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MASSACHUSETTS 

DIVISION  OF  MARINE  FISHERIES 


1985 
IVlassachusetts 
Lobster  Fishery 
Statistics 


by 
Thomas  B.  Hoopes,  Statistician 


Department  of  Fisheries,  Wildlife  and  Environmental  Law  Enforcement 

Division  of  Marine  Fisheries 


Technical  Series  20 


A  contribution  of 

Conner ical  Fisheries  Research  ans  Development 

(P.L.  88-309)  Proiect  3-371-D 


Publ icat  ion#14530-21-310-8-12-86-C.R. 
Approved  bv  State  Purchasing  Agent 


irfmoDucTioN 


The  commercial  lobster  fishery  of  Massachusetts  is  the 
most  economically  importar>t  fishery  conducted  within  the 
territorial  waters  of  the  Commonwealth.  The  overall  economic 
importance  of  the  fishery  both  in  New  England  and,  in  recent 
years,  the  Mid-Atlantic  states,  has  focused  the  attention  of 
Federal,  Regional  and  State  fishery  managers  on  this  species. 
Initially,  in  an  attempt  to  standardize  management  of  the 
fishery,  the  Federal  and  State  Governments  developed  an 
overall  lobster  fishery  management  plan  under  the  auspices  of 
the  State-Federal  Partnership  Program.  However,  with  the 
passage  of  the  Fisheries  Management  and  Conservation  Act,  the 
New  England  Fisheries  Management  Council,  in  cooperation  with 
the  Mid-At lant ic  Council,  has  developed  and  implemented  a 
management  plan  for  the  entire  east  coast  lobster  fishery. 
The  basis  and  success  of  any  such  plan  is  an  accurate 
statistical  data  base.  The  Commonweal th  of  Massachusetts, 
with  joint  funding  from  the  National  Marine  Fisheries  Service, 
has  been  collecting  annual  reports  from  licensed  lobster 
fishermen  for  many  years.  Historically,  the  data  collected 
was  used  primarily  for  descriptive  and  informational  purposes, 
and  occasionally  for  management.  However,  with  the  recent 
emphasis  on  Federal  mar^gement,  this  data  takes  on  added 
importance  in  terms  of  providing  the  respective  management 
agencies  with  adequate  information  to  ensure  tfiat  the 
Interests  of  Massachusetts'  lobstermen  are  protected. 

During  the  period  1975  -  1980,  the  number  of  coastal 
commercial  lobster  permits  was  limited,  by  law,  to  1300,  with 
an  additional  10  percent  issued  to  proven  hardship  cases.  In 
1981,  a  statutory  change  provided  for  the  establishment  of  a 
permanent  waiting  list  from  which  100  new  permits  were  issued. 
In  addition,  30  special  additional  permits  were  awarded  to 
full  time  commercial  fishermen  who  met  certain  criteria.  In 
subsequent  years  80  list  permits  and  20  special  additional 
permits  have  been  issued.  Permits  which  are  not  renewed  are 
retired. 

This  report  is  the  nineteenth  annual  publication  of  data 
summarized  from  catch  reports  submitted  by  licensed  lobster 
fishermen.  Data  was  presented  in  a  standardized  format 
through  1979.  For  the  1980  report,  data  presentation  was 
changed  to  reflect  a  more  thorough  collection  and  evaluation 
of  the  data.  The  new  presentation  format  is  continued  in  this 
report.  It  is  anticipated  that  this  format  will  continue 
until  such  time  as  the  Division  implements  computer  processing 
of  the  data. 


-2- 


This  report  has  been  prepared  by  personnel  from  the 
Division  of  Mar  me  Fisher les  Commercial  Fisheries  Statistics 
Project,  funded  jointly  by  the  Commonwealth  and  the  National 
Marine  Fisheries  Service  under   the  Commercial  Fisheries 
Research  and  Development  Act   (Public  Law  88-309).   The 
preparation  of  this  report  would  not  have  been  possible  without 
the  cooperation  of  the  licensed  lobstermen  who  provided  the 
data  on  their  annual  reports.  Special  thanks  also  go  to 
Constance  Lytle  for  her  help  with  preparation  of  the  text. 


SOURCE  OF  DATA 


No  person  may  fish  for  or  take  lobsters  in  coastal  waters 
or  land  lobsters  in  the  Commonwealth  without  a  permit  issued 
by  the  Director  of  the  Division  of  Marine  Fisheries  (Chapter 
130,  Mass.  G.L.,  Section  38).  Chapter  130,  Mass.  G.L., 
Section  23,  requires  any  person  so  licensed  to  file  an  annual 
report  of  their  catch  by  January  31  for  the  preceding  calendar 
year.  In  1980,  a  dual  reporting  system  was  established. 
(Commercial  lobstermen  (coastal,  offshore  and  seasonal) 
received  a  detailed  catch  report  form  with  their  license 
renewal  application.  This  report  requests  the  following 
information:  method  of  fishing;  number  and  type  of  gear 
used;  effort  data  (set-over  day,  average  number  of  trips  per 
month,  etc.);  pounds  of  lobster  taken;  areas  fished; 
principal  ports  of  landing;  and  information  relative  to  the 
vessels  used  in  the  fishery.  Recreat ior^al  fishermen  are  asked 
to  report  only  the  number  of  lobsters  taken  the  previous  year 
on  their  I i cense. renewal  application  form. 

Project  personnel  sort,  edit,  tabulate  and  interpret  data 
from  all  reports  received.  Data  presented  in  this  booklet  are 
based  on  catch  reports  actually  received  and  are  not  expanded 
to  100  percent  levels. 


EXPLANATION  OF  TABLES 


All  data  presented  in  this  booklet  are  broken  down  into 
two  basic  categories:  the  first  is  "inshore"  which  represents 
all  data  pertaining  to  all  lobster  activity  taking  place 
within  69  degrees  West  Longitude  and  41  degrees  North 
Latitude;  the  "offshore"  category  refers  to  all  data  outside 
of  the  given  coordinates. 


-3- 


Tables  presenting  number  of  fishermen  by  license  type, 
number  of  pots  fished,  number  and  value  of  boats  used  in  the 
fishery  and  total  landings  statewide,  by  county  and  for  each 
city  and  town  were  prepared  using  the  catch  reports  submitted 
by  all  commercial  fishermen.  In  keeping  with  Division  policy, 
some  of  the  data  is  masked  or  combined  to  protect  the 
confidentiality  of  the  individual  submitting  the  report.  Data 
referring  to  the  number  of  fishermen,  number  and  value  of 
gear,  and  number  and  value  of  boats  are  presented  by  the  home 
port  of  the  licensee  filing  the  report.  Pounds  of  lobsters 
harvested  are  presented  by  the  port  of  landing  reported  by -the 
f  ishermen. 

Where  tabular  materials  refers  to  county,  the  reader  is 
referred  to  Figure  3.  Fishing  areas  are  del ineated  in  Figure 
2. 

Vessel  artd  SCUBA  gear  values  were  calculated  on  the  basts 
of  the  fishermen's  estimate  of  its  present  value  and  the 
percentage  of  its  use  specifically  for  lobstering.  Average 
values  were  used  when  the  information  was  omitted  from  an 
individual  report. 

When  fishermen  reported  the  number  of  lobsters  taken, 
rather  than  poundage,  a  conversion  factor  of  1.18  pounds  per 
lobster  was  used  to  calculate  poundage  figures.  This  factor 
is  based  on  historical  data. 


1985  HiGH.IGHTS 


1.  There  were  13,982  lobster  licenses  of  all  types 
issued  during  1985:  1,744  coastal  commercial;  188  seasonal 
commercial;  673  offshore  and  11,377  non-commercial.  See 
Table  1. 

2.  A  total  of  3,704  licensed  lobstermen  (  26  percent) 
failed  to  file  a  catch  report  with  the  Division.  Of  the 
10,278  fishermen  reporting,  1951  (19  percent)  reported  that 
they  did  not  fish  for  lobsters  during  1985. 

3.  A  total  of  14,560,107  pounds  of  lobsters  were 
reported  landed.  Of  these,  recreational  fishermen  reported 
taking  357,024  pounds,  whi le  commercial  fishermen  reported 
taking  14,203,083  pounds.  Based  on  a  value  of  $2.47  per 
pound^,  the  commercial  catch  was  valued  at  $35,081,615. 


-4- 


4.  Commercial  fishermen  comprised  23  percent  of  the 
total  number  of  fishermen  reporting  and  landed  98  percent  of 
the  total  catch. 

5.  Non-commercial  SCUBA  divers  represented  23  percent  of 
the  fishermen  reporting,  but  landed  only  0.4  percent  of  the 
total  poundage. 

6.  In  total  pounds  of  lobsters  landed  Essex  County 
ranked  first,  Plymouth  County  second  and  Suffolk  County  third. 

7.  In  total  numbers  of  commercial  fishermen,  Essex 
County  ranked  first  with  675,  Plymouth  County  second  with  413, 
and  Barnstable  County  third  with  179. 

8.  In  the  commercial   fishery,  pots  were  valued  at 
$13, 151,515^,  diving  gear  at  $91,088,  and  power  and  non-power 
boats   at  $39,955,482,  yielding  a  total  gear  value   of 
$53,198,085.   Combined  with  the  value  of   lobsters  sold, 
$35,081,815,  gives  a  total  fishery  value  of  $88,279,700. 

9.  Of  the  14,203,803  pounds  of  lobsters  landed 
commercially,  12,399,744  were  reported  taken  inside  of  89 
degrees  l/i/est  and  41  degrees  htorth,  and  of  that  number, 
10.303,792  pounds  were  estimated  to  have  been  taken  within  the 
territorial  waters  of  the  Commonwealth. 

10.  More  lobsters  were  landed  in  Boston,  1,454,523 
pounds,  than  in  any  other  Massachusetts  port.  Gloucester 
ranked  second  with  1,167,595  pounds  followed  by  Plymouth  with 
1,078,835.  See  Table  12. 

11.  Landings  by  coastal  commercial  lobstermen  rose 
steadily  in  the  spring  and  early  summer,  peaked  in  July, 
August  and  September  and  then  declined.  The  least  amount  of 
lobsters  were  landed  in  February  and  March.  See  Table  13. 

12.  According  to  coastal  fishermen,  the  greatest  number 
of  lobsters  taken  inside  69  degrees  West  and  41  degrees  North 
were  from    Boston    Harbor    (Area    4)    fol lowed    by 
Beverly — Salem — Marblehead  (Area  3)  and  Cape  Ann  (Area  2). 
See  Table  13. 


-5- 


13.  The  average  catch  per  trap  haul  for  coastal 
fishermen  was  0.649  pounds.  For  traps  fished  for  one  set-over 
day  the  average  was  0.482;  for  those  fished  two  days  0.627; 
and  for  three  or  more  set-over  days  0.719.  See  Figure  1  for  a 
monthly  breakdown  within  set-over  days. 


^Ex-vessel  price  determined  by  weighted  averages  of  prices 
listed  in  the  National  Marine  Fisheries  Service  '*Blue  Sheet". 

2Based  on  an  average  value  of  $32.50  per  pot,  including  warp 
and  buoys. 


-6- 


TABLE   1.      Reporting  Status  of   1985  Lobster  Licensees 


Licenses  Issued 


Coastal   Commercial 

($200) 

1,744 

Seasonal   Commercial 

($   50) 

188 

Offshore  Commercial 

($200) 

673 

Nnn-Cnmnitarr  lal 

($   30) 

11,377 

Total  13,982 


Reporting   Status 


Type 


Not 
Reporting 


Reported 
"Not  Fishing" 


Reported 
"Fishing" 


Coastal   Commercial 
Seasonal  Commercial 
Offshore  Commercial 

To  t  al   Commer  c  ial 

Non-Commercial 

Grand   Total 


27  (   2%) 

65  (35%) 

159  (24%) 

251  (10%) 

3,453  (30%) 

3,704  (26%) 


349   (20%) 

15    (   8%) 

347    (51%) 

711    (27%) 

1,240   (11%) 

1,951    (14%) 


1,368  (78%) 

108  (57%) 

167  (25%) 

1,643  (63%) 

6,684  (59%) 

8,327  (60%) 


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-17- 


TABLE  12.   Pounds  of  lobsters  landed  by  commercial  fishermen  (except  seasonal) 
by  city  or  town  of  landing  in  1985. 


City/ Town 

Inside  69°W  41°N 

Outside   61°W  41°N 

Total 

Barnstable 

30,198 

484,240 

514,438 

Beverly 

738, 

955 

738, 

955 

Boston  " 

1,399, 

779 

54,744 

1,454, 

523 

Bourne 

58, 

311 

58, 

311 

Chatham 

136, 

582 

12,459 

149, 

041 

Chilmark 

131, 

,930 

30,736 

162, 

666 

Cohasset 

627 

,147 

627, 

147 

Danvers 

58, 

137 

58, 

137 

Dartmouth 

12, 

,911 

12, 

911 

Dennis-Yarmouth 

60, 

,602 

60, 

602 

Duxbury 

43, 

,261 

43, 

261 

Eastham 

47, 

153 

47, 

153 

Essex 

43, 

,335 

43, 

335 

Fair  haven 

109, 

907 

241,470 

351, 

377 

Falmouth 

20, 

,880 

20, 

880 

Gloucester 

1,087, 

,515 

80,080 

1,167, 

595 

Gosnold 

6, 

476 

6, 

476 

Harwich 

158, 

,905 

9,459 

168, 

364 

Hingham 

426, 

143 

426, 

143 

Hull 

244, 

326 

244, 

326 

Ipswich 

56, 

412 

• 

56, 

412 

Kingston 

26, 

354 

26, 

354 

Lynn 

324, 

709 

11,786 

336, 

495 

Manchester 

271, 

,417 

271, 

417 

Marblehead 

647, 

,865 

2,174 

650, 

,039 

Marshfield 

691, 

,412 

140 

691, 

552 

Mattapoisett- 

•Marion 

51, 

93i 

3,377 

55, 

308 

Nahant 

393, 

992 

25,233 

419 

,225 

Nantucket 

37, 

090 

56 

37, 

146 

New  Bedford 

107, 

102 

63,333 

170, 

,435 

Newburyport -Newbury- Rowley 

84, 

,647 

84 

,647 

Orleans 

51, 

,873 

51 

,873 

Plymouth 

823, 

,921 

254,914 

1,078 

,835 

Province town 

105, 

,192 

2,082 

107 

,274 

Quincy 

- 

73, 

,598 

73 

,598 

Revere 

139, 

055 

139 

,055 

Rockport 

441 

,785 

2,085 

443 

,870 

Salem 

97 

,289 

97 

,289 

Salisbury 

3 

,701 

3 

,701 

Sandwich 

221 

,380 

217,012 

438 

,392 

Saugus 

689 

,622 

689 

,622 

Scituate 

423 

,634 

23,758 

447 

,392 

Swampscott 

544 

►  143 

544 

,143 

Tisbury  -  Oak 

Bluff s-Edgar town 

6 

,530 

6 

,530 

Ware ham 

21 

,327 

21 

,327 

Wellfleet-Truro 

20 

,162 

20 

,162 

Westport 

258 

,388 

284,201 

542 

,589 

Weymouth 

96 

,001 

96 

,001 

Winthrop 

221 

,347 

221 

,347 

Out-of-state 

7 

,306 

210,882 

218 

,188 

-18- 


TABLE  13.   Massachusetts  commercial  lobster  landings  inside  69°W  and 
41*^N  by  month  and  area  as  reported  by  coastal  commercial 
fishermen  in  1985. 


Month 

Percent 

January 

0.6 

February 

0.2 

March 

0.3 

April 

1.0 

May 

2.9 

June 

7.5 

July 

20.3 

August 

19.3 

September 

20.2 

October 

15.4 

November 

8.7 

December 

3.6 

Area 


Percent 


1 

1.9 

2 

11.6 

3 

16.3 

4 

31.1 

5 

10.7 

6 

6.9 

7 

1.6 

8 

7.0 

9 

1.5 

10 

2.9 

11 

2.7 

12 

5.9 

100.0 


100.1* 


*Total  does  not  equal  100  percent  due  to  rounding  of  numbers 


Figure  1.   1985  Catch  per  unit  of  effort  by  set -over  day  for  the 
Massachusetts  coastal  commercial  lobster  fishery. 


JAN 

SQD 


1     r 
FEB   MAR   APR 

=  set -over  day 


MAY   JUN 

MONTH 


T 1 1 

OCT   NOV   DEC 


-19- 


LOBSTERING  AREAS 


f 


Betwe«n 
Ar«as 

BOUNDARIES 

1  i  2 

Gssti*  ^4«ck.  Ipswich 

2  &  3 

Goldsmith  Point.  AAonchester 

3  &  4 

R«d  Rock.  Lynn 

4  &  5 

Tobias  Ledg*  (Spindle).  Scituote 

5  i  6 

High  Pin«s  Ledg«.  Plymouth 

6  &  7 

Scuss«tt  B«ach.  Sandvvich 

7  &  3 

Gnfftn  Island.  Weilfleet 

8  &  9 

9  i  10 

Waqijoit   Bay,    Falmouth   -   Cap< 
M.V.  .  Musk^gmt  Island 

10  2  11 

A^ass./R.l.  Un«  •  Gay  H«ad 

Note:  Th«  s«a>Mard  bounder/  of 
Areas  1  through  7  is  the  20 
Fathom  line. 


13 


Figure  2.  Location  and  description  of   coastal  lobster  rishlaj 
areas  in  Massachxuetts. 


-20- 


COASTAL  MAP  of  MASSACHUSETTS 
SHOWING  STATISTICAL  REPORTING  AREAS   (Counties) 


1.  Essex 

2.  Suffolk 


3.  Norfoik 

4.  P!ymouth 


5.  Bristol 

6.  Barnstable 


7.  Dukes 

8.  Nantucket 


Figure  3