MASSACHUSETTS
DIVISION OF MARINE FISHERIES
1985
IVlassachusetts
Lobster Fishery
Statistics
by
Thomas B. Hoopes, Statistician
Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement
Division of Marine Fisheries
Technical Series 20
A contribution of
Conner ical Fisheries Research ans Development
(P.L. 88-309) Proiect 3-371-D
Publ icat ion#14530-21-310-8-12-86-C.R.
Approved bv State Purchasing Agent
irfmoDucTioN
The commercial lobster fishery of Massachusetts is the
most economically importar>t fishery conducted within the
territorial waters of the Commonwealth. The overall economic
importance of the fishery both in New England and, in recent
years, the Mid-Atlantic states, has focused the attention of
Federal, Regional and State fishery managers on this species.
Initially, in an attempt to standardize management of the
fishery, the Federal and State Governments developed an
overall lobster fishery management plan under the auspices of
the State-Federal Partnership Program. However, with the
passage of the Fisheries Management and Conservation Act, the
New England Fisheries Management Council, in cooperation with
the Mid-At lant ic Council, has developed and implemented a
management plan for the entire east coast lobster fishery.
The basis and success of any such plan is an accurate
statistical data base. The Commonweal th of Massachusetts,
with joint funding from the National Marine Fisheries Service,
has been collecting annual reports from licensed lobster
fishermen for many years. Historically, the data collected
was used primarily for descriptive and informational purposes,
and occasionally for management. However, with the recent
emphasis on Federal mar^gement, this data takes on added
importance in terms of providing the respective management
agencies with adequate information to ensure tfiat the
Interests of Massachusetts' lobstermen are protected.
During the period 1975 - 1980, the number of coastal
commercial lobster permits was limited, by law, to 1300, with
an additional 10 percent issued to proven hardship cases. In
1981, a statutory change provided for the establishment of a
permanent waiting list from which 100 new permits were issued.
In addition, 30 special additional permits were awarded to
full time commercial fishermen who met certain criteria. In
subsequent years 80 list permits and 20 special additional
permits have been issued. Permits which are not renewed are
retired.
This report is the nineteenth annual publication of data
summarized from catch reports submitted by licensed lobster
fishermen. Data was presented in a standardized format
through 1979. For the 1980 report, data presentation was
changed to reflect a more thorough collection and evaluation
of the data. The new presentation format is continued in this
report. It is anticipated that this format will continue
until such time as the Division implements computer processing
of the data.
-2-
This report has been prepared by personnel from the
Division of Mar me Fisher les Commercial Fisheries Statistics
Project, funded jointly by the Commonwealth and the National
Marine Fisheries Service under the Commercial Fisheries
Research and Development Act (Public Law 88-309). The
preparation of this report would not have been possible without
the cooperation of the licensed lobstermen who provided the
data on their annual reports. Special thanks also go to
Constance Lytle for her help with preparation of the text.
SOURCE OF DATA
No person may fish for or take lobsters in coastal waters
or land lobsters in the Commonwealth without a permit issued
by the Director of the Division of Marine Fisheries (Chapter
130, Mass. G.L., Section 38). Chapter 130, Mass. G.L.,
Section 23, requires any person so licensed to file an annual
report of their catch by January 31 for the preceding calendar
year. In 1980, a dual reporting system was established.
(Commercial lobstermen (coastal, offshore and seasonal)
received a detailed catch report form with their license
renewal application. This report requests the following
information: method of fishing; number and type of gear
used; effort data (set-over day, average number of trips per
month, etc.); pounds of lobster taken; areas fished;
principal ports of landing; and information relative to the
vessels used in the fishery. Recreat ior^al fishermen are asked
to report only the number of lobsters taken the previous year
on their I i cense. renewal application form.
Project personnel sort, edit, tabulate and interpret data
from all reports received. Data presented in this booklet are
based on catch reports actually received and are not expanded
to 100 percent levels.
EXPLANATION OF TABLES
All data presented in this booklet are broken down into
two basic categories: the first is "inshore" which represents
all data pertaining to all lobster activity taking place
within 69 degrees West Longitude and 41 degrees North
Latitude; the "offshore" category refers to all data outside
of the given coordinates.
-3-
Tables presenting number of fishermen by license type,
number of pots fished, number and value of boats used in the
fishery and total landings statewide, by county and for each
city and town were prepared using the catch reports submitted
by all commercial fishermen. In keeping with Division policy,
some of the data is masked or combined to protect the
confidentiality of the individual submitting the report. Data
referring to the number of fishermen, number and value of
gear, and number and value of boats are presented by the home
port of the licensee filing the report. Pounds of lobsters
harvested are presented by the port of landing reported by -the
f ishermen.
Where tabular materials refers to county, the reader is
referred to Figure 3. Fishing areas are del ineated in Figure
2.
Vessel artd SCUBA gear values were calculated on the basts
of the fishermen's estimate of its present value and the
percentage of its use specifically for lobstering. Average
values were used when the information was omitted from an
individual report.
When fishermen reported the number of lobsters taken,
rather than poundage, a conversion factor of 1.18 pounds per
lobster was used to calculate poundage figures. This factor
is based on historical data.
1985 HiGH.IGHTS
1. There were 13,982 lobster licenses of all types
issued during 1985: 1,744 coastal commercial; 188 seasonal
commercial; 673 offshore and 11,377 non-commercial. See
Table 1.
2. A total of 3,704 licensed lobstermen ( 26 percent)
failed to file a catch report with the Division. Of the
10,278 fishermen reporting, 1951 (19 percent) reported that
they did not fish for lobsters during 1985.
3. A total of 14,560,107 pounds of lobsters were
reported landed. Of these, recreational fishermen reported
taking 357,024 pounds, whi le commercial fishermen reported
taking 14,203,083 pounds. Based on a value of $2.47 per
pound^, the commercial catch was valued at $35,081,615.
-4-
4. Commercial fishermen comprised 23 percent of the
total number of fishermen reporting and landed 98 percent of
the total catch.
5. Non-commercial SCUBA divers represented 23 percent of
the fishermen reporting, but landed only 0.4 percent of the
total poundage.
6. In total pounds of lobsters landed Essex County
ranked first, Plymouth County second and Suffolk County third.
7. In total numbers of commercial fishermen, Essex
County ranked first with 675, Plymouth County second with 413,
and Barnstable County third with 179.
8. In the commercial fishery, pots were valued at
$13, 151,515^, diving gear at $91,088, and power and non-power
boats at $39,955,482, yielding a total gear value of
$53,198,085. Combined with the value of lobsters sold,
$35,081,815, gives a total fishery value of $88,279,700.
9. Of the 14,203,803 pounds of lobsters landed
commercially, 12,399,744 were reported taken inside of 89
degrees l/i/est and 41 degrees htorth, and of that number,
10.303,792 pounds were estimated to have been taken within the
territorial waters of the Commonwealth.
10. More lobsters were landed in Boston, 1,454,523
pounds, than in any other Massachusetts port. Gloucester
ranked second with 1,167,595 pounds followed by Plymouth with
1,078,835. See Table 12.
11. Landings by coastal commercial lobstermen rose
steadily in the spring and early summer, peaked in July,
August and September and then declined. The least amount of
lobsters were landed in February and March. See Table 13.
12. According to coastal fishermen, the greatest number
of lobsters taken inside 69 degrees West and 41 degrees North
were from Boston Harbor (Area 4) fol lowed by
Beverly — Salem — Marblehead (Area 3) and Cape Ann (Area 2).
See Table 13.
-5-
13. The average catch per trap haul for coastal
fishermen was 0.649 pounds. For traps fished for one set-over
day the average was 0.482; for those fished two days 0.627;
and for three or more set-over days 0.719. See Figure 1 for a
monthly breakdown within set-over days.
^Ex-vessel price determined by weighted averages of prices
listed in the National Marine Fisheries Service '*Blue Sheet".
2Based on an average value of $32.50 per pot, including warp
and buoys.
-6-
TABLE 1. Reporting Status of 1985 Lobster Licensees
Licenses Issued
Coastal Commercial
($200)
1,744
Seasonal Commercial
($ 50)
188
Offshore Commercial
($200)
673
Nnn-Cnmnitarr lal
($ 30)
11,377
Total 13,982
Reporting Status
Type
Not
Reporting
Reported
"Not Fishing"
Reported
"Fishing"
Coastal Commercial
Seasonal Commercial
Offshore Commercial
To t al Commer c ial
Non-Commercial
Grand Total
27 ( 2%)
65 (35%)
159 (24%)
251 (10%)
3,453 (30%)
3,704 (26%)
349 (20%)
15 ( 8%)
347 (51%)
711 (27%)
1,240 (11%)
1,951 (14%)
1,368 (78%)
108 (57%)
167 (25%)
1,643 (63%)
6,684 (59%)
8,327 (60%)
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-17-
TABLE 12. Pounds of lobsters landed by commercial fishermen (except seasonal)
by city or town of landing in 1985.
City/ Town
Inside 69°W 41°N
Outside 61°W 41°N
Total
Barnstable
30,198
484,240
514,438
Beverly
738,
955
738,
955
Boston "
1,399,
779
54,744
1,454,
523
Bourne
58,
311
58,
311
Chatham
136,
582
12,459
149,
041
Chilmark
131,
,930
30,736
162,
666
Cohasset
627
,147
627,
147
Danvers
58,
137
58,
137
Dartmouth
12,
,911
12,
911
Dennis-Yarmouth
60,
,602
60,
602
Duxbury
43,
,261
43,
261
Eastham
47,
153
47,
153
Essex
43,
,335
43,
335
Fair haven
109,
907
241,470
351,
377
Falmouth
20,
,880
20,
880
Gloucester
1,087,
,515
80,080
1,167,
595
Gosnold
6,
476
6,
476
Harwich
158,
,905
9,459
168,
364
Hingham
426,
143
426,
143
Hull
244,
326
244,
326
Ipswich
56,
412
•
56,
412
Kingston
26,
354
26,
354
Lynn
324,
709
11,786
336,
495
Manchester
271,
,417
271,
417
Marblehead
647,
,865
2,174
650,
,039
Marshfield
691,
,412
140
691,
552
Mattapoisett-
•Marion
51,
93i
3,377
55,
308
Nahant
393,
992
25,233
419
,225
Nantucket
37,
090
56
37,
146
New Bedford
107,
102
63,333
170,
,435
Newburyport -Newbury- Rowley
84,
,647
84
,647
Orleans
51,
,873
51
,873
Plymouth
823,
,921
254,914
1,078
,835
Province town
105,
,192
2,082
107
,274
Quincy
-
73,
,598
73
,598
Revere
139,
055
139
,055
Rockport
441
,785
2,085
443
,870
Salem
97
,289
97
,289
Salisbury
3
,701
3
,701
Sandwich
221
,380
217,012
438
,392
Saugus
689
,622
689
,622
Scituate
423
,634
23,758
447
,392
Swampscott
544
► 143
544
,143
Tisbury - Oak
Bluff s-Edgar town
6
,530
6
,530
Ware ham
21
,327
21
,327
Wellfleet-Truro
20
,162
20
,162
Westport
258
,388
284,201
542
,589
Weymouth
96
,001
96
,001
Winthrop
221
,347
221
,347
Out-of-state
7
,306
210,882
218
,188
-18-
TABLE 13. Massachusetts commercial lobster landings inside 69°W and
41*^N by month and area as reported by coastal commercial
fishermen in 1985.
Month
Percent
January
0.6
February
0.2
March
0.3
April
1.0
May
2.9
June
7.5
July
20.3
August
19.3
September
20.2
October
15.4
November
8.7
December
3.6
Area
Percent
1
1.9
2
11.6
3
16.3
4
31.1
5
10.7
6
6.9
7
1.6
8
7.0
9
1.5
10
2.9
11
2.7
12
5.9
100.0
100.1*
*Total does not equal 100 percent due to rounding of numbers
Figure 1. 1985 Catch per unit of effort by set -over day for the
Massachusetts coastal commercial lobster fishery.
JAN
SQD
1 r
FEB MAR APR
= set -over day
MAY JUN
MONTH
T 1 1
OCT NOV DEC
-19-
LOBSTERING AREAS
f
Betwe«n
Ar«as
BOUNDARIES
1 i 2
Gssti* ^4«ck. Ipswich
2 & 3
Goldsmith Point. AAonchester
3 & 4
R«d Rock. Lynn
4 & 5
Tobias Ledg* (Spindle). Scituote
5 i 6
High Pin«s Ledg«. Plymouth
6 & 7
Scuss«tt B«ach. Sandvvich
7 & 3
Gnfftn Island. Weilfleet
8 & 9
9 i 10
Waqijoit Bay, Falmouth - Cap<
M.V. . Musk^gmt Island
10 2 11
A^ass./R.l. Un« • Gay H«ad
Note: Th« s«a>Mard bounder/ of
Areas 1 through 7 is the 20
Fathom line.
13
Figure 2. Location and description of coastal lobster rishlaj
areas in Massachxuetts.
-20-
COASTAL MAP of MASSACHUSETTS
SHOWING STATISTICAL REPORTING AREAS (Counties)
1. Essex
2. Suffolk
3. Norfoik
4. P!ymouth
5. Bristol
6. Barnstable
7. Dukes
8. Nantucket
Figure 3