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OVERNMENT  DOCUMENT 
COLLECTION 

FEB  4    1986 

University  of  Massachusett 
Depository  Copy 


TW^ 


MASSACHUSETTS 

DIVISION  OF  MARINE  FISHERIES 


1984 
Massachusetts 
Lobster  Fishery 
Statistics 


by 

Gerald  M.  Nash,  Statistician 


Department  of  Fisheries,  Wildlife  and  Recreational  Vehicles 

Division  of  Marine  Fisheries 


Technical  Series  19 


A  contribution  of 

Commercial  Fisheries  Research  and  Development  Act 

(P.L.  88-309)  Project  3-37 1 -D 


Approved  by  Daniel  Carter,  State  Purchasing  Agent 
Publ  ication  No. :  m,  181-22-300-9-85-CR 


INTRODUCTION 

The  commercial  lobster  fishery  of  Massachusetts  is  the 
most  economically  Important  fishery  conducted  within  the 
territorial  waters  of  the  Commonwealth.  The  overall  economic 
importance  of  the  fishery  both  in  New  England  and.  In  recent 
years,  the  Mid-Atlantic  states,  has  focused  the  attention  of 
Federal,  Regional  and  State  fishery  managers  on  this  species. 
Initially,  in  an  attempt  to  standardize  management  of  the 
fishery,  the  Federal  and  State  Governments  developed  an 
overall  lobster  fishery  management  plan  under  the  auspices  of 
the  State-Federal  Partnership  Program.  However,  with  the 
passage  of  the  Fisheries  Management  and  Conservation  Act,  the 
New  England  Fisheries  Management  Council,  In  cooperation  with 
the  Mid-Atlantic  Council  have  developed  a  management  plan  for 
the  entire  east  coast  lobster  fishery.  The  plan  has  nam  been 
adopted.  The  basis  of  any  such  plan  and  for  monitoring  the 
success  of  the  plan  is  an  accurate  statistical  data  base.  The 
Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  with  joint  funding  from  the 
National  Marine  Fisheries  Service,  has  been  collecting  annual 
reports  from  licensed  lobster  fishermen  for  many  years. 
Historically,  the  data  collected  was  used  primarily  for 
descriptive  and  informational  purposes,  and  occasior^l ly  for 
management.  However,  with  the  recent  emphasis  on  Federal 
management,  this  data  takes  on  added  Importance  in  terms  of 
providing  the  respect ive  management  agencies  with  adequate 
information  to  ensure  that  the  interests  of  Massachusetts' 
lobstermen  are  protected. 

During  the  period  1975  -  1980  the  number  of  coastal 
commercial  lobster  permits  was  limited,  by  law,  to  1300,  with 
an  additional  10%  issued  to  proven  hardship  cases.  In  1981,  a 
statutory  change  provided  for  the  establishment  of  a  permanent 
waiting  list  from  which  100  new  permits  were  issued,  and  20 
special  additional  permits  which  were  awarded  to  full  time 
commercial  fishermen  who  met  certain  criteria.  In  subsequent 
years  80  list  permits  and  20  special  additional  permits  have 
t)een  Issued.  Permits  which  are  not  renewed  are  retired. 

This  report  is  the  eighteenth  annual  publication  of  data 
summarized  from  catch  reports  submitted  by  licensed  lobster 
fishermen.  Data  was  presented  in  a  standardized  format 
through  1979.  For  the  1980  report,  data  presentation  was 
changed  to  reflect  a  more  thorough  collection  and  evaluation 
of  the  data.  The  new  presentation  format  is  continued  in  this 
report.  It  is  anticipated  that  this  format  will  continue 
until  such  time  as  the  Division  implements  computer  processing 
of  the  data. 

This  report  has  been  prepared  by  personnel  from  the 
Division  of  Marine  Fisheries  Commercial  Fisheries  Statistics 
Project,  funded  jointly  by  the  Commonwealth  and  the  National 
Marine  Fisheries  Service  under  the  Commercial  Fisheries 
Research  and  Development  Act  (Public  Law  88-309).  The 
preparation  of  this  report  would  not  have  been  possible  without 


-2- 


the  cooperation  of  the  licensed  lobstermen  who  provided  the 
data  on  their  annual  reports.  Special  thanks  also  go  to  Mary 
Ann  Gachignard  for  her  assistance  in  preliminary  processing  of 
the  catch  reports  vi^en  they  are  received  from  the  fishermen. 

SOURCE  OF  DATA 

No  person  may  fish  for  or  take  lobsters  in  coastal  waters 
or  land  lobsters  in  the  Commonwealth  without  a  permit  issued 
by  the  Director  of  the  Division  of  Marine  Fisheries  (Chapter 
130,  Mass.  G.L.,  Section  38).  Chapter  130,  Mass.  G.L., 
Section  23,  requires  any  person  so  licensed  to  file  an  annual 
report  of  their  catch  by  January  31  for  the  preceding  calendar 
year.  In  1980,  a  dual  reporting  system  was  established. 
Commercial  lobstermen  (coastal,  offshore  and  seasonal) 
received  a  detailed  catch  report  form  with  their  license 
renewal  application.  This  report  requests  the  following 
information:  method  of  fishing;  number  and  type  of  gear 
used;  effort  data  (set-over  day,  average  number  of  trips  per 
month,  etc.);  pounds  of  lobster  taken;  areas  fished; 
principal  ports  of  landing;  arxj  information  relative  to  the 
vessels  used  in  the  fishery.  Recreational  fishermen  are  asked 
to  report  only  the  number  of  lobsters  taken  the  previous  year 
on  their  license  rertewal  application  form. 

Project  personnel  sort,  edit,  tabulate  and  Interpret  data 
from  all  reports  received.  Data  presented  in  this  booklet  are 
based  on  catch  reports  actually  received  and  are  not  expanded 
to  100  percent  levels. 

E)(PLANATION  OF  TABLES 

All  data  presented  in  this  booklet  are  broken  down  into 
two  basic  categories:  the  first  is  "inshore"  which  represents 
all  data  pertaining  to  all  lobster  activity  taking  place 
within  69  degrees  It^t  Longitude  and  41  degrees  North 
Latitude;  the  "offshore"  category  refers  to  all  data  outside 
of  the  given  coordinates. 

Tables  presenting  number  of  fishermen  by  license  type, 
number  of  pots  fished,  number  and  value  of  boats  used  in  the 
fishery  and  total  landings  statewide,  by  county  and  for  each 
city  and  town  were  prepared  using  the  catch  reports  submitted 
by  all  commercial  fishermen.  In  keeping  with  Division  policy, 
some  of  the  data  is  masked  or  combined  to  protect  the 
confidentiality  of  the  individual  sut^mitting  the  report.  Data 
referring  to  the  number  of  fishermen,  number  and  value  of 
gear,  and  number  and  value  of  boats  are  presented  by  the  home 
port  of  the  licensee  filing  the  report.  Pounds  of  lobsters 
harvested  are  presented  by  the  port  of  landing  reported  by  the 
f  ishermen. 

Due  to  limited  data  storage  capacity  of  the  programmable 
calculator  used  to  calculate  percent  of  catch  by  area  and 
month  fished  and  catch  per  unit  of  effort,  only  those  reports 
submitted  by  holders  of  commercial  coastal  licenses  could  be 
tabulated. 


-3- 


Where  tabular  materials  refers  to  county,  the  reader  is 
referred  to  Figure  I.  Fishing  areas  are  delineated  in  Figure 
2. 

Vessel  and  SCUBA  gear  values  were  calculated  on  the  basis 

of  the  fishermen's  estimate  of  its  present  value  and  the 

percentage  of  its  use  specifically  for  lobster ing.  Average 

values  were  used  when  the  information  was  omitted  from  an 
individual  report. 

When  fishermen  reported  the  number  of  lobsters  taken, 
rather  than  pour^dage,  a  conversion  factor  of  1.18  pounds  per 
lobster  was  used  to  calculate  poundage  figures.  This  factor 
is  based  on  historical  data. 


1984  HIGHLIGHTS 

1.  There  were  13,752  lobster  licenses  of  all  types 
issued  during  1984:  1,679  coastal  commercial;  227  seasonal 
commercial;  888  offshore  and  1 1 ,518  non-commercial . 

2.  A  total  of  3,544  licensed  lobstermen  (26  percent) 
failed  to  file  a  catch  report  with  the  Division.  Of  the 
10,208  fishermen  reporting,  2,074  (20  percent)  reported  that 
they  did  not  fish  for  lobsters  during  1984. 

3.  A  total  of  12,604,065  pounds  of  lobsters  were 
reported  landed.  Of  these,  recreational  fishermen  reported 
taking  344,754  pounds,  vi^i  le  commercial  fishermen  reported 
taking  12,259,311  pounds.  Based  on  a  value  of  $2.61  per 
poundl,  the  commercial  catch  was  valued  at  $31,996,802. 

4.  (Commercial  fishermen  comprised  23  percent  of  the 
total  number  of  fishermen  reporting  and  landed  97  percent  of 
the  total  catch. 

5.  Non-commercial  SCUBA  divers  represented  19  percent  of 
the  fishermen  reporting,  but  landed  only  0.5  percent  of  the 
total  poundage. 

6.  In  total  pounds  of  lobsters  landed  Essex  County 
ranked  first,  Plymouth  County  second  and  Barnstable  County 
third. 

7.  In  total  numbers  of  commercial  fishermen,  Essex 
(County  ranked  first  with  657,  Plymouth  County  second  with  430, 
and  Barnstable  County  third  with  177. 

8.  In  the  commercial  fishery,  pots  were  valued  at 
$I2,569,8302,  diving  gear  at  $33,964,  and  power  and  non-power 


-4- 


boats  at  $35,480,274,  yielding  a  total  gear  value  of 
$48,084,068.  Combined  with  the  value  of  lobsters  sold, 
$31,996,802,  gives  a  total  fishery  value  of  $80,080,870. 

9.  Of  the  12,259,311  pounds  of  lobsters  landed 
commercially,  10,088,499  were  reported  taken  inside  of  69 
degrees  lA/est  and  41  degrees  North,  and  of  that  number, 
8,019,727  pounds  were  estimated  to  have  been  taken  within  the 
territorial  waters  of  the  Commonwealth. 

10.  More  lobsters  were  landed  in  Boston,  1,137,676 
pounds,  than  in  any  other  Massachusetts  port.  Gloucester 
ranked  second  with  911,010  pounds  followed  by  Westport  with 
855,183. 

11.  Landings  by  coastal  commercial  iobstermen  rose 
steadily  in  the  spring,  peaked  in  August  and  then  declined. 
The  least  amount  of  lobsters  were  landed  in  February  and 
March. 

12.  According  to  coastal  fishermen,  the  greatest  nuir^er 
of  lobsters  taken  inside  69  degrees  West  and  41  degrees  North 
were  from  Boston  Hartx)r  (Area  4)  followed  by 
Beverly — Salem — Marblehead  (Area  3)  and  Scituate — Marshfield 
(Area  5). 

13.  The  average  catch  per  trap  haul  for  coastal 
fishermen  was  0.505  pounds.  For  traps  fished  for  one  set-over 
day  the  average  was  0.402;  for  those  fished  two  days  0.497; 
and  for  three  or  more  set-over  days  0.543. 


Ex-vessel  price  determined  by  weighted  averages  of  prices  listed  in 
the  National  Marine  Fisheries  Service  "Blue  Sheet". 

^ Based  on  an  average  value  of  $32.50  per  pot,  including  warp  and 
buoys. 


-5- 


Table  I.   Reporting  Status  of  1984  Lobster  Licensees 


Licenses  Issued 

Coastal  Commercial  ($200)  1,679 

Seasonal  Commercial  ($50)  227 

Offshore          ($200)  688 

Non-commercia I      ($30)  I  I  J  58 

Total  13,752 


Reporting  Status 


Not 

Reported 

Reported 

Type 

Report i  ng 

"Not  Fishing" 

"Fishing" 

Coa  s  ta 1  Comme  re  i  a  1 

30  (2%) 

296  (1855) 

1,353  (80:^) 

Seasonal  Commercial 

92  (4155) 

19   (8^) 

116  ( 5  1  fo ) 

Offshore 

159  (25%) 

355  (52fo) 

174  (2555) 

Non-commercia 1 

3,263  (29fo) 

1,404  (l3fo) 

6,491  (5855) 

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-17- 


Table  13.   Pounds  of  lobsters 
by  city  or  town  of 

City /Town 


landed  by  commercial  fishermen  (except  seasonal) 
landing  in  1984. 


Inside  69°W  4  I °N 


Outside  6I°W  4I°N 


Tota 


Barnstable 

Beverl y 

Boston 

Bourne 

Chatham 

Chi Imark 

Cohasset 

Danvers 

Dartmouth 

Denn  i  s — Ya rmouth 

Duxbury 

Eastham 

Essex 

Fairhaven 

Fa  Imouth 

Gloucester 

Gosnol d 

Harwich 

HI ngham 

Hul  I 

I psw  ich 

Ki  ngston 

Lynn 

Manchester 

Marb lehead 

Marion 

Marshf  ield 

Mattapoi  sett 

Nahant 

Nantucket 

New  Bedford 

Newburyport — Newbury — Row  I ey 

Orl eans 

Plymouth 

Prov  i  ncetown 

Qu  i  ncy 

Revere 

Rock port 

Sa  I  em 

Sa I i  sbury 

Sandwich 

Saugus 

Scituate 

Swampscott 

Tisbury — Oak  Bluffs 

Wareham 

Wei  I f leet — Truro 

Westport 

Weymouth 

Wi  nthrop 

Out-of-state 


75 

595 

,039 

43 

128 

88 

458 

53 

14 

40 

39 

13 

31 

91 

31 

854 

13 

180 

287 

148 

52 

19 

196 

244 

552 

4 

518 

44 

305 

28 

126 

56 

55 

646 

104 

34 

93 

341 

69 

3 

198 

646 

385 

477 

18 

20 

12 

303 

I  17 

144 

9 


630 

462 

570 

504 

194 

198 

242 

840 

496 

675 

893 

895 

100 

929 

864 

166 

061 

959 

676 

936 

404 

984 

638 

786 

559 

302 

583 

964 

466 

780 

396 

707 

633 

991 

715 

367 

310 

995 

419 

126 

793 

090 

967 

400 

037 

499 

727 

167 

421 

503 

197 


312,575 

388 

,205 

595 

,462 

98 , 1 06 

1,137 

,676 

43 

,504 

2,943 

131 

J  37 

18,954 

107 

J  52 

2,569 

460 

,81  1 

1,690 

55 

,530 

14 

,496 

40 

,675 

39 

,893 

13 

,895 

3! 

,100 

233,800 

325 

,729 

466 

32 

,330 

56,844 

9!  1 

,010 

13 

,061 

29,85! 

210, 

,810 

287 

,676 

148 

,936 

52 

,404 

19; 

,984 

5,032 

201; 

,670 

244; 

,786 

371 

552; 

,930 

4; 

,302 

518; 

583 

2,033 

46; 

,997 

5,178 

310; 

,644 

13,709 

42; 

,489 

136,271 

262; 

,667 

56; 

,707 

55; 

633 

144,680 

791; 

,671 

3,717 

108, 

432 

34; 

367 

93; 

310 

661 

342; 

656 

69; 

419 

3, 

126 

212,966 

41  1  ; 

759 

6,901 

652; 

991 

724 

386; 

691 

477, 

400 

3,510 

21, 

547 

20. 

499 

12; 

727 

552,016 

855; 

183 

1  17, 

421 

144, 

503 

325,245 

334, 

442 

-18- 


Table  14.   Massachusetts  commercial  lobster  landings  inside  69°W  and  4 1 °N 
by  month  and  area  as  reported  by  coastal  commercial  fishermen 
in  1984. 


Month 

Percent 

January 

0.5 

February 

0.2 

March 

0.2 

Apri  1 

0.9 

May 

3.4 

June 

5.9 

July 

12.5 

August 

22.9 

September 

19.1 

October 

18.9 

November 

1  M 

December 

4.4 

Area 

Percent 

I 

1  .5 

2 

1  1  .4 

3 

17.9 

4 

27.4 

5 

12.1 

6 

6.7 

7 

1  .8 

8 

6.9 

9 

0.9 

10 

3.8 

1  1 

3.5 

12 

6.0 

100.0  99.9^ 


^Tota I  does  not  equal  100  percent  due  to  rounding 
of  numbers. 


-19- 


COASTAL  MAP  of  MASSACHUSETTS 
SHOWING  STATISTICAL   REPORTING  AREAS   (Counties) 

I.Essex  S.Norfolk  S.Bristol  T.Dukes 

2.  Suffolk  4.  Plymouth  6.  Barnstable        8.  Nantucket 


Figure   1 


-20- 


LOBSTERiNG  AREAS 


Between 
Areas 


BOUNDARIES 


Gsstle  Neck,  Ipswich 

Goldsmith  Point,  AAonchester 

Red  Rock,  Lynn 

Tobias  Ledge  (Spindle),  Scituote 

High  Pines  Ledge,  Plymouth 

Scussett  Beach,  Sandwich 

Griffin  Island,  Wellfleet 

Harwich/QKJtham  Line 

Woquoit   Bay,    Falmouth   -   Cape    Poge, 
A^V.  •  Muskeget  island 

Mass./^.I.  Line  -  Gay  Head 

Note:  The  seaward  boundary  of 
Areas  1  through  7  is  the  20 
Fathom  line. 


13 


Figure  2,     Location  and  description  of  coastal  lobster  fishing 
areas  in  Massachusetts.