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DICTIONARY
MEDICAL SCIENCE;
coMTAixDfa
A COKOIBX ZZPUNATION OF THE YiSIOVB SUBJECTS tUV TEEMS 0? PDTEIOIOOT,
EIOIENE, THEKAPEVncS, PHAXMAOOLOalT, OBSTETRIOS, UEDICAL JOSlaPBODBNCK,
WITH TUB FBBNCH AMD OTHER BTNONTMBSi NOTICES OF CUMATE, AND OV
CBLEBKATED UNKBAL WATEBS; lOBMlILj; FOB TABIODS OFHOINAI,
KMPIMCAL, ASD DIKTEnO PBSPABATIONB, Em
KOBLET DUNGLISON, M.D.,IL.D.,
ELETENTH EDITION. KETISED.
PHILADELPHIA!
BLANCHARD AND LEA.
1854.
Entered^ aooording to the Act of Congress^ in the year 1851, by
BLANCHARD AND LEA,
in the Office of the Clerk of the District Court of the United States^ in and for the
Eastern District of PennsjlTania.
PrinUd b^ T. £. S( P. Q. OoUiiiM.
• • •
• • •
• • •• •
• t •
• •••
• •
• • • •
> • • , •
• • •
• •
V s
so
BOBEBT M. PATTEBSON, M.D.
£X-FBJSSn>£NT OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY^ ETC. ETC,
ONCE HIS OOLLEAaUB IN TUB UNIYERSITt OF TIROINIA,
ALWATS HIS FRIEND,
^jlia Witk is ^tVitaltl,
WITH UNOHANQED AND UNCHANOEASLE SENTIMENTS; B7
THE AUTHOR.
^^HO'dx
rREFACE TO THE EIGHTH EDITION.
In issuing a Dew edition of his Dictionary the Author has, again, the pleasure
to express his acknowledgments for the reception it has met with from the profes-
sion. The last two editions comprised ahout nine thousand subjects and terms not
contained in the edition immediately preceding, many of which had been introduced
into medical terminology in consequence of the progress of the science, and others
had escaped him in the previous reyisions.
That the author has not suffered his exertions to diminish, in the preparation of
the present edition, is sufficiently manifested by the fact, that he has added about
four thousand termSy which are not to be found in the last. These additions
have necessarily required a great amount of labour, which has been cheerfully be-
stowed, however, in order that the work might be rendered still more worthy of the
vast favour which it has experienced. It has been the anxious desire of the author
to make it a satisfactory and desirable — if not indispensable — lexicon, in which the
student may search without disappointment for every term that has been legitimated
in the nomenclature of the science ; and the present very carefully revised, greatly
enlarged, and accurately printed edition cannot fail to be more extensively useful,
and to offer stronger claims to the attention of the practitioner and student, than
any of its predecessors.
ROBLEY DUNGLISON.
Philjidelpsia, 18 Girard Street.
EXTRACT FROM THE
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.
The present nndcrtaking was suggested by the frequent complunts^ made by the
aathor^s pupils, that they were unable to meet with information on numerous topics
of professional inquiry, — especially of recent introduction, — ^in the medical dictioo-
aries accessible to them. It may, indeed, be correctly affirmed, that we have no
dictionary of medical subjects and terms which can be looked upon as adapted to the
state of the science. In proof of this, the author need but remark, that he has found
occasion to add several thousand medical terms, which are not to be met with in the
only medical lexicon at this time in circulation in the country.
The author's object has not been to make a mere lexicon or dictionary of terms,
but to afford, under each, a condensed view of its various medical relations, and thus
to render the work an epitome of the existing condition of medical science. In its
preparation, he has freely availed himself of the English, French, and Grcrman
works of the same nature, and has endeavoured to add every subject and term of
recent introduction, which has fallen under his notice ; yet, with all his care, it will
doubtless be found that subjects have been omitted. The numerous additions, how-
ever, which he has made, and his strong desire to be useful, '' by removing rubbish
and clearing obstructions from the paths through which learning and genius press
forward to conquest and glory," will, he tiusts, extenuate these and other objections
that might be urged against the work ; especially when the toil, which every oom«
piler of a dictionary must endur^, is taken into consideratipn ]^ a t^il lUiifhJias been
so forcibly depicted by the gre^ "Efigii^^J^exicogpifhcff^ distin*
giushed SoAUora:
*Si qaelqa'an a oommii qnelqae crime odienx,
S'Q a ta< aon pdre, on blasph^mfi los Dieux,
Qn'U fiuie on Lezioon: s'U est rapplioe an mon^e
Qui le pnniMe mieox, Je yeox que Ton me tonde."
EXPLANATION.
Ir the fiimplo synonymy of any term be needed^ a mere reference to the term
may be sufficient; but if farther information be desired^ it may be obtained under
the term referred to. For examploi the French word Tronc is said to be synony-
mous with Trunk, This may be sufficient for the inquirer: should it not, the
requisite information may be found by turning to Trunk,
ABBKEVIATIONS ABBITRASILY EMPLOYED.
Arab.
Arabic.
NatOrd.
Natural Order.
Ch.
Ghaussier.
P.
Portuguese.
D.
Dutch.
Ph.D.
Pharmacopoeia of Dublin.
Da.
Danish.
Ph.E.
u
Edinburgh.
E.
English.
Ph.L.
it
London.
F.
French.
Ph. P.
a
Paris.
F. or Fah.
Fahrenheit.
Ph. U. S.
a
of the Uni-
Fam.
Family.
ted States
G.
(German.
of America.
Heb.
Hebrew.
B.
R^umur.
I. . . ..
Italian.
• ^* ••••• • --«-
8.
Spanish.
« • • * •
It. V ••-
.-. IrWv.:: : :
'l^'ji' \
Specific GraTity.
L. ' • •
• -Trfftm.
• Sar. • • •
A^nglo-Saxon.
Linn.
Limuaus.
Sex.Sy8t
8w.
Sexual System.
SwediaL
NEW DICTIONARY
OF
MEDICAL SCIENCE.
A.
ABBREVIATION
A, before m consonant; An before * Towel, a, ay,
feATe, in the compound medical terme, a privative
or debasing signifl cation, like that of the particles
in, tfli, un, ir, in English. Thus .* Sthen^a means
strength; — AtthenVc^ want of strength; — Aha-
mia, want of blood, Ac Occasionally, in com-
pound words, they have an intensive meaning.
AACHEN, AU-la-ChapeUe.
A, or A*. Bee Abbreviation.
AARZHiL, Mineral waters of. a.
is in the canton of Berne in Switxerland. The
chief spring contains chlorides of' calciam and
B<»diam, sulphates of lime and soda, ozyd of iron,
and Bulphohydrio acid gas.
AASMUS, Anhelatio.
ABACH, MINERAL WATERS OF. A hydro-
fnlphuretted saline spring, not far from Ratisbon
or Regentsberg in BavarU.
ABAJSSEMENT, Depression: m« Cataraot—
«. de la Matrictt Prolapsus uterL
ABAISSEUR DE VAILE DU NEZ, De-
pressor aim nasi — a. de Vangle d€9 Ihfrtt, De-
fresaor anguli oris — a. de la Uvrt infirieurt,
^eprMsor Tabii inferioris — a. de la maehoire in-
ffriemret Digastrions — a. de raeil, Rectus inferior
oculi.
ABALIENATIO MENTIS, Insanity.
ABALIENA'TUS. Cormp'hu, Corrupted; from
ah, and aiienuMj * different.' Memhra ahaUema'ia.
Limbs dead or benumbed. — CeUus, Scribonius
Largns.
ABANGA. Name given by the inhabitants of
8t Thomas to the fruit of a palm tree, the seeds
of which tiiey consider very useful in diseases of
the chest, in the dose of three or, four, two or
three times a day. ,, ;, ,
ABAPTIST'A. AhaptiUonQTAh<^^^ns,t^o^
a, privative, and fi*wri(u9, 'to plunge/- X^term
applied to the old trepan, the conical shape of
which prevented it from plunging suddenly into
the cavity of the cranium.
ABAPTISTON, AbapUsta.
ABAPTISTUM, Abaptista.
ABAREMO-TEMO. A Brasilian tree, whieh
grows in the mountains, and i^peavs to be a
mimosa Piso relates that the decoction of its
bark, which is bitter and astringent, was applied
in that oonntnr, to ulcers of a bad character.
ABARNAHAS, Magnesia.
ABARTICULATIO, Diarthrofis and Synar-
liirosis.
ABATAEDTSSBMBNT, Degentnlion.
ASATTEMENT, Prostration*
ABATTIS, Oibleta.
ABBECOURT, MINERAL WATERS OF. A
chalybeate spring, six leagues from Paris, and
one from Poissy. It was once much fr«quentedf
but is now abandoned.
ABBEVILLE, MINERAL WATERS OF. An
acidulous chalybeate at Abbeville, in the depart*
ment of Somme, France.
ABBREVIA'TION, Ahhrevia'tio, Braeh^n'eie,
Brachye'moe, Abhreviatu'reu (F.) Abrhnaiion,
from orevie, 'short.' Abbreviations are chiefly
used in medicinal formulsB. They are by no
means as frequently employed now as of old, when
every article had its appropriate symbol. The
chief abbreviations now adopted are Uie following :
B. Recipe, Take.
A. 17, ANA, {ava) irfriiMfiM, of each.
Abdoh. Ahdomwn,
Ab8. Fbbr. Abeente/ehre, In the absence of fever*
An. or Ann. Adde or addatur.
Ad Lib. Ad libitum, At pleasure.
Anvov. Admotfeatur, Let it be applied.
Altbrn. Hob. Altemie korie. Every other hoar.
Alv. AnsTBiOT. Alvo adetrietd. The bowels be-
ing confined.
Aq. AquOf Water.
Aq. Comf. Aqua co s M mm ts, Common water*
Aq. Font. Aqua/ontie, Spring water.
Aq. Bull. AquQ buUiene, BoiUng water.
Aq. Fbrv. Aqua/ertene, Hot water.
Aq. Mabot. Aqwi marina, Sea water.
B. A. Balneum arena, A sand-bath.
Bals. BaUamufn, Balsam.
BB. BBD6. Barbadeneie, Barbadoei.
Bib. Bibe, Drink.
Bis am). Bie indite, Twicp.di^yv
B. M. BMeunihiriMAnCt'n^JbU bath.
' BoKBouV'^:'. *.• :•. :
"Bvtx.'BUauU,TkMihoa: *
But. Buiyrum, Butter.
B. V. Balneum vaporie, A vapour-bath.
Cjbrul. Caruleue, Bluew
Cap. Capiat, Let him take.
C. C. Cfamu eervi. Hartshorn.
C. C. U. Oomu eervi uetum, Sumt harlahon*
C. M. Oraa eiand. To-morrow morning.
C. N. Cfrtu nocte. To-morrow night
C. V. Orae veepere, To-morrow evening.
CocHL. Ooehleart, A spoonfU.
Cochl. Ampl. Oockleart amplmn, A laif*
spoonful.
CochIm Imp. Ooehleart infantum, A chfld't
spoonful.
CocHii. Mod. or Mbd. ObeMsare wo d i e^ Bi «r
wtedium, A dessert-spoonfU.
(88)
ABBBBVIATION
S4
ABBREVIATION
CocBL. Part. Chchfeareparvum, A tfea-spoonfuL
Col. Cola, and Colatura, Strain, %nd to the
gtrained.
CoMP. ComptmttM, Compound.
CoNF. Con/ectiOf Confection.
Cons. Conserva, Conserve.
CoNT. Continuetur, Lot it b« oonUnned.
CoQ. Coque, Boil.
CoBT. dorteXf Bark.
CuAST. Crattinutf For to-morrow.
Ccj. CujuMf Of which.
CujcsL. Otijuslibet, Of any.
CrATn. Otfathu»f A glassfUL
CrATH. TnuM, A cup of tea.
D. Dofitf A do80.
D. et S. Detur et 9ignetur, (placed at the end
9/ a prescription. )
D. D. Dftur adf Let it be given in or to.
D. D. ViTB. Detur ad vitrum. Let it be given
in a glass.
Deaur. Pil. Deaurentur pilul<B, Let the pills
be gilded.
Deb. Sriss. Dehita epieeitudo, A due consist-
•noe.
Deo. Decantttf Pour off.
Decitb. Decubituif Lying down, going to bed.
Db D. in D. De die in diem. From day to day.
Dej. Alv. Dejectione$ alvi, Alvine evacui^ons.
Dbp. DepurattUf Purified.
Dbt. Detur, Let it be given.
DiEB. Altern. Diebusaltemis, Every other day.
DiEB. Tert. Diebue tertiie. Every third day.
Dio. Digeraturf Let it be digested.
DiL. DUutue, Dilute.
Dim. Dimidiue, One-haUl
DiST. Dietilla, DistiL
Div. Divide, Divide.
DoNEC Aly. Solut. Fueb. Donee altue tduta
/uerit, Until the bowels are opened.
Dkach. Drachma, A draohm.
Ejusd. Ejuedem, Of the same.
Eneh. Enema, A clyster.
Exhib. Exhibeatur, Let it be exhibited.
Ext. super Alut. Extende evper cUutam, Spread
upon leather.
F. Fiat, Let it be made.
F. Pil. Fiat pilula, Make into a pill.
F. Ven^s. or F. VS. Fiat venmeeetio, Let bleed-
ing be performed.
Feb. Dvr. Febre durante. The fever continuing.
Feh. Intern. Femoribue intemie, To the inside
of the thighs.
Fist. Arm at. Fittula armata, A bag and pipe,
a clyster pipe and bladder fitted for use.
Fl. Fluidut, and Floret, Fluid, and Flowers.
Frust. FruetiUatim, In small pieces.
Gel. Quayis, Oelatind qudvie. In any kind
of jelly.
O. G. G. Oj^mi^i giftta^ Oan^na^QBmho^^
Gr. Granuniy^}snii^\ !*••*••
Brr, Outta, ^ ^f** **.•*» J* • '
Gtt. or Gutt. Quibubd. Guttft quibAddi0,'WiiiL
tome drops.
GuH. Gummi, Gum.
GuTTAT. Outtatim, By drops.
HoR. Decub. Hord decubitfU, At bed-time.
Hor. Intebm. Horia intermediie, At interme-
diate hours.
H. S. Hord eomni. At bed-time.
Inf. In/nnde, Infuse.
Ind. Indiee, Daily.
Inj. Enem. Infieiatur enema. Let a clyster be
given.
In Pulx. In pulmento. In grueL
Jul. Julepue, A julep.
Lat. Dol. Lateri dolenti. To tiie pained side.
Lb. and Lib. Libra, A pound weight.
Ijb. Llb, Libra, Pounds.
LiQ. Liquor,
M. Mitce, Mix.
Mac. Macera^ Macerate.
Man. Manipulu9f A handful.
Man. Prim. Man^ primo, Early in the morning.
Mic. Pan. Jfiea pai^ih Crumb of bread.
MiN. Minimum, The 6(Hih part of a drachm by
measure.
Mitt. Mitte, Send.
Mitt. Sano. Mittatur tanguie. Let blood be
drawn.
Mod. Prjescript. Modo praeeripto, In the
manner directed.
MoR. Sol. 3fore eolito, In the usual manner.
Muc. Ifucilago, Mucilage.
N. M. Xux moeehata. Nutmeg.
0. Octariue, A pint.
01. Oleum, Oil.
Ol. Lini, S. L Oleum lint eine igne. Cold-drawn
linseed oil.
Omn. Bid. Omni biduo. Every two days.
Omn. Bin. Omni bihorio, Every two hours.
Omn. IIor. Omni hord, Every hour.
Omn. Man. Omni mani, Every morning.
Omn. Nocte, Every nighL
Omn. Qdadr. Hor. Omni quadrante hormf
Every quarter of an hour.
0. 0. 0. Oleum oliv<B optimum. Best olive oiL
Ov. Ovum, An egg.
Ox. Oxymel.
Oz. Uncia, An ounce.
P. Pondcre, By weight.
P. and Puo. Pugillue, A pugil.
P. M. Partes csqtialee, Equal parts.
Part. Vic. Partitie vicibue, In divided doses.
Peract. Op. Emet. Peraetd operatione emeticif
The operation of the emetic being over.
Pil. Pilula, A pilL
Post Sino. Sed. Liq. Poet eingulae tedm
liquidae, After every liquid evacuation.
Pot. Potio, A potion.
P. P. Pulvie patrum, Jesuits' bark.
P. Rat. JBtat. Pro ratione atatie. According
to the age.
P. R. N. Pro re natd. As occasion may be.
PuLV. Pulvie, A powder.
Q. P. Quantum placeat, As much as may please.
Q. S. Quantum euffieiat, As much as is sufficient.
QuoR. Quorum, Of which.
Q. V. Quantum voluerie. As much as you wish.
Bad. Radix, Root
Ras. Rfuurat, Shavings.
Rbct. Rectijicatue, Rectified.
Red. or Redig. in Pult. Redaettte in pulv^
rem, or Redigatur in Pulverem, Powdered, or Let
it be powdered.
Reo. Umbil. Regio umbiliei, The umbilical re-
gion.
Repet. Repetatur, Let it be repeated.
\ I S Am'JSecuildum artem. According to art.
;«'8)ei^.. Seme^ Seed.
* SiBlri-irR! iS^mi-drachma, Half a drachm.
Semi-h. Semi-hora, Half an hour.
Srry. Serva, Keep, preserve
Sesquih. Seequihora, An hour and a half.
Srsunc. Seeuncia, An ounce and a half.
Si Non Val. Si non vnleat. If it does not answer.
Si Op. Sit. Si opu$ tit. If there be need.
Si Vir. Perm. Si vireepermittant. If thestrengUi
will permit
SoLV. Solve, Dissolve.
Sp. and Spir. Spiritue, Spirit
Ss. Semi, One half.
St. Stet, Let it stand.
Sub Fin. Coct. Sub finem coetionie, Towards
the end of the boiling.
Sum. Sumat, Let him take; also, Smwunitaittf
The tops.
• . I •
ABCMS
S5
ABBUOTOB
Beetified
B. y . Sp%r%tu9 vim, Spirit of wioa.
8. V. B. Spiritut vini rtetificatut,
spirit of wine.
6, V. T. J^rilm9 vini temttor, Proof spiril of
irine.
Stb. SsfrupuM, Symp.
Tmf. Dkxt. T^mpori dsxiro, To the right
iomple.
T. 0. Tinetura opii, Tinetnre of opiniii.
Tb., Tra. ftnd TiMCT. Tinctmra, Tinotnro.
Tut. TrUwra, Tritar»to.
Y. 0. S. or Vn. Or. Sol. VitaOo om tofalii*,
DisBoWed in the yolk of an egg.
VS. Vena§tctio, Yeneteotion.
Z. Z. Anciently myrrh: now mmibtr or ginger.
lb. Libra, A pound.
J, ITneto, An ounce.
^, i>roe&ma, A drachm.
\, Sentpulmm, A semplo.
ift««flM»m, A minim.
u, Semimis, or half; iss, one and a haiL
j, one; g, two; i^, three; iy, four, Ac
The same eyetem is not always followed in ab-
brcTiating. The sol^oined will exhibit the osoal
mode:
a
In/n». Oolomh, ts^
TincU OtnL e. f ^l
Syr, OorU Auruaii, ' t^n
TiueL eap§m gtt. zL M.
Capt. coeh. ^. p. r. n.
This, written at length, is as follows:
Beeipe
In/u§i Ooltmha sesqni-flnidnneiam.
Tifteturtg Geniiam^ Oompont^ flnidraohmam.
Syry^ (hrtieia Awramiiorvm semi-floidraeh-
i Tineturm Capaici gattu qnadraginta.
' liisoe.
Capiat ooohlearia dno pro re natft.
AB0S8, Absoess— <k Aign, see Abs ce ss a,
Okaud, see Absc es s a . Okroniqm; see Abscess —
a. Par congution, see Abscess — a. Dia^inqu4,
see Abscess— a. Froid, see Abscess — a. Mita»ta-
tiq¥09 see Absee s s a. Sero/uUux, see Abscess —
a. Somdain, see Abscess.
ABDO'MEN, from abdere, <to eoneefll/—
Stnm, Hypoga^trion, Hgpoeafliuwi, Epit^ekum,
Lap'ara, Bypoekoi'lion, Oatttr, Hypouftrum,
Jiedy$, Abdu'mfen, Venter, Venter imut, Venter
in'fimme, Aleut, ITterue, The hdly, (F.) Ventrt,
F. infirieur, Baa ventre. The largest of the
three splanchnic caTities, bounded, above, by the
diaphragm; below, by the pelris; behind, by the
lumbar Tertebrss; and at the sides and fore part,
by muscular ezimnsions. It is distinguished into
three anterior regions, from above to below; vis.
the epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric, each
of which is itself divided into three others, one
middle^ and two lateral: thus, the epigeu^rie re-
gion comprises the «p^<MtrtflMi and AypocAoa-
dria; the wmbiUeai, the wmhiliene and fianke or
Utmhar regioneg and the kgpooaetrie, the hgpo-
goMtriem and iUac regione. None of these re-
gions has its limits well defined. The chief vis-
eera conteined in the cavity of the abdomen,
Ca^lia, Oavmm Abdont,'imie, are the stomach. In-
testines, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, Ao. It
la lined by the peritoneum.
Abdoxut, PnimnLOirs, Physoonia.
ABDOM'IKAL, A6<lomtfia'lM, Ventra'lie,Ym-
tmL That which belongs to the Abdomen, as
mibdominal vtmeelee, abdominal vieeera, Ac
ABDOMINIS EXPLOBATIO, Abdominos-
0opi^
ABDOMmiSCOPOA, Oaetroeoop^ia, A by-
hrid word, ftx>m Abdomten, 'the lower belly,' and
t, <l view/ iK^aroeoop^ia, Abdom'imie Ex^
phra'tio. Sxaminatlon of the lower belly as s
means of diagnosis. See Auscultation.
ABDUCBNS LABIOBUM, Levator anguli
oris.
ABDUOEKTES, Motor ocnli extemus.
ABDUCTEUB DE L*(EIL, Bectus extemus
oculi — a. de Voreille, Abductor anris — a. du groe
ortetl. Abductor pollicis pedis — a, du petit orteil,
Abductor minimi digiti pedis— 4X, court du pouee,
Abductor pollicis brevis — a. long du pouce, Ab-
ductor longns pollicis.
ABDUCTION, Ahduc'tio, from abdueere, to
separate, {ab and dueere, 'to lead.') The move-
ment which separates a limb or other part from
the axis of the body.
The word has also been used synonymously
with Abrup'tio, Apag'ma, Apoclae'ma, a fracture
near the articular extremity of a bone, with sepa-
ration of the fragments.
ABDUG'TOB, same etymon. (F.) Abducteur.
A muscle which moves certun parts by separat-
ing Uiem from the axis of the body.
Abdvctob AuieicvLi.Ri8, Abductor auria — a.
Indicis pedis. Prior indicia pedis, Posterior indicis
pedis — a. Medii digiti pedis, Prior medii digiti
pedis — a. Minimi digiti. Flexor parvus minimi
digiti — a. Minimi digiti. Prior minimi digiti — a.
Oculi, Bectas extemus oculi— «. Pollicis maniis,
and a. Brevis alter, Abductor pollicis brevis.
Abdvctob Aubis, Abductor aurieula'ri§, (F.)
Abdueteur de VoreiUe. A portion of the poeterior
nuria, whose existence is not constant, which
passes from the mastoid process to the concha.
Abductob Lf'niCiS, Semi-interoa'teut in'dicia,
A muscle which arises from the os trapezium and
metacarpal bone of the thumb, and is inserted
into the first bone of the forefinger. Its use is to
bring the forefinger towards the thumb.
Abductob Min'ixi Dzo^iti, Oarpo-phalan'geua
min'imi digiti, Carpo-pkalangxen du petit doigt,
Exten'aor ter'tii intemo'dii minimi digiti — (Dou-
glas.) Hypoih'enar minor metacarpeua. See
Flexor parvus. It originates fleshy from the os
pisiforme, and from ^e annular ligament near
it: and is inserted, tendinous, into the inner side
of Uie base of the first bone of the little finger.
Uae, to draw the little finger from the rest
Abductob Miimci Digiti Pedis, Calco-auh-
phcUangeua minimi digiti, Calcaneo-pbalangien
du petit orteil, ParatVenar major — (By mns-
low, the muscle is divided into two portions, —
Parathenar major and metataraeua.) Oalcaneo^
aona-phcdangien du petit orteil — (Gh.) (F.) Ab'
dudeur du petit orteil. This muscle forms the
outer margin of the sole of the foot, and is im-
mediately beneaUi the plantar aponeurosis. It
arises, tendinous and fleshy, from the outer side
of the protuberance of the os calcis,, and from
the root of the metatarsal bone of the litUe toe,
and is inserted into the outer part of the root
of the flrst bone of the little toe Uae, to draw
the little toe outwards.
Abductob Pol'licis Bbxyis, Ahductor Polll'
eia Mant^, Seapho-carpo-auper-pkalangeua PoiU
lieia, Sua-pkalangien du pouee. A, pollieia tnaaue
and A. brevia alter — (Albinus.) (F.) Abdueteur
court du pouee, Oarpo-aua-phalangten du pouee^^-
(Ch.) A short, flat, triangular muscle, which arises
from the anterior surface of the os seaphoides and
the annular ligament of the carpus, and termi-
nates at the outside of the upper extremity of
the flrst phalanx of the thumb. A particular
portion, on the inner side of this mnsde, ii
called, by Albinus, Abductor brevia alter,
Abductob Lonoub Pollicis, A, I, P. ManCa,
Bactenaor oaaia metaearpi pollieia man(U, Extenaor
primi intemodii — (Douglas,) Extenaor primua
PoUieia, Oubito-radi-aua'n^aearpie^ du poueai^
ABDUMBN
se
ABORTIOir
Ouhito-nu^nitaearpien du jxntce,— (Ch.) (F.)
Ahdueteur long du pouee, A long, thin mascle,
•rising from the posterior surface of the ulna,
radiasy and interossoons ligament, and inserted
at the outer side of the upper extremity of the
first metacarpal bone.
Adductor Pollicis Pedis, Caleo-wh-phalan-
geu§ Pol' licit, (F.) Abdueteur du grot orttiL
This muscle arises, fleshy, from the anterior and
inner part of the protuberance of the os caleis,
and tendinous from the same bone where it joins
trith the os naviculare. It is inserted, tendinous,
into the internal os sesamoideum and root of the
first bono of the great toe. Ute, to pull the great
toe from the rest.
The name Abductor has been given also to all
those interosseous muscles of the hand and foot,
which perform the motion of abduction on the
fingers or toes, and to muscles which execute the
lame function on other parts of the body.
ABDUMEN, Abdomen.
ABEBiB'OS, from a, neg. and fiifiatos, 'firm/
In/ir'mutf Deb'iUt, Weak, infirm, unsteady.
ABElLLEf Bee.
ABELMELUCH. One of the names of the Rici-
nus, according to some authors. — Prosper Alpinus
■ays that a tree, which grows about Mecca, is so
called. Its seeds, which are black and oblong,
are said to be a most yiolent cathartic.
ABELMOSCUUS, Hibiscus abehnoschua— a.
Mosehatua, Ilibiscus abelmoschus.
ABELMUSK, Hibiscus abelmoschus.
ABENSBERG, MINERAL WATERS OF. A.
is a city of Bayaria, where there is a cold, sul-
phureous spring.
ABERRATIO, Aberration— a. Lactis, Galac-
toplania — a. Mensium, Menstruation, Ticarious —
a. Menstruorum, Menstruation, vicarious.
ABERRA'TION, Abcrra'tio, from aberrarc,
(ab and errare,) 'to stray,' 'to wander from.'
This word has several meanings.
1. The passage of a fluid of the living body
into an order of vessels not destined for it. Jii
this sense it is synonymous with the Error Loci
of Boerhaave.
2. The flow of a fluid towards an organ different
from that to which it is ordinarily directed ; as in
oases of vicarious hemorrhage. Aberrationt of
9ent€ or judgment are certain enrors in the percep-
tions, or certain derangements of the intellectual
fiunilties.
The word is used in optics to designate the dis-
persion of the rays of light in passing through a
lens.
Absbratiov, Chbomatio, Aberration of Re-
firangibility.
ABXRBATioir or RsrBAvaiBiL'xTT, OhromtU'ic
aberra'tionf exists, when, as in a common lens,
the rays that pass near the cireumferenoe of the
lens are decomposed, so that a coloured image is
observed. This aberration in the human eye is
corrected by the Iris, which does not permit the
rays to fiill near the circumference of Uie lens,
and also by the crystalline lens itself, which,
owing to its structure, serves the purposes of an
achromatic glass.
Abebratioh, Sphbbical, Aberration of sphe-
ricity.
Abebration or 6PHEBio"rrT or tpker'teal ab-
erraUion takes place, when the rays, as in a com-
mon lens, which pass through the centre of the
lensj and those which pass near the circumfer-
ence, are unequally refracted, so that they do not
meet at a common focus.
This aberration of sphericity in the human eye
Is corrected by the iris.
ABESSI, Realgar.
ABEVACUA'TIO, Apoc^no'tit, from ab, and
evacuare, 'to>mpty.' An evacuation. A partial
or imperfect eTacuation. By some it is applied
to an immoderate eTacuation. — Kraus.
ABHAL. A fruit well known in India, and
obtained from a species of cypress. It passes for
an emmenagogue.
ABIE8, Pinus picea — a. Balsamea, Pinus bal*
samea.
Abies Balsamitera, Pinus balsamea — a. Ca*
nadensis, Pinus Canadensis — a. Exceba, see Pinus
abies — a. Gallica, Pinus picea — a. Larix, Pinus
larix — a. Pectinata, Pinus picea — a. Picea, Pinus
picea — a. Rubra, Pinus rubra.
ABIGA, Teucrium Chamaepitys.
ABIOSIS, DeatL
ABIOTOS, Conium macnlatum.
ABIRRITA'TION. il6irri«a'tio,from ab, priva-
tive, and irritattOf 'irritation.' This word strictly
means absence or defect of irritation. The disci-
ples of Broussais used it to indicate a pathological
condition, opposite to that of irritation. It may
be considerMl as synonymous with debility,
asthenia, Ac.
ABLACTATIO, Weaning.
ABLASTES, Sterile.
ABLATIO, Extirpation.
ABLEPH'ARUS, from a, privative, and fiXt-
^apov, ' eyelid.' One who has no eyelids.
ABLEPSIA, Cscitas.
ABLUENTIA, Detergents.
ABLU'TION, Ablu'tio, Aponip'tit, Cataclyt*-
mut, from abluere, {ab and otere,) ' to wa^h.' A
name given to legal ceremonies in which the
body is subjected to particular affusions. Ablution
(especially of the extremities) with cold or tepid
water is employed, therapeutically, to reduce
febrile heat Also, the washing by which medi-
cines are separated from the extraneous matters
mixed with them.
ABNORMAL, Abnormons.
ABNORMITY, Anomalia.
ABNOR'MOUS, Abnor'mal, (F.) Anormal,
ttom abf 'from,' wad norma, 'rule.' Not con
fimnable to rule ; irregular.
ABOLI^TION, AboW'tio, destruction or sup«
pression, from ab and lucre (?) 'to wash.' A
word, often employed, especially by the French,
to express the complete suspension of any 8ymp«
tom or frinction. Abolition of the tight, e. g. is
the complete loss of sight.
ABOMA'SUS, Aboma'tum, Enyt'tron, Rennet,
The lowermost or fourth stomach of ruminating
animals.
ABOMINATIO, Disgust.
ABONDANCE, Plethora.
ABORSIO, Abortion.
ABORSUS, Abortion.
ABORTICIDIUM, Foeticide.
ABORTIF, Abortive/
ABORTIFACIENS, Abortive.
ABORTION, Abor'(ut, Abor^eut, Abor'tio, 2>ya«
to'eta aborti'va, Otnoto'cia, Paraey^tit abortitt,
Amblo'tit, AmbU/ma, Ainblot*mut, Ee'bole, Em-
bryoto^ia, JHapk'thora, Eetro'tit, Exambh'maf
Examblo'tit, Ectrot^mot, Apopalle'tit, Apopal'titf
Apoph'thora, Pktkora, Convul'tio u*teA, DtpeT"
di'tio, ( F. ) AvortementyBletture, Miscarriage, from
ah and oriri, ' to rise,' applied to that which has
ariten out of season. The expulsion of the foetus
before the seventh month of utero-geatation, or
before it is viable. The causea of this accident
are referrible either to the mother, and particu-
larly to the uterua ; or to the foetus and its de-
pendencies. The causes, in the mother, may be :
—extreme nervous susceptibility, great debility,
plethora ; hnlty conformation, Ac. ; and it is fre-
quently induced immediately by intense mental
emotion, violent exercise, Ac The causes seated
AMVtPrs
St
ABSUSTUITlfiS
Ib the foBtos are its death, rapture of (be mem-
branes, Ae. It most freqaentlj oecurs between
the 8tli and 12tli weeks of gestation. The symp-
tomi of abortion are : — aterine hemorrbage with
tr without flakes of deeidua, with intermitting
{>ain. When abortion has onoe taken place, it is
extremely apt to reeur in sabseqnent pregnancies
about the same period. Some writers haye caRed
abortion, when it oocnrs prior to three months,
EJimxiom, The treatment mnstTarj according to
the eonsdtntion of the patient and the caases gir-
ing rise to it. In all eases, the horisontal posture
and perfiBct qoietade are indispensable.
Abortion is likewise applied to the product of
an untimely birth, — Abor'tus, Abor'nu, ApcbW-
ma,Apoh*olif Eeblo'nM, Amhlothrid'iony Ectro'ma,
Fntc'tua iwmuUv^rut, Ahortment, (F.) AvortoUf
TO ABORT, Ahorx'ri. To miscarry. (P. )Afmrter.
ABOR'TIVB, Ahort\*9UM, EcboViut, Amblo'H-
evs, Amblotkrid'iumf Ambol'teti*, Phthor'ivt, Apo-
pkikor'iHa, Eetrot'icuSf Aborti/a'^'entf Acyte*-
riu; ErpefletUf Phthiroc'tonfUf Plithoroc' tontu,
Ecbol'icut, Gontrac'tor u'terif AcceUra'tor Part&Sf
Partmrtent, Parturi/a'cient, Eebolic. (F.) Abor-
tif. A medicine to which is attributed the pro-
perty of causing abortion. There is probably
no <Urect a^ent of the kind.
ABORTMENT, Abortion,
ABORTUS, Abortion.
ABOUCHEMENTy Anastomosis.
ABOULAZA, a tree of Madagascar, used, ae-
cording to Flaoourt, in the practice of the coun-
try, in diseases of the heart
AnOUTISSEMENT, SuppuraUon.
AfiRABAX, Abraaax, Abrrtxas, A mystic
term, expressing the number 365, to which the
Cabolistfl attributed miraculous properties.
ABRACADA'BRA : the name of a Syrian
Idol, according to Selden. This word, when
pronounced and repeated in a certain form and
a certain number of times, was supposed to have
the power of curing fevers and preventing many
diseases. It was figured on amulets and worn
ao^ended around the neck.
3 X 1 X 3 "^ X
X 1 X a 1 X
1 X 3 1 X
X a 1 X
J -IX
1 X
K
ABRACALAN, A eabalistlo term to which the
Jews attributed the same virtue as to the word
Abbacadabra.
ABRASAX, Abrabax.
ABRA'SIOK, Abra*9io, Apottyr'ma, Apoxyt^-
flfM4, from ttbradtrtf (ab and radere,) 'to rasp.'
A supevfleial excoriation, with loss of substance,
under the form of small thred*^ in the mucous
membrane of the IntMtines, — (F.) Raeluret den
Boyaitx, Also, an ulceration of the skin, pos-
■e^sing similar characters. According to Vicq
d'Asyr, the word has been used for the absorp-
tion of the molecules composing the various
organs.
ABRATHAK, Artemisia abrotanum.
ABRAXAS, Abrabax.
ABR^VTATION, Abbreviation.
ABE WOT, Prunns Armeniaca.
ABROSIA, Abstinence.
ABEOIANUAf, Artemiaia abrotaniim— a.
Cathsnm, Artemisia abrotanum — a. Mas, Arte-
misia abrotanum.
ABROTONI'TBS, (oivof, 'wine,' understood.)
Wine impregnated with Artemisia Abrotanum or
Southernwood.
ABROTOXUM, Artemisia AbroUnum.
ABRUPTIO, Abduction.
ABRUS PRECATO'RIUS, Liq'uorxce Euth,
Btd Beany Love pecu A small ornamental shrub^
found from Florida to Brazil, as well as in Egypt
and the West Indies; Nat. Ord. LcguminossB.
Sex. Sytt. Monadelphia enneandria; having beau-
tiful scarlet seeds with a black spot The roota
and leaves are sweet mucilaginous demulcents.
The seeds of the American kind are considered
to be purgative and poisonous.
ABSCESS, from ab»cedot (a6#, and eedere,) 'I
depart,' or 'separate from.' Abecee'nte, Abfcee'"
$io, AphUte'eUy Apo$te'ma, Ecpye'ma, Ecpye^exe,
Beeertutf Impoe'thume. (F. ) Abeh, Depot. A col-
lection of pus in a cavity, the result of a morbid
process. See Pyogenia, and Suppuration.
The French have various distinctive terms for
Abscesses.
ABCks CHAUDy ATGUy 80UDA1N, is one
which follows violent inflammation.
ABCJtS FROIDy OHROmQUEy SOROFU^
LEVX, one which is the result of chronic or
scrofulous inflammation.
ABCiS PAR OOXGESTIONy A. diatU^
nque, a symptomatic abscess; one which occurs
in a part at a distance from the inflammation by
which it is occasioned: e. g. a lumbar abeeeee;
in which the inflammation may be in the lumbar
vertebne, whilst the pus exhibits itself at the
groin.
Abscess, Mktastat'ic, Abeee^tta metoHat''
icut, (F.) Abo^ nUtaetatique ; A. eontSeuti/, an
abscess, which forms suddenly, and sometimes
without any precursory signs of inflammation, in
a part of the body remote from one in a state
of suppuration, and without presenting a suffi-
cient reason for its development in the plaoe
which it occupies. It is a consequence of phle-
bitis.
Abscbss, PEnFOEATnro or tbb Lniro, see
Lung, perforating abscess of the— a. Psoas, Lum-
bar abscess — a. Retropharyngeal, see Eetropha*
ryngeaL
Abscessits Capitis Sahguineus NEoivATORuVy
GephalsDmatoma — a. Cerebri, Encephalopyosis —
a. Gangrsenescens, Anthrax — a. QangrsenosuSy
Anthrax — ^a. Lacteus, Mastodynia apostematosa
— A. Lumborum, Lumbar abscess— a. Mammse,
Mastodynia apostematosa — a. Metastaticus, Ab-
scess, metastatic — a. Nudeatus, Fnrunculus — a.
Oculi, Hypopyon — a. Pectoris, Empyema — a.
Pulmonnm, Pneumapostema — a. RenaUs, Ne-
phrapoBtasis— a. Bpirituosus, Aneurism — a. Tho-
racis, Empyema — a. Urinosus, Urapostoma.
ABSCISSIO PR^PUTII, Circumcision.
ABSCIS'SION, Abeeie'io, Abeoie'tio, from aj-
•eidere or abseindere, 'to cut off*,' Aj^'o^,
Apothrau'eie, Biae'opi, Excision or extirpation
of a part, especially of a soft part — FabriciuB
Hildajnus.
Fracture or ii\jnry of soft parts, with loss of
substance. — Uippocrates.
Diminution, or loss of voice. — Celsus.
Sudden and premature termination of a dis-
ease. — Oaleu.
ABSC0N8I0, Sinus.
ABSENCE DU BRUIT BESPIRATOIRJf,
see Murmur, respiratory.
ABSINTHI'TES, a^l^iv^rnsy Ap«i«<*t'fM, Wine
impregnated with Absinthium or Wormwood.—*
Dioaooridef.
ABSIKTHIXTM S8 ACAJOU
■ ^
ABSINTHIUM, (Ph. U. 8.,) Artembis ab- hand, must pass through the chyliferoiu reNeli
iintbium — a. Marinum, Artemisia maritima — a. and thoracic duct.
Haritimnm, Artemisia maritima — a. Ponticnm, Absorption of CoMPOsmoiry see Absorption-
Artemisia pontica — a. Romanum, Artemisia pon- a. Cutaneous, see Absorption — a. of Decomposi-
tica — a. Santonicum, Artemisia santonica — a. tion, see Absorption — a. Digestive^ see Absorp-
Valgaro, Artemisia absinthium. tion — a. External, see Absorption — a. of Excre-
AJiSORBANT, Absorbent mentitial Secreted Fluids, see Absorption— a.
ABSOR'BENT, Ah^or^hena, from ahM<^hert, {ah Int^^al, see Absorption-a. Intestinal, e^-e Ab-
»nd .orhtre,) 'to drink, to suck up.' (F.) Ah. Borption-a. Inter8Utoal,seeAbwrpUon--a. Md
•i^-hant. That which absorbs, o"^ Y'^'^TKh^^^^^V^^^ ^
Absorbent Sy tem is the collection of yessels, X^orp'ti^'-^'of Re^^entitiS Secreted mid^
roira a6*or6en'<.a sen rtMorhen'txa, and glands, gee Absorption-a. Respiratory, see Absorption,
which concur in the exercise of absorption. \ .
A medicine used for absorbing acidity in the ABSTEME, Abstemious,
stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, Ac. In- ABSTEMIOUS, Ah»te'mtu$, AoVno; from ahi,
verteM, Besor'ben*, Sa^urana, 'without,' and temetuMf 'wine.' (F.) Abst^me*
Also, any substance, such as cobweb, sponge. Used by the ancient writers, as well as by the
Ac, which, when applied to a bleeding surface, French, in the sense only of its roots; one who
retains the blood, and forms witii it a solid and abstains from wine or fermented liquors in ge-
adhesive compound, which arrests the hemor- neral.
rhage. ABSTERGENTIA, Detergents.
ABSORPTIO, Absorption— a. Sanguinis, -^SamSHJI4\^5j®5S®°^:
H«morrhophesis. "^ ** a S?JJ?SI v^^' .^'If '^?^ ^ . .r .
ABSORPTION, Re»orp'tio, Inkala^Ho, Jm. .„^^'!^^?,^Sfn'lH ^i';^!:!^'- "' ?'v " V^^
,...,/*• ii. Is' i -/ r la A I / • *na tenere, *to hold,' A6ro«'ta, A«frta, Ximan'-
Uhi"tu>, Ahe^n^tio Anafrl^hi, Anarr^he'^ ^^ . je;,.^J,,^; • jJ^^i . Priiration usually
tar'rlophi ; same etymon! The fiinction of ab- ^f «°t*^' " T^^^^n we sp^ of a6«rt«e,.ce from
sorbent vessels, bv uirtae of which tiiev take un i»^««*«''«» a^^nence from dnnk, Ac. It is more
gr^t di™io». h.v. been »«,e of thi, 4cU^ ^dSS t^nTin^^t IT^., "l^^X.X
1. ExUmal abforplton, or the abnrpt%<m of com- j. ^j"» inflammatorr character
?^'!^;«ril°^n,-^^ ^^? ^^J't'^L^ST. ABSUS, a kind of Lab^C. AUu^mhich
Ibj, matenaU intended for their eompoBtwn ; ^ ^ ^ ^^ j„^ ^ ^ ^ ^. ^
the /aterial. that have to 1^ repUced by'^e ^.Z^^tZ^Tt E^p^!^ '"''^'"' "" "^^
exhalants. **,*!.* ABU'LIA; from a, 'privative,' andiSOTXm'wilL'
By ex«er«aZai«>fyl,^ is meant not only th^^^ Loss of the will, or of volition. ' '^ '
which takes place at the external mirface of tiie ^bU'LICUS same etymon. One who has lost
body, but also that of the mucous membranes of ^^.^ «^«,«, «r «,:ii ^.. ^r ^iun^^
., •','. A.' J • i. TT ^ tne power ot will or or volition,
the digestive and respiratory passages. Hence, / nri'MP Ma.H,^i.o*;««
again, tiie division of external absorption into cw- ^EU^ VE bOl-MEME, Masturbation.
taneou* — retorp'tio cuta'nea seu cuti», inhala'tio ABUTA, Pareira brava.
euHs,—4ntettinal or digettive, and pulmonary or ABU'TILON CORDA'TUM, Sida ahuHlon,
re9pir<Uory, Yellow mallotc. An indigenous plant, common
Intemal absorption Is also subdivided into, from Canada to Mexico, which resembles common
1. Molecular or interttitialf nutriiivtf organic^ or mallow in its medical virtues, being mucilaginous
deeomposingt which takes up from each organ the and demulcent.
materials that constitute it, so that tiie decompo- ABVACUA'TIO, an excessive or colliquative
sition is always in equilibrio with the deposition, evacuation of any kind.
2. The abtorption o/recrementitial teereted Jiuidtf ACACIA, (Ph. U. S.) Acaciss gummi — a. Cate-
snoh as the fluid of serous membranes, synovia, chu, Catechu — a. False, Robinia pseudo-acacii^^
Ac. As these are constantiy exhaled on surfaces a. Germanica, see Prunns spinosa — a. Girafifse, see
which have no external outiet, they would aug- Accacia^ gummi — a. Horrida, see Aeacite gummi
ment indefinitely, if absorption did not remove — a. Indica, Tamarindus — a. Kilotica, see Acaciss
them in the same proportion as that in which they gummi — a. Nostras, see Pninus spinosa — a. Sene«
are deposited. 3. The abtorption of a part of the gal, see Acaciso gummi — a. Vera, see Acaeia> gum-
exerementitial Jluide, as they pass over the excre- mi — a. Zcylonica, Hsematoxylon Campechianua.
lory passages. ACACIA GUMMI, Aea'cia, from an;, 'a
Absorption does not effect the decomposition of point,' so called in consequence of its spines, O,
the body immediately. It merely prepares the Aea'cia Arab'ictB, 0. Arab'ioumy 0, Aeanth'inum,
fluid which has to be eliminated by the secretory G, Leucum, G, Theba'icumf G. Serapio'nie, G.
organs. LamaCf G, Seneffa^ or Seneca, (see Senegal, gum,)
The great agents of external absorption are the Gum Ar'abic, (F.) Gomme Arabique. The gum
veins and chyliferous vessels; of internal absorp- of theAea'cta BenMimo'taIfilot'iea,Aca'cia verOf
tion, probably the lymphatics. In the chylife- Spina ^gyptiaca^ of Upper Egypt, Nat, Ord,
rous vessels and lymphatics the fluid is always Mimosese. Sex, Sget. Polygamia MonoBcia. It
found to possess the same general properties, is in irregular pieces, colourless or of a pale yel-
In them, therefore, an action of elaboration or low colour, hard, brittle, of a shining fracture,
selection must have taken place. The veins, on transparent, soluble in water, and insoluble in
the other hand, seem to exert no selection. Any alcohol, s. g. 1*4317.
fluid, possessing the necessary tenuity, passes It is mucilaginous ; but is rarely used, exrept
through the coats of the vessel readily by imbibi- in pharmacy. Sometimes it is administered alone
Gon, and proceeds along with the torrent of the as a demulcent.
eiroulation. Watery fluids in this manner enter Acacia Horri da and A. Girafftt, of South Afii-
the blood when they iu*e taken into the stomach, ca, yield a good gum.
SobetMioes tbut require digestioui on the other AOAJOU, Anacardium occidentale.
AQAMATUS
99
ACCIDBKTAIi
AcAJUBA OnrxoDTALiSi AoAcardinm oedden-
lale.
Aoal'ttbaViboin'ica, Three-seeded mer'eury.
Order, EttphorbUceee, indigenona, flowering in
Aognsty U said to have expectorant aad diuretic
properties.
ACAM'ATUS, from a, prir., and Ka/iM«» 'I la-
boor.' This word has been sometimes used for
A good constitution of the body. According to
Oalen, it means that position in which a limb is
intermediate between flexion and extension; a
position which may be long maintained without
fatigue.
ACAMPSIA, Gontraetura.
AGAXOSy Onopordium acanthium^
AcAHos SpiSAf Onopordium acantffinm.
AGANTHAy Vertebral column. Also, Spinous
process of a vertebra.
AGANTHAB'OLUS, AeanUhulue, Voltel'la,
from axav^*^ *K spine/ and ^oAXm, * I cast out'
A kind of forceps for removing extraneous sub-
stances from wounds. — Paului of ^gina, Fabri-
elus ab Aquapendente, Soultetus, Ac.
AGAKTHALZUCA, Eohinops.
ACANTHE FAUSSS, Heracleum spondy-
Hum.
AGANTfilUM, Onopordium acanthium.
ACANTnULUS, Acanthabolos.
AGANTHUS MOLLIS, same etymon as Aoa.
oia, MelamphyVlumf Branca urei'na sen rera,
firankur'eine, Bear** Breeeh. (F.) Fied d'ourt.
This plant is mucilaginous like Althaa, and is
used as a demulcent
AGAPATLI, Piper longum.
AGAR'DIA, from a, priv., and KapStm, 'the
heart' The sta^ of a foetus without a heart
AGARDIOTROPHLi, Heart, atrophy of the.
AG'ARIGXDE, from acanu, and C4Bdere, 'to
kilL' A destroyer of acari, — as of the acarus
■cables.
AGARICOBA. The Brazilian name for Ey-
droeot'ffU umbella'tum, used by the Indians as
an aromatic, alexipharmio, and emetic
AGARON, Myrica gale.
AGARP'iB, from a, 'privative,' and mafneos,
'fruit' A division of the family of cutaneous
diseases by Fuchs, in which there is no "fruit,"
(Germ. Frucht,) or production from the cutane-
ous surface — tubercles, vesicles or pustules.
Lentigo, Ghloasmay Argyriay and Pityriasis be-
long to it
AG'ARUS, from a, privative, and jcapn(» 'di-
visible.' A minute insect, one species of which
has been noticed by several observers, in the
itch. The Acanu Sealneif see Psora.
AcABus Giao, see Psora — a. Gomedonum,
Aearus Folliculomm.
Ac'abtts Ghos'sxi. An insect supposed by
Mr. Grosse, of Engluid, to have been developed
in a solution of sHioate of potassa when submitted
to slow galvanic action, for the purpose of obtain-
ing crystals of silex. It did not^ however, prove
to be a new formation.
Acarus Foluculo'bux, EnUno^on FoUieulo'-
rum. Am Oomedo'fwmf Be'modex folliculo'rum,
Simo'nea /oUieulo*rumf SteaUno'on /oUteulo'ruMf
Maerogat^ter plc^jmw. An articulated animal-
cule, discovered in the sebaceous substance of tiie
cutaneous follicles. According to Professor Owen,
it belongs to the Arachnida.
Acarus Scabiri, Acarus, see Psora.
AGATALEP'SIA, from a, privative, and Karm-
Kefiflaifu, *1 comprehend.' Uncertainty in dia-
gnosis. Its opposite is Gatalepsia. — Galen.
AGATAP'OSIS, from a privative, and nra-
ffptfif, 'deglutition.' Incapacity of swallowing.
Vogel has given this name to difficulty of deglu-
tition.
ACATASTAT'IC, Aeatattafiewe, from a, priv.,
and tcaSiertiin, 'to determine.' An epithet given
to fevers, Ac, when irregular in their periods or
symptoms.— Hippocrates.
AGATHAR'SLA, from a, priv., and Ka^aipt^v,
' I purge ;' Sordee, Impurities. Omission of a pur-
gative. — Foesius.
AGATSJAVAL'LI, a Malabar plant, which is
astiiDgent and aromatic A bath of it is used in
that country in eases of hemicrania. It is sup-
posed to be the CaeeytKa filiformie of Linneus.
AGAWERIA, Ophioxylum serpentinum.
ACCABLEMENT, Torpor.
ACCiliRATEUB, Accelerator urinsB.
AGGELERATOR PARTUS, Abortive
Accclera'tor Uri'n<«, Bufbo-caverno'eiutf BuU
ho-uritral — (Gh.) Ejacula'tor Semi'me, Bulho-
eyndeemo-cavemevx, (F.) AccSlfrateur, from ad
and cefer, 'quick.' A muscle of the penis, which
arises, fleshy, from the sphincter ani and mem-
branous part of the urethra, and tendinous from
the cms and beginning of the corpus cavemosum
penis. In its course it forms a thin, fleshy layer,
the inferior fibres of which run more transversely
than the superior, which descend in an oblique
direction ; the muscles of both sides completely
enclosing the bulb of the urethra. It is inserted
into its fellow by a tendinous line running longi-
tudinally on the middle of the bulb. Its use is to
propel the urine or semen forwards.
AGGENT, Sonne vocie, from ad and canere^
eantum, to sing. Inflection or modification of the
voice, which consists in raising or dropping it on
certain syllables.
The accent exhibits various alterations in dis-
ease.
ACCES, Paroxysm.
AGGES'SION. Aceee'eto, from aeeedo, (ad and
eedere,) 'I approach.' The invasion, approach,
or commencement of a disease.
A GOESSOIBE, Accessory— a, du long FUehie-
eeur eommvn dee orteiie: see Flexor longus digi-
torum pedis profundus perforans (accessorins)—
a. de rObturaieur interne, Ischio-trochanterianufl
— a. dupied dC Hippoeampe : see Gomu ammoui«
— a. du Sacro-lombaire : see Sacro-lumbalis.
AGCESSORIUS FLEXOR LONGUS DIGI-
TORUM PEDIS; see Flexor longus digitorum
pedis profundus perforans (accessorius) — a. Pedis
hippocampi; — see Gomu ammonis.
AG'GESSORY, Aeeeeeo'riue, (F.) Aceeeeotre,
Annexe, same etymon. A consequence or de-
pendence on any thing; as aeeeeeory ligament,
muecle, nerve, Ac
AccBBsoRT or TBB Parot'id is a name giyen
by Haller to a small gland, which accompanies
the parotid duct, and is commonly a mere pro-
longation of the parotid itself. See Parotid.
AccBSSoRT ScixHCBS TO Mbdicikb are those
which do not relate directly to the science of
man in a state of health or disease; as physics,
chemistry, Ac.
AccBtsoBT 0¥ thb Pab Yaouv, Spinal nerve.
The term aeeeeeory is also given to several
muscles.
AGGESSUS, Goition.
AGGIDEl^S, Symptoms— a. Ooneeeuti/e, Gon-
secutive phenomena.
AG'GlbENT, Ac'eidene, ftomaeeidere, (ad and
eadcre,) 'to happen.' A casualty; an unforeseen
event The French use the term in nearly the
same sense as eymjOom, It means also an unex-
pected symptom.
AGGIDEN'TAL, Adventi**tioue. That which
happens unexpectedly.
The French give the name Tieeue aecidenteie,
to those adventitious textures, that aro th« result
of a morbid procesB*
ACCIPITBB
Jt
ACETA8
ACCIP'ITER, Hi'erax, \tpm^, 'the hawk/ from chest, and abdomen ; or to thoee which hare aa
occtpere (od and eapio,) 'to taJce.' Meneo'rati* abdomen, but no chest or head.
Accip'iter, (E.) £permer, A bandage applied ACEPHALOS'TOMA, AromapriTatire^vc^fy
over the nose, so called from its likeness to the 'head/ and vrofia, 'mouth.' An acephalous fuetot,
daw of a hawk. at the upper part of which there is an opening
ACCLI'MATED, Clima'H atme'tWf (from ad resembling a mouth,
and clima.) A word of recent introduction from ACEPHALOTHO'RUS, from a privative,
the French, which means 'accustomed to a di- xc^aAi;, 'head/ and ^wpa^,' chest,' ^l>«c<o«ej9A'a/««.
A monster devoid of head or chest.
ACEPU'ALOUS, from a privative, and Kt^aXn,
* head.' A monster bom devoid of head. The
mate.'
ACGLnrATEMEXT, Acclimation.
ACCLIMATION, Sea9'oniny, {¥.) Acclimate-
ment The act of becoming acclimated, or aocus- condition is called Acepha'Ua,
tomed to a climate. ACER, Acrid.
The constitution of a person, who goes to live Acer Palicifoliux, A. Saccharinnm.
in another and a very different climate, usually Acer S^CHARi'irrv, A, palmi/o'lium. Maple,
experiences changes, which are frequently of an Sugar Maple. (F.) Arable. This tree contains
nnfavourable character, and the study of which a large amount of sweet sap, whcnc« a conaider-
b of conxiderable importance in medicine. able quantity of sugar may bo extracted. When
ACCOM'PANIMENT, Adjun'etion. (F.) Ac- purified, this sugar can scarcely be distinguished
eompngncmentf {compagnon, 'an associate.') That from that obtained from the cane. — See Saccha-
which is joined to any thing. mm.
Accomp<initnent to the eafaroef is a whitish, Acera'tes Loxairo'LlA, Long-leaved green
viscid suhbtance, which sometimes surrounds the Milkweed / Order, Asclepiadacese ; indigenons,
opake crystxilline, and remains after the operation flowering in June and July ; has tiie properties
for cataract, causing a secondary cataract. of the order. See Asclepias.
ACCOCCHUe, Puerpera. ACERATO'SIS, from a privative, and npat,
ACCOUCHEMENT, Parturition— a, Labori- 'hom.* Defective development of the corneous
ons, Dystocior— a. Oontre nature, sec Presentation,
preternatural — a. Lahorieux, Laborious labour.
ACCOUCHEUR, (P.) Adju'tor Partue, Oh-
etet'rieane, Ob»tetri"ciu», Maieu'ter, Maieu'tee,
lie who practises the art of midwifery. A phyei-
cian-Aceoucheur, a Surgeon-Aceoucheur, a Man-
midtti/e, Ac.
ACCOUCHEUSE, Midwife.
ACCOUPLEMENT, Coition.
AOCOUTUMANCE, Habit
ACCRE'TION, Acere'tio, from ad, 'to/ and
ereecere, 'to increase." Augmentation; also, in-
crease by juxtaposition.
AOCEOISSEMENT, Increase.
ACCUSATIO, Indication.
ACE'DIA, Ineu'ria, from «, privative, and
Kniof, 'care.' Want of oare, neglect. Also, fa-
tigue. — Hippocrates.
ACELLA, AxUla.
ACENINOSUS, Curative.
ACEOGNOSIA, Pharmaco^nosia.
ACEOLOOIA, Materia Medica.
ACEPHALIA, see Acephalous.
AGEPH'ALOBRACHUS, from a,
KtfmX^t 'head,' and 0paj^tw9, 'arm.'
without head or arms.
ACEPllALOCHI'RUS, from «, privative, «-
fak^t 'head,' and j(u^ 'hand.' A foetus without
head or hands.
ACEPH'ALOCYST, Aeepkalocife'tie, from m,
privative, Kc^oAiy, 'head,' and gvcrtt, 'bladder.'
A hydaUform vesicle, without head or visible
organs, ranked amongst the Entosoa, although
possessed of few animated characteristics. In no
organ of the body are acephalooysts so frequently
found as in the liver. Generally it is the 'mul-
tiple acephalocyst,' A. eacia'lie sen proli/'era,
which is met with. At times, however, it is the
'solitary acephalocyst,' A. eremi'ta sen •ter'ilie.
The aeephalocgetie endog"eHa has a firm coat,
and is composed of different layers, which have
tissue.
ACERB', Acer'lnu, Stryphnoe,
from
privative,
A foetus
accTf
' sharp.' A savour, or taste, compounded of th6
acid, bitter, and astringent; such as is met with
in unripe fruits, Ac
ACER'CUS, from a privative, and rc^re;, 'a
tail.' A monster devoid of Udl.---Ourlt
ACE'RIDBS, Acero'dee, firom a privative, and
Ktfpos, ' wax.' Plasters devoid of wax. — Galen.
ACERODES, Aoerides.
ACERO'SUS, Achyro'dee, Pithyrt^nue, from
<^X^f^^f * chaff.' Fvrfara'ceoue, An epithet used
by Hippocrates, for the coarsest bread, made of
flour not separated from the chaff. — Fob'sius.
ACERVULUS CEREBRL See Pineal Gland
— a. Glandnlus Pinealis, see Pineal Gluid.
ACES'CENCY, Aceneen'tia, from aceecere, 'to
grow sour/ (a«ic, 'a point,' aeer, 'sharp.') A dis-
position to acidity. The humourists believed thai
the animal humours are susceptible of this change.
ACBSIA, Cure.
ACESIS, Cumtlon, Cure, Medicament
ACESMA, Medicament
ACESMIUS, Curable.
ACESMU8, Cure.
ACESODYNES, Anodyne.
ACESOPHORUS, Cumtive.
ACESTER, Phvsician.
ACESTIS, Medicament
ACESTOR, Physician.
ACESTORIA, Medicine.
ACESTORIS, Midwife.
ACESTOS, Curable.
ACESTRA, Needle.
ACESTRIA, Midwife.
ACESTRIS, Midwife.
ACE8TRUM, Medicament
ACETA MEDICATA, Acotica.
ACETABULA UTERINA, Cotyledons.
ACETA B'ULUM, fh)m aeetum, 'vinegar/ be-
cause it resembles the old vinegar vessel, orv"
numbers of smaller hydatids within them, and haph'ion, A measure capable of containing the
are thrown off from Uie interior of the parent eighth part of a modem pint Athenseus. Galen.
See Cotyloid. According to Castelli, the lubes or
cotyledons of the placenta of ruminating animals
have been so called.
AcRTABULFM, Cotylo, Cotyloid — a. Humeriy see
Glenoid — a. Marinum, Umbilicus marinns.
ACETA'RIA, same etymon. A salad or
cyst This species has hence been termed en-
aogena, to distingubh it from the A. exog"ena
of ruminant animals, in which the young vesicles
ore developed from the exterior of the parent
▼esicle. — See Hvdatid.
ACEPHALOGAS'TER, ArAorocoeepA'afiM,
from a privative, rc^oAf , ' head,' and yavrrip, ' the pickle.
htUj/ A name given to monsten devoid of head, ACETAS, Acetate.
AORATI
41
AOHBIR
AC'ETATB, Aet'taM. A ult formed by the
union of the acetio acid with an alkaline, earthj,
or metaUic base. The acetates chiefly used in
medicine are the aoetates of ammonia, lead,
potaeby and sine.
ACK'TICA, AeeUa Ifediea'ta, (F.) Vinaiyre*
Mfdiciuaujc. Phannaoeutical preparations of
Tinegar.
ACE'TIOUM AC'IDUAT, Acidum Ae0ftieum
for^tiuM, A. A./oriif A. Aet'tieumpurum, Aee'tam
radica'lif Oxo*, Ace^tie Acid, Stramff Aee'totu
Acid, Acidum Aceto'tum fortl, Bad'i^al Vin'e^ar,
Sfnr'itiu Ven'erit {when made from verditfrUy)
dpirit of Verdigrie, Coneentrated acetic acid,
prepared bj decomposing an acetate and receiv-
ing the acetic acid by distillation, has a very
pungent and grateful odour, and an acid and
acrid taste. Its s. g. is about 1.046, and it is
▼ery Yolatile.
It is stimulant, rubefacient, and esoharotio, and
is applied to the nostrils in syncope, asphyxia*
headache, ftc. It destroys warts.
An Aromaiie Spirit of Vinegar, A^'idumAee'^
ticum (hmpkora'ttamf A. aeeto'tum eamphara'tum,
is formed of this etrong acid, Jvj, Oamphorf |^bb,
CH. Oaryoph. gtt. XT.
A strong Acetic Acid was ordered by the Lon-
don phArmaoopoeia prepared from wood. It was
oalied Vinegar of teood. Improved dietiUed Vine-
gar, Pyrolig' neotu Acid f Ace' turn Lignafrum, and
Its s^ngth was such, that 87 gr. of crystallised
■ubcarbonate of soda should saturate 100 grains
of the acid.
Ae"\dum Ace*tieum Dilu'tum, A. A. fen'ttl, Aee^-
tum deetiUa'tum, Aeidum aee'ticum, Aeidum aceto'-
mim deetUla'tum, Aeidum ae^Hcum dehiViue, Die-
titled vin'egar, (F.) Adde Aeitiqne faible, Vi-
naigre diHiUi, is prepared by distilling rinesar,
antU scTen-eighths have passed over. An Aet-
dwm aeeticum dilutufn. Diluted acetic aeidy is
made by mixing half a pint of the strong aoetie
•^d with five pints of distilled water. — ^pL U. 8.
Its properties are like those of vinegar.
AcBTicuM Maktialb, Fcrri Aoetas.
ACETONE, from aeefffm,' vinegar.' ^hVOms
pgro-ae^tieue ligno'eue, Pgro-ace'tic epirit, Pgro-
aeeftie, Ether, Meeitfic Al'eohol, Bihydraie of
Meei^glene ; erroneously called Naphtha and
Wood Naphtha. A limpid, colourless liquid,
having a peculiarly penetrating and slightly em-
gyreumatac odour. Its density in the liquid state,
\ almost the same as that of alcohol, 0.7021. Its
taste is disagreeable, and analogous to that of
peppermint. It, is misoible in all proportioni
with water, alooliol, and ether. It may be pre-
pared by distilling a mixture of two parts of
crystallised acetate of lead and one part of qidok-
lime in a salt-glase Jar (gray-beard,) the lower
part of the jar being coated with fire-clay ; and
a bent glass tube, half an inch in diameter,
adapted to the mouth by a cork, so as to form a
distillatory ^paratus. The jar is supported on
the mouth of a small ftimaoe, by which the lower
part only is heated to redness, and the vapours
are conducted into a Liebig's condenser. The
product is repeatedly redistilled from quicklime,
mntil its boilmg point is constant at 182®.
It has been brought forward as a remedy in
phthisis pulmonalis; but evidently with un-
founded pretensions. It is an excitant, and may
be serviceable in chronic bronchitis. The dose
is ten to forty drops three times a day, diluted
with water.
ACETOSA ALPINA, Rumex alpinus — a.
Koetras, Rumex acetosa — a. Pratensis, Rumex
aoeiosa — a. Romana, Rumex scutatus — a. Ro-
tondifolia, Rumex scutatus — a. Scutats^ Rumex
Vnlgari^ Rumex aoetou.
ACETOSBLLA, Oxilis aeetosena.
ACE'TUM, •(«(, Oays, Aeetum Vini, A. BrU
ton'ntciim. Common Vinegar, Aeidum aceto'tumf
A'Ugar, Aee'Unm Oerwia'ia, (F.) Vinaigre ; fitim
aKif, * a point,' aeer, * sharp.' A liquor obtained
by the acetous fermentation. Vinegar has a pun-
gent odour, and a pleasant acid taste. One fluid
ounce of the Acetom of the United States Phar-
macopoeia is saturated by about 35 grains of
crystalUsed biearbonate of soda. It is refrigerant
in fevers; antiseptic, and anti-narcotic; and ex-
ternally is stimulant and discntient
Vinegar Whey is made by stirring a smsll
wineglassftd of vtfie<^r, sweetened with a dessert
spoonlVil of eugar, in a pint of milk ; boiling for
fifteen minutes, and straining. Like tamarind
whey it is an agreeable drink in febrile afi'ections.
Acs'tuv Abom at'icum, Aeidum Ace' ticum Aro^
maVicum, Ace'tum Theriaea'li, A. quatttor furumj
Thieved Vinegar, Vinegar of the four Thievee,
Mareeillee Vinegar, (F.) Vinaigre Aromatique,
F. dee ouatre tfoleurw, {Roriemarin. caeum, rice.,
FoL Saiviet sing. ^j. Lavand. fior. eicc, ^iv. C%r.
ryoph, eonU Xbs. Acid. Aeet, Oy. Macerate 7 days,
and filter. — Ph. E.) Odour, pungent and aroma-
tic. Used as a perflime.
AcBTUM BRiTAiTNicrx, Aoctum.
Acb'tuv Cantbar'idiB, Vinegar of Cantha^
ridee, {Oantharid. in pulv. Jilj. Acid, aeet, f §v.,
Acid, pvrolign, f^^v: Euphorlr, in pulv. crass,
^ss. Mix the acids; add the powders; macerate
for seven days; strain; express strongly, and
filter the liquor. — Ph. E. The London College
macerates eantharid, Jij in acid. aeet. Oj. for
eight days; expresses and strains.) It is used
as a prompt vesicant.
Aob'tum Col'cbici, Vinegar o/ meadow eaffron,
{Colehie, rad, eontue, ^ij ; Acid, aeetie. ditut. sen
Ae€t. deetillat. Og ; Ph. U. S. 1851. It may also
be made by displacement) It is used as a diu-
retic, and also in gout. Dose f !^ss. to ^iss.
AcETUM Dbstillatuv ; see Aeeticum aeidum
— a. Lignorum : see Aeeticum aeidum — a. Mnl-
sum dulee, Oxyglycus — a. Opii, Outtie Nigne—
a. Quatuor fhrum, Acetnm Aromatieum — a. Ra^
dicale, Aeeticum Aeidum — a. Rosatum Osyrrho-
dinon.
AcBTUM ScilXJl, Aeidum Aee'ticum Scillit'^
ieum. Vinegar of SquilU, (F.) Vinaigre eeillim
Hque, {ScilUB contus. ^iv; Ac«(. deeiillat. OiJ;
Ph. U. 8. It may also be made by displace-
ment.) Diuretic, expectorant, and emetic. Dose
f ^ss to 5U u A diuretic and expectorant.
AcETUM Tbbriacalx, Aoctum aromatieum.
ACETTE DB SAL. A remedy for broncho-
cele used in S. America. Roulin found it to con-
tain a portion of iodine.
ACHACANA. A Bpedes of cactus, in the pro*
vince of Potosi in Peru. Its root is thick and
fleshy, and of a conical shape. It is a good edi-
ble, and is sold in the markets of the country.
ACHANACA. A plant of the kingdom of
Mely in AfricA. It is used by the natives as an
antisyphilitic
ACHAOVAN, a speciefl of Egyptian chamo-
mile. — Prosper Alpinus.
ACHAOVAN-ABIAT. The Egyptian name
of Cineraria martttma, used in female diseases.
ACHAR, Atohar.
ACHE, Apium graveolens — o. dee Montagnee^
Ligusticnm levisticum.
ACHEFLIA, Aehi'Ua, from a, priv.,and x^^^^f
' lip.' A malformation, consisting in a deficiency
of a Up or lips.
ACHEI'LUS, Aehi'lue, same etymon. On«
who is without lips.
ACHEIR, Aehir, De'mwnma, frq^iprivatlvc^
and x^h 'band.' One di roid of4HBAB.6aleM
ro^M.pnvat
rvHU^a
ACHEIBIA
4S
AdB
ACHEI'RIA, Achi^ria: sam^ etymon. The
gtate of being devoid of hands.
ACHEROIS, Populua.
ACHIA, Achiar, A name giren in India to
the pickled shoots of the bamboo.
A<:hia, Atchar.
ACniAR, Achia.
ACUIC'OLUM, Aehit'oltu, Hidrote'rum, Su-
da'rinmf Fornix, Tholua, Sudato'rium, The
gweatin^-room in the ancient bagnios.
ACHILIA, AcheUia.
ACHILLE'A AQE'RATVM, A.Vi»eo'$a,Bal-
9ami'ta/<£lniH'eaJ Eupato'rium ices'cjes, Age'ra-
tufHrj Coi'tui horto'rum minor. Maudlin, MaudRn
TuMey ; (F.) AchilUe Vitqueuse; Nat. Ord.
Composit^e ; Sub. Ord. AnthemidesB ; /Sex. Sy$U
Syngene^ia Polygamia superflua, — has the same
properties as tanscy, bitter and aromatic, and is
used in like affections.
Achille'a Atra'ta, Btrha Oen'ipi vert, (F.)
AchilUe Xoire, has similar virtaes.
Achille'a Millefo'lium, Achille'a Ifyrto-
£hyVlon, Chrunoe'oma, MilUfo'lium, ChiliophyV'
n, LumbuH Ven'eri; Common Yarrow or Mil-
foil, (F.) MilU/eutlle, The leaves and flowers
nave an aromatic smell, and a rough, bitterbh,
somewhat pungent taste. They have been used
in dyspepsia, flatulence, Ac. An extract of the
plant, made with proof spirit, has been called
AchilleVnum; and is used by the Italians in in-
termittent fever.
Achille'a Ptar'mica, Peeudo-py'rethrum,
Py'rethrum tylvce'tri, Draco eylvee'trie, Tarehon
tylve$tna, Sternntamento'ria, JDracun'culua Pra-
ten'eii, Sneexe-wort, Bastard PeVlitory, Ptar'mxca,
(F.) Ilerhe d iternuer. The roots and flowers
have a hot, biting taste, approaching that of py-
rethrum. Their principal use is as a masticatory
and sialogogue.
Achillea Viscosa, A. Ageratum.
ACHILLAS NOIRE, Achillea atrata— o.
Vitifnen**, Achillea ageratum.
ACHILLEINUM, see Achillea Millefolium.
ACillLLE'IS. A beautiful species of barley,
mentioned by Theophrastus and Galen, called
after Achilles, a labourer. The decoction was
used in fevers and jaundice. — Hippocrates.
ACHIL'LIS TENDO, Funie Hippoc'ratis,
Corda seu Chorda Hippoc'ratis, Corda magna,
Nervue latue, (F.) Tendon d*Achille, The strong
tendon of the gastrocnemii muscles above the
heel : so called, because it was the only vulnera^
ble part of Achilles, or becaose of its strongUi.
See Tendon.
ACHILUS, Acheilus.
ACUIMB ASSL An archiater or chief of phy.
flicians. A name given, at Orand Cairo, to a
zoagistrftto who licenses physicians.
ACHIR, Acheir.
ACIIIRIA, Acheiria.
AGHITOLUS, Achioolnm.
ACIILYS, Caligo.
AGTIMELLA, Spilanthns acmella.
ACIINE. Lint See Linteum. Also, small
mncons floccuU seen in front of the cornea. —
nippocrates.
ACHOL'IA, from a, privative, and x«H ' hile.'
Deficiency or want of bile.
ACU'OLUS : same etymon* One defloient in
bUe.
ACHOR, Porrigo larvalis.
ACUO'RES. A term often employed by the
ancients to designate both enuta Uzc'tea, uid
small superficial ulcerations on the skin of the
face and head. 8ee Porrigo Larvalis.
AcHORBS Capitis, Porrigo scutulata.
ACHORION SCUONLEINL See Porrigo &-
ACHORIS'TUS, from a, priv., and x<«^^»y 'I
separate.' Any sign which necessarily accompa-
nies a state of health or disease.
ACHOUROU. The Caraib name for a species
of myrtle used in dropsy.
AGHRAS AUSTRALIS, Sapotar-a. Sapota,
Sapota — a. Zapota, Sapota.
AGHROI, Achromatic ti, Aehro'mati, Achro'mi,
from a, privative, and x'^P^f * colour.' Pale indi-
viduals. — Hippocrates. It is nearly synonymous
with Xcf^oi/ioi, Uipha'mia, persons without colour;
bloodless.
AGHROMASIA, Decoloration.
AGHROMATI, AchroL
AGHROMAT'IG, Achromafieu* ; same etymon.
A lens, so constructed as to correct the aberration
of refrangibility of common lenses, is so termed.
The Cryetalline is an achromatic lens.
AGUROMATISTI, Achroi.
A G H R M A TOPSIA, Chromatopeeudop'tiOj
Ohromatometablep'tia, Dytchromatop'aia, Para-'
chro'ma, Parora'sie, Visue de'color, Colour blind*
ne»8, Idiop'tcy, Dal'toniem, from a, privative, X9*^'
fta, 'colour,' and oKTo/tai, *I see.' Incapability of
distinguishing colours ; a defect situate in the ce-
rebral part of the visual organ. Persons so cir-
cumstanced have been termed by Mr. Whewell,
Idiopte. See Acyanoblepsia and Anerythropsia.
AGHROMI, AchroL
AGHYLO'SIS, from a, privative, and ;^oXof,
'juice, chyle.' Defective ohylosis or formation
of chyle.
AGHYMO'SIS, from a, privative, and xeftog,
'juice, chyme.' Defective ohymifioation.
AGHYRODES, Aoerosus.
AGHYRON, Furfur;
A'GIA, from axu, a point A word nse4 bj
Celsus, which has puzxled commentators, — some
believing it to have meant a needle ; others the
tiiread; and others, again, the kind of suture.
"Acta mollis, non nimit torta," — Gelsus, Galen.
(Ghifflet thinks it meant the thread. — ^Antwerp,
1638.)
ACID, Ae"idM, Oxyt, (F.) Aeide, Aigre, from
oExif, 'a point;' sharp; sour; especially as ap-
plied to odorous or sapid substances. The French
also use the term aigre, when referring to the
voice, in the sense of sharp and shrill : — as une
voix aigre, vox aepera.
Acid, Acetic, Aceticnm acidnm — a. Acetic,
dilute, see Aceticnm acidum.
Acid, Acbtous, Strong, Aceticnm acidnm
— a. Aerial, Carbonio acid — a. Antimonious,
Antimonium diaphoretioum — a. Arsenious, Arse-
nicum album — a. Auric, see Gold — a. Azotic, Ni-
tric acid — a. Bensoio, Benjamin, flowers of — a.
Boric, Boracio acid — a. Calcareous, Carbonic acid
— a. Carbonaceous, Carbonic acid — a. Carbonous,
Oxalic acid — a. Chromic, see Chromic acid— «.
Citric, Citric acid — a. Cyanhydrio, Hydrocyanic
acid — a. Cyanohydric, Hydrocyanic acid — a.
Gastric, Gastric juice.
Acid, Gallic, Ac"idum Oall'ieum. (F.) Acid^
Oallique. This acid is found in most of the astrin-
gent plants that contain tannic acid of the kind
obtained from galls. It is in delicate silky nee-
dles, usually somewhat yellowish, inodorous, and
of a harsh, somewhat astringent taste. It dis-
solves in one hundred parts of cold and three
parts of boiling water. It is very soluble in alco-
hol, and but sUghtiy so in ether.
It has been highly extolled in internal hemor-
rhage, especially from the urinary organs and
uterus. Dose from ten to twenty grains.
The last Pharmacopoeia of the United States
(1851) directs it to be made by exposing a thin
paste of poicdered gall* and distilled water for a
month, adding the water from time to time to pre-
ACIDE AOiriQUE FAIBLB
ACIDUM ACBTICUH
lerre the oonaistenoa ; expressing the peste ; boil-
ing the residue in.distUled water; filtering tlffongh
on»sMi2 ckareoalj end crystallising.
AciDf Hippv'bic, Ac"idum Hippv,'r%eum, Uro-
hen'zoic aeid. An acid found in tne nrine of gra-
miniToroos animals. It is contained in human
urine, especially after bensoio add has been taken.
See Uiptiuria.
Acid, HrniaoD'ic, Acf'idum Eydriod'ieum.
This acid is made by mixing solutions of iodide
of potassium and tartaric acid; filtering Uie liquor
to separate the bitartrate of potassa, and adding
water to make the resulting hydriodio acid of de-
finite strength.
It has been used in the same eases as the pre-
parations of iodine in generaly but is rarely em-
ployed.
Acid, Htdbochlobonitbic, Nitro-muriatic acid
— «. Hydrocyanic, Hydro<7anio aeid — a. Hydro-
cyanic, dilute, see Hydrocyanic acid — a. Hydro-
sulphuric, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Hydrothi-
onic, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a. Igasuric: see
Jatropha curcas.
Acid, Iodic, Ac^'tdum Jod'ieum, (V.) Acide
lodiqu*. This is obtained by boiling iodine
with nitric aeid; or by decomposing iodate of
ftaryto by dilute tulpknric aeid. It is a white,
transparent solid, slightly deliquescent, and very
■oluble in water. It has been giren with sulphate
of quinia in hoarseness, scrofula, incipientphthisis,
ehronie inflammation, syphilis, Ac Dose three to
fix grains, or more.
Acid or Lbmoits, Citric acid — a. Lithio, Uric
acid — a. Dephlogisticated marine, Chlorine —
a. Mephitic, CarlK>nio acid — a. of Milk, LacUo
acid — a. MuriaUo, see Muriaticum acidum — a.
Huriatic, dilute, Muriaticum acidum — a. Ni-
tric, see Nitric add — a. Nitric, dilute, see Nitric
Add — a. Nitro-hydroohloric, Nitro-muriatio acid
—a. Nitro-Muriatic, see Nitro-Muriatic Acid — a.
Nitrous, dephlogisticated, Nitric acid — a. Oxysep-
lonic, Nitric acid — a. Polygalic: see PolygiJa se-
nega — a. Prussic, Hydrocyanic add — a. Pyrolig-
neona : see Aceticnm addum — a. Pyrolignic, Py-
roUgneons acid — a. of Sorrel, Oxalic acid — a. of
Sugar, Oxalic acid — a. Sulphuric, see Sulphuric
add — a. Tannic, Tannin — a. Uric, Uric acid — a.
Urobenzoic, A. Hippurio— a. Urous, Uric oxide—
a. Urylic, Uric acid — a. Okromiqve, Chromic add.
ACIDE AO^TIQUE FAIBLE, see Aoetieum
addum — a. Boraciq^, Borado add — ck Chro-
miqme, Chromic add — a. OaUique, Add, gallic
—a. NjfdroetfanimUf Hydrocyanic acid — a.
Hydrotul/urique, Hydrogen, sulphuretted — a.
lodioHtf Add, iodic — a. Laetiquef Lactic acid—
a. Nitrique, Nitrio add-— a. Photphoriqne, Phos-
phoric add-— a. Prtutique, Hydrocyanic add— a.
Sul/ureuxj Sulphurous aeid— <i. £M/urique, Sul-
phuric acid~><k Std/uriqmt delayi, Sulphnricnm
addum dilotum— a. Tanniqne, Tannin.
ACIDITATIO, Acidities.
ACID'ITIES, Aeo'fM, Ae%dUa*Ho, Ae*idum
«Mr6o'««m, Atf*idw$i prima'rwm eta'msi, Oanfte«,
Sard— oie^'idm. (F.) Aigrtmr^, Sourness of the
stomach, the result of indigestion, indieated by
add eructations, Ac. The affection is yery com-
Bon in children, and must be obviated by absorb-
•nts, as magnesia, ohalk, Ac, and by regulated
diet
ACEDOLOQ'^IA, from omr, 'apoint» a sharp
instrument,' and Xeyof, 'a description.' A de-
•eription of surgical instruments.
ACIDOM'ETER, {1^,) Aeidomitre, Pite^aeidt,
from octcf, and lur^v, mMSttre. A hydrometer
for determining the density of adds.
ACIDS, Ae"ida, Aeo^ret, are Uquid, solid, or
gaseous bodies, possessed of a sour, more or less
oaiistio taste, sad the prindpal diaraoter of which
is the capability of saturating, wholly or in par^
the alkaUne properties of bases.
Adds, in general, are refrigerent and antisep-
tic Their particular uses are pointed out under
the individual articles.
To ACID'ULATB. (F.) Aiguiser, Aciduler.
To render acidulous, or slightly acid.
ACID'ULOUS, Aeid'uluM, Oxo'det, OxoVdet.
(F.) AddiiUf AigrtUt, Substances are so called
which possess a souxish taste, as tamarinds, cream
of tartar, Ac.
Acidulous Frutts. Oranges, gooseberries, Ac
Acidulous Waters, Aqua Acidula, Mineral
waters containing carbonic acid gas sufficient to
render them sourish. See Waters, minenU.
Acidulous Water, Simple, Aqna Ac'*idi Car-
hon*iei, (Ph. U. 8.) Aqua a'erinfixif Aqua aeid'"
ula timplex, Liquor sen Aqua aoda tfftrvti^ceiu.
Aqua Uarbona'ti* Soda <xeid'ulaf Soda vattTy Mi-
nerai water f (F.) Eau Acidule eimple, is water
impregnated with fixed air.
Water, so impregnated, is cooling, and slightly
stimulating. It is used beneficially in dyspepsia,
and in cases of vomiting, Ac.
ACIDUM ACETICUM, Aceticum addom— a.
Aceticnm aromaticum, Acetum aromaticam — a.
Aceticum oamphorntum : see Aceticum acidum-—
a. Aceticum dilutum : see Aceticum Acidum — a.
Aceticum empyreumaticum, Pyrollgncous acid —
a. Aceticum Scilliticum, Acetum scillie — a. Ace-
tosollee, Oxalic acid — a. Acetosum, Acetum — a.
Allantoicum, Allantoic acid — a. Amnicum, Am-
niotic add — a. Arsenicosum, Arsenious acid— a.
Arseniosum, (Ph. U. S.) Arsenious acid — a. Ace-
ticum, Nitric Acid — a. Benzoicum, Benjamin,
Flowers of— a. Boracicum, Boradc acid — a. Bo-
mssicum. Hydrocyanic acid — a. Carbonicum,
Carbonic acid — a. Citricum, Citric acid — a. Gal-
lioum, Acid, gallio— a. Hydriodicum, Acid hydri-
odic— a. Hydrocarbonicum, Oxalic acid — a. Hy-
drochloricum, Muriaticum acidum — a. Hydrocy-
anioum. Hydrocyanic acid — a. Hydrocyanicum
dilutum, see Hydrocyanic Acid — a. Hydrothionl-
cum liquidum, see Hydrosulphuretted water — a.
lodicqpAf Add, iodic — a. Jatrophioum, see Jatro-
pha Purees — a. Lactienm, Lactic acid — ^a. Lij^e-
um, Pyroligneous acid— -a. Ligni pyro-oleosum,
Pyroligneous acid — a. Lithicum, Uric acid — a.
Marinum concentratum, Muriaticum acidum — a.
Morbosum, Acidities — a. Muriaticum, Muriaticum
addum — a. Muriaticum dilutum. Muriatic acid — a.
Muriaticum nitroso-oxygenatum, Nitro-muriatio
add — a. Nitri, Nitrio acid — a. Nitricum, Nitrio
acid — a. Nitricum dilutum, Nitric acid — a. Nitro-
Muriatioum, Nitro-muriaUc acid — a. Oxalinum,
Oxalic acid — a. Phosphoricum, Phosphoric acid
—a. Primarum viarum, Acidities — a. PrusMeum,
Hydrocyanic add — a. Pyro-aceticum, Pyroligne-
ous add — a, Pyrolignosum, Pyroligneous acid—
a. Pyroxylicum, Pyroligneous acid — ^a. Qnerd-
tannlcum. Tannin — a. Sacchari, Oxalic acid — a.
Saccharinum, Oxalic acid — a. Sails, Muriaticum
acidum — a. Sails culinaris, Muriaticum acidum—
a. Sails marini, Muriaticum acidum — a. Septicum,
Nitrio add — a. Sucdnicum, Succinic acid — a. Sul-
phuricum, Sulphuric acid — a. Sulphuricum alcoo-
lisatum. Elixir acidum Halleri — a. Sulphuricum
aromaticum, Sulphuric acid, aromatic — a. Sul-
phuricum dilutum, Sulphuric add, diluted — a.
Sulphuris volatile. Sulphurous acid — a. Sulphu-
rosicura, Sulphurous Acid — a. Tannicum, Tannin
— a. Tartari essentiale, Tartaric acid — a. Tartari-
cum, Tartaric acid — a. Tartarosum, Tartaric acid
— a. Uricum, Uric acid — a. Urolithicum, Urio
add — a. Yitriolieum, Sulphuric acid — a. VitrioU-
oum aromaticum, Sulphuricum acidum aromati-
cum— a. Yitriolieum alcohole aromaticum, Sol-
phurioom acidum aromatieam — a. VitrioUouM
S^
ACIDUttQIA. Sorgsry (opwatiTfc)
AVIKtt, CIi»ljb3.
ACIBS. Cli«lyb»— fc Digitoram mmM, Phs-
luiiics of tho fiBicrt— n. Diunii, HemeralopiB.
ACISE'rilA, J^i^'n*. Jt.W«a, Im^bif
•u, tfuiw, Krqnia, Jt^iiio'lio, £.,r*'.-<i, Ertm'i.
move' Rett. Immobility. Alto. Uio inlervi
between tUe »j»tole ud diutole of tbc tiMM-
FoTatyt'toli.
0nder tha term ^rinctUi Remberg in-iladu
lbs pariljrtic oeurosix, or Ihow IfaU an cbme-
Mri'nl bj di'fecl of motirs pow«r.
ACINI OF MALPHIHI, Curpon Mllp'^hiul.
ACINIFORMIf! (TUNICA) Choro-.d, H^efc
AC"ISU3, Jc'-iBM j^onJnto'nu. froQ ae"i«u.
' a pupe-Jilonc.' A afanrfi/onn ioryirte(« or prn
■u/dlion, in which BccrctioQ wu mppuMd to tali
phtee. ind lbs eiorctory radinle to kriie. Acii
ue the gloh'Hli artcria'ram Mr'niiii of Nicholi. '
The tana ue"iii> glaadulo'ri hu tint been given
to gUndi, vhich, Ulte the puicreai, us uruiged
M it were in duaten. See Lobole.
ACIFEXSER, eee IchUijotoll*.
AC 1 1' R 01 A, Surtterj, (oporBlive.)
ACLKITROCARMA, Cj»nopathy.
ACMAS'TICUS, from »^i, 'the tap,'and imiK,
degree of inlensity ibroaahout its course. It ii i
■ita called Bomofaaot. The Greeki gave it tba
n*ma of £>>acwo.'(icoi, end SgH'orko; when it
It deereuwd.— Oalen.
ACMg. Vigor, Cot-aplH, ftilufna'do, »o(M,
"---'-"'- "■— -Biiod of * diie»»e Mwhich
Mt Tiolent. Arcii, ifxn- u
period of inereeee ;' >ad aanl, aim, ' the belgfat.'
ACMELLA, Spiluithiu KmeUk— ^ Uwiriti.
mm, Bpilanthni acmella.
ACKOK, Inciu.
ACHE, Acta, lon'tiia tarv,7aTU4, Pnira'cic
Jne, Alone />«*, Witii, BubnrU, (F.) Darirt
piutHhuat diiilmMe, A email pimple or taber-
ele on Ibe tace.—Oorrmat. Foeilaa thiuki the
word an|;ht Ut be Armt; and, iccnrdliig to Cu-
■ins, it ie, at all STenta, derived from aiiii, ' tI-
gonr;' the disease aflecting thoee in the vigom-
the eyinptom
icially.
n iiiaa and Belemi
their Nosology of cni
it in the Order, Tcbr
of time, and eomatimei enppHra
partially. They nnnally appeni
tamples and thin, and ate oommi
ACOPIB
ACO^METBB, AeonmeUr.
ACOEMETBUH, Aconmetw.
ACOENOSI, Aconnei.
ACOESIS, Aodition.
ACOONOSLA, PharmaeogDDiia.
ACOLABLA, Intemperance.
ACOLOGY, Materia Medica.
AC ONE, Mortar.
ACONIT A BRANDS FLEURS, AeonltoBJ
ACONITE, Aconilam— a. Folia, lee Aconitom
—a. Radix, see Aeonitam.
ACONITI FOLIA, lee Aoonltom — *. Radii,
ACONITIA, eee Aconltnm napelloe.
ACONITIN, «ee Aoooitnro napellot
ACONITIKE. tte Aconltnm nipellai.
ACQNITIUM, eee Aeonitom napetlDi.
ACONI'TUM, fW>m Je-oiU, a place in BltliT-
nla, where It il common. Osnoi'tinuin, Parda-
liaa'clut, Pardalian-chum, OaniWda, Ae'tmiU,
Walfibant, MimlriJiood. Nai. Ord. Rasimeiilk-
ceio. Stx. Sj/tt. Polyandria Trigynia.
AcosiiDK, Aconite, in tlie Pbarmacopteto of
the United Statu, ISC, li the leaves of Aconl-
tnm napellns, end A. pacicnlatam. In the lart
edition, 1B51, Aermiti folia is the officinal nam*
for the leavee ; AeawiH radix for tbat of the root
Acom'iDH An'iHOBi, Atotii'tvn Sataii/'trwm,
leu luinarD'iiiiK sea €andol'Ui sen Jarqaini aen
tKl'opham sen aalAoroIrfeiiiB, An'tliora mlga'TV,
Aiiftkora, Antilli'OTa, Safmlary Jlonkiiood,
Wliolaotnt Wol/tbaiu, YeBaie ktlmrl fiavtr,
(P.) Aemit •aluiairi. The root of this variety,
aa of all the reit, ie poiionone. Il is used at a
oatbartio and anthelmlntie. Doee ^u to 9J.
Acohttdh AxTEOBoniKDa, A. antbora.
Acaxi'TiTH Cah'iubdh, A. panienla'lMm, A.
macrnn'lAtim, A. Sawne^ni, (F.) Aranit d
yrmdf Jltmrt, reaambloi Awnitnm fiapelliti In
properties.
AcOiriTiia CAimohLtt, A. antbora— a. Bal».
>hmn, A. antbora — a. Jaoqninl, A. ■
..Aim.
{V.)OlmpemiUMoiit. Theleavei
ate aarcatie,cadorille,>nddeobetnent(?} Tbey
have been uasd in ebronie rhenmaliEm, scrotUa,
acirrhus, paralysis, amanroali, Ac The active
principle Is oalled jImh ■''" ■-—*--"' — '——■'—
A form for ita prepare
'b. II. 8. (18S1.) It !■
m to both seiei;
They require bnt little manageiiicnt, and oonaiei
{BaphSmi,) Apincla'la (fofi'(*.n roru. p*nc-
Pimplr,) and A. nto'ceo.— See Outta Rosea.
icut Rosacea, Ontta roiea^-a. of tbe Throat
Pbarvll|riti^ follicular.
ACNESTIS. from a, privaltve, and mun, 'to
loraltb.' The part of the spine which eitende,
in quttdrupedB, from between the shouldtre to the
Lnue. According to Pollai, the middle of tbi'
loins. Tbe vertebral column.
ACSEaTOe, Cneorum liioocmm.
ACO£, Andilion, Ear.
AO(B'LIOS,froni.,privailve,and»,»w,'beUy.'
DoTold of belly. One who Is so emaciated a< to
tffttl' to have DO b^.— QalMk.
tion ie contained in the Ph.
made by treating an aleokolic srtract of r«e n»I
with dilnU nlphuric aeid/ preaipitaling by k>J»-
dilvUtulplmricatid: tnatiDgwilbaniMaJd^r.
coa(; again precipitating with n^mtion of ammto-
Hto; waehing with water, and drylni;. It re-
qairea l&O parts of cold and SO of boiling water
to dieaolve it, but il readily diuolved by alcohol
and elber. II oonCralliH Ibe adds, end forme
with tbem nncrystalliiable ealte. Jt baa been
need intamally, and especially applied eiler-
nally, in neuralgic eases, iatnlcptieally end en.
dermicBlly. Dose of Aconilum, gr. J. lo gr. 01.
I AeoKitDM NmoBOSDK, A. antbora— a. Neo.
montanum, A. uapellna — a.PBnicDlalam,A. oam-
marum— a. Raoemonim, Aetaa apioata — a. Saln-
tifemm, A. antbora.
ACONU'SI, Acotn'fi, AeoSn'otl, tnm tm,,
'audition,' and Hevvf, 'diseaae.' Morhi nWriuai
tt audi'iAt. Diseaaea of the oan and andilion.
ACOONOSI, AconmL
ACOPIB. S«m« etfiDOB m tlu imX. PU«7
AOOPOV
4$
AOBIgIS
ctrw thif naxa% to a preei<rai etoiiey irlikh was
l!oiled in oil and aMd agaiaet weaiineu.
AC'OPONy from a, privative, and mnc, 'weari-
mua,' A remady against wearinesa — Fo^aS|Oor-
reus, Ac. Ae'opumf — Celsoii Pliny. BeeAnagyrii.
ACOPRIA, Constipation.
ACOPROSIS, Constipation.
ACOR BENZOiNUS, Benjainin--a. Boraei-
ens, Boiacie aoid— a. Snooineas, Snocinio add —
a. Salphoris, Salphnzio add— a. Tartaxioos, Tar-
tsrio add.
ACORB BATABD, Ilia psendaoonu — o.
FanXf Iris psoadaconu— a. Odcrant, Aeorus
cslamos.
ACORES, Adds, and Addities.
ACOR'IA, from m, priratiTO, and nptm, 'I sa-
tiate.' An inordinate or oanine appetite. — Hip-
poeratM.
ACOBrTES* A wine made of Aoonu.— Dios-
aorides.
ACOR'MUS, from 9, priratiTe^ and KfMct,
* trunk.' A monster devoid o£ a trunk. — Gurit
ACORN, JUPITER'S, Vagus eastanea— a.
Oily, OnUandina moringa — a. Sardinian, Fagns
ACORNS. See Qaerons alba.
AC0RU6 ADULTEROUS, Iris pseadaeoms.
Ao'oBus Cal'amvb. a. V9ru», Oai'amu§ Aro-
muofietu, (7. Odora'iuMf OaffoMtu tmlga*rUf Typha
AromafieOf Aeomt Brturili^n'Ht, Otava Bugc^ta,
S^gtetfiag or Ac'ortM, Fiagroct, £hee9t eane. Myrtle
Flag, 8w€t* gra$», £hM«t roo^ JShoeet ruth. (F.)
Jone roMau ou Ocmm« aroputtifuef Atore odaranL
Nat, OnL Aroldem; AcoraoeB. (Lindley.) Sex,
Sy&L Hexaadria Monogynia. The rkisoma — OaV'
OMMf (Pli. U. S.)— is stomaehio and earminatire,
Vat is rarely used. It is regarded as a good ad^
juTaat to bark in quinia and intermittenta.
Ao'oRDS Palustris, Iris paeadaoorus — a» Ynl-
gaii% Iris psendacoms.
ACOS, Medicament.
ACOS'MIA, from «, privatlTey and nvpotf 'or-
der, omamenty' Disorder, irregularity in the
critical days, aecording to Galen, who uaes the
word mofgfkt for regularity in those days. Others,
and partioalarly Pollux, call bald persons oKovjiM,
becMue they are deprived of one of their most
beantiftil ornaments.
ACOUM'ETER, Aeo¥itm^€ter, AooAa's«M-, Aeo-
8m'€iruwtf Acu'mettr, Aenuim'ettr, (F.) AeottvUtr^,
from ac0v«, ' I hear,' and tunov, 'measure.' An
instrument designed by M. Itard for meanring
the degree of hearing
ACOUM^TBE, Aeonmeter.
ACOUOPUO'NIA, CojAo^nia,' fi«m aicevM,
'I hear,' and ^«iv«, 'voice,' ** AmtfeuUatwy Per-
oHs'tion." A mode of anseultation, in which the
observer places his ear on the eheet, and analyses
the sound produced by perensdon. — Donn6.
ACOUS'MA, an imaginary noise. Depraved
sense of hearing.
ACOUS'TIC, Aeu^tunu, That which belongs
to the ear; as Acomatic nerte, Aetmnio trumpet.
Acoustic Msdicirx is one used in diseased au-
dition.
Acons'Tica, Aeae'eiea. (F.) Aeo««<»7iie. The
part of phyrics which treats of the theory of
sounds. It is also oalled Phoniet,
AOOUSTIQUEf AoousUce.
ACQUA BINBLLI, Aqua Binellii— a. Broe.
ehieri, Aqua Brocchierii — a. M^nterossi* Aqua
BinelUi — a. di Napoli, Liquor artenioaiis<— a.
della Toffana, Liquor arsenicalis.
ACQUETTA, Liquor Arsenicalis.
ACQUI, MINERAL WATERS OF. These
thermal sulphureous springs are in Pi^mont.
Their temperature is 167® Fahr., and they con-
Ida nilphohydrio aeid and ddorida of aod^im.
AO<^UIRED DISEASES. MorU aemtin'ii,
M, adventi*t%%f M, epiete'ti. Adventitiowi aieeaeet,
(F.) Maladtea acquiaee. Diseases which oocnr
after birth, and which are not dependent upon
hereditary predisposition.
ACRAI'PALA, from a, privative, and spaiiraX 17,
' drunkenness.' RemediM agdnst the effects of
a debauch. — GorrsBUs.
ACRA'LEA, from aitpof, 'extremity.' The
extreme parts of the body, ss the head, hand^,
feet, nose, ears, Ac — Hippocrates and Galen.
See Aerea.
ACRA'NIA, firom a, privative, and rpavtor, 'the
cranium.' Want of cranium, wholly or in part.
ACRA'SIA, frt>m a, privative, or 'bad,' and
ffpanf, 'mixture.' Intemperance. Excess of any
kind. — ^Hippocrates.
It has been employed to denote debility, syno-
njrmously with Acratia; but this may have been
a typographical inaocnracy.
ACRATi'A, from «, privative, and rparof,
'strength.' Impotence; weakness, fainting.
ACRATIS'MA, from «, privative, and Kzpar-
wfttf ' to mix.' A breakfriist, oonsbting of bread
steeped in wine, not mixed with water. — Galen,
AthensBUs.
ACRATOM'ELI, from aKpam, 'pure wine/
and /teXi, ' honey.' Wine mixed with honey.
ACRATOPE'G^, Akratope'g^, from a, priva-
Uve, and cparac, 'strength,' and ani^if, 'a spring.'
Mineral waters having no marked chemical qua-
lities.
ACRATOPOS'IA, from Aeraium, and Tonf,
' drink.' The drinking of pure or unmixed wine.
A'CRATUM, €U(paTov, n'om a, privative, and
Kpares, 'strength.' Unmixed wine, — Acratum
vinum, Vinum merum,
ACBATURB'SIS, from Aertttia, 'weakness,'
and ovfov, 'urine.' Inability to void the urine
from paralysis of the bladder.
ACRE. The extremity or tip of the nose.
A'CREA, Aerot4r%a, from tucpcs, 'the summit'
The extreme parts of Uie body, as the feet, hands,
ears, Ac. #
Also the extreme parts of animals that are used
as food. Aeroeolia,
ACRID, from aKoos, 'a point or summit,' or
from affif, 'apoint,'^Ae«r. An epithet for sub-
stances which occasion a disagreeable sense of
irritation or of constriction at the top of the
throat.
Acrid heat, (F.) Chaleur Acre, is one that causes
a hot tingling sensation at the extremities of the
fingers.
Acrid Poisok, See Poison.
AcBins, in Pathology, ace certain imaginary
substances, supposed by the humourists to exist
in the humours, and to cause various diseases.
See Acrimony.
ACRIDOPH'AGI, from Mfn, 'a locust,' and
^vw, 'I eat.' Locnet-eatert, Acridophagous
trioes are said to exist in Africa. — Strabo.
ACRIMONY, Actt'tfcM, Acrimo^niOf from ocer,
' acrid,' oKtSf 'a point' Acrimony of the humours.
An imaginary acrid ehwage of the blood, lymph,
Ac, which, by the humourists, was conceived to
cause many Psoases.
ACRIN'IA, fit>m a, privative, and vpirw, 'I
separate.' A diminution in the quantity, or a
totaf suspension, of the secretions,
ACRIS, a sharp bony prominence. Also, the
locust
ACRrSIA, Aeri'tie, from a, privative, and
jcpivff, 'Judgment' A condition of disease, in
which no judgment can be formed; or in which
an nniavourable opinion mustbe pveii. — Hipp,
and Galen.
ACBI8IB, AoridJk
%.
ACRinCAL
4A
ACnOK
AGRIT'ICAL, Ae'rito9, from a, priratiTe, and
fffitfir, 'judgment' That which takes place with-
out any crisis, or which does not foretell a orius;
as a critical §vmptom, abicett, Ac
ACRITOS, AcriticaL
ACRIVIOLA, Tropfeolnm nugoB.
ACROAMA, Audition.
ACROASIS, AudiUon.
ACROBYS'TIA, Aeropot'tkia, fromax^, 'top/
and jivutf * I cover/ The eztremitj of the prepuce.
—Hippocrates. Rufus.
ACROCIIEIR', AcrocAtV, Aerocheir^an, from
aKpoi, 'extremity/ and x^f '^^ hand.' The
forearm and hand. Gorrceus. Also, the hand.
ACROCHOR'DON, from ac^f, ' extremity/
and x°9^'^t * ^ string.' A tumour which hangs by
a pedicle. A kind of hard wart^ V^rru'ca pent''
Ui9, — ^Aetins, Celsus.
ACROCHORIS'MUS, from tucpof, 'extremity/
and ;^opcvw, ' I dance.' A kind of danoe, with
the ancients, in which the armB and legs were
violently agitated.
ACROCOLIA, Aorea.
I ACROCOLIUM, Acromion.
ACROD'RYA, from aicpof, 'extremity/ and
imtt, 'a ti^e.' Autumnal fruits, as nuts, ap-
ples, Ac
ACRODTX'IA, Erytke'ma acrod'ynum, E.
tMrodun'tOf (F.) Acrodynie, from «Kpef, 'extre-
mity, and oovvTif ' pun.' A painful affection of
the wrisU and ankles especially, which appeared
in Paris as an epidemic, in 1828 and 1829. It
was supposed by some to be rheumatipi by others
to be owing to spinal irritation.
ACROLBNION, Olecranon.
ACROMASTIUM, Nipple
AGROMiA, Acromion.
ACRO'MIAL, Acromm^tf. RelaUng to the
Acromion.
Acromial Ar'txbt, External Seap'ular, A,
Arte'ria Tkorae"iea humera'liMf Artire troitihne
dea Thoraciquetf — (Ch.) A. Thoracique hunU-
rale, arises from the anterior part of the axillary
artery, opposite the upper edge of the pectoralis
minor. It divides into two branches : one, eupe-
rior; the other, inferior , — the branches of which
are distributed to the subclavius, serratus mi^or
anticus, first intercostal, deltoid, and pectoralis
mcgor muscles, as well as to the shoulder Joint,
Ac They anastomose with the superior scapu-
lar, thoracic, and circumflex arteries.
Acromial Nerves, Jiervi aeromia'Ue,
Branches of the fourth cervical nerve, which are
distributed to the acromial region.
Acromial Yeik has the same arrangement
ts the artery.
ACRO'MIO-CORACOrDEUS. Belonging to
the acromion and ooracoid process.
The triangular ligament between the acromion
and coracoid process of the scapula is so called.
ACRO'MION, Acro'tnium, Acro'mia, Acro'mie,
from axpot, 'the top,' and o/io;, 'the shoulder.'
0» Acro'miif Hu'menu tummu9f Armui aummus,
Muero hu'meri, Hoetrum porci'num. Caput Scap'-
uUb, Aeroco'liuwi. The prooess which terminates
the spine of the soapula, and is artioolated with
the clavicle.
ACROMIS, Acromion.
ACROMPHALIUM, Acromphalon.
ACROM'PHALON, AeromphaHium, from
•Apof, 'the top/ and o^i^aXos, 'the naveL' The
extremity of the umbilical cord, which remains
attached to the fcetus after birth.
ACROMTLE, Patella.
AGBli-NAROOTIC, See Poison.
A'GRONYX, from axpof, 'the snmmity' and
fiv^, ' the naiL' Growing in of the naiL
ACBOPARAI/TSIS/ from tucfo^ 'aztrvmitgr/
and wofoXvnf, 'palsy/ Paml'yne exhrewUta^tmmf
Palsy of the extremities. Fuchs.
AGROPOSTHIA, Acrobystia.
AGROPSFLON, from ax^, 'extremity/ a»4
i/^iXo;, 'naked.' The extremity of the glans penlik
ACRORIA, Vertex.
AGRORRHEU'MA, Rheumatie'mue extremity/
turn, fromaxpof, 'extremity/ and pfv^ia, 'defluxioi^
rheumiUism.' Rheumatism of the extremities.
AGROS, arpof, ' extremity, top.' The strength
of the Athletes, and of diseases ; the prominenoei
of bones: the extremities of the fingers, Ac Set
Acrocheir, Acromion, Ac
AGROTERIA, Aorea. See Extremity.
AGROTERIASIS, Acroteriasmus.
AGROTERIAS'MUS, Aeroteri'asisy from au^
r^pca, 'the extremities/ henoe mKforvpia^tiv, 'to
mutilate.' Amputation of the extremities.
AGROTHYM'ION, from atoos, 'top,' and
3v^«v, ' thyme.' A kind of conical, rugous, bloody
wart, compared by Gelsus to the flower of thyme
AGROT'IGA, from ajcp«f, 'summit' Diseaset
affecting the excement fonotions of the externa]
surface of the body.
Pravity of the fluids or emunctories that opei
on the external surface ; without fever or other
internal affection as a necessary aocompanimentr
The 3d order of the class Eeerit'ica of Good.
AGROTISMUS, Asphyxia.
AGT, ActuSf fr^m actwn, past participle of
agere, 'to do,' 'a thing done' The effective ex-
ercise of a power or faculty. The action of an
agent. Aote is used by the French, to signify
the public discussion, which occurs in supporting
a thesis : — thus, §outenir «» Aete auz Ecolee ds
Midednej is, 'to defend a Thesis in the School!
of Medicine.'
ACT^'A GIMIOIF'UGA, A. rocmo'to.
AoTJs'A Racbmo'sa, a. OimieifugOf Oimi*
eifuga, (Ph. U. S.) G. rtteemo'eaf Macro' tryi
racetno'ta, Botfrophie Serpenta'ria (f) Serpen^
ta'ria nigra. Black analuroot, Biekweed, Oo*
koah. Squaw root, Battleweed, Black Cokoek,
(F.) Actfe d grappetf Serpentaire noire, JVoi.
Ord, Ranunoidacee9. ^S^ Sjfet, Polyandria Pen-
tagynia. A common plant in the United States.
The root is astringent ; and, according to Barton,
has been successfully used, in the form of decoc-
tion, as a gargle in putrid sore throat. A decoo-
tion of the root cures the itch. It is acro-naroo-
tic, and has been used in rheumatism, acute and
chronic; chorea, Ac
Actje'a Spioa'ta, Okrtetophoria'na epica'tOf
Aeoni'tum raeemo'«iim, Baneberry, Herb Ckrit^'
topker, (F.) Herbe St, Okrietopke, A perennial
herbaceous European plant, we root of which
resembles that of the black hellebore. The root
is cathartic, and sometimes emetic, and in over-
doses may produce dangerous consequences.
Acta' a America' nti, of which there are twa
varieties. A, alba and A. ru6ra,— irAifa and red
eokoek, is indigenous in the United States. Ii
has the same properties af A. spicata.
AGTE, Sambnous.
ACTE, Act .
ACT^E d 0RAPPE8, Aotssa racemosa.
ACT IF, Active
AGTIO, Action, Function.
AG'TION, Ac^tio, Opera'tio, EnergVa, PraxU :
from agere, actum, ' to act' Mode in which one
object influences another.
The animal aetione are those that occur in the
animal body : the vital, those that are essentia]
to life : the pkgeiologieal, those of a healthy cha-
racter: the paikologieal, or morbijie, those thai
occur in disease, Ac The ancients divided tht
pkytiologieal a/ct&one into ftUalf animal, naturali
etsnuUf partieular, gmteral, Ac See Fnnotioii.
ACTr051l6
flr
ABDTICIOB
ACnONES NATUBALBS, see Fnnotlon.
ACTIVE, same etymon. J>ra9*tief$§, Aeti^mu,
Sthen'ictu, Bypentken'ieuB. (F.) Aetif, This
adjeetiTe is lued, in Paihology, to convey the
idea of euperabnndant energy or strength. Active
mfmptonu, e. g. are those of excitement. In The-
ropeuHeMf it signifies enerjjrette:— -as, an aetive
tnatautu. The French use (he expression Mi'
d^eint affi99ante, in contradistinction to NSdeeim*
^xpeetanu. In Physiology, aetimt has a similar
iignifieation, many of the fonotions being divided
into .active and passive.
ACTON. A village near London, at which
there is a purgative mineral spring, like that at
Epsom.
ACTUAL. Same etymon as aeiive. That
which acts immediately. A term nsnally re-
stricted to the rod-hot iron, or to heat in any
form ; in contradietinction to the potential or Wr-
tmalf which is applied to caustics or eseharoties.
ACTUA'EITJS. Originally a tiUe of dignily
given to the Byiantine physicians.
ACTUS PARTUBITIONIS, Parturition.
ACUITAS, Acrimony.
ACULEUS LIGNEUS, Splinter.
ACUMETER, Aconmeter.
A'CUPUNCTUBE, Aeupunetu'ra, from aeue,
'a needle,' and punehtra, 'a pnnoture.' A sur-
gical operation, much in use amongst the Chinese
and Japanese, which consists in puncturing parts
with a very fine needle. It has been employed,
of late years, in obstinate rheumado aifections,
Ac., and apparently with sneeess. Aeupunctore
i» Ukewise a mode of infanticide in some eoun-
Iries; the needle being forced into the brain
through the fontanelles, or into the spinal mar-
row, Ac
ACUROIA, Surgery (operative.)
ACU8, Needle— a. Capitata, Pin— a. Invagi-
nata, see Needle— a. Ophthalmica, see Needle —
■k Paracentaea, Trocar — a. Paraeentetica, Trocar
^a. Triquetra vulgaris, Trocsr — a. Veneris,
Erynginm campestre.
ACUSIMETEB, Aconmeter.
ACUSI8, AndiUon.
ACUSTICA, Acoustics.
ACUSTICUS, Auditory.
ACUTE, Acm'tue, Oxyt, o^vf, (acif, 'a point')
(F.) Aigu, A disease which, with a certain de-
gree of severity, has a rapid progress, and short
duration, is said to be "acute."- (^noee'ma,
Oryn'oeae, Ox^nu'§o§.
iHseases were formerly subdivided into Morht
aeutit'eimif very aonte^ or those which last only
three or four days : if. mtbaeuiie'nmi, which eon«
tinne seven days: and Jf. euhacu^tif or those
which last from twenty to forty days.
The antithesis to acute is chronic. Acvte, when
applied to pain, sound, cries, Ac, means eAayji.
ACUTENACULUM, Porte^iguiUe.
ACYANOBLEP'SIA, from a, privative, «««Mf,
'blue,' and ^Xcrw, 'I see.' Defective virion,
which eonsists in incapability of distinguishing
blue. — G(ithe. See Achromatopsia.
ACYESI8, SteriUtas.
A CYRUS, Arnica montana.
ACYTERIUS, Abortive.
ADACA. The SpJUgran'thv Tn^dievu, a Uala-
bar plant, which is aerid and aromatic
ADAC'RYA, from a, privative, and ioKfv^, 'I
weep.' Defective secretion of tears.
ADifiMONIA, Anxiety.
ADAKO'DIEN. A Malabar plsai of tiie fa-
mily ApoeynesBy used in that eonntry in diseases
•f the eyes.
AIVALI, Lip'pia. A Malabar plant, which
Ihe Orientals regard as an antidote to the bite of
ihaaate.
ADAMANTINE SUBSTANCB, Bnemal cf
the teeth.
ADAMAS, Diamond.
ADAMI'TA, Adami'tum, A rtry hard, whit*
calculus. — Paracelsus.
The first word has been used for stone in the
bladder : the second for lithiasis or the calculous
condition.
ADAM'S APPLE, Pomum AdamL
ADAN60NIA DIGITATA, Baobab.
ADAPTER, from ad and apto, < I fit' A tuba
employed in pharmaceutical operations forlength-
ening the neck of a retort; or in cases where the
opening of the receiver is not large enough to
admit tiie beak of the retort
ADAR'CE, Adat'donf Adar'cie A concretion
found about the reeds and grass in the marshy
regions of Galatia, and hiding them, as it were :
hence the name, from a, privative, and ^cpjrw, 'I
see.' It was formerly in repute for cleansing the
skin from freckles, Ac.
ADARIGO, Orpiment
ADARNECH, Orpiment
ADARTICULATIO, Arthrodia.
AD CUTBM ABDOMINIS (ARTERIA.)
The euperfieieU artery of the abdomeiif — a branch
of the crural or femoral, which arises at the
lower part of Poupart's ligament and ascends
towards the umbilicus, being distributed to the
integuments.
ADD AD. A Numidian plant; bitter and
poisonous.
ADDEPHAG^'IA, Adephag"ia, from aiinv,
'much,' and' ^ysiv, 'to eat' Voracioveneee,
Galen and Hoffman have given this name to vo-
racious appetite in children affected with worms.
Sauvages refers it to Bulimia. Also, the goddess
of gluttony.
ADDER'S TONGUE, Ophioglossum vulgatnm.
ADDITAMEN'TUM. A term once used sy-
nonymously with Bpiphyeia, It is now restricted
to the prolongation of two cranial sutures, the
lamboidal and squamous.
AnniTAKENTVX CoLi, Appendix vermiformis
essd — a. Necatum, Olecranon — a. ad Sacrolnm-
balem, see Sacro-lumbslis — a. Uncatum ulnse.
Olecranon — a. Ulnee, Radius.
ADDUCENS OCULI, Rectus intemus ocuH.
ADDUGTBUR DE V(EILy Rectus inter-
nus oculi — a. d'u Oro% orteil. Adductor pollicis
pedis — a. Premier ou moyen, Adductor longus
femoris — a, du Pouee, Adductor pollicis man As
— a. Second on petit, Adductor brevis — a. Troi^
eihne ou grand. Adductor mag^us.
ADDUCTION, Arfduc'rto, from ad, 'to,' and
ducere, 'to draw.' Parago'gi. The action by which
parts are drawn towards the axis of the body.
The muscles which execute this function are
called Addue*tot$,
ADDUCTOR MBDH DIGITI PEDIS, Pos-
terior medii digiti pedis — a. Oculi, Rectus inter-
nus ocuK.
Annvc'TOK Mstacar'pi vik'ixt Dio"iti, Mc"
taear'peue, Car'po-metacar'peue min'imi dig"iti,
is situate between the adductor and flexor, next
to the metacarpal bone It arises, fleshy, from
the unciform process of the os unciforme, and
frt>m the contiguous part of Uie annular ligament
of the wrist, and is inserted, tendinous and fleshy,
into the fore-part of the metacarpal bone of the
littie finger, from its base to its head.
Addcc'tob Pol'licis MAirfis, A. PoVlide, A,
ad min'imHm dig*'itum, Metaear'pO'pkalan'geu9
poVUeie — (Ch.) (F.) Addvcteur du nonce, A
muscle which arises, fleshy, from slmost the
whole length of the metacarpal bone of the mid-
die finger, and is inserted into the inner part of
the root of the fint bono of the thumb.
ADBO
48
APSPS
Assvo'tor Pol'licis Pedis, Autitk'€»ar, Me-
tatar'»o-9ubphalan'geu9 pollicu,~—{Qh.J) Tarao^
«netatar$i-phalangien du pouee. (F.) Addueteur
dm gro$ orteil. Arises by a long, thin tendon,
from the under part of the oe caldB, from the oe
oaboidos, os cunoiforme externum, and from the
root of the metatarsal bone of the second toe. It
is divided into two fleshy portions, and is inserted
into the external sesamoid bone, and root of the
metatarsal bone of the great toe.
Bichat has given the general name, Addue'-
tortf to Uiose of the interosseoos muscles of the
band or foot* which perform the action of ad-
duction.
Adductor Terto Digiti Pkdis, Prior tertii
digit! pedis.
Adductors of thr thigh. These are three
in number, which have, by some anatomists, been
united into one muscle — the Trieep$ Adduc'tor
JP«m'ort>.
1. Adduc'tor longut fem'ori$, Addue'tor fern*'
orit pnmu9f Tricepa minor, Pu*bio-/emora'lit —
(Ch.) (F.) Premier ou mouen iuiducteur. Arises
by a strong tendon from the upper and fore part
of the 08 pubis and ligament of the symphysis,
at the inner side of the pectinalis. It runs down-
wards and outwards, and is inserted by a broad,
flat tendon, into the middle of the linea aspera.
2. Adduc'tor brevig, A, fem'oria tecun'dua,
Trieep* »ecun'du9y Sub-pubio-femor a' lit ■•—(Ch.)
(F.) iiccond ou petit Addueteur, Arises tendi-
nous from the os pubis, at the side of its sym-
physis, below and behind the last muscle. It
runs obliquely outwards, and is inserted by a
short, flat tendon into the inner and upper part
of the linea aspera, from a little below the tro-
chanter minor to the beginning of the insertion
of the adductor longus.
8. Adduc'tor magnuM, Adductor fetn'orit ter*-
tiu$ et quartu9f Trier.pa magnua, I^ckio-femora*-
2ie— (Ch.) (F.) Troiaiime on grand addueteur^ is
much larger than either of the others. It arises
from the ramus of the pubis, from thai of the
ischium, and from the tuber ischii, and is inserted
into the whole length of the linea aspera. Near
the lower part of the linea aspera it is pierced
by a kind of dbliqne, fibrous canal, through which
the crural artery and vein pass.
AD EC. The inner man. — Paracelsus.
ADECTA, Sedatives.
ADELIPARIA, Polysarcia.
ADELODAGAM. A bitter Malabar plants
used in asthma, catarrh, and gout
ADELPHIA, see AdelphUia.
ADELPHIX'IA, AdelpkixU; from o&X^oc,
'brother.' Consanguini^ of pa^rts in health or
disease. Frater^nitae, Fratra'tio. Hippocrates
used the word Adel'phia, for diseases that re-
semble each other.
ADELPUIXIS, Sympathy.
ADEMONIA, Depression, Nostalgia.
ADEMOSYNE, Depression, Nostalgia.
ADEN, ainv, 'a gland;' h9nc9Ad€natgia,Ade'
ni/orm^ Ac. — see Qland.
ADENAL'GIA, Adenodyn'ta, from aii», <a
gland/ and aXvoi, 'pain.' Glandular pain.
ADENECTOP'IA, from a6iiv, <a gland,' and
UTovoSf 'removed from its place.' Dislocation of
a gland.
ADENEMPHRAX'IS, from ahp, 'm gland,'
and tn^pa^if, 'obstruction.' Glandular obstmc-
tum.
ADEN'IFORM, Adentform'te, Adenoi'dt,
Adenoidf from Aden, 'a gland,' and Formci, 'form
(MT resemblance.' Olan'd^fa^rmf or resembling a
|dand.
Av£mTE LTMPEATIQUB, Ijmphadeii-
ADENI'TIS, from aiw, 'a gland,' and UU, a
termination denoting inflammation. PkUgmt^ei^
adeno'ea sen glandulo'tcu Glandular inflamma*
tion.
ADRinns LnrPBATicA, Lymphadenitis.
ADEin'Tis Mesentxr'ica, Meuenter'ic GanglU
oni'tia. Inflammation of the mesenteric glands.
Adenitis Palpebrarum Coxtaoiosa, see Oph-
thalmia.
ADENOCHIBAPSOLOG"IA, from aV. 'a
gland,' ;^(tf, 'the hiuid,' awrta, 'I lay hold of,' and
Xoyof, 'a description.' The doctrine of curing
Bcrofala or the king's evil by the royal touch.
ADBNOCUON'DRIUS, from ai^Pf 'a gland,'
and x^^^P^if *^ cartilage.' Relating to gland and
cartilage, — for example, Arthrophy'ma adenth-
ehon'drium, a tumefaction of the gUmds and car-
tilages of joints.
ADENODYNIA, Adenal^
ADENOG'RAPUY, Adenogra*pk\a, from adyr,
'a gland,' and ypa^M, 'I describe.' That part of
anatomy which describes the glands.
ADENOID, Adeniform.
ADENOIDES, Adeniform.
ADENOL'OGY, Adenolog"xa, from a^rv. 'a
gland,' and \oyoi, 'a description.' A treatijie on
the glands.
ADENOMALA'CIA, from alnv, 'a gland,' and
/toXuca, 'softening.' Mollesoence or softening of
a gland.
ADENO-MENINGEAL, see Fever, adeno-
meningeal.
ADENONCOSIS, Adenophyma.
ADE'NO-PHARYN'GEUS, from a^, «a
gland,' and ^a^y^, * the pharynx.' Some fleshy
fibres, which pass from the constrictor pharyngis
inferior to the thyroid gland, have received this
name. Their existence is not constant.
ADE'NO-PUARYNGI'TIS. Same etymon.
Inflammation of the tonsils and pharynx.
ADENOPHTHALMIA, Ophthalmia tarsi
ADENOPHY'MA, Adenon'cue, Adenoneo'atM,
from aij/v, 'a gland,' and ^vfia, 'a swelling.'
Swelling of a gland, or glandiform ganglion.
(F.) Glandage, Adenophyma is used by some to
signify a soft glandular swelling; — Adenone%Uf
one of a harder character. — Kraus.
Adenophyma Inouinalis. Bubo.
ADENOSCIR'RHUS, Adenoeclero'tia, from
oin^t 'a gland,' and cKippoi, 'induration.' Scir-
rhous induration of a gland.
ADENOSCLEROSIS, Adenosoirrhus.
ADENOSIS SCROPHULOSA, Scrofula.
ADENO'SUS, (AfrtcM'sM.) A hard, glandular
abscess, which suppurates slowly. — ^M. A. Seve-
rinus.
ADENOT'OMY, AdenoUmHa, from ainv, 'a
gland,' and r^ivv, 'I cat' Dissection of the
glands.
ADEPHAGIA, Addephagia, Boulimia.
ADEPS, Adepa Suillua, Oxgn'giuwi, Pinaue'do.
Pig's flare. The fat of the hog. In the Ph. U. S.
the prepared fat of Sum acrofOf free from saline
matter.
Adeps Anseri'nus, Adtff an'eeria or Gooae
qreaae, (F.) Oraiaee d^Oie, is emollient It has
been used as an emetic.
Adeps Camtharidibus Medicatus, Ungnen-
tum lyttsB medicatum — a. Cortioe Daphnes gnidii
medicatus, Unguentum epispasticnm de Daphne
gnidio — a. Humanus, Liquamumia — a. Hydrar-
grro medicatus, Unguentum Hydraxgyii — a. ex
Hydrargyro mitius dictum einereum, Unguentum
oaddi hydrargyri einereum — a. Hydrargyri muri-
ate oxygenate medicatus. Unguentum muriatis
hydrargyri oxygenati medioatum — 9l Hydrargyri
nitrate medicatus, Unguentum hydrargyri nitratia
—a. Hydrargyri ozido mbro eiplumhi aoato m^
ADBPT
40
ABOBION
dBtoi^ii^ UBjRieiitiim ophthalmieam — a. Laaro
BiMiicstai^ UngueDfcum Uarinum — a. OtIIU, Se-
Tiun — a. Papayere, hyoscyamo, el beIladonD&
medioatiMy Unguentum populeum — ^a. Sulfure e(
•ounoDiaB muriate medicatus, Unguentam ral-
pbnratum ad Bcabiem — a. Sulfure et carbonate
potasss medicatoa, Unguentum sulphnratum al-
calinum ad scabiem — ^a. Tartaro stibii medicatns,
Unguentum antimonii tartarizati— a. Ozido iin<^
medicatuA, Unguentum oxidi lind impnri.
Adbps Pb^para'tus, Hog*9 lard, Barroto'§
grtat. Lard, Ax'unge, Axun'gictj Adept auil'iut
prapara'twf, A. pr^spara'tutf Axun'gia porei'na,
(F.) Orai—e de Pore, Saindoux, is prepared by
melting pig's flare, and straining it This is
called rendering the lard. Lard is emollient^
>>nt is chiefly used for forming ointments and
plasters.
ADEPT, Alchymist
ADEP'TA MEDIGI'NA. Medieine, which
treated of diseases contracted by oelesUal opera-
tions, or communicated irom heaven.
Adept A PHiLosopniA, Alchymy.
ADFLATUS, Afllatus.
ADUJiRENTIA, Adherence.
ADH^SIO, Adherence.
ADHATO'DA, Ju»tie"ia adhato'da. The 3fa-
lafrar Nut Tree, (F.) Xoper de Ceglon. Used
in India for expelling the dead foDtus in abortion.
The word is said to conrey this meaning in the
Ceyloneae.
ADHE'RENCE, Adhe'eion, Adiutren'tia, Oon-
ere'tio, Atre'na, Proe'phyeie, ProecoUe' eU, Ad-
J^'eio, firom adhiBrere, {mi and hetrere,) 'to stick
to.' These words are usually employed synonym-
ously. The French often use adherence for the
state of union, and adheaion for the act of ad-
hering.
ADHESION, Adherence.
ADHE'SIVS INFLAMMA'TION is that in-
flammation which terminates by an adhesion
between Inflamed and separated surfaces, and
which was, at one time, supposed to be necessary
for such adhesion.
Adke'eive is also an epithet for certain plasters
which stick closely to the skin.
ADIANTHUM, Adiantum.
ADIANTUM, A. pedatum.
ADiANTUMr ^TRiOP'icnii. A Bouth African
plant, Nat, Ord. Filices, an infbsion of which is
•ometimes used as an emollient in coughs, and
in diseases of the chest.
Adiantuk Album, Asplenium mta mnraria —
%, Anreum, Polyfarichum.
Adian'tum Capil'lus Vbk'bris, a. Cortandrf-
fo'lium seu Nigrum, CapiVlue Yen'erie, from a,
f privative, and liaivm, 'to grow wet,' from the
eares not being easily moistened. Maiden kair,
(F.) OapiUaire de Montpellier, A European
plant, of feeble, aromatic and demulcent pro-
perties. It is used for forming the ^irop de Cb-
piUaire or OapiUaire,
Adiahtum Corxandbifoliuk, a. CapiUns Ye-
aeris.
Adiaktvv Nigrum, A. CapiUns Veneris.
Adias'tuk Pbda'tum, a, Canaden'ei sen P<u
tene, Adiantum, CapiVlua Ven*erie Canaden'eie,
Herha Ven'erie, Filix Ven'eria, Oanada Metiden-
Xair, American Maidenhair, Rock/em, Sweet/em,
(F.) Capillaire du Oanada, has the same proper-
ties. Capillaire was once made from this. See
Adiantum.
Adi AirruK Ritbruv, Asplenium trichomanoides.
ADIAPHORO'SIS, Adiaphote^eit, from a, pri-
TRtive, him, * through,' and ^«paf, ' a pore.' Defect
or mppression of perspiration, Adiapntue^ticu
ADIAPH'OBOUS, AdiapKoruM, Indiff'ertnt,
Neutral. A medicine wliich will neither do
nor good.
ADIAPNBUSTIA, Adiaphorosis.
ADIARRIKE'A, from a, privatiTe, and Stuf'
5 IV, 'to flow.' Retention of any excretion.-^
ippocrates.
ADICE, Urtica.
ADIPATUS, Patty.
AJDIPEUX, Adipose.
ADIPOCERA, A<^f>oeiV« — a. Cetosa, Ceto-
ceum.
ADIPOCIItE, Adipoee'ra, from adepe, 'fat,'
and eera, 'wax.' The base of biliary calculi,
called also ChoVeeterine, Also, a sort of soap,
formed from animal matter under certain circum-
stances. (F.) Gra» dee Cadavree, Orae dee Oime^
tiiree. The human body, when it has been for some
weeks in water, assumes this appearance ; and it
has been a subject of legal inquiry, what length
of time is necessary to produce it This musty
of course, depend upon Tarious circumstances, aa
climate, season, Ac.
ADIPOCIRE DE BALEINE, CeUceum.
AD'IPOSE, Ad'ipotie, Adipo'eue, from adepts
'fat' (E,)Adipeux, That which relates to fat>—
as Adipoee membrane. A, veeeeh, Ac. See Fat^.
Ad'ipose Sarco'ma of Aberre'tbt, Emphy'ma
eareo'ma adipo'eum, is suetty throughout, and
enclosed in a thin capsule of condensed areolar
substance, connected by means of minute vessels.
It is chiefly found on the fore and back parts of
the trunk. Bee Sarcoma.
ADIPOSIS. See Polysarcia.
AntPO'sis Hepat'ica, Pimelo'tie hepat'xeet.
Fatty liver. Fatty degeneration of the liver, (F.)
Dfginfreeeence graieeeuee du Foie, Fatty dis-
ease of the liver.
ADIP08U8, Fatty.
ADIP0U8, Fatty.
ADIP'SIA, JDipeo'eie expere. Absence of thirst
ADIP'SON, Adip'eum, from a, privative^ and
iiyla, 'thirst' Any substance which relievei
thirst Applied to a decoction of barley to whidh
oxymel was added. — Hippocrates.
ADIPSOS, Glycyrrhiia.
AD'ITUS, ' an entrance,' 'an approach f fiom
adere, aditum, ' to go to.' Pro»*(^ot, The en-
trance to a canal or duct, as Aditue ad Aqumdu^^
turn Fallopii.
Aditus ad iNFtnrDiBTrLtnr, Tnlva.
ADIULIS'TOS, from a, privative, and inXtim,
'Istr^n/ Unstrained wine for pharmaeeutiGal
purposes. — GorrsBUs.
ADJUNCTUM, Accompaniment
ADJUTOR PARTtS, Accoucheur.
AD'JUVANT, Ad'juvane, from adjuvetre, <to
aid.' A medicine, introduced into a prescription
to md the operation of the prineipal ingredient
or basis. Also, whatever assists in the removal
or prevention of disease.
ADNASCENTIA, Prosphysis.
ADNATA (TUNICA,) Conjunctiva.
ADN£e {MEMBRANE,) Conjunctiva.
ADOLES'CENCE, AdoUeeen'tia, Juvem'trnt^
JBtae bona. Youth; from adoleecere {ad apd
o/escere) ' to grow.' {T.) Jeuneeee, The period
between puberty and that at which the body
acquires its full development; being, in mui,
between the 14th and 25th years ; and, in womaDt
between the 12th and 21st
ADOLSS'CENS, Ju'venie, J7sie'l««, h'^e'ter,
JIfebe'tor, A youth. A young man in the p<aiod
of adoleseenee.
ADO'LIA. A Malabar plant, whoso lear^
put in oil, form a linimen^ uoa bx IhirflHatittg
labour.
ADOR, Zeamaya.
ADORIOK, Daucof :aroU.
«
ADOUaiSSANT
M
iBGTPTIA
ADOUCISSANTj Demulcent
AD PONDUS OM'NIUM. The weight of the
whole. In a prescription it means, that any
|MU*ticaIar ingredient shall equal in weight the
whole of the others.
AD RAO ANT, Tragacantha.
ADRA RIZA, Aristolochia clematitis.
ADROBO'LON, from adpo(, 'great,' and^Xo;,
* mass.' The bdellium of India, which is in larger
pieces than that of Arabia.
ADROS, aipoi, ' plump and fiill.' Applied to
the habit of body, and also to the pulse. — Hippo-
crates.
ADS ARIA PAL A, Dolichos pruriens.
ADSPIRATIO, Aspiration, Inspiration.
ADSTANS, Prostate.
ADSTITES GLANDULOSI, Prostate.
ADSTRICTIO Astriction, Constipation*
ADSTRICTORIA, Astringents.
ADSTRINGENTIA, Astringents.
ADULAS'SO. T^he Juatitia hivalvi: A small
ghrub, used in India as a local application in gout.
ADULT, see Adult age.
Adult Aqb, Andri'a, from adoleaeerej 'to
grow to,' {ad and olerCf o^ifum, ' to gjrow.') Ft-
riVittf, The age succeeding adolescence, and pre-
ceding old age. In the civil law, an adult is one,
who, if a boy, has attained the age of fourteen
Tears ; and, if a girl, of twelve. In the common
law, one of full age. Adult, AdtU'tua, is also
used for one in the adult age.
ADULTERATIO, Falsification.
ADULT US, see Adult age.
ADUNCATIO UNGUIUM, Onychogryphosis.
ADURENS, Caustic,
ADURION, Rhus ooriaria.
ADUST, Adut'tutf from adurere, (ad and
mrerCf) 'to bum.' The blood and fluids were
formerly said to be adust, when there was much
heat in the constitution and bat littie serum in
the blood.
ADUSTIO, Adustion, Bum.
ADUS'TION, Adut'tio, State of the body
described under Adust. In surgery, it signifies
eauten'xation.
ADVENTITIOUS DISEASES, Acquired dis-
6ases.
ADVENTITIUS, Accidental.
ADYNA'MIA, Tmpoten'tia ; from a, privatiye,
and ivvaitif, 'strength,' Adyna'aia, Adyna'tia,
Considerable debility of tho vital powers ; as in
typhus fever. Some Nosologists have a class of
diseases under the name AdynamuB, Ec'lyaet,
Morbi aatheu'ici,
AoTNAmA ViRiLTS, Impotence.
ADYNAM'IC, Adynam'icua, ffypodynam'ie,
Bypodynam'iena ; same etymon. Appertaining
fo debility of the vital powers.
ADYNASIA, AdyTiamia.
ADYNATIA, Adynamia.
ADYNATOCOMIUM, Hospital.
ADYNATODOCHIUM, HospitaL
ADYNATOS, Sickly.
JEDCEA, Genital Organs.
iED(£'AGRA, from atiotOf 'genital organs,'
and aypa^ ' seizure.' Gout in the genitals.
ADCEAG'RAPHY, JEdcRagraph'ia, from oi-
^la, ' organs of generation,' and xfMi^c#, ' I de-
scribe.' A description of the organs of gene-
• ration.
.fiDCBAL'OGY, JBdcealog'^ta, from atSota, 'the
I*qdendum,' and Xoyo;, 'a description.' A treatise
#11 the organs of generation.
iBDCBAT'OMY, jEdwatom'ia, JSdceotom'ia,
^diBot'omif j^daeot^omy, from aiiota, 'the pu-
tfmdum,' and rttttm, 'I cot' Dissection of the
parts of generation.
iEBDCEI'TIS, jEdceoti'tit, MtdtH'tU; from ai-
l9ia, 'genital organs,' and «ft«, denoting faiflaai-
mation. Inflammation of the genital organs.
iED(EOBL£NORRH(EA, Lencorrhoea.
^DCEODYN'IA, from aiooio, 'genital organs'
and oivvnif * pain.' Pain in the genitals. Pnden-
dagra.
^D(EOGARGALUS, Masturbation, Nym-
phomania.
^D(EOGARGARISMUS, Masturbation,
Nyn^)homania.
iED(EOMANIA, Nymphomania.
J?D(EON, Inguen.
.£D(EOPSOPHESIS, iEdoeopsophia.
^DCEOPSOPH'IA, jEd<Bop9ophe'9i»f from m-
ioia, 'the pudendum,' and ^o^tiv, 'to make a
noise.' Emission of wind by the urethra in man,
by the vagina in woman. — Sauvages and Sagor.
iED(E0P80PniA Uterika, Physometra.
.£DGSOTITIS, ^doeitis— ffi. Gangrst^nosa,
Colpocace — fe. Gangrasnosa puellarum, Colpo>
cace infantilis — ae. Gangrasnosa puerperarumy
Colpocace pnerperarum.
^DCEOTOME, iEdoeatomy.
-ffiDCEOTOMIA, ^doeatomy.
-ffiDCEOTOMY, -ffidoeatomy.
iEDOPTOSIS, Hysteroptosis— 8&. Uteri, Pro-
lapsus uteri — ee. Uteri in versa, Uterus, inversion
of the — 89. Uteri retro versa, Retroversio uteri —
aa. Vaginal^, Prolapsus V. — aa. VesiosB, Ezocyste.
^EIG'LUCES, Aeig'lucea, from <ui, 'always,'
and yXvKvSf 'sweet' A kind of sweet wine or
must — Gorraeus.
iEGAGROPI'LA, JScra^rrM)t7ut, fromaiyay^^
'tiie rock goat,' and wiaos, 'hair,' Bizoar d'AUe^
tnagntf Pila Datna'rum seu Bupicapra'rum. A
ball composed of hairs, found in the stomach of
the goat: once used medicinally. — Beaoar.
iEGEIROS, Populus.
.£GER, Sick.
iE'GIAS, ^gia, JEglia, JE'gidea, from a(C, 'the
goat;' why, is not known. (F.) Aigt or Aigle*
There is obscurity regarding tiie precise meaning
of this word. It was used to designate an ulcer,
or speck on the transparent cornea. — Hippocrates.
Maitre Jean uses it for a calcareous deposit
between the conjunctiva and sclerotica.
.£GIDES, iBgias.
^'GILOPS, An'ehilopa, An'hylopa, from «f,
'goat,' and wt^, 'the eye.' An ulcer at the greater
angle of the eye, which sometimes does not pene-
trate to the lachrymal sac, but at others does,
and constitutes fistula lachrymalis. — Galen, Cel-
sus, OribasiuB, A^'tius, Paulus of ^gina, Ac
^GrRINON. An ointment of which the fruit
or flower of the poplar was an ingredient; from
atyttpoff ' the black poplar.'
JRQLIA, £gias.
.£GOC£RAS, Trigonella foennm.
iEGOLETHRON, Ranunculus flammula.
JEGONYCHON, Lithospermum officinale
.fflGOPHONIA, Egophony.
-SGOPHONICUS, Egophoni<^
iEGOPODIUM PODAGRARIA, Ligusticum
podagraria.
^GRIPPA, Agrippa.
JEGRITUDO, Disease— SB. YentricuU, Vomit-
ing.
iBGROTATIO, Disease.
^GROTUS, Sick.
^GYP'TIA. An epithet for several medi-
cines, mentioned by Galen, Paulus of JBgina,
and Myrepsus.
^oyp'tia Moschata, Hibiscus abelmoschus.
JEqyb'tia SttPTB'RIA, Atyvwrta rniimfpia,
^Egyptian alum. Recommended by Hippocr.
JBgyp'tia Ul'ckra ; .£gypHan ulcera, Ulcert
of the fauces and tonsils, meribed by Areuaofi
as common in Egypt and Syria.
MamiAcxm
51
JBTHBB
JtOTPTIACUM, JEsypHxim, Mtnd^9%<m, Mel
JB^jttiaeum^ Pkar^maeum jEgyptiaeum, A pre-
paration of rinegar, honey, and Terdigris, scarcely
Dsed now» except by yeterinary BurgeonB aa a de-
tergent, See Linimentam .£ni£;mis.
jEGYPTION, iBgyptiacnm.
iSGYPTIUM MEDICAMENTX7M AD
AURES, Pharmacnm ad aores.
^OTP'TIUS PESSUS : JSffgpHan pe»9ary,
A pcBsary, composed of honey, toipentUie, batter,
oil of lily or of rose, safiron, each one part; with
•ometimee a small quantity of rerdigris.
AEICHRYSON, Sednm.
iBIPATHEIA^ see Continent (Disease.)
AEIPATHIA, see Continent (Disease.)
^MOPTOICA PASSIO, Hsmoptysifl.
iENEA, Catheter.
iBOLECTHTMA, Variola.
JBOLLION, VarioeUa.
^OLLIUM, Varicella.
JBON, aicMT. The entire age of a man from
birth till death. — Hippocrates, Oalen. Also, the
apinal marrow. See Medulla Spinalis.
iBONESIS, Fomentation.
^ONION, Sednm.
iBO'RA, from ai«f CM, 'I suspend.' Gestation,
■winging. — ^AStins, Celsus, Ac
iEQDALIS, Equal.
.SQUA'TOR OC'ULL The line formed by
the union of the upper and under eyelid, when
they are dosed. It is below the middle of the globe.
iBQUIVOCUS^ EqnivocaL
AER, Air.
AERATION OF THE BLOOD, H»matoris.
AERATUS, Carbonated.
AiR^j Carbonated.
JBREOLUM, ^reoluM, Chahnu. The sixth
bart of an obolns by weighty consequently about
2 gruns.
^'RESIS, Mftns, 'the removal of any thing.'
A suffix denoting a removal or separation, as
Apkeeritit, JHariau, Ac.
AERGIA, Torpor.
aer,
AERIF'EROUS, AiH/er, (P.) Airifh'e, from
r, < air,' and ferre, 'to carry.' An epithet for
tubes which eonv^ air, as t^e laiynx, trachea,
and bronchia.
AERIFLUX'IJS. The dischfu^e of ga«, and
the fetid emanations from the sick. Flatulence.
— SauYages.
AERODIAPH'THORA, trom tuip, 'air,' and
ItufBopm, 'corruption.' A corrupt state of the air.
AERO-ENTERBCTASIA, Tympanites.
AEROI/OGY; Airolog"%a, Airohg^'id, from
■M^ 'air,' and Xeyvr, 'a description.' That part
of physios which treats of the air, its qualities,
lues, and action on the animal economy.
AER'OMANCY, Airomaniifa, from an^, 'air,'
and ftiavnta, 'divination." An art in judicial as*
trology, which consists in the foretelling, by
means of the air, or substances found in the at-
BosphOTe.
AEROMELI, Fraxinufl omus.
A&ROPiRITONIB, see Tympanites.
A^ROPHOB'IA, from m, <air,' and ^o/Stff,
'fear.' Dread of the air. This symptom often
ftocompanies hydrophobia, and sometimes hyste-
lia and other affections.
a£R0PH0B'ICUS, AircpVohut; same ety-
ason.^ One affected with aerophobia.
AEROPH0BU8, Aerophobious.
AEROPHTHORA, Aerodiaphthora.
A£R0PLSUR1JB, Pneumothorax.
AJSBOSIB, PneumatosiB, Tympaaltetf.
AfiROTHORAX, Pneumothorax.
iBBUCA, Cnpri subMetaa.
uBRU'GINOUS, .£htff%no'»w, lo'de9, h<m
JSrugo, 'verdigris.' (F.) jSrugineuae. Resem.
bling verdigris in colour; as the bile when dis-
charged at times from the stomach.
ASRU'GO,io«,from««, 'copper.' Therustof any
metal, properly of brass. See Capri Subacetas,
JRnvao Fbrri, Ferri subcarbonaA— es. Plombiy
Plumbi subcarbonas.
^S, Cuprum.
iESCHOS, aioxof' Deformity of the body ge*
nerally, or of some part. — Hippocrates.
^S'CULUS HIPPOCAS'TANUM, from Mca,
'food,' [?] Caata'nea equi'na, Pavi'na, J?br«e.
cheHnut, Buok^e, (F,) Marronier ePInde. Hat,
Ord. HippocastanesB. Sex, SytU Heptandria Mo-
nogynia. The bark has been advised as a substi-
tute for cinchona. Both bark and fruit are as-
tringent Externally, it has been employed, like
dnchona, in gangrene.
^SECAVUM, Brass.
iBSTATES, Ephelides.
^STHE'MA, MffOfifia, gen. euvBrtnarof, 'a sen-
sation, a perception.' See Sensation and Sensi-
bility. In the plura^ aHhe^mata, the apparatusef
of the senses.
iSSTHEMATOL'OGY, jE»tkematolog*'ia ;
from attOnfta, uid Xoyof, 'a description.' The
doctrine 9^ or a treatise on, the senses, or on the
apporatos of the senses.
iBSTHEMATONU'SI, JEtthematorganonu'n,
from aivBtifLOf and vovooi, 'diseases.' Diseases
affecting sensation.
^STHEMATORGAKONUSI, Athemato-
nusL
iESTHE'SIS, AMtie'm, from ai«r^avo/iai, 'I
feel.' The faciUty of being affected by a sensa-
tion. Perception. Sensibility, as well as the
senses themselves. ~ See Sense.
.SSTHETERION, Sensorium.
iESTHET'ICA, from «i<r3ayo/iai, 'I feeL' Dis-
eases affecting the sensations. Dulness, depra-
vation or abolition of one or more of the external
organs of sense. The 2d order, class Neurotica,
of Good. Also, agents that affect sensation.—
Pereira.
.fiSTIVUS, EstivaL
iESTUARIUM, Stove.
.fiSTUATIO, Ardor, Ebullition, Fermentation*
ASTUS, Ardor.
iEsTVfl Volat'icvs. Sudden heat^ scorching
or flashing of the face. — VogeL
^TAS, Age — SB. Bona, Adolescence — sb. De-
erepita, Decrepitude — sb. Mala, Senectus — sb.
Provecta, Senectus — sb. Senilis, Senectus.
^THER, EOur, from aiSvp, 'air,' or from «^m,
'I bum.' Xtgtior mihe'reut. A volatOe liquor ob-
tained by distillation from a mixture of alcohol
and a concentrated acid. See iBther sulphuricus,
and Ether.
iBTHBR 0HLORICT7B, Chloroform; Ether, chlorio.
.Sthbb Htdroctak'ictts, JEther Prw'netu,
Hydroe^an'ie Ethers Bvdroey'amaU of Etk'^rine,
Oyan'uret of Eth'uU, (F.) Ether Hvdroeyanique,
has been advised in hooping>cough, and where
the hydrocyanic acid is indicated. Dose, 6 dbrops.
JBthrr LioirosiTS, Acetone.
Mtbxb. Martialis, Tinctura seu Alcohol sul-
ftuico-sBthereus ferri.
iBTHER Muriat'icus, Muriotfio or Okloroky-
drie Ether, Mu'riate of Etherine, OMoride of
Ethyls. This ether, on account of its volatility,
can only be kept in cool places. It has Uie pro-
perties of the other ethers, and when usecL ig
generally mixed with an equal bulk of alcohol.
tt has been employed as an ansesthetio. A OMth-
rinated Ohlorohydric Ether, (F.) £th€r Ohlofm
hydriMu ehlori, formed by the action of Cfhhrin^
on Chtorohydrie Ether, has been introdaoed iait
practice m a local ansBfUietio.
iBTHEREA H£RBA
6S
AFFEABNT
NlTRIOITS ALCOOLISATtTS, SpiritCUl
Vlheris nitrici — 8B. Pyro-acetionf, Acetone.
iBTHBR Sclphd'bicus, -^. Vitriol' teuty Naph-
Aa Vitriolif Sul'phurie Ether. Ether prepared
trora nUphuric ether and alcohoL
Rectijied Ether, JEther recti/iea*tn», prepared
by dUtilling 12 os. from a mixture of eul^urie
Jlher, f^xir, /tued potaetf ^M. and dittilled
%oater, f^ij, is a limpid, colourless, verj inflam-
mable, Tolatile liquor ; of a penetrating and fra-
grant odour, and hot pungent taste. Ite s. g. is
0.732.
ASther S»lphurieu§, Sulphurie Ether of the
Pharmacopoeia of the United States (1842),
jEther of that of 1851, is formed from alcohol,
Oir ; eufphuric acid, Oj j poiatea, Jvj ; diutiUed
voter, f3iij; distilling and redistilling according
to the process there laid down. The epeciflo gra-
vity of this ether is 0.750.
It is a diffusible stimulant, nareotie and anti-
■pasmodic, and is externally refrigerant. Dose,
fftt XXX to f 3IS8. When ether is inhaled, it is
round to be a Taluable anaesthetic agent ; and is
•mployed with advantage in spasmodic affections,
and in surgical operations. See AnsBsthetio.
The Parisian Codex has an jEther ae^ticue, an
JEther mnria'tieus sen hydrochlcr'ieHe, an ^ther
iH'fricM seu nitro^ema, and an ^ther phoepho-
ra'tue. They all possess similar Tirtnes. See
AnsBsthetic.
JRTKEti SuLPHtnticrs Acinvs, Elixir aoidum
Balleri — as. Sulphuricus cum alcohole, Spiritns
aetheris sulphurici — sd. Sulphuricus cum alcohole
aromaticus, Spiritus sstheris aromaticus.
JEther TERBBUfTHiiCA'TUS, Terebinth'inated
ttihar, made by mixing gradually two pounds of
wtieohol, and half a pound of tpirit of turpentine,
with two pounds of concentrated nitrie acid, and
distilling one-half the mixture with a gentle heat.
Employed externally and internally in biliary
calculi, rheumatism, Ac Dose 20 to 40 drops,
in honey or yolk of egg.
iBTHEREA HERBA, Eryn^nm maritimum.
JETHE'REAL, Eihe'real, Ethe'reoue, JSthe'.
reut, (F.) ithirie. An ethereal tincture, (F.)
Teinture (thirte, is one formed by the action of
fulphuric ether, at the ordinary temperature, on
medicinal substances. An ethereal oil is a rola-
tile oil. See Olea Volatilia.
JBTHERIZATIO, Etherization.
JBTHERIZATUS, Etherised.
iBTHE'REO-OLEO'SA (Remedia), from
JBtheroleum, *a volatile oiL' Kemedlee, whoee
properties are dependent upon the volatile oil
they contain.
iBTHEROLEA, Olea volatilia.
ABTHIOP'ICUS LAPIS, Ethiopian stone. A
•tone formerly supposed to be possessed of oon-
•iderable virtue. — Oribasins.
.STHIOPIFICA'TIO, uEthiapcpot'eia, JSthi^
ppit^mtu, ^thiopu/eie, firom JBthiope, tokd/aeere,
'to make.' The mummy-like colouring of the
■kin, induced at times by the use of mercurial
•intment; and seen in bodies poisoned by arsenic.
JETHIOPIOSIS, ASthiopificatio.
iBTHIOPIS, SalvU sclarea.
ABTHIOPISMUS, JSthiopificatio.
.fiTHIOPOPOESIS, iBthiopifioatio.
JB'THIOPS, from ai5w, 'I bum,' and «<^,
'eoantenance.' A black or burnt countenance.
The ancients gave this name to certain oxides
and sulphurets of metals, which were of a'blaok
eolonr.
JSthiops ALBTTft, Albino — sb. Alcalisatos, Hy-
4rargyrum cum ereXJk — se. Animal, see Choroid.
iBTHiOPB Martia'lis, Ferri JDeutoacfjfdmm ni-
§rwn. The black deatoxide of iron : onoe in re-
/mia MS M tonio,
Jhmzopg MoMMALts, Ejdnrgjri falpbaretiim
nigrum — ee. Narcoticns^ Hydrnrgyri snlphuretnm
nigrum — te. per se, Hydrargyn oxydum cinereum
— SB. Saccharatus, Uydrargyrum saccharatum—
SB. Vegetabilis, see Fucus vcKlculosns.
^THOL'ICES, from flK*«, 'I bum.' Fiery
pustules on the skin. Some have considered
them to have been hoih,
ASTHUSA AMMI, Sison ammu
iBTHu'sA CTXA'pirsi, F00V9 Partley, (F.) Fama
Pereil, Petite Cinnf. Family, Umbellifera). Sex,
Sv9t. Pentandna Digynia. A poisonous plant,
which has been mistaken for true parsley, pro-
ducing nausea, vomiting, headache, giddiness,
sopor, and at times, fatu results. It resembles
conium in its action.
ASthu'sa Mbum, 3feym, M, Aihaman^ticumf
seu Anethi/o'lium, Athametn'ta Meum, Liaue'tienm
Capilla'eeum seu Meum, See'eli Jfeum, Meu, Spiff'
nel, Baldmonejf, (F.) ithute, ilium. The root hafl
bcMi advised as carminative, stomachic, Ae.
ABTIOL'OQY, jEtiohg^ia, Etiol'ogy, Aitio-
loff"ia, from airia, 'cause,' and Xeyt, 'a dis-
course.' The doctrine of the causes of disease.
^TFTES, from atrof, 'an eagle.' Eagle-atone,
Pierre d^Aigle, Hydrate de triioxide defer. This
stone was formerly supposed to facilitate delivery,
if bound on the Uiigh ; and to prevent abortion,
if bound on the arm. It was also called Lapi%
Collymue,
MTOI PHLEBES, Temporal veins.
JETOLION, Cnidia grana.
AFFADISSEMENT, (F.) from fade, 'insipid.'
That condition of the digestive function in which
the appetite is diminished, the sense of taste
blunted, and the action of the stomach enfeebled;
a irtate usually accompanied by general languor.
AFFAIBLISSEMENT, Asthenia.
AFFAIRES, Menses.
AFFAISSEMENT, CoUapsua.
AFFECTIO, Affection— a. Arthritica Cordis,
Cardiagra — a. Hypochondriaca, Hypoohondriaaif
— a. Hysterica, Hysteria — a. Samatioa, Plica—
a. Tympanitica, Tympanites.
AFFECTION, Affe^tio, from affieio or a/ee-
tare {ad and faeere,) 'to move or influenoe.'
Any mode in which ^e mind or body is affected
or modified.
AFFECTION TYPHOtDS, see Typhus —
a. Vaporeuee, Hypochondriasis.
AFFECTIONES ANIMI, Affections of the
mind.
AFFECTIONS OF THE MIND, Affe</tu» sen
Paeeio'nee seu Ajfectio'nee seu Conqua^aatio' nee
sen Confueio'nee sen Tttrbatio'nea seu Pertwrha-
tio'nee an'imi, (F.) Affectione de fdme include not
only the different paasions, as love, hatred, jea-
lousy, Ac, but every condition of Uie mind that
is accompanied by an agreeable or disagreeable
feeling, as pleasure, fear, sorrow, Ac.
In Pathology, Affection, Pathoe, Pathe'ma, is
synonymous with disease: this we speak of a
pulmonary affection, a ealculoue affection, Ac.
AFFECTIONS DE L'AME. Aff^tions of
the mind.
AFFECTIVE. Thatwhich affects, touches, Ac.
Gall gives the term affective facuhiee (F.) Faeul'
tie affective; to functions aependent upon the
organization of the brain, comprising the senti-
ments, affections, Ac
AFFECTUS, Passion — a. Fandum pesttlens,
Cyanche maligna — a. Hyderodes, Hy(frops — a.
Spasmodico-convulsivns labiorum. Neuralgia fa-
ciei.
AF'FERENT, Afferene, Centnyetal, Eeod'ie,
from affero, (ad and /ero, 'to carry,') 'I bring.'
Conveying inwards, as from the perii^ery to the
centre The vesseli whieh eoiivej the lymph to
the lymphitie glindi, va eilled «f treat. Ala^
APFIOK
58
AOQLUTINANT
Berres that eonvej impressions towards the nerr-
ous centres — nervi sntobmnon'tet.
AF'FION, Offium, O'pium, The Bantamese
tha« designate an electuary of which opium is the
basa^. and which they use as an excitant.
AFFLA'TUS, Adjla'tus, Epipnoi'a, from ad,
'to,' and ^art 'to Mow/ Any air Uiat strikes
the body and produces disease.
AF'FLUENCE, Af/ux^ from ajffltiere, {ad and
yfwerc, *to flow,') 'to flow to.* A flow or deter-
mination of humours, and particularly of blood,
towards any part.
AFFLUXUS, Fluxion.
AFFU3I0, AflPusion — a. Frigida, see Aifusion
— a. Orbicularis, Placenta
AFFU'SION, Affu'no, Pro^ehytU, Epich*yn»,
from ady 'to,' taid /undtret fttntmf 'to pour.' The
acdon of pouring a liquid on any body. Affu-
noma, Bkjffritolu'tia, cold and warm, are used in
different diseases. The cold affunon, Affu'no
sen Per/u'*io /rig"idap is said to hare been bene-
ficial in cutting short typhus fever and scarlatina,
if used during the firat days. It consists in pla-
cing the patient in a tub, and pouring cold water
over him ; then wiping him dry, and putting him
to bed. The only precaution necessary, is, to
use it in the state of greatest heat and exacerba-
tion ; not when chillkiess, or topical inflamma-
tion, is present.
AFIUM, Opium.
AFTER-BIRTH, Secundines.
AFTER-PAINS, see Pains, labour.
AG ACE 3f EXT, (P.) from a«o{«y, 'to sharpen.'
The setting on edge.
AOACEMENT DES DENTS. A disagree-
able sensation experienced when acids are placed
in contact with the teeth. Tooth edge. Setting
the teeth on edge.
AGAOEJiEXT DES NERFS, A slight ir-
ritation of the system, and particularly of the
organs of sense and locomotion, corresponding
nesrly to the English Fidget*^
AGALACTATIO, Agalactia.
AGALACTIA, Agalax'ia, AgaUu^txo, Agalae-
ta'tiOf De/ecfttte lae'tte, Oiigoga'lia, Oligogalae'-
fio, from a, privadre, and yaXa, 'ndlk.' Absence
of milk in the mammas.
AGALAXIA. Agalactia.
AGAL'LOCHUM, from ovaXXo/tai, 'to become
splendid,' CalambaCf Onlamboukt Ltg'num AgaV-
lochi reri, Lig'num AVoit, L, A*pnVaih\, Xylo-
tUolt, Aioee v*ood. A resinous and very aromatic
wood of the East Indies, from Excaca'ria AgaV-
loeka, Oynometra AgaFtoehutHf Alolxfylon Aged'-
loekvm. Used in making pastils, Ac. — Diosco-
zides, Oribasius, Paulus.
AGAMOUS, see Cryptogamous.
AG'ARIC, Agar'ieum. A genus of plants in
the Linnaean system, some of which are edible,
others poisonous. It was so called from Agaria,
ft region of Sarmatia. — Diosoorides. - Among the
ediUe rariettes of the Boletus, the following are
the chieCi 1. The Agar'icue edtt'lU sen Arven'eie
sen SyWafiewi seu Oampet'tris, (F.) Agaric eomee-
tibU et ekampignon de couehe. 2. The Agar'ieus
odnra'twt, (F.) Mou9$eron. The most common
poisonous varieties are the Agar'icua neea'tory
(F.) Agnrie meurtrier: and 2. The Agarieus
aerUf (F.) Agaric dcre ; besides the Auranite, a
eub-genus, which includes several species. One
of the most delicate is the Agartctu AurarUiaeuef
but care must be taken not to confound it with
the A. Ptev 'o-aurantiaetUf which is very poi-
sonous. The A. aurantlacus is called, in French,
Oronge, See Poisons, Table of.
AoAKic, see Boletus igniarius — a. Blane, Bo-
letus laricis — a. de Chf.ne, Boletus igniarius — a.
Bgletofl igjusiias — s, of tie Oakj
tusigniariujh— a. Ocloranf, DsBdaleasoaveolens-*
a. White, Boletus laricis.
AGARICUM, Boletus igniarius.
AGARICUS, Boletus igniarius— a. Albus, Bo-
letus laricis — a. Arvensis, see Agaric — a. Auran*
tiaous, Amanitse, Bolites — a. Auriculssfonnay
Pezisa auricula — a. Campestris, see Agaric — a.
Chirurgorum, Boletus igniarius — a. Igniarius^
Boletus igniarius — a. Laricis, Boletus laricis —
a. Pseudo-aurantiacus, Amanitae — a. QueroflSy
Boletus igniarius — a. Sylvatious, see Agaric.
AGASYLLIS GALBANUM,Bubongalbanum.
AGATHIS DAMARRA, Pinus damarra.
AGATHOSMA CRENATUM, Diosma ore.
nata.
AGATHOTES CHIRAYITA, GenUana chi.
rayita.
AGA'Vfi AMERICA'NA, A. Batm/ea, Ameri-
can Agave, American aloe, Maguey, from ayawofp
'admirable.' Nat. Ord. Bromeliacess. Sex. Syet,
Uexandria Monogynia. This plant has been
considered diuretic and antifiypbilitic. The fa-
vourite drink of the Mexicans — Pulque — is tho
fermented juice of this plant.
Agave Ramoba, A. Americana.
Agave Virgin'ica, Jiattlemake^e matter i—-
grows in the Southern States. The root is very
bitter. It has been used in tincture as a carmina-
tive in colic ; and as a remedy fur bites of ser*
pents. I
AGE, 'i7Xfcia, HelVkia, JEtati — Of uncertain
etymon. Period of life. Time that has elapsed
since birth, Ac. Fiv^ ages wre often designated
in the life of man. I. First infancy { In/an' tia;)
2. Second infancy {Pneri"tia;) 3. Adolescence
(AdoleecenUia:) 4.- The adult age {VirU'ita9:)
5. Old age (Senec'tuM.)
AGENEIOS, Imberbis.
AGEN'ESIS, from a, privative, and yevtnt,
'generation.' Imperfect development of any pari
of the body; as cerebral ageneeie, i. e. imperfect
development of the brain in the foetus.
AGENNESIA, Impotence, Sterilitas.
AGENNESIS, Impotence.
AGENOSO'MUS; from o, privative, Yswam,
'I generate,' and ewfiaf 'body.' A malformation
in which the fissure and eventration are chiefly
in the lower part of the abdomen ; the urinary
or sexual apparatus absent or very rudimentary.
AGENT, Agene, from agere, 'to act.' Any
power which produces, or tends to produce an
efi'ect on the human body. Morbific agents, (F.)
Agent inorbifignet, are the causes of disease;—
therapeutical agents, (F.) Agent tfUrapeutiquet,
the means of treating it.
AGER NATURE, Uterus.
AGERA'SIA, Intenetcen'tia, from a, privative,
and yi^pac, 'old age.' A vigorous and green old
age.
AGERATUM, Achillea ageratum.
AGE'RATUS LAPIS. A stono used by cob-
blers to polish shoes. It was formerly esteemed
discutient and astringent — Galen, Oribasius^
Paulu8.
AGES, Palm.
AGEUSIA. Ageustia.
AGEUS'TIA, Agheut'tia, Ageu*»\a, Apog^'ut**
tia, Apogeu'tia, Dytcptthe'tia guetato'rin, Pnra-
^«n'«»«, from a, priv., and ywcij, 'taste.' Dimi-
nution or loRS of taste, Anatthe'tia lingua. Sau-
vages, Cullen.
AGGLOM'ERATE, Agglomera'tnt, from ag^
glomirare (ad and glomerare, 'to wind up yarn
m a ball,') 'to collect together.' Applied to tu-
mours or glands in aggregation.
AGGLU'TINANT, Agglu'tinant, CoUet'ieuty
•ius — a. ] Oln'tinant, from gluten, 'glue' (F.) Aggluttnaali
r. Bole- iJ^ffiutinati/, Glutinatif. Remedlei W«W lot-
TO AGOLTTTINATB
54
AGRTPKODES
meriy so called, which were considered capable
of uniting divided parts. — Panlus.
Plasters are called ctgglutinantt, (F.) aggluti-
mattf; which adhere strongly to the skin. Cer-
tain bandages are likewise so termed. (F.) Ban-
deUttet agglutinativet.
TO AQGLU'TINATE. The French use the
word agglutiner, in the sense of 'to reunite;' as
agglutiner let livrea cTune plaU, 'to reunite the
lips of a wound.'
AGGLUTINATIF, Agglutinant
AGGLUTINATIO, Coition.
AGGLUTINATION, Cotte'm, EpirolW^U,
ProtcoUe'nif Olutina'tio, from txgglutinare, *to
glue together.' The first degree of adhesion.
Also, the action of agglutinants.
AGGLUTINER, roz^\aHixi».\».
AG'GREGATE, Aggrega'tut, from aggregare,
{ad and gregare,) 'to flock together/ 'to assemble
together.' Glands are called tiggregaf which
are in clusters. See Peyeri Glandules. Aggrt-
gate pUU, (F.) Pilule* c^rSgativee, signified,
formerly, those which were b^eved to contain
the properties of a considerable number of medi-
cines, and to be able to supply their place.
AGHEUSTIA, Ageustia.
AGHOUL, Agul.
AGIAHA'LID or AGIHA'LID or AGRA-
HA'LID. An Egyptian and Ethiopian shrub,
jpimilar to Ximenia, The Ethiopians use it as a
rermifiige. The fruit is purgative.
AGIHALID, AgiahaUd.
AGISSANTy Active.
AGITATION, Agita'tio, Done'eie; from aaere,
'to act' Constant and fatiguing motion of the
body, Tvrhi, Tyrba'eia, In'quie9f — or distressing
mentAl inquietude, — An'imi AgiUx^txo,
AGITATORIUS, Conrul'sive.
AGLOS'SIA, from a, privative, and y^ttwa,
* the tongue.' A malformation, wbdch consists in
the want of a tongue.
AGLOSSOS'TOMA, from Aglotna, and eTo/ta,
'mouth.' A mouth without a tongue.
AGLOSSOSTOMOG'RAPHY, Aglo-ottomo^
gra'phia, from a, priv., yAwetra, 'the tongue,'
«ro/ia, 'the mouth,' and YP^^<*t 'I describe.'
Description of a mouth without a tongue. — Ro-
land (of Saumur).
AGLUTI'TION, Agluti'h'o, from a, prir., and
alutire, ' to swallow.' A hybrid term, designat-
ing impossibility of swallowing. — Linnnus.
AG MA. Fracture.
AGMATOLOG"IA, from ay/ia, fr^ture, and
Xoyof, ' a description.' The doctrine of fractures.
A treatise on fractures.
AGME, Fracture.
AGMINA DIGITORUM MANUS, Phalanges
of the fingers. — a. Membrana, Amnios.
AGMINATED GLANDS, Pcyer's glands.
AGNA'THIA, from a, priv., and yvaOof, 'jaw.'
A malformation, which consists in the want of
the jaw, especially of the lower.
AGNINA MEMBRANA, Amnios.
AGNOI'A, Agna'a from a, priv., and ytvovintf
'I know.' State of a patient who does not recog-
nise individuals. — Hippocrates, Galen, FoSsius.
AGNUS CASTUS, Vitex.
AGO'GE, aywyn* The order or condition of a
Jisease. — Hippoc, Galen. Likewise the state of
tbe air. — Hippoc, Galen, Gonwus, Foifsius.
AGOGUE, ayiayos, a leader,' from ayu, *I lead
or expel.' Hence CKolagogue, an expeller of
bile : Ifydratfoguef Ac
AGOMPHI'ASIS, Agompho'eie, ftt>m a, privo-
tire, and yo^i^ow, 'I nail.' Looseness of the
IMth. — Gorrieus. See Gomphiasis.
AGOMPHOSIS, Agomphiaaii,
^i^O^', Agoaj.
AG ONE, Hyoscyamufl.
AGONIA, SteriUtas.
AGONISMA, Agony.
AGONISMUS, Agony.
AGONIS'TICA, from ayvv, 'a combat' The
part of ancient gymnastics, which had reference
to the combats of the Athletas.
Also, very cold water, given internally, to calm
febrile heat — Paulus of .£gina.
AGONIZANS, Psychorages.
AGONOS, Sterile
AG'ONY, Agon'iOf Agon, Agont^nuif AgonW-
miM, Mochthue, Mogue, P»ychorag"ia, Peyehor^
rhag"ia, Angor, from avwv, 'a combat' The
last struggle of life. — Galen, Gorrseus, Ac The
agony, which is of longer or shorter duration, is
characterized by great change in the features,
gradual abolition of sensation and motion, loss
of voice, dryness or lividity of the tongue and
lips, rattling in the throat, small and intermit-
tent pulse, and coldness of the extremities.
This state is not present in those who die sud-
denly. See Facies Hippocratiea.
AGOS'TUS, from ayw, 'I lead.' The fore arm
from the elbow to the fingers. Also, the palm
of the hand. — Gomeus. See Palm.
AGRA, ay(M>» from ayptt*, ' I seize hold of.' A
seizure, as Oaontagraf a tooth seizure, toothache ;
Ohiragraf Podagra, Ac
AGRAFE DE VALENTIN, A kind of for-
ceps with parallel branches, employed by Valen-
tin in the operation for hare lip, to effect the ap-
proximation of the edges of the wound.
AGRAHALID, Ag^aUd.
AGr£qATIVES pilules. See Aggrc
gate.
AGRIA, Herpes exedens.
AGRIAMPELOS, Bryonia alba.
AGRICOCCIMELEA, Prunus Spinosa.
AGRIFOLIUM, Hex aquifoUum.
AGRIMONIA, Agrimony — a. Enjpatoriay
Agrimony — a. Odorata, Agrimony — a. Officina-
lis, Agrimony.
AG'RIMONY, Agrimo'nia, A. Eupat</ria seu
odora'ta seu offieina'litf Caf*al, Lap'pula hepcU''
tea, Cockle-bur, Stickwort, (F.) Aigremoine, NaU
Ord, Rosacea}. Sex. SveL Icosandria Digynia.
A mild astringent and stomachic Doee, in
powder, from Hj to 3J>
Agrimony, Hemp, Eupatorium caanabinnm.
AGRIOCASTANUM, Buninm bulbocastanum,
Lycopcrdon tuber.
AGRIOCINARA, Sempervivum teotorum.
AGRIORIGANUM, Origanum m^jorana.
AGRIOSELINUM, Smymum olusatrum.
AGRIOTHYM'IA, from ay^of, 'ferocious,' and
^ftos, 'disposition.' Ferocious insanity. — Sau-
vages.
AGRIPALMA GALLIS, Leonurus eardiaca.
AGRIP'PA, jEgHp'pa, from itger partus, ' dif-
fieult birth:' or perhaps from «yp«» 'taking, or
seizure,' and ««»;, ' the foot' This term has
been given to those bom by the feet It is pre-
tended that the family of Agrippa obtained their
name from this circumstance. Parturition, where
tbe feet present, is called AgripptB partus, Agrip-
pi'nue partus,
AGRIPPINUS PARTUS, see Agrippa.
AGRO DI CEDRO, see Citrus medica.
AGROPYRUM L^VISSUdUM, Triticum re
pens.
AG ROSTIS, Bryonia alba.
AG RUN A, Prunus spinosa.
AGRYPNIA, Insomnia.
AGRYPNOCOMA, Coma yigil.
AGRYPNO'DES, from ayfuxvH, 'sleepleea.'
Characterised by sleeplessness, as Ferris Ayry-
jmodes, a fever aoeompaaicd with sleepleiinen.
AGBTPK0TICU8
M
AITIOH
AORTPNOTICUS, Anthypnotio.
AGRYP'NUS. «xfvr»Df. Sleepless; rigihunt
AGVA DE VE Aug A, tt^y entgBB.
AGUARDIENTE^ Brandy. See also Spirit
— «. de Italia, see Spirit.
A'QUE, from Gothic, agU, 'trembUng/ (?) In-
termitt«nt fever.
AouK AND Fbvsb, Intermittent fever.
Aore Cake, Placen'ta fehri'li; Phyeo'nia
aple'nicHm, P. tpUnica, SpUnit Tumor; (F.) Gd-
Uau fibrile, A viseeral obstmotion — ^generally
in the spleen — which follows agues, and is dis-
tinctly felt by external examination. To a
greater or less degree, it is not nneommon.
AocB, Dead, see Fever, masked. Ague drop,
tasteless, Liquor arsenicalis — a. Dumb, see Fever,
maaked---a. Free, Laorus sassafras — a. Leaping,
aee Leaping ague — a. Quartan, Quartan — a. Ter-
tian, Tertian fever — a. Weed, Eupatorium perfo-
liatnm,
AOCL, AghmU Alka'gi, the ffediw'rum sen
Stdya'rum alkagi. A thorny shrub of Persia
and Mesopotamia, which affords manna. The
leaves are purgative.
AGY'IOX, from a, prir., and yvi«y, Mlmb.'
Mutilated or wanting limbs. — Hippocr. Weak,
feeble. — Galen.
AGYR'IAS, from cyvpif, 'a collection.' Opa-
city of the crystallinc—Aetius, Par6.
AG YBTA, frx)m ayvfc;, * a crowd.* Formerly,
a stroller who pretended to supematnral powers.
Subsequently, a quack or illiterate pretender.
See Charlatan.
AGYRTIA, Charlatanry.
AHO'RA, from a, privative, and '««a, 'youth.'
Tardy development of the organs : — tne opposite
to Hyptrho'ra,
AHOUAI, Thevetia ahonaL
AH USA L, Orpiment.
AHYPNLk, Insomnia.
AWE, (F.) Ad'jutor min'itUr. An assistant
to a surgeon in his operations.
AIDO ROMANIA, Nymphomania.
AIERSA, Iris Germanica.
AIGE, MgiMs.
AIOLE, MINERAL WATERS OF. Near
the city of this name, in Normandy, is the cha-
lybeate spring of Saint Xantin, much used in
the l«th and 17th centuries.
AIGLE, AgULM.
AIGRE, Acidnlons— a. Fotc See Acid.
AIGRELET, Acidulous.
AIGRETTE, see Typha latifolia.
AIGREMOINE, Agrimony.
AIGREURS, Acidities.
AIOU, Acute.
AIGUILLE, Needle— «. a Aeujmneturt, see
Needle— a. d Appareil, see Needle — a. d Bee d«
LU9r€, see Needle— «. d Oataraett, see Needle —
«. de Deaekampe, see Needle— a. EngainSe, see
Needle— a. d FietuU, see Needle— a. d. Gaine,
see Needle — a. d Ligature, see Needle — a. d
ifoaeU, see Needle— «. d Sium, see Needle— a.
d Suture, see Needle.
AIQUILLON, (F.) Spina Helmmftiu A
term used since the time of Van Uelmont to de-
signate the proximate cause of inflammation.
According to him, an inflamed part is hi the
same condition as if an aiguUion or thorn were
thrast into iL
AIGUISER, to Addnlate.
AIL, Allium.
AILE, Ala, ^t^eroR.
AILERON, (F.) Extr^ma Ala sea PiWnula,
diminutive of (F.) AiU, a wing. The extremity
ef Ike wing of a bird, to which the great festben
/
AILERONS DE LA If A TRICE. Thre*
folds at the base of the broad ligaments of tho
uterus, which are occupied by the ovary and itf
ligament, the Fallopian tube, and the round hg^
menL
A IMA, *atfia, see HsBma.
AIM ANT, Magnet. ^
AIMATERA, Hepatirrhoea.
AIMORRH(EA, Hsmorrhagia.
AIMORRHOIS, Hffimorrhois.
AINE, Inguen.
AIPATUIA, Continent disease.
A IP I, Jatropha man i hot.
AIPIMA COXERA, Jatropha manihot
AIPIPOCA, Jatropha manihot.
AIR, Air, Pneuma, from aw, *I breathe.*
Cfommon Air, Atmoepherie air (F.) Air atmoephi^
riqne, is an invisible, traofparent, inodorous, in-
sipid, ponderable, compressible, and elastic fluids
which, under the form of the atmonphere, sur-
rounds the earth to the height of 15 or 16
leagues.
Air is essentially composed of two gases, oxt-
gen and nitrogen, in the proportion of 20 of tne
former to 80 of the latter. Oxygen is the vital
portion, but the nitrogen is necessary to dilute it.
Air also contains a small portion of carbonic acid
gas, and has always floating in it aqueous va-
pour, different terrestrial emanations, Ac. Iti
effects upon the human body vary according to
its greater or loss density, temperature, moisture,
<i;c. ; hence, change of air is found extremely
serviceable in the prevention and cure of certain
morbid conditions. See Climate and Respira-
tion.
AIR ACIDE riTRIOLIQUE, Sulphuroui
acid — a. Alealin, Ammonia — a. Atmoeph^rique,
Air.
Air Bladder, Swim-bladder, Steimming hlad*
der ; (F.) Veeeie natatoire. An abdominal organ
in many fishes, sometimes communicating by
means of a duct with the alimentary contd, M
others, not, which is considered by some to be-
long to the respiratory system. Its contents are
the elements of atmospheric air, but in different
proportions ; and its chief and general function
appears to be to regulate the specific gravity of
the fish.
Air Cells op the Lungs, Bronchial cells; see
Cellule — a. Chamber, Folliculns aeris — a. Dephlo-
gisticated. Oxygen — a. Empyreal, Oxygen — a. dm
Feu, Oxygen — a. Factitious, Carbonic acid — a.
Fixed, Carbonic acid — a. Gatft Azote — a. Inflam-
mable, Hydrogen, Uydrogen carburettod.
Air Passages, (F.) Voiet afrienntt, V. airi-
fire*. The larynx, trachea, bronchia, Ac.
Air, Pure, Oxygen — a. Solid, of Hales, Car-
bonic acid — a. Vicii, Azote — a. Vital, Oxygen.
AIRAIN, Bell-metal, Brass.
AIRE, Areola.
AIRELLE ANGULEUSE, Vaccinium myiw
tillus — a. Ponctuie, Vaccinium vitis idea.
AIRIGNE, Hook.
AIRTHREY, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Airthrey is situate about two miles north of
Stirling, Scotland. The waters are saline ca-
thartics ; containing ohloride of sodium, chloride
of calcium, sulphate of sine, and chloride of mag-
nesium.
AISSELLE, AxUla.
AISTHESLS. ABsthesis.
AITHOMO'MA, from ai^of, 'black.' A bUek
condition of all the humours of the eyOt A**
Par6.
AITIA, Cause.
AITIOLOQY, :fitfologia.
AITION, Cm9.
AIX-L1.0HiiPBLLII
Id 1000 grammcii, 38.51 ci
8, 18.0;
rhH o( (Dlptao-
„_•, 0.131)1 grammw of rarljooiiW of lime,
0.0440 grnmiDoi of carbonate of mmgD«i*, 0.^141
cruimva of corboiulfl of auda, Z.3SUT gnmmti
of chlorido ofiDdiam, O.IBSr afiulpfaMA of khU,
■Dd 0.U705 of tilio. Iha MmpnnMn u 134°
F&hranhoiL
The/<K(.-|.oM ■»(«■ "/ ^■■Jt-ia-anpflfc, A'jaa
JjBimmnps'./t, (F.) A"aM if Ait-la- Vkaptlli^ ia
nailcUj Hiding ptir. leaUr f SiTyss, lo Ajiiro-
min*nr«(«( KaUr f Jil,, rariomti u/ wdn p.
ii, rWor.V(» nftodium fr. ix.— Ph. P.
Tben aro tbsniiaJ gulphiuBuiu aprioga nC Aii
In Suvoj (OS"}, Dtid >«aB tbernul apringt at Aix
Id ProTMM (91°).
AIZOON, 8smp«iTiTnni Icetornm.
A'JIHIA, A. psramirla'lit. OinKVidami'dia,
Bu-gHtn, ». />y™«irfa7«, Teu'eriampj/mtiida'li,
Uprlgkl Ilaylo-, Uiddli CoMound. (F.) llugit
Bgmmlditlt. Tbii pl»at ia lubutriogmt .ud
I ILBCMOUnS
sre*t tot. Tbe lUbMa anil Uaglduu kttribnlsi
Dztnordinary Tirtnc* to It. — Arabiaoi.
ALBAUIAZI, Saoum.
ALBAMENTUM, Allminen otL
ALBAN, SAINT, MINliltAL WATERS OF.
A French acidoloiu cluljbckte, in tfas depulOMDl
bC the Loire.
ALBAKAB ALBA, Lepra ■Iphoido—L l(i£i^
L»pi* ninricana.
ALBAR£S, Lepra alphcudaa.
ALBABOS, Ltpra alphoidn.
ALBATSB, Al^hutu.
ALBEDO UNGUIUM, aeo NalL
ALBiy D'iEVF, Albamen otL
ALBINISM, K« Albino.
ALBINIBMUB, aee Albino.
ALBI'NO 'White.' i.ncs'fKajH, ..CWap*
a/6iH, Z>owfo, trom a(»u, ' vhiU.' (V. ) Slaf ard,
yign-biaitt, A ipaoiah word applied Co iudiTi-
',g on nd;
I TttJ paje, borderi
BDiible, that the J e
n chamnpitjB.
■imilai piuper-
Swjlt, (F.J JliH/U ramfanti, .
Uu.
AKATALIS, Janlpenu sommnnis.
AKATERA, Janipema eommoui*.
AKINESIA, Acineaia.
AKOLUOY, Materia Me««a.
AiCRATOPEU.£, Acralopegn.
ALA, /"ir.*!, PUryj^. '• wing.' (?.) Aili.
A term oflco oied by anatomlsta for parts which
project liks a wiag from the mediu line ; si llie
Ala nan', Ala of \}it •.icmi, Ae. See Aiilla and
Paiilion of the Ear. Alaa, Fteryguim.
Ai.a ExtREKA, lee AiUnm.
ALABAS'TER. Alabtu'nT.m. (T.) AlMtre,
Alaimiri'ia. A Tariet; of eompaot gjpanmi
of which an ointment naa onee made ; — the wi-
gatn'tum alah<utri*num ; uaod as a diBcnCieoL
Alabaiter likowiw entered into ieveral denti-
ALABA.STRITES, Alabailer.
AL« INTERN.fi MIN0RE3 CLITORTDIB,
Kjmphai — a. Majoroe, Labui pudcndi — a. Mioo-
roa, Kjmphai — a. Moliebrea minorea, Njrmphte—
a. Naei, aee Naaoi— a. Pndendl Muliobrii, Labia
pudcadi — ■> Pulmaaum, roe Pnlmo — a. of th(
titenu, >ee Ala — a. Veipeitilionia, •«« UMrni.
.,(£vl/7£A, from (F.) fail, 'milk.' To inoUg.
ALALIA, MuUta*.
AtAM/ltC. Alemblo.
ALANFV'TA. A name girto b; the Arabians
«betwc
and Ion
rUp,
vbieh (hcT were in the habit of opening is
of fcebor of the breath.— Aricenna.
ALAQTTE'CA. The Uindooatanee name of e
■toDe, fnnnd Id small, pulldbed fngmeat', wblcb
la oDuaidered eSeseious Id sireFtlog hcmorrhagt
when applied externally. It ii a lutpbnreC ol
ALARES MUSCULI, PterTgold mneolf*.
At.A'nii Vkhm. The luparfioia] veioa at (bt
fold of Iba arm.
ALA'RIA OSSA. The wlog-Uke
the ipbenni'l bone.
ALA'RIS, Aln'iui, AUform'iii ftem
Ving.' Wint:.ahnp«d ! winged.
ALATERNUS, COMMON, Bhamn
toniDa — a. Latlfollaa, Bhamnna alatcmu
ALA'TUB. Pleiygo'dt; Homo aU'h.
whose seapulm project backward* like tti
ALBAI>'ABAN, Aldabaran. The g
W« of Ibe metaUno-f h al anpj joist
alkio'pia. Alpha' lit ^t)itnp'iea, AUii-
tU<ii^mtu,-Al'bw>mt, Ltuaipatki'a, i»
VettBenll]' in tile Negro. Both aeiea
1 to it. It does not >eem to b« true,
at tribe* of Albinos in the interior of
Africa.
ALBINOISHUS, see Albino.
ALBOR OVI, Albumen otL
AL'BORA. A kind of ileh Dt eomplioatad
lopro.j.-Par«elaua.
ALBOT, Crucible.
ALBOTIM, TorebintiiBa.
ALBUOIN'EA, T^'Moa o(hijiV«, A. TittU,
•i:ritrt-lit,DiirBnialerlewti;Hemhra'iacapnhr.
:niMu. (F.) Alb^iiJi, TiHH^<K albujfinfi. A
stroug, fibrous, and reeiating membrane, which
" itnedistely eoTelopea the tsatide, and has, al
I Dppet part, an enlargement, called corpus
ighmorianam. From ili inner anrface it seodi
r a number of flat, Bliform prolongatioiu or
septa, between which are oontained the semi-
niferoua veuDli. Bitemall; it ia ooTered by th*
ALBUOIN^E, Albnginea, Alhngineoni.
ALBUQIN'EOrS, AUmgiu'ev, 'white,' fl^m
oUu, (F.) Allmginfe. A l«nB applied to tex*
tnren, bumoura, Ac, which are poifeetly white.
ALfusin'coDa Fibbe, (F.l /'tire atbugiiitii. A
name giren by Chnasaiar to what he eonsiden
one of the four elementary Ibtas.
The albugineous Bhre is linear, aylindrieal,
tenacloDi, tlaetic, but little eiteuible. and of a
Bhining, gatiny appearance. It forma faadse or
fasciculi, which eODitituta the tendona. articolar
UgamenU, and aponoumaea) hence the nam*
AUnigititaat miwiraiif, gireu by Chaoaaier ta
the fibroDi membraoea.
Oanthier eonaidered, that tlie rete mncosnn
the namea mtmbra'tim aUo^n'ta fnfvn'dn and
mtmhra'na albugiWta •vptrfinia'lii, reapectiTely.
ALBUOINI'Tia,- (P.) Alityiniu. A term
' employed by aoine aurora for inflammation of
[he albngineoua tifnne. Tbna, gont and rhen.
matiam are regarded aa ipeelei of (be genu*
albaginitls.
ALBUGO OCULORUM, Lenconia — a, OtI,
Albumen on.
ALBULA, Leneoma.
ALBCM CANI8, Albnm gnteniD — a. Cell,
i Celaoenm.
Albdm QtiMcm, Ojnat'opmt, Spn'div^ Orm-
I ra'ruM, Alb^m Canit, Strrw Oani'trnm Aih'tm.
■■ L The white done of tlw do^ It oondM ainiiNl
AiiBUMBK*
if
ALCOHOL
whoUy afpkotpkaU of lime, from the bones ased
M food. li was formerly applied as a discutiont
14> the in«ide of the throat in quinaiee, but Ib
low justly banished from practice.
Album Niauuv. The excrement of the moiue.
A LB I'M OcuLiy see Sclerotic .
Album Rhazis. A white ointment made of
cerusse and lard, prescribed by the*Arabian phy-
ndan Rhazes.
ALBU'MEN, L€Meo'ma, Oofit'a^, Osemun, from
aWus^ * white.' (F.) A/6tciiiitt«. An immediate
principle of animals and regetables, which con-
stitutes the chief part of the white of egg. It is
found in the serum, chyle, synovia, serous fluids,
Ac There is not much difference in chemical
eomposition between animal and Tcgetable albu-
men, fibrin and casein: fibrin alpne appears, how-
ever, to be possessed of plastic properties. Also,
the white of the eye. See Sclerotic
Albu'mex Ovi, Afitt'mor, Alhu'go Ovi, Alhor
Oct, Cnu'didum Ovi, Albu'meHf Clare'ta, Ovi
alhtu liquor, Albumen'tum^ Lac avit or tohiit of
eyj, (F.) Blanc dTauf, (Old F.) Albin (Toeuf, is
nj*ed in pharmacy for suspending oils, Ac, in
water. See Ovum. ■
ALBUJirXE, Alburn.
ALBUMINU'RIA. A hybrid term from 'Alhu-
men,* and ovpov, * the urine/ A condition of the
urine in which it contains albumen, the presence
of which is indicated by its coagidation on the
application of adequate heat.
ALBUMISURORRh£e, Kidney, Bright's
dLsease of the
ALBUMOR, Albumen ovi.
AL'CAEST, AVcaKcMt, Al'ekatti, perhaps from
(G.) all, 'all,' and geist, 'spirit.' A word in-
vented by Paracelsus to designate a liquor, which,
according to him, was capable of removing every
kind of swelling.
The same word was used by Van Ilelmont for
a fancied universal solvent, capable of reducing
every body to its elements.
Alcaest of Glauber Is a thick liquor ob-
tained by detonating nitrate of potassa on hot
eoals, which transforms it into subcarbonate of
potassa.
Alcaest of Rbbpoub is % mixture of potassa
and oxyd of zinc
ALGAHEST, Alcaest
ALCAHOL, Alcohol.
ALCALES'CEXCE, AlkaMtene€,Aleale9em*^
tia. The eondiUon in which a fluid becomes
alkaline.
Alcalksceitcb of the Humoubs was an old
notion of the humourists. It can only occur
daring the putrid fermentation of animal mat-
ters, which contain azote, and produce ammonia.
Alcalin'itt is the quality of^being alealine. •
AL'CALI or Aleam, Al'kali, from al {Arab.,)
* Uie,' and kali, the name of the SaUo'la Soda,
a plant which contains a large quantity of one
of the principal alkalis — 9oda, The alkalis are
substances soluble in water, possessing generally
a urinous, acrid, and caustic taste, turning the
syrup of violets green, and restoring to blue in-
fiiiiun of litmus, which has been reddened by
acids; reddening the yellow of turmeric, and
having the greatest tendency to unite with acids,
whose character they modify, and form salts with
them. In medicine we understand by this term
Pota—a, Soda, or Ammonia.
Alcali, Caustic, Al'kali Cans' tieum, A pure
■IkalL One deprived of its carbonic acid.
Alcalis, Fixed, Soda and potassa; Volatile
Alcali, Ammonia.
Alcau Ahmoniacux Acetatitv, Liquor am-
BMuiss acetatis — a. Ammeniacum fluidutn^ Liquor
FixuiD tartMOMStiuBf Fotauao iW' J
tras — a. Minerale sulphuricum, Soda, snlphaCt
of — a. Tartari aceto saturatum, Potaesso acetas—
a. Vegetabile salito depblogiKticatum, Potasssi
murias hyperozygenatus — a. Vegetabile tartari-
zatum, PotasssB tartra»— a. Vegetabile vitriola-
tum, PotasssB sulphas — a. Volatile acetatom, Li-
quor ammonisB acetatis — a. Volatile aeratum,
AmmonisB carbonas — a. Volatile ex sale ammo-
niaco, AmmonisB carbonas.
ALCALIGENE, Azote.
ALCALINITY. See Alkalescence
ALCANA, Anchnsa officinalis.
ALCANNA MAJOR LATIFOLIA DENTA-
TA, Prinos — a. Orientalis, Lawsonia inermis — a*
Spuria, Anchusa tinotoria — a. Vera, Lawsoni*
inermis.
ALCEA, Hibiscus abelmoschns — a. ^gyptlaea.
Hibiscus abelmosohtts— a. Indica, Hibiscus abel-
moschns.
Alcf/a Ro'bba, Common hollyhock. Emollient^
like Althaea.
ALCHACHENGE, Physalis.
ALCHACHIL, Rosmarinus.
AliCHAEST, Alcahest
ALCHEMIL'LA, said to have been celebrated
with the Alchemists [? ] A, vulga'ri$j Common
Ladies' Mantle, Pes Leo'nis, Leontopo'dium, (F.)
Pied de Lion, Formerly in great repute as an
astringent in hemorrhage.
ALCHEMY, Alchymy.
ALCHITRAM, see Pinus Sylvestris.
ALCHITURA, see Pinus Sylvestris.
ALCHOOL, Alcohol.
ALCHORNEA LATIFOLIA, see Alcomoqne.
AL'CHYMY, Al'chemy, Alchemi'a, Alckimi^a,
Adep'ta Philosoph'ia, from al, an Arnbio par-
ticle, signifying 'superiority, excellence,' and
Ohimia, 'Chymistry.' This word was formerlv
synonymous with Chymistry ; but, from the 7th
century, it has been applied to the mysterioui
art of endeavouring to discover a universal re-
medy, and a mode of transmuting the baser me-
tals into gold : an operation to which they gave
the name Opus magnum, and Philos<tpker*$ stone,
Alchymy has also been called Seien'tia vel
Philosoph'ia Hermet'iea, from an idea that Her-
mes or Mercury was its inventor.
Harris has well defined this chimerical artt
' Ars sine arte, cujus principium est mentiri, Me*
dium laborare, et finis mendioare/
Al'chvmist, FltUua'rius, Adepts, One pre-
tending to alchymy.
ALCOCALUM, Cynara scolymus.
AL'COHOL, AVcahol, Alehool, Alkol, Aleol,
Al'eool, Al'kooL An Arabic word, formerly used
for an impalpable powder, and signifying ' very
subtile, much divided.' At the present day it Ib
applied to highly rectified -spirit of wine : — sea
Spiritus rseti^catus or rectified spirit, distilled
from dried subcarbonate of potassa. In the Ph.
U. S. Alcohol is rectified spirit of the specifio
gravity 0.835.
Alcohol is an inflammable liquor, lighter thaa
water, of a ^arm, acrid taste, colourless, trans-
parent, and of a pungent, aromatic smell. It Ib
the product of the distillation of vinous liquors ;
is miscible with water in all proportions, and is
the direct solvent of resins, balsams, Ac Various
other vegetable principles are soluble in it, and
hence it is used, in different states of concentra-
tion, in the preparation of elixirs, tinctures, e«-
sences, Ac,
Alcohol acts on the animal body as a powerfhl
stimulus : as such, in a dilute form, it is used ia
the prevention and cure of disease. Its habitual
and inordinate use is the cause of many serio^
atfectioDs, of a chronic character e8pecial\;y| «|
visceral ohf tractioiu^ dropsy, 4c
ALCOHOLIC
58
AL6ED0N
Alcohol Mtuhkevb Fbukattts, A. Sulfurioo-
•Dthereas ferri — a. oum Aloe perfoli&td., Tinctora
aloes — 0. Ammoniie et guala6i, Tinotura guaiaci
ammoniata — a. Ammoniatnm, SpirituB ammonisB
— a^ AmmonLatum aromaticum, Spiritas ammo-
nuB aromaticus — a. Ammoniatum foctidam, Spi-
ritU8 ammonioB foetidas — a. Amylicam, Oil, Fusel
— an cum Aromatiboa sulpharicatus, Sulphuricnm
acidum aromaticum — a. com Aromatibus oompo-
bUqs, Tinctura cinnamomi composita — a. Casto*
riatum, Tinctura castorei — a. cum Crotone casca-
rlllJt, Tinctura cascarillte — a. Dilatam, Spiritos
tenuior — a. Ferratus, Tinctura ferri mnriatis —
a. cum Sulphate ferri tartarisatus, see Ferram
tartarisatuin — a. oum Guaiaco officinale ammo-
niatus, Tinctura guaiaci ammoniata — a. lodii,
Tinctura Iodin« — a. cum Opio, Tinctura opii
— a. Sulphuricatum, Elixir acidum HaJleri — a.
Snlphuricum, Elixir acidum Halleri — a. 8ul-
phuris, Carbonis sulphuretam — a. Yini, Spiritos
rectificatus.
AhC0110UlC^AleokoV%etu,Spirituo'9tu,S^r'-
thiou«. Relating to or containing alcohol — as
an afcohoUc drink or remedy.
ALGOL, AlcohoL
ALCOLiE, AphthsB.
ALCOOL, Alcohol — a. Campkri, Spiritos oam-
pbono.
ALCOOLAT, Tincture.
ALCOOLATUM, Tinctore— a. Antiscorboti-
enm, Tinctura de Cochleariis — a. Carminativum
Sylvii, Tinctura de Cochleariis — a. de Croco com-
positum, Tinctura de Croco composita.
ALCOOLISER (F.) Formerly, 'to reduce into
an impalpable powder.' Ko longer used.
ALCOOLOMETER, Areometer.
AL OORNOQUE (F.) Oortex Aleomoeo. The
bark of Alehor'nea Uui/o'liaf of Jamaica, Tfhich
has been considered capable of caring phthisis.
It is bitter, tonic, and slightly astringent. Dose
of the powder "^'i to ^m.
AL'CYON, MaVcyon, A swallow of Cochin
China, whose nest is gelatinous and rery notri-
tious. It has been proposed in medicine as ana-
leptic and aphrodisiac.
ALCYO'NIUM, Battard sponge. The ashes
were formerly employed as dentrifices : they were
believed proper for favouring the growth of the
hair and beard, uid were used in Alopecia.
ALDABARAN, Albadaran.
ALDEHYDE, see Anaesthetio.
ALDER, AMERICAN, Alnus
Black, Prinos, Rhamnus fraagoli
Alnus glntinosa.
ALE, Cerevisia.
ALEACAS, Glycyrrhlxa.
ALECOST, Tanacetum balsamlta.
ALECTO'RIUS LAPIS, Aleeto'rta; from
cXc«rMf , * a cock.' The name of a stone, supposed
to exist in the stomach of the cock, or, according
to others, in that of the oapon, four ye«^ old.
Many marvellous properties were formerly attri-
buted to it, which are as groundless as its exist-
ence. There are no stones in the stomaohi except
what have been. swallowed.
ALEGAR, Acetum.
ALE HOOF, Glechoma hederaoea.
ALEIMMA, Liniment
ALEIPHA, Liuiment
ALEIPTE'RIUM, from aXei^, 'I anoint'
The place in the uicient gymnasium where the
eombatants anointed themselves.
ALKIP'TRON. Same etymon. A box for
^ntaining ointments.
ALE MA, Farina.
ALEM'BIC {Arab,) Jfoortheadf CaniteVlwn,
Oapi^ulufftj Am'hicfu, (F.) Alamhie, A utensil
joMde ot glasB, metaJ, or aMrlheo wari^ adapted
serratola — a.
Eoropean.
for distillation. A •tilL It consists of a hody
or ewsurhitf (F.) cucurhitey chaudiiref to which is
attached a head or capital, (F.) ehapiteau, and
oot of this a beak descends laterally to be inserted
into the receiver, worm, condeneer, or re/rigertt-
tor, (F.) terpenHn, rifrigirant, as the case may
be.
ALEM'BROTH {Salu) Sal AUmbrolk, The.
alchymists designated by this name, and by
those of Sal tapien'titB, Sal artit, Sal vita and
S. Seien'tuB, the product resulting from the sub-
limation of a mixture of corrosive sublimate and
sal ammoniac. It is stimulant, but not employed.
AZiSE, (F.) AUte, Lin^teum, from a><(M, ' I
preserve.' A guard, A cloth arranged in seve-
ral folds, and placed upon a bed, so as to guard
it from the lochial or other discharges.
ALETON, Farina.
ALETRIS, A. farinosa.
Al'etris, a. Farino'ga, Stargraet, Starwortf
Blaxing ttar, Aloe-root, Bitter gra$9, Black root,
Unicom root, Ague root. Ague grase, DeviP* bit,
Mealy etarwort, (F.) AUtrit Meunier, Nat, Ord,
AsphodelesB. Sex. Syet, Hexandria Monogynia.
This plant is an intense and permanent bitter,
and is used as a tonic and stomachic It ia com^
mon in the United States.
ALEURON, Farina.
ALEUROTESIS, see Cribration.
ALEXANDERS, Smymium olusatrum.
ALEXANDRI ANTIDOTUS AUREA. See
Alexandrine.
ALEXAN'DRINE, EmpUu'trum AUxan'dri,
A garlic plaster, invented by Alexander, contem-
porary of Mesu$. Other ancient preparations
were called 'Alexandrine;' a« the Alexan'dri
antid'otue au'rea, used in apoplexy ; the CoUvr'-
ium §iccum AUx<indr%'num, or 'CoUyriumof King
Alexander,* mentioned by A^'tiue.
ALEXICACUM, AmtUetum, Alexipharmic
ALEXIPUAR'MIC, Alexipkar'maeu; AnH-
pKar'macue, Alexica'eut, Oaco-aUxite'ria, Lexi-
pKar'macue, (F.) Alexipharmaque, from a\s!iu¥,
'to repel,' and ^apfiaxov, 'poison.' A term for-
merly used for medicines which were considered
proper for expelling from the body various mor-
bific principles, or for preventing the bad effecta
of poisons taken inwardly.
ALEXIPYRETICUS, Febrifuge.
ALEXIR, EUxir.
ALEXnwmA,Oacalexile'ria, from eiXe^av^ag,
'to assist' Originally, eUexiteriutn was used
synonymously with remedy. In more modem
times it has been applied to a class of medicines,
that counteract poisons placed in contact with the
exterior of the body, in contradistinction to alex-
ipharmic.
ALEXITERIUM CHLORICUM, see DiOi^
fection — a. Nitricum, see Disinfection.
AZiZE, Aliee.
ALFUSA, Tutia.
ALGA MARINA, PiU marina.
ALGALIE, Catheter.
AI/GAROTH, AVgarot, Algaro'thi Pulri^
Pulvie AngePicue, Ox'idum sen Submu'riae Stib'.ii
prascipitan'do para'tum, Antimo'nii Ox'ydum,
Ox'idum antimo'nii Nitro-muriat'icum, Ox'idum
Stib'ii A^'ido Muriat'ieo oxygena'toparaUumj
Mereu'riua Vita, Mereu*riu» Morti9, Flowert of
Antimony, (F.) Oxyde dPAntimoine, so called from
Victor Algarothi, a Veronese physician. The
tuh-mwriaU of protoxide of antimony, separated
from the muriate of antimony by washing away
some of its acid. It was formerly much used aa
an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic.
ALGE'PON, from aXyot, 'pahi.' Violent pun
about the neck of the bladder, oocaaionally oo»
ooning in gononrhtta. — Cockbvn.
ALeEHA
59
ALEAR
ALVKnoTT, Pftin.
ALGEMA, Pun.
ALGESIS, Pain.
ALGETICUS, tee Algoi.
AL'GIDUS, from algor, 'cold.' That which
if accompanied by coldnesa.
Al'oida Febris, F, liorrifiea, F. hor'rida, F.
quer'aueroj F. crvmo'detf JBty'eettu, Bry'chetut,
(F.) Fiivre alffiae, Algid Fever, A pcmidotiB
intermittent, accompanied hj icy coldness, vhich
li often fatal in the second or third paroxysm.
ALGOR, Rigor.
ALG08, oAvof, 'pain.* Bee Pain. Hence,
Alget'ietUf 'painful,' as EpiUp'eia algefiea. The
Buffix algia has the same signification, —• as in
CephaMgiaf Pleuralgia, Neuralgia, Ac.
ALGOSPAS'MUS, from oKyos, 'pain,' apd
nra^^o;, 'spasm.' Painfril spasm or cramp of
the muscles.
ALIIAGI, Agol.
ALHANDAL, see Cncamis coloeynthis.
ALHASEF, Sudamina.
ALIBILIS, Nutritious.
AL'ICA, HaVieajFarina'rtvm, CKondrw, from
«i2<rc, ' to nourish.' A grain from which the ui-
eients made their tisanes ; supposed, by some, to
liare been the Tritieum epelta. At times, it
seems to hare meant the tisane itself.
AL'ICES, from aXi^w, 'I sprinkle.' Spots
which precede the eruption of small pox.
ALIENATIO» Anomalia — ^a. Mentis, Insanity.
ALIENATION, MENTAL, Insanity.
ALIENUS, Delirious.
ALIFORMES MUSCULI, Pterygoid moBoIes.
ALIF0RMI8, AUris, Pterygoid.
ALIGULUS, Confection.
A LIMA, Aliment.
ALIMELL^, Parotid.
AL'IMENT, Alimen'tuvi, AVima, ffarma'Ua,
JftUri'wteHf Nu'triens, StuterUae'viunif Oiha'riumf
Jiroma, Oomit'tef Cibue, Eeea, NutrPtU9f Nutri-
men'tmHf Sito§f Trophi. (F.) Aliment, Nourri-
Htre, from a/ertf, ' to nourish.' Food. Any sub-
stance which, if introduced into the system, is
capable of nourishing it and repairing its losses.
The study of aliments forms one of the most
important branches of hygiene. They are eon-
fined to the organized kingdom, — the mineral
affording none.
As regards the immediate principles which
predominate in their composition, they have been
classed, bat imperfeetiy, as follows : —
TABUS OF AUMSNTS.
1. neuloeume,
ft. MuiUgimeuB,
3. AsceJUiHiM.
i
Wtaest, barley, oats, lye, lioai Iup
dimn com, potato, sago, peas,
beans, Ac.
Garrot, salsify, baet, turnip, aspara*
gus, cabbage^ lettuce, artichoke,
melon, Ac
Sugar, fig, date, raisin, apricot, Ac
Orange, currant, Rooaebenry, cher>
ry, peaeb, strawbeny, raspberry,
mulberry, prune, pear, apple,
■orrel, Ac
Ooeoa, ollre, sweet alinond, nut,
walnut, animal ikt, (ril, butter,
Ac
Dtflerent kfods of milk, cheeM.
Tendon, aponeurosis, true skin,
cellular texture; very young
A,Adiulnu,
5. OUarinmu umi
FiUtf.
6. Cuecue.
7. OeUtineuM,
8. jiUvmiiume.
9. fikrimoue.
Br. Prout has four great classes — Che aqveoue,
§aeekarine, oleaginotie, and aliumf none .* — Dr.
Pereira twelre;— the aqueoue, mtteilagin&ue or
ffummy, eaeeharine, amjflaeeome, Ugneotu, peeti"
maetoH9, aciduloue, aleokolie, oily or /aitjf, pro-
Uinaeeove, gelatinow, and ealine.
XAsbIg dlrides them into two dasses:— 'the
Brain, nerra, sggs, Aa
Tleah and blood.
KITROGEinZEn or PLASTIC ELEinElfTS OP HTTTlir-
Tiox, in which h^ comprises vegetable Jibrin,
vegetable albumen, vegetable c<uein, Jieeh and
blood ; and tiie NOV-mTROGEinzED elements of
RESPiRATiax, in which he comprises, /a^ etarck,
gum, cane eugar, grape eugar, tugar of milk, pec-
tin, baetorin, urine, beer and epirite. The former
alone, in his riew, are inserrient to the nutrition
of organised tissue : the latter are burnt in respi-
ration, and furnish heat.
The following simple arrangement is, perhapsi
as littie objectionable as any :
(^/*.«i««,«f Prout) ^^liSJi^"-
C Amylaceous.
3. Jif^-nUrogenixed ^Um9ut$,< Saccharine
( Oleaginous.
The second dirision might be still farther sim-
plified, inasmuoh as amylaceous aliments art
conyertible into sugar during the digestire pro*
cess ; and, from botii, oleaginous matter may bo
formed.
ALIMENTARY TUBE, Canal, alimentary.
ALIMENTATION, A/»men<a'<io. The act of
nourishing.
ALIMENTUM, AUment, Pabulum.
ALIMOS, Olyeyrrhiza.
ALINDE'SIS, from aXtvioftat, 'to be turned
about.' A species of exercise, which consisted
in rolling in the dust, after having been anointed
with oil.— Hippoorates.
ALIP^'NOS, AlipeB'num, Alipan'toe, from ^
priv., and Xtwavuv, 'to be fat' An epithet for-
merly given to every externa' nvAB'Jlr, devoid of
fat or moisture; endi as pv^^drs^ — ^fJen.
ALIPANTOS, AUpanv.
ALIP'TA, Alip'tee, U irx eV^M, 'I nnoint*
He who anointed th<» y.tli)<*tw after bathing
The place where this rrcji done was called Alip^
t^rium,
ALIPTERIUM, 9- * AUpta.
■ ALIP'TICA, saritf etymon. The part of an.
eient medicine, wUch treated of inunction, as a
means of preservi Mg health.
ALISIER BIANO, Cratsegns aria.
ALISMA, A. |>lantago, Arnica montana — a.
Grammifolisy A plantago — a. Lanceola'ta, Au
plantago.
Alis'ma Pl>>ita'oo, AK&ma, A, laneeola'ta sev
graminifo'lia, i'ianta'go aquai'iea, Water Plan-
tain, (¥.)PlofJm%n d*JSau. Nat. Ord. Alismacess.
Sex, Sfftt, H' tandria Polygynia. The fresh root
is acrid, an^ the dried leaves will vesicate. Tho
leaves hav« oeen proposed as substitutes for Uva
Ursi.
ALITUB A, Nutrition.
AL'EALE, (yienm Oalli'na, An ancient phar«
macentical name for pullets' fat.
ALKALESCENCE, Alcalescence.
ALKALI, see Alcdi — a. Ammoniacnm caus-
tioum. Ammonia — a. Ammoniacnm spirituofium,
Spiritus ammonise — a. Minerale nitratum. Soda,
nitrate of^-a. Minerale phosphoratum. Soda,
phosphate of — a. Minerale salinum, Soda, mn-
riate of-— a. Vegetable, Potash — a. VegetAbile cum
aceto, Potassas acetas — a. Vegetabile fizum cans-
ticum, Potassa frisa — a. Volatile, Ammonia — a
Volatile causticum. Ammonia — a. Volatile, con-
crete, AmmonisB carbonas — a. Volatile nitratum,
AmmonisB nitras — a. Volatile tartarizatum. Am-
monia) tartras — a. Volatile vitriolatum, Amma»
nisd sulphas.
ALKANET, BASTARD, Lithospermnm oflTd-
nale — a. Dyer's, Anchusa tinctoria — a. Garden,
Anchusa officinalis — a. Officinal, Anchusa offiei-
nalis.
ALElAR^ Medicament
ALKSKENGI
M
ALL0TRI0JECCRISI8
ALKEKENGI, PhysalU.
ALKER'MES, Confec'tio Alker*me9, AJcher'^
•M0. A celebrated electuary, <}binposed of a mal-
titade of substances. It was so called from the
grains of kermes contained in it. It was used
as a stimulant. Aliio, kermes.
ALKERVA, see Ricinus commonia.
ALKITRAN, Cedria.
ALKOL, Alcohol.
ALKOOL, AlcohoL
ALLA, Cerevisia.
ALLAITEMENT, LactaUon.
ALLAMAN'DA, A. Cathar'tica sen arandi-
fio'ra, Ore'lia grand ijlo^raf OaVaript, EekVnHa
tcandenHy Apoe"ynum tcandetut. A snniby native
of Guiana, the infusion of whose leaves is said by
LinnieuH to be U5eful in Colica Pictonmn.
ALLANTODES, Allantois.
ALLAN'TOIC ACID, Ac"idiim attanto'ienm,
A peculiar acid, found in the liquor of the allan-
tois of the cow.
ALLANTOIDES, Allantois.
ALLAN'TOIS, AllantoVdeM, Allanto'de; Jfem-
hra'na urina'riaf ,M sen Tnnxea Fareimina'lUf
M, Intettina'iUy the AUantoid VeneUf from aWat,
* a sausage.' and eiSoif * Ehape/ A sort of elon-
gated bladder, between the chorion and amnion
of the faHuii, which is thrown out from the caudal
extremity of the embryo, and communicates with
the bladder by the urachus. It is very apparent
in quadrupeds, but not in the human species. As
the allantoiB is developed, its walls become very
Tascular, and contain the ramifications of what
become the umbilical artery and vein, which, by
the elongation of the allantois, are brought
through the villi of the chorion, into indirect
communication with the vessels of the mother.
ALLANTOTOX'ICUM, from aXXat, <a sau-
sage,' and roficov, 'a poison.' Sausage poison
(G.) Wurstgift. The Germans have given this
name to a pui»on developed in sausages formed
of blood and liver.
ALLELUIA, Oxalis aoetotella.
ALLE'VIATOR: from arf, *to,' and levate, 'to
raiFC.' A soother. An instrument for raising in-
valids, invented by Mr. Jenks, of Rhode Island.
It oonsiitts of two upright posts, about six feet
high, each supported by a pedestal; of two hori-
lontal bars at the top, rather longer than a com-
mon bedstead ; of a windlass of the same length,
placed six inches below the upper bar ; of a cog-
wheel and handle; of linen belts from six to
twelve inches wide; of stri^M secured at one end
of the windlass; and at the other having hooks
attached to corresponding eyes in the linen belts,
and of a head-piece made of netting. The pa-
tient lying on his mattress, the surgeon passes
the linen belts beneath his body, attaching them
to the hooks on the ends of the straps, and ad-
Justing the whole at the proper distance and
length, so as to balance the body exactly, and
then raises it from the mattress by turning the
handle of the windlass. To lower the patient
a^^ain, and replace him on the mattrese, the wind-
iaf B must be reversed.
ALLGOOD, Chenopodium bonus Henrioas.
ALLHEAL, Heracleura spondylinm.
ALLIA'CEOUS, afiia'cent, from allittm, 'gar-
lic.' IJelonging to garlic, as aUiaeeoua odour.
ALLIAFRE, AlliaiisL.
ALLIA'RIA, from aZ/ttcm, its smell resembling
garlic A, cjficina'litf Erysimum allia'ria seu
eo^difo'Uumf Sitymhrium allia^Ha, Jack-in-thM'
h§dQef gtinking Mdge Muttard, Jfedgt Oarlic,
iiauee-alone, Het'perU allia'ria, (F.) AUiaire,
This plant has been sometimes given in humid
fMrtbma and dyspnoea. It is reputed to be dia-
phoretify diuretiC/ and antiscorbutic.
The Parisian Codex has a compound symp of
alliaria, Siroji d'Srynmum eompo96f which is naed
in hoarseness.
ALLIGATURA, Fascia, Ligature.
ALLIOTICUS, Alterative.
AL'LIUM, from oUo, *1 smell.' A. •ati'wmf
Tktriaca rutNeo'riim, AmpeUp'rantmf Scor*odoHf
ScordoH, Garlic, (F.) AiL Jfat. Ord, Aspho-
delesB. Stx, Sjftt, Hexandria Monogynia. A
native of Sicily, but ooltivated for use. The
bulbi or dovtBf Ag'lithea, have a strong, offensive^
and penetrating odour, and a sweetish, biting,
and caastic taste. IntemaUy, garlic is stimulant,
diuretic, expectorant, emmenagogne (?), diapho-
retic, and anthelmintic JSztemaUy, it is mbo-
facient, maturative, and repellent
Dose, one to six cloves, swallowed whole, or
froni f Zss to f 3U* of ^® juice.
Taylor^ 9 Remedy for Deafne»9, a nostrum, ap-
pears to consist of garlic, infused in oil of aU
monde, and coloured by alkanet root.
Allium Ascalokicum, Eehalotte,
Al'lium Cepa, Oepa vulga'rie, Cofntnon Oniony
Cepvl'la, Orom'myon, (F.) Ot^non. Acrid and
stimulating, and possessing very littie nutriment.
Onions have been used as stimulants, diuretics,
and anthelmintics. The boiled or roasted onion,
OS a cataplasm, is emollient and maturating.
The fresh root is mbefiscient. The expressed
juice is sometimes used in otalgia and in rheu-
matism.
Allium Gallicum, Portnlaca. — a. Plantagi-
neum, A. Victoriale.
Al'lium Porrum, Pomim. P. §€Ui'tmm, Pro-
9»m, the Leek or Porrei; (F.) Poireau, Porreatu
It possesses the same property as the onion.
The virtues of the genus Allium depend upon
an acrid principle, soluble in water, alcohol, acidly
and alkalies.
Allium Rbdolihs, Tencrium scordinm.
Al'lium Victoria'lI, A. plawtagin'eum, Cepa
vidoria'lit, Victoria'lia longa. The root, which,
when dried, loses its alliaceous smell and taste,
is said to be efficacious in allaying the abdominal
spasms of pregniuit women (?)
ALLOCHET'IA, AUotrioekefia, from «X>(k,
' another,' and x^^ctv, ' to go to stooL' The dis-
charge of extraneous matters from the bowels.
The discharge of faeces by an abnormous opening.
ALLOCHOOS, Delirious.
ALLOCUROMA'SIA, from aX>»c, 'another,'
and YPw/ia, ' colour.' A change of colour.
ALLCEOPATHIA, Allopatiiy.
ALL(£OPATHIC, Allopathic
ALL(E08IS, Alteration.
ALLOBOTIGUS, Alterative
ALLOIOSIS, Alteration.
ALL0I0TICU8, Alterative
ALLONGEMENT, Elongation.
ALLOPATH, Allopathist.
ALLOPATHES, AUopatiiic
ALLOPATH'IO, AUopath'ioM, Alheopatk'ie,
AUceopath'ieut, Allop'atheM, HeteropatVie, from
aAXo(, 'another,' and waBos, 'affection.' Relating
to the ordinary method of medical practice, in
contradistinction to .the homoeopathic.
ALLOP'ATHIST, AVlopath, same etymon.
One who follows allopathy.
ALLOP'ATHT, AUopatki'a, Alkeopathia, Hy^
penantio'au, Hypenantio'ma, Oura'tio contrario''
rum per contra'na, same etymon. The opposite
to homoeopathy. The ordinary medical practice
ALLOPHASIS, Delhrium.
ALLOTRIOCHETIA, Allochetia.
ALLOTRIODON'TIA, from aXXor^of, 'fo-
reign,' and oiovt, ' a tootii.' Transplantation of
teeth.
ALL0TRI0£C'CRISI9, from «XAorpcec 'fo.
ALLOTRIOGSUSTIA
•I
ALTEKATION
reign,' and uit^ns,' ' stpantioii.' The separa-
tioa of exirmneoas matten from the body in dis-
ALLOTRIOGEUSTIA, Pan^enstia.
ALLOTRIOPUAQIA, Malaeia.
ALLOTRIOTEX'IS, from aXXorpiot, 'foreign/
and rt^n, * partariiion.' The bringing forth of
an abnonnouf foetus.
ALLOTRIU'RIA» from •kXnr^of, 'foreign/
and 99 fv, 'urine.' Admixture of foreign mat-
ters with the urine.
AL'LOTROPISM; from «X>of, 'another/ and
rfamt, ' a turn or change.' A term recently in-
troduced into chemistry; the object of whieh is
to express the property possessed by eertain
simple bodies, of assuming different qualities on
being subjected to certain modes of treatment
CarlMin, for example, fiimishes three forma —
plumbago, charcoal, and diamond.
ALLSPICE, see Myrtus pimenta — a. Bnsh,
Lauras Benzoin — a. Carolina, Calyeantkui — a.
Wild, Laurus Bensoin.
ALLUCINATIO, HallnmnaUon.
ALLUJiE, InflnenuL
ALMA, Water.
ALM ARIAB, see Plmnbl oxydum semiritreiim.
ALMEZERION, Cneornm tricoocum.
ALMOND, Amygdala.
Almoxd Bloom. A liquid eosmetic, formed
of Brazil dwtt ^, waUr Oig ; boil and strain ;
and add itingla— ^^ gr€ma nflveatria Jy, or
cochineal ^ij, alum Jj, borax ^^i^i boil again,
and strain through a fine cloth.
ALM05D Cakb, see Amygdala— a. of the Ear,
Tonsil — a. Earth, Arachis hypogaaa — a. Paste,
see Amygdala — a. Powder, see Amygdala — a. of
the Throat, Tonsil.
ALNUS, A. glutinosa a. Communis, A. gluti-
nosa.
ALNUS QLUTINO'SA, Alntu, A e<mm%'ni*,
Btfula glutino'Ba sen emargina'ta^ £urope'an AU
dtr. A tree which grows in Europe, in moist
placet. The bark and leaves are astringent and
bitter; and hence are employed in intermittents,
and as a tonic and astringent
Alnus Sbrrat'dla, AsiencoN Alder, has simi-
lar properties.
Alhcs Nigra, Rhamnns frtmgula.
ALOCHI'A, C^om «, priratire, and X»x^^ '^^'
ehia.' Absence of the lochial discharge.
ALOEDA'RIUM. A compound medicine,
containing aloes. — Qmtoos.
ALOE, Aloes.
ALOE ROOT, Aletris frrinosa.
AL'OES, Al'oi, Fel Natit'rm. The Inspissated
juice of the Aloe, Nat. Ord, Asphodeleie. iSRar.
JSytL Hexandria MonogyniA.
Alobs Barbadxxsis, a. hepatieft— a. Bombay,
A. hepatiea — a. dea Bmrhadee, A. hepatica.
Alobs Caballi'na, A. 0mnien*9i§, Home-
aloee. Used chiefly for horses. It is collected
in Spain and Portugal, and is very coarse.
Alobs eh CALiBASSst, A. hepatica.
Alobs, Capb, Skiming Aloet; a cheap and ex-
cellent form of aloes, eolleoted at the Cape of
Oood Hope, from Aloe feroac, A. Afrieaua, A.
tpieataf and other species.
Alobs, East Ixdu, A. Saoootorin»— a. Onini-
ensis, A. Caballina.
Alobs Hbpat'ica, A. vulga'rie, A, Barhaden'-
tit, Nevat'ie aloee, Bombay aloee, Barba'doee
does, A. vulga'rie extraeftmm, (F.) Aloee en eaU-
bamee, A. dee Barbadee, This species has a very
disagreeable odour, and an intensely bitter and
naaseous taste. Properties the same as the last
Alobs, Horsb, A. Caballina— a. Lucida, A.
Snoeotorina — a. Socotrlne, A. BMceoUnioM — m>
Alobs SrccoroRi'wA, Soe'otrine nIor§, Turiev
aloee, Eaet India aloee, Aioie ht'ctda, A. Zoctori''
nia, A, epiea'Ue eitrac'tum, An'ima Aloft, is the
best species. Its odour is not unpleasant ; taste
Tery bitter, and slightly aromatic; colour red-
dish-brown, with a shade of purple ; mass hard,
friable ; fracture conchoidal and glossy ; soluble
in dilute alcohol. Powder of a bright cinnamon-
yellow colour. It is cathartic, warm, and stimu-
lating; emmenagogue, anthelmintic, and stomi^
chie. As a cathartic, it affects the rectum chiefly.
Doee, as a cathartic, gr. ▼. to ^J* in pill.
Aloes. Turkey, A. Succotorina — a. Vulgaris,
A. hepaticus. — a. Wood, Agallochum — a. Zocto-
rinia, A. Succotorina.
ALOET'IC, Aloneiene, A preparation which
contains aloes.
ALOEXYLON, Agallochum.
ALOOOTROPH'IA, from aXoyof, 'dispropor-
tionato/ and r^iy, ' nutrition.' Irregular nutri-
tion. Used particularly to designate the irregu-
lar manner m which the nutrition of bones is
effected in rickety individuals.
AL0PECE8, Psose.
ALOPE'CIA, from aXovnf afox/ (this ant-
mal being said to be subject to the affection.)
Capillo'mm deflu'vium^ Athrix drpi'lit^ Phalae^
ro'tia, Depiln'tio, Trirko'»i« Athrix, Ganyra^na
Alope'eia, Atrich'ia, Drjln'vivm sen LapeuB Pih'-
nrm, Lipeotrich'ia, Ywlpie morlut, Baldneee,
Falling off of the hair ,* loss of the hair. When
this is confined to the crown of the head, it is
called ealcitiet, although the terms are often used
synonymously.
Alopecia Areata, Porrigo dccalvans — a. Cir-
cumscripta, Porrigo decalvans — a Partialis, Por-
rigo dccalvans.
ALOUCBE, CratsegQs aria.
ALOUCH'I. The name of a gum procured
from the canclla alba tree.
ALOUOHIER, Crataegus aria.
ALPAM. A shrub which grows on the coast
of Malabar. Certain parts of this, infused in oil,
form an antipsorio ointment The juice of the
leaves, mixed with that of calamnM, is employed
against the bites of serpents.
ALPHENIC, Saccharum candidum.
ALPHITEDON, see Fracture.
ALPH'ITON, aX^irov, Polen'ta, Fari*na. Any
kind of meal. Toasted barley-meal. — Hippocra-
tes. Polenta means also a food composed of In-
dian meal, cheese, Ac See Farina. '
ALPHON'SIN, A(pAoii'MnHm. Akindofbnl-
let forceps, similar to a Porte-crayon, so called
from the inventor, Alphonso Ferri, of Naples.—-
Scultetus.
ALPHOS, Lepra alphoides.
ALPHOSIS JSTHIOPICA, see Albino.
ALPINIA CARDAMOMUM, Amomum ear-
damomum — a. Qalanga, Maranta galanga.
AL PISTE, Phalaris Canadian sis.
ALSANDERS, Smymium olusatrum.
ALSI'NE ME'DIA, a. avicula'rum sou vnlga'^
rie, from akeot, * a grove,' because growing abun-
dantly in the woods. 3for§ue alii' tut, Holoe**
teum Ahi'ni, Stella'ria me'dia, Mouee-ear, Ohiek-
weed, (F.) 3/oMro» dee Oiteaux, Jforgolinc. This
plant, if boiled tender, may be eaten like spinaoh,
and forms an excellent emollient poultice. It
was formerly regarded as a vulnerary and detaiw
gent
ALTAFOR, Camphor.
ALTER SEXUS, Sex, female.
ALTERANS, AlteraUve.
ALTERANT, Alterative.
/ ALTERATION, A//ero'lto, from alter, « o«b«v^
/ Aiioio'eie, AUoto'ti: Thi« word ip qft«d 'wi YxmM
UTXBATIVB
I * niorliid obuiga irhich iDpemnBf la
Hlon or tfao ouautcnuiiii {oinmrian ilt
IT in the itnuilara ot na organ (aiiira-
'i;iic,) ii[ io tbsuiLtDreat Qulda eienteil
fiprcM intiDie Chirtt ic
iU otymology it difforei
;er, uid nw (urmcrl; w.
■idercil U be japible
ofiru/i. AlLot'ieuji, Immit'taiu, An mgent con-
at produoiag ft A^utory
_ . . ^ , rat wi^oot noitinf uij
iflntLble eviuufttEai]. As medtoLni] improrei, this
nnoartua clui of remtdiei beaomsi, of aeceuily,
fimlnuhed tn nttmlMT. Sos Eutiopbia.
(F.) AlUraul. The French lenn likswiae
BBiuu. Ihit which uaoiM tUnt. — SHieulo'tiH,
Dipnl'ieut, H alllrer meuil both to cibkngg, and
"■"■ ' " "■' '» to eipwisBM ■
^ tor the w
«>.-.)
ALTBRCANOBNON, OjotijaiauM.
ALTBBCUM, HjoK-fuaiu.
ALTH^'A, rniai a>^<>, 'lo heal ;' A. oMcina'-
low. {P,)'?"''"o<iM. ifof. Orrf, MbIvbcdbi, .?«.
;?i,W. UanadDlpliia Poljandrii. The loam,
Altkafa fu'lia, and rrjjt, J/tA«'B radii, PODtaio
mush mucilnge. Tbu; are emollieot anJ d«iuul-
MQtt 1^^ ^'B emplojvd wboraTOT medioin&ft, pofl<
' tMning iDoh propertiiM, iro required. Id the Ph.
U. S-, Allhsa it the root of Althun dScIobIU.
ALTHAKAIHA, OrplmonL
ALTDBUS, Pbruciao.
ALTHEXm. CurWion. I ■*«
ALTHOS, Ucdiouncnt.
ALTILIBAT, TerehiatMut.
A\.W>V.l.,Att-ttt,7itnmnhUmale'n»m. A
bolloir Bphere ofalona, glaH, or earthen wars, with
a abort neeh projeoUng at each end. bf miane of
Wbioh oaa ^ttt migiit bo ist upon the other.
The uppermost had no aperture at the lop. Alu-
d«1i were formorlj used in (be (ublimiition of
various nubstanoiie.
A'LULAj diiniaiLtlreof aid, <a Ring.' AUttle
winK-
ALOM, Sfmpiijtam— a. Calaplann, Coa^uni
■lumiuoeam— a. Berptian, SfSflXl- >C;p[eri*.
Aldu, RorsE, ilo'num d, A«J>.', (F.) AIm de
Kmhe. Bo called from Roaoli* in Byria, vbere
tlifte iru a nuiuuraotor; of ib It \» b piices of
the site of an aliaund, covervd with a reddiah
Owaw-in Bocie Al«m, A. RoM Galli: Frag-
tatatt of oomnioD alum, moiilened and ihakeu
wilb pn{>ared bnlit. It Is while wbou broken.
Alok, SuLDtioii or, CouFDUND, Lli. aluminia
Ai.OH KaoT, Oenmiai
mumlatao], Oeue
ALU'MBN, (u Ambio torn, ufua,) Alum.
JJlpertuPpAiu alu'miiia ei Polnn'ta, PoUtM-tx
aiu^miio-tulphttt, SarpliaM Alumina Atrid'uliu
turn Poliu'tS, SiAihtH AWmtHa:, Hufpkat Kal'
tM-oIwaJa'ieiMi, SiUpkai almmiiia'rii, Svptml'
flua alm'mina cl fota^ta, ArfWUt nlptu'rin
AlcoUM'ld, A. •nirinla'la, Sttfp't'ria, Svptitul'
phoM AniVla attalUa'Irm, ArgtVls faluulpjlii-
»i«. (P.) Alu».
AktmEX CAT:mH, Potub of enmmeree — a.
fiium, aea Potash — a. KiaoMlom, PolTii aul-
{ibatifl alumlnm KimpoiiUii.
•Ian, Jiut o/mB, JJ«iii»»/or(i"t(aiii, X elyilur.
liaain, A. ru'p™.!, {P.) Alon iFAagUUm, li the
niieij siMUy anijil^jtd. Il ii in octithednl
^ryilali, bat geserull; Id lorge. white,
lareut mauet; bu a aweeUBh, (tfptio taslaf
iffloreacea lo the ail, and It colablo ia 10 pans of
nBter Ht 60°- It i> ttmio and asu^Dgent, uid oa
inch ii aied inUnuJIf and Mtcnially. Dote, gr.
ALu'iraW KxiieCA'Tint, Alu'mm uhHa. A. eei-
^na'lHm, Sulpkan alu'miiut flatia, Aryit'la md.
ptH'Wni Ufa, a^mt alum, dried al«m. (P.) AImh
!aUi«i, (Alum melted In an earthen reuel nnUl
ebulUtioa eoaa«.) Kiobarotle.
AlU'hkii UaaA'unK, Soman alam, A. Ru'H-
Um, A. liultmn. (F.) Alun dt Ilomr. In OTr»-
talt, wiiich are of a pale red when broken, and
evvore d wilb ■ reddish offlore aoonoc.
AL0M1NA, ACETATE OF, AIodubki Aeetu
— a. Oepnrata, Argilla pun — a. Purs. AtsUla
pnra — a. Enlphate of, AlnmluiB Sulpbu.
ALU'MIN.£ ACE'TAS, Arga'la Aat'tat.Ae"*.
tall of Alu'mina. A deliquofceat ult, obtained
by the addiHon of acilalt of lead to •ulphati iff
alumina and potatta. It posiesees (be uma pr»-
perliei aa the inlpbale of alumina.
Alo'HIHS ET VatkMM HtPBIIS|1|:PH<S, A\i-
men — a. et Potasiai mpecaalpbu, AliuuuD — k
Salphae. Alamen.
Al.1l'MlNf SCLPHIS, Aryillx Sulpkiu, S'tlpialt
t/ Alu'mina. Einple enlpbate of alumina may
be Toado by Ibo direct eomlilnation of aJumian
and tHtphurie ni-i"rf, and contains 30 por cunt- of
Iho former, lo 70 per ecnl. of the lattar. It il
- ' ■* --■ lalt; f" " - --■'--
4
ALVMfNE FAl
the alTei
•AOrWE, ArRillapora.
^tr.V, Alumeu.
ALUKeRL, Gutta.
A LI'S, eymphytom.
ALUSIA, HaUueinatioD — a. IlypoeboDdrUall
Bypoohnndriaaii.
ALUTEL, AladeL
ALYAQUILLA, P«)r*Iea glanduloia.
ALVARAS NIORA, lehthyorie.
ALVEARIUM, Auditory esual. exleraat.
ALVB'OLAR, Alviola'rit, from nfmu, -a oa-
Titj.' (P.) AMolairt. Tbat wblott relate! to
E AncDKB, (P.) Atadtt aMolalrrt,
J the margina or bordera of the two
are hollowod by the AlTrolL
uppor m.
of tlie m
Alveolae Bordbh, Liabiu atttoUt'rii. Tho
part of tbe Java, that ii bollowed by the bItcoIL
Alte'olab HEHBBAKKa ar« <ery fine uivm-
branea, tituate botweeD tbe teeth anil aWeoli, and
foTmcd by a portion of tbe Me or follicle which
encloaed the l<K>th bnfore it plorwd the gum. By
lome ihia mfmbraoe bu been called the atitmlo-
AL riOLE. Alreolaa.
ALVEOLI DBNTIB, are AItmIii*.
AL V^OLO-LABtAL, Bnodoator.
ALVE'OLUS. lama etymnn. Ba'trian. Be'-
(krirm, OdotdtAoiyrium, OdanltipltafM, Frmn,
Uorluriolum, Rofmitot, PratOHatam. Phamt,
Pknfttinn. PraM-pinm, Paint, PalM. (F.) AU
eiolt. The alreuU ara Uie eoebtti ^ lA* tmi,
ALVSUS
AKBOBT
AlfK^oli dtntit, Mo^nia tea Oavef'na dtn'tivm,
iBto which they are, m it were, driven. Their
Bixe and ehape are determined by the teeth which
they receive, and they are piereed at the apex by
small holes, which give passage to the dental
Teasels and nerves.
AI^VEUS, Auge — a. Ampallosns, Receptacn-
lum ohyli — a. iUnpulIesoens, Thoraeio duct — a.
Communis : see Semicircular canals— a. Utriou-
loous : see Semicirculiur canals.
ALVI EXCRETIO, Defecation — a. Flazns
aquosoB, Diarrhoea — a. Laxitas, Diairhosa — a.
Frofluvium, Diarrhoea.
ALVIDUCUS, Laxative.
ALYINE, Alvi'nnM, from alvtu, 'the abdomen.'
That which relates to the lower belly, as alvine
4ejtcttoHs^ alvine fiux, alvine ob0tructi<m9, Ac.
ALVUM EVACUANS, Cathartic
ALVUS, Abdomen, Uterus — a. Adstricta, Con-
stipation — a. Cita, Diarrhoea — a. Dura, Constipa*
th> — a. Renam, Pelvis of the kidney — a. Tarda,
Constipation — a. Viridis, Dejection.
ALYCE, Anxiety.
AL'TPON, from «, priv., and Xvwtit 'pain.' An
acrid, purging plant, described by Matthiolus.
By some it has been supposed to be the Globula'-
ria alupum of botanists.
ALYSIS, Anxiety.
ALYSMUS, Anxiety.
ALVSSUM PLINII, Gallam MoUago.
ALYSSUS, Antihydrophobio.
AL'ZILAT. In some of the Arabian writers,
a weight of three grains. — Ruland and Johnson.
AMABILE, Lacuna Labii Superioris.
AMADOU, Boletus igniarius.
AMADOUVJBRy Boletus igniarius.
AMAIORISSEMENT, EmaciaUon.
AM ANDES, see Amygdala.
AMANI'TJS, from a, privative, and ftavia,
'madness :' L e. 'not poisonous.' A name given,
by the Greeks and Romans, to the edible eKan^
'pignoHs. Amanita forms, at the present day, a
genus, some of which are edible, others poison-
DOS. Amongst others, it contains the Atjaricut
aurantiaeut and A.weudo^auranticicut,
AMARA DULCIS, Solanum dulcamara.
AMARACI'NUM. An ancient and esteemed
plaster, containing several aromatics, tho marjo-
ram, aitapaitos, in particular.
AMAuACUS, Origanum mi\]orana — a. Tomen-
tosus, Origanum dictamnus.
AMARITIES, Bitterness.
AMARITCDO, Bitterness.
AMAROR, Bitterness.
AMARUCACUIT, Polyanthes tuberosa.
AMA'RUS, Pierot, 'bitter.' (F.) Amir, The
bitter principle of vegetables is the great natural
tonic, and hence hittert, as they are termed col-
lectively, belong to the class of tonics. Several
are used in medicine; the chief are, gentian,
quassia, cinchona, calumba, dog- wood, Ac.
AMASE'SIS, Amaue'wi; from a, privative, and
^aei)9tf, 'mastication.' Mastication when im-
peded or impracticable.
AMATORIUM, Lacuna labii superioris.
AMATORII, Oblique muscles of the eye.
AMATORIUM VENEFICIUM, PhUter.
AMATORIUS HUSCULUS, ObUquos supe-
lior oculi.
AMAURO'SIS, 0h/u9ca'txo, Offtuea'tio, from
aaovpof, 'obscure.' Zhop 9erene, Outta 9er^na,
Uatarae'ta nigra, Paropn§ amauro'tit, ImmohiV-
itttB pupil'UB, Suffu'tio nigra, Siaek cat'araeL
(F.) ticutte-ttreine, CataraeU noire, Anoptieoner-
vie (Piorry.) Diminutiott, or complete loss of
■Igh^ without any perceptible alteration in the
organisation of the eye; generally, perhaps,
owing to loM of power of the optio norro or zo-
tina. Counter-irritants are the most snccessftd
remedial agents, although the disease is always
very difficult of removal, uid generally totally
incurable.
Amaurosis Dimidiata, Hemiopia — a. Imper-
fecta, Hypo-amaorosis.
AMAUROT'IC, Amaurofieu* ; same etymon.
Affected with amaurosis.
Amaurotic Cat's Eys, Galeamauro'na, A
name given by Beer to an amaurotic affection,
accompanied by a ronarkable change of colour
in the pupil, which presents, apparently in tho
ihndns of the eye, a lighter tint, yellowish or
brownish yellow, instewl of its natural clear
black.
AMA'ZIA, from a, privative, and fia^oi, 'breast.'
A monstrosity, in which there is absence of one
or both breasts.
AMBARUM, Ambergris — a. Cineritium, Am-
bergris.
AMBS, from a/tPaiim, 'I ascend;' Amhi. A
superffcial eminence on a bone. Also, an old
surgical machine for reducing dislocations of the
shoulder ; the invention of which is ascribed to
Hippocrates. It is no longer used. — Hippo-
crates, Scnltetus. See Crista.
AMBER, Snccinum — a. Liquid : see Liquid-
amber styraciflua.
AM'BERQRIS, Amhra gri'gea, Amhor, Am^
bar, Ambra einerafeea. A, amhroeiaea, Ambarum,
Sue'einum eine'reum, S. grfteum; Am'bamm cine"
ri'^tiuwi. A concrete substance, of the consis-
tence of wax, cineritious colour, studded with
yellow and blackish spots, and exhaling a very
pleasant odour. It seems highly probable that
ambergris is formed in the intestines of tho
whale, and voided with its excrements. Like aU
aromatic substances, ambergris is slightly anti-
spasmodic and excitant; but it is oftener em-
ployed as a perfume than as a medicine.
AMBIA. A liquid, yellow bitumen, the smell
and virtues of which are similar to those of thfi
resin tacamahaca. It is obtained from a spring
in India.
AMBICUS, Alembio.
AMBIDEX'TER, Amphidex'iw, from amho,
'both,' and dexter, 'right' One who uses both
hands with equal facility. Celsns says the sur-
geon ought to be 'non minue nnietrd qimm (/ex-
trd promptue. One of the aphorisms of Hippo-
crates says, that a woman is never ambidexter.
This is a mistake.
AMBIL^VUS, Ampharisteros.
AMBITUS GENITALIS MULIEBRIS, Vet-
tibulum.
AMBLOMA, Abortion.
AMBLOSIS, Abortion.
AMBLOSMUS, Abortion.
AMBLOTHRIDION, see Abortion.
AMBLOTHRIDIUM, Abortive.
AMBLOTICUS, Abortive.
AMBLUS, afi0\vs, 'obscure.' Hence,
AMBLYAPH'IA, from aft0\vi, 'obscure,' and
'a^i7, 'feeling.' Dulness of the sense of touch.
AMBLYOGMOS, Amblyopia.
AMBLYO'PIA, from ajt^Xvt, 'obscure,' and
«>]/, ' the eye.' AmUjf'oemoe, Amblifog'mot, Amplu-
o'pia (so called by some, according to Ca^telli^
ob ignorantiam Orasea lingva,) Ilebetu'do vieCe,
Feebleneu of eight, (F.) Vve/aible, First degree
of Amaurosis. — Hippocrates.
Amblyopia Crepuscularis, Hemeralopia — a*
Disaitorum, Myopia — a. Meridiana, Nyctalopii^—
a. Proximomm, Presbytia.
AMBLYOSMOS, Amblyopia.
AMBOLICUS, Abortive.
AMBON, ait0i0v, ' the raised rim of a shield or
dish/ from oftflenvm, 'I ascond.' The flfaro-cartU
AMBOB
H
AMMONIA
laf^OQfl rings or howrreletM, wbich snrronnd the
•rticalw cavitiesy ta the glenoid cavity of the
■eapalay the aoetAbulam, Ae^ have been so called
—Galen. See Crista.
AMBORy Ambergris.
AMBRA, Succinum — a. Ambrosiaeay Amber-
gris — a. Cineracea, Ambergris.
AMBRAGRISEA, Ambergris.
AJIBRE BLANO, Succinum (album) — a.
Jaunet Succinum.
AMBRETTEy Hibiscus abelmoschus.
AMBRO'SIA, from a, prirative, and fiporoi,
'mortal/ Food which makes immortal, or the
food of immortals. The food of the gods — Ho-
mer. See also, Chenopodium botrys.
Ambrosia Elatior, see A. Trifida.
Amdro'sia Marit'iita. a plant which grows
on the shores of the Levant, and has a pleasant,
bitter and aromatic taste. It is given in infusion,
as a tonic and antispojsmodic.
Akbro'sia Trif'ida, Horteweed, Jitehv>eedf
JTorteminty Hortecane, Bittertoeed, Oreat Bag-
weedy Wild Hemp, This indigenous plant is
found in low grounds and along streams, from
Canada to Georgia, and west to Louisiana and
Arkansas. It is an annual, and flowers in Au-
gust and September. An infusion has been re-
commended locally in mercurial salivation.
Amhro$ia Elatior^ Bctfjftoeed, Is said by Dr. R,
E. Griffith to have much more developed sensible
properties
AMBROSTE DU MEXIQUE, Chenopodium
ambrosioidcs.
AMBULANGEy (F.) from amhulare, 'to walk.'
A military hospital attached to an army, and
moving along with it. Also called Hdpital om-
hulani,
AMBULATTO, Walking.
AM'BULATORY, Am'fndan9j AmhulaH'vWy
Am'bHlatire, (F.) Amhvlant, A morbid affection
Is said to bo 'ambulatory,' (F.) ambulante, when
it skips from one part to another ,* as Erievp^let
ambulante, Ac. When blisters are applied suc-
cessively on different parts of the body, they are
called Vi^icntoiren ambulante.
AM6ULEIA, Cichorium intybns.
AM'BULL The Brachmanic name for an In-
dian aquatic herb, which appears to belong to
the family Lyeimachi<B, The whole plant has a
■weet smell. Its decoction has a very bitter
taste, and is an excellent febrifuge. It is also
taken in milk in cases of vertigo.
AM'BULO FLATULEN'TUS ET FXJRIO'-
fiUS, Flatue fuHo'euey Vare'nu Painful, mo-
bile, and periodical tumours affecting different
parts, whicli were once considered as the effect
of very subtile vapours — Michaelis. Their na-
ture is by no means clear.
AMBUSTK), Bum.
AMBUTUA. Pareira brava.
AMBUYA-EMBO. A very beautiful, creeping
aristolochia of Brazil, the decoction of which is
exhibited successfully in obstructions. It is also
used in fumigation and in baths as a tonic.
AMEy Auimo.
AMELI. A Malabar shrub, belonging to a
genus unknown. The decoction of its leaves is
■aid to relieve colic. Its roots, boiled in oil, are
used to repel tumours.
AMELIA, Apathy.
AMENIA, Amenorrhoea, Emmenagogues.
AMENOMA'NIA. A hybrid word, formed
firom the Latin amceniM, ' agreeable,' and fiaMo,
' mania. A gay form of insanity.
AMENORRHCE'A, Paramenia ohetnuHu/nte,
Menoertffk'ia, Menoeta'eia, Apopkrax'i§fArrhce'a,
A/ee'lKf Bca BttMonftio Ma Ctmoftio mtn'9ium,
MenHma'Ho tmjtedi'tOf Ieehame'nta,Ame'nia, f^oat
«, privative, ^v, 'a month,' and ptm, *1 flow/
Suppreeeion of the meneee, (F.) Suppreeeum dm
flux menetrueL This suppression is most com-
monly symptomatic, and hence the chief atten-
tion must be paid to the cause. Usually, there is
an atonic state of the system generally, and hence
chalybeates and other tonics are advisable.
Two great varieties of Amenorrhcea are com-
monly reckoned. 1. A, Emaneto'nie, Eman'eio
men'eiupiy Menie'eheeie, Jfenoe'ekeeie, Jfenetrua'tio
retenta, Men'eivm reten'tio, Retention of the met^
eee, when the menses do not appear at the usual
age: and, 2. Suppree'eio Men'eium, Suppree'eio
Menetruatio'nie, Amenorrhce'a Suppreeeio'nief In-
terrup'tio menetmeUio'niey Jfenetrua'tio euppreeeoy
in which the catamenia are obstructed in their
regular periods of recurrence. Bee Emansio Men-
sium, and Menses.
AincHORRBiEA DiFFTCTLTS, Dysmenorrhosa— ft.
Emansionis, see Amenorrhcea — a. Hymenica, see
Hymenicus — a. Partialis, Dysmenorrhoea — a.
Supprcssionis, see Amenorrhcea.
AMENTIA, Dementia : see, also, Fatuitas, and
Idiotism — a. Senilis, Dementia of the aged.
AMER, Amarus.
AMERICAN, see Homo.
AMERICANUM TUBEROSUM, Solanum to-
berosum.
AMERTUMEf Bitterness.
AM'ETHYST, Amethye'tne, from a, privative,
and /<c0tfu, ' I am drunk.' A precious stone, to
which the ancients attributed the property of
preventing drunkenness. It was also used as an
anti-dlarrhceic and absorbent — Pliny, Albertus
Magnus.
AMETH'YSUM, Amethye'tumy {remedium,)
Same etymon as the last A remedy for drunk-
enness.
AMETRIA, Intemperance. Also, absence of
the uterus; from a, privative, and /U7rpa, 'the
uterus.'
AMICULUM, Amnios.
AMIDONy lODURE I/, Starch, Iodide ofl
AMIDUM, Amylum.
AMINiEA, Anime.
AMIN^'UM VINUM, Amine'an teine, highly
esteemed as a stomachic VLrgU distinguishes it
from the Falcmian. — Pliny, Macrobius, Ao.
A MMA, Truss.
AM MI, Ammi majue sen eictUa/o'lium sen
vulga're sen Bolberi, Am'mioe murica'ta, A'pium
ammiy Biehop'e useed. The seeds of this plant are
aromatic and pungenL They are said to be
carminative and diuretic, and are tonic and sto-
machic.
AiTMi Bolberi, Ammi — a. dee Boutiqveey see
Sison ammi — a. Cicuta^folium, Ammi — ^a. Verum,
see Sison ammi — a. Vulgare, AmmL
AM M ION, Hydrargyri sulphuretum rubrum.
AMMIOS MURICATA, AmmL
AMMISMUS, Psammismns.
AMMOCHO'SIA, Arnmoeho^eie, from a/i/^ec^
' sand,' and x**** * ^ pour.' Arena'tio. Puttine
the human body in hot sand, for the cure of
disease.
AMMO'NIA, Amtno'nia or Ammoni'acal gae,
Volatile al'kali, Al'cali ammoni'ac^im eave'ticnm,
A. volafiU eaue'tiemm, Ammo'nia caue'tiea, A.
pnriif Ammoni'aenm, A. 4Mue'ti€um, Oae amwto^
nitKa'li, Mephi'tie urino'eeif CF.) Ammoniaone,
Air alealin, Oaz ammoniaeal. An aloali, so called,
because obtained principally by decomposing sal
ammoniac (muriate of ammoma) by lime. This
gas is colourless, transparent^ elaitie, of a pun-
gent, characteristic odour, and an acvld urinous
taste. It tomi the symp of TioleCi green, and
AMXOmAQ
95
AMMOSTLB ACBTA8
Its fpecifie grarity is 0*596. When inhaled,
largely diluted with common air, it iB a powerful
Irritant. When unmixed, it instantly induces
■uffocation.
Ajcvoxia, Acbtatb 07, SoLUTioir OF, Liquor
ammontao acetatis — ^a. Aneniate of, Arseniate of
ammonia — a. Benzoate of, Ammonias benzoae —
%. Caufltica liquida. Liquor ammonia) — a. Chloro-
hydrate of, AmmonisB murias — a. Citrate of, Am-
monia) eitras — a. Hydriodate of, Ammonium, io-
dide of — a. Hydrochlorate of. Ammonia) murias
-—a. Hydrosulphuret of, Ammoniie sulphuretum —
a. Iodide of, see Iodine — a. Liniment of, strong,
Linimentum ammonias fortius — ^a. Liquid, Liquor
Ammonias — ^a. Muriatlca, Ammonias murias — a.
NitraCa, Ammonias nitras — ^a. Phosphate of, Am-
monie phosphoa — a. Praeparata, Ammonia car-
bonas — a. Pura liquida, Liquor ammonias — a.
Solution of, Liquor ammonias — a. Solution of,
stronger. Liquor ammonias fortior — a. Tartrate of.
Ammonias tartras.
AMMO'NIAC, OUH, Ammani'aeumy (Ph. V.
8.) Gum^mi Ammoni'aetiinf Armoni'aemn, Mato'~
WiMN. (F.) Ammoniac, Gomme ammomaque, so
called from Ammonia in Lybia, whence it is
brought. A g^m-resin, the concrete juice of
J)or€'ma ammoni'ttcum, of Persia : a species of a
genua allied to Ferula. It is in irregular, dry
nasses and tears, yellow externally, whitish with-
in. Its odour is peculiar, and not ungrateful:
taste nauseous, sweet, and bitter. It forms a
white emulsion with water: is soluble in vinegar;
partially so in alcohol, ether, and solutions of the
alcalies.
Gum ammoniacum is expectorant^ deobstru-
ent (?) antispasmodic, discutient, and reaolveni.
It is chiefly used, however, in the first capacity,
and in the formation of certain plasters.
Two varieties are met with in the market,
OMtt<B ammoni'aci, the best; andXopif ammoni'-
aei, the more impure.
AMMONIACJI NITRAS, Ammonia nitras—
^ Sulphas, Ammonias sulphas.
AMMONIACUM, Ammonia, Ammoniac Gum
—Hfc. Snccinatum, Spiritns ammonias fostidus — a.
Volatile mite. Ammonias carbonas.
AMMONUS ACETAS, Liquor ammonias ace-
tatis — a. Arsenias, Arseniate of Ammonia.
Amo'mM Bsx'zoAS, Ben'toate of Ammonia,
A salt formed by the union of bensoio acid and
ammonia^ which has been prescribed for the re-
moval of gon^ depositions of urate of soda in
the joiirts. It is regarded as a good diuretic
AmcoNue CAR%l»!rAS, A. Suhear'boneu, A. Set-
qmcar*bona»f Salt of honet, Sal Oi^timn, Salt of
tcood-Mootf Sal Fuliy"ini§, Salt of urine. Volatile
Sal Ammoniac, Baket'e §alt, AVcali volat'ili
airaf'tumf A. volafili ammoniaea'li. A, volat'iU
ex ealf ammoni'aco, Ammoni'aeum volafili miti,
Amww^nium carbon'iettm, A, ntbcarbo'nevtn. Car-
honae ammo'nia alkalVnue sen incomple'tua ecu
9npeTammoni*aeu9, ITvpoear'boncu ammo'nia, Flo-
res ealie ammoni'aci, Sal eomu eervt volat'ili,
Sal volat'ilie ealit ammoni'ttei, Concrete volatile
mtkalt, Carbonate or Subcarhonate of ammonia,
Ammo'nia prttpara'ta, Sal volat'iU, Smelling ealt,
(F.) Carbonate tTammoniaane, Sel volatil cTAn-
oleterre, (Ammon, muriat. mj ; Greta Ibiss. Sub-
lime —Ph. U. 8.) A white, striated, crystalline
mass; odour and taste pungent and ammoniacal :
■oluble in two parts of water : insoluble in alco-
hol : effloresces in the air. It is stimulant, ant-
amd, disphoretie, and antispasmodic. Dose, gr.
T. to xr.
Carbonate of ammonia is at times used to form
cfferrescing draughts. One scruple saturates six
flnidrachms of lemon-joioe, twenty-six grains of
6
crystallised tartario add, and twenty-aix gnldi
of crystallized oitrio acid.
A¥M05iiB CiTRAS, Citrate of Ammo'nia, Made
by saturating lemon or lime juice, or a soltftion
of citric acid, with earbonate of ammonia. Dose,
f3«».
It may be made extemporaneously, and taken
in an effervescing state. Seventeen grains of
citric acid or hidf a fluidounce of lemon-juice
will be auffioient for thirteen grains of carbonate
of ammonia.
AxxoNi^ CvpRO-BULPBAB, Cuprum ammo-
niatum.
AxvoKiiB KT Ferri Murias, Fcrrum ammo-
niatum — ^a. Ferro-citras, Ferri ammonio-citras—
a. Uydriodas, Ammonium, iodide of — a. Hydro-
sulphuretum, Liquor fumans Boylii — a. Hypooar-
bonas, Ammonias Carbonas.
Ammo'nia Mu'rias, Mu'riate of Ammo'nia.
ffjfdrochlo'rate of Ammo'nia, Chlorohydrate of
Ammo'nia, Sal Ammoni'acum, Sal Ammo'niac,
Sal Ammoni'acue, Ammo'nia Muriat'ica, Ammo'^
nium Ifuria'tum, Hydrochlo'rtu Ammo'nia, Sal
Armoni'acum, Salmiae, Fuli'go Al'ba Philoeo-
pho'rum, Mieadir, (F.) Muriate d^Ammouiaque.
A saline concrete, formed by the combination of
muriatic acid with ammonia. In Egypt it is
manufactured in large quantities by subliming
the soot formed by burning camel's dung — 26
pounds of the soot yielding 6 pounds. It is also
prepared, in great quantities, by adding sulphurio
acid to the volatile alkali obtained from soot,
bones, Ac, mixing this with common salt, and
subliming.
Muriate of ammonia is inodorous, but has an
acrid, pungent, bitterish, and urinous taste.
Three parts of cold water dissolve one. Solu-
ble also in 4*5 parts of alcohol. It is aperient
and diuretic, but seldom used internally. Ex-
ternally, it is employed, producing cold during
its solution, In inflammations, Ag,
Auuo'viM Nitras, Nitrate of Ammonia, AV'
kali volat'iU nitra'tum, Sal ammoni'aeua nitro'ene,
Amnu/nia nitra'ta, Nitrcu ammoni'aca, Nitntm
flammane, t¥,) Nitrate d^ Amwioniaque, A salt
composed or nitric acid and ammonia. It is dia-
retic and deobstruent. (?) Externally, it is dis-
cutient and sialogogne.
Aiivo'51^ Phobphas, PhoephaU of Ammo'nia,
(F.) Phoephate d^Ammoniaque, This salt has been
recommended as an excitant, diaphoretic, and
discutient More recently, it has been proposed
as a new remedy for gout and rheumatism, as a
solvent of uric acid odculns, and for diseases,
acute and chronic, connected direcUy with the
lithic acid diathesis.
Ammonub SESQUiCABBOif as, A. carbouss.
Amiio'nijb Sulphas, Sulphate of Ammo'nia,
Sulphae ammoni'aca, Ammo'nium eulphu'rieum,
Al'icali volat'ile vitriola'tum, Sal Ammoni'acum
eeere'tum Glaubbri, Sal eccre'tue Glaubsri, Fi-
triolum ammoniaea'li, (F.) Sulphate tTAmmoni-
aque. Formed by adding sulphurio acid either
to sal ammoniac or to ammoniacal liquor. Its
properties are like those of the muriate of am-
moDia.
AMVo'iriJB Svlprvre'tux, Sul'phuret of Am-'
mo'nia, Bydroeul'phuret of Ammo'nia, Ammo''
nium Sulf hydra' turn, Myaroeul'phae Amwumia,
Spir'itue Bseui'm, Sp.fumane Bsoui'mi, SuU
pkure'tum ammoni'acm, Sp, ealie amwumi'aei euU
phura'tue. Liquor ammo'nii hydrothi'odi9,HydrO'
eulphure' turn Ammo' nieum, Hudrarg, ammoniaca'"
U aquo'tum, Hjfdrog"eno^euIpkure'tum oirmoim''-
aea liq'uidum, SpiPitue eul'phurie volat*ili9, He»
par eulphurie volafili, Boylb'b or BBflvnra'f
fuming epirit, (F.) Hydroeulpkatt tulfuri tCAm*
AMMOmAQUS
M
AMPELOS
moniaqH€y Liqueur fumante de Botle, Sulfure
Xj/drogfni (TAmmonta^iie, Hydrotulfure d*Am-
9ioniaqtte, Odour very fetid ; taste nauseous and
fityptic ; colour dark yellowish green. It is re-
puted to be sedative, nauseating, emetic, disoxy-
genizing, (?) and has been given in diabetes and
disea^s of increased excitement Dose, gtt. viij.
to gtt. XX.
Ammo'xi^ Tartras, AVhali volat'ili tartaric
tn'tuM, Sal Ammoni'acutn tarta'reutHf Tar'tarut
amnio'niiB, Tartrate of Ammo'niaf (F.) Tartrate
d'Ainmonxaque. A salt composed oi tartaric acid
and ammonia. It is diaphoretic and diuretic;
but not much U8cd.
AM3tONIAQUE, Ammonia— a. Animate d',
Arseniate of ammonia — a. Hvdroeul/ure eT, Am-
monise sulphuretum — a. Hyaroeulfnte ful/uri cT,
Ammonite sulphuretum— a. Liquide, Liquor am-
moniac — a. Phosphate cT, Ammonise phosphas —
a. Sul/nre hydrogSnS d*, Ammonia) sulphuretum.
AMMONII lODIDUM, Ammonium, iodide of.
AvwoNii loDURETFN, Ammonium, iodide of.
AMMONIO-CUPRICUS SUBSULPHAS, Cu-
prum ammoniatum.
AMMO'NION, from afiftoi, 'sand.' An ancient
eollyrium of great virtues in many diseases of the
eye, and which was said to remove sand from
that organ.
AMMONIUM ARSENICICUM, Arseniate of
ammonia — a. Carbonicum, Ammoniro carbonas
— a. Uydroiodicum, Ammonium, iodide of — a.
lodatum. Ammonium, iodide of.
Ammo'nium, I'odide op, lod'idum sen lodure'-
tum ammoniif Ammomum loda'tum sen Hydro-
iod'icum, Hydri'odae ammo'niaf Hydri'odate of
ammo'nia. This salt is formed by saturating
liquid hydriodie acid with caustic ammonia^ and
evaporating the solution. It is applied in the
form of ointment (3J €UL adipi9 5J) in lepra,
psoriasis, Ac.
Ammoniuh Muriaticuic Martiatum seu Mar-
TiALE, Forrum ammoniatum — a. Muriatum, Am-
monia) mnrias — a. Snbcarbonenm, Ammoniss car-
bonas — a. Bulf hydratum, Ammonise sulphuretom
^-A. Sulphuricum, Ammonise sulphas.
AMNA ALCALIZATA, Water, mineral, sa-
line.
AMNEMOSYNE, Amnesia.
AMNE'SIA, Amnest'iaf Amnemoe'ynf^ from a,
privative, and ftvrfctiy * memory.' Moria imbee"-
ilis amne'gia, Obliv'io, ReeoUectio'nie jactu'ra,
DysOiBthe'sia inter' noy Debit' itae memo'rieBf Me-
mo' ria dele'tOf (F.) JPerte de NimoirCf 'loss of
memory.' By some Nosologists, amnesia consti-
tutes a genus of diseases. By most, it is consi-
dered only as a symptom, which may occur in
many diseases.
AMNESTIA, Amnesia.
AMNI TIS. Amnitis.
AMNIOCLEP'SIS, from Amnion, and rXnrrw,
' I steal or take away clandestinely.' Premature
escape of the liquor omniL
AMNIORRHCE'A, from amniwiy and ^tw, 'I
flow.' A premature disohaxge of the liquor amnii.
AM'NIOS, Am'nion, Afn'mum, Hym'nium,
Chnrta virgin' en, Armatu'ra, Affni'na menibra'na,
Pellu'cida membra'na, Galea, Seepar'num, Indu'-
aium, Amie'ulum, Membra'na fattum inrol'vene.
The innermost of the enveloping membranes of
the foetus: — so called because first observed in
the sheep, (?) a/ivei, * a sheep.' It is tbin, trans-
|»arency perspirable, and possesses many delicate,
enloorlees vessels, which have not been injected.
1% is generally considered to be produced by a
fold of the external layer of Uie germinal mcm-
frrane. rising up, and gradually enveloping the
embryo. Its external surface is feebly united to
•tbt eoorioB b? aceolar and Tasoular filamente.
Its inner surface is polished, and is in eontael
with the body of the foetus and the liquor amnS.
AMNIOT'IC ACID, Ac"idum am'nieum Tel
amniot'icum. A peculiar acid, found by Vauque-
lin and Buniva in the liquor amnii of the cow.
AMNI'TIS, Amnii'tii, from Amnion and iHt,
inflammation. Inflammation of the Amnion.
AMCENOMA'NIA, from amanue, 'agreeable,'
and mania. A form of mania in which the hal-
lucinations are of an agreeable character.
AMOME FAUXy Sison amomum.
AMO'MUM CARDAMO'MUM, A. repent sen
racemo'eum, A. verum, Alpin'ia eardamo'mvmf
Caro'pi, Mato'nia Cardamo'mumy Etetta'ria Car^
damo'mum, Cardamo'mum Minuty Lester or offiei'
nal Car'damonty (F.) Cardamome de la C6te dt
3fal<tbary Cardamome. The seeds of this East
India plant have an agreeable, aromatic odour,
and a pungent, grateful taste. They are car-
minative and stomachic: but are chiefly used
to give warmth to other remedies. The fruit ii
called Amomis. Dose, gr. t. to 9j.
AiroMUM CuRcuxA, Curcumalonga.
Amomuk Qalakoa, Maranta G.
A HO M UK Grantjh Paradi'si, Cardamo'mum
majuty Melcguet'ta, Jfaniguet'ta, Cardamo^mum
pipera'tum, A, max'imum, (F.) Oraines de Para-
dis. Greater cardamom seeds resemble the last
in properties. They are extremely hot, and not
much used.
AvoMUM HiRSUTVif, Costus — a. Montannra,
see Cassumnniar — a. Pimcnta: see Myrtus pi-
men ta — a. Repens, A. cardamomum — a. Sylvea-
tre, see Cassumnniar — a. Zedoaria, Kasmpfezia
rotunda — a. Zenimbet, see Cassumuniar.
Amomtth Zin'giber, Zin'giber oj^cina'lSy Zin*"
giber album, Z. nigrum, Z. commu'ne, Zin'tiber,
Ginger, (F.) Ginqembre. The tchite and black
gingery Zin'ziber fueeum et cUbum, are the rhiioma
of the same plant, Zin'giber ojfficina'liy the dif
ference depending upon the mode of preparing
them.
The odour of ginger is aromatic ; taste wam^
aromatic, and acrid. It yields its virtues ti-
alcohol, and in a great degree to water. It if
carminative, stimulant, and sialogoguo.
Preserved Ginger, Zingib'eris jRadie Condi'ta,
Radix Zingib'eris condi'ta ex Indid aJla'ta, is I
condiment which possesses all the virtues of
ginger.
Ginger-Beer Potcders may be formed of vhH9
*^^ff^^f 3J* *^*^ BU* 9*"9*^f ST' v- eubcarbonate of
soda, gr. xxxvj in each blue paper : acid of tar-
tar y ^iss in each white paper, — for half a pint of
water.
Oxlcy's Concentrated Essence of Jamaica Gin'
ger is a solution of ginger in rectified spirit,
AMOR, Love.
AMORGE, Amurca.
AMORPHUS, Anhistous, Anideus.
AMOSTEUS, Osteocolla.
AMOUR, Love — a. Phytique, Appetite, ve-
nereal.
AMOUREUX (muscle.) Obliquus superior
oculi.
AMPAC, Amp'acus, An East India tree, the
leaves of which have a strong odour, and are
used in baths as detergents. A very odoriferoua
resin is obtained from it.
AM PAR, Succinnm.
AMPELOCARPUS, Galium aparine.
AMPELOPRASUM, Allium.
AMPELOP'SIS QUINQUEFO'LIA, FftytV-
ian Creeper, American Ivy, Fiveleaved Ivy,
Woody Climber, An indigenous climbing plant.
Family y Titaceas ; which flowers in July. It luui
been advised as an expectorant.
AMPELOS^ VitU Tinifexa— a. Agria, Bryoni*
AMPHAJHFHOTEBOBIOPSIA
$t
AMTGDAinr
ilba— a. Id»8, Vaednfaim YiUa Idna — ^ Oino-
phorof, Vitifl Tinifera.
AMPHAMPHOTERODIOPSIA, BiplopU.
AMPHARIS'TEROS, Ambil^t'tm^, 'avkward;'
from c^^i, and afivrtptf 'the lefL' Opposed to
ambideztor.
AMPHEMERINOS, Quotidian.
AMPHEMBRU8, Quotidian.
AHPHI, ft^i, 'both, aronnd, on all sides.'
Heaoe, a prefix in many of the following tenns.
AMPHIAM, Opium.
AMPHIARTHRO'SIS, from aiuft, 'both/ and
mfSfmvit, 'articulation/ A mizea articulation,
In which the corresponding Burfisoes of bones are
vniled in an intimate manner by an intermediate
body, which allows, howerer, of some slight mo-
tion. Such is the junction of the bodies of the
Tertsbrv by means of the interrertebral car-
tilages. This articulation has also been called
JHmtkroM d€ OotUinmU, The motion it permits
b bnt slight
AMPHIBLESTRODITIB, Retinitis.
AMPHIBLESTROIDES, Reticular.
AMPHIBLESTROMALA'OIA, from empki^
lU^tniVtU* (membrana) the retina, and /taXojrM,
* softening.' MoUesoenoe or softening of the
AMPHIBRAK'OHIA, from a^^i, 'around,'
and fifmyxi«9 ' the throat' Ampkibrofifchin, The
tonsils and neighbouring parts. — H^poerates.
AMPHICAUBTI8, Vulra.
AMPHIB'EUM, from a/i^i, 'around/ and itm,
*1 bind.' The outermost margin of the cervix
nteri ; the Ltihiwm vieri,
AMPHIDEXIUS, Ambidexter.
AMPHIDIARTHRO'SIS, from o/i^c, 'about,'
and ittf^^ttett, 'a moTcable joint' A name given
by Winslow to the temporo-maxillary articula-
tion, because, according to that anatomist it
partakes both of ginglymus and arthrodia.
ABCPHIBSlfA CORDIS, Pericardium.
AMPHIMERINA, Pertussis—a. HecticayHeo-
tie fever.
AMPHIMBRIKOS, Quotidian.
AMPHION, Maslach.
AMPfilPLBX, PerinsBura.
AMPHIPNBUMA, Dyspnoea.
AMPHISMBLA, Knife, double-edged.
AMPHISMILB, Knife, donble-ed^
AMPHISPHAL'SIS, Cirtftmae'Uo, Oireuwt-
dueftio, from a^^i, ' around/ and v^AXm, 'I wan-
der.' The movement of circumduction used hi
redndng luxations. — Hippocrates.
AMPHODIPLOPIA, see Diplopia.
AM'PHORA, per syncop. for a^^c0«f«rf, from
«fi^(, ' on both sides,' and ^cfw, ' I bear :' because
it had two handles. A liquid measure among
the ancients, containing above seven g^lons.
Also called Qmadranlfal, Oera'whum, Ceram^nium,
AMPHORIO RESPIRATION, see Cavernous
Resplratien.
AMPHOTERODIPLOPU, see Diplopia.
AMPHRODIPLOPIA, Diplopia.
AMPLEXATIO, Coition.
AMPLBXU8, Coition.
AM PLIFICATIO, Platynosis.
AMPLIOPIA, Amblyopia, "**•
AMP0SI8, Anaposis.
AMPOULES, Essera.
A]fPUL'LA,(L.)' A bottle.' A membranous
bag, shaped like a leathern bottie. See Cavitas
P Hp tiea. In jpbarmaey, a receiver.
A]fPtn.LA Crtufbra sku Chtli, Reeepta-
eolum chylL
AMPULLiB, Pblyetenn.
AKPUTATION, Amjmie^Uo, from an^pmtart,
{mm, 'anmadf' and jnnare,) 'to eat oiL' Apot'-
cm9, Apotomfia, The operation of separating, by
means of a cutting instrument, a limb or a part
of a limb, or a projecting part> as the mamm%
penis, Ac., from the rest of the body. In the
ease of a tumour, the term exeition, removal, ct
exHrpatumf(V,) Beeeetion, is more commonly used.
Ahputatiok, Cibcular, is that in which tiie
integuments and muscles are divided circularly.
Amputatioit, Flap, (F.) A.dlambeanx, is when
one or two flaps are left so as to covM the stump^
when the limb has been removed.
AnpiTTATioir, JoncT, ExarHcula'Uo, (F.) A.
dant VartieU on daru la eontiguiti dtt fMmhru,
is when the limb is removed at an articulation.
Each amputation requires a different prooess,
which is described in works on operative surgery.
AicpuTAnoir, Spohtanboub, See Spontaneous.
AMULET, Amuletum.
AMULETTE, Amuletam.
AMULETUM, from amo/m, 'to remove.' An
AmtiUtf Periam'wMf Apotrona'tuHf Periap'ton,
Phylaete'rion, ApoteUtfnut, Exarte'ma, AUxica*-
eum, Pra9ervati*vum,Probiuca'niumf Probtucan'"
Hum, (F.) AmuUtte* Any image or substance
worn about the person for the purpose of pre-
venting disease or danger.
AMUR'CA, Amur' go, afio^viy. The euire or
grounds remaining after olives have been crushed
and deprived of their oil. It has been used a#
an application to ulcers.
AMUROA, Amurea.
AM USA, Musa Paradisiaca.
A'MTCE, Amyeha, Amy'xU. Excoriation, Sca-
rification.
AMTCHA, Amyoe.
AMYC'TICA, from aftvceu, 'I lacerate,' Me-
dicines which stimulate and vellicate the skin.-—
CsbUus Anrelianus.
AMYDRIASIS, Mydriasis.
AMYEL'IA, from a, privative, and nveXof,
'marrow/ A monstrous formation, in which
there is an absence of spinal marrow.
AMTG'DALA, same etymon as Amyctica;
because there seem to be fissures in the shell.
The Almond, of which tiiere are two kinds;
Amyg'daUt ama*rtt and A, dulee9, (F.) Amandet
amiret, and A. donees, obtained from two varie-
ties of Amyg'dalvm communxt or A. tati'va, a
native of Barbary. Nat. Ord, Amygdaless. Sex^
Sjftt. Icosandria Monogynia.
The taste of Amygdala duMs is soft and sweet;
that of A. <xmara, Ditter. Both yield, by exprea.
sion, a sweet, bland oil. The bitter almond eon-
tains Prussic acid. They are chiefly used for
forming emulsions.
Auto'daljb Pasta, Ahnond PatU, a eosmetio
for softening the skin and preventing chaps, is
made of hiner almond; bluiched, Jiv, toAtle of
one egg; roee water, and reetiJUd epirit, eqnill
parts, or as much as is sufficient
Airro'BAL^ Placbx'ta, Almond Oake, is the
cake left after the expression of the oil. The
ground Almond Oake, Almond Poufder, Pari'na
Amygdala'rum, is used instead of soap for wash-
ing the hands.
A]nreDAi.A, TonsiL Also, a lobule or promi.
nence of the oerebellum,«o called from its resem-
blance to an enlarged tonsil. This and its fellow
of the opposite side form the lateral boundariee
of the anterior extremity of the valley, and are
in great part covered by the medulla oblongata.
The Amygdalae are seated on either siae of the
uvula, in the fourth ventricle.
AMTODALATUM, Emulsio Amygdalss.
AMYODALE, TonaU.
AMTQ'DALIN, Amyadali'num, AmyadalVn^^
Amyg'daline. A principle contained In bitter
•ImondSi which is ^^pared by pressing tlM
AMTGDALITIS
68
ANAOOLLRMA
kndBed almonds between heated plates to sepa-
rate the fat oil ; boiling the residue in alcohol ;
eraporatingy and treating with ether, which pre-
cipitates the amygdaline in a crystalline powder.
A weak solution of it, under the influence of a
small quantity of emuUiin or wynaptoMtf which
constitutes the larger portion of the pulp of al-
monds, yields at onoe oil of bittw almonds and
hydrocyanic acid.
AMYGDALITIS, Cynanohe tonsillaris.
AMYGDALUS, see Amygdala.
AMroDALUB CoMvnvis, see Amygdala.
Amyg'dalus Per'sica, Per'tica vtdga'ri: The
common peaeh-treey (F.) Picker. The leaves and
flowers have been considered laxative. They are
bitter and aromatic, and have been given in hsB-
maturia, nephritis, Ac The fruit is one of the
pleasant and wholesome summer fruits, when
ripe. The kernels, Amyg'dalm Per*9ie<B, as well
as the flowers, contain prussic add.
Peach Brandy is distilled from the fruity and
is much used in the United States.
AMYGMOS, Scarification.
AM YLA'CE A {remedia), from atnylum^ 'starch.'
Bemedics whose chief medicinal constituent is
ataroh.
AMYLEON, Amylum.
AMYLI lODIDlTM, Starch, iodide of— a.
lodnretum. Starch, iodide of.
A'MYLUM, A'midwmy Fe</ulaf AmyVeon,
AmyVioHf from a, priv., and /tvAiy, 'a mill,' be-
cause made without a mill. Stare h, (F.) Amidon,
Amylon, Starch of Wheat, Fari'noy Trxeieifari'-
na, Amylum tritVceum sen Trit'ieif Ferula Amy-
ia'eecty is inodorous and insipid, white and fria-
ble. It is insoluble in cold water and alcohol,
but forms with boiling water a strong, semi-trans-
parent jolly. It is demulcent, and is used as an
emollient glyster, and as the vehicle for opium,
when given per anum. Starch is met with abun-
dantiy in aU the cereal grains, in the stalks of
many of the palms, in some lichens, and in many
tuberous roots, particularly in the bulbs of the
orchis.
Ajctlxth AiciRicANxnr, see Arrow root — a. Can-
naoeum, Toue-lee-moi* — a. lodatum. Starch,
iodide of — a. Manihotioum, see Jatropha mani-
hot — a. Marantaceum, Arrow-root — a. Palma-
ceum, Sago — a. Quemenm, Racahout
A'MYON, from a, priv., and /ivoy, ' a muscle,'
Emueeula'tue. Without muscle. Applied to the
limbs, when so extenuated that the muscles can-
not be distinguished.
AMYOSIS, Synesisis.
AMYRIS COMMIPHORA, see BdeUinm.
Am'tris Elemif^era, (F.) BaUamier EUmi-
fhre. Nat, Ord. TerebinthaoesB. Sex. Svet,
Octandria Monogynia. The plant whence it has
been supposed Gum Elb'hi is obtained. This
gum or resin is brought from the Spanish East
and West Indies. Bratnlian Elemi, according
to Dr. Royle, is produced by leiea Icieariba;
4fextcaa Blemi, by Ela'phrium eUmi/erum; and
Manilla Elemi, by Cana'rium commu'ni. It is
aofUsh, transparent, of a pale whitish colour, in-
clining a little to green, and of a strong, though
not unpleasant smell. It is only used in oint-
ments and plasters, and is a digestive.
Amtris GiLBADXiffgiB, soc A. opobalsamum.
Am'tris Opobal'baxuit, (F.) BaUamier de la
Meeque, Bal'eemf Bal'eamum, The plant from
whien is obtained the Balsav or Mecca, Bal^-
$amum genui^num antiquo^rum, BaltameWon,
JBgyt>ti€umm Bal'eamum, BaPeamum Aeiat'ieumf
B, Jwla'ieum, B, Syriaeum, B, e Meced, Coco-
laVtamum, B, Alpi'ni, Olewn BaVeami, Opobal'-
XylobeU^tamumg BaiUam or Balm of Oi-
lead, (F.) Banme Blane, B, de ComttamHmepU
blanc, B, de Oalaad, B, du Grand Oaire, B» Vroi,
Tfrihinthine de GiUad, 7*. d'^gypte, T. du Grand
Kaire, T, de Judfe. A resinous juice obtained
by making incisions into Amyrit opohnVeamum
and A, Gileaden'tie of Linnaeus, BaUamaden'dron
GiUaden'ae of Kunth. The juice of the fruit is
called Carpohal'eamum; that of the wood and
branches XylobaVtamwm, It has the general
properties o^ the milder Torebinthinates.
Amyris Tomentobvk, Fagara octandra.
AMY RON, Carthamus Tinctorius.
A'MYUS, from a, privative, and /nr;, 'ftmooM^
a muscle.' Weak or poor in muscle.
AMYX'IA, from a, privative, and ^v(ia, 'mn-
cns.' Deficiency of mucus.
AMYXIS, Amyce, Scarification.
ANA, ava, a word which signifies 'of each.'
It is used io prescriptions air weU as & and fii, its
abbreviations. As a prefix to wordsy it means
' in,' * through,' ' upwMils,' ' above,' in opposition
iocata; also 'repetition,' like the Engludi re.
Hence. —
ANAB'ASIS, from ava^atvu, 'I ascend.' The
first period of a disease, or Uiat of increases-
Galen. See Augmentation.
ANABEXIS. Expectoration.
ANABLEP'SIS, from ova, 'again,' and ffknu,
' I see.' Restoration to sight
ANABOL^'ON, Anabole'ue, from avafiakXi*, 'I
cast up.' An ointment for extracting darts or
other extraneous bodies.
ANAB'OLE, from avot 'upwards,' and fitAXm,
'I cast.' Anago'gi, Anaph'ora, Anacine'ina,
Anacine'eie. An evacuation upwards. An aot
by which certain matters are c(jected by the
mouth. In common acceptation it includes, ex-
epuition, expectoration, regurgitation, and vonniU
ing,
ANABROCHIS'MUS, Anahron'ehiemue, from
am, 'with,' and fipoxot, 'a running knoL' An
operation for removing Uie eye-lashes, for exam-
ple, when they irritate the eye, by means of a
hair knotted around them — Hippocrates, Galen,
Celsus, Ac,
ANA6R0NGHISMUS, Anabrochismns.
ABA6R0SIS, Corrosion, Erosion.
ANACAMPSEROS, Sedum telephinm.
ANACAR'DIUM OCCIDENTA'LE, Aeajuha
oeeidenta'lie, Caeeu'vium pomi/'erum, Caehew
( W, Indict.) (F.) Ac'ajou, Nat, Ord, Terebin-
thacesB. Sex, Syet, Enneandria Monogynia.
The Oil of the Oaeheu) Nut, O'leum Anacar^dii^
(F.) Huile d* Acajou, is an active canstio, and used
as such in the counties where it grows, especially
for destroying warts, Ac
Ajtacardium Orientale, Avioennia tomen-
tosa.
ANACATHAR'SIS, from ara, 'upwards,' and
Ka^aipttv, ' to purge.' Purgation upwards. Ex-
pectoration. See, also, Repnrgatio.
Anacatharsis Catarrhaub SnfPLKXy Ca-
tarrh.
ANACATHARTICUS, Expectorant
ANACESTOS, Incurable.
ANACHREMPSIS, Exspnition.
ANACHRON, Soda.
ANAOINEMA, Anabole, Exspnition.
ANACINESIS, Anabole, Exspnition.
ANACLASIS, Repercussion.
ANACLINTE'RIUM, Anaclin'trum, Reeuhi-
to'rium, from avaKXtim, * I recline.' A long chair
or seat, so formed that the person can rest in a
red Id ing posture.
AXAOLINTRUM, Anaclinterium.
ANACOLLE'MA, from om, 'together, and
nlkKmm, * I glae.' A healing medidnc
Ahacolueiuta, Frontal MBMtaci«»
AKACOLUPPA
99
ANANTAS
* AKACOLUP'PA. A creeping plant of Mala-
Imr, the jaiee of which, mixed with powdered
|>epper, pMses in India as a cure for epilepsy,
and as ^e only remedy for the bite of the ni^a.
It is supposed to be Zapa'nia nodifio'rcu
ASACOLUTHlEf Incoherence.
ANAGOMIBE, Restauratio.
ANAGONCHYLIASMUS, Gargarisnu
ANACONGHYLISMUS, Oargariam«
ANACTESIS, ResUuratio.
ANACTIRION, Artemisia.
ANACTCLEON, Charlatan.
ANACYCLUS OFFICIXARUM, see Anthe-
mis Pyrethrnm — a. Pyrethmm, Anthemifl pyr»-
thmm.
ANADESMUS, Fascia.
ANADIPLO'616, from am, 'again/ and aiirXo«,
* I doable/ Epanadiplo'M, EpanaUp'tU, Redu-
pliea'tio. The redoubling which occurs in a
paroxism of an intermittent^ when its type is
doable. — Galen, Alexander of Trallos.
ANADORA, Ecdora.
ANAD'OSIS, from avaitiitiit, *l distribute.'
Porgation upwards, a« by vomiting. Congestion
of blood towards the upper parts of the body.
AnadotU seems also to have occasionally meant
ehylification, whilst diado»%» meant capilkjry nu-
trition, — Hippocrates, Oalen.
AN AD' ROME, from am, * upwards,' and Iftt^mt
* I run.' The transport of a humour or pain from
a lower to ui upper part. — Hippoor. Also, the
globus hystericus.
AN.£D(E'US, from w, privative, and ai^oia,
'organa of generation.' A monster devoid of
■exual organs.
ANiBMATOPOIE'SIS, from a, av, privative,
'mipm, * blood,' and wcim, ' I make.' Impeded or
obstructed hsBmatosis.
AN^MATO'SIS, Ankamato'tU, from a, av,
privative, and 'aifta, * blood.' Defective hsema-
tfosis or preparation of the blood. Anaemia.
AN^'MIA, Ex^'mia, Ana'miuu, Anha^mittf
AMk4»mato'»i9, Polyanha'mia, Anamo'M, Oliga'-
mui, OliffokiB'miaf HifpcB'tnia, Hydroa'nUaf Hy-
drtB'uMy Ane'mia, (F.) AnhnU, PolyanhfrniCf
Sjfdrokimi; Extanguinxtnff £loodU»9n«u : from
Mf priv., and 'cifia, * blood.' Privation of blood ;
— the opposite to plethora. It is characterized
by every sign of debility. Also, diminished quan-
tity of fluids in the capillary vessels ; — the oppo-
site to JBfyperamia. — The essential character of
the blood in aniyimia is diminution in the ratio
of red oorpusdes.
AN^'MIC, Anen'ic, An<B'micu» ; same ety-
mon. Appertaining to Anasmia, — as an " anamie
person ;" " an<Bnic urine."
AN JBMOCH'ROUS, from «, ay, privative, *atfta,
'blood,' and XP*^ 'colour.' Devoid of colour,
pale.
ANiBMOSIS, Anssmia.
ANiGMOT'ROPHY,AnamofropVia.- fromav,
privative, 'ai/*a, * blood/ and rpo^v, 'nourish-
ment.' A deficiency of sanguineous nourishment.
— ProaL
ANJP.MYDRIA, Anhydrssmia.
AN^STHE'SIA, AH<B»the'»is, Intntibmtat,
Analge'tiOf Parap'n* expert, (F.) Anetthitie :
from a, privative, and aioOavo/iai, ' I feel.' Pri-
vation of sensation, and especially of that of touch,
according to some. It may be general or partial,
and is almoat always symptomatic.
Akjcsthesia LjNoUiE, Ageustia — a. Olfactoria,
Anosmia.
AN^STIIESIS, AnsBsthesia.
ANiBSTHET'IC, Aneathefie, Anttrtheeietu,
AmettkM^tte ; same etymon, as Anartkena, Re-
lating to privation of feeling, as an " anaHhetic
•gent/' ono that prevents feelini^ as chloroform
to tjie
inhaled during a surgical oporalion. Different
agents have been used as ansssthetics, — sulphurie
ether, chloroform, chloric ether, compound ether,
chlorohydrio and nitric ethers, bisulphuret of
carbon, chloride of defiant gas, benzin, alde>
hyde, light coal-tar naphtha, Ac ; but the first
four are alone employed as agents.
AN^STHETIZA'TION, (F.) Anetthititatian^
same etymon. The condition of the nervous sys*
tern induced by ansesthetios.
ANJSSTHISIA, InsensibiUty.
ANAOAL'LIS, from ava, and yaXa, 'milky
from its power of coagulating milk. A. arvtn'Btt,
A. Phixnit^^tsaf Red Pim'pemel, Scarlet Pimper~
neL Nat, Ord, PrimulacesB. Sex, Sjftt. Fen-
tandria Monogynia. (F.) Jfouron rouge. A
common European plant; a reputed antispasmo-
dic and stomachic.
Another species — Anagal'lie caeru'lea is a mere
variety of the above. \
Anagallis Aquatica, Veronica Beccabunga. )
ANAGARGALICTON, Gargarism.
ANAGARGARISMUS, Gargarism.
ANAGARGARISTON, Gargarism.
ANAGLYPH E, Calamus scriptorins.
ANAGOGE, Anabole, Rejection.
AN AG RAPHE, Prescription.
ANAG'YRIS, Anag'ifnUf Ae'opon, Anag'yrit
fob'tida^ Stinking Bean TrefoiL Native of Italy.
The leaves are powerfully purgative. The juice
is said to be diuretic, and Uie seeds emetic — ^Di-
OBCorides, Panlus. ,
ANAGYRUS, Anagyris.
ANAL, Ana'lia. That which refers
anus ; — as AniU region, Ao.
ANAL'DIA, (F.) Analdie; from a, privative,
and aXittv, * to grow.' Defective nutrition.
ANALEMSIA, Analepsia.
ANALENTIA, Analepsia.
ANALEP'SIA, AnaUp'tig, Analen'tia, Ana-
lenCeia, from ava, 'fresh,' and \a^0a»uv, 'to take.'
Restoration to strength after disease. — Galen. A
kind of sympathetic epilepsy, originating from
gastric disorder. See Epilepsy.
Also, the support given to a fractured eztro-
mity ; — Appen'no, — Hippocrates.
^ ANALErSIS, Convfdesoence, Restauratio.
ANALEP'TICA, Anapujfe'tiea, Ptyehot'iea,
Re/eeti'va, Rejicien'tiaf Analep'tie»f some ety-
mon. Restorative medicines or food; such as
are adapted to recruit the sta^ngth during con-
valescence : — as sago, salep, tapioca, jelly, Ac.
Analsptic Pills, James's, consist of Jame^a
PowdeTf Gum Ammoniaeum, and PilU of AlofM
and Myrrhy equal parte, with Tineiwt of Gattor,
sufficient to form a mass.
ANALGE'SIA, Anal'gia, frt>m a, priv., and
aXyoff 'pain.' Absence of pain both in health
and disease. See Anaesthesia.
ANALGIA, Analgesia.
AN'ALOGUE, Anal'ogua; from avo, 'again/
and Xoyos, ' a description.' A part in one orga-
nized being which has the same function as ano-
ther part in another organized being.
ANALOGOUS TISSUES, see Tissues.
ANALOSIS, Atrophy.
ANALTESIS, Restauratio.
ANALTHBS, Incurable.
ANAMIRTA COCCULUS, Menispermum coo
cuius — a. Paniculata, Menispermum coccnlus.
ANAMNES'TIC, Anamnee'ttcum, from ava«
' again/ and itvaofiai, ' I remember.' A medicino
for improving the memory. See, also, Comme-
morative.
ANANAS, Bromelia ananas — a. Aculeata, Bro-
melia ananas — a. Americana, Bromelia pingulu
— a. Ovata, Bromelia ananas— Wild, br04i4.
leaved* Bromelia pinguio.
INXKEO-SIS, Rin.
nowal,— I
tba blood bf the dijlifa
ANAPBTl'A, Bxpan'iio mca'tuu.., rrom <■»,
wid «riiia, 'I dil&te.' A aUite oppoiile [o the
■loture of VMSclii — Oilea.
ANAPHALANTl'ASI3,AiM;i*atoalu'ma^m
flra^Adtridf, ' bald.' Lohi of the hiiir of the ejfl-
brova. Alao, bslilneu in gsncnl,
ANAPHALANTOMA, AnmnlialuiUuU.
ANAPHB, Auaphu.
ANAPU'IA, AKhaph'la, Ai,'apkl, from a, »,
prir., ud 'ii#>i, 'touoh.' UimlnDtion oc priraljoii
of the unis of toaeb.
ANAPULASMUS, Hutnibatlan.
AXAPUONB'SIS, from avt, 'hlgli,' and #..»,,
'ToicB.' KieroitB of the Toioe; Toeitartttion ;—
tiu Bot of trjlng ont. rooi/era'tio, Clator,
AN A PB OK A, AnabDls.
ANAPHHOUIS'IA, from a, priv., ud A*(«-
im, -Viiiini,' J>«/*(i'<i« F»'m.. Abjwneeofthe
Teaerwl app«tiM. Somodmes lued fur Impotanw
Ud SUrilily.
ANAPIIRODISIAC, AntaphTodtriBo.
ANAPHROM&I.I, Uel deipuualum.
ANAP'LABIS, JnapfuiB-u, from .Mihanw.
•I rwUira.' Oanjlr-ia'lio, Ktpet,
tlon. Cnlan or coDiolidatii - ' -
— nippaunbH.
ANAPLASMATIC, AoKplutlo.
ANAPLASUUS, Aospliulii.
ANAPLAS'TIC, Anaplai'iicui ;
An epithet applied to thi art of rMloriag 1o>t
parU, or tba itonnal ihape — u ' Anaplntiic 8iir-
Srj.' Bee Hoiioplutioe. Alio ui ngeol. thnt
iruacea the amooat of plaitio matter — fibrin —
Ersto
a fraaturod bt
ANAPLERO'SIS, from atairXnfo^,
BeplaUoo. That put of surgiml t
vhoae object If to supply parts tlial aj
AIM, Appatttitm or Prmlhsili.
ANAPLEROTICUS, iDcaraant.
ANAPLEU'SIH, FlHctua-lio, Unal
The Id
' I ail np.
>. fron
Blinking atta exfol!ii[«d bonei
OUier (oolh, An. — ITIppDcratci, Paulug.
AKAPLOSIS, Qioirlh.
A.NAPNBC6I8, RcKpimtion.
ANAPNOE, Reapimtion.
ASAPNOKNU'SIi from Anapnot, 'respln-
tiim,' and HEt«[. diieue.' I>ii«a«a( ot tho ra-
■plralorj orttatu.
ASAPNOMETER, Spirometar.
ASAP0DISI8 UTBRI. RoUoTarsio Cleri.
AKAPOOrsMUa DTERI. RetroTartio Uteri.
ANAPODOPHYLLUM CANADENgB, Podo-
phfllnm pellatum.
ANAP'OSIS, Am-po..;, fmm sva, 'aKain,' and
Fumferanoe to tl
to of tlia body — illppo
AN A PS B, Anante.
ANAPSIA, CndtM.
ANAPSVCTICA, Analepllea.
ANAPTYRIS, BlpectarnlloD,
ANAPTYXIS, Growth.
ANABCOTrnA. Nfirt-otlnB.
AtfARBBEaN-D'MINA. from B«,ff«,yv<-ii
tueak oDt again.' Fraotnrei are lo «ill<^d i
ibtj beonma diiuniled; as oell ai ulcers v
that breall out afresli.
iNABRai'NOM, from arir, 'opwnida,*
- l>y Ita
tkin ; from ara, and f.m. ' the ikin.-
ANARRUIMUM, SlvrDutator;.
ANARRHOE, Anvrhaa.
ANAKRIIIE'A, AHar-rhol, At,arria'pin,
Anai-latitjioma-ia, 'Bpwurdi,' and piH, 'I flan.'
Afflux of fluid towards the upper part of Out
ANARRTIOPQE, Ahsorplioa.
ANARRliOPUE^U'SI ; from oniirrh.^,
'absorption/ aud vmiaoSi 'disease.' liiAoiuui of
ANARRUDPHESIS, AbsorpUon.
ANAKRHOPIA, Anarrhisa.
ANAR'TUUUfi, from ar. priv.. and >•}•>», 'a
juiot.' Without ■ joint. Ono nho ia lo fat thai
bis joiuti are acarcel; perceptible^ — Hipp.
AIJASAR'CA, from ih, •IbronEh/ uid nf&
■lero., Jl^daUa-tut, Sgdt
■r'Ba, Bfdrodtr'«.a, J/ydrop-H
Potfi}/tn'pkiat Jlspotarcvtwt
tl dropty, lircptjf of die cc/-
luinr memtraiH, (P-) Amttarque. Commonlj, it
begiui to muufett itself bj loelling nrouDd the
anJiles; uid it cbacnoMrlied by tomcbctlon of
the limbs and ut the eoft parts eoivriag the ab-
dumen, tborsx, and even the thee, with palenau
and drynens iif the skin, and pitting when any
uf these (sspeuutlly the anklet) are pressed npon.
Like drupay in geaenil, Anuarca may be adit*
u[ pniuic^; and its trritment must be regulated
bj the rules that are applimbls lo general dropif.
At Ijmes, the syniplome are of an a^ate chancier,
(ocA'ylil, Hydntpt Anatar'ia ar.'IH, (Sd^ma
m/'iiiun., as. oDK'Jum, ai.ft,hri'li of some. Bm
Hydrops.
PiilmoDum, Bydropneumaiiia, (Edema of the
Lunga — a. Esrusa, Fliiegmaiia dolene.
ANASARCHA, Anuaroa.
AXASAMQVE. Anaeareo.
ASABISMUS, Conenfdan.
ANAgPAtllA, see Ananpsdirans.
ANAfiPA'DIAS, Bpitpa-diat. from era, 'up-
wards,' bhi] BiEiii, 'I drBw.' One whose uiethn
upeni on (he upper eurface of the penis.
AMASPAUlSie, see ADaspadi«tu.
ANASPAblSMUS, see ABaspadlniu.
ANAS'PASm, Atuupatvi-fi, from <iH«M, 'I
DontraeL' Setrm'lia. ContraetioD. espeoally ot
the bowels. The eondilioD is called Anotpa'dia,
Annmnnd'imi*, and JiirtJvpftr'iVmtHr^-Hippuerates.
AhASPABNDB, Anaqweis.
ANASSA. Brumalbt ananaa.
ANASTALTICA, Stypties.
ANASTASIS, Anarrhaa. Also, TestoratloQ
from sieknesa. Convalenenoe.
ANAST(ECEEI0'6ie, fnm eia. 'agiln.' and
TTHifiioT, 'element.' Retlrmenta'iia. Reiolu-
lion of a body or iti parti into their elements —
Gilon.
ANASTOMO'^IB, fton.wi, 'with,' ind mf«.
'a month." hatmla'Ko sen Bcv'nia mun'rum,
EriJiatofKo'tit, 0<-ne«r'i«; (F.) Afcn»'*«»»-I.
Corarannieoeion between two Tiasold. Bj eonsl.
dering the Burves to be ehsoncK In whloh ■
norroDs llnid eirenlitei, Iboir eanimaDleaUon Uke-
snaat'iniDnes, if the euune of a Said be arretUd
in one vessel. It VBU pruceed bIode ulhera.
J
A9AST0H0TI08
n
AKCHirSA AKG178TIFOLIA
AvASTOMosxs AnvBxaicATicA, TelaagieeUsia
«— «. Jacobson's ; — eee Petrosal ganglion.
AK ASTOMOT'ICS, Anattomot'ica, Same ety-
mon. Certain medicinM were formerly so called,
-which were belieTod to be capable of opening the
months of vesisels : — as aperients, diuretics, kc.
ANASTOMOT'ICUS MAGNUS, JRAMUS,)
(F.) Artire coUaUraU interrUf A. collatSrale du
comitf Is a branch of the brachial artery which
comes off a little abore the elbow, and bestows
branches to the braohialis intemus, to the nnder
edge of the triceps, and to the muscles, ligaments,
4e., about the elbow joints See, also. Articular
arteries of the knee.
ANASTROPHB UTERI, InTCrsio uterL
AKATASIS, Extension.
ANATHYMUMA, Anathymiasis.
ANATHYMI'ASIS, Anatkymi'ama, from era,
' upwards,' iwd 0»^a, ' fumigation.' CEde'ma /u-
gtUf CEde'ma tpas^tieutn, (Ede'ma hytter'ieum,
A.na*ar*ca hytter'ieum. An uncertain and tran-
eient swelling or inflation, said to have been ob-
•erved at times in nerrous and hysterical per-
aons. It also means Exhalation, Fumigation, and
Hypochondriasis.
AXATOLE UNGUIUM, see NaiL
ANATOME, Anatomy— a. Animata, Physi-
ology.
ANATOMLA, Anatomy — a. Animalis, Zootomy
—a. Comparata, Zootomy — a. Comparativa, Zo-
otomy — a. Viva, Physiology.
ANATOMIEy Anatomy — a. CkirurgictUe, see
Anatomy — a. dc9 Riaum»t see Anatomy.
ANAT'OMIST, AnaUmficuB, One who oo-
eopies himself with anatomy. One Tersed in
Anatomy.
ANAT'OMT, Anol'om^, AnaUm'ia, Protc^tio,
from AMI, and rt^vuv, 'to out,' (F.) Anaiomie,
The word Anatomy properly signifies di$wetion ;
bat it has been appropriated to the study and
knowledge of the number, shape, situation, struc-
ture, and connexion, — ^in a word, of all the appa-
rent properties of organised bodies. Anatomy is
the science of organisation. Some hare giren the
term a still more extended acceptation, applying
it to every mechanical decomposition, even of in-
organic bodies. Thus, Cryttallography has been
termed the Anatamif of crystalUsod minerals.
Anatomy has also been called MorpkoVogyf So^
mtatoro^ift SomaMfomjff OrganoVogy, Ac. It as-
sumes different names according as the study is
eonfined to one organised being, or to a species or
class of beings. Thus, Andlrof omy, or AniAropot'-
omv, orAfUhropog^rapkjf, or Anthropo9omatol'ogjf,
is Une Auatomjf of man: — Zootomjf, that of the other
species of the animal kingdom : and Vet'erinary
Ana^omtf is the anatomy of domestic animals:
bat when the word is used abstractly, it means
Jkusuia Anatcmy, and particularly the study of
^e organs in a physiological or healthy state.
Pkytiological Anatomy is occasionally used to
signify the kind of anatomy which Lnyestigates
structure with a special yiew to function. The
Anatomy of the diseased human body is called
Patiolog"ical or Morbid Anatomy, and when ap-
plied to Medical Jurisprudence, Foren'»ie Anat-
omy, Seversl of the organs possessing a simi-
larity of structure, and beln^ formed of the same
tissues, they have been grouped into Systems or
Genera of Organs ; and the study of, or acquaint-
ance with, snch systems, has been called General
AntU'omy, ffietol'ogVf or Morphot'omu, whilst the
Study of each organ in particular has been termed
DueripHve Anatomy. HUtology is, however, more
frequently appUed to the Anatomy of the Tiewee,
which is called, also, Tex'tural and Ifieroecopie
Anatomy. Descriptive Anatomy has been di-
vided into Skeletotogy which comprises Oeteol'"
ogy, and Symdemnofogy ; and into SareoPogf,
which is stibdivided iuto Myol'ogyf Ne¥roVvgyf
AngioVogyf AdenoVogy^ ^jUanchnol'ogy, andJjer-
moVogy, Sur'gieed Anat'omyt Medieo-Cht'urgical
Anatomy, Topograph' teal AncU'omyf Re'gional
Anat'omy, (F.) Anatomie Chiurgicale, A. det Hi'
gione, is the particular and relative study of the
bones, muscles, nerves, vessels, Ao., with which,
it is Indispensable to be acquainted before per-
forming operations. Compar'ative Anafomy is
the comparative stody of each organ, with a view
to an acquaintance with the modifications of its
structure in different animals or in the different
classes of animals. Traneeendent'al or Philoet^h*-
teal Anatomy inquires into the mode, plan, or
model upon which the animal frame or organs
are formed ,• and Arti/i'cial Anatomy is the art
of modelling and representing in wax or other
substance, the different organs or different parts
of the human body, in the sound or diseased state.
Phytot'omy is the anatomy of vegetables, and
Picto'rial Anatomy, anatomy artistically illus-
trated.
Anatomy, Artipicial, see Anatomy — a. Com*
parative, see Anatomy, Zootomy—- a. Descriptive,
see Anatomy — a. Forensic, see Anatomy — a. Ge-
neral, see Anatomy — a. Human, see Anatomy-^
a. of Man, see Anatomy — a. Medico-chirurgical,
see Anatomy — a. Microscopic, see Anatomy — a.
Morbid, see Anatomy— a. Pathological, see Anat-
omy — a. Philosophical, see Anatomy — a. Physi-
ological, see Anatomy— a. Pictorial, see Anatomy
— a. Practical, see Dissection — a. Regional, see
Anatomy — a. Surgical, see Anatomy — a. Tex*
tural, see Anatomy — a. Topographical, see Anat-
omy — a. Transcendental, see Anatomy — a. Vet>
erinary, see Anatomy.
ANATON, Soda.
ANATREPSIS, Restauratio.
ANATRESIS, Perforation, Trepanning.
ANATRIBE, Friction.
ANATRIPSI8, Friction.
ANATRIPSOL'OGY, Anatripeolog^'ta, Ann-
triptolog"ia, from avar^^ns, * friction,' and \eyi,
'a discourse.' A treatise on friction as a re-
medy.
ANATRIPTOLOGIA, Anatripsology.
ANATRON, Natmm, Soda.
ANAT'ROPE, from am, * upwards,' and rptwu,
'I turn.' Subversion. A turning or subver-
sion or inverted action of the stomach, charac-
terized by nausea, vomiting, Ac. — Galen. We
still speak of the stomach turning against anj
thing.
ANAUDIA, Catalepsy, Mutitas.
ANAXYRIS, Rumex acetosa.
ANAZESI8, Ebullition.
ANAZOTURIA, see Urine.
ANCHA, Haunch.
ANCHILOPS, iEgilops.
ANCHORALIS PROCESSUS, Coracoid.
ANCUUSA ANGUSTIFOLIA, A. OffJcinolit
— a. Incamato, A. Officinalis — a. Lycopsoides, A.
Officinalis.
Anchu'sa Opficikaus, a, Angnttifo^lia sen
Ineama'ta sen LyeopetA'dee, Alca'na, Lingtta
BovU, Buglot'eum aylvee'tri, Ojffie"inal or Garden
Al'hanet or Sugloee; Nat. Ord. BoraginesD. Sex.
Sytt, Pentandria Monogynia. (F.) Huglose,
A native of Great Britain. The herb woe for-
merly esteemed as a cordial In melancholia and
hypochondriasis ; but it is now rM-ely used. It
is also called Bvgton'ta, Bugltf'eum anguet^V-
Hum majue, B. vulga'ri majtis, B. eati'vtim,
AxcHu'sA Tircto'ria, Alcan'na epu'ria, Dy»
er'e Bugloet, Ane'bium, Bvgloe'eum Tineto*mm,
Lithoeper'mum ptllo'tum, JDwer'e AVkanet, (F )
Orcanette. A KoropMn puuit. The meufial
AlfCHTLOSIB
itiral
■0 eqnli
uL It Ij HI
ANCHYLOSIS, AiihylMif.
ANCISTKON, IlHiDnluB.
ASi'liLIE. Aqulleirtii ralguif.
AS<^>S. Elhow, OUcthboo.
AVCIIXA1>. les Ancnnal ABp««t.
ASi.'ONAfJRA, l'«hvBgr«,
ANCU'XALi Imm i^nr, 'tbe elbow.' Relat-
Idj, nr a|i|>prtiuniii;; lo, thi> elbow or the olsmnon.
Axrii^AL AspKCT. An Mpict Uiwnrds tbv iild*
on ■rhi<^h Ibe incoa or elboir in •ilosled. — Bar-
cU.T. Anrn'iinii It OKd by th« Hint itriUr ■•]-
TarWtlT. toiilgnir; 'lowardii tbe uinidkl upocL'
AXm.VK, Anconm*.
AXCONF/rS, from a)-»r,' the clhow.' A Wnn
oneo ftppliiHi lo everj ninsflo Hltarhfd to (he olc-
cnnnii. Winilciir dlntin^piiabed fonr: — tha </rtal,
iricfnnt, intmni, nnd mall; the Bnt three being
portiuni ol the oiudb muBcle, (be iritrpt brathia-
lli. The Innt has, ilnne. retained the nnme. It
li the Aiir«f>yw minor at ^'Inllow, the Airoiie'xl
tfl CMta-lii ItiOLt'Ni of DnuglBH, the £»i'«ni.
il^«-rtl.;in'll' ft ChKQiiKler, tlie Brtrit Cu-blti,
(F.) Aitrnnf, nnd in Bitnnle al the upper snd baek
part of tlio fure-ann. It ariio from the eiterotl
canil.vle nf (be ni bomcri, nnd in Inncricd ln(a
thepoKterioredi;Dof (be npper third "ftbenla*.
It« n^e is t(i kid in the extenplon nf the rore-nrm.
AvrDiiKrii ExTEii:(rii, tee Tricrpa extrntor
. cnhiti — Ik Intcmun, tee Tricrpt cxtcntor cnhiti
— ■. Mnjnr. He THrep* txtencor enblti.
ASCTE'REP. Fi6«la or CTmn., bj which
tke lipt nf wnnndt were formerly kept together.
— Cel'Tit, Oalen.
ASCTERIAPMITR, Intlbolation,
ASCl'-mirS, /•tir./nc'do. An ■ITcetion of
the e;e, in wbieh there ii a eeDWtiDD u if tand
were irritiitinj; tbe ormui.
ANCliXNUEX'TJt. A name formerlj giTen
to tnen'tmitine reoialct.
ANCUS, AntK., trom Bynw, 'the elbow,' One
who rannot extend hit u-mt compleltlj.
Alto, the deforniit; rrnnltinjE fPom a IniatioD
•f tlio hnuiemi or forearm — Uippocratei.
ANrVLE, Ankylotit.
AKrVLOBI.EPlIAROX. AnhvloblepbaroD.
ANCYLOPBRE. Tnrticnilii.
ASCYLODERIS, ToHleolli;.
ASCYLODOKTIA, AnkrlodonHa.
ANCYLOGLOSSIA, AnkjlogloHia.
ATTCYLOMELE. Ankjitoniele.
ANCYL0MERI8MUS, Ankilomerimai.
AXCYLOPI.S, Ankylotit.
ANPYLOTOMnS, Ank;lDtomD>.
ASCYRA. Hook.
ASCTllOID CAVITT. Digital CBTity.
ANVYROIDES PROCESSUS, Coru'oid.
ANDA. A tree of Druil:— Amfa 0.«i^'<iV,
Jaamnr'tia prlnrrp: Kai. Orrf. Euphorblaroe.
Htx. Sgti. Honreolk Monsdelphia. An oil in
■btkined rrom tha (cedi by preaaure. SO In (HI
drop! of wbleh aft aa ■ «(hartip. The fruit ii
■n oval not, ron(:iininE two teedii. Tbcie haT<
(ha tiieta of (bo cheFlnnI; bitt ore Kronglj ca-
ihnrlle. an.l even emetie. The ibell i* aitiin-
gont, and it nte-i at tneh In dinrrhn-a, Ar.
ASBKLY. MINERAL WATERS OF. An-
del; it in Friinep. near Ujrtore. and eigbl lenEnet
from Ituuen. The water it cold, and a weak cha.
lylicaU. It \m ated in chloroila and abdominal
sbjtmi'tioi.^.
ANDERSON'S FILLB, Filnln Aloea et Ja-
Kps.
AXPTBA IBAT, nenffreii Vermifoffa—s. In-
«rniit, Oeoffrtfft inonnl* — a. Rjifemoia, Oeoffnra
loermiB — ».Siirinnnien*it, HMlf^neaSnri^anlen^il'-
.AA'i>BA^ilAi£ARA, Eamperrlnun (eclorura.
AKBMOlfi OSS BOia
ANDRACRXE, Arbntui onedo, PorlnUat.
ANDRASATOM'IA, Andratinfomt, JacTrv
lom'in, AivItoI'owiI, Anilinipifinny, ftam ar^f,
(.•cnitive nr^c, 'a man.'and r^iriir, '(oent.' Tli*
AN'DHI'A. Adult aire. Htsbood.
Axnni'A Mr'LiER, Jfali'er HemuipkrodUfU*.
A fi-mule hcraiaphrodile.
AN'DROOEN'IA, nrom ntvf, 'man,' and rfrttit,
'g«nore(ion.' The procreation of inalei. — Hip-
ANDR0G"YyU8, from enf, '■ man,' ul
j-ini, ' a woman.' A hernia phrodtte. An alk-
minit« nen<nn. — Ilippoetalea.
AKIIROLEPPIA, Coneepaon.
ASPROMANIA, KTmphamania.
ANDROM'EDA ARBO'REA, 5'orrrf Trtt,
:«W.i- Trte, Sour Wood, Elk Trtt, Elk Wood,
fhn-tl Wood, fhur Ltaf. (F.) AndtnmHitt. A
iidibII indigennns Iree; Sat. Ord. Erireai, Set.
f^t. IWandrin Monogrnia: found in the AUe-
fhiiny MoDutniDi and tbe billi and TBlle;t dl-
rer^png from them, at far at (he tnnthere KmiM
of OrorgTa and Alabama; but teldom north of
Vir);inia. The toarea are refrigerant and aatrin-
gent, and bare been nted to make a kind at !•-
AxdhoVkdi. Maria'ha, J?roaif-I(ar«f Jfeer.
•mrf. A decoetion of tbii Amertein plant ia
ntd to hare been tnccettfVitl; emplojed u a
wBih, in a dlHiRrecable alFeetion,— not uncommon
nmnnictt the alavca in the tnotbem partt of the
1'niled Btat^a,— ealled tha Tot Jlrk. and Grotaut
7(e*. — Bnrton.
ANDROPOOOS BICORNIS, Jonrat odoratnf
— a. CKmtns. Juncna odorstne — a. Citriodorni,
Joneng odonilai, Nardna Indies — a. Kardnt, Ca-
lamne Aiexandrlnnt, Nardna Indiea^ — a. Sehi».
nanlhnt, Jnneni odoratna.
ANDROSACE, UmblUeai marlnaa — a. Mat-
Ibioli, Umbllinif marinni.
ANDR0!I£M1TM. Hrperienm perfiiratura.
AXDROTOMY. Andranatomi*.
ANURUM. An Eatt India word, Utintied
bjr Kaempfer, tlgnif^iag a kind of elephantiaii*
irf tbe icmlnm, endemic In aoothem Asia.
AyJlASTJSf!E3fEyT (F.). V.Vitim wd'iw'.
tlo. Thli word It ofUn emplojed hyperbolicallj,
bjpntienlaln France, to tlgnl^eieeaaivefatigBe,
AN'EnrUM. Anebnaa tinctorib
ANEBI'S. Inipnber.
AKECPYE'TUS, from », for ohv. 'without,'
and ■>>»•, ' I promnle aoppuration.' That which
doet no( tnppurate, or ia not likely t« soppnr*l«.
ANEOER'TICA, fh>m attrcif^, 'I awaksn.'
Tbe art of retuscilsting (he apparently dead.
ANEII.B'MA. Antilt-ft, ham aruUtSm,, 'to
he ndlcd upwardt.* Applied partlenlorl; lo th*
motion of air in the intcitinea and tha tonin*
aceompanying it. — Ilippoeralei.
ANEILESIS, Aneilema.
ANEMIA, Anirmla.
AXEMO'NE. The Wind FI-<Ker: Horn mnftt,
'the wind,' IreeBDtf It doet not open its lloweH
nntil blnitn upon by (he wind.
Asi-JtOSE DES BOIS, /
fto.V. The herb and dow
and corrofiTc. They hi
,a,. {F.) A../—. rf«
M are poltonoiw, aortJ,
re been' nted u rnbe<
AKEMONY
78
ANEURISM
■ular properties with the laat It \a also called
Meadow Jjumony, (F.) PuUatUU noirtf P, det
AsTRMo'^H Pflsatill'la, a. CollVna sea In-
terme'dia sea Pmten'nt sea Rubra, PnU(UiVla
vml^a'ri^r Herha ventU, Nola eul%na*ri€i, Piuque
jio¥t€r, (F.) Coquelourde, possesses like proper-
tiC5.
AxEvoTiV RcTBRA, A. Pratensis — a. Rae-leaved,
Tbalictram anemonoidos — a. Sylveetris, A. Pra-
tensis.
ANEMONY, Anemone hepatica — a. Meadow,
Anemooe pratensis — a. Wood, Anemone nemorosa.
ANEMOS, Wind.
ANENCEPHALIA, see Anencephalos.
ASENCiPHAL TROPHIE, from a», priva-
tive; ffyce^«><K, 'the encephalon/ and r^ipti, 'noa-
lishmenL' Atroph/ of Uie eneephalon.
AKENCEPH'ALUS, from a, privative, and
tymt^m^iHt ' brun.' A monster devoid of brain.
— Bunetus. G. St Hilaire. Also one that has
a part only of the brain ; — Paracepk'alu9. The
condition has been called AneneepAal'ia. A weak,
nllv penon. — Hippocrates.
ANENERGESIA, DebUity.
ANENERGIA, Debility.
ANENTERONERVIA, CoUc.
ANEPISCIIESIS, Incontinentia.
ANEPITHYM'IA, from a, priv., and cri3«/iia,
'desire.' Many nosologisU have nsed this word
for a losi! of the appetites, as of those of hunger,
thinet, venery, Ac
A?cRPiTHVMiA Chlorosis, Chlorosis.
ANER. avffA. genitive av^pof. A man.
ANERETII IS'IA, InirritabWitcu, from o, priv.,
and cfcBicif, * irritability.' Defect of irritability.
•^8we<liaar.
ANERYTHROP'SIA, from av, priv., tpv^pot,
* red/ and orvn^ 'vision.' Defective vision, which
eonsists in an incapability of disUnguishing red.
A5ESIS, Remission.
ANESTHisiE, Anaesthesia.
ASESTHisiE EXTATIQUE. The aggre-
gate of phenomena of impaired feeling prodaced
ccpeeially by the manipulations of the animal
magnetizer. — Andral.
ANESTHETIC, Anesthetic.
ANESTh£sIQUE, AnwstheUc.
ANESTHETIZATION, Anassthetixatioii.
ANESON, Anethum.
ANESUM, Pimpinella anisnm.
ANET. Anetham.
AyETff, Anetham graveolens.
ANETHUM, i4iie'*ott, Ane'tem, Ane'thum Fn-
nWmlum sea Sefi^tnm sea Piperi'tum, Fatnic'ulumf
F. OJieinaU, F. vulga'rf, F. DuleSf Liatu'h'cum
/aenitfulumf Fomfeulum, Fennel or Finekle, Mar*-
atkrnm, Anet, Sweet Fennel, (F.) Fenouil oa
Ani* donx, Nat, Ord, UmbelllfersB. Sex. Syst.
Pentandria Digynia. The seeds Fctnie'ulum,
(Ph. U. S.) have an uromatic odonr, and warm,
swet^tish taste. They are carminative. The oil
— Ohnm FctwVuU—ia officinal in the Ph.U. S.
The root is said to be pectoral and diuretic
AxBTHTTM FoENicuLUK, Ancthum.
Axe'thitm Gravtolexs, Anethum, Pattina'ea
Anethum sen Graveolenn, Fer'ula Graveolen§, A,
h*vrten*9f, DiU, (F.) Aneth, Fenouil puant, A na-
tive of the south of Europe. The seeds are sti-
mulant and carminative. Dose, gr. xv to 7).
(Heum Ane'thi, Oil of Dill, (F.) l/utfe d* Aneth,
possesses the carminative properties of the plant.
AifisTHtTir PaStinaca, Pastinaca Satfva — a.
Piperitum. Anethum — a. Segetom, Anethum.
AKETICCS, Anodyne.
AliETON, Anetham.
ANETUS, Intermittent fever — a. Quartanus,
Quartan — a. Quotidiauus, Quotidian — a. Tertia-
nus, Tertian fever.
ANEURAL'GICON, from a, privatire, vnp^,
* nerve ;' and aXyoi, * pain.' A name given by Dr.
C. T. Downing to an instrument used by him to
allay pain in nerves. It is a kind of fumigating
apparatus, in which dried narcotic and other
herbs are burnt, the heated vapour being directed
to any part of the body.
AN'EURISM, Aneurye'ma, Aneuryf'mnt, Anen*
rU'ma^ Cedma, from avev^vuv, * to dilate or dis-
tend.' Dilata'tio Arteria'rum, Eeta'eiay Embo-
rjf^ma, ExangVa aneurU'ma, Arterieury»'ma, Ar-
tereuryt^ma, Jlttmatoce'U arterio'ta, Ab$ce^§uM
Mpirituo'sue, Arteriee'tcuie, (F.) AnSvry»me^ Aneu*
ri»me. Properly, Aneurism signiiics a tumour,
produced by the dilatation of an artery ; but it has
been extended to various Ictiions of arteries, as
well as to dilatations of the heart
There are various kinds of aneurism. The fol-
lowing are the chief.
I. When the blood, which forms the tumour, is
enclosed within the dilated coats of the artery.
This is the true Aneurism, Aneury^'ma verum,
Hernia Arteria'rum, (F.) Anivryame vrai.
II. When the blood has escnped from the
opened artery, it is called sPURiors or falsi
Aneurisk, Aneurit'ma tpu'rium, Ruptu'ra Arte*"
rial, Arteriorrhex'ie, Arteriodial'yeig, Ecchvmo*'
ma arterio'eum, (F.) AuSvrygme faux. The latter
is divided into three varieties.
1. Diffused Falie Aneuriem, (F.) Anfrryemt
faux, primitif, diffue, noncirconscrit ou par infiU
tration, which occurs immediately after the divi-
sion or rupture of an artery, and consists of an
extravasation of blood into the areolar texture
of the part.
2. drcumaerihed False Aneuriem, (F.) Aniv»
ry erne, faux comictttif, circonserit ou par fpanehe^
ment, enhyeti ou eaeeiforme, tumeur hSmorrhagiaU
circonecrite, in which the blood issues from the
vessel some time after the receipt of the wound,
and forms itself a sac in the neighbouring areolar
membrane.
3. An'euriem by Anaetomo'nt, or Var'icoee An'
euritm, Phlebarteriodial'yaie, Aneurys'ma veno*'
»o~arterio'§um. A, varico'eum, (F.) AnSvryeme par
anaftomoee ou variqueux, A. par Sroeion, A. ds
PoTT, A. de9 pluepetitee artfree, which arises from
the simultaneous wounding of an artery and
vein; — the arterial blood passing into the vein,
and producing a varicose state of it.
III. Mixed AmsuRisv, (F.) Anfvrytme mixte,
is that which arises from the dilatation of one or
two of the coats, with division or rupture of the
other. Some authors have made two varieties
of this.
1. Mixed external Aneurism, where the internal
and middle coats are ruptured, and the areolar
is dilated.
2. Mixed internal Aneurism, in which the in-
ternal coat is dilated, and protrudes, like a hernial
sac, through the ruptured middle and outer coat*.
This variety has been called Aneury^ma Her'-
fit am Arte'ritB sistens.
Aneurisms have been likewise termed frcru.
mat'ic and sponta'neous, according as tlicy may
have been caused by a wound, or have originated
spontaneously. They have also been divided
into internal and external.
The internal aneurisms are situate in the great
splanchnic cavities, and occur in the heart and
great vessels of the chest, abdomen, Ac. Tlicir
diagnosis is difficult, and they are often inacces-
sible to surgical treatment.
The external aneurism* are sltaate at the tXJiA*
of [be bud, pack, ud limbi, aai *n du-
lly pulsttlory.
neuriMui, oapeFially th> iotertikl, mij b«
ibaieiL liv s dubiliunt IrefttmcDt, on Ui« plui
B in reputed blood-
nitb foot
tbcH
mndU
.EOUgb
ism, Ib> uter; enn b« oblils-
aMy dona by applying ■ lig(^
lecTixa, b one in wbleh, owing
id middle coala of m>
ohkiinal betoeeu
.(I miikei itielf
. ftppain to ooDsiat in
ft leiiaraliuD of the lamias of the middle eoM,
betireeD nbich tbe blood (brmi Itielf ■ cbuiDaL
AnEUitiaxs or TBI HtmT, Dardwn-clli, Car~
ditu/st-mn, (F.) AifrrytHd du ctrur, hare been
divirled ialo aciivt and jKutice. Tbe former con
■carFely be eBtecmad ODBUriims, sa they moet
OomiDDDly coniiit of iocreaaed thickneEa of the
Cielcs of the beurt, wbicii diminialiea ila earity
lead of increaaiDg It. Tbe tenn Hyptrirophy
"leir chatacler.
II (ba cODtrary,
ondod iritfa eil«nmilioD of the parietea of
ANflnORBHdU
•M Aneorten— o. DIffia, mtt Ansnriam —
iytl, eee ADeorism^o. Faux, aee ADen'
I. Faux romlcaiif, Bee ADeariim— a. J/ir'a, at*
laetjriein — a, par Aikottomvac, aee AneurieTQ — a*
Ktr Epfinc\tntnt, Bee Anenriam — a. ftar EratioHf
u pTimicIf, see Anenriam — n. Sateifumt, bm
tnearijm — a. Vongiuu, eee Aneuriam^a. TToi,
lee Aneuriam.
ANFION, Hulach.
AKFRACTVOSITiS C^REItRALES, An-
fractnoaitiea, cecebral — a. EtkmiMaln, b«o A>-
ANFRACTUOS'ITT, Am/rae'tn, ffy™., from
a, 'around,' and /raiij«re,/ro«ni«i, 'to break.'
grooTB or farrow. Uatd in anatomy to eipiify
DnouB dtpreBBiona or tvlci, of greater or lesa
!Dlh. like tboee wbicb Brparate the coaTolalloDi
boa each other. Tbeas
Aa/roc'dw Per'.
ling It. Tbe tc
of tkt htarl, better indica
j'aoirc uacHn'tfl, Oardite'la
U Bllond,
Bhyiital Bigna oi an
imd no impulse is c
bopby. On auacultt
U only Bligbtl; felt,
Ue improBBion of it
impulse is feebler Ibi
widely tram
. Tho
aal, but tbs dulnoaa ia mach
wbieb accompaaies byper-
imiuisbed power. '
iiuaL Botb aounda
tbe thonut, and are
fainter at a dialaoea fiom Iheii point of
I* antaritm (ff At kearl^-Cardi
itf Afltfurjit'faa etmtteuti' vum cor
a. Braadur'
k. False, ci
Spontaneous, see Anauiism — a. Spurioaa
lee Ancoriem— a. ValsalTa's method oftrei
ANEfRISMA, Aneurism.
ANEURIH'MAIi, Ainirgt'mal, Anturitm
AtturyimaCiau, AnearitsM'tu. That which be^
AMEURiBHii. 8io or CrsT, (F.) Sat OQ ITfHi
atttcriftntat, ii a sort of pouch, formed by tbi
dilatation of the ooati of an ailery, in which thi
blood, forming the aoanrismal tumour, is con
talncd.
AN'EURISMATIC, ADenriamaL
ANKUKYSM, Auaurlsm.
ANKOIIYSMA, Aneurism— a. Cordis actJTnm
Heart, hypertrophy of tbe— a. Bemiam artcriii
iistenf, see Aneurism-a. Spurium, see AnBurisn
—a. VariroBum, see AneuriBm— a. VeuosD-arKi
A.Vi'f.'R rSMB. Anenriam.
ANEURY8MU8, AnourlBm, DUatallon.
AsivRYSME. Aneuriam — o. rfe rAsrtt
Aoruuryama — a. CiTmnmrli, ase Aneurism — a
rfsPiMI, lee Aneuriam — a. da Fi»t pttita artira
if the
.-n'oJs (
■, (F.)
loid Cella are, aometi
ANFRACrUS, AnfrMtooaitj-
liuod by a prolongalion of tbe
s, called Aa.
CartbiifAu-
fractuoaities (cerebraL)
AKGECTASIA, Angiestaais.
ANOEIAL, Vaseolar.
AKGEIECTASIA, Anj^edaaiL
AK0EIECTASI8, Angiectasis.
AKQEIECTOMA, Angiectasis.
ANGKIOG'RAPHY, Aajtog'ropJy, Angtt^
jropA'io, from •yj-nar, 'a Tessel,' and w^, '•
deacription.' The anatomy of tbe TeBsels.
ANflEIOHYDROG'RAPHY, Angiol,j,dn^.
Tmhl), AltgttBndrog'rapki), Angtiohi/dragra'piui,
Il^drangiograpk'iaflrtijaayyitoi/, *ftTeeBel,'*tJn^
tbe lymphatics.
ANGEIOHYDROT'OMT, Anglohydrafomji,
AngeioTidrot'omgj Anffeiohydrotom'ia, Hjfdra%'
gitttom'ta, from ayYtio¥t 'a Tesael,' 'vjh^, 'water,'
and nfiir, 'to cut.' Diaiectionoflhelympbatioa.
ANGEIOLEUCI'TIS, Aajioimei'it., Ijw.
phangei'lii, Lgmphangi'ltt, Lgmpimifioi'lu, Uy-
drani/ei'lit, Lympki'tiM, Lymphati'lU, Injfammv^
Teasel,' Xieiik, 'while,' and tlii, inflammation.
(F.) Inflammatfon dri vaii^aia ^npitalVjae* on
4^ li'nu* tlamei. Inflammation of tbe lymphs
tics : lympbatic or scrofuloua inSammalion.
ANOEIOL'OGY, Ah^'uI'o^, Angt<olog"ia,
tnna ayYim, 'a Toiial,' and Isysc, 'a disoourae.'
A discourse on the nsaela. Tbe anatomy of tha
Taaaels. It includes Atttriot'ogg, Pkltbofogg,
and Angeiohydrot'ogm,
ANGEIOMALA'CIA, Angi<ma!a'tia ; fhim
*yyun, 'aressel,' and fuiXeiia, 'softening.' Hoi*
leacence or soUening of yestelt.
ANQBIOMYCES, Uiematodea Amgoa.
ANQEION, Vessel.
ANGEIONDROGRAPinr, Angeiohydrogi*-
pby.
AXGETONDROTOMY, AngaiohydnilomT.
ANGEIOKOSUS, Angelopathia.
ANGEIONUSt'S, Angaiopatbia.
AN GE 10 PA THI' A, Angiopalki'a, Angrieu'.
AKI^EIOPLEROFITS, Plethora.
ANOEIOPYRA. FTnocha.
ANOEIORRHAGIA. Hirmorrhagia aetira.
ANQEIOSBIKE'A, (F.J Apgtiorrite ,■ frOBt
lry i —». '■ tikhI,' ud fiK, 'I iov.' Pnui
haHMirtug*.
ANOE10^TEli.VU5l[>, AngfnnphruU.
ANaeiUSTBKOSIS, Anginnubriiiii.
ANGBIOSTEO'StS, AiyioMa'tU, Itam lyyii
liaa of ihhU.
AVfleiOSTROPBE, an Tsnioa.
ANOEIOTBLGCTASIA, TBlMg»<>lMli.
ASSBIorOMY, Anqivi-umf, Asunuhnn'
*"^ •p™^!', 'm TBHol, uid rifiriir, 'to 01
t, A-fM'tl; Tnjtam
Lig(\
ASOKlTIS. A<
•fa ««•«-. *F.)
*ett la gvuTnL
AKOKLIC ROOT. Atijallea lucjda.
AHOSL'ICA, An^rtco Ankinjf.I'tn lei
JViipa'H MQ SateM. ArtlHngttiea aficitm'lU
Oard^Ai^ita, {t.) Atufliqat, Raeint dt Sain
MfriL, g« oklted from iu anptwiad kBgalle vlr
tMiL JTal. Or.1. CmtwUircrv. ^sr. 8jH. Tea
iMdrUIHETsiL HktiTaarL*pliuid. Tb« roots
■talk. leam, ud >w<l, ire ■rotDillo and wmi
nuiTo. A ■■Htiniftl ii mads of lli« riwl, wbid
AxisKMoi Aiicnts<»Lie&, Aogelio.
(Ph.
CS.) JfnMfrmrt. An iodi^T
ing aiBi the whule Uoitad gtatm, uiil ulrniLUiil
Into tbr SKODdsrj li>e of thg Fh>^u|l^o1la!l■ 0!
Of Cnitcd SUU>. Virtual, auno aa thoia of
Iha Ani^lia of Buropa.
Axiatlci LSTiincinl, IlBiuUcBm lolitlmiia.
Aksiuca Ln-uiua, Jiyi^Kr fwc, Bttlgmkt
MM, JTmb, ITitiu roof, as iadigEDOiu plant, tbc
(ool bT slkich la blllarlih, eubaorid, tragruil,
•KmaUe, •tonaahic, and toBle.
AaaHJci Omnii&LM, Imperatoria— a. Pi
^talfolia, IdnaticUD loiUlieaiu — a. Salira, .
B^fiaa, A. ajTraUia.
AxeU.'(OA ETt-TXa'tlUI, J. •alt'va. Srit'l
^m^lri KB AngetUt am /'nftu'cmf, /■.;>.
lo'rio .^Itw'IrM «™ Angtllra, Wild AagtV
(P.) Aajif/.'f*( HHM^c. Pni->C»«BS alioiliu pro-
pettiraw Uielaat,bDtlaanlDf'iriardiigri>e. Tha
I ksada, pondered aud pot Into lbs buii, ua cacd
to daitrDjr liaa.
AHQKUca 8T1.rR«ntn, LlgaatiDDm podagraria
— a. Tr*«, AraKa rpiDow.
ASQSLrXjB COUTEX. Tha buh of a
Onoaila Ith. whUb baa bc«Q noomiDeDdad an
MUhelmiDIie and Mtbartic
AXOiUQVE, Ajig«liE»-a. 3.,M<:ag<. Angel-
A^OBI
_SOEL0CAC0S, MyrobalauUB,
ASUKMPURAXIS, AnBWDii.hiaiii.
ANOIDtECTASIA, Trichui^iiclaiia.
ATttilDIOSPONOUS, Hematudea funpit.
AXOIECTASIA VEKOSA, V»rlx
ANOIEC'TASIS, Aa9<i<Kra'*i'a, At.gnla:ia,
Amffi^nrj^nvtt An^'ratv'iu, trom ayyua^i 'a
T<w*),' and utaiit, ' dUataUoi].' An; ailaUtiian
»t i*ur!>^OiiU'e and AlibarL Ttln-gUcia-iia.
AXOtBHPERAX'IS, Ansempinu't; Angri-
itV *Bi (jif^ii, ' obatraotlon.' ObiUuitign of
AXniEURTSMA, Ansiectaali.
AXOIITE. iDflamnialiuD, Auiieitii.
AKtl/rrrS, Angeitia.
AICarXA. F'trlM Amgiiu'Ma, hlkmi'lU, Qu.'n-
!t or ."Cm rtrost ; fruB) dnjrrt, ■ lo luSboate.'
nBammatlnn af tba anprft-difipbrBgaialic porUoo
of llw alimanlaij unal, and of tba air paHaogu.
Tha lAtln mllara applied tha larm to cvorj di>-
HM in vbiob doglulitiuD or raapiration, aapa-
)j et oniM^ «M aSeete^ jmrldetl that aaah
.flsriiaD irna abore tfaa v
BcDlt d
Aicoim AfbtBOsa, Apfalbn — a. Aqanea, fFAt~
D>a of Uiu glDtUs — IU Oroncbialti, Bionahillii — a.
CaDina. Cyiiancbo travbcatla — a. Cordi*. Angina
paoloria — a. onm Tunmro, Cjusnobe toniiillarli —
Kpldemlaa, Cjniuii^be malign* — a. Kplgliit-
aa, Epiaiutiitu— a ErjaipBUIoan, Erjihmiicha
Eindatoria, Cynanche tnMihenlif — a. Gxiama.
Cjnantba iHirotidiea— a. Paudun., lathmitl.— a.
Faadum Maligna, Cfnancha mallgna~iu FolU-
satoaa af Ibe pliarjal, PbaryDgida, rulllnilar
Oaograiiiosa, Cynanibs maligna — a. nnmida,
CynBDCbe tracbealie — a. Inflammaliirla, CTnan-
ebo, Cjnaoehe tnubBslls — a. Laringaa, urj^-
gitia — a. Lurngca (Edemataia, (Edonia of tba
glottii — a. Ungnarii, Oloaaitia — a. Maligna, An-
gina pallicDiaria, Cjrnancho maligna. PharrnrSUa,
diphtbaritie— a. HuUlarla, Cynancba panitidM
— a. MembranaccB, CfDanaba tracbealla — a,
Ultii, Igthmitl^
Ansi'hI KiSi'LiR, Kati'tit fotil'ea. All tn-
SBOmatioD of Urn poMortDr portion uftbe Schuai-
dvrian mepibmue linlDg (b« noae, Alao, Coryu.
irmK, (Edtttit (fc ia Ohlit. Aa »d«naloU> •Mail-
ing of tba gluttia; the aBeot of ubronlo eynauoba
lanngca. 8ae (Edema of tba QlotcU.
Aattinji PiLiTTNi, Hjperultla — a. ParaHjrlioa,
Pbar]'ngoplBg1a-~a. Farolldna EsUirD*, Cjnaa-
cba parotidBl.
ANai'iia Peo'torts, A. eonlii, 9trnitfg!a,
A-llima •jMu'liBo-arlhHl'ieiim lacan'ataM, Aaliaia
diophrvffmat'ienm, ArlXri*ti9 lUinpkraffimotiM,
Orlkmna'a eardfoce, Sltnutdi/ii'ia •gncnp'liea
el pacpiiaoi, S. >3l««pa'lf^ Cardinji'mtif eoniti
ninWtfl, Atthani'a mttiont*lisi Auj/nr pei^torim,
Sinafar'dla, DiapKnigmotUe gout. AnhKa ren-
tuUi'mim, Ailkma nrlArtr'veinn, Otrtfl-mmraPgia,
Ntand'tia bracklBlioree"i€n, HuptrmtSf'ia
plixiu tardPaci, A. dolarifietim, Jinn'iiopi aagi-
nn'in asa angmi, Otrdindnl •parmod'ini tHrar-
, Piigaplo'iia^ Pni\
a, tha praHaa palbology of
Tho prlnoipal aymptoma
irbioh if not
ara, vlolaui
toirnrdi tha
often conacotad nltb oHiBaation, or other morbid
condition of the bcart. It ajipaari to ba nauMpa-
tbic.and baa beSDteraad^niraljriaa/lAt iTean,
Soma, bowevcr, emplo; thii laat tarn for an
am lel; painful intanoHtatitaffaaUon ofihahcart,
nbiob Mama to dilTar IVom ac^na pacloria mnra
in rogard W tba amall number ofparla which are
dfowa into morbid aonaoni itltb the affpola.l ear-
diao nariaa, than in regard eltbor lo Iti natura
or apprapriata tnatment. Tha mott powerful
atiinulating and narcotio antiipaamudlet aro la-
qoired daring tba paroiysm.
AsBt'Ni PaLi.iCDi.A'Bis. A. mfilig'oa. Ihptht.
ri-lit 0/ <fc« (irMil. A name gl.cn lu Ihoro !n-
dnrnmBtioDi about tha throat, in which aiudo-
doDi or falas mambruiea ara thrown uat, during
tba pblogoala of Iba mncoaa membransa. Aykliir,
Tracluiiii,iibea acaompitnle'l with tbe mcmlira-
niform eiadallon. are, with ioma, oiampliw of
diphtharitio infiammatioo.
Asoiiii PiBi'icioali Cynanche tracbaBlia — a.
PeBlJlaBtlalij, Pboryngitia, dipblharilici— a. Poly-
Sosa, Cyaiuicha traohealii — a. Pulypoiaaouatra-
ranasOB, Cynaocba Irachettia— a. PimaD-lMm-
bruaata, Phaija^Ut, diphtbaiVtle — a. (uljutk
ANOINS GUTTURALS
76
AKGULAB
OTnanche trachealis — a. Sangulneay Cynaxiche
tonsillaris.
Angina Sicca, (F.) Angint iichCf is a chronic
inflammation of tlio pharynXi with a distressing
tense of dryness and heat, in chronic diseases of
tho stomach and lungs. See Pedanchone.
Angina Simtlrx, Isthmitis.
Angina Squirro'sa, (F.) Angine §quirreu*e,
eonsistfi in difficulty of deglutition, caused hy
scirrhous disorganization of the pharynx or oeso-
phagus, or by enlarged tonsils.
Angina Stranoulatoria, Cynancho trache-
alis — a. StrepitoRa^ Cynanche trachealis — a. Suf-
focatoria, Cynanche trachealis — a. Synochalis,
Cynancbe tonsillaris — a. Thyreoidea, Thyreoids
•—a. Tonsillaris, Cynanche tonsillaris — a. Tra-
chealis, Cynanche trachealis — a. Ulcerosa, Cy-
nanche maligna — a. Uvularis, Staphyloedema,
Uvulitis — a. Vera et Legitima, Cynanche ton-
sillaris
ANGINE OUTTURALE, Cynanche tonsil-
laris — a. Laryngiey Laryngitis — a. LaryngSe^et
traehfaUy Cynanche trachealis — a. Laryngie cedS-
mateiuej (Edema of the glottis — a. (EBophagienne,
(Esophagitis — a. PhargngiCf Cynanche parotidsda
—a. de PoitrinCy Angina pectoris— a. Skche, An-
gina sicca— a. Simple, Isthmitis — a. Squxrre^ue,
Angina Squirrosa — a. TonHUairef Cynanche ton-
aillaris.
ANGTNEUX, Anginosa.
ANGINO'SA, (F.) AngincMX, That which is
accompanied with angina; as Scarlati'na angi-
no'ta,
ANGIOCARDI'TIS, from ayyetovf 'a ressel,'
and cnrditisy * inflammation of the heart.' In-
flammation of the heart and great vessels.
ANGIOGRAPHY, Angeiography.
ANOIOHEMIE, Hyper»mia.
ANGIOHYDROGRAPUY, Angeiohydrogra-
phy.
ANGIOHYDROTO^rr, Angeiohydrotomy.
ANGIOITIS, Angeitis.
ANGIOLEUCITIS, Angeloleucitis.
ANGIOLOGY, Angeiology.
ANGIOMALACIA, Angciomalacia.
ANGIOMYCES, HsBmatodcs fungiu.
ANGIONOSUS, Angeiopathia.
ANGI0NU8US, Angeiopathia. %
ANGIOPATIIIA, Angeiopathia.
ANQIOPLKROSIS, Plethora.
ANGIOPYRA, Synocha.
ANGIO'SIS, from ayyuov, *a vessel.' Angeio*-
tf«, Angeiopathi'a, Under this term Alibert in-
cludes every disease of the blood vessels.
ANGIOSTEGNOSIS, AngiemphraxU.
ANGIOSTENOSIS, Angiemphraxis.
ANGIOSTOSIS, Angeiostosis.
ANGIOSTROPHE, See Torsion.
ANGIOTELECTASIA, Telangiectasia.
ANGIOTEN'IC, Angeioten^ic, Angioien'icut
sen Angeiotcn'tcuMf from ayyeioVf ' a vessel,' and
ruvuv, * to extend.' An epithet given to inflam-
matory fever, owing to its action seeming to be
chiefly exerted on the vascular system.
ANOrOTOMY, Angeiotomy.
ANGLE, An'gidutf from ayKv^of, 'a hook.'
The space between two lines which meet in a
point
Angle, Fa'cial, pointed out by Camper, is
formed by the union of two lines, one of which
Ss drawn from the most prominent part of the
foreb-ad to the alveolar edge of the upper jaw,
opposite the incisor teeth — the facial line — and
the other &rum the meatus auditorius externus to
the same point of the jaw. According to the
size of the angle it has been attempted to appre-
ciate the respective proportions of the cranium
and face, and, to a certain extent^ the degree of
intelligence of individuals and of animals. la
the white varieties of the species, this angle ia
generally 80° ; in the negro not more than 70%
and sometimes only 65°. As we descend the
scale of animals, the angle becomes less and less;
until, in fishes, it nearly or entirely disappears.
Animals which have the snout long, and facial
angle small, such as the snipe, crane, stork, Ae^_
are proverbially foolish, at least they are so
esteemed; whilst intelligence is ascribed to those
in which the angle is more largely developed, as
the elephant and the owl. In these last animals,
however, the large facial angle is caused by tiia
size of the frontal sinuses : — so that this mode of
appreciating the size of the brain is very inexaety
and cannot be depended upon.
The following is a table of the angle in man
and certain animals :
FACIAL ANGLES.
Man fk-om 68o to 88o and more.
Bapajou 65
Orang-Utang 56 to SB
Guenon 57
Mandrill 30 to 4ft
Cnati 88
Pole-cat ai
Pug-dnff 35
Manliflr 41
Hare ..« 30
Ram 30
Horse 83
Angle, Occipital, of Daubbntov, is formed
by a line drawn from the posterior margin of the
foramen magnum to the inferior margin of the
orbit, and another drawn from the top of the
head to the space between the occipital condyles.
In man, these condyles, as well as the foramen
magnum, are so situate, that a line drawn per-
pendicular to them would be a continuation of
the spine ; but in animals they are placed more
or less obliquely; and the perpendicular is neces-
sarily thrown farther forward, and the angle ren-
dered more acute.
Angle, Optic, (F.) Angle opttqite, is the anffle
formed by two lines, which shave the extremiUes
of an object, and meet at the centre of the pupil.
ANGOISSE, Angor.
ANGOLAM. A very tall Molabar tree, which
possesses vermiflige properties.
AN'GONE, Pra/oca'tio Fau'eium sen Uteri'nm
sen ifatr^ci; Strangula'tio uteri'na, Suffoea'tin
uteri'na sen kgater'icaf Ohhtu hy9ter*xeu$, Or»
thopnoi'a hyiter'ica, Dytpha'gia globo'Hi, />. Ay«-
ter'ieaf Nervtnu Quintg. A feeling of strangu-
lation, with dread of sufi'ocation. It is common
in hysterical females, and is accompanied with a
sensation as if a ball arose from the abdomen to
the throat.
ANGOR, Angu\»h, (F.) Angoxne, Extreme
anxiety, accompanied with painful constriction
at the epigastrium, and often with palpitation
and oppression. It is frequently an unfavour-
able symptom.
Angor, Agony, Orthopnoea — a, Faucium, IsHi-
mitis — ^a. Pectoris, Angina pectoris.
ANG08, Bubo, Uterus, Vessel.
ANGOURION, Cncumis sativus.
ANGUIS, Serpent.
ANGUISH, Angor.
Anguish, Febrile, Angor Febri'li9. The com*
bination of weariness, pain, anxiety, and weak-
ness afiecting the head and neck, which is so ge-
nerally observed at the commencement of fever.
AN6ULAIRE DE UOMOPLATE, Levator
scapulas.
AN'GULAR, Angnla'riff fVom angt/diu, 'mi
angle,' (F.) Angulaire, That which relates to
an angle.
Angular Abtebt axs Yedt. A name girei^
AKaULARIS
rr
AKIMAL
1. to the terminatioii of the facial arterj and
Tein, because they pass by the greater angle of
the eye; and, 2. to the facial artery and rein
themaelves, becaase they pass under the angle
of the jaw. See FaeiaL
A50VLAR Nertb IS a filament famished by
the inferior maxillary, which passes near the
greater angle of the eye.
AirouLAB Procesbes of the frontal bone are
seated near the angles of the eyes. See Orbitar.
ANGULARIS, Levator soapalie.
ANOULI-SCAPULO-HUM£rAL, Teres
nu^or.
ANaULUS OCULARIS, Canthus.
ANGURIA, GnonrbiU citrullns.
ANOUSTATIO, ArctaUo— a. Cordis, Systole—
^ Intestini recti vel ani, Strlctore of the rectom.
ANQUS'TIA, Angiuta'iiOf Stenoeko'ria. Anx-
lety, narrowness, strait, constriction.
AirouBTiA Abdovinalib, Pelris, (Brim) — a.
Perinssalis. Pelyis, (Outlet)
ANGUSTURA, Casparia febrifhga— a. False,
Bmcea antidysenterici^ and Strychnos nux to-
mica — a. Spuria, Bruoea antidysentericay and
Strychnos.
ANOUSTURE, FAUSSE, Bruoea antidysen-
terica — a. Ferrugineuttf Bmcea antidysenterica
•— «. VratV, Cusparia febrifuga.
ANHiBMATOSIA, Asphyxia, Ansamia.
ANHAMIA, AnaomisL
ANHAPHIA, AnaphisL
ANUELA'TIO, from ankelo, 'I pant' An-
kel'itu$, Aa^mua, Panting, Anhelation, (F.) Et-
mm/ffiewunt. Short and rapid breathing. See
Dyspnoea.
Anktiatio U sometimes employed synony-
Boasly with asthma.
AKHELITUS, Breath.
AKHIS'TOnS, from a, av, priratiTe, and 'irros,
'organic texture,' 'Anorganic/ Amor'phtu, The
tunica decidaa uteri is termed by Yelpeau the
ankiHoms mem^ane.
ANHUIBA, Lauras sassafras.
AKHTDR^'MIA, Anamgd'na, from ov, pri-
ratiTe, vSmp, * water,' and '«u/ui, ' blood.' A con-
dition of the blood in which there is a diminution
In the quantity of the seram.
ANICE'TON, Aniee'tun, MeHa'mum, from a,
prirative, and vimi, 'rictory,' 'invincible.' A
plaster much extolled by the ancients in cases
of achores. It was formed of litharge, cerasse,
thus, alum, turpentine, white pepper, and oil.
AN I'D E US, from av, privative, and tiioi,
'shape.' AmorpkuB, A monster devoid of shape.
-^. G. St Uilaire.
' ANIDRO'SIS, from «, privative, and 'iSpvs,
'sweat' Sudo'rtM nul'liUu vel priva'tio, Ab-
sence of sweat Deficiency of perspiration. —
Hippocrates.
ANILE MA, Borborygmus, Tormina.
ANILESIS, Borborygmus, Tormina.
ANILITAS, see Dementia.
AN'IMA, An'tmtM, Mens, PtycJa, The mind,
breath, Ac, from avtpou 'wind or breath.' (F.)
AtM, The principle of the intellectual and moral
manifestations. Also, the principle of life : — the
life of plants being termed Aa'tma vtgetati*va,
(F.) AtM v4g(taiive; that of man, An'ima tenn-
t^va, (F.) Ame wenntive.
The Antma of Stahl, Aa'tma SUMia'na, was a
fancied intelligent principle, which he supposed
to preside over the phenomena of life, — like the
ArdidtuM of Van Heimont
Under the term Anima wmsndi, the aaoient phU
lofophers meant a universal Spirit, which they
supposed spread over every part of the uni-
The precise seat of the mind in the br^n has
given rise to many specolations. The point is
unsettled.
With the ancient ehemists, Anima meant the
active principle of a dmg separated by some
chemical management
Anima Aloes : see Aloes, Saceotorina — a. Ar-
ticulorum, Hermodactylus — a. Hepatis, Ferri sul-
phas— a. Pulmonum, Orocns — a. Rhei, Infasum
rhei — a. Stahliana, see Anima — a. Vegotativai
Plastic force.
AN'IMAL, ZoSn, A name given to every ani-
mated being. The greater part of animals have
the power of locomotion ; some can merely exe-
cute partial movements, such as contraction and
dilatation. In other respects it is often a matter
of difficulty to determine what is an animal
characterisUc The study of animals is called
ZoUVogy.
Ar'iical, fa^ective,) Anima'lit. That which
concerns, or belongs io, an animal.
AifiRAL Heat, Calor anima'lit, G. nnlt'viM,
CaVidutn anima'li, 0, inna'ium, Biohch'nion,
Flam'mula vita'li*, Therma em'phytum, Thermum
tm'pKytum, lanit anima'lit sea natura'lit sea
vita'litf (F.) Chaleur animalt, is the caloric con-
stantly formed by the body of a living animal,
by virtue of which it preserves nearly the sams
temperature, whatever may be that of the me-
dium in which it is placed. This formation
seems to take place over the whole of the body,
and to be connected with the action of nutrition.
The following are the natural temperatures of
eertain animals; that of man being 98^' or 100^
Amimals.
Arctic Fox
AreticWoIf
Squirrel •
Hare
Whale
Arclomya citillus, zixti — in saminer.
Do. when torpid...
Goat,
Bat. in summer i
Mu»k !
Marmots bobac— AtteCn
House mouse,
Arctomyi marmoia, wtarmot^—in summer,.
Do. when torpid.
Rabbit
Polar Bear,
Dog
T\mp9ratnm,
.... 107
lOS
104
103
80 to 84
103
lOS
101 or 108
101
101 or 109
43
100 to 104
100
Cat.
Bwina,
Sheep,
Oi,...
100 to loa
Ouinea-pif
Arctomys i^is,
Shrew,
You as wolf,
Frinsilla arctica, jSretie finch
Rttbecola, redkr^mti^
Fringilla linaria, Uager rtd poU^
Faico palumboriuf, f^oskawk, .-.
Capri mulgus Europeus, Euraptan goat-
aMckBr^
Emberiza nivalis, «ii«w>fr«alis^
FaIco Ian ari U9, laun§r,
Fringilla cardueli*. gol4fLncK,
Corviis corax, ravn^
Turdus, lAnuA, (of Ceylon,)
Tetrao pmdiz, partridg§,
Anas clypeai a, thtmeUr^
Trtng a pu^nax, ri^«,
Bcolopax. limosa. Untr goiwit,
Tetrao tetrix, gmuttr
Frinffilla bnimali% mnUrJintK-
Loxia pyrrhula,
Fako ni'suii, wp^rrvwkmwkf.
Vultur barbatus
Aaser pulelurieollls,
Colyrobus auritus, rfasAf gr4b4^
Trinf a vanellus, lapwing, wounded
Tetrao lag opus, ptarmigan,
Fringilla donestica, Asass ijNirrsw,. . ....
108
loy
107 to 111
ANIMALCULA EEKIKALIA
ll{BiiiiitDp[ifl(i*Erklvfi(H»fljq-jBfi.- ■■-■--,'- I
All** (KIwllVi ■d'ir'O i IDS
Jluu ■mperi, r*w*'<^ {
PtManwarM. J
T*l«« DMiftlfUt. IH-IUllI, 1
FuH«ilr*.ml 'f 105
Ktrop* apiuur. »«-Hi>r. ( "^
J^^' tioaioioj
Anl«i nfllarlf, i
FtluoalMoimi, .-.....> 103
Phw Major, t
Oiwin Uinipml*. Mioai
Bhirlt. 63
A^iuitL ErsoDOH, [F.) JEJjm jFii'mo^ oom-
prisBB nil uiimsted bBinga.
Animal Latxr. aoa 7Wi« nn&ry>iiiiaCrf.
Aeiihai. MAaxiTiBH, tee Mn^Dtiim, utirDol.
ANIHALCULA SEMINALIA, BpcrquUoios
— a. Spsnnatlea, Bpermataiaa.
ANIMAL'CULE, AnlMaPoulHm ,■ dimlnntlTO
of amKBl. A tmid] anipul. An animal VeU
•mn ooIt br mciiin of Ih« microsoope.
AHIHALCULES, eeMINAL, Sponnabuaa—
1. Bperraatio, Spennatoioa.
AHIMAL'OnLIST. An'imalM. One who «t-
taapM to aipliin dllTerBBt jihjtioldglml or pk-
Ibologinl phtnodifna by moani or uiimalcDln.
AlfntALCULUM. ADimaloulo.
ANIHALI8T, AnimalcDliit.
ASIHAL'rrr, Aninnl-Uat. Qnslitiea wbloh
dUUnguIib thM Hbicb i> animated. IIiu wbicl
oonititntea the aaimnl.
ANIMALIZA'TIOir, Aa.-natifa'rfa. Tbi
tnn^DrmitiDn of the DnUitive puU of food into
tiu liTina tabalnnoc of the bodv U> b« nooriibed.
To ANIMATE, l«™.'rs. To no iW Uio living
prlneipla with an organiied body. Tbs Tnocb
u, auimtr tm vitiaUoirt .- W gioite a bUtlet to
AMUATIO F(ETC8, im Qnickening.
AlflMA'TION, ZnB-Mu,At>ima-tiB, horn anfmd,
'tb« aonl or mind.' Tbo Mt of auiMoUag. Iba
tlMB of being enlivened.
A-oncATioii, ScsPBiDsn, AipbriU.
AN'IME, Oum an'fmf, Jmina'n,
Ohiuii an'irac, ran'coMNiB. A teiio oblninwd
from the Irnok of Bgmen'aa r.aur'hatU. It, bae
htpii given tu ■ cophalii] and nierine. It it not
«wd. Theplaot is aliio called Oo%r'barH.
ANIMB, (P.) An epithet applied to tha
counlenanco, when florid, in heoltli or dijHwae.
ANIMELL.fi, Parotid.
ANIMI CAi!OB SrOITTTS, eTneopo— a. Ds-
liqnium, Sfoeopa — &. Pathemata, Pawioni.
AN'lMIST,rram<Mi«H,-thBn)Dl.- One vhi
tnllnwing the eiainple of Stahl, refera all th
phenomeaa of Ibe utimal eeooom; to the iodL
Tho toul, atmording to Stabl. it tbo liamediat*
■nd latelUgent agent of ever; m'lVcniGat. and
errry maWrial ebange in the bndj. Btahl th<
fore eoneluded. that diiea«e U nothing m
eipel nbnteTer ma; be deranging tha habitual
order of benltb. 6ea Btahliuium.
ANIMna. Anim^ Breath.
W
AlTBTLOSia
ofmedlmted wine, formorlj' prspured nilb honey,
wine of Aacalon, and aniHwd.
ASISCALPTOR, LntiaeiraDB doni.
ASISCUURt.V, Enareris.
ANISE, Plmpioellii auiium— ». Rtnr. Illidom
lisatam, I. Floridimnm— n. Tree, Florida. Dli-
um FLoridanittn — a. Tree, jreUow-floircred, QU-
ANISEED, fee PimpioelU wliuni.
ANieil SEHINA. <H> Pimploelb nnuDln.
ANieO'DUS LU'RlDltS, Hiraii'dra m..m!~
In, Phy'mlu Mrawo'iH-nM, WliitU'ya ,lramo-<,i-
olla A plant of Nepal, po^sesmd of narootia
roperliei, and nwcmbUng belladonna and to-
aceo. It di1at« the pupil, and ie naed In ^s-
uea of the eja like belladonna. It is given In
aleohotio tincture {dried Ua<^a Jj. to n/coltaf
f 3 viij ). Dofe. SO dropa intcmsll; in the SI boar&
ANISOPUTLLUM IPBCACUANUA, Sb-
lorbia Ipceaeniuiba.
ANISOa'THENES, /uiNi'Ii rot'or* jnlUn;
That which la unequ^ in itrengtb ; (ton i, priv.,
mn, 'eqaoZ,' and tirttt, 'MteDgtb.' Aii epitbtt
api^xed partionlarlj to the nuBcuIu' eoDlnelJllly
•rbieb, in the eiok, is lometinea angnieoted is
oerlain oinaclea only, — in the flenors, fur eiampla.
ANISOT'ACHYB, from «, priv., .»(, -equal,'
nnd Ta:fi>(, 'qoiek.' An epithet fur the pals*,
when quiok and nneiliial — Ooimnk.
AKISDM, Phnpinella anisum-^ Afriesnum
iTutesceni, Bubon aalbannm— a. FrDtii>oiium gal-
hanireiam, Bubon galboDum — a. Offii-inalc, Pink-
pinsila anlram — a. Sinenae, Illidum aniuium —
B. Slellntuin, IlUolam aniiataai — a. Vulgar^
Pimpinella anteom.
ANKLE, AttragUaa, MoUeolui.
ANKl^B, Ancns.
ANKTLOBLEPH'ARON, Ani^IoiltpV
Falpfbra'rvm Toal'ilvt, from ■y«Ai), 'em
lion,' and I3),^m,, 'eyelid.' A preterm
union between tbe free edgea of the ej
Likewise called SyKbUyh'arvo, SgKtil^Aani'4
and Proi'i'S^n:
Alao, aoiun between tbe eyelida acd glob« of
the eye. — .^Stiua.
ANKYLODON'TU, from aynXw, 'crooked,'
u>d aims, 'a toalh.' An irregular positlun of th*
teeth in the Java.
ANKYLOGLOS'SIA, Anrglnglc^.ta, (knt
AXIS, P
pinellai
Cjmionm— a. dt la Ckitu, Illicion
himi, AnotbDm— a. Kuiill, UtidHm aniiatnm.
ABISA'TOM, bma ^iwo, ' Anin.' A m
«ted,' and y\a«. .
a of the tongue ii
nJ^,
lee a/adheil
qucnoo oF Uie ahortnen of the frKnum : thi
■dTcction conotituting TontjueMt, OlafSo'm
gaa/raaa'ia. Jt merely require) the fraBnomfl
bo divided with a puir of aeiefon.
ANKTLOOLOSBOr OMUM, from natj
•in, 'tnogno-tje.'and rajn, 'ineiaion.' An
ment naed in the operutian for tongne-tio,
AXKTLDME'Li:, Aneylomt-tl, from ■,
'crooked,' and iti\'i, 'a probe.' A carved pi
— Oalen.
ANKTLOUEBIS'HCS. JivyloarT^-M
tfata aymXii. ■aooDtraolioD, and ^f.(, '
Morbid adhesion between parts.
ANRTLOPS, ^gilopa.
ANKYLO'SIS, Aoryfc'H,, A<^d.gh'.>
eyit. Stiff Joint, from ayn^Pi, ■crooked.'
affection, in which there ia great difflcolty i
even lupoaaibilily of noiing a diartbrodlal aa
eulation. It la ao onjled, iiecDoao the limb e(
monl; remaloa In a eonalant alala of Bexil
Anehytoiia ia said to be oom^rti itt
there ii an lutlinal« adheiion betwee
^eaoflhebontK la Ox iiumplH, or /aUt m
dijloaii, there ia obieure motion, bu' *■"" " —
ANKLOTOUUS
tt
AVOMALU
iround the joiiit are mm or lea stiff uid
thickened. In the treatment of thu last state,
tbe Joint mast be gentlj and gradually exercised;
and oilj, relaxing applications* be assiduously em-
plojed.
Akkvlosis Sphbia, Rigiditas artioalomm.
ANKYLOT'OMUS, Aneylot'omm, from aynXos,
'crooked/ and rqtvuv, 'to cut' Any kmd of
eurved knife. — Paulos. An instrument for di-
Tiding the frsenum lingnse. — Scultetus.
AS SEA Uf Ring — o. Crural, Crural canal — a.
Viaphra^atique, Diaphragmatic ring— a. Fimo-
rolj Crural canal — a. Inguinal, Inguinal ring — a.
OmhUical, Umbilical ring.
ASNEXE^ Accessory, Appendix.
ANNI CRITICI, Climacterici (anni)— a. De-
eretorii, Climacterici (anni) — a. Fatales, Climac-
terici (anni) — a. Geneihliaci, Climacterici (anni)
a. Oruiariiy Climacterici (anni) — «. Hebdooiadici,
Climacterici (anni) — a. Heroici, Climacterici
(anni) — a. Natalitii, Climaoterici (anni) — a. 8c»-
lares, Climacterici (anni)— a. Scansiles, Climacte-
rici (anni).
ANNOTA'TIO, EpUma'na, Under this term
aome hare included the preludes to an attack of
intermittent fever — as yawning, stretchings som-
nolency, chilliness, Ao.
AKKOTTO, see Terra Orleana.
AN'NUAL DISEASES, Morhi an'nui, M, an-
tiivtrga'riif (F.) MaUuiiet annuelUt. A name
gtrent by some, to diseases which recur eTeiT*
year about the same period. FebrU annua, (F.)
Fi^vrt anntieUe^ is a term used for a fancied in-
termittent of this type.
ANNUEXS, Rectus capitis intenius minor.
ANNUIT"IO, Nodding, from ad, 'to,' and
%utu», 'a nod.' A gesture denoting assent in
most countries. Also, the state of somnolency,
when the indiyidual is in the erect or sitting
posture, with the head unsupported, in which
the power of rolition over the extensor muscles
of the head is lost, and the head drops forward.
AN'NTTLAR, AnnuWri«, 0rictn'de9, {annng,
'a circle.') Any thing relating to a ring, or
which has the shape or fulfils the functions of a
rinj; ; from annul%u, * a ring,' itselfl
A^rxuLAR FiNQEik, Ring Finger, Dig"itM an-
mula'ritf Param'eMM. The fourth finger, so called
firbm the wedding ring being worn thereon.
Air^rLAR OAiroLioy, see Ciliary ligament.
AxXTTLAR Lio'ament, Tranavtfe ligament,
Om'eial ligament, A strong ligamentous band,
which arches across the area of the ring of the
atlas, from a rough tubercle upon the inner sur-
face of one articular process, to a similar tubercle
on the other. It serves to retain the odontoid
process of the axis in connexion with the ante*
nor arch of the atlas.
Ah'kitlar Lio'anritt of tite Ra'divb, is a very
strong fibro-cartilaginous band, which forms, with
the Icitser sigmoid cavity of the cubitus, a kind
of ring, in which the head of the radius turns
with facility.
Ax'XfTLAR Llo'AinSKTfl OP THB CaRPVS, At-
miVUB manue membrano'ta, are two in number.
The one, anterior, is a broad, fibrous, quadri-
lateral band, extending transversely before the
carpus, and forming tiie gutter, made by the
wrist, into a canal. It is attached, externally,
to the trapesium and scapholdes; and internally
to the OS pisiforme and process of the nnoiforme.
It keeps the tendons of the flexor muscles, me-
dian nerve, Ac, applied against the carpus.
The poeterior ligament is situate transversely
behind the Joint of the hand, and eovers the
sheaths of the tendons, which pass to the back
)f the hand. Its fibres are white and shining,
•ad aro attached, eztemaliy, to the inferior and
outer part of the radius ; internally to the olnft
and 08 pisiforme.
An'nular Lia'AirxNTs or thb Tarsus are two
in number. The anterior is quadrilateral, and
extends transversely above the instep. It is at-
tached to the superior depression of the os calcis,
and to the malleolus intemus. It erabraces the
tendons of the extensor muscles of the toes, the
tibialis antieut, and peroneut antieue. The inter-
nal is broader than the last. It descends from
the malleolus intemus to the posterior and inner
part of the os calcis, with which it forms a kind
of canal, enclosing the sheaths of the tendons of
the tibialis pottieueo/lexor longue digitorum peditt,
and F. hngue pollieit pedis, as well as the plantar
vessels and nerves.
Arvular Vein, Vena annvJa'rit, is situate
between the annular finger and the little finger.
A<{tiu8 recommends it to be opened in diseases of
the spleen.
ANNULARIS, Cricoid: see Digitus— a. AnI,
Sphincter anL
ANNULI CARTILAGINEI, see Trachea^-a.
Cartilaginosi Trachea, see Trachea.
ANNULI. TENVINO-PHALANOIENS,
Lumbricales manus.
ANNULUS, Daotylius, Vulva— a. Abdominis,
Inguinal ring — a. Albidus, see Ciliary (body) —
a. Cellulosus, Ciliiury ligament — a. Ciliaris, Cili-
ary ligament — a. Fosses ovalis : see Oralis fossa
— ^a. Oangliformis, see Ciliary (body) — a. Repens,
Herpes circinatus — a. Umbilicalis, Umbilical ring
— a. Ventriculi, Pylorus — a. Vieussenii, see Ova-
lis fossa.
ANO, avm. A prefix denoting 'above, up.'
ANOCHI'LUS, from avw, 'above,' and x">«*>
'lip.' The upper lip. Also, one who has a largo
upper lip.
ANOC(ELIA, Stomach.
ANO'DIA, from av, priv., and v^ir, 'song.'
An unconnected or dissonant mode of speech.
ANOD'IC, Anod'ieue, from avw, 'above, up,'
and *e^i, ' a way.' Tending upwsxds. An epi-
thet applied by Dr. Marshall Hall to an ascend-
ing course of nervous action.
ANODIN, Anodyne.
ANODIN'IA, from a, aw, privative, and w^i,
' a labour pain.' Absence of labour pains.
ANODMIA, Anosmia.
ANODUS, EdentuluB.
AN'ODYNE, Anod'ynuM, Antod'vnue, Antid*^
ynoue (improperly,) Paregor'ieue, Anet'ieu*, Ant-
al'gieua, Aee»od*ifne», (F.) Anodin ou Anoc^^n,
from a, av, privative, and oiwtif ' pain.' Anodynea
are those medicines which relieve pain, or cause
it to cease; as opium, belladonna, Ao. They act
by blunting the sensibility of Uie encephalon, so
that it does not appreciate the morbid sensation.
ANODTN'IA, Indolen'Ua. Cessation or ah-
sence of pain. Yogel has given this name to a
genus of diseases, characterised by a cessation
of pain, and the exasperaUon of other symptoms;
as we see in gangrene.
ANODYNUM MINERALS, Potasse nitxns
sulphatis pauoillo mixtus.
ANCE'A, Anoia, from a, privative, and woi^
' mind.' Delirium, imbecility. Bee Demertia and
Idiotism.
ANOESIA, Dementia.
Anorsia Adstricta, Melancholy.
ANOIA, Ancea,
ANOMALy Anomalous.
ANOMALES, Anomalous.
ANOMA'LIA, from av, privative, and ofia>n€p
'regular.' Abnor'mitae, Aliena'tio, Anomaly^
abnormity, irregularity. In Pathology, saomaly
means something mmsual in the symptoms pro-
per to a disease, or in the morbid appeal aoeai
presented by it.
ANOMALOTROPHnsa
ANTEREIBIB
Akovalia Xbrvorum, Nerroiu diatheais.
ANOMALOTROPHIES, from av, privatire,
•MoXof, 'rofipilar,' and rpo^iy, 'nourishment.' A
claM of diseases, which consist in modifloations
in the nutrition of organs. — Gendrin.
ANOM'ALOUS, Anom'cUuaf Anom'alet; the
same etymon. Irregular ; contrary to rule. (F.)
AmomaL In Medicine, a disease is called ano-
malowif in whose symptoms or progress there is
something unuttual. Affections are also called
anomalous, which cannot he referred to any
known species.
ANOMALOUS, Irreguhur.
ANOMMATUS, Anophthalmns.
ANOMOCEPH'ALUS, from a, prir., vo^t,
'rule/ and KnpaXtj, 'head.' One whose head is
deformed. — Geoffroi Saint-Hilaire.
ANOM'PHALUS, from av, priv., and o/t^aXot,
* the navel.' One devoid of navel. Many writers
have endeavoured to show that Adam and Eve
must have been avoiK^akoif as they could not have
had umbilical vessels.
ANO'NA TRIPET'ALA. A tree of the /amtVy
Anoneae or Anonaceaj; Sex. Syt, Polyandria
polygynia, from fifteen to twenty feet high, na-
tive of South America, which bears a delicious
fruit called Okirimoycu Both the fruit and flowers
emit a fine fragrance, which, when the tree is
corercd with blossom, \& almost overpowering —
Tschudi.
ANOXIS, Ononis.
AN(JXY}fL\ Innominatum.
ANON'YxMOUS, Aiwn'ymuty Innomina'ttu, (F.)
Anonymtif from av, privative, and mto^, 'name.'
That which has no name.
The word has been applied to many parts of
the body : — to the Anonymout bone or 0« inno-
minatum : — the Anonymout foramen or Foramen
innominatum, Ac.
ANOPHRESIA, Anosmia.
ANOPHTIIAL'MUS, Anom'matuj, trom av,
Srivative, and orpSaXnoi, 'an eye.' A monster
evoid of eyes.
ANOPS'IA, from ov, priv., and «>t, 'the eye.'
A case of monstrosity in which the eye and orbit
are wanting.
ANOPTWONERVIE, Amaurosis.
ANOR'CHIDES, from av, priv., and op^iff. 'a
testicle.' They who are without testicles. — For-
tunatns Fidclis.
ANOREX'I A, from av, prir., and opcCi;, ' ap-
petite. Inappeten'tia, Limo'eie expert, (F.) Perte
tPappetit. Absence of appetite, without loathing.
Anorexia or want of appetite is symptomatic of
most diseases. Also, Indigestion, Dyspepsia.
Anorexia ExnAusTc'Ruir, Frigidi^ of the
stomach — a. Mirabilis, Fasting.
ANORGANIC, see Anhistous, and Inorganic.
ANORMAL, Abnormous.
ANOS'IA, from a, prir., and voeoff 'disease.'
Health. Freedom from dbease.
A N S ' M I A, from a, privatire, and ov/tn,
odour.' Loss of smell. Diminution of the sense
of smell. Called, also, Anotphre'tia, Anotphra*-
•ia, Anophre'$iaj Parot^mia^ Anodfmiti, Anotmo^'
•to, Ol/actde amie'aio, 0. d^fie"ien9, DvecBethe'eia
tU/acto'ria, Anagthe'eia ol/acto'ria, Oaora'tut de-
per'diiM, (P.) Perte de VOdorat.
ANOSMOSIA, Anosmia.
ANOSPHRASIA, Anosmi*.
ANOSPIIRESIA, Anosmia.
ANSE (F.,) Anea (L.,) signmes, properly, the
nandle of certain vessels, usually of an arched
form. By analogy, it has been applied to that
which is curved in the form of such handle.
Thus, the Freneh spesk of An§e inteHinaU to
signifj ft portion of intostine, sapported by its
mesentery, and describing a curved line:— i
of Anee nerveute, Ante anaeiomotique, Ao.
Anee de JU \s used, in Surgery, to designate A
thread, curved in the form of an An»e,
ANSERINA, Potcutilla anserina.
ANSERINE, Chenopodium ambrosioides— a.
Anthelmintiquef Chenopodium anthelminticnm—
a. Bon Henri, Chenopodium Bonus Uenricns— cu
Botryt, Chenopodium Botrys — a. Fftide, Cheno-
podium vulvaria — a. Vermifuge, ChonopodiniA
anthelminticum.
ANTACIDS, Anti-acide, Antiac"ida, /nver.
ten'txa, from anti, ' against,' and aeida, ' acids.'
Remedies which obviate acidity in the stomach.
They are chemical agents, and act by neutralising
the acid. Those chiefly used are ammonia, calcis
carbonas, calx, magnesia, magnesiie carbona^
potossa, potassflB bicarbonas, p. carbonas, sodsi
bicarbonas, and s. carbonas. They are, of coarse^
only palliatives, removing that which exists, not
preventing the formation of more.
ANTAG'ONISM, Antatjonie'mu; An(it'ta$U,
from avri, ' against,' and ayiain^civ, < to acL' Ac-
tion in an opposite direction. It applies to tiie
action of muscles that act in a contrary direo-
tion to others. In estimating the force of the
muscles, this antagonism must be attended to.
ANTAG'ONIST, Antagonis'ta, A muscle
whose action produces an efi'ect contrary to that
of another muscle. Every muscle has its anti^
gonist, because there is no motion in one direo*
tion without a capability of it in another.
ANTALGICUS, Anodyne.
ANTAPHRODIS'IAC, Antaphrodit'ic, AiKo-
phrodieiacue, Anaphroditiacue, AnaphrodieiaCf
Anterot'icue, from avri, 'against,' and a^poiivimnt,
'aphrodisiac.' A substance capable of bluntin|^
the venereal appetite.
ANTAPHRODITIC, AnUphrodisiac.
ANTAPOD'OSIS, from avrairojt^w^i, 'I return
in exchange.' The succession and return of the
febrile periods. — Hippocrates.
ANTAPOPLECTICUS, Antiapoplectio.
ANTARTHRITIC, Antiartiiritic.
ANTASTHENICUS, Tonic.
ANTASTHMATICUS, Antiasthmatic.
ANTATROPU'IC, Antatropk'icu; Antc^ro^
phu9, Antiatroph'icut, from am, 'against,' and
arpoipia, ' atrophy.' A remedy opposed to atro-
phy or consumption.
ANTEBRACHIAL, see AntibrachlaL
ANTECENDEN'TIA. The precursory or
warning symptoms of a disease.
ANTELA'BIA, Prochei'la, from ante, 'before^'
and labia, ' the lips.' The extremi^ of the lipe.
ANTELOPE, Antilopus.
ANTEMBALLOMENUM, Snccedaneum.
ANTEM'BASIS, from mm, and c^^Soivm, 'I
enter.' Jlu'tuue ingree'eue. The mutual recep-
tion of bone;*. — Galen.
ANTEMETIC, Antiemetic.
ANTENDEIXIS, Counter-indication.
ANTENDIXIS, Counter-indication.
ANTENEAS'MUS, from avn, 'against,' and
veav, 'audacious.' One ftirious against himselH
Mania, in which the patient attempts his owa
life. — Zacchias.
ANTBNNA'RIA DIOI'CA, Onaphanium IW-
ot'eNm, Hiepid'ula, Pee cati, Eliehry'enm monle'-
num, Bioe'eiowt Everlasting, Catefoot, (F.) Pied
de chaL A common European plant, which hai
been adyised in hemorrhage, diarrhoea^ Ac
ANTEPHIALTIC, Antiephialtic.
ANTBPILEPTIC, AntiepUeptic.
ANTEPONENS, Anticipating.
ANTEREPSIS, from am, 'against,' and lyn.
lit, ' I support' The resistance — ^the solidi^—
of bones. — ^Hippocrates.
imtSrieub t)U uarteau
Af/T^RISrR LU MARTEAC, Luotor
A-VIE-itfOR, Aaii-tiu, tnm a<i». •before.'
Blduie lieliirs. QnKt oaprmion tuw prSYuled
«itli uaUnnitts Id tha Dae o( thg Uruit i^nre,
„ a vrcol (loalun, witli Iha l^a
Hid palnu of the b*Bdi tnrned farwiinlij ud
|h* bat k|ipliad laogiMilin>Jl7 Mgethar.
AvTx'iuoK Ac'iira ( JfMoiir.j^iinitiila'rii oafe'-
Tiar. Arira/UnM oaric'iiJuM (P.) .1iiri'™)ai« aMt-
witmr, i*tl*ix»r di rvreiUr, ^Dgomala-oncKlairt.
A ibmU miucta, pMiinf troiu Ih« posterior {wt
•f tb* ajgiigiB U Iha bolix. Utt, to dran tba eu
'Urnria ud upwards.
ASTcmoK HiLLRi, Lucolor tyoipaDL
A^ITHUOTICIJS, ADUpbnidisiH.
AXTBt;PnOIlBrUH.C«»liaiuiUDpbdrb<iim.
A5TGVER-BI0N, AMto^r'tio, imir«tcr'.i,^
IroB oMf, ' bcfon,' uid eirtEn, hiwh, ' [o turn.'
DiiplaMmaot oT Uie ut«nu, in whuih the Aindaa
b tania4 l«mrd« tba pubei, •ihiltt iu crifiao ii
tswiada iha »emni. It maj ba auied fa; aitn-
mriia»tl liu or til* pslvli, preu un af the TuearD
an tik* at«TOK, Ac. ; and u recoguiaed hy eiaiol-
bftCiQD |**r m^'miAi. Sea RetTDTenid uteri.
AHTU.£!IIOPIYiCUS, Ami^itmapifiewi,
from •>«. 'agiiiosl,' ud kamoptstit, 'ipitling
Dt hlDod.' Agilntt (pitting of blond. A reined;
(»r mitanK or tluoU — aXi'AaauBfirieixit (rMie.
A5TB.BM0KRHAGtCUa, AnUhamorrhaele.
AilTHECTlCirs, AntiluH-lifl.
ANTUBLIT'RAQUS, (P.)i""lf>"^<>'>.
~ of (he pniper miuclei ut the pavilion o!
; «-«.
ANTHBUX, Anii^lix, htm am, 'bafor.
Bnd'i^. 'Iha helix.' An umiacncA qn Ibe cu
dait* of til* or, in ftnnt or the hoUi, and o
1ibi1Ib{ fnim Ibl eoncba Co tbu gronte of tl
kialit, vhen it bifunalaa.
AMTHKLUIK'TIC, Ja<i-WntV«>'nu,jtiti
•nCiinH, AadiWa'llicUi JsliMD/at'ieM, fi<
■BiVfiuM, Jfi/miiCki^'giii, .Jafiiwnnfiis'n
Moed; which
taiatiea an. Cher
Inn, Sodil Chlo
a Dippclii, 0I<
, (idam. Spf^alia, uiu falTubtannL Bee worml.
' AKTUKU.^ ERCPTIO, Bianihem.
AK'T[IBMISCOT'ITLA,ftniiiat«i»,'Iflow<r.'
A.faf'-ta, Cvftla, V. fa'lida. Cola, <^iiiin-I*>.
' "■ -«nM'J.« f^lidma, An'tlttmh ilo«<-
M, Ciaonii J'^ •SH'na Hu/n '[Ma, if njr-
ih Dt^tffMi-^, SiUy, D.-t.»td, Fitld-
jMiJ. AM. th-& Ceinpoulie CoiTin-
>. 4*^ SjrnganaiU SaperBna. (F.;
luamnttJa fttiit, CaMonill* ptuiHit.
it ptent bas * rerj diait^eeBble amell : and
fhe liana hara a itrtiug, acrid, U<
It ia t<Fpiil<d to hare been oselul i
ArrBiiin Fonni, A. eotala.
■ No'.
I, A.o<i
a AVWU. Ch-mnirU Ac
•M. e>H'li«'>»i>, Aa'liktMiV, OUnaHi'lKa «Jo-
n'Ma. Imma'timun, itutncu'ria. (" '
BfOt krmaiiu. The lean* and Sinrai
au, Pb. U. S.— bar* a •(rung imei],
n^ pOiMu t«nie and aluniachie praportii
"a wwb pren ai a plcaaanl and cheap
~* — te Infiuioa li lutn to prodBiHt, or tc
■fhe O'lcam A^him'idi,
'apertie« of tha plant,
nifl. CgntequcnOj, Ihl
lid bj the drngviata, mu
r qualidea. The; aia
AsTBEHiH oaTiBORaoEMaiB. A. Ootula.
ANTnaiiii ODOttax, A. outula.
Ak'tbehib FViBTHsna, iy r«ljlrMfi, .iM.ye'-
Itu pjinthram, Pyrmlmii n... ..._,._ ._
ig the aromatlo
DfSa'lat-
b; adding 01.
., BnUnl
h tf>ria talii^'rit. PitAltx-
aadri'nv; Ajun^Jk CAniKoiiM(<, Pillilon of .*hatn.
(F.) PvrlAri, Jtac(« Winrir., PUd/Ah^a^
dn. Tbe riwt U hat and acrid, iu acrimuti; ra-
id acrid, iu acrimuti; re
, ciplo. It is nerer nsai
aat4>rjin touthaehe, rb
' «, paraljaia of the Ivngue, Ac. It ailLt
M a powerful aialogogno.
Tbe reUtlor; of the ebopa in acrmaB; la laid
bo denFod from An^cn^^t- o^n-.o'p™.; a
ant enltiratod in Thuringia fur meditiual pur-
An'TBeMU TncTa'RiA,
n«p(it*«rm.' ff«*..
Dfii', CAowoiaH.,
aBurop-
anpU
□1, h<u a bitter
inaohiaaDdfulnorary. (F.
milh dm Ttiit.
Mr.Wf, (St J> It-
-/■
Ahihehib Voifl
oniB, M
a Chamomilla.
ANTHK'BA, ft
m.v*,p
<, 'B
rid.- ao called
from lie flnrid eolo
r. Ara
mad;
ni;rrb,
■BO, alnm, «af-
froo, 4e. It wa«
er Ui
form of lini-
Gabn.
ASTHESEOS,
cluarj,
mdp*.
wdor.— CbIhu,
MentDIn
ANTUORA, Ac
nthon
-a. Vulgaris,
AaoalUiTa antbors.
ANTHOBIS'MA, from
ap^naV and
tfi'lia, 'boandarj
T^mo
d./«
fw. A tumor
without an; dcBn.
d margin
ANTUOS: «e
a. Bylroitrii,
Ledum «;lveatrB.
ANTHRA'CIA,
fromafS
f"(, '
oal.' CbrftW.
<mlar Exan'Aem. An eruption of lamouri, im-
perfectl; luppurating, with Indurateil odgsa, and,
for (he most part, a wrdid and aaoiooc core. A
genua in Iha order Eamihcmnrka, alaaa Ba-
•mtiVra of Good, and Including Plague and Tawa.
ASTBRiCH, Anthraooab — a. Peslia, PlagUB —
a. Rubula. Frambnesla.
A^•THRAC^O^f, aeo Anlhrai.
ANTHRACOID, AiUlnoiai'd—, frem »W,
'eoal,' and ulti 'rMembloaee,' (F.) (Uartoa-
KKc. Aa blacit ai eoal. Aeeompanied b; or
reacmhiing anlhrai.
ANTHMACOMA, Anthrrn.
ANTURACONBCROelS, ave Spbaeclna.
ANTHRAC0PULYCT18, »a Anthfai.
ANTIIRAC08IA, Anthiai.
ANTHRACO'SW, AntSra'eia, Ocrho Palpt-
n, from
the Bje.-
ofanrki.
yclide .
Piulna of ^ginn. Alan,
I. It baa been used for the "
)f coal minora," whiob ii Induced by ci
cooOB aecumnlaCion In tbe luogn. Pitndih-mtm..
nai'iV firmman, (Carawetl). When utecralioD
rcanltB from Ihii oauie, bUiek piifiiiii, {¥.) Pklhi-
n> avee lUtlamni, exiila. See MFlanoaii.
AlTRUdosis PCLMOBFW, aoe Melanuna,
ANTHRACOTTPHOS, Magus.
ANTUBAKOK'ALI, Liih-niKrakofali, Ihna
-oduced ai
) fanned b; diui
n
. b; diuoliing enrbonato of pataataht
puU of btiaag vk'tf ud ftd^B( M
ANTHRAX
8S
AKTIBRACHIUM
nticli slacked lime as will separate the potassa.
The filtered liquor \» placed on the fire in an iron
TesBcl, and safTcred to evaporate, nntil neither
froth nor cfTcrycsccnce ocoara, and the liquid pre-
sents a smooth surface like oil. To thie>, levigated
coal i£> added in the pn>portion of 160 fp'ammcs
to 192 grammes of potassa. The mixture is
stirred, and removed from the fire, and the stir-
ring is continued, until a hiack homogeneous
powder results. A tufphuretted anthrakokali is
ANTHROPOMAGNETISMUS, Magnetim,
animal.
AXTHROTOMANCr, Antlkropomantra, firom
av^fnaros, * a man,' and iiavrua, * divination/ Di-
vination by inspecting the entrails of a dead nuuL
ANTHROPOM'ETRY, from av^^taxof, <aman,'
and licrpovf 'measure.' Measurement of the ^
roensions of the different parts of the baman
body.
ANTITROPOMORPnUS, Atro^Ja mandragon.
made by mixing accurately 16 grammes or,«tiI^ ^ANTHROPOPH'AGUS, (F.) Anthropopkiigt^
phur with the ooal, and dissolving the mi^Eture in mm avSpiairoSf 'a man,' and ^y^, *1 eat' A
the potassa as directed above. The. ikfse of the
simple and sulphuretted prepscatlons is about
two grains three timel a Aay.
ANTHRAX, av$p<^, 'a coal,' A nf rax. Carlo,
Jiubi'nu9 venttf Chde^eVla, Erythe*ina ffangrano'-
fUTOf GrantnVtumf Pruna, Per'tficw* I'jniHf Pyra,
OranatrWtumf Phyma AnthraXf Erythema an-
thrax, Carhun'c%dv»y Antkraco'tia, Anthraco'ma,
Ab9ceii'»u» gangr<Bne9*cen9f A, gangrtsno' »U9, Fu-
run'cufwt malig'nvM, F, gangrano'tuw, Onrhvncle,
(F.) Charbon. An inflammation, essentially gan-
grenous, of the cellular membrane and skin,
which may arise from an internal or external
cause. In the latter case it is called Anthra'cion,
Venc'tda gangrcene^ ccnn, Anthraeophlyc'tit, Pu»-
tuU maligne; Bouton d^Alep, Feu Perinqne, {Per-
tianfire), Mnlvat, liouion inalin. Puce maligne, and
is characterized at the outset by a vesication or
bleb filled with a sero-sanguinolent fluid, under
which a small induration is formed, surrounded
by an areolar inflammation, which becomes gan-
grenous. It has been thought by some to be in-
duced altogether by contact with the matter of
the carbuncle of animals, or of the exuviae of
the bodies of such as had died of the disease,
but it is now known to arise primarily in the
human subject This form of carbuncle has re-
ceived different names, many of tliem from the
places whore it has prevailed ; — Carbun'culu»
contagio'tus seu Gal'licuM sou Hunga'rieua seu
Polon'icut seu Septentriona'b'tf Morhu» jmBtHlo'mt
Fin'nicvs, Pun'tula gangranota seu Liv*ida Ei-
tho'ni(B, Pemphigus Hungar'icua,
Anthrax is a malignant boil, and its treatment
is similar to that which is required in case of
gangrene attacking a part
AyfHRAX PrLMONTM, Nccropneumonia.
ANTII Risers CEREFOLIUM, Scandix ce-
refo'lium — a. Humilis, Chserophyllum Sylvestre
^Hi. Proceru?, Cbserophyllum Sylvestre.
ANTIIROPE, Cutis.
ANTUROPIAT'RICA (MEDICINA.) from
mvOoiairoif * man,' and tarpot, * a physician.' Me-
dicine applied to man in contradistinction to
animals.
ANTHROPOCHEMIA, Chymistry (human).
ANTHROPOCHYMY, Chymistry, (human).
ANTHROPOGEN'IA, Anthropoaen*eai9, An-
tUropog"cny, from av^puxoi, * man, and ytvtat^,
* generation.' The knowlege, or study, or phe-
nomena of human generation.
ANTHROPO G'RAPHY, Anihropograph'ia,
from avOpwirpf, ' man,' and ypa^Vt * & description.'
Anthropology. A description of the human body.
ANTHROPOL'ITHUS, from ayOpwiro;, 'man/
and Xi9ot, 'a stone/ The petrifaction of the
human body or of any of its parts. Morbid con-
cretions in the human body.
ANTHROPO L'OGY, Anthropo!og"ia, from
at^ptairot, 'man,, and Xoyo(, 'a discourse.' A
treatise on man. By some, thb word is used for
the science of the structure and functions of the
human body. Frequently, it is employed synony-
mously with Natural HiHory and Phytiology of
name given to one who eats his own species.
ANTHROPOPH'AG Y, Anthropopha'gia,
etymon. The custom of eating human flesh. A
disease in which there is great desire to eat lU
ANTHROPOS, Homo.
ANTHROPOSCOPIA, Physiognomy.
ANTHROPOTOMY, Andranatomia.
ANTHUS, Flos.
ANTHYPNOT'IC,' AnthypnofieWy AfUihgp^
not'ic, Agrypnot'ic, from avri, 'agunst,' and
'wirv«ri«oj, * stupefyinar.' A remedy for stupor.
ANTUYPOCHON'DRIAC, Anthypoekondri'^
aeut, from avrt, 'against,' and 'vnoj^ovc^taKof, 'hy>
pochondriac/ A remedy for hypochondriasis.
ANTHYSTER'IC, Antihyter'ic, Antihyttef'^
icua, from avri, ' against,' and 'vcrtpa, ' the ute-
rus/ A remedy for hysteria.
ANTI, avTt, as a prefix, in composition, gene*
rally means ' opposition.'
ANTIADES. TonsUs.
ANTIADITIS. Cynanche tonsillaris.
ANTIADON'CUS, from avriaScs, 'the toniiI«»'
and oyKos, ' tumour.' A swelling of the tonsils.
— Swedlaur. Anti'ager has a similar meaning.
Antiadoncus Ixflamxatobius, Cynanche toB-
sillaris.
ANTIAPOPLEC'TIC, Antiapoplcc'ticut^AntO'
poplec'ticttgf Apoplec'ticMf from ovri, 'againet,'
and airovXti^ia, 'apoplexy/ A remedy for apo-
plexy.
AXTIARIS TOXICARIA, see Upas.
ANTIARTHRIT'IC, Antarthrif ic, Antiar.
thrit'ieu9, Antipodog'rir, from avrt, 'against,' and
ap^ptrts, 'the gouty' (F.) Antigoutteux, A re-
medy for gont.
ANTIASTHEN'IC, Antiasthen' icu; from am,
'against,' and acOtvia, 'debility/ A remedy for
debilitv.
ANTIASTHMAT'IC. Anti4uthmaficu9, An-
tatthmat' icuff from avrt, 'against,' and a^^/Mf
* asthma,' A remedv for asthma.
ANTIATROPHICrS, Antatrophic.
ANTIBALLO]MENUM, Succedaneum.
ANTTBDELLA, Antlia sanguisuga.
ANTIBRA'CHIAL, Antibrachin'lia. That
which concerns the fore-arm. — Bichat J. Clo-
quet suggests that the word should be written w^
tebrachial, from aiite, 'before,' and hrac'hiumf
'the arm:' — as antebrachial region^ antebrachial
aptmeuroais, Ac.
Antebra'chial ApoxErRo'sis, (F.) Apo%(9^
rote antfbraehiafe, is a portion of the aponeurotie
sheath which envelops the whole of the upper
limb. It arises from the brachial aponeurosis,
from a fibrous expansion of the tendon of the
biceps muscle, from the epicondyle, epitrochlea,
and, behind, from the tendon of the triceps bra-
chialis. Within, it is int«erted into the cubitus,
ka. ; and, below, is confounded with the two sn-
nnlar ligaments of the carpus. It is covered by
the skin, by veins, lymphatics, and by filaments
of superficial nerves; it covers the muscles of the
fore-arm, adheres to them, and sends betweem
them several fibrous septa, which servo them for
points of insertion.
ANTIBRACUIUM, Fore-arm.
/
ANTIBSOMIC
88
ANTnXT
ANTIBBO'MIC, AnHhn/wneug, from a»n,
'aigiuiiBV and 0pf*ftoi, 'foetor.' A Dto'dorizier,
An agent that destroys offendTe odonra — as
ehloride of sine, simple sulphate of alaxnina» Ac.
ANTICACHEC'TIG, AnHeaelue^tiew, Antiea-
eoehym'tCf from avri, 'against,' and xajft^ta, 'cir-
ebexj.' A remedy agunst cachexj.
ANTICAGOGHYMIC, Anticacheotie.
ANTICAN'GEROUS, Anticancero'ttu, AnH-
tamcr&auaf Antie€urcinom'<it<m9f ArUtMcxr'rhotu,
from ttrrt, 'against^' and co^tyw/uiy ' cancer/ oar-
einoma. Opposed to oanoer.
ANTIGANGROSUS, Anticaacerons.
AKTIGARCINOMATOUS, AnUeanoeroaf.
ANTIGARDIUM, Foawtu du eoeur, Bcrobica-
hu eordia.
AKTIOATAR'RHAL, Ant%catarrJka'U$, AnH-
eatarrhcHcut, from avn, 'against,' and Karappos,
* catarrh.' A remedy for catarrh.
AKTIOATJSOD'IG, AnticautoVte, Anticatuod'-
icHB, from am, 'against,' and Kavaot, 'a homing
fever.' A remedy for eaunu or inflammatory fever.
AMTIGAUSOTIG, Anticausodio.
ANTICHEIR, PoUex, see Digitas.
ANTICH(ERADIGUS, Antiscrofulotu.
ANTICHOLERIGA, Sophora heptaphylla.
ANTIG^IPATING, An^'ij>an$, Antepo'nent,
ProUp^ieua, A periodical phenomenouj recur-
ring at progressively shorter intervals. An an-
tieiptUing intermittent is one in which the inter-
vals between the paroxysms become progressively
less.
ANTICNEHIITM, Shin.
ANTW(EUR, Scrobiculus cordis.
ANTICOL'IC, AnHeoViewiyfTom avri, 'agunst,'
and ntXiKof, ' the colic.' That which is opposed
to oolic.
AKTICOMHA, Oontre-caup,
ANTIGOPE, Chntre-eomp.
AKTIGRUSIS, C^mtre-coup, /
AKTIGRUSMA, Contre-eoup,
AXTIGUS, Anterior.
ANTJDARTREUX, Antiherpetie.
ANTIDEIXIS, Counter-indicatiott.
ANTIDIARRHCE'IG, Aniidiarrhcefieue, A
remedy for diMrhoea. Opposed to diarrhoea.
ANTID'INIC, Antidin'icne, Din'iem, from •m,
'against,' and ii^t, 'vertigo.' Opposed to vertigo.
AN'TIDOTAL, Antidota'lie, same etymon as
fuvUdote, Relating to an uitidote j possessed of
the powers of an antidote^
ANTIDOTA'RIUM, from mniorov, 'an anti-
dote.' A dispenwory. A pharmaooposia or for-
mulary.
AN'TIDOTE, Antid'oUim, from «vrc, 'against,'
and hiimju, ' I give.' OriginaUy this word dgni-
fled an intenuu remedy. It is now nsed synony-
mously with eovmter-poieon, Antiphar'maeum, and
signifies any remedy capable of combating the
effect of poisons.
A fiat of SuUtaneet
h M KTAU.
Iron Filinfs.
Ziac Ftlinft.
9. Acos.
'Hianle Aeid.
Acetic or Citric Add.
3. Salts.
AHcsline or Earthy 8ul>
phatet.
Chloride of SoiKain.
Hypochlorite of Soda or
of Lime.
Ammonia.
Carbooatee of Ammonia.
Okrbonaces of 8oda.
Cartoaate of Mafneaia.
line Watar.
reputed at Antidotet.
Chalk.
Soap.
5. BoLnnrarrs.
Sulphuretted Hydrogen,
dissolved in water.
Bnlphuret of Potassium.
6. Haloios.
Chlorine.
7. MsTALLio Onnis.
Hydrated Besqul-oxide of
Iron.
Mixed Oxides of Iron.
8. OaOAMIC SOBBTASOBS.
Albuminous Substances,
(Albamen, Casein, and
Gluten.)
Starch.
Oit
Animal ChaieoaL
AKTIDOTUM HERAGLIDIS, Snneaph
maoos — a. Mithridatium, Mithridate.
AKTIDTKAMIGA, DebUitants.
ANTIDYNOUS, Anodyne.
AKTIDTSENTER'IO, Antidytenter'icue, from
evTi, ' against)' ivs, * with difficulty/ and tvrspev,
'intestine.' Opposed to dysentery.
ANTIEMET'IG, AnUmet'ic, Anitemei'ieut,
from avTtf 'against,' and mcriKos, 'emetic' A
remedy for vomiting.
ANTIEPHIAL'TIC or ANTEPHIAL'TIC,
Antiephtal'tieue, from avri, ' against^' and c^ioX-
rcf, 'nightmare.' A remedy for nightmare.
ANTIEPILEP'TIO or ANTEPILEP'TIC,
Ant%ep\lep't\cu»f from am, 'againsV and tvi-
AqUrto, 'epilepsy.' A remedy for epilepsy.
ANTIFEBRILIS, Febrifuge.
ANTIOALAG'TIG, An<t^a2ac'Ket(«, Aniilac*-
teue, from arrt, 'against,' and yaXa, 'milk.' (F.)
Antilaiteux. Opposed to the secretion of ndlk^
or to diseases caused by the milk.
ANTIG'ONI GOLLYR'IUM NIGRUM, i?tec4
eo2/yrtuiii of Antig'okus. It was composed of
oadmisy antimony, P^PP^i'y verdigris, gum Arabic,
and water.
ANTIGUA, see West Indies.
ANTIHiBMOPTYIGUS, AnthsDmoptyicus.
ANTIHEG'TIG, Antitkee'tieua, Antheo'tieue,
from avri, 'agitinst,' and *c^is, 'habit of body.'
The AnftAee'lteum Pots'rii is the white oxyd of
antimony ; also called Diaphoret'ieum Jovia'li.
ANTIHELIX, Antiielix.
ANTIHBLMINTIGUS, Antiielmintic
ANTIHEMORRHAG"IC, AnHhamorrhag"-
ictis, Anthetmorrhag"icua ; from avn, 'against,'
and 'atfioppayta, 'hemorrhage.' That which is
against hemorrhage; an antihemorrhagio re-
medy.
ANTIHEMORRHOID'AL, Antihamorrloi-
da*lit, from avn, 'against,' and 'ai^oopoiln, 'he-
morrhoids.' A remedy for hemorrhoids.
ANTIHERPET'IG, Antiherpeeieue, from ovrf,
' against,' and 'cpirc(, 'herpes.' {^.) Antidartreux,
A remedy for herpes.
ANTIHYDROPHOB'IO, AnHlydropKoVieuM,
Antylie'nu, Aly^eua, from am, 'against,' *vhup,
'water,' and ^o^os> 'dread.' A remedy for hy-
drophobia.
ANTIHTDROP'IG, Antikydrop'ieta, Hydrop'-
ieue, from avn, 'against,' and 'v^pui//, 'dropsy.'
A remedy fbr dropsy.
ANTIHTPNOTIG, Anthypnotic
ANTIHYSTBRIG, Antihysteric.
ANTI-IGTERIO, Anti-ieter'ieue, Jder^ieue,
from am, 'against,' and txttpost 'jaundice.' A
remedy for jaundice.
ANTI-IMPETIGENES, SOLOMON'S, IM
Liquor Hydrargyri oxymuriatis.
ANTILABIUM, Prolabium.
ANTILAOTBUS, Antigalaetie.
ANTILAITEUX, Antigalaetie.
ANTILEP'SIS, Apprehen'eiOi from cvriXe^-
fitam, ' I take hold of.^ The mode of attaching
a bandage over a diseased part, by fixing it upon
the sound parts. — Hippocrates. The mode of
seenring budages, Ac, from slipping. Treat-
ment by revulsion or derivation.
ANTILETHAR'GIG, Antilethar'fieve, from
am, 'againsV >ad \ifiapyiKes, 'affected with
lethargy.' A remedy for lethargy.
ANTILITH'IGS, AntUith'tca, Uth'iea, P^m
am, 'against^' and >t9ot, 'a stone.' A substanea
that prevents the formation of calculi in tht
urinary organs.
The chidT antilitiiics — according as the calculi
are llthio acid or phosphatic— are sJkalies or
acids ; with revellents, especially change of air;
tonics, as diosma erenata, (?) and uva unL(7)
ANTILLT, MINERAL WATERS 07. A
ueribeil to ihcm.
ANTILOBIUH. ADtitregns, Tngiu.
AUTILOI'MIC, AniiM-mita., AfHilc
Hpftilailia'lU, from mfr, 'agiunit,' bji
< lbs plssne.' A cemed; Tor the pligat.
ANTIL'OPDS. Ths Ji.'(ei»e. (¥.) Oatt
Ad AWnto anlnml, whoso hoofi knd homi w
formtfTly givvn in hyBterio uiil epUtpdc cMci
ANTfLYflSUS, Antihydnphoblu.
ANIIMKL'ANOKOLIC. AnlmiUa-Mrii
frain aim, 'ag^iut,' >nii ^iXa]r|-oAia, 'mill
aholj.' A remecl; Cir inditDDbnlf.
ASTIMEPHiT'IC, AMimtphii'iea; tram a
'a^nst.' ud >iii;i1i(i'd. Areinvdj agiutirt i
phltii: or delsurioua guoi.
ASTIHOINE. AntimoDinni — 1. Bevm
blnor (T, Ai
^r^ d; Ad
>. CAItnn
-^ OxHJt cT, Algamth — n. OfUe
iniuin dinphoretienm — a. Sot/rt
lii lulpbanUuD pntripiuttuo —
Uuljun a; Antlntaninm— a. Sul/url, Aydronf-
hari rotioe if, AQtiinnDii lulpbnntum nthnuu
- B. Vtrn <f . AnUmonU TiErom.
ANTIMO'NIAL.Ai
which uitimoD; ei
onj/ A oompoutl
irfl- A pTflpantioD
dAoi cnleu «>'Ai<i'I»i, A C<i;'«»n iK&iii'taiA,
}>ilf>u /an«'*Ji. Pultif lUbia-M, />*'«u ife ^tiV-
jur>«'« Pouder, ScHWiaiKRQ'i j'Hwr Poudtr,
Cbivktii'i AnO'iooiiisf Ponder, (F.) PoMfre
anriMoniofg comjiDifo on >fii Jiieb- A peroiide
of Bnliraony combined with phonphBts of limr.
(7^*e of aamrnon nlpUret <if nBtimony, Ibj;
harutuin lAon'itjfi, Riij. Rout in an iron per
uiilil they foiin ■ gray powder. Put t<ii> !nlu
long pol, with B smsll bale in the cover. Ee«
it in a red beat for ino boun, and grind to afio
powder.} This preparation bai long been ej
t«flmed aa a febrifuge: but it ii eitremely nil
cortAin in itj action. The ordinary doAo is 6 c
G gr«na.
AMTIMOSIALB CAUSTICUM,
ANTIMONII (BCTYKDM.) Antimon
nlum mnrialain — B.OiydalDiB bydrDnulphi
aarantiounm, Antitaooii Bnlphurotum pnccipita-
tam — a. Oiydnm, Aigarotb — a. Oiydnm aiintnni.
Antimonii ■nlphnrsCiini pnttcipttMutn — O-OlidDin
aitro-mDriatioum, Aleuoth — )u Oiydi
dam Bulpbaretum Titrifactum, Antimonii Titmm
— a. OiysDlpburetum, A Bnlphuretiim pmeipi-
UCum— k Polusio-tutrai. Anlimoninm tarteri-
latuin — B. Begolai modi
Sulphur
I. S< Antimon
mlphnr
a. Sulphor ptmolpilD-li
I prBoipilatnm — *. SiUphnretQin
a. Tartraa, AuUmoaiura tarurii
Tsrtru et PoIomib, Aniii
-B, Viiram hyacintbinum, Antimonii Titruni.
£J£.-
pBIOtJ
HljiAur
I^ndon PhannBcopielB, b newly lb* i
old ftnoH Jftnrnil. It ia a powder nl an mrna^
ctilnur, ot a maullie, rtypUe laau. It ia emttle.
diaphoretic, and cathartla, aceordlngto Ihadsn;
and bu beeo obiefly ii>ed id ohnmie TbenmBdnn,
and in cataoeoui) aJTeetione. Dnee, gr. j. to gr. ir.
^nttnonii Sii:j)AKrcm« Prarifiiatam tS the
Dnited 8Ufe« PhummpopfBia, la mude by boiling
Ingalhor .'MpAurrt o/ AHifmaiiy, In Hna powdar,
•JoJud'oo r>f Pntaita, and dittidil waltr ; ttnlo-
ing the liEinor wbile hot, and dropping int» ]|>*
IHlaud Si'liikario Aeid so long aa^t pradaaaMjg '
preoipilate.
AiiTiiia'nn SctPHnHn'TTTM TtnnrH, i
BABrof a/ An'r^mo-H, BvArimil/nn'm
rul,nim.8Ht-kgdronl'/nwHifli,lf^ro^
hint rubrum Hib'H mlphvra'H, Pttlrii i
niw'nm, X'smci Wnml. (P.) Bydf
nugnrAfUimoiftitilfa-^, VtmiOandtP
Prupeiilei tba aaine a> tba loat Doae, gr.f,
gr. It. '
AHTiiro'im VimoK, Ohui o/ At
nB'uii afgdum iiilpSiira'f™ vilri/ae'tiim,
ydam Mil/li •iMiii'Crnm, Anlima'mi
(Hin, Or'ldum nnh'mo'ni'i m* 'laPphi
lam, rilrni* illb'H, Anlimo'lni vitTum Ayoei
tiinam, CKryd'ulum ilii'H n'lna'hHB. (F.) Cem
d'AMinoiiH. (Formed by roaaUog powdertd
commen antimony in a ihsllox veanel, orar a
geolla tre. till it ii of s wbiUib gnf colotir, and
emits DO fSimea In Bred beat; then nielling it, an
a quick fire, into a clean, browniib-rcd glmu.)
It hu been used for preparing the tBiariicd
antimony and antimonlBl wine.
AKTIMONIOtIS ACID,
ANTIMO'NIUM, from am,
farm, 'alona^ <'. <. not found all
ing to otbeni. from ai>ri, 'ngiintt,' w)4 w
monk;' heMtuc, it la aaxcrteil. eerbuo_iii«il
•uBercd much from it. Slibi, Stifitim,
Antiwvt'ntit JfAtTit'I^HH, 0jrB0ee'«ai, J
.^alar'ni, itare.in'la plMti-bta, j^MiwiMaPMl
Slim-mi, Awwa lc;iro'nM, AntimtAmm aruSii
Anlimo'nii nilplHitt'iim, Sulpbtirt'lum miyt(m
grum. Oommon Aniimony, Salphurel a/ AiOtmlllt
(P.) Anlimoin, Satfvt /rAnlimoint. Balphnnt
at antimony is the ora from whieb all (be prepB-
ratioaa of antimony are formed. In Pbannscy,
il ie UiD natiTBiefqaimilphiiretotUitimony.pnrl-
fied by fUaioa. When prepared Sir mFdJ<>Bl an,
by iritnntlioo and lerigBlion, il fornm • powder
of a black, or blnjib gruy culutir, wfaicb ii inan-
luble. It it illBhUy diaphorotlo and nlt*nili*c.
and haa been uaed in ebronio rfai
11 dieerucB, Ae.
I Calcihituii, Anttntmlnm d
AKTiHo'MrtrH Duphorkt'tccic, ih'auUril
Aniinionir. Anliinn'iH'atit Aeid, Ilin'tral Bi^aa
Aniimo'iiiiMi Cntciiut'mm, MiniTal Oiapi
Maiiirt p«^ d< KERxmso, Ptnxeide tf J
moHy, Calx Anlimn'nii, jliitiao'iiiiMi 4W" ' "
i-cun latum, Onv'f Aniimo'nii, Oolx A
tlo'ta, Oxo'da •lih'ii albiri, Wblim Hlbic'i
Bfutoxidi of An'Hmimf, 0^'idum
mtdian'li niln im/ctliim, Pofowt Mnnluaw'Hi
noyndii nitre. {Oimnion aiUimamg,a4i^r^^
A27TIMOKT, BTJTTEB OF
M
AKTIPHL0GI6TI0
miUr*f IbiiJ.^ — ^Throw it bj spoonfuls into a red4iot
cmcible; powder and wash. The flowers that
•tlok to the side of the omoible must be carefully
•eparated, otherwise they reader it emetic.)
Dose, gr. z. to xxx.
AarTiMoviDM EmbticitiCi A. tartariiatam.
Antimo'iiicm Mbdicina'lE, Rtg'^ut Anltmo'*
nii Hedieima'lUfJiedieinal Beg'ulut o/Antitnonv,
(Aniimoti. Mulphur. ^r. Potaat, tubcarb, §L Sodii
chioritL J IT. Powder, mix, and melt. When
eold, separate the scorisB at top, powder the mass,
and wash it well.) It is eonoeiTed to be more
actire than common antimony.
AxTiMo'muM Mubia'tum, Ataimo'nii Mu'riat,
Oklor'mrct of An'timony, Cklorure'tum tlib'ii,
Spuma trimm draeo'numf DeiUo-murifU ttib'ii
9mhlima*tu$f Butter of Antimonif, MuriaU of An-
timonVf Chloride of Aniiwton^f Bufy'rum Antimo'
nii, irUum AHtimo^niiy Butjf'rum ttib'ii, Caue*'
ticum antimonia'U, Antimonium §ali'tum, (F.)
Oklomrt d*A»timoine, Beurre d^Antimoint, (Com-
mon antimony and oorrosive sublimate, of each
•qoal parts : grind together, and distil in a wido>
necked retort, and let the butyracooas matter
that comes over, run, in a moist place, to a liquid
oil.) A cansUc, but not much used as such.
Sometimes taken as poison.
AxTiifOjnux Balitum, Antimonium muriatnm.
Ahtuco'nidm Tartariza'tdm, Tartrit Anti-
mo'nii, Tartar Antimonia' tuoif Sal Antimo'nii,
Tartrae Poiatf%m tibio'tut sen ttibia'lit, Tartrit
lUiv'im »tibia'tu», Dtvio-tartratpottu'tw etetib'iif
Tar'tanu emet'teue, Tar*tarum emel'icum, Tartrat
mMtimo^niif Tartrat Antimo'nii et Potatsa, Anti-
WM'nii et Potan^ Tartrae (Ph. U. 8.), Antiino'nii
fotat'eio-tartrae, Antimo'nium eme^ieum, Tar*-
tariztd An'titmony, Tartrate of An'timonv and
potaa'ta, Potaeeio-tartrate of AfUttnony, JSmet'ie
Tartar, Tartar Emetic, (F.) Tartre etibiiy Tartrt
£mitiqmet £mltiqne ; in some parts of the United
States, rulgarly and improperly called Tartan
(Made by digesting mUpkuret of antimony in a
mixture of nitric and mnritUie acide with the aid
of heat ; Altering the liquor, and pouring it into
water: freeing the precipitate from acid, by
washing and drying it; adding this powder to
hitartraie of potatea in boiling dittiUed water;
boiling for an hour, and after fUtering the liquor
whUe hot» setting it aside to crystallise.— Ph. U.S.)
Tartarued antimony is emetic, sometimes ca-
thartic and diaphoretic Bxtemally, it is rube-
facient Dose, as an emetic, gr. J. to gr. ir. in
eolation : as a diaphoretic, gr. one-sixteenth to
gr. one-quarter.
The empirical preparation^ called NoRUs's
Drops, consist of a solution of tartariued anti-
montf in rectified spirit, disguised by the addi-
tion of some TCffetsible colouring matter.
AxTiMoxiuv Vitrifactuu, Antimonii vitnim.
ANTIMONY, BUTTER OF, Antimonium mu-
riatom — a. Chloride of, Antimonium muriatum —
a. Chloruret of, Antimonium muriatum — a. Deu-
toxide of, Antimonium diaphoretieum — a. Flowers
of, Algaroth — a. Olass of, Antimonii ritrum — a.
Oolden sulphur of, Antimonii sulphuretum prsB-
cipitatum^^a. Medicinal, regulus of, Antimonium
medicinale — a. Muriate of, Antimonium muria-
tum — a. Peroxide of, Antimonium diaphoretieum
>-a. Potassio-tartrate of, Antimooium tartarita-
tum — a. Submuriate of; Protoxide of, Algaroth —
a. Sulpburet o^ red, Antimonii sulphuretum m-
brum — a. Tartarized, Antimonium tartariiatiun
—a. Vegetable, Bupatorium perfoliatum.
AsrTi]fO!rT and Potassa, Tartratr of, Anti-
monium tartarizatnm.
ANTINEPHRIT'IC, Aitftfie;>Aret'to, Amine-
p^ret'icu9f from avn, 'against^' and vs^pirif, 'ne-
phritis.' A remedy for inflammation of the kidney.
ANTINEUROPATHIC, NerWne.
ANTIKBUROTIC, Nervine.
ANTINIAD, see Antinial.
ANTIN'IAL, from errtf 'against,' and tvtwp
'the ridge of the oeeiput.' An epithet for an
aspect towards the side opposite to the inion, or
ridge of the oecipuL — Barclay. Antiniad is nised
adverbially by the same writer, to signify 'to-
wards the antinial aspect.'
ANTI'OCHI HI 'ERA. A preparation ex-
tolled by the ancients in melancholy, hydropho*
bia, epilepsy^ Ac It was formed of germander,
agaric, pulp of colooyntb, Arabian stoechas, opo-
ponax, sagapenum, parsley, aristolochia, white
pepper, cinnamon, lavender, myrrh, honey, Ac.
Antiochi Thbriaca. a theriac employed by
Antiochns agunst every kind of poison. It was
composed of thyme, opoponax, millet, trefoil,
fennel, aniseed, nigella sativa, Ac.
ANTIODONTAL'GIC, AntodontaVffic, Anto^
dontal'gieut, Odontai'gic, Odont'iCf AiUiodontal'-
gictu, from avri, 'against,' and oiovraXyte, 'tooth-
ache.' A remedy for toothache.
AKTIORGAS'TIC, Antiorgat'tieua, from am.
'against,' and o^aw, 'I desire vehemently.' A
remedy for orgasm or erethism, and for irritation
in general.
ANTIPARAI.TT'10, AnHparaly thieve, from
arrif 'against,' and rofaXvtfif, 'paby.' Opposed
to palsy.
AKTIPARABIT'IC, Antiparaeieieue, Anti-
pktheiriaeue, Phthi^riut, Paraeit*ieide; from evrt,
' against,' and wa^eirot, ' a parasite.' An agent
that destroys parasites, as the different vermin
that infest the body. The chief antiparasitics
are Cboew/ii«, Stapkieagrioy Veratrum album, and
certain of the mercurial preparations.
ANTIPARASTATI'TIS, from awu, 'opposite,'
and 9apaaTanif, 'the epididymis;' also, 'the pros-
tate,' and iti9, denoUng inflammation. Inflam-
mation of Cowper's glands.
ANTIPATHI'A, from avrc, 'against,' and
«tt0o(, 'passion, affection.' Aversion. A natural
repugnance to any person or thing.
ANTIPATH'IC, Antipath'ieue, (F.) Antipa-
thique. Belonging to antipathy. Opposite, con-
trary, — as kumeurt antipathiquee ; humours op-
posed to each other. Also, palliative.
ANTIP'ATRI THBRIACA, Tkeriae of Aw*
tip'atbr. a farrago of more than 40 articles :
used as an uitidote against the bites of serpents.
ANTIPERIOD'IC, Antiperiod'ieu; Antitvp'*
iou$, from awn, 'against,' and v€pi96of, 'period.'
A remedy which possesses the power of arresting
morbid periodical movements j—e. g. the sulphate
of quinia in intermittents.
ANTIPERISTAL'TIC, Antiperietal'ticw, An-
tivermie'ular, from evri, 'against,' and rtptertXXu,
' I contract' An inverted action of the intestinal
tube.
ANTIPERIS'TASIS, from avrt, 'against,' and
vcpirraffif, 'reunion, aggregation.' A union of
opposite drenmstances : the action of two con-
traiy qualities, one of which augments the force
of the other. The peripateticians asserted, that
it is by Antiperistasis, that fire is hotter in winter
than in summer. Theophrastus attributes the
cause, which renders man more vigorous, and
makes him digest more readily in winter, to the
augmentation of heat caused by Antiperistasis.
ANTIPSR'NIUS, from avri, 'against,' and
Pernio, 'a chilblain.' A remedy against chil-
blains; — as Unguen'tum antiper'nium, an oini-
ment for chilblains.
ANTIPERTUBSIS, see Zinci sulpbaJi.
ANTIPESTILBNTIALIS, Antiloimic
ANTIPHARMACUS, Alexiphannic
ANTIPHLOGIS'TIC, Antiphlogi^tieut, ftxia
ANTIPHTHBIBUCA
M
ANTRT7H
fvrt, 'agunsV and ^^'Y^t 'I burn.' Opposed
to inflammation ; — ai Antiphlogittie remeait9, A.
regimenf Ac,
ANTIPHTnEIBIACA, Antiphthinaea, from
•vTi, 'aj^nsty' and ^n^iaw, 'I am lousy.' A
remedy u»cd to destroy lice.
ANTIPHTHIS'ICAL, Antiphthu'tctu, from
•m, 'against,' and ^tots, 'consumption.' Op-
posed to phthisis.
ANTIPIIYSICA, Carminatiyes.
ANTIPHYS'ICAL, Antiphyt'unu, from awri,
'againsty' and ^wtv, 'I blow.' An expeller of
wind : a carminative.
It has also been used for any thing preterna-
tural; here, the derivation is from am, 'against,'
and ^voiSf 'nature.' The French sometimes say,
*Un go(kt antiphynqutf 'an unnatural taste.'
ANTIPLAS'TIC, AntipUu'ticut, Plattilytfie,
PlattUy^icutf from avrif ' against,' and rXooriKof,
'formative.' Antiformative. An agent that dimi-
nishes the quantity of plastic matter — fibrin — ^in
the blood.
ANTIPLEURIT'IC, Antipleviret*ieu», Anti-
pUuret'ic, from avri, 'against,' and vXtvptri;,
* pleurisy.' Opposed to pleurisy.
ANTIPNEUMON'IC, Antipneumon'ievti, from
arrif * against,' and vvsvituviaf ' disease or inflam-
mation of the lungs.' A remedy for disease or
inflammation of the lungs.
ANTIPODAGRIC, Autiarthritic.
ANTIPRAX'IS, from am, 'against,' and
wfcaw, 'I act.' A contrary state of difierent
parts in the same patient: e. g. an increase of
heat in one organ, and diminution in another.
ANTIPSOR'IO, Antip«o'ncut, Antitca'biout,
from arrif ' against,' and xptapa, ' the itch.' (F.)
Antifjaleux. Opposed to the itch.
ANTIPUTRID, Antiseptic
ANTIPY'IC, Antipy'icuM, from avrty 'against,'
and irvov, ' pus.' Opposed to suppuration.
ANTIPYRETIC, Febrifuge.
ANTIPYROT'IC, Aw<i>yrot'tcii«, from avri,
'against,' and wp, ' fire.' Opposed to bums or
to pyrosi.^.
ANTIQUARTANA'RIUM, Antiqitar'tinm, A
remedy formerly used against quartan fever.
ANTIQUUS, Chronic
ANTIRHACHIT'IC, AntirhachW %eu9, from
«vr<, 'against,' and rachitis. Opposed to rachitis,
or rickets.
ANTIRHEUMAT'IC, Antirrheutaat'icut; from
am^ 'against,' and ptvita, 'rheumatism.' A re-
medy for rheumatism.
ANTIRIIINUM ACUTANGULUM, A. Lina-
ria — a. Auriculatum, A. Elatinc
AifTiRHi'xuM Elati'nB, A, auricula'tumf E.
hfista'tUf Elati'nif Lina'ria elati'nif Ctftnbala'ria
elati'nif FluelUn or Female Speedwell^ was for-
merly used against scurvy and old ulcerations.
Antirhi'num nKDBRACBuir, A. Liuaria — a.
nedcr»fuUum, A. Linaria.
Antirhi'xum LiNA'BrA, A. Aedera'eeum sen
hederoifo'lium seu acuian'g%dumf Lina'riOf L,
mUga'ris seu cymhala'riaf ElatVni evmhala'-
ri'o, Oymhala'ria mura'lie, Oejf'rie, Lrina'ria,
Common Toad Flax, (F.) Linaire, The leaves
have a bitterish taste. They are reputed to be
diuretic and cathartic An ointment made from
them has been extolled in hemorrhoids.
ANTI8CABI0US, Antipeoric
ANTISCIRRHOUS, Anticancerous.
ANTISCOLKTICIJS, Anthelmintic
ANTISCOLICUS. Antiielmintic
ANTISCORBU'TIC, Antiscorbu'iicua, from
Avri, ' against,' and tcorhutue, ' the scurvy.' Op-
posed to Hcurvv.
ANTISGROF'tJLOUS, Antieeroph'uloMe, An-
$iterqfulo*9U9, Antietrumo'iM, Antiehagrad'icut,
Opposed to garoftila.
ANTISEP'TIC, Antitep'tieue, Antipm'tni,
from avri, ' against,' and vnwTos, ' putrid. ' Autim
putredino'sui. Opposed to putrefaction. Th«
chief antiseptics, internally or externally em*
ployed, are Acidum Muriaticw»t Aeidum Xitri-
cum, Acidum Hulpkuricum, Aluminm eulpkae,
Carho Ligni, Cfalx ChlorinatOf Cklorinumf CVa-
chona and its active principles, Oreaeote, Jkntd
RadiXf Fermentum CerevieitB, Sod<i Ohloruniaf
and Zinci Ghloridum,
ANTISIAL'AGOGUE, Aniieialago'guB, Anti^
ei'alutf from avrc, 'against,' and acoJUw, 'ialiva.'
A remedy against ptyalism.
ANTISPASIS, Derivation, Revulsion.
ANTISPASMOD'IC, Antiepaemod'tcut, Aafi-
qHu'tictUf from avrt, 'agunst,' and tram, 'I con-
tract.' Opposed to spasm. The whole operatioB
of antispasmodics is probably revulsive. The
following are the chief reputed antispesmodiea.
jEther Sulphurxcu9, ABafictidaf Caetoreumf Drm»
contium, Moechutt Oleum Animate J)ippeliif and
Valeriana — with the mental antispasmodics, ab-
straction, powerful emotions, fear, Ac Of direct
antispasmodics, we have no example.
ANTISPASTICUS, Antispasmodic, Daifft-
tivc
AXTISTASIS, Antagonism.
ANTISTERIG'MA, from «m, 'agunsty'and
tmi^'yiia, ' a support' A fulcrum, luppor^ cratch.
— Hippocrates.
ANTISTER'NUM, from arvi, 'against,' md
oTtpvovf ' the sternum.' The back. — Rofua.
ANTISTRUMOUS, Antiscrofulous.
ANTISYPniLIT'IC, AntieyvhiUeient, firoa
avTtf 'against,' and ej/philie, 'the veneiMd die-
ease.' Opposed to the venereal disease
ANTITASIS, Counter-extension.
ANTITIIENAR, Opponens poUids, Addaotor
pollicis pedis.
AXTITHERMA, Refrigerants.
ANTITHORA, Aeonitum anthora.
ANTITRAG'ICUS, Antitra'geue, (P.) Vtueh
de VAntitrayuff J/, antitragien. — (Oh.) Bel<mg«
ing to the antitragus. A small muscle la io
called, the existence of which is not constant.
It occupies the space between the antitragns and
anthclix.
ANTITPAGTEy, Antitragicus.
ANTIT'RAGUS, from avrt, 'opposite to,' and
rpayoif * the tragus,' Antilo'biumf Oblo*lnnwt, A
conical cmineuoe on the pa\'ilion of the ear, op-
posite the tragus.
ANTITYP'IA, from avrt, 'againiN' and r»«Tw,
'I strike.' Resistance. Hardness. Kepcrcuaiion.
ANTITYPICUS, Antiperiodic
ANTIVENE'REAL, Antivene^mu, from ^m,
'against,' and Venutf ' Venus.' TLe same as An-
tisyphilitic Formerly it waa used ■ynovym«A9l7
with Antaphrodisinc
ANTIVERMICULAR, Antiperistaltic
ANTIVERMINOSUS, Antiielmintic
ANT'LIA or ANTLI'A, from mrrXnv, 'tm
pump out^' A syringe ; a pump. Hence, Antlia
lac' tea, Lacti9u'giumy a breast-pump; and AmUia
eanguiau'ga, Antibdella, Iliru'do artifieia'lie, the
exhausting syringe used in cupping.
Antlia Gastrica, Stomach-pump.
ANTODONTALGIC. Antiodontalgic
ANTODYNUS, Anodyne
AXTRAX, Anthrax.
AN THE, Antrum — a. d^Uyglimore, Antrom
of Highmore.
ANTROVERSIO, Antevcrsio.
ANTRUM, 'A cavern,' Cavern* a, Bar'alhnmf
(F.) Autre, A name given to certain cavities in
bones, the entrance to which is smaller than the
bottom.
AsTRCM AxiBia, Tym^iAnm — su Bacrinoean^
AKULUS
87
APERIENT
Coehlem, Labyrinth — ■. Dentale, see Tooth — a.
Pylori, see Stuiniich.
A^TTBUM OF HiGHMORB, Antrum Iligkmoria'-
ftMm^ Antrwm Gcn<B, Antrutn maxilla' ri vel max-
iri4g ttuptriu' r\*f Gcnyan'trum, Max'iUary S\nu»f
Smu* Gem^ pituita'ritUf (F.) Antrt d^ Hifghmor^f
Sinut MaxiUaire. A deep cavity in the sub-
ttance of the enperinr maxillary bone communi-
eatiog with the middle meatus of the noee. It
is lined by a prolongation of the Schneiderian
membrane.
ANCLUS, Fonette,
ANURESIS, Ischuria.
ANURIA, Ischuria.
ANUS, 'a circle/ Podex^ Potex, MoPyta, Ifo-
Dactyrio; Cfath'edrOt Oifr^ceoHf U]f9'»aro$,
f$tkoSf Auk'edraf Aph'edron, ffedra, Proctos,
&aeM, CuluMf Cu'leon, The circular open-
ing aitaate at the inferior extremity of the rectum,
by which tho excrement is expelled. The funda-
wmmt. The •cat. The body. The ««a<, (F.) Siige,
Ajrrs al»> signifies the anterior orifice of the
Aqmtdmrt of Sylvius. By some, this Anu*, called
also, Fora'meH commu'ni po9te'riu»f has been
sapposcd to form a communication between the
Wick part of the third ventricle and the lateral
Ttntricles. It is closed up, however, by the tela
ehoroidea, and also by the fornix, whioh is inti-
mately connected with this. The foramen is
■itnate between the commissura mollis of the
optic thalami and the pineal gland.
Avus, Artificial. An opening made artifi-
cially, to supply the natairal anus. The term is
often used to include preternatural anus.
Axes, CoxTRACTED, (F.) Aniu ritrici, A state
of the anas when, from some cause, it is con-
ftrieted.
Akus, Imperforatk. a malformation, in
which there is no natural anus. See Atresia ani
Ajrus, PRETERXAT'irRAL, (F.) Anu9 ctmtre na-
tmr0, A. anormal. An accidental opening which
sires issue to the whole or to a part of the faeces.
It may be owing to a wound, or, which is most
ocHRmon, to gangrene attacking the intestine in
Ahamial sac
This term is also employed, as well as Anus
deni, deciotu aniM, to the case whore the anus, in-
stead of being in its natural situation, is in some
Aoighbonring cavity, as the bladder, vagina, &c.
ANXI'ETY, Anxt'etw, Anxi'etudey Adatmo'-
•£a, Dgtphi'ria anxi^eta*, Alyt'tnutf AVycif Al'-
jpsif, Aiit from angere, 6r. ay^ttPt 'to strangle,
to raflbeate.' A state of restlessness and agita-
tion, wi Ji general indisposition, and a distressing
sense of oppression at ihe epigastrium. Inquie-
tmde, anxUty, and anguUhj represent degrees of
the same condition.
AKTPNIA, Insomnia.
AOCHLE'SIA, from a, priv., and ^x^oi, 'dis-
torfaance.' Tranquillity. Calmness.
AOB'TAy Arte'ria magnoj A. craMwa, A, max'-
4ma, H<Bmal Axis, of Owen. (F.) Aorte. This
name was given by Aristotle to tho chief artery
of the body. It may have been derived from
mafno/iai, *l am suspended,' as it seems to be
suspended from the heart; or from arip, 'air,' and
ni^BM, ' I keep,' because it was supposed to con-
tain air. It IS probable that Hippocrates meant
by Mproi the bronchia and their ramifications.
The aorta is the common trunk of the arteries of
tho body. It arises from the left ventricle of the
heart, about opposite to the fifth dorsal vertebra,
pastes upwards {ascending AortOf) forms the great
mrA of iht Aorta, and descends along the left
of the spin^ {descending Aortat) until it reaches
Ihs middle of the fourth or fifth lumbar vertebra,
vSmts it bifurcates, to give origin to the common
iliacs. The aorta is sometimes divided into tho
Thoracic or pectoral, and the Ahdominul. For
the arteries which arise from it, Ac, gee Artery.
AORTEURYS'MA, from Aopr^. Mhe aorta.'
and a'fwf, * dilated.' Aneurism of the Aorta, (F.)
AnArrysme de V Aorte, Aortitctasie. By cnrcfnlly
auscultating over the dorsal vertebrao, a bellows'
sound, with a deep and not always perceptible
impulitc, may be detected.
AOR'TIC, Aor'ticvs. Relating to the Aorta-
The Aortic ventricle^ (F.) Ventricle Aortique, is
the left ventricle. The Aortic ralren are the sig-
moid valves at the origin of the Aorta, Ac.
AORTIEUTASIE, Aorteurysma.
AORTI'TIS, Jnjlnmma'tio Aor'to', from Aorta,
and t/i«, denoting inilammation. luflauimation
of the aorta.
AORTRA, Aortron, A lobe of the lungs.—
Hippoorr.tes.
AO'TUS, from a, privative, and off, 'an ear,'
A monster devoid of ears. — Gurlt.
A P A G ' M A, Apoclas'ma, Apocecaulis'menon,
from airo, * from,' and ayu, * I remove' Separa-
tion, abduction. Separation of a fractured bone.
— Galcnus, Focaius.
APAGO(JE, Defecation, Inductio.
APALACIIINK, Ilex vomitoria — a. ii Fcuilles
de Prunirr, Prinos — a. Gallis, Ilex vomit'iria.
APAL'LA(jE, AjHillax'is, from axa)^arTta, 'I
change.* Mutation, change. It is generally
taken in a good Fense, and means the change
from disease to health. — Hippocrates.
APALLAXIS, Apallage.
APALOT'ICA, from avaXorti, 'softness, ten-
derness.' Fortuitous lesions or deformities affect-
ing the soft parts. The first order in the class
Tyckit'a, of Good.
APAXT1IESI8, Apantbiamus.
APANTUTS'MUS, Apanthe'sis, from airo,
' from,* and avdiu, * I flower.' The obliteration
of parts previously inservient to useful puri^oses,
as of the ductus venosus aud ductus arteriosus,
which are essential to foetal existence, but are
subsequently unnecessary. See, al?o, Stuprum.
APANTHRO'PIA, from axo, 'from,' and a»-
^puvoff ' man.' Detestation of man ; desire for
solitude. — Hippocrates. One of the symptoms of
by poch on <1 rinsis.
APAPHRISMOS, Despnmation.
APARACH'YTUM VINUM, from a, priv.,
and xapa^vfa, ' I pour over.' 'The purest wiue :
that which has not been mixed with sea-water. —
Galen.
APARIXE, GaSum aparine — a. Hispida, Ga-
lium apnrine.
APARTHROSIS, Diarthrosis.
A P' A THY, Apathi'Of Ameli'a, from a, priva-
tive, and va^of, 'affection.' (F.) Ajmthie. Ac-
cidental suspension of the moral feelings. It
takes place in very severe diseases, particularly
in malignant fevers.
APECIIE'MA, from airo, 'from,' and 17;^©?,
'sound.' Properly the action of reflecting sound.
In medicine, it is synonymous with the Latin
Oontrafifsura, a counter-fissure, a counter-blow.
— Gomrup, Cel}«us.
APECTOCEPHALUS, Acephalothorus.
APEL'LA, Appel'la, Leipoder'mos, Pecnti'tus,
from a, priv., and pellis^ ' skin.' One whose pre-
puce does not cover the glans. — Galenus, Lin-
naeus, Vogel. Retraction or smallness of any
other soft appendage. — Sagar. One who is cir-
cumcised.
APEPSTA, Dyspepsia.
APE'RIENT, Ape'riens, Aperiti'vus, from ape .
nVe, {ad and pario,) 'to oiM?n.' Pet'^rans, A
laxative. (F.) Anfritif, A medicine which
gently opens the bowcla. The lena had 1qy«
APERISTATON
88
APIONTA
metly a mnch more extensive lignification, and,
like Catalut'icutn, whs given to a substance sop-
posed to have the power of opening any of the
passages, and even the blood-vessels.
APERIS'TATON, AixfnVtofttm, from «, pri-
vative, and vcptarttftt, 'I surround/ An epithet
for an ulcer not dangerous nor considerable, nor
surrounded by inflammation.
APERITlFy Aperient.
APERITIVUS, Aperient
APERTOR OCULI, Levator palpebr© superi-
oris.
APERTO'RIUM, from aperio, 'I open/ An
instrumont for dilating the os utori during labour.
APERTURA, Mouth— a. Anterior ventriculi
tertii cerebri, Vulva (cerebri) — ^a. Pelvis superior,
lee Pehis.
APEUTIIYSMENOS, Rectum.
APEX, Macro. The point or extremity of a
part : — as the apex of the tonguoi nose, Jbc
Apex Linou.b, Proglossis.
AP1IJ2RESIS, Apheresis, Extirpation.
APUALAXai'ASIS, from a, ' intensive,' and
AaXay^, 'phalanx.' The fourth stage of Oriental
leprosy, which is recognised chiefly by a gangre-
nous condition of the fingers.
APIIASSOM'ENOS, from a^aac^, *1 touch, I
feel.' The touching of the parts of generation
of the female as a means of diagnosis. — Ilippo-
oratcs. Sec Eaaphe.
APIIEDRA, Anns.
APHEDRIA, Menscsk
APHEDROX, Anus.
API! ELI' A, o^tAw, 'simple/ Simplicity.
The simple manners of the sect of Methodists in
teaching and practising medicine.
APllELX'IA, from a^cXicw, * I abstract' Vo-
luntary inactivity of the whole or the greater
part of the external senses to the impressions of
surrounding objects, during wakefulness. Re~
very, (F.) RSrerie. Dr. Good has introduced
this into his Nosology, as well as Aphelx'ia so-
cort or ahtenee of mind — A, inten'ta or ab»trao-
tion of mirui : and A. otio'ga, Stu'dium ina'nif
brown »tudi/ or littlet muting,
APHEPSEMA, Decoction.
APHEPr^IS, Decoction.
APHE'RESIS, AphcB'retit, fW>m a^atpcw, 'I
take away.' An operation by which any part of
the body is separated from t^e other. Hippo-
crates, according to Focsins, uses Uie expression
Aphcc'reftia San'gtiinit for excessive hemorrhage ;
and Senuortufl, to express the condition of an
animal deprived both of the foculties of the mind
and of the mind itself.
APH'ESIS, from a^tvin, 'I relax.' A remis-
sion. This word expresses sometimes the dimi-
nution or cesHation of a disease ; at others, lan-
Ejor and debility of the lower extremities. See
angnor, and Remission.
APIIILAN'TUROPY, Aphilanaro'pia, from a,
privative, ^cAcw, ' I love,' and avSowtrof, * a man.'
Dislike to man. Love of solituae. Vogel has
given this name to the first degree of melancholy.
APHISTESIS, Abscess.
APHODEUMA, Excrement
APHODUiS, Excrement
APHONETUS, Aphonus.
APHO'NIA, Lign'tiolingu/fi, Txtqne'la ahoVxiaf
Defect Uu loque'fa, Difspho'nia, (of some,) Aph'-
<my, (F.) Aphonic, Perte de fa VoiXf from a, pri-
vative, and ^uvijt * voice.' Privation of voice, or
of the sounds tiiat ought to be produced in the
glottis. When aphonia forms part of catarrh or
of 'cold,' it is commonly of but little consequence;
but when produced by causes acting on the ner-
vous system, as by some powerful emotion, or
without any appreciable lesion of the vocal appa-
ratus, (Laryngo'paralynt,) It freqnentlj
all remedies.
Apuonia, Catalepsy — a. Surdoram, Kntitai
Surdorum.
APHONICUS, Aphonus.
APHO'NUS, Apho'nieut, Apko'nehu ; niM
etymon. Relating to aphonia.
APHONY, Aphonia.
APHORIA, Sterilitas. i
APHORICUS, Sterile. '
APHORUS, SterUe.
APHOR'ME, atpofnii, 'occasion/ The exter-
nal and manifest cause of any thing. The ooe»>
sional cause of a disease. — Hippocrates.
APHRO'DES, 'frothy,' from «^p*f, 'foam,'
and uios, 'resemblance.' Applied to the blood
and the excrements. — Hippocrates.
APHRODISIA, Coition, Puberty.
APHRODIS'LVC, Aphrodinacvt, from Aff^
hint, 'Venus.* (F.) Aphrodinaque, Medicine
or food believed to be capable of exciting to the
pleasures of love; as ginger, cantharides, Ae.
They are generally stimulants.
APHR0DISIACU8, Venereal.
APHRODISIASMUS, Coition.
APHRODISIOG'RAPHY, from A^po^iny, 'Ve-
nus,' and ypa^w, 'I describe/ Etymolo^cally,
this term means a description of the pleasures of
love, but it has been placed at the head of a work
describing the venereal disease.
APHROG'ALA, from a^pof, 'foam,' and yrnXm,
' milk.' £ae tpumo'mm, A name formerly giTen
to milk rendered frothy by agitation.
APHRONIA, Apoplexy.
APHRONITRUM. Natnim, Soda.
APHROSYNB, Delirium, Insanity.
APHTHA, AphtcB, Apiha, from avrw, 'I in*
flame.' Thruth or 9ore mouth, Aphtha iattitfti»
men, A, In/an'tum, Lactu'eimen, Lactueim.*inaf ■
AVcoUb, Lactu'mina, Em'phljftit aphtha, Ulcere
terpen'tia oris, Ptu'tula orit, Fehrit aphtko'tOf
Angi'na aphtho*Ki, Vetie'uUB gingiva' rum, jSto-
mnti'tit eac9udati'va, S. venevUo'ta in/an'tum, £lk»«
map'yra, S. aphtha, Prunel'la, White Thmskf
Milk Thrneh. Aphthss consist of roundish, pearl-
coloured vesicles, confined to the lips, moathf
and intestinal canal, and generally terminating
in curd-like sloughs. In France, the Aphtbss of
children, Aphthew dea En/ant, is called Muguetp
Millet, Blanchet, Catarrhe buccal and StomaHt9
crSmenee puttacie, Puhaceou9 infiammaticm of
the Mouth ; and generally receives two divisioni
— the mild or discreet, (F.) Muguet binin ou dis-
cret, and the malignant, (F.) Muguet mnlin tm
confluent, the Black Thruth. Common Thmsh it
a disease of no consequenoe, retuniring merely
the use of absorbent laxatives. The malignant
variety, which is rare, is of a more serious cha-
racter, and is accompanied with typhoid symp-
toms, — Typhue aphthotdeut.
Aphth Ji AnrLTORUv, StomatitiB, aphthone — *.
Praoputii, Herpes pracputii-^a. Serpentes, Cancer
aquations. .
APHTHE OANQRENEUX, Cancer aqnft.
ticus.
APHTHE S DES ENFANS, Aphthas.
APHTHEUX, Aphthous.
APHTHO'DES, Aphthoidea, Aphtholdeut, from
nphthm. and ct5o^ ' resemblance.' Aphthons-likCi
Resembling aphthas.
APH'THOrS, Aphtho'aua, (F.) Aphtheux. Be-
longing to aphthae; complicated with aphthas;
as Aphthous Fever.
APIASTRUM, Melissa.
APICES CRURUM MEDULLJB OBLOlf-
GATiE, Corpora striata — a. Digitorum, Pupola*
APILEPSIA, Apoplexy.
APIONTA, see Excretion.
API08
89
APOLTSIA
API06, Pynu oommimis.
APIS, Bee.
API'TES, from ««•», 'a pear.' Perry.-— Gor-
neas.
APIUMp A. gTATeolens — a. Amm!, Ammi — a.
Ani«uin» Pimpinella anuom — a. Carri^ Gamm.
Apium Or4tbolbn8| Apium Paltula'pium,
Beli'nuMf S*^eli grawolent, Sium graveolent, S»
a'pium, SmaUage, (F.) Ache. Nat, Ord. Um-
bellifene. Sex, SytU Pentandria Digynia. The
plants, roots, and seeds are aperient and carmi-
native. S<Urif is a variety of this.
Avivu HoRTBKSB, A. grareoleos — a. Monta-
sum, Athamanta aureoselinnm — a. Paludapinm,
A. GraToolens— a. Petreeunii Bubon Macedonicum.
Apiom PBTROSBLi'NUiry ^piiMi Horitn'U sea
wdga'rif EUoteli'num (f), vrte/«m, Petroaeli'-
MNM, Common Panleyt (V,) PertiL Tlie root —
Petrotelinum, (Ph. U. S.) — and seeds are diuretic
and aperient.
Apiov Siirif, Siom nodiflomm — a. Vulgare, A.
graveolena.
APLAS'TIC, ApUuUicut, from a, priratiTe,
and pXtftfffw, ' I form.' That which is not capable
of forming ; that which does not serve to form,
or is not organizable.
Aplastic Elbmbkt; one which is unsnscep-
tible of any fiurther amount of organisation. —
Gerber.
APLESTIA, Inglnvies, Intemperance.
APLEU'ROSy from a, privative, and vXni^,
' a rib.' One without ribs. — Hippocrates, Galen.
APLOT'OMY, Aplotrnn'ta, from turXoot, * sim-
ple/ and T€itvi», * I out.' A simple incision.
APNEUSTIA, Apnoea, Asphyxia.
APN(E'A, from a, privative, and tvcm, ' I re-
spire.' Anhyr'iaf Apneiuftia, Absence of re-
tpiration, ICetpira'Ho ahoVUoj or insensible respi-
ration. Also, Orthopnoea.
Apnoea Impaictuv, Asthma Thymicum.
APNCEASPUTXIA, Asphyxia.
APNUS, «ryo»c, same etymon. One devoid of
re«piration. An epithet applied by authors to
eases in which the respiration is so small and
slow, that it seems suspended. — CastellL It is
probable, however, that the word was always ap-
plied to the patient, not to the disease.
APO, a»0, a prefix denoting ' from, o^ ofi^ out.'
Hence —
APOBAMMA, Embarama.
APOBAINON, Eventns.
APOBESOMENOK. Evento*.
AP0BI08IS, Death.
APOBLEMA, Abortion.
APOBOLB, Abortion.
APOBRASMA, Furfur.
APOCAPXISMUS, FumigaUon.
APOCATASTASIS, ConsidenUa, Restanratio.
AP0CATHARSI6, Catharsis.
APOCATHARTICtJS, Cathartic.
AP0CECAULI8MEN0N, Apagma.
APOCENO'SIS, ApoKtno'tia, from avo, 'out,'
and ircvMffif, ' evacuation.' A partial evacuation,
according to some, in opposition to Cenosis, which
tigniAes a general evacuation. — CuUen and Swe-
diaur apply it to morbid fluxes.
Apocrtvobib, Abevacuatio— a. Diabetes melli-
tuB, Diabetes — a. Ptyalismus melUtus, see Saliva-
tion — a. Vomitus pyrosis, Pyrosis.
APOOHOREON, Excrement.
APOCHREMMA, Sputum.
APOCHREMPSIS, Exspuition.
APOCH'TMA, from av9X»«f ' I ponr oul' A
sort of tar, obtained from old shipe, which is im-
pregnated with chloride of sodium. It was used
as a disctttient of tumoun. — AS tins, Paulns,
Gairmu.
APOCfir OOBE-irOUCHE, Apocynum
drossemifolium.
APOCLASMA, Abduction, Apagma.
APOCLfilSIS, Asitia, DisgueU
APOCOPE, from mro, and Kovrttv, 'to cut.'
Abscission. A wound with loss of substance.
Fracture with loss of part of a bone. Amputa-
tion.
APOCOPUS, Castratus.
APOCRISIS, Contagion, Excrement, Becr«>
tion.
APOCROUS'TIC, Apoerout'tica sou ApoeruM*^
tiea, {remed'ia,) frH>m awo, 'out,' and Kfovw* *t
push.' An astringent and repellent. — Galcnns.
APOCRUSTICA, Apocroustic.
APOCYESIS, Parturition.
APOCYNUM ANDReS^MIFO'LIUM.from
avo, and kvcdv, ' a dog,' because esteemed, of old,
to be fatal to dogs. Dog's liane. Bitter Dog*9
Baiitf MiUcteeed, Bitterrootf Honet/blootfif Catch-
Jly, Fltftritpf Ip'teaCf (F.) Apocin gobe-mouche,
A, amer, Nat, Ord. ApocynesB. Sex. Sytt. Pent-
andria Digynia. The root of this plant is found
from Canada to Carolina. Thirty grains evacu-
ate the stomach as effeotually as two-thirds of
the amount of Ipecacuanha, by which name it is
known in various parts of the eastern states. It
is in the secondary list of the Pharmacopoeia of
the United States*
Apoc"n»UM CANirAB'nruM, Indian Hemp. Thit
American plant possesses emetic, cathartic, dia-
phoretic and diuretic properties, and has been
strongly recommended in dropsy. It has been
given in decoction, — ^U of the root boiled in
tiiree pints of water to two. A wine-glassful for •
a dose.
Apocnrox Notjb Anglic HntsxTTirir, Asde-
pias tnberosa — a. Oruige, Asdepias tuberosa — ^a.
Scandens, Allamanda.
APODACRYT'ICUS, JOelachrymatVwty from
av9, 'from,' and ^acpvM, 'I weep. A substance,
supposed to occasion a flow of the tears, and then
to arrest them. — Columella, Pliny, Galenus.
APODEMIALGU, Nostalgia.
APOD'IA, fr^mia, privative, and ireof, 'a foot'
Want of feet; hence Apo«« orApuMf one who has
no feet
APODYTB'RIUM, OmtWe'ri vm, SpoUato'-
ftttm, Spolia^riwnf from avo^irw, 'I strip off.' The
ante-room, where the b^tiiers stripped themselvei
in the ancient gymnasia.
APOGALACTISMUS, Weaning.
APOGALACTOS, Exuber.
APOGEUSIS, Ageustia.
APOGEUSTIA, Ageustia.
APOGLAUCOBIS, Glaucosis.
APOGON, Imberbis.
APOG'ONUM, fi^m av«, and yiM^ai, 'I exist'
A living foetas in utero. — Hippocrates.
APOLEPISIS, Desquamation.
AP0LEPISMU8, Desquamation.
APOLEP'SIS, 4so/«p'ma,ApoV»'> A^m
•roXafi^avw, 'I retain. Retention, suppression.
— Hippocrates. Asphyxia.
APOLEXaS, from avoXiryw, 'I cease.' Old
age, decrepitude.
APOLINO'SIS, from aro, and Xivor, 'a flaxen
thread.' The mode of operating for fistula in
ano, by means of a thread of Homolinon QtLinum
erudum. — Hippocrates, Paulus.
APOLIPSIS, Apolepsis.
AP0LLINARI8 ALTERCUM, Hyoscyamna,
APOLUTICA, Cicatrisantia.
APOLYS'IA, Apol*y$ia, from a iroXi>«, ' I loosen.'
' Solution. Relaxation. Debility of the limbs or
' looseness of bandages. — Erotian. Expulsion of
the fostua and ita dependencies. Termination of
i a disease. — Hippocrates, Galen.
APOMATHEHA
90
APOPLEXIA
APOMATIIE'MA, Apomathe'tU, from no, and
mav^avio, * I Icam/ Forgetfulness of things taaght.
■^Hippocrates,
APOM'ELI, from avo, 'of/ vnd nsXt, 'honey/
An oxyiuel or decoction made of honey. — Qalen,
Aetius, Paiilus, &c.
APOMEXLS, Munctio.
APOMYLE'XAS, from a^otivWatw, 'I make
a wry mouth.' Oue who pushes his lips forwards,
pressing them against each other. Occasionally
A svmptom of nervous fever. — Qalen, Erotian.
APOMYTllO'SIS, from aronvc9ia, *I snore.'
A disease in which there is stortor. — Sauvages,
8agar.
APOMYXIA, Xaaal mncns.
APONEUllOG'RAPHY, Aponeurogra'phta,
from asoievpuxTiif an 'aponeurosis/ and ypa^ii,
'a description.' A description of the Aponou-
foscs.
APONEUROL'OQY, Aponeurolog*'iix, from
anorivpuKTiff 'an aponeurosis.' and Xo^o(, 'a dis-
course.' A]>on€uro«wl'ogy* The anatomy of the
aponeuroi<es.
APOXEUROSIOLOGY, Aponeurology.
APONEURO'SIS, Aponevro'ixa, from avo,
'from/ and vivpov, *a nerve.* Pronerva'tiof J)e-
nerva'tioj Enerca'tio, Expan'tio nervo'ta, (¥,)
AponeurogCf Apon6vro9t, The ancients called
every white part vtv^Vf and regarded the Apo-
neurosis as a nervous expansion. The Aponeu-
roses are white, shining membranes, very resist-
ing, and composed of fibres interlaced. Some
are continuous with the muscular fibres, and differ
only from tendons by their flat form. They are
called Aponcuro»e» of intertion, (F.) AponivrottB
d^inBtrtiorif when they are at the extremities of
muscles, and attach them to the bone ; — Apoiieu-
roaet of interteclionf (F.) AponSvrotet d* inter tee-
Hon, if they interrupt the continuity of the mus-
cle, and are continuous on both sides with mus-
cular fibres. Others surround the muscle, and
prevent its displacement : they are called envelop-
ing Aponeurmtn, (F.) Ajxmfrrotea eTenveloppe.
Aponeurosis, Fascia — a. Crural, Fascia lata —
a. Femoral, Fascia lata — a. Iliac, Fascia iliaca.
APONEUROSI'TIS, from aponevroeia, and
iti; * denoting inflammation.' Inflammation of
an aponeurosis.
APONEUROT'IC, Aponeurot'icue, What re-
lates to Aponeuroses : — thus, we say Aponeurotic
expnntion. Aponeurotic muacle, Jbc.
APONEUROT'OMY, Aponeurotom'ia, from
axovtvpuKTif, ' aponeurosis,' and ri^vta, ' I cut.'
Anatomy of aponeuroses.
Aponeurotomy has, also, been proposed for the
divi^iion, {debridement) of filaments, Jbc, in apo-
neurotic openings, and for the section of fasciss.
APONEVROSE p£dIEUSE, see Pedal
Aponeurosis — a. Superficielle de PAJfdoauu et de
la OiiieeCf Fascia superficialis.
APONEVROSIS, AponenrosiB.
APON'IA, from a, privative, and rovof, 'pain.'
Freedom from pain.
APONIPSIS, Ablution.
APOPALLE'SIS, ApopaVeie, from avoiraXXw,
'I throw off.' Expulsion. Protrusion. — Hippo-
crates. Also, Abortion.
APOPATE'MA, Apop'atKoe, Apop'atw. The
excrement, and the place where it is deposited. —
Piopcorides, Erotian.
AP0PEDASI8, Luxation.
APOPHLEGMATISANS PER NARES, Er-
rhii<e — a. per 0», Sialogogue.
APOPHLEGMATISAN'TIA, Apophlegmati-
mm'ta, Apophleymatie'mi, from an; 'out,' and
^Ary/iri, ' phlegm.' Medicines which facilitate the
Upward expulsion of mucus from the mucous
membrane of the digestive or air passagea; af
gargles, masticaturies, kc.
APOPHLEG'MATISM, ApopJdeiimati^mfiK
The action of Apophlegmatisantia. — Galen.
APOPHLEGMATISMI, Apophlegmatisantia.
APOPH'RADES, from airo^pas, 'unlucky.'
An epithet applied to unlucky days, {die* ne-
fandi.) Days on which a favourable change
is not expected to oocur in a disease. — ^A. Lao-
rentius.
APOPERAXIS, Amenorrhea.
APOPHTHAR'MA, Apoph'thora, from •«•,
and 0^c(pw, ' I corrupt.' Abortion, aa well as a
medicine to procure abortion.
APOPHTHORA, Abortion.
APOPHTHORIUS, Abortive.
APOPHY'ADES, from awo, 'from/ and ^«m,
' I spring.' The ramifications of veins and arte-
ries. — Hippocrates.
APOPHYSE BASILAIRE, Basilary procesa
— a. Enga\nante ou vaginale, Vaginal process —
a. Pyramidale, see Tempond Bone — a. Pitrit,
see Temporal Bone.
APOPHYSES E PINE USES, Spinous pro-
cesses of the vertebras.
APOPH'YSIS, from aire, 'from/ and f ««*, <I
rise,' Ec'phueie, Procee'eue, Appendix, A proeem
of a hon€, Prominen'tia oeeie contin'ucu When
the apophysis is yet separated from the body of
the bone by intervening cartilage, it is oadled
Epiph'yeit, The apophyses or processes are, at
times, distinguished by epithets, expressive of
their form : as A. ttyloid, A. eoracoid, Ac Others
are not preceded by the word apophysis ; as Jro-
ckanter, Tuheroeity, Ac
Apoph'tsis of Inorab'sias is a term applied
to the lesser ala of the sphenoid bone.
Apophysis of Rau, (Jrile apophye^ du i/iar-
teau : see Malleus.
Apophysis Zyoomatica, Zygomatic process.
APOPIES'MA, from awewu^i*, 'I compress.'
Hippocrates uses the term to signify a fanded
expression or forcing out of humours by the
application of bands^es in wounds and frac-
tures.
APOPLANESIS, Error loci.
APOPLECTIC, Apoplec'ticu; Referring to
Apoplexy. This word has various significations.
It is applied, 1. To individuals labouring under
apoplexy : 2. To remedies proper for combating
apoplexy : 3. To the constitution, temperament^
or make, Architectu'ra apoplec'tiea, Hal/UuM
apoplec'ticue, which predisposes to it» and, 4. To
the symptoms which characterise apoplexy; as
Apoplectic eleep, A, etroJce, A. etertor, Ac The
jugular veins have also, by some, been called
Apoplectic veine, Venee apoplec'tic<t»
APOPLECTICUS, Antiapoplectic, Apoplectic
Apoplectic Cell. A cavity remaining in the
encephalon, after the effusion of blood and its
subsequent absorption.
APOPLEXIA, Apoplexy— a. Catalepsia, Cata-
lepsia — a. Cerebralis, see Apoplexy — a. Cerebri,
see Apoplexy — a. Cordis, Hscmocardiorrhaguk—
a. Hydrocephalica, Hydrocephalus intemus— a^
Hepatica, Hepatorrhagia — a. Medullaris, Apo«
plcxia myelitica — a. Meningmay- Apoplexy, me-
ningeal.
APOPLEXIA Myelit'ica; a, MedvlWri; A,
Svina'lie, A. Rachia'li»y Ifamor'rhachia, JUyeloT'
rnug"ia, Myclapoplex'ia, (F.) Apoplexie de la
JUoelU fpiniire, U4morrhagie de la JlotUe fpini-
hre, Hfmato-mydie, Himo-myf.lorrhagie, Hf'mO'
torrkachie. Hemorrhage into the spinal marrow.
APOPLEXIA Nervosa, Apoplexy, nervous — a.
Nervosa traumatica, Concussion of the hnln — a»
! Pituitosa, see Apoplexy — a. Pulmonolis, see Hss^
I moptysis — a. Pulmonum, see Haemoptysis -« a>
APOPLEXIB CAPIILAIRS
01
AP06TSRIGMA
RenaliSi Apoplexy, renal — a. RaehiaUi, A. mye-
titioft — a. Sajsguinea, see Apoplexy — a. SeroBa,
see Apoplexy — a. Simplex, Apoplexy, nerrona —
•. Spasmodica, Apoplexy, nervous — a. Bpinalis,
Apoplexia myelitiea — a. Temulenta, see Temu-
lantia.
APOPLEXIB CAPILLAIRE, MoUides ce-
rebri — a. CiribraU, Apoplexy, Himorrhagia ciri-
hraU.
APOPLEXIB FOUDROTANTE, 'Thun-
dering Apoplexy/ A form of apoplexy, which
If intense and rapidly fataL
APOPLEXIB MENINq£b, Apoplexy, me-
Bingeal — a. Dt la MoiUe Spinx^ra, Apoplexy,
spinal.
AP'OPLEXY, AvopUx^ioy from aTonXnTTtiVf
'to strike with riolenoe.' At the present day,
the term apoplexy is employed by many writers
to signify inUrttitial keimorrhage, (F.) Himor-
rkagie inUrttititUe, or every effusion of blood,
which occnrs suddenly Into the substance of an
organ or tissue. Hence, we speak of cerebral
Apoplexy, pulmooary apoplexy, Ac. Ac For-
merly it was always — and still is by many —
used in a restricted sense, to signify, in other
word«, the train of phenomena, which cha-
racterise cerebral apoplexy. This disease, HtB-
morrka'gia Cer'ebri,Aphro'nia, CanuApoplex'ta,
Coma ApopUj^iOf Apopl^xfia cer^ebri tanguin'eaf
A. c^rehra'lit, Eneepkalorrhag^'ia, San'guintf
iehu, JffiBmattnetph^aluiu, PiUpe^^ia, Sidera'tio,
ApiUp^'iOf Morbut atton*itut, Outta, TheopU'gia,
TheopUx'ia, {¥,) Apoplexttf A, eiribraie, HSma-
MfneephalU, Coup <U 9ang^ is eharaoterixcd by
d^inution, or loss of sensation and mental ma-
nifestation ; by the cessation, more or less com-
plete, of motion ; and by a comatose state,'^cir-
eolation and respiration continuing. It generally
eottsistB in pressure upon the brain ; eiUier from
targetcence of ressels, or from extravasation of
blood : hence the terms ffameneeph'cUwtf ffSmoT'
rhagie eSribnUe, and Hfmoineepnalorrkagief ap-
plied to it by some. The general prognosis is
vn&vourable ; especially when it occurs after the
age of 35. When Apoplexy is accompanied with
a hard, fbll pulse, and Unshed countenance, it is
called Apoplexia tanguin'ea, Oataph'ora ooma ;
when with a feeble pulse and pale countenance,
and evidences of serous effusion, Apoplexia «e-
ro'aoy A. pUuito^taf Serou9 Apoplexy, Uatank'ora
i^dro^pkal'ieaf Bnetpkaloch'yM tni'lU, Hydro-
€epk*alu» aeu'tua ttnum, Hydroineephalorrhfef
(Piorry), MydropUie cSribraU turaigui, JEtydror-
rhagie.
In HervouB Apoplexy, Apoplex'ia nervo'ea sen
tpatmod'ica, A, eimpl^ Simple apoplexy, no le-
ston whatever may oe perceptible on dissection,
•Itiiongh the patient may have died under all the
phenomena that are characterisUo of apoplexy.
Apoplkxt of thb Hsart, Hsmocardior-
rfaagia.
Apoplkxt, MBNnres'ix, Apoplex'ia menin-
gm'a, (F.) ApopUxie wUningie, Hhnorrhagie mi-
ningte. Hemorrhage from the meningM of the
brain or spinal marrow, generally into the great
cavity of the arachnoid.
Apoplexy, Nbrtovs, see Apoplexy — a. Pul-
monary, see Haemoptysis — a. Simple, A. Nervous.
Apoplext, Rekal, Apoplex'ia rena'lie, A
condition of the kidney, characterised by knotty,
irregular, tnbercalated eminences, some of a deep
black colour. Effusion of blood into the sub-
stance of the kidney.
Apoplexy, Serous, see Apoplexy — a. Spinal,
Apoplexia mvelitica.
APOPNKUSIS, Exhalatlo.
APOPNIXIS. Soffooation.
APOPNOB, Exspiratio.
APOPNCEA, Exspiratio.
APOPSYCHIA, Syncope.
APOPTO'SIS, from <iirorfim», 'I fall down.'
A relaxation of bandages. — Erotian.
APORRHOE, Aporrhoea.
APORRHCE'A, Apor*rhoi, Apor'rhyeie, Dejlu'^
vium, from aroppcM, *I flow from.' An emana-
tion, effluvium, contagion. — Moschion. A falliag
off of the hair, according to some.
APORRHYSIS, Aporrhoea.
APOSOEM'MA, Apoecep'ne, from «iro9cifir«.
'I lie down, I direct myself towards.' Afflux of
fluids towards a part. Metastasis. The first
word has been appUed to the excrements. — ^Hip.
pocrates, Oalen.
APOSCENOSIS, Apoeenosis.
APOSCEPARNIS'MUS,i?ea«ciV<io,from an
and nnapvov, * a hatchet.' Wound of the cra-
nium, by a cutting instrument, in which a piece
of the bone has been cut out^ as with a hatchet.
— Gomeus.
AP0SCEP8IS, Aposcemma.
APOS'CHASIS, Apotchat'mue, from anoex^^^t
'I scarify.' Scarifica'tion, A slight superficial
incision in the skio. Also, blood-letting. — Hip-
pocrates.
APOS'IA, Sitie de/ee'tue, from a, privative,
and iron;, ' drink.' Want of thirst, absence of
desire for liquids.
APOSI'TIA, from awe, * from,' and vtroi, 'food.'
Aversion for food. — Galen. See Disgust,
AP0SIT'IC,4ponric««/ the same etymology.
Any substance which destroys the appetite, or
suspends hunger.
APOSPAS'MA, from axon-au, 'I tear or lace-
rate.' (F.) Arraekem€nt, A solution of conti-
nuity, especially of a ligament; Rhegma liga*
menta're, Lacera'tio ligamenta'ria,
APOSPHACEL'ISIS, Apo^hacelis'mve, from
a«0, and ff^axcXof, ' mortification.' Gangrene in
wounds and fractures, owing to the bandages
being too tight — Hippocrates.
APOSPHINX'IS, airo9^iy(if, constriction,
compression. The action of a tight bandage.—
Hippocrates.
APOSPONGIS'MUS, the act of sponging for
any purpose. — Gorrtens.
APOSTALAG'MA, Apoetag'ma, from «re,
' fh>m,' and eroKa^u, * I drop.' The ancient name
for the saccharine liquor which flows from grapes
when not yet pressed.
APOS'TASIS, from axe, and lanmi, 'I stop.'
The ancients had different significations for this
word. It was most commonly used for an ab-
scess. The separation of a fn^^ent of bone by
fracture. Removal of disease by some excre*
tion, Ac.
APOSTAX'IS, fh>m ««ovr»C«, * I distil from.'
Staxie, The deflnxion of any humour, as of
blood from the nose. — Hippocrates.
APOSTE'MA, from ave, * from,' and c«ti7/ii, ' I
settle,' or from a^ierii^i, * I recede from.' This
word is used by the ancients somewhat vaguely.
It meant an affection in which parts, previously
in contact, are separated from each other by a
fluid collected between them. The modems re-
gard it as synonymous with Abeceet, Some, even
of the modems, have applied it to any waiery
tumour, and even to tumours in general.
Apostema Cerebri, Eocephalopyosis — a. Em-
pyema, Empyema — a. Pamlis, Paralis — a. Pha-
langmn, Fourehe — a. Psoaticum, Lumbar abscess^
APOSTERIG'MA, from atoanfpt^,*, *l sup-
port.' Any thing that supports a diseased part^
as a cushion, a pillow, Ac. — Galen. A deep-
seated and inveterate disease of the intestines.-*
Hippocrates.
AP06THIA
92
APPEKDIX
APOS'THIA, Leipoder'miaj from a prirative,
and itoaOtay * prepuce.* Want of prepuce.
APOSTOLO'RUM UNGUENT'UM, Dodeca-
Sthar'macufKy Ointment of the Apostlet, So called,
ecauso as many solid infp'edients entered into
its compositiun as there were apostlce. It con-
tained several resins and gum-resins, yellow wax,
oil, Tiiie;;ar, verdigrii>, Ac, and was formerly em-
ployed as a vulnerary.
APOS'TROPIIE, from oiro, and rrprif^u, 'I
turn/ An aversion or disgust for food. — Paulus.
Also, the direction of humours towards other parts.
APOSYRMA, Abrasion, Desquamation.
APOTELES'MA, from aro, and ri^tcfta, 'com-
pletion.* The result or termination of a disease.
See, &ho, Amulctum.
APOTIIANASIA, see Death.
AP0TliE'CA,/^Aarwiace'Mi«,/»A«rmacopo7>Mm,
ftrom oJTo, and nOnfit, * to place.* Any place where
things are kept, and therefore ' a shop,* and par-
ticularly a wine cellar. A place or vessel wherein
medicines nro kept See Pharmacopolium.
APOTHECARIES* UALL. The Hall of the
Corporation or Society of Apothecaries of Lon-
don, where medicines are prepared and sold
under their direction, Ao. This Company ob-
tained a charter of incorporation in the 15th year
of James the Firrtt, No general pi"iictitioner can
establish himself in England or Wales, without
having obtained a license from the Court of Ex-
aminers of the Company.
APOTII'ECARY, Apotheca'rtut, Bigperua'tor,
Phannnropo'la, Puftnenta'riua, Pharmacopot'u*,
Pharma* cdMf Pharmaceu'taj Bhttot'otntUf My-
ropo'lesy Myropo'luty Pharmaclerf Pharmaeur*'
gtetu, Pharmaeur'jiUf PJiarmaceu'titty same deri-
ration, (F.) Apotkicairef Pharmaeienf Pharma-
eopoU. In every country except Great Britain,
It means one who sells drugs, makes up prescrip-
tions, Ac. In addition to these offides, which,
indeed, they rarely exercise, except in the case
of their own patients, the Apothecaries in Eng-
land form a privileged class of practitioners — a
kind of sub-physician.
APOTUERAPEI'A, Apothenzpi'a, Apothera-
peu*BUy from airo^epairevw, (aro and Orpaircvw,) 'I
eore.* A perfect cure. — Hippoc. In the ancient
Gymnastics, it meant the last part of the exer-
cises : — the friction, inunction, and bathing, for
the purpose of obviating fatigue, or curing dis-
ease. — Galen, Gorrueus.
APOTHERAPEUSIS, Apotherapcia.
APOTIIER'MUM, from aito, and ^«p/iiy, 'heat'
A pickle made of mustard, oil, and vinegar. —
Galen.
APOTH'ESIS, from awon^in, 'I replace.'
The position proper to be given to a fractured
limb, after reduction.
APOTHWAIRE, Apothecary.
APOTHWAIRERIE, (P.) from aro^itiy, 'a
warehouse, shop.' The same as ApoUiecaj also,
A gallipot
APOTHLIM'MA, from a«9, and 5Xi^», 'I
press from.' Anciently, the dregs, and some-
times the expressed juice, Sucetu cxpret'tiM, of
plants. — Q orroeus.
APOTHRAU'SIS, from o»o5pau«, <I break.'
Xraeture of a bone, with spicula remaining. Ex-
traction of a spiculum of bone. — Gorrsous. Also,
Abscif(i«ion.
APOTILMOS, Evulsion.
APOT'OKOS, from aro, and nrrw, 'I bring
forth.' An abortive foetus. — Uippocrates.
APOTOME, AmputaUon.
APOTOMIA, Amputation.
APOTROP^UM, Amuletum.
APOTROPE, Aversion. Also, deyiatlon—as
j/ A Jhnh—J^arai'ropi,
APOXTSMUS, Abrasion.
APOZEM, Decoction.
AP0ZE8IS, Decoction.
APPARA'TUS, Para9ctu% from ad and mi.
rartf * to prepare.' This word signifies a colleo*
tion of in&trumcnts, Ac, for any operation what-
ever. (F.) ApjpareiU
In surgery, it means the methodical arrange-
ment of all the instruments and objects necessary
fur an operation or dressing. By extension, the
French give the name Apparetlf Cap*a chirur'»
gic<if to the case or drawers in which the appara-
tus is arranged.
Apparatus has likewise been applied to the
different modes of operating for the stone. — See
Lithotomy.
In Phjfiiology, Apparatus (Appareil) ifl ap-
plied to a collection of organs, all of which work
towards the same end. A tytern of organs com-
prehends all those formed of a similar textnreu
An apparatus often comprehends organs of rerj
different nature. In the /ortner, there is analogy
of structure ; in the latter, analogy of fiinoUon.
Apparatus Altus, see Lithotomy.
Apparatus Ijcnoy'able, (F.) Appareil tmnio-
bile. Immovable Bandage, Permanent Bandage,
An apparatus for fhictures, which is generally
formed by wetting the bandages in some sub-
stance, as starch or dextrin, which becomes solid,
and retains the parts in situ.
Apparatus Lateralis, see Lithotomy — a»
Major, see Lithotomy — a. Minor, see Lithotomy.
APPAREIL, Apparatus, Bottier — a. Grand,
see Lithotomy — a. JIaut, see Lithotomy — a. /m-
mobiU, Apparatus, immovable — a. Latin^isi, see
Lithotomy — a. Petit, see Lithotomy — a. Pi^-
mental, Pigmental apparatus.
APPAREILS DE FORMATION, (P.) GaU
admits, in the brain, two kinds of fibres; the
one, divergent, proceeding from the cerebral pe-
duncles to the convolutions, and constituting
what he calls appareils de formation : the other,
convergent, and proceeding from the conrolntioni
to the centre of the organ, constituting what he
calls appareils de riunion. The /irst, as a whole^
form the organs of the mental faculties : the latter
are commissures, which unite parte of the organ
that are double and in pairs.
APPAUVRI, Impoverished.
APPENDIOE, Appendix— a. Caeal, Appen*
dix vermiformis oseci — a. Digital, Appendix rer*
miformis csoci — a. Sous-stemale, Xiphoid carti-
lage — a. Sus-sphenoidale du eerveau, Pituitary
gland — a. Xiphotde, Xiphoid cartilage.
Appendices Coli Adipose, Appendiculas epi*
ploicse — Epipldiques, Appendiculfle epiploicsB.
APPENDICULA CEREBRI, Pituitary ghind
— a. Vermiformis casci, see Appendix — a. Epi
ploioa. Epiploic appendage.
APPENDIC'ULJS PINGUEDIN0'8^,^jMy-
loie appendages, Appendic'ula Epiplo'iciBf Ap»
pen' dices coli adipo'sa, Omen' tula, (F.) Apptf^
dices Epipldiques, Prolongations of the peri-
toneum beyond the surface of the great intestine,
which are analagous in texture and arrangemeni
to omenta.
APPEN'DIX, Epiph'vsis, from appendere, (ad
End pendere, *to hang,') *to hang from.' Any
part that adheres to an organ or is continnoai
with it : — seeming as if added to it An append*
age; an apophysis, (F.) Appendice, Annexe,
Appendix AuRictrLJS, see Auricles of the
Heart
Appendix Cerebri, Pituitary gland — a. ad
Cerebrum, Cerebellum — a. Cutanea Septi Narium,
Statica Sopti Narium — a. to the Epididymis, Vaft>
culum aberrans — a. Ventriculi, Duodenum.
Appendix Yerkifob'kis, Appendiefula F«r-
iPPSHSIO
»S
AQUA
piyatfAddttaiMn'tum Ool\,Apptn'dix (74B'ct,(F.)
Appendice vtrmiforwae. A, eacal on digitaL. A
Tvrmicalar prooess, the rise of % gooBe-quill,
wMeh hangs from the intestine oaBCom. Its funo>
tions are unknown.
APPEXSIO, see Analeptia.
AP'PETENCB, Appettn'tia, from appeUre, (ad
mnd petere,) 'to desire.' An ardent^ passionate
denre for any object.
APPETITy PERTS Ut, Anorexia. I
AP'PBTITB, AppelV^vMt Appttmt'tia, AmpeW-
Hoi {ad and peiere,) * to seek, Cupi'do, Orea/u,
Ormi : same etymology as the last An internal
sensation, which warns ns of the necessity of ex-
erting certain functions, espeeially those of diges-
tion and generaUon. In the latter case it is called
««Merea2 appetite f (F.) AppeHt vinirien: in the
former, simply appetite, (F.) Appetit ou Appeti-
Hon, If the desire for food, oeoasioned by a real
want» be carried to a certain extent, it is called
Xunger, when solid food is concerned ; tkirety when
liqoid. Appetite and kvmger ought not, how-
erer, to be employed synonymously: they are
different degrees of Uie same want. Hunger is
an imperious desire : it cannot be provoke^ like
the appetite. It is always allayed by eating : but
not so the appetite ; for, at times, it may be ex-
cited in this manner. They are very generally,
liowerer, used synonymously.
Appstitb, MoBBin, Limosis.
Ap'pstitb, yBUB'BBAL, Venereal desire, (F.)
Le gSnfeiquef Amour phyeique. The instinctive
feeling that attracts the sexes towards each other
to effect the work of reproduction.
APPETITUS CANINUS, Bonlimia— a. Defi-
fltsns, Dysorexia.
APPLE, ADAM'S, Pomum Adami—a. Bitter,
Cuenmis colocynihis — a. Curassoa, Aurantinm
ennssaTentinm — a. Eye, see Melon — a. May,
Podophyllum peltatum — a. Root, Euphorbia co-
xoUata.
Applb Tba, Apple water. Slice two large, not
over-ripe applet, and pour orer a pint of boiling
Afler an hour, pour off the fluid, and, if
r, sweeten with sugar.
Apple Tbeb, Pyms mains.
APPLICA'TA, from applieare, (fidmdpUeare,
'to fold,') < to apply.' A word, nnnecessarily in-
troduced into medical language, to express the
objects which are applied immediately to the snr-
faM of the body, as olothesy cosmetics, baths, Ae.
^Hall6.
APPLICA'TION, Applxta'txo, (same etymon,)
in a moral signifleaUon, is synonymous with At-
tention. Also, the act of applying one thing to
another ; as the application of an apparatus, of
« bandage, blister, Ac
APPRBHEN'810, from ad and prehendere,
'to take.' This word is employed in various
senses. It means catalepsy or catoche. — Paul
Zacohias. A kind of bandage tor securing any
part. Also, a therapeutical indication.
APPROCHE, Coition.
APPROXIMA'TION, Approximaftio, from ad
and proximtMt 'nearest' JBttmnller gave this
name to a pretended method of oaring disease,
by making it pass from man into some animal or
vegetable, by the aid of immediate contact.
APRAC'TA, from a, priv., and vpavrw, ' I act'
Without action. An epithet for the parts of ge-
neration, when unfit for copulation or generation.
APRICATIO, Insolation.
APRICOT, Pmnus ArmeniMa.
APROCTUS, see Atretns.
APROSO'PIA, TrioeepkaTta, from e, priv.,
•nd v/Mtfurov, ' the face.' A Bialformation« which
eoofists in the iaee being defieient
APR080PT7S, Microprosopns.
APSINTHIA'TUM, from a^i^i^uv, 'worm-
wood.' A sort of drink made of wormwcod.
— A^'tins.
APSINTHITES, Abshithites.
APSYCHIA, Syncope.
APSYXIA, Syncope.
APTHiE, Aphtha.
APTYS'TOS, from a, priv., and mm, 'I spit
Devoid of expectoration. An epithet given te
certain pleurisies, in which there is no expectora-
tion. — Hippocrates.
APUS, see Apodia.
APY'ETOS, from a, priv., and irvov, 'pus.' An
external affection, which does not end in suppu-
ration.
^/>r/gt7^, Apyos.
AP'YOS, from a, priv., and mov, 'pns,' (F.)
Apyique, That which does not afford pus.
APYRECTIC, Apyretac.
APYREXOMELE, Apyromele.
APYRET'IC, Apyrelfieut, ApyretfH^, Apyree^
titue, Apyr'etua, crom «, priv., and wp, ' fire,
fever.' Without fever. This epithet is given to
days in which there is no paroxysm of a disease,
as in the case of an intermittent, as well as to
some local affections which do not induce fever.
Urticaria is sometimes called an apyretie eaoan"
them.
APYREX'IA. The same etymology. Absence
of fever; Dialem'ma, DiaUip^eie, Dialip'eie,
Tempue intercakt'ri, Interva^lum, Intermie^rio,
Apyrexia is the condition of an intermittent
fever between tiie paroxysms: the duration of
the apyrexia, consequently, depends on the type
of the intermittent Oocasionally, the term has
been applied to the cessation of Uie febrile con-
dition in acute diseases.
APYROME'LB, Apyrencme'li, flrom a, priv.,
m^v, 'a nut,' and /ivXij, 'a sound.' A sound or
probe, without a button or nut It is the Melo'ti$,
S^teeiVlum awrieula'rium or Auricular eound of
Galen.
AQUA, Urine, Water — a. Aeidi carbonic!.
Acidulous water — a. Acidula hydrosulphuratay
Naples water (factitious) — a. Aeris fixi. Acidu-
lous water (simple) — a. Alkalina oxymuriatica,
Eau de Javelle — a. Aluminis compositus, Liquor,
a. e.— 4k Aluminosa Bateana, Liq. aluminis como
positus — a. AmmonisB, Liquor ammonisB — ^a. Ace-
tatis ammonlse. Liquor ammonisd acetatis — a.
AmmonisB earbonatis. Liquor ammonias subcsr-
bonatis — a. Ammoniss oansticay Liquor ammonlss
— a. Amnii, Liquor Amnii.
Aqua AvTGDALA'nnif Covceittra'ta, (F.)
Eau eTAmandee amiree, Water of hitter almonde.
Made by bruising well two pounds of bitter aU
numde; adding, whilst triturating, ten pounds
of epring wafer, and four pounds of alcohol; let-
ting the mixture rest in a well-closed vessel, and
then distilling two pounds. Used instead of the
Aqua Lauroeerasi, and the Hydrocyanic acid.
An Aqua omy^daltB ama'rm, Bitter Almond
water, has been introduced into the last edition
of the Ph. U. S., 1851, {OL amyydal, amar,
n^xvj. ; Magnet, Oarhon, 33< ; Aqua Oij.)
Aqua Ahisi Fortib, Spiritns anisi — a. Aquis-
mnensis, see Aix-la-Chapelle — a. Auditorial
Cotunnius, Liquor of—*. Anrantii, see Citrus au-
rantinm — a. Acottca oxygenata. Aqua nitrogenii
protoxydi — a. Balsamiea artorialis. Aqua Bi-
nellii— «. Bareginensis, Bareges water — a. Barytss
Muriatis, see Baryta, muriate of— a. Bellilucanay
B^laruc waters — a. Benedicta, Liquor calcis — a.
Benediota composita. Liquor ealcis compositus—
a. Benedieta Rulandi, Vinum antimonil tartar!-
satL
Aqva Bm'uii, Ae^iMi Bi^Ui* A. MmUerom^,
AQVM ACIBULA
94
AQUJEDUCIUS
Aqua BafjHxm'iea arteria'lU, (F.) Eav de Binellif
Eaude Monteroni, A celebrated Italian hasmo-
•tatic, invented by one BinellL Ita composition
is unknown, but its virtues have been ascribed to
orcasiote ; although there is reason for believing
it to possess no more activity than cold water.
Aqca BROCcniK'Rii, Aequa Brocckieri, Broe-
chieri water, (F.) Eau de Brocchieri, Eau ttyp-
tique de Brocchieri, A supposed styptic, which
made much noise at Paris at one time. It Is de-
void of efficacy. Dr. Paris found nothing in it
but wat«r perfumed by some vegetable essence.
Aqua Borvonensis, Bourbonne-les-Bains, mi-
neral waters of — a. Bristoliensis, Bristol water —
a. Colcariee ustas. Liquor caloifl — a. CalciB, Liquor
calcis — a. Calcis composita, Liquor calcis eompo-
situs — a. Camphorce, Mistura camphorss — a.
Camphorata, Bates's, see Cupri sulphas — a. Car-
bonatis sodee acidula, Acidulous water, simple —
a. Catapultarum, Arquelnucuie, eau cf — a. Chlo-
rini, see Chlorine.
Aqua Cinnaho'vi, Cinnamon Water. BistUled
water of Cinnamon Bark. Prepared also in the
following manner. 01. Cinnam, f^^s; Magnet,
Carbon. 3J ; Aq, dettillat. OiJ. Rub the oil and
carbonate of magnesia ; add the water gradually,
and filter. (Ph. U. S.)
Aqua Cinnamomi Fortis, Spiritns Cinnamomi
>-a. Colcestrensis, Colchester, mineral waters o£
Aqua Colora'ta, ' coloured water.' A name
^ven to a prescripUon in which simple coloured
water is contained. Used in hospital cases, more
especially, where a placebo is demanded.
Aqua Cupri Ammoniata, Liquor c a. — a. Ca-
pri vitriolati oomposita, Liquor cupri sulphatis
oomposito — a. inter Cutem, Anasarca — a. Destil-
lata, Water, distilled — a. Florum aurantii, see
Citrus aurantium — a. Fluviatilis, Water, river.
Aqua F(ENIc'uli, Fennel water. The diBtilled
water of fennel seed. It may be prepared aUo
like the aqua cinnamomL
Aqua Foktaita, Water, spring — a. Fortis, Nir
trie acid — a. Ilepatica, HydrosiSphuretted water
— a, Ilordeata, Decoctnm hordei — a. Imbrium,
Water, rain — a. Inbercus, Anasarca — a. Inter
Cutem, Anasarca — a. Juniperi composita, Spiritus
Juniper! compositns — a. Kali, Liquor potasssB
tfubcarbonatis — a. Kali caustici, Liquor potassss
—a. Kali pncparati, Liquor potassse subcarbon-
atis — a. Kali puri. Liquor potassec — a. Kali sub-
carbon atis, Liquor potassas subcarbonatis — a. La>
byrinthi, Cotunnius, liquor of — a. Lactis, 8eram
lactis — a. ex Lacu, Water, lake — a. Lithargyri
acetati composita, Liquor plumbi subacet^is di-
lutus — a. Luoia>, Spiritus ammonisB succinatus —
a. Marina, Water, sea — a. Medicate, Water, mi-
neral.
Aqua Mkitth js Piperi'tje, Peppermint Water.
The diiitilled water of peppermint. It may be
prepared like the aqua cinnamomi.
Aqua MsNTHiB Piperitidis Spirituoba, Spi-
ritus menthsB piperitae — a. MenthsB viridis. Spear-
mint water; see Aquse mentha) piperit«e — a. Men-
thse vulgaris spirituosa, Spiritus mentha» viridis —
— a. Mineralis, Water, mineral — a. Mirabilis, Spi-
ritus pimentoD — a. Mulsa, Hydromeli — a. Natri
Oxmyuriatici, Liquor sodas chlorinatae — a. Nea-
politana, Naples water, (factitious) — a. Nephrit-
ica, Spiritus myristica.
Aqua Nitroobx'u Protox'tdi, Protox'ide
of Ni'trogen Water, Aqua azofiea oxygena'tOf
SearU*M patent oxgg"enoue airated water, A psi-
tent solution of protoxide of nitrogen, said to
contain five times its own bulk of gas. It has
been recommended as a nervine, and excitant in
nervous conditions, dyspepsia, Ac It has also
been used in cholera, and to counteract the evil
fonieqaenoei of dninkennets. The dose is f JtJ,
or §viii, two or three times a day; or, in djB»
pepsia, as a beverage between meals.
Aqua Nivata, Water, snow — a. Nucis mosehft-
taB, Spiritus myristicas — a. Ophthalmiea, Liquor
line! sulphatis cum camphori — a. Paludosa,
Water, marsh — a. Pedum, Urine — a. Pericardiif
see Pericardium — a. Picea, see Finns sylvestris
— a. Picis, see Pinus sylvestris — a. Plnvialis,
Water, rain — a. PotasssB, Liquor potasMS — a.
Pulegii spirituosa, Spiritus pulegii — a. Putealis»
Water, well — a. ex Puteo, Water, well — a. Rabelliy
Elixir acidnm Halleri — a. Raphani eompoaita,
Spiritus armoracisd compositus — ^a. Regia, Nitro-
muriatic acid.
Aqua Ros^ Bote Water, Bhodottag'ma^
{Bo9, centi/oL fi>vi\j : Aqua cong. i[j. M. Distil «
gaUon— Ph. U. S.)
Aqua Salubris, Water, mineral — a. Bapph*-
rina, Liquor cupri ammoniata — a. Sataml» Li-
quor plumbi subacetatis dilutus — a. Selopetaria,
Arquebutade eau (T — a. Seminum anisi comp<^
8itl^ Spiritus anisi — a. Seminum carui foiiii^
Spiritus carui — a. Sodao effervescens, Acidnloni
water, simple — a. Soteria, Water, mineral — a.
Stygia, Nitro-muriatio acid — a. Styptica, Liqaor
cupri sulphatis composita — a. Sulphurata sim-
plex, Hydrosulpharetted water — a. Sulphnreti
ammoniae. Liquor fumans Boylii — a. ThedianSy
ArqucbutaeU eau <f — a. Theriacalis Besoardicay
Chylostagma diaphoreticum Mindercri — a. To-
fana, Liquor arsenicalis — a. Tosti panis. Toast
water — a. Traumatica Thedenii, ArquebuHuU eau
d^ — a. Vegeto-mineralis, Liquor plumbi subace-
tatis dilutus — a. Yiciensis, Vichy water — a. Vl-
triolica camphorata. Liquor xinoi sulphatis onm
camphord. — a. Vitriolica cserulea, Solutio sulpha-
tis cupri composita — a. Vulneraria, Arquebmadm
eau cT — a. Zind vitriolati cum camphoi^ LLquor
sinci sulphatis cum camphoriU
AQU^ ACIDULiG, Acidulous waters — a.
Badiguse, Bath, Mineral waters of — a. BadiuSy
Bath, Mineral waters of — a. Bathonias, BatJby
Mineral waters of— a. Buxtonienses, Buxton, Mi-
neral waters of — a. Cantuarienses, Canterbuiyy
waters of— a. Chalybcatas, Waters, mineral, cha-
lybeate.
Aqujb Destilla't^, DittilUd Water; Hydro-
la'ta, (F.) HudrolaU, These are made by pat-
ting vegetable substances, as roses, mint, penny-
royal, ^0., into a still with water, and drawing
off as much as is found to possess the aromatic
properties of the plant To every gallon of the
distilled water, 5 oz. of spirit should be added to
preserve it. The eimple dietiUed toatere are some-
times called Aqu4B 9tillatii"ici eim'plicee: the «pi-
rituouMf Aqua etillaiit^'ia tpirituo'ta, but more
commonly Spir'itut.
AQUiE Martiales, Waters, mineral, chalybe-
ate — a. Metus, Hydrophobia — a. Minerales aei-
dulas. Waters, mineral, gaseous — a. Minerales
fermginosae. Waters, mineral, chalybeate — a. Mi-
nerales sulphureas, Waters, mineral, sulphureous
— a. Stillatitias, Aquas destillatae — a. Soils, Bathy
mineral waters of.
AQU^DUC'TUS, Aq'ueduct, from aqua 'wa-
ter,' and ducere, duetum, * to lead.' (F.) Aque-
due. Properly, a canal for conducting water
from one place to another. Anatomists have
used it to designate certain canals.
Aqujeductus Cerebri, Infbndibulum of the
bnun — a. Cotunnii, Aquasductus veatibulL
Aqujsduc'tus Coch'le^ {'F.)Aqueduedu Li-'
moQon; — a very narrow canal, which proceeds
from the tympanic scala of the cochlea to the
posterior edge of the pare petroea.
Aqujeduc'tus Fallo'pii, Canal epiroide de
Foe temporal of Chanssier, (F.) Aquedue de F%U
lope, A canal in the pars petrosa of the tempo*
AQXJALICXJLITS
95
ARAGHlTOn) CANAL
ml V>ii6» wbicli extends from the meatns mdito-
rins intemas to the foramen stylo-mastoideam,
and giTca passage to the facial nenre. The
opening into this aqnednot is called Hia'iut I^al-
U»'pi%.
AquiBDUc'TiTS Stl'th, OanaHii eminen'tuB
quadrigem'ina, (F.) Aquedue de Sylvius, Iter ad
quartum ventrie'ulum, Cana'lia me'aitUf Cfanal in-
Un»6diare dtt ventrictdeM of Ghaussier. A canal
forming a communication between the third and
fourth ventricles of the brain.
Aqdjeditc'tus Yestib'uli, Aqrugductu9 Cfotun'-
mi. Canal of Cotun'Hi%t9, {F.) Aquedue du vettibule
on Aquedue de Ootugno. This begins in the tos-
tibule, near the common orifice of the two eemi-
mrcular canids, and opens at the posterior surface
of the pare petro^a,
AQUALIC'ULUS, from aqualie, 'a water-pot.'
That part of the abdomen which extends from
the umbilicus to the pubes. See Hypogastrium.
It has also been applied to the stomach or intes-
tinal canal.
AQUAS'TEB. A word used, bj Paracelsus,
to express the Tisions or halluoinations of pa-
tients.
A Q UED UGf Aqueduct^-a. de Cotugno—k^vLt6-
dnctus TestibuU — a. de Fallope, Aqusednctus Fol-
lopii — a, du LimaQon, Aquaeductus cochlesB — a.
de SylviuMf Aqufeductus Sylvii — a. du Vestibule,
AquiDductus Tcstibuli.
AQUEDUCT, AqusD ductus.
A'QUEOUS, A'queue, Aquo^nu, ffydnto^dee.
Hydro' dee, from aqua, 'water,' (F.) Aqueuxj
Watery. The absorbents or lymphatics are
sometimes called, in France, Conduite ou Ca-
naux aqueux.
Aqukous Hcvour or the Etb, ITumor aqu</-
mUf Albttgtn*e€nu humour, Ooei'dea, Oo'dee, Hy-
datoVdetf Jlydato'dee, Ova'tua sen Ovifor'mie
humor t (F.) Humeur aqueuee. The limpid fluid
which fills the two chambers of the eye, from the
cornea to the crystalline, and which is, conse-
quently, in contact with the two surfaces of the
iris. Quantity, 6 or 6 grains : s. g. 1.0003. It
contains albumen, chloride of sodium, and phos-
phate of lime in small quantity; and is enveloped
m a fine membrane: — the membrane o/the aqueoue
humourf Tunica propria sen VagVna humo'ris
a'quei sen Membra' na Demuria'na sen Deeee-
me^ii, Membrane of Demourt or of Deeeemet; al-
though these last terms are by some appropri-
ated to a third layer of the cornea.
AQUEUS, Aqueous.
AQUIDUGA, Hydragogues.
AQUIFOLIUM, Bex aqnifoUum— a. Folfis
deciduis, Prinos.
AQUILA, Hydrargyri submurias, Sulphur.
The alchymists used this word for sublimed
sal ammoniac, precipitated mercury, arsenic, sul-
phur, and the philosopher's stone. Bee Hydrar-
gyri Submurias, and Sulphur.
Aq'uila Goelbst'is ; a sort of paaaoea, of which
mercury was a constituent.
Aq'uila Lach'ryx jb ; a liquor prepared from
several ingredients, especially from calomel.
AQ'nii.A pRiLOSOPHo'Rinf. The alchymists,
whose terms were always mysterious, called mer-
cury thus, when reduced to its original form.
Aq'uila Ve5'eris; an ancient preparation,
made by subliming verdigris and sal ammoniac.
AQUILA VElfjB, Temporal veins.
AQUILB'GIA, A. vulga'rte. A, evlvee'trie ten
Alpi*na, Common Colombine or CoJumbinef (F.)
An&>lie. The seeds, herb, and flowers were for-
merly used in jaundice and cutaneous diseases.
They are still retained in many of the Pharma-
copcBlas of continental Europe.
Aqotlxoia AiirnrA, AquUesia.
AqciLsgu GaxadiuisiSi Wild Columbine U
indigenous, and flowers in April and June. Tht
seeds are said to be tonic.
Aqitileoia Syltesteib, Aquilegia — a. Ynl*
garis, Aquilegia.
AQUO-CAPSULITIS, Aquo-membranitis.
AQUO-MBMBRANFTIS, Keratolri'titf, Aquo*
capeuli'tie. Inflammation of the anterior cham-
ber of the eye. A badly compounded term, de-
noting inflammation of the capsule or membrane
of the aqueous humour.
AQUULA, Geratocele, Hydatid, Hydroa — a.
Acustioa, Gotunnius, liquor of
Aqitula sen AgtiA Morgagnti. The minute
portion of water which escapes when an opening
is mode into the capsule of the crystalline.
ARA PARVA, a small altar; — a kind of band-
age invented by Bostratus, which represents the
comers of an altar. — Oalen.
AR'ABE ; a wound, a blow. — Erotian.
ARAB'IGA ANTID'OTUS HEPAT'IGA, Ar'.
abic Hepatic An'tidote, A powder composed of
myrrh, costus, white pepper, Ac, It was admi-
nistered in new wine.
ARAB'IGUS LAPIS. A sort of white marble,
analogous to alabaster, found in Arabia. It was
regarded as absorbent and desiceative, and wal
employed in hemorrhoids.
ARAB IS BARB AREA, Erysimum barbarea.
AR'ABIS MALAO'MA. An antiscrofulou.
medicine, composed of myrrh, olibanum, wax
sal ammoniac, iron pyrites, Ac. — Celsus.
AR'ABS, MEDICINE OF THE. The Aro-
bians kept the torch of medical science illumi-
nated during a dark period of the middle ages.
Before the year of the Hegira, they had Bohools
of medicine; but these were most flourishing
during the 10th, 11th, and 12th centuries. The
chief additions made by them to medical scienec
were in the departments of pharmacy and in the
description of diseases. Their principal writers
were Avicenna, Serapion, Averrhoes, Hali Abbas,
Moses Maimonides, Avenzoar, Rhazes, Albuca-
sis, Ac.
ARACAGHA, Gonium moschatum.
ARAGHIS AFRIGANA, A. hypogea^-a. Ame-
ricana, A. Hypogea.
Ar'achis Htpoqb'a, a. Ameriea'na, A. Afri^
ea'tta, Araehni'da hypogea, Ground nut, Pea nut.
Earth almond, (8.) Mane; erroneously called
Pietaehio nut, in the South ; Pindare of the West
Indies. Cultivated in the Southern States. The
seeds are oily, and are eaten. A kind of inferior
chocolate may be made of them.
ARACH'NE, a^x^f '• spider,' 'a cobweb.*
Hence —
ARAGHNIDA HYPOGEA, Arachis hypogea.
ARACHNI'TIS, Araehnoidi'tie, Arachnodei'^
tie, Infiammation of the Arachnoid, A variety
of phrenitis.
ARACHNODBITIS, Arachnitis.
ARACHNOID CANAL, see Canal, arachnoid.
ARACHKoin or the Eye. The lining mem-
brane of a cavity, supposed by some to exist be-
tween the sderotio and choroid.
Aracr'roid Mevbranb, Meninx Me'dia^
AraehncHdeue, Araehno'dee, from apa;i^vi;, ' a cob-
web,' and sioof, 'form, resemblance;' Tu'niea
ara'nea, Araohno'dee, T, cryetaVlina, Menin'"
gion, A name given to several membranes,
which, by their extreme thinness, resemble spi-
der-webs. — Celsus and Galen called thus Uie
membrane of the vitreous humour, — the tnniea
hyaloidea. The modems use it now for one of
the membranes of the brain, situate between the
dura mater and pia mater. It is a serous mem-
brane, and composed uf two layers ; the external
being confounded, in the greater part of its extent^
with the dura mater, and, like it, lining the inte-
rior of the craniiun and spinal canal; the oik^F
AQUM ACIBULA
9i
AQUJIDUCTUS
Aqua Ba?sam*tea arteria'lis, (F.) Eau de Binelli,
Eau de Monteroni, A celebrated Italian haBmo-
•tatic, inventod by one BinellL lU composition
is unknown, bat its virtues have been ascribed to
oreasote ; al though there is reason for believing
it to possess no more activity than cold water.
Aqua BROCCiiiK'nlii, Aequa Brocchieri, Broc-
chieri water, (F.) Eau de Brocekierif Eau ttyp-
tique de Brocchieri, A supposed styptic, which
made much noise at Paris at one time. It is de-
void of efficacy. Dr. Paris found nothing in it
but water perfumed by some vegetable essence.
Aqua Borvonensis, Bourbonne-les-Bsdns, mi-
neral waters of — a. Bristoliensis, Bristol water —
a. Calearia) ustas. Liquor calois — a. Calcis, Liquor
calcis — a. Calcis composita. Liquor calcis compo-
situs — a. Camphorse, Mistura camphorsB — a.
Camphorata, Bates's, see Gupri sulphas — a. Car-
bonatis sodso acidula. Acidulous water, simple —
a. Catapultamm, Arquehuaade, eau cf — a. Chlo-
rini, see Chlorine.
Aqua Cinxaxo'vi, Cinnamfm Water. Distilled
water of Cinnamon Bark. Prepared also in the
following manner. 01. Cinnam. i^w, Magnet.
Carhon. 3J ; Aq. deetiUat. Oij. Rub the oil and
carbonate of magnesia ; add the water gradually,
and filter. (Ph. U. 8.)
Aqua Cinitamoxi Fortis, Spiritus Cinnamomi
>-a. Colcestrensis, Colchester, mineral waters of.
Aqua Colora'ta, ' coloured water.' A name
^ven to a prescription in which simple coloured
water is contained. Used in hospital cases, more
especially, where a placebo is demanded.
Aqua Cupri Amxoniata, Liquor c a. — a. Ca-
pri vitriolati composita^ Liquor cupri sulphatis
eomposita — a. inter Cutem, Anasarca — a. Destil-
lata, Water, distilled — a. Florum aurantii, see
Citnis aurantium — a. Fluviatilis, Water, river.
Aqua F(ENIc'uli, Fennel water. The distilled
water of fennel seed. It may be prepared aUo
like the aqua cinnamomL
Aqua Font an a, Water, spring — a. Fortis, Nir
trio acid — a. Hepatica, Hydrosulphuretted water
— a. Unrdeata, Decoctum hordei — a. Imbrium,
Water, rain — a. Intercus, Anasarca — a. Inter
Cutem, Anasarca — a. Juniperi composita, Spiritus
Juniperi compositus — a. Kali, Liquor potasssB
tfubcarbonatis — a. Kali caustici, Liquor potassse
— a. Kali praeparati, Liquor potassse subcarbon-
atis — a. Kali pari. Liquor potassse — a. Kali snb-
carbonatis. Liquor potassse subcarbonatis — a. La-
byrinthi, Cotunnius, liquor of — a. Lactis, Serum
lactis — a. ex Lacu, Water, lake — a. Lithargyri
acetati composita, Liquor plumbi subacetatis di-
lutus — a. Luci», Spiritus ammonisB succinatos —
A. Marina, Water, sea — a. Medicata, Water, mi-
neral.
Aqua Menthjc Pn»ERi'TJE, Peppermint Water,
The dii<tillcd water of peppermint It may be
prepared like the aqua cinnamomi.
Aqua MsNTHiB Piperitidis Spirituoba, Spi-
ritus menthsB piperitsB — a. MenthsB viridis, Spear-
mint water; see AquoB menthsD piperit«e — a. Men-
thse vulgaris spirituosa, Spiritus monthsD viridis —
— a. Mincralis, Water, mineral — a. Mirabilis, Spi-
ritus pimentSB — a. Malsa, Hydromeli — a. Natri
Oxmyuriatici, Liquor sodsD chlorinatse — a. Nea-
politana, Naples wat«r, (factltiotts) — a. Nephrit-
loa, Spiritus myristica.
Aqua Nitrooen'u Protox'tdi, ProUw'ide
of Ni'trogen Water, Aqua azofica oxygena'tHf
SearW* patent oxtfg"enoue aUrated water, A pa-
tbnt solution of protoxide of nitrogen, said to
contain five times its own bulk of gas. It has
been recommended as a nervine, and excitant in
nervous conditions, dyspepsia, Ac. It has also
been used in cholera, and to counteract the evil
fonieqaenoei of dzimkeniiess. The doie is f Jvj,
or^viii, two or three times a day; or, in 47**
pepsia, as a beverage between meals.
Aqua Niyata, Water, snow — a. Nuds moaebft-
t89, Spiritus myristicsB — a. Ophthalmica, Uqaor
sinci sulphatis cum camphori — a. Paludota,
Water, marsh — a. Pedum, Urine — a. Pericardii,
see Pericardium — a. Picea, see Pinus sylvestria
— a. Piois, see Pinus sylvestris — a. PlnvialiSy
Water, rain — a. Potassaa, Liquor potassse — a.
Pulegii spirituosa, Spiritus pulegii — a. Putealiiy
Water, well— a. ex Putoo, Water, well— a. Rabelli^
Elixir acidam Halleri — a. Baphani composita,
Spiritus armoracisB compositus — a. Regia, Nitro-
muriatic acid.
Aqua ILobm, Bote Water, Bhodoatag't
{Bos, centi/oL Ibvi^ : Aqua cong. y. M. DistU
gallon— Ph. U. 8.)
Aqua Salubris, Water, mineral — a. Bapphft-
rina, Liquor cupri ammoniata — a. Satami, Li-
quor plumbi subacetatis dilutus — a. Sdopetaria,
Arquebueade eau d' — a. Seminum aoisi c<Hnp<^
sitl^ Spiritus anisi — a. Seminum carai foitia,
Spiritus carui — a. Sodso efiervescens, Acidnloiu
water, simple — a. Soteria, Water, mineral — a.
Stygia, Nitro-muriatio acid — a. Styptica, Liquor
cupri sulphatis comx>osita — a. Sulphurata nm-
plex, IlydroBulpharetted water — a. Sulphnreti
ammonisB, Liquor fumans Boylii — a. ThediaaSy
Arqucbueade eau (T — a. Theriacalis Betoardiea,
Chylostagma diaphoreticum Hindereri — a. To-
fana, Liquor arsenicalis — a. Tosti panis, Toast
water — a. Traumatica Thedenii, Arquebutade eau
<f — a. Vegeto-mineralis, Liquor plumbi aabaee-
tatis dilutus — a. Viciensis, Vichy water — a. Vi-
triolica camphorata. Liquor sinoi sulphatis onm
camphorft — a. Vitriolica csorulea, Solatio lalpha-
tis cupri composita — a. Vulneraria, Arqueb m a d m
COM d* — a. Zinci vitriolati cum camphor^ Liqaor
xinci sulphatis cum camphorft.
AQU^ ACIDUL^, Acidulons waters — a.
Badiguas, Bath, Mineral waters of — a. Bad!s«,
Bath, Mineral waters of — a. Bathonise, BaUiy
Mineral waters of — ^a. Buxtonienses, Buxton, Mi-
neral waters of — a. Cantuarienses, Canterbaiy,
waters of— a. Chalybcatse, Waters, mineral, ohiU
lybeat«.
AqvjB Destilla't^, DittiUed Water; Hydro-
la* to, (F.) Hydrolate, These are made by pat-
ting vegetable substances, as roses, mint, penny-
royal, &.G,f into a still with water, and drawing
off as much as is found to possess the aromatic
properties of the plant To every gallon of the
distilled water, 5 oz. of spirit should be added to
preserve it. The eimple dietilUd xoatere are some-
times called Aqu4B ettllatWies tim'plicea: the spi-
rituout, Aqv<B 9tUlatit"im epirituo'aa, but more
commonly Spir'ttua.
AqujE Martiales, Waters, mineral, chalybe-
ate — a. Metus, Hydrophobia — a. Mincrales ari-
dulsB, Waters, mineral, gaseous — a. Mineralee
ferruginossD, Waters, mineral, chalybeate— a. Ml-
nerales sulphureae. Waters, mineral, sulphureoaa
— a. StillatitisB, AqusB dostillatso — a. Soils, Bath,
mineral waters of.
AQU^DUC'TUS, Aq^ueduetf from oowa 'wa-
ter,' and ducere, ductum, * to lead.' (F.) Aqm^-
due. Properly, a canal for conducting water
from one place to another. Anatomists have
used it to designate certain canals.
Aqujeductus Cerebri, Inftindibalam of the
brain — a. Cotunnii, Aqusadnctus vestibulL
AQUiEDUc'TUB Cooh'le^, (F.) Aqwiduc du Xi-
ma^on; — a very narrow canal, which proceeds
from the tympanic scala of the cochlea to the
posterior edge of the pare petroea.
Aqujeduc'tus Fallo'pii, Canal epirold^ <ie
Tos temporal of Chaussier, (F.) Aqueauc de FiiU
lope, A canal in the pars petroaa of the tempo*
AQUALICTJLUS
96
ARACHNOID CANAL
nd bonc^ wUch extends from the meatas aadito-
riu iniemoe to the foramen stylo-mastoideum,
and giTes passage to the &cial nerve. The
o]>ening into this aqueduct is called H\a'tu9 Fal-
Ut'pii,
Aqu.vduc'tvs Stl'th, Oana'K* eminen'tim
qu€uirig€m'in<g, (F.) Aqueduc <U Sylviutf Iter ad
quartum rentric'ulum, Vana'lU nu'diM, Oanal in-
tenmldiare dtt vemiricHlet of Chaussier. A oanal
forming a oommunication between the third and
fonrUi rentricles of the brain.
Aqujeduc'tub YESTiB'nLiy Aqu€Bduehu Ootun'-
niif Oanal of Cotun'nius, (F.) Aquedue du ifettibiUe
ova Aqmedue de Ootugno. This begins in the res-
tibule, near the common orifice of the two semi-
circular canals, and opens at the posterior surface
of the pan petro^a^
AQUALIC'ULUS, from aqutdxBf 'a water-pot.'
That part of the abdomen which extends from
the umbilicus to the pubes. See Hypogastrium.
It has also been applied to the stomach or intes«
tinal canaL
AQUAS'TEB. A word used, bj Paracelsus,
to express the visions or hallucinations of p&-
tientA.
A Q UED UC, Aqueduct — o. de (?of m^o— Aquae-
dnctns reatibuli — a. de Fallope, Aqu»ductu8 Fal-
lopii — o. du Limagon, Aqu»ductU8 cochlear — a.
de Sylriutr Aqu£ednctus Sylvii — a. du VettibuUf
Aqosrductus restibnlL
AQUEDUCT, Aqua>ductu8.
A'QUEOUS, A'qutM, Aqut/tfu, Hydato'de;
Hydro* dt«f from aqua, 'water/ (F.) AqueuXy
Watery. The absorbents or lymphatics are
sometimes called, in France, Oonduitt ou Ca-
naux aquenx.
Aqueous Httmour of the Etb, Rumor aqvo'-
SIM, Albugin*eoua Atimoitr, 0'6eVde», Oo^det, Hy-
daiiU'dee, Jfydato'detf Ova'tuB scu Ovi/or'mfi
Avaor, (F.) Humeur aqueute. The limpid fluid
which fills the two chambers of the eye, from the
cornea to the crystalline, and which is, conse-
quently » in contact with Uie two surfaces of the
iris. Quantity, 5 or 6 grains : s. g. 1.0003. It
contains albumen, chloride of sodium, and phos-
phate of lime in small quantity; and is enveloped
in a fine membrane : — ike membrane of the aqueoue
humour, Tunica propria seu Vagi'na humo'rui
of quel seu Membra' na Demuria'na seu Deece-
met'ii. Membrane of Dcmourt or of Dewemet; al-
though these last terms are by some appropri-
ated to a third layer of the cornea.
AQUEUS, Aqueous.
AQUIDUCA, Hydragogues.
AQUIFOLIUM, Ilex aquifolinm— a. Foliis
deciduis, Prinos.
AQUILA, Uydrargyri submurios, Sulphur.
The alchymists used this word for sublimed
sal ammoniac, precipitated mercury, arsenic, sul-
phur, and the philosopher's stone. Bee Hydrar-
gyri Submurias, and Sulphur.
Aq'uila Ccelbst'ib ; a sort of panacea, of which
mercury was a constibient.
Aq'uila LACH'RYMiB ; a liquor prepared from
several ingredients, especially from ealomel.
Aq'utla Philosopho'ruv. The alchymists,
whose terms were always mysterious, called mer-
cury thus, when reduced to its original form.
Aq'cila Vev'eris; an ancient preparation,
made by subliming verdigris and sal ammoniac.
AQUILifi VENiB, Temporal veins.
AQUILE'QIA, A. vuiga'riM, A. eulvet^trit sen
Alpi^na, Common Colombine or Columbinej (F.)
AMealie, The seeds, herb, and flowers were for-
merly used in jaundice and cutaneous diseases.
They are still retained in many of the Pharmsr-
•opceias of continental Burope.
Aquilboia AitTiHA, Aquflegii
indigenous, and flowers in April and June. The
seeds are said to be tonic.
Aquileoia Sylvestris, Aquilegia — a. Yul*
garis, Aquilegia.
AQUO-CAPSULITIS, Aquo-mcmbranitis.
AQUO-MEMBRANFTIS, Keratohi'h\ Aquo*
eapeulVtie, Inflammation of the anterior cham-
ber of the eye. A badly compounded Icnn, de-
noting inflammation of the capsule or membrane
of the aqueous humour.
AQUULA, Ceratocele, Hydatid, Ilydroa — a.
Acustioa, Cotunnius, liquor of.
Aquula seu Aqua Moroagnii. The minute
portion of water which escapes when nn opening
is made into the * who passes
•andy urine.
ARENULA, see GraveL
ARE'OLA. A diminuave of Area, (F.) AtVe.
Anatomists understand by AreoUs, the inter-
stices between the fibres composing organs; or
those existing between lanunsd, or between ves-
sels which interlace with each othee.
Areola is, also, applied to the coloured circle
ilo^o^ i/a/os, wliifih BUToaiids the nin^'le^ Jjv'-
Earik Batk;
The applioa-
ola papilla'rie, and which becomes mu<)h darker
during pregnancy ; as well as to the circle sur-
rounding certain vesicles, pustules, Ac., as the
pustules of the small-pox, the vaccine vesicle,
Ac, Chaussier, in such cases, recommends the
word Aure'oloy (F.) Awr^o^.
Areola Papillaris, see Areola.
Areola, Tubercles of the, see Mamma.
ARE'OLAR, Areda'rie. Appertaining to aa
areola.
Areolar Exhalations are those recremcn-
titial secretions, which are eff'ected within tbe
organs of sense, or in parenchymatous struc-
tures, — as the aqueous, crystalline and vitreona
humours, Ac.
Areolar Tissue, Cellular Tissue.
AREOM'ETER, Arasom'eter, Orarim'eter, Al-
coblom'eter, Aeroetat^ic Balance, from apaiof,
' light,' and /icrpov, * measure :' i e. ' meaeure of
lightneee.* An instrument, so called, because
first employed to take the specific gravity of
fluids lighter than water. The Areometer of Ban-
mi, which is the most used in Pharmacy, particu-
larly in France, consists of a tube of glass, largely
expanded towards its inferior extremity, and ter-
minating, below, by a small ball, containing mer-
cury or load, which serves it as a balance, so that
it may remain upright in the fluid. This tube is
furnished with a j^aduated scale. If the fluid
into which the Areometer is plunged be heavier
than water, tbe instrument rises : if lighter, it
sinks. There are various Areometers, as those
of the Dutch, of Fahrenheit, Nicholson, Ac The
Areometer is also called Hydrom'eter, (F.) Ar#-
om^fre, Piee-liqueur,
There are some hydrometers which have a gene-
ral application for determining the specific gra-
vities of liquids, — as Fahrenheit's, Nicholson'i^
Guyton de Morvesn's, and tbe common jliwn hy
drometcrs, including Baum6's, Cartier's, Twad-
die's, Zanetti's, and the specific gravity beads;
others intended for special application, — as for
estimating the comparative strength of spirits;
the comparative densities of syrups, oils, Ac,—
as Guy Lussac's, Sikes's and Dicaf s hydrometers,
and the saccharometer, urinometer, and elsBometer*
SCALE or BAUVi's areometer with COBXSo
SPONDING SPXCiriC GRAVITIES.
1. Atcending Scale for ligkt Uquide,
Scale of
Bnum4.
66
60
50
48
43
40
36
S3
33
30
S6
95
S3
Id.
»
Id.
SO
18
13
19
11
10
Specific
Gravitiec
700
715
749
78a
7W8
81!) >
827
847
863
808
878
iNW
906i
915 I
Id.
993
Id.
035
048
980
086
993
1000
i
Subetanoei.
Pure hydrocyanic acid.— 0«y Lm$
»ac.
Very pure sulphuric ether.
The same concentrated.
Equal parts of alcohol and ether.
Very pure alcohol for phauiaceuti
cal purpones.
Pure olcnhol. Nsphthn.
Alcohol ol commerce.
Essential oil of turpentine.
Hydrocyanic arid of Scheele and
pure hydrocyanic acid, mixed
with an equal portion of water.
{kekiquet)
Acetic ether.
Nitric ether.
Muriatic ether.
Liquid ammonia.
Olive oil.
Brandy.
Burgundy wine.
Bordeaux wine.
Distilled water.
ABBS
99
AB6BNTUM
1» PmettudiMff ScaU for h^avy liquid§»
SpMinC
SulMtaiioet.
1
9
«'
19
90
91
9S
30
3S
40
41
49
Id.
50
00
00
19
1000
1007;
1000 i
1014
10B
107S)
1091 )
1101
11(A)
KIOJ
UBI
mi\
I3B4)
laoev
1494)
Id.
153S
1714
1847
1940
Common distilled wainr.
Oiatilled vincfmr.
Common rintgur.
Cow't milk.
OonoMUrmtad acetk add.
Liquid hydrochloric add.
Boiliof syrup.
CoM tynip.
Ck>mmon nitric add.
Ooneantraied nitric acid.
Phoapboric add for medical oae.
Very coneentrated aalpharic acid.
ABES. A term invented by Paraoelana to de-
B^ate the principle on which depends the form
of mercury, ralphur, and salt. These the alehy-
miata reigarded as the three bodies that give bizth
to every other.
AR'ETB, mftrt, 'yirtne.' Mental or corporeal
vigour. — Hippocrates.
ABETHU'SA, A. bulbo'w; indigenous. Order,
Orehidacea. The bruised bulbs are used in
loothAch ; and as cataplasms to tumours.
A'EEUS. A pessary mentioned by Panlna of
ARGEL, Cynanehum olesBfollum.
AB'GEMA, Ar'gemou, Ar'gemm, from fytt
'white.' Fotfwmla^ (F.) Eneafmre. A white spot
or T:!??raticn cf the c jc. — Hippocrates. See Leu-
ARGEM'ONB, MEXICA'NA, Thorn Poppy,
Prieldy Poppf, Yellow Thitle, A native of
Uezieo, but naturalised in most parts of the
world. JfaL Ord. PiqiaveracesB. Sex, Syet, Po«
lyandria Monogynia. The juioe resembles gam-
boge, and has been used as a hydragogne. The
0ewls are employed in the West Indies as a anb-
stitnte for ipeeacoanha. They are also used as
* cathartie.
ABGENSON, MINERAL WATERS OF. A
chalybeate ntuate at Argenson in Danphiny:
used in cases of obstruction, jaundice, Ac
ABOENT, Argentum— «. Cklorure (f , see Ar-
gentnm — a. Cyanure cP, see Argentum — a. et
d'Ammomiaque, chlomre (T, see Argentum — a.
Jodmre ^, see Argentum — a. Oxide d^, see Ar-
gentum.
ARGBNTERIA, PotentiUa anserina.
ARGBNTI CHLORIDUM, see Argentum— ft.
at Ammonise ehloridnm, tee Argentum — a. et
AmmonisB chloraretum, see Argentum — a. Cya-
niduB, see Argentum <— a. Cyanuretum, see Ar-
gentum — a. lodidnm, see Argentum — a. lodnre-
tam, see Argentum.
Absbv'ti NmAS, Argen'tnm mtra'tum, Sal
argen'ti, Argentum Ni^rienm, (F.) Nitmte d^Ar-
fent, AmoUmU dT Argent, Nitrate of Silver. This
preparaUon is sometimes kept in crystals, the
Ifitrae Argen'ti in erwetoFloe conere'tue. Nitrate
4^ Argent eryetalliei of the Codex of Paris, Luna
pota^iUe, CrgetalU Lwnm, ArgenUum nit'rieum
eryetaUiea'tum, Nitrae argenti or^etaimnue, Ni-
trm Imna'ri, Hgdrag&gwm Boy'lbi. Gener^y,
however, it is in the fused state : and it ia this
which is admitted into most Pharmacopoeias, and
nhieh, beaides the name Nitrae Argenti, is nlled
iff Cros afipMi'tft futm»f OtmifHemm luna*r%, Lapie
in/ema'lie, Araen'tum nit'rieum /uatnn, and luntlf
eauetie, (F.) Nitrate d^ argent fondu, Pierre in»
female.
In the Fharmaoopceia of the United States, it
is directed to be prepared as follows : — Take of
eUver, in small pieces, Ij. ; «»(rio aeid, f J^v^.y
distilled water, f^y. Mix the add with the
water, and dissolve the silver in the mixture in
a sand bath ; then crystallize, or gradually in-
crease the heat, so that the resulting salt may be
dried. Melt this in a crucible over a gentle fire,
and continue the heat until ebullition ceases;
then immediately pour it into suitable moulds.
The virtue* of nitrate of silver are tonic, and
escharotic It is given in chorea, epilepsy, Ac, ;
locally, it is used in various cases as an escharotic.
Dose, gr. 1-8 to gr. 1-4 in pill, three times a day.
When silver is combined with iodine, it is said
to have the same efieot as the nitrate, and not to
produce the slate colour of the surface, which ia
apt to follow the protracted use of the latter.
Arqknti Oxidum, see Argentum.
ARGENTILLA VULGARIS, PotenUlla an-
serina.
AR'GENTINE, Argento'eue, same etymon as
the next. Pertaining to silver; as an * argentine
solution,' or solution of a salt of silver.
Argvntive^ PotentiUa anserina.
ARGEN'TUM, Ar'ggrue, from apyof, 'white,'
Silver, Luna, Dia'na, (F.) Argent, A solid metal
of a shining white appearance ; insipid ; inodor-
ous; highly sonorous; malleable and ductile;
somewhat hard ; crystallisable in Uiangular py-
ramids; fusible a UtUe above a red heat, and
volatizable; s. g. 10.4. Not used in medicine,
unless in some ^aees for silvering pills. Silver
LxAT, Argen'tumfolia'tumf is the state in which
it is used for this purpose.
AROXHTVif Divi'suM, metaUie ether, in very
fine powder, has been recommended internally in
syphilis.
The Chloribb (Argen'ti eklo'ridum, Argen'^
tum muriat'ieum. A, chlora'tum, A. tali 'turn,
Chlorure'tum Argen'ti, Ohlor'uret or Mu'riate of
Silver, (F.) Cklorure d* Argent;) the Ctahuret;
the Iodide {Argen'ti lo'didum, Argen'tum loda'^
turn, lodure'tum Argen'ti, lod'uret of Silver, (F.)
lodure d^ Argent;) the Oxide {Argen'ti ox'idumf
Argen'tum oxyda'tum, (F.) Oxide d' Argent, and
the Chloridb of Amvokia and Silver {Argen'ti
et Amnu/niiB ehlo'ridum, Argen'tum muriaPieum
ammonia'tum, Ohlorure'tum Argen'ti et Ammo'^
nia, Chlo'ruret of Silver and Ammonia, Ammo-
nio-ckloride of Silver, (F.) Cklorure d* Argent et
d^Ammoniaque, have been used in syphilis. At .
first, these different preparations were adminis-
tered iatraleptic«lly on the gums ; the chloride,
the cyanide and the iodide in the dose of l-12th
of a grain ; tibe chloride of silver and ammonia
in the dose of l-14th of a grain, and the oxide of
silver and divided silver in the dose of l-8th and
l-4tii of a grain. M. Serre, of Montpellier, who
made many trials with them, aoon found that
these doses were too small ; he therefore raised
that of the chloride to l-lOth, and of the iodide
to l-8ih of a grain, without any inconvenience
resulting. The dose of the other preparations was
likewise increased in a similar ratio. M. Serre
extols the preparations of silver — ^used internally
as well as iatraleptically— as antisyphilitics, but
they are not to be depended upon.
The Oganuret or Cyanide of Silver, Argen'ti
Oganure'tum, A. Ogan'idum, Argen'tum cuanoge-'
na'tmUf (F.) Oganure d* argent, is thus directed
to be prepsired in the Ph. U. 8. ri842.) Argent,
Nit, ^XT, Aeid Hgdroegan,, Aq, deetillat, U OJ.
■Having dissolved the nitrate of silver in the
1 water^ add the hydroeyanie addi md ikVi tlhrau
ABQIL
100
ABLES
Wash the precipitate with distilled water and drj
It In the last edition of the Pharmacopoeia,
(1851 J it is directed to be prepared as follows: —
liitrate of SilveTf dissolved in dutilled teater, is
put into a tubulated glass receiyor; Feroeyanuret
of Potauiunif dissolved in distilled tecUer, is put
into a tubulated retort, previously adapted to the
receiver. Dilute Sulphuric Acid is added to the
■olntion in the retort; and, by means of a sand-
bath and a moderate heat, distillation is carried
on until the liquid that passes over no longer
produces a precipitate in the receiver. The pre-
cipitate is then washed with distilled water, and
dried.
The Oxide of Silver, Argen'H Ox^idum, has
been introduced into the last edition of the Ph.
IT. S. (1851.) It is made by precipitating a solu-
tion of the NitrvUe of Silver by eolution of P<h-
icuta, drying the precipitate.
Arqentuh Chloratum, see Argentnm — a.
Cyanogenatum, see Argentum — a. Fugitivnm,
Hydrargyrum — a. Fusum, Hydrargyrum — a.
lodatum, see Argentum — a. Liquidum, Hydrar-
gyrum — a. Mobile, Hydrargyrum — a. Muriati-
oum, see Argentum — a. Muriatioum Ammonia-
tnm, see Argentum — a. Oxydatum, see Argentum
^-a. Salitum, see Argentum — a. Vivnm, Hydrar-
gyrum.
ARGIL, PURE, Argilla pnra.
AROILE OGHREUSE PALE, Bolus Alba.
ARGILLA BOLUS FLAVA, Terra Lemnia--
a. Bolus rubra. Bole Armenian — a. Fermginea
rubra, Bole Armenian — a. Kalisulphnrica, Aln-
men — a. PaJida, Bolus alba.
Argilla Pura, Terra AWminie, T, hola'rU,
sen argilla'eea pura, Alu'mina depwra'ta, pure
Argil or Alumina, (F.) Alumine ftieHce, This sub-
stance, which is prepared by drying alum and
exposing it, for twenty or twenty-five minutes, to
a red heat, until the sulphuric aoid is driven off,
has been recommended in indigestion as antacid,
as well as in vomiting and diarrhoea accompanied
with acidity. The dose to a very young child is
from ^ss to 3J ; to older children from 5J to jy.
Aroilla Sulphitrica Alcaltsata, Alnmen
<— a. Sulphurica usta, Alumen exsiocatum — a.
Bupersulphas alcalisatum, Alumen — a. Vitriolata,
Alumen.
ARGILLA ACETAS, Aluminso aeetas — a.
Sulphas, AluminsB sulphas.
ARGOL, RED, Potasssd supertartras impuras
•—a. White, PotasssB supertartras impurus.
ARGUMENTUM INTEGRITATIS, Hymen.
ARGY'RIA, from ap/vpoc, 'silver.' The dis-
eoloration of the skin occasioned by the internal
use of nitrate of silver.
ARGYROCHJETA, Ma^oaria.
ARGYROPH'ORA, from a^yvposy 'silver,' and
f cpw, * I bear.' A name given, by Myrepsns, to
an antidote whioh he regarded as extremely pre-
cious.
ARGYROTROPHEMA, Blancmanger,
ARGYRUS, Argentnm.
ARHEUMAT'IO, Arheumai*ieH9, from a, pri-
vative. Mid pn^a, * fluxion or rheumatism.' One
without fluxion or rheumatism.
ARIA, Gratsdgus aria.
ARICI'NA, Cfue'eomin, Oueeo-0ineh</nia, so
•ailed from Ariea in South America, the place
where it is shipped. An alkali found in Cnsoo
Bark, which is very similar in many of its pro-
perties to Cinchonia. Cnsco was the ancient
residence of the Inoas.
ARICTMON, from apt, an intensive particle,
aad ftvciv, 'to eonoeive.' A name given to a
fiunale who ooneeives readily. — Hippocrates.
ARIDE'NA. A Latin word employed to de- i
signate the leanness of any part — Ettmuller,
Sauvages.
ARID'ITY, AHd'itae, (P.) Ariditi, from arere,
'to dry.' The French use the word Ariditi to
express the dryness of any organ, and particn-
larly of the skin and tongue, when such drynesi
is so great as to render the organ rough to tho
touch. Ariditi also means the lanuginons ap-
pearance of the hair in some diseases in whidi
they seem covered with dust
ARIDU'RA. Wasting or emaciation of tho
whole or of any part of the body ; Marasmoa,
Atrophy.
Aridura Cordis, Hearty atrophy of the — a.
Hepatis, Ilepatrophia.
ARIKA, see Spirit
ARISTALTHiVA, Althaa.
ARISTOLOCHPA, from apterot, 'very good,'
and Xox^a, ' parturition ;' so called, because the
different varieties were supposed to aid partori-
tion. Birth wort, (F.) Arietoloche, Several va-
rieties were once in use.
Aristolochia Cava, Fnmaria bnlbosa.
Aribtolochi'a Clem ati'tis, ArittoloehVa VmU
ga'rit sen Ore'tica, Adra Rina, Arietolochi'a ten'"
uie, (F.) Arietoloche ordinaire. Upright Birth-
vort. The root haj been considered stimulant
and emmenagogue, and as such has been used in
amenorrhoea, chlorosis, and cachexia.
Aristolochia Crbtica, A. Clematitis^-a. Fa-
bacea, Fumaria bulbosa.
Aristolochi'a Long a, and A. Rotuit'da, (F.)
Arietoloche tongue et ronde. Long and Round
Birthioort, Virtues the same as the preceding.
Aristolochi'a Pistolochi'a, PiHolochi'aArie-
tolochi'a, Polyrrhi'za. This variety has an aro-
matic odour, and an aerid and bitter taste. (F.)
Arietoloche erSnelie,
Aristolochi'a Serpehta'ria, Serpenta'rieif
Vipera'ria, Viperi'na Virginia'na, Oolubri'fm
Virginia'na, Oontrayer'va Virainia'na, S. FtV-
ginia'na, (F). Serpentaire et Arietoloche eerpen-
taire de Virginie, Oolnvrine de Virginie, rw"-
ginia Snakeroot, Snakeroot Birthwart, SnaiBe--
u>eed, SnagreL Virtues^ tonic, stimulant; and,
as such, employed in debility, intermittents, Ae.
Aristolochia Teihtis, A. Clematitis — a. Tri-
flda, A. Trilobata.
Aristolocbi'a Triloba'ta, a. tri/^ida, (F.)
Ariitoloche trilohfe. A plant of Snrinam and
Jamaica; possessing the genend virtues of the
Aristolochise. The other varieties of Aristolo-
chia have similar properties.
Aristolochi'a Vulgaris RoTinn>A, Fnmaria
bulbosa.
ARISTOLOCH'IC, Arietoloch'icue, Same ety-
mology. An old term for remedies supposed to
have the property of promoting the flow of the
lochia. — Hippocrates, Theophrastus, Dioscorides,
Ao.
ARIS'TON MAGNUM, and ARISTON PAR-
VUM. These names were formerly given to
pharmaceutical preparations, used in phthisis,
tormina, and fever. — Avicenna.
ARISTOPUANEI'ON. A tort of emolUeni
plaster, prepared with four pounds of pitch, two
of apochyma, one of wax, an ounce of opoponax,
and half a pint of vinegar. — Gorrsdus. Not
used.
ARKANSAS, MINERAL WATERS OF.
About 5 miles from the Washita river, and about
a quarter of a degree north of the Louisiana line,
there are about 70 of those springs. They are
thermal, varying from 138^ to 150° Fahrenheit,
and are employed in rheumatism, cutaneous af-
fections, Ao.
ARLADA, Realgar.
ARLKS, MINERAL WATERS OF. Thw-
U 103° u> 1U° ot g»hi.. Md Ui«7
AR», Bmchion.
ARMA. Phu^l Ventri*, Pesk
ARUAURNXABIUU, Ananal— <b Ctumr^
ARMATOKT UNOUENT, HoploahrTima.
ARMATURA, AnmiiM.
ARUS, from a^w, ' I adftpt.' Auj phy^olo-
E'eml or meslunial joocUoa or anioD of pwM. —
eirehiai. AioUue, Moflbesmiiam.— Oilen.
ARMBXIACA EPIROTICA, Praoiu Arm«-
biBcs — a. Hilni, Aprii^oi, Sc* Pranoi — &.
Tnlf^anr, Pnuiu ArmODHca.
ARMENIAN STONB, MeltnbllM.
ARMKNITE8, MulDChilM.
ARMlLLf NANUS UKMBBANOaf, As-
bbIu UicuseiiU of tba carpaa.
ARilOlSE BLAKCHE, ArlemlaU rop«ttrli
— a. Cori-MMt, AiUmuift *Bl5»ri
Ajt«min» dncnncoliii — a. OnUt
ARXOKIACUH, Ammoalu, gam.
ARUORA'CIA. In ths PhumuopaU of tfae
nniUd SuUt, (he lr«h root of CochlHiik kr-
AmxoRACiA RuBTicm, Coehlsuik aitnoracii
-^. SMlTk, Coehlari> umoiwiU.
ARUOUB, CoDdom.
AJtMUJtE DES JA2IBES, M Cona •m.
ARROW HOOT
R PaRiICeui, Ferrom «
IDUti
ARUU8,
AE'SICA HOKTA'NA.
tun. AniBi, £»par<ri £aiK, Vonm'itum tJtr-
man'imm na Opponti/o'liunx, D. Ar'nieo, AIi'/-
■o, A^'wna, Diurteita, Arnica PUmn'tii, Pa-
MHr'a bpn/niB, /■lor'iHiVa ■niUa'iu, Oiltki
MO CWn'dola .lln'iia, (F.) Anx'fu, A^Idi'h
dtm Momioffne^, Tabac dtt Vow*, Tabae "'
tow <t« SasvwanU, Dtnmit tAl'
iAlUmagnt.
Nal.
ARQVBBUSAVE EAU fl". Aqua Itn-naf.
ita riedi'mV, Aqua Thtdia'na, Aqna Klop^iaf.
ria, Aqita evlnera'ria. Aqua eatapuita'ramf Mit-m
tx'ta vulntra'Tia ac"ida. A lort of Tulocrmrj
water, dialilUd from a farrago uf aromaUo jilauta.
Hottautrji Diiu, piiU^oH, tiynu, each Rxa.
/■rcw/ i/nVti 3 gftlloDB— diitil a galloii. Thia U
ABRABOK, Arrafiboa.
ARRACHEMEST, (F.) trva arrarltr, 'M
taar oat,' Afntpai/ma, Abrup'iln, Aval'rio, Aal
of aeparating a jiart of tho body bj tearing i I Eh>m
with oth«n
L or haTa b«<n
WJMBlaal, MMHaagognc, Ao. ; and, as luob, bars
bc*D giTcn in anauraiii, panljiii, all aairona .
■ffoetioDi, AaiUBati>m,|coat, ohloroiii, Ao. Doae,
gr- T to z, in powdar. Id larg* doiei. It ia dela- J
AhjicaSpubu, Innla dyieateiic*
■ia. Inula ilyatateriea.
ARXOOLOSSUH, PlanUeo.
ARSOrrS DILATOR, M -■
ARRECTIO, EroDtion.
AKRBFTIO, InuDily.
ARRKSTA BOVIS, Ouonii ipiunta.
ARRRT [yHIlDAN, Remora Hildanl.
ARR&TE B(ECF, Ononii niinoiia.
ARRHCK'A, from a. pHvatire, and ftm.'l flow,'
ARRIIOSTEMA. D\ttni
ARRHOSTBNIA, Uiaaaae.
ARRII06TIA. DiHaae, Inflrmitr.
ARRHYTllMUg, CarorrhTthmJa.
ARRIBA, GeoirnH Termifuea-
ARRliRE-BOrVHB. Phnmil — a. - TJea^
ee DBntULon— n,-fn.>, BMondinw,
ARRlillE-GOVT, (F.) 'after laila.' Tb»
ute left by certiun boilioi In tbe mouth for i>oms
Ime after the; have bcrn IWDltowcd, oninj per.
api to the pspillio of the inoutli baling imbibed
lia MTOurr (ubtlance.
ARRliRES XARIXES, Narea, poslerior.
ARROCHE, Atriplez borteoaia — a. Pxaai^
'heDopodiam lulrarla.
ARRO.fEJfEXT, A»|)er»lon.
ARROWHEAD, Sngiltaria variabilii.
ARROW LEAF, BagiJtaria Mriabili*.
ARROW POISON. Thi» differs with diffcren*
■ibes of Indians. By aome, the poison eepsicum,
apborbiacea are miied logetber, — ""^ -. - - -
ettbol
ARO'UA, Ar'l^ma, 'perfume :■ (.^i, 'rery,' .serpent, called b; the PerUTinn ludiuns Miui
and H^ oratft, 'odour.') Spir'tlut Rtriar, (F.) 'mam oi Jcrg/jii,—La<:liriii pieia of TacbudL
liabla
Tba odoroDB pait of plimta.
IC, .<
odorifaroDi aabManca obtainad froi
kingdom which contajna much
light and eipanaible cegin. Ai
b perfane*, in aeawniDg, and
■edicioe tbaj tm amplujed as siimuiania. uin-
gar, rinnunon, cardamoms, mint, Ao., belong to
lbi> riasa.
AROHATOPO'IA, from ip^i, 'an odoar,'
and mtu, ' I mIL' An qntbecary or drnggiil.
Ooa who eelli iplcea.
ARON, Anm.
AROPU. A barbaroai word, which had varl-
aoa sleniS cations with the ancients. Paraoelaua
eaployad it to designate a litbonlhriptie remedy.
Tbt uaodrsgara, accordiog to aome. Also, a
■istan of btaad, aaflron Md wina.— Tan Ilel-
ARROW ROOT, /•«■!
with ', Lho rblioma of j/amB'i
. lilte all feoulia. la emollii
>, (y.)Aromate. Any I prepared wltb water, mil
'or.'KB, Am-ylun
The fecufa of
■., which.
T.Cilrao
' a is derived bom Za'mit
led ^vgar Dill*; Jknau.fi
Id from Maianta arundii
in- ' as well as the fu-ina,
Slates ondsr the nam<
According to Dr. A
ia prepar.
root of Car. , .
ArroK root KuciUigt is made by rubbing ai
plelely mil
ins ..„«ro«r it, stirring aa-iduou.ijuntil a.oft,
gelntinoue, tenaciona mucilage is furmeil ; and,
lastly, boiling for Bve miuntei. A InbleepooDtiA
0/ Mzzvw nwt powdei ii lufficLsnt to aulLt k ^a)t
ABROW WOOD
lOS
ABT
of mncila^. It mfty l>6 modentelj sweetened;
and wine or lemon juice may be added.
With milk also it forms a bland and nutritions
article of diet.
Arrow Root, Bklztliax. The feonla of Ja-
tropha Manihot.
Arrow Root, Common, see Solanom tubero-
sum.
Arrow Root, East Ikdiak. The feeula of
the tubers of Curcuma angustifoUa or narrow-
Uaved Turmerio.
Arrow Root, Eitolish, Arrow root, oommon.
ARROW WOOD, Euonymus, Yibumnm den-
datum. "*■
ARS CABALISTICA, Cabal--a. Chjmiatrica,
Chymiatria — a. Clysmatica nova, Infusion of me-
dicines — a. Coquinaria, Culinary art — a. Cosme-
tica. Cosmetics — a. Cuiinarla, Culinary art — a.
Empirica, Empiricism — a. Hermetica, Chymistfy
—a. Uomoeopathica, Homoeopathy — a. Hydria-
trica, Hydrosudotherapeia — a. Infusoiia, Infu-
sion of medicines — a. Machaonia, Me^cina<— a.
J5iajorum, Chymistry — a. Medioa, Medicina — a.
Obstotricia, Obstetrics — a. Sanandi, Art» healing
—a. Separatoria, Chymistry — a. Spagirica, Chy-
mistry — a. Veterinaria, Veterinary Artr— a. Zoi»-
trica, Veterinary Art.
' ARSALTOS, Asphaltnm.
ARSATUM, Nymphomania.
ARSENAL, (F.) Ckirapothe'ca, Armamenta'-
riunif A. chirur'gicum, A collection of surgical
instruments. A work containing a description
of surgical instruments.
ARSEN'IATE, Arten'tM. A salt formed by
a combination of arsenio acid with a salifiable
base.
Arsexiate of Amvonia, Arsen'ios Ammo'nia,
Ammo'tiium Anenic'icum, (F.) Arainiate (TAm-
moniaque. This preparation is highly extolled
in cutaneous diseases. A grain of the salt may
be dissolved in an ounce of distilled water, and
20 to 25 drops be commenced with as a dose.
Arseniatb op Iron, Ar§en'iM Ferri, Ferrum
Ar$enia'tumf F. Ar»en^icum oxydvla'tumy (F.)
Arainiate de Fer, This preparation has been
applied externally to cancerous ulcers. An oint-
ment may be made of ^ss of the arseniate, 5U ^^
the phosphate of iron, and ^vj of spermaceti
ointmenL The arseniate has also been given in-
ternally in cancerous affections, in the dose of one-
sixteenth of a grain.
Arskkiatb op Protox'idb op Potas'siuv,
Proto-araen'iate of Potcu'tium, Ar§en'%ate of Po-
taataf Arten'tas Potcuaa, Ar»enia$ Kali. Pro-
perties the same as those of arsenious acid.
ARSE5IATE OF QuiNiA, Quiniss Arsenias.
AR'SENIC, Arsenicum. A solid metal ; of a
steel-gray colour; granular texture; very brittle;
Tolatilizing before melting; very combustible and
aoidifiable. It is not dangerous of itself, and only
becomes so by virtue of the facility with which it
Absorbs oxygen.
ARSENIO BLANC, Arsenicum album.
Arsbitic, Iodidb op, Araen'iei Jo'didum sen
Teriod'idum, A, lodurt'tum, Arten'ieum loda'-
turn; formed by the combination of ar»eniou§
acid and iodine. This preparation, applied ex-
ternally, has been highly extolled in various cu-
taneous affections. An ointment may be made
of three grains of iodide to Jj of lard. It haa,
also been given internally in the dose of a tenth
of a grain in similar affections.
Arsexio, Oxidb of, Arsenicum album — a. Ox-
ide of. White, Arsenicum album — a. White, Arse-
nicum album.
Arsenic and Mbrcurt, Iodidb of, Hvdrar*-
ywri et Arten'iei lo'didum, Double Poaide of
Jfrifr'eurjf and Ar^ienic, lodo-arteniU of Mer'oury.
A compound, which has been proposed as moiv
efficacious than either the iodide of arsenio or tha
iodide of mercury. It is made by triturating 6.0i
grains of metallic areenic ; 14.82 grains of mtf^
cury ; 49 of iodine, with a fluidraehm of aleokot^
until the mass has become dry, and from being
deep brown has become pale red. Eight onnoes
of dietiUed water are poured on, and, after tritii*
ration for a few moments, the whole is transfer-
red to a flask ; half a drachm of hydriodic acid^
prepared by the acidification of two gndns of
iodine, is added, and the mixture is boiled for a
few moments. When the solution is cold, maka
the mixture up to f^viij with distilled water.
This is called by Mr. Donovan, the proposer.
Liquor Areen'iei et ffydrar'gyri lo'didi, each
drachm of which by measure consists of water
53f arsenious acid gr. l-8th; peroxide of mercury
gr. l-4th, iodine converted into hydriodic acdd
gr. 3-4ths. In the last edition of the PA. U. &
it is directed to be made of Areeniei lodidum and
Hydraryyri lodidum ruhrum, each gr. xxxv; and
Aqua deetillaia Oss; dissolving by mbbing, heat-
ing to the boiling point, and filtering.
The dose of DonowtWe Solution, ig horn 1l\^
to f 5ss two or three times a day.
It has been used sueoessfiilly in inveterate en-
tan eous diseases.
ARSEN'ICAL PASTE, CF.) P6ie Areinicai*.
This application to cancers is formed of 70 parta
of cinnabar, 22 of dragon^e blood, and 8 of cirse-
nioue acid ; made into a paste with saliva, when
about to be applied.
ARSBNICI lODIDUM, Arsenic, Iodide of—
a. loduretum, Arsenio, Iodide of— a. Teriodidmoy
Arsenio, iodide of.
ARSBNICISM'US, JfKo^rica'Ko Arsca»oa'U4
Poisoning by arsenio.
ARSEN'ICUM ALBUM; WK\UAf*tH%e, Oe-
ide of Ar'eenie, Ratebane, Areen'iei oar'ydum aU
bum, Calx Areen'iei alba, Ac"idum Areenico^euw^f
A. Areenio'eum (Ph. U. 6.), Areen'ioue acid. White
oxide of areenio, (F.) Areenie blane. An acid
which is met with in commerce, in compact, white^
heavy, fragile, masses ; of a vitreons aspect, opake,
and covered with a white dust ; of an acrid and
nauseous taste ; without smell when cold ; vola-
tilizable by heat, and exhaling the odour of gar-
lic : soluble in water, alcohol and oil ; crystalli-
sable in regular octahedrons. It is this that is
meant by the name arsenic, as commonly used.
ARSEN^icric Album SuBLiMA'TUjr, Sublimed
Oxide of Areenie, is the one employed in medi-
cine. It is tonic and escharotic, and is the most
virulent of mineral poisons. It is used in in-
termittcnts, periodical headachs, neuroses, Ae.
Dose, gr. one-tenth to one-eighth in pill. Bee
Poisons, Table of.
Arsenicum Iodatuv, Arsenio, Iodide of — a.
Rubrum Faotitium, Realgar.
ARSENIS POTASS J3, Arsenite of protoxide
of potassium — a. Potasssd aquosus, Liqyor arse-
nicalis — a. PotasssD liquidus. Liquor arsenicalis.
AR'SENITE, Ar'eenie. A salt, formed by a
combination of the arsenious acid with a salifi-
able base.
Ar'hbitite of Protox'ide of PoTAs'sinu, Pro-
to-ar'eenite of Potae'eium, Ar'eenite of Potaeee^
Ar*eenie Potaeta. An uncrystallizable and co-
lourless salt, which forms the basis of the liquor
arsenicalis, which see.
Arsr!tite of Quinia, QninisB arsenis.
ARSE-SMART, Persicaria— a. Biting, Poly-
gonum hydropiper.
ART, HEALING, Are Sanan'di, Jfedici'nn,
The appropriate application of the precepts of
the best physicians, and of the results of experi-
ence to the treatment of disease.
ABTABI
103
ABTSBU
Abt, YKnvsAMT, Yetarinary art
AR'TABBt «fra^9* Name of a meaaure for
4ry safaalaBees, in uae with the ancieDte, equal
ai times, to 5 modii: at others, to 3; and at
otbervy agun, to 7. — Galen.
ARTANTHE ELONGATA, eee Matioo.
AB'TELSHEIM, MINERAL WATERS OF.
These German waters have been much recom-
mended in hjst^ia, gout, palsy, Ao. Their
physieal or ehemical properties have not been
ARTEMIS'IA, Anacti^rtoH, CoUed after a
queen of the name, who first employed it; or
from Afn^tf ' Diana ;* because it was formerly
need in diseases of women, over whom she pre-
aded. The Ganls called it Brieumum,
Abtkmis'ia Abbot'anuic, Abrot'aHum, Abrot'-
emeny Airot'tinmm (kukauvnj Abrot'onum inos,
A&ralJUm, South' emwoodf Oldman, (F.) Aurone,
Aarentf mUUe, Aur<me dtt jardint, Garderobc,
CiirtmeiU, Supposed to be possessed of stimu-
lant properyes.
Oa of Sontkemwood, (yietun AbrofatUy (F.)
BuiU cTAuronM, possesses the aromatic proper-
tiea of the plant.
Artkmis'ia ABsnr'Tiiiuir, Abtin'thiuwiy Abtin'-
Aiitm ruljfa'ri, Apnm'tkiuwi, Barypi'cron, Com-
wum Wormwood, ^F.) Abtintht, Properties: —
tonie and anthelnuntie. The Oil of Wormwoodf
(yUwmAb^in'Miy (F.) JTuiU d' Absinthe, contains
the aromaUo Tirtnes of the plant
Abtjbmisia Apra, a South African species, is
tonic, antispasmodic and anthelmintic; and has
been used in debility of the stomach, visceral ob-
ftructions, jaundice and hypochondriasis. It is
taken in infusion, decoction and tincture. A
itrong infusion is used by the Cape Colonists as
ft coUyrium in weakness of the eyes; and the
pennded leaves and stalks are employed as dis-
entients in osdema and sngillations.
Abtkvisia Alba, A. Suitonica — a. Balsamita,
A. Pontica.
Abtbmisla BniB'ins, Bienmal Wormwood; in-
difenons.
Abtkxisia Botetb, Chenopodinm ambrosi-
•ides.
Abtkios'ia Campbs'tbxs, Field Southemufood,
(F.) Amrone des Ohampt. This possesses the
aame properties as A, Abrot*anum.
AjtrxMiBLA Chbbopodium, Chenopodinm bo-
tiys.
AxTXiniiiA CHirair'sis, A, In'diea, A. ifoxo.
From this the Chinese form their moxas.
Artemisia Covtba, A. Santonica.
Artemisia Draou5'culu8, Tarragon, (F.)
ettroffon. Virtues : — the same as the
Artexis'ia Glacia'lis, Silky Wormwood;
Artemisia Ixbica, Artemisia Chinensis, A.
Santonica ;
Artemisia Lrptophtlla, A. Pontica ;
Artemisia Marit'ima, Abnn'thium Mari'num
Maritfiammf Sea Wormtoood, Maritime South'
Artemisia Moxa, A. Chinensis ;
•ad
Artrmts'ia Poh'tica, a, Roma'na sen Tenuis
ft/lia sen BaUami'ta sen Leptopkyl'la, Abtinthi-
■a Pom'tieum sen Roma'num, Roman Wormwood,
Lemer Wormwood, possess like virtues ; — as well
as
Artemisia Bomaka, A. Pontica;
Artemisia Bubra, A. Santonica; and
Artemis'ia Bupbb'tris, Creeping Wormwood,
O^m'ipi album, (F.) Armoite blatic, Qinipi blanc.
This variety has aromatic virtues, and is used in
faitermittents, and in amenorrhoea.
Artbmis'ia Savtom'ica^ Sanfon'iemm, Jj-t€- /
mtVta eonita. Semen contra Vermee, Semen eon*
tra, S, Zedoa'ria, Cfanni Herba, Chttm<Bcedri§p
Ohamaeyparie^Mu; Semen Cinte, Hagiuspcr'mtim,
Sane' turn Semen, Abein'thium Santvn'icum, iS>«
menti'noy Xantoli'na, Scheba Ar'abum, Artemie'ia
Juda'ica, Sina seu Oina Levan'tica, Womieeedf
Tartarian Southernwood, (F.) Barbotine, Vir-
tues : — anthelmintic and stimulant Dose, gr. x.
to 3J Uk powder.
Artemisia Tekcipolia, A. Pontica.
Artemis'ia Vulga'RIS, Artemie'ia rubra etalba,
Oiu'gulum Snncti Joan'me, Mater Herba'rum, Be"
renieecum, Bubaetecor'dium, Cannpa'cia, Mug-
wort, (F.) Armoiae ordinaire, A. Commune, J/erb€
de SaitU Jean, This, as well as some other
varieties, possesses the general tonic virtues of
the ArtemisisB. Artemisia vulgaris has been
highly extolled by the Germans in cases of epi-
lepsy. Dose of the powder, in the 24 hours, from
5m to 3J*
ARTMrE, Artery— a. Braehial, Brachial ar-
tery—a. Brachio-cfphalique, Innomiuata arteria
— a. Bronchique, Bronchial artery — a. Ciiiaire,
Ciliary artery — a. Clitorienne : see Clitoris — a.
Caeale: see Colic arteries — a. ColluUrale du
eoude, Anastomoticus magnus ramus — a Collnti-
rale exteme, Arteria profunda humeri — a. Collar
tirale interne, Anastomoticus magnus ramus — a.
Coronaire dee Uvree, Labial artery — a. Coronair€
Stomaehiqne, Coronary artery — a. CruraU, Ciniral
artery — a. Denxihne dee thoraeiquee, Arteria tho-
racica externa inferior — a. JCpinente, Meningeal
artery, m'u\die—a,/''imorO'poplit(e, Ischiutic artery
— a. Featiire, Gluteal artery — a. (Jaetrique droite,
Setite, Pyloric artery — a, Outtufo-maxiUaire,
[axillary artery, internal — a. Honteuee exteme,
Pudic, external, artery — a. Honteuse interne, Pu-
dic, internal, artery — a. Humirale pro/onde, Ar-
teria profunda humeri — a. Iliaque primitive, lUao
artery — a. Innominie, Innominata arteria — a.
Irienne, Ciliary artery — a. Jechio-penienne : see
Pudic, internal, artery — a. Midiane anf^rieure.
Spinal artery, anterior — a. Midiane poatineur^
du raehia. Spinal artery, posterior — a, MfningU
moyenne. Meningeal artery, middle — a. Mentun^
nilre. Mental foramen — a. Meaocfphaliquty Basi-
lary srtery — a. Mfaveoliqne: see Colic artery—
a. Muaculaire du brae, Arteria profunda humeri
— a. Muaculaire du braa, grande: see Collateral
arteries of the arm— a. Muaculaire grande de la
euiaae, Arteria profunda fcmoris — a. Opiathoga^
trique, Cceliac artery — a. Orbitaire, Ophthalmic
artery — a. de f Ovaire, Spermatic artery — a,
Pelvi-crurale, Crural artery — a. Pelvi-crurale,
Iliac artery — a. Pelrienne, Hypogastric artery—
a. Premiere dea thorcuiiquea, Arteria thoracica
externa superior — a. Radio-carp ienne fron#rer-
aale palmaire. Radio-carpal artery — o. Scrotale,
Pudic, external, artery — a. Soua-clavitre^ Sub-
clavian artery — a. Soua-pubio-/i morale, Obturator
artery — a. Sotta-pubien$te, Pudic, internal, artery
— a. Soua-aternal, Mammary, internal — a. Sphi*
no-fpineuae, Meningeal artery, middle — a. Stomo^
gaatrique, Coronary artery — a. Sua-earpienne :
see &tu-carpien — a. Sua-m€ueilluire, Alveolar
artery — a. Sua-mcurillaire, Buccal artery — a,
Sua-mitataraienne, Metatarsal artery — a. Sut"
pubienne, Epigastric artery — a. Teaticulaire,
Spermatic artery — a. Thoracique humfrale^ Acro-
mial artery — o. Trachfhcervical : see Cerebral
arteries — a. Trochantfrienne, Circumflex artery
of the thigh — a. Troiaiime dea thoraeiquea, Acro-
mial artery — a. Tympanique, Auditory artery«
external — a. Uviale: see Ciliary artery — a. Vui-
vatre, Pudio, external, artery.
ARTERIA, Artery— a. Ad Cntem Abdomvu\i,
Bee Ad Cutem abdominisi (arteria) — ^. Anon^miii
ABTBTISCUS
106
AETICULAB
QMtro-epiploio artery — a. Qastro-bepatio, see
Oastro-epiploio artery — a. Genital, Pudic (ioter-
nal) artery — a. Guttural inferior, Thyroideal A.
inferior — ^o. Guttural superior, Thyroideal A. su-
perior — a. Humeral, Brachial artery — a. Iliac
posterior, Gluteal artery — a. Iliaco-muscular,
Ileo-lumbar artery — a. Labial, Facial artery — a.
Laryngeal superior, Thyroideal artery, superior
—a. Maxillary internal. Facial artery — a. Median
of the sacrum, Sacral artery, anterior — a. Nasal,
lateral, large, Spheno-palatine artery — a. Palato-
labial, Facial artery — a. Pericephalic, Carotid
(external) — a. Pharyngeal, superior. Pterygo-
palatine artery — a. Phrenic, Diaphragmatic ar-
tery — a. Posterior of the brain, see Cerebral ar-
teries — a. External scapular. Acromial artery —
a. Bpinal. Meningeal artery, middle — a. Subcla-
vian right, Innominata arteria — a. Subscapular,
Scapular artery, inferior — a. Superficial of the
abdomen, Ad cutem abdominis (arteria) — a. Su-
pramaxillary, Alveolar artery — a. Suprarenal,
Capsular artery — a. Thoracic, internal, Mammary
Internal — a. Urethro-bulbar, Transverse perineal
artery — a. Vesico-prostatic, Vesical artery — a.
Vidian, Pterygoid artery.
AHTETIS'CUS; from artut, 'a limb.' One
who has lost a limb.
ARTEURYSMA, Aneurism.
ARTHANI'TA, from aprof, 'bread,-' the C^e''
lameii. or Sowbread, It was formerly made into
ointment, Unyuen'tum Artkani'tttt with many
other substances, and waj employed as a purga-
tive, being rubbed on the abdomen.
AnTHANiTA CrcLAJfsir, Cyclamen.
ARTHETICA, Teucrium chamsspitys.
ARTURAGRA, Gout— a. Anomala, Gout, an-
omalous — a. Genuina, Gout, regular — a. Legiti-
ma. Gout, regular — a. NormaUs, Gouty regular —
a. Vera, Gout, regular.
ARTH RALGIA* Arthrodynia, Gout See Lead
rheumatism.
ARTHRBLCO'SIS, from ap^poy, 'a joint,' and
'cXirwffK, 'ulceration.' Ulceration of a Joint.
ARTHREMBOLE'SIS, same etymon as the
next The reduction of a fracture or luxation.
ARTIIREM'BOLUS, from ap^fvv, 'a joint,'
cy, 'in,' and /3aXA«p 'I cast' An ancient instru-
ment used in the reduction of dislocations.
ANTHRETICA, Teucrium chamsapitys.
ARTHRIT'IC, ArtKrit'iew, from af^pov, 'a
Joint' (F.) Artkrxtique, Goutteux, That which
relates to gout or arthritisy as arthritie •ymp-
tom$f Ac
ARTHRITICUS VERUS, Gout
ARTHRITIF'UGUM; from arthnti; 'gout,'
and /iigaref 'to drive away.' A remedy that
drives away gout Heyden terms cold water,
internally, the arthritifugum magmtm,
ARTHRITIS, Gout, Arthrophlogosis, Artbro-
0ia — a. Aberrans, Gout Twandering) — a. Acuta,
Gout (regular) — a. Artnrodynia, Rheumatism,
chronic — a. Asthenica, Gout (atonic) — a. Atonic,
Gout (atonic) — a. Diaphragmatica, Angina Pec-
toris — a. Erratica, Gout (wandering) — a. Ilydrar-
tbros, Ilydrarthrus — a. Inflammatoria, Gout (re-
gular) — a. Juvenilis, see Rheumatism, acute — a.
Maxillaris, Siagonagra — a. Nodosa, Gout (with
nodosiUes) — a. Planetica, Gout (wandering) — a.
Podagra, Gout — a. Rheumatica, see Rheumatism,
acute — a. Rheumatismus, Rheumatism, acute —
a. Retrograda, Gout (retrograde.)
ARTIIROC'ACF, from a^pov, 'a joint,' and
caxwf, ' bad.' Difroase of the Joints ; and espe-
cially caries of the articular surfaces. Spina
Tentosa.
Arthroc\cb CoxAHUir, Coxarum morbus.
ARTHROCAC0L0G"IA, from orfArocoeia —
aoeording to Busty a chrome disease of the jointa;
and Xoyof, 'a description.' The doctrine of chro-
nic dimiases of the joints.
ARTHROCARCINO'MA, from ap$p€»,'m
Joint,' and KapxivufLa, 'cancer.' Cancer of th«
joints.
ARTHROCHONDRrTIS,from«pd/>«y. '•
Joint,' x'^^h^^t '* cartilage,' and itU, denoting
inflammation. Inflanunaiion of the cartilaget
and joints.
ARTHRO'DIA, from ap^pev, 'a Joint' Adar^
tieula'tio, A moveable Joint, formed by the head
of a bone applied to the surface of a shallow
socket, so that it can execute movements in every
direction. Artkro'dium is ' a small Joint :' dimi-
nutive of Arthrodia.
ARTHRODYN'IA, ArtkrimaVffia, ArtkraF^
gia, from ap5pov, ' articulation/ and e^vrv, ' pain.'
Articular pain. Pain in the Joints. See Rhea-
matism, chronic
Arthrodtkia Podaorica, Gout
ARTHROL'OGY, Artkrolog"ia^ from ap^pw,
'a Joint,' and Xoyof, ' a description.' A descrip-
tion of the joints. The anatomy of the joints.
ARTHROM'BOLfi, from o^poy, and /3a>Xis»
'I cast' Coaptation, reduction. Reduction of
a luxated or fractured bone.
ARTHROMENINGITIS, Meningarthroeaoe.
ARTHRON, ' a Joint' The ancients used the
word Arikron, for the articulation of bones with
motion, in opposition to Sympkyng, or articulft-
tion without motion.
ANTHRONALGIA, Arthrodynia.
ARTHRON'CUS, AHkropky'ma; from ap5(My,
'a joint,' and •yns, 'a swelling.' Tumefactioii
of a joint
ARTHRONEMPYESIS, Arthropyosis.
ARTUROPHLOGO'SIS,fromap^Mv, 'ajoinV
and ^Xtyta, 'I bum;' Artkri'tit, Ostartkro^tit*
Inflammation of the joints.
ARTHROPHYMA ADENOCHONDRIUM,
see Adenochondrius.
ARTUROPYO'SIS, Artkronempye'tit, from
ap5pov, 'a jointy' and now, 'pus.' Suppuration
or abscess of the Joints.
ARTHRO-RHEUMATISMUSi Rheumatism
(acute.)
ARTHRO'SIA, ftt>m a^pM«, 'I articulate.'
ArtkritU, (of some.) Inflammation, mostly con-
fined to the Joints ,* severely painful ; occasionally
extending to the surrounding muscles. A genus
of diseases in the Nosology of Good, including
Bkeumatxnn, Oout, Articular injlamtmation, JoinU
aektf Ac
Arthrosia Acuta, Rheumatism, acute — a.
Chronica, Rheumatism, chronic — a. Lumbomm,
Lumbago — a. Podagra, Gout — a. Podagra cora-
plicata. Gout (retrograde) — a. Podagra larvata.
Gout f atonic) — a. Podagra regularis. Gout (re-
gular.)
ARTHROSIS, Articulation.
ARTHROSPON'GUS, from a^oy, 'a Joint,'
and vToyyoit 'a sponge.' A white, fungous tu-
mour of the joints.
ARTHROTRAU'MA, from ap^, 'a Joint»'
and TpaviiUf 'a wound.' A wound of a Joint
AR'TIA. According to some, this word is sy-
nonymous with apnipta} others use it synony-
mously with Trachea.
ARTIOHAUT, Cynara scolymus.
ARTICHOKE, Cynara scolymus.
ARTICLE, Articulation.
ARTICOCALUS, Cynara scolymus.
ARTICULAR, Arlicula'rU: from ar/M#, 'a
joint;' artieuluM, 'a small Joint' That which re-
lates to the articulations; — as the articular caj»»
tii/««, Ac.
Articular Artkrieb of nxi Abic^ Clnnua-
flex arteries of the arm.
ABTICtTLATIO
lOT
ABTTiEENA
Avnc'vULB AB'Tmm or tri Eitbv arise
from the popliteal artenr, and rarround the tibio-
femoral artienlation. Although of a small size,
they are important^ as they fiunish blood to the
lower extremity after the operation for popliteal
aneorism. They are distingpushed into tuperior
and im/trwr. The ntp€ru>r artimlar arterie9,
popliteal articular art€rie§f are eommonly three
m Bomber ; one of which is internal, another ex-
temtUf and another middle, the atfygoua artic'-
tiisr. The flrsty Bamue anaetmnat'ieue magnue,
anastomose by one branch with the external oir-
eomflez; and by another with the external supe-
rior artienlar. The eeoond anastomoses with the
eztanal eircnmflex, the superior internal artii-
ealar^ and the inferior external artienlar ; and
the third is distributed within the joint The in-
fmricT artiemlar arteriee Mre two in number : an
vHiermal and external. The former anastomoses
with the internal superior articular and the ex-
ternal inferior articular. The latter anastomoses
with the recurrent branch of the anterior tibial,
and the external superior articular. To each
articular artery there is an articular nerve.
Amc'uLAR Facbttbs' are the contiguous
iorfiftoes, by means of whioh the bones are arti-
enlated.
Abticttlar Pbocesses, see Vertebrss.
Abtic'ular Vbhts of the knee follow the
nme course as the arteries.
ARTICULATIO, Articulation— a. Artificialis,
Psendarthrosis — a. Notha, Pseudarthrosis.
ARTICULA'TION, Joint, Artieula'tio, Ar.
ikro^eie, Atearthro'eie, Artiefulue, Junetu'ra, Oola,
Oonjnme'tio, Nodne, Commieeu'ra, Oompa'get,
Sffmtaxfia, Har'wkut, Vertie'uki, Vertie'ulue, Ver-
IiVm^min, (F.) Articulation, Article. Same ety-
mon. The union of bones with each other, as
well as the kind of union.
TABLB OF ABnOlTLATIOirS.
Articulations are generally dirided into Dior-
ikroeee or moreable articulations, and Synar-
ikroece or immoveable.
3. Diarthrosifl, orblcu* ( Ensrthrosls.
1. Arophisrtbraris.
Isr ysfue. \ Artbrodia.
3. Alternative or Gingtymus, which
admits of varieties.
1. Suture.
3. Harmony.
3. Gorophoais.
4. Schindylesis.
The articulations are subject to a number of
Aseasesy which are generally somewhat severe.
These may be physical, as wounds, sprains, luxa-
tions, kc; or they may be organic, as ankylosis,
extraneous bodies, caries, rheumatism, gont^ hy-
drarthroses, arthropyosis, Ac.
Abticulatios means also the combination of
letters which constitute words. See Voice.
Articulatioit, Falsb, Pteudarthro'eie, Artic^-
mlue faleue, (F.) A. faueee, A. aceidentelle, A.
contre nature, A. anormale. A /alee joint, formed
between fragments of bone, that have remained
ununited; or between a luxated bone and the
surrounding parts.
ARTIOULATION EN CHARNIERE, Gin-
glymus— a. de la Hanche, Coxo-femoral articula-
tion.
ARTTCULI DIGITORUM MANUS, Phalan-
ges of the fingers — a. Digitorum pedis, Phalanges
of the toes.
ARTICULO MORTIS, see Psyohorages — a.
Spinalis, Semispinalis oollL
ARTIFICIAL, Artxficia'lie, (F.) ArHficiel;
from are, artie, 'art,' and/ocere, 'to make. That
vUdi is formed b^ art /
Artificial Etes are usually made of enamel,
and represent a sort of hollow hemisphere, whioh
is applied beneath the eyelids, when the eye is
lost
Artificial Tebth are made of ivory, porce-
lain, Ac.
PliCES lyANA TOMIE ARTIFWIELL ES,
are preparations of anatomy, modelled in wax,
plaster, paper, ke,
ARTTSCOCCUS LJSVIS, Cynara scolymus.
ARTIS'CUS, from apro{, 'bread.' See Tro-
cbiscus. A troch of the shape of a small loaf.
Also, and especially, a trooh made of vipers.
ARTOCAR'PUS. The Bread-fruit Tree, (F.)
Jaquier. A Polynesian tree, so called beeanse
the fruit, which is milky, and juicy, supplies the
place of bread to the inhabitants. It grows to
the height of 40 feet
Artocarpus Inteorifolia, Caoutchouc.
ARTOC'REAS, from a^ot, ' bread,' and Kpiat,
' flesh.' A kind of nourishing food made of va-
rious aliments boiled together. — Galen.
ARTOG'ALA, from a^ros, 'bread,' and yaXm,
'milk.' An alimentary preparation of bread and
milk. A poultice.
ARTOM'ELI, .from oprof, 'bread,' and ^lAi,
'honey.' A cataplasm of bread and honey.—
Galen.
ARTUS, Membrum.
ARTYMA, Aroma, Condiment
ARUM, A. macnlatum, and A. triphyllnm — a.
Americannm betsd foliis, Dracontium foetidum.
Arum Dracun'culus, Draeun'euluepolyphvV'
lue, Coluhri'na Draeon'tia, Erva de Sancta J/o-
ria, Gig'arue eerpenta'ria. Arum polyphyVlum,
Serpenta'ria Oalto'rum. Family, Aroideae. S«jc
Syet. Monoecia Polyandria. The roots and leaves
are very acrimonious. The plant resembles the
A. maeula'tum in its properties.
Aruic Eboulen'tdv, Caf^dium eeeulen'tum,
Taro, Kalo. The foliage and roots possess acrid
qualities, which are dissipated by baking or boil-
ing; in which form it is used as food by the
people of Madeira, the Polynesians, Ac.
Arum Macula'tuh, Aron, Arum (of the older
writers). A, vulga'rl, Ouekow Pint, Barha Aaro^^
ni§, Serpenta'ria minor, Zin' giber German' icum,
Sacerdo'tie penie, Wake Robin, Prieefe pintle, (F.)
Qouet, Pied de Veau, The fresh root is stimu-
lant internally. Dose, ^j. of the dried root
Externally, it is very acrid. From the root of
this Arum a starch is prepared, which is called
Portland leland Sago, Cferta eerpenta'ria, Cerut^-
ea eerpenta'ria, Fec'ula ari maeula'ti.
Arum, Three-Leaved, Arum triphyllnm.
Arum, Triphtl'lum, Three-leaved arum, (F.)
Pied de Veau triphyUe, Indian Turnip, Dragon
Root, Dragon Turnip, Pepper Turnip. This
plant grows all over the united States, and is
received into the Pharmacopoeia under the title
Arum. The recent root, or Cormns — Aram, (Ph.
U. S.) — is very acrimonious, and has been em-
ployed in asthma, croup, and hooping-cough.
Boiled in lard, it has been used in Unea capitis,
and in milk in consumption.
Arum ViRoiincuM, Peltandra Virginica — a.
Vulgare, A. maculatum.
ARUMARI, Caramata.
ARUNDO BAMBOS, Bamboo — a. Brachii
major. Ulna — a. Brachii minor, Radius — a. In-
dica, Sagittarium nlexipharmacnm — a. Migor,
Tibia — a. Minor, Fibula — a. Saccharifera, sea
Saccharam.
ARVA, Ava.
ARVXJM, Vulva — a. Natures, Uterus.
ARY-ARYTENOID^US, ArytenoiflsBUS— a-
Epi^otticus, Arytacno-epiglotticTis.
J^YTM'lfA, a^vraiva, ' a Udle.' B^UQft^
ARYTiBNO-BPiaLOTTICUS
108
ASCIA
A R Y T ^ ' N - EPIGLOT'TICUS, Aryta'no-
tpit/lottida'ut, Anf-epiglot'tieut, That which be-
longs to the arytenoid cartilages and epiglottis.
Winslo\T gives this name to small, fleshy fasci-
culi, which are attached, at one extremity, to the
arytcuoiJ cartilages^ and, by the other, to the free
edge of the epiglottis. These fibres do not al-
ways exiHt. They form part of the arytenoid
musclo of modern anatomists.
AR'YTENOID, Arvtanoi'det, Arytenolda'ut,
from apvrai va, * a ladle/ and uiof, * shape.' Ladle-
shaped.
Ara'texoid Car'tilaoes, Cfartilag"ine9 aryte-
no»'(it», C. fjuttura'letf C, Outturi'tUB, C. gutturi'
for'mct, (J. triq'netratf Outtur'niaf are two carti-
lages of tho larynx, situate posteriorly above the
orieoid, which, by approximation, diminish the
aperturo of tho glottis. Their upper extremi-
ties or comua are turned towards each other,
and aro now and then found loose, in the form of
appoiuUcesi, which are considered, by some, as
dibtinct cartilages, and termed cuneiform or fu-
hercuftited Cartilage* or Comie'ula Laryn'git,
Arttr.void Glands, Oland'ula Arytenoids' a,
are small, glandular, whitish bodies, situate an-
terior to tho A. cartilages. They pour out a mu-
oou£> flui'l to lubricate the larynx.
ARYTEXOIDJE'US, (F.) ArytenoUien, A
ffmall mui'cle, which passes from one arytenoid
cartila;;e to the other, by its contraction brings
them together, and diminishes the aperture of
the glotMs. Winslow divided the muscle into
three portions; — the Arytenoidtt'u^ trannvtr'ttff
or Ary -arytenoids' uMf and two Arytenoids' % 06-
li'qui,
ARYTTI'M, Aryth'mutf IVom a, prirative, and
fvOfios, 'rhythm,' 'measure.' Irregular. This
word is applied chiefly to the pulse.
ASA, Asafoetida. See Assa.
ASAFCE'TIDA, A»*a/at'tida, Auafetfida, Ster-
Ct« diah'vlif Cibu9 Deo'rum, Ata, DeviVi dung.
Food of the Qoda, A gum-resin — the concrete
juice of Fer'ula Attafoe'tida, Narthex Anafot'-
tida. Orderf UmbellifersB. It is in small masses
of a whitish, reddish, and violet hue, adhering
together. Taste bitter and subacrid: smell in-
supportably alliaceous. The Asiatics use it re-
gularly as a condiment.
Its medical properties are anUspasmodic, sti-
mulant, and anthelmintio. Dose, gr. v to xx, in
pill.
ASAGR>EA OFFICINALIS, see Veratrina.
AS'APES, * crude,' Atep'ton, A term applied
to the pput-o, or to other matters evacuated, which
do not give ngns of eoction.
ASAPil'ATUM, firom «, privative, and nfiif,
'clear.' This term bos been applied to collec-
tions in the sebaceous follicles of the skin, which
may be pressed out lll^e Httle worms, with a black
head. 8oe Acne.
ASAPni'A, from a, privative, and va^ntt
' dear.* Dy^pho'nia immodula'ta paltUVna^ Pa-
rapho'nia guttura'lit; P, palati'na. Defective
articulation, dependent upon diseased palate. —
Hippocrates, Vogel.
ASARABAOCA, Asarnm — a. Broad-leaved,
Asannn Oanadense,
ASAR'COX, from a, privative, and mp^, 'flesh.'
Devoid of flesh. Aristotle uses the term for the
bead when it is but little fleshy, compared with
the chect and abdomen.
ASARET, Asarum— ^o. du Canada, ABaxum
Canadense.
ASARI'TE?, from aeapov, 'the asarum.' A
diuretic wine, of which asarum was an ingredient.
— Dioscorides.
AS' A RUM, firom «, privative, and vaipuv, 'to
adorn:' booaoM not admitted Into the andent
coronal wreaths ; Alarum Europs'^m, A. offUi-
na'lif Nardu* Monta'na, Nardu* Jiutt'ica, Aj/-^
arum, (F.) A*aret ou Cnburetf Oreille cTkomm^p
OreilUttef Oirard-RowtiUf Nard Saurnge. Famu
Aroidese. Sex. SytL Dodecandria MonogynSiu
The plant, used in medicine, is the Av'arvin Eu^
rops'um, Atarahac'cOf and of this the leaves.
They are emetic, cathartic, and errhine, but are
hardly ever employed, except for the last purpose.
ASARUH Camaden'sV, a. Carolinia'num, Om»
nada Snakeroot, Wild Oinger, Oolt'§ Foot, Broad*
haf AtarabctccOf Indian Ginger^ Heart Snakm*
root, (F.) Ataret du Canada. The root A«'ar«a^
(Ph. U. S.) is used as a substitute for ginger, and
is said to act as a warm stimulant and dia-
phoretic. ^
AsARUH CAROLiNiANinr, A. Canadense — e.
Europseum, see Asarum — a. Hypocistis, Cytinoe
hypocistis — a. Officinale, see Asarum.
ASBESTOS SCALL, see Eczema of the hairy
scalp.
ASCAIN, MINERAL WATERS OP. Ascmin
is a village, situate about a league from St. Jean-
de-Lus, in France. The water is a cold chaly-
beate.
ASCARDAMYC'TES, from «, privative, and
vKaoSaftvrrttt * I twinkle the eyes.' One who staree
witn fixed eyes, without moving the eyelids.**
Hippocrates.
ASCARICIDA ANTHELMINTICA, Vemo-
nia anthelmintica.
ASGARIDE LOJfBRICOlDE, Ascaris lum-
bricoides — a, Vermieulaire, Ascaris vermicnlaris.
AS'CARIS, pL ASCAR'IDES, from moKofi^,
' I leap.' A genus of intestinal worms, eharae«
terized by a long, cylindrical body, extenuated
at the extremities ; and having a mouth furnished
with three tubercles, from which a very shorl
tube is sometimes seen issuing. Formerly, there
were reckoned two varieties of the Ascaris — the
At'carit lumbrieoVdetf Lumbri'cu§f L, teres Aom'«
ini»f Scolex, At'carit gigat hom'inisy (F.) Lomhri*
ccHdef Atcaride lombricoldef LombriCf L. Teret^
or long round worm ; and the A»'cari» VerpncH~
la'rit — the Ascaris proper — the thread worm or
maw worm. The former is alone included under
the genus, at present — a new genus having been
formed of the A. vermieularit, under the name
Oxyuris. It is the Oxyu'rit vermicula'ri*^ (F.)
Atearide, A. vermieulairef Oxyure vermieulaire,
A new species of entozoa has been found by
Dr. Bellingham, the A«'cari« ala'ta.
Ascaris Alata, see Ascaris — a. Gigas ho-
minis, see Ascaris — a. Lumbricoides, see Ascaris
— a. Trichuria, Trichocephalus — a. Vermicnlaris^
see Ascaris.
AS'CELBS, At'helet, Carent eru'ribvn, from m,
privative, and vkcXos, 'a leg.' One who has no legs.
ASCEI.LA, Axilla.
ASCEN'DENS, from atcenderef {ad and tean-
deref) 'to ascend.' (F.) Aaeendant. Parts are
thus called, which are supposed to arise in a re-
gion lower than that where they terminate.
Thus, Aorta a»cenden§ is the aorta from its ori-
gin to the arch : Vena cava a»cenden§, the large
vein which carries the blood from the inferior
parts to the heart : Obliquut ascendent {mutcU,)
the lesser oblique muscle of the abdomen, ke,
ASCEN'SUS MORBI. The period of increase
of a disease.
ASOESTS, Exercise.
ASCHIL, Scilla.
ASCHISTODAC'TYLTJS, Syndac'tylut : from
a, privative, extfrot, 'cleft;' and iaKrvXotf 'a
finger.' A monster whose fingers are not sepi^
rated from one another. — Gurlt.
AS'CIA, Arini, 'an axe,' Scepar'not^ DoVabrop
Fa/^eia tpira'lit. Name of a bandage mentioned
bj HfaipMnlM and Oalan. and figond
tetns. in tha ->— - -' -~ — — »-'-i>"
Sea Daloin.
ASCILLA, Axilla.
ASCt'TES, &om •««(, 'a bottle:' — AiiK'tat,
Htdnt^U Pmttmm'i, Hgdnpt Abdom'init, H.
Afrila, llfdrogai'ltr, ifvtlrvHntoM'am, Ilgdnt-
oo'fia. Hgdr^trtm. AKlflei.Oaliodi'fH', Drupn
af titt toKtr btUj, Drvpnof Ikt PiriKmt'iim, (F./
ATi>r,lIadto-pfHu,%it,HfdroBUi<d~Ila»-ttian.
AcoUmioDofieroaiillDidiDtbeabdoinflo. Ai~
atas propel ii dropsj of the periloneam; and b
cbaneleriied b; incraaaed il» of Ilia abdomaoi.
b; ductiutjoa aud the general aigni of dropijL
£t 11 rarvLj a prunaiy
langTroiu» and bnt lit
Uoat generaJljt \l ia oving \a obitfuctad ciron-
the Teueli of the abdominal oigiDi. The tnat.
inent is eisentiall; the aame aa (hM of other drop-
ri«. Paiacenteiin. when had reooune to, can
onl; be repud«d aa a paltiatiTa.
Drops; of lh« pAtitonenm may alao be laocated
oi in ejsts, and occaeioiuUlj tha fluid accamulatei
' r U the poritaneant, Bj/drtfigat'tnum.
■' -- tetAHydriKi '■' " '
B. cy»'(i™
A^clI£S HiPiTO-CTiTicri, Torgeeoantia red-
(■la lelleii — a. Orarii, Hydrope OTarii— a. Pom-
lentni, Pjwolia — a. SaSEatas, laa Aidtai, H;-
dnBrioD, and Hjdropa oraiiL
ASCLEPI'A1>£, Atdtpf.adti; from AtcXim'c.
• AaoUapiiu.' The prittlp\yririaiu, who lerreo
Uok their name from bring hii deacendanta.
ASOL^PIADE, Aiilepiaa yinoMoiicnm,
ASCLEPIAB ALBA, A. Tinootoilcmn — *
Apocjanm, A. Sjriaea.
AscLi'pllB AsTBUlT'lca.Qinan'cAHiii/penmi-
am'lu, (F.) /DcraruiHAa blanc dt VBt d> Franet.
; plant of tha Ilia of France, regaidad
iqr Bool, Fla Soot, Wind Rant, Wiii, Boot,
hatehW.— Qalan. Orawji SkbUok Rout, Silk ir«i/, Oma.'a Bou^
SooUd Sical'lau
Sc^. Sif,i. PeB-
aetbmi
AscLKPiAS Citispa, GomphooarpDi crlipos.
AiCLEPiia Curas91t'ici, Biulard Ipetaeu-
wOa, Eedl-tad, Blood<md. Tbe learei an
aneUe in the doge of one or two geniplM. It
b the /ffianuamia llaiK ot St. ]>omiiiga.
AiCLEFiU Drcdh'besi; tho loot. Eacharotlo,
AscLEFiAS, Flesb-couiDHID, A. IncBHiata.
AicLiPua OiSAMTB'i. The milk; Juie* ir
Tarj cluutic It ia naed in Halabar againal.
hrapea; and, mixed with oil, in gout. Set
Hndar.
AacLE
a Ixcau
, FltA
>r thia plant, wl
larti of the Uniud Slataa, hai the IB
u A. BjriacL
AacLEPiAs OaoTATA, A. STriaca.
T<ihtroi
tandria Digynla. Said to havo be .
moDdud bj tha Aaalepiadae. In Virginia and tha
Carolinu, the root of thig plant baa boeo long
MlebroMd aa a remedy in pneomonic oSocUoDt,
It ig luduriac, and the powder acta ■> a mild
. ItscI
powf
torant, diaphoretic, a
lionallj gi«en to relisTe paing of tbe ttoinaA
from flatulency and indigeation.
AscLEPiAB VmCETOX'iCDH, A. A!bn. tViioa'.
ck.m Vlicaoi'icium, FiMtlox-iam, V. OJicma'a,
Hinmdina'ria, Apoc"!finiM Jfoua An'glia *!>«••
Ian, Ac, SKitltaw-Wort, Wkiu SicaUaa-Wort,
(F.) AKlfptadt, DoaifU-vtnin.
The root ig gaid to be atimulant, diuretic, and
emmeuagogug, but ia hardly ever uaed.
ASCLIiPIASMUS, UBmorrhoii.
ASCLITES, Aaeitea.
ASCO'MA, from um. 'a botUe.' Tbe end-
nance of the pubea at the period of puberty in
femiilH.— Kufut of Ephaaoa.
ASK, Aniicty,
ASELLI, Oniici agellL
ASELLUS, Onigcui.
ASE'MA CRISIS, ipms s<n,^a, from ., prirs-
pectadly andwitboutthe ordinary precurtory ligna.
ASEPTON, ABapei.
ASU, BITTER, Quaniia — a. Blue, FraEiniu
quadrangulaUt — a. Mountain, Sorbua acugurik
—a. Prickly, Aralia gpinoM, XaoUioiylum <:UTk
nerculia — a. Prickly, ihrublij, Xantboiylum
fraiineum— a. Stinking, Ptelea trifuliatu — a.
Tree, Fraiiuug excaliior— a. While, Fruinui
Abetl
An Egyptian plant, the leaTcg of whie
.e into a plaater, and applied to indclei
. The milky jnice ii oaogtie, and i* ujwd : Ori
Apoctti'iii.
ASIUS LAPIS, ABBioi Lapis.
A8JAQAN, A^Jogam. An Indian tne, tl»
lice of whoae Icavga, mixed with powdered
imin aceda, ig employed in India in eolic
AaJOQAM, A^agaa.
ASKELES, Aacelea.
ABKITES, Aioilcg.
ABO'DKS, Auo'drt, from hi,, 'diagual.' <«att-
y.' A feTcr accompanied with anxiety aud
ASPALASO'MUB, from imAif,' 'a mole,' and
ipa, 'body.' A genus of munateri In which
lere la imperfect derelopment of the eyes. —
G. 5l ililaira. AIao, a malformatioo, in whioh
>e fiuure and eTentratioTi extend chiefly upon
a in an ine lower part of the abdomen; the urinury ap-
rirtnei i paralua, genitala and rectnm opening eilemallj
by three distinct orifices. —VogcL
I ASPALTUH, Aaphaltum.
A8PARAGINE, see Aeparagng.
A8PAIl'AQU8. Atpnr'agM ojttioa'lu. Com.
Unoroju, Spat'aaui, Sptr'agut, Spam
Grat. " - " -' ■--■--■-'-- - "
HeiB
, A'-.l. Ord. Asp
odelen.
1 -ffiei
SS,X:
e din.
Aeai — a. Pnbesceni, A. Syriaci. I retic, perhapg owing to the Immcdiatt
AacLEprAS Striaca, A. paba'ettu, A. apoe"//- litable principle, J iparajfine. The yoang >booi«
mm, A. obom'ia aen lommia'ia, Commim SiUt- are a well known and esteemed TOgetable diet.
rttd. Milk Wttd, (F.) Htrbt d la kontut. Tbr . They coramunlcate a peculiar odour '
eortica>part of the root baa been giTen, in pow- '"" " -j--'^*----- *
der, in aathmatie and pulmonie affeetiona in ge-
nrnl, and, it ia gaid, with gacccei.
AacLE'piAg Sullitax'tu, Sinoolk Jfilkieetd,
BOkiat t d; iadigeDDug, poaiengi the game Tirtaes
AacuiPLU ToKBirToiA, A. Byriaca.
ASPA'SIA. A ball of wood loaked in an in.
aaioB of galls, and aged by femaleg for W)ngtrln|>
■ ragina.
ASPERA ABTEBIA.
110
ABPUEHIUH
ASPERA ARTERIA, Tnoheft.
ASPEROE, Aspangns.
ASPERITAS ARTERLS ASPERfi, Ran-
ASP6RIt£ DBS PAUPIMrES, TraohonuL
ASPER'ITY, Atper'itat, roughness. Asperi-
ties are inequalitios on the ii^oea of bones,
which often serve for the insertion of fibrous
organs.
ASPERMATIA, Aspermatismns.
ASPERMATIS'MUS, A»per'mia,Atperma'tUi,
from a, privative, and cwi^a, 'sperm.' Reflux
of sporm from the urethra into the bladderi dur-
ing the venereal orgasm.
ASPERMIA, Aspermatismos.
ASPERSIO, Catapasma, FomenUtion.
ASPER'SION, AMper'tiOf from atpergtre (ad
and tpargere,) 'to sprinkle,' (F.) Arrotement,
Act of sprinkling or pouring a liquid ffuUatim
over a wound, ulcer, kc
ASPERULA, Galium aparlne.
AsPEii'uLA Odora'ta, Ga'Uum odora'Unm, Ma-
trin/Vvay Ifepa^iea tteUa'ta, (F.) AtpSnUe odo-
rante ou Jfuguet det &OM, Hipatunte itoiUe. Ftum,
Rubiaceas. Sex, Sy9t, Tetx«nuri» Monogynia.
Siceet-Mcented Wood-roof, Said to be diuretic,
deubstruent, tonic, and vulnerary.
ASp£rULB odor ante, AsperulA odo-
rata.
ASPHALTI'TES, Nephri'tet, Nephri'tU, Pri-
ma Vertebra lumba'ria, same etymon as asphal-
tum. A name given by some to the last lumbar
Tertebra. — GorrsBus.
ASPHAL'TUM, Kep'ta, Artorfo*, AtphaVium,
from ac^oXi^uVf 'to strengthen.' With the Greeks,
this word signified any kind of bitumen. It is
now restricted chieflv to the Bitt'xkh of Ju-
D^'A, B, Juda'teutn, A. §ol'idum, JeiM* Pitch, Ka-
rait of SoJom, (F.) A«phaUe, It is Bolid, friable,
TiU'eous, black, shining, inflammable, and of a
fetid smelL An oil is obtained from it by distil-
lation. It enters into the composition of certain
ointments and plasters.
It is collected on the surface of the water of
the Dead Sea or Lake Asphaltites, in Judssa.
ASPHARINE, Galium aparine.
ASPHOD'ELUS, A. Ramo'm, A, Albw, A. Ma-
ri»,Ha9'tula Regit, (F.) Lis atphodiU. The bulbs
of this southern European plant have an acrimony
which they lose in boiling water. They contain
a fccula with which bread has been made, and
have been considered diuretic. They have been
used as a succedaneum for the squilL
ASPUTX'IA, from a, priv., and vfv^tf, 'pulse,'
De/ee'tutPuUiUfAcrotit'mtUfSidera'tio, Svdera'-
tio. For a long time, Asphyxia was confined to
the sense of ' suspension of circulation or Syn-
cope.' It now generally means nupended ani-
wtatioH, produced by the nonconversion of the
venous blood of the lungs into arterial Ap-
nee' a, Apneut'tia, Apnaatphyx'ia, Anhmfnato'-
§ia, Ee'lj/tit pneumo-eardi'aea. Owing to the
supply of air being cut 00", the unchanged venous
blood of *he pulmonary artery passes into the
minute radicles of the pulmonary veins, but their
peculiar excitability requiring arterial blood to
excite them, stagnation takes place in the pul-
monary radicle', and death occurs caiefly from
this cause, — not owing to venous blood being
distributed through the system, and ' poisoning*
St, as was the idea of Bichat Oanu atphyxfia,
Ifort appa'rent, Mort putati'va, Pteudothan^atos,
Apparent death, (F.) Mort apparente, is charae-
teriKe<l by suspension of respiration, of the cere-
liral functions, Ac. Several varieties of Asphyxia
bave been designated.
I. AsPHTx'iA OP TBI NKW-BoRif, A, neonato'-
This if often dependent r^dn the fteble
eondition of the infknty not pennlttSng rwpimtka
to be established.
2. Aspbt'ia bt Noxious Iitbala'tioh or i»>
halation of gases, some of which cause death hf
producing a spasmodic closure of Uie glottis:
others by the want of oxygen, and others an
positively deleterious or poisonous.
3. ASPBTX'IA BT STBAXGULA'nON Or Suffoctf-
tian; produced by mechanical impediment to
respiration, as in strangulation.
4. AsPBTx'iA BT Subxer'biob, A, hjf drowm-'
ing, A, Jmmern'rum, as occurs in the drowne4»
who perish in consequence of the medium te
which they are plunged, being unfit for respii*-
tion. See Submersion.
Mr. Chevalier has used the term AMphtn^im
Idiopath'iea, for fatal syncope owing to relaz*-
tion of the heart. See Suffocation.
AsPBTx'iA Immxbsoruh, A. by submersion-^
a. Local : — see Gangrene— a. Neonatorum, A. of
the new-bom — a. Pestilenta: — see Cholem— n.
Pestilential : — see Cholera.
ASPHYX'IAL. Routing to asphyxii
phyxial phenomena.'
ASPHYXIE DBS PARTIES, Gangreno—
ck Lente det noKvean-n^*, Induration of Uie cel-
lular tissue.
ASPHTX'IED, Atphyxiattd, same etymon.
In a state of asphyxia.
ASP 10, Aspis ; also, Lavendula.
ASPIDISCOS, Sphincter ani extemus.
ASPID'IUM ATHAMAN'TICUM. A South
African fern, Nat, Ord, Filices, which is pos-
sessed of anthelmintic properties. Its caudex, in
the form of powder, infusion, or electuary, hai
been found excellent in helminthiasis, and espo-
oially in tapeworm.
AspiDiuM CoRiACBVM, CalaguslsB radix — ••
Dcpointuin, Poljpodium fill: mac — s, DLv:olo7,8fe
Calagualfe radix — a. Erosum, Polypodium fillx
mas — a. Filix foemina, Asplenium filix foemina—
a. Ferrugineum, see Calagualss radix — a. FUiz
mas, Polypodium filix mas.
ASPIRATIO, Inspiration.
ASPIRA'TION, Adtpira'tio, Atpfra'tio, from
atpirart {ad and sptrare) 'to breathe.' Hie
French sometimes use the term synonymously
with inspiration. It also means the act of at-
tracting or sucking like a pump. ImbibitioB.
Also, Uie pronunciation of a vowel with a ftill
breath.
ASPIS, avitit, A name given by the ancients
to a venomous serpent— the Egyptian viper of
Lac^p^de, (F.) Atptc. Its bite is very dangeroosy
and it is supposed to have been the reptile whldi
Cleopatra used for her destruction.
ASPLE'NIUM, from a, priv., and nXtiv, 'the
spleen.' Spleenwort, Miltva§te,
Asplenium Aurxux, A. ceterach.
Asplb'niux Cxt'xracb, a. au*reum sen tali*
fo'lium, Qymnogram'mi ceteraeh, DoradiVla,
Blechnum §qyamo'ntm, Seolopen'dria^ Athyr'ion,
Cet'erach omeina'rum seu canarien'tit, Oramwtff'
tet cet'erach seu au'rea, Oynop'teris ceterach, Vit-
ta'ria ceterach, (F.) DoradiUe, Supposed to be
subastringent and mucilaginous, and has been
recommended as a pectoral. It has also been
given in calculous cases.
Asplb'niux Filix FoB'BTTfA, Polypo'dium /Uix
fitmina, P, molli sen denta'tum sen tfict'mm sea
trif'idum, Aepidium filix fcnmina, Athyr'iumfilim
fmmina seu wtolU seu cva'tum seu tri/'idnm, Pt9*
ri* palue'trit. Female fem^ Spleentport, (F.) /Vm-
gire femelle. The root of this plant reitemblet
that of the male fern, and is said to possess simi-
lar anthelmintic virtues. The name ftmaU/tm
is also given to Pttria •ptiHna,
A8PR1D0
lU
ABTHMA
ABPLimra LATTFounc, A. eeienMb— •• Ma-
Bil0, A. nitar— A. Obtasum, A. mta mnnrUu
Asplb'viux Ruta Mura'ria, A» mura'U sen
oftni'MMi, Parouych'iOf PkyUi'ti* rtUa mmra'ria,
Soolopen'drium ruta wmra'riaf YTol/rwe, White
Maidenhair, Ttniwortf Adian'tum album, Buta
mura'ria, Safvia Vitm, (F.) Bue de* muraiUet,
Samtt'Vit, Us«d in the lame eases as the last
Asplb'nium Scolopxn'dbiuii, Scolopendrium
^eima'rum sea lingua sea phylWtia sea vulga*-
ri, Seolopen'dra, Seolopen'aria, Harft Tongue,
BpUemwort, PhjiUi'Ha, Lingua eervi'na Bleehnum
iigni/o'littm, (F.) Seolopendre, Langue de Mr/,
F^perties like the last.
Amplb'nium TrichoxaitoI'dbs^ a. Trickom'-
ame; PhgllVtu rotundi/o'lia, CalyphyVlum, Tri-
thom'anet, T, erena'ta, Adian'tum rubrum. Com-
mon Maidenhair, Polut'riehum eomnuifnif (F.)
Poiytrie, Properties Ilka the UsL
A6P&EJ>0, Txikcfaoma— A. Miliaoe^ Miliaiy
ftrer.
ASPBELB, Hipporis TalgariB.
ASSACOU, Hara Brasiliensis.
ASSA DOUX, Beojamln—a. DoloiSy Bei\|».
■sin — a. Odorata, Benjamin.
ASSABA. a Guinea shrab, whose leares are
considered capi^le of dispersing buboes.
ASSAFETIDA, AsafoeUda.
ASSAFCBTIDA, AsafoeUda.
ASSAIERET. A compound of bitter, stoma,
ehie, and purgatire medicines ia the form of pilL
«— Avieenna.
ASSAISONNEMENT, Condiment.
ASSAKUR, Saccharnm.
ASSALA, see Hyristioa moschata.
ASS ARTHROSIS, Articulation.
ASSA'TIO, OpU^eie The boUing of food or
medicines in their own Juice, without the addi-
tion if >. '. 7 liquid. VaiiouB kinds of cooking by
b^t — Galen.
ASSELLA, Axilla.
AS'SERAC, Aeeie. A preparation of opium
or of some narcotic, osed by die Turks as an ez>
dtant.
ASSERGULUM, Splint
ASSBHVATJON, Conserratioii.
ASSES' MILK, see Milk, asses.
Absbs' Milk, Abtipicial, see Milk, asias.
AS'SIDENS, from ad, 'to,' and etdere, *to'be
"eated.* That which accompanies or is ooncomi-
«nt An epithet applied to the aeoessory symp-
toms, AnifUn'tia ngna, and general phenomena
of disease.
ASSIDENTIA 8IGNA, fee Assidens.
ASSIMILATION, Aeeimila'tio, Simila'tio,
Appropria'tio, Bxomoio'§ie,Momoio'ei9, Thrtpeie,
Threj^tiei : from amimilare, {ad, and suatlare,)
'to render similar.' The act by which living
bodies appropriate and transform into their own
snlMtanoe matters with which they may be placed
in eontnct
ASSIS, Asserac
Ab'SIUS LAPIS, A'eiue Lapi: A sort of
stone or earth found near the town of Assa in
the Tread, which had the property of destroying
proud flesh.
ASSODES, Asodes.
ASSOUPiaSBMEIfT, Somnolency.
ASSOURON, see Myrxu Pimento
ASSUETUDO, Habit
A8SULA, SpUnt
ASSULTUS, Attack.
ASSUMPTIO, Prehension.
ASTACI PLUVIATIU8 CONCREMSNTA,
Caacromm ohelss.
ASTACUS FLUVUTILIS, Crab.
A6TAKILL0S, Araneum uleus.
ABTAJLZOF. Aa ointoMDV eompoaed of li-
tharge, frog's spawn, Ac. Also, camphnr, di^
solred in rose water. — Paracelsus.
ASTASIA, Dysphoria.
ASTER ATTICUS, Bubonium.
AsTEB CoBDXFOLius, Htart-Uavtd After, As
Punieeus, Bough-etemmtd Aeter, and other indi-
genous species, Ord«r Compoeitsa, possess aro-
matic properties.
AsTBB Dtsentebicvb, Inula dysenteriea — a.
Heort-leared, A. cordifolius — a. Helenium, Inula
Helenium — a. InguioaUs, Eryngium campeetra
— a. Officinalis, Inula helenium.
AsTBR, RouaH-STBiiicED, A. Punlcous — a.
Undulatus, Inula dysenteriea.
ASTE'RIA GEMMA, Aete'rine, Aatroi'ie; A^^
trioe, Aetrob'olus, The ancients attributed ima-
ginary rirtues to this stone, — that of dispersing
Jfmvi Materni, for example.
ASTERIAS LUTEA, Gentiana lutea.
A6TER0CEPHALU8 6UCCISA, Scabiosa
succisa.
ASTHBNES, Infirm.
ASTHENI'A, Vie imminu'ta, from a, priv.,
and e^evet, 'force,' 'strength.' Want of strength,
debility. (F.) AffaiblieeemenL Infirmity. A
word used in Uiis sense by G^en, and employed,
especially by Brown, to designate debility of the
whole economy, or diminution of the vitiJ forces.
He distinguished it into (Street and indirect : the
former proceeding from diminution of stimuli;
the latter from exhaustion of incitabllity by the
abuse of stimuli.
AsTBBNiA DEGLrnnoiaB, Pharyngoplegia — a.
Pectoralis, Angina Pectoris. .
ASTHENICOPYRA, Ferer, adynamic.
ASTHENICOPTRETUS, Fever, adynamic
ASTHENOPIA, Debil'itae vtXU, CF.) Affair
bUeeement de la Vue, from a, pn^.y fftfcver,
'strength.* and ui//, 'the eyo.' Weakness of
sight; Weak-eightedneee.
ASTHENOPYRA, Fever, adynamic. Typhus.
ASTHENOPYRETUS, Fever, adynamic.
ASTHMA, from av9/ia, 'laborious breathing;*
frvm ««, 'I respire.' A, epae'tieum adulto'rumf
A, Senio'rum, A, Convulei'vum, A, epae'tieum tn-
temUt'tene, Dyepnae'a et orthopnce'a eonvuhi'va.
Malum Cadu'eum pnlmo'num, JSroken-teindedneee,
Nervoue aethma, (F.) Aethme, A, nerveux, Diffi"
culty of breathing, recurring at intervals, accom-
panied with a wheesing sound and sense of con-
striction in the chest ; cough and expectoration.
Asthma is a chronic disease, and not curable
with facility. Excitant and narcotic antispas-
modics are required.
There are no pathognomonic physical signs of
asthma. In some cases, the respiration is uni-
versally puerile during the attack. In the spas-
modic form, the respiratory murmur is very feeble
or absent during the fit; and in all forms percas-
sion elicits a clear pulmonary sound. The disease
generally consists in some source of irritation, and
occasionally, perhaps, in paralysis of the pneu-
mogastric nerves, Bronehopetraly'eie, Paraly'eie
nervi vagi in parte thor€te"iea, more frequently
of the former — all the phenomena indicating
constriction of the smaller bronchial ramifica-
tions. The treatment is one that relievos spas-
modic action — ^narcotics, counter-irritants, change
of air, Ac.
Asthma Acu'tuv, of Millar, A, epae'tieum m-
fan'tum, Ognan'ehi Traehea*lie epaemod'ieOf (F.)
Aethme aigu. Probably, spasmodie croup. (?)
See Asthma Thymicum.
Asthma Abbium, Pneumothorax — a. A^'rium
ab Emphysemate Pulmonam, Emphysema of the
Lungs — a. Arthritioum, Angina Pectoris.
Asthma, Cardiac Dyspnoea dependent upon
diseaao of the heart
ASTHMATIC
US
A8TYPHIA
AsTHVi. CorrcLsrvuic, Angina pectoris— r a.
Diapliragmaticnniy Angina PectoriB — a. Dolori-
flcam, Aogina pectoris — a. Emphysematioam,
Pneumothorax.
AsTQUA, QRi.vDERs'y Ortudtr^ Rot, The ag-
Eegate of functional phenomena, indaced by the
halation of particles thrown off daring the
operation of grinding metallic instmments, Ac.
The structural changes induced are enlargement
of the bronchial tubes, expansion of the pulmo*
nary tissue, and phthisis.
AsTHUA Gypseuh, A. palTomlentnm — a. Hay,
Fever, hay.
Asthma Hu'miduii, Humid, Oommofi, or <S||pif-
ting asthma J is when the disease is accompanied
with expectoration. It is also called A. humo'
ra'lif A. ^atuhn'tum, A, pneumon'icum, BUnno-
tko'rax chron'icu9, <fco.
Asthma Infantum, Cynanche trachealis — a.
Infantum Spasmodicum, A. Thymicum — a. Kop-
pian. A. Thymicum — a. Laryngeum Infantum,
A. Thymicum — a. Montanum, A. pnlverulentum
—a. Nervous, Asthma — a. Nocturnum, Incubus.
Asthma PrLVSRULBN'riTH, A. gyp'teum, A.
montn'num. The variety of asthma to which
millers, bakers, grinders and others are subject.
Asthma Siccux, so called when the paroxysm
is sudden, violent, and of short duration ; cough
slight, and expectoration scanty ; spasmodic con-
striction.
Asthma Spastico-Arthriticux Ixgokstaks,
Angina pectoris — a. Spasticum Infantum, A.
Thymicum.
Asthma Thy'micuk, A. T. Kop'pii, A. tpcu'ti'
eum in/ixn'tuiiif A. in/an'tum «pa«mo'^iciim, T'Ay-
ma«fA'//(a, Cynan'cki trachta'lu tpatmod'iea,
Spa*mu9 glot'tidit, Atthma laryngeum in/an!-
tunif A, intermit' ten9 in/an'tum, A. Dentien'tium,
A. period' icum acu'tum, Kqppian A»thma, Thymic
Aifthmaf Larynfjia'mn» itrid'ulut, Laryngo-itpat-
mut, Apnir'a in/an'tum, Spaam of the larynx,
Spaam of the (jlottia, Croup-like inspiration 0/ in-
/ants, Child-crowing, Spasmodic croup, Pseudo-
croup^ Spu'rious croup, Cer'ebral croup, Su/^/ocat-
itig nervous catarrh, (F.) Laryngite striduleuse,
faux Group, Pseudo-croup nerveux, Spasme de la
Olotte et du Thorax. A disease of infants, cha-
racterized by suspension of respiration at inter-
Tals ; j;reat difficulty of breathing, especially on
waking, swallowing, or crying ; ending often in a
fit of suffocation, with convulsions. The patho-
logy of the disease has been supposed to consist
in an enlargement of the thymus gland, or of
the glands of the neck pressing on the pneumo-
gastric nerves. (?) The ear, on auscultation, at a
distance from the chest, detects an incomplete,
acute, hissing inspiration, or rather cry ; whilst
the expiration and voice ar* oroupal, both at the
accession and termination of the paroxysm. The
heart's action has been observed to be distinct
and feeble.
These symptoms are often accompanied by ri-
g'dity of the fingers and toes ; the thumb being
equently drawn forcibly into the palm of the
clenched hand, whence the name Oarpo-pedcU
(tpasm, applied, at times, to the disease.
Asthma Tyi'icum. Asthma characterised by
periodicity.
Asthma Uteri, Hysteria — a. Weed, Lobelia
inflata.
ASTIIMAT'ir, Asthmat'ieus, Pnoocdyfieu^,
Affected with asthma. Relating to asthma.
ASTHME AIGU, Asthma acutum— a. Ner-
veux., Asthma.
AS'TOMUS, from a, privative, and crofia, 'a
month.' One without a month. Pliny speaks
of a people in India without months^ who live
QgJuUUu et odare I
ASTRAGALS COL IT, CoUam astragali
ASTRAGALOIDES SYPHILITICA,
gains exscapus.
ASTRAQ'ALUS, Talus, the AnkU, Qva'trut,
Quar'tio, Quater'nio, Diah'ehos, Peza, Cavi^ulOf
Cavil'la, Tetro'ros, As'trion, Os Ballist'a, from
aoTpayaXos, * a die,' which it has been considered
to resemble. ^?) A short bone situate at the su-
perior and middle part of the tarsus, where it if
articulated with the tibia. It is the ankle hon§,
s/ifio bone, or Jirst bone o/the/oot. The anterior
surmce is convex, and has a well-marked promi-
nence, supported by a kind of neck, and benoe
has been called the head 0/ the astragalus. The
astragalus is developed by two points of ossifica-
tion.
Astrao'alus Exs'capxjs, Astragalox'de$ ly-
philit'ica, StemUss Milk-vetch, (F.) Astragale d
gousses velus. Nat, Ord, Leguminosse. Seat,
Sytt, Diadelphia Decandria. The root is said to
have cured confirmed syphilis.
Astrag'alus Trag acanthus, setf Tragacanth.
AsTRAo'ALrs Verus, Spina hirei, Astrag*ah$
cusulea'tus, Goat's thorn, Jiilk-vetch, The plant
which affords Gum Trag'aeanth, See Trag»-
oantha.
ASTRANTIA, Imperatoria — a. Diapensia, Sa-
nicula.
AS'TRAPE, Corusea'tio, FuJgur, Fulmen,
Lightning, Qalen reckons it amongst the re-
mote causes of epilepsy.
ASTRIC'TION, Astric'tio, Stypsis, AdstriefHo*
Cfonstric'tio, from astrtngere, {wl and stri%»gere,}
'to constringe.' Action of an astringent sub-
stance on the animal economy.
ASTRICTORIA, Astringents.
ASTRINGENT ROOT, Comptonia asplenl-
folia.
ASTRINGENTS, Astringen'tia, Adstricto'riop
Adstringen'tia, Stryphna, Catastal'tica, Constrinm
gen'tia, Contrahen'tia, Stegno'tica, Syncrit'ica,
Astricto* ria. Same etymon. Medicines which
have the property of constringing the organic
textures. External astringents are called Styp*
tics.
The following are the chief astringents : Aci-
dum Snlphuricum, A. Tannicum, Alumen, Ar-
gent! Nitras, Catechu, Creasoton, Cupri Sul-
phas, Tinct. Ferri Chloridi, Liquor Ferri, Nitra-
tis, Ferri Sulphas, Gallee, Htematoxylon, Kino,
Krameria, Liquor Calcis, Plumbi Acetas, Quorcuf
Alba, Quercus Tinctoria, Zinci Sulphas,
ASTRION, Astragalus.
ASTRIOS, Astoria gemma.
ASTROBLES, from aarfov, 'a star,' and /JoXXiiu
' I strike.' Ono struck by the stars (sidtra'tus,)
One who is in a state of sideration — in an apo-
plectic state. — Gorrseos.
ASTROBOLIS'MUS, Heli'asis, miio'sts;
same etymology. Sidera'tion or action of the
stars on a person. Apoplexy. — Theophrastui^
Gorraeus.
ASTROBOLOS, Asteria gemma.
ASTROITIS, Asteria gemma.
ASTROL'OGY, Astrolog"ia, from aaroov, 'a
star,' and \oyof, * a discourse.' The art of divin-
ing by inspecting the stars. This was formerly
considered to be a part of medicine; and was
called Judicial Astrology, to distinguish it from
astronomy.
ASTRON'OMY, Astronom'ia, from acrpov, 'a
star,' and yofio(, *a law,' *rule.' A science which
makes known the heavenly phenomena, and the
laws that govern them. Hippocrates places Uiia
and astrology amongst the necessary studies af
a physician.
ASTRUTHIUM, Imperatoria.
ASTYPHIA, Impotence.
A8TT8U
lU
ATLA0
ASTTSIA, ImpoteDot.
ASUAR, MTTobalaniu Indiofti
ASULCI, I^pis UzalL
ASTKODIA, Impotence.
ATACT03, ErniUc.
ATARACTAPOIE'SIA, Ataraetoplte'na, from
«, prirative, ropcxrvf, 'troabled/ and xotuv, 'to
buJeo.* Intrepidity, firmness ; a quality of which,
accordiils to Hippocrates, the physician ongbt to
be possessed in the highest degree.
ATARAX'IA, from «, privatiye, and rapo^itf
'trouble/ * emotion.' Moral tranquillity, peace
of mind.
AT'AVISM, from atactu, 'an old grandsire or
ancestor, indefinitely.' The case in which an
anomaly or disease, existing in a family, is lost
Sn one generation and reappears in the following.
ATAX'IA, from m, privatiTe, and rm^ttf 'order.'
IMsorder, irregularity. Hippocrates employs the
word in its moft extensive acceptation. Qalen
applies it, especially, to irregularity of pulse;
and Sydenham speaks of Ataxia Spiritnum for
disorder of the ncryoos system. Ataxia, now,
■snally means the state of disorder that charac-
terixes nenrous ferers, and Uie nenrous condition.
Ataxia Spikituum, Nervous diathesis. Bee
Ataxia.
ATAX'IC. Atax'ieiu ; lamo etymon. Having
the characters of ataxia.
ATCilAR, A'chia, Aekar, A condiment used
la India. It is formed of green fruite of various
kinds, — garlic, ginger, mustard, and pimento,
pickled in vinegar.
ATECNIA, SteriUtas.
ATELECTASIS, from mr^fiu 'imperfect, de-
Ibetive,' and ocrairif, 'dilatation.' Imperfect ex-
pansion or dilatation ; as in
Atelb(/tasis PuLMo'xuif, J^neumotuxtelteUa'
aU, PneumateUi^taaU, Imperfect expansion of
the lungs at birth, from arcAi^f, ' imperfect,' and
mcrmmit 'dilatation.' Giving rise to Cyano'tU
ffuimoua'lu.
AT'ELES^ ttTtXnf, 'imperfect, defective.'—
Hence,
ATELOCHEI'LIA, from artXrif, 'imperfect,'
and x'^Xof, 'lip.' A malformation which con-
sists in an imperfect development of the lip.
ATELOBNCEPHAL'IA, from artXns, 'imper-
leet,' and <y«<^Aov, ' the encephalon.' State of
{aperfect development of the brain. — Andral.
ATELOGLOS'SIA, from areXns, 'imperfect,'
and yXtawa, 'tongue.' A malformation which
consists in an imperfect development of the
tongue.
ATELOGNA'THIA, from arcXijf, 'imperfect,'
•ad 7vaO0(, 'the jaw.' A malformation which
eoof ists in an imperfect development of the jaw.
ATELOMYEL'IA, from mrtXits, 'imperfect,'
aad ^vtXoi. 'marrow. State of imperfect deve-
lopment of the spinal marrow. — B^clard.
ATELOPROSO'PIA, from areXnft 'imperfect,'
and irf9c^w9Vf 'the face.' A malformation which
oonsii'M in imperfect development of the face.
ATELORACUIDIA, Hydrorachis.
ATELOSTOM'IA, from artXtit, * imperfect,'
and 0To^a, 'mouth.' One whose mouth is im-
perfectly dewloped.
ATER 8UCCU8, Atrabilis.
ATHAMAN'TA, from Athamas, a place in
Thessaly. A genus of plants.
Athaji AXTA Air!n7A, A. Cr^nsis.
Atraxan'ta Aubeoseli'nux, OreoteK'nnm,
0. Ugi^imum sen nt^rttut, Seli'nvm ortoteWnnnt,
Ptmeed'anum oreo9eli*num, Avium monta^num,
jBloeik Mountain Par§leiff (F.) Perfil de Mon-
fayne. The plant, seed and roots, are aromatic.
It haa been considered attonaaa^ aperieo^ deoh'
stment, aad lithontripie. The distilled oil haf
been used in toothach.
Athahan'ta CRBTKir'sra sen Crett'ca, A. an'"
««a, Libano'tit annna sen Crtten'tit sen hirtu'ta^
Daueut Oreticut; D. Candia'mttf Myrrkit an'nva^
Candy Oarrot, The seeds of this plant are acrid
and aromatic They have b^n used as carmina-
tives and diuretics.
Athavanta Macbdohtca, Bubon Maocdoni-
cum — a. Meum, iEthusa meum.
ATHANASIA, Tanaoetum.
Athana'sia, from a, privaUve, and Savanf,
'death.' An antidote for diseases of the liver,
jaundice, gravel, Ac. It consisted of safiron,
cinnamon, lavender, cassia, myrrh, juncus odo-
ratus, honey, Ac, and was esteemed to be sudo-
rific
ATHARA, Athera. t
ATHELAS'MUS, from a, prtrative, and $fihi,
'a breast or nipple.' Impracticability of giving
suck ; from want of nipple or otherwise.
ATHELXIS, Sucking.
ATHE'NA. Name of a plaster, recommendod
by Asclepiades, and composed of oxide of copper,
sublimed oxide of zinc, sal ammoniac, verdigris^
gall nuts, and a variety of resinous and other in-
gredients. — Oribaflius, Ad'tius, and P. ^gineta.
ATUBNIO'NIS CATAPO'TIUM. A pill,
composed of myrrh, pepper, castor, and opium ;
used to allay coughing. — Celsns.
ATHE'RA, Atha'ra, from aBnpf 'an ear of
com.* A kind of pap for children : also, a kind
of liniment — Dioscorides, Pliny.
ATHERAPEUTUS, Incurable
ATHERO'MA, from a^pa^ ' pap or pulp/ En-
phji'ma ency^ti* atkero'tnOf MoUut'eumf Pulta'tio,
A tumour formed by a cyst containing matter
like pap or Btntillie.
ATUEKOM'ATOUS, Athertmato'det. Having
the nature of Atheroma.
ATHLE'TA, from a^Xo(, 'combat' AthletSB
were men who exercised themselves in combat
at the public festivals. — Vitruvius.
ATKLET'IC, Athlet'ieut; concerning AtkUtm.
Strong in muscular powers. — Foi»siu8.
ATHORACOCEPHALUS. Acephalogaster.
ATURIX, At'richut ; from a, privative, and
Opi(, rpi;|^of, 'hair.' Bald. One who has lost his
hair.
Arnnix Depilis, Alopecia.
ATHYM'IA, An'imi de/ee'tut tt anxi'eta^,
An'imi demit'tio^ Tri»tit"ia, Maror, Lypi, from
a, priv., and ^vitot, 'heart,' 'courage.' Des-
pondency. The prostration of spirits often ob-
servable in the sick. — Hippocrates. Melancholy.
— Swedianr. See Panophobia.
Athtmia Pleoitectica, see Pleonectica.
ATHTRION, Asplenium ceteraoh.
ATUYRIUM FILIX F(£MINA, Asplenium
filix fccmina — a. Filix mas, Polypodium filix mas
— a. Molle, Asplenium filix foemina — a. Ovatum,
Asplenium filix foemina — a. Trifidum, Asplenium
filix foemina.
ATLANTAD, see Atlantal.
ATLAN'TAL; same etymon as Atlas, Re-
lating or appertaining to the atlas.
Atlantal Aspect. An aspect towards the
region where the atlas is situated. — Barclay.
Atiantad is used by the same writer to s'gniff
' towards the atlantal aspect'
Atlantal Extremities. The upper liirbs.
ATLANTION, AUas.
ATLAS, Ailan'tiofif from arXaUf 'I sustain.
The fivt cervical ver'tehra / so called, from its
supporting the whole weight of the head, as
AUas is said to have supported the globe on bli
Bhoulden. Chanssier calls it AtloicL T^ t««
ATLOnXMXOID
U4
ATBOPA
-tebra in no resp^ot re^embleB tlie ot2i«rs. It u
a kind of irregular ring, into whiohi anteriorly,
the pracemua dentahu of the second vertebra is
rtoeivcd. Posteriorly, it gives passage to the
tuedulla spinalis.
A T L 1 D '0 - AXOID, (F.) Atloido-axoidien,
Belaling to both tl|e Atlas and the Axis or Ver-
tebra Dcntata.
Atloido-axoid Articulation. The artioala-
tion between the first two cervical vertebrsB.
Atloido-Axoid Lio'amexts. These are two
in number ; one anUrior and another po^erior,
passing between the two vertebne.
ATLOID'O-OCCIFITAL. Relating to the
atlas and occiput. The Atloido-oecip'Ual Arti-
euia'tion is formed by the condyle^ of the occi-
pital bone and the superior articular surfaces of
the Atlas. The Atlcido-occipital muscle is the
Beotus capitis posticus minor.
ATLOlDO-SOUS-MASTOlDlENy Obliquns
superior oculi — a. Sou^-oeeipiude, Rectus capitis
lateralis.
ATMIATRI'A, Atmtdtat'riei, from at/it, 'va-
pour/ and tarptta, 'treatment.' Treatment of
diseases by fumigation.
ATMIDIATRICE, Atmiatrla.
ATMISTERION, Vaporarium.
ATMOS, Breath.
- * AT'MOSPIIERE, AtmoapJw^ra, from ar/iof,
^vapour/ and v^atfu, 'a sphere:' — as it were.
Sphere c/ vapour; The atmosphere is a sphe-
rical mass of air, surrounding the earth in every
part ; the height of which is estimated at 15 or
10 leagues. It presses on the sur&ce of the
earth, and this pressure has, necessarily, sensible
effects on organized bodies. The surface of the
human body being reckoned at 15 square feet» it
is computed that a prensure of 33.000 pounds or
IliUiv c.ktoio uiiucl v/lu.ii4*u^ Ci^'cluUoLUlCi^S j ttod
this proAsure cannot be increased or diminished
materially, without modifying the circulation and
all the functions.
ATMOSPHERIZATION, HsematosiB.
ATOCIA, Storilitis.
ATOL'MIA, from «, priv., and roX^tOy 'confi-
dence.' Want of confidence; discouragement.
A state of mind, unfavourable to health, and in-
jurious in disease. It is the antithesis of Et^
toVtnia.
ATONIA, Atony— a. Ventriculi, Gasterasthe-
nia.
AT'ONY, Attm'ia, Infir^mita* et Bemtt'Ho W-
rium, Lamfuort Lax'ttcu, from a, priv., and revec,
/tone,' 'force.' Want of tone. Weakness of
every organ, and particularly of those that are
contractile. Violent gastritis has been described
by Scribonius Largus under a similar name,
Ato¥ov, At'onon.
ATRABIL'IARY, AtrabiViom, Atrabtlia'rin,
Atrabih'o' »ii9, from ater, 'black,' and bili§, 'bile.*
An epithet given by the ancients to the melan-
eholio and hypochondriac, because they believed
the Atrabilis to predominate in such.
Atrabiliart CAPStTLRS, ARTERIES and Veins.
The renal capsules, arteries and veins ; the for-
mation of Atrabilis having 'been attributed to
them.
ATRABI'LIS, same etymon, Ater tticeiM,
Black BiJe or meUuncholy, According to the an-
dents, a thick, black, acrid humour, secreted, in
the opinion of some, by the pancreas; in Uiat
of others, by the supra-renal capsules. Hippo-
crates, Gkilen, Aetius, and others, ascribe great
influence to the Atrabilis in the production of
hypochondriasis, melancholy, and mania. There
la really no raoh humour. It was an imaginary
•ruation — ^Ar^ t«n% Rofos of Ephesns, Ac
ATRAC HE LOCEP^'ALUS, from c, ptir.»
rpaj(rikoit 'neck,' and irc^oXv, 'head.' A monftar
whube neck is partially or wholly deficient.
ATRACHE'LUS. Same etymon. One who it
very short-necked. — Qalen.
ATRAC 'TTLIS OUMMIF'BRA, Car'dmm
pj'neut, Ixine, Oummy^rooted Atraeiylitf Pitm
Tkittle, The root, when wounded, yields a
milky, viscid juice, which eoncretes into tena-
cious masses, and is said to be chewed with tlM
same views as mastich.
ATRAGENE, Clematis vitalba.
ATRAMEN'TUM, A. Suto'rium, /ni, CaUMW^*
then, (F.) Encre, It has been advised as an as^
tringent, and as an external application in her*
petic affections.
Atramentdv SuTORinv, Ferri sulphas.
ATRESIA, Adherence, Imperforation. 8ae
Monster.
Atrb'sia Ani Adka'ta, Anut Imper/ora'tv*,
Imper/ora'tio ani, (F.) Imper/orcUion de Fanu§,
C«»ngenital imperforation of the intestinal canaL
ATRETISMUS, Imperforation.
ATRETOCEPH'ALUS, fr^m arfinnt, 'imfMr-
forate,' and Kt^aX^, 'head.' A monster, in which
some of the natural apertures of the head an
wanting. — Gurit.
ATRETOCOR'MUS, from arpnrt, 'imperfo-
rate,' and v»fv*(, ' trunk.' A monster in which
the natural apertures of the trunk are wanting.-—
Gurit
ATRE'TUS, from a, priv., and rpav, 'I per-
forate.' Imper/ora'tuMf Imptr'forate, One whosa
anus, or parts of generation, are imperforate
{aproe*tn»),
AT'RICES. Small tumours, which appear oo-
casionally around the anus. Some commentaton
consider the word to be synonymous with con-
dylomata. — Forestus.
ATRICHIA, Alopecia.
ATRICHUS, Athrix.
AT'RICI. Small sinuses in the vicinity of tht
anus, not penetrating the rectum.
ATRIPLEX F(ETIDA, Chenopodium vnl.
varia.
Atriplex noRTEif'sig, A. Sati'voy (F.) Ar-
roehe, Bonne Dame. The herb and seed of this
plant have been exhibited as antiscorbutics.
At'n'plex al'imu9f A, PoriulaeoVdea, and A.
Pafukif are used as pickles, and have similar
properties.
At'riplex Mexicaka, Chenopodium ambn>>
sioides — a. Odorata, Chenopodium botrys — a.
Olida, Chenopodium vulvaria.
ATRIUM CORDIS DEXTER, Sinus dexter
cordis — a. Cordis sinistrum. Sinus pulmonalis— -
a. VaginsB, Vestibulum.
AT'ROPA, from Arporof, 'immutable,' 'tht
goddess of destiny;' so called from its fatal
effects.
Atropa Bellador'na, Belladon'na, B, 6aa-
cifera sen trickoi'oma, Deadly Nightthade, Sola'm
ft urn letha'li, Sota'nnm mant'acMm, <S'. Fun'o'tnmf
Sola'num melanocer'atu*, (F.) BelUtdone, MortU€
fwrieuw, Belle Dame, Nat. Ord, SolanesB. iS'ex.
Sif8t. Tetrandria Monogj'nia. Tba leaves — Bel-
ladonna fPh. U. S.) are powcrfrilly narcotic, and
also diaphoretic, and diuretic. They are occa-
sionally used where narcotics are indicated.
Sprinkling the powdered leaves over cancerous
sores has been fotlbd to allay the pain ; and the
leaves form a good poultice. Dose, gr. ^ to gr. j
of the powdered leaves.
Atropa Mandrag'ora, Mandrag'ora^ M. ver*
na'li9 seu ojfficinaUia seu acau'litf Oirca'a, Antkro^
I pomorpk'uMf Malum ttrr^'tri, Iiandrals€, Thjl
ATROPHIA, Amphy, Tsbet — &. AbliuiUtn-
mm, Btaab, veaolng — >. Orsbri, Flirt n»tropb La
~-«. Cwdii, Ilout. mtraphy or the — A. tiliuidula^
It*. Tab« mcHDUricn — >. Hfp»U», IlopaUlro-
[ihia — ». InfutuDi, Psdatropbia, Tn.het niaKn-
ixrisa^ — ■. Inleitiaonini, EalentropbiL
AiBorHU LicTin'TiCH, Taiia uHiri'mn ten
•u'Ma. The atropbj ot nunitig wamcn.
Anoratt Lucnu, SpleoMroiibia — l Meacn-
hrica, Tabaa mCKaUrlca— a. Teiliculi, Oroblda-
mpbia.
A TK OPBIE, Atrophy— a, ir&ca«rigiip,Tiibe.
ATROPHIED, lee Atrophy.
ArROPBY, Jfanu-ntu Atro-jAit,
co'mi, Aitalo'ti; from a, privitive, and Tftfn,
'aoaiiihiBent.' (7.) Atrophic, lit— icksaii " "
u'nu Alra'phia, Aln/pitc
CaiUabtti^Tii'lla, Tabtt, ilnr
Al~
M whieh ibtty
tiw «lial« body «
a pan.
jophy u
affcf l«d U laiil ia be alnj^i>dl
Athopbt o» th« Hsakt, aoe Hsirl, itrophy
oflb<.
AT'ROPDJE, Alropi'na, Alra'pia, Atro'
».(F.)-i
Thai
IciplB
«f Atnpa lrTlIai<D»a<t, Hpanted bji Snuiili^ti by
k BWP»M rimilBr to tW [or pronuisg morphia.
JTTACffS, InMitiOD.
ATTACK, /aWiM, JwHi'lM, ftr-ip-n-o. /i.™'.
■u. £u'i>>/«, LeptiM, (F.) XifagiH. A ndden
■Mark, inracion or oii»l of a diioue, / euiiuTB.
ATTAUAS, AtUggn.
ATTAOKS, Aftaa-u, the Fra.-cBl!,.. Ccle-
kaMd with the aocionli buih a* food and mciii'
•in A. — XaitJkU Arittophvies.
ATTANCOlraT. UINEHAIi WATERS -0?.
X i^^^ i-afc.- in yi^uiij, J. .■.;„. , Ij
CbaapacD*; abonl llim leagnta north nf Join-
*ill». file water ia a chalyboats, aod contntoi
fahibale of lime. In large doeei il ii pnrgatiTB.
iTTAQUe, Attack — a. da Her/,, Nsrvous
Mtack.
ATTSLLB, gpUnt.
ATTKNliTISG, lilSEHAL WATBBS OP,
In Baram. The water coataini earbonlo afid,
eubnoaiei ot lime and loJa. aulpfaaleii of lima
and iBagae:tia, chloride of codiam, irun, and alum.
It il maeh lued in akin diicuea, flttula, ulil nt-
cera, ei^eali, mi bemorrhaida.
ATTKN'DASTS, Au«>>.-.'Ua, I«,«»a'l.«,
(T.) LtfivMiqitcm, from /mutt, ' thin." Mcdieinas
«yih aoiment the fluidity of the humoura.
ATTKXUA'TIOM, Aiteaw>'i»; aame etymon.
Thhniea^ (maeiation. A term aaod by the ho-
ntMpalhuIa in the feniB of dilulioa or dlviaiou
otnaedita into inSaltei
JTr/«,1jrr. Attrahr
ArTITDDE, Sliu. Cor'jKrU. Low Latin,
Bpiiiajo/ tnm IMin apinrt, 'to Bt' Sltnatir
pixiliDQ ef tb* body. Th* a ~
ftnni jKtatarea wbich mac i^
iq^- Id Omeral Pathotoffj/^
ofUn enahle the phyaician u> proaoocee at on
vpoa llie characler of a diaeue, or It will aid hi
BateriallyiDbiaJadgiDenL In gC Titua'a dur
In fraetom, lnia,Iiani, Ac, it !• the great inde
IE iriU also indleaU the degree of Derroua
(crebtal pover; beoce the linking doitn in b
b an evidence of great cerebral debility '~ ''~
ATTUtWHEUENT, Maaturbatinn.
ATTUACTION OF AGQBEaATION, CoW
lion, force oC .
ATTKACTIVDM, eee Uagnet
ATTRACT IV US, Attrahent.
ATTRACTORITIS, Attrahent.
ATTRAUEN8 AURICULAH, Anterior
AT'TIHUENT, At'trak»i>, Attraai'»m
roc lo-riM, tram ad. • to,* and froAo, • I dr»W.
V.)Miratli/,Aniranl. Remediei
>hich attract fluids to the parU
uo applied, a* blietera, mbefacienla, sc.
ATTHAPE-LOURDAVT, (F.) A Wstonry
IB rented by a PrODoh tatgeoD, eolled Bj^nnaiae,
and a»ed in the operation for heruU. Bee Bit-
ouri each j.
ATTBITA, ChaSng.
ATT BIT 10, Attiicion, Ohadng.
ATTBIT"ION, Aurifia, SHhllm'ma. from
id, and iirrro, ■ to brula*.' FrioUon or bminng.
Chafing. — Oalan. Alan, a kind of lUirdiaigia. —
onnertaa. Likewiie, a Violent soDtoaiun.
ATTBITUa, Chafing,
ATYP'IC, Aijiffit^; Ai'gpot, from ■, priT«-
ra, and nwnt, 'typo-' Tbal vbiob haa no type.
Irre^lar. Chiefly applied Is m irregnlu intei-
nitlent,— /'•Aru nlypita.
ATVP03. Erratic,
AUASSrS, Drjing.
AUAN'TB, ■■ ■ -
■seare tbie nune lo a dlau
the principal tymptom of wbieh wai cmaaiali
Atni>hT-
S ;"Z..7- TiaXE, CleiBOlid rilalbi.
AUSiPINE, Mespilna oiyacantha.
AVSESQI.VE, Sulanum Melongena.
AUBIFOIS, Cyanna aagetum.
AtrCUES, Collum.
ArCHENOBRIIEUMA, Tottlcoliifc
AUCUE'TICltB, fromaoxw, 'Iboneek.* (
reeled with stifT noek or toiticollia,
AtlDE, Voice.
AUDINAC. MINERAL WATERS OF. ,
nan ia ailnate in the department of Arri#
ranoe. The water oontAina a amall quani
' anlphohydrio acid, carhoni " ' '
ATTOL^BSS AUREM.AfroJ'bM JanVafa,
Lrt^tor Aarw, Sapt'riar A>n>, AUoCIeM Ai
Temp. 87° FaJir.
it, IS maon nsoa m cnromo rheumatitm, herpet,
aerofiilDDB dlfteaaeiT, Ao.
AUDIT"ION, from aadin, 'to hear;'
Auiif'io, Andi'tuf, A'eot, Ar.ri/ama, Am-'arii,
Acot'iii, Acu'm. Hearing. Theaet of henriDg,
The BODeatiea aridog from an imprnaloo made
on tbe andltoiy nerraa by the vlbratlona of tlie
ttir, prndnred by a eonoruaa body. The phyai-
ology of Anditlon i> obneure. It probably lakee
place :— I. By the vibrationa bring oommunicaled
from the membrana tympani along the chain of
orale. 3. By meana of tbe air in the CBvlty of
rotOBdnm ia agitated. 3. The tranimja^iion may
be made by means of the bony paricton. In
theae three waya the ribrutiona pr.-'durcd hy a
eouoroua body may reach the audiury narre.
Audition may be neliei or pmirt : hence the
AU'DITORY, Auditt/na,, Aurf.'tV™, Jdw*-
He»t. That which relate! to andiUoQ.
Apditokt ARTEniEB AND Vniiia, U« *UM\l
wbicb enter the auditory (wtale, ani. b
AUG!
Ill
AURICULAR
them, diaUngniBhed into infernal sad extemaL
The external auditory artery, A. Tympaniqme —
(Gh.) is given off by the ityloid, a branch of the
external carotid : the internal is a branch of the
basilary artery, which accompanies Uie auditory
nerve, and is distributed to it. The Auditory
Vein* empty into the internal and external ju-
gulars.
Auditory Canal, External, Mea'tue audita^-
rim erter'nue, Alvea'rium, Scnpka, Seaphue, (F.)
Conduit auditi/ erteme, Conduit avrieulaire,
commences at the bottom of the concha, at the
Fora'men auditi'vum extcr'nunif passes inwards,
forwards, and a little downwards, an#terminates
at the membrana tympani. It is partly cartilagi-
nous, partly osseous, and partly fibrous.
Auditory Canal. Internal, J/ea'tue audito'-
rtu« inter^Mte, Porue seu Sinua aeu^ticue, Cyar,
(F.) Conduit auditi/ iiifeme, C, labyrintkique, is
situate in the posterior surface of Uie pars pe-
trosa of the temporal bone. From the Fora'men
auditi'vum inter'num, where it commences, it
passes forwards and outwards, and terminates
by a kind of cul-de-eaCf macula eribro'ta, perfo-
rated by many holes, one of which is the orifice
of the Aqua^ductus Fallopii ; and the others com-
municate with the labyrinUi.
Auditory Nbrvx, Nerf lalyrintkique — (Ch.)
is the Portio Mollie of the seventh pair. It
arises from the corpus resttforme, from Uie floor
of the fourth ventricle, and by means of white
•triss, from the sides of the calamus scriptorius.
As it leaves the encephalon, it forms a flattened
cord, and proceeds with the facial nerve through
the foramen auditivum internum, and as far as
the bottom of the meatus, where it separates from
the facial, and divides into two branches, one
going to the cochlea, the cochlear ; the oUier to
the vestibule and semi-circular canals, the ve&ti-
hular,
AUGE, AVv&ue, Some of the older anatomists
gave this name to a reservoir, into which liquids
flow in an interrupted manner, so that it is alter-
nately full and empty. Such are the ventricles
and auricles of the heart.
AUG MENTA'TION, from an^ere, < to increase ;'
Augmen'tum, Ineremen'tuntf Anafaei*, Auc'tio,
Auxia, Progree'eiOf Progree'eue, Auxe^eie, The
Stage of a disease in which the symptoms go on
increasing.
AULISCUS, Ctaula. See Fistula.
AULOS, Canula, Fistula. See Vagina, and
Foramen.
AUMALE, MINERAL WATERS OF. Au-
male is a town of Upper Normandy, in the coun-
try of Caux. Several springs of ferruginous
mineral waters are found there, whose odour is
Senetrating, and taste rough and astringent,
'hey are tonic, and employed in debility of the
Tiscora, Ac. .
AUNE NOIREy Rhamnns frangula.
AUNEE, Inula helenium — a. J}y$entSrtque,
Inula dysenterica.
AURA, Pno9, A vapour or emanation from
any body, surrounding it like an atmosphere.
Van Uelmont regarded Uie vital principle as a
gas and volatile spirit^ which he called Aura
vitalie.
In Pathology f Aura means the sensation of a
light vapour, which, in some diseases, appears
to set out from the trunk or limbs ; and to rise
towards the head. This feeling has been found
to precede attacks of epilepsy and hysteria, and
hence it has been called A«ra Epilep'tica, and
A, hyeter'ica.
Aura SAN'ounns. The odour exhaled by blood
Bewly drawn. See Gas Sanguinis.
AsBJt BBM'niii^ A, 9emi»a'li9, jS^Vthts gtni-
ta'lis : — A volatile principle fitncied to exiii te
the sperm, and regarded by some as the fecua •
dating agent Such is not the ease.
Aura Vitalis, Vital principle.
AURAL MEDICINE AND SURGERY.
Otiatria.
AURANCUM, see Ovum.
AURANITE, see Agaric.
AURAN'TIA CURASSAVEN'TIA, Curastt/m
apples or orangee. Immature oranges, eheeka^
by accident, in their growth. They are a grata-
ful, aromatic bitter, devoid of acidity. Infused
in wine or brandy they make a good stomachie.
They are also used for ieeue pea*.
AuRAKTiA Curassavica, SCO Citms anrantiioi
— a. Poma, see Citrus aurantium.
AuRANTn CoRTXx, SCO Citrus aurantium.
AURANTIUM, Citrus aurantium.
AURELIANA CANADENSIS, Panax quia,
qnefolinm.
AUREOLA, Areola.
AURI CHLORETUM CUM CHLORKTO
NATRII, see Gold — a. Chloridnm, Gold, mnrialt
of — a. Chloretum, Gold, muriate of— a. Cynnidnm,
see Gold — a. Cyanuretum, see Gold — a. lodidaniy
see Gold — a. loduretum, see Gold — a. et Natri
Aloruretum, see Gold-^a. Mnrias, Gold, muriate
of — a. Nitro-muriss, see Gold — a. Oxidum, sea
Gold — a. Terchloridum, see Gold — a. Tercyaai-
dum, see Gold — a. Teroxidum, see Gold.
AURICIIALCUM, Brass.
AURICLE, Aurie'ula, (F.) AuHcuIe, OrfenU,
Diminutive of auri*, an ear. The auricle of tha
ear. See Pavilion.
Auricles or trb Heart, Cavita'tea innoMJ-
na'fte, (F.) Oreillettetf are two cavities; OM
right, the other lefl, each communicating with
the ventricle of its side. These two cavities ra-
ceive the blood from every part of the bodj-
Into the riaht auricUf the two vensD cavss and
coronary vein open : into the lefty the four pnl*
monary veins. Chaussier calls the former tha
Sinua of the Vena Cava : — the latter, the Sitnm
of the Pulmonary Veine. The foliated or dog^
ear portion of each auricle is called Appem'aix
auric'uUt, See Sinus.
Auricula Judjc, Petisa auricula-^a. Muri%
Hieracium Pilosells^— a. Muris mi^or, HieracinM
mnrorum.
AURICULAIRE, see Digitus— «. PoHfrieur,
Retrahens auris — a. Supirieur, Attollcns auren.
AURICULAR, Aurieula'rie, Oric'ular, from
auricula, * the ear.' That which belongs to tba
ear, especially to the external ear.
AuRic'uLAR Ar'terieb AND Vbinb, Onov-
^itret — (Ch.), are divided into anterior and po^
terior. The anterior are of indeterminate num-
ber. They arise from the temporal artery, and
are distributed to the meatus auditorius extemuiy
and to the pavilion of the ear. The poeteriof
aurietilar is given off by the external carotid,
from which it separates in the substance of tiia
parotid gland. When it reaches the inferior pari
of the pavilion of the car it bifurcates ; one of itf
branches being distributed to the inner surfaet
of the pavilion, the other pacing over the mas-
toid process, and being disttributed to the tempo-
ral and posterior auris muscles, Ac, Before iti
bifurcation it gives off the etylo-maetoid artery.
The Anterior and Posterior Auricular Veine opea
into the temporal and external jugular.
Auricular Finger, (F.) Doigt auriculaire, ii
the littie finger, so called because, owing to its
sixe, it can be more readily introduced into tht
meatus auditorius.
Auricular Nertes are several. I. The am-
rieular branch, Zygomato-auricular, is one of
the ascending branches of the cervical plezoiu
AUBIOULAEIA SAMBUCI
iir
AUTOPHONIA
It ramifiet and spreads over the two inrfkoes of | The act of exploring the chest is called Stetho^
the iNtTilion. 2. The auricular or »%iperfieial
temporal^ T€mporal-cntam€ou»^-{C\i.) is given off
frum the inferior maxillary. It ascends between
the condyle of the jaw and the meatus aaditorius
extemuii, sends numeroos filaments to the meatus
and {»avilion, and divides into two twigs, which
aceompany the branches of the tempoial artery,
and are distributed to the integuments of the
head. There is also a po9terior awrieular fur-
nished by the CsciaL
AURICULARIA SAMBUCI, Pesisa auricula.
AURICULARIS ANTERIOR, Anterior auris
— a. Superior, Attollens anrem.
A UmOULEy Auricle, Pavilion of the ear.
AURIC'ULO - VENTRIC UL AR, Auric'ulo^
9tntricula'ri9, That which belongs to the auri-
cles and ventricles of the heart. The communi-
cations between the auricles and ventricles are
so called. The Triewpid and Mitral Valv€9 are
aoricttlu-ventricular valves.
AURI'UA. A species of bandage for the ribs,
^ a s cri bed by Galen. See, also. Liver.
AURIGO, Icterus — a. Neophyconun, Icterus
Infiuitum.
AURIPIGMENTUM, Orpiment— a. Rubrum,
Realgar.
AURIS, Ear.
AURISCALPIUM, Earpick.
AURISCOP'IUM, Au'nteope, from aurts, 'the
ear,' and n*rcM, 'I view.' An instrument for
exploring the ear.
AURIST, Otia'ter, Otta'tru$, Ear-doctor, Ear.
9mryeoH ; from aurity ' the ear.' One who occu-
pies himself ehiefly with the diseases of the ear
and their treatment.
AURIUM PLUCTUATIO, Bombus— a. Mar-
Korata, Cerumen — a. Sibilus, Bombus-—a. Sonl-
tas, Bombus — a. Sordes, Cerumen — a. Susumis,
B<Mnbns.
A (/BONE, Artembia abrotanum — a. det
Qkamjm, Artemisia eampestris — a. de9 Jarditu,
Artemisia abrotanum — a. MdU, Artemisia abro-
taaom.
AURUQO, Icterus.
AURUM, Gold— a. Chloratum, Gold, mu-
fiate of — a. Chloratum natronatnm, see Gold — a.
IToliatam, Gold leaf— a. in Libellis, Gold leaf— a.
Leprosum, Antimonium — a. Llmatum, see Gold
—a. Muriatioum, see Gold — a. Muriaticum na-
tronatnm, see Gold.
AcBiTM Musi'vux, ^Mr«m Mom'icum, Sulph'-
«rcf of Tin, Dtuto9ulpkuret or Peraulphuret of
tin. {Quicknlv€r, tin, •tUpkur, $al ammoniac,
U, equal parts. The tin being first melted, the
qaieksUver is poured into it, and then the whole
ase ground together, and sublimed in a boltheod.
The aurum mnsivnm lies at the bottom.) It is
' in some empirical preparations.
Aurum Oxtdatuv, see Gold — a. Oxydulatum
I, Gold, muriate of — a. Nitro-mnriati-
I, see Gold — a. Snlitum, Gold, muriate of.
AUS'CULTATE, TO,* from aweultart, 'to lis-
To practise auscultation. * To autcul^ is
ai times used with the same signification.
ACSCULTA'TION, Auscnlta'tio, Eeho»'copi,
aet of listening. Buisson has used it syhony-
Bon^ly with ItMtening. Lacnnec introduced aut-
eul'ntion to appreciate the different sounds which
aan he heard in the chesty and in the diagnosis
of diseases of the hearty lungs, Ac. This may
he done by the aid of an instrument called a •te-
Iftoseope, one extremity of which is applied to the
•ar, the other to the chest of the patient. This
Bode of examination is called Mediate Autculta-
tiom, (F.) AuacuUation wUdicUe, — the application
•f di* tmr to the chest heing immediate aueculf^
ecop'ia, and T horacoecop' ia ; of the abdomen^
A bdom inoeeop'ia.
AUSCUL'TATORY, Aueeultato'ritu ; AuecuP.
tory, AuecuVtie, (with some.) Belonging or hav-
ing relation to auscultation.
Auscultatory Prrcussion, see Acouophonia.
AUSTERE', Aunte'rue, Substances which pro-
duce a high degree of acerb impressiun on the
organs of taste.
A US Tli UCHE, Imperatoria.
AUTALGIA DOLOROSA, Neuralgia, facial,
Pleurodynia — a. Pruriginosa, Itching — a. Ver-
tigo, Vertigo.
AUTARCPA, from aoro;, 'himself/ ond apcM,
'I am satisfied.' Moral tranquillity. — Galen.
AUTEMES'IA, from avrof, *sclf/ and r/ir<rco
'vomiting.' Spontaneous or idiopathic vomiting.
— Alibert,
AUTEMPRESMUS, Combustion, human.
AUTUE'MERON. A medicine which cures
on the day of its exhibition ; from wroi, * the
same/ and 'mt^* * day.'
AUTHYGIANSIS, Vis medicatrix natursB.
^ AUTOCHIR, Antorhi'ru; Suici'da, from avref,
'himself,' and x^*P* 'hand.' One who has com-
mitted suicide. A self-murderer or suicide.
AUTOCIIIRIA, Suicide.
AUTOCINE'SIS, 3/otue vohinta'nus, from
avrof, 'self,' and Ktvt]ffts, 'motion.' Voluntary
motion.
AUTOC'RASY, Autocrati'a, Autocrato'ria,
fipom avTot, * himself,' and icparot, * strength.' In-
dependent force. Action of the vital principle,
or of the instinctive powers towards the preser-
vation of the individual. See Vis Medicatrix Na-
turae. Also, the vital principle.
AUTOCRATIA, Autocraay, Vis Medicatrix
naturtB.
AUTOCRATORIA, Autocrasy— a. Physiatrice,
Vis medicatrix naturre.
AUTOCTONIA, Suicide.
AUTOG"ENOUS; from avros, 'self/ and yn^
vaw, * I generate.' A term applied by Mr. Owen
to parts or elements that are usually developed
from distinct and independent centres ; as in the
case of the different parts or elements that form
a vertebra.
AUTOGONIA, Generation, equivocal.
AUTOLITHOT'OMUS, from avrot, 'himself/
Xi5*j, *a stone/ and refivciv, *to cut.' One who
operates upon himself for the stone.
AUTOMAT'IC, Automat' irim, Avtom'atuf, from
avrofiares, 'spontaneous.' That which acts of itself.
Those movements are called automatic^ which the
patient executes without any object; apparently
without volition being exercised: — involnutary
motions, motue automat id seu autom'ati sen t»-
volunta'rii,
A UTOMNA L, Autumnal.
AUTONOM'IA, Via medicatrix natura. The
word Autonomia is occasionally employed by the
French and Germans for the peculiar mechanism
of an organixed body. Thus, although individu-
nls of the same species may differ in outward con-
formation, their mechanism or instinctive laws,
(Autonomia,) may be the same.
AUTONYCTOBATIA, Somnambulism.
AUTOPEP'SIA, from o«rof, ' self,' and iramt,
* I concoct' Self-digestion, — as of the stomach
after death.
AUTOPniA. Autopsia.
AUTOPHO'NIA, (F.) Retentieaement autopliom
nique, from avrof, ' self,' and ^uw, * voice.' An
auscultatory sign pointed out by M. Hourmann,
which consists in noting the character of the ob-
server's own voice, while he speaks with his head
I placed dose io the patient's cheat. T\i% yovc«|\^
AUTOPHOSPnOBUS
118
AYICULA CIPBU
If alleged, will be modified by the condition of
the BubjfMsent orgau. The resonance, thna heard,
he terms retentwement autophonique. This di-
agnostic agency Dr. R. G. tiatliam proposes to
term heautophon'ic»,
AcTOPBoxiA, Suicide.
AUTOPHOSPHORUS, Phosphonis.
AUTOPLAS'TIC, Autoplat'ticM ; from mrot,
'self/ and xXaoriKot, 'formaUve.' Relating to
aatopl.mstj or plastic surgery.
AUTOPLASTICB, MorioplasUce.
AUTOPLASTY, Morioplastice.
AUTOP'SIA, Au'topty; from a»rof, 'himself/
and o\\iiSf * vision.' Autoph'ta^ Autotcop'ia, In-
spectiou : examination by one's self; self-inspec-
tion. Often improperly used for the following :
Al'top'sia Cadaybr'ica, (F.) Autoptie on Oti-
wtrture cadavirique. Attentive examination after
death, — Examination pott mortem, Seetio Oadav''
trUf Difeetion^ Nee'rotcopjff Nee'rop$y, Ntero-
tcop'iOf Neerop'tiOf Ntcrop'titf — practised for
the purpose of investigating the causes and seat
of an affection of which a person may have
died, <fcc
AuTOP'siA Cadayer'ica Lega'lis, Sec'tio ca-
dav'eris UtfaliM, Ohduc^tio, is the examination
after death for medico-legal purposes.
AUTOPYROS, Syncomistos.
AUTOSCOPIA, Autopsia.
AU'TOSITK, from avro^, 'self/ and nrn*
'nourishment' A single monster, capable of
deriving nourishment from its own proper or-
gan.«, in contradistinction to Omphalosite,
AUTOTHERAPIA, Vis medicatrix natnrss.
AUTUMN, Autum'nun, Phthiropo'ron, (Y,)Au-
tomne. One of the seasons of the year, oetween
the 2*{d of September and the 21st of December.
In all climates, the Autumn or Fall is liable to
disease ; a combination of local and atmospherio
causes being then present, favourable to its pro-
duction.
AUTUM'NAL; Autumna'lis, (F.) Automnal
Relating to Autumn ; as Autumnal Fruit*, Au-
tumnal Fevert^ Ac.
AuTUHXAL Fkter, generally assumes a bilious
aspect. Those of the intermittent kind are much
more obstinate than when they appear in the
spring.
AUXESIS, Augmentation, Increase.
AUXIL'IARY, Auxilia'ritf from atacilium,
•aid.' (F.) Auxiliaire, That which assists, or
from which assistance is obtained.
AuxiLiART Medicine is one which assists the
principal medicine or basis. It is synonymous
with Adjuvant
Auxiliary Muscles are those which ooncur
in the same movement Some anatomists have
applied the term to several ligaments, as well as
to tho flesliy fibres, which hang from the sacro-
$pin(tl{9 muscle.
AUXILIUM, Juvans, Mcrlicament
AUXIS, Augmentation, Increase.
AVA, ArvOf Kata, An intoxicating narcotic
drink, made by chewing the Piper methisticum.
It is much used by the Polynesians.
AVAILLES, WATERS OF. AsmallviUage
in France, 13 leagues S. S. £. of Poitiers, at
which there is a cold saline chalybeate. It con-
tfuns chlorides of sodium and calcium, sulphate
and pubcarbonate of soda, iron, to.
AVANT-nOUCHE, (F.) 0» anti^enm. This
name has been applied by some to the mouth,
properly so called — in contradistinction to the
Arri>re bouehe or Pharynx,
A VANT-BRAS, Pore-arm.
AVAKT'0(EURy Scrobiculus cordis.
AVANT^QOUT, (F.) Preggutta'tio; a fore-
lMt»; jM«!giutotioiL
AVAKT-MAIK, {¥.) Adver'ta JTomm. Thl
inside of the hand, wnen extended.
AVANT-PIED, (F.) The most adYaaeed
part of the foot
A VANT-POIGNET, (F.) The asterior p«t
of the wrist
A VELINE, Corylns aveUana (out).
AVELLANA, Corylos aYellana— a. Cathartie%
Jatropha curcas.
A VE'N A, Oat§, BramoB. The leeda of Avt^m
tati'rcu Nat, Ord, GraminoB. iSac SjftL Tli-
andria Digynia. (F.) ^voine. Oats are used ■•
food for man, in some parts, partienlarly in tht
North of England and Scotland. When deprived
of the husks they form OroatB, Redaeed to
meal, — A vena Fari'na, Oatmeal — they are ap-
plied as cataplasms to promote luppuration. Tho
dry meal is sprinkled over erysipelatous parts.
Oatmeal gruel, Water gruel, is prepared as fbl*
lows: — Take of oatmeal ^\j; so/k trater Oisi.
Rub the meal in a basin, with the back of a spooBp
in a moderate quantity of the water, pouring off
the fluid after die grosser particles have subside^
but whilst the milkiness continues; and repeat
the opcraUon until no more milkiness is commit
nicated to the water. Put the washings in a pan,
after having stirred them well, in order to sua-
pend any fecula, which may have subsided ; mmI
boil nntil a soft thick, mncilage is formed.
It is a good demulcent, and is used also ■• a
vehicle fur clysters.
AvBXA ExcoRTicATA, Qroats.
AVEX^ FARINA, see Avena.
AVENUEIM, MINERAL WATERS OV.
Avcnhcim is three leagues fh>m Stra8bui;g : nmt
it is an aperient mineral water.
AVENNES, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Avenues is a village in the department of Hi*
rault in France : near it is a saline spring, tho
temperature of which rises to 84° Fahrenheit
A YENS, COMMON, Geum urbauum— a.
Water, Geum rivale — a. White, Geum VirgiBl*
anum.
AVERICn, Sulphur.
AYEKRUO'A BILIM'BI, Bilim'ln, Bilimhing
tere; An Indian tree, which has a firuit that if
too acid to be eaten alone. It is used as a con-
diment, and in the form of syrup as a refriga-
rant
Averrho'a Caram'bola, called after Aver-
rhocs ; 3Ialvm Co€$i'»f, Pntnum Mtella'tum, Tam'm
ara, Conga, Caram'holo. An Indian tree, whoso
fruits are agreeably acid. The bark, bruised, if
employed as a cataplasm, and its fruit is used Of
a refrigerant in bilious fever and dysentery.
AVER'SION, Aver'eio, Apot'ropi; fW)m arer^
tere, (a and vertere) 'to turn fk^m.' Ezfromo
repugnance for any thing whatever.
A VERSION, rF.)also means, in therapeot!e%
the action of medicines which turn the afflux of
fluids from one organ, and direct them to othen;
being synonymous with eoMNler-trrilaftoN, or
rather reruUion or derivation,
AVER TIN, (F.) A disease of the mind,
which, according to Lavoisien, renders the pi^
tiont obstinate and furious.
AVEVULE, Crccus.
AVEUOLEMENT, Caccitas — a. de Jbwv
Nyctalopia — a. de Xuit, Ilemeralopia.
AVICEN'NIA TOMENTO'SA, A, Afriea'nm
sen reainif'tra sen nit'ida, Bou'tia ger'minane^
called sftor Avicenna. The plant which affords
tho Mnlac'c.a Bean or Anaear'dium Orieuta'U id
the PUarmaco])Ocias, Semeear'pne Anaear'dimmit
The oil drawn from the bark of the fruit is a cor*
rosiv.^, and active vesicatory, but it is DOt used.
AVICULA CIPRL^, PastU-a. Margaritffer%
I see PearL
Arom
119
AZT€K>Xr8
^FO/iV. Arenm.
A VOR TEMENT, Abortton.
AVORTER, to Abort
AVORTIN, AhoT^on,
A VOR Toy, Abortion.
A Vl/LS/0, ArraehemenL
AVULSION, Evulsion.
AX, MINERAL WATERS OF. Az is a
•mall town in tbe department of Arri^ge, Fnmoe;
irbere there are several eulphuroas springs, the
t<!mperature of which variea from 77° to 162® of
Fahrenheit
AXE, Axis— a. de VtEil, Axis of the eje.
AX'EA COMMISSU'RA, Troekol'det, A
ptvot-jiiint See Trochoid.
AXIL' LA, Ala, AteePhtf A$«eVla, AteiPla,
AceVla, Cordis emuficlo'n'vm, Mali, Hvyo'tnia,
Fo'tta ajeiUn'rU, Jftu'ekaU, Mat'chalU, (F.)
^iMr(/e. The cavity beneath the jvnction of
the arm with the shoulder; the armpit; (F.)
Oretue de CAitseiU, It is bounded, anteriorly,
by a portion of the pectoralis m%jor ; poeteriorly,
by the latissimttj dorsL It is covered with hair,
eontains much areolar membrane, lymphatic
ganglions, important vessels and nerves, and
Boraeroas sebaceous follicles, furnishing an odor-
ous secretion. In consequence of such secretion,
the ancients called it emutieto'riwn eordU,
AX'ILLART, Ma»ckali4t'u; (F.) AxiUaire,
from ojciUof 'the armpit' Belonging to the
strmpit
Axillary Artbrt, Arit'ria axiUa'rtu/ a con-
tinuation of the subclavian, extending from the
passage of the latter between the scaleni muscles
as far as the insertion of the pectoralis m%)or,
when it takes the name of Brachial,
Axillary Glands are lymphatic glands seated
in the armpit; into which the lymphatic glands
of the upper extremity open.
Axillary Nbryr, Seap^ulo-hu'tMral (Ch.),
Jfer/ cireoi^lex€. Articular nerve; arises from the
posterior part of the brachial plexus, particularly
from the last two cervical pairs and the first
dorsaL It is chiefly distributed to the posterior
margin of the deltoid.
Axillary Vbiw, Vena Axilla'rie, Vena Suha-
Wris, This vein corresponds with the artery;
anterior to which it is situate. It is a continua-
tion of the brachial veine; and, at its termination,
assumes the name i^M^claetan.
AXINE, Ascia.
AXIRNACn. An Arabic word, used by Al-
bucasis to designate a fatty tamour of the upper
•yelid, observed particularly in children.
AXIS, Axon, (F.) Axe, A right line which
passes through the centre of a body.
Axis, Cbrebro-Spiital, see Encephalon — a.
•f the Cochlea, Modiolus — a. Cylinder of Nerve,
see Nerve fibre — a. Coellae, Coeliac artery.
Axis or thb Eye, (F.) Axe de Tat'/, called
also, Viifual Axie and Optic Axie, is a right line,
which falls perpendicularly on the eye, and passes
through the centre of the pupiL
Axis, H^val, Aorta — a. Neural, see Ence-
phalon.
Axis, is also the second vertebra of the neck,
Aron, Epistroph'eue, Epu'trophua, Jfaechalieter :
the Ver'tebra Denta'ta, CF.) Eseieu. So called,
because it forms a kind of axis on which the head
moves. Chaussier calls it Axoide, from o^mv,
'axis,' and uSeg, 'shape.'
AXOIDB, Axis— a. Occipitale, Reotus capitis
posticus mi^or.
AXOiD'O-ATLOID'EUS. What refers to both
the axis and atlas, sa Axoido-atloidean articula-
Uon.
The lesions of the Axoido-atloidean, are, 1.
l^Botore of the Procet^em Venta'tue, 2. Rupture
of the odontoid ligament, and oonsequentlf pas-
sage and pressure of the process behind the trans-
verse ligament : and, 3. The simultaneous ruptnrt
of the odontoid and transverse ligaments. Thesa
different accidents are fatal.
AXOIDO'ATLOWIEN, ObUouus inferior
capitis.
AXON, Axis.
AX UNO E, Adeps pneparata.
AXUNGIA, Pinguedo->a. Gadi, Oleum Jecoris
Aselli — a. de Mumift, Marrow — a. Articularis,
Synovia — a. Piscina Marina, Oleum Jecoris Aselli
— a. Porcina, Adeps prsBparata.
ATPNIA, Insomnia.
AZARNET, Orpiment
AZARUM, Asarum.
AZEDARACH, Melia Azedarach.
AZEDARACIIA AM(ENA, Melia Azedarach.
AZOODYNA'MIA, from a, priv., Uii, MIfe,'
and ivvapii, ' strength.' Privation or diminution
of the vital powers.
AZO'RES, CLIMATE OF. The Azores or
Western Islands are said to afford one of the best
examples of a mild, humid, equable climate to
be met with in the northern hemisphere. It is
slightly colder and moister than that of Madeira^
but even more equable. Sir James Clark thinks,
that a change from the Azores to Madeira, and
thence to Teneriffe — one of the Canaries — would
prove more beneficial to the phthisical valetudi-
narian than a residence during the whole winter
in any one of those islands,
AZOTATE ITARGEST, Argenti nitras.
A'ZOTE, AMo'tum, from a, priv., and (wv, * life.'
NVtrogeHf AVealigtne, Oae oso'ficum, ^itro^
gen'ium, (F.) Aeote, Nitrogine, Air gati. Air
vieiif is a gas which is unfit for respiration. It
is not positively deleterious, but proves fatal^
owing to the want of oxygen. It is one of the
constituents of atmospheric air, and a distin-
guishing principle of animals. Vegetables have
it not generally diffused, whilst it is met with in
most animal substances. It has been variously
called, phlogietic air, vitiated air, Ac. ; has been
looked upon as sedative, and recommended to bo
respired, when properly diluted, in diseases of
the chest
Azote, Protoxide of, Nitrogen, gaseous ox-*
ide of.
AZOTED, Nitrogenized.
AZOTEN^SES, from aceee, and voMf, 'dis-
ease.' Diseases fancied to be occasioned by tht
predominance of azote in the body. — ^Baumes.
AZOTIZBD, Nitrogenised.
AZOTURIA, see Urine.
AZUR, Coral, Smalt
AZU'RIUM. A compound of two parts of
mercury, one-third of sulphur, and one-fourth of
sal ammoniac. — Albertus Magnus.
AZ'YGES, Ax'ygoe, AB'ygoue, eine pari, from
a, priv., and Cvyos, 'equal.' Unequal. The
•phenoid bone, Secanse it has no fellow. Also, a
process, Procee'eueA^ygee, Roetrwm. ephemAda^lip
projecting from under the middle and forepart
of this bone.
AZTGOa QANQLION, see Trisplanchnio
Nerve.
AZYGOUS ARTICULAR ARTERT, see Ar-
ticular arteries of the skuU.
AzYoons Mubclr, Atygot Vvuhg, is the small
muscle which occupies tbe substence of the uvula.
— MorgagnL The name is, however, inappro-
priate, as there are two distinct fasciculi, placed
along-side each other, forming the Pal'ato-»ta»
pkyli'ni, Staphifli'ni or Epietaphyli'wi musdes,-
Staphj/li'ni me'dii of Winslow.
AiYQOUB Vbiv, Vena Axygoe, Veine PrUomh^
AZYMIA HUMORUM
130
BAm
tAoroei7«« — (Ch.)> Vtna 9ine pari. Vena pari
car«n»f (F.) Kein« »aru Paire. This Tein was so
called by Galen. It forms a commanicadon be-
tween the K. cava inferior and V. cava tuperxory
permitting the blood to pass freely between the
two. It rises from the vena caya inferior, or
from one of the lumbar or renal veins, passes
throngh the diaphragm, asciends along the spine
to the right of the aorta and thoracie duet, and
opens into the V. eara superior, where it pene-
trates the perieardlam. On the left tide, fht
semi-az'tgos, Left hronfckiol or left •upericr t»-
tercot'tal vein, Vena cUmi-a^goe, V. htmi-axfygetp
Veine petite prSlomho-tkaraeiqut — ( Ch. ) preaeaU^
in miniature, nearly the same arrangement.
AZYMIA UUMORUM, Crudity of the hu-
mours.
AZ'YMUS, from a, prir., and i^foh MeaTen.'
Axymous bread is unfermented, onlearened breeda
— Galen.
\
B.
BABEURRE, BnUermilk.
BABILLEMENT, Loquacity.
BABUZICARIUS, Incubus.
BAC'ARIS, Bach'arie. A name giren by the
ancients to an ointment, described by Galen
under the name Ointment of Lydia, It was
sometimes employed in diseases of the womb. —
Hippocrates.
BACCiB BERMUDENSES, Sapindns rapo-
norio — b. seu Grana actes, see Sambucus ebulns
— b. JujnbiD, Jt^ube— -b. Myrtillorum, see Yacci-
nium myrtillus — b. Nurlandicse, Rubus arcticns
— b. Piperis Glabri, see Piper Cubeba — ^b. Pisoa-
toria}!, see Menispermum cocoulus — b. Zizyphi,
see Jujube.
BACCAR, Bae'earitf Bae'charie, An herb
used by the ancients in their gariands, to destroy
eucliantment. Perhaps, the Digitalie purpurea,
Somo authors have erroneously thought it to be
the Anarum,
BACCIIARIS, Baeoar.
BACCUPA, from Baechutf 'wine.' A name
applio<l to the rod or pimpled fkee of Uie drunkard.
See Gntta rosea.
BA(;CIIIOA, Hedera helix.
BACHARIS, Bacaris.
BACUELOR'8 BUTTONS, see Strychnos nux
Tomtca.
BACKER'S TONIC PILLS, PUul» ex HeUe-
boro et Mvrrhft.
»
BACILK, Crtthmum maritimum.
BACIL'LUM, Baeiihu, Bae'ulua, Bae'enhit :
* a stick.' This name has been applied to a kind
of troch, composed of expectorants, and having
the 8hai>e of a stick. Also, a suppository. Bacil-
luni was used by the ancient chemists for several
instruments of iron.
BACK-ACn ROOT. Liatris.
BACKSTROKE OF THE HEART, Impulse,
diastolic.
BACOYfl, Musa sapientum.
BACTYRILOBIUM FISTULA, Cassia fistula.
BACULUS, Bacillum.
BADEN, MINERAL WATERS OF. Baden
is a town six miles from Vienna. Here are 12
springs, containing carbonates of lime and mag-
nesia; sulphates of lime, and magnesia, and
t<r)(la; and chlorides of sodium and aluminum.
The water is used in diseases of the skin, rbeu-
inntism, Ac. There are two other towns of the
pamo name; one in Suabia, and the other in
Switzerland, about 12 miles ftx>m Ztlrich, whore
are mineral springs. The waters of the last two
are thermal sulphureous.
BAUEN-BADEN, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Celebrated thermal springs, situate about a league
from the high road to Basle and Frankfort. Their
temperature varies from 130^ to 154^ Fahrenheit
B ADER, Bather.
BADIAGA. A kind of sponge, sold in Russia,
ibe powder of which is aaid to take awj^ the livid
marks frt>m blowf and bruises in a few hoan^
Its nature is not understood.
BADIANEy Illicium aiiisatum«
BADISIS, Walking.
BADUKKA, Capparis badukka.
BAG, DUSTING, see Dusting-bag.
BAGEDIA, Pound.
BAGNi:RES-ADOUR, MINERAL WATERS
OF. Bagndres-Adour is a small town in th«
department of Hautee PyrSnSee, having a greal
number of mineral springs; some, cold chaly*
beates ; others, thermal sidines ; but the greateeft
part sulphureous and warm.
BAGN&RES DU LUCHON is a small towm
in the department of Haute Garonne, on the
frontiers of Spain. It has been for a long tiiM
famous for its numerous sulphureous springiu
the temperature of which is from 69^ to l^S^* of
Fahrenheit
BAGNIGGE WELLS. A saline mlneitf
spring in London, resembling the Epsom.
BAGNIO, Baignoire,
BAGNOLES, MINERAL WATERS OP.
Bagnoles is a village in the department of Omik
The water resembles that of Bagn^ree de Luckomm
BAGNOLS, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bag-
nols is a village, two leagues from Mende, in the
department of Lozdre. The waters are hydro-
sulphurous and thermal : 109° Fahrenheit
BAG AS, Castratus.
BAGUEXAUDIER, Colutea arboreecens.
BAIIA'MA ISLANDS, CLIMATE OF. Th«
climate of the Bahamas is not considered to be
well adapted for consumptive patients, on ao-
count of the rapid alternations of temperature^
and the prevalence of winds, often of a dry, cold
character. Still, the phthisical valetudinariaaa
from most portions of the United States might
derive advantage from a residence there dnrinK
the winter months. The accommodationB aro
not however, good, or numerous.
BAHEL, Colum'nea longifo'lia. A labiated
plant of Malabar, whose leaves, bruised, are ap«
plied as cataplanms to suppurating tumours.
Bahkl SciirLLi, Genista spinosa Indict
BAKfNEUR, Bather.
BAIGNOIRE (F.), Baptiete'rium, a Batltng
tvb, BaguiOf So^fium, Pieci'na. The vessel or
place in which bathing is performed. Baignoirm
oculaire, an eye-hath, — a small vessel for bathing
the eyes.
BAILLEMEST, Yawning.
BAILLONy Speculum oris.
BAIN, Bath— 6. Ohaud^ Bath, hot— &. EUn^
trit/ue, Bath, electric, see Electricity — ft. Entier,
Bath, general — b. de Fauteuil, Bath, hip — K
Frain, Bath, tepid — h. Eroid, Bath, cold — b, Ifom
rtV, Bath, water — 6. Midicinalt Bath, medicated
— b. de Piedf Bath, foot, Pediluvium — b. de Smm,
ble, Bath, sand — b. de Siige, Bath, hip— ft. Tem»'
piri, Ba^ tepid, ^. TtrnponXA— b. d« Tll^
BADTS
121
BALSAM
BAINS^ MINERAL WATERS OF. ThMo
are aitOAle at Plombidrea, department of the
Voagea. They are said to be saline and thermal
by some; others deny them any medical pro-
perties.
BALAMPULLL Tamarindus.
, BALANCE, ARBOSTATIG, Areometer.
BAL'ANCEMENT, GomfieMa'tton, from (F.)
haloMce, * a balance/ itself from hit, * twice,' and
lamXf *% dish.^ A law of teratogeny, as main-
tained by Qeoffroy 8t Hilaire, by which eznbe-
ranoe of nutrition in one organ is supposed to
involve* to a greater or less extent, the total or
partial atrophy of some other, — and conversely.
BALANDA, Fagns Sylvatica.
BALANEUAI, Bath.
BALANISMUS, Suppository.
BALANITIS, Gonorrhoea spuria.
BALANOBLENNORRUCEA, aon<Hrrhcea
fpuria.
BALANOCASTA27UM, Bunium Bolboeasta-
nam.
BALANORRH(EA, Oonorrhma spuria.
BA'LANUS, ^uAaras, 'glaas,' 'an acorn.' The
glans penis. Hence, BeUanoblennarrka'af Blen-
Dorrhesa of the glans; and BtUani'i*», Inflamma-
tion of the glans. Suppositories and pessaries
were called Bai'anL
Balanos Phcesicos, Date.
Balaxits, Glans, Suppository — b. Myrepsica,
Ouilandina moringa.
BALARUC, MINERAL WATERS OF. Ba.
lame is a town in &e department of H6ranlt>
in France. The waters are saline and thermaL
Tbey contain carbonic actd, earbonate of lime,
carbonate of magnesia, chlorides of sodium, cal-
cium, and magnesium, sulphate of lime, and a
little iron. They ve considered tonlo, and are
largely osed. Their temperature is about 118°
Fahrenheit
Balabuo Water, FACTrr"ious, (F.) Eau de
Salarue ; Aqua BellUuea'tia is made of nrnple
aeidulonM water (containing twice its bulk of car-
bonie acid) f^xzss; ekloride of todium, S^b;
chloride of ecuetttm, gr. zvi^ ; chloride of mag-
ueeium, gr. Ivi ; earbonate of magneeia, gr. J.
BALATRO, Bambalio.
BALAUSTINB FLOWERS, see Puniea gra.
natnm.
BALBIS, 0aX0t(, 'a foundation.' Any oblong
Mvity. — Galen. Hippocrates, in his treatise on
the joints, gives the name Balhito'dea to the ole-
cranon cavity of the humerus.
BALBUS, (F.) Bigue, One habitually affected
with stammering. A stammerer.
BALBU'TIES, PteUie'mue, Peel'lotee, BUt*-
eiiat, Barygloe'eiaf Jhfla'lia, Mogila'tia, Itcho-
nJko'nia, Battarie'mvef BambaUia, Hmeita'tiOf
Loque*la hla'ta, (F.) Balbutiementf Bigaiement,
Stammering, St. Vitus's Dance of the Voice.
Also, vicious and incomplete pronunciation, in
which almost all the consonants are replaced by
(he letters B and L ; Traulie'mue,
BALCHUS, BdeUlum.
BALD, Athriz.
BALDMONET, ^thusa menm.
BALDNESS, Alopecia, Caivities— b. Limited,
Ponrigo decalvans — b. Partial, Porrigo decalvans.
BALENAS, Leviathan penis.
BALIMBAGO, Hibiscus popoleni.
BALINEATOR, Bather.
BALINEUM, Bath.
BALL, Pila.
BALLISMtJS, Chorea.
BALLI8TA, AstragalusL
BALLON, Receiver.
BALLOSNBMENT, Tympanites.
BALLO^A FIE'TIDA, B. vulga'rie seu n^ra,
Marru'hittm ntgruMf Black fforehoundf Stinking
JET., (F.) Marruhe noir. This plant is esteemed
to be antispasmodic, resolvent, and detersive. (?)
Ballota La5a'ta, Leonu^me lana'tue, A
plant of the NcU. Family, Labiatso, Sex. Sytt,
Didynamia Gymnospermia, which grows in Si-
beria. The whole plant, with the exception of
the root, has been recommended in dropsy, and
in rheumatism and gont> as a diuretic. It is
usually given in decoction (§8S to ^ to f Jvi^
of water.)
BALLOTTEMENT, (F.) Agita'tion, Sneeu^^
ttofi, MouvemevU de BaUottement, Repercvt'eion,
means the motion impressed on the foetus in
utero, by alternately pressing the uterus by
means of the index finger of one hand introduced
into the vagina; the other hand being applied
on the abdomen. It is one of the least equivocal
signs of pregnancy.
BALLSTON SPA. This village is situate in
Saratoga County, New York. The spring Sans
Souci belongs to the elojss of Acidulous Chaly-
beates. It contains iodide of sodium. There is
also a sulphur spring.
BALM, Melissa — b. Apple, Momordica bal-
samina — b. Bastard, Melitis Melissophyllum — b.
of Gilead, Solomon's, see Tinctura cardamomi —
b. of Gilead, Poplar, Populus candicans — b. of
Gilead tree, Diacocepholnm Canariense — b. In-
dian, Trillium latifolium — b. Mountain, Monarda
coccinea — b. Red, Monarda ooccinea — b. Stink-
ing, Hedeoma.
BALMONT, Chelone glabra.
BALNEA C(ENOSA, Boue dea eaux.
BALNEARIUM, Hypocaustnm.
BALNEARIUS, Bather.
BALNEATOR, Bather.
BALNEOG'RAPHT, Balneograpk'ia, from
^oAavccov, ' a bath,' and yfaf^, * a description.'
A description of baths.
BALNEOL'OGY, Balneolog^ia, from M«-
wuevf 'a bath,' and y^eyet, * a, description.' A
treatise on baths.
BALNEOTHERAPI'A, from fiaXevtiw, 'a
bath,' and Btfmwua, 'treatment' Treatment of
disease by baths.
BALNEUM, Bath— b. Acidnm, Bath, acid-*
b. Alkalinnm, Bath, alkaline— b. Animole, Bath,
animal — b. Antipsoricum, Bath, antipsoric — b.
Anti-syphiliticttm, Bath, antisyphilitic — b. Are-
nas, Bath, sand — b. Gelatinosum, Bath, gelatinous
— b. MarisB, Bath, water — b. Medicatum, Bath,
medicated — ^b. Sulphuris, Bath, sulphur.
BALSAM, BaVeamvmj BoVeeon, Bel'eeon, (F.)
Bauwie, This name is given to natural vegetable
substances, concrete or liquid, but very odorous,
bitter, and piquant: comppsed of resin, ben sole
acid, and sometimes of an essential oil ; — which
allow benzoic acid to be disengaged by the action
of heat ; readily dissolved in voUtile oil, alcohol,
and ether; and, when treated with alkalies, afford
a soluble bensoate, and throw down resin. We
know of only five balsams : — those of Peru, and
Tolu, Benzoin, eolid Styrax or Storax, and liquid
Styrax. (See Uiose different words.) There arc,
however, many pharmaceutical preparations and
resinous substances, possessed of a balsamio
smell, to which the name baleam has been given ;
but they differ essentially in composition and
properties : hence the distinction of balsams into
natural and arti^eial. The natural haUamt in
dude the five before mentioned; the artijiciai
the remainder.
Balsam, Acous'tic, BaVtamum Aeoue'tieunt^
(F.) Baume aeouetique, A mixture of fixed and
essential oils, sulphur, and tinctures of f*tid
gums. Used in cases of atonic deafness, dropped
into the ear. The ocoiisfto baleam of Dr. Hugh
BALSAM, AMJBRICAN
in
BALSAM, PEBUVIAK
B&tb, bead— 6. Tiide, Bath, tepid— 5. Trh /raid,
Bath, cold — b, de Vapeur, Bath, Tapour.
Smith is made by mixing three drachmB of ox-
Ifa// with one drachm of balnam of Peru,
BA.L8AM, Amsrican, see Myrozylon Pemiferam
— b. Anodyne, Bates's Linimentum saponia et
opii.
Balsax, Apoplkc'tio, Bal'tamunif Apoplecf-
ticunif (F.) Baume apopUctique. A medicine
composed of several bahanu properly so called,
resins, and volatile oils. It is of a stiff eoneist-
enco, is worn in ivory boxes about the person,
and is smelled at in headachs, Ac.
Balsam Apple, Momordica balsamina.
Balsam of Arcs'us, BaV§amum Arcai, Un-
guen'tum EVevnif (F.) Baume cTArceriw. A soft
ointment; sometimes employed in wounds, ul-
cers, Ac It is made by melting, with a gentle
lieat, two parts of mutton suet, one of lard, one
and a half of turpentine, and as much resin.
Balsam, Cavada, see Pinus balsamea — b. Ca-
nary, Dracocephalum Canariense — b. Capivi,
Copaiba.
Balsam op Carpa'thta, BaPeamum Oarpath'-
tctim, (F.) Baume de Carpathie, The resin of
the Pinue Ctmbraf a tree, which grows in Si^it-
ccrland, Libya, and the Krapao mountains in
Hungary.
Balsam, Ghaltb'eate, BaVeamum Chalyhea*-
tntKf (F.) Banme deader ou d^aiyuillea, A mix-
ture of nitmtc of iron, alcohol, and oil, prepared
by dissolving needles in nitric acid. It was for-
merly employed in frictions in pains of the joints.
Balsam, Commander's, Tincturabensoini eom-
posita — b. for Cuts, Tinctura benzoini composita.
Balsam, Cordtal, op Semxer'tus, BaVaamum
Cordia'le Smner'tif (F.) Baume eordiale de Sen-
nert. A stimulant medicine, composed of the
essential oils of citron, cloves, and cinnamon, of
musk, and ambergris. Dose, 6 to 15 drops.
Balsam of Fierabras. A celebrated Spanish
vulnerary balsam, mentioned by Cervantes ; the
composition of which was oil, rosemary, salt and
wine. (?)
Balsam, Spir'ttuous, op Fzorayenti, BaP-
eamum Fioraren'ti tpirituo' $um, (F.) Baume de
Ftoravenii epirttueux. Different products of the
distillation of resinous and balsamic substances,
and of a number of aromatio substances, pre-
viously macerated in alcohol, have been &ius
called. The Spirituoue Baham of Fioraventif
the only one now used in friction, in chronic
rheumatism, is the first product of the distillation
from a sand-bath. It Is entirely alcoholic The
Oilif BaUam of Fioraventi is obtained by re-
moving the residue, and distilling it in an iron
vessel, at a white heat It has the appearance
of a citrine-coloured oil. The Black BaUam of
Fioraventi is the black oil, obtained when the
temperature is suflficient to carbonise the sub-
stances in the cucurbit
Balsam of Fir, see Pinus balsamea.
Balsam op Fourcrot or of Laborde, (F.)
Banme de Fourcroy ou de Laborde. A kind of
liniment composed of aromatio plants, balsams,
resins, aloes, turpentine, theriao, and olive oiL
Used in chaps of the skin and nipples.
Balsam, Friar's, Tincturabensoini composita.
Balsam of GRXKVidvE, (F.) Baume de Oene-
viiv*:. An ointment composed of wax, turpen-
tine, oil, red saunders, and camphor. Used in
contused wounds, gangrene, Ac
Balsam of Hoxky (Hill's.) A tincture made
of fo/ii, honey (ft& Ibj) and tpirit, (a gallon.) A
pectoral, used in coughs. The committee of the
New York College of Pharmacy recommend the
following formula:' — (Onm, Benzoin. ?v, Bala.
Tolut. Jj, Menu gviy, AleokoL Oiy— digest for
IP d^ys Mad lUter^ Bee Mel
Balsam or HoRBBotnrD (Ford's.) A tinotau*
of horekoufidf liquorice-root, camphor, opi mm f
benzoin, dried equilla, ail of aniectxl, and Lomegm
It has the same properties as the above. Bm
Marrubium.
Balsam, Hungariait, see Pinus mughos.
Balsam, Htpkot'ic, Bal'eamum JIypnot'icw%
(F.) Baume Bypnotique. A preparation of whiw
opium, hyoscyamns, camphor, and some other
sedative substances form the basis. It is used
externally in friction, to provoke sleep.
Balsam, IItstrr'ic, Bal'eamum Hytter'ieuwu
(F.) Baume Jfyetiriquc A preparation made of
opium, aloes, asafoetida, castor, distilled oils of
rue, amber, Ac It is held to the nose, applied
to the navel, or rubbed on the hypogastrium in
hysterical cases.
Balsam, Ikdiav, see Myroxylon peruifemm.
Balsam op Leictourb of Cokdom or Viiicb-
OUERB, Bal'tamum Leetoren'ei. A strongly sti-
mulant and aromatic mixture of camphor, saffroB,
musk, and ambergris, dissolved in essential oflii
The ancients burnt it for the purpose of purifying
the air of a chamber, when infected wiUi a disa-
greeable odour.
Balsam op Lifb op Hopp'mait, BaVeemwm
Vita Hoffman' ni, (F.) Baume de Vie d*Hoffma»»
A tincture, composed of essential oils and amb«r>
gris, employed internally and externally as a
sUmulant A mixture of essential oils without
alcohol constitutes the Saxon Balaam, Bar»amm9i
apoplee'tieumf B. aromat'icum, B. etphaVicuwt, B,
Stucon'ieum, B. nervi'num, B. Schbrzeri, B. Ao-
mach'icum. Employed in friction as a stimulanti
Balsam op Life, Decoctum aloes composltBB
— b. of Life, Turlington's, see Tinctura beoMdal
composita.
Balsam op Locatel'li or Lvcatel'li, Beif'*
eamum Lueaiel'lif (F.) Baume de LucateL A BOft
of ointment, composed of wax, oil, turpentino,
sherry, and balsam of Peru, coloured with red
saunders. It was once administered^ in pulm»>
nary consumption.
Balsam op Mecca, see Amyris opobalsaaram
— b. Mexican, see Myroxylon Peruifemm — Ik
Natural, see Myroxylon Peruiferum.
Balsam, Green, of Metz, BaVaamum Vir'idi
Meten'aium, BaVaamum Vir'idf, (F.) Baume wtrt
de Metz, Baume de Feuillet, Huile verte, 0*lettm
ox'ydi cupri vir'idi. This is composed of sevoral
fixed oils, holding, in solution, subcarbonate of
copper, sulphate of sine, turpentine, aloes, and
the essential oils of cloves and Juniper. It it
green and caustic, and is employed to hasten the
cicatrization of atonic ulcers,
Balsam, Nbphrit'ic, op Fuller, BaVe amn m
Nephrefieum Fulleri. A liquid medicine, eoB'-
posed of oils, resins, and Iwlsams, which have
experienced an incipient state of carbonisatioii
from concentrated sulphuric acid. It was given
in the dose of 15 to SO drops in certain affection!
of the kidneys.
Balsam, Nbrvofs, BaVaamum Nerri'nuwtf
(F.) Baume nervin ou nerval. A kind of ointment^
composed of fatty bodies, volatile oils, balsam of
Peru, camphor, Ac. It is employed in friction
in cases of sprains and rheumatic pains.
Balsam, Paraltt'ic. op Mtnsicht. A sort
of liniment or soft mixture of the essential oils
of different aromatio plants, oils of turpeotino
and amber. — L6mory.
Balsam op Parki'ra brava, BaVaamum Pa*
reVr<B brava. A soil mixture of balsmm, resin,
muriate of ammonia, and powder of the root of
Pareira brara. It is given internally, to excito
the urinary secretion.
Balsam, Peruviaic, see Myroxylon Pemifo-
mm — b. of Pern, red, see Toluifera balsamui
b. of Peru, white, see Myroxylon Peruiferum.
BALSAMADBKD&OK GIUZADENSB 19S
BAMBOO
BAX.SAH or RiCKAii'iiAorof Rakasi'bi. Thia
•abeUtnce u of a yeUowish-brown colour ; lemi-
toMBspamit ; firagile, when dry, but softening br
heat; adhering to the teeth, when ehewed. It
hae a smell similar to that of the Balsam of Tolu,
and is slightly bitter. It is bronght from India
fai gonrd shells, and has been employed in dia-
easea of the nrinarj and genital organs, especially
hs gonorrfacea.
Balsam, Risa. Prepared from the shoots of
the Scotch Fir, macerated in spirit of wine. In-
ternally , sttmnlant and diuretic; 4xt0maUy, a
ralaerary. Bee Finns Cembra.
Balsam or Satvbk, Bal* Mmmm Anwr'at. A
■rintion of acetate of lead in spirit of turpentine,
eoneentrated by. eraporation ; to which camphor
bas been added. This balsam was applied to
hasten the cicatrisation of wounds.
Balsam or tbb Samab'itaji, (F.) Bourns du
Samaritain, A sort of liniment^ prepared by
boiling together, at a gentie heat, eqnal parts of
wine and oil. It is said to hare been the oint-
Bsent used by the Samaritan of the Gospel to
•vre a patient covered with ulcers.
Balsam, Sazob, Balsam of Life of Hoffmann.
Balsam or Sulpbub, Bal'Mmnm Sul'pknrU,
(F.) Bnnmit dm Son/re. A solntioB of sulphur in
•iL— ^. •a/p*. an%»a'imm, (F.) B. de Somfrt aniai,
A solatiou of sulphur in essential oil of aniseed;
giren as a carminative. — B. Sulpk. •uoetna'tum,
IF.) B.de Sou/re tueeinS, A solntton of sulphur
m oil of amber. — B, Suinkmria tertbinikina'tum,
Okunmon Bmick Drop; (Y,) B. ds •ou/re tSrHin-
tkini, A solution of sulphur in essential oil of
tarpentiBe, administered as a diuretic. — The Bal-
mmn of Sulphur o/ Rvlavd is a solution of sulphur
In linseed oil or nut oil.
Balsam ow Stm'patbt, BaUamum Sympaih*'
eeiMK, (F.) Baume de SympathU, A balsam, used
In the days when sympathetio influence was
strongly belicTcd in. It was composed of the
raspings of a human skull, blood, and human fat,
and was applied to the instrument which had
isAicted the wound.
Balsam, Tbibact's. A tincture of m3nrTh,
aloes, dragon's blood, flowers of St John's wor^
and Cfaio turpentine. inlema/(y, diuretic ; ecelar-
mmlly, rulnerary.
Balsam ow Tolv, see Toluifera Balsamnm.
Balsam, Tbahqitil, BcU'tamum iranquiPhnn
■en tranquiVlaMf (F.) B, tranquUU, A liquid
medicine employed, externally, in the shape of
friction : it is prepared by macerating and boU-
ing, in olire oU, narcotic and poisonous plants, —
belladonna^ mandragora, hyoscyamus, Ac — and
afterwards infusing, in the Altered decoction,
different aromatic plants. It was employed as
•a anodyne.
Balsam, Tubkbt, Draeocephslnm Canariense.
Balsam or ToB'PBBTurB, Dutch Drop; BaV-
9umum Terebin'thinst. Obtained by distilling
oil of turpentine in a glass retort, until a red
halnm Is lefU It possesses the properties of the
tarpen tines.
Balsam, Ybbtain's, Tinetnra Benioini oom-
poeita.
Balsam, Yul'bbbabt, or MnmBRB'sus, l^of-
•OMMM vulnera'rium Jfinder^ri, (F.) B, fndni'
mir€ de Miivdbbbr. A kind of liniment, com-
posed of turpentine, resin elemi, oil of St John's
wort, and wax. Employed in friction, and as a
dressing to wounds.
Balsam Wbbb, Impatiens fblva — b. Wound,
Tinetnra Bensoini composita.
BALSAMADENBROK GILEADENSB,
Anyris GUeadensis — b. Bfyrrha, see Myrrha.
BALSAMARIA INOPHTLLUM, see Fagara
oetandnk
BALSAMELJBON, Myroxylon Pemifennn.
BALSAM'IC, BeUwm'ieut, from fiaXvoMw,
'balsam.' Possessing the qualities of baUams.
BaUamie odour: — a sweet, faint, and slightly
nauseous smell. BaUamit nthatanee : — one re-
sembling the balsams in property.
BALSAM lER £l£mIfMrE, Amyris elcmi-
fera — h. de la Mecque, Amyris opobalsamuin.
BALSAMINA, Momordica balsamina.
BALSAMINEf Momordica baliamina.
BALBAMITA F(EMINEA, Achilles ageratum
— b. Major, Tanacetum balsamita — b. Mas, Ta-
nacetum balsamita.
Balsami'ta Suat'eolbus, B, odora'ta, B. ma-
Mentha Saracen*ica, M. Boma^na. Fatfu
ru.
Compositfls CorymbifersB. Sex. Sytt. Syngenesia
Polygamia superflua. A plant, common in the
south of France, and cultiTated in the gardens ;
where it bears the names Mentheeoq, Grand
haume, Baume det Jardine. Its smell is strong
and aromatic, and taste hot It is used for the
same purposes as tansey, L e. as a stimulant, yer-
mifnge, Ac.
Balsamita Svatbolbks, Tanacetum balsa*
mita — b. Vulgaris, Tanacetum balsamita.
BALSAMO-SACCHAKUM, Elaso-Saccharum.
BALSAMXJM, see Balsam, Amyris opobalsa-
mum — b. i&gyptiacum, see Amyris opobalsanium
b. Album, see Myroxylon Peruifemm — b. Alpini,
Dracocephalnm Canariense— b. Alpini, see Amy-
ris opobalsamnm — b. Anodynnm, Linimentum
saponis et opii — b. Apoplectienm, Balsam of life
of Hoffmuin — b. Aromaticum, Balsam of life of
Hoffmann — b. Asiaticnm, see Amyris opobalsa-
mnm — b. Brasiliense, Copaiba — b. Calaba, see
Fagara octandra — b. Canadense, see Finns bal*
samea — b. Catholicnm, Tinctura bensoini com-
posita — b. Cephalicum, Balsam of life of Hoff-
mann — h. OopaibsB, Copaiba — b. Genuinum anti-
quorum, see Amyris opobalsamnm — b. Hypericl
simplex, see Hypericum perforatum — b. Judai-
cnm, see Amyris opobalsamnm — b. Libani, sea
Pinus cembra—b. MarisB, see Fagara octandra—
b. e Mecci, see Amyris opobalsamum — b. Mer-
curiale, Unguentnm hydrargyri nitratis — ^b. Ner-
▼inum. Balsam of life of Hoffmann -<- b. Opodel-
doc, Linimentum saponis camphoratum — b. Oph-
thalmieum rubrum, Unguentnm hydrargyri ni-
Mco-oxydi — ^b. Persicum, Tinctura benzoini com-
riita — ^b. Peruannm, see Myroxylon Peruifemm
Satnminum, Ungnentum plnmbi superacetaiis
-~ b. ScherserC Balsam of life of Hoffmann — b.
Stomachicum, Balsam of life of Hoffmann — b.
Styraois, Stynx — ^b. Styracis bensoini, Benjamin
b. Succini, see Snccinum — b. Snlphuris Barba-
dense, Petroleum sulphuratnm — b. Snlphuris
simplex. Oleum sulphuratnm — b. Syriacum, see
Amyris opobalsamum — b. Tolutanum, see Tolu-
ifera balsamum ^ b. Tranqnillans sen Tranquil-
lum, Balsam, tranquil — \>, 'Traumaticnm, Tinctura
bensoini composita — b. Universale, Unguentnm
plnmbi snperacetatis — b. Viride, Balsam, green,
of Mets ; see Fagara octandra.
BAL8AMUS PALUSTR IS, Mentha aquatiea.
BAL8EM, Amyris opobalsamum.
BAMBA, Bamboo.
BAM6ALIA, Balbuties.
BAMBA'LIO, Bam*balo, Baia'tro, from ^a^
fiatvi*, * I speak inarticulately.' One who stam-
mers or lisps, or utters inarticulate sounds. Ac-
cording to Kbacbb, one who speaks as il be had
pap in his month, or as if the tongue were para-
lysed.
BAMBOO, fF.) Bambou, Bambu, Fav*, Gra-
minesB. Sex, Sywi, Hexandria Monogynio. Tha
Tonng shoots of Bamboe arundina\ta, Arun'du
bamboe, Bambu'ea arundina'oeOf and of Bumbou
I utrticilla'ta, contain a saccharine pith, of whieb
BAMBOS 124 BANDELETTE
the people of both the Indies are very fond, wards by the doloirg and rtvtned methoda
Ihey are sometimes mode into a pickle. described.
BAMBOS AKUNDINACEA, Bamboo— b. BANDAGE DIVISIF, Dividing bandana—
Verticilluta, Bamboo. b, en JDoloire, Boloire,
BAMiiUSA AUUNDINACEA, Bamboo. Bandaqb, EiaHTEEN-TAiLVD, Fcu'eia octoJF^
BAMIX MOSCilATA, Hibiscus abelmoschus. eeim capit'ibut, (F.) Bandage d dix kuit du/k,
BAMMA, from Pama, 'I plunge/ 'a paint; a This bandage is made of a longitudinal porticNl
dye.' Anciently, liquids were so called, in which of a common roUer ; and with a sufficient ni
certain bodies wore plunged, to moisten or soften bor of transverse pieces or tuls, to oorer as mndk
thorn. In the case of tea, for instance, into which of the part as is requisite. It is a very uaefal
bread is dipped, the tea would be the bawuiuu bandage, inasmuch as it can be undone
BAXANA, Musa sapientum. disturbing the part.
BANANIEltf Musa sapientum. Bandagi, Oalkn*!, B, for ike Poor, Faafeim
BANAUSIA, Charlatanry. QaU'ni sen Pau'perum, (P.) Bandage do OaUm
BANC D'UIPPOCRATE, Bathron. fo de» Pauvre$, Oa'Ua, is a kind of cactiWiis w
BANCAL, (P.) One who has deformed legs. ^<»^' {^ 'L^''''T^K^^^^'l^ ^^ ^
T» ;« 1,. 1 .. \u^ i-/^«- ^».»^«».. -«j «^-„. oi» «»ob side J of which Galev has given a d«-
which s€^ ^ cowi,«rnw, and fHxrue, g,rip^^„^ gj^ dancer, GalenL
w» A A^.y'w*rkr,TTa /-n X a i .*v a *> Basdaoe, Uernial, see Tbubs — b. ImM^
BA.SCROCffE (P.) A vulgar epithet for a ^^i,^ Apparatus, immovable.
rickety individual Bahdaob, Ik'ouikal, Fae'cia inguina'lie. A
BAND, PRIMITIVE, see Nerve Fibre. bandage for keeping dressings applied to Of
BAX'DAQE, Dtntmay Stfndet'mutf Ifypodte* groin. It consists of a cincture, to which if aiU
Mif, Hjfpodetma, Hypodet^mutf (the last three tached a triangular compress, adapted for covwu
signify properly an under bandngo.) A binder, ing the groin. To the lower extremity of tUi^
from Sax. bindan, 'to bind.' This word, with one or two bandages are attached, which pMi
the French, is generally used to express the me- under the thigh, and are fixed to the posterior
thodical application of rollers, compresses, Ac, part of the cincture. This bandage may be eitlMV
BatCdaging, Sgn'deeie, to fix an apparatus upon simple or double.
any part,— corresponding to the words deliga'tio, Other bandages will be found described ondflt
/a«cia'tio,fiucia'rwnappliea'tio,epid'eeU, With their various names.
us the noun is usually applied to the result of the Baxuaob, Perm aitent, Apparatos, immovibto
application, or to the bandage itself; — a sense in — ^b. of the Poor, see Canoer Galeni; and Band*
which the French employ the word Bande, Bfw- age, Galen's.
dages are eimple or compowMl, The simple ban- Bandaok or separate Strips, or B. or Scub*
dage is equal, if Uie turns are applied circularly n'rvs, Faa'ciu/aeci'olit eevara'tim diepoe'itiewti^
above each other; unequ€U, if the turns are not Seulte'ti, (F.) Bandage d bandelettee efparieo (Ml
accurately applied upon each otber. If each turn de Scultct. This is formed of linen strips, eaok
of the bandage be only covered one- third, it capable of surrounding once and a half £ho pari
forms the dohire of the French; if the edges to which they have to be implied, and plaetd
touch only slightly, it is the moueeS; if the turns upon each other, so as to cover successively one*
are very oblique and separated, it is the epiral third of their width. It is used chiefly for frad-
or creeping, (P.) rampant ; if folded upon each tures, requiring frequent dressing.
other, it is termed tne reverted, (F.) renverei. Bandage, Under, Uypodesmis — 6. UntotoMig
By uniting various kinds of bandaging, we have Uniting bandase.
the compound; and these compound bandages BANDAGINGi see Bandage — ^b. Doctrine d^
have received various names expressive of their Desmaturgia.
figure, or of the parts to which they are applied, BAN'DAGIST. One whose business it is !•
as capittrum, apica, Ac, Bandages are divided, make bandages, and especially those for hernia*
also, as regards their uses, into MMifia^, rf»wV/»ny, BANDE, Bandage. The word Bando, im
retaining, expelling, compreeting, d'c anatomy, is used by the French for various
Bandage or Roller, Fae'cia, Ta'nia, Epi- row, flat, and elongated expansions. Ban4§
den'tnot, Vin'culum, the Bande of the French, is d^H4liodore, is a kind of bandage for supporting
derived from (G.) binden, 'to bind.' It may the mammse.
bo made of linen, flannel, or other stuff capable BANDEAU, (P.) A kind of simple bandage^
of offering a certain resistance. The two extre- which consists of a piece of cloth, folded four
mitiea of a bandage are called taile, (P.) chef; times, and applied round the head. There It
and the rolled part is termed its head, {¥,) globe, also the Bandeau ou Mouchoir en triangfo or
If rolled at both extremities, it is called a double- triangular bandage, a kind of eonvrechef, mad«
headed roller or bandage, (P.) Bande d deux of a square piece of cloth, or of a handkerchief
glohen, folded diagonally, and applied round the head.
Bandage, Body, irarKtV?, {^.) Bandage de BANDELETTE, CF.) Diminutive of ^aadk
CorpM, IS used for fixing dressmgs, Ac, to the Patciola, Taniola, Vitta; a narrow bandagcu
trunk. It IS formed of a towel, napkin, or some gt^ip, or fillet Abio TsenU semicircularis.
largo compress, folded three or four Umes; the bANDELETTES AOGLUTINATIVES.
extremities of which are fastened by pins. This ^^ ^ ^ ^^ glutinous plastw^
is again fixed by means of the ecapulap bandage, y. /„..„«„,,,,. g^ Agglutinant ^
i»hich IS nothing more than an ordinary ban- jiAWnPTPTTP^ Tirnnnr>^P^\.^ -♦-?«-
dage, sUtched to the anterior and middle part BANDELETTES DEOOUPEES, are stnpt
of the napkin, passing over the clavicles and ^^ "°??» nof<«»ea <"» one edge, and covere^ oa
behind the head, to be attached to the back part <>°« "i^®/ ^^''^ ointment They are applied to
of the napkin. wounds to prevent the lint from sticking, and tM
Bandage, Comprbsstng, or Roller, Faeeia laceraUon of the cicatrix.
^mpreaai'va seu eonvoWta, (P.) Bandage com- BANDELETTE SEAfWlRCULAfBE, Ti^-
yrew've ou rouU, is the simple ro/^r with one nia semicircularis — b. dee Oomce d'ammon, Cor^uB
uead ; and is employed in cases of ulcers, varices, fimbriatum — 6. dee Jamineneee pyriformet, Tmlft
Ac, of the limbs. Whenever this roller is applied semicircularis — 6. de VHippocampe, Corpora
to the lower part of the limbi^ it is caxri&d up- briata.
BA2n>UBA
125
BARK
BANDU1l^ N«peiit]ift desUlUtorfau
BAN DT- LEGGED, CnemofcoliosM.
BAXEBEKRT, Aotaa ipieate.
BAXGUE, Bhang, Bangi or Beng, Stdhee,
Bakj€€. AdAoson believes this to be the Nepen-
ikm of the aDciento. The largest leares and cap-
«les withont the stalks of CJm'nabU In*dtea,
(F.) Ckanvrt Indian, Indian hemp, probablj iden-
ttoal with C. •ativa. FamiU, UrticesB. Sex. iiy$t.
JNseeia Pentandria. The leaves and flowers of
Ouioabis are narcotic and astringents They are
chewed and smoked. The seeds, mixed with
ipiwB, areca, and sugar, produce a kind of in>
fttzieadon, and are used for this purpose by the
peo|^ of India. An alcoholic extract of the
plants CkurruM, has been used in India, and since
thtn in Europe and in this country as a narcotic,
ad anti-couTulsiTe, in the dose of from half a
gnm to ten or more. It requires, howcTcr, great
eantaoQ in its administration. The pure resin —
OisMMi^'iM — is aotATe in the dose of two-thirds of
ftman.
Tkt dried planty which has flowered, and from
vUeh the resin has not been removed, ealled
GwMok or Qanjakf HeuehUek, Hatkiek, Haekisck
m vkmtekisek, of the Arabs, consists of the tops
mi tender parts only of the plant, collected im-
■siKstcly after inflorescence, and simply dried.
BANICA, Pastinaca sativa.
BANILAS, VanUla.
BAXILLA, Vanilla.
BANILLOES, Vanilla.
BAXISTE'RIA AXGULCVSA. This plant,
h Brasil and the Antilles, passes for a powerful
niorifle, and an antidote to the poison of ser-
BAXKSIA ABTSSIXICA, Hagenia Abysd-
vkm — b. Speciosa, Costns.
BAXXI^RES, MIXERAL WATERS OF.
Bnmi^res is a village in Quercy, dioce«s of Ca>
hon, France. The waters are proliably cbaly-
tsite. They are celebrated in amenorrhoea,
CMhexia, jaundice, Ac
BA'OBAB, Adan^'nia dtgita'ta, of Africa;
SaL Ord. Bombacese : one of the largest prodnc-
ttons of the vegetable kingdom. Its fruit is
Mllcd, in the country. Pain de •ingt. The palp
ii soorijb, and agreeaUe to eat : and a refreshing
drink is made from it, which is used in Urtn.
yfcwpe ro Alpini and Dr. L. Frank think that the
Tsrra Lemmia was prepared, in Ej^jpi. fitim the
fulp. All the parts of the Baobab abound in
■Mcilagw. The bark has been given as a snbstl-
tite fur cinchona.
BAPTISIA LECCAXTHA. see Sophora tine-
iMria — b. Tinetoria, Sophota tiactoria.
BAPTLSTERIUH, Bmigm^rt.
BARAQVETTE. (V.) A name given by Ra-
MMy physirian at Xismes in France. Uj a eatar-
ikal qndemy, which occiui e d there in 17<L See
BARBER-CHIRUR'GEOXS. A CorpomHoa
of London, instituted by king Edward IV. The
barbers were 0eparate<l from the surgeons. >>y 18
Geo. IL, c. 15; and the latter were erer-trd into
a Botfal Collegt of Snrgeont at the cummencemeni
of the present centurv.
BARBERS, AKMT, see Bathers.
BARBERIE, MIXERAL WATERS OP.
These mineral waters are half a lea;:u( fn^ro
Nantes. They contain carbonic acid, rhlori'les
of magnesium and sodium, sulphate of niii£;n«-^ia,
carbonates of magnesia, lime, and iron. They
are used as chalybeates.
BARBERRY, Oxycantha Oaleni — b. Amen-
can, see Oxycantha OalenL
BARRIERS. A variety of paralysis chiefly
prevalent in India ; and by many con»i<i«-rrd to
be the same as Beriberi. Beriberi is ct'mmutiij
an acute disea«>e. Barbiers is generally cbrouic
BARBITIVM. Beard.
BAR'BOXE, PubiA, os.
BARBOTISE, Artemisia Santonira.
BARBULA CAPRIXA. Hpirva ulmaria.
BARCLAY'S AXTIBILIOI'S PILLS, Pilulss
antibilioffsp.
BARDADIA, Pound.
B.\RD.\XA, Arctium lappa — b. Minor, Xan-
thium.
BARDAXE PETITE. Xaathinm.
BAREGES, MIXERAL WATERS f-F.
Bareges is a village in the department of Ifai -• i
Pyrenees, near which are several rprinji. 7!.-y
are sulphureous and thermal, the beat vsr^icg
from 85® to 112* Fahrenheit. They c r'*aia
chlorides of magnevium and sodium. >i.!i Lar«Es
of magnesia and lime, caibonate *,f Wm^i. •al-
phur, Ac. These springs have ]'>Bg tr/ytTt-A a
high reputation, and are daily adviic<d m cu«.a&e-
o«s and scrofulous aflecli/»ns, Ac.
FAcrmors BarIoes Watkk, A*pgn B*tr*g\.
wen'ti*. iV.) Earn </« Barfy**. i§ made by ad'JicjTf
kwdra9mlpkmrrtUd ttnter^ f^i^r to pmr* trnier,
f^xvijss, earbem>9t€ o/ ««xtf«, gr. xtj, tkl^dt i^
modimm. gr. sa. Bottle t\'fM\j.
BARG.4DA, Conv^Jvuloj pes «apr>.
BARGOU. An aliaMntary prefi«rat^/B f'vrmeH
of ground oais, bcalcd to a |mf«r cr^aiittec^
with water.
BARIGLIA. fv>da.
BARII CHLORIDrM. Baryta, muriate oT^
K lodi'lum. Barrta. hydri^-^dabe 'A.
BARILLA, i^^i»— b. Ali^rart, »>da^b. Car-
tharena. iv^ia — b. Turkey, S<^»
i BARILLOR. ^jAn,
BARIUM. Bm'rjwm, Bmrffimm. PUu/winm^
to eau«d {ftm tbe great 4ttMtisj W its eras'
BARATHROX. Juaiperv
BARATHRUM. Antrum.
BARBA. Beard— h. Aaroais. Arwa
Caprsp, Spirse-a ufanaria — b. Hhri
Jovis. Semperrivum teeterum
BARBADOES, see West ladsci — fa.
■epfaaariaris.
BARBARE.%. E f fi imam
ftisiuum Bart-area.
BARBAROS'>.S PILTLK,
PiBt. An ancicruc eouipiamCK* «f
dbjnrl'liaB. nsk. A<. It wse dM
MABBB,
MABS£AV,Cj
r:*. tTlr->i».v ■.^— ft. Pr-.t/^xt^* 'vt liaryta.
B.\RK.' Ci<tt^S(aa — b. Bitter. Ka-'ira*** pa-
T>ec# — b. ''aii-'a-**. Tis •.&<•« v.fiif\'/.» ••'.r*!—
' K. Car-i«aa. f'^^^-^jfiM '.arJrssst e«r>x — k.. ' ar-
thar*ia. t** Cla •£.'.«* — V. Cp>wa. Cm^t'.csi
•«rv« — *.. KY. Magx^ila ^-t«/» — '..
sa^*. 'jf. M<t Ca*-.*'.** — fc. l.'.T.ix,
re^«n-* — *», 0«nr«a. Pfe*ks*7» fi-
— %. Crrsy, •**t Csa-Hb'.a* — b. Hm*zv*^.. •*#
^•-3a — V. la^^iaa. MaipU'.t.iA f^an^n — ' . a*^
k^«* — b. lAxa. C3u»«ii«« laa'-rf.'..j»
»rjrvtx — *- Pa>. '~a'*k<aar m^if^.x'jM »'vr*>i - '..
MarwvySiv. i*« Ca*Hww»— ^ P«rwu£, ' .n*i.-.-
■a — V. F^ya. C!ai»iirt«ar rsrf>«* *'jr-^ — \.
lUA. Oxi'vaat vUrt**iflifta -nrvx — *•.. •■»'£!
Csatfertfiu^ ^asrimm ••wt*! — *■.. *«ara
'/ -
BABLERIA
198
BASIL
BARLERIA BUXIFOLIA, Can iehnllL
BARLEY, PEARL, Me Hordeum— b. Scotoh,
Bordeum — b. Water, IXecoctam hordeL
BARM, Ye«t
BARXET, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bar-
net ifl not far from London. The water ii of a
purging quality, like that of Epsom, and about
half the etrengtb.
BAROMACROM'ETER, Pmdobaromacrom'-
€ter, P^Btlom'tterf from 0afot, 'weight,' naKfoi,
'long,' and /icrpoy, 'measure.' An instmment
invented by Stein to indicate the length and
weight of a new-born infant
BAROM'ETER, Baroteop'ivm^ Ba'roteope,
from fiap9s, 'weight,' and furfov, 'meaiore.' (F.)
Barom^tre, An instrument which measures the
weight of the air. A certun degree of densi^ in
this medium is necessary for health. When we
ascend high mountains great inconvenience ia
experienced, owing to the diminished denaity.
Changes of this character are indicated by the
Barometer or weather-glasi.
BA'ROS, ^ap«(, 'heavinesa.' Employed by the
Greek physicians to designate the feeling of las-
situde and heaviness observable in many dii<<aiies.
—Hippocrates, Qalen. •
BAROSCOPE, Barometer.
BAROSMA CRENATA, Diosma orenata.
BAROTES SALITU8, Baryta, muriate oil
Ji ARRAS, see Pinus sylvestris.
BARRE, MINERAL WATERS OF. Barre
is a small town, six leagues from Strasburg.
The waters are thermal, and contain much iron,
calcareous salt, Ac They are diuretic and tonic
BARRE (F.) Barrurt, Vara, 'a bar.' A pro-
jection or prolongation of the symphysis pubis :
—a deformity rendering delivery difficult
BARBAE rF.) A term applied, in Fraaoe,
to a female whoM pelvis has the deformity de-
scribed under Barrc
BARRIES, (DENTS.) The molar teeHi,
when the roots are spread or tortuous, so that
they cannot be extracted without being broken ;
or without a portion of the alveolar arch b^g
removed.
BARREL OF THE EAR, Tympanum.
BARRENNESS, Sterilitas.
BARROS, Terra Portugallica.
BARRURE, Barre.
BARTON'S FRACTURE, see Fracture of the
Radius, Barton's.
BARYCOCCALON, Datura Btramoninm.
BARYCOITA, Baryecola.
BARYECOI'A, Baryeoi'ta, BradweeoCa, Pa-
racn'tia ohtu'ta, DitecoVa, l>y«ecera, AudVtut
dijffic"\li9, Ohaudi'tio, OhaudVtutf A. ffravit, A.
imminu'tutf Hjfpocopko' 9%», Hypoekifro'»%9, (F.)
Dureti d' Oreille f from fiapvi, 'heavy,' and amr,
'hearing.' Hardness of hearing, incomplete
deafness. See Cophosis, and Deafness.
BARYGLOSSIA, Balbuties, Baryphonia.
BARYI HYDRAS lODATI, Baryta, hydrio-
daie of.
BARYLALIA, Baryphonia.
BARYOD'YNE, from fia^i, 'heavy,' and oinvn,
'pain.' A dull, heavy pain.
BARYPHO'NIA, Baryglot^tia, Baryla'lia,
Loque'la impedi'ta, from ^afw^, ' heavy,' and ^wi,
* voice.' Difficulty of voice or speech.
BARYPICRON, Artemisia abrotanum.
BAR\SOMATIA, Polysarcia adiposa.
BARYSOMATICA, Polysarci* adiposa.
BARY'TA, from $apvu * heavy,' Terra ponde-
ro'ta, Bary'tM, Prutox'id^ of Ba'rium, Heavy
Earthf Ponderoue Earth, (F.) Baryte, Barite,
Ttrre petante. This earUi and its soluble salts
ftre all highly oonosive pois«»as. It is never em-
ployed in medieino in the pure ttato. Wbca
temally applied, it b oaiutic, like potasaa
soda.
Bart'ta, Carboitati op, Barytm Oar'homm&,
(F.) Carbonate de Baryte, b only used offictBallljr
to obtain the muriate
Baryta, Htdri'odats or, Barytm ffydriodmt^
Baryta Hydriod'iea, Uydra§ Baryi loda'ti, fla
the dry state, — Iodide of Barimm, Barii hwi'
duwtf B, loda'tum,) has been given in scrofalovi
and similar morbid eonditions. It may be admi-
nistered internally in the dos« of one eighth of A
grain three or four times a day, and be appHsi
externally to soroftilous swellings, in the turn tt
ointment, (gr. iv to ^ of lard.)
Baryta Hydriodica, Baryta, hydriodato oC
Baryta, Mu'riatr or ^YDROCRLORAn or,
Bary'tm mu'riae, OhU/ride of Ba'riutmy BaffU
Oklo'ridMm (Ph. U. S.), CUo^rtu^ of Ba'rimm,
Terra pondero'ea eaU'ta sen laifnVio, Sal wwl-
afieum barot*icmm, Baro^tee mli'tme, (F.) CklO'
rure de barium, is the eombination chiefly use4
The Muriate of Baryt* may be formed as follows:
Baryt. Carbon, in frustulis, lb}, Aeid, MwrimL
f §xg, AqaeB, Oi^. Mix the add with the water,
and gradually add the Carbonate of Baryta. Tik
ward the olose of the eflervescenee, apply a g e att s
heat, and, when the action has ceased, filter lihi
liquor, and boil it down so thai crystals may Ibtm
as it cools. Ph. U. S.
It is given in the form of the SoU^tio Mmrim'tU
Barytm, Liquor Barii Ohlo'ridi, Ph. U. S., Afmm
barytm muria'tie, (F.) Solution do Mwriato da
Baryte, (Muriate of Baryta, one part; diaiilUi
water, three parts,) and b employed in serofoloai
cases, worms, and cutaneous dUeases. KxteB
nally, to fungous uken and to specks o& tlM
cornea.
Barttjb Carbonah, Baryta (Carbonate^-— >hb
Hydriodas, Baryta, hydrio'date of — b. Muxui%
Baryta, muriate of.
BARYTE, BaryU~(. CarbonaU de, Baiyt^
carbonate of.
BARYTHMIA, Melancholy.
BARYTIUM, Barium.
BARYUM, see Barium.
B AS-FOND, see Urinary Bladder.
BAS'LASSE, Stocking, laced.
BAS VENTRE, AXAomen.
BASAAL. The name of an Indian tree, tk«
decoction of whose leaves, in water, with ginger,
b used as a gargle in diseases of the fauoes. Tkm
kernels of the fruit are vermifuge
BASANASTR A'G ALA, from fiooavi, <tort«<
and aer^yaXei, ' the astragalus.' Pain in the aaUe
joint; gout in the foot.
BASANIS'MOS, from ^oavi^M, 'toexplm.
'A touch-stone.' InvesUgation or examination'
— Hippocrates, Galen.
BASE, Baeie, from /Saivw, ' I proceed,' < I net/
'I support myself.' That which serves as a foua-
dation or support. That which enters, as a prin-
cipal matter, into a mixture or combination. In
anatomy, it b employed in the former senses as
Baee of the Cranium, Baee of the Brain — J^osss
sen Parin^n'Hun eere'bri/ BoMe of a proe ee e, 4t«,t
B<ue of the heart — Baeie vel coro'im eordie. In
the art of prescribing, Baeie is the chief substanoi
which enters into a compound formula.
BASEMENT MEMBRANE, see MembrvM^
basements
BA8IATI0, Coition.
BASIATOR, Orbicularis oris.
BASIL, BUSH, Ocymum earyophyllatnm— V.
Citron, Ocymum basilicum — b. Common, Oef*
mum basilicum — b. Small, Ocymum caryop hyIh >»
torn— b. Wild, Chenopodium vulgare — bb WBi^
^AgTT.AP
m
BATH
Omila
— bb Wild, PyenanlheDniBi ia-
BASILAB, 166 Basilar Aspect
BAS'ILAR, Basila'H*, Bat'ilary, (F.) Ba^i-
istrr. Thai vhieh belungs to the base, firom
fi^^ff ' Vase.' This name ^8 been given tfO seve-
ral parts, vhieh seem to serre as basis to others.
The sacrum and sphenoid haye been henee so
•ailed.
Basilab Abtebt, a. hanla'ris, X eervica'li;
(T.) Art^rs on Trane ha»ilair«f A. wusoeiphalique
iCh.) The union of the two rertebral artenes.
i aseends along the middle groove on the infe-
ffior snrfiMse of the taber, and is supported, be-
neath by the Fotta boBilaru. It terminates in
the posterior eerebral arteries.
Baselab Abpbct, An aspect towards the base
•f the hcad.^ — ^Barolay. Biuilad is used adverbi-
ally by the same writer to signify 'towards the
hasQar aspeeL'
Basilab Foua, (F.) ChuUi^ ou Fo49e froM-
latjpr, is the upper surface of the basilary process,
—so called be^uise it is channeled like a Fo99a
or Gmtter, The Tuber annulart rests upon it
Basilab Pbocbss, Proee$'nu batiia'rit omm
meeip*itiSf P. eumei/itr'tniM oatu oecip'itts, (F.)
AjMopky9€ Banlairtf Prolongement §omt-oeetpitalj
(M^mei/orm Procets, is the bony projection, formed
by the inferior angle of the os occipitis, which is
articulated with the sphenoid.
Basilab Sinus, Sinus transversus.
Bajilab Subfacx, (F.) Sur/aee ba§ila%re, is
the inferior surface of the process. It is covered
^ the mucous membrane of the pharynx.
Basilab Vbbtbbba. The last vertebra of the
BASIL'IC, BanTieua, from fimriXiKotf 'royal.'
This name was given, by the ancients, to parts
whi«*k th*y cap#»»iVa«1 to plfty an importent part
in the animal economy.
Basilic Vein, Vena banViea, V. cu'biti inte'-
riar, (F.) Feiac Banlique, Veine eubitale cuta-
mit of Chaos^er. This vein is one of those on
which the operation of blood-letting is performed.
It is sitaate at the internal part of the fold of the
tibow, in front of the humeral artery, and is
formed 1^ the anterior and potterior cubital
eeiM, and by tiie wudiam baeilie. It terminates,
ia the arm-pit, in the azUlary vein. The an-
cients thought, that the basilic of the right arm
had some connexion with the liver, and hence
they called it hepatic. The vein of the left arm,
lor a similar reason, they called •plenie. The
Median Baailie Fein, (F.) Fe«iie wUdiane basi-
Uqme, is one of the branches of the preceding
Teiii. It joins Uie median cephalic at an acute
aagle, or rather by a transverse branch, and re-
eaves some branches of the deep radial and cu-
bital veins, and a considerable subcutaneous vein
-~Che common medietn.
BASILIC COMMUX, Ocymam basiUonm— (.
Smmpoge, grand, Chcnopodium vulgare.
BASIL'ICOX, BatU'icum, 'Royal,' or of
gieat virtue. An ointment, composed of yellow
wax, black pitch, and resin, of each one part,
elive oil, four parts. Hence it was called Un-
amn'tum Tctrapkar'maeumf {rafa^ap^oKa, 'four
drugs.') — Celsus. Scribonios Largus.
Basilicon, BaeilicMm, of the Parisian Codex,
is the Onguent de Poix el de Cire. In most Phar-
■aeopceias, it is represented by the UnffuenUum
•r Cera' turn Beei'ne^ It is used as a stimulating
ointment Bee Ceratum Besinse, and Unguen-
tui ResinsB NigrsB.
' BASILICUl^ BasilicoB, Ocymnm Basilicum
*-b. Citratnm, Ooyawm basilicum — b. Msjus,
Ociymam basilicum.
BABIU8CU8, Syphilia.
BASIO-CEEATO-CHONDRO-OLOSfiUS,
Hyoglossus.
BASIO-CER'ATO-GLOSSUS, from fiaeis,
'base,' Kcpas, 'comu,' and yAuKraa, < tongue.' A
name given to a part of the hyoglossus, which is
inserted into the comu of the os hyoides and base
of the tongue.
BASIOCES'TRUM, from fiaeis, 'the base,'
and mioTooy * a dart' An instrument for opening
the heaa of the foetus in utero, invented by Mes-
ler, a German.
"BA'SIO-GLOS'SUS, ITvpteloglot'tut, ffifoba-
eiogloeeue, Yp$clogloe' eut, iTom Paaig, 'base,' and
yXw99a, 'the tongue.' A name formerly given to
the portion of the hyoglossus which is inserted
into the base of the os hyoides. — Riolan, Thomas
Bartholine. See Lingual Muscle.
BASIO PUARYNG^'US, from 0aeis, 'base,'
and ^apvy^f 'the pharynx.' A name given to
some fibres of the constrictor pharyngis medius.
— Winslow.
BASIS, see Prescription — ^b. Cerebri, Base of
the Brain — ^b. Cordis, Radix cordis — b. Corporis,
Sole.
BASSI-COL'ICA. Name of a medicine com-
posed of aromatics and honey. — Scribonins
Largus.
BASSIA BUTYRACEA, see Spirit, (^Arrack.)
BASSIN, Pelvis — b, OeulairCf Scaphium ocu-
lare.
BASSIXER, to foment
BASSINET, Pelvis of the kidney, Ranunculus
bulboBus.
BAS'SORA, GUM. A gum, obtained from a
plant unknown, which came originally from the
neighbourhood of Bassora, on the Gulf of Per-
sia, whence its name. It is in irregularly shaped
pieces, white or yellow, and intermediate in its
tTnnfinnrenov hfttween «nim Araliio snd p^tti* tnv-
gacanui. uuiy a small puriion u suluuie iu
water. The insoluble portion is a peculiar prin-
ciple, called Bateorin. It is not used in medi-
cine ; but bassorin enters into the composition of
several substances.
BASSORIN, see Bassora gum.
BASSWOOD, Tilia.
BATA, Musa Paradisiaca.
BATABAS, Solanum tuberosum.
BATA'TAS. The inhabitants of Peru gave
this appellation to several tuberous roots, espe-
cially to Convolvulue Batataa or Sweet Potato,
Our word, Potato, comes from this.
BATEMAN'S PECTORAL DROPS, see Pec
toral Drops, Batemon's.
BATERION, Bathron.
BATES'S AXODYNE BALSAM, Linimentnm
saponis et opiu
BATH, Anglo-Saxon, bat5, BaVneum, Bala-
ae'trm, Baline'um, Loutronf (F.) Bain, Immer-
sion, or stay, for a longer or shorter duration, of
the whole or a part of the body, in some medium,
as water. Act of plunging into a liquid, Fand,
or other substance, in which it is the custom to
bathe. Plunge Bath. Also, the vessel in which
the water is put for bathing. Also, a public or
private establishment for bathing.
In Pharmacy t a vessel, placed over a fire, and
filled with any substance, into which another
vessel is placed, containing matters for digestion,
evaporation, or distillation.
Bath, Acid, Bal'neum ac"idvm (Acid. muriaL
Ibij ; Aquoif cong. Ixvi. One half, one third, or
one fourth the quantity of acid id more frequenUt
employed.)
Bath, Acid, Scott's, see Scott's Acid Bath.
Bath, Air, Hot, jce Bath, hot — ^b. Air, warxK,
see Bath, hot
Batit, AL'gALZXS, j^arneum flUbairiium. Tttl
BATH
128
BATI68E
may l>e made of half a pound or a ponnd of pearl-
a*h or of carbonate of aoda, to sixty-six gallons
of water.
Ba.th, An'ixal, Balneum Anima'lf, consists in
wrapping; an animal recently killed, or its skin,
around the body, or some part of it.
Bath, Antipsor'ic, Bal'neum anttpto'rieum.
Recommended in cases of itch and other cuta-
neous di.-eafies. {Potast. tulpkuret, Jir, Aqtia
cong. Ix.)
Bath, Axtistphilit'ic, BaVneMm antityphiW-
icHin, Sfercn'rial bath. Made by dlRSolving from
two (Irnehms to an ounce of the corrosive chloride
of mercury in sixty gallons of water.
Bath, Arm, Braehilu'vium. A bath for the arm.
Bath, Cold, see Bath, hot — ^b. Cool, see Bath,
hot.
Bath, Dry, is one made of ashes, salt, sand,
Ac, The ancienbi used these frequently for the-
rapeutical purposes.
Bath, Earth, Arcnatio.
Bath, Elrc'tric, (F.) Bain ilectriquef consists
in placing the person upon an insulated stool,
communicating, by a metallic wire, with the
principal cimdiictur of the electrical machine in
action. The Electric Bath produces general ex-
citement of all the functions, and especially of
the circuhition and secretions.
Bath, F<»ot, Pedilu'vium, (F.) Batn de Pied,
a bath for the feet.
Bath, Gklat'inous, Bal'neum gelatino'eum.
Made by dissolving two pounds of gelatin in a
gallon of irate r,
Bath, Oenrral, (F.) Bain Entier, is one in
which the whole body is plunged, except the
head; in contradistinction to \ht partial bath,
Jlerohulniif'utn, MerobnVneum,
Bath, Half, Semicu'pium, Excathie'ma^ In-
cea'iio, Iiict:'ti'«n«, is one adapted for half the body.
One, for receiving only the hips or extremities, is
also so colled.
The Si'tz-bnth, (G.) Sitsbad, of the hydropa-
ih'istA i? a tub of cold water, in which the patient
sltd for a variable period.
Bath, Hand, Iluutthi'vium, {¥.) Bain de Main
on Manuluve, is a bath for the hands.
Bath, Head, Oa/>i7i7N'riitm, (F.) Bain de Tfte
on (Mpitilnve, a bath for the head.
Bath, II ip, Coxitlu'vinm, (F.) Bain de Fan-
tenilf Batn de Sifge^ is one in which the lower
part of the trunk and upper part of the thighs
are immersed.
Bath, Hot, Balneum Cal'idum, Zestolu'tia,
(F.) Bain chmidf is a bath, the temperature of
which is DS*^ and upwards; the Warm Bath
from 92° to 98°; the Tepid Bath, (F.) Bnin
Tiide, Balneum tep'idum, from 85° to 92°; the
Temprrate Bath, (F.) Bain temp4rf^ from 75°
to 85°: the Cool Bath, (F.) Bain /rata, from
00° to 75° ; the Cold Bath, Bahietim frij'idnm,
Prigida'rinin, (F.) Bain /raid, Bain tri-t froid,
iof some.) from .30° to 60°; and the Vapour
)ath, liulueum vapo'riMf (F.) Bnin de Vapeur,
JEtuvK Htiinide, from 100° to 130°, and upwards.
Bee Vaporarium. A Warm Air Bath, or Hot
Air Bath, consists of air the temperature of
which is raised.
Bath, Mkp'icated, Balneum Ifediea'tum, (F.)
Batn miUlicinalf is a bath, formed of decoctions
or infusions of vegetable Substances, or of any in-
gredient, introduced into the water for therapeu-
tical purposes.
Bath, Mercurial, Bath, antisyphilitic — b.
Kitro -muriatic acid, Scott's acid bath.
Bath, Plunge, see Bath.
Bath, Sand, Balneum Are'na, (P.) Batn de
SabUf consists of a vesse' filled with sand, and
pKfCffd over thv fin. Into this ressel, the one is
pat which eontalni the snbftaBoe to be
rated. See Psammismui.
Bath, Sea Water, Balneum Mar'itt, (F.)
Bain Marie, consists of a vessel filled with boil-
ing sea water, or salt water, in which the
is placed, that contains the substance to be
porated. Pain Marie is, however, at the preseol
day often employed for any form of water bath.
Bath, Shower, Implu'rium, is one in wbidk
the water is made to fall like a shower on tho
body. See Douche.
Bath, Sitz, see Bath, half.
Bath, Steam, may be formed by introdaefas
steam into a properly closed vessel in placo ci
water, as in the water baUi.
Bath, Succes'siox, Transition hatK A teim
applied to the rapid succession or transition from
a cold to a warm or hot bath, or eon versely. — BelL
Bath, Sulphur, BaVneum Sulph'urit, A bath
much used in psora, and other chronio cntaoeoiii
affections. It may be composed of two onnecff
of diluted sulphurio acid, and eif^ht ouncei of
sulphuret of potassium added to each bath.
Bath, Tax. An astringent bath, prepared, al
times, by boiling two or three handfuls of gnmad
oak-bark, — such as is used by tanners — in two
or three quarts of water, for half an hoar, and
then adding the decoction to the water of tha
bath.
Bath, Temperatk, see Bath, hot — b. TepU^
see Bath, hot
Bath, Transition, Bath, succession.
Bath, Vapour, see Bath, hot, and Yaponi-
rinm — b. Warm, see Bath, hot
Bathing is much employed in the treatment <rf
disease. The cold bath, especiaUy the cold Ma
bath, is a sedative and indirect tonic : the want
bath a relaxant ; and the hot bath a stimnlanti
The regular use of the bath is extremely coa-
ducive to health ; but if too mnch indulged in. It
is apt to produce injurious effects.
BATH, MINERAL WATERS OF, Aqm
Batho'nies vel Bad'izee, Aqua Soli; Aqua Bad^^
igua. Celebrated thermal springs at Bath, !a
England. They contain but little impregnatioBp
and are chiefly indebted to their teinperatan^
from 112° to 117° Fahrenheit, for their utUHj.
The main ingredients are sulphate of lime, chlo-
ride of sodium, sulphate of soda, carbonate of
lime, protoxide of iron> fVee carbonic acid aad
azote.
These waters are employed in the most heta-
rogeneous cases ; and are serviceable where tho
simple thermal springs are indicated, as in rheu-
matism, paralysis, Ac.
BA'TIIER, same etymon ; Balnea'riue, BaK-^
nea'tor, Balnen'tor, (F.) Baigneur, Ono wbo
bathes. Anciently, the name was given to thota
that administered baths to the diseased, — tho
£tuv\$te9 of the French. At the present day, in
remote districts in Germany, the country peopte
call their medical practitioners Bader, or 'bath-
men,' and Feldscheeren, or 'army barbers.'
BATHMIS, Bathmu; 'base, support' Tho
cavity of a bone, which receives the eminence of
another ; and especially the two Foteettee at tho
inferior extremity of the humerus into which tho
processes of the ulna are received, during tfao
flexion and extension of the fore-arm.
BATIIRON, Bathrum HippoeWatin, Seawmum
Hippoc'ratisy Bate'rion, ' a step, a ladder.' (F.)
Bane d'Nippocrate, An instrument, used for tho
extension of a limb, in cases of fracture or loxi^
tion. The description of it is found in Qaleaiy
Oribasius, and Scultetus, with a figure.
BATHRUM HIPPOCRATIS, Bathron.
BATIA, Retort,
BATIS8E, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bb-
BATOS
tlMe is three lea^ei from Clennont» in France.
The water is tepid, and contains snboarbonate
and sulphate of soda, sulphates of lime and iron,
nuriate of magnesia, and carbonate of lime.
BATOS, Rubus Idseus.
BATRACHUS, Ranula.
BATTALISM'US, BattarU'mut, from $mm-
Cbv. ' to stammer.' Balbuties. Stammering with
ae^wei^ to pronounce the R.
BATT'ALUS, Baftanu, same etymon. A
llammerer, a stutterer.
BATTARISMUS, Battalismus.
BATTAKUS, Battalus.
BATTATA VIRGINIANA, Solanmn tubero-
BATTEMEN3 DOUBLES, see Bruit du
Octwr f'ftah
BATTEMEKZ Pulsation.
BAUDRICOURT, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Baadrieoort is a town of France, two leagues
and a half from Mirecourt The waters are sul-
phnreoos.
BAVDBUCHES, Condom.
BAUHIX, VALVE OF, VaJvt of Tfl'pius.
F. »/ FALLO'pirs, V, of VaRO'LIUS, Il'eo-ccecal
F«l«, TZt-o-co/ic Valve, VaPvula lUiy Val'vula
Colt, V. Oixri, Oper'euluni Be(, Sphincter Ilei.
This name is given to the valve situate trans-
Tsnelr at the place where the ileum opens into
tte ooeeum, and which Banhin says he di9Covered
•t Paris, in 1759. It had, however, been pre-
Tionsly described by several anatomists; as by
Vidns Vidius, Postius, Ac.
BAUME, Bal8am---6. tTAcier, Balsam, chaly-
beate — b. Aromatique, Balsam, aromatic — b. cPAi-
fmUet, Balaam, chalybeate — b, Apopleetique, Bal-
nm, apoplectic— 6. d'ArctRue, Arcwus, balsam of;
ate, also. Balsam of Arcseus — 6. d^Arcfutj Un-
rentnm elemi compositum--6. Benjoin, Benjamin
Blane, see Amyris Opobalsamum — b. du Breeil,
Copaiba — 6. de Canada j see Finns balsam ea — 6.
ds Canmelle, Lauras cinnamomum — 6. de Carpa-
tkie. Balsam of Carpathia — b. de Carthagine, see
lUiiifera balsamnm — b. de Conetantinopfe blane,
■ee Amyris opobalsamum — b, de Copahu, Copaiba
— k Cordiale de Sennerte, Balsam, cordial, of
StDnertos — b. d'Eau d feuUlet rtdiet, Mentha
crispa — 6. de FeuiUet, Bidsam, green, of Meti —
k de Fioraventi epirihteute, Busam, spirituous,
•f Fioraventi — 6, de Fonreroy ou de Labordty
Balwm of Fourcroy or Laborde — b. de Qalaad,
Amyria opobalsamum — 6. de OenevUve, Bal-
of Genevieve — b. Grand, Tanacetum bal-
— b. dn Orand Caire, see Amyris opobal-
samum — fr. Hftpnotique, Balsam, Hypnotic — b.
BmHrifue, BaijBam, hysteric — 2». dee Jardxnt,
Mentha viridis — 6. de Lueatel, Balsam, Luca-
teHi's — 6. ATerrin, Balsam, nervous — b. de Peron,
iM Kyroxyion Pcruiferum — b, du Samaritain,
Bdsam of the Samaritan — b. Saxon^ Balsam,
Bason — h, de Soufre, Balsam of sulfhr — b.
4$ Sjfmpathie, Balsam of sympathy — b. Tran-
jmUe, Balsam, tranquil — b. de Tolu, see Tolui-
lerm balsamnm — b. de VaniUe, Vanilla^6. Vert,
■ae Fagstra octandra — b. Vert de Metz, Balsam,
green, of Metz — b, de Vie d* Hoffmann, Balsam
of life, of Hoffmann — b. de Vie tie Leliivre, Tinc-
tara aloes eomponita — b. Frat, see Amyris opo-
balsamum — b. Vulneraire de Minderer, Balsam,
Tolnerary, of MIndererus.
BACRAC, {Arab.) Nitre, or salt in general.
Ama this word comes Borax.
BAURIN, MINERAL WATERS OF. Baurin
ii a Tillage four leagues from Roye, department
«f Somme. The waters are strongly chalybeate.
BAVE, (F.) Sali'va ex ore fluent, Spuma, Hu-
wmr Salifvue. Frothy, thick, viscid saliva, issu-
ing frmn the month. This drivelling or elaver-
9
BBBBXRU
ing, we see in children, old people, Ao. The tera
is, also, applied to the frothy liquid, which flows
from the mouth of rabid animals. Sauvages nsM
it synonymously with salivation.
BAY, CASTOR, Magnolia gUuca — b. Rose,
Rhododendron chrysanthemum — b. Rose, Ame-
rioan. Rhododendron maximum — b. Sweet, Lau-
ras — b. White, Magnolia glauoa and M. maoro-
phylla.
BDALSIS, Sucking.
BDELLA, Hirado.
BDEL'LIUM. Myrrha imperfec^ia, Bolckon,
Madeleon, BcUchue. A gum-rcsin, brought from
the Levant and India, and supposed to bo ob-
tained from a species of Amyrie, little known.
It is solid, brittle, of a deep brown colour, of an
acrid and bitter taste, and sweet odour. It was
much vaunted by the ancients, but is now little
employed. Two different gum-rosins have been
in the shops distinguished by the names Indian
and African bdellium. Dr. Royle was informed
that the former was obtained from Am*ifri» Com^
miph'ora, growing in India and Madagascar.
The latter is said to be from Heudelo'tia Afri*
ca*nat which grows in Senegal.
BDELLOM'ETER, from (iitXXa, 'a leech,' and
fttrpov, 'measure' An instrument, proposed as
a substitute for the leech ; inasmuch as we can
tell the quantity of blood obtained by it, whilst
we cannot by the leech. It consists of a cupping^
glass, to which a scarificator and exhausting
syringe are attached.
BDELLUS, Fart,
BDELYGMIA, Fart.
BDELYGMUS, Fart
BDESMA, Flatulence.
BDOLUS. Fart
BEAD TREE. Melia Aiedarach.
BEAN, CARTHAGENA, Habilla de Cartha-
fena — b. Egyptian, Nymphsea nelumbo — b,
'rench, Phaseolus vulgaris — b. Garden, com-
mon, Vicia faba — b. Indian, Catalpa — b. Kidney,
Phaseolus vulgaris — b. Malacca, Avicennia to-
raentosa — b. Pontic, NymphsBa nelumbo — b.
Red, Abras precatorins — b. Sacred, Nelnmbinm
luteum — b. St Ignatius's, Ignatia amara — b.
Trefoil tree, see Cytisine.
BEAN TREE, WHITE, Cratsegns aria.
BEARBERRY, Arbutus uva ursi.
BEARD, Barba, Pogon, Oenei'on, Barhi'tium,
(F.) Barbe, The hair which covers a part of the
checks, the lips, and chin of the male sex, at the
age of puberty.
BEAR'S BREECH, Acanthus mollis— b. Foot»
Helleboras foetidns — b. Fright, Heptallon gra-
reolens — b. Whortleberry, Arbutus uva ursL
BEARWEED, VeraUrum viride.
BEASTINGS, Colostram.
BEATING OF THE HEART, see Heart
BEAUGENCY, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Beaugoncy is a quarter of a league from Orleans.
The waters contain subcarbonate of soda, iron,
magnesia, and lime. They are tonic and ape-
rient
BEAUMONT ROOT. Gillenia trifoliata.
BEAUVAIS, MINERAL WATERS OF.
These waters are chalybeate. BMmvais is in
Picardie, France.
BEAVER, Castor fiber— b. Wood, Magnolia
glauca — b. Tree, Magnolia macrophylla.
BEBEERIA, see Bebeera.
BEBEERINE, see Bebeera.
BEBEERU, Sipeeri. A tree of British Ouw
ana, which yields two alkalies — Bebeerin, Bebeem
ri'na, Bebe^ria, and Sipeerine; and in its pro-
perties resembles the Cinchona. It haij been re-
ferred to Nectan*dra Bodiei. The timber of the
tree is known to ship-boilderB by the naxnt grttm
hEO
130
BBLLBSME
h^arU Tho Sulpkaie of Bthteria has been em-
ployed in intermittents. Warbwr^9 Fevtr Jhopt,
Tinctn'ra anti/ebri'lit Warbur'yi, an empirical
antiperiodic preparation, have by some bevn con-
sidered to bo a Uncture of the seeds of the Be-
beeru, but this is questionable.
JiECt {V') Ii»9trum, Beak. This name has
been applied to various parts.
BEC OORACOiDIEX, (F.) Cor'acoid beak,
is the end uf the coraeoid process.
BEV DE CUILLER, Ham'uluf. An instni-
ment used for the extraction of balls. It consists
of an iron rod, 7 or 8 inches lon;^, having at one
extremity a small eavity, into which the ball is
received to be drawn outwards. See Coohleari-
formis.
BEG DE GRUE MUSQU£, Geranium Bfos-
chatum — h, de Ome Robertin, Geranium Roberti-
anum — 6. de Liivrtf Harelip.
BEC DE LA PLUME 1 £CRIRE, (F.)
Beak of the Calamue Scripto'riwit is a small cavity
at the superior part of the medulla oblongata,
which fonns part of the 4th ventricle.
BEC (Lb,) mineral WATERS OF. Bee
is six leagues from Rouen, in Normandy. The
water is strongly chalybeate.
BECCABUNOA, Veronica Becoabunga.
BECUJBSTIIE'SIS, from fiti^y 'cough/ and
aiaOijcis, 'sensation.' The excitement or desire
to cough.
BECIIIA, Tuasis.
BECUIAS, Tusais.
BE'CIIICS, Be'ehxca, BeeKa, Bee'ehtea, Be'-
eht'ta, from iiti^, 'cough/ (F.) Bickique»» Medi-
cincp ndnpted for allaying cough.
BECHITA. Bechic.
BECnUIM, Tiissilago.
BECIIORTnOPNCSA, Pertassis.
BEOriBA, Ibicuiba.
BED'EGAR, Bedeguar, Bede<ptardj Spon'qxa
Cifnot'bati, Fungtu Rota'rum, F. Cjfnoe'bati, (F.)
Pomme moM9eu»e, Eponge d'eglatUier, An ex-
crescence, which makes its appearance on dif-
ferent species of wild roses, and which is pro-
duced hy the puncture of a small insect, — C^f-
fii/M Rotm. It was formerly employed as a
lithontriptic and vermifuge, but is not now used.
It was sUjchtly astringent.
BEDFORD, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bed-
ford is a \'illago, situate on the great Western
Turnpike road from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, a
few miles east of the chief elevation of the Alle-
ghany mountains. There are various springs,
saline, chalybeate and sulphureous. — The most
celebrated contains carbonic acid, sulphate of
magnesia, chlorides of sodium and caleium, and
carbonate of iron.
BEDSTRAW, Galium vemm — b. Ladies,
E -eater, Galium mollugo, Galium vemm — • b.
ough, Galium asprellum — b. Ladies, rough,
Galium asprellum.
BEE, Sax. beo. Ap\M, A, mellifiea sen dome^tfiea,
JfeiU'ta, Melittn, (F.) Abeille, This insect was
formerly exhibited, when dried and powdered, as
a diuretic.
Bkb in the Boxxet, see Insanity.
BEEBREAD, PropoUs.
^ BEECH, Fagus sylvatica— b. Drop, Orobanche
Virginiana — b. Drops, false, Hypopitys lanugi-
nosa — b. Albany, Pterospora Andit>medea — b.
Mast, see Fagus sylvatica.
BEEF ESSENCE, see Beef tea.
Beep Tca, Jh» btwCnum, An infbston of bee^
much Uoed ia debilitating maladies, and in cm-
vaLecence. It may be made as follows : Take
two pounds and a half of leam beef; cut it in
tinall pieces into three parts of toater [n an earthen
jnpkhk : lot this limmer, but never boil, until the
liquor is consumed to a pint and a half : thfli
strain carefully. It ought to be entirely fret
from fat or grease. — Dr. E. J. Seymour.
E$9ence of beef — as it has been called — ^mnrbe
made by putting a pound of good beef, freed mai
fat, and cut into small pieces, into a porter-bottle,
corking lightly. The bottle must be put Into
boiling water, and kept there until the water \m
been boiling at least half an hour. As the boiUng
goes on, the cork may be inserted a little more
tightly, to retain the contents of the bottle. Tlie
juices of the beef are thus separated, and oonsti-
tute the ' essence,' which may be seasoned to the
taste. It contains much nutriment.
BEEN, Centaurea behen.
BEER, Cerevisia— b. Black, tee Falltranek—
b. Pipsissewa. see Pyrola umbellata.
BEET, Beta.
BiOAIEMENT, Balbuties.
BEGMA, — according to some, Bregma, — froa
fin^ativ or 0fnctrtt¥f * to expectorate after cough-
ing.' Coughing; also, the sputum or expeotorated
matter. — ^11 ippocrates.
BEGO'NIA. The Begonia grandi/o'ra and
B. tomento'ta have astringent roots, which are
used in Peru in cases of hemorrhage, sonrvy, low
feverfl, Ac.
BioUE, Balbus.
BE II EN ABIAD, Centaurea behen — (. Al-
bum, Centaurea behen — b, OflBcinarum, Cnea-
balus behen — 6. Rouge, StaUce limonium — K
Vulgaris, CncubaluB behen.
BEHMEN ACKMAR, StaUce Umonium.
BEIAHALALEN, Sempervivum tectoram.
BEIDELSAR, Asclepias procera.
BEJUIO, Habilla de Carthagena.
BELA-AYE or BE-LAHK A tonio and
astringent bark of a Madagascar tree. Du-petiU
Tbouara and Sonncrat thiiik it m^y be substi-
tuted for the Simarouba.
BELADAMBOC. A species of convolvulus of
the Malabar coast, which contains an acrid milkr
juice. From this a liniment is formed with ofl
and ginger, which is used against the bites of
rabid animnls.
BE-LAHE, Bela-aye.
BELA-MODAGAM. A kind of S!f<rr,Ja of
the Malabar coast, the leaves of which are con-
sidered diuretic and emmenagogue.
BELAXDRE, (F.) A litter, surrounded with
cnrtains, in which patients are sometimes carried
to hospitalfl.
BELCHING, Emctation.
BELEMNOID, Belenoid.
BELEMNOIDES PROCESSUS, Styloid pro-
cesses.
BEL'ENOID, BEI/ONOID, BEL'EMNOID
or BEL'OID, BetenoVdet or Belemnoi'dee Pro~
ce^'gtui, from ffcXotj 'an arrow,' and ttiot, 'shape.'
This name has been given to styloid processee
in general — Proceeeu* bel^enoVdee,
BELESME, see Bellesme.
BELESON, Biilsara. Mussfcnda frondoea.
BELILLA, Musssanda frondosa.
BELINUM. Apium Graveolens.
BELI OCULU.S. Belloenlus.
BELL, CANTERBURY, Campanula tracho.
linm.
BELIADONE. Atropa belladonna.
BELLADON'NA, in the Pharmai^opcela of the
United States, w the oflOtcinal name of the leavet
of Atropa Belladonna.
Belladoxna Baccifera, Atropa belladomuH-k
b. Trichutoma, Atropa belladonna.
BELLE DAME, Atropa belladonna.
BELLEGU. Myrobalanus.
BELLEREGI, Mvrobalanns.
BELLESME, MINERAL WAT1QU3 OF.
kkl1«*aw ii klwat three lea^ti Erein HaDtagnc
BKI.LKT. MINERAL WATERS OP. Tho
wttm ■■ Ballpjf. dE[>arttn(ot of Ain, in FnncB,
BELLIDOISES, Chryunlhcmiuii Incan-
BKLLI^v Btam Cpteltj,') B. pern'"' «•»
Ort i ituart, Cammim Vain. \V.j Pm,
tmtt. fftu Margntriu. The I»tm i
m ntbai ■erid. Tbcj oere, *C oa«
l*u
nu> QoBTCssu, Bellii — b. Major, Chrjuo-
IWB l*afsDth*inam — b. Minor, BsUii — b.
BfUil — b. Prfttaiuia, ChrfunthiinBin
I METAL, Cl'eotot, (7.) Airain, ilHal
<f«« tlvtir*. Aq klloj of copper, iJDC> Lin, and ft
emU <iDuillL7 vt ■ntimon;, aiti for Dmlilng
bttU. Th* mortsn of the ipotbemrj ve adcri
fansed »f Ma nuteriil. Tha; raiiniri- to b« k«pt
dnm. M •TDM the fonnMion of reriligris.
BELLOCULUS, Brti W^m. A kind of gem,
■hKh th» AvjHuiB eoniidered efficuHona En the
cure id mtnj diHuu. They imft^ncd thtt the
figw vi an ej« ooold b« BCfln in It, Ukd hflnM Iti
BKLLOS. Colic, metallie.
BSLL0TAS, ■« «» major.
BKLLOW3' GOU:TD,£n.ifiJe>«^f(— h.l.Ea-
Mphilic, M«e Bnil dt Kuffiel.
BiLLD*^ 6oiT<ib, Fmnc, a (!ng1a munoOT of
Ac Mioix kind. aj^diranDaa wiDi (bs Drat
•asBil of the bMit; beari bj lome obtorven,
•ad MftmH b7 thma to ditniniihcd calibre of the
IBDkilical attMiea, aithar b; preuuie or itioUliiDg
«f Ik* h^a. or bolb.
BlU-OVa' &ICX1I, Pl-ACEXTtL, Bruil Jllacen-
BHLLT, r. , - „ ,.
bag nr pooeb.' At tba pnteDt da;, the abdom<
twnnij, all the iplanrtmia faiilieB wore oalled
_trllit'/ — the loiKr IfUf, ecMer In'fimm, being
' tte •Memm ; the miildlt hrltf, rtnltr m'Jiti.
tbeUiarKi; and tht Hfprr htlh, onirr tupri'mvt,
ttr hiad. Alia, the wumb. See Venter.
BBLLT-ACQ, CoUea — b. Drj, CdUo, na-
WHe— b. Root, Aogaliea tnrida.
BKLLY-BAND. Btlt, RDuiaa.
BBLLT, POT. Pbjieonia,
BKLHCecHCS, HlblKwi abelnoaBbab
BELKILBa, MTTobalaniu.
BBLOID, Belanoid.
BILOIDBS PROCBSSDB, Btfloid nrOMMat.
ULOHB,Saadle.
BBLOROltBS. Stjleid.
BBLOMOID, Bdenoid.
Bll/e in, BdkNnlo*.
BBLT, B;r8SIA!F, fntra'D,— Tnlgmrlr, Billy-
!■■< — Md ominitl lappnrrrr, A broad bandage
applied to Ibe abdoman, M a« U> support, and
■ak* methodlsl pnHtnn npan it. DllTennt
a dart,* and ■.:
fkna< hi
ol (iDpnTler^ it.
BKLULTCM. from &iXt.
U.' AnbHtonneDi
Tova. Haoy innnnienta of tb
_ aatloed bj lUf^eonA.— Ambroa
\ ffkkrteto* afc AqUFendealL
' BKLCOK, B««iamiii.
tKLZOlM. B«jaiBin.
BBLSOtKDM, Benjaiain.
BSK. OaOaodina moringBc-b. of Judsi
liwin li fCot, Onilandina laortoga-
BBXATB, PualnU.
SENEDICTA SriFSSTSlSi Oeaa li
BENZOIK
BENEDICTCM LAXATITUM, Confef
bIs^FWE DE la nature, BaneCelt
laturai-i, d. F.am, Me BeneDelam natur*.
BESEFIC'ICM NATU'Ba, (F.) Afn<^«
I
This
dlgeasea hate got
^Dt Wiib tbwn,
Btt'ffii-.i Jt iiolure, or B. lit mttrr, ia aTonnrmnas
a1» wiib AlviPnfiu'tium,~% ipoDtanuiaa diar-
rboea. onea acUog f*Toutahlj either in the pra-
BENBL, Croton racamtiaDD.
BENEOLENS, from i^n., -wetl,* and oUrt, <tO
ainpl!.' Euo'dti. Suavicttiu. A awoat-aeentdd
meilrrtne, aa guma, Ae.
BKNO, Bangue. ■
BE\GALE INDORPM, Caiuranmniar.
BKXGAL BOOT, CaaaniDuaiar.
BENOI, HTOicjamua.
BKXlaN', B.„ig'nut, E»rtV,.. (F.) Btmn,
B(ni!/Me. Diacaiea o* ■" " '
B^mS, BmiffD.
B8X'JAHIN,£M'ao<H,£«wi'{*
I'fHiia. .diaa oifara'M^
, Aa«i liitlfi*, Bm'JaOK, Bmm'-
;»un, B,U^ Btbpim. £«>-»l. AyVw-a Amm*-
Binjiii, BinfuiH, Ala rfolnii, J
tol. Bm B/Juda'a, Aror hntt/inm, Hal At"idum
aeu tw»t>'a'b aea rolafiU Bmeti, If.) Bttijmn,
B'lumt B^jain, Aita deux. A radnoua, dry,
brittle mbataoae, ohulned ttom ."H^nu! Bnutin,
Arbor BeHiti, Launii Anioi'ii, of Sumatra. The
odoar la eitremelr (Vaeraiit, and tuta allebUj
arotnatla. It {> prineipall; aaed Tor tbe prepar*.
amplojed in e<
eipeelorant. I
Benjamin la In
(FO «"./»■■
mlnenuy ttncti
id«n, B*^
rom it bv rablimation. The pnrait
n ami/gdatiiid moHa : hence called
umgydtMliAdtt
r. FloitrM or. Btn'toie Add, At"-
ienBi, FInrtt BftHOh, Flertt Btuta'.
ttii, Jie;au,fi Br„v,'!rH«> ptr .alUmalio-nim, (P.)
ArCda Bttatiqiu-. Thia wld exiata in all tbe
balumi, but chisSf in Benioln, from wbieh it tt
obtained b; subUraallon. It ia In vanilla, cacell^
the nrina oflnhati, and of hfrbivoroui animal*.
Ila odonr la aroraatio and fragrant; taaTe hot,
sligbllr aoiduloiu, and agroeablo. The orfMala
eoOBist of wbite. aatln; Bahea, >IlEbtl7 ducUle.
It i« prababi; atSisuluit; and hai haan oaod, a*
iDch, in i;broiiic cstanb; but it baa little eOoaej.
BENJAOY, Benjamin.
BEKJOINDM. BcTOamin.
BEKJl!I. Baqjamia.
BEM MOENJA. A Malabar tree. Ad aleii-
intij, ■
of ila n
,,...._.. , iliedinai
t rarer. Ita bark, boikd *ii
lOfpoii
a decoctic
'a of ma-
DENNE. Bi-aarnqm orieatata.
BENNBT. HERB, Oeuni urbannm. and Q.
Virgiiiiangra.
BESOlTE. Oeom orbanHm — *. Aq«niiq<u,
Gaum riTBle — b. df B^uteaui^ Geum riviUe —
b. rft r.V.|'*'""'. Oan" VifglnianniB
BBNZIN, aaeAnioHhatic.
BEN'ZOATB of AMMOSIA, Ammonin bao-
BEMZOH, Benjunin.
BENZOENIL, Vanilla.
BESZQIS, Benjamin— b. Odoribrom. IjOOW
Beateia.
BIKBESIHB
BERBEKIS, Oiycuthi
■1, im OxyMDUia UalenL
BERVB. Henclenm (poDdjIlum.
BERENDAROS, Osjmam bauliaun.
BERENICE, SdccIdhiiu
BERENICIUM. Pot»UB dIIiu.
BEKEMISECUM, ArUmiiia Talgarii.
BEKGAMOTB, Btrgamaeta, (F.^ BtTgamatU
A imtll onDg«, of k rary ■grsiblt tiute; u)
paculiM- odour. From iU biuk ui oil, (Mam
^eiV"'"". (Pb. U.S.) ii obUintd, wbioh if mnc'
employed u ■pnfUme, .- ■ ..
BER'IBERI, Bmht'ria, SyH-donm Biribr'-
ria, l<,a.,t<in'd>miu, ParaPgsU Btr'ibtri, ttom
beri in the Singhileie liuit;usge, nbicb tigniflei
' w«ikknou j' tberffoTfl, Lmberi. ' grf «t WMknesi.'
Tbii irord is klio uld to h» HindiuUiuiH, ud
to meu a ilittp. ~ Bonliu. Beriberi Ii u In- 1
diui di(«ue, hUle known in Europs. Il con-
■latB in debilitj tad tremon oT tha limbt, — »ni«-
Umta, indeed, of tbe nhole bodj; with puiaful
sambneii of tbe iffccted parti, tc : — the pulent
making doubled J and imlUtlnB tbe moiemanta
of aheep ! Some aLOthon bave eitMmed it rb«D'
matio ; otben, pualjllc ; otbera, to ba a kind of
oboraa. It ia, alnuwt nlwaj'e, Incnrabtaj ia
twnlj fatal; and ia treated bj flierciae, atimn-
lant friction, andarillea, As. It ia aometimoi
odted Bar'bitr; but thU wanid aeem t« ba a
dilTerent diaaaaa.
BERtCOCCE, Pranoe amentan.
BERLE NODIFLOBE, Sinm.
BERLUB, Matamorpbopeia.
BERMU'DAS, CLIMATE OF. Pnlmouarj
Invalida an oeeaaionallj aent to Bermnda, bat
the prindpal objeetlou to > winter reaideaee
there, ia the preTalausa of stmng winda ; eape-
dallj of tba izj, sbaip, and cold north-weat
winds, daring the Hiater and apriag. StiU, it
klurda a good winter retreat for the pbthiiical,
from any part of the United Statea, proTided dne
oara be aelected in ehooalng a suitable locally.
The neighboDrbood of Uamiltoa hai bsen itronglj
recommended with Ihla view.
BERNARD TUE HERMIT, Caneellna.
BERRIES, INDIAN, aee Meniapannum ooe-
mluB— b. TurkBj, yellow, eee Piper eobeba.
BERS. A aort of electnaxj, oorapoaed of pep-
per, Aced of the white hjoacyamni, opinm, onphor-
Dlma, aaffron, Ac The Egyptiana naed it aa an
•loitant-^Pronpero AlpinL
BERIT, MIXERAL WATERS OP. Bem it
Id Champagne, Franea. Tha watari an ilightl;
obatjbcate.
BERtTLA, Sinm nodUlDrnni— h. ADguUfolia,
Siam Dodiaomm.
BtlSASA, Rata.
BBSICLES, Speetaolea.
BESOHf, VluA—b. dt Rapinr, aea Want—
\.dtla Vii, Keceiairj of life.
BES&AKEM. A word oaed by Afleenna, for
redneaa of the akin, limb*, and lace, produced by
the action of cold.
BESSONSE. \ ^ «"»•«■»•
BETA. Tha B«t, fflVa/o, (P.) B«W«, J»e«<-
rmt, family, ChanopodeB. Sa. Sf"- Pnlan-
dria Digynia. A ganni of planta, i^ which the
fcllowinfr are the chief vaiietiea.
Bara Ut'iudi, SooI of Scardly. Snot nd,
oaMlda; while, within. Very nabitlTa; yleldi
I BIZOAK
BxTATiTui'EiiKiTMa, Bfi BnU Roatial
aod nutriliTa; yielda a amall qnantltj ofiofir.
BETEL, PiyrritWc'. Aapecie*aFpeppar,iiL
tiTaled in aereraJ parW of India, The Kaatb-
diana are in the habit of ehewinf- tha IraTei with
lime and areea; and the j girc the name BtulU
thia praparntiun. It ia naed in all tha c<iuataria]
eoDntrica of Aaia. Betel la aaid to be toi.le aal
aatringanL It it aln ealled Btttt, Bttrt, Btdt,
Bae Area.
BETIIROOT, TrilUnm latifoliuB— h. Bn^.
leaf, Trilliam lalifullum.
/rir/5£. Dementia.
B&TOIXE, BctoDiu offlcinalU— i. if« Jb»
(B^iHf, Arnica Montana— krfu &i»jrarib, At-
BirON, Coloatrnm.
UETONICA AQUATICA, Sotopholaiia aqot-
Bitor'ica Omcoa'LiE, Catntt, Btton'iaa
DNr^iH'ni, r<:lait'i« Ciirdi, Ae., £«'(«>, WaU
BelMK, FrycliBl-ropitaK, Vmni'ttt pMrj^TM,
(F.) Btlaio,. Fawiily, Ubutc. &v. Sjtt. Bi-
dynamia QyQiaoap«ruiia. Betony imi In outeh
eateam amongat the ancienta, wbo employed tht
cephalalgia, Ac It waa ao called, according It
Pliny, from being in great repute among th.TtU
tonea, or Beltonci, an ancient people of Bpaia,
in praiae of it; recommending It la no leaa tbMt
17 dllTeract dieeaaet. It hot, however, little or
no lirtaa. The ietTU an aaid to be aperiaa^
and the root emetic
BbiosicA PjIcu, Veronica.
BKTOSr, Betonica oBcinalia— b- Paol'i, I^
copna ainoatua, Lycopni Yiiginicni — b. VaM,
Scrophnlacia aqnatica-— b. Wood, BetonIcA oA^
B&TBE, BeteL
BETTE, Beta.
BETTEBA VE, Beta.
BBT'ULA ALBA. The Bin\, (F.) BoWnn
cDHinaii, The yoUDg leaves an slightly Ddonn^
aatiingent, and bitter. They an applied tM
wonnda aod ulcers. They bare been regarded
aa antiaoorhntio and anthelminlto. The tree Air.
Betula EnARSiHATa, AlnoB glnllnot a b . Qln*
Uoou, Alnas glutinosa.
BiTULA Lknta, Sttttt Birth, Btatk Binli,
Chtrry Bireli, J/mafuVa Jfaiogany, il an Ameri-
can spceiee, the bark and leaves of which htTt
the smell and laaM of Qaultberia procumbeot.
An infusion il aometimet made of them, and uaed
aa an excitant and diephoretia. The rolatiU oil
ia nearly it not wholly identical with that of
Oaullheria.
BBUIiRE, Bntter— ft.(feSaMk>w,Buttaror
bambune — 4. dt Cacao, Butler of earao — b. it
Ooca, Bnlter of cocoa-i, VLjiiaU, Perteagatit-
BEITTRiaNT, HDIERAL WATERS 01.
BenvrigDj ia in the lieinity of Bayeu in Ki».
mandj. The water is chalybeata.
BE WE, Diplopia.
BEXi Xuaaie_b. ConmlaiTa, FerlnHit— b.HB-
j mids, Eipfcloratiun—b. Theriodea, Parlasaia.
i IlEXTR. Tiiuii.
BEXIE, Tuuia.
BEXU'OO. Under thia name,
-ODt waa formerly introdared into
Pern. It is auppoaed to hare been
pnrgatlTt
BEZ'OAR, Brtfaar, Bn'tiard,Pa'wmAmr,bOK
a nib- I Persian Pa, 'aitBinat,' and laAnr, poiaon. ZapA
~ ir'i/ims, Cal'eului Ba^oar, BmuneiOmB*-
BiEOABD
ISS
BI0H08
woma'dmt, Bemtwrd* A ealenloiis eonoredon, foand
fai th« •tomMh, intostinesi and bladder of ani-
mi^ Wonderful Tirtues were formeriy attri-
Imted to theee Beioars. There were two great
Taiietiee: the Bafoar oriemtaUif An'imal Btwoar*-
ticmm orienta'Ut formed in the fourth stomach of
the gaselle of India {QuMeVla In'dieaf or rather
AmHl'opi eerviea'pra :) and the Bm^oar oeciden-
ta'ti^ AHtmal BeMoar^ticum oeeidenta'Uy found in
the fourth stomach of the wild goat or ehamoit
of Peru. These substances were esteemed to be
powerful alexipharmics ; but the former was the
more valued. It was believed that no poison,
and no emptiTe, pestilential^ or putrid disease,
eould resist its influence. As so many virtues
were ascribed to it, other a&imsl concretions were
substituted for it ; and facUtious Besoards were
made of crabs' eyes and claws, bruised and mixed
with musk, ambergris, Ac
Bez'o JLK Bovi'MUM, (F.) Bitooord dm Bctuf, Bt-
Moard of the beef, A concretion formed hi the
fourth stomach of beeves ; slso, a biliary calcu-
lus found in the gall-bladder.
Bbi'oar of thk Dbsr, B. of tke Laeh'rymal
Fo99a of ike JhtTf Deev'* Tear», A moist, highly
odorous, fatty matter, found below the anterior
canthus of the orbit of the red deer — Oermu eVe-
pkoB, It has been used, like castor, as an anti-
spasmodic, in the dose of from 6 to 15 grains, two
or three times a day.
Bbzoar Eqimuir, Besoard of the horse — b.
Hystricis, Beioard of the Indian porcupine.
Bbs'oard or Catmak. This was once much
prised. It is now unknown.
b£zOABD BtALLEMAQNE, iBgagropila.
Bbz'oabd or THB Chamois, and B. or thb
HoBSB, Bewoar equi'numf Hippol'ithiM, Ac, exhi-
btt their origin in the name.
Bbz'oabd or THE Ikbiah Por'cupinb. Beafoar
Hjft^irieU, Lapis Pere%*nutf Lapis Malueen'eit,
Petro del Poreo, (F.) Binoard de Pore-ipie, was
formerly the dearest of all the Besoards, and was
told at an enormous price in Spain and Portugal.
Bbs'oabd MimsBAL, Antimonium diaphoretl-
cnm — b. Vegetable, see Calappite.
BBZOAR'DIC, Beaoar'dieHt, ( F.) Bfzoardique;
coneeming the besoard. Besou^dic medicines are
thoee supposed to possess the same properties
with the besoard ; as antidotes, alexiteria, alexi-
pharmics, cordials.
BEZOABDICA RADIX, Dorstenia eontra-
yerva.
BEZOAR'DICUM BATUR'NI. A pharma-
eeutieal preparation, regarded by the ancients as
antihysteric It was formed of protoxide of lead,
batter of antimony, and nitric acid.
Bbzoar'dicitm HnvA'HCM. Urinary oalcnll
were formerly employed under this name as
powerful alexipharmicc
Bbsoar'dicuii Jovia'lI. a sort of greenish
powder, used as a diaphoretic, and formed of an-
timony, tin, mercury, and nitric acid.
Bbioab'oicum Luba'bI. a medicine formerly
regarded as a speoifio in epilepsy, convulsions,
megrim, Ac It was prepared of nitrate of sil-
ver, and butter of antimony.
Bbsoab'dicvm MABTiA'Li. A tonic medieine,
used by the ancients in diarrhcea. It was pre-
pared from the tritoxide of iron and butter of an-
timony.
BBX0AB'mci7M Mbroubia'lC. a medieine,
formerly vaunted as an antisyphilitio, and pre-
pared from the mild chloride of mercury, butter
of antimony, and nitric acid.
Bbxoab'dioum MimcBA'Ll; the deutozide of
•Btimony ; so oalled because its properties were
npposed to resemble those of animal besoard.
Smoa&'dioux SoiiA'Bl. A diaphoittio medi-
cine, prepared of gold filings, nitrio add, and
butter of antimony.
Bbzoar'dicum Ven'brii. a pharmaceutica}
preparation, formerly employed in lepra, diseases
of tixe brain, Ac ; which was made from filings
of copper, butter of antimony, and nitric acid.
BHANG, Banguc
BI, as a prefix to words, has the same signifi*
cation as Di.
BIAIOTHANATI, BiothanatL
BIBITORIUS, Rectus internus oculi.
BIBLIOO'RAPUT, MED'ICAL, from ^t0\»t,
. a book,' and yp^f^t * I describe.' Skill in the
knowledge of medical books. The most distin-
guisded medical biographers have been: J. A.
VAjr DBR LufDXN, Amstclod. 1662, octavo, (L.)
M. LiPBKiuB, Francf. ad Masv. 1679, fol. (L.)
O. A. Mbrcki^ih, Norimb. 1686, (L.) J. J.
Mamobt, Genev. 1695 to 1731, (L.) Tarih (ana-
tomical,) Paris, 1753, (F.) A. voir Hallbr,
Ziirich, 1774, Ac. (L.) VxoiLns yob Crbot-
ZBNrBLD (surgical,) Vindob. 1781, (L.) C. G.
Kubb, Lips. 1794, ^L.) C. L. Schwbicxabo
(anat, phys., and legal medicine,) Stuttgardp
1796 to 1800, (L.) G. G. Ploucqubt, Tubing.
'1808 to 1814, (L.) C. F. Bvrdach, Gotha, 1810
to 1821, (G.) J. S. Erbcb, (since 1750,) Leips.
1822, (G.) Th. Ch. Fr. Ebbub, (of Germany,
since 1750,) Berlin, 1826, (G.) J. B. Mobtpal*
COB, Paris, 1827, (F.) J. Forbes, M. B., F. R.
6., London, 1835. A. C. P. Callisbb, Copen-
hagen, 1845, (G.) £. MoRWiTZ, Leipcig, 1849,
(G.)
BICAUBALIS, Retrahens auris.
BICAUDA'TUS, Cauda'tut, ' double^taUed.'
A monster having two tails.
BICEPHA'LIUM, Bieepkanium. A hybrid
word, from 5t and xt^aXn, * head.' Sauvages ap-
plies this epithet to a very large sarcoma on the
head, which seems to form a double head.
BICEPHALUS, Dicephalus.
BICEPS, from 6m, 'twice,' and caput, 'head.'
That which has two heads. This name has been
particularly given to two muscles; one belonging
to the arm, the other to the thigh.
BicBPS Extbr'bub Mub'cvlus. The long por-
tion of the Trieept Braehia'Ut. — Douglas.
BiCBPS Flbxor Cruris, Bicepe Cntris, Bieept,
(F.) Bicepe Crural, Bieepe Fem'orie, h' chio-fem* ~
oro-p^roiiier— (Ch.) A muscle on the posterior
part of the thigh ; one head arising from the tn-
berosi^ of the ischium, and the other from a
great part of the linea aspera. It is inserted into
Uie top of the fibula. It serves to bend the leg
on the thigh.
BiCBPS Flexor Cu'btti, Bieepe Bra'ehii, Chr*^
aeo-radia'lie, Bicepe, Bieepe maniUr, Bicepe in-
tef'mu, Bieepe inter^nut ku'meri, (F.) Soapulo-ra-'
dial, (Ch.) — Bietpa BrackiaL A muscle, situate
at the anterior and internal part of the arm ; ex-
tending from the edge of the glenoid cavity and
from the top of the coracoid process to the tube-
rosity of the radius. It bends the fore-arm upon
the arm.
BICHE DE MEB, Sea Slug. A molluscous \
animal, belonging to the genus Holothuria, which '
is caught amongst the islands of the Fe^ee group.
New Guinea, Ac, and when prepared finds a
ready sale in China, where it is used as an ingre-
dient in rich soups.
BTCHET, Terra Orleana.
BICUICH'Ifi. Pectoral mediefnee, composed
of liquorice jnioe, sugar, blanched almonds, Ao^-~
Bhases.
BICHI08, Dracnncnlns.
BICHO, Draounonlus— b. di Cnlo, Proetocae«^
BIOHO& A PortaguMe nana ftr the wonu
BICIPITAL
IM
BTOLTCHHIOir
iLat penetntM the to«i pt people in the Indiei ;
and which are destroyed by the oil of the caahew
BICIP'IT AL, from hicept {hit and caput) 'two.
beaded.' Relating to the biceps.
Bicip'iTAL Oroovb, (F.) Coultst on OoMitiir§
hicipitaU, OouliMe hmmfraU, (Ch.,) is a longitu-
dinal groove, situate between the tuberosities of
the OS humeri, which lodges the long head of the
biceps.
Bicip'iTAL Tu'bercle, Bicipital tuberosity ,
(F.) TuMrotiti hicipitalc; — a prominence near
the upper extremity of the radius, to which the
tendon of the biceps is attached.
BICORNE RUDE, Ditrachyceros.
BICUS'PID, Biewpida'tn; from hi; 'twice/
•nd evspia, 'a spear.' That which has two points
or tubercles.
Bicus'riD Tbkth, Dcntet Bicuspida'tif (F.)
J)cnts hieH9pidie9t the small molares. See Molar.
BIDEN8 AGMELLA, 8pUanthu8 acmella.
BIDET, (F.) Bidet i pronounced beeday. A
0mall horse formerly idlowed to each trooper for
earrying his baegage. Hence, perhaps, applied
to a chamber bathing apparatus, which has to be
bestridden. It is a useful arrangement, in case^
of hemorrhoids, prolapsus ani, aJIeotions of the
•exnal organs, Ac
BIECIIO, Bische.
BI^REt Cererisia.
BIESTINGS, Colustmm.
BIf£M0R0'CALCANIEN, OastrocnemiL
BIFURCATION, Bifurea'tio, from Wt, Hwioe,'
and furcaf 'a fork.' Biviaion of a trunk into
two branches ; as the hifurcativn of ike trachea,
morta, Ac.
BIGASTER, Digastrions.
BIG BLOOM, Magnolia maerophylla.
BIGEMINAL BODIES, Quadrigemina taber-
eula.
BIOOAR, A disease of Bengal, remarkable
for the intensity and danger of the cerebral symp-
toms. — Twining.
BIG-LEAF, Magnolia maerophylla.
BIGLESt see Strabismus.
BIGNONIA CATALPA, Catalpa— b. Radi-
eans, Tecoma radioans.
Bio!fo'HiA 15'dioa. The leaTOS are employed
in India, as emollients, to ulcers.
BIJON, see Pinus sylvestris.
BILAZAY, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bila.
lay is a town in France, two leagues from Thonar,
department of Deux Sevres, near which is a ther-
mal sulphureous spring. Temperalure about 77**
Fahrenheit
BILBERRY, Vaccininm myrtUlns—b. Red,
Yacoinium vitis idsBa.
BILE, Bilif, Fel, CkoVoe, CMi, Choler, (F.)
BiU, Fi^. A yellow, greenish, yisdd, bitter,
nauseous fluid, secreted by the liver. It is dis-
tinguished into hepatic and cyatie ; according as
it flows immediately into the duodenum from the
liver or trom the gall-bladder. It oontMUs, ac-
cording to Muratori« water; a peculiar &tty
matter; colouring matter, (Cholepyr'rhin or BUi-'
pha'im ;) eholesterin, combined with soda ; picro-
mel or 6i7in ; extract of flesh, mucus; soda, phos-
phate of sodaj phosphate of lime, and chloride
of sodium.
The use of the bile is to remore from the body
superfluous hydro-carbon ; and it is probably in-
Monrient to useful purposes in digestion.
Bile, Furunoulus — b. Black, Atrabilis — 6. de
1«m/, see Bile — b. RepanduCf Icterus.
BiLB OP THE Bear, tiall of the Bear, Fel Uraif
was thought to be anti-epileptic ; and that of the
JBel, Fel anguil'lm, to facilitate labour.
BlUB or TBI 0^ GaU </ tU0x,09 Oatt, Fel
Tauri, Fel Bovie, F. Bopi^tum, (F.) BiU deBmiA
was once reputed cosmetio and detergent ■&»•
otalgic and emmenagogue ; aa well aa to poiisti
the power of facilitating labour. It haa alao bass
given as a bitter stomachic and anthelmiatie;
and as a tonic and laxative, in cases of dt&cimej
of the biliary secretion.
BIL'IABY, Bilia'rie, Biiia'rime, FePkm
That which relates to bile.
Bil'iart Appara'tdb, B, orgemtf B. pa m ag te.
The ooliection of parts that oonoor in the socn-
tion and excretion of bile : — via. the liver, pori
biliari or tubuli biliferi; hepatic, eystie, aad
oholedoch ducts, and gall-bladder.
Bil'iart Concre'tiokb are conoretioui fovad
in some parts of the biliary appa r atas.
Biliary Ducts, Pori biliarii.
BILIEUX, BiUons.
BILIMBI. Averrhoa bilimbL
BILIMBING TERES, Averrhoa bilimbL
BILIN, PicromeL
BIL'IOUS, Bilio^eue, ChoCicue, ChoTime, reU
lin'eve, Epieh'oloe, Picroeh'oloe, FeVleme. (F.)
Biliewc That which relates to bile, eontains
bile, or b produced by bile. An epithet glTm
to certain constitutions and diseases, which ara
believed to be the efiect of superabandanoe of Iha
biliary secretion: aa Bilioue temperamiemtf B,
eympiomtt B, fever,
BILIPUiEIN, see Bile.
BILIS FLVXIO, Cholera morlnu.
BILITICUS, Cholagogue.
BIUVERD'IN, from bUie, 'bOe,' and mridie,
' green.' On adding an acid to a solution of tiia
yellow oolonring matter of bile, a precipitate oi
green flocculi t^es place, which possesses aU the
properties of ohlorophyll, or the green eolooriaf
matter of leaves. This is the biliverdim of Baiw
■elius.
BILOCULAR, see Uniloonlar.
BILUMBI BITING-BING, Mains Indioa.
BI'MANUS, from bie and auiiiiM, 'a hand.
One that has two hands. A term applied only
to man, because he is the sole mammifenNU ud-
mal that possesses two perfect hands.
BINDER, Bandage.
BINDERS, OBSTETRIC, see Belt, RasaiaB.
BINDWEED, Polygonum avicnlare — b. Fid^
die-leaved. Convolvulus panduratus — b. Grca^
Convolvulus sepium — b. Lavender-leaved, Coa-
vohnilus Cantabrica — ^b. Sea, Convolvulus scrfda-
nella — b. Virginian, Convolvulus pandurataa.
BINKOHUMBA, Phyllanthus urinaria.
BINOCULAR, Binorula'rie : same etymon aa
the next Relating to or affecting both eyea— aa
' b\nt>cular vieiou* — vision with both eyes ; or from
impressions made upon both retinsB, which ara
amalgamated into einqle vieiom,
BINOC'ULUS, Bi'n'ocle, IHophtharmiea FaS»
da, Oc'vlie dupler, from bit, * twice,' and ectdMe,
<an eye.' (F.) (Bit dtmble. A bandage applied
over both eyes. It was, also, formerly ealled
Bitmhthal'mue,
BIN'SICA. Disorder of the mind. Aoeovd-
ing to Van Hxlmont, an atrophy of the orgaa
of imagination.
BIOCHYMIA, Chymistry, vitaL
BIOD, Vifl vitalis.
BIODYNAM'ICS, Biodynam'ica, Biodynam'^
iei, Butettph'ia, fn>m /Stoc, 'life,' and hnrnfut,
* power,' * force.' The doctrine of the vital ao«
tivitv, or forces.
BIOGAMIA. Magnetivm, animaL
BIOLOGY. Phvs'iitlogy.
BIOLYCHNION. '//lo/yrA'ittHm, fW>m 0nt,
'life,' and Xvxvtov, 'a lamp.' Innate bent, vitri
heat, animal heat. Lyck'nium, Lychnid*iwm,
Tk^rmum em'phytuwi, Flamwm sea Flam^wmim
VtbiLJSSB
185
MOTOVEI
•en eonltr. Abo, a Moret prepsntloii of
vfaioh Bb<iuih and Buroratb make meaUon.
BIOLYSIS, see Biolytie.
BIOLYT'IC, Bioljft'UM; from fif^, Mife,' and
>««!(, ' solation/ Relating to the dettraction of
life. A ' bioljftic agent' is one that oansei friol'y-
•ie, or destroctioB of life. — Sohnlts.
BIOMAONETISMUS, Magnetism, animaL
BIONOMY, Physiology.
BIOPH.SN0MfiN0L0GU, Physiology.
BIOS, ^«f. Life. Also, what is neoeisary for
the preservation of life.
BIOSOPHIA, Biodynamies.
BIOSTATICS, StatisUos, medieaL
BIOTS, Life.
BIOTUAN'ATI, Biaiotkan'aii, from 0iot»
'life/ and ^avmnt, < death.' Those who die of a
Tiolent death yery suddenly, or as if there was
Ao space hetween lift and deatlu
BIOTIC, VttaL
BIOTICS, Physiology.
BIOTOMIA, ViTiseotioB.
BIPARISTAL SUTURE, Sagittal sntore.
BIPIN'NA, from bit, 'twice,' and pinna, <a
wing-feather.' A term vsed by the aneients for a
dimiantire penis, not exoeeding is sise two quills^
BIRy Thorax.
BIRA, Ceievisia.
BIRCH, Betula alb«r-b. Black, Betula lenta--
b. Cherry, Betula lenta — b. Sweet, Betula lenta.
BIRDS' NEST, Hypopitys lanuginosa.
BIRTH, CROSS, Presentation, preternatural
K Lire, see Bora alive — b. Plural, see Muiti-
parous.
BIRTHWORT, Aristoloehia--b. Snakeroot,
Aristolochia serpentaria.
BISCHB, Bieeho, A malignant kind of dy.
■entery, which often prevails in the island of
Trinidad.
BISCUIT, BUeoc'hu, bis, 'twice,' and eoetu»,
'baked,' (F.) bit and cuit, 'twice baked.' A
lund of dry, hard bread, or cake, which is va-
riously made ; and, when without eggs or butter,
is easy of digestion. It was formerly called XH-
fgri'tetf and Di'pyros,
BISCUIT, MEAT. An alimentary prepara.
tion» proposed by Mr. 0. Borden, Jr., of Texas,
which consists in combining the matters ex-
tnu^d from meat by boiling with flour, so as to
form biscuits; which keep well, and are of course
nntptive.
BtSKRMAS, Salvia sclare^ J
BISFERIENS, Dicrotus.
BISHOP'S WEED, Ammu
BIS LI NO UA, RuBOus hypoglossnm. ^
JISM.ALVA, Althma.
BISMUTH, Aniimo'nium aCbnm, CkaleiUxi,
Lmma imptr/ei/ta, Stannum gVncia'U sen cinereum,
Bismu'tMnm, Wismu'thutn. Beg'idut of Bit'muth,
MartatCta, Tin gUu; (F.) £tain gri; £, de
Glace, A metal, in spieular plates, of a yel-
lowish-white colour; s. gr. 9.822 ; fusible at ^OO^*
Fahrenheit, and volatilUable at a high tempera*
tore. It is used only in the preparation of the
•abnitrate.
BiSMiTTH, OxTD OF, Blsmuth, Subnitrate of —
h» Regulus of. Bismuth.
Bismuth, Subxi'trxtk ow,Bi9mu'thi&ubni'tnu,
Marcasi'ta alba, Plmmbam eine'reum, Maguite''
rimm MarcoMtUa sea Bitmutki, Bitmu'thum JViff'-
rieum, B. Sttbuii'rienm, NitroM SuhbiinWtkienm,
NUroM Bismutki, Calx Vimnu'tki, Bimnu'thum
oatwflHia'tum al6a»m, Ox»d o/Bitmuih, Mag'^ittery
a/Bismutk, Pearl White, Spaniek White. (F.)
Aasat^role d€ biemaik. Oxide blane de B., Blane
de fard, Blanc de ptrle. (Bi*mutk, in frustulis,
1^ Aoid nitrie. fS^. Aq. deetHL q. s. Mix a
wid ooBce of dif tilled water with the sitiio aoid,
and dissolve the bismuth in the raixtore. Whan
the solution is eomplete, pour the clear liquor
into three pints of distilled water, and set tha
mixture by, that the powder may subside. Lastly,
having poured off the supernatant fluid, wash the
subnitrate of bismutii with distilled water, wrap
it in bibulous paper, and dry with a gentle
heat Ph. U. 8.) It is considered to be tonio
and antispasmodiq, and has been chiefly used in
gastrodynia.
BlSBTTTR, Valb'biakatb OP, Bitmu'thi valeri'
anne, Biemu'tkum valerian' ieum. Prepared by
mixing a neutral solution of oxide of biemutk in
nitrie acid, with valerianate of »oda ; washing,
and drying the precipitate. Used in gastrodynia,
chronic gastralgia, neuralgia, and chronic palpi-
tetion, as a nervine. Dose, ^ a grain to 2 grains,
three or four times a dav, in pill.
BISMUTHI NITRAS, Bismuth, Subnitrate
of — b. Valerianas, Bismuth, valerianate of.
BISMUTHUM, Bismuth — b. Nitricnm, Bia-
muth, subnitrate of — b. Oxydolatnm album.
Bismuth, subnitrate of-~b. Ehibnitricum, Bismuth,
subnitrate of — b. V^erianionm, Bismuth, vale-
rianate of.
BISPIRU8, Dipnoos.
BISSUM, Hydrangea arboreseens.
BISSUS. The sUky filaments which fix tba
Pinna Mari'na to the rocks. In Italy and Cor*
sica, clothes are made of these, which are consi-
dered to favour perspiration, and are recon»-
mended to be worn next the skin in rheumatism,
gout, Ac. See Byssus.
BISTORT, OFFICINAL, Pylygonum bUtorta
— b. Virginian, Polygonum virginianum.
BISTORTA, Polygonum bistorta.
BISTORTIER, (F.) A name given by tha
Pkarmaoien to a long wooden pestle useid for
reducing soft substances to powder, and in tht
preparation of electuaries.
BISTOURf, (F.) Pietorien'eie gla'diue, Scal^
pel'luM, ScaVpeum, Bistoury, A small cutting-
knife, used in surgery, — so called, according to
Huet, from the town of Piston, which was for-
merly celebrated for the mannfactare of those
instruments. A bistoury has the form of a small
knife, and is composed of a blade and handle.
The blade, which is most commonly movable la
the handle, may be fixed by a button, spring, Ac.
When fixed in the handle, the bistouri is called
by the French, B. d lame fixe on dormante.
The chief bistouries are : — 1. The straight B.
(F.) B, droit, in which the blade and cutting
edge are straight, the point being fine, round, or
square. 3. The covrzx B. (F.) B, eonvexe; the
blade of which is convex at the entting edg^
concave at the back. 8. The coxcavb B. (F.)
B. eoaeave / the blade of which is eonoave at ite
edge, and convex at the back. 4. BLUvr-PoiRtua
B. (F.) B, bontonni / tha blade of which haa a
button at its extremity. 5. The BLuirr or probb*
POiNTKo BiSTOURT OF PoiT; oonoave at ite ent-
ting edge, and ite point blnnt ; so that it can be
carried on the palmar surfaoa of the index finger^
to divide the stricture, in strangulated hernia.
Sir Astley Cooper has reoommended a useful
modification of this, to avoid wounding the intes*
tine, should it come in eontaet with l^e edge of
the knife. His Bistoury has an edge of not more
than eight lines in length, situate about five linea
from the point. 6. Bistouri 1 la limb, (F.) 14
a straight bistoury ; the blade fixed in the handle,
the extremity with a button, and the edge made
with a file. It is chiefly used for dilating parte.
7. BiBTOURi ROTAL, (F.) A Bistoury used in ope-
rating upon Louis XIV., for fistula in ano. 8.
Bistouri oabtriqub, (F.) A eoraplieated instn*
ment» invented by Moraad, for dilating wooiida
BIT NOBBN
ISB
BLi
«f the abdomen. 9. Bistouri cach£, B. \emiaire,
on Attrape-lourdand d€ Biennait, Forcept de-
eepio'ria, A curred bistouri, the blade of wbich
is placed in a canula, whence il issues on press-
ing a spring.
The word Bittouri is used by the French, at
tiineti. where we would employ knife.
BIT NOBEN, Salt of Bitu'men, Padnoon,
Siiueherloon, Khala mtmue. A white, saline sub-
stance, which is a Hindoo preparation of great
antiquity, and has been supposed to be the Sal
a»phaUi'te9 and Sal Sodome'nut of the andents.
It is used by the Hindoo in the prevention or
cure of almost all diseases.
BITUNIMAL'CA, Oat'teranax, Two un-
meaning words, used by Dolscus, to designate an
active principle supposed to have its scat in the
stomach, and to preside over chymification, Ac
BITIOS D£ KI8, Proctocace.
BITTER, Amarus — b. Bark, Pinckneya pu-
bens — b. Bloom, Chironia angularia — b. Holy,
Hiera picra — b. Redberry, Comus Florida — b.
Root, Apocynum androssamifulium, GenUana
Catesbeci, Menyanthes vema — b. Sweet night-
shade, Solanum Dulcamara — b. Sweet vine. So-
lan um Dulcamara.
BITTERNESS, Amaritu'do, Amarit'te; Am-
a'rory PVcria^ (F.) Amertume. A particular taste,
which belongs to many subptances. In some
diseases there is a sense of bitterness felt in the
mouth.
BITTERS, COLUMBO, Tinctnra Calumb» —
b. Spirit, Tinctura gentians^ composita — b. Wine,
Vinum gentiann compositum.
BITTERSWEET, Solanum dulcamara.
BITTERWEED, Ambrosia trifida.
BITTERWOOD TREE, Quassia.
BITTOS. A disease, in which the chief symp-
tom is an acute pain in the anus. — Chomel.
BITUMEN, GLUTINOUS, Pissasphaltum —
b. Judaicum, Asphaltum — b. of Judsea, Asphal-
tura — b. Petroleum, PetrolsDum — ^b. Malta, PLasas-
phaltnm — b. Salt of, Bitnoben — b. Solidum, As-
phaltum.
BIVENTER, Digastricus — b. Cervicis, Com-
plexus musculus — b. Maxillae, Digastricus.
BIVENTRAL LOBE OF THE CEREBEL-
LUM, see Lobe, biventral.
BIX A AMERICANA, see Terra Orleana— b.
Orleana, see Terra Orleana — b. OreUana, see
Terra Orleana.
BLABE, Wound.
BLACCIiB. Rubeola.
BLACIA, Debility.
BLACKBERRY, AMERICAN, see Rubns
flrutieosus — b. High or standing, see Rubus Aru-
tiooeus.
BLACK DOSB, see InfVisnm Senna eompo-
•itum.
BLACK DRAUGHT, see InfVisum Sennn
oompositum.
BLACK DROP, Guttse nigrsB.
BLACK LION. A term givMi to a sloughing
syphilitic ulcer, under which the British soldiers
suffered greatly in Portug^
BLACK ROOT, Aletris farinosa, Leptandria
purpurea.
BLACKWATER, Pyrosis.
BLADDER, GALL, see Gall Bladder^b. Irri-
^«ble, Cysterethismus — b. Swim, Air bladder «-
b. Urinary, see Urinary Bladder,
BLADUM, BU,
B L.^SITAS, Bl<B9a lingua. Some authors have
used this word as synonymous with stammering.
See Balbuties. Sau rages understands by it a
defect in prononcifttioni wbiob oonsiats in sabsti-
tcting soft consonants for those that are ksvlf
as the z for s, the D for t, the s for g and j, Ac
Also, Lisping, Trauli^mut, Trau'loUi, (F.) MU»
•iUf BIS IparUr.)
BLiBSOPODES, see Kyllosis.
BLiESOPUS, see Kyllosis.
BLiBSUS. A distortion; especially the ool-
ward distortion of the legs. Also, a stammersr.
BLAFARD, (F.) Pal'lidut, PalUd'ulv. This
epithet is sometimes given to the skin, when pala
and duU ; but> most frequently, to the flesh ef a
wound, when it has lost its colour, and beeoma
white. The word is, also, sometimes used sjbo*
nymously with Albino.
BLANO BE BALEINE, Cetaeeom — k d!s
Fardf Bismuth, subnitrate of — 6. de FiEilj Sde*
rotic — b. d*(EH/, Albumen ovi — b, tU Perie, Bis*
muth, subnitrate of.
BLANC-MANOER, (F.) C%bu9 nUnu, Lew»>
pha'gium, Ltueoph'agum, Argyrotropkt'ma, An
animal jelly, so called on account of its coloVf
combined with an emulsion of sweet almonds, to
which sugar has been added, and some aromstlie.
It is sometimes prescribed as a nutriment in ma*
yalescence and chronic diseases.
BLANCRAISIN, Blanc Rhasis.
BLANC RHAZIS, Blanc-rainn, An oini-
ment composed of cerusssy white wax, and oUTt
oil.
BLANCA, Plumbi snbearbonas.
BLANCH, TO, from (F.) blancAir, 'to whiteB,
to bleach.' To whiten by depriying of the ontsr
rind ; as ' to hlanek almonds / i. e. to peel then.
BLANCHET, (F.) A blanket. A term glvMiv
by the French Pharmaciens, to the wooUsn
strainer through which they filter syrup aaA
other thick fluids. See, also, Aphthse.
BLANCHING, Etiolation.
BLANCNON ORIBASII, Polypodinm flBs
mas.
BLAS. An unmeaning term, iuTented by Tm
Helmont to designate a kind of movement in the
body ; at times, local, — at others, under extrane*
ous influence. Thus, he speaks of the BIom aiefls*
oro9 of the heavenly bodies, and the BIom \mmafm
numf that which operates in man.
Blab Altirativum, Plastic force.
BLASE, (F.) An epithet given to one whom
the abuse of enjoyment has prevented from any
longer deriving satisfaction or pleasure from it.
BLASTE'MA, Blatte'ti*, from fiX»0r*wm, 'I
bud.' A germ. The sense of this wt>rd, which
is often used by Hippocrates, is obscure. CaatoUi
thinks it means the eruption of some morhUio
principle at the surface of the body. Alsoy tho
matrix or general formative element of tissaoa.
BLAS'TEMAL, Blaatema'lif. Relating or §p,
pertaining to a blastema, «- as ' hkutemal form**
Uons,' those that are formed from a blastenuL
BLASTODERM A, see Molecule.
BLATTA BYZAN'TIA, r»yim orforo'lus, (F.)
Blatte de Btftanee. This name seems, formmy^
to have been given to a marine production from
some of the Concbylia. It had an agreeablo
smell, a reddish tint, and the shape of a naiL II
WAS prescribed in epilepsy, hysteria, and hepatio
obstructions. RouUelet afiirms that it was the
production of the shell-fish mvrex or pur p ura i
and that the name Blatta is derived from the
Greek ^Xarrutt * purple.'
BLA VELLE, Centaurea eyanns.
BLAVEOLE, Centaurea cyanus.
BLA VEROLLE, Centaurea cyanus.
BLAZING-STAR, Chamselirium lutenm, li.
atrifl.
Bli, Bhdum, This word answers, in Fiiiii%
BLi
isr
BLEPHAROPTOSIS
to ih« word Cbm in EngUnd ; L «. any kind of
^ttin emfdoyed for makug bread. Wheat being
VMat eommoolj need for this purpose, BU Li
•ometimef reatrieted to this. BU miuU U a
Btixtnre of wheat and rye.
Bli CORN IT, Ergot— 6. tTEtpagne, Zea mays
— 6. *f/ttilit, Zea Mays — 6. liiteil, wt BU—
iw Noir, Polygonum fiigopymm — h,dm Tur^mUf
Saa mays.
BLE (PARLER,) Blasitas.
BLEABERRT, Vaeeinium myrtUlas.
BLEACHING lslQ.\jVD, Eau dm javdU.
BLEAR-BYE, Lippitudo.
BLEB Bulla.
BLEcilNON. Polypodinm filix mas.
BLRCUXIJM LIGNIFOLIUM, Aspleninm
Bcolopendriam — b. Squamosum, Asplenium ee-
ttrach.
BLECHROPTRA, see Bleehros.
BLECHROPYRUS, Typhus miUor.
BLECUROS, ffXnxP^ff 'weak, feeble, slow.'
Ab epithet applied to different affections, and
particularly to ferers. Hence Bleckrop'jfra, 'a
itow f«Ter :' Bleekrotpkya'mia, * a slow pulse.'
BLECHROSPHYGMU, see Bleehros.
BLED, Com.
BLEEDIXG, Bloodletting, Hamorrhagia.
BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE, EpUtaxis
— b. Heart, Cypripedium luteum.
Bl£mE, (F.) This word has nearly the same
rigntflcation as BU^ard. Generally, however, it
inelndes, also, emaciation of the countenance.
BLENNA. Mucus — b. Narium, Nasal mucus.
BLENNADENI'TIS, from fiXtPva, 'mucus,'
•Ifv, * a gland,' and tVt«, denoting inflammation,
laflammation of mucous follicles.
BLENNELYT'RIA, from fiXtrvm, 'mucus,' and
tkmrp^v, * a sheath.' A discharge of mucus from
the Tagina. Leucorrhoea. — Alibert.
BLENNEM'ESIS. BUnnoim'esi*, Vom'itut
fi%miu»'9wi, from ffktwva, 'mucus/ and t/ugttf
'vomiting/ VomiUng of mucus.
BLENNENTERIA, Dysentery.
BLENNISTH'MIA,from^Xcrya, 'mucus,' and
ssd|Mc 'the gullet. Increased flow of muous
from the pharynx and larynx. — ^Alibert
BLENNOCHEZIA, Diarrhoea, mnoous.
BLENNOCYSTIDES, Bursas muoosss.
BLBNNODES, Mndform.
BLENNOEMESIS, Blennemesis.
BLENN0G"BN0U8, BUnnog"enw, Mueif 'tc,
Mmeffiemtf from fiXtmm, ' mucus,' and ytvam, ' I
Ibna.' Forming or generating muous. Breschet
amd. Bonssel de Vaoidme dercribe an apparatus
•f this kind for the secretion of the mucous mat-
ter that eonstltntea the cuticle, composed of a
^aadalar parenchyma or organ of secretion situ-
ate fn the substance of the true skin, and of
•zeretory ducts, which issue from the organ,
and deposite the mueous matter between the
^LENNOIDES, Mnciform.
BLENN0IDEU8, Muciform.
BLENNOPHTHALMIA, Ophthalmia, (pura-
1ml)
BLENNOP'TYSIS, from pXewa, and mm, *l
HgitL* Expectoration of mucus. Catarrh.
BLENNOPYRA, Blennopy'ria, from pXtwa,
•ad Mwp, 'fire.' Alibert has classed, under this
head, rarions fevera with mucous complications ;
M MetMtterie /fveTf Ademo^meningtcd fevttf Ac.
BLENNORRHAGIA, Gonorrhoea— b. Genita.
Bam, Leueorrhoea — b. Notha, Gonorrhoea spuria
Spuria, Gonorrhoea spuria.
BLBKNORRHAGIC EPIDIDYMITIS, Her-
b knmofilif.
BLENNORRHAOIE FAUSSE, GonorrhcM
spuria — 6. du Gland, Gonorrhoea spuria.
BLENNORRHINIA, Coryxa.
BLENNORRUCE'A, BUnnorrhof, Blennor^
rkaff"ia, PhUgmorrkoe'a, PhUffMorrha»"ia, from
fiXtwa, 'mucus,' and ptm, 'I flow.' iDordiDnte
secretion and discharge of mucus. Also, Gonor-
rhoea.
BLBinroRRR(BA Chrokica, (gleet,) see Gonor-
rhoea — b. Gonitalium, Leucorrha>a — b. Luudev,
Gonorrhoea impura — b. Nasalis, Coryza — b. Oculi,
see Ophthalmia — b. Oculi gonorrhuic^ gee Oph-
thalmia — b. Oculi neonatorum, see 0]>hthulmia —
b. Oculi purulcnta, see Ophthalmia — b. Urcthralis,
Gonorrhoea, Cystorrhoea — b. Ventriculi, Gastror-
rhoea — b. Vesicae, Cystorrhoea.
BLENNO'SES, from $Xtvpa, 'mucuf>.' Affec-
tions of the mucous membranes. — Alibert.
BLENNOTHORAX, Catarrh, Peripneumonia
notha — b. Chronicus, Asthma humidum.
BLENNOTORRHCEA, Otirrha^n.
BLENNURETHRIA, Gonorrhoia.
BLENNURIA, Cystorrhoea.
BLEPHARADENITIS, Ophthalmia Tarsi.
BLEPUARANTHRACO'SIS, i?/e;>A«r»'-
t{» gangrasno'ta, Oarbuneula' tio Oc'uli, Gangre-
nous inflammation of the eyelids.
BLEPHARELOSIS, Entropion.
BLEPHARIDES, Cilia.
BLEP]IARIDOPLASTICE,Blepharoplastice.
BLEPUARISMUS, Nictation.
BLEPHARITIS, Ophthalmia tarsi— b. Gan-
grsenosa, Blepharanthracosis.
BLEPHAROBLENNORRHOtlA, Ophthalmia,
purulent — b. Neonatorum, see Ophthalmia (pu-
rulcnta infantum.)
BLEPH'ARO-CONJUNCTIVI'TIS, JB/^Aa-
ro9ifnde*mi'tit, from ffkt^apw, 'an eyelid,' and
conjunctiva. Ophthalmia affecting the conjunc-
tiva and eyelids.
BLEPHARODYSCnR(£'A, from /TXf^afM., the
'eyelid,' i»t, 'with diificulty,' and X9^* 'colour.'
Discoloration of the eyelid. Nwvus of the eye-
lid. — Von Ammon.
BLEPHARCEDEMA AQUOSUM, Hydroble-
pharon.
BLEPHARON, Palpebra— b. Atoniaton, Ble-
pharoptosis.
BLEPHARONCO'SIS, Blephanm'eu; 2>/«-
pkaropky'ma, Palpebra'mm Tumor, from PXt^t. -
^, ' eyelid,' and •y'^f * tumour.' A tumour of
the eyelid.
BLEPHARONCUS, Blepharoncosis.
BLEPHAROPTHALMIA, Ophthalmia tarsi
— b. Neonatorum, see Ophthalmia — b. Puruleuta,
Blepharopyorrhoea.
BLEPHAROPHTHALMITIS GLANDULO.
SA, Ophthalmia, purulent, of infants.
BLEPHAROPHYMA, Blepharoncosis.
BLEPlIAROPLAS'TICE,-B/rpAari(/c>p/a«'<ic«,
InttY'to Cilio'rum, from pXc^pov, 'the eyelid,'
and wXavriKot, 'forming,' 'formative.' The for-
mation of a new eyelid.
BLEPHAROPLEGIA, Blepharoptosfs.
BLEPUAROPTO'SIS, BItpKarople'gia, Catnt
paVpebra tuperio'ri; Dtlap'tut pal'pebra, Pro-
lap'$H* pal'pebrcf, Propto'tit pal'pebrcf, Pto*$i§
paVpebra, Atoniaton bUphnron, from pXtipa^,
' the eyelid,' and «twci(, ' fall.' A falling down
of the upper eyelid over the eye, caused by a
paralyRiH of the Levator pafpebrm tuperiori* mus-
cle. This paralysis is an unfavourable symptom,
as it is generally connected with a state of tha
brain favouring apoplexy or palsy.
Blkpharoptosis EcTROPiDM, Ectroplum "— bk
Entropion, Entropion.
BLEPHABOPYOBRH(EA
138
BtOOD
BLEPUAROPTORRUCE'A, BUpkarophtkaV-
mia puruUn'tnt Pjforrka'a paPpebrm, from ^^-
oMy, 'eyelid:' mo», 'pus/ and pcto, 'I flow.'
Ducrctioii of piiH from the eyelids.
BLRrHARU-PYURKRrEA NeC'VATORUV, 806 Opb-
thalinia (pnrulonta infantum.)
BLEPJIARORRHOS'A, from fiXtfapw, 'aye-
lid/ and pcu. ' I flow/ A discliargo of mucus
from the cvelidv.
fiLKPlfAROSPAS'MUS, from ffXtfafov, 'eye-
lid/ and arraviAOi, * spasm.' A apatimouio action
of ilic orbicularis palpebrarum muscle.
B L E P II A R0SYNDE8MITIS, Blephaxocon-
junctivitiff.
BliKPHAROTIS, OphthalmU tarsi— b. Glan-
dalurii< cunta;;io«a, see Ophthalmia.
BLEPIIAROTITIS, Ophthalmia UrsL
BLEPHAROTOSISp Ectropium.
B L E P U A R X Y 8'T UM, BUpKaroxyt'trum,
from , AtcJttpoi', * eyelid/ and (ow, * I scrape.' An
instrument uf^ed, by the ancients, for removing
callo«ii(ior!, which made their appeamnce in the
BfTc-'-tion called, by the Greeks, rpa;(w/ia. — Paulus
of iRi^ina. (iorra*ufl.
BLEPIIIL'IA HIRSU'TA, Okio Hortemint,
Hairy Hornemint ; an indigenous plant of the
Miut family, Labiatie, which has the aromatic
proporties of the Mints.
BLf.SITE. Blajsitaa.
BLESSintE, Abortion, Wound.
BLESTRIS'MUS. RosUessncss of the sick.—
Hippocrates.
BLETA. A word, used by Paracelsus for white
or milky urine, arising from diseased kidneys.
Blotn alba has the same meaning.
BLEU BE PRUSSE, Prussian blue.
BLEVILLE, MINERAL WATERS OP. Ble-
rillo is a village about two miles from Havre.
The waters are acidulous chalybeate.
BLIGHT IN THE EYE, Ophthalmia, catar-
rhal.
BLINDNESS, C»oitas— b. Colour, Achroma-
topsia.
BLISTER, V€9{cato*rium,Empla»'irum Venica-
to'n'Hin, Emplat'trum LjfttatEpi»p<u'ticHm^ Blitter
pl(i9tvrj from ve«i'ca, *a bladder,' (F.) Vfticatoiref
y^Hteant. Any substance which, when applied to
the skin, irritates it, and occasions a serous secre-
tion, raising the epidermis, and inducing a vesicle.
Various articles produce this efieot, as cantha-
ride^f muttardf garou, eupkorbium, garlic^ ammo-
nia, «&;c. Blisters are used as counter-irritants.
By exciting a disease artificially on the surface,
we can often remove another which may be at
the time existing internally. A perpvtwil bIi$Ur
Ss one that is kept open for a longer or a shorter
time by means of appropriate dressings.
Blihtrr or vt9icatioH alio means the vesicle
produced by vesicatories.
Blihtkr, Mao"istral, (F.) VStieatoire mngit-
trttL A prompt means of producing vesication
reomracndcd by M. Valleiz. It is prepared as
follows : — Take powdered cantharidet and irheat-
fioteer, of each equal parts j vinegar, a sufllclent
quantity to form a soft paste.
Blister Bkrtlr, Canthoris.
Blister Flt, Gantharis.
Blister Plaster, Blister.
BLTriTERWEED, Ranunculus acris.
BLISTERING FLY, Gantharis— b. Paper, s^
Hparaflrapum vesicatorium^-b. Tissue, Sparadra-
)mm vesicatorium.
BLITUM AMERICANUM, Phytolacca de-
eandra.
BLOOD, Anglo-Saxon, b1o&, from ble8an, 'to
bleed/ Sanguit, OrMor, Lapia anima'Un, Ilofma,
*«f^a, (F.) Sang. An animal fluid formed chiefly
(rom the chyle; acquiring important properties
t during respiradon ; entering erery fxtpai throogfc
the circulation ; distributing tbe nutritive princi-
ples to every texture, and the source of ereiy
secretion. The blood is white in the mullnscoui
and inferior animals, which have been, hene«^
called white-blooded, to distinguish them from
the red-bloodedf which class includes the mam-
malia, birds, reptiles, and fishes. Human blood
is composed of water, albumen, fibrin, an animal
colouring substance, a little &tty matter — httmo'
tela' urn, and difierent salts; as chlorides of potas-
sium and sodium, phosphate of Ume, eubcurbonat*
of soda, lime, magnesia, oxide of iron, and lactate
of soda, united with an animal matter. Arteriai
blood is of a florid red colour, strong smell, tempb
100° ; s. g. 1.049. Venou9 blood is of a brownish
red : temp. 98° ; s. g. 1.051. The difierence in
colour has given occasion to the first being cidled
red blood ; the latter, black. The former, which
is distributed from the heart, is nearly the s«m«
through its whole extent: the latter is the re-
mains of the arterial blood after the diifemt
elements have been taken from it in nutritionf
and probably dificrs in composition. It likewiaa
contains different substances absorbed. Venou
blood, taken from a vessel and left to itself, be-
comes solid, and separates into two dii^tinct partly
— the fertim or watery, supernatant fluid; and
the erwiT, eoag'ulum, erasaamen'tHm, kepnr mu
placen'ta wan'guinit, placen*ta crHo*ri$f in'Mt/a,
thrombutf or clot. The serum is chiefly water^
holding albumen in solution and the salts of th«
blood. The clot contains the fibrin, colouring
matter — Adsmo/otin, a little serum, and a smau
quantity of salts. M. Le Cann found the blood to
be composed — in 1000 parts — of water, 7S5.690;
albumen, 60.415: fibrin, 3.565; colouring raatlei^
119.626 ; crystallizable fatty matter, 4.HflO ; oUj
matter, 2.270 ; extractive matter soluble in aloo-
hoi and water, 1.920; albumen combined wiUl
soda, 2.010; chlorides of sodium and potassium;
alkaline phosphates, sulphates, and subcarbon-
ates, 7.it04 ; subcarbonate of lime and magneiiai
phosphate of lime, magnesia and iron, peroxide
of iron, 1.414; loss, 2.586. The four principal
components of the blood are fibrin, albumeD|
corpuscles, and saline matter. In the circulatimg
blood they are thus combined —
Albumen > ^ solution formhig Liquor Samgvi-
Salto. 'J ""•
Red Corpuiclci — inspended in the Liquor Saa«
guiuis.
In coagulated blood they are thus combined t
Fibrin, ) Forming the cra«taineNrM» or
Red Corpuscles, j clot.
Albumen, ) Remaining in BolutioUj forming
Salts, J terum.
The following tabic exhibits the eompatationc
of difi'erent physiologists regarding the weigfal
of the circulating fluid — arterial and venous.
Harvey,
Lister,
Moil I ins.
Abildgiiard,
Blunieiikacb,
I<ohb,
Lower,
Spreiifel 10 to 15
Giiiithor 15 to 90
Klake 101 lo I8|
Miiller and Burriach fif)
Wapiier. SOtoSS
Qiifiinai 57
F Iloflriiiann
H»ller seto
Voii
It
ins
Haniberrer.
Keill
M
.100
BLOOBINa
139
Tht proportbn ef atiMiAl blood to rraooa is
aboot 4 to 9.
Mttch ftUoBtion haa boon pftid to the rtrjuig
•ondUion of tho blood in ducuo. Tbo avan^
^^portion of eaob of tbo orguiio elements in
1000 iMtftc of bealthy blood b as fc^ows, aceord'
ing to Le Cann, and MM. Andral and Oarairet: —
fll^in, 3: red oorpasclesy 127; solid matter of the
MniB, 80 ; water, 790.
Dried hwrnam blood was, at one time, eonsi*
dered to be anti-epileptie; that of the goat, dried,
SangmU kirei neea'tut, sadoriiio and antipleu-
rotie. ^
Blood, Artkrial, see Blood — b. Black, see
Blood — ^b. Black, Vascnlar system of, see Vaseu-
lar — ^b. Casein, Olobnlin — b. Cerpnscles, Globules
of the blood — ^b. Disease, Hiematonosos — ^b. Disks,
Globnles of the blood — b. Dried, see Blood — b.
IjOss of, Hsmorrhagia — b. Red, see Blood — b.
Kedy system of, see Vascular — b. Spitting of,
Hssmoptysis — b. Venous, see Blood — b. Vomi^
Ing of, Usematemesis — ^b. White, Lymph.
BLOODING, BloodleUing.
BL00DLESSNE6S, AnsBmia.
BLOOD. LETTING, Mistt'o sen Deirae'tio
SoM'guimigf Hmmnxfu, CoUuehoM'mu; Blooding,
Bleeding, (F.) Saig^e, Bmi—ion tanguine, A
disehai^ of a certain quantity of blood prodnoed
Vy art : an operation which consists in making
■B opening into a yessel to draw blood from it
When practised on an artery, it is called Arieri-
ot'omy ; on a rein, Phlohofomy, Fefi«tee'(u>, Ve-
mMertion / and on the capillary resseb, loed or
cajnllary, in contradistinction to the former,
wnich is termed j^eaera^. Blood-letting is nsed
both during the existence of a disease, as in in-
flammation, and in the way of prophylaxis. It
is employed to fulfil rarious indicatioDS. 1. To
diminish tiie actual mass of blood; — when it is
iermed, by the French pathologists, Saignie Stfo-
etMiftM. In such ease, fluids ought not to be al-
lowed too freely afterwards. S. To diminish the tnr-
geseence in any particular organ — ( (F.) Saignie
rivuUivef BemUnve bhodUUing or bleeding, F«-
n^eeeftio revuleo^riiz, when performed fiv from the
part affected; and Saignie dirivative, when near.)
S. To diminish the consistence of the blood, (F.)
Saignie epoliative. The immediate effects of
blood-letting are: diminution of the mass of
blood and of heat; retardation of the pulie, and
sometimes syncope. Blood-letting from the veins
— •pkUboUmg, is practised on the subcutaneous
fetns of the neck, the lace, the fore-arm, and the
)og; sometimes on those of the hand or foot
7he necessary apparatus consists of a bandage
ttf riband, * compress of rag, and a lanoet or
^leam.
The Tclns seleoted for the operation, are, 1. Jn
4ke fold of the arm, Are; — the cephalic, basilic,
ihe two BMdian, and the anterior cnbitaL 2. Jn
ike hand, the oephalie and salratella. 8. 7a the
/ooif the great and little saphena. i. In the neek,
ih» external jugular. 5. Jn ike foreketul, the
ftotttaL 6. In the moaii, the ranine. The ope-
ration of phlebotomy in the limbs is performed
by ^ng a circular bandage round the limb, in
4Mrder that the subcutaneous reins may become
ftorgid by the course of the blood being ob-
otraoted : the bandage not being so tight, how-
•rer, as to compress the arteries of the Umb. A
poaetore is made into the rein, and the desired
quantity allowed to flow. The ligature Is now
remoTcd, and a compress and retaining bandage
applied. Capillary or loeal blood-letting is prac-
tised on the skin or muoous membranesi by
means of leaoheB^ the lanoet^ or cupping.
BtoonuntDra, Capxllabt, see Bloodlettb|^-«
b. Deriyatire, see Bloodletting — b. EvacnatiTS^
see Bloodletting — ^b. Geoeral, see Bloodletting —
b. Local, see Bloodletting — b. RevulsiTe, seo
Bloodletting — b. Spoliatiye, see Bloodletting.
BLOODLIXE, Sanguine.
BLOODROOT, Sanguinaria Canadensis.
BLOODSHOT, Hyp«r»mic.
BLOODSTONE, HsBmatites.
BLOOD VESICLE, Globule of the blood.
BLOOD VESSEL, (F.) Vaiwau •an.vuui.
yesiel destined to contain and convey blood.
Blood Vbbsel, brkakimg, bubstiko, buptus-
ixo OF A. Hsemorrhagia.
BLOODWEED, Asclepias curassarica.
BLOODWORT, Sanguinaria Canadensis.
BLOODY, Sanguin^eue, Cruen'tue, Sanguin^-
eoue, (F.) Sangnin, Having Uie character of
blood. Relating to blood. See Sanguine.
BLOOM, HONET, Apocynum androssBmifo-
lium.
BLOTA alba, Bleta.
BLOW, letue, Plegi, {¥,) Coup, Effect pro-
duced by one body striking another. The im*
pression made by any body which strikes us, or
against which we stnke ; — a common cause of
wounds, contusions, fractures, Ac.
BLOWING SOUND, ^ruil de Souffle.
BLUE-BELLS, Gentiana catesbaeL
BLUE-BERRT, Caulophyllum thalictroidee,
Lantana.
BLUE BOTTLE, Centaurea eyanus, Cyanus
segetum.
BLUE STONE, Cupri sulphas.
BLUET DBS MOISSONS, Cyanus segetun.
BLUSH, see Flush.
Blush, Cututsous, see Efllorescenee.
BOA, Boick, An eruption of red, ichorous pim*
pies. — Pliny. See, also, Hidroa and Sudamina.
Boa Upas, Upas.
BOJB, Syphilis.
BOBERRI, Curcuma longa.
BOCHIUM, Bronchocele.
BOCIUM, Bronchocele.
BOOKLET, MINERAL WATERS OF. Tho
springs of Booklet, in Bavaria, are acidulous
chalybeates.
BODT, Corpue, Soma, (F.) Corpe j from (Ten-
tonic) bodem, the 'fundus or bottom.' (?) The
humui body is the collection of organs which
compose the frame. At times, however, body is
used synonymously with trunk. We say, adso,
body <^ the femur, of the ephenoid, Ac, to desig-
nate the shaft or middle portion of those bones j
body of the uterue, Ac. Also, the rectum.
Bonr, Coming down of trb. Proctocele.
BODT-SNATCHER, ResuxrecUonisU
BOB, Cry.
BOELLI, Intestines.
BOETHEMA, Medicament.
BOG-BEAN, Menyanthes trifoliata.
BOHON UPAS, Upas.
BOIA, Boa.
BOIL, Furunoulus — ^b. Gum, Pamlis—b. Bfa-
llgnant, see Furuncnlus — ^b. Wasp's nest, see Fn-
mn cuius.
BOIS DE CAMpMcHE, Hssmatoxylum Cam.
pechianum — 6. de Chypre, Rhodium lignum — &•
de Couleuvre, see Strychnos — 6. de Maraie, Co-
phaluithns occidentalis — 6. de Plomb, Direa pa-
IttStris — b, Puant, Prunus padus — 6. de Bom,
Rhodium lignum--^, de Sappan, CsDsalpinia sap-
pan — b. Sudorijique, Wood, sudorific
B0IS8E, MINERAL WATERS OF. These
waters are situate about half a league from Fob-
tenay-le*>CoaptB, in France, They are purgatii^
BO/SSO!f. Drink.
BOtTE, (F.) A fca or eai
An apputtiu for tlis reosptioi
tlvmy Boila .
Irfftin. B. i
rr;
. Capta, Pfiit.
or uij uUMn
larvt. Id Smt-
tilt cue! cODUinias tfacn VBiioni InMi
Baiit du Crane u the bonj cuo which
the bruin. Batii ii, ilio, the portion of Uii
Item of tfa« trephine which recelTn the pjn,
mid or centrc-pln. BvUt d€ Pail i) « muhine,
luTenlcii b; U. Petit, to ratwD the trutnnd por-
tioDi of boo* in ippusitlon, vhea the leg hM been
frmclured in ■ complicated aumer. fioffi in, alio,
> kind of CMC pot before Mt lUtiflciai uiu to re-
«ive tfas tmre; which ire continuallj being dii-
Vharged. The Tulgar, In Franoe, giie the name
£vit« b> vuioiu arliculationa, — B. dt ginoti, B.
BOiTE-VEJ/r, Claudication.
BOlTIER, (F.) Appartil, Caj/nJa mgventn'-
na, ('njun'riBM. A Dremng-eaie. A boi, con-
taining *alT*» and different apparaloi', nied mors
panlcnlu-ly bj the droten in horpitali.
BOI; Bului— i. iPArmloii, Bole, Armroiui—
(. BtaK, Boln* alba.
BOLA, Mrrrha.
BOLCHON, Bdallinni.
BOLB, Bolu; (F.) Bat, Tsm Main, UMOt,
with the older wriUn, ugillaMoni etrth, aud
u an abiorhent Bnd aleiiphiixmla. The Tariona
bolu had different ronni giTCn to thev, and were
lUmptd, ai io the foUowing :
Bdi.! Abhi'itiiK, Bt4a Arm^niae, B. Ar'mi-
Kie, Argiria /«miyin'm rubra, A. Bol<u nhra,
Sinuipi'tU, Ama'mtn, Bolm Orimnta'lit, Bolia
Armtniaeo, B. Armt-nia. B. ntra, (F.) Bol
fArmlmt. A red, daye; earth, found not only
Id Armenia, but in teveral oonatiiei of Enrope, —
Id Toicany, Siletia, France, te. It wai odco
u a iljptio. It i« now, icarc^ly, if erer, nwd.
lieonnifta of argil, mixed wiUi luM and iron.
B0LESI8, CoraL
BOLESON, Bateam.
BOLET 0DORA.VT, Dsdilea niaTeoIsiit.
BOLETUS A0ARICU6, B. LaricI*— b. Alboj,
ButetDi laricii — b. Dinaideiu, Diedalea navao-
lent.
BOHl
iweata bi phlhi^ —
.typOe.
BOLETDB 0»lri»tr«, 1
B, laticii — b. Purgani,
Dsdalea aaaveoleni-
nuTeDleni—b. toachwood, Boletna igoianiu.
BOLI MASTIS, Femun tortari«aMm.
B0LI8M0S, Bonllmla,
BOLI'IES. The mnihroom ; perhapi tb*
igar'icut Aiu-aUiociH. — PtiD J, JUrttal, BtaUy-
Diui, Oalen. It WM go oalled, in eoDMqacMN
I of Iti ihape,— from Balu.
I BOLUS, P~X<,(, a morsel, a monthfti], abolt^
'"'"', A phajmaeeutical prepaialicn, haTinc
' abnpe, but larger; enable, howeTeri ca
rallawed ai a pUl.
I Albi, Ttrra SigHlo'la, ArgiPla paL
called tiffiliti'tii, from being commuiJj
Io imall cakei or flat maiua, and atampwl
impreadona.
i Eaci3i,»w'ic«, (F.) ifonlU, An
ealabio muahroom, found in (be wooda !n Eu-
rope, and much admired by Ga-lrBnomet. Itwu
furmerly eitcemed to be apbrodiuao.
OuLBTtiB Fni.TD«, B.igDiuiua — b. Hippoorepii,
B. igniarioa.
Bolb'tdi lanA'Rica. The lyatematii name
for the Ag'an'c, Agar'itm, Agar-icum of
Phannaoopieiaa, Agar'taa (Xfrnryo'nim, Age
icM Qttrcai tea ignia'riut, Poljip'orut ig*{a'riia,
It'ea, BoU'lut mngula'liu tea fulvHt »u kimo-
ere^iV aea o&tii'tu, Spimk, An'adou, Punk, Fun-
OHf Ignin'rint, Fimgrt QHepct'aiia, Agaric of tim
Oak, Tbiulxuad, ToialtKaod BoUlnt, fnnalt
Agaric, Titder, (Y.) Agaric dt cUme, Amadou.
ritr. Il wBi foraarlj much oaed by aurgeona aa
• Btjplio.
Bolb'tci L^B'icia, B. XoWei'aw, Fm'gui
lar'leii, Poln'onu offlrina'lli, Agar'icKi aibm
ten Lar-la; Pulgpfonu oJleiHa'IU, A. AlboM op'-
Umm, B. purgam, B. altai, B. agar-ifu, B. nffl-
tina-lu, mUt Agaric, (F.) Agarit blane. On
Uw cDuUnent of Europe it bu been giien aa a
(■Uurtio and emetic, ai wall aa to modara(« die ,
bloat, Terrr SigHlft, Argih ockrnut pSIe. It
waa uaed like Bole jtmcaiim, and vaa broi^t
&um Etruria. Saa Tarrak
BoLua, Alimeh'taST, Bol^a Mimcata'riHt.
The bole rormad by tfa* food, after it bai DDda-'
gone maatioatioD and InaabTalioii in the mouth ;
and beeik eolleetad npon tba longae prior to de-
glutition.
BoLci Omiim'ui. A kind of boUr earth,
odI; diitinguiahed fttim Bole Armenian in being
brought from Conataotinople. See Bole, Aim*-
BoLiTt RmHA, Bole, Amenian.
BOMA'REA SALSIL'LA. The inhabitaiilc
of Chili uee Ibla plant aa a indoriflo. It ia gir«a
in lufuiion In cutaneoaa diaeiaea.
BOUIJAX, Ooaaypiom.
BOMBEMEKT, Bombna.
BOMBl'B, AiJri^m fiwHua'tio, A. SiVitM, A.
Am'flu, A. Sutur'nu, (F.) fioiiieiwmt. A kind
of ringing or buuing In the ean; — characterixadf
aoeording to Sactasbi, by the perception of
blowi or beating repeated at certain inlarTal^
Alao, Borborygmaa. Sea Flatulence, and Tin-
BOUBYX MOHI, aee Serlenm.
BON, Coffaa Arabia*.
BONA. PbaaeoluB Tulgarla.
BONANMA OFFICIMALIE, Siufibi alb*.
BONA FEVER, aee Ferer, Bona.
BONDUE, GymDOeladoa Canadenila.
BONE, 0; Ot'itoa, Witmm, (F.) 0>, 8aio^
ban. Tba bonaa ar« the solid and hard part^
which form the Iwaia of the bodiea of animala
of the auperior daaaeij and the union of whleh
coneUtutea the ikcUlon. The human bod; ha^
I at the adult age, 208 bonea, withont inclodini
the 3! teeth, the oa» Wonniana, and th* aea*-
. moid bonea. Analomieta diiide them, from th^
shape, into 1. Lotig ioui, which form part of IW
limba, and repraaant columnt tor supporting th*
weight of (he body, or level* of different klndl
I for (he muaclas to act upon. 2. Flat baaa, whiah
form the parietca of aplanchnio earitiaa; and, 1.
Short boHrf, met with in parta of the bodj where
llidity ar
o difl'er*
eompacU Thcj afford, on analysia, much phoa*
phata and carbonate of Ume, a little phoapbala
of migneaia, phoapbate ef ammonia, oiidea of
iron and maoganeae, aome tnces of alumina and
ailica, gela(in, fa^ and water. The nies ol th*
bgnea are mentioned under each bone. Tbtf
give ahapa (o the body, contain and defend IM
Tiacara, and aet aa IsTen to the mnicleb
BOKBBINDEE
«ABLB ov m Bosrss.
m
BORBORTTS
OF
Bones
Crmnim
ofUw
Bones of Uw
Acs.
or
Bone of the
Bones of tlw
FronUl 1
Parieul 3
OcelpitsI 1
Trmporsl 9
Ethmoid 1
Splienoid 1
Superior Maiillary . . . . S
Jngsl or Cbeek S
NassI S
Lachrymal S
Palatioe 9
Inferior Spongy 9
Vomer ]
Inferior Maxillary .... 1
Incisores 8
Cutpidati 4
Molaies SO
Hyoid.. 1
Bums of
TkonK.
WtrtBtr^
\
MaUeos 9
Ineus 9
OrMcaUre 9
Bupes 9
Cenrical 7
OorMl 19
Lombar S
OF
Uf-
FM Ex-
Of Occffte ...
The Tktrmx, j
The PtlMf.
TheSlMtWir. I
The^ra.
Fne-mrm,
Otrput
or
WritL
OF
IfOWSm
EXTRB*
Mm.
The Tkigk.
The Lsg,
■\
£
T»r$u§
or
hfUp,
r* I MttaUrmu
\ PkmUngu
Sternum I
Ribs 94
Innominatam 9
Clavicle 9
Seapula 9
Humerus 9
Ulna 9
Radius 9
Navicolare 9
Lunare 9
Cuneirorme 9
Orbiculare 9
Trapezium 9
Trapesoides 9
Mafnum 9
Uncilbrme 9
10
98
Femur 9
Patella 9
Tibia 9
Fibula 9
CakisOs 9
Asiracalus 9
Cuboides 9
NsTiculare 9
CunrtlbrBie 6
, 10
...^ 98
ToUl, 940
Bonx-AcBy Osteoeopiu — b. Baek, Vertebral
aolnmn — b. Bar, Pubis, os — b. Blade, Scapula—
K Boat-like, Os leaphoidefl — b. Breast^ Sternum
— b. Crupper, Coooyz.
Bom Fbtbr, see Inflammation.
Bostm, Haukor, Ilion — ^b. Interparietal, Inter-
nariotnl bone — b. Romp, Coocyx — ^b. Share, Pa-
tb— b. Splinter, Fibula.
Boira KiPFERS, OtUnPewmy TWie'itlei, from
fsnco, 'I hold.' (F.) TenailU ineiHve, An in-
rtrament used for cutting off splinters and car-
tilages. It is a kind of forceps, the handles of
whieh are strong, and the edges^ which tonoh
eadi other, cutting.
BONBBINDER, Osteoeolla.
BONB.DOCTOR, Renoumr,
BONESET, Enpatorium perfoliatum— b. Up-
land, Enpatorium sessilifolinm.
BONE-SETTER, Renoueur,
B0NB8, BRITTLENESS OF THE, Fragilitas
•Minm— b. Friability of the, Fragilitas ossinm—
K Salt of, AmmonisB carbonas — b. Softening of
4be^ Mollities ossium.
B09IFACIA, Rnscns hypoglossvm.
BONNB DAME, Atriplez hortensis.
. B0NKB8, MINERAL WATERS OF. BonnM
is a Tillage six leagues from Pan, In the depart-
ment Bcutet Pyrinietf France. Here are several
thermal springs. They were celebrated as earlj
as the time of Francis I., under the name Eauao
cTArquebwade, They contain chlorides of sodium
and magnesium, sulphates of magnesia and lime,
sulphur, and silica. The temperature is from 78®
to 98° Fahrenheit
The factitiotu Ea.u de BoinnBg is made ot Htf»
drotulphuretted watery f^iy; pure water ^ Oj. and
f H^ss ; chloride of eodium, gr. xxx ; etUphate of
mcufnemtif gr. i
BONNET, Reticulum.
BONNET A DEUX GLOBES, Bonnet d^Hip*
poerate,
BONNET DfflPPOCRATE, Cap of Hip*
poe'ratee, Mitra Hippoerat'iea, Fae'eia capita' lie,
Pi'leue Hippoerat'teue, A kind of bandage, the
inrention of which is ascribed to Hippocrates.
It consists of a double-headed roller, passed over
the head so as to envelop it like a cap. Tha
French, also, name ity Bonnet d deva glohee,
Capeline de la tSte.
BONNYCLABBER, Clabber, from Irish,
fratne, 'milk,' and elabar, 'mire.' In Ireland,
sour buttermilk. In this country, the thick part
of sour milk.
BONPLANDIA ANOUSTURA, Cusparia
febrifuga — b. Trifoliata, Cusparia febrifuga.
BONTIA GERMINANS, Avicennia tomen.
tosa.
BONUS GENIUS, Peneedanum— b. Henrious,
Chenopodium bonus Henricus.
BONY, Osseous.
BOON UPAS, Upas.
BOONA, Phaseolus vulgaris.
BOOTIA VULGARIS, Saponaria.
BOOTIKIN. A glove with a partition for tha
thumb, but no separate ones for Uie fingers — like
ui infant's glove — made of oiled silk. — Dr. E. J.
Seymour. Horace Walpole speaks in raptures
of the benefit he derived from bootikins in gout.
BORAC'IC ACID, Ac"idum Borae"icum, Sal
tedati'vue Hombbr'oI| ^orte Add, (F.) Aeide
boraeique. An acid obtained from borax, which
was once looked upon as sedative. It was also
called Acor Boracf'icut, Sal vitrioli narcofieum,
Sal volat'ile Bora'cie, and Floree Bora'eis.
BORAGE, Borago ofiicinalis.
BORA'GO OFFICINA'LIS, Bugloe'emn w-
rvm, Bug. latifo'lium, Borra'go, Corra'gc, Bo"
rago korten'ns, Borage, (P.) Bourrache. Nat,
Ord. Boraginese. Sex. Sv9l, Pentandria Mono-
gynia. The leaves and flowers have been con-
sidered aperient
BORAS SUPERSODICUS, Borax.
BORATHRON, Juniperus Sabina.
BORAX, Borae Sodat, Sodtt Bibo'rae, Subbo^
rat Soda, Borat eupertat'unu todes, Soda Bo^
raxa'ta, ChrytoeoVla, Capit'trum auri, Subborate
of protox'ide of So'dium, Subprotobo'rate of So»
diuM, Borat Sodat alcalet'cent sen alcaWnum,
Borat tuperto'diciu, Borax Ven'etut, Subbo'rae
Na'trieum, Boraa^trion, Nitrum facti"tium, Ac.
Subbo'rate or Biborate of Soda, Borate of So€Ui,
(F.) Borate ou Sout-borate de Soude, Borate mr-
taturf de toude. It is found in an impure state in
Thibet and Persia. It is inodorous ; taste cool,
and somewhat alkaline; soluble in 12 parts of
water. Borax is seldom used except as a lotion
in aphthsB.
Borate of Mercubt has been recommended
as an antisyphilitic.
BORAXTRION, Borax.
BORBON'IA RUSCIFO'LIA. a small Soutk
African shrub, used in asthma and hydrothorax*
In decoction, it is given as a diuretio. — Pappa.
BOIiBOB,\}S, Fima».
BOBBORTOmiS
t4S
BOWBS DE8 E£aX
BORBORYG'MUS, from $op$opv^u, '1 make a
dull noise.' Murmur sen Bombut sea Motu§ /»-
teiftino'rumf Anile'maf Anile'tit, Omloptoph'tOy I%-
iona'tio intftina'liuy Murmur tfentris sen intetti-
ma'Uf BorboryffMf (F.) Gargouillemenif OromlU'
ment d'EntraiUe$. The noise made by flatus in
the intestines. This happens often in healUi,
eepeci&lly in nervous individuals.
BOlib, (F.) Margo, Edge, Margin, Anato-
misttf have so named the boundaries of an organ.
Thus, the bones, muscles, kc, have hord* as well
as bodies. The 'free edge,' hard librtf it one not
connected with any part; the 'adhering edge,'
hord adhSrtnt, one that it connected; and the
bord articulaire, or 'articular margin, or edge,'
that which is joined to another bone.
BORD OIUAIRE, Ciliary margin.
BORDEAUX, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Near this great city, in the south-west of France,
is a saline, chalybeate spring. It contains oxide
of iron, carbonate and sulphate of lime, chlorides
of sodium and calcium, sabcarbonate of soda, and
sulphate of magnesia.
BORE. Boron.
BO RONE, (F.) CoeUt, Unoe'ulnt, Lnteut,
Lu9cio'9u», One who has only one eye, or sees
only with one. The word has been used, figa-
ratively, for Hind, in surgery and anatomy. See
Cascus.
BORIUM, Boron.
BORKUAUSENIA CAVA, Fumaria bulboaa.
BORN ; past particle of btar, (F.) nL Brought
forth from the womb.
Born Aliyb. It has been deeided by BngUsh
Judges, that ' to be bom alire,' means that acts
of life must have been manifested after the whole
body has been extruded ; and that respiration in
tramitu it not evidence that a child was bom
alive. It mqflt be 'wholly horn alive;' henee res-
piration may be a sign of life, but not of Uw birtk,
BORON, Bo'Hum, Borum, (F.) Bore. A simple
substance, the basis of boraoie add ; obtained, by
heating potassium with boracio acid, as a dark
nlive-coloured powder, devoid of taste and smell.
Heated in the air or in oxygen, it is converted
Into boraeic acid.
BOR'OSAIL, ZaeL uSthiopian names for a
lisease, very common there, which attacks the
•rgans of generation, and appears to have oon-
d&rable analogy with syphilis.
BORRAGO, Borago officinalis.
BORRI, Curcuma longa.
BORRIBERRI, Curcuma longa.
BORSE, MINERAL WATERS OF. Borse it
c village in B^am. The waters are chalybeate.
BORUM, Boron.
BOSA. An iBgyptian name for a mass, made
of the meal of darnel, hemp-seed, and water. It
i. inebriating. — Prospero Alpini.
BOSCHESJSSMANSTUEE, Methys oophyl-
lum glaucum.
BOSOM, see Mamma.
B08SA, Plague token.
BOSSE, Hump, Protuberanoa— (. NataU,
Nasal protuberance.
BOSWELLIA SERRATA, tee Juniperas lyda.
BOTAL FORA'MEN, Fora'men Bota'U sea
BotaVUi ! the Fora'men ova'li, (F.) Trtm d%
Botal, Trou ovale. A large opening whidi exists
In the fostus in the partition between the two
auricles of the heart; and by means of which
the blood passes from one to the other. Its
iijfcovery is generally attributed to Leonard Bo-
liillus, Botal, or Botalli, who wrote in 1582. It
wot spoken of, however, by Yesalins, and eren
by OiJen.
BOTANE, Herb.
BOTANICAL DOCTOR^ Herb^ootor.
BO TANTQ UE m£dWALE, Botany, meAed.
BOT'ANY, MED'ICAL, Botan'iea Mtd^icm^
Medici'na Botan'iea, PKytolo^'ia med'iea ; from
fieravn, 'an herb,' (F.) Botantque Mfdieale. Tha
knowledge of the properties, characters, ke^ of
those vegetables which are used in medicine.
BOTAR'GO, (F.) Botargue, A preparation
made in Italy uad the south of France, with the
eggs and blood of the Mugileeph*alue or MuUetf
strongly salted, after it has become putresee&L
It is used as a condiment.
BOTARGUE, Botargo.
BOTHOR. An Arabic term for abecest in Hit
nares. It means, also, a tumour in general:
especially those which are without tolation of
oontinuity.
BOTIIRIOCEPH'ALUS, Botrioeepk'alue la-
tu9, Bothrioeepkfalum, Botrioeeph'alue, from fiet^
^ov, ' a small pit,' and cc^iy, ' head,' T^nia laiit,
T. vufga'rim, Lumhrifeut latue, Ptate'a, T. oe'emliM
lateralfibue gem'inie, T.grieea, T, membrana'eeOf
T, teneVla, T. denta'ia, T, Kuma'na iner'mit, HaV»
ffeie membrana'cea, T. prima, T, oe'cuU* laterdPm
ibue eolita'riie, T. ae^ak'ala, T, oecuiie '^P^lA'
eiixVibue, T, d cmneetux eourtt, T, non arme, rer
eolitaire, Broad Tape worm. Common in Swlt-
serland, Russia, and tome parts of France. li
inhabits the intestines of man, and extends to aa
enormous length. A broken specimen has bees
obtained 60 yards long. — Go^se.
BOTH'RION, Botk*rium, from Po^fSy 'a pit»
cavity,' Ac An alweolue or snuUl foei^a. A
small deep uloer on the cometu — Galen, Pinlu
of ^gina. See Fonette,
BOTHRIUM, Bothrion, FometU.
BOTHROS, Fovea.
BOTIN, Terebinthina.
BOTIUM, Bronchooele.
BOTOTHINUM. An obscure term, used hy
FaraceitiUH lo uvuote ihe most striking bymptoni
of a disease : — ^the Floe morbi,
BOTOU, Pareira brava.
BOTRIOCEPHALUS, Bothrioeephalus.
BOTRION, Alveolus.
BOTROPHIS SERPENTARIA, Actsa raee.
mosa.
BOTRTS, ChenopHodinm botrys, see Vitit vini-
fera — b. Ambroisioides, Chenopodium ambro-
sioides — b. Americana, Chenopodium ambrosioidei
— b. Anthclminticum, Chenopodium anthelmin-
ticnm — b. Mexicana, Chenopodium ambrosioidet.
BOTTINE, (F.) A ikin boot or buakin, O'erea
le'vior. An instrument, which resembles a small
boot, frimished with springs, straps, buckles, Ac^f
and used to obviate diistor^nt of the lower e>*
tremities in children.
BOTTLE-NOSE, Gotta rosea.
BOTTLE-STOOP. In Pharmaoy, an arraBge-
ment for giving the proper inclination to a bottlt
containing a powder, so at to admit of the eoB«
tents being readily removed by the knife, in ^Ht-
pensing medicines. It consists of a block of
wood with a groove in the upper surfkoo, to ra-
odve the botde in an oblique position.
BOUBALIOS, Momordioa elaterium, VolTa,
BOUBON, Bubo.
BOVCAGE MAJEUR, Pimpinella magna-—
b, Mineur, Pimpinella taxiftnga — h. Petit, Fbn-
pinella saxifraga.
BOUOHEy Mouth.
BOUCLEMENT, Infibulation.
BOUES DE3 EAUX, (F.) Pones MtnittOte,
BaVnea Octno'ea, The mud or twamp, fonneA
near mineral spring*, impregnated with the tab-
stances contained in rach springs, and oonto^
quently possessing similar properties. The Btmm
are applied generally and topically, in Fraaee^
at the tprings of St. Amand, Bagnftret de LaehMi,
B0VB8 MOriBJUSa
Itt'
SOVTOSmiMM
i
Bacnda, Bw6gct; in the tTnltod 6taftM» at tht
Vbito Sulphur in Virginia, Ac
BOUES MINSRALES, Bourn de$ «ai«».
BOCFFE, (F.) The small emineneey forMad
%j th« junction of the two lipa« — Dnlanrana.
BOUFFISSURE, Pafflneea.
BOUGIE, (F.) A wax candle: Cand^VtOay
Oaudt'ioy C, ee'rff Cand^la mediea'ta, Gs'rmim
medica*tum, Ceretdua Okirwrg&rwm, Bdi'dum,
Specil'ium et^remm, Viraa ec'reii, (Mftolma, A
flexible cylinder, yariable in riie, to be intro-
dneed into the nrethray oeaophi^^aay rectom, Ae.,
for the pnrpose of dilating these canals, when
oontncted. A A'Mpla Bom$i9 is eomposed of
aoUd and insoluble substances ; as plaster, elastie
gam, catgut, Ac li aets of ooune only meeh»-
Bktally.
Boc«», Mbi/ioatbv, (F.) B, If4dieam€tUemM,
hns the addition of some esoharotio or other sub-
ctance to destroy the obstacle ; as in the Camaiie
Bougit^ which hna a small portion of Lunmr Cbiie.
He or Common CauHie inserted In its extremity.
Dttcamp has recommended a Bougie, which swells
•ut near ita extremity, for the better dilating of
the urethra. This he calls B. d v€ntr$. The
metoUic Bongio, inrented by Smyth, is a compo^
sition of metal, allowing of great flexibility ; aftd
m hMow Bougie is one, with a channel running
through it, to be used in the same manner aa the
eatheter, or ottierwise.
BOUILLIE (F.)» P^io'ula, Papy from (F.)
houitUr, * to boil.' Flour, beaten and boiled with
milk. It is a common food for infants.
BOUILLON, (F.) from houiUir, * to boil,' /««,
Sorhit^'io, A Uqnid food, made by boiling the
flesh of animals in water. The osmasome, geLa-
tla, and soluble salts dissolve ; the fat melts, and
Ihe albumen coagulates. Bouillon is nourishing^
owin^ to the gelatin and osmazomc. The Ju» de
Viarnie is a very coneentrated Bouillon, prepared
of beef, mutton, veal, Ac.
BOUILLOlff in common language, in France,
■aeaos a round fleshy excrescence, sometimes
Men in the oentre of a venereal ulcer.
BOUILLON BLANC, Verbascum nigrum.
BOUILLONS uiDJCINAUX ou PHAB-
MACEUTIQUES, Medicinal or Pkarmaeeutic
BouiilonSf contain inliisions or decoctions of me-
dicinal herbc The BouiUon mac korbm is gene*
rally composed of torrei or be^.
BOUILLON d'OS, (F.) BomUon from homoe,
is obtained by treating bones with mnriatio add,
in order to dimolve the earthy parts. The gela-
tin, wbiah remains, is then boiled with a little
toeafc and vegelabl es ^— D *Arcet. Booillen, how-
ever, can be easily pbtained from the bones of
roast meat by simple cectiott.
BOUILLONNEMENT, BbnUitioD.
BOUIS, Buxus.
BOULB IfACIBR, Ferrara tartarisatum— (.
de- Mmre, Ferraa tartarisatitm — 6. 4i» JfoMeiai,
Femun ta«tariialam^6. de Nemcgy Ferram tar-
larisAtam.
BOULEAU COMMUN, Betala alba.
B0ULBSI8, Voluntac
BOULIM'IA, Bulim'ia, BuUm'iue, BufUmue,
BoufUmo^ Buiiu^ame, BoUmnoe, EeHm'iiM, Famee
esm'iM, A ppeti^ tm taminue, Appeten'tia cmni^na,
Adepka'gia, Cgnorex'ia, Ortafie e^mo'dee, Bupi'-
mof Bnpei^net, Pkagm'na, Phageda^un, Famee
Bofefma, F, LupCwm, fttfrnt 0outt ' an ox,' and XtfMt,
< hungar f or aom 09, augmentative particle, and
XtfiHf * hunger,' (F.) Boutimief Faim oamine, F,
diuoramie, Poigpkagie, An almoai hsaatiable
huagsr. A eanine appet it e. It ia sometimei
wttm. in hyiteriA aod pNguaey;
•cher eirenmstanoes.
BOVLUOB, BanUialfti
rwaly nndsf
BOULOOKS, MIITBRAL WATERS OF.
Boulogne is in the department of Pas-de-Calali,
France. The waters are chalybeate.
BOUQUET ANATOMIQUE DE BJOLAN,
(F.) from hcmmtei, a eollection of flowers or other
sabstances tied together. A name given, by some
anatomists, to the collection of ligaments andi
muscles, inserted into the styloid process of the
temporal bone
BouQDBT FxvKB, Denguo.
BOURBILLON, see Fumneulns (core.)
BOURBON-LANCT, MINERAL WATERS
OF. Bourbon-Lanoy b a small village in the
department of SaAne-et- Loire, France; where
there are thermal saline springs, containing car-
bonie aeid, chloride of sodium, and sulphate of
soda, chloride of calcium, carbonate of lime, iron^
and eiUca. Their heat U from I08» to 135o
Fahrenheit.
BOURBON L'ARCHAMBAUT, MINERAL
WATERS OF. This town is in the department
of Allier, six leagues west from Moulias, and
has been long celebrated for its thennal ohaly*
beate waters. They contain snlphohydric acid,
sulphate of soda, magnesia, and lime, carbonate
of iron, and silica. Their temperature varies be*
tween 136° and 145° Fahrenheit.
BOURBONNE-LES- BAINS, MINERAL
WATERS OF. These springs are seven leagues
from Langres, department of Haute -Mame>
France. They are thermal and saline, and have
been long celebrated* Temperatnre from 106^
to 133° Fahrenheit. The FaeUtioue water, {¥.)
Earn de Bourhonm e h e^Baine, Aqua Borvoaeweief
is compoeed of ^MBter, containing twice its bulk
of earbouie aeid, tXxxM ; ddoride of eodium,
fgj, eUoride c/eo/stum, gr. x, Ac
BOURBOULE, MINERAL WATERS OF.
A village near Mount d'Or, where there are two
thermal saline springs.
BOURDAINJS, RhamnuB frangnla.
BOURDONNEMENT, Tinnitus aurinm.
BOURDONNET, Pulvil'lue, P. e linamen'tie
eon/ee'tue, P, rotun'due, DoeeiL A term ia French
surgery for charpie rolled into a small mass of
an olive shape, which is used for plugging wounds^
absorbing the discharge, and preventing the
union of their edges. In cases of deep and pene-
trating wounds, as of the abdomen or chest, a
thread is attached to them by which they may
be readily withdrawn, and be prevented from
passing altogether into those cavities.
BOUROENE, Rhamnus frangula.
BOURGEON, Granulation, Papula— i. Charm
an, Oranulation.
BOURGEONS, OutU rosea.
BOURRACHE, Borago officinalis.
BOUBRELET (F.), A Pad, % Border. A
fibro-cartilagiaous border, which surrounds oer«
tain articular cavities, such as the glenoid cavity
of the scapuln and the acetabulum ; by which tba
depth of those cavities is augmented.
BOVBRELBT ROVlA, Comu ammonia.
BOURSE a BEROER, Thlaapibataa— 6. A
PoMteur, Thlaspibcnrsa.
BOURSES, (LES,) Serotom.
BOURSOUFLURB, Pufinesa.
BOUTON, Papula— «. ^AU^, see Anthrax-i-
h. Matin, sea Anthrax — 6. vOr, RanunciduB
aeris. .
BOUTONNIEBS (F.), Fieeu'ra, Intit^io. A
small incision made into ^e urethra to extract a
calculus from the oanal, when it is too large ta
be disebargad.
Also, a smidl incision or puncture, made in tha
Eitoneum, or above the pubis, to penetrate the
dder in aartaib eaaaa pi rstentfoB of urinab
BOVAGHJEYO
la
BRADT8UKU.
BOYACHEVO, Datnn MBgoinaa.
BOVILLiB, Rubeola.
BOVISTA, Lycopordon.
BOWEL, Intestine.
BOWLEGIJED, see Cnemofcoliosb.
BOWMAN'S ROOT, Euphorbi* oorollata, Gil.
Unia trifoliato, Leptandria parpurea.
BOXUEKRY, Gaultheria.
BOX, MOUNTAIN, Arbutns ura nrai.
BOX TREE, BuxuB, Cornni Florida.
BOXWOOD, CornuB Florida.
BOY All, Intestine.
BRAUVLON, Pranam Damaaeeniim.
BRAOiERIOLUM, Truia.
BRACUERIUM, Truss.
BRACUIA COPULATIYA, see Peduncles of
the Cerebellum.
BRACUIA PONTIS, see Peduncles of the
Cerebellum.
BRAOILEUS, Brachial — b. Infcemns, Bra-
ehialis anterior.
BRA'ClilAL, Brackia'lis, Braekim'tu, from
BrachiuiHt * the ami.' What belongs to the arm.
Bracuial Ai'ONRItro'sis. An aponeurosis,
formed imrticulorly by expansions of the tendons
of the latiffiiuus dursi, pectoralis major, and del-
toides muselci', and which completely envelops
the muffulcs of the arm.
Brachial Artkry, Arte'ria hrackia'ltBf Hu''
WMral Artery J (F.) Artire ou Trone brachial.
The artery, which extends from the axilla to the
bend of the elbow ; where it divides into A, cubi'
talit and A. rudmlit. It passes along the inter-
nal edge of the biceps, behind the median nerve
and between the accompanying reins. Under
the name Brachial Artery, M. Chaussier includes
the BulH-Iavian, axillary, and humeral, the last
being the brachial proper.
Brachial Muscle, Aittrrior, Mu^eulua Bra-
chia'liM Ante'rior, Brachia'Ut inlemiM, B, anti'"
cti«, Brachia'mif Brnchia'u* titfemtft, (F.) Mutcle
brachial interna, Humiro-cubital — (Ch.) This
muscle is situate at the anterior and inferior part
of the arm, and before the elbow-joint It arises,
fleshy, from the middle of the os humeri, and is
inserted into the coronoid process of the ulna.
CTte. Tu bend the fore-arm.
Brachial Plkxvh, Plextu Braehia'lit, is a
nervous plexus, formed by the interlacing of the
anterior branches of the last four cervical piurs
and the first dorxnl. It is deeply seated in the
hollow of the axilla, and extends as far as the
inferior and lateral part of the neck. It gives
off the thoracic nerves, §upra and infra tcopHlar,
and the brachial (which are six in number,) the
axillary, cutaneoua, mutculo'Cutaneomt, radial,
eubitaly and median.
Brachial Veins are two in number, and ac-
company the artery, frequently anastomosing
with each other : they terminate in the axillary.
Under the term Brachial Vein, Chaussier in-
cludes the humeral, axillary, and subclavian.
BRACHIALE, Carpus.
BRACIIIAL'GIA, NeuraVgia Brachial*,
from fipax'ov, * the arm,' and cAyof, ' pain.' Pain
in the arm, neuralgia of the arm.
BRACIIIALIS, Brachial— b.AnUcu8, Brachial
muscle— b. Externus, see Triceps extensor oubiti
— b. Internns, Brachial muscle.
BRACHIKRIUM, Truss.
BRACIIILE. Truss.
BRACHILUVIUM, Bath, arm.
BRACHIO-CEPHALIC ARTERT, Innomi-
natA artcria — b. Veins, Innominatss vena.
V B R A 'C II I O-C U' B I TAL, Braehio-eubita'lis,
^Hiat which belongs both to the arm and cubitus.
This name has been given to the internal lateral
Ji^amont of the elbow-joint; because it is at-
tached to the OS brachii or os humeri and to Ai
oubitos or ulna.
BRACHIOCYLLO'SIS, from /Spaxttfv, ftko
arm,' and ciAXm^i (, ' the act of making crooked.'
Curvature of the arm inwards.' Paralysis or ]am
of power from curvature of the arm.
BRACHION. Brachium.
BRACUION'CUS, from fipmxitt*, 'the am,'
and ovco(, ' a swelling.' A tumour of the arm.
BRA'CHIO-RA'DIAL^^racAto-rfufiV/it. Thai
which belongs to the brachium and radius. This
name has been applied to the external ]at«nl
ligament of the elbow-jointy because it is attached
to Uie humerus and to the radius. See Supinator
radii longus.
BRACniORRHEU'MA, Bheumatit'mut hrm'-
chii, from ppa^wv, 'the arm,' and flfv/io, 'defliu-
ion, rheumatism.' Rheumatism or the arm.
BRACUIROLUM, Truss.
BRA'CHIUM, Bra'ckion, lacer'tv*, (F.) Brma^
the arm. The arm from the shoulder to the wris^
or the |»art between the shoulder and elbow. Set
Humeri, Os.
BRA'cHirv Antb'rius. a ronnded proeoH^
which passes from Uie anterior pair of the cor-
pora quadrigemina {natet) obliquely outward!
into the thalamus opticus.
Brachium Movbks Quartts, Latiss imns donL
Bra'chium Posts'rius. a rounded proccM^
which passes from the posterior pair of the qaa>»
drigemina ((e«fe«) obliquely outwards into th«
optic thalamus.
BRACHUNA, Nymphomania^ Satyriasis.
BRACIIYAU'CHEN, from fipux^t* 'short,' and
nx^T't ' neck.' One who has a short neck.
BRACHTCEPH'ALiB, (Gentes) ' short head^*
ftrom Ppaxytf * short,' and m^aXif, ' head.' In tha
classification of Retsius, those nations of mc^
whose cerebral lobes do not completely cover th«
cerebellum — as the Sclavonians, Fins|, Persian^
Turks, Tartars, Ac.
BRACHYCURON'IUS, from fifrnx^t, 'short,"
and xpovof, ' time.' That whieh eontinueo hut •
short time. A term applied to diseasea whU
are of short duration. — Galen.
BRACIiYGNA'THUS, from /3p«x»ff» *«h«^'
and yvatfof, ' the under jaw.' A monster with to*
short an under jaw. — Gurlt.
BRACnYNSIS, AbbreviaUon.
BRACHYPN(EA, Dyspnoea.
BRACHYP'OTI. from ^x»c> 'shorty' aaa
ronrc, ' drinker.' They who drinlc little^ or who
drink rarely. Ilippoc., Galen, Foesius.
BRACIIYRHYNTIIUS; from fymxytf '•hcrt»'
and p^Yxtt 'snout.' A monster with too sheet a
nose.
BRACHYSMOS, AbbrevUUon.
BRACING, Corroborant
BRACKEN, Pteris aquilina.
BRADYiBSTHB'SIA, from 0fa9vf, 'difflddV'
and aioOtivtf, * sensation.' Impaired
BRADYB0LISMU8, Bradyspermafeismi
BRADYECOIA, Deafness.
BRADYLOG''IA, Dytla'lia; from 0pe4*r, «diB*
cult, and Xovof, 'a discourse.' Difficulty of speodi.
BRADYMASE'SIS, BradwmatBt'M, impvo-
perly Brady matite' tit, Mandnea'tio diffit^'iUt,
from fipaivs, 'difficult,' and M«ir#iCy 'mastica*
tion.' Difficult mastication. See Dysmascna.
BRADYMASTESIS, Bradymasesis.
BRADYPEP'SIA, Tarda eib</rvm coaeM^tM^
from 0paivs, ' slow,' and rtvrw, ' I digest.' Skm
digestion.— Galen. See Dyspepsia.
BRADYSPERMATIS'MUS, BradybeWmm^
Ejaeula'tio 0em'ini* imped' ita, DytpermaUifmim^
from Pfahvi, * slow,' and nt^ti, ' sperm.' A dow
emission of sperm.
BRADYSU'RIA, TeaM'miis vmftm^ (f^ t€-^
BBABTTOOU
ttf
BBEAD
vMeal, ttem 0pni9t, 'difflenlV tad wpcir,
' to pan the urine.' Painftd eraeuifctioB of the
urine, with perpetual deeire to roid it Dviurta.
BRADYTOeiA, Dyitoeia.
BRAG'UET, Braggart, Bramoort A name
formerly applied to a tisao of noney and water.
Boo Hydromeli.
BBAf, LIQUIDB, aoo Pintu lylyeatrU — 6.
Sftf Cotophonia.
BRAIN, Cerebram — ^b. Fag, see Nerrons dia>
thesifl — \i. Little, Cerebellum — ^b. Pan, Graniom.
BRAINE, MINERAL WATERS OF. Braine
ia a f mall village, three leagues from SoisBons,
France, which has purgatiYo waters similar to
tboM of Pa^sy.
BRAKE, COMMON, Pteris Aquilina^b. Rock,
Polypodiom vulgare, Polypodium incannm-— b.
Root, Polypodium vulgare.
BRAMBLE, AMERICAN HAIRT, bm Rubns
fratieoeus — b. Common, Rubns fimticosus.
BRAN, Furfur.
BRANC-URSINS BATABBB, Heracleom
apondylium.
BRANCA GERMANICA, Heracleum spondy-
Unm — b. Ursina, Acanthus mollis — b. Vera, Acan-
thus mollis.
BRANCH, from (F.) BraneU, originally, pro-
bably, from /9pa>^iwv, 'an arm,' (?) because branches
of trees, Ac, go off like arms. A term applied,
generally, to the principal division of an artery
or nerve. The word is commonly used synonv-
moualy with Jiamus; but often, with the French,
^rancAe signifies the great division; — Bameau,
Lat Bamuay the division of the branches; and
BamM9eule»f Lat Bamuteuli, the divisions of
these last.
The French, also, speak of the hranehe* of the
Kbis for the Bami of that bone, branches of the
ihium for the rami of the ischium, Ac.
BBAIiCffES LE LA MOJSLLE ALLON^
QiB {PETITES) Corpora PsstiformiA.
BBANCHI, Branck<B, Swellings of the ton-
■ils, or parotid, according to some ; — of the thy-
roid gland, according to others.
BRAN'CUIA, (Or.) S^yX^a. The gUls or re-
spiratory organs of fishes, coxTespon<i^g to the
lungs of terr&strial animals.
BRANCHUS, &^rx»i, Bauc^do. A catarrhal
affection of the mucous membrane of the fauces,
trachea, kc — Galen. Hoarseness.
BRANCI, Cynanche tonsillaris.
BRANCIA, Vitrum.
BRANDY, (G.) Branntwein, Dutch,
Brandwijn, 'burnt wine.' Vinum adut'tum
sea erema'tum, Aqua Vit&, (F.) Eau dt vie, (S.)
Aguardiente, The first liquid product obtained
by distilling wine. It is composed of water, al-
cohol, and an aromatic oily matter, which gives
H its flavour. Brandy is a powerful and diffusi-
ble stimulanty and as such is used in medicine.
It haa been also called Liqu&r AquiU*giu§» See
Bpirit
BsAHsr, Applk, see Pyms malni — b. Egg,
we Ovum.
BBANK8, Cvnanehe paiotidssa.
BRANRURSINB Acanthus mollij.
BBANNTWEIN, Brandy.
BRAS. See Oryta.
BBAS, Brachium— ^. <fii CerveUt, Corpora res-
lifomia.
BRASDOR'S OPERATION FOR ANEU-
RISM. An operation by ligature, proposed by
Brasder, whioh consists in the application of the
ligatnre on the distal side of the tumour.
BRAS^GUR, MINBRAL WATERS OF.
BrasCgnr is a place in the diooesa of Rhodes,
whare there are oathartio waters.
10
BRASSNIA, 6. Hydropeltls.
BRASs'inA Htdropbl'tis, Brase'niaf B. ptlU
ta'ta, Hydr&peVti9 purpu'rwa, Gelat'iua aquarieOf
Frogleaf, Little Water Lily, Water Jelly, WaUr
ehield, Deer/ood, An indigenous plant, JVaf. Ord,
Rannnculacese, Sex, Syt, Polyandria Polygynia,
flourishing from Kentucky to Carolina and Flo-
rida; and covering the surface of ponds, marshesi
Ac. The fresh leaves are mucilaginous, and hav«
been used in pulmonary complaints, dysentery^
Ac, like Cetraria.
Brasenia Pbltata, B. Hydropeltis.
BRASH, WATER, Pyrosis.
Brash, Wkakiitg, Atroph'ia Ahlaetatchrwm,
A severe form of diarrhoea, which supervenes at
times on weaning. The Maladie de OruvilM*^
appears to be a similar affection.
BBASILETTO, see Casalpinia.
BRASIUM, Malt
BRASMOS, Fermentation.
BRASS, Sax. bpar, WeUh, pr6s. Auriclmff*
eum, Orichal'ctm, jEeecavum, Chryeoekal'ee^
(F.) Strain. A yellow metal, formed by mixing
copper with calamine. The same general remariu
apply to it as to copper. See Cuprum.
BRAS'SICA, Cramhi, Bra^eiea olera'eemi A
eapita'ta sou eutna'na of the old Romans. Th«
Cabbage, (F.) Okoupotager, Family, Craeifetv.
Sex, Syet, Tetradynamia Siliqnosa. Cato wrote
a book on its virtues. It is a vegetabW by no
means easy of digestion when boiled ; whoa raw,
it appears to be more digestible. When forming
a soUd globular mass, like a head, it is the j£
Capita' ta, (F.) Okou-Cabue, Ckau PommS.
SRA88ICA Cahika, Mercuiialis perenus — K
oapitata, Brassica — b. Cumana, Brassica.
Bras'sioa Eru'ca, B. hie^pida, Eru^ea, E^/ce*'
tida sen eati'va, Sina^pie eru'ea, Sitym^briuw^
erucae'trum, Oardeu Boehet, Boman Bocket, Ac,
(F.) Chon Boquette, Boquette* This was consi-
dered by the Romans an aphrodisiac, — C<^a-
mella. The seeds were cwdinarily used.
Bras'sica Flor'ida, — Braa^eiea Pompeia'mm
of the ancients — the Caulijlowr, OauHe Flor'idm,
(F.) CkoU'JUw, is a more tender and digestibla
variety.
The Broe'eoii, B. SaheFliea of the Romans, B.
Ital'ica, belongs to this variety.
Brassica. Hispid a, B. eruoa — b. Italica, B.
Florida — b. Marina, Convolvulus soldanella.
Bras'sioA Napub, Napue SyheetrtM, Bunia»,
Bape, (F.) Navette, The seed yields a quantity
of oil.
Brassica Nigra, Sinapis nigra — b. Oblong%
B. rapa — b. Oleraoea, Brassier— b. Pompeiana, B.
Florida.
Bras'sica Rapa, Bapa rotun'da sen eHon'gm^
Bapwn majue, Bapa uapue, Sina'pit tubero'eeig
Turnip, (F.) Chou navet, Navet, Bare, The tur-
nip is liaole to the same olijection (bat to a ]am
extent) as the cabbage.
Brassica Sabbllica, B. Florida.
BRATHU, Junipems sabina.
BRATHTS, Junipems sabina.
BBA YEB, Truss.
BRAYERA ANTHBLMINTICA, Hagenla
Abyssinioa.
BRAZIL WOOD, CsBsalpinia eebinata.
BREAD, see Tritieum.
Bread. Glutbit. Bread made of wheat dougH
deprived of the chief portion of its staroh by
washing. Bread, made of gluten only, cannol
be eaten, on account of its hardness and tough-
ness ; hence one fifth of the normid quantity of
starch is allowed to remain, aod in this fona th«
BREAD-FRUIT
146
BBOISMBKT
bread is dnld to be tolerably light* eatable^ and
moderately agreeable.
Bread, Uousehold, Synoomietos.
BREAD-FRUIT TREE, Artocarpus.
BREAST, Thorax, Mamma— b. Abaceea of the,
Mai>todynia apostcmatosa.
BREAST-GLASS,.lfi7ik-9^iM. A glaaa applied
to the nipple to receire the milk when secreted
copiously by the mamma.
Brrast, Ihkitablb, Neuralgia Mammn.
BREAST-PANG, SUFFOCATIVE, Angina
pectori.'i.
BREAST-PUMP, AnUia Lactca.
BREATH, Sax. bpave, Nal'itiu, AnhePihUf
An'imiUf Spir'itutf At' mot, (F.) Haleine, The
air expelled from the chest at each expiration.
It requires to be studied in the diagnosis of tho-
racic diseases especially. See Respiration.
Breath, OrrRNs'iVE : Fator OH*t CatoHoma-
to^phre'tidy HaVxtut orU /tx'tidutf Ozi. An offon-
rive condition, which is usually dependent upon
curious teeth, or some faulty state of the secre-
tions of the air passages. The internal use of the
chlorides may be adyantageous. "
Breath, Saturxii^e, see Saturnine — ^b. Short,
Dyspnoea.
BREATHING AIR, see Respiration.
Brbathino. Dtfpicultt of, Dyspnoea.
BBECHET,{F.) The Bntket. This name is
given in some parts of France to the cartilago
t*u{formi^^ and sometimes to the stemom itselh
I3RECHMA, Bregma.
BRECHMU8, Bregma.
BUEplSSUBE, (F.) Tritmuu CajnHra'tut.
Incapacity of opening the month, in consequence
of preternatural adhesion betwA«n the internal
part of the cheek and gums ; often occasioned by
the abuse of mercury.
nPF:DOrrr..r.F!VEyT, (F.) Tituhnn'tia, A
prucipitate and indistinct mode of utterance, in
which a part only of the words ia pronounced,
and several of the syllables viciously changed.
This defect is analogous to stuttering, but differs
from it in beiuq; dependent on too great rapidity
of speech ; whilst stuttering is characterized by
continual hesitation, and firequent repetition of
the some syllables.
BREED. Race.
BREEDING, Generation, Pregnant.
BRBEDixa, Cross. The act of raising or breed-
ing from different stocks or families.
Breedixo-in-and-117. The act of raising or
breeding from the same stock or family.
BREGMA, Brechmaf Breehmut^ from /?pc;^cir,
'to sprinkle;' FontnneVla, Sin'ciput, The top
of the head was thus culled, because it was be-
lieved to be humid in infants ; and, according to
fiome, beoauiie it was conceived to correspond to
tiie most humid pnrt of the brMn.
BREGMATODYMIA, see Cephalodymia.
BREWING, Burning.
BREPHOCTONON, Cony«a sqnarrosa.
B R B P 11 T ROPUE'UM, Ectkelobrephotro-
phe'umf from fi^vpoty *a new-born child,' and r^o-
fdv^ * to nourish.' A foundling hospitaL
BHESILLETy Cnsalpinia sappan.
BRE'VIA VASA, Sliort Vt-^U, This name
has been given to several branches of the splenic
arteries and veins, which are distribated to the
great cul-de-tac of the stomach.
BREVIS CUBITI, see Anconeus,
BRICK. (F.) Brique. Hot bricks are some-
times used to apply heat to a part, as to the ab-
domen in colic, or after the operation for popli-
teal aneurism : or. reduced to very fine powder,
•nd mixed with fat, as an application to herpetic
and psorio affections.
BuGKB, /'omaeea TtHa or Tilet were for-
merly bmised in vinegar, and the Uqnid wai
as a specifio in cataaeous affections. They en-
tered, also, into a eerate used for sorofalona Im-
mours, Ac To the Terra Forna'cum, or Brick
tarthy the same virtues were assigned.
BRICUMUM, Artemisia.
BRIDE (F.), A bridle. Fr^'nulum, Beti-
nae'ulum. This term ia given, in the plural, to
membranous filaments, which are found witlifai
abscesses or deep-seated wounds, and which pra-
vent the exit of pus. The term is, also, appliad
to preternatural adhesions, which oceur in cioa-
trices of the skin, in the uretlira, or in inflanMd
serous or synovial membranes.
BRIER, WILD, Rosa canina.
BRiGUrS DISEASE OF THE KIDNET,
see Kidney, Bright's disease of the.
BRIGHTON, CLIMATE OF. The air of tUi
fashionable watering place, on the south coast of
England, is dry, elastic, and bracing. Aecordlag
to Sir James Clark, its climate appears to the
greatest advantage in the antumn and early part
of the winter ; when it is somewhat milder and
more steady than that of Hastings. Accordingly^
it is adapted for all cases in which a dry and
mild lur at this season of the year provea beiia-
ficiaL In the spring months, owing to the pre-
valence of, and its exposure to, north-east windi^
the climate is cold, harsh, and exciting to th«
delicate. It is well adapted for convaleaocntiy
and for all who require a dry and bracing wtm
air.
BRIMSTONE, Sulphnr.
BRINE, Muria.
BRINTON ROOT, Leptandria pnrpnraa.
BRION, Corallina.
BBIQUE, Brick, '
BRIQUEBEC, MINERAL WATERS OV.
This town is three leagues from Cherbourg, fm.
France. The water contains chloride of iron.
BBISE-PIEBBE ABTICUL^, (F.) An ia-
strumcut invented by Jacobson for cruahing tha
stone in the bladder.
BRISTOL HOT WELL, Brittoh'en'M Ap^,
Bristol is about thirteen miles from Bath, in.
England. The water is an almost pure Uiermal:
slightly acidulated. It contains chlorides m
magnesium and sodium, sulphate of soda, avl-
phate of lime, carbonate of lime, carbonic aeid^
oxygen and azote. Temperature, 74® Fah. The
Hot Well has been long oelebratcd. Ita action
is like that of thermal waters in general. The
climate of Bristol is mild, and hence the water
has been celebrated for the cure of incipient pul-
monary consumption. See Clifton.
BRIZOCERAS, Ergot
BROAD', Sax. bpa8, Lotus, (F.) Large, Aay
body is so termed whose transverse extent te
considerable compared with its length. The
Broad Bonvt, such as the frontal, parietal, occi-
pital, iliac, aid in forming the parietea of splanch-
nic cavities. Broad Muscltt generally oeenpy
the parietes of cavities, and especially those of
the chest and abdomen. The epithet has alao
been applied to other parts — as to the broad li/o-
mrutu of the womb, Ac
BROCCOLI. Brassica sabeUiea.
BROCHOS, /?poyo(, Laqueut, A bandafpe.
BROCH'THUS. /Jpo^V. Gula, The throat
Alfio, a kind of 5mull drinking vessel. — Hipp.
BROrUUS, iipox9t. This name baa been given
to one who has a vi-ry prominent upper lip. Ac-
cording to otherfi, it means one whose teeth pre-
ject in front of the mouth.
BRO'DIUM. A synonym of Jm or Jtta^cmftntm
Broth, or the liquor in which any thing is boiledL
Brr/dium talin — a decoction of ^t
BROIEMENT, see Cataract, LaoeraUoa.
BBAKZH DO&ES 1.
BROKCX DOSES, Ke Doisi, broken.
BROKEN-HINOEDNESS, Aallimi.
BEOMA, Aliaeat, Bromiao.
3BM1UT0KCCRISIS, LumUr;.
^"*" 'iTOG'RAPHT, Anwubyra^'io, Bra.
BrBmograpk'ia, ftiim fffm/ia, ' food,'
k dataiiiCiDU.' A iteioiiptiaD of ikli-
BBOHATOL'OST, JBromalBlos''ia, Siliefaffg,
Irta ifr^, ■ fogd," Mid XryM, ' n discooriia.' A
BRaMB, Bmnloe.
BBOMEORASS, Bromiu dllfttaa — b. Soft,
BROMB-LIA ANAKAS, eiOted tfUir Olaui
BnuBcl, ■ 9«c<te. Cur'ifuH Orattila'nMi. ^»u'-
^M'ww or /■.« ApfL A Weil iDdia Wee,
wbicih prodnfw Ihi mort dcliiiotu u( fruiu.
BaOHk'ui PnODU, A■a')l(wAlKr»a'■u,/'i^-
■«^ Br9ad-Uav«I v,Ud Smi'mu, Ac. The Wixt
Indim pUnI, whieb tlTanb tbs Pingmn fruit. Tbc
frsu ii rafrixennt, ud tt>D Juice, wbcn Hpe, T«r;
•uura. It u used Co ■cidulnM puucb. A nine
ii tude from Ibe Pingaia, wbivb ii ver; inloii-
ttting, and hu ■ good Siiuur.
BBOHIC, /7roW«H .- .iniB etymon u Bro-
BROUtDB OF IBON, acs BromioB — b. of
St»ut7, an BiQBiiBe — b. of PoUunima, eea
BROMIDRO'SIS, froni Sf-ft, '>lcncb,'»nd
BROMINB, Bro'miitam, SromMiiini, Broma,
B'vmim'tmm, Bra'miim, Bn/miiia, Bramum, ita'-
rima. M<.nd4, Bremr. A simple bodr, of t. YfTj
ToUiOe nUuro, mi bigbl; ofFeti>[va uid luflo-
aliag odtHT. •rbsnoe iu nnnie, teom fiptpts, 'a
Mweb.' It » met wilb cbicar in KkB-wUer. and
tkweja. Il bai libewiae been found in manj
BDnml vaten of IbU and otber eoaoUlei. Id
it* (3innieal relulani, it maj be placed betveen
chtarlna and l«dine. With oxjgea it formn aa
tmi, — tbe Bromie, and with bjdrogen aaolbiir —
Pcu Baovm, Brohide or lanii, (doae, gr. i
•r^,] acd BnoKiDE or PoTAisitK, baro been
■sad mediciaally, and cbieS; in gnroMoaiSi —
IB veil aa applied •ntemallj. Bro-
c ma; be diuolved in forty parta of diidllsd
water, and «i dropa 1m oomapnoed nitb aa a
dcML Bmoia»K%aylSw,KCVBT(HMdrar'-/yriBra'-
■Mo) bare been giren in ayphlliB. Tbo proln-
IrotmiU and the bCbrnmtih tie annlujtOQn In
compntlon and raeilicinal prppcrtloJ} to tbe uor-
rtapoadine indides of meicurr.
BBOMfPH, Bromine.
BROMnQBAPHT, Biomatoicnphy.
BROHOS, PfKtfi,. One of [lie eereallil, mp-
p«Hd, by aome, to bo oala. Bm Arena,
BBOliosca, Fetid.
BROHUBf, BromiDe.
BROMDS CILIA'TUS, B. purgasw, Brome
mvj IsdigenoDs: Order, Oramineic; 1b Bi^d to
be enede, and anlhelmintie ( 7 ), catbaitio and
dhnctU. It porgea cattle.
Bbohiti LAI KB, TrilJDDin repena.
BMOm UOT.LIS, Soft Bromt Oratw. The leede
■IB ndd to cause giddineai in man; and lo be
ftrial 10 poultry.
BanMTe Vintaxjit, B. cilia Ins.
B*oi(t^ Tesdlektcs, Loliam lemulentDin.
SBOl/CBES, Bronohia — *, tJangli>jM ly*.
LrryJ,
T BftOKGBIXZS
Broneiui, for tbe trbolo of the
they culled Ita ramiSualiuna Bmn-
Bronchia, and BranM, [F.) Bnn
from the bifurcation of tba traobea, and ci
Into tbe InngI, — Ctm'nula patma'aiim.
Bro.vcbia, Dilatatioh or the, Dilaitd uroa-
cAio. Tbe phyiical ligna of tbla condition an
tbo following ;— P.rcu.tim. unially clear, but not
nnfrennenUy less eo Iban natural, although very
aeldom quite dull. JnieK/iulion detrola c«an«
mucotu nr gargling rboncbl, incroaaod by tbe
eough, combined with, or replaced hy, bronchial
or cBTemoua respiration, which ia ofisn aSeolod
aa if by a ludden puS or nbiff. The resonance
OaLlTBHlTIOH OP COMpniiSSKIS OP
Fpiratoty ntunnnr on auecnllaiiDD
wholly anpprened over a limited
of Ifao cheat; Ibe expiration ie geccnUIy
mora distinct
ditiuna are natural.
BRONCHI.K, aee
BRON'CHUL, B,
prolonged; all tbo other ct
oDchia.
eki^.Bronchia-lU.Brth
10 the bronahia.
BltOIICBIAl.AHTKRlIli,(F.;jlrlJr»nrai<rt i';tm
These are geoerally two in number, one golnf lo
Bronchial Cell
They
(F.) ClMa irn»c*fi,i..t.
nnlnatlona of the bronchia.
n«, eim'dula Vrmlia'iia,
Otand, </ Fera-IiM, (F.) OUnidei troK^hlofH oB
Qn-,gli<i„. lifmphatiqiM da ftroncAti, are numer-
one glanda of an nrold ahape; of a reddish bos
in the infiint, and .obBcqucntly brown and hUofc,
eeated in tbe conne of the bronchia, Tbcir fane-
tions are unknown. The bronchial glanda tnay
bo presumed to bo aBected by aerofiiloBi*, when,
In addition (o tha existence of lamoure in tbe
neck, pcrouaaion givae a dull eound under the
nppar and central part of tbe iternnm, whllal
there is no appreciable lenlon of the [ungB.
BuoNcaiAi. Nerteh, (F.) Ntrft bronrhlipul,
are fnmiebed by the two pulmonary plciusee.
Bronchial Phthibis, see Phthlpls bronchial—
b. Reapiration, see Murmur, reipimlory.
Broschmi. Viti^tB ariao from the lart dlviaiona
of tbo arteriej of the aame name, and pBBB, on
tlie right aide, into tbo TOna aiygoa ; on tha lefi.
Into the Buperior iolercoslol.
BR ON CHIC, Bronchia).
BR0NCHIKC'TASIS,i>,-fa(a'li-o4Tonci.oV™,
ftotn PfTf^n, 'a bronchni,' and unioif, 'dilslA.
tion.' DibUaliou of one or mare bronchial tubes.
BRONCUIITIS, Bronchitis.
BROH'CHIOLB, BroiKh<ol«m, Bnockiotta;
diminutiTeofBniKiliiffaorBroiicAui. A minuta
brondiial lube.
BRONCHIOSTBNO'818, from efayx't,
vnt, 'contraction.' Coat
of the bronoh
BROKCHITE CONVULSIVE, Pertoaai*.
BRONCHt'TIS, BroHchii'li; hkamma'tio
>n,nrMo-nm, Calar'rh«f i'l.fmo'num, C. bron-
■Mo'run, Pinin'lTi hn'mida, F. ironeiiH'lis,
bronchns,
Coalrao-
Cofo:
BBOVCHItrS
148
BRtTOOURT
iHroDcbiAl tabes. ThU is always more or less
present in cases of pulmonary catarrh ; and is
accompanied by oough^ mucous expectoration,
dyspncea, and more or less uneasioess in breatlr-
ing. The aeute form is accompanied with all the
signs of internal inflammation, and requires the
employment of antiphlogistics followed by revul-
sires. The chronic form, Tu»»i» teni'lU, Caiar'-
rhiu tenVlUf Bheuma eatarrha'li, Peripneumo''
nia nothOf Bronchorrhae'a cmn'ta. Winter C€ntgh,
Chronic Catarrkf may be confounded with phthi-
sis ; from which it must be distinguished mainly
by the absence of hectic fever and of the phyaicfU.
signs that are characteristic of the latter, as well
as by the nature of the expectoration, which is
generally mucous, although at times mnco-puru-
lent. When the expectoration is little or none,
the bronchitis is said to be (fry, drjf catarrh, (F.)
Catarrhe See,
When bronchitis affects the smaller tubes, it is
termed eartiVlary hronehi*ti9, bronchi^tit capilla'-
ri «, hronehoc'ace in/aiUiUit ( ? ), and is often fatal
to children. Venc'ul<ur hronehitit is the term pro-
posed by MM. Rilliet and Barthes for the ve«i-
etUar pneumonia of children.
Bronchitis, Catarrh — b. Asthenica, Peripnen-
monia notha — b. Capillary, see Bronchitis — b.
Oonynlsiva, Pertussis — ^b. Membranacea, Polypus
bronchialis — ^b. Plastic, Polypus bronchialis—
b. Pseudomembranous, Polypus bronchialis — b.
Summer, Feveri hay — b. Vesicular, see Bron-
chitis.
BRONCHIUS, Stemo-thyroideus.
BRONCHLEMMITIS, Polypos bronchialis.
BRONCUOCACE, Peripneumonia notha— b.
Bifan tills, see Bronchitis.
BRONCHO-CATARRHUS, Catarrh.
BRONCHOCE'LB, from fipoyxos, 'a bronchos,'
and KnXiti * tumour.' An inaccurate nune for the
affection which is called, also, Bo'ehium, BoHum,
Hernia gut'turii, Outtur tu'midum Bvaglobo'tum,
Trachelophy'maf Hernia gnttura'lit, Thyroe^lHf
Tkyreoee'li, Tracheoee'U, Thvrempkrax'ie, Thy-
reophraix^iOf Thyrean'cu»i Thyron'euM, Deiron''
eu9, Deron'cut, T^ropkrax'icif Ooeaum, Oo'tiwm,
JSxeehebron'chu», Oongro'na, Struma, Olana, Bo*'
CAiim, Her^wia bronchia'litf Traeheloce'U, Tuber
ffutturo'eum, Outte'ria, Ac, the Derby tkire neck.
Swelled neck, Wen, OoUre, Ac., (F.) OoUre, Oou-
hre, Hypertrophie du Corpe Thyroide, Qroeee
Gorge, Oroe Con, This is no rupture, but oon-
Bists of an enlargement of the tiiyroid gland. It
is common at tiie base of lofty mountains in
erery part of the world ; and has been supposed
to be owing to the drinking of snow-water, but
it occurs where there Is no snow. The tumour
is sometimes very extensive. Iodine has great
power over it» and will generally oooasion its
absorption, when the case hu not been of sach
duration as to have ended in a cartilaginonfl oon-
dition.
BRONCHOCEPHALITIS, Pertussis.
BRONCHOPARALYSIS, Asthma.
BRONCHOPHONY, Resonance.
BRONCHOPLAS'TIC, Bnmek^^la^tieue, from
fipoyx^t* ' ^ bronchus,' and irXavvw, ' I form.' An
epithet given to the operation for closing flstols
in the trachea.
BRONCHOPNBUMO'NIA, fh>m Ppeyxot, 'a'
bronchus,' and i^newnoata. Inflammation of the
bronchia and lungs.
BRONCHORRH(E'A, (F.) BrvnehorrUe, Ca-
tarrhe pituiteux, PhUgmorrhagie pulmonaire,
Flux bronckique, from pfeyX^t ' bronchus,' and
MM, ' I flow.' An inereased secretion of mncos
from the air passages, accompanied or not by in-
flammation :— a gleety as it were, of the pulmo-
ftaiy maoooi membrane.
BRO!rcRonitH<XA Acuta, Bronchitis (chronic.)
BR0NCH0STASI8, Bronchitis.
BRONCHOTOME, Bronchot'omm, from fi^-
Xoi, and Tc^tttv, * to cut.' A kind of lancet, with
a blunt and rounded point, mounted on a handle,
and fitted to a cannla, which passes in along wiUi
it, and is allowed to remain in the opening mada
in the trachea.
BRONCHOT'OMT, Bronchotom*ia,{T.) Bran~
ehotomie, Same etymology. A surgical opens*
tion, which consists in msJcing an opening either
into the trachea, ( Traeheot'omy :) into the larynx,
{LaryngoVomy :) or into both, ( Traeheo-larynffotf*
omy,) to extract foreign bodies or to permit the
passage of air to the lungs. These different parts
are divided transversely or vertically, according
to circumstances.
BRONCHUS, see Bronchia. Trachea.
BROOKLIME, Veronica beccabunga.
BROOM, Bophora tinotoria, Spartium seopa-
rium — b. Butcher's, Rnscus — b. Clover, 8opfaora
tinctoria — b. Indigo, Sophora tinctoria — h. Kape»
of Virginia, OrobMiche Virginiana — b. Spanish,
Spartium Junceum — b. Yellow, Sophora tinctorisu
BROSSADI^RE, MINERAL WATERS
OF. Brossardidre is a chateau in Bas-Poiton,
France. The waters contain carbonates of iron
and lime, chloride of sodium, and sulphate of
lime. They are aperient
BR08SE, Brush.
BROTH, CHICKEN, see Chicken Broth.
Broth, Vbobtablb. Take two pottUoee, a eetf^
rot, tad an onion, all cut fine ; boil in a quart of
water for an hour, adding more water from tame
to time, so as to keep the original quantity ; fla.
vour with ealt, and a small quantity of potAerbej
strain. A little mushroom catchup improves tba
flavour.
BROUILLARD, CaUgo.
BROUS'SAIST. One who is a believer in, and
professor of, the physiological and pathological
opinions of Broussais. The system itself was
called BroussaIsk, or the Phyeiological J}oo^
trine.
BROW, Front— b. Ague, Neuralgia frontalia.
BROWN RED, Colcothar.
BROWN'IAN^ Broiono'man, Bruno^nian. Re-
lating to the system or opinions of John Brown.
BROWNISM, Bru'noniem, Bruno'nianiem,
The doctrines of Brown.
BROWNIST, ^roimo'ntan, ^nmo'ntan. A
follower of the system of Brown.
BRU'CEA ANTI-DYSENTER'ICA. CaUod
after Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller. B, /emi-
gin'ea, Anguetu'ra epu'ria, (F.) Fatuee Augnem
ture, A. Ferrugineuee. The systematic name of
the plant whence was obtained — it was supposed
— /alee Anguetura or &Ise Cueparia Bark* It
is really the bark of Stiychnos nnx vomica.
BRUCIA, Brucine.
BRUCINE, Bru'cia, Bruei'na, Bruei'nutn,
Bru'eium, Peeudangueturi'num, Cauirami'mtm,
Vom'ieine, An organic, salifiable base, disco-
vered in the false angustnra — Brueea anti-dy^
eeiUer'iea, and obtained from Stryehnoe nvx vom'-
tea. It is of a pearly white; crysl^lizea in obliqua
prisms with a parallelogrammatic base ; is very
bitter, slightly acrid and styptic, and soluble in
water, but more so in alcohol. Bmcia is a leaf
active poison than strychnia. It resembles it,
however, and may be used as a substitute for it
and for the extract of nux vomica. Dose, half a
grain.
BRUCKENAU, MINERAL WATERS OF.
These springs are in Bavaria, and eontain oar-
bonic acid and iron.
BRUCOURT, MINERAL WATERS Of.
Bmoourt U three leagues and a half from Gaea^
BBUISB
UO
BBUSH
ia Normaadj. The waters contain earbanto actd,
ehlorido of sodinm, and sulpbate of soda, much
sulphate of Ume, kc
BRUISE, Contunon.
BRinSE ROOT, Stylophorum diphyllum.
BRUISEWORT, Bellu saponaria.
BRUISSEMENT,(B.) Frtm'ituM. Thwword
liaa mach the same signLftcation as BourdouHC'
MCNf, as well OB Bruit.
BRUIT, (P.) 'Sound.* A French term, ap-
plied to Tarioufl BonndB heard on percuBsion and
ttoscoltation, rb.
BBUIT DE CRAQVEMENT, B. de TiratlU-
menl, Bruit de cuir neu/p * sound of crackling, or
borsting, or of new leather.' A sound produced
hj the friction of the pericardium, when dried
And roughened by inflammation.
BRUIT DU CCEUR F(ETAL, Battemen» dou-
hf€*; Double bruit dn Cceur du Foetus, The pul-
tations of the foptal heart heard in auscultation
in the latter half of ntero-gestation.
BRUIT BE CUIR NEUF, Bruit de eraque-
wtent,
BRUIT DE DIABLE, Ronfement du Diabh,
Bruit de toufflt d double eourawt, * noise of the
diAble or humming-top.' Venout hum, A high
degree of Bruit de eouJUetf heard on auscultating
the arteries or yeins — probably the latter— of the
neck in chlorosis. It denotes an impoTerished
•late of the blood.
BRUIT DOUBLE DU C(EUR DU F(ETUS,
Bruit dn Casur/aeial — b. de Fr6Ument, see FrSle-
wkent.
BRUIT DE FROISSEMENT PULMO-
JfJkIRE, see Froiseement pulmonaire.
BRUIT DE FR6LEMENT p£rICAR-
jDIQUE, see FrSlement perieardique,
BRUIT DEFROTTEMENT ASCENDANT
ET DESCENDANT, 'Sound of friction of ascent
ftnd descent.' Sounds produced by the rubbing of
the lung against the parietes of the chest, as it
risee and &lls during inspiration and expiration.
They are disUnotly heard in pleuritis, when the
pleura has beoome roughened by the diaease.
J^riction eounde. Rubbing eoundtf To-a»d-/ro
9oumde are aUo heard in pericarditis and perito-
nitis. «
BBUIT ffUMORIQUE, B, Hydropneuma-
tique. The sound aiforded on percussion when
oz^gaas are filled with liquid and air.
BRUIT BYDROPNEUJIATIQUE, Bruit
kumariqne,
BRUIT DE MOUCHE{J.\ 'fly sound.' A
•ound analogous to the Bruit </« diable — so called
from its likeness to the bnzcing of a fly : — heard
on auscultating the neck in chlorotio cases.
BRUIT MUSGULAIRE. The sound accom-
panying the first sound of the heart, referred by
vome to muscular contraction. Called, also,
Bruit rotatoire, in consequence of its having
been thought to resemble the rumbling of distant
wheels.
BRUIT MUSICAL, SijffUfMut moduli,
BRUIT DE PARCHEMIN. 'Parchment
tone.' A sound as if produced by two sheets of
parehment applied to each other. It is said to be
produced by thickening and rigidity of the valves
of the heart.
BRUIT PLAOENTAIRE, B, de eouffiet pla.
ctntairCf B, utdrin, Soujffle utfrin. Souffle placen-
taire. Placental bellouie* eourid, Utero-plaeen'tal
murmur, U*teriwe murmur. The bellows'. sound
beard on aaaenltating over the site of Uie pla-
e«Dta in a pregnant female. It doea not appear
to be owing to the placental vessels : but to the
Bterine tnmonr presaing upon the large vessels
of the mother.
BBrntDEPOTFEhS; 'Soondof acraeked
vessel.' This sound is heard on peroiisBion, when
a cavern in the lungs is fiUed with air, and has %
narrow outlet.
BRUIT DE RACLEMENT, 'Sound of sera-
ping.' A sound produced by the scraping of hard,
solid membranes, afl the pericardium, against each
other.
BRUIT DE RAPE, 'Sound of a rasp.' A
sound heard during the contraction of either the
auricles or ventricles. It is constant; and the
contraction of the cavity is more prolonged than
natural, and emits a hard, rough, and — as it
were— stifled sound.
It indicates contraction of the valvular orifices
by cartilaginous deposits, or ossification, and is
better heard near the apex of the heart, if the
anriculo- ventricular valves be concerned, — near
the base if the semilunar valves be the seat of the
disease.
BRUIT ROTATOIRE, Bruit muteulaire,
BRUIT DE SCIE, or 'saw-sound,' and Britit
DE LIMB X B0I8, or 'filo-souud,' rcsemblo the Bruit
de Rdpe,
BRUIT DE SOUFFLE 1 DOUBLE OOU-^
RANT, Bruit de Diable,
BRUIT DE SOUFFLET, Bruit de SouJ^le,
' bellows' sound,' ' blowing sound.' A sound like
that of a bellows, heard occasionally by the ear
applied to the chest during the contraction of the
ventricles, auricles, or large arteries. It coexists
with affections of the heart, but is heard, also^
without any disease in that organ, ~- whenever,
indeed, an artery is compressed. An Eneephalie
bellotce* eound, has been described by Drs. Fisher
and Whitney. It is heard on applying the ear
to the occiput or to the top of the head ; and is
considered to indicate turgescence of vessels, or
inflammation. When such turgescence exists,
the vessels are eompressed, and the compression
gives rise to the sound in question.
BRUIT DE SOUFFLET PLACENTAIRE^
Bruit pla^entaire — 6. de Tiraillement, Bruit de
eraquement,
BRUIT DE TAFFETAS, 'Sound of Taf-
feta.' ' Sarcenet emtnd,* A respiratory sound, so
named, by M. Qrisolle, from its resembling the
sound caused by the tearing of a piece of tafieta;
and which he considers to indicate hepatization
of the lung, limited to the surface, in pneumonia.
BRUIT TYMPANIQUE, 'Tympanic sound.'
The clear sound afl'orded by percussing the sto-
mach and intestines when containing air.
BRUIT UTiRIN, B. plaeentaire.
BRULURB, Bum.
BRUNELLE, Prunella.
BRUNNER'S QhAJUVS, Bmnneri Olan'dula,
Olnndula eolita'ries, Solitary glands, Solitary
follicles, Second pan'creas. Compound muci-
parous foUioles, seated between the mucous and
muscular coats of the stomach, along the two
curvatures of that organ, and in the duodenum ;
so called from their discovery having been gene-
rally attributed to Brunner. The solitary intes-
tinal follicles are often known, at the present
day, as the glands of Brunner, although Brunner
restricted the latter term to the glands of the
duodenum. ^
BRUNONIAN, Brownian.
BRUNOMANISM, Brownism.
BRUNUS, Erysipelas.
BRUSCUS, Ruscus.
BRUSH, Scop'ula, (F.) Brosse. A well know^
instrument, used in medicine chiefly for the fol-
lowing purposes. 1. To clean the teeth. 2. To
remove the saw-dust which adheres to the teeth
of the trephine, during the operation of trephir-
ing. 8. To rub the surface of the body, for tho
purpose of exciting the skin, and Ihvouring trans-
BRTTTA 150 BUBONULT78
pirftUon. Westrinffy « Swedish phyaicUn, has Venereal BuhOf (F.) Buhon vSniritn, wbidi It 09-
reoommended metuUo bnubcs for the purpose casioned hj the Tenereal rims. 3. PewHUmtM
of conveying galvanism to a part These brushes Bubof or B. tjfmptomatie of the Plagne. Th« lait
consist of a plate of ebony fitted to another of two have by some been called wudignami Mmb^,
gold, in which threads of the same metal are (F.) Bubon mat in,
fixed; — the brush being connected with one of Primarjf Bubo, (F.) Bubon prituit^f, showf li-
the pules of the galvanic pile. self with the first symptoms of syphilis : the eo»*
Brush, Stomach, Excutia ventrioull. tcutite not tUl afterwards.
BRUTA, Juuiperus sahina. BUBON, Bubo, Inguen — ^b. GummifenuBf fM
BUU'TIA. A sort of thick pitch, obtained Ammoniac gum.
from Brutia, in Italy. From PU Brutia was BUBON ITEMBLEE, (F.) An enUrgmneil
obtained the O'leum Pioi'nuin, and suppuration of one or more of the iDgniul
Brutia, Instinct glands, not preceded by any other of the mora
BRUT IN 0, Terebinth ina. common forms of venereal disease, nor by §af
BRUXANEIiI. A Malabar tree, the bark and other syphilitic symptom.
leaves of which have a strong smell, and are Bubon Gal'sanum. The systematic uiM
astringent On the coast of Malabar, its juice, of a plant which has been supposed to afford
mixed with butter, is applied to boils. Its bark is galbanum ; Meto'pion, Mato'rium, The plant it
esteemed to be diuretic, and its roots anti-arthritic also called Fer'ula Africa' na^ OreoeeWnum Afri»
BRUYMhE VULGAIHE, Erica vulgaris. ea'num, Ani'eum frutieo'eum aalbaniferutn. Am-
BRUYERKS, MINERAL WATERS OF. 'f^n Afnea'num frutee'ee^, Seli'num Galbamm,
Bruyftres U a small village, 7i leagues from ^^"'^'^ JV/?"'^"***?; ^*f ?r*^/^i?';f ^ *»' '*''^
Luneville. The waters are acidulous and chaly- le<ived Galbanum. A auOriLlJuihelhfm. A*
1^1^^ plant can scarcely, however, be considered to bt
BRYCETOS. see Algidns. determined. Galbanum is the gummi-resinou
BRYCHETHMOS, Rugitus. J"*®®' ^** ^^^^ ^ ^^^^ *"<* ****• ^**^' •■*
BRYCHET08, see Algidus. *®"^ • ^^ agglutinated tears are of a white oc
BRYGMA, Brygmne, Trieie, PrxeU, PrUmne, lour, on a ground of reddish-brown. It forma an
Odontovri'eie, Stridor Ben'tium, (F.) Grincement f pulsion, when triturated with water, and is sdn-
dee JJenta.
tymptom,
ment but ,..-^— ^.^ - .. _._ _w.^ — —^
to 8u»pect any. gr. 10 to 60. BxtoraaU;, it u applied
BRYO'NIA AFRICA'NA. A Sooth Africui "'""bon galbanum i, a South African pUnt; »a
remedy, common amongst the Hottentots, which, . ^ .? . . " «^ * ii^J.* ji *• *^ j*» TT*
in the form of decoctiol, acts simultaneously ai ^^ "r^lrvw^/ "If diureUe, under tht
an emetic, cathartic, and diuretic. It is used by ?J^' «^ I'^r^nf^^ni^ fl'^'f^^^^^
the nativis in cnti^eous diseases, dropsy, and S.SI ° K^ .Ifi^?. °i^ l^ i.^*^S*'"!L?
syphilis. The tincture is a powerfiil emeti^ and FyTP^^t™ %-S?"" -^ ^^''' ^^''^ ^""n^^* TZ
cathartic-Thunbcrg. ^^l «^'"' ^ ff«" m appoaiance, smeU, and la
'^ every respect, from Gummi Galbanum.
«* A t x,' /w \ /T f ,1'.' TT grateful. The seeds are an ingredient in tht
Monadelphia. (F.) CouUuvrSe, 1 tgne rierge, Y. colebroted compounds, Mithridate and Theriae.
tranche. The root is large and succulent, and Bl'BONA Nipple
has aji acrid, bitter, and disagreeable taste. It BUBONALGIA, from ^o^», 'the groin.' and
is a drastic cathartic. Externally, it has b«en ^ ^j. .p^n.. p^in in the groin.
applied, m form of cataplasm, in gout When BUBONCUS Bubo
repeatedly washed, a good starch is obteined BUBO'NIUM, ^•fr^-^i'l.Vw, fl^,W«i .SVonsorf.
from It The active pnnciple has been separated a plant anciently suppo..ed to be efficacious in
frnrni It, and called Bnf'omne, diseases of the groin, frum /J.»^«r. ' the groin.'
BRVOJfiA MECHOACAirxA NIGRICANS, Convol- BUBONOCE'LE,from^;vA 'thegiSn/and
^npi*A"J*TVp-^^T*"*'^';u''''^'^*'"^*^P'- «'^''' 'tumour,' 'rupture.' lier'nia inguiiaHie,
SSy?m 'liUn^f ^^.n^! angulatus. ,,,, ,/,^ Gr<.„, Some surgeons have couBnS
S« VTnv r ?^.^*P"- this term to hernia when limited to the groin,
BRYTON, Ccreyisia. and have called the same affecUon, when it hai
BU, ^ot,, abbreviation of fievt, 'an ox; in com- doBcendod to the scrotum, Oeckeoceli, or Seratml
position expresses, 'excess, greatness.' Hence //,.r„ui. The rupture passes through the abdo-
« T'/"^'"' **^ "*°»» "««• "»d, in consequence of the greater
BUBASTECORDIUM, Artembla vulgaris. size of the opening in the male, it is mora fia-
BUBE, Pustule. quent in the male sex.
BUBO, Pov0uv, Pano'chia, Panue inguina'Ite, BUBONONCUS, Bubo.
Adetupph^'ma inguina'lie, Bubonopa'une, Bubo- BUBONOPANUS, Bubo.
non'cM, Bubon'cue, Oambu'ca, Angue, Boubon, BUBONOREX'Itf, from fi»v?mw, 'the groin,'
Qtdore'lf, Codoncel'la, (F.) Bubon, Poulain, In and aij^if, *a rupture.' A name given to bubo-
the works of Hippocrates and Galen, this word nocele when accoiupaniod with a divi«ion of tha
sometimes signifies the groin — Inguen; at others, peritoneum, or when, in other words, it is devoid
the inguinal glands ; and at others, again, swell- of a ^ac.
Ing or inflammation of these parts. The modems BUBON'ULrS, -'^ufruii'oti^. A diminvtiva
apply the tenn to an inflammatory tumour seated of Bubo. A painful swelling of the lymphatiea
in the groin or axilla, and they generally distin- of the penis, extending along the dorsum of that
guish, 1. Simple or Sjfmpathetie Bubo, which is organ to the gruin. It is an occasional aoaom*
Independent of anj virus in the economy. 2. paniment of gonorrhooa.
BUBUKLS
151
BXJLBtTS
BUBI7KLB. A word uied by ShakBpeare for
• red pimple on the nose.
BUBUNClTLnS, Babonolns.
BUCAROS, Terra Portugallica.
BUCCA, Onatkot. The mouth. The oheek
■ad hoUow or the oheek. Also, the vulva.
BUCCAC'RATON, from -ffwcco, and k^o^, *1
mix.' A morsel of bread sopped In winei which
aorred of old for a breakfast — Linden.
BUCCAL, BvMea'Uty from Bncea, ' the month/
or rather ' the cheek.' That whioh concerns the
month, and especially the oheek.
Buccal Abtbky, A. Siu-maxiUaxre^ (Ch.)
•rises from the internal maxillary or from some
of its branches, as the Ttmporalx* profunda an-
tica, or the Alv€<^ar. It distributes its branches
to the bacdnator musole, and to the buccal mem-
bnuie.
BrociL Glaitdb, Ifolar Olandt. Mucons foU
liides, seated in the baoeal membrane, opposite
the molar teeth. They secrete a viscid humour,
which mixes with the saliva, and lubricates the
mouth.
BvccAL HKVBRAmE, (F.) Membrane BueeiUe.
The mucons membranei which lines the interior
of the mouth.
Buccal Nkrvb, or Sueeina^tar Nerw, Buceo-
labial — (Ch.,) u given off by the inferior maxil-
lary. It sends its branches to the cheek, and
oapecially to the buccinator muscle.
Buccal Vsm follows the artery.
BUC'CBA, Buoeel^la. The fleshy excreseence
of naaal polypus, so called because it was believed
to proceed from the mouth. — Paracelsus. Also,
* mouth fuL
BUCCELA'TON, Bueeela'hu, A loaf-shaped
oothartic medidne ; made chiefly of scammony.
— ^Aiftius, Paultts of JEgina.
BUCCELLA'TIO. A mode of arresting hemor-
rhage, by applying a pledget of lint to the bleed*
ing vessel. — Avioenna, Fsllophu.
BUCCXNA, Turbinated bones.
BUCCINA'TOR, from buceinare, 'to Bound
tbe trumpet.' The ^tieetiM'for MuaeUf Retracf-
$ar Au'ffiUi Oris, Bueco-Alviolo-maxiUairef AM-
t>lo-lahial — (Cb.,) Mofuo'ritu, is situate in the
•ubstanee of the cheeks. It extends between the
posterior portions of the alveolar arches of the
two Jaws and the commissure of the lips, which
It draws backward. It assists in mastication, by
gushing the food ba<^ towards the teeth ; an^
' the cheeks be distended by air, its contrae-
tion forces it out
BUCCO. One who is blub-oheeked, or wide*
nonthed.
BUCOO-ALVEOLO'MAXILLAIRE, Bucci-
nator.
BUCCO-LABIAL NERVE, Buccal nerve.
BUCCO-PHARYNQB'AL, Bucco^Pharyng^-
m», (F.) Bwoco-Pkarfngien, BeloUiging to the
mouth and pharynx. The Bneeo-pharyng^al
Ap<meur</m» or Intermax^iUary Lig^atnent, ex-
tends from the internal ala of the pterygoid pro-
eoM to the posterior part of the lower alveolar
arch, and affords attachment, Ulteriorly, to the
baodnator, and, posteriorly, to the constrictor
phttmifps superior.
BuC'CULA, from J^vceo, 'the mouth.' A
•mall month. The fleshy psoi beneath the chin.
-oBar^oline.
BUCERAB, Trigonella fcenum — b. Fcenum
Ormcum, Trigonella fcenum Grsdcum.
BCCUU, Diosma orenata— b. Leaves, Diosma
BUCKBEAN, Henyanthes trifoliatflt--b. Ama-
lloan, Menyanthes ve^a.
BCTCKBERRT, Vaecinium stamineum.
BUCKET FEVSE, Dengue.
BUCKEYE, Asculns hippocastanum.
BUCKHO, Diosma crenata.
BUCKTHORN, PUROIXG, RhamnuB.
BUCKWHEAT, Polygonum fagopyrum — K
Plant, eastern, Polygonum divarieatum.
BUCNEMIA, see Elephantiasis — b. Tropic^
see Elephantiasis.
BUCTON, Hymen.
BUFF, INFLAMMATORY, Corinm phlogis-
tieum.
BUFFY COAT, Corium phlogisticum.
BUG, (BED,) Cimex.
BUGANTIA, Chilblain.
BUG'QERY, Sod*omy, Sodom'ia, Co*itut So-
domit'ietUf (I.) Bttgarone, Said to have been
introduced by the Bulgarians. A carnal copula*
tion against nature, as of a man or woman with
any animal ; or of a man with a man, or a man
unnaturally with a woman. The unnatural
crime.
BUGLE, PmncUa — b. Common, Ajuga rep-
tans-— 6. PgramidaUf Ajuga — 6. Ramjpanttf A^xl-
ga reptans — b. Water, Lyoopus Virginicus— b.
Weed, Lycopus.
BUG LOSE, Anohnsa officinalis.
BUGLOSS, DYER'S, Anchusa tinetoria^b.
Garden, Anchusa officinalis — b. Upright, Ajugiw
BUGLOSSA, Anchusa officiniJis.
BUGLOSSUM ANGU6TIF0LIUM MAJUS,
Anchusa officinalis — b. Latifolium, Borago offici-
nalis — b. Sativum, Anchusa officinalis — b. Syl-
vestris, Anchusa officinalis — b. Tinctorum, Ao-
chusa tinctoria — b. Verum, Boracio acid — b«
Vulgare m^jus, Anchusa officinalis.
BVORANDE iPINEUSE, Ononis spinosa.
BUORANE, Ononis spinosa — 6. (2es Champa^
Ononis arvensis.
BU6ULA, Ajuga— -b. ChamsBpitys, Tencrium
chamsBpitys — b. Pyramidalis, Ajuga — b. Rep-
tans, Ajuga reptans.
BUISj Buxus.
BUISARD, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bui-
sard is two leagues ftom Chateau-Thierry, in
France. The water contains chloride of calcium
and carbonate of lime.
BULB, Bnlbu*, (F.) Bulhe, A name, given
by anatomists to different parts which resemble,
in shape, certain bulbous roots. The ^ti/6 of the
Aorta is the great sinus of the Aorta. Bulb of a
Tooth; the vascular and nervous papilla con-
tained in the cavity of a tooth. The Bulb or
Root of ike Hair is the part whence the hair
originates. The Bulb r^ the Urethra is the
dilated portion formed by the commencement
of the Corpue epongioeum towards the root of
the penis. We say, also, Buib, for Globe, of
the eye.
Bulb of the Erv, Bee Eye— b. of the Female^
Bulbus vestibuli — b. Rachidian, see MeduUa
oblongata.
BULBE, Bulb— i. du Vagin, Bulbus vestibuli
— b. de la VoiUe d troie PUiere, Mamillary ta-
berdes.
BULBI FORNICIS, MamUlary tuberdes— b.
Prionim Cruram Fomicis, Mamillary tubercles.
BULBOCASTANEUM, Buniumbulbooas.
tanum.
BULBO-CAVERNOSUS, Accelerator urinsB-*
b. SyndeemO'CavemeHZf Accelerator urino) — 6.
Urethral J Accelerator urinie.
BULBOCODIUM, Narcissus psendonarcissoB.
BULBONACH, Lunaria rediviva.
BULBUS. Bulb.
Bulbus Esculxh'tus. The Esculent Bmib:
a partionlar kind, so denominated by the an-
cients. It is supposed to have been the O^Mi
Aecalon'iea, — ^DioBOoridea, Celsus^ Pliny, Aa
BULESIS
IM
BUBSiB MXTCOSiB
Bri.Brs GLATcprLOnrs. Proventricnlns — b.
Oouli, Hue Eye — b. Olfacturiu«, >ee Olfactory
Nerved — b. Pili. iee lliiir — b. Rachidicus, see
lleduUa ()bIon;;ata — b. Va;;inu), B. vc9tibuli.
BrLBi'S Vkstib'uli, li. Vuyi'utt^ Plexn§ reti-
/orm'i»y Cm I'd clitor'idU inter' tin. Bulb or Semi-
oulh of tlii^ /-V/iKr/f, (F.) Ittilhe liu Vayiu, A close-
paekt'd pluxud of intr'U'ately aiiavtoinofling veins,
iocloACil in a ritiruuu invvstmont, — being aD im-
xno<Uutc (Miitinuution luid extenyton of the part
intrrmt'ilid, mul occupying the 8]iace between the
bcginniu;;: ur voMtiWulc uf the vagina and the
rami uf the pubio uroh. It \» regarded by Louth,
Taylor, Morgagui and Kobelt an the analogue
of the mule bulb.
BuLDirs Vohito'ru'S. A plant, said by Dios-
corido^ U> be emetic and diuretic It us the
Mntk-ffrofte jiuictr, according to Rayj — the ii^a-
ciutkuM Mimrttri.
BULESIS. Voluntaa.
BULiiA, Vulva.
BULIMIA, Boulimia.
BU'LITIIOS, from ffovs, <an ox,' and Xi$*(,
* a stone/ A be£(iar or rtonc, fnund in the kid-
neys, gall-bladder, or urinary bladder of an ox
or cow.
BULLA, (F.) BnUe. A HUh. A portion of
the cuticle, detached from the skin by the inter-
position (tf a transparent, watery fluid. It forms
the 4tb order in Willan's and Butemnn's arrange-
ment of cutaneous disieaites. and includes eryvi*
pelfls, pemphigus, and pompholyx. By some.
Bulla has been used synonymously with Ptm-
phigttM. See, also. Hydatid.
liULLACE PLUM. Pmnus inritia.
BULL^: ROTUXBiB CERVICIS UTERI,
Kabothi glanduhe.
BULL-FISTS, Lycoperdon.
BUMELLIA, Fraxinufl excelsior.
BUNA, CofTca Arabica.
BUNDURII, Corylus avellana.
BUN IAS. Brnssica napus.
BU'NIOID, liuHim*dr», Nn'piform; from $w-
f««v, 'a turnip,' and ci^0(, 'resemblance.' An
epithet for a form of cancer, bearing some resem-
blance to a turnip.
BUNIOX. Bnnyon.
BUNPTES VINUM. A wine, made by in-
fbsing the liuuimn in must It is stomachic, but
fcarcely ever uved.
BUXIUM, Carvi, Camro.
Bl-'xitm BuLBocAs'TATrrir, P&vvtw, so
called, it has been supposetl, from grffwing on
hillK, from 0ov¥ot. 'a hill.' Bafnuoea^tannrnf
Bn'mum minwit Sium hulbonanUumm, Scandar
hnlbtH'nntnnumf Cnrnm bntlMtcottaHttm. The sys-
tematic name of a plant, whose root is called
Pifj-HHtf Afjriiicnm'tHUHint Xn'cuUi Urre&'tri*, Bul-
hocttM'tuuitm luitjH* et minuB, JKartk'UMt, Hawk-
HH^ A'ijtpci''untf (F.) Terre-noix, The root is
tuberous, and is eaten raw or roasted. It has
been supposed to be of use In strangury. It is
not employed in medicine.
BUXNIAX, Bunyon.
BUN' VOX, Bun' ion, Bun'uian, from fiowos,
'an eminence.' ( f ) An enlargement and in-
flammHtion of the bursa mucosa at the inside of
the ball of the grent toe.
BUOPIITIIALMIA, Buphthalmla.
BUPEIXA, Boulimia.
BUPIITIIALMI IIERBA, Anthemis tlnetoria,
BUPIITHAL'MIA, Bnopithal'Mia, BuphthaV-
MrM, KfcphnntoM'ma, from (iovf, 'an ox,' and t^-
^mXfif, *an eye.' Oj--9^0, Under this name,
the generality of authors have designated the
first stage of nyitrophthalmia. Others, with Sa-
batitf/ mean, by it» turgesoenco of the vitreotu
humour, wbicb, by pushing the irit TormHi^
forms around the crystalline a sort of border
BUPllTIIALMUM CRETICUM, Anthodl
Pyrethrum — b. Mi^ui, Chrysanthemum lenam-
themum.
BUPIiTHALMUS, Uydrophthalmia, Swap*,
vivum tectorum.
BUPINA, Boulimia.
BUPLEUROIDES, Baplenrom rotnndifbUaa.
BUPLEU'RUM ROTUNDIFO'LIUM, ^a-
pUn'roHf Bnpf€HroVde9, from fim; aagmentativ%
and wXcvpov, 'side,' (F.) Bnplivrt, Percrfamlhf
Honnd-Uaved Hare** Ear, ThnroKwajr, The hcrb
and seeds are slightly aromatic. It was formtoAj
celebrated for curing ruptures, being made faite
a cataplasm with wine and oatmeaL
BUPLiVBE, Bupleurum rotundifoliom.
BURAC. Borax. Also, any kind of nlL
(Arabic.)
BURDOCK, Arrtinm lappa ^b. T..eMer, Zu-
thiuin — b. Prairie, Silpbium terebinthaceum.
BURIAL ALIVE, Zootbapsi*.
BURIS, Hernia, accom}»anicd by sdrrhow .
tumefaction ; or, perhaps, a icirrhouB tuaww
only. — Avicenna.
BURN. Sax. bernan or byrnan, 'to bun or
bren.' LVtio, Ambut'tio, Adnt'tio, Tre9i& Cfamaiaf
Eriffhe'ma Ambn^tio, Ontm'9, Ehcuh'm, Pvrf-
eauM'tHm, CombuMtu'ra, Catacau'mn, CambmrH^^
(F.) BrUlure. An injury produced by the aetka
of too great heat on the body. Burnt art ni
greater or less extent, from the simple irritillon
of the integnment to the complete destruetioB «f
the part The consequences are more or kM
severe, according to the extent of injury, and dM
part affected. Burns of the abdomen, when u>»
parently doing well, are sometimes followed wf
fatal results. Their treatment varies, — at tiiti,
the antiphlogistie being required; at othon^ tu
more stimulating.
BURXEA, see Finns Sylvestris.
BURNET, CANADA, SangyisorlMk Cmm-
densis.
BURNETT'S DISINFECTING LIQUID. A
solution of chloride of zinc, first used by ffir
William Burnett for preserving timber, eanran^
Ac, from dry rot, mildew, Ac., and afterwaidi
as an antibromic and auUseptic, especially In tho
case of dead bodies.
BURXIN(t, Brtnning. A diseaae mentioiicd
by old historians, firom which anthori hare on*
snccessfuUy endeavoured to demonstrate the nn-
tiquity of svphilis. — Parr.
BURNING OF THE FEET, see Feet, bun.
ing of the.
BURNT HOLES. A rariety of mpia, popn^
larly known in Ireland under this name; and net
unfrequent there amongst the ill-fed childrea of
the poor.
BUR-REED, GREAT, Sfiarganium rnmoniB.
BURRIII SPIR'ITUS MATRICA'LIS. The
Spirit of Burrhut for dittnaet nf the IfoMJ^ It
is prepared by digesting, in alcohol, equal parti
of myrrh, oliluinum, and mastio. Boerhaare fte-
quentlv prescribed it.
BURSA CORDIS, Pcrlcardium^K Parterb^
Thlaspi burtiu — b. Testium, Scrotam— b. Viiiliip
Scrotum.
BURSJR MUCO'S.E, Bttrnf muco'tm reWea-
Id'nn, Bumtt sen Cttp'»u?tF «yiiorrfl'/e«, BUmtto^
rjf»*tide*t Sacci mvco'ni, Ve$i*C0B tuttfttino't^g ten*^
f/('iiii»i, Vayi'mr Sifti or in' fe*, SifHoviai i'rypt» or
FoUieht, (F.) 7^>N^•^« Stfunrinlft. Small mem*
branous sacs, situate about the joints, particolariy
a1>out the large ones of the upper and lower ex-
tremities, and, for the most part, lying under the
tendons. They are naturally filled with an ollj
kind uf fluid, the use of which i£ to lubricate
BURSAL
IM
BTTH08
OTcr which the tendons pla.j. In eonse-
quence of bruises or sprainSy this fluid sometimes
eollocts to A great extent The bursie are, gene-
rally, either of a roundish or oval form, and they
have been arranged under two classes, the aphe-
rioal and the vaffinaL
BuRSiB ST50VIALF.S, Bttrsss macoscs.
BURSAL, Bur$a'li». Relating or appertain-
ing to bursse, — as a * bunal tumour.'
BURS A LIS, Obturator internus.
BCR.SERA ACUMINATA, B. gnmmifera.
Burse'ra GuMMir'KRA, B, aeumina'ta, Tere-
hiatk'n* gHmmifera, Jamaica Bark Tree, A resin
exudes from this tree, which, as met with in the
shops, is solid extomally ; soflish internally ,* of
a ritreous fracture; transparent; of a pale yellow
eolour; turpentine smell, and sweet, peifumed
taste. It has been used like balrtms and tur.
pen tines in general, and is ealled, by the French,
OacMbttH, ChiboUf and Reeine de GomarU
BURST, Hernia, HemiaL
BURSTEN, see Hernial.
BURKULA, Scrotum.
BURTHISTLE, Xanthiam.
BURWEED, Xanthium.
BURWORT, Ranunculus acris.
BUSSANG, MINERAL WATERS OF. Bus-
lang is a Tillage in the department of Vosges,
France. The waters are acidulous chalybeates.
BUSSEROLLE, Arbutus ura nrsi.
BUS'SII HPIR'ITUS BEZOAR'TICUS, Be.
aoar'die Spirit of Bu$eiue, . A preparation, re-
garded as sttdoriflo, diuretic, and antispasmodic ;
obtained by distilling subcarbonate and muriate
of ammonia, amber, oil of cedar or juniper, Ao.
BUTE, ISLAND OF, CLIMATE OF. This
island is in the Frith of Clyde, about 18 miles
below Greenock. The climate is mild and equa-
ble, bnt rather moist; and, as a winter residence,
it holds out advantages for those only that ap-
pear to demand such a condition of the atmo>
sphere. The olimate resembles, in character,
that of the S. W. of England and France, and
the Channel islands ; although its temperature is
lower.
BU'TEA FROXBO'SA, ErytkH'na monoeper'.
MO, Rudolpk'ia /rondo'ea, see Kino. A tree,
common in Bengal, and in the mountainous parts
of India ; Nat, Or*L LegnminossB ; from which
Cm butea flows. Br. Pereira found this gum to
identical with a specimen marked gummi ru-
hrmm attringene — ^the gomme astringente de Oam-
bie of M. Gttibourt By some, this gum has been
oonfonnded with kino.
BUTIGA, GutU rosea.
BUTOMON, Iris psendaeorus.
BUTTER, from fievrv^w; itself from fiwt, 'ox,'
and rv^, 'any thing coagulated.' Buty'rum,
Pic^rion, (F.) Beurre, A sort of concrete oil,
obtained from the eream that forms on the sur-
face of the milk furnished by the females of the
mammalia; especially by the oow and the goat.
Freah butter is very nutritious, whilst the rancid
Is irritating. The aooient chemists gare the
name Butter to many of the metallie dilorides.
It has also been applied to vegetable substances,
which resemble, in some respects, the batter ob-
tained from milk.
Bdttbb op Bavbouc or Bavbttc, (¥,) Beurre
is Bamboim on Bambuk, A Tegetftole oil ob-
tained from a species of almond, and used ia
Senegal in neuralgic and rheumatismal pains.
Butter of Ca'cao, Oil of Ca'enOf Oleum Ca»
eao epifa'tum, 0. Theohro'tna Cacao expree'wnm^
(F.) Beurre de Cacao f Huile de Cacao. A fkt
substance, of a sweet and agreeable taste, ob-
tained from the Theobroma coeao, or chocolate
nut
BuTTXR OT Cocoa, (F.) Buerre de Coco, A
fatty, concrete substance, which separates from
the milk of the cocoa nut It is sweet and
agreeable.
BUTTERBUR, TussUago petasites.
BUTTERCUPS, Ranunculus acris.
BUTTERFLY-WEED, Asclepias tuberosa.
BUTTERMILK, (F.) Babeurre, Lait fie
Beurre, The thin, sour milk, separated from the
cream by churning. It contains caseum and a
little butter. It is a refreshing drink when
newly made.
BUTTERWORT, Pinguicola vulgaris.
BUTTOCK-HUMP, Steatopyga.
BUTTONBUSH, Cephalanthns occidentalis.
BUTTONWOOD SHRUB, Cephalanthns ocei-
dentalis.
BUTUA, Pareira brava.
BUTYRUM, Butter— b. Amygdalanim dnl.
cium. Confection (almond) — b. Saturn i, Unguen*
tum plumbi superacetatis — b. Zinci, Zinci chlo-
ridum.
BUVEUR, Rectus internus oculi.
BUXTON, MINERAL WATERS OF, Bnx^
tonien'eee Aqua, Buxton is a village in Derby-
shire. The springs are thermal, and about 82^
Fahrenheit They contain sulphate of sod%
chloride of calcium, chloride of sodium, chloride
of magnesium, carbonate of lime, carbonic acid^
and axote. They are used in cases in which
thermal springs, in general, are recommended*
They contain little or no mineral impregnation.
BUXUS, Buxue eempervi'rene. The Box-tree,
(F.) Bui§ ou Bouia, The leaves are bitter and
aromatic, and, as such, have been used in medi-
cine, in eases of worms, dyspepsia, Ac, in the
form of decoction. They are sometimes, also^
added to beer. The seed was anciently called
Carthe'gon,
BYNE, Malt
BY'RETHRUM. A sort of cap or Couvrechef,
filled with cephalic substances. — Forestus.
BYRSA, fivpva. A leather skin to spread
plasters upon.
BYRSODEP'SICON. A tan stnlF, with which
C^Lms AuRBLiAirus sprinkled wool, which he
applied in certain cases to the umbilieal region :
from fivpoa, * leather/ and jci//cw, ' I tan.'
BYRSODEPSICUM PRINCIPIUM, Tannin.
BYSAU'CHBN, fit>m /2vm, <I stop up/ and
asXWf 'the neck.' A morbid stifiness of the
neck. One with a short neok, — Simotraeke^luM,
BYS80S, Vulva.
BYSSUS, Bunuw^ The ancients gave this
name to several vegetable snbstanees, which were
used for the fabrication of stuffs prised for their
fineness, colour, and rarity of material. It is
now chiefly applied to the filaments, by the aid
of which the acephalous mollusca attach their
shells to the rocks. Byssus was formerly also
applied to the female pudendum,
BYTHOS, /3»^f, * depth/ An epithet used b/
Hippocrates for the fundus of the stomach.
OAA-APIA
154
CACHLBX
c.
C. This letter in the ohemieal alphabet sig-
nifies nitre. It is also eometimes used in pre-
■criptiouB for calx.
CAA-AP'IA, Donte'nta Bra*iUen*M sen cor-
di/o'lia sen placentoVdet sea viteVla. The root,
aocording to Piao, is employed as emetic and
anti-diarrhoeic.
CAA-ATAY'A. A plant of Brazil, supposed
to be a ppecies of gratiola. It is very bitter,
and considered to be one of the best indigenous
eatbartic9.
CAACICA, Euphorbia oapitata.
CAA-GHIYU'YO, Frutex hae'ei/tr Braxtlten'-
•**9. A shrub of Brasil, whose leaves, in powder,
are considered detersive.
CAAOPIA, Hypericum baociferum.
CAAPEBA, Pareira brava.
CA A PONG A, Crithmum muritimnm.
CAAROBA. A Brarilian tree, whose leaves.
In decoction, promote perspiration. See Cera-
tonia.
CABAL, Cab'ala, OahaTki, OaVhala, Caha'lia,
Kah'alay Gaballa, This word is from the He-
brew, and signifies knowledge transmitted by
tradition. Paracelsus and several authors of the
16th and 17th centuries have spoken much of
this species of magic, which they distinguished
into Judaic or theologian, and Hermetic or medi-
ciRol; the latter being, according to them, the
art of knowing the most oooult properties of
bodies by an immediate communication with
spirits, — the knowledge being thus acquired by
inspiration, and incapable of inducing error. It
was also called Art eabali^tiea, * cabalistic art'
GABAL'HAU. A plant of Mexico, according
to Dalechamps, which passes for an antidote to
white hellebore, and yet is used for poisoning
arrows. It is unknown to botanists.
GAB'ALIST, Cabaliw'ta, One instrnctod in
the Cabal.
CABALLATION, Cynoglosram.
CAB ARE Tt Asarum.
CABBAGE, Brossica— c. Cow, Nymphsea odo-
rata — c. Irish, Dracontinm foetidnm — c. Skunk,
Dracontium foetldum — c Swamp, Dracontium
foetidum-^. Water, Nymphsea odoratar— c. Tree,
Geoffrioa Inermis — c. Bark tree, Geoilrsea inermis.
CA6BAGIUM, Geoffrasa inermis.
CABUREIBA, Myroxylon Peruifemm.
CABUR^ICIBA, see Myroxylon Peruifemm.
CAC^'MIA, Oaehig'mia, from *ro«oy, 'bad,'
and 'ai/ta, * blood.' A faulty or morbid condition
of the blood.
CAC^STHB'SIS, CktetuBfthe'nt, Oaeoattht'-
•if, fW)m Karotf ^foad,' and ateOnnt, 'feeling.'
Morbid sensation. Morbid general feeling. ^-
dispoftition.
CACAFBRRI. Perrl subcarbonas.
CAC'AGOGUE, Gaeoffo^gutf from Ktutgn, 'ex-
crement,' and ayetv, 'to expel.' An ointment^
composed of alum and honey ; which, when ap-
plied to the anus, produced an evacuation. —
Pauflns of JB^ina.
CACALBXITBRIA, Alexiteria.
CACA'LIA ANTEUPHOR'BIUM, Anfeu-
plkor'himn. A plant, which Dodoens and others
considered to be capable of tempering the caustic
properties of enphorbium. It ia also called
Klein'ia,
Many varieties of the Caoalia are used, in dif-
ferent counU4es, chiefly as condiments.
CA'CAO, Ca'coat Caca'vi, Quahail, Caeava'ta.
The cocoa or chocolate nut; fruit of Theobro'ma
CfaeaOf Co'eoa CaettviferiXj Cki'cao miner tea
tati'vti, Caeao theobro'wm/ Familjf, Halvaeeti.
Sex, &f9t. Polydelphia Pentandria»
CACATION, Defecation.
CACATORIA, Diarrhoea.
CAC'ATORY, Cacato'riut, from eacare, 'to |^
to stool.' Febrit eaeato'ria ; a kind of intermit*
tent fever, accompanied by copious alvine evaena*
tions. — Sylvius.
CACAVATA, Cacao.
CACAVI, Caeao, Jatropha manihot
CACCB, Bxcrement
CACCION^B. A sort of pill, chiefly formed
of catechu, recommended by Baglivi in dysentery*
CACBPHEBOTE'SIA, from km^, 'bad,' and
t^t0orris, 'puberty.' Morbid puberty. Diseasa
occurring at the period of puberty.
CACHANG-PARANG. A sort of bean of Sn-
matra, mentioned by Marsden, whose seeds are
given in pleurisy. Jussieu considers it to be the
Mimo'ia $.eanden§,
CACHECTIC, Caehee'tet, Cachec'ticH$, same
etymon as Cachexia. One attacked with ca-
chexia. Belonging to cachexia. Caehe^tiea
remed'ia are remedies against cachexia.
CACHEN-LAGUEN, Chironia Cbilensis.
CACHEXIA, from koko^, 'bad,' and 'c^if,
'habit' Stat%iM ecichee^ticue, Cachexy f Bvtthe'ti*,
(F.) Cachexie, A condition in which the body
is evidently depraved. A bad habit of body,
chiefly the result of scorbutic, cancerous, or ve--
nereal diseases when in their last stage. Hence
we hear of a Scorbutic Cachexia, Caneerotie Ca-
chexia, Ag. Sauvages and CuIIen have included
under this head a number of diseases — consump-
tions, dropsies, Ac. Cachexia has been some-
times confounded with diathesis. Cachexia 7e-
ter'ica is jaundice or icterus itself, or a disposition
thereto. Fluor albus is sometimes called Ca-
chexia Uierina,
Cachxxia. Africaha, Chthonophagia— c Cal-
culosa, l4ithia — c. Cancerous, see Cancer — c
Chlorotio, Chlorosis — c. Dysthetica, Dyscrasia —
c. Icterica, Icterus — c Lymphatica farciminosap
see Equinia.
Cachexia Londxnxr'bis. The paleness and
other evidences of impaired health presented by
the inhabitants of London. A similar cachexia if
seen in those of other crowded cities.
Cachexia, Marsh, ^F.) Cachexie paludienne.
The state of cachexy observed in m^arious dis-
tricts.
Cachhzia SATVRimnE, Satnmismns.
Cachexia, Scorbutic, see Purpura — o. Sero*
phulosa, Scroftila.
Cachexia Sple'kica. The state of seorbutSo
cachexia, which often accompanies diseases, es-
pecially enlargement of the spleen, Splenafyia
^engalen'eie, in India.
Cachexia Ybitbrba, Syphilis— o. Venous, Ye-
nosity — o. Yirginum, Chlorosis.
CACHEXIE, Cachexia —e. PalwUenne, Ca^
chexia, marsh.
CACHEXY, Cachexia.
CACHIBOU, see Bursera gvmmifera.
CACHINLAGUA, Chironia chilensu.
CACHINNA'TIO, from caehinno, 'I langh
aloud.' A tendency to immoderate laughter, as
in some hysterical and maniacal affections.
CACHIRI. A fermented liquor made, in Cay-
enne, from a decoction of the rasped root of the
manioc. It resembles perry.
CACHLEX. A smiJl stone or pebble, found
CACH08
15$
CADAYEROUS
tlie ae* sbors. One of these, when healed in
tlk« fire, ftnd cooled in whey, oommanioates an
Astringency to the liquidi so that it was anoiently
€«teemed to be useful in dysentery. — Galen.
CACHOS. An oriental fruity apparently of a
Solan am, which is esteemed lithontripUo.
CACIIOU, Catechu.
CACHRTS LIBAKO'TIS. An nmbelliferons
plant which grows in Africa and the South of
Svrope. It is aromatio and astringent. Its seeds
mre extremely acrid.
Cachrts Maritdta, Grithmum maritimum.
CACHUN'DB. An Indian troch or pastUe
•ompoeed of amber, mastic, musk, cinnamon,
aloes, rhubarb, galanga, pearls, rubies, emeralds,
nraets, Ao. It is regarded by the people of In-
ma as an antidote, stomachic and antispasmodic
CACO, race, properly only an abbreviation of
jMcvc In composition it means something de-
lecUve ; as in the following words.
CACOJESTHBSIS, Cacsssthesis.
CAGO-ALEXITERIA, Alezipharmic
CACOCHO'LIA, from «ajco(, 'bad,' and x^Xv*
'bile.' Diseases induced by a depraved condition
of the bile.
CAC'OCHROI, Oat^oehri, from M«or, 'bad,'
and X9^* ' colour.' Diseases in which the com-
plexion is morbidly changed in colour.
CACOOHYL'IA, from vmo;, 'bad,' and xvXo(,
'ehyle.' Depraved chylification.
CACOCHYM'IA, Kakoehym'ia, Chrrttj/Ho
Humo'rum, from c«of, 'bad,' and x^f^r 'juice,'
'humour.' Oaeoeh'ymy, Depravation of the
fcumonrs.
Cacocrtmia PLrvBiA, Lead poisoning — cu
Scorbutica, see Purpura — o. Sorophulosa, Sero-
Ma — 0. Venerea, Syphilis.
CACOCH'TMUS, Oacoehym'ieu§. One attacked
With caoocbymia. Belonging to caoochymia.
CACOCNB'MUS, Oaeocne'mieua, Jfalis §vru
nrttdi'tu9 ; from cacof, 'bad,' and «yiy/(f, 'the
leg.' One who has bad legs.
CAOOCORB'MA, from jra«of, 'bad,' and npctt,
'I purge, or cleanse.' A medicine which purges
aff the vitiated humours.
CACODiB'MOK, from caMr, 'bad,' and Satfitav,
* a spirit' An evil spirit, to which were ascribed
many disorders. The nightmare.
CACO'DES, fttnn cam;, 'bad,' and o^w, 'to
tmell,' — maU oUm$» Having a bad smell ; Caeo'-
dia, Caco^mia,
CACODIA, see Caoedes.
CACO^THES, 0aeoeth'iev9, ttom xaKos, 'bad,'
Bnd M^t, 'disposition, habit»' Ac Of a bad or
vitiated character, as uieu§ eaoot'tket, an ulcer
of a malignant character.
CACOBTHICUS, Oacoethes.
CACOGALAO'TIA, Cdeoga'lia, from M«»r,
'bad,' and yaXa, gen. y^aitToSf 'milk.' A bad
condition of the milk.
CACOOALAC'TICA, same etymon as the last.
One who suffers from a bad condition of the milk.
CACOGAliIA, Cacogalactia.
CACOGEN'ESIS, from cuKOf, 'bad,' and ym-
WtSt * generation.' A morbid formation.
OACOMORPHIA, Deformation.
CAC0M0RPH08IS, Deformation.
CAGOPATHI'A, Pcu'tio Mala, from niitor,
*bad,' and ra9os, 'affection.' A distressed sUte
of mind. — Hippocrates.
CACOPHO'NIA, from tant, 'bad,' and ^ttvn,
'voice,' vUia'ta vox, A dissonant condition of
voice.
GAGOPLAS'TIG, duxmlaa'Hem, J^9pkum€W.
ie; from KuKot, 'bad,' and irAaffffM, 'I torm.' Sus-
ceptible of only a low degree of organization, as
the indurations resulting frt)m low or chronic
Inflammation^ flbro-cartiUigei oisfliosis, Ac
GACOPRA'GIA, OaeoprearU, from MKo^f
' bad,' and nfarru, ' I perform.' Depraved eon*
dition of the orp^anic ftinetions.
GAGOPRAXIS, Gacopragia.
CACORRHACHFTIS, from icMot, 'bad,' and
pax^tr 'the spine.' Cacor'rhachfi, Caeorhaehi$f
Caeorhacki'tiMf SjxmdylaVgxa. Deformity of the
spine. Disease of the spine Spontaneous luxa-
tion of the vertebrse and ribs dependent upon
internal cau ses.
GAGORRHTTH'MUS, ArrKyth'mm, from ra-
Kos, 'bad,' and fv^ftos, 'rhythm,' 'order.' Irre-
gular.
GAGO'SIS. Mala <f«WtV'to, (F.) Vict, A
bad condition of body. — Hippocrates. A diseased
condition in general.
GACOSIT'IA, from mirar, 'bad,' and vinev,
'aliment' Disgust or aversion for food — Fa»*
tid^ium ct&o'rwm.
GAGOSMIA, see Gacodes.
GACOSOMrUM, from kmos, 'bad,' and mtftOf
' the body.' An hospital for leprosy, and incura-
ble affections in general.
GAGOSPERMA'SIA, Oaeoipenna'tia, Oacot-
per'mia, from raco;, ' ImuI,' and vwep/ia, ' sperm.'
A bad condition of the sperm.
GAGOSPHYX'IA, from varo;, 'bad,' and
9^v{if, ' pulse.' — VUio'nu ptd'nu. Bad state of
pulse. — Galen.
GAGOSPLANGH'NIA, from nurof, 'bad,' and
nXayx^o^t 'a viscus.' Indigestion. The ema-
ciation dependent upon imperfect digestion.—*
Siebenhsar.
GAGOSTOM'AGHUS, from «•«»;, 'bad,' and
vTOftaxoi, 'the stomach.' What dis^^es with
the stomach. Indigestible — Gorrssus.
GACOSTOMATOSPHRESIA, Breath, offen.
sive.
GAGOS'TOMUS, from mico;, 'bad,' and arofta,
'a mouth.' Having a bad mouth.
GAGOTHYM'IA, Vtt'ium An'imi, from M«e^
' bad,' and ^vfiof, ' mind,' ' disposition.' A vitions
state of mind. — Linden.
GAGOTRIBULUS, Gentanrea calcitrapa.
OAGOTRIGH'IA, from cocor, 'bad,' and Opt(,
iy«cv ' hair.' Disease of the bur.
CAGOTROPH'IA, from nKot, 'bad,' and rpo^v,
'nutrition.' — Vitio'ta nvtrtVio /—disorderea nu-
trition. — Galen.
OACOUf Cagoi, Gatochn.
CACOU'CIA COGCIN'BA, Covein'ea, Ooe^
etn'«a, Schoutba'a eoeein^ea, Txhimma. A peren-
nial twining shrub of South America, the plant
of which, as well as the fruit, is possessed of
emeto-cathariic properties.
CACTIEB, Gactus opuntia.
CAGTUS OPUN'TIA, Opuu'tta. The India»
Fig, (P.) CaeHer, Ha^usite, Figuier delude. This
plant grows in South America, Spain, Italy, Ac
Its fruit, which has Uie shape of the fig, is of a
sweetish taste, and colours the urine red when
eaten. Its leaves are considered refrigerant
The fruits of different species of cactus are
called Tuna;
GADA'BA, Stro^mia. A ge^ns of the fkmily
Cfapparidu$f natives of India and Arabia. The
young shoots of the Cada'hafarino'ta are ooosl>
dered to be an antidote against venomous bites.
GADA'VBR, Puma, Neeron, A dead body /
amft/eel/ a earooM, (F.) Oxdavre, The word
has been supposed to come from eocfo, ' I fall ;'
and by some to be a contraction from earo data
vermtbuBf * flesh given to the worms.' (?)
GADAV'BROXJS, Cada^trie, Cadavero'tut,
Neero*de; (F.) Cadavireux, Belonging to th*
dead body; as cadavtroiu tmelL The Cadav*^
•revs or Jaijipoerafie face (see F«oe,) Is an
^P*Xff*
CADDY INSECT
156
CAFi
fikTonrable sigu in dUeose, and generally denotes
a &tal termination.
Uadav'erous or Caday'eric Hypera'mia.
The hypoHtatio byperumia obserrod in depend-
ing parts of the dearl body.
CADDY IXjSECT, see Ectozoa.
CADE, Juiiiperus oxycedrus.
CADEJI-INDI, Malabathrum.
CADFiL-AVANACU, Croton tiglinm.
CADI A. An Efo^yptian, leguminuut plant.
The Arabs attribute to it« fresh loaves the power
of relieving colic
CADIVA INSANIA, Epilepsy.
CADMEA, Calamina, Tutia.
CADMI'I SULPHAS. CadrnVummlpku'ricwm,
SnlphoM Cadmi'cmf Mcli'ni Hulpkas, Klapro'tkii
Hu/phttn, Klupro' thiuM Sulphu'rieumf Melinum
tHulphu' ricuoif Sufphate of CadiHtum, Used in
spots on the cornea, and in chronic torpid inflam-
mation of the conjunctiva, in the quantity of half
a grain to a grain to the ounce of water.
CADMIUM SULPUUKICUM, CadmU Sul-
phas.
CADTCHU, Catechu.
CADUCA HUNTERI, Decidua— o. Passio.
I!pilcp.<4v.
CADU'CITY, ImheciVUtat, DehWiia; Cadu'-
eitatf from cuderCf 'to fall.' The French uho the
word CaduniU fur the portion of human life which
is com prided generally between 70 and 80 years.
The a;^ which precedes decrepitude. It is so
termed in consequence of the limbs not usually
possestiing sufficient strength to support the body.
The precise age must of course vary in indi-
Tiduids.
CADUQUE, Decidua membranar— c. i?(/7^c&ie,
see Decidua membrans^— c Vraie, Decidua mem-
brana.
CADURCUS, Vulva.
CAD US, Kahof. A Greek measure equal to ten
gallons English. — Pliny. Amphora.
C^CA, FORAM'INA (ANTERIUS ET POS-
TERIUS) are situate at the fore and back parts
of the tuber annulare of the brain, and at the
extremities of the depression made by the verte-
bral artery. The former is placed between the
nerves of the third ; and the latter between those
of the sixth pair.
CJ5CiK lI^MORRnOi'DES, Blind PHet,
(F.) Hemorrhoidet aveugUi, are those unaccom-
panied by any dincharge.
CiiECAL, CiBca'lU. BeIongin<; to the caecum,
from etBciitf * blind, hidden.' The Caeal arterie$
and veina are the branches of the Artencs et vents
eoUca dextrtF. in/ertoret, distributed to the cascum.
CICATRIX, Cicatrix.
CiE'ClTAS, C<e'cUa9, Caettu'do, Abfep'na,
Ohcatca'tio, Occaca'tio, Anap'tiOf Tjf'phloU$f
Typhlv'nUf Blindnettf (F.) AreugUmentf Cicitif
Perte dc la vue, Crocitas may be dependent upon
many different diseases, — as upon amaurosis,
specks, hypopyon, cataract, glaucoma, ophthal-
mia, Btrophy.of the eye, dkc.
C.i:ciTA8 Crepuscitlaris, Hemcralopia — c.
Diurna, Nvctalopia — c. Xoctuma, Ilemeralopia.
CiRCITUDO, Cwcltas.
CiECUM, Ctecunif /nte»ti'nnm emcumf Monom'-
et^hon, 3fonom'acum, Jfonoeo'lonf J/baocti7um,
Ti/phU/teron monoeo'lonf Typhlot'ernm, Typhlo'
Mn'tenim, Initf'iHin inte»ti'ni craan'f Saccut Intc9~
titii erntti sou Coli, CtrcHm Caput ooli, Caput calif
Prima eefln eoli, fnit"ium extu'heranM coli, from
c<r.cH*, 'blind.' The Blind Gntf so called from
its being perforated at one end only. That por-
tion of the intestinal canal which is seated be-
tween the termination of the ileum and com-
mencement of the colon ; and which fills, almost
vhollj, the right illao fossa; where the perito-
neum retains it immovably. Its length is aboil
three or four fingers' breadth. The lUo-emcml
valve or Valve of Banhin shuts 00" all commuU
cation between it and the ileum ; and the Apptttm
dix vermi/ormie ccBci is attached to it.
CvECUM Fora'hbn of the frontal bone is a mall
ca\'ity at the inferior extremity of the internal
coronal crest or crista. — Franto-tthmoidal /uro-
meit, (F.) Trou aveugle on borgne, Morgagni hat
given the same name to the small cavity in tlit
middle of the upper surface of the tongue, new
its base ; the sides of which are famished witk
mucous follicles — Lacune de la langue—{C}k»)
CecuH, PuLBouoxoua Tumoub of the, Tjm
phlo-enterilis.
CiECUS. <BUnd.' One deprived of aig^^
Ttfpklope, (F.) Aveugle, Borgne. In anatomy^il
is used to designate certain holes or cavitiiB^p
which end in a eul^-eae; or have only oiM
opening.
Blind Duett of tke Ure'tkra, (F.) GmJmm
aveuglce de I'urkthre, are the Jiueaue Letewfmm
of the Ure'thra,
CiELA-DOLO, Torenia Aaiatica.
CiEMEXTUM, Lute.
CJilRULEUM BEROLINEXSE, Pmaain
blue— c. Borussicum, Prussian blue.
CiERULOSIS NEONATORUM, CyanopaOij.
C^SALPI'NIA, CcBealpi'nia eappan, Sappem
or Sanip/en wood, (F.) Br^lltt, Boit de Sappeau
A small Siamese tree, the wood of which ia natd
in decoction, in cases of conttsion.
Brazil wood, Pemamhueo or Femamhveo «wnL
formerly used as an astringent, is the wood or
CjEsalpik'ia EcHnrA'TA. This is the proper
Brazil wood ; but another variety in commeroa it
the BraeilettOf from Caealpinxa Braeilientis, tad
C. critta, which grow in the West Indies.
The Nicaragua or Peaek-tcood is analogou At
this, and is sold to be derived from a spoeiflt of
CsDsalpinia.
The kernel of CjEgALPiH'iA Bokdttcell'a, fbt
seed of which is called in India Kutkuleja
Kutoo Kurunja, ia given aa a febrifuge
Dose, ten grains.
C^SA'REAN SECTION, Gted'rean opera'^
tion, Tomoto^ia, Oesea'rea eectio, Partue cmeaf^
retu, Opera' tio caea'reei, Metrotom'ia, (F.) Qpl-
ration Cftarienne, from ctedere, 'to cut.' Am
incision made through the parietes of the abdo-
men and uterus to extract the foetus. In thli
manner, Julius Caesar ia aaid to have been ex-
tracted. — Pliny. It is also called Hjfettrotom'iu,
Hyeterotomotoc'ia, Oaetrometrotom'ia, Oaeierkjft^
teroVomy, Gtutrometrot'omi, GaMtrokytterotfom^f
(F.) Operation Ciearienne, An incision haa ben
made into the uterus through the vagina, oonati*
tuting the Vaginal Catarean Section, GvMtrtiw^
trotom'ia, Gaetrocolpotom'ia, Lapara<^potom'tmf
Laparoelytrotom'ia, (F.) Opfration dtariieMM
vaginale. The Ciesarean section may be re-
quired when the mother dies before delivery }-—
when there is some invincible obstacle to delivety
from the faulty conformation of the pelvis; or
when the child has passed into the abdomJatl
cavity in consequence of rupture of the utenia.
C.ESARIES, Cf4)Ulua.
C^SIUS, aiaucoma.
C^'SONES, Ca'earea. Children brought iali
the world by the Caesarean operation.
CJilSU'LI^. They who have gray eyet.
C^.SURA, Cut
CJ<:TCIIU, Catechu.
CAF, Camphor.
CAFAL, Agrimony.
CAFAR, Camphor.
CAf£, Coffeiu
CAFi
157
CALAMUS
CAF^ 2 LA SULTASB. This name bos
in given to an infusion or decoction of the
ground coqwf or pericarpa which rarronnd the
coffee.
CAFE CITRIN. The aqneone infasion of
ttutMfted coffee, to called on accoont of ita yel-
lowish tint.
CAFBYER, Coffe* AraUea.
CAFF A. Camphor.
CAFiBR, Coffea Arabica.
CAFUR, Camphor.
CAGAS'TRUM. The principal or ^rm of
diManes which are commanicable. — Paracelsns.
CAGSEUX, Cagoi, See Eyllosia.
CAGOSAXGA. Ipecacuanha.
CAOOTS, (F.) A name given to deformed and
■iserable beings, met with in the Pyrenees, Bern,
aad Upper Gascony, in France, where they are
abo called Capot*. In other districts they are
eaUed OixiUf OiMitaintf OrMnt, Gahet; Capon*,
OUihertt, Uacoua, Cagneux, Ac See Critin. The
word Cagot is supposed to be an abbreviation of
0»i« (rr/f Am« ' Dog of a Goth.'
CAGUE-SANGUE, Caquewngue,
CAHIXC^ RADIX, Cainom radix.
CAI'EPUT OIL, Oafeput oil, Kgapnety, Ca~
fmm'ti (yUuM, The voUtile oU of the leaves of
JMcrfrv'ca CafapH'ti, a native of the Molncoas.
Tha oil haa a strong, fragrant smell, like cam-
phor; taste pungent and aromatie. It is stimu-
HBt, and oseful where the esaenUal oils in general
»i employed. It has also been called Oil of
Wkmthen^ from the person who first distilled it.
CAiLLE, Tetrao cotnmix.
CAiLLEAU, Lantana.
CAILLE, Cards.
CAJLLELAIT BLANG, Galium mollago-^.
?f«M, Galium verum.
CAILLOT, Coagulnm.
CAINANiB RADIX, CaincsB radix.
GAIN'CiiB RADIX, Radix Chiocoe'ca, R.
Omum'mm sea CaninmuB sen Cahinea seu Aa-
iktem sen Serpenta'ria Brnzilien'fiHf Cainca Root
Hm bark of the roots of Chiococc'a angni/'uga,
Ck. denn/o'lia, and, perhapa, Ch. racemo'$a, a
plant of the F<nnily Rubiacea. Sex. Sgtt, Pen-
Monogynia, of Linnsens. It is bitter,
and diaretic, but has not been long intro-
Dose of the powder, froin^j to s^ss.
Dr. John H. Griscom, of New York, considers
is a remarkable analogy between the Cain-
Mi and the Apoeynum caHnabinnm.
CAnCrrO, Chrysophyllum Cainito.
CAIPA SCHORA. A euenrbitaceons Malabar
^aat, tha fmit at which has a pyriform shape.
TIm Joiee is drunk in that country for the pur-
poaa of Arresting hiccough. The fruit, when
wipeiy is emetic.
CAISSB, Case — c. du Tambour, Tympanum.
CAITCHU, Catechu.
CAJAN*, Phaseolus creticus.
CAJUPUTI, Cajeput
CAKES, WORM, STORT'S. Thesewere
aOMpaaed of calomel and fatap, made Into cakes,
aad eoloored with rinnabar.
CALABASH TREE, NARROW-LXAYED,
C^escentia Cnjete.
CALADIUM ESCULENTUM, Arum escu-
GALAF, Salix jEgyptiaea, A large-leaved
IgypUan willow, called, also. Ban. The dis-
liUcd water of the flowers, caUed Ifaeahalef,
y as sc s , in that country, for an excellent ant-
aphrodisiac. It is also used as an antiloimic,
Mtiscptic, and cordial.
CALAGUALA, see Calaguala radix.
OALAOERI, Vemonia anthelmintioa.
OALAQIRA£^ VamoaJM mathelnUntiM,
I
CALAGUA'LJB RADIX, Calamie'lte Radim.
The root of Pot upo'dium Culagun'fa seu adiunti^
/or'mi sen eona'cctfm seu ammi/o'liiim seu ar-
gen'teum seu poVitum, A^pid'ium coria'ceum sea
/errugin'evm sen dit'eolor, Tecta'ria calnhuala
seu /errvf/in'ea, Calaguahf Calahuola. It Las
been exhibited in Italy in dropsy, pleurisy, con-
tusions, abscesses, Ac. Its properties are noty
however, clear.
CALAIIUALA, see Calagualae radix.
CALAMANDRIXA, Teucrium chamndrys.
CALAMBAC, Agnllochum.
CALAMBOUK, AKullochum
CALAME'DON, from raAa/ioc, 'a reed.' Tliis
word has had various sipiifi cations. Some have
used it for an oblique fracture of a bone; the
fractured portions having the shape of the nib
of a pen. Others have used it for a longitudinal
fracture ; and others, again, for one that is com-
minuted.
CALAMI'NA, Cnl'amine, from calaTnu$, 'a
reed,' so called from its roed-Iike appearance.
Cadmi'a, Chthmir, Oadmi'a lapido'ta nero'ea,
Cadmi'a Fo9'nh'$, Lapia Ai^ro'eua, Calim'ia, La^
pie Colamina'rie, Calamxna'rie, Car*boiia» Zinci
impu'ruMf (F.) Pierre ealaminaire. Native im-
pure carbonate of zinc. Calamine is chiefly used
for pharmaceutical purposes in the form of the
Calamixa PRiCPARA'TA, Lapis Calamina'ri* pra-
para'tue^ Car'bonae tinci impu'rua prapara' tue,
Zinci car'bonae prapara'tue, Prepared Oalamine;
— Calamine reduced to an impaliiable powder by
roosting and levigation. In this state it la
sprinkled or dusted on excoriated ports, or to
prevent excoriation, Ac.
CALAMINARIS, Calamina.
CALAMINT, Melissa Colomintha—c. Field,
Melissa nopeta---c. Mountain, Melissa grondiflora
— c. Spotted, Melissa nepeta.
CALAMINTA UUMILIOR, Glecoma hede-
raceo.
CALAMINTHA, Melissa C— c. Anglica, Me-
lissa nepeta — c. Erecta Virginians, Cunila Mari«
ana — c. Hederaceo, Glechoma hederacea — o.
Magno flore, Melissa grondiflora — c. Montana,
Melissa grondiflora — e. Nepeta, Melissa nepeta —
c Parvifloro, Alclissa nepeta — c. Pulegii odore,
Meli8!<a ncpet« — c. Trichotomo, Meli«>8u nepeta.
CAL'AMUS, caXa/iof, 'the reed.' In the Phar-
macopoeia of the U. S. the rhizoma of acorua
calamus.
Calamus ALKXAXDRi'^nrs. Cclsus bos thus
called o medicine, which was long confounded
with Calamu* Aromatieue. It is not a root,
however, but the stalk of a plant of India and
Egypt, probably the Andropo'gon Nardu: It
entered into the thcriaco, and has been regarded
as antihysterio and emmenagogue; — CalamuB
aromnti*:H» rerue.
Calamus AnoMATicrs, Acorns calamus — e.
Aromaticus venis, Cslamus Alexandrinus — c
Draco, C. rotang — c. Indicus, see Saccharum —
c. Odoratns, Acorus calamus, Juncus odorotus.
Calamus Rotano, C. Draco. The systematie
name of a plant, whence Dragon** BUtod, San-
gui* Draco'nit, Cinnah'arie Grac.o'runtj Dracon-
tha'ma, (F.) Sang- Dragon, is procured. It is
the red, resinous juice, obtained, in Indio, from
wounding the bark of the Cafanmn Rotting. It
has been used as an astringent in hemorrhages*
Ac. ; but is now rarely employed.
Calamus Scripto'rius, Anag'lyphit *a writing
pen,' (F*.) Foetette angulaire du quatri?me »«»-
trieule. A small, angular cavity, situate at the
superior extremity of the medulla, in the fourth
ventricle of the brain, which hos been, by fomv^
supposed to resemble a pen.
Calamvb Vvlqaku, Aootoi caluaiBi.
CALAPPITE
158
CALaS BICHLORURETUX
CALAPPITE. Rumphias hu given thU name
to calcalous concretions, foond in the interior of
certain cocoa nats. The cocoa tree itself the Mo-
lays call Calappcu Those atones ore, likewise,
termed VegetabU Bexoardt. The Malays attri-
bate potent yirtues to them, and wear them as
amulets.
CALASAYA, GinchonsB cordifolisB cortex.
CALBALA, Cabal.
CALBIA'NUM. The name of a plaster in
Myrepsus, the composition of which we know
not
CALCADINUM, Ferri sulphas.
CALOAIREf Calcareous, y
CALCA'NEAL, Calcn'neua, from calx, 'the
heel.' Having relation to Uie colcanenm, as
'calcaneal arteries.'
CALCANiO-PHALANQIEN DU PETIT
ORTEIL, Abductor minimi digiti pedis— e. Pha-
langinien commuHf Extensor brevis digitorum
pedis — c. Sottt-phalangettUn commiiit, Flexor
Drevis digitorum pedis — c Soua-Phalanginien
eommun, Flexor brevis digitorum pedis — c. Sotui-
phalangien du petit orteil, see Abductor minimi
digiti pedis — c. SuM-phalangettien eommun, Ex-
tensor brevis digitorum pedis.
CALCA'NEUM, from calx, 'the heel.' Cofoo'-
neu9t OalcaVf CaVciOf Ichnutf 0» Calcit, Pterna,
Pter'nium. The largest of the tarsal bones : that
which forms the heeL It is situate at the poste-
rior and inferior part of the foot ; is articulated
above and a little anteriorly with the astragalus;
anteriorly, also, with the os cuboides. Its poste-
rior surface,— called Heelf Talua, CalXf (F.) Ta-
lon, — gives attachment to the tendo-achillis : the
lower has, posteriorly, two tuberosities, to which
the superficial muscles of the sole of the foot are
attached. The mall Apoph'vfh or lateral Apoph-
y«i« of the Calca'neitm, (F.) Petit Apophye on
Apot}hy$e latirale du Calcanium, is a projection
at the upper surface of this bone, on which is
formed the posterior portion of the cavity that
receives the astragalus. The great Apoph'yie,
anterior Apoph'if»i$ of the Calca'neum, is the
projection which corresponds, on one side, with
the cuboides ; and on the other forms the ante-
rior part of the focette which receives the astra-
galus.
CALCANTHON, Atromentum.
CALCAR, Calcaneum, Ergot-^c Avis, Hippo-
campus minor.
CALCA'REOUS, Ca2ca'reui, Oalca'riue; from
ealXf Mime.' {¥.) Calcaire. Containing lime : —
OS culcareoue cf}ncretion»f 0. depoMitione, Sc
CALCAREUS CARBONAS, Creta.
CALCARIA CHLORATA, CalcU chloridum
— c. Chlorica, Calcis chloridum^-c Phosphorica,
see Cornu cervi— c. Pura, Calx— c Pura liquida,
Liquor calcis.
CALCARIiB CHLORUM, Calcis chloridum.
CALCATOR, Ferri sulphas.
CALCATREPPOLA, Centaurea calcitrapo.
CALCE'NA, CALCE'NON, CALCENO'NIA,
CALCINO'NIA. Words employed by Paracel-
sus to designate the concreUons of tartrate of
Ume which form in the human body.
CALCENOS, Calcetus.
CALCEOLA'RIA, from oaJceoluM, 'a small
sVipper;' Slipperwort,
Calckola'ria Primata is used in Pern as a
laxative.
Calceola'ria Triv'ida is esteemed to be febri-
ftige.
CALCE'TUS, Caleeno^miM, Oaice'noe, That
which aooucds in tartrate of lime. An adjective
ased by Paracelsus in speaking of the blood;
SangwB ecUce'ttie, Hence came tht expression
Oahined blood. Sang ealeinl,
CALCEUM EQUINUM, Tossilago.
CALCnOIDEA, (OS.) Coneiform boat,
CALCIA, Calcaneum.
CALCIOEROUS CELL, see Tooth.
CALCIG'RADUS, P(«nio6'a<M, from ealii^
wTtPva, ' the heel,' and fimiim, * I walk.' Oma
walks on his heels. — Hippocrates.
CALCII CHLORURSTUM, Caleia
Oxychloruretum, Calcis chloridum — e. OxydoBy
Calx vivo— c. Protoohloruretonit Calcis chloridom.
CALCINA'TION, CaUina'tio, OaleVnom, Com-
erema'tiot from ea2x, 'lime.' The aot of svbmit-
ting to a strong heat any infiisible mineral wtk'
stance, which we are desirous of depriving elthtr
of its water, or of any other volatiliiabU sob-
stance, that enters into its composition ; or whidi
we wish to combine with oxygen. Ahum is ctU
oined to get rid of its water of ctystalHiatUwi ^—
chalkf to rednoe it to the state of pure lime^ by
driving off the earbonio aoid ; and eerfatn mt tmh
are subjected to this operation to oxidise thesL
CALCINAT0M MA JUS POTBRII, Hydm^
gyrum pnecipitatum.
CALCINONIA, Calcena.
CALCIS BICHLORURETUM, Caleb ebkrU
dum — e. Carbonas, Creta — o. Ciftrbonoa diin%
Creta, Mormor — o. Carbonas friabilis, CreCa.
Calcis Car'bohab Prjeciptta'tus, Prteif^U
toted Car'bonat^ of Lime, Precipitated Okmk,
This preparation, introduced into the last editko
of the Pharmocopeeia of the United Stotas, is pn-
pared as follows : Liq. Caleii Ckiorid. Cvss; Adm
Carhonat. S>vj ; Aqum deetilloL q. s. Dissolve tha
carbonate of soda in six parts of distilled water;
heat this and the solution of ohlorido of ralciam,
separately, to the boiling point, and mix. Wash
the precipitate repeatedly with distilled walv^
end dry on bibulou!* paper. It has the ssmt
properties as creta prseparata, and Is preferred to
it in certain oases, — for example, as an ingredient
in tooth powders, owing to its freedom frOM
gritty parUcles.
Calcis Chlo^ridum; Chlo'rideo/'Lime, ChU^
ruret of Lime, Hypocklo'rite of Lime, Ckloritej^
Lime, Oxymu* Hate of Lime, Calxeklorina'ta, (Pa»
U. S.) Protoxichlor'uret of Calcium, Caica'riu dbla-
ra'ta, Chlortan Calca'ria, Chloretum Calea'rimg
Caharia Cklo'rica, Oscycklorure'tum Oaleiif Pr^
tochlorur^tum Caleii, Chlorure'tum Oxidi Oaieii,
Bichlorure'tum Calcis, Oxymu'riae Oaleief Cai tm
Hypochlo'rie, Calx oxymuriat'ica. Bleaching Pom-
der, Tennan^t Powder, (F.) Protoricklorwrt ds
Calcium, Ohlorure de Vhaux, Oxicklorure de
Ckaux, Ohlorure d^ Oxide de Calcium, BieUamM
de Chata, Oximuriate de Chaux, MurieUe surev-
ig4ui ou Oxigini de Ckaux, Poudre de Blaud^
ment, P. de Tennant. A compound residting ftnai
the action of chlorine on hydrate of Hma.
Chloride of lime is a most valuable disinfeetilng
agent, (see Disinfection,) when dissolved in the
proportion of one pound to six gallons of water.
It has likewise been employed both internally
and externally in various diseasea, as in scrofb]%
foetor oris, foul ulcers, Ac Ac.
Calois Hepab, Calcis sulphuretom — c Hy-
dras, see Calx^-c Hypochloris, Calcis ohloridtna.
Calcis Mu'rias; Muriate of Lime, CabeeMtmt
Caleii Chlorure'tnm seu Cklo'ridum, Chloride ff
calcium, (F.) Chlorure de ccdeium, MuriaU <m
Jfydrocklorate de Chaux. This salt has bMB
given, in solution, as a tonio, stimnlanti Ac, fta
scrofulous tumours, glandular obetmetions, g eai
ral debUity, dko. A Solu'tio MunWtie (£m^
I Liquor Calcie 3furia*tie, Solution of liuriaie ly
! Lime, Liquid Shell, may be formed of Jiuriate
! of Lime 5J, dissolved in dittilled Koter f^
I The LxQuoB Calco Cbloridz or SoluHvm rf I
OALOTEU
rU* (/ Gtleiiim, ot the Phumaeopceta of the
UoiMd Sulca, i* prepared u fullani; — ifarhlt,
ia rnguinU, gii, Munatie oeid, OJ; J)i«iIUd
■Htir, ■ ■Bflciaul qnaadtr. Mil (lie acid with
■ hair pint of the wsler. aod grsduoll; odil tha
■KtMe. Tawardi (he doaa of Uie eSeireicencc
•pptj « s«ida beU, and, *fai
roBwl, poor off the olrar luiDor and evitpDraW
dTjDcn. IiiseolTe the roiiluiim in iU weight ii
k liolTiifdudUed w&Uir, ud fllMr. DoK.bi,
Stfc UK U fS), in a capful ot
Clu^is Oxihdbia-I, Caldi ohlaridnm.
CiLda ScLPBiRi'TDH ; £r«»r CnUI
pimnt y L.*«<, (F.) Prolo-htdnmil/al,
■>■!>, l/gdr«iil/vu lii ciau. Principall; naci) Caic
la iotoliaB, ai a tnth, is itcb sad olhor culoDcaiu
CAX^ITBA, Ferri nJiAaa.
CAUZETBOSA, nnmbi Dijdain Mnniritrvnm.
CAL CITH Oa. Cvpri eabHOtu.
CALOITRAPA, CentiiBrra CaleiCnipa, Del-
^laina eoaiolida — e. UippophEatum. Cenlaa-
lU e^cjtnpa~- c SlaUata, Centanrea calflitrapa.
CALCIDU, CHLORmE OF, Ca)d* moriav—
e. CUonm rfe, CaJeii marUe— e. Cl^r.n d'Biidt
d€, bint eblaiidum — c. ProtiAgdroidfaU dr.
Caleb lalphnrctma — c pmimiehlnrvrt ds, Cnl-
<u ^lotiJoBi — c, Pfotoiichlumrel of, Colcii
«h)iiridBm — 0. ProlDiide of, Cslx.
CALCO-SCBPHALANOEUS MINIMI DI-
OITl, AMaetnr miB<mi digiti pedis — e. gnbpha-
lansFUi pDlIidi, Abductur puUida pedit.
CALCOC'OS, Belt-ioelaL
CALCOIPEA. (o<sicnl»,) Cuneiform tonei
CALCOTAR. Ftrri tuJphai.
CALCL'L. (Mealat.
CAtrilLELX, CalctdDBL
CiliCT'LI, tee Caleolni — c. Arfl-Tiliir. bm
Oaleuli AnhriUc,- aod Coooretioiu, aiLicului.
CiiLCiru, AmtLakTma, tat Calcali, nrinary.
Ciucuii. Aethiut'ic, Tojiki, Tuba'iiala ar-
liril'lra, Ckalli-,lam^, Ifodf, (F.) PUrrf eroy-
nun, OtUmU ortirMqHa, Mirtdi. CencrctioDi,
whitll form in the ligamenU, and within the cap-
■alv of the jnntis in penmu alfeelad with Eont-
They are compcxod of uric acid, enila, and a little
aaiiBal matter; Terjriirelj, orate urilnig and ehlo-
rida of »dinm are met with. Blmilru- calculi are
SiiiBdiB utbar parte bedds* IbeJuiDli.
CiL'ct-Li, Bu.'u*T, OaFcidi bilia'ti tmfdl'ei
•en b-lia'rii, BiVinn OmerMioiu, OalUbrntm,
rioWiUiu, ChoUrUkiu, (P.] CakaU blliaira,
•- aafirl. Some of these coDUin oil the
k or (h* bile, and aeem t« be nothing
nior« than that lecrttion lliickened. SeFeril
tMBtaln Pitnimil; and the greater partare coDi-
p<n«l of thin SS l« 04 parte of CkolfMerin, and
of tna « to 12 of the jellow tootter of the Inle.
Biliary oalenli are rauit lhii|iientl7 tunnd in the
gatl-bladdar : at other tiraea, is the aahatoDee of
the llror, in the branehcs of the Pncim htpatiriu,
or in tli« i>iHme 0>n«anu OkBUdacknt. The
«f»t are oalleil f^illt ,- the accoiid Bipatis ; and | the
the laM, sameliDicii, Brpalae^ific The canrcs
whieh giie riee to Ibem are vary obieur*. Otlea
they oeeuloa no aneaiiueii, and at other limes Taay gei
the ■japlonii may be confagnded with UiOM of
hepatiiii. At timei, they are rajeeled by tbe
bl* quantify of bile, which hul accamulated he-
hind them : at other timee they ooeuion Fiolent
abdominal inHarennUipni aboceaiet, aud hiruiry
letnlie, riiptore of the gall-bladder, and fatal
aSuiloQ Into the peritooBam. The piunage of n
gall-alune >■ erlremely painful; yet the pulie i>
ided upon. Tbey cannot reach tl
BoNi EiBTH, lee Catcali, orlniiry — o,
UomppDod, DSB Calculi, urinary — e. Cyclic, tea
Calculi, urinary.
Cal'culi, arTBEEiBB,(F.](^{ei>/>(fcr(>rfiV(r.
Hard, light, and inHommahte eoncreljcne, which
Docor iu the mcniiu nurfifon'm uin-xni, »nd tn
merely Indurated eernmen. They are a frequent
- of deufneee. They eon be eaelly lecn, and
ted by appropriate forceps, afler
ing buen dataahad by Injetlioua of luap and
I, Catanli, biliary — 0. Fuiible,
abieeagei and fiEtulu
I ha« been made
CiLcDi.T, LtTHic, ne Calonli, nrinary.
Cu'ciiu or TB> UAHKf, (F.) Oilru/e At
ifamilUi. Haller gicea a o»e ff a coiicretion,
of a yetlowifh-while Bolour, which bad the ifaapo
of one of the excretory dnot* of the maniiuarj
gland, bavlog been eitraeled from an obicwa
eeated in thet argiio.
Calculi, McL»KRnT,see Caloull, nrinary,
~ ' THE Pah'ci ." - ■ ■
Pak'cheii, (F. C«lcuU d»
a but little known. Ano-
Paner.
logy bu Induced a belief that Ihey reieuibla
(he nlivory. Some bare eappoaed that eenain
Iraniparont calonli, rejected by TOmiling, or
poHSed in the evacuationa, hare proceeded from
the pnncieai, bat there ceemi ta be do reoooD fui
Ihir beUef.
r*i.'cDU or Tim Ptiwt, Qi.*nn, (P,) Cn^cKb
(lie aHDC CO
mposition
ai the preeeding. They
usually present (be jympiome common
tumeroetion
of the prai
late, and (ometm
cathou
of calculi in
the id ad de
C*i.'cvu
RT, (F.) CaU«l
««fM8.
ona are »ery frcquenUy
m^Vwidi in
the dead
ody, without .e
ninf to
mt lyraptuujB do
riig life.
At Dt'her ti
net, Ihey are ■rcompanicd
trlOi all
the tymploni
B of phthiei., PhikLi. calr
Bayle. At time) (boy
Wilbuut
he euportt.
olion of a
or unpleaoant, a
vrnplom.
nolly formed of carbonate
of lime
jid*M^'al
n*l(«r.
OiCevl.' faliva'h'. S!a-
^lct,l, <R.J.*»t>ee. Cuncretioni,
OBually farmed of pboapbate of lime and iniinal
matter, which are daTeluped In Itio aubotuioe of
■■ iry glanda or in their eierelory duola.
rat case, they may be miataken for a
■'* igof (be gland; t" ' -- -
rally be delerted by (bo
eh. They
CiL'Ol
The«<
u been called OaPc
ula lap!dt'a.
ERIAT'ID, (F.) OlklU
luncnTtbe
deatli. They cc
detected during life. No anaiyui boa been made
Cai.'CDU or TBB StOVACH and iNTEa'nNU,
AxervfiCtw, E. OaPeuhu, Oiproi'itiw, Oner*.
CALCULI
160
CALCXTLI
fjo'nec aJvi'na, (F.) Caleult de Vettomac, C. in-
teatinauXf PUrrea atercoraleSf ConcrMotu inteati-
nalea. Calculi of the stomach are rare, and have
almost always been carried thither by the anti-
peristaltic action of the intestines. The symp-
toms occoiiioncd by them are those of chronic
gasttriti^i. It has been imagined that the conti-
nued use of absorbent powders, as magnesia, will
give occa:<ion to them.
Intestinal concretions, (F.) Calenla inteatinauXf
are not uncommon in animals (see Bezoard:)
bat they are rare in man. The causes which
give rise to them are little known : sometimes a
biliary calculus affords them a nucleus. Their
composition varies. They are light, hard, very
fetid, and not inflammable. They are formed,
ordinarily, between the valvulsa of the small in-
testines, or in the cells of the large, and some-
times in old hernia;. Whilst they do not ob-
struct the passaj]:e of the alimentary mass, they
produce no unpleasant symptoms. At times, the
movable tumour which they form may be felt
through the parictes of the abdomen. They are
generally evacuated per anunu
Cal'ctli of the Tonsils. Calculous concre-
tions, which sometimes form in the tonsils. (F.)
Cyilcnla den AmygdaUa, They are easily recog-
nised by the sight and touch: sometimes they
are discharged by spitUng, eitber done or
the pus of an abseess occasioned by thair pra*
sence. They have not been analvzed.
Calcfli, Triple, see Calculi, niinazy— flk
Uric, sf.e Calculi, urinary.
Cal'culi, U'rikabt, OroFiiki, (F.) CWedb
urinairea, Pierrea urinairea. ConcreUons wUek
form from the crystallizable substances in thm
urine, and which are met with not only in th«
whole course of the urinary passages, but in fl»-
tuluus openings wherever tlie urine stngnatas
naturally or accidentally. Their causes are bnl
little known. They are more common at the two
extremities of life than at the middle, and mora
so in some countries and districts than in othenu
At times, a clot of blood, a portion of mncns, At^
form the nucleus. The symptoms and trent»
ment vary according to the seat of the cnloolaa.
There is no such Uiing probably as a medleal
solvent, See Urinary CalculL
Modem chymists have demonstrated the exist-
ence of several ^components of urinary calenl^
viz., Lithic Acid, Pkoaphate of Lime, Ammamiaco^
Ifmjneaian Pkoaphate, Oxalate of Lime, Qfsfie
Oxide, and Xauthie Oxide, with an animal ce-
menting ingredient The varieties of calculi, pro-
duced by the combination or intermixture of theeo
ingredients, are thus represented by Dr. Paris.
a tabular YIBW of DirFERKlTT SPECIES OF URINARY CALCULL
•rKCIKK OF CKL-
rru
1. LITHIC or
uaic.
9. XULBBBRT.
3. BOXB KAaXH
4. TRIPLK.
5. rOtlBLB.
6. CTBTIC.
7. ALTKRN4-
TIKO.
8. COMPOUND.
KXTfCRiTAL CHABACmUk
Form, a flattened oval. S. O-
RPiierHlly e.xceoila 1,500. Cotoir,
brown ii<h or fawn-like. Surfaea^
smooth. Jltztura, laminated.
Colour, dark brown, l^iture,
harder than that of the other
np'-rips. SO from 1.42H to 1.1)70.
Stir/aea, studded with tuiiercles.
Cotomr, pale brt»wn or prny;
aurfact, smooth and poliahed ;
Wntetiir*, regularly laminated ;
the lamina: easily separating
iritd concrete crusts.
Colour, gi^nerally brilliant
white. Surface, uneven, studded
with shining crystal*, less com.
pact than the preceding species.
Uetwtx'n its laniine small cells
occur, filled with spaikling par-
ticles.
Colour^ grayish white.
Very like the triple calculus,
hilt it is unstratiflifd and more
compact and homogenous.
Its section exhibits different
cnncpniric laminc
No characteristic furm.
CHYMicAL ooMPoarnox.
It considts principally of LitUe
Jicid. When treated with nitric
acid, a beautiAil pink substance
n'Hults. Thi» calculus is slightly
soluble in water, abundantly so
in the pure alkalies.
It is oxalatt nt iima, and is de*
composed in the flame of a spirit
lamp swt.-lling out into a white
efflorescence, which is fuiek-
lime*
Principally pkowpkata of Uma.
It is soluble in muriatic acid.
It is an umfaonxato-magiLaaia-u
pkoaphate, generally mixed with
phoHpliate of lime. Pure alka-
lies decompose ii, extracting its
ammonia.
A compound of the two fore-
going species.
It consists of ey«Cfeoxiife. Un-
der tlie blowpipe it yiekls a pe-
culiarly fetid odour. It is solu-
ble in acids, and in alkalies,
even if they are fully saturated
with carbonic acid.
"Conipimnded of several spe-
cies. alternnti ng with each other.
Tlic ingredients are separable
only by chymical analysis.
amAmsa.
It is the. prwnrailiaf
specie* ; bat the surfkee
sometimes occurs line
ly tuberculated. It fhh
quently oonslitnlea the
nuclei of tbe other spe-
cies.
This species iucludes
some varieties, which
are remarkably smooth
and pale-cnioured, re-
sembling hampaafd.
This species attaiRS a
larger sise than any of
the others.
n Ji very fhsible,
melting into a ritreom
globule
it is a rare spedeai
I. Renal Calculi, (F.) Cnlcnla rinaux. Those
have almost alwaj's a very irregular shape:
at times, tlicre is no indication of their pre-
sence : at other?, they occasion attacks of pain
io the kidneys, sometimes accompanied with
bloody or turbid urine. Often, they cause in-
flammation of the kidneys, with all its unplea-
sant results. They are generally formed of urio
acid, animal matter, and oxalate of lime, with,
sometimes, phosphates. The treatment will have
io TMij, iureording to the absence or presence of
inflammatory signs, — relieving the irritation bj
opiates. A surgical operation can rarely be ap-
plicable.
2. Calculi of the Uretera, (F.) CalcMla dm
Urit^rea. These come from the kidneys, and do
not produce unpleasant effects, unless they are
so large as to obstruct the course of the nrine^
and to occasion distention of the whole of tlM
ureters above Uiem ; or unless their surface is ■•
rough as to irritate the mucous membrane^ aiiA
oeeasLon pain, bemorrhage, abscesses, die The
CALCUUFBAGUS
161
OALIGO
yfap daring the pasmge, is ■omethuM rerj vio-
Mtit» eztendiB; to the testicle of the tame side
In the male; and oocneioning a numbneei of the
thii^ in both lezea. The treatment conaiBli in
general or local blood-letting, warm bath, and
opiate*.
3. Oaiemii, Veneal ; Stone in the Bladdery
JLUk'ia Yfiea'lie, LitkCaeie cvt'ftea, L\thi*a9i$
wmieaUie, (^eto-Uthi'aeie, Ih/twria ealculo'ea, D.
irrita'ta, Cal'eulue veeCciB, (F.) Caleuh vMcaux.
These are the most common. Sometimes, they
proceed from the kidneys: most commonlyi they
are formed in the bladder itself. Sense of weight
In the perinsBom, and sometimes of a body roll-
ing when the patient changes his position ; pain
or itehiag at the extremity of the glans in men ;
Creqnent desire to pass the urine ; sudden stop-
page to its flow; anji bloody urine — are the chief
ligns which induce a suspicion of their existence.
We cannot, however, be certcdn of this without
lonnding Use patient. Sometimes, when of a
mall size, they are expelled: most commonly,
they remain in the bladder, the disorganisation
of which they occasion, unless removed by a sur-
gical operation.
4s. Calculi Ure'thraL They almost always pro-
ceed from the bladder. The obstruction, which
they cause to the passage of the urine, the hard
tumour, and the noise occasioned when struck
by a sound, indicate their presence. They are
removed by incision.
5. Calculi of Fie'tulout pa«$age». These arise
when there is some fistulous opening into the
vrethra. They can be readily recognised, and
Buy generally be extracted with facility. (F.)
C^eule plnefe kora dee voiee urinairee. See Uri-
uiy CidculL
Cal'cuu or THS TJ'TEitrs, (F.) Caleuh de
rUiinuu These are very rare. The signs, which
hidicate Uiem during life, are those of chronic
enfforgement of the uterus. Their existence, con-
aeqaently, cannot be proved till after death.
CALCULIF&AOUS, LithontripUc.
CAL'CULOUS, (F.) CalculeuXf OraveUux,
That which relates to calculi, especially to those
of the bladder.
CALCULS BTLIAIRES, Calculi, biliary—
e. de rE*tomnCf Calculi of the stomach — c. de la
Olamdc PinSalcy Calculi of the pineal gland — e.
InieetinauXf Calculi of the stomach and intestines
— c. LacrjfmanXj Calculi, lachrymal — e, de* Ma-
mellee^ Calculi of the mammae — r. de VOreiUef
Calculi in the ears — r. dn Pancrfae, Calculi of
the Pancreas — c. Plar(» hare dee voive ffrinaire«.
Calculi of fistulous passages — c. Pulmonaireef
Caleali. pulmonary — c. Bfnntur, Calculi, renal —
e. Salirairet, Calculi, salivary — r. Spermntiquee,
Caloali, spermatic — r. Urinaireft Calculi, urinanr
— c. dee UrMre9f Calculi of the ureters — c. de
rUUrme, Calculi of the uterus — c. VMeatut, Cal-
eali, vesical.
CAL'CULUS, Lapie, Ltthoe, Xi5of. A dimi-
native of ealr, a lime-stone. (F.) Cn^cti^, Pierre.
Calculi are concretions, which may form in every
part of the animal body, but are most fre-
qaently found in the organs that act as reservoirs,
and in the excretory canals. They are met with
fai the tonsils, joints, biliary ducts, digestive pas-
•agest lachrymal ducts, mammae, pancreas, pineal
gland, prostate, lungs, salivary, spermatic and
vrinarr passages, aud in the uterus. The causes
which give rise to them are obscure.
Those that occur in reservoirs or ducts are
topposed to be owing to the deposition of the
laMtances, which compose them, from the fluid
M It passes along the duct; and those which
m the substance of an organ are regarded
11
as the product of some chronic irritation. Their
general effect is to irritate, as extraneous bodies,
Uie parts with which they are in contact; and to
produce retention of the fluid, whence tboy have
been formed. The symptoms differ, according to
the sensibility of the organ and the importance
of the particular secretion whose discharge they
impede. Their eolution is generally impracti-
cable: spontaneous expulsion or extraction is
the only way of getting rid of them.
Calculus Besoar, Bezoard — c. Dentalis,
OdontoUthus — c. Encysted, Culeul ehatomU — c.
Sublingualis, see Calculi, salivary — c VesicsBi
Calculus, vesical.
CALDA8, WATERS OF. Caldas is a small
town, ten leagues from Lisbon, where are mineral
springs, containing carbonic and hydrosulphurio
acid gases, carbonates and muriates of lime and
magnesia, sulphates of soda and lime, sulphuret
of iron, silica, and alumina. They are much
used in atonic gout. They are thermaL Tem-
perature 93° Fahrenheit.
CALDE'RIiE ITAL'ICJE. Warm baths in
the neighbourhood of Ferrara, in Italy, much
employed in dysuria.
CALE BASSES, Cucurbita lagenaria.
CALEFA'CIENTS, Cale/acien'tia, Thtrman'.
liVa, from calidua, * warm,' and /acio, * I make.'
(F.) Echavffante. Substances which excite a de-
gree of warmth in the part to which they are
applied, as mustard, pepper, Ac. They belong
to the class of stimulants.
CALEFACTIO, icknuffemenU
CALENDULA ALPINA, Arnica montana.
Calendula Abveic'sis, Caltha Arren'eie sen
officina'lie, W7W Mar'igold, (F.) Souci dee
Champ*. This is, sometimes, preferred to the
last. Its juice has been given, in the dose of
from f^ to f5iv, in jaundice and cachexia.
Calen'dula Ofpicixa'lis, C. StUi'va, C7<ry-
ean'themum, Spon*a *oli*f Caltha vulya'ri* / Ver-
ntca'riaf Single Mar^igold, Garden Mar'igoldf
(F.) Soueif S. ordinaire. Family^ Synantherese,
Syngenesia necessaria, Linn. So called from
flowering every ealend. The flowers and leaves
have been exhibited as aperients, diaphoreticsy
Ac, and have been highly extolled in cancer.
CALENDULAS MARTIALES, Fernim am-
moniatnro.
CALENTU'RA, from ealere, 'to he warm.'
The word, in Spanish, signifies fever. A species
of furious delirium to which sailors are subject
in the torrid zone: — a kind of phrenitis, the
attack of which comes on suddenly after a broil-
ing day, and seems to be characterized by a de-
sire in the patient to throw himself into the sea.
It is only a variety of phrenitis.
Calentura Continua, Synocha.
CALENTU'RAS; Palode Calentu'ra*. Pomet
and L^m^ry say, that these words are sometimes
applied to cinchona. Camelli says, they mean,
also, a tree of the Philippine Isles, the wood of
which is hitter and febrifuge.
CALF OF THE LEO, Sura.
CALICE, Calix.
CALICES R^NALES, see Calix.
CALICO BUSH, Kalmia latifolia.
CALIDARIUM, see Stove.
CALIDUM ANIMALE, Animal heat— o. In-
natum, Animal heat
CALIGATIO, Dazzling.
CALI'GO. 'A mist' Achlye, (F.) Brouillard.
An obscurity of vision, dependent upon a speek
on the cornea: also, the speck itself; Caligo cor*^
nea, Mac'ula eomeet., 3f. »emipeltu^cida, Phthar-
ma caligof C. i nephel'io, Hehetn'do vi*ii*, 0, 4
Leucr'mati, ITeVula, Opake cornea, Web-«|»» \]P4
CALTHACHA
19
CILUMBA
Ca-z^o Lirrrt*. C&sarsi^ — f. PaT--i«. STrf-
CAlIIUrHA CAXELL-A. Lattu tuffim.
null a*a.rr
■•-■•if
jr.*"*" i:.:* rtti*
£re«»«u /'■*■?*"« Br-'r^mw r«*wa. GiAa4'«t n<r«-
l"c ■«. /:*.-'. Ti.''.:'i B^'n* r<<i*m. T&cij
t::T.--^r Tir>- 5?*:=; 6 :.j if ir es-rl kii£.«T.
CALLIF:LEPU'ARUM. fr:ni c.VW?. 'Ua-sTr.'
CAr.LiCA.VTHT:?. ri!v»c:huf.
r .KLLl C C C A IPECAC TAN HA, Ipccacs-
CAT.LIT.EAi?. Pascrnf.
CALLI'tMAK'.nrs. Tai-ilago.
CALLIP.EbLl. fr.>Tn ca»»«. -l-eaixtT/ and
T«4;. r jt*-.;. ■ A ci.:l L' TL« *rt vf l.«Z4t£iz.j^ l««3-
lif-l '.:.;. ir-L. T}.:* waj thr :I:I* ^ii" a |.-.t31 >t
Clfcy i r V . : . 1 -rt, ; c 1 '• J 5 : •* Ci'' '/>« ■ 'ui • Ti < •-»'< ^i ■'-
«'.'<? ^"-x.* ^li-ri'/tf r'l'i'oN*.'* The B::.:b'.<r *b-
i-r:> •crr-.-c». tha: the l*aa:T i-f cLilirtn i*
»5*<*-rl 'T •;-.* frr.^fctl'rn? whzfh t-e moiher ex.-
CALLIPERS OF BAUDELOCQUE, Ke Pel-
Tirc*vr-
CALLIPESTRIA. Cofmetic-.
CALLIPHYLLUM, A*i.!enium trichom*-
vzyyi, 'T.d'.u.-rk*.' \ c<»gnomen of Venui, owicg
to L-rr ?^-^an*:ful ca:e*.
CAL'LITP.Ii? ECKLO'Xr. A South African
tr*7^f ynt. OrH. Crir.iferae, from the branches
ao'l c.T.^ of «h!';h a jtjm ^riuif?, iLai r-.-sCit-
b!«r" G"iro San'larar. This Is fui-o-issfallj u*e«J
in \\sK f'jrm of faui;,'ai:oDS in g'juty rheuxn:iajm.
tt'Jemi'oT.' •welling^. Ac
Cjillitt.:« rrpR/.s5-jii»E*. a common ebrub in
tL« L^i/i.'-'-'jrliO'jd of Ca^< Town, exudes a simi-
lar '■i'-UT'-e.
'^■ALL*.».*ITA?. In'i-xration — c PalpebFamm.
6<;!er.»^:*>— ^. Ve-fricie. CT«tauxe.
CALLO-S'ITT, CnUJ'itnt, Sf^yro*, T-^lK T^Jhm.
lf/mi, I/^rmatolyW*i9» Ifermntot'yfwt, PuruJi^ Er-
p\j'mn 0*iUh». IIar-!n?<!s iD<luratii>n, and thick -
ce?« of the »kin, which a^fumt?? a hornv confix i-
eac*.', in pltur'?'* where it is expttoed to con^tan:
pr-.--tire. I'F.i DvriUon, Al*o the induration,
which !»• objK^rved in old woauds, old idcertf, fis-
toloriii pa^'Hzt^. Ac.
CALLOCS, C'af/o'fH.. OcA/»oVe», from «!//««.
<har=Ineii«.' 'F.) Cntltux. That which is hard
or in'liirate<L .A CaVont ileer u one whose ed^ed
are thirk and in'hirated.
CALLr.M PEDLS, In«tep.
CALLUXA EUICA, Erica vulgaris — c. Tul-
gar!>. Erica ruljniris.
C A LLCS. Ca!u0, CanHMf 09ittt*jflu», f F.) 0^^
The bonj matter, thrown out between the frac-
tured extremities of a bone, which actJt as a ce-
ment. anJ as a new bony formation. The word«
are. likewise, used occasionally in the same sense
fts CiiHo-ity.
CaLLrs Piionno5AL. When the shaft of a
Ion;: b'»ne has Wen broken throu;rh. and the ex-
treuiilieB hare been brought in exact jnxtapo!*i-
tioD the Of V matter, first oasified, is Uuii Which
>'<-r7=«« lie win a ! p^ntioB of die depod^ nd
ci .« t^.z.z.vrM -ji-i si44eI!ajTcaTxtaet (^the bnkia
«: i*. frsL-zz a kird of plug* vkich enten eack.
T'uii wi.« :-ir7a.M ly M. Impaytren Che |»inr1U
ei.r^ Cillzf-
'. . '. Z .V.i y r.r. 5*-iidTei.
CALJ:E. F. The icceml that fvpantet tb«
74r:xj*=.* :f an araie «« dunoeie disca^ie. When
tl^ typ-s id i::terzi:&ei:ly the vord ulc/mMeioii ll
CALO>reA. CahiabA.
CAL<>MEL. HTdrarjjri nbmvriw.
CALi'MEL sfwL^. A term applied to tlit
p-t^c. fj '!=.&.: h-lixe. eraeuBtiMif oecauoned by
the :::vnml ':l** -'f «he ax!d chloride of MercBiy.
. CAL"MELA.\OS TORQUETI, Uydraigyii
C^loxel.\t:*s TrsQrm. A name gireo by
. R:T»rlcf i'> i:»rja::Te fillsL prepared with eato-
zc^!. rslr-hir. aci n*zn cf jalap. — Dictionariet.
CALf.'MELAS. Hydrargrrisvbmnriast.
CaLO'>'IA. n >«*!«. An epithet fonnerij
give- :.-. xTTTh. — HipfioermiesL See Myirha.
. CALCPIITLLUM IXOPHTLLUM, tee F*.
' jrara •i-irac-ira.
~ CAL'I'P.. H<^t — cAnimalia, Animal best—
c. Njiriru9. .Acimal heat.
CALORiriTi.Y.^Calont^'ita*. ThefteoHy
' r^<»«^?«-e~'i ty Urinz bodies of generating a nifi-
ci'.-n: <iU%Rti?T •-•f cai>'^r:e to enable them to reiiit
a:'^--lh?nc cv'.-L and to preserre, at all timet
. and :r. er^ rr r^krt. a temperatofc nearly eqnaL
- See .\n:mal Hea:.
CALORIFA CIEXT. Otfonyioaf, Oifor^.
i n>ij. C«i«'«>ri"n'a«.- from color, 'beat,* and/aecr«y
! ■ to make.' Haricg the power of proidaeing
• heaL Rcl'>.s:ii; to the f-ower of prodocing hcaL
I CALORIFICA'TIOX. Oi/oiviea'rio» from eo-
?' -. • h-a:,* cr. 1 .-•* — '". * to be made.' The fonctioa
, uf pro>tucinr animal heat.
; CALORJyiSES, from eo/or, «he«f The
came under which M. Baomee proposes to ar^
ran;e all d!«ea«es. characterized by a sensible
chuL^v ii: lie ^r.aciiiy of animal heat. The tW*
, I'on'rif «'« form the fir^t class of his Xosology.
CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA, Mndar— c Mm-
darii. Mu'iar.
CA L TTE, F. • PiU 'of vn. Anatomiata some-
times gire the name. Caloitt aponfrrtaiqttey to
\ the aponeorosij of the occipito-irontAlia musde,
which covers it externally ; and that of Calotte
du rrrtH< to the ifh'i -cap.
i i'nltAU is al>o applied to an adhesive plasto*,
\ with which the hcrad of a person labouring under
tinea capitis is sometimes covered, after Uia hair
j ha« bc«:n i>have'i i.ff. This plaster ia pulled snd-
; denly and viuicnily off. in order to remove the
i bulbs i-.f the h.iir. It means, also, a sort of coif
I m?de of boiled leather, worn by those who have
I under j^onc the •: pvraiion of trepanning, Ac
C. \LOT TE hW >>7 HA .VCA\ Condom.
I CALTHA ALPINA. .Arnica monuna— e. Ar-
ven^:?. Caltrndulu arvensis— c. Officinalis. Calen-
dula arven«i« — c. VulcarL*. Calendula officinalia.
CALTROPS, see Trapa natans.
CALUM'BA. (•../..!« •^. rn/MMi'6a, C*ilAm*ha^
t'Ph. r. S.:'' C:fuml^, RndU C^lumf^, (F.) Oi-
i luiuK* i>u OVi:r.'«". The root of JitHitjtvr^tAitm
j j-iliH<i'tiim. CWrMhf9 ftnlma'tu*, indigenous in
lu'iia ami Africa. Its o<lour is slightly aromatic;
I ta.«te unpKusuntly 1 ittcr. It is tonic and anti-
5«?pl:c. D.ise, pr. 10 to 35 *o powder.
Cai.C^BA. Amekii'AN, Fnut'ra Wnhrri, F.
rVirr.'-'iiiVn'*!*, /'. '{fiiriMa'ltB, Strer'tia difform'h,
.nV. Era**'ra, Anrrtmn or Mttriftta ColMmhOf
Imiinn Ltttvct, YrKoK* CtntioHf GvlJcn Stnlf
M*'iti-,K vri»if, Pyr*amidf is used in the
C4L£C£ as t:ie true Culumba.
CALira. Cmllu*
CALVA, Cruiiam.
put«p«ully; tbe ■knll-aapj-
CA[.%'BR-& PHYSIC, Leptudi* Vir(tiiic*.
CALVITIES, CWnC'i'u, fkal'acra. Phala-
m'M, etairiT'iti, 0)>li'wH, DrpUa'lio Oap'-
itU.fiaUtrB'ma, Madan'tU, Liptvlriek' >a, J/aU-
■r>i^ Ac, from cahw, 'bkld,' [F.] OI,itit«<U.
AWna* of hur, particnljU'l; M liia top of, •nd
hihioA, Of bttiL CalnWUi palptbra'mwi,—
lea* of lb* etc-luliM.
CALX. lAma, Oi'n'uni r^rrs, Pn>I<H-'>'<I< d/
CaTriim, Cahm-ria pura, (?,) ChaMT. The lime,
oaptajvd in phiTinie;. should be raceatl^ pre-
pared bj oitlciDMioD. When italer It epriDkled
«/ limi, — tba OalBii Hijdrai at the Xdudan phv-
C*i.>
•htqnddH
s. ChloriDftlo, tMt\t
t, Buuulhi, Uiimutb,
Cu.1 > Tm«Tii ; lima prapued IWnn ahelts.
It kM pnbabi; DO mBdiciDiJ kdTknUgei ov<
(hat prepared from marble.
Calx OiTHUUATici, Calcia chlaridmn.
Cu.1 Vivi, Oi'idun <?i>['ri'i'. (^fOj! rcceni, A
aaw KU, niZ< afto, CaU d OaU eiea, Linr o
QmtiliKt, (F.) Clou n'H. The utsmal opi
ntlon of calx riya U eachiratie, bat it ii rarel
■ ■■ - ■ II I
if Liquor Calcl
f,"*T«-
•nploTed iDtfnialT; ii
CXVtCASTR-nB.aFhr'ulaf^CallUan'liiiy.ir)
CSanJa'aa AlUpiet, Smti-taiUtii •)
tknt. An ludigoiaiu pluit; Ordii
Uiaoaa ; with pnipliab flowan, of ill
•Ue odonr, wbieh appear from Uari
na rvol b poaaaaaed of emetic pmpoi
CALTPTBANTHES CORYOPIiYLLATA,
Hrrtiu fanaphiUala.
CAU'STEllIA SEPIUM. Coniolmlai teplam
— a. galdanalla, CodtuIcdIiu loldimeUa.
CALTX. CaUi.
CAJfAKA, CiWa.
CAMARBZ. MINERAL WATERS OF. Ca-
taarn i> a imall raaton near Ejli
departmcDl of ATejron, Fiaooe, nhere tbeie are
widulou chaljbaatEf.
CAMARO'SIS, amani'ina, tnm h/>u>i,
Taultl* Oattra'lia, ruturfinn'Iw Cra'nii.
fpairfaa of Eraaton of the akoll, In which the fn
«(Mi an plaoed m ai to form a vault, nith
bMC nattng on the doia malar. — Ualea, Poo]
CAJIBDia. A tree of the HoIdcm Iilandi,
ban Ui« hark of which a kind of som-ieaia ei-
■ifaa, *faMi kaa b«D highly extolled id djaen-
~ - ' le reaemblaocB to
CAMPH0RO8MA MONSPELIACA
■glum, OanJiu-aiom. It I* called, alio, OMm,
•III) jfiintu, Oitmmii Oultn, (.'sl^uii'na, Callt,
>';in. G. ^nnurn'oI'-iE, G. d« Goa, G. </c Jrmi..
Utlajt«,«^,IJMllaaawinn'dra,guwimiai{pod-.
oorax, Cambist or OamLoge. Ac, IF.) Ooim'
(Iniic. Or^. Uultifern. A jcllow Jnlce obuined
from UcbradciMtmn Cattlmjiiiii'dit, ud other
> of the natural familj OattiTera, but it ii
iDwn from which of IbeBi the olEciDal oam-
bo^ is obLainod. It ia irjodoroni, of an orange
;ellon coIoDr; opa^e and brittle^ fnwtarc,
drutio catbulla, amelje and utbel.
1 is lued in riseenl obatnctJuiu aad
dmpij, and wherever puwerruj bjdragogne sa-
Uiailies are lequired. Do» from gr. ij to vi, in
~ iffdert united with calomel, squill, Ac
CAHtuoU Qvrct, Garoiaia cambogia.
CAUBU'CA, Camiue'ca mtmbra'la. Bnbou
and 'anereat uleers, seatod in tbe groio or Dear
' e genital orgaos.— Parsoelaiu. See Bubo.
OAMELis. Cneoram tricoocDm.
CAMERA, Chamber, Famix. Vault— c Cordu,
ulcar>lium — 0. Oculi, Obambet of the eve.
CAMERATIO. GamaiDtis.
CAMF0R06MA, CunpbDiotma.
CAUIKOA. Cacella alha.
CAHI8LA FfflTtlB, Chorion.
CAMISOLE, Wujitccat, alnuL
CAMMARUS, Crab.
CAlfOMILLE F^TIDE, Antfaemfs eolaU—
Fmanit. Anthemii ootola — c. Romoiiu, Antba-
is BobUie— c. lUt TnHt^ritr: Anthcnis tineto-
a — c. Viilgairt, MaUlcaria ebamomilla.
0AM08IKBS, WATBRH OF. Camuriers ia
ouitOD, two leagues from Marseilles, whore are
FO *p[ing:a containing earbonnte of lime, mt-
~ ibtorida of sudium, Ac Tbe; are porga-
in skin
"JSSZZ
CAMBrUM, '
l^nn (0 a boeiad nuirtlive ju
Mppoaad to originate In the btoi
Iniisca afoTarj organ, aad produo
l:
their luoieaae.
CAXBO. UINERAL WATERS OF. A nl-
hga Id tb* daparttoent uf BaaKs PjrCnCea,
Pna*<v whan there are two mineral springs i
the one ui acidulons ehal^boate. the other lul-
pboraouji. Tcrapetalure. BJ" to Bll° Fahrenheit.
CAHBODIA, Canl»>gia.
CAUBO'QIA, trom Cambodia, in the Eatt 1
Hat, «h<Te it It obuuDed. Henee, likewlM,
CbatAa'dia, Oaw^'fittm, Gfubo'gia, Go
CAHOTEg, Contolvuliit bmalaa.
CAMPAONE, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Cainpagn* ie io tbe department of Ande, Franee.
The waters contain sulphate uid cblotoh; drals
of iiiii(-ri«sia. Tptnpemturo, HO" Pshreuheit.
CAMPAN'DLA. Diminutlie of UiKBoaa. A
bell.
CiHFiiHTLA Tnitfai'Ltow, Canitrlxiy Brtt or
CAMl'llOR. fVom Arab. Ca'pfiMr at Kam'p\w,
Oum'pkura, Oipktru, Oiffa. Co/, Ci>fMT. VojAf-
n, Auafor, CampMn, C-^pkoT, (F.) Campkn.
A concrete anbetaoee. prepared, b; diatlllatlon,
from Lavrat Campiora, Ptr'ta Cam'/ira, an
indigenous tree of the Eait Indie*. Ordtr,
Ltarinev. lu odour <s strong and fragrant: it
in lolatile, net easilj pol veritable ; toxlnre ctts-
lalline. Soluble in alrobol, ether, oili, vlntgar.
and sliKhtlj so in water. lu properties are nar-
cotic, diaphoretic, and sedative. Dote, gr. T. to
^j. DiMolved In oil or aJeohol. it ii applied
externallj in rbaumatie pains, brtiisef, sprains, Ac.
CiHPHnn WiTKH, Mikl«ra CampboiB.
CAMPIIORA'CEOUS, Campho-v'eiw. Rela-
ting to or onnlaining camphor j — aa a 'camphor-
BccMi onell or remedy.'
CAMPHORATA HIRSCTA at C. M0N8PE.
LIEN5IUM. Campboroima Mongpeliacii.
CAMPH'ORATED, Campiara'ha, (P.) Onia-
phrl. Relating t.. camnhori contunine cam-
phor; as a campk^raled ifiiiK, a eampkaraUd
dravi/kt.
OAMPHOROS'MA MONBPELIACA, C. Ft-
CbnpiLira'la Jbirau'la HU JfoMpe^ea'atMi, H<uie%
CAMPHBS
164
CANARIES
Citmphorot'mn, (F.) Oamphrfe de Montpfllier.
Fami/if, Atripliceo}. Sex, Sytt, Totnodria Mo-
noxynia. Thi« plant, as itif name imports, has
■11 odour of camphitr. It is rcf;arded as diuretic^
diupliurotic, ccpliaUc, antispasmodic, Ac. It is
alito railed CkauuBptu'ci and Stinkiny Qronnd
Pine.
C.iMrnonoiiMA Perrxxis, C. Monspeliaea.
CAMI*UHK, Camphor.
CAM run K, Camph<irat«l.
CAM runt: DE JIOXTPELLIEB, Cam-
|)hiiru:<nui Monspeliaea.
CAMI'OMANE'SIA LINEATIFO'LIA. A
tree, twenty to thirty feot hi<;h, which grows in
Peril, and whose fruit — ptdillu^ of a bright yellow
colour, and ns large as a moderate-siied apple —
liHS tin exceedingly agreeable scent, and is one
of the ingredients in making the perfumed water
culled inintitrn. — Tschudi.
CAMPSIS. Flex'io, Gurva'tio, InJIex'io, Bone
or cartilage, forcibly bont from its proper shape,
without breaking. — Good.
Campsis Dp.PRRasio, Depression.
CAMPYLOR'KHACUIS; from M^wXof,
' crooked,' and pa;((c, ' spine.' A monster whose
spine ii* crooked. — Uurlt.
CAMPYLORRHI'NUS; from M^nrrXof,
'crooked,' and fxy, 'nose.' A monster whose
nose i.-* crooked. — Gurlt.
CAMPYLOTIS, Cataclasis.
CAMPYLUM, Cataclas-is.
CAML'S, (¥,) Simu9, ne*i'mu9, Simo, Silo, Si-
7m«. One who has a short, stumpy node. The
French speak of ^Wx eamu$f * short nose.'
CANADA BURNET, Sanguisdrba canadensis.
CANAL, C'awu7»*, UHetim, J/ea'fifS, Poro9,
Och'rto9, (F.) Conduit, A channel for affording
pas.«agc to liquids, or solids, or to certain organs.
Canal, Alimen'tary, ('. Bigett'tive, C*tHa'ii»
cihn'ritu vel diyt-Bti'vunt Ductut eiba'riu», Tuhut
aliwenta'rxB sou intetliHo'rum, JJige»'tire Tube,
Aliitu:nt'arjf Duet or Tube, The canal extending
from the mouth to the anus.
Caxal, AaAcn'NOiD, 6\i«a7i» Jiichat*ii, Canal
of Bichnt. A canal formed by the extension of
the arachnoid over the transverse and longitudi-
nal fisisures of the brain, which surrounds the vena
magna Galeni. The orifice of the canal has
been termed the Foramen of Bichat.
CASAL ABTERIEL, Arterial duct — e. de
Bttithnlin, Ductus Bartholinns — c of Bichat,
Canal. nrur>hnoid — c. Bullular, of Petit, Oodronnf
canal — r. Carotidien^ Carotid canal — c. ChUf-
di"/u'., Choledoch duct — c. Ciliary, Ciliary canal
— c. of Cotunnius, Aqussdnctus vestibuli — c of
Fontanu, Ciliary canal — e. Ooudronnf, Godrom»f
cfiiiaf — r. Ift'ftatique, Hepatic duet
CwAL, Hv'aloid. a cylindrical passage, de-
Sf*riU'ii by M. J. Cloquet as formed by the reflec-
tion of tho hyaloid membrane into the interior
of lh«- vitreous body around tho nutritious artery
of ihrt lenM. M. CruvcUhier has never been able
I'i *•'•'! it,
Ca.vai.. Inn'sivE, see Palatine canals^-c. InfVa-
orbiuir, .'^iilKjrbitar canal — c. Inflexe dtt Vot tern,
poral, Cafftid cAnal — c. Interm4diare de$ ventri-
th/"*, Aqiiiftduntus Sylvii.
( : A ••• A I. J -sTr h'ti jr A i^ (-a nn'li* sen Ducfut intea-
tin't'i.>. 'I Uf. p<,ri.ion of tho digestive canal formed
\iy tb** in l<'R lines.
t'.KHKi. t,v jAroBHos, Canal, tympanic.
Caim., MKi>'i:i.i-ARr. Tho cylindrical cavity
III tbH iHt'ly or nil aft uf a long bone, which con-
UJfiM th*i marrow.
i'.AMAl., N' Ail 41., Lachrymal canal.
CA^Aii or Ni/«:k. A cylindrical sheath formed
ftfifind tb« round ligamnntii of the uterus by a
firo/o/tgMtJoa of ib9 peritoneum into the inguinal
CAXAL DE PETIT, Godronni eannl^e.
Pulmu-ttortiquef Arterial duct'~-e. Kachidteiii
Vertebral canal.
Caxal or SchIiRXV. A minnte circninr canal,
discovered by Profesjior Schlemm, of lU-rlin. It
i.4 i<itunte at the point of uiion of tho cornea and
sclerotica.
Canal, Ppijtal, Vertebral canal — c. Spire^da
de Cot tenijtffndf Aquocduetus Fallopii — e. de Sl»-
noHf Ductus salivulis superior — e. Thom^qmtg
Thoracic duct — c. VetneuXf Canal, venons — e.
Vulvo-uterine, Vagina — c. dt Wartkonf Daetw
salivalis inferior.
Canai^ TrM'pA!nc, Cana'lia tympan'icHt, OumI
of Ja'v*tb*'*n, A canal which opens on the lower
surface of tho petrous portion of the temporal
hone, between the carotid canal and the groove
for the internal jugular vein. It contains Jacob-
son's nerve.
Ca!cal, Venofs, Cana'lit sea Du:tn9 rriuf§im,
(F.) Canal rrinenx. A canal, which exists unify
in the fuetns. It extends from the bifurcation of
the umbilical vein to tho vena cava inferior, into
which it opens below the diaphragm. At timfl%
it ends in one of the infra-hepatic veins. It poui
into the cava a part of the blood, which passsa
from the placenta by the umbilical vein. AAw
birth, it becomes a fibro-ccllular cord.
Canal op WiRsrxa, see Pancroas.
CANA'LES BRESCIIETL Canals in tht
diploe for the passage of v^s ; so called afUr
M. Breschet.
CA5ALE8 CniCFLARES. Scmieimlar canals— 4b
Cochleae, Scalte of the cochlea— c. Lachrymalci^
Lachrymal ducts — c. Membranei rennm, ten Calls
— c. Tubflcformes, Semicircular canals.
CANALICULATED, Grooved.
CANALICULATU8, CanniU, Grooved.
CANAUCVL£, Gnvoved.
CANALICULI IIAVERSIAyi, Canals, nv.
tritive — 0. Laehrymales, Lachrymal dr.ets — e.
Limucum, Lachrymal duets — c. Semiciri-ularo^
Semicircular canals— c. Vasculosi, Canal 5, nutri-
tive — c of Bone, see Lacnns of Bone.
CANALICULUS, diminutive of eanalh, <a
channel.' A small channel. See Lacnns <.>f Bone.
CAN A LIS. Meatuji — c. .Arteriosus. Arterial
duct-^. Bichatii, Canal, arachnoid— c. Canalim-
latus. Gorget— c. Caruticus, Carotid canal— c. De-
ferens, Deferens, vas — c. Eminentiie quadrige-
minflp, Aqnseductus Sylvii^-c. Intestlc^rja, In-
testinal tube — c. Lachrrmali?. Lachrymal <>r nasal
duct^— e. Medius. Ai{U{pductui SvlTii— <. Mrdnlla
Spinalis, see Vertebral c*.>lumn— c. Xervcii? fivtn-
losus renum, Ureter— «. Orbitte oasalfs. Larbry-
mal or nasal duct — c. Scalamm c«>niici:r!^ In-
fundibulum of the cochlear. SemieirvUi'oris ho-
rizontali?, see Semicirviilar Carols ^- c. ftemieir-
cularis verticalis posterior, see Semitfirenlar Ca-
nals — c. Semieireularis verti'.'alis saforior, see
Semicircular canals — e. Tvmraziicns. Can a!, tym-
panic — c. Urinarius, Urethra— c. Vidiaauf. Pu*
rygoid canal.
CANALS OF HAVER?. Canals, natritiveof
bones — c. Haversian. Caeals. naomive. of bcnes.
Canals. Nutritive. C'*n*tU /;r the nurntimt
of boHe», Duetne nmtrit"*'. Caiuli^'mli r'^fmlo'n
seu Har^frna'ni, H^r^r'tfan Cai*4»^ 0-"-:h of
Haven, (F.) Canaux »"*rWct"tfni oo dn Xttritfon
dee o#, (S>ndmit9 ■o«rm>i"«»*^ "Ml i— fri > M-». The
canals through which the vessels p«j-i to the
bones. They are Xuit^i by a very jne i^zaioa of
compact textnrv. or are frHved in th-? textnra
itself. There is, zeoe rally, naf Urjr! Bstririnu
canal in a Ion; b<:'ce. »xcaa«e towaris its Diddle.
CANAPAOIA. Artfflii*-* TTiI,t»ris-
CANARIES. CLIMATE OF. The cUmato
of the Canaries cT*n:Iy nrwmble^ thai of Xft-
\de\nu l^iU «C ^« 'ooitt. hfiw«v«c. id
CANARIUM COMMUNE
165
CANCE&
•q«abl«, and the acoommodataon for invalids
much euperior.
CANARIUM COMMUNE, lee Amjm elemi-
CANART.SEED, Phalaria Canariaosis.
CANAUX AQUEUX, wtt Aqueon»--e. Ihrnx-
•ireulaireSf Samiciroolar canala — e, £faevlateur§f
j^aculatory dnets — e. NourrteierBf (^als, nuiri-
tiTe— <. de Nutrition det ot. Canals, nafcritive.
CANAUX DB TRANSMISSION, Accord-
ing to Bichat, the bonjr canals intended to give
passage to Yesseb and nerves going to parts more
or less distant ; as the Cana'Ht Oarot't'etttf Ac.
CANAUX VEINEUX, VenoM» OanaU, The
canals situate in the diploii', which oonvej Tenons
blood.
CANTAMUM. A miztare of several gums
and resinsy exported from Africa, where it Is used
to deterge wounds. Dioscorides calls, bj the
name caxar«^«v, the tears from an Arabian tree,
which are similar to mjrrh, and of a disagreea-
ble taste. He advises it in numerous diseases.
This name is given, also, to the Anime.
CANCAMY, Anime.
CAN'CELLATEB, CaneeUa'tuB, (F.) CancelU;
from Canrelti, ' lattice- work.' Formed of can-
celli, as the ' cancellated structure of bone/
CANCEL'LI, 'Lattice-work.' The Cellular
m Spongy Texture of Bcnet, (F.) Tiwm etUuleux;
eoasistingof nnmerouB cells, communicating with
each other. They contain a fatty matter, analo-
gous to marrow. This texture is met with, prin-
eipaily, at the extremities of long bones ; and
■one of the short bones consist almost wholly of
it It allows of the expansion of the extr^mitlet
of bones, without adding to their weigh't; and
deadens concussions.
CAKCEL'LUS, from eaneery <a crab.' A spe-
oles of crayfish, called the ITroa^ Heir, and Her-
nard tKe Hermit : which is said to cure rheuma-
tism, if rubbed on the part
CANCER, * a crab.' Car'cino9, Lwpta eancro'.
«iM. A disease, so called either on account of the
hideous appearance which the ulcerated cancer
presents, or on account of the great veins which
surround it, and which the ancients compared to
the elawB of the crab: called also Carcino'mtu
It consists of a scirrhous, livid tumour, inter-
sected by firm, whitish, divergent bands | and
occurs chiefly in the secernent glands. The
pains are acute and lancinating, and often extend
to other parts. The tumour, ultimately, termi-
nates in a fetid and ichorous ulcer, — Uleut
eaKcro'mm, It is distinguished, according to iti
stages, into occult and open; Uie former being
the scirrhous, the latter the ulcerated condition.
At times, there is a simple destruction or cKMnon
of the organs, at others, an enctpkaloid or ecre-
bri/orwif and, at others, again, a colloid degene-
ration.
For its production, it requires a peculiar di*«
thesis, or cachexia. The following table, from
Dr. Walshe, exhiSits the characters of the throe
species of caf^inoma :
The use of irritants in cancerous affections ia
strongly to be deprecated. When the disease ii
80 situate that excision can be practised, the
sooner it is removed the better.
Eueejtkalaid,
Resembles lobulated eersbral
oMiier.
Is commonly opake from ils ear*
liest formatiAn.
Is of a dirad white colour.
Contains a multitude of minute
Is lesB hard and dense than acir*
rbtts.
It f^u^ntljr (bond in the veins
issuing m>ra the diseased mass.
The prediNiiiosnt micraseopical
teU*mifnl* ara globulsr, not always
diftinctijr celluisf, aud caudate cor-
pusroln.
Oecs^ionally attains sn enor-
BMHia bulk.
Has been oiiserv«d in almost
every i ipaue of th<; body.
y^ry cnmmonly co-ezUts in ttt"
vera I parts or organs of the same
•abject.
L* remarkable Ibr Ils occasional
va«i rapiitiiy of growth.
Is IVeqnciitly th«> peat of inslerti-
tiai hrmorrhage and deposition of
Marh or bistre-coloured matter.
When softened into a pulp, ap-
pears as a dead white nr pink opake
matter of creamy consistence.
Saheutaneoiis tiimonrs are slow
to contract adhesion with the skin.
Uiofiratcd encephnloid Is fre*
qnently the seat of bemorrhage.
followed by rapid fuogotui develop-
ment.
The pffoyrs s s of the disesse after
ulceration Is commonly very rapid.
If Is the most common (brm un-
der whirh secondary cancer exhi-
bits itself
Is the species of csoeer mnet fre>
qasfltly observed in young subjeMs.
Scirrkus,
Eesemhies rind of bacon trs-
versed by cellulo-flbrous septa.
Has a semi-transparent gtoasi-
neas.
Has a clesr whitish or bluish
yellow tint.
Is comparatively ill-supplied with
Is exceediafly firm and denss.
Has not been distinctly detected
in this situstion.
The main micraseopical consti-
tuents are justapoaed nuclear cells ;
caudate corpuscular do not exist
in it.
Rarely acquires larger dimen-
sions than an orange.
lis seat, as ascertained by obser-
vation, is somewhat more limited.
Is not unusually solitary.
Oidlnarily grows slowly.
In comparatively rarely the seat
of these chsnges.
Besembles, when softened, s yel-
lowish brown semitransparent ge-
latinous mniter.
Bcirrhiis thus situate usually be-
come* a iherent.
Scirrhous ulrers much less fin-
quenlly give rise to hemorrhage;
and Aingous growths (provided
they retain the scirrhous charac-
ter) are now more slowly and less
sbundsntly developed.
There is not such a lemarkshle
change in the rate of progrcM of the
disease sfter ulceration has set in.
Is much less common befbre pu-
berty.
ColMd.
Has the appearance of particles of
jelly inlaid in a regular alveolar bed.
I'he contained matter is strik-
ingly iranvparent.
Greenish yellow is ils predomi-
nant hue.
Its vessela have not been sufll-
etently examined as yet.
The Jelly-like mmu*r is exceed-
ingly soft ; s colloid mau is. how-
ever, firm and resitting.
The pultaceous variety has been
delerted in the veins.
Is eompossd of shells in a state
OfsSlMfSfllSBt
Observes a mesn In this respect.
Has so Air been seen in a limited
number of parts only.
lias rarely been met with in more
than one organ.
Orows with a medium degree 9f
rapidity.
Undergoes no visible change of
the kind.
Tfas so fkr been observed In adults
only.
CANCSR
IM
CAKnni
Cakcer Altibolaiiib, Colloid.
Cancer Aquat'icus, Oan'grenout §tomati^tU,
Cancrnm Origf Gangranop'tit, Canker of tA«
moMthf (rangrcwntt tore moHfA, Si9ughing Pkage-
diB'na of the moutkf Water Canker : called, also.
Aphtha terpen' tetf Gangrm'na Oritf NiimOf Nomi,
JVomiM, Pteudoearcino'ma la'biij i^mac'iiei gan-
grano'ta, Cheiloe'aci, Uloe'aei, Uli'tU tep'tiea,
Cheilomala'ciOj Scorbu'tut Orit, Stomatomala'eia
pu'triddf Stomatotep'titf Stomatoneero'tit, Car-
oun'culiu labio'rum et gena'Tum, (F.) Caneer
aquatique, Stomatite gangrineute, S, Charbom*
neutCf Gamgrine de la Boueke, SpkaekU de la
Bouche, Figarite^ Apkthe gangrineux. Certain
■longhing or gangrenous uloera of Uie mouth, —
fo called, perhaps, because they are often accom-
panied wiUi an afflux of saliva. The disease is
not uncommon in children's asylums, and de-
mands the same treatment as hospital gangrene ;
— the employment of caustics, and internal and
•sternal antiseptics.
CANCER AQUATIQUE, Cancer aquaUcuB,
Stomacaoe — c. Ariolairti Colloid — c Astacus, see
Caucrorum ohelsB — c. Black, Melanosis — e. Ca-
minariorum. Cancer, chimncy-sifecpers' — e. Cel-
lular, Enccphaloid — e. Cfribri/orme, see £noe-
phaluid.
Cancer, Chivnet-sweepers', Sooiwart, Can-
eer tnundito'rum, Cancer purgaU/rit in/umie'uli.
Cancer scu carcino'ma tcroti, Caneer caminario'~
rum, Oteheoeareino'maf Otehoearcino'ma, (F.)
Cancer det Bamoneurt, This affection begins
with a superficial, painfull, irregular nicer with
hard and elevated edges occupying the lower
part of the scrotum. £xtirpatiun of the diseased
part is the only means of effecting a cure.
Cancer, Davidson's Remedy for, see Coni-
nm maculatum — c du Foie, Hipatotarcomit—c
Fibrous, Sctrrhus.
Cancer Gale'nt, (F.) Caneer de Galien, A
bandage for the head, to which Galen gave the
name cancer, from its eight heads resembling,
rudely, the claws of the crab. It is now sup-
plied by the bandage with six che/t or heads,
which is called the BancUtge of Galen or B. of
the Poor,
CANCER DE GALJEN, Cancer Galcnl— o.
Gelatin ifonn. Colloid — o. Gelatinous, Colloid — c.
Hard, Scirrhus — o. Intestinorum, Enteropathia
cancerosa — r. det Intettint, Enteropathia canoe-
rosa — c. of the Lung, Phthisis, cancerous — c.
Lupus, Lupus — ^ c. Medullaris, Encephaloid — c.
Helfloueus, Melanosis — c. Mflane, Melanosis — e.
Melanodes, Cancer, melanotic
Cancer, Melanot'ic, Caneer melano^det. Car-
eino'mn tnelano'det, A combination of cancer
and melanosis.
Cancer Mollis, see Encephaloid — c. J/ou,
Encephaloid — c. Munditorum, Cancer, chimney-
sweepers' — 0. Ocnli, Soirrhophthalmas— c. Oris,
6tomacace^-c. Ossis, Spina ventosa— c. Pharyn-
gis et oesophagi, Lccmoscirrhus — o. Purgaturis
infumieuli, Caneer, chimney-sweepers' — o. Scir-
rhosus, Scirrhus — c. Scroti, Cancer, chimney-
sweepers' — c. Soft, Hwmatodes fungus — c. of the
Stomach , Gastrostenosis cardiaca et pylorioa— o.
Uteri, Metro-earcinoma.
CANC/CREUX, Cancerous.
CAXCER ROOT, Orobanohe Virginiana, Phy-
tolacca ducandra.
CANCEROMA, Carcinoma.
CAN'CEROUS, ai;wro'»»i«, Caroino'tttt, (F.)
Cancfreuje. Relating to cancer; as Cancerout
^Icer^ Cancerout diathetitf Ac.
CANCUALAGUA, Chironia CMlensis.
CANGRENA, Gangrene.
OAN'C&OID, Ot/urv'det, OaneroVdet, Card-
no'detf CareincHdet, Cbnerol'deiis, from
and tiioi, 'form.' That which
cerons appearance. Cancroid is a
to certain cutaneous cancers hy Alibert: calMi
also Cheloid or Keloid {x^^^tt '* tortoise^' aaA
uits, * likeness,') from their presenting a flattfsk
raised patch of integument resembling tho shsll
of a tortoise>
CANCROMA, Carcinoma.
CANCRO'RUM CHEL^, Oe%U rd Lap'Hm
Cancro'rumf Lapil'li eanero'rutm, Comcrewutu'tm
At'taei duoiat'ilit, Crab*9 atone» or eyes, Cf,)
Yeux (Cferevite, Concretions found, pattica-
larly, in the Cancer At*taem or Cray-tisli. Tbsf
consist of ourbonate and phosphate of lime, aaA
possess antacid virtues, but not more than ehalk*
CANCROSUS, Cancerous, (7AaiMre«M.
CANCRUM ORES, Cancer Aqnaticn^ Sts-
macace.
CAXDELA, ^oK^ie^c. Fnmalis, Pastil— ti
Mcdioata, Bougie — c. Regia, Verfaascom aU
grum.
CANDELARIA, Verhascnm nignim.
CANDI, Candum, Canthnm, Oan'tionf 'whStl^
bleached, purified.' Purified and eiystaUiaed
sugar. See Sacchorum.
CANDIDUM OVI, Albumen otL
CANDYTUFT, BITTER, Iberis amara.
CAKEFLOWER, PURPLE, Echinacea po^
purea.
CANE, SUGAR, see Baccharnm — e. Swm^
Acorus calamus.
CANELJS, Grooved.
C A NELL A, see Canella alba.
Canel'la Alba, diminutive of Canna, 'a reed/
so called because its bark is rolled up like a reed.
Cortex Wintera'nnt tpu'riut, Canella Cnha'na, G
Wintera'nia, Cinnamo'mvm tUbnm, CorUx Auti'
tcorbu'tieut, C. Aromat'icut, Cottut corfteo'sM^
Camin'ga, Canella of Linnsens, and of Ph. U. 6^
Canella Bark, Cnnella, (F.) Canelle on CandU
blanche, Fautte Ecoree de Winter, £coree Otfrio^
cottine, Fam. Magnoliacen. Sex. J^tt, Dodt-
candria Monogynia. This bark is a pnageDl
aromatic. Its virtues are partly extraeted bj
water; entirely by alcohol. It is a stimalan^
and is added to bitters and cathartics.
Canella Cartophyllata, Myrtns caryophyU
lata— c Cubana, C. alba, Laurus cassia— e. Mala*
bariea et Javonsis, Laurus cassia.
CANELLIFERA MALAR ARICA, Lanmi
oasj^ia.
CANEPm, (F.) A fine lamb's skin or goatTs
skin, used for trying the quality of lancets.
CANICACEOIJS, Furfuraceous.
CAN'ICiE. Meal, in which there is mneih
bran. Also, coarse bread ; or bread in which
there is much bran — Panit Caniea'eeue,
CANICIDA, Aconitum.
CAMC'ULA; t\ie Dogttar, from eanit, <a dog,**
Znpioc. Sirius. (F.) Canicnle, This star, which
gives its name to the Dogdayt, Diet ennieula'ret,
because they commence when the sun rises with
it, was formerly believed to exert a powerful in-
fluonce on the animal economy. The Dog-days
occur at a period of the year when there is gene*
rally groat and opprefslve heat, and therefore-^
it has been conceived — a greater liability to dis«
ease.
CANfF, Knife.
CAXLV, Canine.
CANINAN^ RADIX, Cainca radix.
CANINE, Cani'nut, Cyn'irut, Kvvtgtf, from
eanit, * a dog.' (F.) Canin. That which has m
resemblance to the structure, Ac, of a dog.
Canine Fossa, Fotta C<Mni'na, In/ra-orbiUtr or
iSttlorbitar /oMa, (J£,) ioMc Camut, A
OAIONTTS
i«r
CAPBBBN
deprenioii on the saperior mAxillary booe, above
the den» cauinm*, which giTes attachment to the
cemiuHM or Uvotor anguti orU mutele.
Caitikb Laugh, Sard€m'ie lauyhf Bi9H9 Cnn^-
ntu eeu Sardom*ieu§ ten Sardo'nitUf R, de Sardo*-
R. tHVutuHta'riiu, R, 9pa§'tiefUf Tortu'ra
Hta,
Orim, DUtor'tio Oria, Otiaa'MHtf Sardi'aait, Sar
dom^wns, Triamtu SardouUtua tea eyn'ictUf Spa»-^
MiM MiMcif/arttM/aetet tea eyH*icu*, Protopoapas'"
mMt, (F.) RtM canin, R, Sanioniquef R. Sardonietif
JK. mtoquenr. A lort of laagh, the facial ezpres-
aion of which Ib produced parUcularly by the
epoemodic contraeUon of the Cuuinw muscle.
Probably, thie ezpreMion, ae well aa Cynic SpomOf
Soatmut eaninut seu eyn'iciMy Contm'tio canVna^
Triamut cym'ietUf may haTC originated in the re-
semblance of the affection to certain movements
in the npper lip of the dog. The Rima Sardon'-
ieua is said to have been so called from similar
■ymptoms having been induced by a kind of Ra-
Biinealns that grows in Sardinia.
Cakikb T»th, Danita Cani'ni, Gynod&H'taa, D.
Lamia* rii, D, amgnWraaf evapida'tif eolumeUa'rea,
oemia*rtaf mordan^Ua, Sya Teeth, (F.) DeHta ea-
nimaa, laniairea, angulaireaf oeidairea, <iniUrea on
eouolde: The teeth between the lateral incisors
and small molares, of each jaw ; — so named be-
owue they resemble the teeth of the dog.
CANIKUS, Levator angnli oris — c. Sentis,
Kosa eanina— e. SpasnuSi see Canine Laugh.
CANIRAM, StrychnoB nuz vomica,
CANIRAMINUM, Brucine.
CANIRUBUS, Rosa eanina.
CAXIS INTERFECTOR, Veratrnm sababiDa
— ^. Ponticns, Castor fiber.
CANIT"IBS, from eaaiM, * white.' WhUeneaa
or ^rayneaa of ike hair, and especially of that of
ttie head, f F.) Oanitie, When oocurring in con-
pequenee of old age, it is not a disease. Some*
tines, it happens suddenly, and apparently in
consequence of severe mental emotion. The
eaoses. however, are not clear. See Poliosis.
CAXKER, Stomacaoe— c. of the Mouth, Can-
cer aquatious— «. Water, Cancer aquaticus.
CANNA, sea Tons-les-Mois, Cassia fistula,
Traehea— ^. Braehli, Ulna~-e. Domestica cruris.
Tibia— c Fistula, Cassia fistnla-HS. Indica, Sa-
gittarium alexipharmaeum — e. M^or, Tibia —
c Minor, Fibula, Radius— 'O. SoluUva, Cassia
fistula.
CAXNABIN, Bangue.
CANNAB'INA, from xavwafiit, 'hemp.' Reme-
dies composed of Cannabis Indica. — Pereira.
CAynsAMVKA A9UATioA,Enpatorium cannabinum.
CANNABIS INDICA, Bangue. Bee,also,
Cbnrros, and Onnjah.
CAyKAsn 8 ATI' V A, (F.) CAaners, Chamhrte»
The seed of this — ffempaeed, Sam'ina Can'neMa,
(¥.) Chineria, is oily and mucilaginous. The
dseoctaon is sometimes used in gonorrhoea.
CAKNACORUS RADICB CROCEA, Curon-
malonga.
CANSAMELLE, see Sarcharum.
CANNE AROMATIQUE, Acorus calamus^
«. Omtgo, Costus — e, da Riviire, Costus -^ e. d
Suara, see Saccharum.
OANNEBERQE, Vaeoininm ozyooccos — e.
pQMetuia, Vacdninm vitis idssa.
OANNELi ou CANBLi, (F.) from eanalia,
*% canal:' Stdea'tita, Stria* tma, OanalicnlaUua.
Having a canal or groove — as MuaeU eanneU
(Licntaud,) the Gemini; Corpa cannaUa ou atriia,
the Corpora striata; Sonde eanneUe, a grooved
sound, Ac. See Grooved.
CANNBLLE, Lanms oinnamomum — c.
Blanthe, Caaella sJba — e. de la China, Lanms
aassia — c. iU Cbromaadal, Laurus cassia — e.
Stmate, Laums eassia--^. Gir^JUe, Myrtus eary-
ophyllata-^. dee Tndea, Laurus cassia — e. deJawOf
Lanms cassia — e. tie Malabar, Laurus cas8iSr~-«.
Matte, Laurus cassia — e. OjflcinaU, Laurus cin*
namomum — e. Poivrie, see Wintera aromatica.
CANNULA, Canula.
CANNULA PULMONUM, Bronchia.
CANOPUM, see Sambucus.
CANOR STETU0SC0PICU8, Tititement m^
taUiqna.
CANTABRICA, Convolvulus Cantalmca.
CANTABRUNO, Furfur.
CANTARELLU8, Meloe proscarabssus.
CANTATIO, Charm.
CANTERBURY, WATERS OF, Aqnes Cai^
tHarien'kea, The waters of Canterbury in Kenty
England, are impregnated with iron^ sulphur, and
parbonic acid.
CANTRRIUM, Cantherius. ,
CANTHARWE TAGHETEE, Lytta vittata.
CANTHARIDINE, see Cantharis.
CAN'THARIS, fmm ravdapor, ' a scaraft^sut /'
Muaca Hiapan'iea, Mel'oi vtaieatof riua, Cantharia
aeaieato'ria, Lytta veaieato'ria, Bliatering Flu,
Bliatarfly, BliattrheeUe, Spaniah Fly, Fly, (F.)
CatUharidea, Mwiehea, M. d^Eapaane, This fiy
is much employed in medicine. It is the most
common vesicatory. Given internally, and even
when absorbed from the skin, it affects the uri*
nary organs, exciting strangury. This may be
prevented, in cases of blisters, by interposing be-
tween the blistering plaster and skin a piece of
tissue paper. Diluents relieve the strangury.
Dose, half a grain to one grain. If kept dry, the
flies will retain their activity for many yean.
Their active principle, Can'tharidin, Cantharidi^'
na, has been separated from them.
CAXTRAiiifl Vittata, Lytta vittata.
CANTHE^RIUS, Cante'rium, The cross-piece
of wood in the apparatus used by Hippocrates for
reducing luxations of the humerus.
CANTHI'TIS. Inflammation of the caathui
of the eye.
CANTHOPLAS'TICE, from cav5««, * the angle
of the eye,' and wXaeriKos, 'formative.' Ths
formation, by plastic operation, of the angle of
the eye.
CANTHUM, CandL
CANTHUS, Epican'thia, An'ffulua oetda'rta,
Fona taehryma'rum. The comer or angle of the
eye. The greater eanthna is the inner angle,
Hireua, Hir'quua, Rhanter / the leaaer eanthuap
the outer angUy Paro*pia, Pega.
CANTIA'NUS PULVIS. A cordial powder,
known under the name ' Counteaa of Ken^a pow^
dar,' composed of coral, amber, crab's eyes, pre-
pared pearls, Ac It was given in cancer.
CANTION, CandL
CAN'ULA, Can'nula, Au'liaena, Auloa. Di.
minutive of Oanna, 'a reed;' Tu'bnlna, (F.)
Canula ou Oannule. A small tube of gold, silver,
platinum. Iron, lead, wood, elaetic gum, or gutta
pereha, used for various purposes in surgery.
CA'OUTCHOUC. The Indian name for /».
dian Rubber, Eftta'tie Oum, Oum Elaatic, Gummi
efcta'tieum, Cauehue, Reai'na elaa'tica scu Cayen^
nen*aia, Cayenne Reain, Cfiutehue, A substance
formed from the milky Juice of Hm*vea seu Ifevea
Ottianen'aia, Jat'ropka elaa'tica seu tSipho'uia
Gahuehu, S. ela^tiea, Fieua Indica^ and Artocar'-
pua integri/oHia :— South American trees. It is
insoluble in water and alcohol; but boiling water
softens and swells it. It is soluble in the es-
sential oils and in eth»f, when it may be blown
into bladders. It is used in the fiftlMication of
catheters, boogfes, pessaries, Ac
CAP, PITCH, see Depilatory.
CAPA-ISIAKKA : 'Rromelia ananas.
CAPBERN, WATERS OF. Capben it b
CAPKIET
108
OAPSIOtTM
|1i« deportment HMitea-Pyrtetes, Fnmee. The
irateri contain BoIphAiee and carbonates of lime
and magnesia, and chloride of magnesium. Tem-
perature, 75° Fahrenheit They are pnrgadTe.
CAPE LET, Myrtos oaryophyllata.
CAPELrNA, CapelU'na, (F.) Capeline ; A
Wonmn't Hat, in French ; Capit'trum, from eaputf
* head.' A sort of bandage, which, in shape, re-
sembles a riding-hood. There are several kinds
of C\tpeline9, 1. Thai of the head, C, de la tiU,
Fati'cia eapila'lh. See Bonnet d' Hippoerate. C,
of the cUwicUf employed in fractares of the acro-
mion, clavicle and spine of the scapula. C. of an
wnputattd limb — the bandage applied round the
fftomp.
CAPELLINA, Capelina.
CAPER BUSH, Capparis spinosa.
CAPER PLANT, Euphorbia lathyrif.
CAPERS, see Capparis spinosa.
CAPET US, Imperforation.
CAPHORA, Camphor.
CAPHURA, Camphor.
CAPILLAIHE, capillary, see Adiantom
capillus ▼eneris — e. du Canada, Adiantum pe-
daium — e. de MontpeUier, Adiantum capillus
reneris.
CAPILLAMEN'TUM, from Capillm 'a hair,'
CkipUlit" ium, Trieho'ma, Trtehoma'tion, Any
Tilious or hairy ooTcring. Also, a small fibre or
fibril.
CAP'ILLART, CapiUa'ri; Capilla'eew, from
eapiUu9f 'a hair.' (F.) Capillatrt. Hair-like;
small.
Cap'illart Yessbls, Va4t» eapiUa'ria, (F.)
FatMeaujc enpillaire*, are the extreme radicles
of the arteries and veins, which together consti-
tute the capillary, intermediate, or peripheral
iraecular •y«<eiN,— -the metha^mata or meth<Bmat-
ouB blood channels of Dr. Marshall Hall. They
possess an action distinct from that of the heart
CAPILLATIO, Trichismus.
CAPILLATUS, Impuber.
CAPILLITIUM, Capillamentam, Entropion,
Scalp.
CAPILLOKUM DEFLUVIUM, Alopecia.
CAPIL'LUS, ({UtiSiCapitiePilue, Coma, Chati,
Crinie, Pilve, Thrix, Ctena'riee, (F.) Cheveu,
^ This term is generally applied to the hair of the
head, Pili seu Honor cap'itie, the characters of
which vary, according to races, individuals, Ae,
Hairs arise in the areolar membrane, where thf
bulb is placed, and are composed of two parts —
one, external, tubular, and transparent, of an
epidermoid character; the other, internal and
9ui ffenen'a, which communicates to them their
eolour. The hair is insensible, and grows from
the root
Capillus Yexeris, Adiantum capillus veneris
^-<$. y. Canaden!<is, Adiantom pedatum.
CAPIPLE'NIUM, Capitiple'nium, from caput,
* the head,' and/>/e»ttiii, ' full.' A word, employed
with different significations. A variety of catarrh.
— Schneider. A heaviness or disorder in the
head common at Rome, like the xopv/Ja^a, Ocire-
baria, of the Greeks. — Baglivi.
CAPISTRATIO, Phimosis.
CAPISTRUM, Capeline, Cheveetre, Trismus—
e. Auri, Borax.
Capis'trdm, Phimoe, Cemoe, nifus, 'a halter.'
This name has been given to several bandages
for the head. — See Capeline, Chcveetre,
CAPITALIA REMEDIA, Cephalic remedies.
CAPITALIS, Cephalic
CAPITELLUM, Alembic, see Caput
CAPITbUX, Heady.
CAPITILU'VIUM, from eap^u, 'the head,'
ind lavQrt^ ' to wa4h.' A b»th for the he«4.
CAPITIPLENIUM, Capiplenium.
CAPITIPURGIA, Caput porgia.
CAPITITRAHA, from eaj>wr, ' the head,' «i4
trahert, * to draw.' Instruments which, like the
forceps, draw down the head of the foetos when
impacted in the pelvis.
CAPITO'NBS, from caput, Uhe head.' ifis-
eroeeph'fUi, Proceph'alL Foetuses whose headf
%re so large as to render labour difficult
CAPITULUM, Alembic, Condyle, see Caput-*
c. CostsB, see Costa — e. Laryngis, Conii<mlnfl|
laryngis — c. Martis, Erynginm campeetre — 9,
Santorini, Comicnlum laryngis.
CAPITULUVIUM, Bath, (head.)
CAPNISMOS, Fumigation.
CAPNITIS, Tutia.
CAPNOIDES CAVA, Fnmaria bulboM,
CAPNORCHIS, Fumaria bnlbosa.
CAPNOS, Fumaria.
CAPON, Oagot,
CAPON SPRINGS. A pleasant sirmmer to.
treat, situated in a gorge of the North Mountain,
in Hampshire co., Va., 23 miles W. of Winchester
The waters in the vicinity are sulphurous and
chalybeate; — those at the springs alkaline and
diuretic
CAPOT, Oagot,
CAP'PARIS SPINO'SA, Capfparie, Oappmr,
Ca'pria, Priehly Oaper Bueh, (F.) CHprier. Fa-
mily, Capparidese. Sex. ^«f. Polyandria Mono-
gynia. The bark of the root, and the buds,
have been esteemed as^ngont and dinretiei
The buds are a well known pickle. — Oaper; (V.)
Cdprea.
Capparis Baduc'oa, BaduVka, A speeles of
caper, eultivuted in India on aeeount of the
beauty of its flowers. The Orientals make a
liniment with its juice, with which they rub
pained parts. The flowers are purgative.
CAPPONB, WATERS OF. At Cappone, In
the isle of Isohia, are waters eontaiaing cari>oiiata
of soda, chloride of sodium and earbo&ata of lime^
Temp. 100® Fah.
CAPREOLA'RIS, ftt>m capreolut, 'a tendriL'
dudidee, Elieoldee, (F.) CaprMaire, Twisted.
Caprrola'ria Vasa. Some have called thus
the spermatic arteries uid veins, on account of
their numerous contortions*
CAPREOLUS, Helix.
CAPRES, see Capparis spinosa.
CAPRI A, Capparis spinosa.
CAPRICORNUS, Plumbum.
CAPRFBR, Capparis spinosa.
CAPRIPOLIA, Lonieera periclyraennm.
CAPRIFOLIUM DISTINCTUM, Lonieera
periclymenum— c. Pcriclymenum, Lonieera peri-
clymennm — c Bylvaticum, Lonieera pericly-
menum.
CAPRILOQUIUM, Bgophony.
CAPRIZANS PULSUS, see Pulse, capriiant
CAPSA, BfAte, Capsule, Case— c. Cordis, Peri-
cardium.
CAPSARIUM, BtAtier.
CAPSELLA BURSA PASTORIS, Thlaspl
bursa.
CAPSICUM, see Capsicum annnum.
Cap'siovm An'Huuif, frwn nirrw, *I bite* The
systematic name of the plant whence Cnyennc
Pepper is obtained, — Piper In'dievm seu i7f«-
pan'icum, Soia'num urene, Sili<fua9*trum Plin'ii,
Piper *Braailia'num, Piper Ouineen'et, Piper Cn-
lecu'ticum. Piper Tur'cicum, C. Hiepan'ieum, PU
per Lueitan'ieum, Cayenne Pepper, Owin'ta Pep*
per, (F.)Piment, PoivretFJnde, Poiwe de OuinSe,
Corail dee Jardine, The pungent, aromatic pro-
perties of Baee€B Capeici, Capeieum Btrriee, (hp*
•ieum (Ph. U. S.), are yielded to ether, alcohol,
aad water. They »re highly stimulant and rab*->
(UP8IQJIM
ie»
CABBO
Ibdent, and an uwd aa a condiment. Their ao-
tive prlociplo ia called Capnein,
Capsicum HispAmcuv, Capsioam annanm.
CAMS/QUS, Caprienm annuam.
CAPSITIS, fee Phaeitu.
C APSVLA, BoUier — e. Artioularu, Captalar
Uf^ament — o. Cordis, Perioardium — c. Dentis.
Beotnl follicle — e. Lentia, aee Cryitalline — e.
Kervonim, Nearilemma.
CAPSULJE SBMIXALES, Vesionlw S. — o.
Sjooriales, Barsn mttcoMB.
CAPSO'LA/HE, Capeular.
CAPSULAR, CapttOa'ris, (F.) Cap9ulaire,
Relating to a capsula or capsule.
Capsular Artebics, Suprare'nal ArUrie§ and
Veims, Vessels belonging to the soprarenal cap-
■nles;. Thejr are divided into superior, middle,
and inferior. The first proceed from the inferior
phrenic, the second from the aorta, and the third
from the renal artery. The corresponding veins
alter Uie phrenic, vena eava» and renal.
Capsular Lto'AKBRT, Lvfameu'tum eap9ula*ri,
Oap'gula artietUa*ri§, ArtiefuUtr tap^uUf Fibrout
eapBtiie, (F.) Ligament eaptulairt, CapnUe arti-
emiaire, Capanle Jlbreux, Ac Membranons,
flbrons, and elastic bags or capsnles, of a whitish
consistence, thick, and resbting, which surround
Joints.
CAPSULB, Cap' aula, Capw, a box, or case,
(F.) Captuie. This name haa been given, by
anatomists, to parts bearing no analogy to each
other.
Capsulr, Crllular, or tkr Ers, see Eye.
Capsulr, Fibrous, Capsular ligament.
Caps u lb, Oblat'isoub, Cap^ntla gelafinm,
CapnU of gefatin. A modem invention by
which copaiba and« other disagreeable oils can
be enveloped in gelatin so as to oonoeal their
taste.
Capsulb or Gussoir, Oap'tula GLisso'mi, C,
•oaHRy'ntc Gusso'Bn, Vngi'na Porta, V, GlIS-
BO'sn. A sort of membrane, described by Glis-
aon, which is nothing more than dense areolar
membrane surrounding the vena porta and its
Bamiftoations in the liver.
Capsulb or turn Hbart, Cbp'««2o eoniit. The
pericardium.
Capsulb, Ocular, see Eye.
Capsule, Rbnal, Snprar^nal or Atrahil'-
inry (7., Renal Qland, Olan'dnla tuprarena'lit,
Oaip*atUa rena'lie, euprarena'lie vel atrahilta'ris,
Hen eueeenturia'tnt, Nephrid'ium, (F.) CapndM
tmrinaU on atrabiliaire, A flat, triangular body,
which coven the upper part of the kidney, aa
with a helmet A hollow cavity in the interior
eontains a brown, reddish or yellowish fluid. The
renal capsules were long supposed to be the seere-
Wry organs of the fancied atrabiiis. They are
much larger in the footus than in the adult
They are probably concerned in lymphosis.
Capsule, Seh'inal, Cav'ttUa •eminaflU. Bar-
niOLiBB thus designates the extremity of the vaa
deferens, which is sensibly dilated in the vicinity
of the vesiculm seminsies. Some anatomists ap-
ply thia name to the vesiculse themselves.
Camulb, Stxo'yial, CapeiUa Synctna'lie, A
membranous bag, surrounding the movable arti-
culations and canals, which gives passage to ten-
dons. Synovial capsules exhale, from Uieir arti-
eular surface, a fluid, whose function is to favour
the motions of parts upon each other. See Bursa
mucosa, and Sjmovia.
CAPSULE SURRilfXLB ou ATRA^
BlLfARE, Capsule, renal.
CAPSULITIS, see Phadtla.
CAPUCHON, Trapeiius.
CAPUCJNE, Tropmolum mi^Bf.
QAPULIES, Prusut eapolia.
CAPULTJS, Scrotum.
CAPUT, ' the head.' Also, the top of a bona
or other part> (F.) Tiu, The head of small
bones is sometimes termed eapit'nlnm, capitell'vm,
cephalid'ium, eeph'alie, eepkal'ium. Also, the
glans penis.
Caput Aspbrjb Artxrijb, Larynx — c. Coli,
CsBoum — c Gallinaceum, see Gallinaginis caput
^-0. Gallinaginis, see Gallinaginis caput — c. Ge-
nitale, Glans^-c. Lubricum, Penis — o. Monachi,
Leontodon Taraxacum — c Obstipum, TorticolUa
— c. Penis, Glan».
Caput Pur'oia, Capttipnr'gia, RemedieSi
which the ancients regarded as proper for purg-
ing the head :— ^rrAttie*, «fem«(aton>f, apophUg-
matieantia, Ac Prosper Alpinns makes the caput
purgia to be the same aa errhines; and the apo»
pklegmaiUmi the same as the masticatories of
the moderns.
Caput Scapula, Acromion.
Caput Succbda'bbum. A term sometimes used
for the tumefied scalp, which first presents in cer-
tain oases of laboor.
Caput Testis. Epididymis.
CAQUE'SANO UE, Cague^eangue, Old
French words which signify Bloody evacuation*,
(F.) Dijeetione eanguinolentee. They come from
eaeare, *U) go to stool,' Bad eanguia, 'blood.' Un-
der this term was oomprehended every affection,
in which blood is discharged from the bowels.
CARA SCHULLI, Frutex In'diene epino'eue,
Barle'ria huxi/o'lia, A Midabar plan^ which,
when applied externally, is maturatire and resol-
yent The decoction of its root is used, in tho
country, in ischuria.
CARABAC'CIUM. An aromatic wood of In-
dia, of a yellowish colour, and a smell like that
of the dove. Its decoction and infusion are
given as stomachics and antiscorbutics.
CAR'ABUS. A genus of coleopterous injects.
Two species, the ckryeoeephfalue Kad/errugin'eue,
have been recommended for the toothach. They
must be pressed between the fingers, and then
rubbed on the gum and tooth affected.
CARACT£rE, Character, Symbol.
CARAGNA, Caranna.
CARAMATA, Arvmari, A tree in the inUnd
parts of Pomeroon. It ftimishes a febrifuge bark,
which Dr. Hancock says may be need in typhoid
and remittent fevers where cinchona is either
useless or pernicious.
CARAMBOLO, Averrhoa carambola.
CARAN'NA, Caragna, Taeamahaca, Caragna,
Caran'mB Oummi, Q, BrtViei; Oum Caran'na,
(F.) Caragne, Oomms Caragne ou Carane. A
gum-reslnous substance, which flows fi'om a large
tree in New Spain, aod is obtained from South
America in impure masses. It preserves its soft-
ness for a long time, has an aromatic smell, and
a slightly acrid and bitter taste. It was formerly
used as a vulnerary and In plasters.
CARAWAY, Carum.
CARBASA, Linteum.
CARBASUS, Linteum.
CARBO, Carho Ligni, CkareoaJ, (F.) Charhon,
Fresh Charcoal is antiseptic. It is used to im-
prove the digestive organs in cases of worms,
dyspepsia, Ac. ; as a cataplasm to gangrenous
and fetid ulcers, tinea, Ac, and forms a good
tooth-powder. Dose, gr. x to 3J. Also, Anthrax.
Carbo Amif a'lis, Cfarbo tamie. Animal char,
eoal, (F.) Ckarhon animal. In Uie Pharmaco-
pceia of the United States, it Is directed to bo
prepared IVom bones. It Is given in the sama
oases as Carbo Ligni, and has been extolled la
cancer. Dose, gr. ss. to gr. iy.
The Pbarmacupmia of tho United Btatei eon
CABBOir 11
Miu > fomiDla Tor ths pnpnntian af Ci.nBO i
Ahiha'lir Pdiupici'tdr, Purified cm'mal tlnr.
aoal ('hrben, animoL lb] ; Arid murial,, AqiHr
U rttii.) Punr Hit mnriatig acid, preTJoiiil]'
nixed irilh ths vaUr, gndonllj upoa Ihc cbv-
"'"''■ ""■"'■ gentle beat for two dsya,
»n.l1j .
1 th(
ture. Having al-
inrliaaalted portion
jMrnaunt liquor, wa«b the charcoal fte-
'itli water until It ia eatireljr int from
limtlj dry it.
" "' iiiJnmiroi, 6ton« coaL
oHciii
The hi
Cinno LroKi, Caibo — o. Hineralig, Graphitra
— c Palpelvarum, Anihraoolia — a. SpoDgia,
Bpnnxia uHta.
CAKBO.V, SESQUT-IODIDB OF, Caibonii
■rtqui-iodidum — c Bicolphuret of, Carbosli in!-
phuretiim— cSulphurator,Carbomiaulphuntuin
a. Ti^rvhtnrids of, Chlorofonn.
CAR'BONAS or CABBO'HAS. A carhamlt.
(F.) CnrbBKiiU. A lalt, funnad b; the eombins-
tion of carbonio acid with a aaliflable base.
Carbikas NATKCCt'H, Sodn carboam.
CABJIO.VATE D'AMllOmAQUE, Ammo-
r, Airs
'. (F.)
VAUIIOXH. Carbonated.
CARBONEUM CHLORATUM, Chloroform.
CAKBON'IC ACID, AefidaK Oarhon'iean
Solid Air of Hnltt. FanilioH, Air, Fixtd Air
O'rionn'crou Arid, Oifca'reow Atid. Airin
Add, Mcplilt'it Aeid, Spir'ilt$ UHa'lit, (F.
Add' Cariaaiqtt. Thii giu, wbioh neither eop
porta rftpiraliun nor Eombaotion, ia not oftci
u«ed In niEdjcina. It ia the main agent in effer
— whvn it ia called tho ckott damp — cavemi,
tomix, wells, btancis' vati, Ae., and not anfre-
quently hna been the eaoaa of death. Lime
thrown into aneh plaeei aoon abgorlw tlie add.
CARBO'XIS SBSQUI-IOD'IDUM, C.StKul-
lod-re'lum, Saqti-Pididc or Snqui-Iad'nrfl of
Carboit. Thiji ia made by miiing conceDtrated
■Icobnllo soluliona of Iodine and potaisa, ootil
fron which watPT throwa down a yellow prepipi-
t&te — the Beaqul'iodida of carbon. It haa been
affecUong, applied eatemally, (^aa (o ^vj of
CAnBn'<tTB Ei;i,FHiini'ttiu, Svlpkun'tml Car-
Wnil, S-rfidHm Onrbo'mi. Citrba'-iinm Sslphv-
ra'lHui, Al'cnkni Sui'pliurii, Bitulphan/lax tior-
io'ni>. SnlpUnl af Cartea, Bit^pk,trwt of Car-
bon, Carhvrrt of Sulpkfr, {F.)Sfl/uridt OarhoTt.
Thia trangparcDt, colourleaa fluid, which haa a
very pcnctraliiig, diaaKreaable odonr, and a taata
*thii'h ii cooling at Sral, but afterwarda acrid and
eouii>whnt aromalie, it a diffnaibla oicilant. It
i« diiiplioretic, dturetio, ujd haa been aaid to have
proved eumcnagogna. It ii alto need in Dorveui
dlaeuiea at an antiapatmodlo. Doae, ona dnip 1«
four, repeated frequently.
Itiauiad eitcrnally, where a cooling Inltaanea
hat to lie rapidly eiertad, and bai bean inhalod
CARBONIUM eULPHURATUM, Carbonla
lalphnretam.
CARB1I.\CI,S, Anthrai — & FangODa, Ter-
tnmlhiu — c of (he Tongna, GleiaaoUirax — a.
Sprry, Teminlhu*.
CARBUNCI.ED FACE, Ontta nwea.
OABBUaCULAS ££ANTUEU, AnthneU.
CARBUSCDLATIO OCUH
CARBmCFLUS, Anthru-
'ynanche maligna — e. CcmUgiatui, ica Aotkims
-c. Gallicua, ace Anthnx — o. Hnngariciu, n«
Anthrax — o. Labionim at genarain. Cancer aqnb
ticDB — c Polonlcaa, aee Anthrax — c. PolniDBn^
Secropneatnonia — e.Septenlnona]is,aeeAnthTaB.
CARBDii'cui.cB RuBi'ncB. A Ted, abioing, anl
trantparont ilDne, tna the Ilia of Ceylon ; tir-
' ' employed In toadlclna M a praatrratiT*
Bgiunnt aavcrHl poitont, the plague, Ac
Cabbukculci Dlcdicdloidi, Cynancfaa ma-
ligna.
CAR'CABOS, (h>m nfmpa, 'IrcMinDd,' 'I
tremble.' A ferer, in wbich tb* paUent lua a
general tremor, aceompaoled wltli aa ■BGnag
CARCINODESr Cancroid, (7A«Mr«— e,
CARCINOIDES, Cancroid.
CARCINO'MA, Omriro'iia, Cbaen/Ma, frga
piinc, 'acrab.' Soma anlhon hare thna eilM
dolent tamoura diBerent bom eanear; otbMI,
cipient cancer; and alhera, again, tha iptclH
' cancer in which the affected itnietnra aaanvai
Ibe appenranoa of cerebral auhgtanca; bat tb*
majorltj of anthora oae Careinoma in ths na*
Colloid— o-nhnlTOi^
Ficirrbua — c Hnmatodea. Hsmatodei fimgna — t.
Inteatiaoram, EnUropathia canceron ~ e. U*.
gus, aioBiocarcinoma — c. of the Liier, Uepato-
acirrhna — c. Hedullare, Encephilold — e. Halb.
nodca, Cancer, melaaatio— o. Helanotlcnm, Ha.
lanoait — e. Simplex, Scirrhni — e. BpongioasM,
Encephaloid, Ilamalodei fungni — ct Scroti, Cam.
car, chimney-aweepen' — e. Uleri, Hetrocardu*-
ma, Uetroaeirrhua — e. Ventrieuli.aaBtnHciTrhai;
CARCINOM'ATOUS. Relatioj; to Cinnr.
CAKCIA'OifE MOU ET SPOXaiEVX,-g»,
cephtloid — e. Savgiant, Eneepbiloid, Hsm^
matodei Aingnt.
CARCINOS. Can«r.
CARCINO'SES, (G.) Karainoien, Avm aw
ii»t, 'a orah.' A family of dieeaaea. ■
to the clatiiflcation of Fucha ; which e
the different forma of Cancer.
CARCISOSUB, Cancerona.
CARcrSCS SP0SGI0SU8, Encephaloid.
CARDAMAIiTICA,.Cardamine pratenaii, L*.
CARDAMINDDM HAJU8, TropBohm
majaa.
CAHDAMISE FONTAKA, Siaymhrinn ta»-
turlinm— e. Natlurtium, Siaymbrium naatHrtiom.
Cahdaxi'iI Phateb'bu, CardaiPwt, Oanlm-
man'tica, ?iattur*livm Aquat^ititm, f^tr'damamf
Ctii fim, Ibt'rit tapk'ia, A'aitur'Hum ptam'il,
Ladiei-nnock, Ciirtno-finutr, Common Bitur
Orm, (F.) Crcao* il/gani, Crt—on dtt prtt, Pat.
ttragt taucagi. Ord. Cmelfeia. Tha Boven
have been connldercd naelol aa antiapaamodieti
in tha doaa of 3J to ^u- They are probably
CARDAMOM, LESSER, Am.
CARDAMOUE, Amoi
de In C/^tt dr ifaUihar, AmumQm eardamomnm.
CABDAMOMUU MAJUS, Amomum grana
e. Piperstum, Amotuuui gnina paradiii— c. Wild,
Fagaraatrum CiipenM.
CARDA.MON, Cardaniioe pratenaii.
CARDAMCM MAJUS, Tropwolnm mijiia.
CARDtRE. Dipiaona tylTcttria — e. C%Uit4,
DipnacuB fullonum.
CABDU, tafiim, 'Ibe hcan.' SttwfoAa^
OABDIAO
in
CARDIOSTBirOSIS
9€mtric^ulu The superior or ODaoph«ge«l orifieo
of the •tomAoh, — Ori/Ic"tiiii» ventri^uU nnW-
fmm. Alio, the Heart
CAR'DIAC, Cardi^aeutf from capita, 'the
keart;' or the upper orifice of Uie stomach. (F.)
Cardia^ue. Relating to the heart or to the upper
•sifiee of the Btomacn. A cordiaL
Cabdiac Ab'tbrus, Cvr^iman/ arteriet, (F.)
Artirtt eardiaquet oa eoronairetf are two in
number. They arise from the aorta, a little aboTO
ttie free edge of the sigmoid ralres, and are dis-
tributed on both surfaces of the heart.
CAa'DiAC Gah'oliom, Qan'glUm eardi*acum,
•itnated beneath the arch of the aorta to the
light side of the ligament of the ductus arteriosus.
ItreoeiTes the superior oardiao nerves of opposite
irides of the neck, and a branch from the pneu-
Hogastric, and gives off numerous branches to
the cardiac plexuses.
Cabdiac Kkr vks, (F.) Nerfi eardiaquet. These
•re commonlj three on each side; a tuperioTf
tmddU and inferior, which are furnished by cor-
lasponding cervical ganglia. Commonly, there
ars but two on the le^ side ; the upper and mid-
dle, which draw their origin from the last two
cervical ganglia. Scarpa calls the superior —
Cardi'aenantptrfieia'lis; the middle — C.pro/un*-
duM seu C7. nMffnue / and the inferior — C. partue
Mu mtiior. There are, besides, Cardiac JiVamenU,
(F.) fiUte eardiaquee, fhmished by the par va-
gom or pneumo-gastrio nerve, which become
confounded with tibe above.
Cabdiac Plbxvs, Plexua eardi*aeu9. There
Are three cardiac plexuses. 1. The great cardiac
fUxue is situated upon the bifurcation of the tra-
chea. It is formed by the convergence of the middle
and inferior cardiac nerves; and by branches
from the pneumogaetricy descendens noni, and
first thoracio ganf^ion. S. The anterior cardiac
pUxme is situated in front of the ascending aorta
near its origin. It is formed by filaments from
the superior cardiac nerves; from the cardiao
canglion; and from the great cardiac plexus.
Vilamenta from this plexus accompany the left
coronary artery, and form the anterior coronary
pUxue. 3. The poeterior cardiac pUxme is seated
upon the posterior part of the ascending aorta
near its origin. It is formed by numerous branches
fri>m the great cardiac plexus. It divides into
two sets of branches, which together constitute
Ibc poeierior coronary pUxfe.
Cardiac Veins, Coronary ttine, (F.) Veinoe
Oardiaqnet, are commonly ronr in number ; two
anterior and two posterior. They open into the
right auricle by one orifice, which is frimished
with a valve, and is called, by Portal, Sinue coro-
mairc du Cotur,
CARDIACA CRISPA, Leonnms cardiaea—
Cu Passio, Cardialgia — o. Trilobata, Leonurus
cardiaea — c Vulgiuis, Leonurus cardiaea.
CARDIACUS, Cordial, StomaohaL
. CARDIAGMU8, Cardialgia.
CARDrAQRA, Affect tio artkrilfica eordie ;
from Mapita, 'the hearty' and ayf'* 'seisurc'
Oottt of the heart
CARDIAO'RAPHT, Cdrdiagra*pkiat from
BVflio, 'the heart,' and ypm^nt '» description.'
An anatomical deoeription of the heart
CARDIAL'OIA, Cardi'aen Pamio, CoVica
VemtHc'uii^ Spaemut Venirie'tUi, Perodyn'ia,
Oordo'liuMf Oardii^'a, Dyep^eodyn'ia, Dyepep-
tiodwn'ia, JDyepeptodfn'ia, Peraiodyn'ia, Car-
dioa'yni, OaHraVgia^ OatieraVgia, UautroeoViaf
Oaetrod'wnif Pareio Cardi^aea, Stomachatgia,
Stotnacai'gia, Oaetrodyn'ia, CardVaeue Morhue,
Cardiog*mu», Cardial^; firom icapita, 'the car-
dial* orifice of the ttomach/ and aXys;, 'pain.'i
Pain of the 9tomach,(F,) DouUur dc VEaUmo/ef
D. nivralgiqite de fEetomae, Also, Beanbrnm^
(F.) Cardiaigie, Ardtur d'Eetomae, A, du Cotur,
Impaired appetite, with gnawing or burning pain
in tne stomach or epigastrium, — Moreue vel ardor
venfWo'iiii, Morwue etom^achi, SodOf Limo*ei$ ear-
diaVgia nu>rden», Roeio Stom'aeki sen Ventri^m
uli : — a symptom of dyspepsia.
Cabdialcia Ikflamicatobia, Gastritis — c
Sputatoria, Pyrosis.
CARDIALOG"IA, from itofita, 'the heart,'
and ioyof, *b, discourse.' A treatise on the heart
CARDIANASTROPHE, Ectopia cordis.
CARDIARCTIE, Hearty concentric hypertro-
phy of the.
CARDIA'RIUS ; same etymology. A name
given to a worm, said to have been found in the
heart or pericardium.
CARDIATOM'IA, from rap^ia, 'the heart,
and Tiftvti9, * to cut' Dissection of the heart
CARDIATROPHIA, Heart, atrophy of the.
<9lkRDIAUXE, Heart, hypertrophy of the.
CARDIECTASIS, see Aneurism of the heart
— c Partialis, Aneurism of the heart
CARDIELCOSIS; from ra^^ie, 'the heart,'
and 'cAcof , ' an ulcer.' Ulceration of the heart
CARDIETHM0LIP06IS, Steatosis cordis.
CARDIE URTSM A, Aneurism of the heart
CARDIL^A, Cardialgia.
CARDIM'ELECH, from capita, 'the hearty'
and n*7D, Melek, (Hebr.,) 'a governor.' A sup-
positious active principle seated in the heart, and
governing the vital ftinctions. — Dolseus.
CARDINAL FLOWER, Lobelia cardinalis —
0. Blue, Lobelia syphilitica.
CARDINAL PLANT, Lobelia cardinalis.
CARDIN AMENTUM, Ginglymus, Gomphosis.
CARDIOBOTANUM, Centaurea benedicta.
CARDIOCE'LS, from Kapiia, * the heart,' and
K17X9, 'rupture.' Hernia of the heart, especially
into the abdominal cavity.
CARDIOCLASIEf Cardiorrhexis.
CARDIOD'YNS, Cardiodyn'ia ; from KofAt*,
' the heart, the stomach,' and o^w^, ' pain.' Pain
in the heart Also, Cardialgia.
CAROIODTin SpASMODICA iKTBBXITTBjrS, Au-
pna pectoris.
CARDIOG'MUS. Hippoerates employed this
word synonymously with cardialgia. In the time
of Galen it was used, by some writers, for certain
pulsations of the heul, analogous to palpitations.
Saavages understood by Cardiogmue an aneurism
of the heart or great vessels, when still obscure.
Also, Angina pectoris.
Cabdioomus Cordis SnnsTBi, Angina pectoris.
CARDIOMALA'CIA, Malaeo'eie seu Mala'eia
sen MaUufie seu AfoUif'iee Oordie, (F.) Eamot^
lieeememt du Cbrar, from Kopita, * the heart,' and
SoAema, ' softness.' Softening of the heart, caused
y inflammaUon of the organ, or a consequence
of some lesion of the fVinction of nutrition.
CARDIOMYOLIPOSIS, Steatosis cordis.
CARDIONCHI, see Aneurism.
CARDIONEURALGIA, Angina pectoris.
CARDIOPALMUS. Cardiotromus.
CARDIOPERICARDITIS, see Pericarditis.
CARDIORRHEU'MA, BkeumaHe'mue eordiej
from eopita, 'the heart,' and pcv/ie, 'defluxion,
rheumatism.' Rheumatism of the heart
CARDIORRHEX'IS, Cardiodaeie, (Piorry,)
Ruptu'ra cordie, (F.) Rupture du Ooeur, from
rap^ia, 'the heart,' and ^^if, ' laoeration.* Iiacc.
ration of the heart
CARDIOSCLiROSTE, (Piorry) from nu^
'the heart' end veknpt, 'hard.' (F.) Endureiseom
ment du (^xnr. IndurMion of the heart
CABDIOSTENO'SIS, Stenoear'dia,
CARDIOTRAUMA
IW
CARNATIOir
li«, ' the heart,' and o-rrvuo-i;, ' contractton.' Con-
traction of the openin^^s of the heart.
CARDIOTRAU'MA, from «cip.^i.', 'the heart,'
and rp(ii>/fa, 'a wound/ A wound of the heart.
CAKDIOT'ROMUS, PnlpiUi'tio Chrdit trep'-
idanHf Cnrdwpal'tnwtf Trepidn'tin C**rd{; from
capita, ' tlie heart/ and T^ftof, * tremor.' Rapid
au<l fucble palpitation, or fluttering of the heart
CAKDIOT'ROTUS, from «afx^«a, Hhe heart,'
and TtTooaxtdf ' I wound/ One affected with a
wound of the heart. — (^alen.
OARDIPERICAUDITIS, see Pericarditis.
CAHDITE, Carditis.
CARDI'TIS, from icip^ca, 'the heart, and the
termination i7/«. Inflammation of the fleshy
0ub:<tanco of the heart. Einpreg'ma Cardi'titj
JnjinmMn'iio Cordiw, Inflammn'tio Cardi'tit, CaU'
fna Oardi'ti*, Jfyocnrdi'tittf Cardi'iit Mnncula'rit,
(F.) Injfammatwn du deur, Curdite. The symp-
it)mia of tills affection are by no means clear.
They are oft^sn confounded with those of pericar-
ditis, or inflammation of the membrane invei^ftig
the heart. Carditis, indeed, with many, includes
both the inflammation of the investing membrane
and that of the heart itself. See Pericarditis, and
Endocarditis.
Carditis Externa, Pericarditis — e. Interna,
Endocarditis — c. Muscularis, Carditis: — c. Mem-
brauosa. Pericarditis — c. Polypoita, Polypi of the
heart — c. Serosa, Pericarditis.
CARDO, Ginglvmus.
CARDOPATIUM, Carlina acanlis.
CARDUUS ALTIUS, Cynara ecolymus — c.
Benedictus, Centaurea benedicta^— c. Brasilianus,
Bromelia ananas — c. Domesticus capite migori,
Cynara scolymus — c Ilemorrhoidalis, Cirsium
orrense.
Car'duus Maria'xur, Car'dnnt Ifa'Hit, SiVy-
hanif S, Jfana'num sou macuf4x'tvm, Carthamut
tnucula'tu»f Cir'tium macufn'tum, Car'duiu lac'-
teiUt Spina athn, Cttmrnon Milk ThiatU^ or Ladie**
T kittle f (F.) Chardon-Marie, The herb is a bitter
tonic. The seeds are oleaginous. It is not used.
CARDurs PiNEirs, Atractylis gummifera — c.
Sativus. Carthamus tinctorius — c. Sativus non-
spinosus, Cynara scolymus — c. Solntitialis, Cen-
taurea culcitrapa — c. Stellatus, Centaurea calci-
trapa^— c. Toinentosus, Onopordium acanthium —
c. Veneris, Dipsacus fullonum.
CAREBARESIS. Carobnria.
CAREBA'RIA or CAREBARI'A, Carehare*-
•t>, from xapi;, * the head,' and /?upof, ' weight-.'
i^cordine'tna, Cerebn'rinf Scordinit'inn^i, Cordine'-
ma. Heaviness of the head. — Hippocrates, Galen.
CARE'NA, Aare'na. The twenty-fourth part
of a drop. — Ruland and Johnson.
CAREUM. Carum.
CAREX ARENARIA, Sarsaparilla Gcrmanica.
CARIACOU. A beverage, used in Coyenne,
and formed of a mixture of cassava, potato, and
sugar fermented.
C A RICA, Ficus carica.
Car'ica Papa'ya, Papaxe tree, (P.) Papciyer,
Ord. Artocarpere. A native of America, India,
and Africa. The fruit has somewhat of the fla-
vour of the pumpkin, and is eaten like it. The
milky juice of the plant and the seed and root
have been regarded as anthelmintic.
CAR'ICU.M. Said to have been named after
its inventor Caricus. Oar'jfcnm, A detergent
application to ulcers ; composed of black hclle-
l.ore, sandaraoh, copper, lead, sulphur, orpiment,
nontharides, and oil nf cedar. — Hippocrates.
CAR IE, Caries — c. det Dentt, Dental gangrene.
CARl£, Carious.
GA'RIES, Nigrit^iet O^'fiwm. An ulceration
»/ hone,—^Necro9i9 being death of a bone. It
/i *» * ah Ja> the gungrvnt of soft parts. Hence it
has been termed Canea aangrteno^Wf Omgr^mm
Wrien, G. Ot'tium, Ter/do, Arro'aio, Eurv^ (V.)
Carie. It is recognised by the swelling of th«
bone which precedes and accompanies it i by th*
abscesses it occasions; the flstulse which fomi
the sanious character, peculiar odour and qnaii*
tity of tliA suppuration, and by the evideaM
afforded by probing. The most common canaw
of caries are blows; — the action of soma viruy
and morbid diathesis. When dependent on anj
virus in the system, tku must be combated hv
appropriate remedies. When entirely local, tt
must be converted, where pracUcable, into a lUlt
of necrosis or death of the affected part. For
this end stimulants, the actual cantery, Ae.^ tn
applied.
Caries, Denttuv, Dental gangrene— o. Pndoi-
dorum, see Chancre — c. of Uie Vertebrte, Verta-
bral disease — c. Vertebrarum, Vertebral diseiM,
CAJifEUX, Carious.
CARIM CURINI, JusUtia ecbolium.
CARI'NA, < a ship's keel/ The vertebral eo-
lumn. especially of the foetus. Also, the breaiU
bone bent inwards. Hence, Pectma earina'twmg
— the chest affected with such deformity.
CA'RIOUS. (7anV«ii«, Euro'des, (F.) Cariig
OarieMT. Affected with caries.
CARIUM TERR^ Calx.
CARIVE. Myrtns pimenta.
CARIVILLANDI, Smilax sanaporilla.
CARLINA, 'Carline ThisUe/
Carli'xa Acaul'is, C. chamm'Uony CkawimFm
lean alhumf Cardapa'tiumf (F.) Carline Mm* l*f%
which grows in the Pyrenees, and on the maam-
tains of Switxerland, Italy, Ac, has been reeoi^
mended as a tonic, emmenagogue, and audorifieu '
Carlina CHAMiELEOir, C. acanlis.
CAR USE SAXS TfGE, Carlina acanlis.
CARLO SANCTO RADIX. *Su Charlea^
Root': found in Mechoachan, in America. TIm
bark is aromatic, bitter and acrid. It is eoiiai-
dered to be sudorific, and to strengthen the gmiif
and stomach.
CARLSBAD, MINERAL WATERS 07.
Carlsbad is a town in Bohemia, 24 miles inm
Egra, celebrated for its hot baths. The water
contains about 47 parts in the 100 of pnrginc
salts. It is a thermal saline ; temperature 121*
to 167° Fahrenheit. The constituents
bonic acid, sulphate of soda, carbonate of
and chloride of sodium.
CARMANTINE, JusUtia pectorali»—<. Peelo-
rale, Justitia pectoralis.
CARMEN, 'a verse.' An amulet. A chana^
which, of old, often consisted of a rerse. Bat
Charm.
CARMINANTIA, Carminatives.
CARMINATIVA, Carminatives.
CARMIN'ATIVES, Carmiman'txa sen CarmU
nati'vOf from earmenf * a verse,' or ' charm,' Ai^
tiphyt'icaf Phy»ago'ga, Xan'ticOf (F.) Carminm^
tij'ti. Remedies which allay pain, Mike a charm/ (?)
by causing the expulsion of flatus from the au«
mentary canal. They are genenUly of the class
of aromatics.
The Four Greater Carminatiyb Hot Seidi,
Quat'uor tein'ina cal'ida majo'ra carminati'vOf
were, of old. anise, carui, cummin, and fenneL
The Four Lesser Carmix ativs Hot Sekim^
Quat'ftor tern' inn eal'ida mino^ra, were bishop's
weed, stone parsley, smallage. and wild carrot.
CARMOT. A name given, by the alchymisii^
to the matter which they believed to oonstitalt
the Philosopher's stone.
CARNABADIA, Carum, (seed.)
CARXABADIUM, Cuminum cyminum.
CARNATIO, Svssarcosis.
CARNATION, Dianthus caryophyllna.
QABKELIAK
178
CAftPHOLOeiA
CABKEIilAN, ConielUn.
CARXEOLUS, Cornelian.
CAR'NEOUS, Car^ntQUB, Oamo'tnt, Sareo'det,
fmeame^tuMf from caro^ 'flesh/ (F.) Chamu*
Consisting of flesh, or resembling flesh.
Caritbous Colctmxb, Fleshy Columni, Coluw*-
«« Cur Ma, of the heart, (F.) Colomue* ckamue;
mn muscular projeetions, situate in the cavities
of the heart They are oalled^ also, Mu$'ouli Pa-
piUa'res,
CAKKKons Fibres, FUthy Fibret, Mut'cular
J^hrt9f (F.) Fibre* ekamueM Ott muaeulairea, are
fibres belonging to a muscle.
CARNEUM MARSUPIUM, Ischio^trochan.
tarianus.
CARNIC'ULA. BtminatiTe of earo, 'flesh/
The gum, — Oingiya. — Fallopins.
CARNIFIGA'TIO, Camification — e. Pulmo-
Bum, Hepatisation of the Inngs.
CARNIFICA'TION, Oam%Jiea*t%i>, from earo,
'fleafa,' and^srt, 'to beoome.' Trant/omuUion
4mio ke^k. A morbid state of certain organs, in
which the tissue acquires a consistence l^e that
of fleshy or muscular parts. It is sometimes ob-
aerred in hard parts, the texture becoming sof-
tened, as in Onteo-sarcoma. When it occurs in
the lungs, they present a texture like that of
liver. Such is the condition of the foetal lung.
CARNIFOR'MIS ABSGES'SUS. An abscess,
which ordinarily occurs in the neighbourhood of
tiie articulations, and whose oriftoe is hard, the
■idee thick and callous. — M. A. Severinus.
CARNIVOROUS, Camiv'oru*, SarcopVa-
gm», CretOopk'agtUf Oreoph*agu$, (F.) Carnivore,
from earo, ' flesh,' and voro, * I eat.' That which
eats flesh. Any substance which destroys excres-
eanees in wounds, ulcers, Ac.
CARNOSA CUTIS, Pannionlus oamosus.
CARNOS'ITAB, (F.) GamoHU, from earo,
'flesh.' A fleshy excrescence.
CARNOS'ITIKS OF THE URE'THRA, Car*,
tmdet in the Urt'tkra, (¥,) Camtmtia ou Oaron^
c a /at de Vnrktre, Small fleshy excrescences or
ftangoos growths, which were, at one time, pre-
fumed to exist in the male urethra, whenever re-
ttDtion of urine followed gonorrhoea.
M. CulKrier uses the term Camtrnti vfnSrienne
for a entaneous, cellular, and membranous tu-
mour, dependent upon the syphilitio Tirua. See,
alio, Polysareia.
CARNOSUS, Cameous.
CARO, Flesh — o. Accessorial see Flexor longns
digitorum pedis profundus perforans, (aocesso*
rins)— c Sxcrescens, Excrescence — c Fungosa,
Fungosity — c Glandnlosa, Epiglottic gland — c
Luxurians, Fungosity—c. Orbicularis, Placenta —
e, Parenchymatica, Parenchyma — c Quadrata,
Pklmaris breris — c Quadratus Sylvii, see Flexor
longoB digitorum pedis profundus perforans, (ao-
oeesorins) — c Yisoerum, Parenchyma.
CAROB TREE, Ceratonia siliqua.
CAROBA ALNABATI, Ceratonium ailiqua.
CARODES, Carotic.
CAROLI, see Chancre.
CAROLI'NA, NORTH, BflNERAL WATERS
OF. In the counties of Warren, Montgomery,
Boekiagham, Lincoln, Bnnoomb, and Rowan,
there are mineral springs. Tney belong gene-
rally to the sulphureous or acidulous saline.
CAROLINA, SOUTH, MINERAL WATERS
OF. They are numerous. Paoolet Springs, on
the west bank of Pacolet Rirer, contsdn siUphnr
and iron. Many, with similar properties, but not
held in estimation, are scattered about the State.
CAROKCULE, Camndo— e. LackrymaU, Ca-
mde.
CAEONOULES MTRTXFORUES, Cwun-.
oulss myrtiformes — e. d% VVritr*, Canoalllif aff
the urethra.
CARO PI, Amomnm eardamomnm.
CAR0SI8, Somnolency.
CAROTA, see Danous carota.
CAROT'IC, Carofieut, Carolfid, Oarot'idmB,
Caro'det, Com'ato$€, from Kaptt 'stupor/ (F.)
Carotique. Relating to stupor or earti* — as a
earotie fto^e,— or to the carotids.
Carotio Arteries, Carotids — o. Ganglion,
see Carotid Kenre — c. Nenre, Carotid nenra— >«.
Plexus, see Carotid Nerve.
CAROTICA, Nareotics.
CAROTICUS, Carotic
CAROTID, Carotio.
CAROT'IDS, Carot'idet, Carot'iea, OaroHde€h
Capita'lee, Jugnla're; Sopora'Ut, Sopora'ria, So^
pori/'ertt, Sofnn^f'ertB, Apopiee'tiem, Letkar'aiem
{Artt^ria)y the Carotid Ar'tenet, Cepkal'ia Arte-
r%t», (F.) ArUret Carotidea; from Kofof, 'stupor/
The great arteries of the neck, which carry blood
to thfl head. They are divided into, 1. Primitive
or common; the left of which arises from the
aorta, and the right from a trunk, common to it
and the subclavian. 2. External or perieepkal'ie,
branch of the primitive, which extends from the
last to the neck of the condyle of the lower jaw ;
and, 3. Internal, Arte'ria eerehraUi* vel enee-
pkaViea, another branch of the primitive, which,
arising at the same place a« the external, enten
the cranium, and terminates on a level witii tiio
fissure of Sylvius, dividing into several branches.
Carotid or Carotic Canai., Cana'lit Carot*ien9,
Canal injlexe de Voe iemporalr—{Qh,), Canal earo^
tidien, is a eanal in the temper^ bone, through
which the carotid artery and aeveral nervous
filaments pass.
Carotid or Carotic Foramika, ^orom'tna Ca^
rotfiea, (F.) Troue carottdiene, are distinguished
into internal and external. They are the foram-
ina at each extremity of the Canalie Carotiew,
Carotid GAMOuoif, see Ouotid nerve.
Carotid Nerve, Carotic nerve, Nervue earof^^
ieue, A branch from the superior cervical gan-
glion of the great sympathetie, whieh ascends by
the side of the internal earotid. It divides into
two portions, whieh enter the earotid eanal, and,
by their oommunieation with each other and the
petrosal branch of the vidian, form the carotid
plexus. They also frequentiy form a small gan-
gliform swelling on the under part of the artery
—the earotie or carotid or eavemoiM ganglion^
ganglion of Laumonier,
Carotid Plexus, see Carotid nerve.
CAHOTTE, Daucus carota.
CAROUA, Carum, (seed.)
CAROUBIER, Ceratonium siliqna.
CAROUOE, see Ceratonium siliqua.
CARPASA, Carbasa.
CARPA'SIUM, Car^paemn, and Carp^einm.
Dioscorides, Pliny, Galen, Ac, have given thesa
names, and that of Carpaaoe, to a plant, whieh
cannot now be determined, and whose juice, called
Opoear^paeon, ewKo^anp, passed for a violent,
narcotic poison, and was confounded with myrrh*
CARPATHICUM, see Pinna eembra.
CARPE, Carpus.
CARPENTARIA, Achillea miUefoUum.
CARPESIUM, Carpasinm.
CARPHO'DES, GirpkcHdee, from icaffot, 'fioe-
euiue,' and uiet, 'resemblance/ Flocculent,
stringy ; — as mueue earpkodea, floeoalent or
stringy mucus.
CARPHOLOG^IA, Tilmue, Carpolog*'ia, Cro^
eidie'mue, Croeydit'mtu, Floeeo'rmn vena'tio, Floe-
cile*gimn, Triclolog"ia, Crocidix'it, Floecila'tiou^
Floceita'tion, from itapi^t, *floc*etdui* and Xfy«y
<I collect),' or 'pluck/ (F.) CarphoUgie, Aettia
CABPH08
lU
CAETILAeO
of gathering flocoolL A delirioiM picking of the
bed-clothen, u if to seek some sabstance, or to
pull the iloccali from them. It denotes great
cerebral irritjibility and debilitj, and is an un-
favourable sign in fevers, Ac
CARPHOS, Trigonella foenam.
CAllPIA, Linteum.
CARPI^EUg, Palmaris brevis.
CAKTIAL, Car'pian, Carpxa'nua, Oarpia'lU,
(F.) CarpUn. Belonging to the Carpus.
Car'pial Lia'AMK!rr8| (F.) LigamenU Carpient,
are, 1. The fibrous fasoisB, whion nnite the bones
of the carpus ; and, 2. The annular ligaments,
anterior and posterior.
CARPIAN. CarpiaL
CARPIEN, CarpiaL
CARPI8MUS, Carpns.
CARPOBALSAMUM, see Amyris opobal-
aamum.
CARPOLOGIA, Carphologia— e. Spasmodiea,
Subsultns tendlnum.
CARPO-METACARPEUS MINIMI DIQI-
TI, Adductor metacarpi minimi disriti — c. Mita-
carpien du petit doigt^ Opponens minimi digiti-^
e. Jfftacarpien du pouce^ Opponens pollicis — c
Phalangeus minimi digiti, Abductor minimi digit!
— e. Phalangitn du petit doigt. Abductor minimi
digiti — c. Phalangien du petit doiat, Flexor par-
vus minimi digiti— c. Phalangien au /wuce, Flexor
bre vis pollicis manus — c. Sus-phalangien dupouee,
Abductor pollicis brcvis.
CARPO-PEDAL, from carp«i«, 'the wrist,' and
petf pedi«, 'the fooL' Relating to the wrist and
foot.
Carpo-pxdal Spash, Cer'ehral tpatmod'ie
eroup. A spasmodic affection of the chest and
larynx in young children, accompanied by gene-
ral or partial convulsions. The diseane commonly
occurs between the third and ninth month, and
js characterized by excessive dyspnoea, accompa-
nied by a loud croupy noise on inspiration ; the
thumbs being locked, and the hands and feet
rigidly bent for a longer or shorter period. The
seat of the disease is evidently in tiie cerebro-
spinal axis, primarily or secondarily : generally,
perhaps, it is owing to erethism seated elsewhere,
but communicated to the cerebro-spinal centre,
and reflected to the respiratory and other muscles
Aoncemed. It seems to be connected with dental
irritation, and consequently, in the treatment,
where such is the case, the gums should be freely
divided; after wbich, cathartics and revulsives,
with the uso of narcotics and appropriate diet,
will generally remove the affection ; for although
extremely alarming, it is often not attended with
great danger. See Asthma thymicuuL
CARPOS, Fruit
CARPOT'ICA, from K0fnro(, 'fhiit' Diseases
affecting impregnation. Irregularity, diflSculty
or danger produced by parturition : — the 8d or-
der, class Oenetica, of Good.
CARPUS, Cnrpit'mut, Brar.hia'ti, RaaeeUoy
Rntte'ttif Jtcuehaf Raa^ta, Rate^taf the irri»f.
(F.) Carpe, Poignet. The part between the fore-
arm and hand. Eight bones compose it, (in two
rows.) In the superior row there are, fr>om with-
out to within — the SeaphcHdet or naneula'ri,
Lunn'ri or temiluna'rif Cunei/or'mif and Orhicu-
la're or pi9\for*nU. In the lower row — Trapt''
stum, Trapftolde»f Ifagnum^ and Unei/or'n^
CARRAGEEN MOSS, Fucus crispus.
VARRi DE LA CUJSSE, Quadratns femoria
• -e. d€» Lomhet, Quadratns lumborum — & du
Mfnton, Depressor lubii inferioris — c. du Pied,
JExtePsnr bre vis digitorum pedis.
dARBEAUt Tabei mesenteric^.
CARR£e, see Flexor longns dSgitomm paflg
profundus perfbrans, (aceessorius.)
CAERELET, (F.) Acua inamgula'ria. A
straight needle, two or three Inchea long, A«
point of which is triangular; and which tk«
ancients used in different operationa. Also, %
wooden, triangular frame for fixins a elotfi
through which different pharmaeeutiesd pt«pM»*
tions are passed.
CARROT, CANDT, Athamanta cretensii— tt.
Deadly, Thapsia— o. Plant, Danens carota.
CARTHAMUB MACULATU8, Cat^uoa ■».
rianus.
Cab'thaxub Tuicto'biui, Am'ynm, Omiem,
Crocu$ German*\eu9, Oroctta Saraetn'ieua, Ou**
thamum officina'rum, Ottr'duua BtUi'vut, Se^^^
num, Saffron-Jlower, Saffiower, Bastard SnJ/raa,
Dger'a Saffron, (F.]i (Mrthame, Safran b&vd,
Cartkame de9 Teinturien, Fanuljf, Cynarofli-
BhalesB. Sex. Syst. Syngeneeia Polygmmia squa-
s. The seeds are aromatic, cathartic, and dia-
rotic ; yet to the parroqnet they are an article ef
food; hence their name, Graimea dm ParrofutL
The flowers, Car'tkamua, (Ph. U. 8.) are employed
as a cosmetic, and are a reputed diaphoretic, [f]
CARTHEGON, see Buxus.
CAR'TILAGE, Ckondro; Car'tilago, (F.) Ov-
tilaat. A solid part of the animal body, of a
medium consistence between bone and liganeo^
which in the foetus ia a substitute for boney Imt
in the adult exists only in the Joints, at tha
extremities of the ribs, Ac. Cartilages ara of a
whitish colour, flexible, oompressible, and Tvy
elastic, and some of them apparently inorgaaSa.
They are composed, according to J. Davy, of Ai
albumen, .55 water, and .01 phosphate of iino.
OAJiTILAOE ANONYME, Crieoid, (earti-
lage)— c Epiglottic, Epiglottis — e. Muwcmi, Xi-
phoid Cartila«re— c. Supra-arytenoid, Comienhmi
laryngis— c Tarsal, see Tarsus.
Cartilages, Articular, Obdu'eeni Oar'Hlagta,
invest bony surfaces, which are in contact; henea
thov are called invetting or inenuting eartiit^t$f
(F.) Cartilage* de revitement ou d'eneroAtewtemlm
Cartilages, iNTXRARncrLAR, are such aa mn
situate within the Joints, as in the knee Joint.
Cartilages of OssiPicA'Tioy are sueh aa, in
the progress of ossification, have to form an ia-
tegrant part of bones ; as those of the long bosui
in the new-bom infxmt. They are termed taa-
porarg; the others being permaumL All tha
cartilages, with the exception of the articuUr,
are surrounded by a membrane anslogona to Ihia
periosteum, called Periehon^drium,
Cartilages of the Ribs are, in some respeeCi^
only prolongations of the ribs. Those of the nose,
of the meatus anditorius, and Eustachian tnbi^
present a similar arrangement. Other cartilages
resemble a union of fibrous and cartilaginoos taz-
turcs ; hence their name Fibro-eartilaaet,
Cartilages, Seiiilunar, see Benmnnar — a.
Sigmoid, Semilunar cartilages.
CARTILAGINES GUTTURALES, Aiyta-
noid cartilages— c. Semilunafes, Semilunar earli-
lagcs — c. Sigmoidese, Semilunar cartilagea.
CARTILAGI5IS ArTTENOIDJBJB CaPITDLUV, CoT-
niculum laryngis.
CARTILAG"INOUS. Cartitagiu'ew, Carhla^
gino'9U9, Chondro*de9, Chondroi'det, (F.) Cbrfi-
laginewr. Belonging to, or resembling cartilage.
Cartilaginous, Tissue, see Tissue.
CARTILAGO, Cartilage — c. Clypealis, Thy-
roid cartilage — c. Ensiformis, Xiphoid cartilaM
— e. Gnttalis, Arytenoid cartilage — c. Innoan-
nata, Crieoid—- c. Mncronata, Xiphoid cartilsge^
c Peltalis, Thyroid eartilage. Xiphoid cartilafs
— c. Scutiformis, Thyroid carUlage — c. Uviftry
Uvula— 0. Xiphoides, Xiphoid oai&aga.
p^
(UBtnc
m
CA.RtrH, from Cuu, s pTorince of
Jb^tli tarvi tea tarum, .^'lin tarri, Ca'reum,
ftinui Mr'm, CSrvs Cumrt»m praln'tt, Carm,
BTfi. f'loilf, UmbcUiferB. £'u. ibic P«nUin.
srta Digraiii. Th< need*, Oariuiha'airi, Gir'oau,
m nnninaUT*. Dop», gr. x to K)j, BWklloKed
*l>..l* DC bruised. The oiJ, Offl.o Cai^it, (F.)
Biiitt di earn, hu the praiicrliea uC the Medt.
UoM. gt«- U to yj.
-1 (i. j^ Bunliim hulbocMt*-
CAR'CNCLB, a.™«'«ife, diminntlTB of m«,
•a*ib.' AmuUlponiDDDf flcati, .%>-'Wi.R<, .S'ar.
*f •!«. A Beihy eicrMoenoe, — Ecp^ii'ma ear-
^rMl^ (F.) 0™™ie.
CtBBiclA CtrniulUi.
CuiEici-ES m TBI UrktSBI, Cnrnoiltin.
CtBi'i-ciiL* Lachbibi'lh, (P.) CanmeBii
UtrjaaU A (mall, leditiih, folliculH body,
A gvtBEEiT InbflAaei
•l&elurip n
ClRDVCI
Tea bmre been lo eaUeil by m
..% HTRTrrun'iEi, a I'.wi
.,r„/.„'»«. (F.I 0,™n™t„
iraie. Bmall, icditbh talwrclea, mare
IB, nf raHoble fonn, KDd uneertain ni
immU new ttie oriBiH oriho Tn^oa, and '
r the miteaBi tneiDhruie. Tbey irt re
I tht tvmaxBi of the hymen.
Cuiuicci..B P1PUJ.1HIB, PapUltB or tl
CABtJSTCULOUS, Can
Belatiog tu
CABtrOK. Ckrum.
CARU8. cofK, Sapor Hiro'ft'fw, Prnfimnd tlttp.
The Um ilegrM of cnam, with eomplste intenii-
ilXtlf. wtUA no «tioiului cm remove, e*en for ■
few iaetaau. iSnpar, Onuni fciAni-ijin, uid Oo-
nai, are foor Aegtrtt of the nmo eondltiuo.
Caatts AropLCiu, Apopleiy — a. Asphyxia,
Aspbyala — t. Calalepiia, Calalepiy — 0. Eoaiuii,
Mraoi — e. ab Iniola^one. Oaip de toltil~e. he-
tbarga>» Lelharf^'— <]. Lelharpu cataphnro. &om-
nut«n^ — c LeChargni vi^. Coma yigQ — c
Pantlydi, Panly^ — o. Paralysis pa™plo)[ia,
P>r«|AeKia — o- Vetomns, Lethargy.
CAHYA. Juglui rai^a — e. Builioa, Jnglana
Wfia.
fABTBDOS CATAOMA, teeFrsetore.
CABTOCOSTINCS, Curjo™fi»uH>. An elec-
taaij preptrcl of the cosUis and uthec aromatic
ruMjuiM*, A«. It was Faihartic 6ee CoofecUo
"aKTON PONTICOtT, Coryloi aTellana
(n...|
CARTOPHTt-LA, Qt«m nrhatinra.
CABi'OPHTLLATA AQllATrcA, C!eoio rl-
Talfr—c IVnlani* Gijuia HtoIr-^o. Urba&a, Geom
orbansm — c Vnlgarif. Oenm urhanDra.
CARTOPUyLLDM BUBRDM, DlanUiiu oa-
rynpliyllos.
CABYOPHYLLtra AUBBICANUS, mUyr-
Uu piouDta — 0. AromalicQB, Kugeaia earyophyi-
lUa — c HorlCDiif, Diaothui cuyophyllui — e.
PimrnlB. MyiUu Pimenta — c Volgarii, OeuDi
CARTO'Tr. The beH kioit of Jatei.— Galen.
CAS RASES (P.), Anrc eats. This term ii
Ued, hi the French, for pathological faoti, which
mtrtSmm'htUttati, aa* > aetefaraMd article
nndcr Ihia head In the Bid
JfAiiw
1, IV.
CAPAMUM. Cjclatntn.
CASAMUNAK, CuiuiatiDlir.
CAS'CARA, CASCARIL'LA. Spanlih irnrdt,
irhieh liKLiiy bnrh and Halt bnrk, nudcr wbieh
ippellaliuaa Ihe tnrk (Gmebuna] ii koooD in
Peru. They am now appMad to the Urk of 0™.
na cflKunV/o. The bvk-galhvran are called
CASCARILLA. Crotan oafearilln.
CAHVAHIILEROS, aee Cauaia.
CASCUEII, Csleuhu,
CASE, Capta, Thtca. (F.) Cairn. Thii nam*
iKenu, or of mediclou neee
ither aerriee. We ay, e. g
— Acan
0/a^p^.
The conditiun ol a palieni:-
CASEARIUS, Cbeety.
CA'SEIN, Cantint, Ca'm
n, Oalar
nt. Ca.
nlOtigenized DODatlEaant of milk- It Is identical
in eumpoiitlon witb the Chief conitlUient* Of
of protein. A iimiUr principle exiau In the tsw
Ublc, ViaetabU Cuttia or Legu'mi-, Vti/'elohU
Olultn. It in chiefly found in legamil
u is I
CDBgalab
Like'
e alkon
CisaiN, BuiOD, Olohalin.
CASEOSUS, Cheesy.
CASEOUS HATTER, Canin,
CASEUH, Casein.
CAREUS, CbcKse— e. Eqainns, Hippae*.
CASEUX. Cheesy.
CABHEW, Anacardium oocidentale.
CABHOO. An aramatio drug of Hlndooila^
iiid to poiBBBB peotoraJ TirtodL
CABHOW, Cataoha.
CARIA, Lbutuo cassia.
CAHMINA. Cauumuniar.
OASMONAR, Oasiamuniai.
C43SA, Thorai.
CASSADA BOOT, Jatropha manihol
CA^RAVA ROOT, Jatropha manihot.
CASSS AJlOilATlQVS, Lanrus caula — e.
>i Iiaiant, Cuiia Dstula— e. th ItoU, Laurus eaa-
CASSB-UmETTES, Cyanoi •ageUm, Eh-
phroiiii ofEcInalis.
CASHEENA, Ilex Tomitoria.
CASSENOLKS, >h Querent Infcotorln.
CAS»1A, Lannii eawia— e. Absna, Abrna— a.
Aeiitifulia. C. senna — 0. Sgyplinn, 0. senna —
E. Alexandrlna, C. fistula — e. Bonplandiana, C.
Bslula.
Cahsia CBt¥:SCRiii'TA, Prairie uniia, Par-
Iriiigt Pea. Wild Sei'n. An indigeiioui plant,
Fam. I/OgurolnoMC, wMuh flowers in Aogiist. It
resemhlei! Caasia Uarilandica in properties.
Caasia CiHDAiioiiK*, Lnurua laula — e. Ca-
ryopbyllaU, Myrtna carynpbyllslB — a. Canella,
Lauriii easiia~e. Egyptian, Caasia lenna — c
Bieelsa, C, fistqla.
Cii'Hi Prs'Ti'LA, Cn^tia ■
la'rit, O. AtexBHitri'tm aen urtl'tn leu Boniilti*
dia'na, (Venn, Oiiiiia ibIuICc " -- ' ■-•-
OilHartacnr'pBi, flactjrrflo'Wne
Cn-ia, (F.) Ohm Canffleier,
C—ie dti Ilo<,liq«n. Tbe pnlp nf Ca^t F«f
(■(a or Pi-tlwnorar'pai Fiilnla ; Fnn. Leplml-
dosb; Six. Sytl. Decaadrla Monogynli, Pvlf^
Oai'ria, Ctxn* Arann'lan, CaHiia fUtmm
•lulCca, OtHna J'tlitln,
^■biamjii'lyra, /*«rijtnj
loin-, Ca.<r ™ mi^,,,.
CABSLfi ARAMENTUM
IW
CATABLEMA
PulpOf (Ph. U. 8.)i which \b obtained in long
pods, iff black, bright, and shining; sweet, slightly
acid, and inodorous. It is laxative in the dose
of 3iv to gj.
Gaasia Lanceolata, C. senna — o. lagnea,
Lanrus cassia — c Lignea Malabarica, Lauras
cassia.
Cassia Marilan'dicAi Senna Ameriea'na,
American S^nna, WiM Senna, Locust plantf (F,)
Sfn4 tVAm4riijutf, The leaves of this plant are
siiniltir, in virtne, to those of cassia senna. They
arc, however, much inferior in strength.
Cassia Nigra, C. fistula — c. Officinalis, C.
senna — c. Orientalis, C. senna— c Purging, Cas-
sia fistula.
Cassia Srnna, C. laneeola'ta sen aeuti/o'lia
seu onVHta'lit »eu ojffieina'lU. The name of the
plant which afi'ords senna. It is yielded, how-
ever, hy several species of the genus caraia. The
leaves of senna, Senna Folia, Senna Alexandri'-
na, S*inna Ital'^ca, Sena, Senna or ^Jgyptian
Ca»»in, (F.) SSn/-. Ca99e Sinf., have a faint smell,
and bitterish ta«te. The active part^ by some
called Cnthartiuf is extracted by alcohol and
water. Tlicir activity is injured by boiling water.
They arc a hydragoguo cathartic, and apt to
gripe. Done of the powder, ^j to 3j> Infusicta
is the beet form.
The varieties of senna, in commerce, are Tin-
nicetly Senna, Bomhay or Common India Senna,
Alexandrian Senna, Tripoli Senna, and Aleppo
Senna.
CASST.E AR AMENTUM, see Cassia flstular-
0. Fii^tuliB pulpa, 8ce Cassia fistula — c. Floros,
see LnuruH einnamomum.
CASS I ALA. HyHsopus.
CASSIDA UALEKICULATA, Scutellaria ga-
lericuinta.
CASSIDE DLEVE, Scutellaria galericulata.
CASSTXA, Ilex vomitoria.
CASSIXE CAROLINIANA, Hex paraguensis
— c. Evergreen, Ilex vomitoria— c. Peragua, Ilex
paragucniiis.
CASSIS, Ribes nigrum.
CASSITEROS. Tin.
CASSUMU'NIAR, Oatamu'nar, Ca*mofiar,
Zerumhet, Camniua, Hi'tngon, Ben'gall fndo'rum,
Bengal Boot, (F.) Bacine de Bengale, A root,
obtained from the East Indies, in irregular slices
of various forms ; some cut transversely, others
longitudinally. It is an aromatic bitter, and is
oousequently tonic and stimulant. It was once
considered a panacea, and has been referred to
Zingiber Vantumuniar, Z, Clifford'ia seu purpu-
reum, Amo'mum monta'nnm, and to Zingiber Ze~
rumbet, Z. epurium, Amo'mum Zerumhet sen ejfl-
vee'tre,
CASSUVIUM POMIFERUM, Anacardium
occidentale.
CAS'SYTA FILIFORM'IS. A South African
plant, Nat. Ord. Laurineae, which is employed
by the Cape colonists as a wash in scald head,
and OS an antiparasitic.
CAST, Caste.
CARTALIA SPECIOSA, Nymphjca alba.
CASTANEA, Fagus castanea, see also Fagus
castanea pumila— o. Equina, iBsculus Hippocaa-
Uinum— c. Pumila, Fagus castanea pumila.
CASTE, Cant, from (P.) Caeta, 'race or lineage.'
A name given, by the Portuguese in India, to
vlasses of society, divided according to occupa-
tions, which have remained distinct from the
earliest times. Hence a separate and fixed order
or class. See Half-caste.
CASTELLAMARE DI STABIA, WATERS
OF. Castellamare di Stabia is a town in Naples,
is the Principato Citra, 16 miles S. S. E. of Na-
ples. There are two springs the one ndpha-
reous, the other chalybeate.
CASTELLETTO ADONO, WATERS OV.
These waters, situate near Acqnl, in Italy, an
sulphureous.
CASTERA-VIVBNT, WATERS OF. Cm-
tera-Vivent is a small village in the department
of Qers, near which is a cold acridulons chaly-
beate, and another which is salphureoui
thermaL Temp. 84® Fahrenheit
CASTIGANS, Corrigent
CASTIGLIO'NIA LOBA'TA, PitlonetUo
A tree, which is cultivated in some parts of Per%
and grows wild in abundance. Its beauUfol find^
when roasted, has an agreeable flavour. Whea
an incision is made into the stem, a clear br^ht
liquid flows out, which, after some time, becomM
black and homy-like. It is a very powofU
caustic.
CASTJOE, Catechu.
CASTLE-LEOD, WATERS OF. A snlphs.
reous spring in Ross-shire, Scotland, celebnftid
for the cure of cutaneous and other diaeasea.
CASTOR BAT, Magnolia glauca.
Castor Fiber, Fiber, Cam* Pon'tieua, tbi
Beaver, (F.) Cattor. It furnishes the C^toc
Rondelet recommends slippers made of its difai
in gout. Its blood, urine, bile, and fit, were iSw-
merly uaed in medicine.
Castor Oil Plant, Ricinus commnnis.
CASTO'REUM, Catto'rium, Cattor, Ouforewi
Boe'ticum et Canaden^ti, from <a«Twp^ ' the ba^
ver,' quasi y'^^^^f* horn yami^ * the belly,' b^
cause of the size of its belly. (?) A peculiar
matter found in bags, near the rectum of tht
beaver, Caetor fiber. Its odour is strong, unple*- •
santy and peculiar; taste bitter, subacrid; and
colour orange brown. It is antispasmodic iad
often employed. Dose, gr. x to Qj.
CASTORINA, from Caetoreum, 'castor.' Me-
dicines containing castor.
CASTRANGULA, Scrophularia aquatica.
CAST BAT, Castratus.
CASTRA'TION, Cattra'iio, Ee'tomf, Eetcm'im,
Erira'tio, Exeaetra'tio, Eteeticula'tio, JSxtirpa'ti^
teeticulo'rum, Detetta'tio, Exeec^tio viriPium, Ku»
nvckiti'wu9, Orchotom'ia, Oreheot'omy, Orchidof"
omtf, (F.) Chdtmre. The operation of removiu
the testicles. Sometimes the term is employed
for the operation when performed on one testicle;
hence the division into compleie and ineoimpUu
ea^tration. Castration renders the individual im-
capablo of reproduction.
CASTBATO, Castratus.
CASTRA'TUS, (I.) CattraHo, Ectom'im9,
Emancula'tue, Evira'tue, Ex9ec'tu9, Detee'tM, JSr-
trtticula'tut, Ex fnanbu9, lnte9tab' il\», Intenta'hmf
Spado, Apoc'oput, Bago'a9, from co»(rore, *tO
castrate.' (F.) Caatrat, Chdtri, One deprived
of testicles. This privation has a great inflii-
ence on the development of puberty. It ia
adopted to procure a clearer and sharper voice ;
and in the East, the guardians of the Ilarem, for
the sake of security, are converted into Caetra'H
or Eu'nucht, ivvovx9t» Ennucht have generally
both tcijites and penis removed.
CASUS, Prolapsus, Symptom — c. Palpebrw
superioris, Blepharoptosis — c Uvulae, Staphyloe*
demo.
CAT TAIL, Typha latifolia.
CATA, Kara, ' downwards,' ' alter,' applied te
time: at times, it gives additional force to tlie
radical word. A common prefix, as in —
CATAB'ASIS, from Kara0aty», *I descend.'
An expulsion of humours downwards. Alao» %
descent, De9cen'9U9, Descen'Ho, — as of the tes-
ticles, De9ceH'9U9 teeticuh'rum,
CATABLE'MA, cara^Air/ia, (irara and ^^Xtts^)
CATABTTHISMOHANIA
177
CATAPLASM
'any thing l«t fall, as a onrtain/ EjnbU'wM, Pe.
rtbU'ma, The outermost bandage which secures
the resL
CATABYTHISMOMA'NIA, from Karafitt-
Bttfif, 'nibmersion/ and navioj 'mania.' Insa-
nity, with a propensity to suicide by drowning.
CATACA3MUS, Cupping, Scarilicaaon.
CATACAUMA, Burn.
CATACAUSIS, Combustion, human— c. Ebri-
osa, Combujition, human.
CATACERAS'TICUS, from tcaraKt^vwut, *I
temper/ 'I correct.' The same as Epicercutieut*
A medicine capable of blunting the acrimony of
humours.
CATACHASMOS, Scarification.
CATACHRISIS, Inunction.
CATACHRISTON, Liniment.
CATACII'YSIS, Effu'%io, Per/yno, from mira-
X*^9 * I pour upon.' Affusion with cold water. —
Hippocrates. Decantation.
CAT ACLASIS, from KaraKXa^tt, 'I break to
pieces.' Cam'pjflum, CampyWti*. Distortion, or
spasmodic fixation of the eyes; spasmodic occln-
■ion of the eyelids ; also, fracture of a bone. —
Hippocrates, Vogel.
CATACLEIS'; from cara, 'beneath,' and cAcif,
'the clavicle/ 'a lock or fa.itening/ KaraK^fAat
{Kara and kXciw), I lock up. Tills term has been
applied to many parts, as to the first rib, the
acromion, the joining of the sternum with the
rib^, Ac.
CAT ACLDI'SIS, same etymon. A looking up.
The act of locking up. Morbid union of the eye-
lids.
CATACLYS'MTJS, Cbtec/yt'wo, C(ila'e/yM«,
from ffsroirXii^civ, 'to submerge, inundate.' A
C7y«tfer. Hippoor. Others mean, by the term, a
shower-bath, or copious affusion of water; CkUa-
ame'tit. Ablution, Douche,
CAT^ONKSIS, Catantlema, Cataclysmus.
CATAQAUNA, Cambogia.
CAT AG MA, Fracture — o. Fissura, Fissure, see
Contrafissura— e. Fraotura, Fracture.
CAT AGMAT'ICS, Catagmat'ica retMd'i€i, from
maroYfM, 'fracture.' Remedies supposed to be
e^»able of oocasioning the formation of callus.
CATAOOOLOS'SUM, from ccrovciy, 'to draw
down,' and yXuvva, 'the tongne.' An instrument
for pressing down the tongue. Bee Qlossooa-
toehoe.
CATAGBAPHOLOGIA, Phamaooeatagra-
phologia.
CATALEK'TIA. Epilepsy, or some disease
Tesembling it — Paracelsus.
CATALEPSIA SPURIA, Ecstasis.
CATALEPSY, Catalep'na, Catalep'i'; Caf-
oeklf Cat*ochu9, Cat'ocha OaWni, Iforbut atton'-
itm0 CeUi, HjfHt'rxa eatcUepUicaf Congeia'tiOf De-
f^n'tio, EneataUp'tit, Aphonia — (Hipper.,) ^nati'-
dia — (Antigenes,) Apprthen'tiOf Contempla'tio,
Stupor 9ig"ilan«, Prehtn'tiOf Caru» CataUp'wiaf
Oppre»'»io, Compr«hen*no—{Ca\. Aurelian,) Ootn-
pr€n*9io,Apopie^ia Cataltp**xaStom garaXanfiavrnf
'I seixe hold of.' Trance (?) (F.) Oatalepnt. A
disease in which there is sudden suspension of
the action of the senses and of rolition; the
limbs and trunk preserving the different posi-
tions given to them. It is a rare affecUon, but is
seen, at times, as a form of hysteria. Some of
the Greek writers bare used the word in its true
acceptation of a •etjriire, gurprite, Ac.
CATALEPTIC, Catalcp'tieut, same etymon.
Belating to catalepsy. Affected with eatalepsy.
Catalrp'tic Method, Ifeth'odw CataUp'tiea,
The administration of external agents when in-
ternal i^ents are inapplicable.
CATALOT'IC, Catalaeicut; tnm aaraAs««, 'to
13
break or grind down/ A remedy whioh remoni
unseemly cicatrices.
CATAL'PA, (7. Arho'rta, Bigno'uia CataVpOf
CataVpa Cordi/o'Ua, C. Arboretfcena sen Bigno^
nioi'de* sen Stfringa^ofiaf Cataw'ba tree, Indian
Bean, A decoction of the pods of the Catalpa,
an American tree, of tbe Nat, Fam, Bignoniaceae,
Didynamia Angiospermia, has been recommended
in chronic nervous astbma.
Catalpa Arborea, Catalpa— c. Bignonioides^
Catalpa — o. CordifoUa, Catalpa— o. Syringfefolia,
Catalpa.
CATAL'YSIS, Paralysis, from rar«, and Xvw,
'I dissolve or decompose.' The action of prt"
aence in producing decomposition; as when a
body which possesses what has been termed oata-
Ijftie force resolves other bodies into new com-
pounds by mere contact or presence, without
itself experiencing any modification.
CATALYTIC FORCE, see Catalysis.
CATAMENIA, Menses— e. Alba, Leucorrhoea.
CATAME'NIAL, Catamenia'li$, Jien'Mtrual,
Men'ttruMf Men'ttruoiu, (F.) Menttmel, from
Kara, and fuiv, ' a mouth/ Appertaining or relat-
ing to tbe catamenia.
CATAMENIORUM FLUXUS IMMODICUS,
Menorrhagia.
CATANANCE, Cichorium intybus.
CATANGELOS, Rusous.
CATANTLE'MA, OatantU'nt, from mrm,
'upon/ and avrXav, 'I pour/ Cateone'ns and
Oataonc'eie. Ablution with warm water. A la-
mentation. — Mosohion, Maroellns Empirions.
CATAPAS'MA, from Karanagvm, 'Ispriaklew*
Catapat'tumf Conaper^aio, Epipaa*tonf Paunm,
Sgmpat'ma, Empat*ma, Diapae'ma, Xer'i^n, As-
per'no, Epi^pa^tum, Pulvi* amerso'tnus. A eoaa-
ponnd medicine, in the form of powder, employed
by the ancients to sprinkle on uleers, ahsedrb per-
spiration, Ac. — Paulus of iEgina.
CATAPH'ORA, 'a faU/ from ^rmfifm, <I
throw down.' A state resembling sleep, with
privation of feeling and voice. Somnolency.
According to others, Cataphora is simply a pro*
found sleep, which it is diflicult to rouse from~>
in this sense being synonymous with Sopor.
Cataphoba Coxa, see Apoplexy — e. Hydro-
cephalica, see Apoplexy — c. Cymini, Theriaoa
Londinensis— c. Magnetiea^ Somnambolism, mag-
netic
CATAPHRAC'TA, Catapkrae'tM, a Citiram,
frt>m rara^paffffw, ' I fortify. A name given by
Galen to a bandage applied round the thorax ai^d
shoulders. It was also called Quadri*ga.
CATAPIESIS, Depression.
CATAPINOSIS, AbsorpUon.
CATAP'LASIS, from «aravXa#sw, 'to besmear/
The act of besmearing or overlaying with plastar,
CAT'APLASM, CatapUu'ma, Epiplat^ma,
B<BO§f Poultice, Pultice, from KarrnxXmaauv, (cara
and wXaontv, ' to form or mould,') ' to besmear/
(F.) Cataplaemc, . A medicine applied exter-
nally, under the form of a thick pap. Cata-
plasms are formed of various ingredients, and for
different objects. They may be aaocfyae, .sioj.
{ien(, (oate, antiseptic, vrrituUing, Ae. A simple
poultice acts only by virtue of its warmth and
moisture. Mealy, fatty substances, leaves of
plants, certain fruits, emmb of bread, Ao., am
the most common bases. Tbe chief pooltieaf
which hare been offioinal are the following:—
Anodyne — o. CiontSD, c. Digitalis. AniitepHc-^
0. Carbonis, e. Dauei, e. Fermenti, e. Acefcoss», e.
Comini. Emollient — e. Lini, e. Panis, o. Mali
maturu Irritating^'-c. Sinapis, e. Sodii ehloridi«
e. Qnercds MarinL Tonie and Astrii^ent^-^^
Alum, e. Goulard, e. of Roses.
The Parisian Codex has some other .fi^imi
CATAPLASMA BTNES
178
CATARACT
entftplaBins. 1. Cataplat'ma anod'ynumt made of
poppy and hyoscyamus. 2. Catapla^ma emoUientf
ma(ie of meal and pulps. 3. Cataplat'ma ad
Buppuratio'iiem promoren'datn, of pillps and ba-
pilicon. 4. CaUiplat'ma rtihefa'eiena Tel anti-
pUurif' ir.umf formed of pepper and vinegar.
The only cataplasms, the preparation of which it
is important to describe, are some of the following :
Cataplasm, Aluv, Coagulam Aluminosum. —
e. of Beer grounds, see Cataplasma Ferment! —
c. Curroty Cataplasma DaucL-— o. Charcoal, Cata-
plasma cnrbonis lignu
CATAPLASMA BYNES, see C. FermenU.
Cataplas'm A Carbo'nis LiGKly Chareoal Oat-
aplatm or poultice. Made by adding powdered
charcoal to a common cataplasm. Used as an
anUseptic to foul ulcers, Ae.
Cataplas'ma DArci, Carrot Cataplasm or
poultice. Made by boiling the root of the Carrot
until it is soft enough to form a poultice. Used
in fetid ulcers.
Cataplas'ma FiEOULJB Cbrkvisub, see C.
Fermenti.
Cataplas'va Fkrmixt'i, C. efferve^'cena^ Teatt
Cntaplatm or Poult ice f (F.) Cataplatme de Levure,
(Take of meal Ibj» tfeant, ft)ss. Expose to a gentle
heat) It is antiseptic, and a good application
to bruiser. A Oataplaem of Beer Grouniln, Cata-
planma Fa'cula Cerevut'ia, C, Byneu, is used in
the same cases.
Cataplas'ha SncA'pis, C, Sina'peo^, SiH*a-
pitn, 3fn»tard Catnplcum or Poultice, (F.) Cata-
ploMtne de Moutard ou Sinapitme, {Mustard and
itnteed meal or meal && equal parts. Warm
vinegar or water, q. s.) A rubefacient and sti-
mulant applied to the soles of the feet in coma,
low typhus, Ac, as well as to the pained part in
rheumatism, Ac.
CATAPLEX'IS, Stupor, from Kara, and irXrien*,
' I strike.' The act of striking with amazement.
Appearance of astonishment as exhibited by the
eyes in particular. 8ee Ilsamodia.
CATAPOSIS. Deglutition.
CATAPOTTON, Pilula.
CATAPSYX'IS, from jcnrai/a»;c"» 'I refrige-
rate' ; Perijtnyx'it. Considerable coldness of the
body, without rigor and horripilatio, — Qalen,
Per/ric'tio. Coldness in the extreme parts of the
limbs. — Hippocrates.
CATAPTO'SIS, Deciden'tia,h/all. This word,
at times, expresses the fall of a patients attacked
with epilepsy, or apoplexy ; at others, the sudden
rewolution of a paralytic limb.
CATAPULTA VIRILIS, Penis.
CATAPUTIA MINOR, Euphorbia lathyris,
Ricinus communis.
CAT'ARACT, CataracUa, Catarrhoc'ta, Sufu'-
MO Oc'uli, S. Lentie cryntalVintBy Phtharma cata-
rac'tOf Cali'go fentit, Gutta opa*ca, ITtfpoc'hyma,
Hopoc'hynin, Hopoph'y»i9, Pkaconcoto'ma, Parop'-
§it catarac'ta, Olauco'ma Woulhou'ti, from Kara-
^oouv (Karm and patrvttv), ' to tumble down.' A
deprivation of sight, which comes on, us if a veil
fell before the eyes. Cataract consists in opncity
of the crystalline lens or its capsule, which pro-
vents the passage of the rays of light, and pre-
cludes vision. The causes are obscure. Diag-
noein. — The patient is blind, the pupil seems
closed by an opake body, of variable colour, but
commonly whitish : — the pupil contracting and
dilating. Cataracts have been divided, by some,
into MpuriouM and genuine. The former, where
the obstacle to vision is between tiie capsule of
the lens and the uvea: the loiter, where it is in
the lens or capsule. A Unticulnr cataract is
where the affection is seated in the lens : — a cap-
§t*lar or membranout, in the capsule. The cap-
•hUut is divided again, by Beer, into the anterior,
poeterior, and complete eapeular eataractn WbM
the capsule is rendered opake, in conseqvenM
of an injury, which cuts or ruptures any part if
it, it thickens, becomes leathery, and haa beM
called Catarac'ta arida eiliguo'ea, Catara^tm
3forgagnia'na lactea vel purifor'mie, is the aiifly
variety, in which the crystalline ia transformci
into a liquid similar to milk, (F.) Cataraete laU
teute ; or, as generally defined, in which thert it
opacity of the fluid situate between the lens and
its capsule. The eap'eulo-lentic'ular alTectt both
lens and capsule, and Beer conceives the liqur
Morgagni, in an altered state, may contribute tt
it Cataracts are also called hard, •o/}, (Phmm^
mala'cia,) etony, (F. pierreuae,) milky or dieetff
(laiteuae ou caafuee, Galactocatarac'ta, Cataratftm
lactic' olor,) according to their density : — wbiUL
pearly, yellow, brown, gray, green, black, (F.)
blanche, pcrlfe, jaune, brune, griae, vcrte, fwif%
according to their colour : — jh-ed or vaeillatiwf,
— catarac'ta capeulo-lenticula'ria fixa vd frm'<-
fi^, {Y.)Jixe ou branlante, according as they at
fixed or movable behind the pupil. They art
likewise called Caearae'fcs marmora'eiit, /««•-
tra'tit, atella'tte, puncta'ta, d\midia*t<t, ^C, aa«
cording to the appearances they present
They may also bo nrnpU, or complicated wttk
adhesion, amaurosis, specks, Ac. ; and primarf
or primitive, when opake before the operation f—
secondary, when the opacity ii the result of tilt
operation.
The following classification of cataracts la bf
M. Dcsmarres:
Class L Tme Cataraeta,
Green.
Black.
Osseous.
Stony or chalkj.
^6triated,etiolat«4
barred, dehis-
cent, with thret
branches, iw:
Disseminated, or
dotted.
CongenitaL
Traumatic
. Glaucomatous.
Morgagnian; tr
interstitial.
Cystic, purulcaty
fetid.
Other varie- ( Shaking, or float-
ties, 8ofl,hard, < ing.
or liquid. ( Luxated.
f Anterior. F^";^'^''""^
Pcterior. I Arid i.iliqa««e.
All the varieties of lenticular
and capsular cataracts.
' Lenticular.
Capsular.
^ Capsulo-lenticular.
a. Lenticular
Cataracts.
Hard.
Soft
Liquid.
b. Capsular
Cataracts.
c. Capsulo-
Tcntricular
Cataracts.
d. Secondary
Cataracts.
Class IL FaUe Cataraeta.
Fibrinous.
Purulent
Sanguineous.
Pigmentous.
Cataract is commonly a disease of elderly in-
dividuals, although, not unfVequently. congeu'itaL
It forms slowly; objects are tt fir^t seen at
through a mist ; light bodies appear to fly befort
the eyes, and it is not until after months or yeari
that the sight is wholly lost No means will ob«
viatc the evil except an operation, which consifft
in removing the obstacle to the passage of tht
CATABACTA
m
CATABHHUfl
light to Um retina. Pour ohief methods are em-
ployed for this purpose. 1. Couching or Dtpre*-
•ton, Hyalouix'xt, Ifyolonyx't'*, (F.) AbatMemtntf
JMplaeement de la Cataraete. This consists in
imssing a cataract needle through the sclerotica
and subjacent membranes, a little above the
traaiTerse diameter of the eye; and at about two
lines' distance from the eircumferenoe of the
transparent cornea, until the point arrives in the
poeterior chamber of the eye. With this the
crystalline is depressed to the outer and lower
part of the globe of the eye, where it is left.
X Bjf aimorption, — by the French termed bnne-
mentf or hruinng. This is performed in Uie same
manner as the former; except that, instead of
turning the crystalline from the axis of the visnal
rays, it is divided by the cutting edge of the
needle, and its fragments are scattered in the
humours of the eye, where they are absorbed.
3. Bjf txtractio%f which consists in opening, with
a particular kind of knife, the transparent cornea
and the anterior portion of the capsule of the
crystalline ; and causing the lens to issue through
the aperture. Eaoh of the processes has its i^-
Taatages and disadvantages, and all are used by
surgeons, i. Some, agun, pass a cataract needle
through the te'ansparent oomea and pupil to the
crystalline, and depress or cause its absorption.
This is called Eeratonyxsis, which see.
Cataract, Black, Amaurosis — c Capsular,
aee Cataract — c Cf^sulo-lenticular, see Cataract
' — c Centaral, Centradiaphanes — c. Cheesy, see
Cataract — o. Congenital, see Cataract — c. Com-
plicated, see Cataract — c. Fixed, see Cataract —
e. Genuine, see Catsract — c. Hard, see Cataract
— c Lenticular, see Cataract — e. Membranous,
Me Cataract — e. Milky, see Cataract — c. Opake,
Me Cataract — c Primary, see Cataract— c Primi-
tive, see Cataract — c Secondary, see Cataract —
c Simple, see Cataract — c Sof^ see Cataract —
c Spnrions, see Cataract — c Stony, see Cataract
— c. Vacillating, see Cataract.
CATARACTA, Cataract— e. Arida sUiqnosa,
see CiUaraet — c Capsulo-lenticniaris, see Cata-
ract — c Centralis, Centradiaphanes — c Dimidi-
ata, see Cataract — c Fenestrata, see Cataract —
c. Olanca, Glaucoma — c. Laoticolor, see Cata-
ract — c Liquida, Hygrocatumcta — e. Marmo-
ncea, sm Cataract — c. Morgagniana, see Cata-
ract — e. Nigra, Amaurosis — c Punctata, see
Cataract — c Stellata, see Cataract.
CATARACTS, ABAISSEMENT DE LA, see
Cataract— e. Blanche, see Cataract — e. Branlante,
Me Cataract — c Brune, see Cataract — e. Ca9(u§e,
Me Cataract — e. DSplacement <U la, see Cataract
^-c Fixt, see Cataract — e. Oritt, see Cataract —
e. Jaune, SM Cataract — e. Laitev^, see Cataract
— c Noire, Amaurosis, see Cataract — c. PerUi,
Me Cataract — e. Pierr^ut, see Cataract— e. Vtrte,
Me Cataract.
CATARACTS, (F.) CaUtraetuB, Caiarae'td
mHa'hu, One affected with cataract. The French
VM this term, both for the eye affected with cata-
ract and the patient himseUl
CATARIA, BM Kepeta— e. Tnlgaris, Nepeta.
CATARRH^ Catar*rhu9, Catar'rhopw, Catar.
rhmfma, Shemma, De/lux'io, Cata$tag'ma, Phleg-
matorrkag"ia,Phl€gmatorrhM*afttom. Kara, * down-
wards,' and ftm, 'I flow.' A discharge of fluid
from a mnoons membrane. The ancients consi-
dered catarrh m a simple flux, and not as an in-
flammation. Generally it partakes of this cha-
racter, however. Catarrh is, with us, usually
restricted to inflammation of the mucous mem-
braae of the air-passages : the French extend it
to that of all mucous membranes; (F.) Flux
Fluxion eatarrhaU,
rh, in the Knglish wnse, Broneko-eatar'''
rhu», PuVmonary Catarrh, Lung fB9», {wiA*
garly,) Rheuma Pee' tori; BeUilla'tio Pee'torit,
Calar'rhue Pee'torin, 0. Pulmo'num, C, Pulmo^
na*li8, C, Bronchia'lie, Blennop'tuM, TWm oo-
tarrha'li; timplex, Orave'do (of many), Fehrit
Catarrha'lit, Blennotho'rax, Bronchi'tis, Catar*-
rhua d Fri'gori, (F.) Catarrhe pulmonaire, Filvra
CatarrhaU, Rhumc de Poitrine, a Cold, is a su-
perficial inflammation of the mucous follicles of
the trachea and bronchL It is commonly an in-
fection of but little consequence, but apt to re-
lapse and become chronic It is characterised
by cough, thirst, lassitude, fever, watery eyes,
with increased secretion of mucus from &e air-
passages. The antiphlogistic regimen and time
usually remove it — Sometimes, the inflammation
of the bronchial tubes is so great u to prova
CataL
Catajirh, Acvtb, of thb Utsrus, see Metri-
tis — c. Chronic, Bronchitis, (chronic) — c. Dry,
see Bronchitis — c Pulmonary, Bronchitis, Ca-
tarrh — c. Rose, Fever, hay — o. Suffocating ner-
vous, Asthma, Thymicum — o. Summer, Fever,
hay.
Catarrh', Epdbm'ic, Catar'rhue epidem'ieue,
C. d eonta'gio, Rheuma epidem'ieum. Catarrh
prevailing owing to some particular Conttitutio
airit, and affecting a whole country, — InfiuenMO,
CATARRHACTA, Cataract
CATAR'RHAL, Oatarrha'lit, Caiarrho*ieua,
Catarrhal icue, Catarrhoit'icue* Relating to
catarrh, — as Catarrhal Fever.
CATARRHS AIOUJS BE L' UTERUS, 999
Ketritis — 0. Buccal, AphthsB, — c. ConvuUivt,
Bronchitis — o. Gattrique, Gastritis — e. Outtural,
Cynanche tonsillaris — c. ItUeetinal, Diarrhoea —
e. Laryngien, Laryngitis ^ «. Na§al, Corysa —
c. OeuUire, Ophthalmia— e. de V Oreille, Otir-
rhoea — c Pharyngien, Cynanche parotidea — e.
Pituiteux, Bronchorrhoea — e. Pulmonaire, Ca-
tarrh — e. Sm! ; see Bronchitis — c. Stomaeal, Gas-
trorrhoea — e. Utirin, Lenoorrhcsa — e. Fe'stco^
Cystorrhoea.
CATARRHEC'TICA, from Koraefnyrviit, *I
break down.' Remedies considered proper for
evacuating;— as diuretics, cathartics, Ac Hip-
pocrates.
CATARRHEUMA, Catarrh.
CATARRffEUX (F,) Catarrho'eue, One sub-
ject to catarrh ; affected with catarrh.
CATARRHEX'IA, Oatarrhex'ie ; same ety-
mon M Caiarrhectiea, The action of Catarrhee-
tica. Also, effusion; evacuation of the bowels*
CATARRHEXIS, Catarrhexia, Szerement—
c Vera, HsBmatochezia.
CATARRHCEA, Rheumatism.
CATARRHOET'ICUS, from Kenpetm, 'I flow
from.' An epithet for diseaM produced by a
discharge of phlegm ; catarrhal.
CATAR'RHOPA PHT'MATA,fromMrapfo««(^
Karap^niis, * sloping downwards.' Tubercles tend-
ing downwards, or with their apices downwards.
CATARRHOPHE, Absorption.
CATARRHOPHESIS, Absorption.
CATARRHOTIA, Catar*rhyeie, from earn
' downwards,' and povn, * inclination.' An affloz
of fluids towards the inferior parts, and espe-
cially towards the viscera of the abdomen. The
Greek word avappnta expresses an opposite phe-
nomenon, or a tendency towards the upper partfc
CATARRHOPUS, Catarrh.
CATARRHOS'CHESIB, from nrmpfos, 'e^
tarrh,' and o^evif, ' suppression.' The suppres-
sion of a mucous discbarge.
CATARRHUS, Defloxion, Tussis— e. iEstivns^
fever, hay — c. Bellinsulanus, Cynanche paroti-
dsBa — c. Bronchialis, Catarrh — c Bronchiomm»
BronohiUs — c ik Contagio, Influenia— c Bgl>
CATA&UHTSIS
160
CAflKUS FTO0RIU8
iitiaUnu, tnflaenia, Caturh, epidemio — e. Geni-
talium, Leaoorrhoea — o. Gonorrhcea, Gt>noiThoea
*— «. IntostinalU, Diarrhoea — o. Laryngeasy La-
ryngo-catarrbuB— 0. ad Nares, Corysa— c. Nasa-
lia, Coryza — o. Pnlmonalia, Catarrh — e. Pnlmo-
num, Bronchitis, Catarrh — c. Senilis, Bronchitis,
(chronic)—^. Saffoeatiyxis Barhadensis, C. trache-
ali»-H). Traohealis, Laryngo-catarrhas — c. Ure-
thra, Gonnorrhcea pura — c Urethralis, Gonor-
rhcea-^c. Vesiees, Cystorrheea.
CATARRHTSIS, Oatarrhopia, Deflttzion.
0ATARTI8IS, Catartismus.
CATARTIS'MUS, Cator'h'm, from mra^i^nv,
'to repair, replace.' The coaptation of a luxated
or fractured bone, or hernia.
CATASARCA, Anasarca.
CATASCBUE, Structure.
CATASGHASMUS, Bloodletting, Scariflealion.
GATASTAGMUS, Catarrh, Coryza.
CATASTALAGMUS, Coryaa, Distillation.
CATA8TALTICA, Hnmatostatica, SedatlTes.
GATAS'TASIS, from nhorifitt, 'I establish.'
The constitution, state, condition, Ae., of any
thing. — Hippocrates. Also the reduction of a
bone. See GonstitntioB, and Habit of Body.
GATAT'ASIS, from Karanmt,*l extend'. Ex-
tension. The extension and reduction of a frac-
tured limb. — Hippocrates.
CATATHLIP8I8, Oppression.
CATAWBA TREE, Catalpa.
CATAXIS, Fracture.
CATCH FLT, Apocynnm androsamifoUnm,
BUene Yirginica.
CATCHUP, Ketchup.
OAT'ECHU. The extract of rarions parts of
the Aea'eia Cat'echuy Jfimo'ta Ca^eekuf Caa^-
eku, an oriental tree. The drug is also called
Ttrra Japon'iea, Extrae'tum UateehUf Japan
Earthf CfuekeUy Oadtehu, CiukoWf Oaitchu, Ocut-
. jotf Cacau, Cote, Kaath, Cfuti, Outek, GAra, Sue-
euM Japon'ieH9f (F.) Cetehou. It is a powerful
astringent, and is used in diarrhoea, intestinal he-
morrhage, Ac Dose, gr. xv to ^ss, in powder.
Catbchct, SquARx, see Kauclea gambir.
CATEIAD'ION, from mm, and cia, < a blade
of grass.' A long instrument thrust into the
nostrils to excite hemorrhage inheadach. —
AretsBus.
CATEN JS MU8CULUS, Tibialis anticus.
CATBONESIS, Catantlema.
CATGUT, Galega Virginiana.
CATH^'RESIS, icadat^K, 'subtraction, di-
minution.' Extenuation or exhaustion, owing to
fwoed exercise. — Hippocrates. The «ction of
catheretics.
CATHiBRETICUS, Catheretic
CATHARBTICUS, Cathartic.
CATHARI8M0S, Depuration.
CATHAR'MA, Pwrgameneum, The matter
•Taouated by a purgative, or 1^ spontaneous
imrging : also, a cathartic.
CATHAR'MUS, Same etymon ; a purgation.
— Hippocrates. Also, the cure of a disease by
mwiOi Ac.
CATHAR'SIS, from «ad«i^tr, {xaS^ and at^r,
•to take away,') 'to purge.' Purga*tio, Apoca-
thar*H9f Oopropho'ria, Coprophore'M. A natu-
ral or artificial j>«f^alio» of any passage; — mouth,
ft&ns, Tagina, Ac.
CATHAR'TIC, Caihar'tiew, Cathare'tiew,
Catkor'mOf CoproerHfieumj Coprago*gum, Lvtra-
mtmu't^tm, Purgana medieament'um,TriekiU*im, De-
JMlttfrium Remed^ium, Eeeathar'tiew, Hypaeti-
eu9,ffopoekorei'%eu9, Alvum evae'vant, ffyptVatot,
ItajMe^tieu*, Apoeathar'tiew. Same etymon. (F.)
{hthartique, A medicine which, when taken b-
tomally, increases the number of alvine eracua-
tt'wa. Bono substances act upon the upper part
of the intestinal canal, as calomel and eohcfnA j
others, on the lower part, as aloet / and some <m&
the whole extent, as •aline purgatives. Hence a
choice may be necessary. Cathartics are divided
into purgatives and laxatives. The following is
a list of the chief cathartics :
Aloe, Cassia Marilandica, Colocynthis, Elate-
rium, Gambogia, Hydrargyri Chloridum mite,
Hydrargyri Ozydnm nigrum, Hydrarg. cunt
MagnesiSi, Jalapa, Juglans, Magnesia. HagnesisB
Carbonas, Mognesisd Sulphas, Manna, Mannitay
Oleum Euphorbia Lathyridis, Oleum Ricini,
Oleum Tiglii, Podophyllum, Potassss Acetas, Po-
tasssB Bisulphas, Potasesa Sulphas, Potassss Bi-
tartras, PotasssB Tartras, Rheum, Scammonium,
Senna, Sinapis, SodsB et Potassss Tartras, Bodss
Phosphas, SodsB Sulphas, Sodi Chloridum, 8nU
phur, Veratria, Aquss Minerales SulpfauresB el
Salinn, Enemata, Suppositoria.
CATHARTIN, see Cassia Senna» and Coa-
volvulus jalapa.
CATHARTIQUE, Cathartic
CATHARTOCARPUS, CassU fistola.
CATHEDRA, Anus.
CATHEMERIKUS, Quotidian.
CATHEMERUS, Quotidian.
CATHERET'IC, ObMcsret'tciw, EetyhficnM^
Sareoph'agtu, from ica^atpttv, * to eat,' ' destroy.'
Substances applied to warts, exuberant graanla-
tions, Ac, to eat them down. Mild cauttiet*
CATH'ETER, from Ka^m^i (Kaff, and cupc, 'to
send,') ' I explore.' jEne'a, Atgalie, Catketi'rU,
DtmifOTf Immu'»or, A hollow tube, introduced
by surgeons into the urinary bladder, for th«
purpose of drawing olT the urine. Catheters are
made of silver or elastic gum. See Bougie. Th«
French generally use the word etUheter tat the
solid tound or ttaff; and algodit and mmde for
the hollow instrument.
Cathbteb, Nasal. An instrument, invented
by M. Gensoul, of Lyons, for oatheterising the
ductus ad nasum. It is hook-shaped ; the extre-
mity, bent at a right angle, is about an inch \n
length, suited to &e distance of the lower orifice
of the duct from the nostril, and likewise to the
length and form of the duct» with a slight sfural
turn.
CATHETBRIS, Catheter.
CATHETERISIS, Catheterismus.
CATHETERIS'MUS, Caihete'rUit, Catketeri^
ta'iio, Oatk'€Uri$m, CatheteriiM'tion, Immi^mo
Caih^te'ritf same etymon. The introduction of a
catheter oir sound into the bladder or Eustachian
tube. Also probing a wound. Melosis.
CATHETERIZATION, Catheterismus.
CATH'ETERIZE. To perform the operation
of catheterism; — ^in other words, to introduce the
catheter, to probe or sound a cavity.
CATHID'RTSIS, from M5idp»«, <I place to-
gether.' Reduction of a part to its natural situ*
ation.
CATHMIA, Plumbi oxydum flemi-vitraom.
CATHMIR, Calamina.
CATHOD'IC, Caihod*ieu»; from c«^, 'down-
wards,' and Moc, ' a way.' An epithet applied by
Dr. Marshall HaU to a downward ooorae of aar-
vous action.
CATH'OLIC HUMOURS, (F.) Hwnew Co-
tholiquet, are the fluids spread over the whole
body.
CATHOLICON, Panacea.
Cathol'icon Dvplbx. An aadent purging
electuary, chiefly composed of eassi% tamarindsy
rhubarb, senna, Ac.
CATHOLICUM, Panacea.
CATIL'LI A. A weight of nine oui<
CATILLUS, Cup.
CATIKUS FUSORIUS, Crucible.
CATLIKO
181
CAUSA
CATLIN0, Kaifoy doable-edged.
CATO, Karu, 'below/ 'beneath/ This word,
in tbe writiiigB of Hippoeratee, ie often need for
the abdomen, eepecially tbe intestines. When he
adriMf a remedy mitm, he meane a parga^ve ;
when a9u, 'abore or upward*/ an emefiio. As a
prefix, Goto means ' beneath/ as in
CATOCATHARTIC, Catocathar'tieu», from
marm, 'downwards,* and Ka^aiptt*, 'I purge.' A
medicine which purges downwards. One that
produces alrine evacuations. The antithesis to
JLmncatkartie,
CATOCHA QALENI, CaUlepsy.
CAT'OCUfi, Cat'ockeit, Cat*oekn9, from MTtxt*,
' I retain,' ' I hold fast.' This word ha^, by some,
been used synonymously with Catalepsy ; by
others, with Coma Tigil ; by others, with Tetanus.
CATOCHUS, Catoche, Ecstasis— c. Cernnus,
Tetanus— e. Holotonicns, Tetanus-— c Infantum,
Induration of the ooUalar tissue.
CATOMIS'MOS, from jcarM, < beneath/ and
•^•f, 'shoolder/ StAhumera'tio, A mode with
the ancients of reducing luxation of the humerus
bj raising the body by the arm. — Paulus of ^gina.
CATOPTER, Speculum.
CATOP'TRIC EXAMINATION OP THE
BYR. When a lighted candle is held before the
eye, tbe pupil of which has been dilated by bella-
donna, three images of it are seen — two erect, and
one inverted : -^ the former owing to reflection
from the eomea and anterior surface of the crys-
talline; the latter owing to reflection from the
postfertor layer of the crystalline. -This mode of
nxamining the eye has been proposed as a means
o£ diagnosis between cataract and amaurosis. In
the latter, all the images are seen.
CATOPTROMANCT, from cer««r|mr, (care,
smd e«r«/ic(,) 'a mirror/ and pMrru; 'divination.'
A kind of divination by means of a mirror.
CATOPTRON, Speeulum.
CATORCHI'TES. A kind of soar wine, pre-
partd with the orchis and black grape, or dried
figi. It was formerly employed as a diuretic and
cmmenagogue. — ^Dioscorides. Called, also^ Sjfci'-
lesu — Galen.
CATORETICUS, Purgadva.
CATOTKRICUS, PurgaUve.
CATO'TICA, from can*, ' beneath.' Diseases
infecting internal surfaces. Pravity of the fluids
or emunctoriee, that open on the internal surfaces
of organs. The second order in the elass Eocri-
tica of Good.
CATOX'YS, Ptraeu*tu9y from xara, 'an inken-
tive,' and •(»(, 'acute.' Highly acute ; as Morhnt
Catoxy^, M. Peracn'tH*, a very acute disease.
CATS EYE, AMAUROTIC, see AmaoroUo.
CAT'SFOOT, Antennaria dioica.
CATTAGAUMA, Cambogia.
CATTITEROS, Tin.
CATULOTICA, Cioatrisantia.
CATU-TRIPALI, Piper longum.
CAUCALIS CAROTA, Daucui earota— e. 6a-
aieula, Sanicula.
CAUCALOIDES, Patella.
CAUCASIAN, see Homo.
CAUCHEMAR, Ineubus.
CAUCHEVIEILLE, Incubus.
CAUCHUC, Oaoutchouo.
CAUDA, Coccyx, Penis.
Cadda Eqci'ha. The spinal marrow, at its
termination, about the second lumbar vertebra»
gives off a considerable number of nerves, which,
when onrarelled, resemble a horse's tail, — bonce
the name; (F.) Queue de ChevtU, Q,<Ula MoiiU
Mpini^e* See Medulla Spinalis.
Cau»a Salax, Penis.
CAUDAL, Caudate, Cauda'lie, Oauda'iu*; fit>m
eauda, 'a tail.' Relating or appertaining to a
tmL B*Ting a tail or tail-like append^:-—
as 'caudal or eaudeU€ corpnsoles' — oorposelef
having a tail-like appendage, sa in canceroii*
growths.
CAUDATE, Caudal.
CAUDATIO, Clitorism.
CAUDATUS, Bicaudatus.
CAUDIEZ, MINERAL WATERS OP. Cau-
dles is a small town, nine leagues from Perpig«
nan, in France, where there is a thermal springy
containing a little sulphate of soda and iron.
CAUDLE : (F.) Ckaudeau, ekaud, ' warm or
hot.' A nourishing gruel given to women during
the childbed state. The following is a form foic
it : Into a pint of fine gruci, not thick, put, whilst
it is boiling hot, the yolk of an egg beaten witl^
sugar, and mixed with a large spoonful of cold
water, a glass of wine, and nutmeg. Mix tha
whole well together. Brandy is sometimes sub-
stituted for the wine, and lemon peel or capillaira
added. It is also sometimes made of gruel and
beer, with sugar and nutmeg.
CAUL, from (L.) caula, *a fold,' Pilae, PiU'^
olue, Ga'Ua, Vitta, (F.) Cotfe, Co\ffe — {Etre ni
eoeffi — 'to be bom with a caul.') The English
name for the omentum. When a child is bom
with the membranes over the face, it is said to
have been ' bom witk a caul,* In the catalogue
of superstitions, this is one of the favourable
omens. The caul itself is supposed to confer
privileges upon the possessor; hence the mem-
branes are dried, and sometimes sold for a high
price. See Epiploon.
CAULE'DON, Cicye'don,tromKm,\et, 'astalk.'
A transverse fracture.
CAU'LIFLOWER, (G.) Kohl, 'cabbage,' and
Jlower [ ? ], Brassica Florida.
Cauliplowir ExcRBs'cBNca, EjcerescenUia
Sypkiiit'iea, (F.) Okoujleur. A syphilitic ex-
crescence, which appears about the origin of tha
mucous membranes, chiefly about the anus and
vulva, and which resembles, in appearance, tha
head of the cauliflower.
CAULIS, Penia— c. Florida, Brassica Florida.
CAULOPHYL'LUM THALICTROl'DBS,
Leon'tid tkalieiroVdee, Blueberry Cokoek, Cokoehp
Cokuek, Blueberry, Papooee Boot, Squaw Boot,
Blue Oitueng, YeUow Giueeng, a plant of the Fa*
wUly Berberidess; Sex. SyeL Hexandria Mono-
gynia, which grows all over the United States,
flowering in May and June. The infusion of the
root is much used by the Indians in various dis-
eases. To it are ascribed emmonagogue and dia*
phoretic virtues.
CAULOPLE'GIA, from cavXo;, 'the male or-
gan,' and tXvyv, 'a wound,' or 'stroke.' An in-
jury or paralysis of the mide organ.
CAULORRUAGIA, SUmatosis— c. Ejaculato-
ria, Spermato-eystidorrhagia — c StUlatitia, Ure-
throrrhagia.
CAULORRHCEA BENIGNA,6onorrh(Ba
pnra.
CAULUS, Penis.
CAUMA, Kavfta, 'a burnt part,' from «««, 'I
bum.' Great heat of the body or atmosphere.
Synocha, Empresma.
Cauma Bronchitis, Cynanche tracboalis — e.
Carditis, Carditis — c. Enteritis, Enteritis — a
Gastritis, Gastritis — c. Hssmorrhagicum, Hsemor-
rhagia aetiva — c. Hepatitis, Hepatitis — c. Oph*
thalmitis, Ophthalmia— c. Peritonitis, Peritonitis
— e. Phrenitis, Phrenitis — o. Pleuritis, Pleuritaa
— 0. Podagricum, Gout— o. Rhenmatismus, Rhea-
matism, acute.
CAUMATO'DES, Caumate'rue, from ca«a%
'flre-heat' Burning hot. Febrie eaumato'dee^
F, eaueo'dea. Inflammatory fever. Bynooha.
CAUNGA, Areoa.
CAUSA CONJUNCTA, Caaie,
Continensi Cause, proximate.
CAUSiB
181
CAUSTICUM
CAXTSiE ABDITM, CMues, predisponent or
remote — o. ActualeB, Cansefl, occMional— o. Pra-
incipientes, Caaftes, procatarctio — c Profe'game-
1190, Causes, predisponent.
CAUSE, Cau'»a, Ai'tia, Ai'tion, An act which
precedes another, and seems to he a necessary
condition for the occurrence of the latter. The
causes of disease are generally extremely ob-
scure; although they, sometimes, are evident
enough. The preditponent and occanonal causes
are the only two, on which any stress can be
laid; but as authors hare divided them differ-
ently, a short explanation is necessary.
Cause, Ac'cessort, (F.) Cause Aeceatoire,
One which has only a secondary influence in the
production of disease.
Causes, Accident' al, Common Caves, (F.)
Cauaet Aceidentelle*, are those which act only
in certain given conditions; and which do not
always produce the same disease. Cold, e. g.,
may be the accidental cause of pneumonia, rheu-
matism, Ac.
CAUSES CACh£eS, C. occult^-o. Common,
C. accidental — c. Exciting, C. Ocoasional^-c Es-
sentia^, C. Specific — c. DitermifMHtee, C. Specific
— c. Eloignif, C. Predisponent.
Causes, ExTSiur'AL, (F.) Oawee extemee, are
such as act externally to the individual ; as air,
cold, Ac
CAUSES FORMELLES, (F.) are such as
determine the form or kind of disease. They
differ from the Cautet matfriellea, which are
common to a set of diseases ; as, to the neuroses,
phlegmasisB, Ac,
Causes, Hidden, C. Occult
Causes, Intern'al, (F.) Cautet Internet, are
those which arise within the body ; — as mental
emotions, Ac.
Causes, Mechan'ical, (F.) CaMee mSeaniquee,
are those which act mechanically, as pressure
upon the windpipe in inducing suffocation.
Causes, Nrq'ative, (F.) Cokm nftfatirea, com-
prise all those things, the privation of which
may derange the functions ; — as abstinence too
long continued. They are opposed to potitive
eautet, which, of themselves, directly induce dis-
ease ; — as the use of indigestible food, spirituous
drinks, Ac.
Causes, Obscure, C. Occult
Causes, Occa'sional, Exei'ting Cavtet, Canea
actua'let, (F.) Cautee occationetlea, are those
which immediately produce disease. The occa-
sional causes have been divided into the cogniz-
able and non-cognixable, — C. J. B. Williams.
f
exoitino
Causes
OP
Disease.
I. Cognitahle AgenU,
1. MechanicaL
2. Chemical.
3. Ingesta.
4. Bodily exertion.
5. Mental emotion.
6. Excessive evacuation.
7. Suppressed or defective evacua-
tion.
8. Defective cleanliness, ventilation
and draining.
9. Temperature and changes.
II. Non-CogninahU AgenU,
1. Endemic. '\
2. Epidemic. > Poisons.
3. Infectious. J
Causes, Occult', Hidden eaH»e», Obncure cauaet,
(F.) CauMS occultet on caehiee on obtcvres. Any
amiueg with which ire are onaequainted ; al80|
certidn inappreciable characters of the
sphere, which give rise to epidemics.
Causes, Phts'ical, (F.) Cautet PhyHqmm^^
those which act by virtue of their physiw pi»-
perties ; as form, hardness, Ac All vialneniiif
bodies belong to this class.
Causes, PHT8f0L0o"iCAL, (F.) Cautet Phgth*
logiquet, those which act only on living maitar;
— narcotics, for example.
Causes, Prbdispo'nknt, Remote eaiuet, Cmmm
pro'<fgu'men<E, Causa ab'dita, CauuB re » u /tmt
(F.) Cnute* prfdi»ponantea, Cavsee iloigniea,r'
those which render the body liable to diseass.
They may be general, affecting a number of peo-
ple, or particular, affecting only one person.
Causes, Prin'cipal, (F.) Cau$ta priMe^palfS
— those which exert the chief influence on the
production of disease, as distinguished from the
aceeuortf cau»e».
Causes, Procatarc'tic, Cau»a procatare^H^tt,
CautiB praincipien'tee, from vpojcaropcrcce^ 'the
origin or beginning of a thing,' {KmrMfx^, 'Ib^
gin,' and «rpo, * before.') These words have beta
used with different significations. Some have
employed them synonymously with preditpomad
or remote eauaea; others with occaeional or crcdt
ing caueee,
CAUSE PROCHAINE, C. proximata.
Cause, Prox'imatk, Canaa prox'ima rd esii'*
tinen* vel conjune'ta, (F.) Cauee continente on'jptv*
ckaine, may be the disease itself SuperabondaMt
of blood, e. g:, is the proximate cause of plethenk
Causes, Remote, C. predisponent
Causes, Specip'ic, Batn'tial cavaee, Ae., (T.)
Cauact apicijiquea, C, eaaeniiellea, C. ditermimmnfmg
those which always produce a determinale dis-
ease ; special contagion, for example.
CAUSIS, Bum, Ebullition, Fermentatioii, I».
cendium, Ustion.
CAUSOMA, Inflammation.
CAUS'TIC, Caue'tieua, Cauterefieua, JDimwf'
ieua, Ero'dena, Adu'rena^ Urena, Pyroficut, fron
xaiw, ' I bum.' (F.) Canatiqwe. Bodies, whiek
have the property of causticity ; and which con-
sequently, bum or disorganise animal substances.
The word is also used substantively. The moat
active are called Eacharot'ica, Caustics are also
termed 'corrosives.'
Caustic Bearer, Porte-pierre.
CAUSTICA ADUSTIO, Cauterisation.
CAUSTICITY, Cauatir/Utaa, from icavwnwH,
'that which bums,' (ratw, <I bum.) The im]ves-
sion which caustic bodies make on the organ of
tast«; or, more commonly, the propertj which
distinguiyhes thoi^e bodies.
CAUSTICOPHORUM, Porte-pUrrt,
CAUSTICUM A?THIOP'ICUM, Unguem'imm
Melan'icum caua'ticum, A sort of paste, made bj
rubbing powdered aaffron with concentrated tvl.
phuric acidf recommended by Velpeau as a caus-
tic in coses of gangrenous and carcinomatous ul>
eers. The acid is the caustic: the saffron, ths
conFtituent merely.
CAUSTiruM Alkalinum. Potassa fnsa — c. Ame*
ricanuin, Vcratmm sabadilla— -c AnUmonialc^
Antimoninm rouriatum.
Causticum Commu'nR, Poten'tial Camtery, Com'
num Cauatic, Caute'rium potentia'li, I^pia afp''
ticua, Cau9^ti<um commn'ui mit'iua. This con-
sit>tB of quicklime and blaci: aoap, of each equal
parts.
Causttcux Cohmune, Potassa ftisa — c. Com-
mune aoerrimum, Potas^fa fusa — c. Commune fbr-
tius. Pntat>f<a cum calcc— c. Lunare, Argenti nitras
— c. Potentiale, Potassa fusa — o. Salinum, Po-
tassa fbpa— c. Yienncnse fusum FilhoSi soe Pow-
der, Vienna.
CAUSTIQUS
183
CAVERNOUS
CAaSTJQUS, Canstio.
CAUSTIQUS FILUOS, see Powder, Vienna.
CAUJSTIQUE DE VIENNE, Powder, Vi-
enna.
GAUSUS, fVom Kaim, <I bum.' A highly ar-
dent fever ; Dtvfren; Pinel regards it a« a com-
plication of bilious and Lnflammatory fever;
Broiusais, as an intense gastritis, accompanied
with bilious symptoms. See Synocba.
Causus, Endsxial, of thb West Indies,
Fever, Yellow — c Tropicus endemicus. Fever,
Yellow.
CAUTER, Cauterinm.
OAUTEEEj Canterinm, Fontienlui — c Inki-
T€ntt Inherent cautery.
CAUTERETICUS, Canstio.
CAUTERETS, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Cauterets is a bnurg seven leagues from Bar6ges
iHaute»-PyriHi€9,) France. The waters are by-
droBulphurous and thermal — temperature 123°F.
They are used in the same cases as the Bareges
water.
CAUTERIASMUS, Cauterisation.
CAUTE'RIUM, Cauterium aetua'U, Cauter,
CauUery, Inuato'riumf Eupto'rinmf JgnU aetua'litf
from Mitf, ' I bum.' (F.) CauUre, Feu aettteL A
substance, used for ' firing,' burning or disorga-
nizing the parts to which it is applied. Cauteries
were divided by the anoients into tu^ual and po-
UtuiaL The word is now restricted to the red-
hot iron; or to positive burning. It was, for-
merly, much used for preventing hemorrhage
from divided uteries; and also with the same
views as a blister. The term Poten'tial Oautery,
CauU'rium potentia'U, Iffni* ftoUntia'liM, {¥.)Feu
fotenHelf was generally appbed to the eawHeutn
epstsMMe, but it is now used synonymously with
caustic in general. CatUkrt also means an issue.
Cauterium Actuals, Canterinm.
CAUTERIZA'TION, CbiKerua'tio, Cau*«nas'-
mu»f Exu^tioy Inut'tw, Cau^tieaAdu*'tio, Firing.
The effect of a cautery. The French, amongst
whom eauterisation is much used, distinguished
fira kinds : 1. CavUritation Inhirente, which con-
sists in applying the actual eautery fireely, and
with a certain degree of force, so as to disorganize
deeply. 2. CauUrisation tranteurrente, which
consists in passing the edge of the Caviare evUel-
lair€, or the point of the Cautire eonique lightly,
9o UB not to <^sorganise deeply. 3. CautSrUation
par poinUtf which consists in applying on the
skin, here and there, the hot point of the conical
cautery, with suffidenl force to cautoize the
whole thickness of the skin. 4. Cauiirimtion
t€uU, slow eauteriMtUioH, by means of the moxa.
6. Cautiruatum objective, which consists in hold-
ing the cautery at some distance from the part
to be acted upon by it.
Cau'tbrizb; Oau»tteo adurtn; (F.) GSau-
tiruer. To apply the cautery. To bum with a
cautery.
CAOTERT, Canterinm— 0. Potentia], Cansti-
eum commune.
CAVA, Vulya.
Cata VsicA, Vena fupatVttt. The hollow or
deep-seated rein. (F.) Veine eave, A name
given to the two great veins of the body, which
meet at the right auricle of the heart. The vena
€a9a •vpe'rtor, ikorae^'ica vel deeeen'detUf is
formed by the union of the subclaTians ; and re-
oeires successively, before its termination at the
upper part of the right auricle, the inferior thy-
rotd, rigkt internal mammary , euperior diaphrag-
matie, anygoe, Ac. The vena cava in/e'rior, ab-
domina'lie vel aecen'dene^ arises from the union
of the two primary Uiaee, opposite the fourth or
fifth lumbar vertebra, receives the middle eaeral,
Immbar, right epermatie, hepatic, and inferior dia*
phragmatice, and oiiens at the posterior and in-
ferior part of the right auricle.
CAVATIO, Cavity.
CAVEA, Cavity — c. Narium, Nares.
CAVER'NA, Antmm. <Aeavem.' This term
has been used fur the female organs of generation.
See Cavity, and Vulva.
Cavekna Nariux, Nares.
CAVERNS DENTIUM, AlveoUdenUum— c
Frontis, Frontal Sinuses.
CA VERNEUX, Cavernous.
CAVERNOUS, Caoemo'ttue, (F.) Cavemetix.
Filled with small cavities or caverns, — as a
sponge.
Catebnous Bodies, Cor'pora (7at«r«io«'a of the
penis, Cor'pora nervo'ea, C, Ner'veo^epongio'ea
Pent*, (F.) Corpe Cavemeux, The corpus caver-
nosum is a kind of cylindrical sac, composed of
cells ; separated, through its whole extent, by a
vertical, incomplete septum, Septum ptctinifur' •
mif and forming nearly two-thirds of the penis.
The eorpue cavemoeunif on each side, arises from
the ascending portion of the ischium, and tenni«
nates obtusely behind the glans. The arteries
of the corpora cavernosa come from the internal
pudio. See Helicine Arteries. Nerves are found
on the surface of the outer membrane, but they
do not appear to penetrate the substance, and the
smooth muscular fibre has been traced into the
fibrous panetes of the cells, as in the case of all
erectile tissues.
J. Miiller's researches have led him to infer,
that both in man and the horse, the nerves of the
corpora cavernosa are made up of branches pro-
ceeding from the organic as well as the animal
system, whilst the nerves of animal life alone
provide the nerves of sensation of the penis.
Cavernous Bodies, Corpora Cavemoea of the
Clit'ori*f are two hollow crura, forming the clitoris.
Cavernous Boot op thb Vaoi'na, Uorpua Co*
vemo'eum Vagina, Plexue retiform'te, is a sub-
stance composed of blood-vessels and cells, simi-
lar to those of the penis and clitoris, which covers
the outer extremity of the vagina, on each side.
It serves to contract the entrance to the vagina
during coition.
Cavernous Qanguon, see Carotid or Carotio
Nerve.
Cavernous Rbspira'tion, (P.) When a cavity
exists in the lungs, and one or more ramifications
of the bronchia terminate in it, a loud tubal noise
is emitted, provided the cavity be not filled with
fluid, which is called cavemoua respiration. In
this condition, the cough is cavemove likewise,
(F.) Toux Cavemeuee. When the capacity of the
cavern is very great, the sound of the respiration
is like that produced by blowing into a decanter,
with the mouth at a little distance from the neck.
This kind of cavernous respiration has been called
amphoric, from amphora, 'a flask;' (F.) Reepi-
ration amphorique, SouJU an^horiqve, S. mital-
lique.
The Veiled Pnff, (F.) Sovjle voili, is a modi-
fication of the cavernous respiration, in which,
according to La^'nnec, '' a sort of movable veil
interposed between the excavation and the ear"
seems to be agitated to and fro. It is a sign
which is not attended to.
Cavbbnous Sinus, Sinye Cavemo'eue, Sinue
•polymor'phue sen Reeeptae'ulum, S. ephenoidalie,
Reeepta^ulum eella equi'ntt lat^eribue appot'itum,
(F.) Sinue cavemeux. The Cav'emoue Si'nueee
are venous cavities of the dura mater, filled with
a multitude of reddish, soft filaments, intersect-
ing each other; and, as it were, reticulated.
They commence behind the inner part of the
sphenoid fissure, pass backwards on the sides of
the fossa pituitaxiny and terminate by opening
OAYIALB
184
CELL
tnto a cayity, common to the snperior and Infe-
rior petrosal ifinuses. They receive some menin-
geal veins, the o)>hthalmic veins, Ac. The ante-
rior extremity of each cavernous sinus has been
named the ojththai'mic «i'ntui.
Cavernovs Texture or Tissue, (F.) Tia»u
eavcrncux. The sponj;y subi(tance which forms
the greater part of the penis and clitoris. It
seems to com^ist of a very complicated lace-work
of arteries and veins j and, probably, of nervous
filaments, with small fibrous plates, which form
by their de<*a88ation numerous cells communicat-
ing with each other. This spongy texture pro-
duces erection, by dilating and swelling on the
influx of blood ; and probably, also, by virtue of
some property inherent in it.
CAVIALK, Caviare.
CAVIARE', Caviar, Caviale, Kariac. A culi-
nary preparation, much used by certain people,
and' made on the shores of the Black and Caspian
Seas, from the roe of the sturgeon, mixed with
salt and other condiments.
CAVIC'ULA, CavU'la, from cavn; 'hollow.'
The ankle or sjiacc between the malleolL Some
have given this name to the os cunciforme. See
Astragalus.
CAVICULiE PEDIS NODUS, Tarsus.
CAVIIiLA, Astragalus, Cavicula.
CAVITAS ANTROSA AURIS, Tympanum—
c. Buccinata, Cochlea — c. Cochleata, Cochlea.
Cavitas Digitata Ventricuu Latkraus,
Comu posterius vontriculi lateralis.
Cav'itas Ellip'tica, Ampul'taf Sinu» ampul-
la'ceuM, A dUatation at one end of the semicir-
cular canals of the ear.
' Cavitas Huxbri Qlexoides, see Glenoid — e.
Narium, Nares — o. Oouli, Orbit^-c. Oris, Mouth
— c. PulpSB, see Tooth.
CAVITATBS CEREBRI, Ventricles of the
brain — c. Dune matris. Sinuses of the dura mater
— c. Innominatse, Auricles of the heart — o. Inter-
Bcapulares, see Interscapularis.
CA VTTEj Cavity— c. />entatre, Dental cavity—
e. deti Fpiploont, see Peritoneum — e. du Tympan,
Tympanum.
CAVITY, Cav'itag, Ontmm, Cn'lnteii, Cfrlon,
fa'rca, Cnver'naf Cava'tio, (F.) Caritf. Every
thing hollow, as the cranium, mouth, nasf^
fossae, Ac.
Cavities, Splaschxic, (P.) CavitiM 9planch'
niqne*, are those which contain the viscera.
They are three in number ; — the cranium, chest,
and abdomen. The cavities of bones, connected
with joints or otherwise, are described under
their particular denominations.
CAVUM, Cavity — c. Abdominis, see Abdomen.
Cavum Cra'xii, Venter Supre'mM. The cavity
formed by the proper bones of the cranium.
Cavum Dentis, see Tooth — c. Narium, Nares
— c. Oris. Mouth— c Tympani, Tympanum.
CAYAN, Phaseolus Creticus.
CAZABI. Jatropha manihot
CEAX0TU08, Cirsium arvense.
CEANOTIIUS AMERICAN US, Cela«tru«—o.
Trincrvis, Celastrns.
CEAR, Heart.
CEASMA, Fissure.
CKBI QALLFNA The Uver of the fowl,
bnised. — Castelli.
CEBIP'ARA. A large Brazilian tree,.whose
bitter and astringent bark is used in making anti-
rheumatic baths and fomentations
CECES. see Quercus alba.
Cy£ciTJl, Crocitas.
CEDAR. RED, Junipems Virginiana.
CEDE I A, Embalming.
CEBMAf Anearism, Variz.
CED'MATA, Kti/tarm, Rheumatic pains of A«
joints, especially of the hips, groin, or grottd
organs. A form of gout or rheumatism.
CEDRAT, Citrus medica.
CEDRELE'UM, from Kti^, 'the cedar/ «b4
cAaiov, ' oil.* The oil of cedar. — Pliny.
CE'DRIA, Ce'drinm, Ct'drinum, Cedri Ud^,
rymaf Alkitran, The oil or resfn which flovi
from the cedar of Lebanon. It was rapporcd t0
possess great virtues. — Hippocrates, FoSrioi^
Scribonius Largus, Dioecorides. It has beat
supposed to be the same as the pyroligneooi
acid* See Pinus Sylvestris.
CE'DRINUM VINUM, CWar ITfa*. Awlna
prepared by steeping half a pound of bmiMd
cedar berries in six French pints of iweet wSae.
It is diuretic and subastringent.
CEDRI'^TES, from Kc^pof, 'the cedar.' A vlM
prepared from the resin of cedar and sweet wiM.
It was formerlv employed as a vermifuge, 4«.
CEDRIUM,* Cedria.
CEDROMELA, see Citrus medica.
CEDRON, see Simaba cednm.
CEDRONELLA, Melissa— e. Triphylla, Bn.
cocephalum canaricnse.
CEDROS, Junipems lycia.
CEDROSTIS, Brvonla alba.
CEDRUS BACCIFERA, Juniperae labiaft—
c Mahogani, Sweetenia maJioganL
CEfNTUREf Cingulum, Herpes soster.
CEINTURE BLANCHE DE LA CBO-
ROlDEy Ciliary ligament
CEINTURE DARTREUSE, Herpes xoirtcp—
e. de Hildane, Cingulum Hildani — e. de V^f At*
geiitf Cingulum mercuriale.
CELANDINE, Impatiens — c. Common, ChtH*
donium majus— c. Lesser, Ranunculus flearia— e.
Poppy, Stvl^iphorum diphyllum.
CELAS'TRUS, Cefat'tu$, Ceano'thiu Ameri^
ea^nu» sen triner'rh, New Jeney Tea, Red RooL
Used by the American Indians, in the same man-
ner as lobelia, for the cure of syphilis. It !•
slightly bitter and somewhat astringent. A
strong infusion of the dried leaves and seeds luui
been reeommebded in aphthsB, and as a gargle in
scarlatina.
Celastrus Scaxdexs, Ofimhtng Stajftret. A
climbing American shrub, the bark or which Itf
said to possess emetic, diaphoretic, and narootio
properties.
CELATfON, (F.) Conci^lment, firom e^iar^g
'to conceal.' A word used by French medico-
legal writers for cases where there has been ooB-
cealment of pregnancy or delivery.
CELE, KiiXtj, 'a tumour, protrusion, ormptvatf
a very common suffix, as in hydrocele, bnbono«
cele, Ac. See Hernia,
CEL'ERY, (F.) Cfleri, The English name for
a variety of Apium graveoUnt.
Cklerv. Wild. Bubon galbanum.
CELETA, see Hernial.
CELIA, Cerevisia.
c/:LTAQUE, Ccrliac.
CELIS, iri7Aif, ' a spot^ a stain.' * A fnacula, or
spot on the skin.
CELL, Cello. A small cavity. The same sig-
nification as c«llule. Also, a vesicle composed
of a membranous effl-icalf, with, usually, liquid
contents. The whole organized body may be re-
garded as a congeries of cells having different
endowments, each set being concerned in special
acts, connected with absorption, nutrition, and
secretion, wherever an action of selection or ela*
boration has to be effected. These cells are gene-
rally termed priwary, elementary^ or prfmordiat^
When they give rise to other cells, they are, al
times, termed parent or Mother cell* j the retuU*
ing ccUft beinf^ termed daughter cells.
C1ELL-WAU
185
CBKIPI.AM
Cbll* ApopLBcnOy lee Apopleotio cell — e.
Bronchie, Cellule, bronchio — c Caleigerons, we
Tooth — c. Daaghter, lee Cell — e.. Blementary,
Me Cell.
Cbll, Epider'xio or Bpithb'ual. The oelU
or corpttBcles that corer the free membraaous sor-
Cftce* of the body, and whieh form the epidermie
and epiLhelittm, are termed ' tpidermie or eptthe-
lial ctU*.* They are developed from germs fur-
Aiebed by the aubjaeent membrane.
Cbll, EprrBBUAL, Cell, epidermie — c. Fat,
■ce Fatty vesicles — e. Qerm, Cytoblast — e. Ger-
minal, see CytobUtft — o. Nuoleated, see Cyto-
blasL
CtsLL LxPB. The life which is possessed by
the Beporate cells that form the tissaes, and by
which the nutrition of (he tissues is presumed to
be effected.
Ceul., Mother, see Cell — o. Parent, see CelL
CcLL, PioxBNT. Pigment cells are mingled
with the epidermic cells, and are most manifest
In the coloured races. They are best seen on the
inner surface of the choroid of the eye, where
thev form the pigmtiUum nigrum.
Cell, Primajut, see Cell — c. Primordial^ see
Ceil.
CELL WALL, see Cell.
CKLLA TURCICA, Bella Turcica.
CHLLULA, Cellule.
CELLULE, see Colon — e. Medullares, see
Hedullary membrane — c. Pulmonales, Cellules
bronchic, see Pulmo— c. BronchicsB, see Cellule.
CEL'LULAR, Cellula'rU, Cellulo'tut, (F.) CeL
lufaire. Composed of cells or cellules, from cella
or etllula^ * a cell.'
Cbl'lular Mem'braxe, Membra' na cellulo'ta,
jr. CtUuMria, — Jf. adipo'$a, M. pingtiedino'ta, of
some, Pannie'uluB adipo'ntf — Membrane formed
of cellular tissue, (F.) Membrane eelluiaire. Ge-
nerally used for the tissue itself.
^ Cbl'i.ular SrsTBM. The whole of the cellular
tissue of the human body.
CsLLrLAR Tissue, Tela eellula'rUf T. ceUu-
lo'eOf T. Hippo^ratU eribro'ea, Etkmvphi, reticu^
ta' ted, filamentous, laminciUd, erih' ri/ormf poront,
are'olar, and mueoua TiMue, Betie'ular or etUular
smbrtancet Context tn$ eellulo'nu, (F.) Tfteu eellu-
iatre, ritieuUp lamineux, eribleux, poreux, ario-
laire, muqueux, Ac, Is Uie most common of all
the organic tissues. It contains irregular areolm
between the fibres, as well as serum, fat, and the
•dtpons tissue. Of the fibres, some are of the
yellow elastic kind ; but the greater part axe of
the white fibrous tissue, and they frequently pre-
sent the form of broad flat bands, in which no
distinct fibrous arrangement is perceptible. See
Fibrous.
The cellular tissue or texture unites every part
of the body, determines its shape, and by its
elasticity and contractility, and by the fluid
whieh it contains in its ceUs, facilitates the mo-
tion of parts on each other.
Ceilular tissue has been divided by anatomists
into the external, general or common cellular
tissue — texiuM eelhUa'ria interme*diu9 seu laxw,
which does not penetrate the organs,— the oelhi-
Ur texture whieh forms the envelopes of organs
— leximt eellula*ri§ wtrietut, and that which pene-
trates into the oi^^s, aooompanying and enve-
loping all their parts, — the iextna ceUula'ri* •!«.
pa'tw, constituting tiie basis of all the organs.
It has likewise been termed Texiva mrgan'icua
lea par0nekyma'lit,
Cbllclab Tissub of Bokbs, see Ca&oelU.
CEL'LULE, Cel'lnia, diminntive of eeUa, <a
eavity.' A small oavity. <F.) CeUule. CeliuUa
are the small cavities between the laminsB of (he
MUolar (iisaCf ooipora carernos% Ae.
Cellules or Cells, Brokchic, CeVlula Bnmf*
ehiea seu Pulmona'Us, Port pulmo'num, Fern 0'-
ula pulmonales. The air-cells of the lungs. Sea
Pulmo.
CELLULES BROJfCHlQVES, Bronchial
cells.
CELLULITIS VENENATA, see Wound.
CEL'LULOSE, same etymon as Cellule*. The
substance which is left after the action upon any
kind of vegetable tissue of such solvents as are
fitted to dissolve out the matter deposited in its
cavities and interstices. It has been aArmedji
that the tunicated or ascidian mollusca have, In
their integuments, a considerable quantity of it«
CELLUL0SU8, Cellular.
CELOLOG^'IA, from n^Xif, 'rupture,' and ^vy^f
'a discourse.' The doctrine of hernia. A treatise
on hernia.
CELOSO'MtTS, from myXi?, 'a rupture,' and
o-w/ia, ' body.' A monster in which the trunk ii
malformed, and eventration or displacement of
the viscera exists.
CEL0TE8, see Hernial.
CELOTOM'IA, Kelot<m*\a, Celofomy, from
xifXiy, ' a rupture,' and rc/ivnv, * to cut.' An dpe«
ration, formerly employed for the radical cure of
inguinal hernia; which consisted, principally, in
passing a ligature round the hernial sac and sper*
matio vessels. It necessarily occasioned atrophy
and loss of the testicle ; and did not secure the
patient against the return of the disease. The
intestines were, of course, not included in the
ligature. Also', the operation for hernia in gene-
ral.— /Tf^mto^owy.
CELOT'OMUS, same etymon. BemiofomM,
A knife used in the operation for hernia. A<iUeo-
tively, it means relating to eelotomy, like Ce2o-
tom'iens,
CBLSA. A term, used by Paracelsus for a
eutaneous disease, dependent, according to him,
on a fidse or heterogeneous spirit or vapour, con-
cealed under (he integuments, and endeavouring
to escape. Perhaps Uie disease was Urtieari<u
CBLSUS, METHOD OF, see Lithotomy.
CELTIS OCCIDENTA'LIS, Sugarbenj,
Haekberry, Order, Ulmaoess : indigenous, flower-
ing in May. The bark is said to be anodyne and
cooling; the berries are sweet and astringent. It
has been used in dysentery.
CEMBRO NUTS, see Finns cembra.
CEMEKT. A glutinous substance inb'oduced
into a carious too& to prevent the access of air
or other extraneous matters. The following ia
an example: (R. Sandarae. ^\j; Maatieh, 3!;
Sneein, Br. x. JEtker. ZJ ; Dissolve with the aid
of heat.) Outermaiere Cement for the teeth is
prepared of finely powdered cotMfie lime, thirteen
parts ; anhydrous phoephorie acid, twelve parts*
When introduced into a carious tooth, it beoomef
solid in about two minutes.
CEMENTERIUM, Cmeible.
CEMBNTUM, see Tooth.
CBNANGIA, Ceneangia.
GENCHRON, Panioum miliaoeum.
CENDr£, Cineritioas.
OENDRE DU LEVANT, Soda.
CENDRES 0RAv£l£e8, see Potash— eu
de Sarment, see Potash.
CENEANGrA, Oananffi'a, from anvof, 'empty,
and ayyuop, ' a vesseL' Inanition. Empty state
of vessels. — Galen.
CENEMBATE'SIS, from ccve;, 'empty,' and
c^/?aiyw, 'I enter.' Paracentesis. Also, the act
of probing a wound or oavity ; Melo'*i$,
CENE0NE8, Flanks.
CENIGDAM, Ceniplam.
CBNIGOTAM, Ceniplam.
CENIPLAM, Csnigdam, Cnnyotam, Ctm{f9*
Jki
CENIPOTAM 186 CENTBUM
lawL TLe name of an instrument anciently oted CENTRAL, Centra'lU, from ctnt n twt, '&•
fur opening the head in epilepsy. — Paracelsus. centre.' Relating or appertaining to the centra.
CENIPOTAM, Cenipbun. Central Ab'tbby of thb Rkt'iva, ArWrim
CE NO'S IS, from «»oj, 'empty.' /ne'm, Centra'lii Rteimr, Central Artery of Zraa.
iHethniut, Eraenation. It is sometimes em- This artery is giyen off from the arteria oph-
ployed synonymously with inanition, and op- thalmioa, and penetrates the optic nerve a litUa
po8cd to repletion, — Exinanif'io, behind the ball of the eye; mnninif in th9
CENOT'ICA, from xcvwo-is, 'evacuation.' Dis- axis of the nerve, and spreading out into many
eases affecting the fluids. Morbid discharges or small branches upon the inside of the retina.
excess, deficiency or irregularity of such as are When the nerve is cut across near the eye, tha
natural. The first order, class Oenttiea, of Good; orifice of the divided artery is observable. Iliii
also. Drastics. was formerly called Ponu Oj/tieut.
CENTAU'REA BEKElif, Serrafuia U}^^ Central Aspect. An aspect towards tba
Bthen abmd, Behen album. Been, White Behen. ^^^^ ^f an organ.— Barclay. Centrad is naed
Ord. Gentianca. Astringent by t^e game writer adverbiaUy, to signify 'te-
Centau'iiea Benedic'ta, Car'dHtu benedtc'tuM, ^^^g ^^^ central aspect'
Cnicu. V/*^-*'''-*'. C^^ ^rT^fu'Ti ^""rt^: CENTRE OF ACTION. The viscus in which
anum. lifesaed or Jjoly JThtstle, (If.) harden x.^ui 4 *r rL ^' •
Unit Fam, CynaroceJhalesB. sL SyH. Syn- ^'^J ^ ,^ * f^t^ P*'' *>f ^^ ^°*^tion is exr.
»«*.<..:» D«i„«,l,:. #u.r»«.«^« A .**»««. /1-™ cuted, and to which several other organs oontii-
genesia Polygamui frustranea. A strong decoc ^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^ . ^ ^^ ^
tion of the herb is emetic: — a strong infusion, r *' / • *i: « u j _««'«'»«■»*' *^ w,uvuj
diaphoretic (?); alight infusion, tonic and sto^ T^^^aZa^ T"^ ' ^v^ chymifioaU^;
machic. dL\ gr. xv to 3J of the powder. ^^^±1 duodenum, dunng chyliflcation. In Ifte
CENTAU'REA Calcitra'?!, CalcitZ'pa, CaUa- ?*°°«'' the uterus becomes a centre of action
trep'pola,CaHduue9ohtitia'lU,Carduu»$tella'tiu, <»»"«« fir«B»"on- . _ ,. ,
Jii'cM ramatWfima, Cacotrib'ulue, Calcitrap'pa Centre, Epioas'tric. The ganglions and ner^
ettUa'ta seu hippoph<Betum, Stella 'ta rupi'ua, vous plexuses, formed by the great sympathetio
Ccntau'rca eteUa'ta, Oomnum Star-Thietle, Star- *»<» pneumogastnc nerves, m the epigastrium.
Knapweed, (F.) Centaurie itoiUe, Chardon etoOi, around the coeliac artery ; whore the impressions
Chaiuaetrappe, PiyneroU. It is possessed of j^oei^cd from various parts of the body seem to
tonic properties, and has been given in inter- be centred. _ , _, , , .
mittents, dyspepsia, Ac It is not much used. ^ Centre op Plux'ion. The part towards which
Ckstau'rba Centau'rium, Hhapon'ticum vuU ^^^^^ »'« particularly attracted. An irritated
ga'ri, Centaurium mngnutn, (kntaurium majve, ^^Kf^ " said to be a centre of fluxion.
Greater Cen'taury, Centaurium officina'U, (F.) Centres, Nervous, (F.) C?cnrre««erreirx. Tho
Centaurfe grande. It is a bitter ; and was for- orgwis, whence the nerves originate; as the hraia
meriy used as a tonic, especially the root *"« »P*°" marrow.
Centau'rea Cy'anus, Cy'anu; Blue bottle, Centre, Optic, see Optic centre.
Corn-Jioicer, (F.) Blavelle, Blav4ole, BlaviroUe. Centre, Oval, Centrum Ova'li, C. 0. Yieut^^
The flowers were once much used as a cordial, »***» Tegumen'tum ventriculo'rum eer'ebri. When
tonic, Ac. They are now forgotten. ^*»® ^^^ hemispheres of the brain are sliced away.
Cent a UREA Stellata, Centaurea calcitrapa. ^" ^^ » '«'^«* ^'^^^ *^« corpus callo*um, the nae-
CENTAUREE ^TOIL^E, Centaurea calci- ^"W P*T* ^ ^^.^ ".^^^ ^° ^J*^ i*>»I»«^ ^f°.«
trapi^. Grande, Centaurea centaurium-c. Pe- J^"^.^ centrum ovaU mtnu», (F.) centre medulla^
tite\ Chironia centaurium. r^* .1, t-*^"! *'*"*'^' ""^ n*"* ^^'^P?"'**
nr<v'P4TTi>r>TTM r.i • • * • "°®*» together With the corpus callosum, form
CENTAUREUM, Chironia centaurium. the centrum otaU of Vieus'eene, Vieussens sup-
CENTAURIS, Chironia centaurium. poned all the medullary fibres to issue fi^m that
CENTAURIUM MAQNUM, Centaurea cen- point, and that it was the great dieptMatory of
taurium — c. Minus vulgare, Chironia centaurium the animal tpirite,
— c. Ofiicinale, Centaurea centaurium — c Par- Centre, Phrenic, Ten'dinou9 Centre of th€
vum. Chironia centaurium. Di'aphragm, Centrum Phren'icum, C. Aer'veMa
CENTAURY, AMERICAN, Chironia angu- or (7. Tendino'tum seu tendin'eum, (F.) Gentry
laris — c. Greater, Centaurea centaurium — 0. Les- phrinique ou C tendineux du Biaphraame, Tho
ser, Chironia centaurium. central aponeurosis or cordiform tendon of tho
CENTESIS, Paracentesis, Puncture. diaphragm.
CENTIGRAMME, (F.) from centum, 'a hun- ^ Cenjrb op Stmpathbt'ic Irradia'tions, (F.)
dred,' and yoa^fa, 'gramme,' Centigram'ma, Centre dxrradtatxoM 9ympathiquet, Any organ
The hundredth part of a gramme. A oenti- ^^^^^ excites, sympatheUcally, the action of
gramme is equal to about the fifth part of a <**>«' ^l^^J^^! ^^^^ "^^ ^?» distant from it; and
French grain, gr. .1643, Troy. ^^^ which it seems to have no immediate com-
CENTIUTRE, CentilVtra, from centum, 'a munication.-Marjolin.
hundred,' and Xirpa, 'Utre.' An ancient Greek Centre, Tendinous, op the DLiPHEJioii^
measure for liquids: — the hundredth part of a Centre, phrenic,
litre— equal to nearly 2.7063 fluidrachms. CENTROMYRINE, Ruscus.
CENTIMETRE, Centim'eter ; the hundredth CENTRUM, see Vertebrss— c. Commune, So-
part of a metre — equal to about four lines. Iat plexus—^ Nerveum, Centre, phrenic— c. Op-
.3937 English inch. ticum. Optic centre — c. Ovale, Centre, oval — 0.
CEXTIMORBIA, Lysimachia nummularia. Ovale minus, see Centre, oval— c Ovale of Viens-
CE NTINER VIA, Plan tago. sens. Centre, oval — c. Semicirculare geminumy
CAW r/A^O^^, Polygonum aviculare. Taenia semicircularis — c. Tendinosum, Centre,
CEN'TINODIA, Polygonum aviculare. phrenic
CENTO VIRGINALIS, Hymen. Centrum Vita'lS, Nodue seu Font rita'h\
CENTRAD, see Central aspect (F.) Naud vital. A term applied, at times, to
CENTRADIAPH'ANES, Catarao'ta centra'- the medulla oblongata : at others, to the medulU
li», from KcvTfov, ' centre,' a, privative, and ita- oblongata, and the medulla spinalis as far as th9
favtii, * transparent' Cataract owing to obscurity second cervical nerve of the spinal marrow, la
of the central portion of the crystalline. any port of which a wound would aeem to bo hi*
CSKTE7
isr
CEPHAIiO-PHASTNa^US
•tA&tij fktal. It 11 the nerroiM centre of respi-
ntion and deglutition.
CBNTRY, Chironia mngnlaris.
CENTUM CAPITA, Erynf^nm eampestre.
CBNTUMNODIA, Polygonttm aTioulare.
CEPA ASCALONICA, Bolbiu esonlentas,
Behalotte — c Victorialu, Allinm Tietoriale — o.
Vnlrari?, Allium oepa.
CEP A A, Veroniea beecalmnga.
CEPHAELIS IPECACUANHA, Ipeeaenaaha.
CEPHAL^'A, Meadach, (F.) OSpkalie, from
KtfmX^, * head.' Some lue the term iiynonymoasly
with eephalal^; othen, for a periodical head-
WJfAk ; others, again, for a more violent headach
than oephalalgia impliea; and others for a chronic
headach. The last was its ancient signifioation.
(^pkaUt'a Mpamnod'ieaf C^hfUal*gia tptumod'-
iea, C, Nav9eo'9af Sick-heatuzckf is characterized
hj partial, spasmodic pain; often shifting from
one part of the head to another: chiefly com-
mencing in the morning, with sickness and fiunt-
ness. It is ezivmely apt to recor, notwithstand-
ing every care.
Cepbal^a AnTHRincA, Cephalagra — a He-
miemniay Hemiorania — c. Nanseosa, C. Spas-
modiea — e. Pulsatilis, Crotaphe.
CEPHALiBMATO'MA, from K$^a\n, 'head,'
and *aifta, 'blood;' CepkaUBinato'fMi neoruUo'runif
MeekyiHo'ina eapHtU, E, eapiti* reeetu nato'ruMf
Tkrombiu neonato'rumf Abtee^tut eap'itit tan-
fuin'tut neonatorum, Tumor tap'itU §anguin*eu9
meonato'mm, Oephalophj/'ma, Craniohamaton'cut,
A sanguineoos tnmoor, sometimes developed be-
tween the pericranium and the bones of the head
of new-born children. Similar tumours are met
with occasionally above other bones, and at all
periods of existence.
CiPBALJUfATOXA Nbovatobtjm, CcphalsBma-
toma.
CEPHAL^'MIA, ffypera'min eer'ebri, H.
Cap'ittMf £neephalohi^mia, (F.) Hyperimit ou
Oongttiion du etrveaUf Enciphalohimie, H. ciri-
"braUj Congestion drihrale. Accumulation of
blood in the vessels of the brain.
CEPHALAOO'GUS, Cephalodue'tor, Capiti-
due'tor, from xc^aXij, 'head,' and ay«»yof, 'a
leader, a driver.' An instroment used for draw-
ing down the foetal head.
CEPH'ALAORA, from csf oAif, 'the head,' and
^yf«t, 'seisure.' Oephalm'a arthrit*iea, Mtnin-
ff%*ti« artkrit'ica, wut in the head.
CEPHALAGRA'PHIA, from ccfaXir, 'the
head,' and ypa^nt '& description.' An anatomical
description of the head.
CEPHALAL'GIA, OepktUopo'nta, Cephalo-
djf'ia, Eneeph(Uodyn*ia, Homonopa'gia, {rom
Kt^Xift 'the head,' and aXyot, 'pain;' Encepha"
loTgia, Dolor Cap'tHa, D. eeplunVieut, Soda, Fain
in (A« head; Headach, (F.) Ce'phalalgie, Mai d
tite. Every kind of headach, whether symp-
tomatic or idiopathic, is a cephalalgia. It is
ordinarily symptomatic, and has to be treated
seoordingly.
Cbpbalaloia Comtaoioba, Influensa — o. In-
flammatoria, Phrenltis.
Cbpbalaloia Pbrxod'ica, Febrit iniermit'tene
tepkaPiea lartfa'ta, Iniermitient headaeh, Head-
aco which returns periodically; properly, per-
haps, a form of neuralgia.
CsPBALALaiA PuLSATiLXS, Grotaphc— c Spas-
nodica, see Cephalsea.
CEPHALALOG^IA, from cc^oAv, 'the head,'
and >ay0f , ' a diseourse.' An anatomical disser-
tation on the head.
CiPHALANTHE I/Am£jRIQUE, Cepha-
lanthus occidentiUis.
CEPHALAN'THUS OCCIDENTA'LIS, BuU
iDMPood 9hrub, BuUonbmh, Whit0 BaU, Little
Shkowbatt, Swampwood, Pond Dogwood, Oiobe*
Jhfwer, (F.) C^halanthe d*Am4rique, Bote do
Maraie, Aa ornamental shrub, Nat, Ord. Ku-
biacess; Sex, Sget Tetrandria Monogynia, which
grows all over the United States, near streams
and ponds, and flowers in July and August.
The hark of the root has been used as an anti«
periodic tonic.
CEPHALARTICA, Cephalic remedies.
CEPHALATOM'IA, Cephalotom'ta, from
MfaXv, 'the head,' and n/nfuv, 'to cut.' Ana-
tomy, or dissection, or opening of the head.
CEPHALE, Head.
CEPHALIC, Cepkal*ieu9, Oapita'lit, from
Kt^aXn, 'the head.' (F.) Ciphtdique, Relating
to the head.
Cbpbal'io Rbh'edibb, CephaViea vel Capita'^
lia remedUa, are remedies capable of relieving
affections of the head, espeouklly headach: —
Cephalar'tiea.
Cbpbal'jo VBnr, Vena CephaViea, Vena Cap*^
itie, (F.) Veine eiphtUique, Veine radiate eutattie
of Chanssier. Toe great superficial vein at the
outer part of the arm and fore-arm. It begins
on the back of the hand, by a number of radicles,
which unite into a single trunk, called the Ceph-
alic of the Thu*tb, CephaViea PoVlieie, (F.) Veine
eiphalique du pouce. It ascends along the ante-
rior and outer part of the fore-arm, where it forms
the euperjieial radiaL At the fold of the elbow
it receives the median cephalic, ascends along the
outer edge of the biceps, and opens into the axil-
buy vein. The name Cephalic was given to it by
the ancients, because they thought it had some
connexion with the head, and that blood-letting
ought to be performed on it, in head afi'ections.
Chanssier calls the internal Jugular, Veine e^.
phalique, and the primary or common carotid,
Arth-e eiphalique,
CEPHALIDIUM, see Caput.
CEPHALrNE. The base or root of the tongue.
— Gorneus.
CBPHALIS, see Caput
CEPHALITIS, Phrenitis.
CEPHALIUM, see Caput.
CEPHALODUCTOR, Cephalagogns.
CEPHALODYM'IA, Eneephalodym'ia ; from
n^Xir, ' head,' and jvw, ' I enter into.' A class
of double monstrosities, in which the heads are
united. It is divided into two genera, Fronto^
dym'ia and Bregmatodym'ia ; in the former the
union being between the ossa frontis ; in the lat-
ter between the bregmata. — Cruveilbier.
CEPHALOBYNIA, Cephalalgia.
CEPHALCBDEMA, HydrocepbaluB.
CEPHALOID, Enoephaloid.
CEPHALOMA, Enoephaloid.
CEPHALO-MENINGITIS, Meningo-cepha.
litis.
CEPHALOM'ETER, fVom n^aXn, 'the head,'
and jicrpoy, ' measure.' An instrument for mea-
suring the different dimensions of the foetal head,
during the process of accouchement A kind of
forceps.
CEPHALON'OSUS» from icc^<i>i|, 'the head,'
and voffo(, ' disease.' This term has been applied
to the Fehrie Hungar'iea, in which the head was
much itfected. See Fever, Hungaric. Others
have so called any eere'bral disease or fever.
CEPHALOPAGES, Symphyocephalus.
CEPH'ALO-PHARYNGiB'US, from «c^aA9»
' the head,' and ^apvyf, ' the pharynx :' belonging
to the head and pharynx. Winslow has given
ttiis name to the portion of the conetrietor pKa^
ryngie euperior, which is attached, above, to tha
inferior surface of the basilary process of tha ••
occipiUs. The Cepk'alo-pharynge'al Apomemrf'^
CEPnALOPHTMA
188
CERATinS
#•« ti ft tbin, flbrons membrane, wbicb Ir attmcbed
to tbe battilary procesn, and gives insertion to the
fibres of the eon$trictor anperior pkaryngia,
CEPHALOPHYMA, Cepbalaematoma.
CKPHALOPONIA, Cephalalgia.
CEPHALO RACIIIDIAN, Cephalo-spinal.
CEPHALOSOMATODYM'IA, £nctpkalo9o-
matodifm'ia ; from irc^aAi;, 'bead/ •w^o, 'bodj/
and ivutt * I enter into.' A doable monstrosity,
in wbicb tbe union is between the beads and the
trunks. Of thiA there are varieties : — for exam-
ple, bifrn-marilUftermodjfnifia, where the union
is with the inferior maxillary bones and sterna;
and Pro9aptuiternodym'\af between the fkces and
stern a. — C ru veil b ier.
CEPHALO-SPINAL, Cepha1(i-^ina'U», Ckpk'-
altt-rnekid'tanfCer'^nHtpiHal, Craniospinal. A
hybrid term, fVom xe^aXiy, 'head/ and tpina,
'spine.' Belonging to tbe head and spine.
Ckpa'alo-spixal FLnn, Cephalo-rachid'ian
JIuidt Cerrhro-tpinal fluids Flu'idvm cer'ebro-
tmina'li, SnbanichHoidean fluid, is an exhaled
fluid, wbicb is found beneatb tbe arachnoid,
wherever pia mater exists in connexion with the
brain and spinal cord. It seems to have a pro-
tecting office, and to keep up a certain degree of
pressure on tbe organ, — at least in tbe spinal
eanal.
CEPHALOTHORACOSTERU'MENUS, from
Kt^aXii, * head/ 0u»/iaf, * the chest,' and ertpuv, * to
rob.' A monster without head or chest.
CEPIIALOTOMIA, Eccephalosis.
C£PHA L TlilDEy ( F. ) An instrument in-
vented by Baudelocque, the nephew, for crushing
the bead of tbe foetus in utero ; from icc^aX^, ' the
head,' and rpi/Ju, 'I bruise.' It consists of a
strong forceps, the blades of which are solid : 16
lines broad, and 3 thick. The handles are per-
forated at their extremity to receive a screw with
three threads, tbe direction of which is very ob-
lique, so as to allow great rapidity of rotation,
and the screw is moved by a winch 6 inches long,
to increase the force of tbe pressure. The bones
cf the head are easily crushed bv it.
CEPHALOTRIP'SY, CephaUtnytU ; same
etymon as Cephafotribe, Tbe operauon of crush-
ing tbe bead of tbe foetus in utero.
CEPHALOTRYPKSIS, Trepanning.
CEPHALOXIA, Torticollis.
CEPULLA, Allium eepa.
CER, Heart.
CERA FLAVA et CERA ALBA, Ctr^ty YeU
low and White WaXf (F.) Cire Janne et Blanche,
An animal substance prepared by tbe bee, and
by some plants, as the Cerox'jflon and Myri'ea
eerifera. Its colour is yellow, and smell like
that of honey, but both are lost by bleaching.
It is demulcent and emollient ; is sometimes given
in the form of emulsion, in diarrhoea and dysen-
tery, but is chiefly used in cerates and ointments.
CERiE'^, from «paf, 'a bom/ npaiai. The
Oornna of the uterus. — Rufbs of Ephesus.
CERAMICS, Cerami*ti», fh>m «c/)(ifief, 'pot-
tor's enrth/ A sort of earth used as a cataplasm
in peripncumony. — Ilippocrates.
CERAMIUM, Amphora — o. Helminthoehor-
tns, CoralUna Corsicana.
CERAMNIUM, Amphora.
CRRAMrRTA. see Urine.
CERANTUEMU6. Propolis.
CERAS, Kfpaff 'genitive,' Kifm, 'bom/ Cor-
««/ also, tbe Cornea. Hence, Ceratedomia,
CemUtee/e, Ac
CERABION, see Pmnns cerasns.
CERAS'MA, from ircpavnt^i, 'to mix:' soma-
thwg mixed. A mixture of hot and cold water.
Jfelaeera^ma. — Gorrasus.
CEBASUM, see PrunuB oerMai.
CERA8US ACID A, Prtinns ctrasni — e. AH*
nm, Prunus avinum, P. nigrar—c Duleis, PnuiM
nigra — c. Hortensis, Pranna eerasns — e. Lamro-
cerasns, Pmnus laurocerasna — c Padus, Pmiras
padus — 0. Racemosns sylvestris, Pmnni padvf
— c Rubra^ Pmnns cerasns— c 8erotina, Pniniu
Yhrginiana — o. Virginianfty Prunus Virginiana—
c Vulgaris, Pmnus cerasns.
c£rAT BLANC on DE GALFEK, Ceratm
Galeni — e. eJe Blanc de Baleine, Ceratnm cetaeel
— e. de Goulard, Ceratum pinmbi — e. pour let
LlvreM, Cerate for the lips — c de Plomb compo^if
Ceratnm plumbi oompositnm — e. de Savon, Ce-
ratnm Saponis— c. de Suratftate de piomh, Cetm*
tnm plumbi superacetatif.
CE'RATE, Cera'tum, from laipmt, Lat term,
*wtLX,* Cerela'um, Cero'ma, Cero'nium, Cero^tmau
Ceratumalag'ma, (F.) Cirat. A compositimi of
wax, oil, or lard, without other ingre<Uenta.
Cerate, Simple Cermte, Cera'tum, Cera'Him
•implex. (F.) CSrat Simple, ( White wtx, ^ir.
Lard, Jviij.) It ia appued as an emollient to
excoriations, Ac
Cerate, Bbllktille's, see Uagnentum Hy*
drargyri nitrico-oxydL
Cerate op CAL'AMiini, CeraUum CalawtCnm,
C. Calamin, prapar,, C, Oarbona'tie rtnet tM»
pu'ri, C. Zinci Carbona'tie, Cera'tum lap'idia Cb*
lamina'rie, Cera'tum epulo^ieum, Cerate of Carm,
bonate of Zinc, Tumefe Cerate, Healing Sairtf
(F.) Cirat de Pierre Calaminaire, C. de CalamiuOf
Calamin., Cerm flav<B, E& Ji^, adipie, tbj. If dl
the wax and lard together, and, on cooling, add
the carbonate of sine and stir till cool.— Ph. U. 8.)
Cerate op Caiithar'ii)ES, Cera'tum Canihmr'-
idie, Blieter Ointment, Ointment of Spanieh FUet^
Unguen'tum ad veeicato'ria, Ungmen'tum PuFperit
Metoie veeicato'rii, Ung. epiejHu^tieum for'tivtp
Cera'tum Lytta, (F.) Cirat de Cantharidm,
(Spermaceti cerate ^y], Cantharidee in powder^
3J> The cerate being softened by heat, stir ill
the flics.) This cerate of the European Pharma*
copoeias is used to keep blisters, issues, Ac, open.
See Unguentum Lyttss. For the Cerate of Spa*
nish flies of tbe U. 8. Pharmacopoeia, ace Em-
plastmm Lyttse.
Cerate, Goulard's, Ceratum Pinmbi compo«
situm.
Ceratk, KiRKLAVD'a Kevtral. {DiackyU
3vi\j, olive oil ^iv, prepared chcJk ^iv : whea
nearly cool, add Aeet. deet. ^ir, plumb, euperaeei,
3iij<) A cooling emollient
Cerate or Poma'ttm por the Lips, Cera'imm
labia'li rubrum. Pomma'tum ad labia dewtulcen*-
da. — Ph. P. (F.) Cirat on Pommade pour U»
lioree, (Wax 9 parts; oil 16 parts; — eolomr^d
with alkanet.)
Cerate, Lead, Compound, Ceratnm plaabl
oompositum.
Cerate, Marshall's. (Palm oil 3vi. calomel
3^j, evgar of lead ^ss, ointment of nitrate ofuMT"
Cerate, Restn, Covponn), Ceratnm Reaixisi
oompositnm — 0. Savine, Ceratnm sabinss — o.
Soap, Ceratnm saponis — e. Spermaceti, Ceratnm
cetacei — c. of Snperacetate or sugar of lead, Ce-
ratum plumbi snperacetatis — e. Turner's, Cerate
of calamine — c of Carbonate of sine. Cerate of
calamine.
CERATECTOM'IA, firom Krpat, 'the cornea,'
and eKrojtoi, ' cut out' An incision through this
cornea. See Ceratotomia.
CERATIA, Ceratoninm siliqua.
CE R ATP ASIS, from rcpaf, 'bora/ A moiUd
condition characterized by corneous growths.
CERATION, Siliqua.
CERATPTIS, KeratVtie, from iccpaf, 'tbe eor-
nesi' and if it, ' inflammation/ Inflammation «f
OBSATIUX
189
CBBATUM
CERATIUM, G«rmtoiiiiiiii siliqva.
CER'ATO, in oompocition, in Uie nunes of
■iiiBoles, is uMd for tho oomua of the oa hyoides ;
*^a Cerato-glossnt.
CBRATOCE'Lfi, Aqu^da, Uwa'tio, Pnmintnf^
tia Oi-tr'ne^f Hernia Cor^nMi, CetxUodeoee'U, from
tuifmf, * horn/ and nfA«» ' tomour.' A protrusion
ot the transparent eomeay or rather of the mem-
brane of the aqueous humour through an opening
In the cornea.
CERATODBITIS, Ceratitii.
CERATODEOCBLB, Ceratocele.
CBRATODEONYXIS, Ceratonjzit.
CBRATODES MEMBRANA, Cornea.
CERATOOLOS'SUS, Keratoglot'mUf from ««-
fof, * horn/ and ykmvva, * the tongue.' A musole,
extending from the great eomu of the os hyoides
to the base of the tongue. It ii a part of the
fayoglossns.
CBRATOIBBS, Cornea.
CBRATOLEUCOMA, Leaeoma.
CSRATO'MA, (krato'ait, from «fcc, 'horn.'
A homy growth, or horny formation.
CERATO.MALAQMA, Cerate.
CERATO-MENINGITIS, Ceratitis.
CBRATO-MENINX, Cornea.
CERATO'NIA SIL'IQUA. The Carob Tree,
CeraUimnkf Cera'tia, SWiqMa duieie, Caro'ba At-
mabaii, Swtetpod, (F.) Carombier {Frmt, Oa-
rv^ge,) This — ^the fruit of the CeraUmia eUiqua
— is mueilaginoQSy and employed in decoction,
where mucilages are indieated.
CBRATONYX'IS, KeraUmyx'U, Ceratodeo-
n^ie, from csfac, 'the eomea,' and wem*, 'I
puncture.' An operation by which the orystal-
une is depressed by means of a needle introduced
into the eye through the oomea. Some divide
the orystaUine into fragments with the needle,
and leave them to the action of the absorbents.
The operation is as old as the 17th century.
CBE'ATO-PHARyNGB'US, Ker'ato-Pharyn-
^'n», fr«m Kifat, * horn/ and fa^vyli, * the pha-
fynz.' The yreai and email der'ato-pkarjfnge'i
•re small fleshy bundles, forming part of the
BmiuirwMeue of Winslow.
CKRATOPLAS'TICB, from crf«(, 'the eor-
Bea,' and wXenriKety 'forming, formative.' The
operation for the formation of an artificial cornea.
It has not been practised on man.
CERATORRHBX'IS, Rnpin'ra emr»nem, from
cMa«. 'the eomeay' and fif^if, 'rupture/ Rupture
or the cornea.
CERATOSIS, Ceratoma.
CER'ATO-BTAPHTLrNUS, JTcr'ato-^top^.
WnWf from mt^if ' horn/ and vm^oX^, ' the uvu-
1^' Some fleshy fibres of the Tkyro-Staph^linue
of Winslow.
CBRATOTOM'IA, Oerateetim'ia, from Kspat,
'eomea,' and rcftvuv, 'to cut' Section of the
iraneparent eomeo. This incision is used In the
operation for cataract, to give exit to pus efiused
In the eye, in cas^ of hypopyon, Ae.
CERATOT'OMUS, Keratofamue, Kerat'omue,
from Ktfmt, 'oomea,' and nitpttp, 'to out' A
name given by Wensel to his kniie for dividing
the transparent cornea, in the operation for cata>
Taet Many modifications of the instrument have
been made ainoe Wenicl's time. Bee Knife,
eataraet
CSBATUM, Cerate--o. Album, Ceratum eeta-
eei, Ceratum Galeni — o. de Althaft, Ungnentom
4e Althmft — c Calamlnss, Cerate of CalanJne —
B. Cantharidis, Cerate of Cantharides, Emplas.
tnm Ljrttm — c de Ceroasi, Unguentnm plumbi
•abearbonatis.
Cb&a'tux CBTAfoix, Ctra*twm epermaceii, (k-
ra'twn athnm, C. CeH, Ungfiten*tum adipoeefrm
eeto'rumf tinimen^tvm album fEwploe'trwn Sperm'"
atie Ceiiy Spermaceti Cerate, (F.) Cirat de blan«
de baUine, {SpermaeHi Jj, tokite wax §iij, olive
oil f^vi. Ph. U. 8.) A good emollient to ul-
cers, Ac
Ckratum Cbti, Ceratum eetacei — c. Cicutse,
Ceratum conii — c. Citrinum, Ceratum reeinte.
CbbVtdm Com'i, Cera'tum Cieu'ta. {Una,
eonii Ibj, eetaeei ^ij, eera albes ^iij.) A formula
in Bartholomew's Hospital : occasionally applied
to cancerous, scrofulous sores, Ac.
Ckratum Epdloticum, Cerate of calamine.
Cbba'tvm Galb'hi, Cera' turn album, C.re/rig".
erane Gale'ni, Unguen'tum eera'tum, U. amygda"
li*num, U, eimpleXf Emplae'trum ad fontic'uloe,
(yieo-cera'tum aqud eubae'tuMf Cold Cream, (F.)
drat blane ou de QALiBir. ( White ttax 4 parts;
oil o/eweet edmonde 16'parts ; add, when melted,
water or roee-witer 12 parts. Ph. P.) A mild
application to chaps, Ac.
Cbratum Labialb Rvbrw, Cerate for tho
lips — 0. Lapidis calaminaris. Cerate of calamine
— c. Lithargyii aoetati oompositum, Ceratum
plumbi compositnm — c. LyttsB, Cerate of can-
tharides-HS. Mercuriale, Unguentum hydrargyri
— H). Picatum, Pisselssum.
Cbratux Plumbi Coxpos'rruM, Cera'tum Li»
tkar'ggri Aeeta'H Compot^itum, Goulard** Oint*
ment, Cera'tum enbaeeta'ti plumbi mediea'tum, C*
Plumbi Subaceta'tie (yh.Tf,&.), Cera'tum Satur'-
niy Compound Lead Cerate, Ooulard^e Cerate, f F.)
C4rat ae Ooulard, C, de Plomb eompoei, (tiq,
lunib, eubacet, Jiiss; eermfiavm, ^iv; ol, olivm
ix; eamphora, ^b§. Ph. if. S.) Its virtues are
iO same as the next
CxRATUM Plttmbi 6upbracbta'ti8, Unguen'-
tum Oerue'eeB Aeeta'ta, Cerate of Superaeetate or
Sugar of Lead, Cera'tum Plumbi Aeeta'tie, Un-
guentum Acetatid Plumbi, (F.) CSrat de euraeitate
de Ptbmb, {Acetate of lead, ^U ; *»hite wax, §y;
oUte oU, Ibss.) Cooling and astringent
Ceratum Rbfbiobrabb Galbbi, Ceratum Ga-
lenL
Cbratux JKbbi'vjb, C, Ren'nct ftara, C, cit'rt-
miei, Unguen'tum ba*iVieonHavum, Ung, Reei'nm
flatUB, Ung. Retino'eum, Xeein Cerate or Oint-
ment, Yellow Raeil'ieon, Banl'ieon Ointmentm
{Reein.fiav. gv; CenB /lav, JUj Adipie, 5vi^;
Ph. U. S.) A stimulating application to old ul-
cers, Ac Digestive.
Dr. Smbllovb's Ointment for the Eyee consists
of finely powdered verdigrie, ^§a, rubbed with
oil, and then mixed with as ounce of ceratum
reeinig.
Cbbatuv RBst'NJB CoxpoB'rruv, Compound
Reein Cerate, {Reein., Sevi, Cera Hava, Si.Ibj;
Terebinth. Ibss ; 01. lAni, Oss. Melt together,
strain through linen, and stir till cool. Ph. U.S.)
Cbratcm Sabi'bjs, {/tiar«en(«iii Sabina, Savine
Cerate, (F.) CSrat die Sabine, {Savine, in pow-
der, ^\j ; Reein Cerate, IbJ. Ph. U. 6.) Irrita-
tive, ' drawing.' Used in the same cases as Uie
cerate of cantharides.
Cbbatum Sapo'his, Soap Cerate, (F.) Cirat de
Savon, {Lig, Plumb, eubacetat,, 0\} ; Sapon. ^vj ;
Cera a/5<e,^x ; 01. olivm, Qj. Boil the solution
of subacetate of lead with the soap over a slow
fire, to the consistence of honey, then truisfer to
a water*bath, and evaporate until all the moisture
is dissipated; lastly, add the wax, previously
melted with the oil, and mix.— Ph. U. 8.) It it
applied in cases of sprains or fractures.
Cbratux Satubni, Ceratum Plumbi eomposi-
tum^H). Simplex, Cerate simple— o. Spermaceti^
Ceratum oetaoei — c Subacetati plumbi mediek
tum, Ceratum plumbi eompositum— -c Tetrapbaf*
maciun, Pisselanm.
CEBAUNIOK
loe
CBBEBBUM
Cbratum Zihci CARBOHAns, Ceraie of Car-
honate of Zinc (Zinei earbonat. praparat, 5U i
Ung. 9%MpL 3x. Pb. U. 8.) Used in the same
caseK as the Ceratum Calamin».
CERAU'NIOX, from Ktpmvvof, 'thunder/ 'a
thunderbolL' Lnpit futmin'euM, A kind of Btone,
which was believed to be formed during thnnder;
and to be poMOssed of the poww of inducing
sleep, and numerous other prophylactic rirtues.
It was rubbed on the knee, breast^ Ac, in swell-
ings of those parts.
CERBERUS TRICEPS, Pulris comachinL
CERCA'RIA. A genus of agastric, infusory
animalcules, one of the most curious of which
inhabits the tartar of the teeth. The spermatosoa
are presumed by some to belong to this genus.
CERCHNASMU8, Cerohnus.
CERCUNOMA, Cerchnus.
CERCIINUS, CerckMit'mua, Ctrcknum, Cerek-
no' may from Ktox^oa, ' I render hoarse.' A rough
Toice produced by hoarseness. See Rattle.
CER'CIS, Kcpctf. A sort of pestle for reducing
substances to powder. Also, Uie radius or small
bono of the arm. See Pilum, and Radius.
CEBCLE, Circulus— c. de la ChorOde, Ciliary
ligament — c. Ciliare, Ciliary ligament.
CERCO'SIS, from KMoof, <a taiL' Men'tula
mulie'bri; the Clit'orit, Some authors have em-
ployed the word synonymously with nymphoma-
nia and elongation of the clitoris; and with Po/y-
puM Uteri, the Sarco'ma Cerco'na of Sauvages.
Cercobis Clitoridis, Clitorism — c Externa,
Clitorism.
CEREA, Cerumen.
CEREA'LIA, from Ckres, 'goddess of com.'
(F.) Ciriale* (Plantet.) The cerealia are gra-
mineous plants, the seed of which serve for the
nourishment of man : — as wheats barley, rye, Ac
At times, the same term is applied to some of the
leguminous plants.
CEREBARIA, Carebaria.
CEREBEL'LA URPNA. Urine of a whitUh
appearance, of the colour of the brain or cerebel-
lum, from which Paracelsus thought he could
distinguish diseases of that organ.
CEREBELLPTIS, badly formed from eere-
heUunif and i<i«, denoting inflammation. Paren-
eephali'titf Inflamma'iio eerebtl'ii. Inflammation
oi the cerebellum: a variety of phrenitis or ence-
phalitis.
CEREBEL'LOUS, CerebeUo'tttd, from cerebeU
Iwnt 'the littie brain.' (F.) CiribeUeux, Chaus-
sier has given this epithet to the vessels of the
cerebellum. These are three in number; two
of which are iu/erior: the larger, inferior cere-
belli f which arises from the posterior cerebral or
vertebral; and the smaUer, whose existence is
not constat, from tiie meso-cephalic or basilary :
—the third, called A. ciribeUeuMe n^pirieurt («t»-
perior cerebellif) is also a branch of the basilary.
Cbrsbel'locs Ap'oplkxy, Apoplex'ia cere-
bello'aa : apoplexy of the cerebellum.
CEREBEL'LUM, diminutive of Cerebrum; C,
parvum^Appen'dix ad cer'ebrumfCer'ebrumposU''
WiMT, Encra'nionf Encra'nie, JEpenera'tiis, Paren-
cepk'alie, Parenceph'cUttt, EneephaVium, Encepk'-
nl tt opie'thiue, Micreneepha'liuntf Micrencepn'o-
luMf Little brain, (F.) Cervelet. A portion of the
medullary mass, contained in the cavity of the
cranium. It fills the lower occipital fossss below
the tentorium, and embraces the tuber annulare
and medulla. It is composed, like the brain, of
ve*»icTilar and tubular substance, arranged in
laminfe, as it were ; so that, when a section is
made of it, it has an arborescent appearance,
sailed Arbor vita. The cerebellum is divided
f nto two lobet or kemitpheree or IcUeral mcLf^f
•nd each lt»be is again subdivided into MotUie'uli
or LohUet. In the cerebellum are to be ohuund
the crura eerebelli, the fomrik venirieie, the «■!•
vula magna cerebri, the proeumta eermteiilart%
superior and inferior, Ac
CER'EBRAL, Cerebra'lit, (F.) CMbrmi, froM
cerebrum f 'the brain.' Belonging to the bimfail
similar to brain.
Cbrbbral Apophtsii, Pineal gland.
Cbrbbral Ar'tbribs are three on each aide:
— the anterior or artery of (A« eorpue ealknum,
and the middle, arte'ria SyMa'noj are frimiahed
by the internal carotid : — the pokerior or p c ete
rior and inferior artery of tke brain, A,pr^undm
cerebri, arises from the vertebral. Chanaaicr
calls these arteries lobairte, because they coire-
spond with the anterior, middle, and posterior
lobes, whilst he calls the tmnkay whence th^
originate, cerebraL
Cbrbbral Nbrybs are those which arise with-
in the cranium, all of which, perhapa, with the
exception of the olfactory, originate from the
medulla oblongata. See Nerves.
In Patkology, an affection is called cerehrpi^
which specially occupies the brain. Fihsre etri^
brale, Cerebral fever, is a variety in which the
head is much affected.
CEREBRIFORM Encephaloid.
CEREBROPATHT, see Nervous diathesSa.
CEREBRO-MALACIA, MoUities cerebri.
CEREBRO-BPINAL,Cephalo.spinal. Acere-
bro-epinal or cerebro-epinant is a neurotic, whieh
exercises a special influence over one or mete
ftinctions of the brain and spinal cord, and their
respective nerves. — Pereira.
Cerebro-Spival Axis, see Enoephalon.
CEREBRO-SPINANT, Cerebro-spinaL
CER'EBRUM or CERE'BBUM. The brain.
(F.) Cerveau, Cervelle. This term is sometimei
applied to the whole of the contents of the en^
nium : at others, to the upper portion ; — the poe>
terior and inferior being called oerebellum. The
brain, properly so called, extends fVom the oe
frontis to the superior occipital fossse. Anterior-
ly, it rests on the orbitar vaults : behind this, ott
the middle fossss of the base of the cranium;
and, posteriorly, on the tentorium cerebeUo eup^r*
extenaum. The upper eurfaee is divided hj %
deep median cleft {Seiemre tatorfoftatre, — Ch.)
into two halves, called kemiapkeree, which are
united at the base by the corpna eaUotum, At
its surface are numerous eoaro/Nfion*. The infe-
rior turf ace exhibits, from before to behind, three
lobee, distinguished into anterior, middle, and
poeterior. The middle is separated tnm the an-
terior by the fieeure of Sylvius ; and fh>m the
posterior, by a shallow furrow which corresponds
to the upper portion of the pare petroeeu JnNr"
nally, the brain has, on the median line, the eor-
pu» callosum, eeptum lucidum, fornix, pinni
gland, and third ventricle: — and laterally, the Inte"
ral veutriclea, in which are the corpora etriatOp
optic tkalami, Ac It is contained in a triple
envelope, (see Meninges.) Its texture is pulpy,
and varies according to age. Two substances may
be distinguished in it— the wkite, medullar^, tubmUir
or fibrout — meduWa cer^ebri, and the corftce^
cineritioue, veeieular, or gray. The former Is
white ; and occupies all the interior and base of
the brain. The latter is grajrish and sofler. II
is situate particularly at the surface of the organ.
The brain receives several arterial vessels, fur-
nished by the internal carotid and vertebral. Its
veins end in the sinuses. It is the material
organ of the mental and moral manifestations*
According to Gall, each part is the special
of one of those faculties, and the brain and
helium, inclusive, are called by him ' tke
eyetem </ tke wtentalfacultiee,* See Craniolefy.
CSBBVOLnJU
191
CXRVISPINA
Tlie labeteaee of the nerrotts ijsteni'— iTcairttie
been MMlyied by Vauquelini and found to
eontain water, 80.00 ; white fatty matter, 4.53 ;
red fatty matter, called eerebrinef 0.70; osma-
lome, 1.13; albumen, 7.00; phoephorui, 1.60;
lolphur, aeid phosphates of potassa, lime, and
ma^esia, 5.15.
CcRBBRUX ABDOMi]rA.LE, Solar plexus— o. Elon.
gatum. Medulla oblongata— c Parrum, Cerebel-
lum^-o. PosteriuB, Cerebellum.
CEREFOLIUM, Soandix eerefolium— ^ His-
panicura, Chflsrophyllnm odoratum — o. Sylrestre,
ChserophyUum eylvestre.
CEREL^UM, Cerate.
CEREOLUS, Bougie,
CERSRISIA, Cerevisia.
CERBUM MEDICATUM, BougU.
CERE US, Bougie.
CERBVIS'IA, quasi Cererie'ia, Cervi^xa, (%'.
Uoy Zjfthua^ Zjfthum, Liquor Cer*er%a, ViiMtm hor-
dea'eeum, Bira, Bfyton, 0pvTO9, Barley wtiM, from
Ceres, 'eom;' whence it is made. Ale {Alkif)
BeeTf Porter, (F.) Biire, Cervoiee, These fluids
are drunk by Uie inhabitants of many eountries
habitually, and in Great Britain and Germany
nore than in others. They are nourishing, but
aot rery easy of digestion. The old dispensato-
ries eontain numerous medicated ales, which are
BO longer in use.
Crrbttsia Nigra, see Falltranok.
CSBFECIL, Soandix eerefolium— e. Muequf,
Ohssrophyllum odoratum — e. Sauwige, Chssro-
phyllum sylvestre.
CERIOX, FaTus, Porrigo fkrosa.
CBRISIBB, Prunus eerasus — e. H Orappee,
Prunus padus— e. de Virginief Prunus Yirglniana.
CBRNIN, SAINT, WATERS OF. St 0. is a
parish in the diocess of SL Flour, Upper Au-
Tergne, France. The water is a chalybeate. It
Si <»lled Eau du Camban,
CERN08, Capistrum.
CEROB'NB, Cerou'ni, or Oiroui^ng, Cerotnwn,
ftom K^fos, 'wax,' and oivp;, 'wine.' A plaster
eomposod of yellow tear, mutton euet, pitch, Bur-
gwtdf piteh, bole Armeniae, tkue and wine. It
wae used as a strengthening plaster. Sometimes
U contained nmther wax nor wine.
OEROMA, Cerate.
CEROMANTFA, from Ki/pef, 'wax/ and ^av-
ruu, * diyination.' The art of foretelling Uie fu-
tnre, from the figures whieh melted wax assumes,
when suffered to drop on the surface of water.
CBRONIUM, Cerate.
CBROPIS'SUS, from ten^, 'wax,' and nwa,
'pitch.' A depilatoiy plaster, eomposed of pitch
and wax.
CEROS, Cera.
CEROSTROSIS, Hystridasis.
CEROTUM, Cerate.
CEROXYLON, see Cera flara et alba.
CERUA, Rieinis communis.
CERU'MEN, from eero, 'wax.' Oerv^men
Aufrinmy (Wrea, Aurium Swrdee, Sordie'tUee au'-
rinjn, Marmora'ta Au'rium, GypeeU, Ceru'minoue
Humnnr, Ear-wax, Ogp^eelie, Fu'giU, (F.) Cire
tUe Oreiliee. A name giren to the unetaous hu-
mour, similar to wax in its physical properties,
vbieh is met with in Uie tneatue auditor%%u exter-
mug. It is secreted by glands, situate beneath
the skin lining the meatus. It lubricates the
meatus, preterree the suppleness of the lining
Bombrane, prerents the introduetion of bodies
lk»ting in the atmosphere, and by its bitterness
KBd BBotBousneea preTenta inseeta from pene-
Icating:
CERU'MmOUS, Oerumino'mu, {f.) Oinmu
MMtcL Relating to cerumen.
CBRwnroui QLAimSy Ceru^miftouM FoUidee,
(f.) QUmde tiruminwMi on FoUieuUt
neueee. Glands or follielea which secrete th«
cerumen.
CERUSSA AGETATA, Plumbi superacetas—
c. Alba Hispanica, Plumbi snbcarbouae— o. Alba
Noriea, Plumbi snbcarbonas — c Psymmitbron,
Plumbi subcarbonas — c. Serpentoria, see Arum
maculatum.
CBRUSSE, Plumbi subcarbonaf.
CERUS'SEA URI'NA. A term used by Para-
oelsus for the urine, when of a colour like cerusse.
CERVARIA ALBA, Laserpitium UcifoUum.
CER VEA U, Cerebrum.
CERVELET, Cerebellum.
CERVELLE, Cerebrum.
CERVI ELAPHI CORNU, Comu eervi, see
Cerrus.
CER'VICAL, Oervica'lii, from cervix, 'the
back of the neck.' Traehe'lian, Erery thing
which concerns the neck, especially the back part.
Cervical Ar'tbribs are three in number : 1.
The aeeending, anterior, or euperjicial, a branch
of the inferior thyroid, distributed to the sca}eni
muscles and integuments. 2. The tranever$9
{Certfieo-ecapulaire — Ch.,) a branch of the axil-
lary artery, or of the subclavian : distributed to
the levator eeapula, trapewiua, Ac. 3. The «o«-
terior or profound, A. tranaverea'lie colli, Tra-
ehdO'CervieaXe — (Ch.) a branch of the subclavian,
distributed to the deep-seated muscles on the an-
terior and posterior parts of the neck. See, also,
Princeps Cenricis (arteria.)
Cbrvical Gah'olioxs. The three ganglions
of the great sympathetic. The cervical glande
or lymphatic glands of the neck are, aiiBO, so
called. See Trisplanehnic nenre.
Cervical Lio'AMXirTB. These are two in
number. 1. The ai^erior, extending from the
basilary process of the occipital bone to the an-
terior part of the first cervical vertebra. 2. The
poeterior or eupraepi'noue, Ligamen'tum Nu'cka,
which extends from the outer occipital protube-
rance to the spinous process of the seven Ih cer-
vical vertebra. In animals with large heads it is
very strong.
Cervical Nerves are eight in number on
each side, and form the eight cervical paire, which
are the first given off from the spinal marrow.
Cervical Plbxus, PUxue TraehSlo-eouecutanS
(Ch.) The nervous net- work formed by the an-
terior branches of the first three cervical nerves,
above the posterior scalenus muscle, and at the
outer side of the pneumogastrio nerve, carotid
artery, and jugular vein.
Cbrvical Rbgiov, Anterior, Deep, Pnrer'-
tebral region. The region of the neck, occupied
by three pairs of muscles placed immediately in
front of the cervical and three superior dors%il
vertebras : — viz. the rectus capitis anticus m^jor,
the rectus capitis anticus minor, and longus colli ;
— hence termed prevertebral mueclee.
Cervical Veins have nearly the same distri-
bution as the arteries.
Cervical Ver'tebrjb. The first seven verte •
brsB of the spine.
CERVICALIS BESCENDENS, see Hypo
glossus and Sacro-lumbalis.
CERVICARIA, Campanula trachelium.
CERVICI-DORSO'SCAPULAIRE, Rhom
boideus^c. Boreo-eoetal, Serratus posticus su-
perior — «. Poreo-maetdidien et doreo-trachilitn^
Splenios— e. MaetcHdien, Splenius.
CER'VICO-FA'CIAL, Cervi'co-faeia'h'M. Pa.
longing to the neck and face.
Cbbvico-facial Nerve, Netvua cervieo-faeiet
lie. A branch of the facial nerve, distributed tp
thMieck and face.
CERVISIA, Cerevisia.
CBBVISPINA, Rhamnu.
CEB VOISE, Coreriii*.
CERVaS, Cerca. Tbe horn oT the CVtitw .TT-
•dIix. cbIW Cona, Ctrvi EPajM Cothm, Cuna
Ccrn'.UM, HarUhfim, (V.) Con,, iU «r/, ooo-
Uin> 27 partj of gelMin id th* 100. A Jell? muie
bam lb« BburiDge ia emallientand nntriliTe.
The Sli'jt J'iale, Pria'put C^irM, WH onca
lonHideieJ tn b« ftphiodiiua. Don, 9) to gj, in
poirdor.
Cervfs Alceb. Tb* Ell, (F.) JT^a. Tha
Aon/ of Ibia BDimaJ vu andentl j nwd h an uli-
•pilcptir. Tho aDinokl, U iru Hwrted. wu aab-
Jecl Cn ^kttocks of epilopaj, and alwayi cund them
b; putting ita buof iota tka ear. The hoof nu
CoTmi (/'Inn, Burnt BarUiorn, baa bean uud
ma an anttu^id, but it coniJAtj of AT parta of phot-
pkait. and oiilj one of carbomile of lime. It ii,
therefore, not of much oh.
c£sASl£X!fE OPiBATIQS, Canaraan
CE!4)iATT0 MENSIUM, imenorrhiBm.
CBSTUl'TES. A wine prepared inaa bctan;,
(ii«Tp*», 'belODjr.')
CK:$TRON. Itelonioa oSeinaiiL
CETA'CEUM, from ^FK, 'a whale.' AUnm
CtH, AJipoeJra relu'ia, titcari'tmm etta'tna,
Spermaccl'i, (F.) DlaHC tit BaliiHt, Cftioe, Aii-
crjratolliicil, friablo, uootaona aubatanoa, obtained
from the braiu of (bo Phyti'ter iSaenttiA'alu,
whale. S. B. .94-13: melta at tl2°. It ia de-
mulcent and emollieDt^ and hai been given in
ooaghs and d^aeiittri. but is moetly lued in oint-
meuu, UOBO, Jaa to giaa, rubbed up with angar
CETERACH OFFICINABUH, Aapleninm
CETRARIA ISLANDTCA, LiFhen idandlsaa.
CKTRAUIN, ioe Ijohcn Iilaudicaa.
CBTKARIUM, fee Lichen ialaadicua.
CBVAUILLA UISPAA'ORUM, Venlnim aa^
badilla.
C&VADILLE, Veratram labadilU.
CHAA, Thea.
CIl£REFnLIUH, Scandii eerefoliaia.
CH^ROPHYL'LUH, from x«r«> ' I rtjoloe,'
Angulab
CHJRopRrL'LFN Odoba'tch, Seatidlx Odo-
n-la, Vvrrki, 0*,rq'«i aM 3fajor, (Jimlo'rin wfo-
™'W, Cn-p/u'ttnin Bitpan'iniK, SmHt Clc"tlg,
(F.) Or/rail maiqnfr: ou iTEipagiu, hat 1h(
amell of aniseed, and ia eultivated on acooont of
CBJiHoi'BtL'Luii Mo»oormr», Ch. aylvoatre—
rapkgrtum lem'tttHm len monog'jfnum aeu anffu^
la'faiH a«u vtrlietlla-lmm, AMhrii'aii Am'miVu aeu
proe"tnii, CtrtMliMm Sfleflrl, Bollard Hrm-
liek. Wild Clitnil or thie-uttd, (F.) Otr/niil
maiieagi, Ptnil tCAnt, La a aligbtlf fetid aromatla,
bnt ia not uiied.
CHJERoraTLLFK TEHCLrH, ChnropfajIlBm ajl-
Taelre — o. Vertitillalum, Cb. ajlTeatre.
CHSf E, Capillua,
CHAPINQ, Erylkt'vut IntertrCgo, InlaTlrfga,
Paralrim'ma, Par,
feonimrtt, Tbt nd tztoiittiooM which oecnu
CHAMADHTR
in oonaeqnene* of the IHetton of patia, or bahraa
the foldi of tha Bkin.eapeeiallrlnfator ncslaMBd
ibildren. Waabiog with cold wat«r and dnitlaf
Tith hair-powdar ia the beat pmesliTe. Whaa
MKDTTing balween the natea and In the refiaB rf'
ht perinsius, from long walking, — iMtrtrfgt t
jiod'iei$, PronlaPgia inlirlrigino'Hh — it la ni-
gailj deaignated b; the Freneh Eiiire/tmom.
CHAIR. Fleah.
CHAIR, OBSTETRIC, Laboni ehair.
CHAISE PERCYS, Laaannm.
CHALABIS, Relaiatiou.
CHALAEHCS, RelaXBUoii.
CUALA&'TICUS, troa ¥*!«>, 'I relai.' i
edicine proper for remonng tigldltr of Ou
bre>. — Oalen. An emollient or relaxanL
CIIAL'AZA, ClMla'tion, Chalamitim, CkaUv^-
,, Pan-tit, Oraudo, Topimt, Hail, (F.) Ortlt,
rattlU. A hard, roniid, tranaparent tutaoor,
developed In different parte of the bod;, met*
tpeciall; in the EUbelaDoe of tha eyelida
... -■- -"'-jtriralaof tho egg. Qenemll j. how.
laognage of oiologiata, the rhala*m
I, in the egg of the bird, tbe men
lal lajer of (he albnmen, which ad-
betea to the jo\k, and ia oontlnned, In the fovK
of two apiraJly twiatod banda, towards the eilH'
mitiea of the egg. The twiating ia eoniidercd le
be produced b; the revolrlng motion of tha fg
AIM, the (
It thnnigh the <
TldBOt
Cbalaia.
CnALCANTBUH, Ferri anlphai— Bl Alboa
Zioci Bulphai.
C1IALCED0NIU8, Cornelian.
CHALCITA8, Biimntb.
CHALCITBS, Oolcotbar.
CHALCOIDEDH, (oa), Cnnnform bona.
GHALCOS, Cupmm, ^reoliim.
CHALCUa, .fireolnm.
CUALEUR, Heat— e. Aert, too Aerid— c. AM-
male. Animal heat, aea Ileal— e. d— Amim/n*,
lae HenL
CHALEURS OU FOIE, HeaL
CIIALINI, weLip.
CHAL'INOPLASTY, OutlinopUa/iiti f ftwa
^■^<ni. 'ftBDUm,' 'a bridle,' and iWdi, 'I
form.' The operation for forming a new fnenon.
CHALK, Crela — c. Red, Rnbrioa febnlia—o.
Slonca, Calculi, arthritie.
CUALYB'BATE, GkalfhrB'tta, Frmffirn'mn,
Femgiiu>'w«t, ftrrn'mt, MorHa'lii, Prrrm'gi-
HOKi, Mar-tial, |F.) ftrngitina; trom ctalyit,
• iron or iteel.' Of, or belonging to Iron i contaiiu
ing Iron. Any medicine into whlsh iron entara,
u tialjibiiitt Kizturt, pittt, wattn, ko. Sm W^
len. Mineral.
CHALYBI8 RUBiaO, Ferri
The Pnlo-carhHTit o/ irou, (F.) Atii
■Dedicine, itecI doea not differ from Iron
CHALin T*iiTi(BiiiTui, Ferram tart
CHAMA, Cheme.
CnAM£ACTE. Samboena ebnlna.
CHAU^BATOH. Fragaria.
CBAU^CEDRIS. Arlemieia lantoni
CHAM^CiaaUS, alechoma had«s.
CHAM.SCLEMA, Qleohoma beder
Hederaoeah Qleeboma bedetaoaa.
CHAM*CYPARI88U8, 1
CIIAMjE DROPS, Tenctiam cbarnvdrya.
CHAM^DRYi'TES. A wine, in whid tha
Tia'arium Chaiadrjt baa bean infnaed.
OIIAU.£DRTe,RabaaebBi»Bmoraa,TeneTfnm
mamm — o. Hanim, Tensriuoi manim — e. Uinor
repen*, Tenerinm Ch. — e. Paloitrla, Teneria
aoordinm — o. Seordlura,
Tnlgana, Twuiltmk Ch.
CHAMJBQSIRON
108
CHARM
CHAM AOEIRON, Tasstlago.
CHAH^L^AQNUS, Myrica gale.
GH AM^LAi'TES. A wine ImpregiiAted with
CkammUa, Daphni AljrVna,
CIIAMJBLEA, Cneorum tricoccam.
CHAMELEON ALBUM, Carlina scauliB.
CHAMiBLBUCE, Tussilago.
CHAMJBLINUM, Linum eatharticnm.
CHAM JSLIR'IUM LU'TEUM, Vtra'trum l«'.
Umm, n€io'nia€ WUa, H. Dioi'ca, DeviV* Bit,
Blazing atar / indigenoiiB ; Order, MelaothacesD ;
flowering in June ; \b aorid. An infusion of the
root ha« been giren as an anthelmintic ; a tine*
tare, as a tonic.
CUAMjBMELUM, Anthemis nobilis— c. Foe-
tidam, Antbemis cotala — o. Nobile, Anthemis
nobilis — c. Odoratam, Anthemis nobilis— c Vul-
Matricaria chamoroilla.
CHAMiEMORUS, Teuorium ohamsepttys, Ru-
Iras ehamsB moras— c. Norwegica, Rubus chamsB-
norus.
CUAMiEPEUCB, Camphorosma Monspeliaca.
CHAMiKPITUI'NUM VINUM. A wine, in
which tbe leares of the Ckam<B'pitj/§f Teu'erium
Ckama'pity^, have been infused.
CHAMiEPITYS, Teacriom chamSBpitys — o.
Anthyllus, Teuerium iva — o. Moschata, Teu-
erinm ira.
CHAM^PLION, Erysimum.
CUAM^RAPH'ANUM, from x^^l^h *on the
ground,' and fa^avos, 'the radish.' So Paulus
of JBgiuA calls we upper part of the root of the
Apinm.
GHAM^'ROPS SERRAT'TJLA, Saw Pal-
wutto. A farina is prepared from the roots of
this pisnt, which is used by the Indians, in Flo-
rida, as dieL
CHAMBAR, Magnesia.
CHAMBER, Cam'era, (F.) Ckamhre. A term
Hied in speaking of the eye, in which there
•re two chambers, Cawi^ra oe'u/t; — an ixnie-
rior and % posterior ; (F.) Chtnuhre antirieure ei
poHirieurt, The anterior is the space between
the cornea and the anterior part of the iris : — the
poaUrior, the space between the iris and anterior
•ariace of the crystalline. They are filled with
the aqneons hamoar, and commonioaie by the
opening in the pnpiL
CHAM'BERLAIITS RESTOR'ATIVS
PILLS. This nostrum, recommended in scro>
fula, and all impurities of the blood, has been
Analysed by Dr. Paris, and found to consist of
cimnabar, eulpkur, eulphate of lime, and a little
▼egetable matter. Each pill weighs 3 graine.
CBAMBRB, Chamber.
CHAMBRIE, Cannabis sativa.
CHAMELEA, Daphne Alpina.
CHAMOMILE, DOGS', Matricaria chamomiUa
— e. Dyers', Anthemis tinctoria — c German,
Matricaria chamomilla — c Spanisl^ Anthemis
pyrethmm — c. Stinldnff, Anthemis cotnla — o.
Wild, Anthemis cotula, Matricari* glabrata.
CHAMOMILLA F(ETIDA, Anthemis cotnla
— c Koptras, Matricaria chamomilla — e. Ro«
nana, Anthemis nobilis — o. Spuria^ Anthemis
cotula.
CHAMPACA, Michelia ehampaca.
CHA}tPIGNON, Fungus— c de TApDweU
dee Fracture; Clavaria — e. de Ooueke, see Agaric
— c^ de Malte, Cynomorion coccineum.
CHANCELAGUA, Canchalagna.
CHANCRE, (F.) Ulene eanero'eum, XJleut^eu-
Imm eancro'euwk, A sore, which arises from the
direct appUcaUon of the venereal Tims ; hence it
Is almost always seated, in men, on die penis.
Tbe French use the word Ckanere, in popolar
language, for cancerous ulcers, the malignant
•pbfthv of childreau Ac Fonaerly, the tenna
M
Car'oli and Ca'rxee pudendo'rum were used foF
venereal pustules or sores on the parts of gene-
ration. .
CHANCRE LARVS. A concealed chancre,
such as has been supposed by M. Ricord to give
occasion to gonorrhoea virulenta.
CHANCREUX, Chanereuee, (F.) Canero*9ue,
Carcino'dee, Having the nature of chancre, or
of cancer.
l^oHfon CAancretur. A small tumour of a can-
cerous nature, which makes its appearance on
the face — most frequently on the upper lip— Ab^i
me tangere,
CHANT DES ARTE RES Sijftement moduU,
CHANVRE, Cannabis sativa— c. Indien,
Bangue.
CHAOMANTI'A. The alchymists meant, by
this word, Uie art of predicting the future from
observation of tbe air. The word Chaoe was
used by Paracelsus for tbe air; {f^wu; 'divi-
nation.')
CHAOSDA, Plague.
CHAPERON DEMOINE, Aoonitnmnapellus.
CHAPITEAU, Alembic.
CHAPP.EDONADE, Chappetonade.
CHAPPETONADE, Chappedonade, {¥,),
Vom'itue rahio'eue. Vomiting accompanied by
ftirious delirium, attacking strangers in hot
countries.
CHAR'ACTER, x^?*'^^ 'A mark or impres-
sion.' (F.) Caraethre, In Pathology it is used
synonymously with stamp or appearance. We
say, **A disease is of an unfavourable character,"
" The prevailing epidemic has a bilious eharae*
ter," Ac. In Menial Pkiloeopkg it means— that
which disUnguishes one individual from another,
as regards his understanding and passions. Bet
Symbol.
CHARA'DRIUS. iBlian thus eaUs a bird,
which was reputed to cure jaundice. The weitt
now means the plover.
CHARANTIA, Momordica elaterium.
CHARBON, Anthrax carbo.
CHARBONNEUX, Anthracoid.
CHARCOAL, Carbo— c Animal, Garba mU
malis.
CHARBON A UX JNES, Onopeidnu aean-
thium — e. Binit, Centanrea benedieta— c. 4 Bom»
netier, Dipeaens iyilloiram — c. EtoUi, Centanrea
calcitrapa — e. d FouloUf Dipsacns ftdlonmm — e.
HhnorrkeHdal, Cirsium arvense — e. Marie, Car-
dnus Marianus— c. Roland, Eiyngium campestre.
CHAR'LATAX, from ItaL eiarlare, <to tidk
much ;' 0ireula*tor,0iremm/ora'neu9,Periodem'tee,
Peeudomed'ieue, Agjfr*ta, Anaeve'leon, A Quaek,
an Empirieal Pretender, an Emj/irit, Origi-
nally, one who went from place to place to sell
a medicine, to which he attributed marvellous
properties. By extension -» any individual, who
endeavours to deceive the public by passing him-
self off as more skilful than he really is. Ao-
cording to Manage, the word comes from etrov-
latanua, a corruption of e%retdaU>r,
CHAR'LATANRT, Aayr'tia, Banau'eia, ths
conduct or action of a charlatan. (F.) Charla^
tcuterie, Charlatanieme, Quaekery, Empiridem*
CHARLOCK, Sinapis arvensis.
CHARM, Lat. Carmen^ 'a verse,' beeaose
charms often consisted of verses, whence comes
the Italian, Ciarma, (F.) Charme, wiUi the same
signification. Canta*tio,IncantaTnmifium, Atriek,
a spell, an enchantment A sort of magic, or super-
stitious pracUc^ consisting of words, characters,
Ac, by which it was bekeved, that individuals
might be struck with sickness or death, or b«
restored to health.
The following are ipedmens of old cbansf*—
veree eharme :
V
CHASmiRE IM
CHEBSB
. Fbr Hanching Blood, (Pepys.)
Banifuiii mane in te
Siciit ChriDtu* fuit in le ;
Bangui* mane in tufi venA
Bicut ChristiiA in sua posnA;
Banffui* mane flxua,
Sicut Christus quando Aiit cnieiflxufl. *
For Crampf (Pepya.)
Cramp be thou (kintleaa,
An our lady was ainiefla.
When abe bare Jesus.
For the Foot %ehen aileepf (Coleridge.)
Foot ! foot ! foot ! is ftsC asleep !
Thumb! thumb! thumb! in spittle we steep;
(^r(iM<!s three we malie to ease us,
Two for the thieves, and one for Christ Jesus.
The same charm senred for cramp in the leg,
with this substitution :
The devil is tying a knot in my leg!
Mark, Luke, and John, unloose it, I beg !—
Crosses three, k,c.
For a Bum, (Pepys.)
There came three angpls out of the East ;
The one brought fire, the other brought frost.
Out ftr*i; in frost.
In the name of the Father and Son and Holy Ghost.
Ameu.
CnARNlP^RE, Ginglymus.
CHARNU, Cameoua.
CHARPIEy Linteum — e. Brute, see Linteum
— e. BapStf see Linteum.
CHARTA ANTIARTHRITICA, Gout paper
^-c. Autirheumatica, Qout paper— c Vesicatoriay
eee Sparadrapum Vesicatonum — o. Virginea,
Amnios.
CHART RE, Tabee mesenterica.
CHAS, (F.) Ac<i§ /ora'men. The eye of a
meedle. Sometimes, tiiia opening is near the
'point of the ini^trument, as in the ligature needle.
CnASCEILSCU, see Bangue.
ClIASME, Yawning.
CHASPE, Variola.
CHASSE{Y.), Manu'hrium. A kind of handle
eoraposed of two movable laminsB of horn, shell,
or ivory, united only at the extremity, which
holds the blade of Uie instrument, — aa in the
common bleeding lancoL
CHASSIE (F.). Lema, Lippa, Olama, Olemi,
Ora'mia^ Lemos'itaa; the ^tim of the eve, A se-
baceous humour, secreted mainly by the follicles
of Meiboraius, which sometimes glues the eyelids
together.
CHASSTEUX (E,) Lippne ; covered with
Chaante — as PaupC^ret choMteueee,
CHASTE TREE, Vitex.
CHATAIONE, see Fagus castanea— c. d^Eau,
Trapa natans.
CHATAWmER COMMUN, Fagus castanea
— c. AVtt'n, Fagus castanea pnmila.
CHATEAU -LANDON, WATERS OP. A
town three leagues from Nemours, in France.
The waters contain alum and iron.
CHATEAU-SALINS, WATERS OF; a town
in the dep«'tment of La-Meurthe, France. The
waters contain carbonate of lime, sulphates of
lime and magnesia, and chlorides of magnesium
and sodium.
CHATELDON, MINERAL WATERS OF.
Chateluon is in the department of Puy-de-D6mo,
France. The waters contain carbonic acid and iron.
CIIATEL-GUYON, MINERAL WATERS OF.
A Tillage in France, in the department Puy-de-
DAme, near which there are five thermal acidu-
lous pprings. Temperature, 86^ Fahrenheit.
CHATON (F.), *a husk.' In pathology, it
means n/nnda or cavity formed by the irregular
M hour-^laea eciUraction of the uterus, in which
the placenta is often retained or etieknhmni aftff
the birth of the child. It is detected by psMiic
the fingers along the cord as far as the part whieE
is contracted, when the placenta will not be db*
coverable.
The treatment consists in relaxing by a large
dose of an opiate, then passing the fingers along
the cord, and gradually dilating the opening
through which it passes, until it pomits the band
to go through. The placenta must than h9
granped and gently withdrawn.
CHATON, Vaginal process.
CHATONNi, CALCUL, (F.) Cnteulu* in^t^
eera'tue, Eucy'ted CaVeulue, CcUcni tnhfHL A
urinary calculus, adherent to the inner snr&ea
of the bladder, so that it is immorable, and can-
not pass to the different parts of that oiigaa.
This happens when calculi form in some natonl
or accidental cavity of the bladder ; or when the
organ, by ulceration, gives ri«e to fungi, which
surround the calculus; or when it is lodged la
the orifice of the ureter or urethra.
CHATON n£, PLACENTA, (P.) The pto-
centa when retained as above described. Bet
Chnton,
CHATONNEMENT, (F.) Iwenrtera'tio, CAo-
(ofinement du placenta, JEnkyetement. — Hour-glasf
contraction of the uterus. See Chaton.
OHATOUJLLEMENT,(F,) This word some-
Uroes means the aeUon of tickling or titiUadoa
{TitUla'tio,) and, at others, the sensation whidi
gives rise to the action (Pruri'tue,) Itching.
CHATR£, Castratus.
CHATRURE, Castration.
CHA VDEA U, Caudle.
CH AUDEBOURG, MINERAL WATERS OF.
C. is three quarters of a league from ThicniTillep
in France. The waters contain iron, solphata
of lime, sulphate of magnesia, and carbonate of
lime.
CHAUDEPISSE, Gonorrhoea impura — c tW-
d(e, Gonorrhoea cordata — e. Totnhie dan§ lem
Boureee, Hernia humoralis.
CHAUDES-AIGUES, MINERAL WAT£RS
OP. A small town in the department of Cantal,
France, where there is a number of saline iqprings
containing carbonic acid, carbonate of soda, and
chloride of sodium. Temp. 190° Fahrenheit
CHAUDliRE, see Alembic.
CHAUFFOIR (P.), Linteum Calefacto^Humt,
According to the Acadimie, a warmed cloth, need
either for the purpose of warming a patient, or
to apply to a female recently delivered.
CHA USSE, (F.) ChauMed'Hippocrate, Manck^
d*Hippocrate, Ifan'ica Hippo^ratie, Man'iea,
Hippocratee* Sleepe, A conical bag, made of
fiannelt for sUitining liquids.
CHAUSSE-TRAPPE, Centaorea ealdtrapa.
CHAUVET6, CalviHes.
CHA UX, Calx— <•. Bichlorure de, Calcis ehlo-
ridum — c. Chlonire rff, Calcis chloridnm — e. /fy-
drochforote </<•, Calcis murias — c. Hydroen^fate
de, Calcis sulphuretum — e. Muriate de, Calcis
murias — c. Muriate oxigfuS de, Calcis chloridnm
— c. 3furiate mroxigfni de, Calcis chloridnm-—
c. Oxichlontre de, Calcis chloridnm — c. Orimu'
riate de, Calcis chloridum — c. Vive, Calx rira.
CHECKER-BERRY, Arbutus nva ursi.
CHEEK, Gena.
CHEESE, Sax. cere, (L.) Cb'seus, Tyroa,Pectf,
(P.) Fromage. An aliment, prepared from the
caseous and olefijrinons parts of milk. Fr^h
cheeses owe their chief medical properties to the
immediate principle, essentially cheesy, to which
the name ca*aeum or ea'eein has been applied. .
Those, which have been recently salted, are di-
gested with comparative fiMilitj. The flaTonr
CESSSX
105
CHSMOSIS
of elieese Is owing to an Ammoniacal eaieate.
Oq the whole, cheese itaelf is not easy of diges-
tion, aithoagh it may stimulate the stomach to
greater exerUon, and thus aid in the digestion
of other snbatances.
CIIEESB RENNET, Galium rerum.
CHEE'ST, Ocuea'Hua, Cawo'nu, Tyro'dea, (F.)
CcufHx on OcuSeux. Haying the nature of cheese.
CHEF, Bandage (taiL)
CHEQOE, Ckique,
CHEORB, Chique.
CHEILI'TIS, CkUVtU, from x^^> ''^ ^P*'
Inflammation of the Up. See Chilon.
GHBILOC'ACfi, from x»>»c> ' » ^W *nd ffocof,
* eriL' LahrUuVeiu/m. A disease, characterised,
it is said, by swelling, indoration, and slight red-
ness of the lips without inflammation ; reputed,
Vut without any authority, to be oommon in
£ngland and SeoUand, amongst children. Also,
the thieknees of the upper lip of scrofhloua chil-
dren. See Stomacace, and Caneer aqnatieus.
CHEILOCARCINO'MA^ from x'^^^i* 'a Up,'
and gufmummof * a cancer.' Caneer of the Up.
CHEILOMALACIA, Cancer aquaUous, 6to-
CHEILON, Chilon.
CHEILON'CUS, Chnloph^'ma, from x<^of,
' Up,' and •yK9tt ' swelling.' A swelling of the Up.
CHEILOPHYMA, Cheiloncua.
CHEILOPLAS'TICE, Ohilo^H<a, from x^-
\»t, 'Up,' and 9Xmm»3s, 'formmg.' The opera-
tion for an artificial Up.
CUEILOS, Lip.
CHEIMA, Cold.
CUEIMBTLON, Chilblain.
CHEIMIA, Rigor.
CHSIR, Manns.
CHEIRAN'THUS CHEIRI, from x^^ 'the
liand,' and av$9t, 'flower.' The systemaUo name
of the CoMMoa YeUow WaU Flower, Vi'ola lu'tea,
Xrewecium lu'leutn, Keyri, Ck«%ri, (F.) Oirofiit ou
Violier jawM, The flowers have been esteemed
nerrine, narcotic, and deobstruent.
CHEIBAP'SIA. The action of rubbing or
aeratching, from ;^ecf», ' the hand,' and avrw, ' I
touch/ A troublesome symptom in the itch.
CHBIRIATER, Surgeon.
CHEIRIS'MA, CK€irWm^u, The act of touoh-
ing: — ^handling. Any manual operation.
CHEIRIXIS. Surgezy.
CHSIRONOM'IA, ChirtmomHa, from X"P«-
voyuw, ' I exercise with the hands.' An exercise,
referred to by Hippocrates, which eonsiated in using
the handa, as in our exercise of the dumb-bells.
CHEIBOPLETHES, Fasciculus.
CHEIR06IS, Subactio.
CHELA, Cheli. This word has several signi-
ficationa. Chela, a forked probe used for extract-
ing polypi ftx>m the nose. Cheia — chaps, or
craoka on the feet> organs of generation, Ao.
Ckel^B Ukewiae means daws, especiaUy those of
the crab. See Canoromm Gheic
ChkLuS Palpsbbabuk, see Tarsus.
CHBLAPA, CouTolynlus Jalapa.
CHELE, Chela.
CHiUDOINB ORANDS, CheUdoniom ma-
jna— e. PetUe, Ranunculus flcaria.
CHBLIBOK, ;(eXiaMv, the hollow at the bend
of the arm ; Himndo,
CHBLIBONIA ROTUNDIFOLU MINOR,
Baaaaealns fiearia.
CHBLIDONICM, Bryonia alba— o. Hssmato-
das, CIl m^ns.
CBEUDo'invir Majvs, CK hiBmato'dee, from
XtXtJwv, 'a swallow,' because its flowering coin-
ddee with the appearance of the swallow. Pa-
p€^9€r Chmieula'tntn, P, It^tewm, (hmmon CeV-
mtdUye, Tetterwort, (F.) CWidoine grande,
L'JMain, Family, PapaTera^fe. Sex, S^eL
Polyandria Monogynia. The root and recent
plant have been considered aperient and diuretie.
BxtemaUy, the Juice has been employed in soma
cutaneous diseases.
CHBUDOinDM Miiars, Ranunculus flcaria.
CUELIDO'NIUS LAPIS. A name given to
stones, which, it was pretended, existed in the
stomach of young swaUows. They were formerly
believed capable of curing epilepsy.
CHELOII), Cancroid.
CHELO'NE, x^*^^> *^ tortoise.' An instru-
ment for extending a limb; so called, because in
its slow motions, it resembled a tortoise. — Orlbi^
sius. See Testudo.
CHBLO'irfl Glabba, Cnmmon Snake head, Tur-
tle head, Turtle bloom, Shelljlovter, BaXmony* An
indigenous plant, Sex, Syt, Didynamia angio-
spermia; blossoming from July to Noveml>er.
The leaves are bitter and tonic; without any aro-
matic smell, and with very UtUe astringency.
CHELO'NIA MYDA8, The Green Turtle.
This species of turtle abounds on the ^oast of
Florida. It is the one so prized by the epicure.
CHELO'NION, Chelo'nium, from x'>^^^l» '»
tortoise,' from its resembling in shape the sheU
of that animaL The upper, gibbous part of the
back. — GorrseuB. The scapula.
CHELONOPH'AGI, from x<^«>^> '^^ tor-
toise,' and 0ayw, ' I eat' An ancient name for
certcdn tribes, who dwelt on the coasts of the Red
Sea, and who lived only on tortoises. — PUny,
Diodoms of SicUy.
CHEL'SEA PEN'SIONER. An empirical re-
medy for rheumatism and gout, sold under this
name. {Own guaiae, 3J ; powdered rhubarb, 9^;
cream of tartar, Jj ; Jlowere of eulphur, 5j ; one
nutmeg, finely powdered : made into an electuary
with a pound of clarified honey,) Dose, two
spoonfrils.
CHEL'TENHAM, MINERAL WATERS OP.
C. is a town in Gloucestershire, England, nine
mOes from Gloucester, and 94 W. of London.
Its water is one of the most celebrated natural
purgatives in England. It is a saline, acidulous
chalybeate, and is much frequented. Its main
constituents are chloride of sodium, sulphate of
soda, sulphate of magnesia^ carbonic acid and
carbonate of iron.
Chbltesthak Salts. These are sometimes
made from the waters; at others, factitiously.
The following is a formula : Sodii chlorxd., mag-
net. eulphat,, eoda aulph,, && Ibj : dissolve, filter,
evaporate to dryness; then add J^errt eulpL, ^^ss.
Chbltenhajc Watbb, Abtificial, may be
made of Epeom ealt, gr. xlj ; iron JUinge, gr. j ;
Glauber^e eaU, Jiv; water, 4 gaJlons; impreg-
nated with the gas from marble powder and #u^.
phurie acid, U ^y.
CHELYS, Thorax.
CHELTS'CION, from xc>vf» 'the chest' A
short, dry cough .--Galen, Hippocrates, Foesius.
CHEMB, Chama, Che'ramie, An ancient mea-
sure, equivalent to about two teaspoonAils.
CHEMEUTICE, Chvmistsr.
CHEMIA, Chymistry. '^^
CHEMUTER, Chymiater.
CHEMIATRIA, Chymiatria.
CHEMICO- HISTOLOGY, see Chymieo-hi*.
tology.
CHEMICUS, Chymlcal, Chymlst
CHEMIST, Chymist
CHEMISTRY, Chymistry.
CHEMO'SIS, from xif^^t 'ui aperture,' or froa
Xvpiof, * a humour.' A name given to ophthalmia^
when the coigunctiva, surrounding the cornea^
forms a high ring, making the cornea seem, as it
were, at the bottom of a weU. By some, it ia
used synonymously wltii ophthaXmiit u^^mJbremmm
nm. Bee Ophthalmiai
CHEHOTICS
106
CniCEEN.WATEB
CHEMOTTCE, Chjmistry.
CHEMOTICUS, Chyinicftl.
CHENAY, MINERAL WATERS OF. Che-
nay is a town in France, two lo^ues from Rheime.
The waters are chalybeate.
CHi^NE, Qucrcas alba— c. Marin^ FuctA refli-
culosus — c. Petttf Tcacrium chamKdrys— c. Vert,
Ilex u<i 111 folium.
CFfJiXEVIS, see Cannabia Bativa.
CIIENOBOSCON, Potentilla anserina.
CHEXOO'OPRUS, from xi*'* '» goose/ and
«o»pos, * dung.' The tluny of the goote la bo de-
signated in some old Pharmacopoeias. It was
fonnerly employed as a felirifuge and diureUc.
CHENOPODIUM AHBROSIACUM, Ch.am-
brosio'ides.
Chexopo'dtitm Ambro8IoI'dr8, Ck, gnffrttetico'-
tum, fn>m ^i^t * ^ goone/ and vovf, ' a foot ;' Bo-
tr^t 3f erica* noj A^riplex Mexiea'wij Ckenopo'-
dimm arAbrotineum seu Mcxica'nmm^ Botrjftf Am-
hronoYde* Jfexica'iutf jRotry§ Ameriea'tia, Arte-
mie'ia Botrjffi, Mexico Tea, Spanish Tea, (F.)
Antiriitet Thi du Mexique^ Ambrotie du Mexique,
The infusion was once drunk as tea. It has been
pren in paralytic cases ; and in the United States
is said to be U8e<l as an anthelmintic indisorimi-
nately with Ch. anthelminticum.
CRE:?opo'Dinf ANTHELVi5'TTcnr, Chenopo'-
dium, Botryt anthelmin'tica, Womueed, Worm-
goo9f/ontf Worm»eed goote/ootp Jenualem Oak of
America, Qooeefoot, Stinkvoeed, (F.) Anairine aa-
theltnintique, A. vermifnge. This plant grows
plentifully in the United States. The fniit—
ChenopodiuMf (Ph. U.S.) — ^is mnch nsed in cases
of worms. Duse of the powder, from a teaspoon-
fnl to a tablespoonful or more. The oil, (rUum
Chennpo'dii, (Ph. U. S.), from 8 to 10 drops, is
more frequently exhibited. It is as mnch used
in America as the Semen Santon'tci is in England.
Chenopo'diitm Boxvs Uenri'cus, Chrytolach'-
anuitty Mercuria'liaf Boniu Henri'eut, Tota bona,
Lap'afhwn vnctuo'aum, Chenopo'dium, Ch, iogit-
ta'tum. Pee aneerVntu, Englieh Mercury, Allgood,
Angular Jenved gooeefoot, ( F. ) Aneirine Bon
Henri, Epinard eauvage. The leaves are emol-
lient, and have been applied to ulcers, Ac. It
has also been considered refrigerant and ecco-
protic
'Chexopo'diuk BoTRTS, Bohye, Botrye vulga*-
Ti9, Amhro*9\a, Artemia'ia Chenopo'dinm, At'ri-
plex odora'ta, At'riplex euav'eoleitw; the Jeruea-
lem Oak, (Eng.) (F.) Anairine Bahye, possesses
anthelmintic properties, and was once given in
diseases of the chest, palsy, Ac. It is useless.
Chenopodium FasTiDm, Chenopodium volra-
ria— e. Olidum, Ch. yulvaria.
CnENOPODiuM QuiNOA, Quin%ta, A nutritions,
wholesome, and agreeable article of food with the
PeruTians. The leaves, before the plant attains
maturity, are eaten as spinach : but the seeds are
most generally nsed as food, boiled in milk or
broth, and sometimes cooked with cheese and
Spanish pepper. ^^^
CHBTropoDiiTM^fetyTATuir, Ch. Bonus Henri-
ons — c. Suffmctioosam, Ch. ambrosioldet.
Stinking
♦JracA or Oooa^/oot, (F.) Vulvaire, Arroehe pu-
ant, AnM^rine fitide. The fetid smell has occa-
sioned it to be used as an antispasmodic and
nervine.
CHEOPINA. Cheopine.
CHEQUERBERRY, Qanltheria.
CHERAMIS, Chemo.
CUERBACHEM, Veratnim album.
fHERBAS, Leitaco.
CHERMKS, Kermes.
CHERNIBIUM, Urinal.
CHERRY, BIRD, Prunos padaa— & Tl«%
red, Prunus cerasns — c. Tree, black, Pnni
avium — c. Tree, wild, Prunos Virgiiiiana — e.
Water, Kirschwasser — c. Wild cluster, Pnnu
padus — c Winter, Physaiis.
CIIERSJS, Faeces.
CHERVIL, Scandix cerefoUnm— a WUd, Gba-
rophyllum sylvestre.
CHESIS, from X'<»y> ' to go to stooL' A wun
frequent desire to evacuate the bowels.
CHEST, Thorax.
CUEST-EXPLORATOR, see Explontor,
chest.
CHESTNUT TREE, Fagns castanea.
CHEVAUCHEMENT, (F.) Ot'timm Mpeiye.
•it'Ho vel equita'tio, Parallax'ie, Paralia^WMU
The riding of one bone over anothar after fiae-
turo, giving rise^ to shortening of the limbb Bet
Riding of Bones."
CHEVELUBE,Be»lp.
CHEVESTBE, Cher^tre, Capi^trum^ frvB
caput, 'the head.' A bandage, applied round
the head in cases of fracture or luxation of the
lower jaw. According to the mode in whieh it ii
made, it is called eimple, double, oblique, Ao.
VHEVEU, CapUlus.
CUE V ILLS DU PIED, Malleolus.
OHMyRE.FEUILLE, Lonioerft pok^.
menum.
CUEYLETUS SCABIEI, see Psora.
CHEZANAN'CE, from x<<«»f 'I go to stool,'
and avayK^, 'necessity.' An ointment oompoaod
of honey and alum, and rubbed on the anus to
occasion evacuation. — Paulus of A^na,
CHIA, Chia terra, from Chioe, an isUtnd vlitrt
it was found. A kind of white earth, tmrntidy
used for bums. — Galen.
CHI'ACUM COLLYR'IUM. A oollyrinm eoe-
sisting of several drugs and Chian wine. — Pavlu
of .£gina.
CHIADUS, Fumncnlus.
CHIAS'MUS, Ohiat'ma, Chiam^ from yte^
to form like the letter x* ^^® cmdal union of
ports, — as the optie eommiaeure or cAiaem of the
optic nerves, — (Jhiae'muM seu Ck%a»*ma merw/nm
optico'rum,
CHI ASTER, Kiaster.
CHIAS'TOS. Same etymon. A bandage so
called because it resembles the letter x- — ^'
basiuB.
CHIBOU, see Bursera gummifera.
CHIC HA. A drink made in Peru with Indian
meal dried in the sun, and fermented with water.
Its taste is that of bad cider. It is also made
from rice, peas, barley, Ac.
CHICKEN-BREASTED, see Lordosis.
CHICKEN. BROTH. When chicken-tea U
boiled down one-half, with the addition of a little
parefey or celery, and the yolk of an egg previ-
ously beaten up in two ounces of soft water, it
forms a soup mnch relished by the convalescent.
CHICKEN-PEPPER, Ranunculus abonivus.
CHICKENPOX, Varicella.
CHICKEN-TEA, Chieken^water, This may be
prepared as follows : Take a small ehickvn, freed
from the skin and fat between the mneolos; and,
having divided it longitudinally, remove the
lungs, liver, and every thing adhering to the
back and side-bones : cut the whole— bones and
muscles — into very thin slices; put into a pan
with a sufficient quantity of boiling water ; cover
the pan; and simmer with a slow fire for two
hours. Put the pan upon the stove for half an
hour, and strain through a sieve.
Used where the lightest animal diet is indioatedL
CHICKEN-WATER, Chicken-tea.
CUICKWXBI)
W
CHIROiriA
OUXCKWKED, Abine madia.
CHlOORiE DESJARDIN3, Ciehoriam «a.
^Tia— ^ SauwMg€f Ciohorium intybas.
CHIESDENT, Tritioam repaus.
CHIGGO, CAiW.
CHtOORE, clique.
CfffOOB, Ckiqne,
CUIL'BLAIN, Per'nio, Bngan'tia, Btyihe'ma
Per'niOf Brytk^ma. d Fri'mrt, Cheimeflon, Ohi-
wtefimm, Ckimon, MtUci, from chiltf 'cold,' and
hiatHt 'a puftnle/ (F.) Engelure, An erythe-
matous inflammatioB of the feet, — hande, Ae.,
occasioned by cold. It is very eommon in yoatii
— ^not so in the adult or in adTaoced age. It is
^t to degenerate into painful, indolent ulcera-
tions, called Kibet, Chilblains are prevented by
accustoming the parts to exposure; and are
tr«atod by stimulant, terebinthinate and balsamic
washes, ointments, and liniments.
CHILD-BEARING, ParturitioB.
CHILD-BED, Parturient
CHILD-BED FEVER, Puerperal fever.
CHILD-BIRTH, Parturition.
CHILD-CROWING, Asthma thymicum.
CHILDHOOD, Infancy.
CHILD-MURDER, Infanticide.
CHILDREN'S BANE, CicuU macnlata.
CHILI, see Lima.
CHILI, MINERAL WATERS OP. The most
celebrated mineral springs of Chili, in South Ame-
liea, are those of Peldehues and Canquenes. The
lormer are not far from St Jago. They consist
id two springs, one thermal, the other cold. The
ftot spring is clear, inodorous, and contains soda
and carbonic acid. The cold spring contains iron
and sulphate of soda. Canquenes is much re-
sorted to by invalids during the summer. Mine-
Tal waters are very common in Chili
CHILIOGRAMMA, Kilogramme.
CHILIOPHTLLON, AohiUea mUlefolinm.
CHILITBS, CheiUtis.
CHILL, Rigor.
CHI'LON, Okei'km, CkeiK'tu, from x^^^tf '»
Up.' Inflammation of the lips. — YogeL One
who has a thick lip ; Laheo, Labet.
CHILOPLASTIOB, CheiloplasUce.
CHIMAPHILA, Pyrola umbellata. _
CHIMBTLUH, ChUblain.
CHIMIA, Chymistry.
CHIMIATER, Chymiater.
CHIMIATRIA, Chymiateia.
CMfM/E, Chymistry.
CfilMlSTE, Chymist
CHIMON, Ghflblain, Cold.
CHINA, Cinchona, Smilax china — o. Ameri-
aaa or West India, Smilax pseudo-china — o. Oo-
cideotaUs, Smilax pseudo-china — c. Orientalis,
8milax china — c Ponderosa, Smilax china — c.
Boot Smilax china — c. Spuria nodosa, Smilax
peeudo-ehina— c. Vera, Smilax china.
CHINCAPIN, Fagus castanaa pnmila—e.
Water, Nelumbtum luteum.
CHINCHE, Cimex.
CHINCHINA, Cinchona.
CHINCHUNCHULLI, lonidium maroueoL
CHINCOUOn, Pertussis.
CHINESE. MEDICINE OF THE, MedM'na
JSim'iea. Medicine has been long, but most im-
perfectly, practised by the Chinese. From their
therapeutics we have obtained the old operations
of acupunctore and moxibustion.
CHINO'S WORM LOZENGES, Mo Worm
Losenges, Ching's.
CUINIXUM, Quinine. See Chinium.
CHINIO'IDINB, Okinoldine, Ckinoidifma,
i^miUdine; ftmn Ckina, <Cinchpna.' A substance
presumed to be an alkaloid by Sertfimer, who
itp f atad it from cinchona. It haf been rap-
posed to be a mixture of qainia, dnehoniay and ft
peculiar rennous matter, but according to Liebig
it is simply the alkaloid quinia in an amorphona
state.
CHINIUM ACETICUM, Quinise acetas — e.
Arsenicosmn, Quiniss arsenias — o. Citricum, Qui-
niflB citras — e. Ferroeyanogenatum, Quinise Fer-
rocyanas — e. Hydrochloricum, QuinisD, murias
— c. Hydroiodicum, Qninim hydriodas — c. Lac-
dcum, QuinisB lactas — c. Muriatieum, Qniniss
murias — e. Nitricum, Quiniss nitras — c. Phos-
phoricum, QuinisB phosphas — c Salitum, Qai-
nisB murias — c Sulphuricum, Quinias sulphas
— e. Tannicum, Qniniss et Cinchonim tannas—
e. Valerianicum, QuinisB valerianas.
CHINNEYWEBD, Lichen roccolla.
CHINOLEINUM, Leukoleinum.
CHINQUAPIN, Fagus castanea pumila.
CHINWHELK, Svcoeis.
CHIOCOCC^ RA'DIX, Caincm radix.
CHIOLI, Furunculus.
CHION, Snow.
CHIQUE, (F.) Puct pinitr 
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