time I do wish he may not use the northern custom
to salute me and mine— a thing never to be forgiven or for-
gotten in this Court — ^therefore I do earnestly desire that my
cousin Fanshaw or some other way may be found to advertise
him that here that is not to be done. So much for that.
Now, my love, take ereat care what thou sayest to F[ather]
P[atrick], who is to play a double game. Much he will tell
thee, and it is requisite thou should discover to him for the
Duk[e's] satisfaction so much of thy business as will stay his
stomach, but no more. For the pulse of this Court is this,
that they have been very high with the Duke, not because a
peace is not concluded with Portugal, but that the Duke did
rest assured, and so persuaded them, it should be so without
fail, upon which confidence there is neither money, commanders,
nor men provided for a war either offensive or defensive against
^at country, the fault o| whicl| is laid at his door. If thunder
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from heaven had struck them they could not remain more
stunned than they have been, and since distracted with calling
daily Councils of State and War, and all without resolution and
to no purpose, but in fine they suspend the resolution till they
have heard thee, hoping, as some of them have tcHd me, that
there is some door open for a treaty, which is more longed
for than ever fruit was by a woman with child, notwithstanding
all their punctilios. And all their hopes is in thy hands, what
ill words ever they may vent according to their customs, either
to make them a peace with Portugal or to help them to make
a war, in case the Portuguese be unreasonable, by the assistance
of England. Therefore it is requisite that thou should be
at once kind to F[ather] P[atrick], respective to' the Duke,
but withal to keep thy dignity, as having spent thy time, thy
money, and endured a hard perilous journey for their sakes,
all which, in case it should have no effect as to their redress,
deserves both a reward and much thanks, which thou wilt do
well to let them see thou expects.
The President and Penneirandy [Penaranda] at war with
the Duke, the Baron de Lesley suspected very false to the Duke,
the Confessor the same.
The Conde de Villin Brossey [Villa Fmbrosa], now President of
the Assiendaj much the Duke's, by love as well as by blood.
Caracena very ill relished, and not known how he will come off.
My love, I had not writ thus largely to thee, being so near
me, but that I judged it necessary to give thee these few hints,
upon which, God willing, we shall discourse more at large. In
the meantime thou mayst make use of this according to thy
discretion and the condition of thy business, in which God
Almighty ever with his mercy direct thee to his glory, the
honour of thy master and our good." 2\ pp.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Sm Jeremy Smith.
1666 [February 27-]March 9. Madrid — ^I arrived here from
Portugal yesterday evening, and at the same time came your
letter, informing me of his Majesty's frigates being denied
pratique in the Spanish ports. 1 have not yet had time to
wait upon the Queen or her ministers, but will do so before
the next post. " I question not but you have heard before this
time of the French King's having declared war against Eng-
land." I hope the ships which set Sir Robert Southwell ashore
at Cascayes have got safely to you. As yet we have no certain
news of my Lord Sandwich's arrival in Spain. All the news
from England is good. When we last heard the Eing was at
Whitehall. Copy. 1 p.
Sm Richard Fanshaw to Consul Morgan.
1666, March 3-13. Madrid — ^Received at Estremos his letter
suggesting a way for the safe conveyance of letters, and thanks
him for his care, but being only newly arrived at the Court,
has not yet had time to consilder the proposition. ^ p. Copy.
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Consul Mabtin Westcombe to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1666, March [4-] 14. Cadiz — ^We have notice of your Lord-
ship's return to Spain. It will be joyful news to the Spaniards
to hear that you have ended the differences with Portugal,
but the report here is that the treaty is broken off.
" All well at Tanger, praised be God. The 8th of last month,
Gueland with his fifteen thousand Moors of foot and two
thousand horse, attacked the Spanish garrison of Alarache, scal-
ing it with thirty ladders eariy in the morning, but was repulsed
and lost fourteen hundred men and many of tne best of Barbary,
and so Gueland departed. I hope now he hath lost the favour
of this nation by being unfaithful to his great promises of
friendship to this Crown, which persuades me to believe that
he will soon apply himself to a peace with Tanger.
"The Duque de Beaufort with his thirty men-of-war, with
the seven of the Dutch, are still in Thollon."
The frigate Antelope, Captain Hollis, arrived here a week
ago, and went to join Sir Jeremy Smith's squadron, which is
cruising off the Straits' mouth.
The Spanish armada ships here are fitting with all possible
haste. It is believed the Spaniards are afraid of the French
and Dutch design against their Nova Espana fleet, which is
expected about next August.
Ifo English ships may have pratique here as yet, "though,
God be praised, now in perfect health in England ; London iJie
place objected." 2 pp. [Compare letter to Lord Arlington
of this a<ite, Spanish Correspondence.']
CoNsiTL Samuel Travbes to Sni Richabd Fanshaw.
1666, March [13-] 23. Pontevedra— Master Thomas Goddard
and company have informed me of your Excellency's safe return
to Madrid, upon which I heartily congratulate you.
An hour ago I received a letter from Philip Stafford, my
substitute at the Groyne, dated yesterday, and informing me
that the Earl of Sandwich had entered the port accompanied
by two frigates. The Governor would not permit any to go
aboard, " but went himself in a shallop and showed the King's
order for not admitting English vessels by reason of the con-
tagion, to whom was delivered the testimony of health from
Portsmouth, which he sent hither, per ccreo to the Condestable,
and being in Latin he caused it to be translated into Spanish
and perused it." He has promised to let the Earl lanid, not in
the city of the Groyne but at some qmnta near, and that
those on board the ship may have any supplies they need.
I have told Stafford to attend diligently on his Excellency.
\\ pp.
SiE Richard Fanshaw and Snt Robert Southwell to the
CONDE DE CaSTELMELHOR.
1666, March [14-]24. Madrid— We arrived here on the 8th
inst., " and delivered the project brought with us to the Duke
91. P
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of Medina de las Torres, desiring liini to present it to the
Queen and that we might have speedy audience, that so I,
the envoy, might be back in Portugal by the latter end of
the month. . . . This Court was now already full of the
report that the treaty carried by me, the ambassador, into
Portugal was refused and larger conditions insisted upon,
whereupon they spread abroad that I Had bound up the
King of England, my master, by the said treaty to oblige
Portugal to accept it," or else that he must turn his arms
against the said kingdom. According to this groundless report,
the Duke returned us answer "that we were both highly
blamed here for setting to that project in Portugal," and that
they would do nothing until they heard the King of England's
opinion by an envoy who would presently be sent, exiting
the treaty to be ratified and Portugal forced to accept it. To
this we returned that it was impossible for our Ein^ to ratify
the treaty relating to Portugal without Portugal s consent
and that I, the envoy, had brought instructions to meet all
cases, and so there was no need to send an envoy to England.
The Secretary of State next sent me, the ambassador, a letter
returning the prmect and forbidding us to talk to the Queen
of it, whereupon I, the envoy, desir^ my passport to be gone ;
but yesterday Don Blasco de Loyala ^ave me some expectation,
of audience from the Queen, and said I might send a servant
into Portugal to comply with my promise. And I, the am-
bassador, finding how much this Court continued to reflect
on my reputation, wrote again to the Duke, who sends me
word by my secretary that what I say is true, so all this time
has been spent in groundless contentions and not about the
great affair which we have not been permitted to approach.
I, the envoy, now have promise of audience for to-morrow,
and will then in all haste return to Portugal, where we beg
you will keep yourselves free to accept what terms may be
obtained.
We have news from England, to our sorrow and our joy
that her Majesty, our mistress, " has miscarried at Oxford out
of apprehensions of danger the King was in, who was gone
to London, and where she herself now is in safety with him.
This is an earnest from heaven of the blessing we may expect
in a Prince of Wales," which will confirm the amity between
England and Portugal.
We see little reason for his most Christian Majesty having
declared war against England, mentioning no provocation but
his inclination to support the Dutch, "who have affronted and
invaded the rights of all the Princes in Europe but himself."
The said King has drawn thirty thousand men to the waterside,
it may be in order to invade England, where, " between soldiers
in pay and the militia of the provinces well armed and
equally valuable to the others in our account, near eighty
thousand men are ready to watch his landing." ffis ambassador
here wish^^ Spain tP trust him with the mediation of the pes^^
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and engages to oblige Portugal to accept less than was offered
by the Eing of England's mediation, and that if Spain will
join against England, he will assist her to regain Tanger and
Jamaica.
Tour Excellency will beware of suffering Portugal to enter
into any league with this Prince, whereby your design of join-
ing with England, your inseparable ally against the common
enemy in the Indies, would be disappointed. Copy. 3^ pp.
Don Maetin de Cayas Vasan, Governor of Cadiz, to "Don
Geeonimo Esmite."
1666, March [19-]^. Cadiz — Explaining the reasons why 1 ^
he cannot insist on the Dutch making satisfaction for their '
taking of an English halandra in the bay. Spanish. 2 pp.
Sm Jebemy SifriH to the Qovebnok of Cadiz.
1665-6, March 19-29. Cadiz Bay — Stating that he has received N
his letter of this date (as to the small vessel of wines taken ■
by the Dutch), but does not find therein the satisfaction which
the Ki^» his master, commands him to receive for wrongs done
to the English nation. If the applications for redress of what
they have suffered from the Dutch be not at once attended to,
a course will be taken to seek it another way. \ p.
William Blunden to [Lionel FanshawP].
1666, March [19-]29. Alicante — Cannot tell how the report
of Sir Jeremy Smith having met and worsted the Duke of
Beaufort got about, as news from Marseilles states that the
French fleet will not be ready to sail for a month, the delay
being caused by their extreme want of men. It is said they are
fitting up five more ships, and that they will have twelve fire-
ships, " which more signifies their fear tnan discretion, for such
an extravagant number are unusual in fleets far superior to
theirs." The Governor [of Alicante] promises to protect all
merchant ships in the port. \ p.
Sm BicHABD Fanshaw to Consul Wbstcohbe.
1666, March [20-]30. Madrid— Hears that Lord Sandwich
has arrived at Corunna, and presumes that some ships have
come with him to join Sir Jeremy Smith's squadron. Sends
a list [wanting] of the French men-of-war at Toulon, which
is to be communicated to Sir Jeremy. All well in England.
I p. Copy.
Henry Croone to Lionel Fanshaw, at Madrid.
1666, March [20-]30. Malaga— Regrets to hear that the
treaty with Portugal has not yet been effected, but is confident
that it will be concluded ere long, and trusts that it will be
P2
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before tke Earl of Sandwich's arrival, as it would be a great
pity that another should have the glory when Sir Bichard has
had all the trouble. The Lion and the Swallow have arrived
at Tanger and Sir Jeremy Smith is in Cadiz Bay. 1 p. Seal
of arms.
CoNSTJL Maetin Westcombe to Sir Jeeemy Smtih.
1666, March [21-]31. Cadiz — Stating that orders have come
from the King of Spain to the Duke of Medina Celi to admit
the Earl of Sandwich and his retinue to land where they
please, and to treat them with all possible courtesy, and con>-
plaining that he is in danger of being clapped into the common
gaol in consequence of the Dutch vessel from the East country
having been taken by the boats of the English frigates within
the limits of the port Does not wish to (question his honour's
proceedings, but must pray to be indemnified by him in this
matter. \\ pp. Copy.
Antonio de Soitsa de Macedo to Sie Bichaed Fanshaw.
1666 [March 24-]April 3. Lisbon— I thank your Excellency
for your much valued letter of March 25. We rejoice to hear
that you are all well, and my wife. Donna Marianna, sends
especial greetings to my lady, the ambassadress.
As regards business, the ministers of that .[the Spanish]
Court are deceived by the delay of the King of France in
proceeding to war against Castile, not understanding that the
hesitation of Portugal is the cause, and that it will break out
when Portugal desires. No one can hope that Castile will
have aid from his Britannic Majesty, because he must give this
either of his generosity or in the interests of his State. If the
former, it is clear that his help must go to his brother-in-law
and friend, who fights in a just cause; if the latter, it is also
clear that he cannot join Castile if this power carries on war
with Portugal, since in this case Castile would not be im-
portant, and the alliance woidd be only a burden and no profit.
And if Castile thinks that England will help her in order
that France may not advance further, she is mistaken, for if
France allows England to dominate Holland, France will also
wish her to advance against Spain. Finally, in the way in
which this people become agitated and down-hearted on the
slightest occasion, your Excellency will recognize their natural
condition, and still more in the equivocation — ^to give it no
other name — with which they desire to persuade people that
your Excellency will promise them things which they cannot
imagine. May God dispose all things better than men know
how to desire, so that means fail not for the good of both
Portugal and Eneland,
I send you the papers concerning what passed on the frontiers
with the Jesuit fatbera. Jt is no new thing that tbey deny
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everything there. In what they say of your Excellency's
S remises we may see their sincerity in the affair. The Comte
e Castelmelhor will tell you the intentions of the King of
Great Britain, by our master's orders. Signed. Spanish.
^IP-
Endorsed: — "Received at Madrid 10 ditto, s.n., per Mr.
Edward Crispe."
Consul Westcombe to Snt Bichabd Fanshaw.
1666 [March 25-]April 4. Cadiz— The Earl of Sandwich is
daily expected here from England, and it is said that a house
is to be provided for him in Seville. It is generally reported
that the hoped-for adjustment with PortugiQ is quite broken
off, and the bruit runs that the Portuguese are in arms again
and doing daily mischief on the frontiers. " All well in Tan-
gier, praised be God, and believed that Gueland will suddenly
court a peace with that garrison, now that he hath totally lost
his credit with the grandees of this nation. We hear nothing
of the Duque de Beaufort, which makes us believe he is still
in ThoUon.'* Sir Jeremy Smith, with his squadron of fifteen
or sixteen frigates, is supposed to be about the Straits mouth.
I pray you write to him to keep me indemnified from suffering
by any of his actions — as I am like to do about the Dutch
vessel taken by his boats — ^for ** our King's affairs will in these
parts go at six and seven if I am clapped up in prison." 2 pp.
Endosing^
An invoice of the cargo of the Dutch vessel taken hy
Sir Jeremy Smithy consisting of ydlow beeswaoi, pigs of
leady ^^ trijntrapes" pipe staves, cases of bottles and fifty
boxes of amher to make beads.
LoED Belasyse to Consul WESTcoiiiBE.
1666, March 26, April 5. Tanger — On receipt of your last
I went aboard the Admiral and urged Sir Jeremy to make
restitution of the ship taken from the Dutch, " which he no
way inclined to do, alleging her lawful prize and out of the
power of the Spanish guns or protection, but in truth the ship
is delivered up here to the Commissioners (after condemnation),
so plundered by the boats that took her as she is not fit or
worth the re-delivery." However, as she is, aiiyone may have
either ship, goods or both at the rates expressed in your letter.
All the prizes brought in by Sir Jeremy are of small value,
" and I assure you I gratify none of my friends in good bargains,
being rather obliged in my honour and trust to hold them up
to good values, lest his Majesty should be abused. . . .
I hope there will be no cause from the Spaniards to be severe
upon you about a business you are no way concerned in, and
most undoubtedly my Lord Sandwich at his arrival will protect
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you from any trouble, when so many great occasions for union
betwixt the two crowns interpose."
I have written to Lieut.-Col. Fitzgerald, now at Cadiz, about
the purchase of the barco longo. Sir Jeremy Smith set sail
this morning for England. 1 p. Copy hy Westcombe.
Sm RiciiAED Fanshaw to Sir Jeremy Smith.
1666 [March 27-]April 6. Madrid — ^I have received yours
from Cadiz, and with it a list of the ships which are to come
out with the Duke of Beaufort, and a letter to Sir Bobert
Southwell, which is already delivered, as he is at this Court.
You speak of touching at Lisbon on your way back to England,
in which case I beg you to advertise me thereof, as some of
my family may be awaiting such an opportrmity to return
home. " Here are at present several news by way of Flanders
very exceeding good for England, whereof you will hear from
other hands. I dare not be the author of any of them further
than through an implicit faith that God Almighty will ever
bless us, as he ever hath done in all ages whenever we were our-
selves, that is to say England, united; and as to yourself in
particidar, I do hope and expect from your tried valour and
vigilance— although I confess you have a tough task in hand,
and therefore worthy of you — ^you will make as good news in
performance as can be sent you in rumour or reality either
from the north, whereof I despair not in the least to make a
double echo. This, above all, take as a high instance of bless-
ings from above, that the first week of March there died in
London but twenty-eight of the plague." Draft. 2 J pp.
Tangier.
1666, April 2. Tangier — Manuscript copy in Spanish of
the Articles of Peace between Lord Belasyse and Cedi Hamet
el Hader Ben AH Gayld/tiy of which there is a printed copy
in English in the Tangiers Correspondence. 2| pp.
[Printed in^Davis^s "Histoiy of the Second, Queen's Royal
Regiment," Appendix D.']
Consul Westcombe to Sir Richard Fansiiaw.
1666, April [8-] 18. Cadiz — The prison keeper has this
morning ffiven me leave (for my money) to come home and
write my letters. Being a prisoner, I could not myself deliver
what you enclosed for the Duke of Medina Celys, but have
sent it by a person of quality.
Lord Belasyse is now at Sevilla, and intends to go for Eng-
land on the Hampshire frigate. Captain Pratt, which is now
in the port. He has made a firm peace with Gueland. Col.
Norwood has arrived at Tanger, where he is now Lieutenant-
Governor.
I pray your Lordship to give his Majesty of England an
account of the abuses to his subjects here "by the Governor
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protecting the Dutch in all their villanies and imprisoning of
me and slighting the character of being his servant and consul
in this factory as in other occasions. If your Lordship stand
not by me in this time of need, farewell all consuls." 2 j?jp.
Endorsed:— ''lieceiyed 16-26 ditto. Ans. 17-27 ditto."
And by Lady Fanshaw : — " Marchands afares and sey afares."
Endosmfff
Another letter from himudf to Sir Richard, in Spanish,
complaining of his wrongs, and praying Sir Richard to
represent them to his Cainolic Majesty. 24 pp,
[Sir Richard^ s answer to these letters, datea April 17-27, is
in the Spanish Correspondence.']
Consul Westcombe to Sir Bicha&d Fanshaw.
1666, April [15-]25. Cadiz— Stating that the Hampshire
frigate is still waiting Lord Belasyse s return from Sevilla,
and that advices from Alicante say tnat Mons. de Beaufort and
his fleet will not come out of Toulon before the end of May.
1 p.
Endorsed:— ''^ea. May the 3rd, 1666. Ans. 4th ditto."
Consul Westcombe to Snt Richabd Fanshaw.
1666, April [15-]25. Cadiz — Complaining of his imprison-
ment by the malice of the Dutch, aided by the Governor of
the city, and of the confiscation of all his goods, even to the
very bed on which he sleeps, and begging his Excellency to
move the King of Spain to order his release and the restoration
of his goods and also to reprehend the ofiElcers, that such violent
proceedings may not take place in future without express orders
from his Majesty and notice given to the representative of the
Sing of England. Spanish. \\ pp.
Sib Bichabd Fanshaw to Lokd Bellasyse.
1666, April [17-]27. Madrid — Acknowledging the rtceipt of
a copy of the articles of peace with Guyland, congratulating his
Lordship on having arranged them, and stating that there is
no news in the country save the one important but long looked-
for event, ** namely, the marriage of the Empress on Sunday
last — Duke of Medina de las Torres proxy — and her imperial
Majesty's journey to begin to-morrow, Wednesday, towards
Vienna." Copy. \ p.
Consul Giles Woodwabd to Snt Bichaed Fanshaw.
1666, April [17-]27. Malaga — ^I have nothing to offer you
but complaints of our sub-governor or Alcalde mayor, the
Marques de Aquila Fuente being gone to Granada about a
fortnight since, whom we thought too harsh and rigid, but
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this man is abundantly worse. Some ten days since three Eng-
lish ships came here^ but the Alcalde drove them out into the
bay by firing seven or eight guns at them, which must have
done them no small mischief. ''The fear they had of some
ships ofi at sea made them creep in a little nearer" again,
and the Alcalde using this against me last Wednesday seized
me and hath kept me in the common prison ever since. The
whole place crys shame on him, and most of the gentlemen
of the town have spoken with him about it and demanded
his reason for it, but he is resolved to keep me prisoner until
the ships are gone. I beg your Excellency to procure me
redress from the tyranny of this madman, and that ''for the
future their hands may be bound up ... or else a consul
here will signify very little." I made my address to Don
Christoval Munez de Escovan, our Judge-Conservador at
Granada, who sent me the enclosed despatch, but this Alcalde
refused observance thereof. 2 pp.
Enclosing,
The above-mentioned despateh. Spanish', b^ pp.
Consul Westcombe to Sia Jeeemy Smith.
1666, April [18-]28. Cadiz— The storm which I feared about
the taking of the Dutch vessel is now come upon me, and I
have been a close prisoner in the common gaol since the 8th
inst., everything in my house, even to my very bed, being
sequestered. "All this had been excused had your honour
been pleased to let the Dutch merchants redeem or buy their
ship and goods again, according to my earnest request." I
believe you were persuaded against it by Mr. James Coningan,
" that false Scot and embroiler of the whole world." If you
had known him as well as I do, you would have made no
account of his advice. He is no ways concerned with our
nation, being here married and naturalized as a subject to this
Crown. I have given my Lord Ambassador Fanshaw an account
how I am used, and am now writing to Lord Arlington. Copy.
[^The letter to Lord Arlington is in the Spanish Correspon-
dence under date, and also another copy (seui to him) of this
letter.']
Consul Westcombe to Sir Richard Fansiuw.
1666 [April 22-] May 2. Cadiz — I am much engaged to your
Lordship for your care in procuring my release. If you could
obtain a cedulla that the Consul in future shall not be
imprisoned nor his house \'isited (which hitherto any Governor
or inferior minister have done at their will and pleasure) it
would be a great piece of service to his Majesty, as then
his servants would always be free to do him service, and all
their letters and papers secure in their houses. Also it will
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unite the factories to the Consul (if only for their own interest),
as his house would be a sanctuary for both their persons and
estates. The privilege can hardly be denied, as the only reason
the Spaniards allege for searching is the fear that his Majesty's
customs may be defrauded, whereas the consuls '* do not tradic
or commerce." This would be much better than if the factors
should obtain it for their own houses, as it said they mean
to solicit to my Lord of Sandwich, for then we shall never
have but confusion and disorder amongst us, and then they
will slight and scorn the Consul, as ihey have been so apt
to do.
The Hampshire left last Tuesday for England, with Lord
Belasyse on board.
The Duke of Beaufort is ransoming the French captives at
Argier for 100 pieces-of-eight apiece, and will use them to
furnish his fleet. I send you a letter received from Sir Henry
Cholmley.
The Spanish squadron of eleven sail are making ready to
depart. Some say they go for the Straits with the galleys to
convoy the Emperatrice, others that they are going to the
coast of Portugal to hinder the entry of provisions into that
country, ** but the most certain account is, th^ go to surprize
the French ladies that are to come with six ships to Lishboa to
match with the King of Portugal and his brother."
Postscrijd. — I hear that the Governor is sending up all the
autos about the ballandra of French wines taken from us by
the Dutch, the Queen having commanded him to do so. 3 pp.
Enclosing^
Sir Heiiry Cholmdey to Consul Martin Westcombe.
1666, April 16-26. Tangier — Requesting him to for-
ward a package to England^ and stating that on the follow-
ing Wednesday they proclaim the peace with Gayland, J p.
William Blunden to Sir Richakd Fanshaw.
1606 [April 29-]AIay 9. Alicante — The French fleet has
been eleven days out of Toulon, and yesterday appeared before
this port with thirty-two men-of-war, the eight Hollanders, ten
fireships and eighteen sail of merchantmen under their convoy ;
the Duke of Beaufort Admiral. Twelve galleys are to follow
them. *' They make great enquiiy after our fleet, and it is
generally believed they will make a bravado before Tanger."
They report themselves that they are bound for Eochelle, where
they are to join with a hundred and four sail of Dutch men-
of-war, who are to come about by the north of Scotland. None
of their fleet have been to Argier, but the Consul is treating
for the redemption of the French mariners there. The Beyna,
one of their new and best ships, proves so leaky that she
will have to put into Cartagena for repairs. | p.
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Consul Westcombe to Sie Eichard Fanshaw.
1666 [April 29-]May 9. Cadiz— Complaining that he is stQl
a prisoner, and has to pay exorbitant sums to the gaoler and
escrivano for permission to go occasionally to his house, besides
all other charges, whereby he is almost mined and made weary
of his life. 3 pp.
William Blunden to Lyonel Fanshaw.
1666 [April 30-]May 10. Alicante— Wrote to Sir Richard
by the Valencia post, of the passing of the French armada.
The twelve galleys have now passed, and it seems they intend
to visit Tanger, but they carry no land soldiers, more than the
number customary to man their fleet. They are commanded
by the Marquis of Biuon. ^ p.
Consul Westcx)mbe to Si& Eicilvrd Fansilvw.
1666, May [6-] 16. Cadiz — ^I expected by yours of the 4th
to receive tidings of my releasement, and an order "for my
howsel stuff and one slave to be disembargued . . . pray,
my Lord, get me out of this unreasonable confinement" and
procure a remedy for the future.
The bruit here is general that the French and Dutch fleets
intend to attack Tanger. I have given notice of it to CoL
Norwood, and hear from him that they are "in a posture to
entertain their enemies better than they think." 2 pp.
Colonel H. Norwood to Sm Bichabd Fanshaw.
1666, May 9-19. Tangier — ^It is reported here " that my lady
was already gone for England, and that your Excellency was
upon the point of going. If the premises be true, I dare pro-
nounce the conclusion so. . . . We are looking out sharply
for Mons. Beaufort with the French armada to attack us, as is
given out from all parts. I am so charitable for that nation
as to think their affairs are not managed by such weak counsels,
for if they force us to set our wit to theirs, we shall — to human
understanding — use them no better than they were treated at
Gigery." J p.
Endorsed:— 'Bee. 21-31 ditto."
Consul Wbstcombe to Sm Richard Fanshaw.
1666, May [13-]23. Cadiz — I am still waiting for the good
hour when your Lordship shall have procured my liberty, and
"have me excluded from the persecution I receive here for
the actions of our English Admirals, as that of Admiral Allin.
I am sued for one million of piece s-of -eight, the impost of the
Smyrna ships taken from the Dutch, and now 13,000 pieces-
of-eight for the ship and cargo of the ship Sir Jeremy took
in sight of this bay the 30th of March last"
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The Duke of Medina's Auditor General, Ferdinand Ximines,
a man ripe for any mischief, has put it into the head of
the Dutch Commissary, Gilberto Melee, at St. Mary Port^ to
bring a process against me concerning the Smyrna ships taken
and sunk by Admiral Allin, and by order of the Consejo
de gtterra, the atUos or pleito goes up to Madrid this very day.
It imports much that a defence should be made on our side
to the said Consejoy who, it is reported, will give any sentence
for money.
The pleito of the balandra of French wines taken from us
by the Dutch goes up also to-day. "If the Spaniards have
any shame in them or Christianily " they cannot but order us
satisfaction.
Last Wednesday the Duke of Beaufort's fleet came to an
anchor in eight of this bay, near Rotta. IList of ships, as
on p. 249.] ** Ships that came in their convoy from Malaga,
Genoveses, were asnamed to see how they handled their sails.
Twenty English frigates would rout them all to pieces." Their
design is variously reported, some saying they are to lie off
this coast this summer, others that they sail to-morrow for
Lishboa to land the com and soldiers they have for them.
The most probable is that they are going for the north and
will touch at Lishboa on the way, for the French living ashore
here have sent aboard above two millions of pieces-of-eight
as returns for linens the French merchants have sold here.
A French ship of St. Male's, the St. Joseph^ goes hence with
them very richly laden. I heartily wish a competent nimiber
of our frigates may meet them. 4 pp.
The French Fleet.
1666 [May 13-23] — Separation des escadres de Fannee de
Roy en Levant, I'anee 1666."
DAmiraL
La ThSrese.
Le St. Joseph.
Le St, Louis.
La Ville de Rotten.
L*Escureiiil.
VInf orate.
Le Cesar.
La Vierge.
UHercide.
Le Croissant.
Escadre de TAmiral.
Matelote de
TAmiral.
Malelote de St.
Louis.
Brusleaux [fireships].
lie St. Cyprien brus-
leau de VAmiral.
Le BUbeaud [brus-
leau] du St. Louis.
Les Trois Roy brus-
leau du Cesar.
Le St. Augustin brus-
leau pour V Herctde.
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Escadre du Vis-Amiral.
La Royalle, Vis-Ami-
ral.
Le Jvllue \sic].
UEstoille de Dianne.
La Reyne.
Le Sauveur.
La Ste. Anne,
La Palme.
La Frangoise.
Le Ligoumois.
Le Soleil d'Affrique.
Matelote de la
Reyne,
Matelote de la
Framboise.
Le Guillaume, brus-
leau du Vis-Amiral.
Le Ray David brusleau
de la Reyne,
La Concorde brusleau
de la Franqoise.
Le Dauphin,
Amiral.
Le Soleil,
Le Lion d^Or.
UAnna,
Escadre du Contre Amiral.
Contre Matelote du Davr Le Flambeau, brusleau
phin, Contre du Dauphin^ Contre
Amiral. Amiral.
Le St. Anthoine, brus-
leau de VAnna.
Le Dragon,
UElheuf.
Le Lion Rouge.
Le Palmier.
La Perle.
La Nostre Dams.
Ordres pour la Route.
" Pendant la route, la vice-amiral et son escadre seront tous-
jours a tribord de F Amiral, et Contre-amiral et son escadre
a besbord, assez esloignez pour laisser les baisseaux de son
escadre avec lui, et chaque vaisseau de son escadre sy bien
dans son poste qu'il ny ayt pont d'ambras [embarras] sy on
rencontroit le ennemy. Le Contre-amiral avec son escadre eer-
rera la fiUe quand il en sera besoin et ne caissera [laissera?]
aucune navire merchand de I'arriere et pandant une chasse ne les
abandonnera point, a moinge que Tamiral par son signal par-
ticulier ne les faict chasser Tescadre des Messieurs les Estates
Genereaux d'Holande, sera tousjours soubs le vent de Tarmee
du roy, sy Monsieur le Commandant n'ayme mieux estre de
Tarriere de Monsieur Tamiral." 1^ pp.
Underwritten,
Consul M. Westconibe to Sir Richard Fanshaw,
16GG, May [13-J23. Cadiz — Stating that this paper of
orders of the Duke of Beaufort and the arrangement of
his ships has been given to him this morning by one thai
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" prioatdy procured the same oui of the seeretaria of the
Duke,*' and suggesting that it would not be amiss to send
it to the King, \ p,
[Snt BiCHARB Fanshaw] to the [Duke of Medina db las
TOEEES].
1666 [May 22-]June 1— The Earl of Sandwich, ambassador
extraordinary from the King, my master, brings two commissions
for her Majesty the Queen, one of condolence, the other con-
cerning business of much importance to both Crowns; and as
his Excellency feels that he ought to lose no time in beginning
the latter, while he prepares for his public audience — ^for which
he reserves the former— -ie has requested me to ascertain in what
way he may obtain a private audience of her Majesty. Trust-
ing to the kindness which I have so often experienced from
your Excellency, I beg you to arrange this private audience,
at whatever time is least inconvenient to her Majesty, and that
I may accompany the Earl to introduce him, such being his
desire. Spanish. Draft. 4 p,
{In a letter to Arlington (June 2ndy Spanish Correspondence )y
Fanshaw says that he has applied to the Duke for this private
audience,"]
Consul Westoombe to Sm Richaed Fanshaw.
1666, June [3-] 13. Cadisi— "I cannot without much regret
hear of your Lordship's leaving this Court. Seeing it must
be so I have nothing to say but to wish your Lordslap and all
your concerns all happiness and prosperity." I beg you to
recommend me to my lord of Sandwich and to do what you
can for me when you arrive in England. I cannot but tell
you afresh how much I suffer by my continual imprisonment,
and " no longer than yesterday, being in the street by connivance
of the gaoler, I met with the Auditor de lo maritime and [he]
asked me how I dared to appear in the streets, and in a very
scornful manner bid me to prison presently, as if I had com-
mitted some great crime,*' when I am only suffering for what
was done by Sir Jeremy Smith. The Duke of Beaufort is said
to be on the Portuguese coast, " and will there tarry until the
two ladies expected at Lishboa, his nieces, arrive there safe from
the interception of the seventeen Spanish men-of-war which are
before the mouth of Lishboa. 3 pp.
Consul Westoombe to Snt Richaed Fanshaw.
1666, June [17.]27. Cadis^— Thanks his Excellency for
promising to represent his condition viva voce in England.
Reiterates his complaints against the Spanish authorities and
the English merchants, and also against the Dutch Commissary
in relation to the ships taken by Sir Thomas AUin, and prays
tbftt Lord Sandwich may be fully acquainted with the matter.
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In evidence of his attention to his Excellency's commands,
sends the enclosed paper of April Ist, 1664, concerning which
he went over to St. Mary Port, but could not by any means
prevail for the thing desired. Also encloses a relation of the
taking of another English ship, the Waterhouse, by the Spanish
armada. They mean to condemn all, right or wrong, nor can
he find any lawyer who will draw him up a petition in this
case. They are a strange people, and no justice can be expected
of them, by reason of which and other things he is quite
weary of his oflSce. 3 pp.
Endorsed:— ''Hec. 6th July, s.n."
Enclosing,
1. 1664 \_Mareh ^ii2r'\AprU 1. SevUla — Memorandum
that the Lord Ambassador Fanshaw vnshes copies to he
procured, if possible, of the letters interchanged by the
Condi de PeHaranda and the Dugue de Medina Cdi ' can^
ccming Blahe^s hovering on the coast of Andalusia and
CromMdPs fleet at the same time in the West Indies.'* J p.
2. 1666, June [9-] 19. Cadiz Bay — Deda/ration ofChris^
topher Tronco, gunner's mate, and seven others of the ship
Waterhouse of London that on May \%th last, being then
about the rock of Lisboa, they were chased and boaraed by
a Spanish vessel, when they m^de no resistance, but cried
for quarter, notwithstanding which the Spaniards, entering
the great cabin and gun room, killed the Captain, mortally
wounded several others, and brought the ship and goods into
the bay of Cadiz, where deponents are kept dose prisoners.
1 p.
Capt. Robert Feerers to Lionel Fanshaw.
1666 [June 23-] July 3— My Lord Sandwich bids me tell you
that he has this afternoon to make visits to several of the
Council, and at six o'clock to meet the Duke of Medina at
the Bu>en Retiro, but about eight o'clock he will not fail either
to wait upon my lady himself or send Mr. Godolphin, in order
to give her satisfaction for all such things as are agreed upon
according to Sir Benjamin Wright's and Mr. Goddard's arbitra^
ment. 1 p.
Sir Eobert Southwell to Lady Fanshaw.
1666 [September 23-]October 3. Madrid— The sight of this
place "does very sensibly renew the grief I sustained for the
loss of my dear Lord Fanshaw, so eminent a subject of his
Majesty's and so worthv a friend to myself. It is true I had
eased somewhat my mmd in contemplation of his happiness,
and that the virtues he died withal had conveyed him to that
rest which God Almighty provides for those who give so happy
an account of their lives, but I am sufficiently amazed to hear
that soon after my departure for Portugal and his Excellency's
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death some of Us domestic servantfl should confidently affinn
that I used an insupportable insolence to his Excellency,
and that the same was a chief part of his disease
and a great occasion of his death." I am confident
that I need not assure you how clear my jconscience is
herein, and all my letters will show the veneration with which
I spoke of him. Also he himself frequently assured me
that it was a happiness to him to have employed with him
" one who was his friend and the son of his friend, and he did
hope that it should therefore not be unhappy to me neither."
I beg your ladyship ** to conjure those persons who so easily
cast on me this black aspersion to be friends to truth if
not to me, for I do protest unto your ladyship that my
zeal is so great to pay by all the good offices of my life in
whatever I am able to the memory of my dear Lord Fan-
fihaw, now in heaven, and to all the shares and portions of bim
that are left, that none shall quietly disturb my intentions
or blast the friendship that was between us." I wish your
ladyship, with your daughters and son, a happy end to your
travels. 2J pp.
Snt RicHARB Fanshaw.
[1666 ?] — Certificate written and signed by Lionel Fanshaw,
stating that Sir Bichard despatched Major Fairbome to Eng-
land on November 1, 1666, n.s., with a rough draft of the
articles which he signed with the Duke of Medina de las Torres
on the 7-17 December, and that Major Fairbome delivered the
said despatches to Lord Arlington on November 13-23, as
appears by his Lordship's letter of November 14. So that
twenty-four days elapsed between the time of the receipt of
the letters in England and the signing of the articles \ p,
lApparerUly written in England, as the water mark is not like
any ^of those in the paper used in Spain, but is the same as
that of the order of the Queen Mother's Council y hdowJ]
HxTMPHBEY, Bishop of London, to [Lady Fanshaw].
1667 [-8], January 7 — ^' I first render my thanks to your lady-
ship for the great favour for twice coming to visit me, and I should
most gladly [have] attended your ladyship if my condition
would have given me leave, but my physicians have strictly
enjoined me to reserve myself from company, so that I have
not seen any lady these four months, though many have come
and desired to see me, and I must use the same privacy until
the spring. Your ladyship I know will favouraoly interpret
this my defence.
As to the lease of Frunton [Frinton] I know your ladyship
bath had possessioTi thereof but since Michaelmas, 1667 \jic\x
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and these two sad years I believe might render no other profit
than what your ladyship mentions in your letter, for a worthy
person that holds a manor in Essex worth 300Z. by the year
made this year last past but lOOL It was a bad year all over
England but 6pecially in that county, as the oldest man living
did never know the like, and I hope no future age will feel
such a misery. The preceding year, by the misery of war at
sea, interruption of trade and cheapness of all native commodi-
ties, reduced the land to very low revenue, but these two years
must not be the measure of future valuations, peace and God's
blessing upon the kingdom will in human judgment advance the
value of land to ancient rents and rates. And particularly Frun •
ton was in the year 1647, when the Parliament invaded church
land, surveyed and returned to be worth two hundred and four-
teen pounds, six shilUngs, eight pence. It was bought then by
Mr. Wakering, that was very serviceable to that generation of
men, and the surveyors did not use to prepare hard bargains
for their good friends. Add that above forty years since the
Bishop's accounts and memorials mention near about that value,
and these are competent rules for me to proceed by, so that
your ladyship will have just cause to judge that I have great
respect unto you when I demand one hundred and thirty pounds
and no more to change your present estate into twenty-one years.
I have set your ladyship the price and hopeyour ladyship will
not dislike it. I pray for your ladyship." Molograpn. i\ pp.
Lady Fanshaw.
1668[-9]February 25. Queen [Mother's] Council Chamber in
Denmark House — Order by her Majesty's Council that Lady
Fanshaw, tenant of the Queen [Mother's] manors of Hitchin
and Tring, co. Hertford, having prayed that she might be ad-
mitted to account for t£e rents, &c., of the said manors as bailiff
and not as lessee, and then to surrender the leases, the said
lady Fanshaw is to pay the sum of 105Z. 17*. 3J<i., due to her
Majesty, and is then to be discharged of all debts and accounts
concerning the manors and to render up her leases. Signed
by Sir John Wintour, Sir Robert Long, Sir Peter Balle and
Edward Walpoole. 1 p.
Annexedy
Receipt by John Watts, receiver for co. Hertford, for
the above sum, March 4th, 1668-9. J p.
Lady Fanshaw and Thomas Hawes.
1672, June 28-^Articles of agreement whereby, in considerar
tion of the payinent of 50/., Dame Anne Fanshaw of Lincoln's
Inn Fields assigns to Thomas Hawes of Poplar the residue of
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her lease of a messuage in tte parish of Hertingfordbury, co.
Hertford. Signed and sealed by Thomas Hawes, 1 sheet.
Annexed,
Bond of Thomas Hawes to Lady Fanshaw in lOOZ., con^
ditioned for the due performance of the covenants of the
above agreement. Same date. Signed and sealed. | p.
Duke of Somerset to the Dowager Lady Fanshaw, Lincoln's
Inn Fields.
1672, November 4th — I have received your letter proposing
to purchase Hewish Farme, allowing its value — IflOOt. — out
of the monevs I owe you. Concerning the planting of young
trees, I shall readily comply with your ladyship's proposal, "I
being never scrupulous in trifles. Ryder has promised me to
pay in the remainder of your moneys betwixt this and Christmas,
which will afford me that satisfaction that I am so much nearer
being out of debt." If you will send your servant to Mr.
Thomas in Gray's Inn he will draw up your lease, and I will
seal it without delay. Signed. 1 p.
Fanshaw Family.
Undated draft by Lady Fanshaw of an inscription " for a plain
stone to be set up over the vault of the family of the r an-
shawes in Ware Church in the county of Hertford."
"Here lies buried Thomas Fanshaw of Inkens [Jenkins] in
Essex, son of John Fanshawe of Fanshaw-gate in Derbyshire,
bought Ware Park. He was Remembrancer of the Exchequer
in the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's time; he inherited it
from his uncle. He married first the daughter of Anthony
Bourchxer, Esq., by whom he had only one son, Sir Henry Fan-
shaw of Ware Park, Remembrancer of the Exchequer, and aft^r
her decease he married the daughter of Customer Smith, by
whom he had Sir Thomas Fanshaw, Clerk of the Council, and
William Fanshaw, auditor of the Duchy, and three daughters.
The eldest married Sir Christopher Hatton of Cerbey [Kirby]
in Northamptonshire ; the second married Sir Benjamin Ayloffe
of Braxted in Essex ; the third married Thomas fiuUock, Esq.,
of Norton in Derbyshire. Sir Henry Fanshaw left Sir Thomas
Fanshaw, after Lord Vise. Fanshaw, Remembrancer of the
Exchequer; Henry Fanshaw, Esq., soldier, died in Holland;
John Fanshaw, Esq., Sir Simon Fanshaw and Sir Richard
Fanshaw, who was Remembrancer of the Exchequer to Charles
I. and Secretary of the Council of War to Charles II., and
Secretary of the Latin and Master of Requests, and his Majesty's
ambassador to Portugal and Spain. He likewise left four
daughters, the eldest married Sir Capell Bedells of Homerton
in Huntingdonshire, and the second to Thomas * Nues [Newse]
« Lady Fanslutw Qtlls him WilHam in her '* Memoir$''
8*.
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268
of Hadham, Esq., in Hertfordshire, and the third died un-
married, the fourth married Sir William Butler of [Teston]
in Kent.
The Lord Viscount Fanshaw left four sons, Thomas, Lord
Viscount Fanshaw, and Henry, Charles and Simon, and four
daughters, Ann, Mary, Katherine and Elizabeth. Tliis Lord
Viscount Fanshaw sold AVare Park to Sir Thomas Bidd [Byde]
in the year of our Lord 1668, having been three generations
complete in the family of the Fanshaws." 1 p.
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INDEX.
Abdals or Abdalki, the lamt, ion of
Ben Bowcar, 159, 186, 212.
Abrahamaon, Abraham, 137.
Acuna, Juan Nufiei de. See Nufies.
Admiraltj, judge of, in Cornwall, 219.
Africa, 59, 125, 149, 150, 163.
ocMnmeroe with the porta of, for-
bidden by Spain, 162.
African prince, 202.
Africans, the, 12L
Alarache, Spanish garrison of, 241«
AIar9on, Don Francisco de, Conde de
Torres Vedras, 199, 203 (2), 204.
wife of, 204.
mother of, 199.
Albemarle, Duke of. See Monck.
Alburquerque, Dnke of, 39, 232 (2).
Akacer. See Alcasser.
Alcacevas, 102, 107.
Alcalla, Duke of, son of the Duke of
Medina Geli, 189.
Aloantra, abbess of. See Cms, sister
Maha de la.
Alcassar or Alcaser, Africa, 202, 212.
Alcasser or Alcacer da Sal, 100, 102,
107.
Alentejo, proyince or frontiers of, 50,
85 (2), 92.
generaUssimo in. Su Marialja,
Marques de.
English troops in, 29.
Portuguese army in, 55, 142, 153.
Don Juan marches into, 101.
Algarve or Alganres, proyince of, 119,
121, 212, 235.
— goyemor of, 121 (2), 212.
Algaryes honej, 71.
Algibarrota, battle of, 85.
Algiers, Algiere, Argiers or Argiere,
30, 151, 165, 168, 184.
bay, letter dated from, 148.
captiyes or slayes at, 88, 249 (2).
Divan of, 232.
Duana at, 214, 284.
English consul at, 209, 249.
Algiers-H^oiU.
fear of infection Irom, 162.
letter dated at. 214.
Pashaw at, 214.
peace concluded with, 51, 169 (2),
172, 209.
people or Turks of, Algerines or
Argereens, 88, 182, 185, 224.
character of, 148, 154, 214.
preseryation of peace with,
201, 209, 214.
ships taken by, 151, 201 (2),
202, 206, 207, 209, 214.
the plague at, 110.
ships of, 143, 232.
burnt by the French, 186.
war with, 148.
AUcante, 160, 161, 163, 164, 165, 169,
183, 202, 247, 249.
Enfflidi Consul at. See Blunden,
William.
Qoyemor of, 243.
letters dated at, 155, 169, 183, 185,
217, 243, 249, 253.
Road, English fleet in, 154, 155.
ship taken in, 220.
Allestree, Dr., 130.
Allin or Alien :
Francis, 221.
Admiral or Captain Sir Thomas,
45 (2), 51, 169, 174, 177, 179,
201, 250, 251, 253.
fleet under command of, 35,
165, 166, 177, 181.
letters from, 165, 169, 172-
174.
letters to, 40, 173.
ships of, lost, 171, 172.
yictory of, oyer Uie Dutch,
173 (2).
is going for England, 173, 174,
178, 181.
brother of, 174.
Alme^rin, the King of Portugal at,
Alonso, Don, secretary to the Duke
of Medina de las Torres, 229.
Alsace, free towns of, 149.
Alsopp, Col. Roger, 158.
letters from, 156, 164.
Alva, Duke of, 39.
Q2
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260
Ambassadon. See the several coun-
tries, Amhassadors to and from.
precedency of, 45.
Amboyna, the business of, 4, 5.
Ameixial or £1 Canal, battle of, lCy4,
106 (2), 110 (2), 112 (2), 113 (2), 121,
122, 124, 126, 141.
descriptions of, 103-106, 107-
109.
English share in, 115, 121,
122 (2).
— « — list of Spanish killed or
taken prisoners at, 108.
(Masiel) letter dated at, 106.
America, 125.
Amsterdam, 171, 176, 220.
Admiralty of, 200.
breaking of the dykes at, 222.
letter dated at, 221.
Anabaptists, plot of the, 46, 48.
Andalusia, 36, 132, 201, 228, 254.
Governor of. iS'ee Medina Cell,
Duke of.
Anelesey, Earl of (Arthur Annesley),
127.
Angoren. See Oyanguren.
Angulo or Aquella, Estevan or Stephen
de, Mestre de Campo, taken prisoner,
105, 108.
Apsley :
Sir Allan, 116.
letter from, 124.
— — brother of. See Apsley, Col.
James,
or Appesley, Col. James, 49, 101,
124.
letter of, 116.
relation by, of the proceed-
ings of the armies, 101-105.
has redeemed his reputation,
112, 124.
regiment of, 105.
Apsum [Topsham, co. Deyon], ship of,
221.
Aquila Fuento, Marques de, 247.
Anmjuex, visits of the Spanish royal
family to, 183-185, 190.
Arches, Dean of. See Ryves, Dr.
Brune.
Arlington, Lord. See Bennett ^ir
Henry.
Armagnac, Comte de, 147.
father of. See Harcourt,
Prince de.
Armenian, an, 208.
Aronches or Aruntias, 102, 107, 125,
castle of, 125.
Arsila. See Arzilla.
Arson, Monsieur, 33.
Arthur, King, time of, 95.
Arundel :
Sir John, signature of, 220.
Richard, Baron of Trerise, signa-
ture of, 219.
Aruntias. See Aronches.
Arzilla or Arsila, in Morocco, 32, 202.
Commissioners sent to, 164.
Gayland at, 207
messengers detained at, 172, 181.
Ashbumham (Aspemam), John, 64.
Ashley-Cooper, Anthony, Baron Ash-
ley, 30, 46, 65, 80.
letter from, 35.
"Athenians," 218.
Atkinson, Captain, killed, 105.
Capt. Robert, 145.
Atougia, Conde de, formerly vice-roy
in the Indies, 96.
Attorney-general (Sir (^^eoflfrey Palmer),
145, 218.
Austria, Don Juan of. See Juan, Don.
House of, 125, 127, 234.
Auyz, Governor of, 56.
Avoro or Aveiro :
Duke of, 185, 195, 197, 208, 234.
fleet of, 197, 201, 208.
letter to. 140.
Duchess of, 232.
Avignon, kept by the King of France,
55.
Ayala:
Count of, 232 (2).
Don Francisco de, papers relating
to, 176.
Ayamonte, siege of, 215.
Ayloflfe, Sir Benj., wife of, 257.
Azores, islands of, 153.
merchants in, 153.
B.
Babel, builders of, 60.
Ba^aim. See Bazaim.
Backwell, Alderman, 30.
Bacon :
Francis, Lord, quotations from, 116,
22a
essay of, De Vana Gloria^
116.
Nicholas, 170.
Badajos, 2i/i.
bridge of, 101.
Bagot, Mrs., maid of honour to the
Duchess of York, 172.
Baffshaw, Edward, 144, 145.
Balle, Sir Peter, order signed by, 256.
Ballecas, letter dated at, 153.
letter received at, 152.
Baltic, the, ships from, 195.
Banckert, Bancker or Banker, Adrian,
200.
Admiral John, 176, 195, 200.
Bantam, intelligence from, 144.
Barbadoes, 67, 138, 198.
De Ruvter at, 200.
Barbary, 5^, 59, 184, 241.
or Barbarian Coast, 160, 162.
Barca, Kine of, 175.
Barcelona, 63, 64.
Barker, Mr., 192.
Barkley, John, 221.
Bamstf^ple or Bastable^ s^iip qf, 221.
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m
Bassine, island of, East Indies, de-
manded by England, 18.
Batavia Road, ships in, 144.
BataviUe or Bativila, Baron de, 39, 180.
Bath, Earl of [John Grenyille] letter
of, 205.
Bath, knight of, 220.
Bath (the Bath), 80, 130.
Batiyila, Baron de. See Batayille,
Baron de.
Baubigny, Mons. de, 109.
Bavaria, Duke of, Prince Rupert ad-
dressed as, 117.
Baxter :
Captain, 161.
John, 146.
Bayona, Marques de, Qeneral of the
galleys, 216.
Bayonne, 251.
letters dated at, 196, 198.
Bazaim or Ba^aim, demanded by Eng-
land, 116, 121, 122.
Beachv Head, fleet off, 166.
i5eaucham, William, deposition of, 117.
Beaufort, Duke of (French Admiral),
and his fleet, 182, 186, 201, 202, 216,
217, 241, 243, 246-247, 248-263.
list of his ships, 261, 262.
orders for his fleet, 262.
secretaria of, 263.
nieces ot See Orleans, Prin-
cesses of.
Bechtman, Martin, engineer, 130.
Bedells, Sir Capell, and his wife, 267.
Bedingfield, Sir Francis, 196.
letter of, 214.
Beia or Beja (Bese), 66, 66, 98, 99, 109.
Chamber of, 66.
Beira (Bera), province of, 84.
Belasyse, Bellasyse, Bellasis :
John Lord, 186, 188, 189, 194-
198, 200, 204, 207, 208, 232.
letters from, 183, 184, 186,
190, 192, 201, 206, 209, 210,
212, 224, 246.
letters to, 186, 187, 190, 194,
200, 214, 247.
appointment of, as (Governor
of Tangier, 181, 184.
congratulations to, 186, 187.
arrix-al of, at Tangier, 183,
186.
-^ — presents sent to, 200, 201 (2),
208.
dislikes to serve Turks against
Christians, 201, 206, 209, 224.
peace with Gayland concluded
by, 246.
is returning to England, 229,
230, 246, 247, 249.
wife of, 183.
officers of, 206.
valeji of, 208.
Major or Lieut. -Colonel, brother
of Lord Fauconberg, 114, 116,
118, 163.
CoL John, 206, 209, 221.
Belem, Belin or Bellyn [Bethlehem]
Tower of, Governor of. See Bravo,
Miguel.
Belem, Belin, or Bellyn— con<.
letter dated from, 178.
prisoners in, 26, 68, 72, 199.
Belin, Robert, 212.
Beling:
Mr., 83.
Sir Richard, secretary to the
Queen, 218.
Bellasis or Bellasyse. See Btdasyse.
Belturbet, Ireland, Irish rising at, 178.
Benavente, 236.
letter dated at, 236.
letters received at, 227, 229, 234.
Ben Bowcar, Ben Buker, or the '* Saint *'
(Cidi Mahomet Ben el Hadffe Ben
Bowcar), a Moorish chief, 62, 184,
186, 202 (2), 210, 212.
amyr of, 184, 186, 190, 202.
expedition of against Gay-
land, 184, 186 (2), 190.
son of. iS'ee Abdalla, Cidi
Benisfield [? Bedingfield], Mr., Gover-
nor of St. Christophers, 136.
Bennet, Sir Henry, and (in 1666), Lord
Arlington, Secretary of State, 6, 37,
72, 73 (2), 76, 76, 99, 161, 162, 189,
191, 193, 214, 220, 230.
letters from, 33, 65, 80, 83,
86, 87, 132, 140 (2), 166, 166,
181, 206.
alluded to, 70, 87-91, 98,
111, 112, 180, 182, 183, 187,
188, 206, 212, 220, 226, 227,
229 266.
letters to, 60, 66, 73, 76, 86,
92, 110 (2), 123, 130, 132 (2),
133, 206.
alluded to, 121, 194,
202, 210, 227, 248.
letter countersigned by, 166.
notes or papers for, 36, 43, 167.
made Secretary of State, 48,
60, 73.
is like to be very powerful,
66. f
has charge of the affairs of
Portugal, 74 (2), 76.
— recommendations by. 111,
183.
— created Lord Arlington, 187.
message from, 194.
pique of, asainst Sir Fras.
Bemngfield, 196.
his " cast general " (i.e. Sand-
wich), 226.
rough draft of Fanshaw's
treaty sent to, 266.
and Lord Sandwiches em-
bassy, 226, 226.
secretaries of. See William-
son, Joseph, and Godolphin,
WilHam.
Bentivoglio, C!!ardinal, 42.
Bera. See Beira.
Bera, the river. See Tera.
Bere, Mr., merchant, 66.
Bersen, ships from, 210.
Berkeley or Berckly, Captain, 166, 166.
Sir William, (governor of Virginia,
letter to, from the Kmg, 6.
Digitized by
Google
26Si
Berkenhead, [Sir John], 218.
Beverley, Sir Thomas, letter of, 218.
Beverley, co. York, 5.
Beze. See Beia.
Bible, the, 133.
Bieque, Birque or Crab Island, West
Indies, 135.
Bilbao (Bilboa), English merchant at,
ship from, 187.
Bird:
Mr., 25.
William, 177.
Biscay, an old soldier of. 111.
ships, or Biscayers, 61, 70, 208.
Bishops, 146.
Bishops' accounts, alluded to, 256.
Biuon, Marquis of, 250.
Black Bog, Irehtnd, 178.
Blagge, Mrs., maid of honour to the
Duchess of York, 144.
Blake, Admiral Robert, 254.
Bland, John, letters of, 190, 196.
Blunden, William, English Consul at
Alicante, 162.
letters from, 155, 169, 183,
185, 217, 243, 249, 250.
Bohorgues, Don Juan Ximeno de,
memorial by, 204.
pass for, 204.
servants of, 204.
Boito or de But, Conde de, Mestre de
Campo, 106, 108.
Bombay or Bombaim, island of, 88.
cession of to England, 18.
English fleet to go to, 18.
refusal of the Portuguese to delirer
up, 87 (2), 89, 111, 113, 116, 121,
122.
Sir Abraham Shipman to have the
command of, 89, 90.
vice-roy at. See Goa, vioe-roy of.
Bonnel, Captain Jas., 187.
Books or pamphlets, popish or sedi-
tious, 144, 145.
Boothhouse, Samuel, 72.
letter of, 78.
Bordeaux, 192, 198, 202.
president and jurats of, 198.
Boston, CO. Lincoln, ship of, 224.
Boewell :
Humfrey, 5.
Sir William, 4.
death of, 4.
Boulger, Captain, 156.
Boulion, house of, 117.
Bourbon, waters of, 192.
Bourchier, Sir Anthony, daughter of,
257.
Boyle, Dr. Michael, Archbishop of
Dublin, letter to, 139.
Bradall, Roger, 67.
Brady, Laurence, pass for, 203.
Brandenburg (Frederick Williun), Mar-
quis of, 230.
Bravo, Miguel, Governor of the Tower
of Belem, 72, 73 (2).
letter to, 75.
Braxted, oe. Essex, 257.
BrasU, 82.
affairs of, Council for managing, 51.
president of, 51.
Company in Portugal, dissolution
of, 51.
English trade with, 18, 23.
fleet (Portuguese), 39, 51, 66, 71,
94.
arrives at Lisbon, 118.
King of (the King of Portugal), 38.
ships to be sent to, by the Duke
of York, 82, 87 (2), 123 (3).
ships trading to, 30, 34 (2), 47.
dues owing by, 46, 47, 49, 56,
80.
trade of Portugal with, 18.
Breda, 10, 12.
letter dated at, 5.
Bremengham, Captain, 191.
Brest, 203.
Brett, Sir Edward, 7.
officer of, 7.
Brewster, Thomas, 145.
Brick and tiles. Bill for the better
makinff of, 148.
Bridge, Col. Sir Tobias, 154, 156.
letters of, 152, 153, 158,
159.
appointed orf inUrim Gover-
nor o! Tangier, 157.
Bridgewood, Edward, 67, 79.
letter of, 32.
Bristol, Earl of (George Digby), 71.
charge brou^t by, against
Clarendon, 127.
animosity of the King and
Duke of York towards, 127.
conformity of, 144-146.
plea of, in the Exchequer,
144-146.
cannot be found, 147.
houses of, 147.
servants of, 145, 146.
his wife, Countess of Bristol,
71.
Bristol, 149, 221, 231.
British Pale (in Africa), 99.
Brittany, 156, 191.
Brixton, Isle of Wight, ship lost near,
170.
Bromydge, George, letter from, 166.
Brookes, Captain, 156.
Brooks, Nathan, 145.
Broughton, , 6.
Brown or Born, Captain Jo, 174.
Brussek, 8, 10, 15.
letters dated at, 7-15.
Blyn, Captain, 112.
Buccleuch, Duchess of [Lady Anne
Scott], marriage of, 80.
Buckingham, Duke of (George Villiers),
172.
Buckley, Ensign, 170.
Buen Retire f palace of the Spanish
King near Madrid, 155.
Bullock, ThoB., Esq., and his wife,
257.
Bulls, Bay of, Cadis, 166, 172.
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Google
263
Bolteel, John, secretary to the Earl of
Clarendon, letter of, 217.
Burborough, Queen Elizabeth's com-
missioners at, 43.
Bnshell, Richard, and his wife, 134.
Butler, Sir William and his wife, 258.
Bjde (Bidd), Sir Thomas, 258.
C
Cadaval (Careyall), Duque de, Nufio
Alvares Pereira, Marques de Fereira,
Ambassador from Portugal to France,
25.
Cadiz (Gales, Calles, Calls), 163, 158,
161, 163, 165, 174, 181, 198, 232,
235, 246 (2).
Auditor de lo Maritimo at, 253.
bay, 160, 173, 220, 254.
English fleet in, 160, 244.
letters dated from, 237, 243.
Cabildo of, 199.
capture of, by the Earl of Essex,
churches of, 181.
Dutch at, 185, 247, 248, 253.
Commissary at, 211, 255.
. Consul at, 189, 195, 196, 207,
209, 211.
English Consul at. See Rumbold
Henry and Westcombe, Martin.
, a former, 205.
factory at, 247.
merchants at, 187, 205, 213,
249.
Escrivano at, 250.
French at, 251.
gaol of, 244.
keeper of, 246, 250, 263.
letter dated from, 163.
prisoners in, 163, 189 (3),
193, 211, 246-248, 253, 254.
General at, 211.
Governor of, 143, 166, 189 (2),
207, 210, 237, and see Zbarro,
Don Diego de, and Cayas Vaaan,
Don Mi^in de.
late Governor of. See Punentel,
Antonio,
intelligence from, 88, 232.
letters dated at, 71, 173, 177, 181,
182. 186, 187, 189 (2), 193, 195,
197, 199, 207, 208, 211 (2), 214.
215, 219 (2), 220, 241, 243-248,
260 (2), 252-254.
letters received at, 159, 162, 164,
192.
officials at, 247, 253.
ships to or at, 37, 39, 165, 174,
(5), 178, 179, 186, 187, 192, 193,
208, 229, 244, 250.
Cadiz— cotU.
slaves to be sold at, 132.
travellers to or from, 25, 143, 185,
229.
Vice Consul of, 186.
Cagaway, Point, Jamaica, 35.
Cain, the curse of, 216.
Calatrava, Knight of the Order of, 204.
Calderon, Maria, Spanish actress,
mother of Don Juan, 37.
Cales or Calles. See Cadiz.
Camarassa, Marques de. Viceroy of
Sardinia, 202.
Cambridge :
Vice Chancellor of, 72.
Jesus College, Master and Fellows
of, letter of, 133.
injuries to their chapel by the
Puritans, 133.
Camoens, Luis de la, translation of, by
Fanshaw, alluded to, 208.
Canal, el, battle of. See Ameixial.
Canary Islands and islanders, 71, 212,
222.
Canary Company, letter from, 212.
Governor and Deputy gover-
nor of, 212.
Canterbury, Archbishop of [Dr.
Juxon], 72, 145.
Capuchin's robe, 118.
Caraccas, the, 134.
Caracena, Marques de (Don Luis de
Bonavides), Spanish Governor of
Flanders, 183, 184, 185, 203, 240.
a friar employed by, 231.
Carcamo, Diego de, 39.
Cardinal, the. See Mazarin.
Cardinals, the, letter to, from the King
of France, 63.
Caribees, English plantations in, 176.
Carleton. See Colbert.
Carlisle, Bishops of. See Sterne,
Kichard, and Rainbow, Edward.
Carlisle, Earl of (Charles Howard),
Ambassador to Russia, 146.
audience of, at Stockholm,
166.
Carmes, Convent de, near Evora, 84.
Cameton. See Colbert.
Carr, Captain, 156, 202.
Carstairs [John], minister at Glasgow,
151.
Cartagena, 183, 249.
Consul for, 185.
Carteret, Sir George, letter of, 33.
Casa Rubias, near Madrid, 237, 239.
Cascaes (Cascales, Cascayes, Cascays),
56, 59, 90, 91, 95, 240.
Lord Peterborough at, 120.
Casquais, regiment of, 160.
Castafieda, Conde de. See Marialva.
Casteladavida, troops at, 56.
Castelmelhor, Conde de, Don Luis de
Sousa VasconcelliMi, secretario de la
puridad, favourite of the King of
Portugal, 36, 83, 84, 108, 109, 115,
120, 121, 123, 128, 130 (2), 142, 143,
153, 161, 226, 233, 246.
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Google
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Castelmelhor, Conde de — cont.
letters from, 85, 113, 121,
141 (2), 205.
extract from, 122.
letters to, 74, 86, 91, 111,
116, 122 (2), 126, 241.
complaints by and against, 48.
information from or interviews
with, 36, 38, 41, 49, 62, 58, 63.
popularity of, 96.
must send pay for the troops,
98, 99, 106, 109, 113.
his desire for a battle, 109.
success of the army under his
management of affairs, 203.
servant of, 96.
Castel-Rodrigo, Marques de [Don Fran-
cisco de Moura], Spanish Governor
of the Low Countries, 183, 230.
Castile. ^Sce Spain.
crown of, b9, and see Spain, crown
of.
Castilians. $*^ee Spaniards.
Castillo, Don Carlos del, 215.
Castrillo, Conde de, 36, 45.
Catalan, a, 71.
Catherine, Infanta of Portugal and
Queen of England, 17, 20, 23-26,
29, 52, 62, 69-71, 128.
letters to, 16, 17, 27 (2), 129,
152.
letters from, 22, 25, 24, 26.
her dowry or portion, 21, 40,
43, 44, 47, 60, 66, 66, 69, 66, 69,
76, 129.
delay in the payment of,
46, 49, 52, &, 66, 151.
statements concerning,
50, 54, 46.
English troops paid out
of, 54, 57, 74, 81, 111.
last part of, not ex-
pected to be paid, 69.
preparations for her journey
to ii^ngland, 16, 17, 21.
her husband's affection to,
20, 21, 28, 50, 46.
assures King Charles of her
affection for him, 22, 24.
asks that Sir Richard and
Lady Fanshaw may be of her
household, 25.
has sailed for England, 26.
landing of, in England, 27 (5),
76.
goes to Hampton Court, 27,
101.
has assured her mother of her
happiness, 28.
her possible claim to the
Crown of Portugal, 58.
health of, 66, 141, 242.
hopes of her having a child,
80, 242.
goes to Tunbridge, 80, 127.
the Pope does not answer
her letter, 85.
entertainment given to, 144.
Catherine, Queen — corU.
costume of, described, 149.
birthplace of, 197.
her household, 26. 76.
keeper of the jewels to, 25.
woman of the bedchamber,
to, 25.
master of the horse to, 24.
page of the back stairs to, 26.
priests in attendance on, 74.
secretary to. See Beling, Sir
Richard.
Catholic King. See Spain, King of.
Catholic Sovereigns. See Spain, King
and Queen of.
Cayas Vas&n, Don Martin de. Gover-
nor of Cadiz, 246, 247, 249.,
letters from, 208, 245.
letter to, 245.
Ceylon (Zeilam), 144.
Chalais Tallerand de Perigord, Prince
de, 255.
letter from, 255.
wife of, 255.
brother of. See Nourmou-
stier, Marquis de.
servant of, 255.
Chajpbres, Richard, letter of, 215.
daughter of. See Dongan,
Lady.
Chanceiy, Court of, 171.
Changuion, a valet, 208.
Channel, the English, 165, 166, 167,
171, 175, 197.
Charles I., agent of, 67.
esteem of, for the King of
Spain, 1.
credentials from, alluded to,
1-3.
instructions of, 1.
portion assigned to his
daughter by, 4.
Remembrance of Exchequer to.
See Fanshaw, Sir Richard.
service or loyalty to, 67, 219.
sign manual of, 5.
Charles IL, 8, 10, 26, 27, 175, and
passim.
letters from, 6, 16, 17 (2),
22 (2), 28-51, 81, 165.
alluded to, 24, 28, 45,
66, 88, 144, 146, 184, 188.
letters to, 4-6, 16, 22-24, 26,
28, 29, 66, 57.
advowBon in the hands of, 82.
allies of, 170.
Ambassadors extraordinary of,
to Spain, 5.
birthday of, 100 (2), 101 (2).
Commissioner for, 62.
Court of. See Court, the.
at Brussels, 7.
debts due to, 78.
document signed by, 29.
Engineer General of. Su
Gk>mme, Sir Bernard de.
favour of, 191, 217.
friends of, in exile, 33,
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Google
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Cliaries II.— cofi<.
gentlemen of the bedchamber
of, 30.
guards of, 191.
health of, 66, 169, 163.
household of, 17.
instructions from, to Fan-
shaw, 3, 18, 20.
asked for, 60, 64, 119,
122.
loyalty, seal or affection for,
16, 67, 79, 164, 205, 219, 223,
224.
marriage of, 17 (2), 21, 64.
matters to be laid before, 128,
149, 162, 166, 213, 246, 253.
as mediator between Spain
and Portugal, 36, 37, 47, 58, 63,
65, 88-90, 131 (2).
memorial to, 80.
message from, 253.
ministers of, 53.
moneys assigned by, 6.
moneys for, 30, and see
Catherine, dowry of.
moneys paid on behalf of, 30.
money from, needed for the
troops in Portugal, 37, 48.
orders, intentions, or wishes
of, 5, 33, 34, 148, 205, 212,
224.
portraits of, 62, 90.
proclamations of, alluded to,
145.
promises of, 7-9.
recommendation by, 31, 32,
139, 140, 173.
revenue of, debates concerning,
83.
management of, 83.
Secretary of the Council of
War to. See Fanshaw, Richard.
servants of, miserable condi-
tion of, 14.
arrears due to, 14.
sign manual of, 3, 6, 20, 166.
support or succour of Portu-
gal by, 62, 58, 59, 63, 65, 74,
81, 99, 131, 244, and see Por-
tugal.
tutor of, 62.
father of. See Charles I.
mother of. See Henrietta
Maria, Queen.
wife of. See Catherine,
Queen.
brother of. See York, James,
Duke of.
sisters of. See Mary, Prin-
cess of Orange, and Henrietta
Anne, Duchess of Orleans.
Aunt of. See Elizabeth,
Queen of Bohemia.
his journey to Scotland, 4.
coronation of (in Scotland), 6.
his return to England, antici-
pated, 11, 15.
difficult to persuade of
Willis's treachery, 15.
Charles U.—cotU.
his journey to the frontiers,
13, 15 (2).
hopes of his speedy
return from, 15.
poverty of, 14.
places bestowed by, 16, 67 (2).
progress of, 17.
and the Queen, 16, 17 (2),
20, 21, 27, 28, 30, 46, 129.
delight of his subjects at his
return, 17.
and the affairs of Portugal,
18, 20, 49, 53, 153, 242, 2^.
forbids Clarendon to go to
receive the Queen, 27.
his knowledge of Spanish, 36,
60.
his interest in the succession
to the crown of Portugal, 38, 52.
memorial sent to, bv the Por-
tuguese Ambassador, 46.
plot against, 48.
debate before, in Council, 48.
sends congratulations to the
King of Portugal, 49.
Lord Inchiquin's discourse
with, 54, 57.
dismisses Secretary Nicholas,
54.
proposed co-operation of
France with, 58, 64.
aispositions or appointments
of, for Tangier, 58.
gifts from, 62.
his anxiety about his troops,
66.
and the House of Commons,
74, 77.
— his attempts to procure tolera-
tion in religion, 74, 77.
grants the army in Portugal
payment from the Queen's dowry,
74. 76, 86, 112, and see Cath-
erine, dowry of.
sends a letter to the troops
in Portugal, 76.
granting of supplies for
77, 192.
celebration of St. George's
day by, 79, 80.
good affection of the Parlia-
ment towards, 84.
refers the petition of the Eng-
lish officers to Fanshaw, 86.
anger of, at the refusal to
deliver up Bombay, 87, 89, 90.
116.
his return to London, anni-
versary of, 100.
is expected by Portugal to
remount nis troops, 122.
lends ships to his brother.
123 (2).
movements of, 127.
proclamation of, against dis-
senters, asked for, 127.
animosity of, against the
Earl of Bristol, 127.
Digitized by
Google
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Charles. II. — conf.
esteem of, for Don Juan, 140.
his mediation on behalf of
the Spanish prisoners m Portu-
gal, 141 (2), 142, 166, 180, 233.
entertainment given to, 144.
holds conference at the Lord
Chancellor's, 144.
friendship of, to Spain, 147,
237.
message of, to Parliament,
147.
the States of Zealand are
sending a letter to, 149.
the two Houses to attend on,
150, 161.
has forbidden the ceremony
of attendance upon Ambassadors,
170.
letters of reprisal granted by,
171.
messenger sent by, to France,
171, 173.
I harmony of, with his sub-
jects, 175.
gives the Duke of YoA fuU
power over the fleet, 179.
peace concluded with Sweden
by, 18a ^
gratuity given by, 192.
persuades the Duke of York
to stay at home, 201.
and Fanshaw's treaty with
Spain, 226.
"kindness" of, for Molina,
229.
holds French ships as pledges,
231.
amused by Clarendon's vexa-
tion, 230.
play acted before, 231.
has expressed his satisfaction
with Fanshaw, 230, 231.
• league of, with the Emperor,
234.
supposed reasons of, for send-
ing Sandwich to Spain, 236.
letters granted by, 238.
his return to London, 240, 242.
Chemy, regiment of, 109.
Cheshire, royalist rising in, 13.
Chesterfield, Earl of (Philip Stanhope),
55.
Chicherly, Captain, 169.
Chiffinch, Tom, 62, 90.
letter to, 62.
China, island near, 144.
Chohneley, Mr. or Sir Hugh, 24, 26,
164, 172, 202, 206, 249.
letter from, 249.
Chouet, Monsieur, 97.
Christopher, Don, the old Governor of
Jamaica, 35.
Church:
non-attendance at, 151.
of England, conformity to, 144.
lands, invaded by the Parliament,
256.
Church, Percy, 7, 8, 10, 13-16, 23.
Cimbre, Bishop-elect of. See Bosario,
Frey Domingo del.
Cipher, letters written in, 3, 9, 16,
155, 166.
sent to Fanshaw, 181.
explanation of, 228.
Cirencester, 130.
Claran. See Cleran.
Clarke, Joshua, 134.
Cleran or Claran, Mons. de, 109, 115.
Cierembault, Mareschal de, 147.
Cleves, Elector of, 6,
Cliflford, Mr., 150.
Sir Thomas, 181.
Clutterbooke, Mr., 218.
Coal merchants and woodmongers, bill
found against, 191.
Coale, Captain, 165.
Coavans, Captain, 136.
Cocke, Bobert, 33, 67, 70, 79 (2).
letter of, 66.
Colbert:
Jean Baptiste de, French minister,
41, 43, 198.
du Terron, Mons. Charles, alias
Carleton or Cameton, Marquis de
Bourbonne, intendant of Ifarine
and Coimsellor of State in
France, agent to Portugal, 41,
43, 44, 63, 109 (2), 111, 154.
Cole, Captain John, 220.
Colin, Donna Teresa, 214.
Colmaer in Alsace, intended siege of,
149.
Cologne (Collein), Elector of, 6.
Colona, Cardinal, 232 (2).
Colonel, Sir Augustine, agent of the
King of Portugal in London, 34, 46,
47.
Comet, appearance of, 171, 172.
Cominges-Quitant, Gaston Jean Bap-
tiste de, Lieut. -General and Captam
of the Guard to the Queen Mother
of France, Ambassador to Portugal
in 1657, and to England in 16o3,
58, 63, 64.
his opinion of Portugal, 64.
challen^ sent to, 64.
his public entry, 83.
Commissioners to treat with,
83.
Common Prayer, Book of, 133.
Commons, House of:
adjournment of, 160.
behaviour of, 77.
bills m, 148-152.
conference of with the Lords. See
Lords.*
debates in, 83.
members of, 175.
proceedings of, 74, 148-152.
goes into Committee for the hearth
money, 149.
reports to be made to, 149.
Speaker of. See Turner, Sir
Edward.
Common Pleas, Court of, action in, 145.
Conmionwealth, the, **the rebels,'* or
the Parliament pa^y, 14.
Digitized by
Google
^t
Commonwealth, the — cant.
Ambassadors of, to the Hague,
6, 6.
anny of, 14.
, has not dissolved the
Parliament, 12.
Comorin or Commaroon, Cape, 144.
Conge, Frenchman, 137.
Consols, 193, 195-197, 247249, and m
under the several Spanish and
Portuguese parts.
Contrera, Don Paublos de, Admirante
Ueneral of opain, 196, 197.
ConTenticle Bill, 127, 160, 162.
Conventicles, laws against, to be put
in force, 127.
Cooper, Mr., 231.
Coorgas, General, 221.
Coryo (Coreo), Cape, 200.
Cormantin (Cormantine, Cormention),
in Guinea, 146, 187, 200.
Combuiy, Lord (Henry Hyde), son of
the Earl of Chirendon, 72, 113, 217,
218.
is his father's amanuensis, 10.
letter to, 70.
Combury, co. Oxon., 130.
Cornwall, 178, 206, 220.
riyers in, bill for making navigable,
152.
Corporation bill, 152.
Corpus Christi, celebration of the feasi
of, 92.
Corunna or the Groyne :
£arl of Sandwich arrives at, 241,
243.
English Vice-Consul at, 241.
Governor of, 241.
Coryton, Sir John, Bart., signature of,
219.
Coseworth, Sir Sam, signature of, 220.
Cottington, Sir Fras. or Lord, embassies
of to Spain, 31, 130.
letter from, to the King, 4.
Cottoner, Don Frandsoo, 184.
brother of, 184.
Council of State, 29.
report to, 34.
Council Chamber, 132.
Couper, John, narrative of, 136.
Court, the English, 64, 66, 60, 148,
206.
Lord Inchiquin at, 48.
entertainments at, 78.
persons returning to, 171.
removes from London on account
of the plague, 199.
the ^oung nobility of, 172.
Mohna recalled from, 225.
complaints made to, concerning
Fanshaw, 236.
Courtenay, Sir Peter, signature of, 220.
Courtney, Mr., 187.
Coventry :
Harry, 7.
William, secretary to the Duke of
York, 41, 79, 134, 164, 165, 181.
Coventry, William— ca»<.
letters of, 82, 87.
letters to, 61, 123, 174.
cipher of, 166, 156.
Cowkillers in the West Indies, 138.
Cowling, Thomas, Consul at Teneriffe,
222.
Cowper's Hill, co. Middlesex, letter
dated at, 218.
Crab Island. See Bieque.
Crafford, Captain Hugh, 221.
Crane, Captain, 174.
Crato, Commissary General Juan de,
66.
Craven, Lord, talked of as Governor
of Jamaica, 88.
Crawford, WiUiam, 132.
Creed John, secretary to the Earl of
Sandwich, 32.
Creighton, Dr. [Robert], Dean of Wells,
72.
Cr6qui, Due de. Ambassador extra-
ordinary from France to the Pope, 71.
attack upon, in Rome, 62.
his wife, 62.
Crispe, Edward, 238 (2), 245.
CromweU, Oliver, "the great traitor
and usurper," 66.
" — M>pointment by, 66.
fleet of, 264.
rebels in service of, 67.
'i^— "tampering" of, with Spain,
39.
death of, aUuded to, 128.
government or time of, 24,
166, 182.
OVomwellist, a, 227.
Crook or Cruck, Lieutenant, 84, 98.
valet of, 84.
Croone, Henry, letter of, 243.
letter to, 182.
Crow, Captain, 221.
Orowder, Hans, 34.
Cruce, Thomas de, 26.
Cruche, in Portugal, letter dated at,
236.
Cruck, Lieutenant, ^'ee Crook.
Crux, Sir Thomas da, death of, 154.
Crux, Sefiora, sister Maria de la [Donna
Maria Guxman], Abbess of Alcantra,
79, 141, 143.
letter of, 140.
chaplain of, 56.
father of. i^ee Medina
Sidonia, Duke of.
Cuba, city of, 66.
troops at, 66.
Cuba, Island of, Havanna in. See Hav-
anna.
Lord Windsor's action in, 71.
prisoners in, 136.
St. lago in. See St. lago.
Culpeper or Culpepper, John, Lord, 5.
Cumberland, Duke of (Prince Rupert),
117.
Cuningham (Cuningam), Mr., 187, 220.
Cunha, Juan Nu&ez da. See NuHez.
Curtius [WilUam, agent in Germany], 6.
Digitized by
Google
^
Custom House:
farmers of, letters to, 134.
orders sent to, 171.
Taluation of ships at, 146.
Customs, Act concerning, 152.
Conmiissioners of, 34.
D
D'Ablancourt, Sieur. See Fremont,
Nicholas de.
Daniel or Danell, Captain, 156.
Davis, Sir Paul, 215.
Deacon, Uaptain Greorge, 217.
De But, Conde de. See Boito.
Dee Pee, Captain Anthony, narrative
of, 136.
Degebi (Eudigbe, Eugebe, Zigebe), the
river, 100, 102, 103, 107.
Dempsey, Dempsy or Demsy, Major
Laurence, 106.
as Lieut. -Colonel, 112, 114,
122 170.
letters from, 55, 122.
troop of, killed and wounded
in, 122.
Derby, co., 207.
De Kuyter. See Ruyter, Michael de.
Detangres, engineer, 84.
valet of, 84.
Dickenson, Mr., 133.
Digby :
Sir John (afterwards Earl, of Bris-
tol), embassy of, to Spain, 132.
Sir Kenehn, 72.
letter to, 71.
Discoverers, payment of, 144.
Dissenters, 77.
Domanico [Dominica ?j island of, 136.
Domingo, Don, son of the Duke of
Medina de las Torres, 154, 235.
Doncaster, 146.
troop of horse at, 146.
Dongan :
Viscount, 132, 202, 215, 218.
letters from, 152-154,
172, 173, 195, 215.
letter to, 175.
family of, 168.
Maria Eufemia, Lady, 152,
172, 173, 215.
letter of, 152.
father of. See Chambres,
Robert,
or Dongham, Lieut. -Colonel
Michael, 86, 101.
his death, 104-106, 111, 122.
his troop, killed and woimded
in, 122.
Dongham. See Dongan.
168,
168,
Dorchester, Marquess of [Henry Pierre-
point], 145.
Dover, Simon, 145.
Downe, Robert, 207.
letters of, 207, 212.
cousin of. Set Westcombe,
Martin.
Downing, Sir George, Ambassador to
the mgue, 83, 183, 1^ 193.
Tetters from, 155; 167, 176.
letters to, 170, 201.
Downs, the, 41, 55, 57, 170.
Dublin :
Archbishop of. See Boyle, Dr.
letter dated at, 215.
news from, 170.
ship from, 178.
Dudley, Mr., 191.
Duncan :
Andrew (Consul at Seville), 143,
183.
John, 183.
Duncum, Mr., 90.
Dunkirk or Dunkerque :
the Earl of Teviot at, 130.
fortifications at, 145.
news from, 207.
sale of, 44, 48 (2), 58, 61, 23L
Duras, house of, 117.
Dutch or the Dutch, passim.
Admirals, 189, and see Tromp, De
Ruyter, Evertsen and Banckert.
affection of, to Spain, 162.
Ambassador at Madrid, 197.
audience of, 170.
* a most lying nation," 199.
at Tangier, 201.
Bishop of Munster's campaign
against, 212.
Consuls, 163.
at Cadiz. iS^ee Cadiz.
damage done by, to English trade,
149-152.
dealings of, with Gayland, 210.
designs of, 144, 176, 186, 194, 241.
dissatisfaction of the people of
Algiers with, 88.
express, 163, 170.
false reports spread by, 175, 194-
196, 198 (2), 213.
fleet, 249, 250, 252. See Ruyter,
De, fleet of. See Dutch ships.
captains in, condemned to be
shot, 200.
— — command of, given to De
Ruyter, 204.
commander of, at Cadiz. See
Vurburch, Juan Gidienson.
defeat of, in Cromwell's time,
166.
reported engagement with,
149.
and pratique in Spain, 160,
162.
disposition of, 165, 170, 182,
195, 204, 206.
the plague in, 166.
defeat of, 173 (2), 194, 195,
198, 200 (2), 211.
strength of, at Cadiz, 184*
Digitized by
Google
26d
Dutdi fleet— «ofU.
delay of, in leaying their
ports, 188, 191, 196.
— ^- another fight with, expected,
198, 200, 204, 206, 207.
reinforcement of, 199.
difficulty in manning, 200.
mutiny in, 200.
a second defeat of, reported,
209, 210.
French forces borrow from, 222.
French support to. 242.
Goa besiegCKi by, 19.
grandees, 162.
Ul-understanding of, with the
French, 188.
in Spain, 211.
in Ouinea, 146.
in the East Indies, 90.
in the West Indies, 137.
in the New Netherlands, 149.
insolence or boas-.ul words of. 167,
178, 183, 187, 188, 190, 199-201,
220, 242.
letters of reprisal against, 171.
mariners, 200.
hardships endured by, 176.
killed or wounded, 184, 200.
officers, killed, 188.
partiality to, in Spain. Ste Spain.
preparations of, for war, 165.
prisoners in the West Indies. 135.
privateers to be set out against.
183.
prospect of war with. Set Hol-
land.
provocation given by, 175.
service against, 181.
ships, 71, 138, 144. 169, 173-175,
186, 187. 191, 192, 194-197, 199.
201. aivd Bet Dutch fleet.
engagement of, with English
vessels, 183, 188-191.
poorly manned and victualled.
199.
off Spain, Ac, 215, 220.
(pri«e), 82, 171, 208.
seizure of, 171.
taken by the English. 163,
179, 190-192, 210, 230, 235, 244,
246 (3), 248, 250.
— with letters of marque, 176.
with the Duke of Beaufort,
241.
East Indlamen, 165, 175.
West Indlamen, 179.
fship claimed by the, 206.
Iships taken by the, 173, 207-211,
I m 221, 243 (2), 249, 261.
list of. 220. 221.
treachery of, 149, 175.
workmen, 173.
war with England apprehended by,
160.
the Duke of York to take com-
mand Eigainst, 185.
have lost their best officers. 200.
are in an ill condition, 230.
Dyer, Thomas, 22J,
E.
Eadrum, William, 221.
Earle, Dr. John, Dean of Westminster,
72.
East country, the, vessel from, 244.
Eastern seas, Dutch and English claims
in, 144.
East India Company :
claim of, for damages, 149, 350.
factories of, 160.
East Indiamen, 210.
Dutch, 166, 176.
East Indies, the, 18, 24, 90.
Dutch designs in, 176.
English factories in, 19.
fleet going for, 23.
Portuguese in, 18.
Edgecombe. Sir Richard, K.B., signa-
ture of. 219.
Edinburgh :
castle of, governors of. Set
Middleton and Lauderdale, Earls
of.
deputv governor of, 147.
churches of, prayers in, 171.
intelligence from, 144-146, 161, 191.
Edward, Prince [Palatine], son of the
Queen of Bohemia, 6.
Elicabeth, Queen:
Captain of the Guard to, 139.
Commissioners of, 43.
help given to Holland by, 37,
39.
help given to Portugal by, 39.
Remembrancer of Exchequer
to. See Fanshaw, Thomas.
Walsingham*s queries to, 45.
Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, sister of
Charles I, 5.
letter from, 6.
her godson, 6.
Elgin, Earl of [Robert Bruce], child of,
christened, 145.
Elivas. Set Elvas.
Elvas, Luis Mendez de, 94.
Elvas or Ellvas, battle of, 93.
letter dated at. 74.
Embrun, Archbishop of (Georges
d'Aubusson de la Feuillade),
French Ambassador at Madrid.
43.
Emperor [Ferdinand II.], Sir H.
Wotton's embassy to, 132.
[Leopold], agent sent to, 219.
league of with England, 234.
truce of, with the Turks, 167.
sister of. See Spain, Queen
of. 234.
Empire, Princes of the, 167.
England, casual notices ^ passim.
alliance of with Portugal. See
Portugal.
Ambassadors from and to, 132, 170.
Ambassadors from:
to Fraqoe. Sfe Hplles, Lor4-
Digitized by
Google
270
England, Ambasiadon from— eofi<.
to the Hague. See Downing, Sir
George,
to Spain and Portugal. See Fan-
shaw, Sir Richard, and Sandwich,
Earl of.
Ambassadors to:
from France. See C(«mnges,
Mons. de.
from Holland. Su Vangoch.
from Portugal. See Sande,
Marques de.
from Spain. See Molina, Ckmde de.
from Sweden. See Friesendorff.
Ambassadors to, priests in attend-
ance upon, 74.
bad years in, 256.
banishment from, 144.
capture of Cadiz hj. See Cadis,
certificate of titles and laws of
precedence in, 76.
civil war, or "the troubles'* in,
alluded to, 2, 3, 6, 81.
counties of, are raising supplies
for the King, 192.
Court of. See Court, the.
Crown of, 35, 76.
Great Seal of, 21.
intelligence from, 163, 179, 196,
230, 231, 234, 236, 240, 242, and
see News letters,
laws of, 82.
mediation of, 42, and see Charles
n., as mediator between Spain
and Portu^
messenger sent to, 110.
militia of, 242.
Parliament party in, 12-15. And
see Commonwealth,
passes for, 176, 204.
power of, by sea, 38.
preparations in, to resist invasion,
242.
prosperous or contented state of,
188, 230.
quarrel of with Holland. Su
Holland.
Royalist party in, 12-16.
rising in [under Sir (Jeorge
Booth], 12, 13.
ships to and from, pasnm.
ships from, suspected, ou account
of the plague, 206.
Spanish agents in, 47, and see
Moledi.
territories of, enlargement of, 18.
trade of, advancement of, 18.
with Brazil. See Brazil.
with Portugal. See Portugal.
treaty of, with Portugal See
Portugal,
travellers to, 178 (2), 202.
troops in, 242.
raising of, 179.
anticipated return of the King to,
joy in, at the King's return, 17.
Portuguese agent sent to, 30.
plot discovered in^ 46, 48.
England— cofU.
evil or restleas spirita in, 54, 77.
want of money in, 75.
hostility of, towards Spain, 88.
has now a Kinff> 128.
stake of, in the Mediterranean, 182.
French embassy to, 185.
arrival of Ambassadors in, 187.
popularity of the war with Hollaii 1
in, 188.
is not sensible of the importance
of Tangier, 197.
war with, talked of, in France, 198.
the youth of, 2ia
English, or the English:
animosity to, in Spain, 189, 190.
army in Portugal See Portugal.
a former, 31.
captives in Spain, 152, 158, 215,
in the West Indies, 134-138.
— with the Moors, 182.
fleet. See Fleet, the.
goods, fear of infection from, 233.
the Governor ol Tituan makes
overtures to, 25.
language, translations into, 11.
mariners, prisoners in Spain, 254.
merchants, 46, 47.
in Portugal. See Portugal
• in Spain. See Spain.
piracies committed upon, 51.
ships. ^S'ee Ships.
surgeon, in the West Indies, 134.
Englishman, in a play, 231.
Eamlante, Conde de, Mestre de Campo, ^
105, 106, 108.
Esoovan, Don Christovai Munei de,
judge-conservador at Granada, 248.
E^inola, Juan Lopes de, 153.
Espinosa, General '1.
Essex, late Earl of [Robert Devereux] :
expedition of, to Cadiz, 38.
said to have stuck his dagger
into Lisbon gates, 39.
Essex, CO., 257.
manor in, 256.
Estramadura, commander in, 37.
Estremos, 86, 103, 107. 237, 240.
letters dated at, 82, 84, 106, 109.
letter received at, 233.
Portuguese army at, 101, 116, 121.
Everard, Sir Richard, 146.
Evertsen or Everson, John, Dutch
Admiral, 200.
Evora:
camp before, letters dated from,
113, 115.
convent near, 116.
country near, letter dated from, 99.
Dean of, 96, 97.
Fort St. Antonio (St. Anthoene)
at, 84, 98, 114-116, 118.
Portuguese Governor of. See
Miranda, Manuel de.
Spanish commander in. 111, 114.
approach to and siege of, by the
Spaniards, 83-86, IQl, lOS.
Digitized by
Google
m
nurrender of, to the Sn
94, 96, 97, (2), 102, 103, 107, 119.
riot at LiBbon in conseqaenoe
of, 92, 125.
garrison of, temporary priaonert of
war, 97.
held bj the Spaniards, 98, 101,
105, 107, 109.
march of the Portuguese army to-
wards, 97. 98, ifi), 122.
Schonberg wishes to attack, 106.
engagenient near, 107, 110, and «es
AmeiTJal, battle of.
"re-siege of," 111, 114, 116, 118.
capitulation of, 114-116, 118, 119,
Erora-Monte, 103, 107.
castle of, 83.
Exchange, the, transactions at, 148.
Exchequer, the, 53, 69, 120.
Bir, motion made at, 145.
Barons of, 218.
Chancellor of, 68.
(in 1647). See Hyde, Sir
Edward.
Court of, order made by, 145.
plea entered in, 144, 145.
precedents in, 146.
moneys due from, 21, 68.
Remembrancers of. See Fanshaw,
Sir Richard, and Thomas.
Under Treasurer of, 1.
F.
Fairbome, Major, 156, 255.
Falmouth, Countess of, 192.
daughter of, 192.
Fanshaw :
Ann or Anna, Lady, 25, 27, 49,
177, 218, 223, 254.
letters from, to her husband,
224-239.
letters to, 152, 158, 204, 223,
228, 236, 237, 239, 254, 255, 257.
articles of agreement by, 256.
bond given to, 257.
endorsements by, 116, 247.
father of. See Harrison, Sir
John.
illnesses of, 61, 120.
information sent to, 154.
inscription written by, 257.
intercession of, 199, 204.
asked for, 158.
messages from, 54, 71.
presents to, 222, 229, 234.
remembrances sent to, 13, 46
(2), 48, 55, 78, 91, 124, 140 (2),
142, 148, 152, 164 (2), 165, 168,
171, 172, 181, 208, 217, 218, 244.
-. — renU and leases of, 255-257.
Fanshaw Ann, La4y— i^ml.
Queen Catherine prays that
she may be woman of her bed-
chamber and lady of the jewels,
23.
her audience of the Spanish
Queen, 155.
her return to England, 250,
255.
Ann (daughter of first yisoount),
258.
Anna (daughter of Sir Richard),
letter from, 223.
Catherine (daughter of first vis-
count), 258.
Catherine (daughter of Sir Richard),
letter from, 223.
Charles (son of first viscount), 258.
Elisabeth (daughter of first vis-
count), 258.
Sir Henry (son of Thomas), of
Ware Park, Remembrancer of
the Exchequer, 257.
son of, 257.
daughters of, 257, 258.
Henry, soldier (second son of Sir
Henry), 257.
Henry (son of first viscount), 258.
John, of Fanshaw-gate, co. Derby,
257.
son of, 257.
John, Esq. (third son of Sir Henry),
257.
Lionel, cousin and secretary to Sir
Richard, 35, 120, 133, 140 (2),
153, 229, 239.
letters of, 25, 130 (2), 143,
159, 228.
letters to, 187, 215, 243 (2),
250, 254.
certificate by, 255.
Margaret (daughter of Sir Richard),
140.
letter from, 223.
Mary (daughter of first visooont),
258.
Sir Richard, Bart, (youngest son
of Sir Henry), Remembrancer of
Exchequer to Charles I., Secre-
tary of the Council of War to
Charles II., Latin Secretary,
Master of Requests, and Am-
bassador to Portugal and Spain,
257, and passim,
letters from, to:
the King, 56, 57, 131.
Allin, Admiral, 40, 173.
Belasyse, Lord, 185, 187, 190, 194,
200, 247.
Bennet, Sir Heniy, 50, 56, 73, 75,
86, 92, 110 (2), 118, 123. 130,
132 (2), 133, 205.
Bravo, Sefior, 73.
Castelmelhor, Conde de, 74, 85, 91,
111, 116, 122 (2), 126, 241.
Chiffinch, Tom, 62.
Clarendon, Earl of, 36, 37, 39, 40,
49-51, 60, 63, 91, 112.
Commanders of ships, lOQ.
Digitized by
Google
272
Panshaw, Sir Eichard, letters from, to :
Corabury, Lord, 70.
Coventry, William, 61, 123.
Croone, Mr., 182.
Digby, Sir Kenelm, 71.
Dongan, Lord, 175.
Downing, Sir George, 170, 201.
Dublin, Archbishop of, 139.
Fanshaw, Lady, 223, 236, 237, 239.
Fitzgerald, Colonel, 169.
Gujsman, Don Anelo de, 199.
Harrison, Sir John, 71.
Holies, Lord, 182, 186, 202.
Holmes, Major Robert, 61, 126.
Inchiquin, Earl of, 59.
Lawson, Sir John, 159, 161, 163.
London, Bishop of, 81, 113.
Macedo, Don Antonio de Sonsa de,
73, 74, 85, 100, 101, 199.
Maynard, Consul, 33, 128.
Medina de las Torres, Duke of, 153,
236, 253.
Mennes, Sir John, 70.
Molesworth, Colonel, 66.
Morgan, Consul, 240.
Morice, Secretary, 45, 51, 60, 69.
178.
Norwood, "Squire," 126.
O'Brien, Major General, .68, 72.
Peterborough, Earl of, 120.
Russell, B&hop, 60.
Sande, Marques de, 27, 56, 62.
Schonberg, Comte de, 99, 105, 111,
126.
Smith, Sir Jeremy. 240, 246.
Spain, Queen of, 222.
Teviot, Earl of, 99, 121.
Warwick, Sir Philip, 53, 68.
\vestcombe. Consul. 184, 185, 190,
193, 196, 198, 199, 201, 204, 206,
212, 213, 220.
Winchester, Bishop of, 113.
York, Duke of, 45.
letters to, from :
his wife, 224-239.
his daughter Catherine, 223.
Margaret. 223.
Anna, 223.
the King, 3, 22, 165.
AlUn, Admiral. 165. 169, 172-174.
Alsopp, Col. 156, 164.
Apsley, Sir Allan, 124.
Apsley, Colonel. 115.
Bath, Earl of. 206.
Bedingfield, Sir Francis, 214.
Belasyse, Lord, 184, 190, 201, 206,
209, 210, 212.
Bennet, Sir Henry, 33, 65, 80, 83,
86, b7, 132, 155, 166.
Beverley, Sir Thomas, 218.
Bland, John, 190, 196.
Blunden, WiUiam, 155. 169, 183,
185, 217, 249.
Boothhouse, Samuel, 78.
Bridge, Colonel, 152, 153, 158, 159.
Bromydge, George. 166.
Bulteel, John, 217.
Canary Company, the, 213»
Fanshaw, Sir Richard, letters to, from :
Carteret, Sir George, 33.
Castelmelhor, Conde de, 85, 113,
121, 141 (2), 203.
Chambers, Richard, 215.
Cocke, Robert, 66.
Coventry, William, 82, 87.
Dempsv, Major, 55, 122.
Dongan, Lord, 152, 154, 168, 172,
173, 195, 215.
Downing, Sir George, 166, 167,
176.
English officers, 74.
English prisoners in Seville, 152,
158.
Fanshaw, Lionel, 25, 130 (2), 143.
Fitzgerald, Colonel, 32, 162 (2K
164, 167-169.
Fremont, Mons. de, 120, 142, 178,
208.
Gilpin, Captain B., 111.
Hodges, Captain, 74.
Holies, Lord, 147.
Holmes, Major Robert, 90.
Hyde, Sir Edward, or Clarendon,
Earl of, 7-16, 23, 75. 89.
Inchiquin, Earl of, 36, 46, 54, 127.
Ingram, Sir Thomas, 200.
Jesus College, Cambridge, 133.
King, Sir Andrew, 218.
Lawson, Sir John, 148, 154, 158,
160, 165, 166.
Liche, Marques de, 164, 180, 234.
Loyala, Blasco de, 193.
Macedo, Ant. de Sousa de, 34, 68
(3), 72, 85, 86. 100 (2), 101, 106,
110, 115 (2), 129, 141, 180, 205,
244.
Marchin, Count, 215.
Maria de la Cnus, 140.
Marsden, Thomas, 139, 176.
Maynard, Consul, 128, 142, 153,
160, 171. 222. 235.
Mennes, Sir John, 79.
Montague, Edward. 79.
Morgan, Consul, 224, 232.
Morice, Secretary, 48, 73, 79.
Norwood, Col. Henry, 171, 250.
Oiiate, Duke of, 222.
Rumbold, Henry, 71.
Russell, Bishop, 47.
Ryves, Dr. Brune, 216.
Sande, Marques de. 49.
Sandwich, Lord, 22 (2).
Schonberg, Comte de. 82, 84, 97,
99, 106, 113, 143, 179.
Scowen, Juan, 219.
Scowen, William, 178, 202, 219.
Strange, Philip, 163.
Taafe, Colonel Lucas, 173.
Tallerand, Prince. 233.
Teviot, Earl of, 90.
Travers, Consul, 155, 241.
Turner, Sir Edward, 167.
Vematti, PhUibert, 188, 214.
Warwick, Sir Philip, 46, 77.
West<?ombe, John, 198.
Digitized by
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2T3
Fansbaw, Sir Richard, letters to, from :
Weatcombe, Martin, 173, 177, 179,
181, 186, 189 (2), 193, 196, 197,
199, 207-209, 211 (2), 214, 216,
219, 220, 241, 246-248, 260-263.
Williamson, Joseph, 88, 160, 191,
194.
Woodward, Giles, 211, 213, 247.
York, Duke of, 78, 79, 87.
Fanshaw, Sir Richard, drafts or copies
by, jHtsnm.
apology to, 214.
chaplain of. See Marsden,
Thomas.
cipher sent to, 181.
coach of, 170.
commendation or praise of,
17 (2), 27. 31 (2), 48, 78, 79,
129, 131, 132, 159, 140 (2), 147.
— entertainments or arrears of,
21, 63, 64, 69, 129, 131, 132,
154.
grant to, by the Queen of
Spam, 222.
his house or Quintan near
Lisbon, 26.
in Lisbon, 41, 62.
French seryices held
at, 130.
in Madrid, 164.
in Lincoln's Inn Fields,
218.
household of, 169, 176.
major domo or Alguacil
of, 169, 251.
pages in, petition of,
169.
servants of, 26, 133, 266.
instructions to, from Charles
L, 1.
from Charles n., 3, 18,
20, 131.
memoranda by, 22, 166, 202,
204.
" Original letters of," papers
printed m, 147, 162, 163, 170.
passes given by, 176, 203 (2),
204, 211.
petition to, 169.
recommendations to, 206, 216,
238.
secretary of, 242, cmd see
Fanshaw, LioneL
statement by, 222.
his studies and writings, 10,
goes to France, 1.
is to go to Hyde and Cotting-
ton in Spain, 3.
is still at Madrid, 4.
the Duke of York asks for, 6.
in Paris, 7, 8 (2).
young Lord Herbert under the
care of, 8, 14.
sent as Ambassador extra-
ordinary to Portugal, 17.20.
24.
Fanshaw, Sir Richard— con/.
his appointment as ordinary
Ambassador to Portugal, 22.
his return to England, 22-24.
Queen Catherine a^ that nf»
may be of her household, 23.
is returning to Portugal, 27,
28, 31.
letter of credence for, to tho
King of Spain, 29.
audience of, at the Court of
Lisbon, 33, 36.
visits paid to and by, 41.
arrival of, at Lisbon, 49.
congratulates Sir Henry Ben-
net, 60.
complains of not hearing from
the English ministers, 61 (2), 66,
57, 60, 70.
anxiety of, concerning the
intentions of France, 63, 64.
his love for his King and
country, 64.
— — certificate by, concerning
titles and laws of precedence, 76.
wishes to go with the King
to the army, 05 (2).
is to be present at the treaty
between Spain and Portugal, 89,
invited to a conference of the
ministers, 110, 111.
loss of his infant daughter,
alluded to, 120 (2).
thanked for his kindness to
Colonel Apsley, 124.
inquiries after the health of,
by the King of Portugal, 126.
high tone of, towards the
Portuguese Court, 129.
the King of Portugal sends
for, 129.
his return to England, 119.
122 (2), 123, 126, 129 (2), 131.
— — writes to the King coifcerning
his mission to Spain, 131.
intended return of, to Lisbon.
131.
plate. Bibles and Prayer
Books, and Communion linen /or.
333.
appealed to for help by Jesus
College, Cambridge, 134.
is a Councillor for Ireland.
139.
suggested as Lord Chancellor
of Ireland, 139.
his mission to Spain, 131,
132 (2), 140 (2), 142 (2).
goes to Spain, 142-144.
arrival of, at Madrid, 162,
154, 236.
his audience of the Spanish
King, 164, 156.
reported to have arranged a
treaty between Spain and Por-
tugal, 168, 219, 220.
II
Digitized by
Google
2T4
Fanshaw, Sir Richard — coni.
— - mediation, &c., of, at the
Spanish Court, 162, 168, 182, 212,
213, 220, 222, 247 (2).
asked for, 152, 158, 163,
166, 215, 233, 238 (2).
cannot send his coach and
family to attend the Dutch Am-
bassador, 170.
his intended return to Eng-
land, 172, 173, 176, 250, 253.
arrangements for the witness-
ing a bufi fight by, 190.
birth of a son [Richard], 218.
treaty of, with Spain, 222,
225, 22is, 230, 231, 255.
defence of his conduct in
signing, 255.
his journey to Portugal, and
negotiations there, 223-231, 23'!,
244.
proceedings of, appi^ved by
the Spanish Court, 225-227, 229,
231.
good health of, 228, 237, 239.
the Queen of Spain's "kind-
ness" for, 229.
the King has expressed ap-
proval of, So.
his return to Madrid, 236, 237,
239, 240, 241.
prays that Lord Sandwich may
be well received, 236.
his friendship for Sir Robert
Southwell, 255.
death of, 254.
his familv, 34, 78, 127, 132,
160, 170, 178, 219. 246.
his wife. iS'ee Fanshaw, Ann,
Lady.
his son. iS'ee Fanshaw,
Richard.
his daughters, 25, 46, 48, 91,
?04, 217, &, 234, 237, and see
Fanshaw, Anna, Catherine, and
Margaret.
messages to, 140 (2),
142, 148, 152, 154 (2), 165, 168,
181, 208, 218, 255.
his brother. See Fanshaw,
Thomas, Lord.
his cousin, Lionel. See Fan-
shaw, LioneL
Richard or Dick (son of Sir
Richard), 218. 223, 224, 229, 234,
235, 237, 255.
Sir Simon (fourth son of Sir
Henry), 257.
Simon (son of first viscount), 258.
Thomas, of Jenkins (son of John),
Remembrancer of Exchequer to
Queen Elizabeth, 257.
wives and children of, 257.
Sir Thomas, first Viscount Fan-
shaw, Remembrancer of Ex-
chequer (eldest son of Sir Henry),
179, 202, 257.
death of, 188.
Fanshaw, Sir Thomas — cont.
son of. See Fanshaw, Tho« ,
second Viscount.
children of, 258.
Sir Thomas (son of Thomas), Clerk
of ine Council, 257.
Thomas, second Viscount Fanshaw
(eldest son of first Viscoimt), 188,
258.
William (son of Thomas), auditor
of the Duchy of Lancaster, 257.
Fanshaws, inscription for the family
vault of, 257.
Fanshaw-gate, co. Derby, 257.
Faro (Faeror), 38, 111, 120.
Farrell, Captain Edmond, pass for, 211.
Fdsset, John, 221.
Fauconberg or Faulconbridge, Lord
(Thomas Belasyse), 118.
brother of. See Belasyse,
iuajor.
Fell, Dr. John, Dean of Christchurch,
130.
Fenny, Captain, 174.
Fereira, Francisco, 110.
Ferns, Femes or Feams, Captain
Henry, 117, 135-138.
extract from the journal of,
136.
Ferrers, Captain Robert, letter of, 254.
Fez (Fesse), in Morocco, 32, 202, 212.
gardens and vineyards round,
212.
Fiesco, Faisco, or de Fiesque, Marques
or Conde Luis de, taken prisoner.
105, 108.
Figueira, Custom House and officers
at. 238.
Finch :
Sir Heneage, Solicitor General, 191.
brother of. See Finch, .Sir
John.
Sir John, made resident at Leg-
horn, 191.
Fish, ships laden with, 1, 221.
Fitzgerald :
Lieut. -Colonel or Colonel John,
deputy governor of Tangier, 160,
164, 172, 181, 246.
letters from, 32, 162 (2), 164.
167-169.
letter to, 169.
Lieut. -Colonel [Edward], 164.
Major, killed, 166.
Mrs., 25.
Fitzharding, Viscount (Charles Berke-
ley), 171, 172.
wife of. See Falmouth,
Countess of.
Fitzpatrick, Captain, killed, 161.
Flanders or the Low Countries, 52, 88,
225, 230, 246.
Spanish Governors of, 183.
Fleet, the English, camuU notices,
Eassim. Ana see Allin, Admiral ;
awson, Sir John ; and Smith, Sir
Jeremy, fleets of.
commanded by the Duke of York,
172, 179, 188.
Digitized by
Google
275
Fleet, the English — cont.
commanded by the Duke hi Albe-
marle, 218.
commanders of the three squadrons
of, 201.
commanders of, cashiered, 219.
fitting men appointed as, 219.
disaster to, 171-173.
Dutch ships taken by. See Dutch
ships.
engagement of, with Dutch fleet,
for Bombay, 18.
for the East Indies, 23.
for Portugal, 29 (2), 65, 76, 81, 87,
91.
for Tangier. See Tangier,
liberty of the Spanish ports desired
by or refused to, 158-162, 166,
169.
fovements of, 18, 22, 40, 168, 169,
173, 191, 196.
on the coast of Holland, 192, 193.
on the coast of Spain, 181, and see
under names of the several
Admirals.
salutations of or to, 155.
strength of, 165.
victory of, 173 (2), 194, 195.
victualling of, 33.
Flemish boors, 44.
ports, English ships admitted to,
219.
ship, 117.
Florence, State of, 232.
Fontaines, Mons. des, 109.
Ford, Harry, of Norfolk, 172.
Formosa. See Twyann.
Fortescue :
Francis, 191.
Mr., 191.
France, King of [Louis XIV.], 43, 44,
68, 127, 149, 150, 175, 178, 231, 242,
244.
letter of, to the Pope, 62.
to the Cardinals, 63.
order by, 63.
printed letters to, 38.
Ambassador extraordinary of,
to Rome. See Crequi.
Conmiissioners of, 71.
frigates built for, 188.
ministers of, 41.
pretensions of, in Spain, 37,
41.
and Portugal, 52, 63, 64, 81,
99, 125.
and the Pope, 55, 62, 71.
has offered to buy Tangier,
178.
his mother's dying words to,
230.
has declared war against Eng-
land, 235, 240, 242.
uncle of. See Metz, bishop
of.
France, King of — cont.
brother of. See Orleans,
Duke of.
Queen of (Maria Theresa), 147.
Queen Regent or Mother of (Anne
of Austria), 147.
illness of, 78.
death and dying words of,
230.
brother of. See Spain, Philip
rV, King of.
jeweller of, 63.
France, 1, 50, 109, 110.
agents of, in Portugal, 83, and see
Colbert, Mons.
allies of, 42, 125.
Ambassadors from, 45.
to England, 187, 191, and see
Cominges, Mons. de.
to Madrid, 45, 170, 242, and
see Embrun, Archbishop of.
Ambassadors to :
from England. See Holies,
Lord.
from Portugal. See Soure,
C^nde de, and Sande, Conde de.
from Spain. See Fuente,
Marquez de.
coast of, English fleet off, 165.
Court of, 171.
at St. G^rmadns, reception of
Lord Holies at, 147 (2).
examines into the quarrel
between HoUand and England,
174.
Crown, influence of, in Portugal,
64.
negotiations with, 26, 75.
Intendant de Finances in, 41.
messenger sent to, 83, 110.
news from, 58, 183.
Princess of, King of Portugal's
proposed marriage with, 71.
Princesses of, go to Portugal, 249,
253.
sale of Dunkirk to. See Dunkirk,
salute to the flag of, 202.
State papers of, betrayed to foreign
ministers, 150.
travellers to and from, 63, 64, 111,
132, 154, 178, 192, 202, 208.
treaties with, 83,^174, and see Spain,
disorders in, 5.
tries to prevent the English and
Portuguese marriage, 39.
intrigues of, in Spain and Portugal,
40^, 44, 49, 63, 64, 88, 89, &1,
242.
Walsingham's embassy to, 45.
help from, for Portugal, 64, 67,
64, 110, 125, 131.
money given by, to Holland and
Sweden, 125.
expected renewal of the war with,
127.
reUance of Holland upon, 167.
friendship of England with, 171,
224.
B2
Digitized by
Google
276
France — cont.
Lord Fitzharding sent to, 171, 172.
embassy from, to England, 186.
prospect of war with, 198, 227.
Venice and the Pope said to be
in league with, 232.
war with England, proclaimed,
£32, 235.
war with Spain, expected, 232.
danger of sending letters through,
Francis, Richard. See Fanshaw, Sir
Richard.
Franciscan order, the, 196.
Frankfort [on Main], assembly of
deputies at, 6.
Fraudulent conveyances, bill for pre-
venting, 148.
Frederick, John, 183.
Freeman, Sir Ralph, 78.
his daugnter, 78.
Fremont [Nicholas de] Sieur D'Ablan-
court, 99, 106, 130, 180.
letters from, 120, 124, 126,
142, 178.
letter to, 108.
French, the, ccuual noHcea, pcusim.
captives in Tunis or Algiers, 217,
249 (2).
flag, the, 209.
fleet, 201, 243, 249-251, and see
Beaufort, Drdse of, fleet of.
list of ships in, 251, 262.
orders for, 252.
incognito, 110.
language, letters, &c., written in,
63, S, 86, yi*, 100, 107-109, 115,
117, 118, 121, 126 (3), 139, 140
(2), 142, 143, 178, 180, 181,
208, 233, 234.
mariners, 139, 201, 249.
merchants, 251. ^
minister at Lisbon, 130, 177.
prisoners in the West Indies, 134-
138.
prizes, 209.
sea captain, 41.
ships, 137, 202, 209, 251.
English ships taken by, 217.
224.
taken by the English, 198,
231, 235.
taken by the Turks, 232.
troops, 127, 149.
in HoUand, 221, 222.
for or in Portugal, 40-42, 44,
63, 80, 91, 97, 100 (2), 109, 111,
118, and see Schonberg, regi-
ments of.
officers of, 91.
wines, ships laden with, 207,
209, 221, 249, 251.
reported loss of Gigerie by. Stc
Qigirie.
attack upon, in Rome, 62.
accounts of the battle of Ameixial,
by, 107, 109.
ill-understanding of, with the
Dutch, 188.
French, the — cont,
desire peace with England, 230.
Frenchman, seized for viewing the
works at Hull, 145.
in a play, 231.
Frenchmen, depositions of, 117, 136.
Fresqui [Ferexqui, Fiasetri], Gonde de,
Mestre de Campo, 105, 108.
Frexinall, letter dated at, 228.
Friesendorff, Lord John Frederick Van,
plenipotentiary from Sweden to Eng-
land, 22.
Frinton or Frunton, co. Essex, estate
of, 255, 256.
Frogiert, Mons., French minister at
Lubon, certificate signed by, 177.
Frunton. See Frinton.
FuensaldaCia or Fuensaldague, Oonde
de, Ambassador from Spain to France,
63.
Fuente, Marques de, Spanish Ambassa-
dor in France, 232 (2).
Fuorsy, Bay of- i69.
G.
Galizia or Galida, province or frontiers
of, 29, 50, 62, 96, 154, 208, 216.
army of, 47.
General of horse in, 36.
Gallipoly oil, ship laden with, 217.
Galway, Francis, 151.
Gambia (Gambo), river, 171.
Gamer, Nicholas, signature of, 136.
Garter, Order and Knights of tiie, 216.
prelate of the, 62.
Gaylan [Gtiyland, Guiland, Guyland,
Guylan], Oidi Hamet el Hader Ben
Ali, a Moorish chief, 32, 151, 157,
164, 168, 169, 172, 181, 182, 190, 210,
213, 241.
abode of. See Arzilla.
armv of, 156, 157, 164.
Benbucar's expedition against.
See Benbucar.
boats of, 168.
chief men or party of, 164, 197.
Commissioners sent to, 164, 172.
and Spain, 37, 130, 172, 199,
207-210, 241, 245.
defeat or repulse of, 151, 241.
victory of. See Tangier, defeat
of the garrison of.
former victory of, 156.
prospect of peace with, 197 (2),
201, 202.
sends a present to Lord Belasyse,
201, 202.
expedition of other chiefs against,
202 212.
peace' with, 241, 246, 247.
Digitized by
Google
277
Geneiro, Sir Manuel de, 66.
Genoa, State of, 232.
Ambassador from to Spam, 184.
Gentill, Mons., 183.
German Colonel, 114.
forces, 192.
(t.e., Prince Maorioe), in the West
Indies, 137.
Germans, 154.
Germany, 149, 164.
Ambassador of, to Spain, 170.
Princes of, 230, 232, 234.
friendly towards Charles II.,
deputies of, 6, 177.
Sir Thos. Roe's embassy to, 132.
Gibraltar, 168, 166, 172, 174 (2), 177,
181.
Governor of, 168, 174, 179.
new Mole at, 160.
Rock of, English frigates stranded
near, 179.
Gigirie (Gigarie, Gigery, Jugerer), loss
of, by the French, 169 (2), 172, 260.
Gilby, Colonel Anthony, deputy Gover-
nor of Hull, 146.
Gilderslewe, Robert, 136.
information by, 134.
Gilpin, Captain B., 119, 120.
letter from, 111.
Glasgow, 161.
High Commission Court at, 147.
minister at, 161.
Tolbooth in, prisoners committed
to, 161.
Gloria, Signora Silva da, 206.
Qoa, East Indies, 18, 19, 24, 142.
besieged by the Dutch, 19.
island near, 89.
vice King of, 89.
Goddard, Thomas, 164, 212, 228, 234,
264.
letter from, 164.
Godfrey, Mr., 192.
Godolphin :
Francis, 219.
William, secretary of Lord Arling-
ton, is to be secretary to the
Spuiish embassy, 219, 264.
Sir William, signature of, 220.
Godshill, Isle of Wight, 134.
Golden Fleece, order of, 97.
Gbmme, Sir Bernard de. Engineer
General, 167, 190, 202.
GU>odward, Giles, Consul at Malaga,
letters from, 211, 213, 216, 243, 247.
Goree, Dutch fleet at, 166, 167.
Gorer, Frederick, 138.
Gosport, near Portsmouth, 134.
Goudinge, Captain, 106.
Granada, 247.
judge-conservador of, 248.
oyidor of, 184, 186.
Great Seal, the, 4, 87, 89.
Grimston, Sir Harbottle, Master of the
Rolls, attempt against, 170.
Groyne, the. See Corunna.
Grun, John, 80.
Guadiana, the river, the Spanish army
crosses, 101.
Guinea (Guinny, Guiny), 146, 149, 160,
166, 167, 170, 187.
De Ruyter's fleet off, 166-168, 176.
178.
Hohnes* expedition to, 176.
reported capture of the English
forts, in, 173.
Guinea or Royal Company, 146.
ships of, 146.
Gusman. See Guzman.
Guylan or Gayland. .See Gaylan.
Guzman or Gusman, Don Anelo or
Daniel de, son of the Duke of Medina
de las Torres, 106, 108, 141-143, 199,
203, 233.
letter to, 199.
Donna Maria. See Cruz, sister
Maria de la.
H.
Haddock:
Captain, 174.
Mr., 131.
Richard, signatures of, 136 (2).
Hadham, co. Hertford, 268.
Hague, the, 7.
alarm at, 193.
Ambassadors from the Common-
wealth to, 6, 6.
intelligence from, 149, 151, 200.
false report of victory at, 198.
letters dated at, 4, 6, 166, 167, 176.
minister at, 198, and see Downing,
Sir George.
Halbord, Captain, 120.
Mr., 26.
Hall, Captain, of the Princess, 20.
Hamburg, ships of or Hamburgers, 88,
Hamilton :
Monsieur, 78.
remonstrator, 161.
Hampton Court, 28, 33, 69, 199.
letters dated at, 1, 22, 29-31, 200.
prepared for the Queen, 27.
privy garden at, 139.
Harcourt or Harcour, Prince de, 147.
son of. See Aimagnac, Comte
de.
Haro, Don Luis Mendez de. Marques
del Carpo y de Liche, Conde Duque
de Olivares, chief minister of the King
of Spain, 13, 16.
son of. See Liche, Marques
de.
Harrison, Sir John, father of Lady
Fanshaw, 63, 62 (2), 72.
letter to, 71.
Digitized by
Google
278
Haseley, co. Oxford. 216.
letter dated at, 216.
Hasellgrove, Captain, 174.
Hasset, Mons., letter to, 126.
Hastings, Mr., murdered, 191.-
Hatton, oir Christopher, Captain of the
Guard to Queen Elizabeth, made Lord
Chancellor, 139.
Sir Christopher of Kirby, wife of,
257.
Havanna in Cuba, city of, 136, 222.
Governor of, 222.
prisoners at, 134, 135.
Havre de Grace, 110.
Hawes, Thomas, articles of agreement
by, 256.
bond of, 257.
Hazard:
Margaret, information by, 134.
Robert, 134.
Hearth money, bill for, 149, 151.
Committee for, 149.
Heath, Mr., 8, 10, 11.
Heavers, Dr., prebendary of Windsor,
72.
Heenvliet, Mon.sieur, 4, 5.
Henchman, Humphrey, Bishop of Lon-
don, 177.
letter from, 255.
Henrietta Maria, Queen Dowager of
England, or the Queen Mother, 5,
192.
Council of, order by, 256.
Council Chamber of, in Denmark
House, 266.
manors of, 256.
moneys due to, 256.
physicians of, 192.
portion of, 53.
priests in attendance on, 74.
Henriques, Don Juan, Mestre de Campo,
105.
Herbert, William, Lord, son of the
Eari of Pembroke, 8, 14, 15.
Herrings, ships laden with, 221.
Hertford, co., 256-258.
receiver for, 256.
Hertingforaoury, co. Hertford, mes
suagd in, 257.
Hewish farm, 257.
Hich [Hicks ?], Dr. 72.
Hill, Captain, 161, 165.
Hispaniola, St. Dominique or Sail
Domingo, island of, 117, 137, 138.
president of, 137.
Hitchin, co. Hertford, manor of, 256
Hodges, Captain Richard, of the
WestergaU, 72, 73.
acknowledgment by, of papers
entrusted to him, 72.
letter of, 74.
Hodser, Don Patricio, 237 (2).
Holcombe, Humphrey, 165.
Holland, 110, 190, 198, 244.
Ambassador to, from England.
See Downing, Sir George.
from Portugal, 19.
discontent or disorder in, 192, 200.
English fleet on the coast of, 195.
Holland — cont.
English officer in, 257.
Estates General of. See States
General, below.
express from, 163, 215.
fleet of. See Dutch fleet,
frigates built in, 188.
messenger sent to, 110.
money given to by France, 125.
peace of, with Portugal. See
Portugal,
peace or treaty of, with Spain.
See Spain,
ports of, proposal to blockade, 179.
provinces of, 167.
reported conspiracy for betrayal of,
to the English, 179.
ships from, 178, and see Dutdi
ships,
ships to be built in, 167.
States or Estates General of, 167,
178, 179, 188, 198, 200, 252
deputies of, 178.
have no money and are in
debt, 166.
taxes imposed bv, 166, 167,
177.
war contribution demanded
bv, 232.
trade of, 19, 167.
treaty of, with France, 175.
war with, prospect of, 148, 150,
151, 154, 157, 160 (2), 163, 165,
167, 168, 170.
war with, 173, 175.
popular in England, 188.
help given to, by Queen Elizabeth,
37, 39.
Sir George Downing to go. as Am-
bassador to, 83.
rumour of intended peace with, 176.
Col. Ludlow in, 18Z.
false reports in, 198.
difficulty of, in finding a com-
mander for the fleet, ZOO.
war of, with the Bishop of Mun-
ster, 219, 232.
province of, proposals of, 167.
Holies, Denzil, Lord, 227.
letter from, 147.
letters to, 182, 186, 202, 224.
embassy of, to Paris, 83,
132.
reception of, at the French
Court, 147 (2).
gentleman in the suite of,
147.
HoUis, Captain, 241.
Holmes, Major or Captain Robert or
Robin, 61, 62, 77, 79, 82, 87, 91,
95, 110, 124, 171 (2).
letter of, 90.
letter to, 61.
affront offered to, 127-129.
examination of, 175.
Homerton, co. Huntington, 257.
Digitized by
Google
279
Uopton, Sir Arthur, 132.
Hosier, Captain, 174.
Howard, Captain Charles, of the
Merlin, 211.
letter of, 211.
Hoyo, Don Sevastian del, 183, 185.
Hudson, Captain, 165.
HuU, Dutch capers near, 191.
fortifications of, 145.
deputy governor of, 145.
intelligence from, 146.
Hunt, Lieut. -Colonel, killed, 161.
Huntingdon, co., 257.
Hyde, Sir Edward, Earl of Clarendon
and Lord Cuancellor, 65, 72, 88, 91,
113, 130, 153, 161, 217.
letters from, 4, 7-16, 23, 27
(2), 31 (2), 75, 89, 147, 148.
letters to, 26 (2), 36, 37, 39,
40, 49-51, 60, 63, 91, 112, 129.
endorsements by, 29 (2).
iUness of. 12, 23, 54, 57, 60,
75, 91, 146.
secretary of. See Bulteel,
John.
as Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer, 1.
as Ambassador extraordinaiy
to Spain, 3-
anxiety of, concerning Portu-
gal, 31.
recommends Sir Richard Fan-
shaw, 31 (2).
information ffiven to, 54, 57.
cannot intenere in favour of
Nicholas, 54, 55.
meddles only with matters
relating to his office and affairs
of state, 55.
is not apprehensive concern-
ing France, 89.
indignation of, at the refusal
to deliver up Bombay, 89.
charge brought against, by
the Earl of Bristol, 127.
the King holds conference
at his house, 144.
and Lord Sandwich's embassy,
226.
annoyance of, at Fanshaw's
action in Spain, 230.
sons of, 9.
eldest son of. See Combury,
Lord.
sister of, 14 (2).
her son, 14 (2).
Hyne, Captain Ellyas, 179.
I.
Immaculate Conception of our Lady,
festival of, 49.
Inchiquin, Earl of (Muirough O'Brien),
40. 41, 43, 49, 57, 60, 61, 66, 72 (2),
127, 128.
letters from, 35, 46, 127.
Inchiquin, Earl of — emit.
letter to, 59.
as commander of the English
troops in Portugal, 29 (2), 32,
55, 64, 86.
in England, 48, 51, 55^ 57,
95, 128.
accused of a design to pass
the English soldiers over to
Spain, 67, 68, 127.
son of, cashiered in France,
127.
brother of. See O'Brien,
Christopher.
India, Dutch ships on the coast of, 144.
English rights in, 149.
Indies, the, 125, 243, and see East
Indies,
former Viceroy in. See Atougia,
Conde de.
Ingram :
Sir Arthur, Governor of the Canary
Company, signature of, 212.
Sir Thomas (Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster), 167.
letter from, 200.
Ipswich, 134.
Ireland, 76, 139, 188, 205, 212.
bill for the settlement of, 127.
Commissioners for, 30.
Council of, 215.
Councillors of, 139.
intelligence from, 191.
leave of absence from, 3.
license to return to, 203 (2).
Lord Chancellor of, 139.
Lord Chief Justice of. ^ee Smith.
Lord Primate of [Dr. MargetsonJ,
Lord Lieutenant of. See Ormond,
Duke of.
Lord Ormond in, 127.
Scots in, rising of, 178.
soldiers going from, to Munster,
(Germany), 229.
Strafford's government of, 1.
Irish aqua vita, 215.
fish, sent to Spain, 1.
Irishmen, 209.
abroad, 26, 88, 137, 197, 203,
211.
ships, 209, 221.
Iron, ships laden with, 187, 221.
Italian ship, prize, 208.
Italy, disturbed state of, 232.
letters of marque sent to, 176.
soldiers from, 71.
strict measures taken in, against
infection, 213.
Jackson, Philip, merchant, 1, 2.
Jacob :
Abraham, 63.
David, an Armenian, 208.
Mr., 46, 123.
Digitized by
Google
280
Jacous, Matte, 138.
Jamaica, 55, 89, 222, 243.
Governor of. See Windsor, Lord.
Governor and iiieut. -Governor for,
88, 89.
the old Governor of (Don Christo-
pher), 35.
Japan, 70.
Jardin, Joseph, secretanr of the French
embassy at Madrid, 63.
his father and brothers, 63.
Jenkins (Inkens), co. Essex, 257.
Jersey, Governors of. See St. Albans,
Earl of, and Morgan, Sir Thomas.
Jeruminhe (Jenmiena, Jerumania), 97.
102, 10 r.
Jesuit fathers, 244.
Jesuits. See Priests and Jesuits.
Jewel house, master of. See Talbot,
Sir Gilbert.
Jew, person "miscalled" a, 94.
Jews, 148.
Jews or Jues river, near Tangier, 156.
Job's messengers, 45.
Jocquet, 84.
Johnson, Mr., 120, 121.
Jones, Mr., at Tangier, 207.
Juan, Don, of Austria, natural son of
Philip IV. of Spain, General of the,
Spanish army invading Portugal, 37,
52, 125, 186.
campaign of, in Portugal, 84,
85, y/i, 96-109, 114, 115, 125.
siege and taking of Evora by.
See Evora.
defeat of. See AmeixiaJ,
battle of.
carriage, standard and plate
of, captured, 109.
letter to, 140.
Judges, sent to the King, 150.
Jugerer. See Gigirie.
Jurv, a grand, bills found by, 191.
K.
Koiserstein, regiment of, 109.
Kent, CO., 258.
King:
Sir Andrew, 165, 178, 216, 233.
letter from, 218.
letters to, 154, 174.
Captain John, 190.
King's Bench :
Bar of, 171.
Court of, 192.
prison, committal to, 191.
Kirby (Cerbey), co. Northampton, 257.
Kirkhouse, letter dated at, 132.
Knightley, Major, killed, 156.
"Knot," the, 13.
Konigsberg, Comte de, 15a
La Brose, a filibuster, 138.
Lagos, 38.
La Guarda, siege of, 223.
Lancashire, royalist rising in, 13.
Lancaster, Duchy of, auditor of, 257.
Lander, Bobert de, 222.
depositions signed by, 222.
Landroal, 121.
army or camp at, 100, 102, 107.
letter dated at, 97.
Lands gained from the sea, bill relating
to, 148.
Landy, Captain, 161.
Langdon, Captain, killed, 156.
Langley, Captain Charles, slain, 223.
Languedoc, Protestant churches in, to
be demolished, 150.
Lasnier, Mons., 182.
La Strange. See L'Estrange.
Latin, letters written in, 1& (2), 134,
147, 148.
Latin secretary, 9, 11, and see Wecker-
lin, and Fanshaw, Sir Bichard.
salary of, 9.
Lauderdale, Earl of [John Maitland].
made Governor of Edinburgh
Caatle, 147.
called as a witness by Bristol,
127.
Lawson, Admiral Sir John, and his
fleet, 25, 32, 37, 82, 87 (2), 91 ^2),
123, 124, 155, 158, 164, 165 (2), 169.
letters from, 148, 164, 168,
160, 165, 166.
letters to, 159, 161, 163.
statement by, 123.
concludes a peace with Tripoli,
51.
returns to England, 168.
death of, 198, 200.
Lead, ship laden with, 165.
Leech, Sir Bobert, 35.
Leganes, Marques de, Governor of
Oran, 184, 185.
Leghorn or Legome, 88, 165.
English Besident at, 191.
Leifrid, Dr., Professor at Tubingen,
book written by, 6.
is imprisoned, and his book
burnt, 6.'
Lemercier, Donna Mariana, wife of
Antonio de Sousa, 181, 199, 244.
letter from, 204.
Lesley, Baron de, 240.
L'Estrange or La Strange, Boger,
surveyor of the press, 227.
Letters of marque, or reprisal, alluded
to, 17o.
Levant, com from, 232.
ships from, 232.
Lewis, George, 221.
Digitized by
Google
1^1
Liche or Lixe, Oasper de Haro, Marques
de (son of Don Luis de Haro), pris-
oner in Portugal, 106, 106, 108, 141
(2), 143, 100, 205, 233.
letters from, 164, 180, 234.
attempt at escape bj, 131.
Marquesa de, daughter of the Duke
of Medina Celi, 227, 232, 234.
Lincoln, Bishop of [Dr. Sanderson], 72.
Lincoln, Earl of [Theophilus Clinton],
78.
Lionne, Mons. de, clerk of, 150.
liisoon, Lisboa, or Lishboa, 22, 33, 34,
47, 49, 62, 61, 76, 79, 98, 132, 141,
x<A, 199, 263.
Archbishop of, 41, 42.
palace of, plundered by the
mob, 93.
arrival of the Brazil fleet at, 118.
Auto da f6 at, 177.
castle of St. George at, letters
dated at, 164, 180, 234.
convents of, procession of the friars
of, 94.
English chaphiin at, 67, 81, 177,
arui see Marsden, Thomas.
church at, 81.
Ck)llege at. President of, 48,
60.
Consul at, 66, 67, and «ee
Maynard, Thomas, and Robin-
son, Mr.
embassy at, secretary of, 133.
merchants at, 81, lii, 209.
certificate signed by, 178.
fleet going to, 8U, 91, 246.
Exchequer of, 123.
Fanshaw^s house in, 41.
French agent at, 49.
minister at, 130, 177.
Princesses expected at, 249,
253.
gates, the Earl of Essex sticks his
dagger into, 39.
houses of the nobility in, plun-
dered, 93, 94.
letters dated at, 16, 22, 24-26, 28,
29 (3), 32, 35-37, 39, 40 (2), 45
(2), 49-51, 53, 55-57, 59-63, 66
(2), 68-73, 76, 81, 86 (2), 91, 92,
100 (2), x05, 110-113, 118, 120,
121, 123 (2), 124, 126, 128-132,
140-143, 153, 160, 171, 176, 179,
180, 203, 204, 222, 233, 235, 244.
letters received at, 48, 49, 65.
map or "draught'' of, alluded to,
62.
merchants of, 123.
nunnery in, 93.
palace of, 34, 49 (2), 68, 92, 93,
120, 126, 128, 130.
the Broad Place or Terrero,
and yard of, 92, 93.
. Secretaria in, 92.
letters dated at, 68 (2), 72,
85 (2), 100 (2), 101, 113, 116 (2),
121.
rM)rt or road of, 41, 90.
Lisbon, Lisboia, or Lishboa, port of — corU.
ship wrecked in, 51.
Quinta de Alleyroy near, 25, 34.
Prince Rupert at, 79.
riot in, 92-94, 125.
quenched with buckets from
the church," 94.
river of. See Tagus.
rock of, 254.
ships to and from, 82, 89, 100, 123,
126, 143, 183, 208, 209, 251.
Sir Robert Southwell at, 226, 229.
Spanish prisoners in, 114, and see
Guzman, Don Andlo de ; Liche,
Marques de, and Alar9on, Fran-
cisco de.
*• the town of Ulysses," 120.
travellers to or from, 16, 19, 91,
171, 235.
troops to be sent from, 84, 98.
Littleton, Sir Christopher, 89.
Liturgy, banishment of, 133.
restoration of, 134.
Lodestein, Conde de, 108.
Lodovido, Prince, 202.
London, B -shops of. See Sheldon,
Gilbert, and Henchman, Humphrey.
Aldermen of, 30.
bankers in, 34.
carriers forbidden to go to, 218.
constables of, order to, 192.
correspondents in, 18d.
intelligence from, 199, 231.
letters oated at, 16, 17 (2), 27 (2),
33 (2), 47, 49, 54, 79, 127, 130,
141 (2), 147, 148.
Lord Mayor of, 194.
1 merchants of, 81, 82, 201, 238.
' plague in, 192, 198, 199, 216, 220,
227, 230, 241, 246.
prisoner in, 53.
rejoicings in, 194.
ships of, 165, 221, 254.
Streets, buildings, &c., in: —
Bristol House, 71.
Denmark House, Queen Mother^s
Council Chamber in, 256.
Gray's Inn, 170, 257.
LincoUis Inn Fields, 218, 256,
257.
Long Acre, 199.
Ludgate, head set upon, 146.
Old Bailey, trial at, 145.
Palace in, letter dated at, 16.
Poplar, 256.
St. Andrew's, Holbom, parish
of, 192.
St. Clement Danes, parish of,
192
St. GUes, 199.
St. Giles in the Fields, parish
of, 192.
St. James' [Palace], comedy and
baU at, 144.
letters dated at, 87 (2), 124.
Woolchurch, 192.
Worcester House, letters dated
at, 23, 75, 89.
Digitized by
Google
:382
London — corU.
suspected houses in, to be shut up,
travellers to and from, loO (2),
131, 178, 218.
troops to be shipped from, 91.
Long, Mr., 4, 5.
Sir Robert, order signed by, 256.
Lord Chamberlain. See Manchester,
Earl of.
Lord Chancellor. See Hyde, Earl of
Clarendon.
temp. Elizabeth, 139.
Lord Treasurer. See Southampton,
Earl of.
Lords, House of, adjournment of, 150.
amendments made in, 149.
charge brought in against Claren-
don, 127.
conference of, with the Commons,
150.
vote of, alluded to, 161.
Lord's Supper, or Holy Communion,
the, admmistered in French, 130.
Lord's Table, furniture and nax)ery for,
133.
Lorraine, Duke of, 127.
Prince of the House of, 147.
French army goes into, 127.
Low Countries, late Gk)vemor of. See
Juan, Don.
Loyola, Blaaco de, Spanish Secretary
of State, 242.
letter of, 193.
Lucca, resident from in Spain, 170.
Luckin, Thomas, minister of Wimble-
don, 144.
imprisoned in the Gatehouse,
146, 146.
Ludlow, Colonel Edmund, boasts of
his interest in Eitgland, 182.
Lutcerell, Mr., 170.
Luxemburg, Marquis of, 230.
Lye, Robin, 206.
M.
Maas or Maze, the, 165.
McAverinff, — , 170.
Macedo, Antonio de Sousa de, Secretaiy
of State in Portugal, formerly Resi-
dent in England, 25, 33 (2), 41, 45,
46, 49, 71, 73, 89, 97, 108, 111, 128,
130, 143, 153, 203, 204.
letters from, 34, 68 (3), 72,
85, 86, 100 (2), 101, 106, 110,
116 (2), 129, 141, 180, 181, 203,
244.
letters to, 74, 85, 100, 101,
199.
certificate by, 129.
complaints by and against, 48.
marriage of his son, 25.
wife of. See Lemercier,
Donna Marianna.
Madeira, island of, 153.
Madrid, 51, 88, 152, 162, 173, 178, 181,
196, 208, 233, 238 (2), 261.
Ambassadors at. See Spain, Am-
bassadors to. •
quarrels of, 43.
Buen Retiro, palace of, near, 254.
bull fight at, 190.
Castle De Campo (Decampaye),
near, 239.
celebration of festival in, 92.
French embassy at, secretary of,
63.
informations or intelligence from,
68, 195, 232.
letters dated at, 4, 130, 132, 159,
161, 163, 169, 170, 173, 175,
176 (2), 178, 182 (2), 184-187,
190 (2), 193, 194, 196, 198-
206, 211-213, 215, 222-224, 228,
229, 234, 235, 239-241, 243, 246,
247, 254.
printed, 227.
letters received at, 158 (4), 160,
163, 164, 197, 243.
palace of, 201.
solemnities at, 155.
summer furnishing of, 154.
river at, 239.
' Santa Barberica in, 239.
Sir Richard Fanshaw at. See
I Fanshaw.
travellers to, 15, 64, 170, 195, 218,
219, 232.
Majorca or Mayorke, 160, 202.
Malabar, 144.
Malacre, West Indies, 117.
Malaga, 152, 162, 164, 166, 196, 232.
English Consul at. See Wood-
ward, Giles.
English merchants at, 214, 216.
gentlemen or citizens of, 214, 248.
governor of, 206, 210, 211, 213-
215, 247.
judge-conservador in, 186.
letters dated at, 211, 213-215, 243,
247.
prison in, 248.
road, ship taken in, 220.
ships of, to or from, 51, 158, 174,
194, 199, 251.
sub-governor or Alcalde Major of,
247, 248.
Mallorca (? Majorca), 184.
Malta, knight of, 182.
Master of, 184.
brother of, 183.
Man, Colonel. 152.
Manchester, Earl of (Edward Monta-
gue), Lord Chamberlain, 65.
warrants of, 132 (2), 133 (3).
Marcyn or Marchin, Count, Commander
in the Spanish army, 97, 182, 233.
letter from, 215.
Digitized by
Google
283
Marea, Ck)mte de, 164.
Jdarialva, Marques de, Dom Antonio
Luis de Menesea, Conde de Cantan-
hede, generalissimo in Alentejo, 25,
93, 94, 114, 116.
house of, plundered by the
mob, 95.
Quinta of, 94.
brother of, the Regidor, 93.
Marlborough, Earl of (James Lev), at
Bombay, 87 (2), 89.
Marsall, in Lorraine, garrison at, 127.
Marsden, Thomas, chaplain to Fanshaw
and to the English at Lisbon, letters
from, 159, 176.
certificate in favour of, 177.
Marseilles or Marcellis, intelligence
from, 243.
ships of, 174.
Marsham, Ferdinando, 72.
Marston, Nathaniel, Consul at Seville,
death of, 193.
Martin, Cape, 185.
Martinique, De Kuyter at, 200.
Masiel. See Ameixial.
Maskelyne, Will, signature of, 212.
Masters, Thos., 134.
Mathews, Archbishop [of York], 78.
Captain, 174, 220.
Maurice, Prince, depositions concerning,
117, 134-139.
his shipwreck, 117, 134, 135,
137, 138.
his imprisonment, 118, 134-
139.
his death, 117 (2).
Maynard :
Captain, 161.
Anthony, 54.
Chris., Vice-Consul at Lisbon,
certificate signed by, 177.
Thomas, English Consul at Lisbon,
16, 24, 25, 43, 62, 58, 66, 81,
82, 115, 151, 164, 180, 208, 258.
letters from, 128, 142, 153,
160, 171, 222, 255.
letters to, 55, 128.
certificate signed by, 177.
his wife, 55, 59, 142.
. death of, 171.
brother of. See Maynard,
Captain.
Mazarin, Cardinal, 10.
confidant of, 41.
secretaries of, 40, 41.
Duke of, forces under, 149.
Meakinge, Comet, 105.
Medellin, 257.
Medina Cell, Duque de. Governor of
Andalusia, 71, 145, 159, 160, 162,
185, 188-190, 192, 195, 195, 196, 252,
244, 246, 264.
. letter from, 257.
letters to, 150, 257.
dealings of, with Gay land,
207, 210.
adjutant of, 189.
Auditor-General of, 251.
Medina Celi, Duque de. Governor of
Andalusia — cont.
daughter of, See Liche,
Marquesa de.
of Port, Duke. See Medina Celi.
Medina de las Torres, Duque de (Don
Kamero Nunez Felipez de Gusman,
Marques de Toral), chief minister of
Spain, 56, 88, 150, 143, 164, 173 (2),
228, 229, 251, 254-256, 259, 240, 254.
letters to, 147, 148, 155, 256,
265.
visits Lady Fanshaw, 225.
views and policy of, 225-227,
242.
is proxy at the Infanta's
marriage, 247.
treaty signed with, by Fan-
shaw, 256.
secretary of, 229.
sons of. See Guzman, Don
Anelo, and Domingo, Don.
brother-in-law of, 226.
Duchess of, 226, 226, 229.
Medina Sidonia, Duke of, father of the
Abbess of Alcantra, 145.
Mediterranean sea, 169, 185.
Melee, Gilberto, Dutch Commissary at
Cadiz, 211, 261.
Meilish, Edward, 258.
letter of, 258.
kinsmen of, 258.
Melo:
Sieur Denys de. General of
Artillery and Commander in
Alentejo, 56.
Don Francisco de. See Sande,
Marquis of.
Don Francisco de (jimior), 64.
Meneses, Don Luys de. Marques de
Panalva, General of horse in Galida,
56, 47, 49.
Mennes, Sir John, 61, 72.
letter from, 79.
letter to, 70.
wife of, 70.
Merchants, cheating of their creditors
by, bill lor prevention of, 148.
Mercuric Portuguez^ copy of, 75.
Merida, letter dated at, 257.
Metz, Bishop of, uncle to the French
King, 184.
Mejmell, Alderman, 50.
Middleburgh, libellers to be tried at,
152.
Middleton, Earl of, government of
Edinburgh Castle taken from, 147.
Militia, debates concerning, 85.
Miller. Major [John], 146.
Mines, Mins or Myngs, Captain, or Sir
Christopher, 226.
letter of, 34.
capture of St. lago upon
Cuba by, 54.
Minho or Minio, province of, frontiers
of, 49. 62, 84, 98.
Minnes, Captain (Sir John Mennes?), 352.
Mins. See Mines.
Digitized by
Google
284
Miranda:
Gonde de, Ambassador from Portu-
gal to Holland, 19, 20.
Henri Henriques de, gentleman of
the bedchamber, 97.
Manual de, his brother, Govemor
of Evora, 9Y.
Mohun (Mauhun), Captain, 174.
Moledi (Muledi, Mollery, 0*Moledi,
Hamoleda), Don Patricio or Sir
Patrick, Spanish agent in England,
68, 128, 217, 229, 230.
Molesworth, Colonel Guy, Lieut.-
Colonel of the English troops in
Portugal, 46, 66, 86.
condemned to be shot, 74.
letter to, 66.
Molina (Moliney, Molinay), Conde de,
Spanish Ambassador in England,
187, 201, 225, 226, 229, 256.
Molinnick or Molynick, in Cornwall,
205.
letters dated at, 178, 202.
Molloy, Lieut. -Colonel, 156.
Monck, George, General, 12.
his army, 12.
as Duke of Albemarle and
Lord General, 65, 84, 86.
is to command the fleet, 218,
219.
Monmouth, Duke of [James Scott], 172.
marriage of, 80.
Montague :
Edward, Master of the horse to
Queen Catherine, 24, 26, 27.
letter of, 79.
Admiral Edward, 12, and see Sand-
wich, Earl of.
Montalto, Duke of, 252 (2).
Monte Mor, troops sent to, 98.
Montenegro, Don Antonio de, Com-
missary General, 108.
Montesarcho, Principe, 195.
Moore or More^
Captain William, 116, 161.
(brother-in-law of Sir Thos. Bever-
ley), 218.
Moors, 148, 165, 169 (2), 181, 182, 186,
190, 194, 215, and see TurKS.
advares or nomadic villages of,
18§.
boats captured by, 207.
losses of, 156.
prisoners of, kept as slaves, 207.
repulse of, 148.
skirmishes with, 159.
Moralis, Don Pedro de, Governor of
St. lago upon Cuba, 55.
Mordaunt or Mordent, Captain, 156.
More. See luoore.
Morea, the, ships to, 165.
Morfoue, Don Whan [Colonel Murphy?],
157.
Morgan :
Major-General or Lieut. -General Sii
Thomas, 59.
forces imder, 152.
made Govermor of Jersey, 227.
Mo^^gan — cont.
Valentine, English Consul at San
Sebastian, ^4.
letter from, 252.
letter to, 240.
Morioe or Morris, Sir William, Secre-
tary of State, 45, 49, 72, 91, 147, 215.
letters from, 48, 75, 79.
letters to, 45, 60, 178.
blank commissions sent by,
183.
documents countersigned by,
20, 29.
Morley, Lora, 191.
Morley, Dr. G^rge, 11.
as Bisnop of Winchester, 72.
letter to, 115.
Morocco, 2ti</z.
Morphy, Torlagh, pass for, 205.
petition of, 205.
Mortality, biUs of, alluded to, 192, 201.
Moscow, 146.
Mostyn, Colonel, 89.
Munster :
Bishop or Prince of, 167, 17?, ?A2,
222, 229.
agent sent to, 219.
movements of, 250, 252
: troops of, 219, 222.
Greneral of, 221
Munsterland, 222.
Murray, Charles, 6.
N.
K antes, 156.
Edict of, 150.
Naval preparations in England, 175.
Navarre, frontier of, 255 (2).
Navy, Commissioners of, 70, 78.
Negro slaves, sale of, 152.
Netherlands, forces for, 192.
Nevill, Colonel Henry, 144.
Newcastle, Duke of (William Caven-
dish), 191.
Newcastle, ships from, 195.
New England, fish from, 221 (2).
traveller to, 222.
Newfoundland, ships, 168, 179.
New Netherland, ship from, 149.
Newse (Nues), Thomas or William, 257.
News letters, 144, Inb, 150, 170.
Spanish, 252.
^Nice, Marques de. See Niza.
Nicholas, Don, 228.
Sir Edward, Secretary of State,
6, 11, 57 (2), 50.
dismissal of, 48, 54, 75.
money and title offered to, 54.
title refused by, 55.
Niza or Nice, Marques de (Don Luis
Vasco de Gama, Conde de Vidiguera),
25, 94.
Nobales [NovoliA H. Don Juan, 108.
Digitized by
Google
285
Noirmoustier, Marquis de, 233.
Nolandy Captain, Killed, 161.
Norfolk, 172.
Norris, Sir John, 39.
Northampton, co., 257.
North Sea, Dutch fleet gone to, 195.
Norton, co. Derby, 257.
Norwood:
Edward, 177.
Colonel Henry, or "Squire," 164.
letters from, 171, 250.
letter to, 126.
affront offered to, 127-129.
made Lieut. -Goyemor of
Tangier, 246.
Nova Espana fleet, 241.
Nuiiez da Cunha or d'Acuna, Juan,
Portuguese officer, 36, 45, 49 (2).
letter of, 47.
0.
Obdam. ^ee Opdam. ^
O'Brien, Major Gleneral Christopher,
brother of the Earl of Inchiquin, 52,
60, 66, 68, 72, 73 (2), 112, 128.
letters to, 68, 72, 73.
accused of a design to take
the English troops over to Spain,
67, 68, 84, 127.
imprisonment of, 68.
Albemarle and Bennet report
upon, 86.
servants of, 68.
Oieras (Oyers, Wyers), Bay of, 74.
letter dated from, 46.
O'Moledi. See Moledi.
Oiiate, Duke and Count of, letter of,
222.
O'Neill :
(O'Nell), Daniel, death of, 172.
(O'Neel), Sir Phelim, 178.
Opdam, Obdam or Updam, Admiral,
166, 179.
fleet of, 165, 166, 167.
Oporto, " 38.
letters dated at, 238 (2).
Oran, Governor and garrison of, 182,
184, 185.
country round, 185.
Orange, William, Prince of, 4, 179,
200.
Mary, Princess of, daughter of
Charles I., 5.
letter of, 4.
'her portion and jointure, 4, 5.
[Amelia], Princess Dowager of,
imprisonment of, 179.
Orleans, Duke of, or Monsieur, brother
of the French King, 147, 168.
daughters of, 44.
Mademoiselle, his eldest
daughter, 44, 63.
Orleans, Duke of, eldest daughter of
— cont.
to marry the King of
Portugal, 184.
Duchess of or Madame, his wife
(Princess Henrietta Anne of Eng-
land), 147.
birth of her son, 163.
Princesses of. See Orleans, Duke
of, daughters of.
Ormond, James Butler, Marquis, and
(in 1660), Duke of, 3, (2), 8, 9, 16,
159.
letter to, 24.
as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland,
215.
called as a witness by Bristol,
127.
his wife, the Duchess of
Ormond, 24.
Oropesa, letter dated at, 239.
Ossati, Cardinal de, 37.
Ostend, Commissioners of Queen Eliza-
beth at, 43.
ships of, or Ostenders, 51, 61, 70,
Otoguia or Outoguia, Conde de, 51.
Oxford, Earl of (Aubrey de Vere), 191.
Oxford, 219, 242.
"Athenians" at, 218.
Charles I. at, 67.
letter aated at, 217.
Magdalen College, letter dated at,
iPresident of, 218.
Oxfordshire, 216.
Oyanguren or /aigoren, Don Luis de,
Spanish Secretary of State, 36.
letter to (Y), 159.
death of, 204.
chamberlain of, 159.
Oyers, Bay of. See Oieras.
P.
Pacheco, Don Diego, 215.
Paige, John, of the Canary Company,
signature of, 212.
Palatine, Princes. See Rupert, Maurice
and Edward.
Palme, Val de, 100.
Palmer, Sir Geoffiy, Attorney General,
146, 218.
Panalva, Marques de. ^S'ee Meneses,
Don Luys de.
Pantoja, Don Balthazar de Roixas,
Governor of the army of Galizia, 47.
Papists, bill against, not passed, 127.
laws against, to be put in force,
127.
Paris, 43, 147, 215, 227.
Bastile at, prisoner in, 33.
letter dated at, 208.
travellers to and from, 6, 7, 8, 184.
Digitized by
Google
286
Parker :
Captain, 174
John, 80.
Nicholas, Gonial at Algiers, letter
of, 214.
Parliament (of the Commonwealth),
12, 16.
the Rump, " sits and. governs
three kingdoms," 16.
invasion of church land by,
256.
Parliament of Charles 11., 77, 79, 127,
179.
adjournment or prorogation of, 79,
127, 147.
and supplies or revenue, 77, 80, 87.
and the Act of Uniformity, 80.
attends the King, 152.
bills in, 127.
consents to the Duke of York
having full power over the fleet.
179.
dissolution of, 27.
meeting or session of, 48, 66, 147,
168.
members of, 147.
Bill for regulating the election
of, 149.
message to, from the King, 147.
proscription of priests and Jesuits
demanded b^, 74.
refuses the King's wish for tolera-
tion, 77, 80.
temper of, 80, 84, 87.
Parliamentary affairs, 79
Parma, resident from, in Spain, 170
L^asqtuu, the benign time of, 214.
Patrick, Father, 226, 227, 229, 231,
234, 235, 239, 240.
Paulinge, Captain, killed, 104, 105
Peach, William, 67.
Pearson or Person, Colonel, 161.
regiment of, 161.
Pembroke, Earl of (Philip Herbert), 10,
14.
- — his wife, 14.
his son. See Herbert,
WiDiam, Lord.
Penn, Sir William, 170, 201.
Pennaranda (Penneirandy), Condc de,
235, 240, 254.
Percival, Mr., 192.
Perkins, a bailiff, murdered, 191
Perry, Ensign, 223.
Person. See Pearson.
Peterborough, Earl of (Henry Mor-
daunt), Governor of Tangier, 37 (2),
80, 119, 121, 182, 187.
his return to England. 91,
110, 111, 120.
Physicians, Bill for granting a charter
to, 149 (2), 150.
Pillory, persons set in the, 145.
Pimentell, Don Antonio, 184, 186.
Pinheros, convent dos, 100.
Pirates, 70.
Plague, the, 192, 206, 210, 235, and
see London, the plague in.
increase of, 218, 219.
' Plague, the — cont.
decrease of, 212, 213 (2), 230.
disappearance of, 241.
distraction caused by, 216-218.
news of, cannot be suppressed, 201.
precautions against in Spain, 199,
207, 209, 210, 237.
Play, acted in England, 231.
Plesse, or Piece, Mons. de la, 109 (2).
114.
Plymouth (Plimouth), 41, 175, 209, 210.
fort of, letter dated at, 205.
French troops embarking from, 91,
118.
ships of, 220, 221 (2).
Poleron, island of, 144, 150.
Pollen, Lieutenant, killed, 122.
Ponce or Ponze de Leon, Don Luis,
232 (2).
Ponte, Conde de. See Sande, Marques
de.
Ponteval, Conde de, 41.
Pontevedra, Condestable at, 241.
letters dated at, 155, 241.
prisoner at, 208.
Poole, Captain William, 143, 158.
Pope, the (Alexander VII.), 36, 56,
71, 83, 232.
— =- letter to, 62.
Commissioners of, 71.
Corsican Guard of, attack
upon the French Ambassador by.
Popish books and trinkets, 145.
Port Alegre, Bishop of. See Russell.
troops at, 56.
Porta Santa Maria. See Port St. Mary.
Port au Prince (Porto Prince), Cuba,
136.
Port de la Plata, Hispaniola, 138.
Portland, Earl of, 72.
Port Mahon or Mayon, Minorca, 160.
Porto del Key, 102, 107.
Porto Rico. See Puerto Rico.
Port St. Mary or Porta Santa Maria,
130, 189, 196, 254.
Dutch Commissary at, 251.
letters dated at, 188, 190, 214, 237.
prisoner at, 165, 211.
Portsmouth, 134, 141, 219.
bUl of health from, 241.
Queen Catherine lands at, 27.
letter dated at, 28.
Portugal :
Don Antonio of, 39.
Don Sebastian of, 36, 170.
King John I. of, victory of, 85.
John IV., late King of, 36, 49, 67.
anniversary of the proclaim-
ing of, 49.
Councillors of, 97. *
persons " marked with a black
coal bv," 96.
Alfonso VI., King of, 17, 19-21,
24, 26, 36, 40, 51, 55, 57, 64,
66, 69, 73 (2), 78, 81, 82, 89,
92, 96, 123 (3), 128, 180, 203,
204, 212, 238, 244, 245.
Digitized by
Google
287
Portugal, Alfonso VI., King of— con/.
as Seftor or Conde of Portugal,
40.
as King of Brasil, 38.
letters from, 16, 26, 29 (2),
129 (3), 151, 132.
letters to, 22, 28, 30, 31, 47,
75.
agent of, in London. Stt
Colonel Sir Augustine.
audiences of, 63, 60, 52.
Commissioners of, 52.
Commissioners to, 161.
dues owing to. Sm Braiil
ships.
favourite of. See Castelmel-
hor, Conde de.
gentleman of the bedchamber
to, 97.
message from, 53, 121.
his payment of his sister's
dowry. Set Catherine, Queen,
dowry of.
brother of. Stt Infante
Pedro, htlow,
takes the government, 29-32.
and Sir Kichard Fanihaw,
33, 49, 56, b6,121, 126, 129,
131, 132.
demands to sign as King,
36, 38, 39.
and the English troops, 37,
46, 55, 91, 161.
danger of his yielding to
Spain, d8.
proposed marriage of, with a
Princess of Orleans, 44, 63, 71,
184, 234, 249.
raises the price of gold, 61,
69.
movements or plans of, 61,
85 (2), 92, 94, 143, 233.
a yacht suggested as a present
for, 62.
sends Major-Gkneral O'Brien
to England, 68.
and the delivery of Bombay to
England, 89, 90.
keeping of the feast of Corpus
Christi by, 92.
tries to pacify the people, 93.
report that he is killed, 93.
orders the army to give battle,
98.
information of the battle of
Ameixial sent to, 106.
Don Juan's standard sent to,
109 (2).
invitation from, to the Engliah
commanders, 126.
Lord Teviot visits, 130.
renewed negotiations of, with
Spain, 131, 132, 140.
and his Spanish prisoners,
141.
present sent by, to Tangier,
200.
Portugal — coni.
Q^een regent of, Luisa [de Qus-
man], widow of King John IV.,
19-21, 23-25, 28, 61, 62, 70, 80,
128.
documents signed by, 16, 26.
letters from, 26 (2), 28, 29.
letters to, 16, 17, 28, 31 (2).
chaplains of, 56.
character of, 16, 17, 21, 30.
Confessor of. Stt Rosario,
Prey Domingo del.
Counsellors of, 97.
ministers of, 69.
physician of, 51.
regency of, 36, 57.
resigns the government, 29-31,
53, 57, 69, 70, 94.
accused of exhausting Portu-
gal for the sake of her daughter,
sends her people to help
against the mob, 94.
Infante Pedro of, the King's
brother, 38, 93, 130.
marriage of, 249.
Portugal, casual noticts, p<i8sim.
affairs of, 22, 56, 70, 83, 123, 124,
129, 131, 244.
rit sent to England by, 30.
nee of, with England, 16, 18-
21, 23, 38, 42, 89, 90, 244.
Ambassadors of, 45, 64.
to England. Stt Sande,
Marques de.
to Prance. Stt Soure, Conde de.
to Holland. Stt Miranda,
Conde de.
Ambassadors to, 45.
from England. Stt Fanshaw,
Sir Richard, and Sandw'ch, Ea.'l
of.
(Ump. John l.h 85.
from France (late), 64.
and Spain, relations of, pmnra.
army of, 18, 50, 85, 92, 97, 153,
203.
character of, 84, 95, 106, 114,
160.
commanders of, incapacity or
indolence of, 84, 97, 106, 107,
114, 116.
• aesertions from, 98.
Generals of, 101, 104, and ut
Marialva and Villa Flor, Mar-
ques de.
lodgings of, 116.
Lieut. -General of, 116.
movements of, 98-105, 107,
215, 222.
officers of, 36.
Camp-Master General,
161.
General of the Artillery,
161.
GJeneral of the Horse,
161.
prisoners taken by, 115 (2).
Viador of, 109.
Digitized by
Google
288
Portugal, anny of — cont.
march of, to relieve Evora,
92, 102, 107.
skirmishes of, with the rebels,
100, 101.
victory of. See Ameixial,
battle of.
campaign of, will be stopped
by the heat, 114, 119.
aversion of, to the admittance of
strangers, 65.
Bishops in, 72.
Brazil fleet of, 142.
bull-fights in, 22, 127, 129.
business of, delayed by the Lord
Chancellor's illness, 54, 57, 60.
cautionary towns in, 59, 65.
cipher used in, 156.
coast of, piracies upon, 51.
Spanish fleet going to, 249.
coinage of, raising of the value of,
61, 69, 94.
Condado in, 215.
condition of, 37, 52, 57, 58, 60, 61,
91, 142.
correspondence with, falls to
Bennet, 74 (3), 75.
Council of, 40, 84, 86, 91, 92, 98,
111, 123, 233.
Court of, or Court of Lisbon, 40,
41, 49, 56 (2), 61, 64, 84, 98, 105,
141, 153, 161, 180, 203, 223, 238.
bribery at, 33.
ceremonies or festivities of,
33, 34, 49, 92, 118.
factions in, 18.
French agents at, 83.
the Governor of Evora afraid
to appear at, 97.
negligence or affront shown
by, 127-129.
Crown or Kingdom of, 18, 34, 37,
45, 53, 56, 71, 160.
affection for, or desire to help,
16, 28 (2), 31 (2), 32.
devolution of, 38, 52.
has been on the verge' of ruin,
124.
help for, from England, 18,
31, 52, 53, 58-63, 74, 75, 99, 244.
English army or troops, for or in.
29 (3), 37, 38, 43, 44, 55, 59, 60,
66, 76, 80, 98, 111, 114, 118,
121, 122, 153, 161.
at Ameixial and Evora, 101-
109, 114-116, 118.
"comical passages" told of, 118.
commissioners from, to the
King, 161.
discontent or desertion of, 32,
42, 44, 51, 71, 84.
endeavours of the Spaniards
to entice over, 52.
good conduct and valour of,
56. 84, 101-106, 109, 110. 115,
116, 118, 119, 121, 122, 142, 160,
223.
late Lieut. -Colonel of. jS*««5
Molesworth, Guy.
Portugal, English army or troops, for
or in — cont.
losses of, 105, 122, 223.
necessities of, or money needed
for, 32, 37, 40, 43, 44, 46, 48,
51, 52, 54, 57, 60, 66, 76, 83,
84, 86, 98, 106, 110, 114, 117,
122, 125, 126, 142, 153, 161.
officers of, 32, 45, 83, 111.
letter and petition of,
74, 86.
letter to, 86.
killed and wounded, 161.
to be paid from the Queen' 9
portion, 54, 57, 66, 74, 76, 81.
86, 91, 111.
paymaster general to,, 67.
Count Schonberg appointed to
the command of, 64, 74, 76, 86.
proposed removal of, 76, 81,
119, 122, 126.
reduced numbers of, 119, 142,
223.
English anny in (former), 29, 31.
English envoy to. See SouthweU,
Sir Robert.
merchants in, 18, 52, 56.
minister for, 23.
fleet of, 18.
Frencn agent in. See Colbert.
troops for or in, 40-42, 44, 63,
91, »8, 105, HI, 124, 142, 153,
160, and see dchonberg, regiment
of.
garrisons of, 92, 101.
Tack of shipping in, 44.
ministers or government of, 18,
43, 53-55, 57 (2), 60, 61, 63, 65,
68, 69, 73, 86, 92, 93, 110, 112,
125, 129, 142, 153, 160, 180, 203,
204, 223.
Mini8tros de letraa, 203 (2).
nobility of, 32, 93, 94.
patron saints of, 50.
payments by, to the English troops,
43, 44.
for the Infanta's dowry. See
Catherine, Queen.
Regidor of, 93, 96.
royal family of, restoration of, 49.
Secretary of State. See Macedo,
Antonio de Sousa.
de la puridad. See Castel-
melhor, Conde de.
Spanish prisoners in, 105, and «ee
Liche, Marques de ; Guzman, Don
Afiello ; and Alar9on, Don Fran-
cisco de.
succour given to, by Queen Eliza-
beth, 39.
title of Sefior or Conde de, 40.
towns of, in correspondence with
Don Juan, 125.
governors of, 56.
trade of, 18, 19, 89.
treaty of, with England, pawim.
with Holland, 19, 20.
with Spain, proposed, pasaitn.
Digitized by
Google
289
Portugal, treaty of, with Spain — cont,
preliminary articles of,
'66,
Ck>mmi88ionen for, 49,
51, 64.
yictoiT or successes of, 142, 203,
ana see .4meixial, and Villa
Viciosa, battles of.
the fruit gained by, 141 (2).
want of horses in, 119.
war with Spain, passim.
and France, 131, ^.
and Holland or the Low Countries,
19, 20,, 52, 125.
Sir Richard Fanshaw sent to. See
Fanshaw.
Portugiiese or the Portuguese, casual
allusions, passim,
captain, gallantry of, 160.
character of, 18, 39, 40, 61, 64, 83,
96, 114, 1^.
crown or crusado, value of, 30, 34,
46, 53.
in Brazil. See Brazil,
in the West Indies. iS'ee West
Indies,
in the East Indies. iS^ee East
Indies,
language, letters, &c., written in,
16, 25-27, 29 (2), 34, 47 (2), 49,
63 (2), 68 (3), 72, 75, 85 (2), 86,
100 (2), 101, 106, 110, 113, 116
(2), 121, 129 (2), 141 (2). 181,
203, 204 (2).
sent away from England, 33.
ships, 182, 208.
Povey [Thomas], 196.
Powell, a prisoner at Havanna, 136.
Pratt, Captain, 246.
Price, John, 26, 141, 143, 178, 180, 222,
223.
Pride, Captain William, declaration by,
136.
Priests and Jesuits, proscription of, de-
manded by Parliament, 74.
Privy Council, 46, 48, 54, 57, 73, 83,
146, 212.
clerk of (Thomas Fanshaw),
257.
Privy Seals, aUuded to, 1, 2, 21, 53,
132.
Prize office and commissioners, 175.
Probe, , Esq., 145.
Proverb quoted, 112.
Puerto Rico, Porto Rico, or Porta Rica,
island of, West Indies, 117 (2), 134-
139.
castle, governor, inquisition, &c., in,
135-139.
Prince Maurice at. See Maurice,
bt. Jonn de, town of, 135.
Puntall (near Cadiz), ships at, 199.
Putney, letter dated at, 212.
Pyrenees, treaty of, 10.
Q
Quama, village of, island of St Ger-
mans, 138.
Querer pro solo querer, Spanish play
translated by Fanshaw, 11, 237.
R
Rainbow, Dr. Edward, made Bishop of
Carlisle, 148.
Rand:
Andrew, 34.
John, 34.
Ratisbon, 149.
Ravens, Edmond, 221.
Rawdon :
Sir Marmaduke, 67.
Col. Thomas, his son, 67.
Rear Admiral, 171.
Rebellion, the late, 219.
Requests, Master of, 9, 10, 78, 139,
^6, (md see Fanshaw, Sir Richard.
Reymes or Reames, Col. [Buller], 162,
164.
Rhotta or Rotta, fort of, 187, 221, 251.
Richaids, Mr., 186.
Richmond, Duke of (Charles Stuart),
172.
Rioles, the Spaniards march towards,
83.
Roach. See Roch.
Robinson:
Captain, 51.
Consul (at Lisbon), 66.
Roch or Roach, Captain, 116, 161.
Roche, John, an Insh gentleman, 26.
Rochelle, ships to or &om, 208, 209,
249.
Roco, Don Pedro de, Master of the
Ceremonies at the Spanish CJourt,
155.
Rodonde, near Evora, 98.
Rolls, Master of. See Grimston, Sir
Harbottle.
Roman Catholics, 78.
Rome, 37.
agent to, 83.
attack upon the French Ambassa-
dor in, 62.
Romsey, Major, 161.
Rosario, Frev Domingo del (O'Daly),
CJonfessor of the Queen Regent of Por-
tugal, and Bishop elect of Cimbra,
26, 33.
letter from, 24.
Roscarrock, CJol., 36, 51 (2).
Rotta. See Rhotta.
S
Digitized by
Google
290
Rotterdam, breaking of the dvkes at,
222.
Roubinet, Martin, 118.
Rouen, 179.
letter dated at, 179
Row, Thomas, declaration by, 136.
Rowe, Sir Thos., embassy of, to Ger-
many, 132.
Royal aid, money rait 1 on the security
of, 192.
Royal Company. See Guinea Company.
Royal Family, the, good health of, 160.
Rudyard, Captain, 156.
Rumbold, Henry, 32.
letter of, 71.
Rupert (Robert), Prince Palatine of the
Rhine, 79, 136, 168, 199, 201, 218,
219
letter to, 117.
fleet or squadron of, 136, 1^7, 138,
168, 195, 199.
brother of. See Maurice, Prince.
Russell, R., Bishop of Port Alegre, 20,
23, 47, 58, 69, 77.
letter of, 47.
letter to, 60.
Russia, Emperor of, 146.
ambassador to, 146.
Rutherford :
Andrew, Lord, and (in 1663), Earl
of Teviot, 130.
letters from, 90, 148.
letters to, 99, 121.
his wife, the Countess of
Teviot, 168.
his chaplain, at Dunkirk, 130.
kinsman of, 90, 95.
— — goes as governor to Tangier,
68, 59, 65, 80, 90, 95, 99.
at Tangier, 110, 111, 119,
120, 143, 151, 164.
death of, 152, 153, 156-158,
182 187
(Roterford) Sir Thomas, Lord, 229.
Ruyter (Rutter, Ruder), Adrian Michael
de, Dutch Admiral, and his fleet, 151,
155, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170, 173,
175, 178, 185, 187, 188, 198, 200,
204.
wife of, 200.
Ryder, , 257.
Ryves, Dr. Brune, Dean of Arches,
'letter of, 216.
son of, 216.
St. Ageo, West Indies, 137.
St. Albans, Earl of (Henry Jermyn),
Governor of Jersey, 227.
St. Andrews, hangman of, 151.
St. Antonio, fort of. See Evora.
St. Christophers, island of, 137, 138.
governor of, 135, 137.
St. George, the patron saint of Portu-
gal, 50.
St. George's Day, keeping of, 79, 80.
St. Germains :
the French Court at, 147.
letters dated at, 3, 62.
St. Germans, island of, West Indies,
137, 138.
bt. lago upon Cuba, capture of, by the
English, 34, 35.
castle, governor, &c., of, 35.
tSt. lago, Hispaniola, 138.
St. Julian, castle and irovemor of,
74.
St. Lucar, 143, 201, 235.
governor of, 143.
St. Malo's, 182, 251.
St. Mary Port. See Port St. Marv.
^St. Olalla, 239.
St. Peter's Island, West Indies, 136.
St. Roman, Marques de, viceroy nf
, Valencia, 162, 169, 232.
St. Sebastian. See San Sebastian.
St. UvaU, 38.
Sale of lands, bill appointing registrars
for, 148.
Salee, Sallee, or Sally, 32, 168, 202,
210.
the Saint Abdala of. See Abdala.
Salisbury, Bishop of [Dr. Henchman],
72.
Salisbury or Sarum, 215.
letter dated at, 205.
Salmon, Francisco, accountant of the
Spanish navy, 132.
Salt, ship laden with, 221.
Salvaterra de Magos, 141, 238.
letters dated at, 141, 233.
Salway, Major, 144.
Samana, West Indies, 118.
Sande, Marques de (Francisco de Melo,
Conde de Ponte), Portuguese Ambas-
sador in England, 16-18, 20, 21, 26,
34, 45, 46, 48, 53, 55-57, 60, 64, 69,
72, 76, 77, 80, 86-88, 91, 95, 98.
letters, &c., to, 27 (?), 34, 56, 62,
81.
memorial by, 80.
brother of, 34.
servants of, 25.
San Domingo or St. Dominique, island
of. See Hispaniola.
San or St. Domingo, town of, 117 (2),
137.
fort of St. Jeronymo at, 137.
Sandwich, Earl of (Edward Montague),
fambassador extraordinary to Portugal.
17, 21, 23, 25.
letters of, 22 (2).
as Master of the Wardrobe, war-
rants to, 133.
fleet of, 17, 165, 166.
rear-admiral of, 171.
retinue of, 244.
secretary of. See Creed, John,
father of, 255.
to command one squadron of the
fleet, 201.
Digitized by
Google
291
Sandwich, Earl ot—ccrU.
embassy of, to Madrid, 218, 219,
226, 227, 229-231, 236, 240-245,
249 253 254.
San Sebastian,' 3, 203, 233.
letters dated at, 224, 232.
English Consul at. See Morgan,
Valentine.
Santirena or Satirani, Conde de, 114.
Sardinia (Sardenia) galleys, 202.
viceroy of, 202.
Sarmento, Don Garcia, 108.
Saussay, Mons. de, 109.
Saxony, house of, 232.
Scanderoone, ships to, 165.
Scarborough, ships to, 191.
Schamps, Fedric de, letter from, 117.
Scheveningen (Sckeevling), 193.
bcnonberg (Schomberg, Chomberg),
Frederic Armand, Ck)mte de, 26, 41,
52, 58, 115, 116, 120, 122, 124, 142,
161, 178, 180, 233.
letters from, 82, 84, 97, 99, 106,
108, 113, 143, 179, 233.
letters to, 99, 105, 111, 126.
chaplain of, 130.
house of, at Lisbon, 40.
aeutenant of. See Plesse, Sieur
de la.
praise of, 64, 105, 106, 109, 110.
regiment of, 109 (2),"113.
horse, 122.
foot, 161.
trumpeter of, 109.
{.jkiainhardt], eldest son of, 114.
" winding discourses," of, 64.
appointed commander of the Eng-
lish troops, 64, 74, 76, 86, 97.
is a Protestant and speaks English,
76, 86.
is dissatisfied with the conduct of
the war, 97, 98, 106.
proceedings of, in the campaign,
101, 106-110, 119, 120.
Scotland, 127, 152, 176, 188, 192, 249.
Archbishop or Pnmate of. See
Sharp, James.
Archbishops of [St. Andrew's and
Glasgow], 144.
Charles IL.'s expedition to, 4.
Chancellor of, 144.
Council of, 144.
fines to be ^aid in, 145, 146.
High Commission Court established
in, 144, 146, 147, 151 (2).
ministers in, turned out for non-
conformity, lOi.
west of, suspected persons in, 191.
Scots, Irish, rismg of, 178.
in Spain, 248.
Scowen or Scawen, William, Judge of
the Admiralty in Cornwall, 205, 219.
letters from, 178, 202, 219.
family of, 205, 219.
kinsman of. *9e« Scowen, Juan.
or Scone, Don Juan, 179, 202, 205.
letter of, 219.
father of, 205.
kindred of, certificate by, 2"* 9.
Secretaries of Stote, 9, 48, 78, 89,
and see Nicholas, Sir Edward,
Morice, Sir William and Bennet,
Henry, Lord Arlington,
examination by, 175.
partition of provinces between the
two, 74.
Semple, a scrivener, 151.
Sentences or punishments, 145, 146,
171.
Serjeants-at-arms, 53, 147.
Serpa, near Evora, 109.
Setuval, intended march of Don Juan
to, 52.
Seven deadly tins, the, Spanish Coun-
sellors of State called, 232.
Sevila, Don Gasper de, 33.
Seville, 143, 190, 232, 245-247.
AssuterUe of, 232.
Consul of, 193.
Council at, 152.
gaol, English prisoners in, 152,
158 (2), 166.
judge conservador in, 186.
letters dated at, 143, 152, 158 (2),
166, 264.
Seymour (Seamor), Harry, 5 (2).
servant of, 5.
Sharp, James, Archbishop of St. An-
drew's, Primate of Scotland, 144, 151.
Sharpe, Captain, troop of, 122.
Shaw, Captain John, 209.
Sheldon :
Dr. Gilbert, Bishop of London, 72,
82.
letter* to, 81, 113.
intended promotion of, 113.
Mr., 191.
Sheppard, Captain, 221.
Sherrington, William, 238.
Shipman, Sir Abraham, 89, 90.
Ships, English, casual notices, 'passim,
and see Fleet, the
admitted to Flemish ports, 219.
at Tangier. See Tangier,
bill for securing of, against pirates,
151.
captain of a, killed by the Span-
iards, 254.
captains of, to observe the condi-
tions of the peace with Spain,
193.
commanden: of, letter to, 100.
engagement of, with Dutch vessels,
183, 188, 191.
French ships taken by, 198.
lent to the Duke of York, 123 (2).
lost, 171, 172, 179.
in the West Indies. See
Maurice, Prince, shipwreck of.
pratique demanded by and refused
to, in the Spanish ports, 158-161,
166, 169, 206, 209-211, 213, 214,
240, 241 (2), 248.
precautions to be taken by^ regard-
ing the plague, 110.
" private men-of-war," to be set
out against the Dutch, 183.
priae, 148, 151, 172, 174.
S2
Digitized by
Google
292
Ships, English — coni,
taken by the Dutch. See Dutch.
, list of, 220, 221.
taken by the French, 217.
value of, 145.
victuallers, taken, ki^O, 211, 221.
named ; —
jddvenluref 220.
Advice, 143, 217.
j±miral (French), 261.
Angel Gabriel (French), 221.
Ann, 183.
Anna, 252.
AiUelope, 143, 174, 241.
Assistance, 170.
Augustine, 123.
Benjamin, 221.
Bilbao Merchant, 217.
BUbeaud (French), 251.
Bonadventure, 174.
Bana Esperanza, 166.
Briar, 136.
Bristol, 165.
Bristol Merchant, 97.
Centurion, letter dated aboard, 34.
Cesar (French), 251.
Charles, 132, 224.
ColchesUr, 171.
Concord, 34, 145.
Concorde (French), 252.
Croissant (French), 251.
Crawn, 165, 185, 186, 188, 190,
195, 197, 199, 206.
captain of. ^ec Wager, Cap-
tain.
Dauphin (French), 252.
Deliverance, 221.
Diamond, 190.
Dove, 221.
Dragon (French), 252.
Dunkirk, 170.
Elbeuf (French), 252.
Elizabeth, 221.
Endeavour, *221.
Escureuil (French), 251.
Essex, 177.
EstoUle de Dianne (French), 252.
Fidelity, 210, 221.
Flambeau (French), 252.
Foresight, 185.
letter dated aboard, 183.
Fortune, 208.
Fran^oise (French), 252.
Good Hope, 179.
Great Charity, 123.
Greyhound, 32, 145.
GvMlaume (French), 252.
Hampshire, 246, 247, 249.
Hector, 34, 143.
letter dated aboard. 111.
Henry, 170.
Henry Boiiatenture, 166.
Hercide (French), 251.
Honest Seaman, 136.
Infante (French), 251.
John, 187, 221.
Jullue (French), 252.
King Solomon, 171.
Ligoumois (French), 252.
Ships, named — cont.
Lily, 221.
Irion, 244.
Lion d'Or (French), 262.
Lion Bouge (French), 262.
Little Leiois, 34.
Loyal Merchant, 221.
Margarita, See Santa Margarita.
Mary, formerly the Speaker, 192.
letter dated aboard, 237.
Mathias, 123, 164.
Merlin (Marling), 211 (3), 221.
Merm^iid, 32.
Nonsuch, loss of, 172.
Norwich, 32.
NoHre Dame (French), 252.
Palme. (French), 252.
Palmier (French), 252.
Pearl, 221.
Perle (French), 252.
I'hoenix, 110, 169.
loss of, 172.
Plymo^Uh, letters dated aboard,
165, 169, 172-174.
Portland, 40.
Princess, 20.
Puny, 220.
Reserve, 95, 99, 126.
letters elated aboard, 90 (2).
Resolution, letters dated aboard,
148, 154, 158, 160, 165, 166.
Beyne or Beyna (French), 249, 262.
Boi David (French), 252.
Rose, 221.
Royal Catherine [merchant], 63,
OH, Ojy,
Royal Catherine (ketch), 221.
Royal James, Earl of Sandwich's
admiral ship, 21, 170.
letters dated aboard, 22, 26.
Royal Sovereign, 201.
Royalle (French), 262.
Rvhy, 65.
Ste. Anne (French), 262.
St. Anthoine (French), 252.
St. Augustin (French), 251.
St. Charles (Spanish), letter dated
aboard, 211.
St. Cyprien (French), 261.
St. Joseph (French), 261 (2).
St. Lewis (Dutch), 194.
St. Louis (French), 251.
Salamander, 221.
Sampson, 34.
Santa Margarita (Spanish), 201,
209, 212, 232.
Sauveur (French), 252.
Soleil (French), 262.
Soleil d'Afrique (French), 262.
Speaker. See Mary.
Speedwell, 221.
Swallow, 244.
Thirese (French), 261.
Thomus, 221.
Tiger, 221.
Trois Roy (French), 251.
Turtugo, 136.
Unicorn, 55.
Vierge (French), 251.
Digitized by
Google
293
Ships, named — cant.
Ville de Rouen (French), 251.
Wattrhousef 254.
declaration by the crew of,
264.
WtsttrgaU, 72, 73 (2).
letter dated aboard, 74.
WiUiam, 221.
and John, 221.
and Mary, 221, 238.
Signet book extracts, 133
Signet Oftice, 132.
Silva, Duert«» [Kdward] da, 46, 47, 53,
69, 77, 80.
statement by, 30.
Sinous, Lieutenant, 223.
Small, Samuel, 238.
letter of, 238.
kinfnnan of, 238.
Smith:
Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, 215.
" Customer," daughter of, 257.
Admiral (Captain) Sir Jeremy, 110,
111, 192, 201. 243-246. 250, &3.
letters from, 237, 243.
letters to, 237, 240, 243, 244,
246, 248.
fleet of, 226, 229, 235, 237,
241, 243 (2), 245.
Smyrna factor, 165.
ships or fleet, 178, 179, 185, 186,
199, 210, 250, 251.
mariners of, 179.
Snowden, Captain William, 221.
Soldiers, uisabled, 206.
Sole Bay, 195.
Solicitor-Cieneral. See Finch, Sir
Somerset :
Duke of (Joim Seymour), letter
from, 257.
Duchess of, 145.
Soimd, the, 12.
Sousa, Antonio de. See Macedo.
Southampton, Earl of (Thomas Wrio-
thesley). Lord High Treasurer of
England, 34, 46, 53, 65, 68, 77, 80,
132, 133.
letter from, 134.
report by, 34.
Southerland, ^Jexander, 187.
letter of, x8/.
South river (North America), 149.
South Sea coast, claimed by the Dutch,
144.
Southward Cape, 197.
South wark, assizes at, 146.
Southwell, Sir Robert, envoy to Por-
tugal, 218, 226, 229, 236-240, 246,
- — letters of, 241, 254.
seivants of, 239.
Souvre or Soure, Juan da Costa, Condo
de, ambassador from Portugal to
France, 64.
Spain, King of :
John I., defeat of, 85.
Philip U., 38.
Philip IV., 1, 2, 36, 38-40, 43, 47,
Spain, Philip IV., King of— corU.
49, 52, 81, 88, 89, 138, 142, 148,
158, 166, 168, 174, 176, 183, 193,
207, 209, 211, 213, 2SS.
letters of, 130, 132.
letters of credence to, 29, 140.
chief minister of. See Haro, Don
Luis Mendez de.
conmianders of, 97, and see Juan,
Don.
knighthood desired from, 179, 202,
206.
memorial to, 193.
infirmity or illness of, 36, 78, 181,
185.
has written concerning Lord Wind-
sor's action in Cuua, 71.
movements of, 155, 182, 185, 190,
197.
death of, 205 (2), 209.
(false) report of, 129.
second wife of. See Spain, Queen
of.
son of. See Charles II., below,
illegitimate sons of, 205, and see
Juan, Don.
oanghter of. See Infanta, the.
below.
sister of. See France, Queen dow-
ager of.
Queen of [Marie Anne of Austria,
second wife of Philip IV.], 36-38,
166, 185 (2), 186, 220, 222, 229,
231, 234, 236, 239, 240, 242, 249,
253.
gives birth to a son, 22.
and Lord Sandwich's embassy, 225,
228, 229, 235.
confessor of [Eberhard von Neid-
hart], 232 (2), 234, 240.
brother of. See Emperor [Leo-
pold].
Infante or Prince of, death of, 22.
Infante Charles of, 36, 37, 185.
birth of, 22.
as King Charles II., 207, 216, 222,
224, 237, 241, 247 (2).
Infanta of, 37, 192.
as "the Empress," 185 (2), 186,
201, 247, 249.
marriage of, to the Emperor, 247.
Spain, passim.
Admirante General of, 195.
agent of, in England, 47, and see
Moledi, Don Patricio,
ambassadors of, 45, also; —
to England. See Molina,
Count,
to France. See Fuente, Mar-
ques de.
ambassadors or ministers to, 155,
170, 239, also;—
from England. See Fanshaw,
Sir Richard,
from France, 43, 242, afid see
Embrun, Archbishop of.
from Holland, 170.
ambassadors extraordinarv to. See
Cottington, Lord ; Hyde, Sir Ed-
ward.
Digitized by
Google
294
Spain — corU»
Sir John Digby's and Si{ Francis
Cottington's embassy to, 152.
animosity to the English in, 173,
and England, 13, 38, 47, 74, 81,
88, 182, 240.
and Gayland. See Gayland.
and Holland, o9, 161, 241.
and Portugal, passim.
and Tanker. See Tangier.
army, of, campaigns of, against
Portugal, 26, 60, 82-84, 98-107,
174, 182, 186, 186, 196.
c^ture and loss of Evora by.
See Evora
defeat of. See Ameixial and
Villa Viciosa, battles of.
commanders of, 36, 202, and
see Juan, Don ; Caracena, Mar-
quis of ; Castel-Rodrigo, Marquis
of ; Marcyn, Count.
losses of, 86, 100, 101, 104,
106, 108, lid.
nobles in, lose their baggage
and coaches, 104.
, officers in: —
Mestres de Campo, 106,
108, 176.
Lieut. -Colonel, 108.
Conmiissaries General,
108.
— other officers, 108.
Assienda of. President of, 236, 240.
bad laith of, 37, 119.
change of government in, 126, 209.
Commissioners from, 45.
Council or Council of State of, 160,
161, 191, 226, 236, 240, 264.
of war in, 236, 240.
Counsellors of State called the
seven deadly sins, 232.
or Madrid, Court of, 1-4, 17, 147.
148, 162, 164, 162, 168, 176, 182,
186, 198, 202, 210, 229, 234-236,
246.
ceremonie^i of, 166, 225, 239.
dilatoriness of, 169-161, 178.
master of the ceremonies at,
165, 239.
temper or views of, 50, 201,
202, 225-227, 229, 231, 239, 242.
Crown or kingdom of, 173, 176.
friendship of England to, 1,
147, 237.
title of the French King to,
41.
Dutch admiral entertained in, 162.
resident in, 162.
English Consuls in, 182, 204, and
see under the various ports.
deserters to, 42, 98.
factors or merchants in, 1,
181, 182, 201.
prisoners in, 163, 164, 166,
264, and see Seville.
subjects in, 181, 196, 248.
naturalized in, 187, and see
Scowan, Juan.
Spain — cont.
fall of money in, 168.
former rule of, over Portugal, 124,
125.
galleons of, 197.
garrison of, 163, 241.
general of the galleys in, 216.
grandees of, 175, 202, 236.
horses from, 168.
inclinations of the people of
Portugal towards, 18, 94, 124,
125.
judge conservadors for the English
in, 184, 186.
ministers of, views of, 180, 213,
244.
Navy of, accountant of, 132.
Duke of Aveiro is to com-
mand, 185.
negotiations with, by Cromwell,
39.
••range ships to, 222.
overtures from, 96, 128.
partiality to the Dutch in, 162,
189, 190, 213, 220, 247.
pirates and rovers of, 155.
precautions against the plague in,
199, 210, 213, 237.
recovery of Jamaica and Tangier
desired by, 243.
Secretaries of State in. See Oyan-
guren, Don Luis, and Loyala,
Don Blasco de.
chamberlain of, 159.
secretary of war, 3o.
stolen goods conveyed into, 206.
travellers to or from, 1, 3, 130.
132. 140, 176, 178, 236.
treaty of peace made by, with Eng-
land, 66, and see Fanshaw,
treaty concluded by.
with Queen Elizabeth, 43.
with France, 63, 202.
with Holland, 39.
(proposed) with Portugal,
passim.
unpreparedness of, for war, 239.
a viceroy of, 202.
war of, 4.
with France, expected, 252.
with Portugal, passim.
Spaniards or Castilians, 39, 97, 98,
170, 206, 209, 234, 236, 240, 241.
captured by tue Moors, 169, 207.
character or conduct of, 71, 130,
163, 195, 244, 254.
in the \y est Indies, 89, 117, 134-
159.
Spanish Armada or fleet, 59, 110, 241,
249, 25o, 254.
the great, alluded to, 45.
clime, business does not ripen as
fast as fruit in, 119.
ensign, 118.
language, Ittters, kc, written in,
16, 17 (3), 25-29, 31 (3), 32, 47,
56, 67, 62, 68, 73-75, 85 (2), 91,
101 (2), 111, 117, 122 (2). 126,
129, 130-152, 141, 142, 162 (2),
Digitized by
Google
295
Spanish language, letters, Ac., written
in — cont.
163, 159 (2), 165, 176 (2), 180,
190, 193 (2), 199, 203-205, 208,
209 (2), 215, 219, 222-224. 232
(2), 234, 236, 237, 243, 246-248,
253.
study or knowledge of, 140,
142.
letters, collection of, suggested, 11.
officials, unjust proceedings of, 155.
prisoners in Portugal, 114, and see
Liche, Marques de ; Guzman, Don
Anello de, and Alar^on, Fran-
cisco de.
list of, 123.
proverb, 197.
resident in England, 201.
ships, 135, 138.
rules for saluting, 202.
taken, 201, 207.
wine. 218.
Spragg, Captain, of the Portland, 40.
Stafford:
Captain John, 211, 221.
Philip, 241.
Stafforfe, Captain, 165.
Stainer or Stayner, Sir Richard, 25, 32.
Staines, William. 164.
Stansby, Captain, xol.
Stashous, Hollanders at, 137.
Steel§, Mrs., 191, 192.
Stephens, Major, 25.
Sterne, Dr. Richard, Bishop of Carlisle,
translated to York, 148.
Stirling, camp at, 6.
Stockholm, burgesses of, 166.
Lord Carlisle's audience at, 166.
Stone, Mr., portrait of the King by,
62.
Strafford, Earl of [Thomaa Wentworth],
as governor of Ireland, 1.
Straits, the, 176, 235.
ships in or r.ear, 165, 173, 195, 201,
241, 245, and see Cadiz, ships at.
fleet from, has arrived at Plymouth,
175.
Strange, Philip, letter from, 163.
Subsidy Bill, passed, 127.
Sugar, trade in, 19, 23.
Summers, Captain John, 221.
Surgeons and apothecaries, 150.
Sutton, Captain, 114.
troop of, 122.
Suzel, 107.
Sweden, King of, 22.
plenipotentiary from, to England,
See Friesendorff.
Sweden, money given to, by France,
125.
peace concluded with, 188.
T.
Taafe:
Col. Lucas, letter from, 173.
Taafe, Col. Lucas — cont.
pass for, 176.
regiment of, 173.
brother of, 1y3.
Nicholas, his nephew, 173.
Tafilet or Taffaletta, King of, 202 (2),
212.
Tagus, or river of Lisbon, 45, 62, 65,
74, 94.
Talavera de la Reyna, 239.
Talbot :
Captain, 174.
Sir Gilbert, master of the jewel-
house, warrant to, 133.
Tallerand de Perigord, Prince de. See
Chalais.
Tallidafe, Mr., a minister, 151.
Tangier (Tanger), 25, 38, 69, 65, 122,
151, 160, 163, 181 (2), 182 (2), 187,
190, 194-197, 200, 201, 210, 211. 213,
215, 227, 231, 249, 260.
bay, 206.
letter dated from, 22.
commerce of, with Spain, 168, 169,
172, 185, 199, 207, 210.
Commissioners at, 206. 245.
committee for (in England), 58.
president of. See York, Duke
of.
a corporation desired for, 164.
difficulties between the soldiers and
merchants at, 197.
English fleet going to. or at, 22,
154, 158, 169. 174 (2), 219.
engineer at, 130.
fortifications at. 111, 119, 153, 156,
157, 164, 167. 169, 172, 190, 210.
Fort Ann at, 157.
Fort Royal at, 166, 167.
:he French King has offered to buy,
178.
garrison of, 119, 124, 169, 186, 190,
194, 199.
defeat of. 162-154, lo6, 186.
in Lord Peterborough's
time, 186.
good condition of, 32. 37,
121, 153, 157, 158, 160, 162-164.
167, 178, 182, 184, 186, 190, 194,
196, 201, ?02 (2), 210, 212, 213,
241, 245, 250.
monev, provisions. &c., for,
111. 119-121, 164, 167, 183, 194,
206,207.
needed, 192, 207, 210.
211.
officers of, 156.
slain, 106.
poverty of, 167.
soldiers from, detained by
Gayland, 169, 172, 181.
skirmishes of, with the Moors,
159.
governors of. See Peterborough,
Earl of; Rutherford, Lord (after
Earl of Teviot), Belasyse, Lord.
pro tern. See Bridge, Sir
Tobias.
Digitized by
Google
296
Tangier, governor of — cont.
report that Lord Sandwich is
to be, 230.
houses at, 25, 50, 80, 90, 99, 164.
importance of, to England, 184,
197, 210. -
Irish party at, 197.
King's stores at, 157.
lazaretta at, 206.
letters dated at, 32, 148, 153, 156,
158, 159, 162 (2), 164 (2), 167,
168, 169, 171, 184, 186, 190, 192,
196, 201, 206, 209, 210, 212, 224,
245, 249, 250.
Lieutenant-governors of. See Fitz-
gerald and Norwood, CJolonels.
merchants of, 99, 158, 164, 168,
206.
mole or mould at, 58, 87, 119..
164, 172, 173, 184, 210, 224.
Moors near, 197, 213, and see Gay-
land.
new town building near, 163.
precautions against the plague at,
206, 210, 213.
reported sale of, 183, 184.
runaway soldiers from, 207.
ships to or from, 51, 59, llO,
124, 185, 186, 194, 232, 244, 250.
prize, 183, 214, 245.
victuaUers, 210, 211 (2),
221, 229.
Spanish designs against, 37, 59,
130, 198, 207, 209, 214, 243.
governor of, 36.
state-house needed at, 99.
unlucky day for, 156, 184, 186, 190.
Upper Castle at, 170.
Tarifa or TariflPe, governor of, 206,
210.
packet-boat to and from, 195.
Tarroro, Conde de, 36.
son of. See Meneses, Don
Luys de.
family of, 36.
Tencrife, 212.
consul and merchants at, 222.
Tera (Terra, Bera), the river, 83, 103,
11)7.
Terena, near Evora, 98, 121.
Teston, co. Kent, 258.
Tetuan or Tituan, in Morocco, 32, 151,
168, 202, 206, 207.
English captives in, 182, 207.
governor of, 25.
letter dated at, 207.
Teviot, Earl of. See Rutherford, Lord.
Texell, the river, 167, 179, 192, 193.
deputies sent to, 200.
Thames, the river, 145.
Bill for navigation of, 149.
Thomas, Mr., of Qray*s Inn, 257.
Thore, Conde de, 25'
Thurlow, John, 13.
Tiddiman, Captain and Rear-Admiral.
171.
Tituan. See Tetuan.
Toledo (Tolethy), 223. 224.
letter dated at, 223.
Torbay, Dutch ships seized in, 171.
Torres Vedras, Conde de. See Alar^n,
Francisco de.
Tortola (Tortolea), island of, 136.
deputy governor of, 137.
Tortuga, Turtugeo, or La Tortue, island
and governor of, 117, 136-138.
letter, &c. , dated at, 117, 136.
Toulon (Thollon), 32, 136, 217, 249.
Beaufort's fleet at, 241, 243, 245,
247.
Tower, the, officers of, 145.
plot to seize, 48.
prisoners in, 144, 145.
Trade, Committee for, 149, 150.
Tras los Montes, province of, 98.
Travers:
Captain, 126.
death of, 161.
wife of, 126.
Samuel, consul at Pontevedra,
letters of, 155, 241.
Trelawny :
Captain or Major, 55, 86, 90, 111,
112, 114, 161.
company or troop of, 98, 122.
brothers of, 90.
Sir John, Bart., signature of, 219.
Tremesen, Turkish tribute at, 185.
Trerise, Baron of. See Arundel,
Richard.
Trevor, Mark, 191,
Tring, co. Hertford, manor of, 256.
Tripoli, 169.
peace concluded with, 51.
Tromp, Trump or Van Tromp, Martin
Haspertzoon, Dutch Admiral, 151,
200.
fleet of, 165, 178.
Tronco, Christopher, declaration by,
254.
Trump. See Tromp.
Tubingen, professor at, 6.
Tunbridge, the King and Queen at, 80,
127.
Tunis, 169, 185.
captives in, 217.
King of. 217.
peace concluded with, 51.
Turenne, Marshal or Prince de, 41, 91,
109, 127.
letter to, 124.
Turkey Company, 150.
Turkey, convoys for, 169.
Turks, 197, 209, and see Moors.
of Algiers. See Algiers.
of Barbary, 206, 207.
Admiral's ship, 224.
[Christian] prisoners taken by, 63.
prizes taken by, 224, 231.
truce of, with the Emperor, 167.
Lord Belasyse dislikes to serve,
against Christians, 201, 206.
Turner:
Captain, 161.
* Sir Edward, sen., Speaker of the
House of Commons, 127.
letter from, 167.
Digitized by
Google
297
Turner— cofi*.
Sir Edward, junior, hi« son, 160
(2), 168.
John, deputy goyemor of the
Canary Company, ugnatore of,
212.
Twyann, Toyan, or Taiouan [FomuMa],
island of, 144.
Twynne, — (printer), exeention
of, 146, 146.
U.
Ulysses, the town of [Lisbon], 120.
Uniformity, Act of, 74, 80.
Utbert, Captain [Richard], 110, 178.
V.
Valador, Don Francisco, commissary
General, 108.
Valenca (Valensa), storm of, by the
English troops, 160.
Valencia, 260.
King's palace at, 162.
viceroy of. See St. Roman, Mar-
ques de.
Valencia de Alcantra, Spanish forces
at, 182.
Van Beuninghen, 174.
Vangoch, Dutch ambassador to Eng-
land, 151.
Van Tromp. See Tromp.
Vassall. John, Consul at Malaga, death
of, 190, 193.
Velosques, Captain John Fredensco,
154.
Venetians, the, 232.
Venice, ambassador from, to Spain, 170.
Venta del Duque or Vinda de Duque,
103.
Vematti, Filibert or Philibert, 190,
216.
letters from, 188, 214.
Vic, Sir Harry de, 216.
Victoria or Vittoria, 195.
secretary- of the Franciscan Order
at, 195.
Vienna, the Empress's journey to, 247.
Viffo, prize taken into, 238.
Villa Flor, Conde de (Don Sancho
Manoel), commander in chief of the
Portuguese army, 84, 98, 122.
accused of inactivity and in-
capacity, 98, 107, 109, 114.
Villa Umbrosa (Vilinbrose, Villin Bros-
sey), Conde de. President- of the
Assienda, 236, 240.
Villa Viciosa, birthplace of Queen
Catherine, 83, 197.
Portuguese victory at,
197.
Vincennes, letter dated at, 63.
Vinda de Duque. Set, Venta del Duque.
Virginia, governor of. See Berkeley,
Sir William.
— — plantation of, 6.
M.
Virgin Islands, West Indies, 134, 137.
Vologda, in Russia, 146.
Vurburch, Juan Gidienson, commander
of the Dutch fleet at Cadiz, 207 (2).
letters from and to, 208.
Vyner, Sir Thomas, 30.
W.
Wager or Wacger, Captain [Charles],
commander of the Crown frigate, 186,
188-190, 195, 199. » ' '
Wakering, Mr., 256.
Wah)oole, Edward, order signed by,
Walsingham [Sir Francis], embassy of
to France, 46.
War, Council of, 74.
on shipboard, 174.
Wardrobe, master of. See Sandwich.
Earl of.
Ware Church, co. Hertford, vault of
the Fanshaw family in, 257.
Park, CO. Hertford, 267, 258.
Wares, bay of. ^ee Oieras, bay of.
Warren, Nicholas, signature of, 212.
Warwick, Sir Philip, 72, 187, 194, 218.
letters of, 46, 77.
letters to, 53, 68.
wife of, 46, 54, 218.
brother-in-law of. See Fanshaw,
Sir Richard.
Watts, John, receiver for co. Hertford,
receipt hj^ 256.
Webber, Walter, 221.
Webster, Mr., 5.
Weckerlin (Wakerly), Latin secretary,
Westcombe :
John, letter from, 198.
Martin, consul at Cadiz, 160, 163,
187, 209, 210, 220.
letters from, 173, 177, 179,
181, 182, 186, 189 (2), 193, 196,
197, 199, 207-209, 211 (2), 214,
215, 219, 220, 241, 244-248, 250-
263.
letters to, 148, 181, 183-186,
190, 192, 195, 196, 198, 199, 201,
204, 205, 206, 207, 211, 212 (2),
213, 220, 243, 245, 249.
house of, 143, 197, 248, 250.
imprisonment of, 189 (3), 190,
192, 193 (2), 244, 246, 247, 248
(2), 250 (3), 253.
notes or endorsements by,
169, 162, 164.
slave of, 260.
wife of, 291.
family of, 187.
West India Company, 82.
ships, 192.
West Indies, the, 19, 39, 134-139. 177,
222.
Cromwell's fleet in, 254.
depositions taken in, 117, 134-136.
T
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Wert Indies, the— cont.
priests in, 118.
trade with, 19, 23, 24, 88.
Westminster, 78.
Dean of. See Earle, Dr.
Uatehouse at, prisoners in, 146,
146.
Westmoreland, justices of, 146.
Wetmore. Major, killed, 161.
Wharton, Comet, 105.
Whichwood Forest, lodge in, 217.
Whitby, fired on by the Dutch, 191,
White, William, 221.
Whitehall, 41, 49, 78, 131, 240.
banqueting hall at, 152.
letters dated at, 18, 48, 66, 78-80,
83, 86, 87, 166, 175, 181, 191,
194.
plot to attack, 48.
Whitehead, Thomas, signatures of, 136
(3).
Whitney, Edward, 6.
Wight, Isle of, 134, 170.
WiBord, Mr., 192.
Williamson :
Joseph, secretary to Nicholas and
to Arlington, 66, 132, 192, 218.
letters from, 88, 160, 174,
191, 194.
news letters sent by. See
News letters.
house of, 130.
Stenhen, 221.
Willis, Sir Richard, treachery of, 13 (3).
Wibnot, John, 165.
Wilson, James, merchant at Tangier!,
152, 168, 207.
Wimbledon Church, constable and
churchwardens of, 144-146.
minister of. ^ee Luckin,
Thos.
Winchester, Bishop of. ^ee Morley,
Gteorge.
Windsor, Thomas Hickman, Lord, 71.
letter to, 34.
Windsor, 80, 216.
Castle, 48, 146.
St. George's Hall at, 216.
prebendary of, 72.
Wines. French. 2i5l.
sherry, 221.
ships laden with, 171, 207, 206,
221, 249, 261.
Wintour, Sir John, order signed by,
266.
Wirtemberg, Duke of, 6.
his country, 6.
Witt, John de, Grand Pensionary of
Holland, 19, 200.
Wood, James, a minister of St. An-
drew's, 151.
Woodward, Giles, English consul at
MaUga, 190, 193, 1%, 213, 248.
letters of, 211, 213, 216.
Wotton, Sir Henry, 132.
Wren, Mr., 218.
Wright, Sir Benjamin, 146, 196, 198,
232, 264.
Wyche or Welch, Sir Peter, 61, 67.
Xeres de la Frontera, 98, 168, 215.
letters dated at, 162 (2), 164, 168,
172, 173, 216.
Ximenes, Ferdinand, auditor-general of
the Duke of Medina Geli. &1.
Y.
Yarmouth, 190, 191.
roads, ships in, 191.
ships of, 166, 170, 221.
North, ship of, 221.
Yerbury, Sir Thomas, marriage of, 144.
York, Archbishop of. See Sterne, Dr.
Richard.
York, James, Duke of. Lord Admiral,
20, 30, 61, 65, 87, 123, 161, 162, 166,
168, 181, 216, 230.
letters from, 5, 78, 79, 87.
letters to, 46, 129.
as president of the committee for
Tangiers, 68.
the Earl of Chesterfield's jealousy
of, 65.
proposed trading venture by, 79,
82, 87 (2), 123 (3).
has "no superfluity," 87.
animositnr of. agamst the Earl of
Bristol, 127.
as conmiander of the fleet, 168,
171, 172, 179, 186, 188, 196. 199.
is to stay at home, 201.
godmother of. See Elisabeth,
Queen of Bohemia,
secretary of. See Coventry, Wil-
liam.
York, Duchees of, entertainment givMH
by. 144.
is godmother to Lord Elgin's child,
146.
maids of honour to, 144, 172.
York, city of, sequestrator of, 146.
Yorkshire, 72.
conspiracy in, 144-146.
z.
Zbarro, Don Diego de, gorenior of
Cadis, 196.
Zealand, province of, 149, 161, 167,
176, 19^ 198, 200.
states of, 161.
Zeilam. Set Ceylon.
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