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' (^/ THE
MEMO I
«_-,. OF THE
DaKE of RO
OR, /*«/ ^:tT
A FAITHFUL RELATI^>i
Of the moft Remarkable
Occurrences
In FRANCE;
Especially concerning thofe of the
Reformed Ghurches there.
From the Death of H J^ iV^ r the Great^untill
che Peace made v^ith them, in Jme^ 1629,
TOGETHER
With divers Polkick Difcourfcs upon
Several Occafions.
Written Originally in French^ by
the Duke of Rohan
And now Engliflied by Grorgo Bridges
of LincolnS'Inne , Efq^
Thomas C^/Zw; andare to be fold ac their Shop,
at the Middle-Temple Gate in Fleet-jlreet, i66o»
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ADA^itB,S'
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To the Right Honourable ,
JAMES,
Lord-Marquefs ofOrmondyLord-
Lieutenant o£ Ireland^ 5teward of
His Majefties Houfhold^Knight of the moft
Noble Order of the Garter, and one of His Ma-
jefties moft Honourable Privy Councelj&c.
O pretend an Ignorance of
Your Perfon,which your Loy-
alty, Cthe only Embcllifher
of all other Vertues) hasren-^
dered fo Eminently TFamousf ^
and thence frame an Apologe-
tique Preface^ to u(her in this
Addrefs to Your Lordihip, would be a Crime
greater than the Prefumption, and an unpardo-
nable Offence againft that Goodnefs, which ne-
ver frowned on the meaneft payment of that
Jributc Your Merits juftly challenge from all
A^i Men*
The Epiftle Dedicatory.
Men : 'Tis that , My Lord, which imboldens
uie. Humbly to prefent Your Lordfliip with thi§
Tranflation of a Modern Hiftory, written Ori-
ir^nattj^y the Duke of R o h a n, a Prince,
vvhofe Valour 3 and other Rare Accompliih-
tpcnts 3 not infcriour to th^ moft Eminent of
his time^ had rendered his Reputation as clear, as
great^had they not been uniortunately employed
againft a Party, in which his King was interefled
( Religion it felf having not power fufficient to
Authorize Armes, raifed by Subjects againft
their Soveraign) for one which payed ail hisfer-
vices with Calumny and Detraftion.
But far from me be the prefumption to dired
Your Lordfhips Judgement of his Exploits, ei-
ther in the Camp , or Cabinet -, either of his
Sword, or Pen-, which I was principally induced
p puMifli in our Language, by fome paffages
tending to the Vindication of our late incompa-
rable King, and Martyr, from no lefs falfc, thai?
foule ^fperfions concerning Rochelle^ ( His care
and diligence to order their relief, being here ac-
knowledged by perfons more concerned, than^
pur pretended Propagators of Religion^ the Ro-
ckllers ruine being chiefly occafioi\ed by their
own Inconftancy, refufing to admit thofe fuc-^
fours when come, which they before^ even with
iears implored, and their own inteftine divifions
ind foaions ) with which His Blafphcmous, and
Rebellious SubjeclS3 firft fought to wound His
Fame, that with nior^ fecurity they might im-
The Epiftle Dedicatory .">
6rew th^r Hands in His moft Sacred Blood: And
knowing how zealous an AflertorYour Lordlhip
has alwayes ihewen Your Self, both of His
Rights and Innocence 5 and how indefatigable y
{ though with the hazaini of the deareft Trea-'
fures^ both of Your Life, and Fortune ) Your
Induftry has been, for the reftoring of His Ma-
jefty 3 ( by God's Miraculous Providence now
Reigning over us ) even in thofe times, when
Treafon having ufurped the Throne, Rewards
'and Punifhrnents were with fuch prodigious Im-
piety mifplaced, that Loyalty was daily cracifi-
ed, when Villany was cheriflied^and advanced 5
nor were our very thoughts exempt from the
Tyrant's barbarous Inquifitions •, I could not
more juftly offer it to the Patronage of any ^than
Your Lordftiip 3 together with him, who, with
Your Lord(hips pardon, humbly begs the Ho-
nour to fubfcribe himfelf, -*#
My L0R&5
Tour Lordfhip mojl tiumhkj
And moft obedient Servant^
Geokge Bripges."
y
$
I ' - 1 -\r J \ HK
AUTHORS PREFACE
T O TH E
Co-dvip
HIS Treat! fe prefect's yoii nthh the HU
fioryof three fVars f^flained tn France,
I'ri defence of tl:e Reformed Churches
there; the rxcafionofthefirfi iViVS Bearne;
that of the fconi , the not observing
the Teace made at Montpellier \
and thcit of th^hlrdy ivas the hope tofave Rochelle :
Bnt oHr fws fot^k again fl tis ; for mjtead of profiting ,
i;per^cre hardnedhy the chafiifements (jod fent Hs, In
the two fr ft War s^ the divif on' appeared hut asfcattered
ffarkjy which in the lafi united tq makj a. general confla^
gration^ there being no place^ where Corruption had not
feated itfeify and Avarice excluded Fiety ; fothat in^ >
fie ad of expeBing any overtures f amour enemies-, every
cne prof^hut'd himfef to fell his Religion^ and betrjijhis
CoHntrey : Our Anceflours would have crufh^d fuch chil-
dren tn their Cradles^ had they thought they would have
proved inftruments of ^uine to thofe Churches which they
had planted in the mid'^fl of F Limes ^and cherifhed tn de-
Jpight of Torments';and wh& by their indefatigable pains y
4indperfever.a:^cey had l^ft thsm p^ff^(^o/s of a glorio'^s
oiei
The Author's preface to the Reader:
^epfe : Nor will owr n^ofierity eafily believe themfelvei
dejcendedf)'om[uch 7{^hle Grandfathers^ and. fuch In'*
f^moHS Fathers^ if they look^not higher^ to wit ^ to God^
who raifes^and abates the Courages of men^ according as
hi^ good fleafure is to dif cover his Wonders to his Churchy
in rnifwg it from the dufi 5 when the powers of the world
conceive it buried there ^ and deprejjing it agam^ when
^ride^and an Abufe of his Graces y are the only Prodti^
of them.
And here I jpeak^tojofi Princes yahdCemmorf-wealthsi
-whom God hath honoured with his Knowledge ^ blefi with
his F avQHrs ^advanced to the height of *T>ignity ^and even
fatiatedwtth Riches ; take warningiyHSy and boafi not
jour f elves in the Arme of ftejhy and the great nefs of your
Forces ; in the height of yonr ^rojperlty beware a Fall ;
for then are jqh nearefi danger : UMany of you have
TPith dry Eyesy and letharglque ArmSy been SfeBators &f
vHr Tragedyy without comributlng any thing to our re^
lief; and we our SelveSy have feen the Ships y and Ar-*
wies of others ingr ate fully promoting the rulne of thofcj
who relieved them In their neeeffity : God will not fall to
do his workjwlthoHt yoUywhen the time of our deliverance^,
fhallcome 5 He Is nearer tons In our Adverjltjy thanyofi
ar€ to him in your Frofperlty ^ // we are obliged to Implore
iiis Favour yyoH are much more to prevent his Judgments^
J^et the examples of others be your ImflruBlony and while
it Is yet tlmcy conjider from what f^urce your'^blejf\ngs
"fioWy and give the honour and glory of It to himy to whom
tt Is only due» In the mean time ^prepare your f elves to fee
hereyWlthoHt any dlfguife^the naked truth ofwhatpaf-*
fed jn our late trouble^.
1 have begun this Hlftory at the death of Henry the
Great ; for that during the minority of the King , hU
Sony the M^aximes laldd^wn by the Father y for ihe (jo^
Z'ernment of YrmcQy wre ch<ing'dy m^d the foundation
ef thep^rjecution ofthojeofthe Jieformad Religion laid^
whlck
The Author's Preface to the Reader;
which had like alfo to have proved the fuhverfon of all
Chriftendonie> andgivenitsMoj^^rchytothe koafe of
Auftria.
Heave it to ^ofierttyy to the end^that after my dearh\
the truth of thwgs which I have fee^y may noi: he obf cu-
red^ either by the Fables of Flatterers ^ or the InveHives
ef our ^erfecutors : I have done it^ without any th: lea ft
tiUion<^or PajfioH^ and fhall leave every man his liber tj
to judge of it^as he fhall fleafe^
TH ]^
r.r
It)
^■"3
THE
oires
OF THE
DUKE o£ KOHAN'i
A true Narration of thetnofl: remarkable
Accidents in FRANCE^
from the death of Hc^ry the Great , until tha
peace made with choie of the Reformed
Churches there, in J»»^ 1629,
The firft-Book.
Containing the troubles during the minority
of the King,
Frer the Heath of Henry the Great) every one bc-
g;an to think of his own affairs, the .^Mfftt to eftxj.-
blifh her authority> the chief JKinijlers of State
to maintain their own,, by advancing hers , .as
being the eaCeft to be efFedcd (by reafon of the
abfence of the firft Prince of the blood , the im-
becillity of the fecond> and the m : sunder ft and ing that was bs*
iween the thisd and cbcm:'Jand the other great one»toraifc thcm-^
B felYCfl
i The Memoir es of the Dnke of Rohan. Book I,
Selves from that abj eft condition, the precedent raign had caft
them into. Amid'ft all which, hatreds were frequent , and the
moft lubtlc among them made ufe of the paflion of others to ril-
ine the authority of thofe that eclipfed theirs.
He that received the firft fhock, after the Regency was fettle(i
on the Queen? was the Duke of 5///(y, who by his fervices had ac-
quired the honour of Frmc'ipalCmfident to the former Kingj and
purchafed the ill-will of moft others : For a vcrtue, eminent , as
was his, accompanied vviih the favour of his Matter, is alwayes at-
tended on by envie, a vice as frequent among men, as unworthy
thofe who pretend any profeflion of honour. Many were very
2-ealousfor hisruinejand that for different reafonsj The Chan-
cellor VilleYoy , and the Prefident ^an'm, to confirm their own
po>ver In the government of the State, and take from among them
a Man, whofe exaftneffe in the difcharge of his Offices was their
fhame, fo clear-fightcd to difcern, and fo bold to difcover their
faults; The Count of Soiffons out cf fome particular hatred he
bore him : Tlie MarqueCTe d' Ancre for fear he fhouid nip his bud-
ding fortune; andall the other Grandees, bccaufe they thought
him too good a mannager of the Publick treafure; A nd the Prince
of Con.de when he came to the Court, by the inftigatiou of the
Marflial Bouillon, who bore him an inveterate malice, and drew
<5n the Prince with hopes of confifcatlnghls goods: A powerful mo-
tive to fet that Prince on work.
The chiefeft means they uied to remove him from the helme j
were, to raife a jealoufie in the Queen of the aufterity of his hu-
niouf , who oppofed her in her liberalities ; and to perfwade her,
f hat? having need cf the Popes favour to flrengthen her authori-
ty, fhe c®uld not fufFer one^ of the Reformed Religion, to have
any hand in the Government of the State, Prevalent reafons with
a Princefs, who was a Forraigner little verfed in State matters,
felttius of her authority, and diflrufiful of all fores of people i
But in the end experience difcovered it to be the ruine of the State;
For the Grandees grew up to a height that diminiflied the Royal
power; the Treafuries were drained, the Arfenals ftrangely di-
fperfed, and the comparifon of that miferable condition of France
with that flour ifliing oncjthe Duke of $idly left it in, clearly de-
tnondratcs, how highly prejudicial to the State, was his removal
from his employments in it.
The Marflial BoiiUlo'c^ a man of great courage and underfland--
ihg, able to procure great gC'od, and no leffe mifchief to a Com-
mori-ivealth^ and who had been alwayes curbed by the late King,
iVho was jealous of him, finding himfelf now at liberty, ufes all •
fj!2.r.ne:: of inventionsj to make himrelf thought ufeful, and necef- .
^ fary :
Book I. TheLMcmolresoftheDukefKohl'^, :^
faiy: Thefirftwas to endeavour wholly ro pofTeflc the fpiric o'
the Prince of Condey whofc kinfman he was, and to pci-rAade. him
to become one of the Reformation, by due means to mnkc hin-iiclf
the Chief, and Protcftor of a partyjthac was then very confldcia-
ble; and with fuch indiiflry carrycd he on his Plo.tSj that the Qi^etn
conceived great rufpitions of him; and therefore to divert this
blowjfoughtafter him, who asfooneas he had made h!s conditi-
ons with her, effaces the defires he had infufed into the P, ince, tot
imitate the vcrtuous aftions of liis Anceftors; ihewirg him the
thorncs were in the way to honour, the perils, hardfhlps and ad-
verfe accidents are met withal, in the purfuit of it ; In fhort , the
mifery and poverty that accompany it, which proved moil: cffcfluT
all reafons to diflwade him from a dcfigne fo contrary to hiS
haturc.
The Dwke o^Rdban. in the mean time, who was Colonel of the
Stvif^rs, was commanded away to the fiege of 5F'^ //i^'^S ta!a"n|z;
with him a Regiment of the Srvh^ers, and havine, the command of
the French Army In the abfcnce of the Marfhal ds la Ch,ifiic, who
was the Lieutenant General. At his return from .this cxpedirloPr
he finds how cruelly they opprefle his Father-in-Law the Duke of
Sully J and thatj after they had taken from him the Bjfiillej to dl-
fpofeofthe treafurein it 5 and his command of zhc Finances, to
rob France with fuller liberty, they were now refolved upon his ut-
ter deflru(?don, fo to deprive him of all means to rcfent fuch iBdlg-
nities ; But feeing that it v/as beyond their skill by any ordinary
waycs to blemlfh the admiiaiflration of any of his Offices, the
Marlhal JB<;zii//(7«, who had infedcd the Prince o^ Co:iid^', and the.
Count of Soijfoits with the fame raalitious intention? contivcd
this defigne for his ruine, ^'/\. to procure a General AlTembly of
thofe of the Religion, which was granted to be held at Chaficlle-
raiU on the five and twentieth of May, in the year x 61 1, in which
hepromlfcdhimfelf power enough to caiife the Duke of Sully to
be entirely abandoned J fo that without any fenr of ihofe of the
Religion} he might be arraigned before Commifiioncrs Impowercd
for his trial; and moreover, that by his induflry he fhoiild fo or-
der the Afrembly,and all the affairs of the Reformed paitv,ihat nz
{hould make himfelf the only man confiderable : To bring this
Projeft to paflfe, he valles It with a pretence of much aff.ftion to
thofe of the Reformation, and large promlfes of an Am^l'oratiofi
in their affairs; and communicates it to the Marfiial de 1-efdi-
git'ieres^ and BiiVleJJis Mornay in particular, by Bcllagcoii an atten-
dant of Lefdiguicres, who when he bad been with them, rcturncs
with thefe foUov/lng Inftru(^ions from. D« ricjji!,
' . B 3 l.Tha?
4 The Memo'ires of the Dttkf of RohanJ Book.L
1. That the Provinces be exhorted to choofe for Deputiesj the
bed qualified and mofl fufficient perfons.
2. That befides thofe) others of eminency among them, be al-
fo defired by letters to that purpofe to be there.
J. That the Deputies may have power to adhere to the plurali-
ty of voices, and that the Aflcmbly be not dlflolved, till they
have.reeeivedfull fatisfadion.
4. That the demands of the Provinces be all fefunded exprefly,
or upon confequences deduced from the former Edids and
Conceffions.
5. Amongft others, that the Edlft of , l^antes be revived again,
and obferved as it was made with us, but iince abridged in
many things without us,
€. That our Grants for the places of fecurity be made good ro
us> and the entire number of the Garrifons rcftored usj half
of wh Ich have been wrefted from us.
f. That the places we have loftj either by theGovcrnors change
of their Religion, or otherwife, be alfo given back to us.
5- That all the. places of fecurity be continued to us for ten
years at leaft, and that they be paid quarterly, fully, and up-
on the place J and that no money be upon any pretence whac-
foever, removed from the places of receipt, till the faid quar-
ter be fati^fied.
^. That it may regularly be obtained alfo, and had for provifi-
onsfor vacantGovernments,confidering the abufeswhich arej
and maybe there committed, to the prejudice of our fafety,
Xo. That we may be permitted to repair and fortlfi: all fuck
places,as time has thrown into decay , and which for waBC
of reparations will become wholly unufeful to us : And that
Complaint be made, that under pretence of thefe Govern,
ments, we are refufed all other Offices and Dignltics,con-
trary to the ex|>re{le Article of the Edirt.
II, That no refignations of fuch places of fecurity be allowed
of without the confent of the Churches, which arc therein
■ mod: concerned : The like alfo for Prefidents , and Coun-
fellors of the Chambers.
1 1. That we may haVe free liberty as before, to compofe, printj
fell, and difperfc all manner of books concerning cur Do-
ctrin';.
13. That if there be any Town, whofe place for the exercife of
their Religion is too remote from it, the King be petitioned
fo grant one nearer, that being under the eye of the Magi-
Urates , they may bs iefl'e fubjed to the infolency of the
Fecplco
14. That
Book L The {JHemoires of thfBhkf of Kohzn. 5
14. That the Article concerning burying-places, which makc^
way for fo many Barbarifms, may be reformed.
Ij, That the Penfions allowed the Churches, confidering the
great number of ihemjmay be augmented.
16. That the Jefuites may not have any refidcnce in outplaces
offecurity.
17. That thofe Preachers and Frlersa who teachjthat all thofc
who communicate with thofe of the Reformed Religion, or
that ieive and aflift them, are damned, may be puniflicd,
asfeditious difturbers of the publick peace, an4 infringers
of the Edidsjby which their Majefties have publilhed their
intentions} to reunite the affeftions of their people.
18. That we may be allowed two Maflers of requeft, to be paid
bythe King? for the fiift time, and one Notary in every
Parliament, or at leaft in the places of fecurity, and to be
p^yedby us.
19. That fome place of fecurity be demanded? as well in the
Provinces where there are none a as where there arc
many of the Religion. But that it be referred to the pru-
dence of the Affembly, to coafider haw far this demand be
prefTed.
to. That we may have a Grant for a General Aflembly to be
held every two years, for the renewing of our Deputies Ge-
neral.
> 21. That itbcexprefly fpecified,that we may have two Depu-
ties General in Ordinary at Court at the Kings charges,
but to be nominated by the Aflembly.
11, That the Provincial Deputies may addrefTe themfelvcs to
the Deputies General v/ithout any previous applications 10
be made to the G.oyernours of the Provinces.
Thefe I'ftrudions were fent abroad among the Provincesju h^re
every one u-'cording to the extent of his power , and credit got
them received? and refolyed on. The aimes of thefe Gei>tlemen.
wei-e diverfe 5 that of T>ii VUjJls was fincere , that of the Marfhal
Lrfd}guiercs fas the whole courfe of his life hai difcovered) tend-
ed only to his own incereft ; as alfo that of the Marfhal- Be'u''Uo?h
who made ufe of the power of others to convert all to his own
advantage : For having filled the Provinces with hopes of better-
ing their conditicm and made them enter into moft flrift rcfolutl-
oos for that endjdifcovers all at Courtjfhews them loViUrrcy^ and
to the ^mbafladors of England and Holland, to whom he alfo pre-
tended much 2,eal for the Reformed Religion: And after this takes
^ journey to Sedanyih^i hs might ;he better give the Court leifu^e.
6 Th^ {JVtemolres of the T>tike ^f Rohan.' Book !<,
tofofter fsarsof the ifllie of this x^flembly, and finde out meanes
to render it incffwdual : His defires in this met a vvifhed fuccefs •
for ac hii return he treated fully with i^iil^t/o;' , and havinc^ made
hiscondir.ons for the Government of Vdi6loic, worth three hun-
dred tboufar-d Livers, either for himfelf, or to be difpofed of as
he iliouidofder 5 and a hundred thoufand Livers augmentation
u^cnth'2 Taxes of the common people, which by his appointmenc
were d fpofcd to fcvcral particular perfons : he promifes to chancre
all the refolutionsofthe Aflembly 5 andgiveit fuchan iflue, as,
ihoLild highly conrent the Queen , which he confirmed by an irre-
f.a£;abIv:Tcftiiaony j for revifiting the aforefaid Embafladours,
and parricularly ^irjcna^ he begins a difcourfe concerning thofe
of theRcfoimation, quite contrary to his former before his Voy-
age to Sf^iZ?z , v'lT^. That during the Kings Minority they were
b^ct<:r entertain a little patience, than thoughts of bettering their
e-ondirion, and by tharmeans juftly purchafe the Kings favour,
that for his pai t he went to the- AiTembly with thoughts tending
or,ly CO peace^ and wholly bent to endeavour a rubmiflionof all to
the pleafure of the Court. This much aftonifhed Arflns , who
conceived now that his compofition was made, which he diflfcm-
blcd net at all to his friends : When he had made this progrefs,
hib favourites 3 ad creatures feconded it with difcourfes of the fame
nature, the better at a diflance t® difpofe the people to a compli-
ance with his d-;^f?res : Andbecaufe Chaftclleraut was within the
Government of the Duke o^SuUy, whofe mine he thirfted after,he
caufcd the Afiembly to adjourn from thence to Saumure, the gover-
rnentofD^P'f/f/y-, that he might the more oblige him to a con-
junction with him.
■ Befoi-e the Scflion of the Afifembly, he informs Dii Vleffis by
feveral perfons of quality that he would not be Prc/ident of it 5
that chough they elcfted him, yet would he not accept of the
charb^e, andthat it washis defire, he fliould impart this his re-
folutiontoall hefhouldfce^ for that he thought it vciy impro-
per for any of the great ones to undertake it. This extreameJy
pleafed them all , cfpccially the Dukes o^ Rohan, and SuUy , uho
now cafl their eyes upon Bu Vlcffls ^ and alTured him that they
would carry it for him : But the Marfhal Bouillon:, coming the
iaflofa'A , and after they had waited for him a day beyond the
time prefixed, ( though not without much murmuring^, for that
his rnifchlcvous dciigncs began now to be difcovcrcd j vifits Da
Tljfjls, and tells nirn, that notwichflanding what had been faid
concerning the PrclldenciTiip , lie now defired their nominationj
for tha-' he knew the Duke of Su^y had with much boafling chrea-
ic'iKd to prevent hinj. of it ^ thac i: was a thin^ that his- many fer-
^ vices
Boolk i. 7fe Kjllemoires of the Duke of Rohan. 7
vices to the Party had merited of them ; and that in cafe they r^-
ifufed him the honour ^ he would be gone the next moiiting:_j
This change of his minde wrought no alteration at all in the re-
folutlons of the Dukes, who found the greateft part of the Provin-
ces difpofed to their inclinations; fo that whatever fult or parties,
the Marfhal Bouillon, could make, he had the voices but of fix'
Provinces, and Dit, Plcjfls often; who when he took his placcj
had Chamicr a Minifter, chofenforhis afljflant, znd Desbordes
Mercier for Secretary. This eledion fo settled De Bowllon.^xh^t
returning to his Lodging he brake forth into words of difguft, and
threats of vengeance againft all thofe that had hindred him of
the Prefidentfhip ; finding well by this Eflayt that he was now'
like tofaileof allhe had premifcd himfelf from the Aflfembly i*
However, obliged both by prudence, and the importunate folli-
citations of thofe that were equally friends to them both, he recon- "
died himfelf to the Duke oi Sully, whom he had before declared
to be his greateft enemy.
The firft thing the AfTembly took Into their consideration, was^
the diforder committed at ChaUiUon^ contrary to the exprefs Or-^C
dersoftheMarflial Bouillofi and the Sieur Frere Commlflioners
appointed by the King for that particular affaire , for which the
Marfhal pretended fo high a difpleafure, that having difpatch'd
thither ^eauchamp , one of his Gentlemen^ to enquire into the
truth of the matter, he declared as his opinion, chat it was fit
the Aflembly fhouldchoofeS^«<^ for their Deputy, to be fent to
the Court with full inftrudions 5 and a ftrift charge to declare.
That they would not treat of any thin^ with the Kings Commlfl]-
oners, before reparation were made for that wrong: But that
violent heat quickly abated; for he prefently excufed himfelf
from mcdling any further in ^it,? becaufe his CcmmifliQn was
expired.
After this the Kings Commiflioners had audience, who In all
their djfcourfes pretended,that the prefervation of thofe of the Re-
formed Religion was involved with, and neceflary to that of the
State , affuring them of their Majefties favour, that they would
graciou fly receive all their Remonfirances and Petitions, caufe
their Edifts and Conceflions to be obferved 5 put thofe that ha4.
hitherto been neglefted, in execution ; and Imerpret ro their ad-
vantage, what wasobfcure in them. Andlaftly, That they left ic
to the choice of the AfTembly , either to put their Papers into
their hands, or fend them to the Court, protefling, that which
way foever they took, they {liould have a quick and favourable
difpatch.
From thefe fair promlfes fprung' no lefs fair 'hopcs^ and ac?-
B4. cording
^' g The LMemolres of the Vftkf d>/ Rohan. Book J.
^crding to the inftruftlons of the Provinces , were their papers
'Prepared j the Ma.: (hal Bouillon not oppofing one Articlejhaving
fceenthe Authol: of thofePropofitionSj which were put into the
>Kands6f Lttfign'^ny Aubigny, and the other Deputies to exhibitc
the principal points of them to the Kings Coram iflloners, whojaf-
lerfome debate declared) that they had not power to determine
any chins; concerning them : ' Bnt going to the Aflembly , advjfed
them tomal'C their't;ddreiresby Deputie«to the King, to whom
they would do them all good Offices 5 which was" concluded on.
At the elefiion of the IXeputieSjthere happened a great ftirre , oc-
ca/ioncd by the oppofition of contrary fadlons, which made the
Afteinbly refolye not to 4fav/ up their Inftruftions and Commifli-
ons, before theimoniinacion 5 that fo they might either inlarge
or reftraine them according to the conditions of the perfons cho-
fen, whowercl-^z Cafe,' Court aumer , Serlrier theMlnifter, Ml-
vande and Armet^ who had no power to conclude' any thing,
but only to debate (he proportions ; and having explained them y
to give an account of all to the Aflenably, who would return them
their refolutions thereupon : This reftriftion pleafed not all the
Deputies, much lefs the Marflial Bouillo^jwho now plainly percei-
ved, that h's defign was broken.
While they were preparing their papers J there fell out two
pirtic'ular things VvOrth y the obfei ving. The firfl: was on the feve-
t z\ oppoGz'.on^ the M:n:{ha\ Boit'MoTt made to an Article j which
theDuke'of Sully as earntftly prefled , T'i^. That the Aflembly
Should intcrefs themfelves in hiscaufe , for that they endeavoured
to deprive him of his offiresfor no other caufe? but of his Religi-
on, in which the Mai:flial proceeded fofarre, as an attempt to
ma' c the Ton renounce his Obligations to his Father-in-tawjwIiIcK
lie violently purfued; efpecially one time going to vifit hini beiiag
ficW, tellinghimthatit wasimDoflible 5 but that in the admini-
flration of thofc great charges he had boi ne, efpecially in thajr of
the Finances , when he was Cdmpcroler oftheExcheq,uer, there
fhould be found fome faults committed; thoughnPtb.y him , yet
by his Officers and Servants ; and that if the King fTiould iflue out
a Commiffion to examine his actions, neirher the •>frcmbly, nor
any other of the Reformed Religion ought to be offended at it;
no, though the Commiflioners /hpuld do him wrong, fince it
would be by the ordinary wayes of Juftice that he received itjacd
that he thought the Duke of Rohyn fo honefl; a man^ja true French
rnfan,' and (b great a 'friend to peace, that he would be nothing
moved at it. This fpeech was but ill-received, and no better an-
fwered by the Duke? who told him, that the Duke oi Sully* s irn-
pcriint fervices deferved a better rccorr.pe.ice;, ihsn to be cxpofed,
.'"■ '-^' '■ ■ ' '' ■ • ' '" - " i" ' • " »s
Book I. The Memories (tf the Duke efKohzn, 9
as a prey to thofe that had dlfferved the Statcj that his anions in
difchargc of his Offices? free from all corruption > and mifdc-
meanour> could not, by reafon ot his qualitie ? be inquired into,
but by a Court of Peers j and that if he were otherwife dealt
ivithal, ail his kindred, and efpecially he,his Ton in Law, with all
their friends, would engage in his caufe, fo that after feveral Se&
fiocs, the A flembjy proceeding to a determination of that Arti-
clcV fo much urged by the Provinces alfo, advifed the Duke of
^uUy not to accept of money in lieu of his Offices, and efpecially,
not to quit that of Grand Mafter of the Artillery, promifing with"
al> that if for that end they ihould ufe a^y undue, unlauful, and
extraordinary procedures againfthim, they would publickly De-
clare that they looked on the Duke of Sully's, as the fame with
the general intereft of the Churches? and of Juftice; aud that
therefore they were rcfolved by all juft and lawful means to aflift
(lim : Andofthisihe Peputies general had an exprefs charge
given them in their inftruftions.
The other was concerning Berticheresy one of the Deputies
{or the iowci: Langnedoc , a Gentleman of quality , and of good
parts? who in the raign of the late King , who was difpleafed at
nlm? byreafonof hisprafticeS) and intelligence with the Confta-
blc Mpntmorency Governour of that Province, was fome what un-
handfomely turn*douc ot his governments of Sommieresy and ^i^
guemortiS I to which having in vaine fought to be rcftored, he
conceived this a favourable opportunity to make the Affcmbly em-
brace his caufe, for that they were both places of fecurityj and,
though they were in the bands of Gentlemen of the fameReligionj,
yet he prefumcd they were perCons,that had not given fo great Tc-
f^imoniesof their zealc for the good of the Churches, as he had
done J ar]^d that though he had been conftrained to aec^|)t of a re-
compence for his Command, yet was it only for that of Smfniers;
biiztox ^igitemoites he never received any thing; and that fincc
his fervices to their party had drawn upon him this prejudice , it
\N'a« but reafon that they fhould own the Juflice of his Caufe:
And forafmuch as he had brought with him Writings to vcrific
what he alledged> he rnoved the AfTembly to appoint Commiflio-
ners to examine them, and naake their report to them , that they
riiight confider of them.
It is to be obferved that this Bertkheres made a great profef-
fionof friendfliip to theDuke of S«/i[>', who had done him many
good Offtces to the late King, fo thathe defired fome of his chief-
eft friends for CommifTioners, who made fo favourable a report
of bis bufinefs to the AfTembly, that In fpight of the oppofition
inadc by the Duke o( Boitillm, who fiood for Armbmcsj, to v. hot^^
15: ^' / " '. ' the
I o The tjirtewalres of the Duke ^f Rohan . Book I.
.-he Government of ^i^^/^orfef was given, it was fo well recelTed
by the Aflcmbly, that the Deputies lefiding at the Court, were
commanded to ufe all diligence in his behalf, it being a thing of
fi^ensralconcernmentj and of great confcquence. When he had
obtained this, he goes to the Court, where he fleers a new courre>
^nd to arrive at his aimes, promifesmofl: powerfully to affift the
Court-party, upheld by the Duke o^ Bouillon., in the A{rembly,and
fey tills means got a quick and fatisfaftorydlfpatch for his re-entry
into Aignemortes : Moreover in this journey he made the Confta-
hle his friend, who embraced his caufe with the fame fervour, as If
'^ had been his own proper concernment , and then returned to the
AiTcmbly : Tiie iilae of this affair fliall be fecn in it* proper place i
But lee us no/v return to the general affairs.
When the Deputies of the Affembly were come to the Court,
their firfl difpatch thence brought news of their fair reception? e-
ipcciallyby the C?ucen, ( who commanded them to put their pa-
pers into the hands ofBa'jjJfc, and BiMiom.) Counfellors of State )
and of the favourable anfwers they had at f:veral audiences recei-
ved from the Council : But this was foon clouded by another
mrlfagc from them quite contrary to the former, which informed
the Aflembly, that the pronalfe to have their Propofitions anfvver-
ed, and returned int® their hands, was now interpreted to be after
the nomination ofthe Deputies general, and dlfTolutlon of the
Affembly : This highly difpleafed them who had already di vul-
ged among the Provinces, the good hopes they conceived from the
firtt Inrelligence the Deputies gave them : But, forafmuch as i%
was a thing contrary to the ufe and cuflome of the Kings Council?
in affiires of ail forts to fend back the Deputies unanfwercd^ and
that in all their difcourfcs with them there was no mention of any
fuch condkicns, the Affembly linanlmouHy refolveaot todlflblve
before thev had received an anfwer tO' their Articles ; which the
Mirflial Bouillo'ri fecm'd to approve of , and promifed his Uf-
moll: affiftince to procure them a handibme returne concern-
ing it.
But there was a great difference between the Letter, he fhewed
the Affembly, and that which he fent away, which intimated his
opinion, that'^leait feme of them fhould (ee the anfwers to their
Propofitions before their diflblutlon: But the afhduous endeavors
of the Deputies proving ineffeftual , they returned to Saunmrc ^
where Fr/*/'if>* in the nameof allthe rcfl, made a relation of the
particularsof their whole voyage, by which they perceived thac
Bullion was coming after with their Propofitions anfwered j but
that before his arrival their Majefiies deiired the Deputies general
Slight be nominated ; which notwlLbflandine was fuA^iended.
Book I. The LMemoires of the Dnke of Rohatl. 1 1
When Bullion came, he confirmed what the Deputies had re-
portedjprotefted to many upon his damnationjthat thePropofitions
were moft favourably anfwered s terrifies fomc with threatsjwhiies
he fills others with hopes 5 and to encrcafc both their feares, and
hopes, he fhcws the Patents he brought with him for the augmen-
ting the penfions of "^arahere, and others, ^ and the Orders to can-
cel thofe of the Dukes oi Rohan and Soubi^^e, The Marfhal BotVl-
Ion. for his pare, employes all his Act to winnc the Deputies of the
Aflembly by h®pes of a general deputation, and by the power he
had todifpofeof theTax impofedupon the common people now
raifcd to an hundred thoufand Livers more, the better to enable
him to corrupt more men : The rcfolution alfo of the Aflembly to
fend new petitions to their Majefties, that they might receive
their anfwers before they diflblved, gave him an opportunity to
play the notable Polititian: For though there was a very good
jLinderflanding between the Marfhal Bo«.'Afo;? and Bullion, yet pre-
tended they a difference in their opinions ', the one afluringthem,
that it would be but lofl labour to importune the Court any more ;
the other encouraging them to it with promifes of good fucceffe ;
but his chief deiign was to weary feme v/ith delayes, that he might
have the better opportunity to draw others to his party j and in
the mean time covered all his projeds with a pretence of zeale ,
that the fimpler fort having lefs fufpicion of him, might the more
eafily be imrapped : But falling in this attempt, he refolvcd with
Bullion and his friends, to perfwade their Ma jcflies to write a let-
ter (of which he f'ent them a draught ) peremptorily comman-
ding the Alfembly to diflolvc, revoking the Licence granted for
their meeting, and declaring null all their pafl or future Ads :
And forafmuch as their Majeflies were informed, that all the Dc
■ puties did not agree in this obflinacy and difobedience, they com-
manded thofe Deputies that would obey to proceed amomg ihem-
felvesto the eleftion of fix Deputies, who fhould receive from the
hands of B///^io» the propofitions v/ith their anfwers ; which Let-
ter was to be brought by one, that knew well enough how to play
his Game. Bellngcon- thcM:iTCA2i[l-efd''giiieres his Agent, was
made choice of for this employment, a fit Inflrument to execute
fuch a Commifiion, being a crafty fellow, void both of honor and
honcfly, whofe fubtle pate was alwayes bufied about things condu-
cing cnlv to his own advantage.
Before he be2;an this goodly journey, he takes his leave of
the Affembly, falfly pretending, it was oh! y to fee his friends and
klnrcd in Bmy , and then goes out of the Town upon an ordina-
ry Hackny, but foon after takes poft : which being certified to the
iiifcmbiy^ aS alfo his treacherciis pradices at Far is j together
with
^^ The (JHemoires of the Duhe ^/ Rohan. Book I^
.«»ith the calumnies he afpcrfecl the Duke o^Rohan, and his friends
. withalj he wav by thera declared unworthy to be re-admitted to
this, and for the future to any other Affembly : But forafmuch
as he had the honour of being a fervant to the Marflial Lefdigtd^
<ef€Sy theyrcferrcdhisfu ther doom to him. This ccnfure infi-
nitely vexed the Marfhal Bo/i.'tfo/z , who employed all the power
he had to get it revoked, declaring that it was by his command
that he had undertaken this journey, but all in vainj which fo in-
cenfsd him a«yainn: the Duke of Rohan, that they forbore to fpeak
one to the other for a long time after.
It WIS not lon^ before the effcrfts of this voyage were feen j
for the Letter fo: their diflolution contrived at Sajmurt , but di-
fpatched from the Court, came, and fpon after Bei7«geo,'Z, who de-
clared that rhcy fiiould now receive full fatisfaftion: But when
the Mirfliil Boit'llon went up to the Caftle, and (hewed the Let-
ter to D« VleJJisy and L^ ForcCy endeavouring to gain their appro-
bation of it, and the concents of it were fully underflood by them,
then were they filled with amazement and difplcafurc ; which
BtMon perceiving, he thought it convenient that DUr P/f/^jfhould
impart the fubftance of itjtofuch of the Alfembly as he thought
fir, that together they might contrive fome means to eompofe all
difTercnces. Bi^U'foi alfo promifes to deferrc the delivery of the
Letter, out of a fcemlng defire to feek out fome way for an acco-
modation J and to that end dsfires a conference with T>u. Vkffts y
which being yielded unto, after fome difcourfe, they agreed that
in cafe they fh:)uld proceed to a nomination of fix D^^purics , and
reft fatisfied with the anfwers were given them, he (although he
had no Commlftion for it) (hould undertake to procure them fatif-
faAion from their Majefties upon the foure or five principal Arti-
cles, as, concerning the Chamber of Edids at P^ir^ , Provifion
for Vacant places, the payment of the remaining part of Nine
fcore thoufand Crowns, and the reftoring of thofe places of fecu-
rity were taken from us ; arid all this to be done before the diflblu-
lionofthe Alfembly; to which as P/^ VUjfn was ready to make
his report of this conference , Bullion, fent him word,that he was in-
formed, and that by very good intelilgence, that there were fome,
who intended to take advantage of his difcourfesthe day before ;
wherefore he retraced them, and defired he might be permit-
ted to gointo the Aflembly to have the ^^enes Letter read,
and difcharge his duty to the Conjmands he had received from
Her.
This fudden change clearly difcovercd, that the end of this con-
£crcnee was only to amufe the honeft party in theAfiembly, the
|j£tter to furpriste thera before i^iiy thing was agreed odj. or tha'j
' ■ ' ' ■ • they
feook I. TheMemfflresoftheDnkjofKohin, i^
they were prepared for what they were to do , either in order lo
their diflblutiojijor the Deputation, and cheat them of the thanks
and benefit of their pal3»s: But both Eoiillion. and BuUlcji too>
were not a little difmayed when they faw > that when uj^on the
reading ohhzhtiiti Benicheres rofeupj and fald. That for his
partjhe would obey? and that it was fit that thofe that were of his
opinion fliould likewife declare ther&Ielvesj all of them with one
Tolcc cryed out, that they were more refolved upon obedience
than he , but that the bufinefle (hould be further difctiiffed,
when the Commiflioner was withdrawn , which was accordingly
iionc.
But here it \s tobe obfer?ed, that notice being taken of the con-
fultations which were commonly held night and day in the Mar-
fhal lBo'iiition*s Lodgings, by five and twenty of the Aflerablj?
( which were all he could draw to a confederacy with himj where
Bullion alfo was often prefent, the refl of the Aflembly , to the
number offiftyj with one confent conceived it fitter to yield tp
the necefTity of the tiraesj than to make a divifion, which w«u!d
inevitably force them to accept for Deputies generaJaperfcns whol-
ly devoted to the Court fa<Rionjand that they were better feek out
fome other way to redrcfs their evils.
TheMarflialBo/^/7/o» perceiving that the refolutions taken
iip by his ^ntagonifisy had fruftrated his hopes of procuring fome
Creatures ofhis own to be chofen Deputies general, makes his
applications by P/o;ry3 to the Duke of Rohan, for his confent to
the refioring againe of Belli/gcofty and fharing the Deputation ge-
neral between them two : In which the Duke of Sully alfo intcref-
fcd himfelfj andfo farre prevailed with the Duke of Kohan, that
he caufedan interview between them at his Lodgings, where the
Marflial entreated him to abate his rigour towards Belliigecfiy which
hepromifedhim todo: But as for fiiaring the Deputation, he
was fo averfe from the very mention of it , that at the meeting on
the day appointed for their cledion, the Duke of 5////y openly-
blamed him for his obftinacyj telling him that he would ruine aU
by his wilful nefs: But t^eiiTuedifcovered the contrary: For ha-
ving affured himfelf of ten Provinces, he makes them agree to e-
led the fixDeputies thatfhould be nominated by the Minifters of
thofe provinces J which fucccedcd according as he had defigned
it J for not one of thofe the Marflial would have promoted ( to
his extream difcontent) were fo much as named. Thofe that were
chofen, were Monthrun, Bcrihcville^and Rouvray for the Nobili-
ty j and Af.73'rt/^, hoijj'eul, znd Mi lie ti ere, for theCommunal-
^ : As for hellugcoTt} though the Duke cf Rohan no more oppo-
Kdhim? yet was there much difficulty to revoke his ccnfure > ma>
tif
1 4 The C\femolres efthe Duke ^/Rohan. Book L
ny rimes was it debated 5 it length, when a good part of the A f-
fembly were rifen, thofe that remained, razed it out of their Re-
cords .* The Regulations for the AfTembly were figned alfo , but
theMarflial encred aProteftation under his hand and fealjnot to ac-
knowledge the Minifters for a third eftate, or order.
And hence fprang the Original of all our mifchiefs and divifi-
onsj For the Marllial takes his journey to the Court, to receive
ia recompence for hisfervices, and revenge hlmfelf upon ail thofe
that had oppofed his defigns, principally the Duke of Kohan^ who
feared him leaft, and had withftood him moft of any ; wherefore
he layes a plot to out him of his Town of Saint John d' An^elyy of
which he was Governour, and place therein i-^ Koche-bcaucowy-t
the King's Lieutenant in his roomc^alledgingj that if he were once
deprived of that retreat, he would be unable to attempt any thinn.:
On the other fide, the Duke of Kohariy and his brother, at a Ccn-
fultation held at Sanmiire before their departure thence, with thofe
rhat were of their opinion,concluded that every one of them fhould
give their refpeftivc Provinces an account of what had pafled, and
inftigatc them by particular Deputies to the Court, to make new
Remonflrances of their aggrievances, which they fo happily per-
formed, that in fpight of the contradlftions of the Commifnoners
appointed for the execution of the Edid, the years following there
came to Varis Deputies from twelve Provjncej.
In the mean while the Duke of Kohan goes to divert himfelf at
his houfes in '^ritan^, and fo to the Aflembly of Eflates of that
Province ; At his return from thence he v;as informed of the con-
fpiracics laid at Saint^ohns in prejudice of his authority; to di-
fcover which, and alfo to apply convenient preventions , he fends
th\th.<^vHauUe FontainCj^^om whom receiving advice of the neceffity
ofhisprefence, he hafts thither with all fpeed , and as he pafled
through Vo'Mdih gave his friends intelligence of all, and fent Lou-
dricre to Kochel.
His unexpeded arrival much daunted his enemies, who never-
thelcfle fent for Koch-kanco'irt to come fpeedily to their relief; but
the Duke of Kohan's friends, flocking in every moment, grew to
fuch a number, ?s that Rocbe-bcaucourt durll not ftir, but cemen-
ted himfelf with giving the Court an account of what palled :
Upon which information the King difpatches away La Tmtam to
the Duke, in appearance to know what was the matter, but in ef-
fed to confirni by letters, and encourage the Vanifam of Roche-
^f.T/iCU'??, which 'the Duke, having treated him nobly, learnt out
of L:i Fontaine, whom he returned^vith a faithful promife to waic
upon their Majeflies, with a free account of all his anions, upon
their fi:il commands, which withisa few dayes after he iQct'iyz^\
An4
Book I, The Memoir es of the Duke of ^ohTiVi. i^ '
And prefentlyfetsforward to the Court, taking with him, amoog
Qi\itiSy'RQche-beaiicoHn, and F^wc^w/f, whom he greatly fufpcfted;
and leaving ici Saint Jo^?^Hfl///r£Fo??f^i«f with all neceffary Or-
ders and Inftruftions, that at his return, he might not finde his own
gates fhutagainft him. Being arrived at Court, he fhewed the
Queen by feveral inftances, that he had behaved himfdf like an
honeft man at the AfTcmbly of Saumure, and that he had oppofed
the MarflialBo/iitej for that he knewjthat he took part with thofe
of the Reformed Religion, for no other end, but to advance his
own Interefts, and render himfelf morcconfiderable both of the
one fide, and the other, and that had he compafl'cd hisdefignesj,
fhe would have been the firft would have felt the cftcds of his ar-
rogance ; But there were no eares open to his juftification, ( k
being the conftant humour of Princes not eafily to be reafoncd
out ofopinions,they have been prepofTeiTcd v/ithal^ fo tliat feeing
the time for the Eledion of a new Major for the Town of Sdh::
^ohfi drew near , and that his abode at Court was to no purpofe,
he pretended that his brother was fick,upcn which having got leave
to be gone, he took poft that very night; which fell out well for
him y For the Marfhal Bouillofi. having notice the next day of his
departure, was very earneft to have him purfiied, and brought
back again s but he made fuch hafle, as it was impcflible lo over^-
takehira.
Ashe pafled by P^'/f in the lower P(3.'c?o//, he tock Soubi-^c a-
long with him, advertifcd his friends in Vo-^oii' of what had hap-
pen'ed, and went to Sainf^ohriy whither Voucau-lt i a Captain of
the Garrifon, whom he had taken with him to Varis , being fenc
away from the Court, was come before him, and had fecretly af-
fembled the Major and fome others of that Cabcily to out the
Duke of the Government, and for that end offered them two thou-
fandmen; which the Duke having notice of, prefently upoa his
arrival at i'^i/^^Jo^^^, he commanded ToncaUrlt^ who was then a-
bout three or four leagues thence, to return thither no more, and
at the fame inftant fent away T^enis to their Ma ji:fties , to informe
themof the juflcaufe he had, not to allow the faid Fo;;ri7,7,'; any
inore acceffe to Sa'uu ^ohn.
The time for the Ele(5tion of the Major being at hand, which
is alwaves the Sunday before V^il'rne Sunday^ comes CUvcrie from
theCourt with an cxprefs,which fignifiedjthat by reafon of the divi-
sions of the Townjit was the Kings pleafurejfor the repofc ot ir,and.
theavoidingof factions there, that the old Major fhouid be con-
tinued, and that this precedent rhould not for the future any way
impair the Pi iviledgcs of the Town ; whereupon the Duke of ^y-
h.vi rcmonfl rates toil is Maje fly, h-iw that he was mif-inioimcd of
the
^6 The .l/emotresoftheDH^eof'^ohm. Book t.'
fhc condition of the Town, and of what coftfequencc It was j both
to his fervicc, and the publick peace, that, according to their an-
cient cuftome 5 they (hould proceed to Eleftion of a new Major,
hoping that this would be affented to? and for that reafon fent his
Secretary with this letter to the Court.
Now the Marfhall Boiiilicn. rightly imagining, that the Duke of
'Rohm\NQ\x\^ oppofe the continuation of the old Major, as a thing
highly prejudicial to hirti, engaged the Royal authority in it to
the uttermoftj that fb he might either ruine him by his voluntary
fubmifliori, or by obliging the King to force him to a complyancej
So that two dayes after the arrival of Claverie comes S:imt MorCy
a younger brother of Merit au':;jeri and brother in law to Koch-beaii-
cottrt with another, and flrider exprelTe to the fame purpofe .* But
the Duke of Kohm knowing, that his own ruirie would aflliredly
be the coiifcquehcc of the lofTe of Sai?U foh/t, conceived it
l^afl: dangerous for him to fccure the Tbwnj and feared not to re-
fufe all thofe Orders as prejudicial to the King's fervicc, and to
proceed to the EIe(ftion of a new iMajor, according to the ufual
cuftome of the Town, out of three of the Corporation , whofe
names were fcrit by Deputies, conftituted for that purpoTe, to his
Majcfty, to make choice of wl^ich of them he pleafed ; and for
the fecurity of the place, the keys were, in the interim, put into
the hands of thefirft Alderman.
The report of thefe things caufed a great buflle at Court j
Temy and Onglepied^ whom the Duke fonie few dayes before, had!
fent thither, were committed prifoners to the Eaftille; his mother,
wife, and fifterswcreforbid togo outofP^^rW j and Propofitions
were alfo made of drawing down an Army to befiege him 5 Oii
the otherfide the Duke, well knowing the power of his enemies at
Court, and that he was to exped a violent perfecution from them,
took great care to make all thofe of the Reformed Religion in
France fen/ible, that the hatred conceived againft him, was occa-
fioned only by the refolution and conftancy he had fhewed to the
good of their affairsj thathis^and the lofTe of St.J-ohn.^ would dravv
after them their deftrutflion alfo J that if their adverfarics found
this eafily accomtjlivhable, they would not ftop theircourfe in fo
fair a roade ; and then prepares himfelf the beft he could to make
si brave refiibnce. But at length when all things were more ma-
turely deliberated , the King's Council thought fitter to commit
this bufincfle to a Treaty, and Thernmcs was fent to the Duke to
determinate the diff-erence in a peaceabje way : The refult of his
lirgotiation was, That, for eight dayes the Keyes of the Town
fhouldbe left in the hands of the old Major, that they (hould pro-
ceed to the rtomination of three, oat of whicli the King (hould^
make
Book L Ths iMemoires of the Duke of Rohatto i 7
make choice of one ; and, that after this Eleft ion Roche- beaucourt
and foucault ihould be permitted to return again to execute their
charges, provided, notwithftahdihg thac the latter (hould prefently
quit the Town again.
Themines fent this agreement to the Court, where at firft it wa$
well enough liked ofj but when it was communicated to, and fcaii-
n^i. by the Dukes enemies, it could by no means be approved of.:
But Tbmin.es had orders fent him, to infift upon the return of
Kocbe-beancourt tmdFoKCaftlt, before the new Election, which the
Duke oiKoha?i confented to ; and thus, for the prcfenr, was miti-
gated tht heat of this affair? though the perfecutions againft the
Dukeof Rtf&^a and his party continued in their former violence;
cfpecially at Court, where the Marfhal BouiIIoti endeavoured, firft
to corrupt the Deputies then to make divlfions among them; an4
'^fl: ot all to deftroy rheir authority : And when the Provinces
l^nt their Deputies to the Court to reraonftrate their refentments
of the ill impredions were given their Majcfties of their loyalty^
to vindicate themfelves from the calumnies vented igainft them,
and to obtain a grant of all their juft demands, fo neceflary , tQ
their fubfiftence : The Marflial Bouillon, perceiving, that neither
his conft^dcracies in the Provinces, nor the Commiflionei's purr
pofely fent in to them, could hinder the deputations , turns novf
his whole endeavours to render their Negotiation fiuitlefTej aU
ledginga that it was a diminution of the Kings authority to <r\\^
audience to an AlTcmbly convened againft his wills that, if their
requefts were yeilded to, and fatisfadion given them that way, ic
would difguft the loyal part of his fubjsfts, and reunite the now
disjoynsd Provinces with the Complainants j and openly difco-
vering alfo great difpleafurc, that they (liould repay all his fervi-
ces with flights, and envie; imputing unto him, upon all occafions>
what ever raifchief befel them ; So that,though he could Bot pre-
vent their audience? he fruftrated the contentment they hopec!
thence, telling the Deputies general freelvjthat what he did^was in
tevenge of the affronts he received from the AfTcmbly ixSaumure,
Thcfe things paflinis thus, the Marfhal BoiiiUon continues his
ill offices to the intereftsof thofe of the Reformed Religion in ge-
neral, and thofe of the Duke of Kohan in particular j and having
obtain'd the AmbafTadorfhip extraordinary for EnglA\n4 to gtt
the alliance with Spaine approved of there, feeds himfelf alfo with
hopes by the means of that iraployracnt, there to procure a diflikc
of the adioHs" of the AfTcmbly of Sa/mnre : Cut the Duke of
Rokm found an opportunity, by a Gentleman that attended on
the Marfhal in the voyage, to give the King of England a true
information of aUthingsjfo that as to that particularj theafifwer
#
T 8 TX^ Memotres of the Dnke of Rohan . Book T.
l^e received, was, that if the Queen fhould be induced to infringe
the Edids made in favour of thofe of the Reformed Religion , To
that it were manifeftjthat they were pcrfccuted for their Religions
fake; hisMajefty required? in that cafe, that neither ihc League
lately made with Trance, nor his prefenr confirmation of the fame,
ihould be underftood to their prejudice : For Nature teaches eve-
ry one, when he fees his neighbour aflaultcd for a quarrel which re-
lates to himfelf, toforefee what he may expeft from the ifliie of it.
As for his part) the King of f^zg/^i^^ exhorted the Marfhal to a re-
conciliation with the Duke of Kohan, to whom alfo he intimated
his pleafure in that particular : In reference to which, the Nati-
onal 5ynod then held at Vrlnas-i endeavoured it alfo, and for that
end, befides the Deputies general^ chofe Vn Moulin. , and Diirand^
Minifters, and V i{Le-gro lot an Elder, whofe care and pains in it
ivere fo effedual, that the /ixteenth oiJugufti'm the year i^ii.'the
Marfhals Bouillon, and Lefdeguiercs fipned thefe enfuing Articles,
viz. That they would he err ^m to a face re reunion. , prom/fing to
fiibmit their otvn particular inter eps to the common we If are of
thofe of the Kc formed Keligio?ty by an Oblivion of all past in-
juries : That they would freely renounce all tefintmemsy and ani^
moJitiK againji any perfons , and for what caufe foever :That
they would love and honour every one according to his ranl^e and
quality') giving them upon all occajionsy all teftimonies of friend"
fhip, as far as the duty of true Chripans , and faithful SubjcBs
of the King fhould oblige and permit them. They farther alfo
protefted, that they defired nothing morcy than by a firm Union,
and concord to fee the Kingdom of God advanced, and the
Churches flourifh in a happy peace ^ under the obedience of
fjis Majefty'y and, moreover, to imploy all their power , that ihe
authority of the Synods be not invalidated , nor the 'Oifcipline
infringed -, and that they would not favour , nor any wayes af-
fft any particular perfons or Churches, that by unjuji or preju-
dicial means fhould feparate from the tfrnon^ and conformity to
the Do6irine and Difcipfme received in the Churches. This Ro-
teftationwas alfo figned by the Dukes of V^ohan, Stdly, and Sou-
hi%e, La force, and Du Fleffls ; to which they defired might be ad-
ded thefe following Articles 5 v\. To caufe this Act to befigned
i>y the Govtrnours of all places of fccurity j and other perfons of
conpderation in the PrGvi?ices , and that by the way of Confe-
rence 5 and, that a Claufe might be inferted, by which theyfhodd
Mge thcmfclvcs to ooferve, as well all Politique , as Ucclefiaili-
cal crder, and to reftore and confirm the authority of the Deputies
gin-eral in their charges.
. te for alUhefe gQodly appejirances^ the perfecutlons agalnfi
Bobkt TheiMermlresoftheDtikeof^ohm^ 19
thofe of the Religion J and theDukcofRo^^^^jCeafed not 5 which
enforced them at laft 5 upon the grievances of the Province of
Xaimonge to call an Aflembly of five Provinces, according to the
regulation of the Aflembly of ^.^z/zry^///-^.
Whiles thefe things were a doijig, there hapned a new accident,
which hartncd the Aflembly: Bcrtichcres, fupported with the power
of theCDnftable,theDecrec ortheAlfembly oiSan?pjHre yond the fa-
vor of the Court, would needs repcfleflehi s government q^ A'^gne-
mortes ; Bur the Province, advertlfcd of his demeanour by Saugeon,
{whom theDuke had fent thither purpofely with acharadcr of him)
fo ordered that affair, that,in fpight of the Conftable, they mflin-'
tained Arcmbures in it, and kept Berlicheres out j which fo inccn-
fed him, thathemadeS<z//gfo/ii a prifoner at yiUe-frMcl^ in Ro'iir
€Jgue y which was more than he could do in his own governmenri
When the Duke of Rehan, and the Province of Xaimonge heard
this 3 they avowed the voyage, and owned the caufe of Sa7i>gfoH %
The Aifemblyalfo mecat jRoC'^^/, notwithftanding the ill ufagc^
and traverfes occaltfened them by the MarChal Bo'iiUon, who fliow-
cd himfelf more their eHemy,than all the Kings Council befidc
(notwithflanding hi, engagement pafifed to the King of England.;,
9nd the Deputies of the National Synod j and inlligatedthe Cler-
gy of F/-a;*c? to go to the •^fi^^m, and hinder her giving any fa-
vcurable anfwers to thofe of the Religion, fuppofing that fuchrl"
gor would force them upon cxcremiciesj& would make them appear
guilty of a defire of war, and give him an occafion to inccrpofa
as a mediator for them at Court; that fo, he ; might render himfelir
ufefui to both parties , and whatever happened, ftill make up his
own reckoning.
On the other fide, Va Vlcjjis tired with thefe perfecurions, from
which he himfelf was not exempted , and fearing v/hat the ifTue of,
thefe diflurbances would be, interpofes for the compofing of them,
and comes to Rochel accompanied with Rmcvray, one of the Dcpu^
ties general, and brother to his Ton in law, bringing with him a
draught of fomc Articles, not figned : But the fucceife of his ne- '
gociation , not anfwering his expeftation, he withdrew again, and.
- with him, the Province o^Aniofi, (one of the five afl'embled) Ne-
verthelefle, the other four continued well united, and by Mefli-n-
gers, defircd the Duke of RdhaffsprQkncc at Rochel, to confulc
with them about what was to be done : When he came, it was rc-
folved, that they (hould fend a Gentleman to the x^ccti. -, in the
name of the Provinces, to accepr, for thcprefent, the offers had
been made them, referring the purfuance of the reft tp tlie Depu-
ties general. But hearing, in the mean time, of the commotions
ac the Court, of a bold ai^ion committed in the aifafrmation of
C z the
zo The Memoires of the Duks of Kohznl Book.!.
the Baron de Lu':^^ to the great difpleafure of the •^eea , and
violation of her authority j the Aflfembly took the boldnefle to
fend Le Pare, ft* Archiati&nd Crejfomiere to their Ma jefties , with
protcftations of their loyalty, and offers of their fervice? choofing
rather to fubmit to their pleafures in accepting the offers made
them, than CO augment the prefent troubles by their importunities:
Btjfay alfo made a Speech to the fame effect, in the behalf of the
Duke of Rohan, j and all were well received at Court : Thus end-
ed this Aflembly, which though continually traverfed, as is before
related? brought more benefit to the Publick, and comfort to the
Duke of Rohii «, than that of SaumJti-e.
The Ankles agreed on (and pretty well obfervedj wcre^
I. That the King's Atturncys fhould have Orders to receive the
Atteftations of the Miniflers, without compelling them to add
the Epithet, Pretended, to the Reformed Religion,
a That the Ecclefiaflical pcrfons fhould be permitted the enjoy-
ment of the fame liberty, they had in the raign of the late
King.
J. That they have a Toleration of Provincial Councils, for the
ordering of their Politick affairs, as in the late Kings
time.
^. That the Miniflers, as well as other Ecclcfialiical perfons in
Trame, may be exempted from the payment of all Taxes and
' Sublidies, and that all neceffary provifions to thiseffeft,be
given them.
^. That all the Ediftsbe publifhed anew? together with a Decla-
ration, confiimlng all Grantsj Favours, aad Conceffions of
the late King> with an Ad of Oblivion, and a Decree,that all
proceedings commenced againfl thofe of the Reformed Re-
ligion become null, and as if they had neVerbeeii.
S' That the Inhabitants of i^i^f/W be permitted to enquire into
the oecafionof what hapned at Couldray 5 and be alfo freed
from the jealoufies they may jiifllyder«ve from the two near
approach of the Ships, and that, to that endj they be com-
manded to ride farther from the fliore.
7. That the Remonllrances of thclowzr Languedoc he received
concerning Aigactnones', that provlfion be made for it; and
that, inthemean time,the place be committed to the care of
Cha^'illon.
3, That the razing of Vefteres be fufpended , and the Remca-
ftrances of the Piovince of langn^doc^ concerning that parti-
cUafp bs rsceiveds
p Tha^
(
Book I. The (^etnoiresoftWDtikeofKo^iin] 2t
9. That nothing be changed in the Mas d* Agmois in the lower
Gtiiennei and that La Vejjiere be replaced there.
ID. That the Count of P^»?^ be defired by letter, to continue
the Captain P/f in his command under him^ in Manfiete.
i I. That the troops which-are in XaintongCi Voi5loUi and the pla-
ces adjacentjbe removed.
iz. Thax Koche-teauconrty and T'oucxult y be fent out of Sa'mt
' 3. That the one of their Companies fhall be given to the Duke
of i?o^.^??5 and the other to the King's Lieutenantjwhich {hall
be placed there, in the place of La Roche-beat^coiwt, but with
the approbation and good-liking of the Duke of Rohan.
J4. That the Office of Serjeant Major of the place becoming
voids either by death, or dtmiffion of the Officer, it (hall be
fupplyed as the Duke fliall pleafe.
tj. Thar the penfions ofthe Dukes of Man, and Soubi%e, ftiall
be paid , both the arrearesj and whax fhall for the future
accrue.
16» That no violence be done' to the friends or fervants of the
Duke of Rohan 5 that thofc that had peniions fhall receive
them, as before the AfTembly of Saumme ; and that no inju-
ry be done to the Baron de Smgeon , but that he he reftored
• to his liberty.
Whiles the Coure raifed thcfe tempefts in the Provinces, it
fislf was not free from commotions. The Marfhal ci' Ancre, who
had ingroffed the whole favour of the Queen, bred, and cherifhed
divifions among the great ones, lefit their union fhould obPirud his
advancement j fo equally ballancing all parties, that neicher could
over-poife the other, and continually fomenting envle and jcalou-
fiesamong them J lef^ their reQonciliation fhould prove his rulne :
They on the other fide fuffering themfelves to be hurried en by the
violence of paflion, rather than led by the calmer condud of
reafon. To that all the Princes of the blood were fccn in op-
pofition one againfl the other, and thcfe alfo of the houle of
LorrainCy according as their prefenc enjoyments, or hopes of future
favour moved them : But at length the Prince of Con.dc upon tlie
Queens refufal to give him Chafleau Trompette^YaKad a party of dif-
contents, under pretence of reforming the diforders in the govern-
ment of the State;Thc Marfhal Bozii//(??2. the main contriver of thig
Party, managed it with fuch artifice , that he caufcd the Prince,,
the Dukes of LongneviUe, J^evcrs, Main^, and others , to abfenc
themielves from the Court, whom he himfclf followed the lafl of
allj and wiihtlw Q^eeas confeot too, upon the hopes he had given*
22 The i^iemoiresofrhe^HkeofKohvOi, Book I.
Jier of reducing all thofc Princes; And with fuch dexterity hand
died he the affair? that he became both the Author and compofer
<?f it; in which there was one very remarkable thing to be taken
jiotice of, which was, that he imparted the whole bufinelTe to the
knowledge of the Duke of Kohan's moft faithful friends, and con-
cealed it from his own, whom in other things he had alwayes tru-
fted ; for that he very well knew the corruption and fallhoodof
the cne, and the integrity and fidelity of the other.
'. The Prince with his Partifans retired to Afc^ie^'fi", a Town be-
longing to the Duke oi Never s^ntOiX SedaK; TheDukcof Ai^i«e
who was Go*Trnour of the Ijfle of Fran-ce, with the Towns of So'if"
Jonh Noyom-yzrA the CaAle of Viernfons ; the MarquefTe de Ceu-
'uresviithLao?!.'^ all very confiderable places , together with the
Duke of I.O/?^t;ei'i/ifa» Governour of Vicardy, with all the friends
and ferv.mts they could mufter in their governments joyning to
the frontlrcs of GermMy, and Flanders, with the reft of the dif-
contents in Fr^;?:^:^, made up a very formidable party; to which I
iliall not adde? that upon the retaining of thefe Male-contents
from the Court) the Duke o^Ve'iidofme being apprehended in the
Xoi^v^T, and there detained prifoner; a few daycs after made his
efcapc, and got into Britany his own government , where he made
gi- eat preparations a! fo.
Things being in this condition, the Vr'mce writes a letter to the
•^C^:?? J whofe contents were nothing but complaints of the difor-
^ders committed in the State under her authority ; that the Prin-
ces of the blood, Dukes, Peers, and Officers of the Crown were
excluded f;om the Publick affairS) which were managed by three
Cr four only? who to m.aintain their own height , fowed divifion?
among the Nobility, laviihing the treafures, and at their plea-
fure,dirpofing of them, the Arfinals and Frontire Garrifons, which
were intnifltd in the hands of ftrangq^s, who were in no wifere-
fponfible for them ; that they defired an AiTembly of the States
General, according to the Cuftome, during the Minorities of thejr
KingSjin which the f^cT^ fhoiild finde a legal provifion made
for the fupportof her authority, the prefervation of the Lawes,and
reforming all abufcs that obftiufted theadmininftration of them,
Mc writes a If© to the Parliament of F.iZr/V, and all the Grandees noc
yetconfedcrated with him,to invite.them to a Conjunction with
hii Party j and to the Deputies general alfo, telling them thac
rhofe of the Religion were not forgotten inhisRemonftrances;
He fent alfo Le MuretTjuiQuiQmwz of his guards, to the Duke of
V\ohm to court him to arme in his behalf , protefling that he
would net lifientoiinyagreemenc, but with his confent i But the
' Dtike who cntlie cne fide kacw very well the credit the Mannal
X>QliiliSn :
Book I. The diemolres of the Duke of Kohin^ 2^
Bo'mllon. had gained among his moft intimate confidentsj and ^^
the otherj reraembring the continual ill offices he had receiv"**
from him ever fince the Aflembly of Smmiire 1 and being not u*^*
jealous that the war was only declared in words, whirft in trut^i
they were already entrcd inro a Treaty, refolved to fend Uaultr.
fofitain?, la whom he repofed great confidence, along with M.v et-7^
tomakeadifcovery of thetruepoftureof the Prmce his affairs;
and in j;he interim made his addreflfes by letter to the Queem af-
rate.
In the mean while the Vrmce came to S^int Mcnchould,^ ftrong
place within the goycrnmenc of the Duke of Neycrs , which he
hadfecured, and there alfo znWtd Haidt-foma'mc, where. In-
ftead of a war proclaimed, he found a Treaty well advanced; He
was received with much honour? and admitted alfo to their Coun-
fcls; Upon his arrival, it was given out 5 that he came with ai^
ofFer of eight thoufand foot, and 'two thoufand horfe from his
Mafler, on purpofc to haften che Treaty, and yet was he fent back
to the Duke with an alTurance that there fhould be none , and a
requefl to raife armes : But Hault- font aim afTured him that the
Peace was concluded, and that Arnbot[e\^zs to be given to the
Prince, MmehoiUd to the Duke of Nevers, and a round fumme of
money to the Duke of Bo'mllony and that an AfTembly of the States
general was promifed j which in a fliort time after was performed:
And thus did their own private interefts intercept their regard to
the confideration of tlie publick.
The Duke or V^«<^o/'^^, who, after his efcape, had levied ma-
ny men in Brit any ^ and engaged himfelf in the fortification of
if/^i/ff, was much troubled to fee himfelf thus forlorne : He fenc
V^oche Giffar to the Duke of Ro/ai??, with carneft perfwafions ta
joyne with him, which were well mixed with faire promifcs in fa-
vour of thofe of the Religion ; But all could extraA no other an-
fwer from him , than that the beft counfel could be given him, was
to digefl, as well as he could ,his dereliflionj and in time, to com-*
ply, left his obftinacy fhould draw upon him an Inevitable ruinej
But this advice had no operations upon his refolutlons 5 though
the Prince, when he came into?€i5iofi, added his perfwafions tooj»
and endeavours to approve of his precipitation of the peace : Thq.
Prince was alfo very feriousto fee the Duke oiKdban, who to fa-
tisfie him in that particular,came to LaKoche dcs Aubieres in. Aru
j/>« , where he fhews him,how he had been forced to, fliuffle up 3
peace the bsft he could^ for thac the Marfhal Bo'iiillm ambitious
5 4 The tMemoIresQftheVftke of Koh^n. Book i'
of all the thanks and profit, had debauched and feduced moft of
his party ( fpeaking well indeed of none but the Duke of Nevers)
fo that he was conftrained to accept of Amboife ; Thjit he hoped
to procure an Affembly of the States General, inwhkh his par-^
ty would be the moft prevalent , for that every one in their
Province, ftickled hard fer him ; and that it was there, the af-
fairs of the Kingdom (hould- have a redrefs , and the Nobility
enjoy their dignities , or ell'c that they fhould have moit forces ,
and abetter pretence for a Warj that though he had caft off
many Gentlemen and Souldiers^ 31 yet he regarded not that muchi
fbr tliac he knew , Vra'dce was alvvayes well ftored with difcon-*
tents-
'' ' To which was anfw cred, that the States would rather oppofc
his defigns, and inftead of augmenting, Icffen his authorityj for
that the fear of evil, and hope of good, the moft prevalent mo-
iivrs upon the afFcdl ions of men, were from the Q^i'e/?, not him 5
and that the reafon,why many refufcd to takeArmcs, though he
comm.andedthemjwa?,becaufe he himfelf did notg but had made
his peace j for which he was upbraided both by the Duke of Ko-
han, and his brother j of which he cxcufed himfelf the beft he
could, with many large proteCations of friendftilp to thens, and a
high approbation of the Counfel they had gjven the Duke of Ven^
eifjO^re J and thus was their interview terminated : After which?
the Prince to make his advantage of all, wrote to the Prefident ^a-
nin^ that he had defired a meeting from the Duke of Roha/t for no
other end, but to break off the confederacy between the Duke of
Vcrtdofm^! and him.
This being paftjall parties were very induftrious to procure a no-
mination of fuch Deputies in the Provinces, for the States Gene-
ral, io be convened at P^rriV the winter following , as were moft
devoted to them , • And in the mean while the K-^^ and ^iceen
took their journey towards Britan.y to reduce the Duke of Ven,'
dof?ne: When they came to VoiUitres^ y'ilitroy difpatches to the
Dukeof KiJ^>7» ox\tViUette / whom he knew to be a friend of
his) to let him know, that their Majefties palling within twenty
Leagues of him) wouH take it ilHf he neglected to come and
wait Upon them, alfuring him of a fair reception 3 and that it was
fuch an opportunity to fet himfelf right againe with them , as in
prudence heoug^ht not to let flip : Upon this- encouragement he
wentthitherj where, after a very good welcome given him , they
engaged him to be prefent at the States of ■Wit.iny to be held at
JsTt/z^'i ,' where all their propofiiionswere anfwered with a free
aflnt to then^ whtthet they concerned the Deputations for the
States GsReral^ orthe Duke ofKf.Wo/wf ^ wfeo was fcreed to.
gr>ok I. The Memoir es of the DukjefKohin. 2^
prefent hlmfclf before them, and wholly fubmit himfclf to their
pleafures. This done, they returned thence, it being prefcntly
after the Autumn > to Far is , whither a general curiofity carried
every one to (ee what would be the iffue of the States General.
The Prince was in very good intelligence with the ftrongeft party
in tbc Parliament, occafioned rather by their hatred to the pre-
fent government, than by a?iy influence from his vertue or good
conduft i for had his life and aftions been in any degree propor-
tionable to his pretences^and Rcmonfl:rances,he would have much
diAiirbcdtht Queens government.
Come we now to the Statesjwho aflembled at Tar is about the ,
latter end of OHoba; in the year i <$ i 4: where all things paf-
fed according to the Q{^ff?? J defire, who notwithftanding dififol-
ved them, without giving them any fatisfaftion at all : The
Prince was faine to yield up ^;«^oi/e againe, which he had got-
ten at the Treaty of S^iaf Mcnehould'y and that by the advice of
the Marfhal Bo/<?tf(???, who thought by fhewing the power he had
over the firft Prince of the blood, who only might lawfully que-
fliontheaftions oit\\t Qwen, to render himfelf To acceptable
ar^d confiderable, that of neceflity he {hould be employed in the
management ot the pubhck affairs : But remembring that his fer-
viccs had been lefs recompenfed than his diflervices, and that men
flood in awe of that afpiring fpirit, fo apt and ready for any great
undertakings, he rcfolves to imploy it again to mifchicf , and ta-
king occafion from the ill propofitions made in the States, from
the treacheries difcoYcrcd there, by a prefumption to eftablifh
the Papal in prejudice of the Royal Authority, from the Decree
made by them for the confummating the Marriages with Spai?ie ^
from the prodigious greatnefs ofcheMarfhal d^ Ancre univerfal-
' iy envyed, and maligned, efpecially in Vcvris 5 and from the dif-
contents the Deputies the States carried back into their provinces^
ill which things he fodexteroufly ordered for his purpofes, that
from that foundation heraifeda broMiery of that importance,thac
e-ven thofe that thought not at all of meddling in it, were infenfibly
engaged in the party.
The better to arrive at his aimes, theMarflial B^^iiite dreW'
into the confederacy with the Prince all the Grandees of the
Kingdoms} whom either fome particular in juries received, or en-
vy ( the bafeft, yet moft common vice of all ) had difcontented ;
handles the Parliament of Faris fo handfomely , that the greatcft
part of them favoured his defign, prevailed fo farre upon the En-
glifli EmbafTadour, that he incited his Mafter to countenance his
party, ^tidTmAtKouvray ^ Desbordes-Mercier , and BertheviUey
Psputics General from the Aflembly of thofe of the RelIgion,per-
~ ^ - . for.s
26 The LMemolres of the Duk^ of Koh^n. Book I^
fens of great abilities^ and good reputcj his own; {hewing them
the remedies he would apply to the diforders of the State , the
advantages {hould thence accrue to thofe of the Religion in gene-
ral, and chemfelves in particular s towir, to the one the place of
Embaflfadour into the Low Comtreys > to the othet the revenue of
a Counfellor in the Chamber of Edids; and to the thirdjthe Depu-
tation General ; all very perfwafivc arguments.
When he had thusdifpofed his affairs , leave was granted for
an Afl'embly to be held at fergeau, the fourth day of v^^ri/jwhich
place was judged improper for a free debatc> and attaining the
ends propofed^ wherefore it was removed to Grenoble the jfiftcenth
€£ ^ulyy one thoufand fix hundrcdand fifteen > upon the inftant
retjuett ot the Deputies General, and the Provinces, and the af-
jGirance the Marfhal Lefdigukrcs gave the ^^^erty that he would
order all things fo, that fhe fkould have no caufe to feare the ilfue
of it ', wlilch place, though the vaft power 5 and well-known hu-
mour of the Marfhal might caft fome umbrages of fufpicion on it,
could not however be refufedj, becaufethat Dmph'me was a Pro-
vince, in which thofe of the Religion were mofl: numerous and
powerful? and where without danger they could not be dif-
gufted.
Whiles thefe things were in agitation) great care was taken to
incenfethe fpirits of the Vanftxiis^ and with fuch effedj that the
Parliament fet forth a Declaration 5 inviting the Prigce and
Peers tojoyne with them in their Confultations; which though
they were checked for, yet defifted they not, but proceeded to the
prefenting of very bold Remonftrances to the King hirafelf, whofc
fubftance was, that he ought not to begin the firft yeare of hi^
l4ijority vvith fuch abfoluce command:j, nor accullome himfelf to
fuchadions) which good Kings, as himfelf, very rarely had re-
eourfe to , and after an exaggeration of the great and fignal fervi-
ccs of their Court ever fince its firft eftablifhracntj and that all
the weighty and moll important affaires of the State were mana-
ged by their Counfel, or that the Kings had repented' it, they re-
monflrate the difpleafure they had to fee that the I-ate States
fbould endeavour to fubvert the Fundamental Law of the King-
dome, by rendering the Soveraign power of the King doubtful ,
and problematick i that for the fuppreflion of fuch pernicious
Maximes, and that his Soveraignty which he holds only and im-
mediately from (3ois^ himfelf, be not upon any pretence whatfoe-
ver fubjeded to any other power, it were necefTary to ordaine,thac
rhe Original Laws of the Nation? and the occafional decrees foun-
ded on them be renewed and put in execution ; and thofe held for
enemies to the Stat€:r that would fubjed the Royai Autboriry to
Boolcl. The tMentotres of the D/<;^^o/RohanI 37
any forraign domination : Moreover they rcmonftratc alfo how
neccfl'ary it were to continue the ancient Alliances, andforraignc
Confederacies renewed by the late King j that the King (hould be
alfo advifed by the Princes, Officers of the Crown 5 and vete-
rane Counfelloursj perfons experienced and interefled in the
State? and that none be permitted to receive penlions of forraigne
Princes or States : That all Officers be protefted in the difcharge
of their duty : That for the future no furvivances or reverfions of
Offices be granted : That the Military commands be not Vendibles
That the governments of provinces, ftrong places , and principal
Military commands be not conferred on flrangers: That for the
confervation of the dignity and fplen dour of the Romifh Religi-
on } without derogating from the Edids of pacification , and for
the prefervation of the priviledges of the G^ific^ Church, andre-
difying the abufes crept into it by means o^SHffragans andCoadjii-
tars, there be not fnfFercd any multiplication of new Religious or-
ders J and that Bifhopricks be conferred on perfons of good Fa-
milies, and fuitable qualifications, both for age and vertue ; Thac
the courfe of Jufticc be free, and all obfh-uftors of it punifhed i
and that the Kings Council upon applications made to them, may
not abrogate any decrees of the Parliament ; but that thofe who
would fue for relief againft them, do it by the ufual and Legal
wayes: That no pardon be granted to any Murthercrs: That
Edids and Ordinances againft Duels be obferved : That the de-
crees of the Kings Council be more flable, and not reverfeablc
upon every occafion , either for money or favour : That the exa-
ftionsand irregularities committed in the Chanceryes of the Par-
liaments, and Prefidial feats, and Taxes raifed without verifica-
tion in Parliament be fupprelTed: That all focicties of Coun-
fellorsof Eftate, Intendants, and other Officers of the F'mancesy
or Exchequer, together v/ith all partnerfhips, be forbidden : Thac
all publlck gaming , and tippling-houfes be fupprelTed : Thac
provifion be made againft the abufcs of treafurers, and the ofFcn-
^ors punifhed 5 and thac the excefs of rewards be moderated s
That the Government of the Exchequer be intrufled but to a few
perfons, as in the time of the late King: That the profufion o£
the treafures may be compued from this^ that the Revenue is grea-
ter now, than in the late Kings time , who fpent every yeare in
buildings and other expences» now taken ofF,three millions of Li-
vers, and laid up two millions s that if thofe five millions had
been laid up every yeare fincc his death, there would be in the
Treafury twenty millions; bcfides the fourteen millions he lefc
shere, which, to the great regret of all good French men , are
jiowconfumcd^ extravagancies of fuch a nature^ as will quickly
fend
i8 The iMemoms oftheDuke o/Rohan. Book 1.
tcni Vran.ee a begging) if not remedied ; which cannot be but by a
iidd inquiry into the ad ions of thofethac have been guilty of
thefemale-adminiftrationsjofwhich they know their Majefties to
hz intirely innocent : Wherefore they moft humbly implore their
leave, to put in execution their decree made in M^rchyont thou-
land fix hundred and fifteen) promifing to d:fclofe to them
things of great concernments to the State, whicfe are yet h;dden
from them 5 by means of which , provifion may be made for pre-
vention of all thefe dlforders : But in cafe that the evil Counfels^
and crafcy Artifices of perfons interefled herein, fiiall hinder
thefe R.emonftrances of a faire reception, the faid Parliament fo-
iemnly protefiiS) That for the difcharge of their confcicnccs, for
the fervice of their Majefties, and prefervatlon of the State , they
IKiU be obliged hereafter to nominate freely the Authors of thefe
abufcs, and lay open to the wotld their wicked comportmec,J;s >
that remedies may be J^pplye4 in due feafon, when the affairs wiU
more conveniently admit of them;} and his Majcfty fhall pleafc to
take betternotice of them.
This Remonftrance wrought the defigned cfFed 5 procuring
the Parliament a {harp check, and affeftionating theni fo much
che more to the Prince his party ; Hence enfucd great animofities
and very liberal difcourfes of all fides i and prefently after, came
Letters from the Vrliee to the Kjng-i the C^een. , and all the
Grandeesbothof the Court and Parliament, together with hi«
Declaration) which refuming the bufinefs from before the War of
Saint Menehmldy complaines of the irregularities in the eleftions
cf the Deputies for the States general, of the elufion of the Ar-
ticle propofed by the third Eftate or Commons , for fecuring the
IHe and authority of the King, againftthe defignes of the Pope;
pf the exceflxve Offices and exorbitant power of theMarfhal d*A)in
ere y and his extravagancies in the adminlftratipn of them, pre-
suming CO def)rive the Princes of their governments, and procuring
Lawsoppreffive to the people, for the fatisfying of his own ava-
rice, and ambition,) difpofing of a !l the Qfiices of the Kingdome,
as^vell Ecclefiaftical as Temporal, infringing the liberty of the^
States, to which the Prince was forbid ar\ accefs, caufing the
Parliament of Varis to receive a fmart reproof for their Remon-
flrance; concluding the n^arriagcs with 5/?^i«c', without (;ommu-
nicating the bufinefs to thofe it ought to be imparted to , by fuch
pa^ices flighting and deferring the Ancient AUyes cf ^hc Crown,
and among others the Duke of S.t^'(5>' ; who, to the great dillio-
nour of France , Is fufFered to be trampled in the duft ; caufing a>
refufal of the propofitions made by the Nobility to the States, for
die obfervation of the Edifts of JPacification j attempting to in;*
Book L The Memoir es of the Bfike of l^ohia, 2p
duce the Clergy of Trance to fwcare an entire obfervancc of the
Council of Trent : That it was moft unreafonable that the Mar-
ihal d^ Jficre, the Chancellour, the Commander de SiUery^Bul-
liony and Dele, Authoursof ailthefe vioJent adidns , and mif-
chievous Counfclsj Ihouldbe maintained in fuch an unlimited
power : The Prince alfo further demanded, that before they pro-
ceed to a confummation of the marriages with Spainc, Tome coiufc
be taken for regulating the Counfels, and reforming, and compo-
sing the abufesand difordcrs in the State : Afcout which, he had
feveral conferences with ViUeroy^ to attiufe and intrap him , ra-
ther than out of an intention to contrive any remedies for them :
At length upon the Summons given him by Fontchartrai?ie , to the
voyage into Gmenne to confummate the Marriages 5 fore feeing
thence the wrack of his hopes, and pretences of a good Reformati-
on, he declares that the Armeshe hadraifed, had no other aifnc
than the prefervationof the Kings authority, and the gIory,and ho-
nour of the Nation, inviting all good Trench men,both of the one,
and the other i?cligionto joyn with him, and all the Ancient Al^
iyes of the Crown,to favour him in fo good a defign.
When the Prince had publifhed this Declaration, he made his
Levyes in Trance and Germany , and took his Canon at Sedan :
The King alfo raifed an Army of ten thoufand Foot, and fifteen
hundred Horfe, Commanded by the Marfhal de hois-Dauphin, to
Oppofe the difcontents , and with other Troops fets forward to-
wards Gmnne , attended on by the Duke of Gu'ife , who was to
conduft Madame the Kings iifter to the Frontieres of Spaine ,
and thereto receive the Ufanca , and waite on her back to the
. In the mean time the Prince earneftly follicltes the AflTembly at
Grenoble^ by his Agent La Hay , who delivers them his Man'fcfioy
and ihews them the advantages would redound to thofe of the Re-
ligion, in cafe the Aflembly would comply with him in reforming
the State, and oppofing the matches with Spaine j and further en-
gages himfelf not to conclude any thingjbut by their advice. The
Prince his party, nor their adherents, durft not open their moUths
to fecond this motion 5 But yet the others imagining that from
fo important an opportunity they might with good reafon derive
ilror^ hopes of obtaining fome favour from the King? they depu-
ted ^/^/^c^a^t: , Desbordes-Mercier, zndMailleray, to him, who
found him at Toiiis, and prefented to him five and twenty Articles
of greatefl confequence to their Interefls , humbly fupplicatin^
him to vouchfafe them fome fatisfadion thereupon. Of thefe De-
puties, Desbordes-Mercier was of the Prince his faftion, the other
swo were of the fame opinion with the Duke of Rchan.^ who
ihought
50 The dfemoires of the Bake e?/ Rohan; Book f;
chought the firft equally aflPefted to him with the others; of whofc
abilities being very confciousj herepofcdan entire confidence in
him : He received Letters from him from Pointers , which gave
him notice of their diiTatisfaftionj and urged him ro a conjun-
ftion with the Prince , afluririg him that the AlTembly would be
fvell fatisfied with it, and alfo do the like themfelves : The other
two Deputies governed by this? joyned in this intelligence, infor-
ming him moreover, how much their Majefties flighted the Af-
fembly, fo that adding to this, the refufal made him of the Sur-
vivance, or Reverfion of the Government ©f Poi^ou, ( to which
his father-in-law had given his confent ) contrary to the folemne
promifes paflfed to him for it ; together with the perfwafions oi his
iarother the Duke of S6ubi-7^i who was well afFefted to the Princc^^
he began to ftagger a little : Be fides, in his return to Samp\
^ohfi , from Saint Maixam , where he had been to fee the Duke
cf SuUy, he met a Gemleman belonging to the Count of Saint
VaiiU who defired his afliftance to oppofe the Marriages with
Spaine, and was feconded by S'^iw/ ^i'a^cly Savignac, and Dora-
dshcr , who in the name of all the Governours , and Nobility of
the Religion, follicited the fame thing, andchofehim for their
GcneraljConfirming him with an alTurancejthat the Count of Saiu
Vaul would deliver up Fronfac to La Forces as a pledge for the per-
formance of his word.
The accumulation of all thefe things, to wit, the hope of
Redeeming himfelf from the negleft and flights lately thrown upon
him; theloUicitationof his brother, together with the defirche
had tofervethofeofthe 2?eligion, overpoifed his former refolu-
tions, and fent him into Guienne, where he found that the Count
of Saint Pauly with the Romilh Catholicks , had made their
peace, and a great confufion among thofe of the Religion ; ne-
verthelefs , having gotten together La Torce^ Bdijfe-Pardaillan ,
Cbasieau-ncuf, Pavas, and Pami[fam , with others of the Reli-
gion, it was refolved, that they fhould make ufe of the Icafure af-
forded them by the Kings fl:ay at PoiQ;'iers y occafioned by the
ficknefs of Madame the Princefs , to prepare for a War j feeding
themfelves with hopes to raifc an Army of fix thoufand Foot,
and five hundred Horfe , which at their firfl: /^endezvouz amoun-
ted but to fix hundred Foot, and fifty Horfe j nor could all their
power ever bring morejthan two thoufand men together 3 fo that
the King eafily, and without any interruption got to Bonrdeaux y
whence the ^iteen Mother dli^paichcdChefmy to the Duke of Ko-
hariy with very fair offers, upon condition that he would joyne
with her : But neither hcj nox Bois-de Cargois , who was depu-
ted from the AlTembly with the like Comraiffion a could get any
other
Book I. The Memoir es of the Dnke of Rohan J 3 1
*>cher anfwer from himj than. That he would not faite to make
good bis word J where he had engaged it : But this failing, thr
^ueen. endeavours to rake cfT La Force,it\^ Boijfe-VardailLm from.
him ; As for the former? he conceived himfelf obJig'd to
the defence of Beam , and the other pcrfifted in his inte-
grity.
The Duke of KoharCs chiefeft care now was to engage in the
party he had embraced, all the Towns, and Communalties of
the Religion, together with the A iTembly General, whom by ck-
prefs Meffengers, he advertifesj that upon the refufal of favou-
rable anfwers to their propofitions , and the earneft follicitations
of their Deputies, he had now declared in Gmme , and his bro-
ther in Voi^oUi perf vading them to own their adions, and ad-
here to the Prince : The Duke of SmU-^ey who had ftaid at Sa^ns
^hn duringthe Kings abode at Poi^i^^y, immediately after his
departure, makes his levyes in Po/^«« , ^an^Xaintrnge^ andfud-
denly took the field with four thoufand good Foot, and five hundred
Horfe 5 which were very opportunely ready to receive the Prince at
his arrival there.
In the mean time the Duke of G;^i/^ condufts the Vmucffe
towards Spaine , and brings thence the Infanta 5 whofe voyage
afforded the Duke of Kohan. the opportunity to feizc upon Le-
ilouYy by the affiflance of Fonterailles , who let him into the
Town, where, when he was entered , he befieged the Caflle ,
and forced it to furrender , before the Duke of Gmfe could re-
lieve it, orthe AlTembly ofthe higher Langi^e doc interrupt his de-
sign : Fromthence he marches to i^erdim and Mmvo/in, which
he could by no means draw to his party ; and thence to Montau^-
bancy which, though with much reluftancy, he got to declare foe
him : In this March he met with the Duke of Can-dale , who dis-
covered to him his intention of embracing the Refomied Religi-
on 5 after mutual complements they part, and the Duke of !?<?-
han. keeps on his way towards Langnedoc , to the Affembly, who
by reafon they had not the freedomc they expedcd at Grenoble ,
were adjourned to Nifmes , where his dexterous endeavours had
fuch happy fuccefs, that raaugre the power of C hap lion , which
ihevertueof his Anceftors had acquired him; he deflioyed all
his credit with them, made himfelf be acknowledged General 06
the Seuencs , and fo prevailed upon the Affembly , that all the
oppofition Chafiil/on could make in it, or in La}7gmddC , could noc
hinder their conjimftion with the Prince ; whofe Vanifans feeing
tl\emfelves backed by the Dukes of Rohan ^ SnUy , and Soubr^e ,
at that time carried all before them ; and Desbordes-Mcrcier ^
Cfiifel , and Novialls ^ were deputed to carry the Aft of Union
to
j2 TheMemolresoffheDHJ^eofRohzn. Book I;
Co the Pf incejand get his fignature to the Articles agreed on; whofe
fubflance was ,
< ■ -^ ■•
Ta oppofe the reception of the Comcil ff/Trent 3 and the marriages
with Spain.
Toprocwre a reformation of the Coumh atid. ra obfervntion. of the
EdiSis made in favour of thofe of the Religion j and that they
[hoUld not defert one another ,lay down their Armesy mr hearken
^ to any pacifications bitt by a mutftal cofifent ^
fit Montauban heard the Duke the firft news from the Prince ,
ehough he had difparched fevcral MefTengcrs to him $ and thither
hefenthimword, That, nptwithftanding the cppofition of a
/Irong and well-marrtialled Army, he had pafTed the Rivers of
il/^rafjS'mz^, and the Loir^ 5 and that having gotten the flare
of the adverle Army? he was now marching to joyn with him in
Gidenne y defiring him to march towards the Dor^^^^ 5 and for
the fecurity of his paflage, poflefs himfelf of fome places upon
that River; which he quickly did 3 taking among others, SoU*
iliac , one of the beft paflfes on it , and beating up the Quarters of
the Count oiLaw^jtne's Regiment that was barricado'd in two great
Villages.
But the Prince, inftead of that, took the way o^Poiftoih where
he very feafonably met with the Duke of Sonbi^e ; for he was very
weak in Foot, and his whole Army fo haraffed , that had not
the Town of Saint ^ohn received him, and the Duke of Sally
at Icngthj with much ado jeyned with him, caufing alfo all the
places he held in Poison, to declare for his party, he would have
been but in a fad condition.
In the mean while their Ma j eft ies return towards Tour^ , the
Duke of Guife commanding the Army of the Marihal de Bok
Vaii-phin-i and the Duke d' Efperno-t ^ with another, having the
charge of their condud : All thefe conjun£iions with the Prince,
raifed him from the contempt he lay under , to fo confiderable a
height in the opinions of his Adversaries, that he is now fued to for
an accommodation.
Now it is to be undcrftood that the Marflial BoiiiUon and the
Duke oiMayne^tin^, more ftridly ligued, and of greater intima-
cy with the Prince than any of the whole party befides, and con-
fequently more fought after by the Court, refolved to have a
peace, and purchafe their own conditions at the expence of the
whole confederacy : In order to which,a Ceflation of armes is a- -
greed on; ani the Town of Londm made choice, ot for the place
of Treaty j Invitations were fent alfo to the Afiembly General ,
Book I. The CMemolres of the Duks 0/ Robin. ^ ^
to draw as near to them as S.ti«f F(?y , where the Marilial Bou'.
itlori was in great reputation ; But the Duke of Koh.in. beinaad •
Vertircd by his brother of all their plots, difcovcrcd co hlsfifenJs
inthe Aflemblythewholcmyftery, and let them know, that k
were expedient the Allembly ilioLild inllamly remove 10 Kocbill^
where their authority would be greater, and their ftren^th mere
confiderablejand that for his pat: he was refolved to go co'che Tro<i-
ty, though not fummoned to it,kaving Boejfe Y^ardalU.iU^B. his ab-
Itnce to command in G/-/if;2«:c'. :
Before we proceed to the particularities of the Treaty, there
are two very obfervable things to be taken notice of. The fiift
was the Duke of Nevers _\\\s armings without declaring for either
fide , but pretending as a Mediatour to enforce bo-ch parties to an
accommodation? outof an appiehenfion he mig'it give them to
fway the ballance on chat (ide he fli-juid incime to; A thing
feafableby the Kino; of £;2^/.i<^i(^3 or of Spune-, but a ridiculous
attempt for him. The oth:r was nxhingmore Judicious,and that
wasa refemblmg action oftheD.ikvi of J^cit-ofries, who by the
King'i Comm'idlons hadraifed a confiderable force , but joyncd
not wich the Prince till after the trucej fo that, he fcrvcd for no«
Jhing hut to in'iaimce the conditions of ch-it party he djclared f«r,
and fruftrating himfclf of all means to make his own , being pf
Himfelf not conlTderable, attrads to himlelf the odium and malig-
nity borne to the whole party. ' , . -
At this Treairy there were prefect of the K;ni];s parr, th: Mar-
itiil BdaJfaCjl^iUeroy J the Prclidv°nt d' Tho/t y a' Vk , and Po/it^
chartrains , who feduloufly fought by fowing diviiicns among
them, to weaken the confederates, .and confequendy Icilen thcli: »
conditions: The P.ince, weary of the War , pretends nothing
but a define of peace , renouncing in appearance , all further
thoughts of the publick affairs , and demanding only a fatisfadi-
on of the interefts of particular perfons 5 but refolving principal-
ly to find his own there too : He had ingaged to the Duke of
y.n. iofme , not to confent to any p.eace , unlefs he had the Cail:le
of N-^^t?s given him: To ihe. Duke, ot Longucville he promlfcd
the Cht^idcU of Amiens , and to thcfe of the Religion, a confir-
mation of the Edids : But when. the Duke of M^yiie , and the
Mirihal Bouillon were arrived at their. ends,'th'.'y quitted all
thoughts, but how to make :he reft relinquifli theirs', to effcft
which} they ufed all manner of Artifices, the moft crafty and
pregnant inventions could furnifK them with : But the admirable
conftancy of the AfTernbly General at Kochelly and rhe firm union
between the other Grandees, threw infaperable difficulties in the .
way CO their defigns^ D Bus
3 4 '^'^^ Mtmoires of the Bnke of Rohan. Book I,
But In the mid'ft of thefe trahfadions, "tfe.c Prince falls defpe*
rately fick , which caufed a great confiifion among them all? ana
made them more follicitous to have this affair d if patched : The
Duke of Sally wasdefiredto goto the AfTemWy, and reprcfenc
to them the dangers, that attended the prefent condition of things^
whence he returned, with a full aflUrance of their good inclinati-
ons to peace j which three daycs after, they confirmed by ten
Deputies they fent with an cxprefs charge to fupercede all former
'demands J that might retard the concluiion of the Treaty; con-
fining themfelvesto anobtention only of all expedients, necefla-
ry to confirm and fecure to them their former Conccflions ; A-
mong which were the continuation of the AfTcmbly where it was?
iinrill the verification of the Edid ; the disbanding *of the Ar-
iriyes; the reftitution of Tartas ; and the difpatch of the Com-
liiifTioncrs appointed to put the EdiA in execution j according as
the Duke of Sully had promifed them in the Princes name; which
he clearly made appeare by his inftruftions , when the Prince re-
ceded from the aforefaid promife : But the King*s Commiflioners
encouraged under hand 5 infifted eagerly on the diflolution of
the AlTcmbly , which had like to have broken all , had not the
Duke of Sully , pregnant in evafions to prcveat mifchiefs^ firm-
Jy perfifted in his endeavours to compole the bufinefs , offering
another Writing to the Commiflioners j which they approved of>
and defired hini to procure the Deputies of the Aflembly their af- ]
fent to it alfo , which, with the affiftance of rhe Dukes of Kohatty
Cajtdale, and Soubi'^e , he fo happily endeavoured , that they ]
aflfented to it , upon condition, that there might be an alteration I
©f fome tcrmes ; And forafmuch as the Commiflion of the Depu- ]
ties was too reftriftive , they joyntlj fent an exprefs to Remon*
ftrate to the Alfembly the necemty of terminating this affaire,
and to that end defirefuch an enlargement of their power, as
fho'uld oblige them to ratifie what they fl\ould conclude in their
names , and with ihe advice of the Grandees of the Religion:
The Djke of S////y thinking he had now finifhed all, carries the
faid Writing to the King's Commlflioners , with whom were pre-
fent the D.ikes of A''^^'^/-'^ , Maine, and Bo 'i /fa , who all con-
firmed it , and after them rhe Deputies alfo:- But when he retur-
ned with it again to the Commiflioners , ihey dcnyed what they
had done ; but yet as the Duke was going from them , rhey re-
called him againe 5 and after much conteflation came once',
more ro an agreement* After which they all met at the Duke •
<jf Nevers his Lodgings > who treated the whole company at
Dinner 3 where the King's CommifTioners > for the third rimc>
f6 akcied the Writing? that there was noihing left of irsfirft;
defign'
J5 ook I. The CMcrf^otres of the Dnks ^/RobaHo ; ^
dc/ign 5 for which reafon the Dwke of Sully would no more
tiouble himfelf with it. .
.Whercupen the Prince caiifed the Grandees to be oiled ra
/Tgnthe Peace; he was yet fo ill that he could neither unde.-
Hand it, when it was read , nor comprehend the dimcukies vtc
to be furinountcd : Neverrhelefs he called the Duke of Sully'' t^
Icnow what hindered the figning of it , which being told him, he
calls yil/eroy , and having whifpered fomething to fiira fery fofc-.
iy, prefently declares to the Duke of 5".'.'i(y, that y^Jlcroy had 2,1-
venhlmthe Writing jull as it was at firll: dcfigned with the ad^
vice and confent of the Duke ; and without expeding the An --
fvver of the Aflfembly , or any reafcn to the contrary , iigned it ;
Whereupon the Duke of BuUfllon had many fharp ccntefts, real,
or pretended, and delufory 5 with yiUcroy > for that he defircd[
that the Engliih Embafladour,who had been a great inftrument of
the Peace, fliould fign it too, which the other oppofed as a thins^
neither handfome, nor honorable for the King to fufrer.
This precipitate ligning of the Peace by the Prince , cccaff-
oned great and general murmurings among the reft of the Party,
that faw themfelves thus deferred by thofe that were the Authors
ofthe Warre : Aad the Duke of Bouillon ^ to enhaunce tho.
price of the fcrvices he had done the King, bitterly invel^lis a-
galnft the Aflembly , branding them, and all that fliould abet
them, with the name of Rebells i offered to march agamfl thcnb
and declared that he fliould efleem for eaemiesto the State , all
thofe that upon any pretence whatfoever, fliould refufe to figne
the peace ; But neither his, nor the threats of the Commiflio-
ners prevailed ought upon the others conflancy. And t^caufe
this b; angling was a difturbance to the Prince, the whole com-
pany removed to the Countefs of Sd'iffons Lodgings , where e-
very one 5 all other difficulties being cleared , to avoid
difputes for the precedency , fubfcribed his approbation a-
part , and nonej but the Prince, and the Deputies, figned the
Declaration.
But when all was done, this War wrought no alteration at
all in the publick affairs , but what was procured by thofe of the
King's party, whomade ufeof thisoccaiion to revenge them-
.-i^ves upon their enemies : So ylUeroy, and the Prefident ^anhf^
yvhomthcChancellour de Silleyy had formerly put by , that he
might have the folc adminiftration of all affaires, caufed thefeals
to be taken from him , and committed to the Prefident Du Valr :
But Villeroy nothing advantaged himfelf hereby; for the Marfhai
d* Ancre^ conceiving a jealoufie, that at the Treaty he held cor-
r^rponicnce with the contrary party, to out him ofthe Cittadeli of
X} % AmUns.
3 6 The Mcmo'irei of the VhI^ of RohanJ EookJ.
'Amicn-s, caufed his Office ©f Secretary of State j to be given to
Jdangot,
When this bu finefs was thus concluded, every one departed,
but diverfely affcded , and very ill fatisfied one with another ;
and the next day came the full power from the Aflembly to their
Deputies to conclude the Peace. The Marfhal Bouillon , and the
Duke of Trimouille , to infinuate themfelvesthe more into the
King's favour 5 engaged themfelves to the CommiffionerSj by an
Act under their hands and feals , to rout the Affembly , and all
that fhould prefumeto juftifiethem , in cafe they refufed to dif-
folve, after the fix weeks prorogation accorded them, was ex-
pired.
If the number of the d fcontcnrs en the Princes fide was great ,
it was not Jefs en the other : The favour of the Marfhal d' Jme
was more infuppoi table to thofe, that upheld, than thofe that op-
pofedhim: andhealfo perceiving himfelf more tyrannifed by
his creatures, than his enemies, made the late reconciled party
believe he would enter into a firm and ftrid amity with them j
which the Duke of Giiife fufpefting , he alfo, to crcfs the Mar-
fhal d" An.CYe\ aimcsjfeeks after an union with them too ; And
in order to it, makes his applications to the Marthal Bouillon y
who fed him flill with very fair words, and hopes, that in cafe he
failed of his end at the Court , he might have a good occafion to
intangle it in new perplexities.
Some dayes before the concluiion of the Peace , it was pro-
pofed in the Prince his Council , that the Grandees of his party
fhould enter into an inviolable T^eaguc amongft themfelves, that
twoof them fhould alwayes in their turns, refide at Court, whi-
left the others kept at a greater diflance from it j and that every
one of them fhould embrace the particular interefts of the others;
ThtMa.riha.\Bo!iillon rejeftedthatPropofition, asunfeafbnable >
for that y having occafion to dif-oblige the greateft part of them ,
heforefawthis might difcover his intentions ; and befides , he
was yet defirous to derive his advantage from the merits , and e-
fleera of his fervices : But after the Treaty was concluded , him-
felf renewed the former propofal , which was then alfo as unfea-
fonible, bccaufe their mmds were now too much varied from what
they were, and they fo jealous one.of anotheijthat every one fleer-
ed his courfc bv his own particular intereft.
The Prince went to take poflefTion of the government of ^cr-
yy? given him in exchange for that of Guicrme ^ The Duke of
Mayue y and the Marfhal Bouillon to the Court, to try how the
pulfes beat theie, but principally ro reap the fruit of their fer-
vic-esj The Duke of W/y to his government cf P('/^()v ; The
Duke
Book I. The CMcmolres of the Dtike ef Rohan. ^ 7
Duke of Man. to Roche U , ro inform the AfTerably of what had
pafled at the treaty o^Londm, and 10 procure a nomination of
good Deputies general : But the Court Catall bein^ uni-
ted with the P-ince his faftion 3 and the hopes of favour,
gratifications^ and pcnfions, he gave to th ofe that ftiould incline
to his will wholly governed them^ fo that BctheviltCitind M.iimld
v/ere chofen.
The Duke of Kohan. feeing how he was hated at Court, and
that the fuccefs of all things thwarted his projeftion , refolvesto
makeanEflay upon the Duke o^ Sully for the government of
Poicioii , ofwhom whcnhehad obtained ademiffionof it , his
Patents were prepared 5 according to the tenor of the Articles of
the TreatyjUpon condition that he fhould go to receive them ac
Court 5 which he refolved to do ; and there delivers himfelf free-
ly to the ^uecfi , telling her? that the flights flie had thrown up-
on him 5 had induced him to let her Majefty know , that he was
neither voide of refentmems 5 nor dcflitute of power; that, ic
was true, hehadferVed and obliged a moft ingrateful pcrfon,
which he was very fenfible of, and that if l"he pleafed to vouch-
fafe him a pardon > and amnefty for his adlons againft her , and
'admit him again to her favour j he vowed that except the party of
the Religion, he would devote his mofT: faithful fervices to her? a-
gainft all the world befides; of which offer and profeflation fli3
reft ified her belief by her acceptance of it.
But to return tothe Marflial BoniHotj he employed the ut-
termoft ftrength of his whole abilities to gain an admilTion to the
helm of State, declaring that he was the only man could, at his
pleafure, rule? and difpofe of the Prince , who wasalfothe only
pcrfon could prej;idice the authority of the ^^ecn , and that con-
fequentlyhis fatisfaftion , and employment would free them from
any further apprehenfionsjwhatfoevcr ; But the Marfhal a' Aji^
c d who had ingrofled all the pov/er , being the only Favourite ,
and intended to change the whole Council 5 to plnce therein
creatures of his own, thought it not convenient to fuffer the intro-
dudion of fuch a one; which the other perceiving,ftuffs, the Princes
head with new jealoufies , to prevent his returne to the
Court. ,
There were the Countefs of Soijfons ofthe one fide, and the
Princefs of Cosde of the other 3 that extreamly rejoyced at the
report of the Prince his intentions to return thither ; but all ( fo
j.ealous were they one of another j agreed to divert him from
them, unlefs It was by theit means that he came; which he
kno.ving very well , waved them.aU, and by the mediation qf
^cf^?/(jr/ , andthe Arch-B;{hopof jBi^/z/i'^s fecrecly made his
I
.^
*.i.
;;S Th (Jl{c7^jp'iresofiheT>/^.ke of Roh2in, Book I
peace witH the ^^eat , fixing himrelf upon her , and to protc
theMirfhal d* Ancre -i with the excluficn of his own party ; pro-
vided he m'l^ht be folelyintr lifted with the management ot ohc
publick affaiis 3 and made Chief of the Council of the Re-
venew.
ComiRg to V.irls againft the good liking of thofe afore- mcn>
cionedj he was welcomed with loud acclamations, and applau-
Ics J and refumed a great power in the State : The Duke of Ro^
iuTt^ with the •^«cr«j pcrmiflion, gave him a vifit , and fliarp-
ly reproached him for fif^ninc^the Peace, without expecting the
Commifilon from the AfTemMy s which he excufed, faying, that
he was induced to icby anapprehenlionhe had , left the Duke
fhouldhind.r t'leir grrmting it ; and u^icn he afterwards under-
ftood that he wasreOoredtorhe <^ccns favour, he told him he
tvasvery glad of it, fortha' hehad now brought no other re-
folutions with him , but to enjoy himfelf, mind his own affairs,
and no more to intermeddle in any fadions , but entirely to ad-
here to the Kr'ig-, the ^em ^ and the Marfhal ^i' Ancre : And
when the dififatisifaftion ot the Great ones, and principally of the
Marfhal BGiiUlor!--, whowas fuppofcdto have an abfolute power
over him 3 was objeftedto him 5 his anfwcrwas , That he now
very well perceived his drift, and the fubtleties heufcd to pcr-
fuade him, that the welfare of the State conlifted either in peace or
War, according as he was plcafed, or difpleafed, and that he would
no more ftcop 1:0 that Lure.
On the other fide, the Marfhal 'BGuUlon thoughhe faw him-
fclf quite caftctF, defpairsnot, but for fear of exafperating
him, coverfthedifpleafure he had conceived againft the Prince ,
with a feeniing approbation of all that he had done ; and rJiat his
Counfels might be of greater validity with him, draws the Duke
of Guife i with his brothers, and the Duke of Never ^^ into an
union with thofe of his party, taking advantage of the Parlia-
ments, zn^Varifans hatred agaJnft the Marftial d' Ancre^ and
by the means of Luhies ^ who now began to be the fole Favou-'
rite, cxpofeshim to the King's alfo ; and communicated to ma-
ny of the prime Nobility his defign to fecure the Court by the
death of the Marfhal d' Ancre , who had bartered away the
King's Lieutenancies in V'lcardy ^ and the Chtndel of Amims ,
together \v\i\\ that of Nermandy , which the Duke of Mohtba^or^
had , and refeived to himfelf the government of Veromie , Mont--
didier r> and Koye : 'Jhi:'D\x\it oi Lcngucvillc , enraged to fee
Tilmfelf difappointed of >^wit;zr, and the reft of V'tcardy ^ pur-
fueshls defign > loudly proclaims to the world his difcontcnts, an^,
the Inullrgence he held \v:\h thsTown ofPs-T^'J/^^j enters it? and
;■ • ■ > ■■ ■ - polSiTe:
Book I. The i^emotres of the Dnke of ^oh^n. gp
poflelTcshimfelf oftheCaftle, before anyone could ftir to pr?^^
vent him. Mangot , the new made Secretary oc State in the
place of Villeroy , is fent thither by the King , but to no purpofc>
for th*t the Caftle was already delivered : At his return from
this ruccefTclefs voyage 3 the King j being advifed to handle this
bafinefs with all gcntlenefs pofTiblea fends the Mar flial So/ij^ov,
who tnade two journyes thither 3 but brought not back the fatlf-
faftioDj wasdefiredi and Indeed his own particular aime was to
confirm the Duke in his conqueft , to the end that he might en-
gage him, and his friends, in the delign he ftill purfued. And
one day, having affembled the chiefcft of his Confederates, to
confult about the killing of the Marfhal d' Aucre , the Duke o£
Maine ^ who was fuppofed to be the moft zealous in the bufinefs,
offered :o kill him himfelfjprovided that thePrlnce would be there,
and that it was neceflary to know his refolutlon therein; the
Marfhal BoaiUon. rcplyed , That they ought to beware of that,
but that he would undertake to make the Prince avow the adi-
on when It was executed , but that it was dangerous to impart ic
to him before, and that he fhould not by any means have any
notice of it, till it were ready to be put in execution, that he
might not have leafure to retrad : But the obftlnacy of the Duke
oi Maine carried it, and the Prince when he was acquainted
with what they had refolved en , whether it was , that he feared
the iflueof it , or that for this once he would be a man of his
word, that very Evening let the Mirfhal a^ Ancre know, by
the Arch-Bifhop of Bourges , that he could by no means abandon
the Duke of Longueville , and that he revoked the proraife he
had made to protedhlm; Whereupon the Marfhal , the fame
night polled into Normaady^ and there feeing himfelf forfaken
by the Prince, andmany of the Great ones , combined to alfaulc
him in the Court it felf , contrived how he might prevent them •
Informs the ^feen by fome of his Confidents 5 that the ^rir.ce
deceives her , that the Marfhal Bouillon amufes her , that many
of the great Nobility were refolred to deveft her of her au|hority,
and that the bufinefs was already come tofach a point , that fhc
had no other remedy left her, but to feize upon their perfons;
on which flie refolved , with M.mgdt the Bifliop of Lucon y and
Bxtbin , creatures of the Marfhal : And on the fiift day of 5"^-
ptemher , upon a Thurfday at noon, was the Prince arreflecj in the
Louvre, by Themines , who for that aftion was created Marfhal of
Trance -y and that which is very remarkable in this, is , That up-
on the fame day of the moneth, and of the week , and at the
fame hourc was he born : They thought to have furprizcd the
piikeof Maln^i and the Marfhal £czi///o,'j there alfoj but the
D4 fov-
4^ The tpliemoires of the VfikfG fRohin Book
• ^ormsr lodging near SiUnt An.^hmy\ Gate, had opportunity
^noagh toefrape; and the other being that day ['one toaSer-
«iion at ChH,.in.tcn., wasadvifed by his friends to retiun no more 5
lb they went to Sc/jfon-s y and the Duke of OuifeuinA his brother
took the fi me. way alfo; Th^Duke of V ndofme a\[o fled to-
wo-vis'Lit Frrc.y The Duke of /?o/?ir?2 j who at the very begin-
-rsino; otthefe commotions had quitted the Prince 5 was not how-
ever without his fears , when he faw hiai carried away by The-
mi'ies y and rhit immediately upon it Saint Geran. came to eiii-
quire after him fiora the King. ThiS arrcft caufed a e;reat tu-
miilc i:i Pjris:^ which was'cncrcafcd by the Prince his Mother,
ai d miny Gcniicmen , who animated the people of the Suburbs
x)f Saint Germa'in.e to pkfndcr , and raze the Marfhal d' An-ot's
. liOufe 5 which they found fo fweet an employmenc , that the pil-
- iage of itlafted two caves j and indeed great prudence' was itj
ncttooppoile th.;m in the heat of their fuvy : For the next A:\y
Cttq.n Colonel of the Regiment of the Guards , with on^^ com;
pnnyof them, and anorher of the Citizens? eafily took them off
from chc prey, which in the height of the hurly burly would have
proved 1 greater difficulty.
Their Majeflies gave notice of this Mutiny to thofe of the
Nob;Lry that remained in V^'-is , and likewifeto the ehietefb of
the Council 5 among whom, the puke of Sully fpjike his mind
freely , and declaring his di/like of the adion , advifed them to.
compofe tho'.e differences by the intervention pf the Pope his
VimcfOy and other EmbafTidours, but To, as that the full pow-
er to determine all fliould rcmaine ftill in the King, and the
Queen his Mother. But this Council was difapprovcd, and the
way of fcrce made choice of : ■ in the mean while the Marfhal
S<7/iii^5/7 fets all his wits on work , to engage the Duke of Gidfe
fomewhat further, offering to make him chief of a party 5 where
he fhould command all that durft dif^^ute the place with him:
tCilshim mo'cover, that what they did, was to reflore the fiifl
Prince of the Blood rb his liberty , and , take the King out of the
hands of theiVIaiTnil a" Ancrc y againft whom theV,eneral ha-
tred had ev'dentiy appeared by the burnir-g and pillaging of his
\ houfe in P.n/f, even before the King's face ; phatif they fhould
fpeedily gather together their friends , and fire all the Mills abouc-
Vririsy jhev fhonid caufe a greater infurreftion there : But when
he fawtha: thefc pcrfwafions prevailed nothing upon him, and
that he was Creating for his return to, Court , where he w^as of-
fered to Command the K.ns.'s ^rmves ; he then moyed to
n^u'e h;m florp^d 5 v^vhich the Duke of l,\.iyn.e would not give
wa-y
Thu'5
Book I. TheMemotres oftherOi^hofKohm, 41
Thusallthe Councils of the Mar fhal Bf^U'Uon were rejefted,
though they were very good^ For , in excremkies , things will
HOC admit of tedious deliberations 5 and ballancingsof future c-
vents y an^ many times a raih attempt clofely purfued , meets a
fortunate fuccefs 5 when circumfpeft.on (infuch a cafe ) ever •
fails : Which clearly appeared here 5 for the Qu^een having
drawn the Duke of Giiife and his.brothers > chan2;es the Offi-
cers of State 3 giving the fcals to M^agot, the Office of Secre-
tary of State to the Bifhop of Luct-ny the Intendancy of the fi-
nances ^ or Treafurorihip to ^^?'^i^ 5 appeales all popular tu-
mults > andby a Declaration} veiifiedin Parliament, crimina-
lizes all that had abfcnted themfelvcs 5 Raifes feveral armies,
iand gives the command of that in Champagne to the Duke of
Giiife 5 that in the Iflc of 'Erance to the Count of AHvergne, and
having made i^9«/i^''y MsnihAo^ France^ and Governour 06
■B-erry •> fends him thiiKer ? who fecures the Province , and makes
hlmfelf Maftei- of the Tower ot BoU'gcs : The Marfhal de Sou-
viC does the like to the Caftle of Chimn.y which by the treaty of
Loudim was give^itothe Piince. In the beginning of the yearc
One thoufand fix hundred and feventeen , the Duke of Gnife
flormes fome places held by the Duke of Nevers ^ which, with-
out any great refiftancc made , he takes , and then prepares for
the fie'ge of Meters. The Count of Auv^rgne alfo takes Vier-
rcfots , and marches towards SotJJms : And the Duke of Main.e
attempting to beat up the Quarters of the Duke ot Rohan ^ Co-
lonel of "the light Horfe-men , in VHlkys-Cotrcts received a
fhrewd repulfe : In the naean time the Marfhal Biuillon. retiics
to Sedan , where he endeavours to flrcngthen himfelf with
fome forraign a0iilance: Thus v/ere the affairs of the Princes
but in a fad condition , even then when their deliverance appea-
red by th^ death of the Mirlhal d' Ancre , vvhich occasioning a
change ot the whqle face of thingSjic will not be impertinent,in this
place to infert a particular relation of it.
The unlimited po/vcr of Favourites is the ruine of a State :
For either they change it themlcives for their own ends ,- or elfe
ihey give the ambitious opportunities to attempt it , or at lead
ate they made the pretences of all the difturbances that happen
in it: For feyen years had the Marftial ^' 4«C''^ furniHied
trance with fuch pretexts, and that great peoplcjwhom the ra'gn
of Hen y the great had accuftomed to afubjetfliontothc govern-
ment of their King himfelf, univerfally hated him , imputinc;
all their mifchiefs continually to him; So that his death filled
every one with hopes of an amelioration : But thofe quickly va-
niihed^ whcnth^yfaw Luimsi amanof aIIleaElexcra(flion3cloa-
• ' ' ' • • ■ ■ tned
42 Th (JMemoires of the Dftke of Kohzn, Book I,
thcdwith his fpciles, anHat the firft: rife advanced to greate'^
authority ; who by the paf-time , and delights he Ihevved the
King in Hunting, and by his low fubmiflions had raifed himfelf
to the highefl: place in the affeftions of a King > who was then but
fifteen years old : A Prince very Angular , and jealous of his
authoj'icy 5 which yet he underftood not at all, and more apt to
believe the worft, than the beft : It was a matter of no great
difficulty to perfwadehim, that the Marfhal d' A'U'f^ aimed at
a power would prejf.idice his , and that the Queen Mother was
ccjkifenting to it , that fhe might continlie the rains of Govern-
ment, as in his Minority , in her own hands J For the infolen-
cies which alwayes accompany great Favourites were exrearne ir^
the Marfhal ^ Ancre ; and the Queen Mothers negleft of her
fonne too apparent : So that Luynes having before hand dealt
with De.igcn-t the chief Deputy of B^rbm ,' who was Intcfidanc
of the fin^inces , caufed him that night to entertain the King
with adifcourfcof the mifchicvous plots were contriving againft:
him J and out of hopes of fome great advancement , he made
his treachery againft his Mailer the foundation of the defigne :
Marclllac , his Afibciate > was he who had formerly betrayed the
Prince to the Queen 5 and nowbetrayesherto the King: Def.
fflaris an ordinary Souldier in the King's Guards , had a fhare ia
this employment too , for that he had been a fervanc to Bran-
tes y who was brother to Luyncs : In fliort, in the contrivance
of thIsdelTgn were employed only bafe and infamous perfons;
but to yityy Captaine of the Guards was the execution of 1%
commicced , who was commanded to kill the Marfhal , and for
recompence, was promifedtobemade Marflial of F/*<j;^dr<r; which
accordingly he performed as he was entring the Louvre : At
the fame time were arrefled alfo the Marllial d^ Jncre's Lady ,
M^t'f^got ^ theBidiopof L//Cij;z anlBrrbin , and then were the
Chancellour de SiUery, D,i Fm ^ Keeper of the 5ea1s , ViUeroy^
and the prefident J.z.'W« fcnt for to refume their Offices. After
this wQrc the Queenes guards taken from her , and fome of the
King's lippointed to wait on her : A Gallery alfo that led from
her Chamber to a Garden fhe had caufed to be made , was bro-
ken down J nor was fhe fuffered , without leave , to fee any
thing , bat the fad converfion of her authority and liber-
ty , into a lor/ and dcfpicable condition , and miferable fer-
ritude. ,
ExurefTes were fent into all parts to give notice of this change,
all hofliliry ceafes , every one returns to the Court , where all
flrive, who fhould foonefl and mofl impudently renounce that ,'
^hichbu: four and twenty hours before ^ they adored^ It being
the
Book I. The LMemolres of the Duke <?/Rohan. 4 5
the property of generous fouls only to follow thofc in their ad-
verfe » v/hotn they honoured ip their more profperous fortune ^
The Duke o( Rohan got leave tovifit the Queen-mother , the
flrength of whofe conftancy was IHU fuperiour to the violence o£
her prefTures : And thens feeing himfelf regarded with a frown-
ing eye , and taking fmall plcauire to fee thofe he had fo lately
fought againft to be the only welcome perfons , goes into l?ied^
mont 5 where he arrived a little after the caking of Verfeily and
paffing the Summer there , he faw an aftlon worthy co be ob-
served , and related. "Don Vcdro de Toledo^ after he had taken
Vn*/«/j which bad endured a long fiege 5 to refrefli it, divided his
Army||into Montferrat, and the Dutchy of Milan. , and quarters
ic about Alexandria ^ a Countrey abounding income, and all
manner of necelfaries : In the meane while the Duke of Savoy's
Army recruited , and the Treaty of peace was ftill continued by
the mediation of the Cardinal Ludovijio on the Pope's behalfj and
B^^te on the King*s ; ftveral conferences had they with VonVe^
dro -3 In the interim of which 5 the Marflial Lcfdigaires , who
comrraanded the relief fentby the King to the Duke of S^iz'oy , to
defend his Scates , but not to attempt upon the Duchy of Milafz j
having fent to difcover how the Spamjh Army lay, made a propo-
firion to beat up the Quarters of two thoufand men , that lay in
Fel'U'an , a Village that was but flighciy barricadoed y and feated
in the middeft of all the other Quarters : proving by many rca-
fonsj that 5 though at lifirftght the defigne might feeme very
hazardous) yet really was it not fo 5 for that marching that way
one night with all his forces , at break of day he beat up that
Qjartcrj which hindered the Sp/za^^; Armies rallying , and was
the reafon rhat thofc he had left behinde him 5 having no retreat,
were utterly lofl. This motion took the wifhed efFed ; For the
Duke ofSd^oj having appointed his Rendezvous at /^y?, marched
by a private way 5 which avoided Nice arid La Roque , and came
to Feliffaa , which was inftantly begirt , and forced ? for they had
no need of the Canon > which Shombcrg Marfhal of the Camp ,
was bringing up with the Rear-guard , with which he was com-
manded to take in a Caftle ? to fecure the provifions , which he
did : The next day was taken a place called ^^atordec'^'m which
were four hundred fouldiers: The fame day the Duke of Savoy
gives the Duke oi Rohan, three hundred horfe , to cut ofl- fome
Cavalry of the eriemies 3 that were coming from -^/£';(r<z;z^r/^ : As
he was marchrng to execute that defigne , he difcovers 300. horfs
and iioo.foot marching from Ca'^al to Alexandria; He makes to-
wards them with his whole party 3 but) notwichftanding he ufed
all diligence poffibkj he ^ouid not reach them before it was
' " ■ dark.
44 The (J^iemoires of t^el>uk£ of Kohm, Book I,
<3ark> an^that the enemy had Hieltred hioifelfin a veryadvan-
geous hold y A propofition was then made for the incamping round
about thein J and fending that night for two thoufand horfe, that
might be ready there to defeat them by break of day ; and I be-
lieve this project might have taken ; But the confideration of lea-
ving the reft of the Infantry at Fe'ijfuft in the middeft of the
eneraies Quarters , who might eajfiiy beat them up j caufed them
to^rcfolve upon a retreat : So that after a dayes ftay at Ftliffaiiy
they marched towards Nice, which they furrounded , and in
twice four and twenty hours , was the Town forced , and the Ca-
ft!e furrendrcd 5 in which were near two thoufand fighting men :
- The next day finding -^-^ i^o^/ze quitted , they purfue thofe that
were of the garrifon , who were all Swit'^crs , whom they over-
- took 3 and made prifoners: Thus in the fpace of one week? were
taken four thoufand fiv:: hundred of the enemies army ; whicli
being fo weakc:n^d : and the Duke of Savoy finding himfelf to
be more than twenty thoufand ftrong marching men j had defign-
ed to enter in to the Duchy oi MlU/iy when lo , from France
conifs the conclufion of the peace , with a Command to the
• Klarfhal Lefd'g'uercs to get the Duke of Savofs aflcnt to it? which
he effedicd : But return we now to the affairs o^ France,
Liipies feeing that fo fhort a time had vefted him with the en-
tire fpoyls of a moil eminent Favourites feven years toylejhaving
the fole infl-ienc;; upon i young Prince of fifteen years old? whofe
Mother he had mo'r tally off.- nde<i •> being himfelf but of mean
parentage , and without any fupport in the Kingdom, i^ot ftudied*
nor any way verfed in S:ate aflriirs? and yet governing all with
amoft abfo'Ute authority , makes ufe of Deagen^, and M<?ic«:as
his chief Co.mfcllois ; And the next care he had , was to
impofe a Confeffor upon the Klng» of an immediate dc-
pendance upon himfelf , fo to awe him by their fuperftition (a,
powerful engine to work upon the fpirit of a young Prince } and,
to place about his perfon petty inconfiderable fellows , who arau-
fed him with childifn tayes, and kept fo clofe a fiege about his per-
fon, that none could be admitted fo much as to fpeak to him in
private: After this he caufed the Queen-niother to be conveyed
to B//?^, where fhe was moll: ftridly guarded : And then> that
he might enrich himfelf with her wealth alfo , proceeded to the
arraignment , and trial of the Marfhal i* Ancre's Ladyj in which
he ufedfuchunlavfulfollicitations , and took fuch unafual cour-
^ fes to procure her death j that at her execution^ the former ha-
tred of thePJA',';.i»y againft her was far exceeded by their paffi-
cnate commifera.tlon of her prefent calamities ; caufed Ma^goi
to be confined tohis ownho^^s ? ^^^c Eifiiop of luco-i to be rele-
gated,
iBook I. TheMcmoires^oftheVnl^ofKohzii, ^<;
gated to >4 "^ig^o;^ 5 and B.i>i;/« was fent to thcB^f/jV/c; and then
marries the Duke of MoKf^<z\o;2's daughter to ftrengthen hira-
felt with an Alliance not obnoxious to en vie 5 having for that rea-
fon refufed the Duke of Vcndofm\ fifler.
Whenhe had ordered thcfethings after this manner, hecaufed
to be convened at /?o/ir»^ the mofl eminent of the NobUity? to-
gthcr with the principal officers of the Pailiamenti. (called the
iiireinbly of Notables) that without parting fiom the K.ng at alU
he might put Ivmfelf in poiTeflion of the governiriint of Norman-
fjly where the difunion of the Grandees, their infiddity, and pu-
fiilanimityjtogether with the lafe and fcrvile Ipirits of the Offi-
cers and Deputies of the Parliaments, prefent at this Aflembly,
confirmed the Authority of thi:; upftart Favourite , fo that every
one yeildingto his yoak , he began now to think himfclf fuifici-
cnt to difpofe even of Fortune her felf.
The Duke o^ Ko/;^», who was now allyed to him by his wife,
who was of his family, courts him too, among the reft, endeavour-
ing to reconcile him rather to the Q-iecn, than-the Prince, who
from his Prifon had already fent him Ovetturcs and prcmifeSr
that in exchange of his liberty, he would fupport him with his
affiftance , and fixe him in an impregnable condition j He told
iiim, that he could not Jong, keep them both prifoners ; that he
that was there before, his advancement cowld have no colour to
lay his reflraint to his charge j and that it was an eafie matter to
hinder his deliverance, that the Queens condition was different,
who one time or other would efcape from himj for though ftie
were kept alfo under guards, yet was it with more refpeft 3 and
hot as prifoner j and that fuch guards were not fo fecure : He
added moreover , that if the Prince regained any power in the:
State he would be a more dangerous oppoiite than the Q,}_een-
Mother coidd , that he was of a good wit, quick, highly ambi-
tiousjand covetousjthat though he was not of a vindicative nature,
yet was he not obliging neither , nor had he the leafl friendfhip
for any one J that being not able to detaine thcra both ftill in
prTon, it was neccfTary he fliould ftrengthen himfelf with the af-
fiftance of one of thena; and that however he had difpleafed,
the (^ueen, yet would ftie prove his furer prop > for that flie was
not fo prone to intermeddle with the aflairs , as the Prince wasi
and the jealoufics that were i3etween the King and the Queen
(which he knew well enough how to mould to his ownaavaniage)
v/ould be his fecurity againft them both j Liiynes Teeming latU-
fitd with the fe arguments , encoui aged the Duke by all means to
mediate this reconciliation ; who leaving a fei vant nan ei La Fcr-
If, who was an intimate 6:iehd' of Larbir^Sj had by that means an
op-
45 The LMemolrcs of the Duke tf/ Rohan. Boot t
opportunity to let him know the fervlce he intended to the Queen
his Miftreire, to which the Duke of MontbaT^riy Mj»w his Father-
in-law, was alfo much inclined. Barbin^ fl^y the naeans of Bour-
nortville^ Governour of the B/zi?/7/^5 where he was a prifonerj gave
the Queen intelligence of what had paiTed, advifing her to write
letters to the King, Luynts, and to the Duke of Montba':(^n. ; to the
firft, full of complaints of vindication of her felf, and of relped:;
to the other two to do her all good offices to the King : tlie
draughts of which letters were firft carried to the Duke of Kohan-y
ivho amended them, and corrcfted the acrimony of fome exprefli-
onsinthem; But theBifliop who was to carry thsfe letters , in
whom JS^r^i?? greatly confided, proved falfe, and moft perfidloufly
betrayed the whole plot; yet, according to the inftruiS ions
he received from Veagcdt, made he feveral journeys to the Queen,
but with treacherous purpofes to work the ruine of her , and all
clfe that had a hand in this bufinefle : But feeing that this defign
tended only to a reconciliation ? and yellded no colourable pre^
fences to ground any accufation on, they fl[ie to fubtllties 5 and in
Bourmnvillt's name, defire a Ring from the Queen, as a teftimony
of her acceptance of his fervlce , for that being brother-in-law
to the Maribal V'ltry , he could not otherwifc believe fhe could
have any good thoughts of him ; .The Q^ueen, though fomewhac
furprized with this demand, yet could it not raife any jealou Ties
in her, for that the Bifliop who was employed in all thcfc errands^
was a creature of Barbms, made fome difficulty to part with the
Ring he defired, as unwilling to give any thing that was not wor-
thy of her, but promifed to have one bought purpofely at Parls^
But he iqiportuned her fo much, that fhe took one from one of the
Ladies attending her, and gave it him: The Bifhop carries it to
Dfk^^f;?/^, who kept that, and caufed another to be made juft like
it, which he conveyed to BourmnviUe^ as if fhe had voluntarily^
and of her own accord fent it him : After this they infufed jca-
loufies into the King-sthat the Nobility had a defign to furprize the
Louvre to introduce the Queen, and rcflablifh her in her former
. authority, and that all that were of the confpiracy, wore a blew
Ring on their finger, which was the cognizance of the party :'^
And Luyn.es one day fhuts the Duke of Kohan into his chamber >
where he entertained him with difcourfes, that the King was cer-
tainly informed that he. was alwayes much devoted to the Queens
fervice, that he knew all his machinations for that end, and the
fccret negotiations of LuFeyte-y but of regard of his alliance to
him, he had prevailed with the King to pardon him, and there-
fore now it was tic he fhould tell him all; This propofition was
wichrauchdii"dainercje«fledby the Duke, who replyed, that he
ik)ok t. TheMemoIresoftheVukeofKoh^in. 47
was no Informer, and that he was glad they knew his anions whicH
had no other aime than the King's fervice; that he confelTcihc
vvasa fcrvanttothe Queen-Mothcr> and that ir was the duty cf
every good Frenchman fo to be.
After all thefe contrivances, and many others which neve came
to my knowledge La Ferte was taken prifoncr , and committed to
ihc Bafiillei confronted with Barlin^^nd both of them were brought
to their tryal 5 and notwithftanding the importunate follicitations
made in favour of them, and were admitted of purpefely to in-
langle more people, the refult of all was, the depriving BtfW??o»-
•vUlcoi the Bajiilley the perpetual banifliment of Barbin, and of
i^Fcr?^ for five years, who, notwithiftanding never ftirred at all
frorh his Mafter.
Thefe violent procedures filled the Queen wiih great fears and
jealoufies, and made her more folicitous to free her felf from this
captivity, being now well affured that the hopes Luyncs gave her
of it, fometimesby Cadanety Sometimes by hlode^te were but only
to amufe her, efpecially when fhefaw that the negotiation of /^r-
Ttditx the Jefuite and the King's ConfefTour came to nothing ; this
Jefuiie made the King folemnly fwear at Confeffion, never to dif-
like what Lfjynes did , nor to meddle himfclf with any State
affairs.
Theconfiderationof all thefe things made her at length re-
folve to work her enlargement 5 and co efFed it, by the advice of
the Marfhal BdmUon^ ilie made choice of the Duke a* Efpcrn.on.9
whom £he knew to be a man of great power? valour, and prudence;
Buthe wasdifpleafed with her, and came to Court with full in-
tention to fide with the King 5 he muft therefore be brought a-
bout; which the Qiieens fervants derivJrg much advantage from
the Favourites ill conduft, very dextroufly performed : And fiill>
they terrifie Lu-yntf with the great power, and haughty humour of
the Duke d* Esp^rnon -, qualities not tolerable by one who almes'
at a general adoration: On the otherfide they exafperate the
l)uke, who v/as of a touchy nature, and unacmftcmed to a bafe
and fervile fubjedion : The firft occaficn they took from his at-
tempts to promote his youngeft fonne to a Cardinalaty for the
which he was the firft upon the Roll, and received all pofTiblc af-
furance of it, but was put by, by the cenrrivances of WHleroy^ wiio
.preferred Marquemont : But '^illcroy dyirg immediately after, he
continues his purfuit, with great hopes fiill : But the Cardinal de
^ff^ having made Ce^gf»f 5 and by that means gained i-z/Fiffjcar-
tied it J but not without obliging himfelf bypromifes uimorthy
a pcrfon of Cjuaiity, with poor and infamous fubmifiicns, which
beftiUfoteligioufly obfervcd, that being aftcrwaids n?adc.Prc~
48 The Memoir e jf of the Dnke of Rohzn, Book I."
(laent of the Council, he feemed rather to do the daty of a Depu-
ty to D^^e^ttf, thanofaCardinah . r j • t
This was opportunely feconded by another occafion derived
from the Keeper of the Seals, Du S^ir, who, hurried by his own
pride, or the inftigation ot thofe thatwere defirous of new trou-
bles , would needs take place at the Councd-table, of all the
Dukes and Peers of Frmce : The Duke d' Efieraon. , as the mofl
ancient that was then there , complains , in the name of all the
reft , of it to the King^ , who took it ill from him , and the in-
tereft of the Gown-men,was preferred before that of the Pee; s of
France : This ftomached him fo, that he brake out into many bitter
jnvedlves , even againft the King himfelt ; fo that it was no hard
matter to perfwade him that there was a defigne to fend him to
the B.tftme, confideringthelatePrefidentsbetore his eyes : The
Qieensfervants, (who would not difcover any thing ot their in-
tentions to him while he remained in V^ns) fo handfomely im-^
proved his jealoufies, that one morning very early , and ujthouc
taking leave of anybody, he goes thence to Ai:/^- When he
was there, Kiiccelay, the whief contriver, and manager of the
whole proied begins with him, by moving a reconciliation be-
t.vecnhim, andW Mii fhal Boi^'te ; and then imparts to hiin
the Queens defigne , with her req left to him , to procure her k^.
berty , with many large promifes annexed to it, of vvhich , m
fuch cafes none are fparing : The almoft infupcrable difficult.es
and dangers of this cnterprife, together with the ingratKude, the
iifual recompcnce Princes reward great ferviccs withal , at h, It
ftartlcd, and caufed fomc hefitation in the Duke of E.permn : But
then the glory would attend the execution of fo high and noble a
defigne, the indignation he conceived at the fmall regard was had.
of him , together with his defire of revenge,' rpaflions predomi-
nating in alf great courages) overcame all the fuggeftions of his
•fears : When he hadrefolved on it, he proceeds^in it with tnac
caution, fccrefie, and crood Fortune, that having made all necef-
fary provifions for Aie/^, where the Kmg , purpofely to keep him
at a diftance from the Court, where he feared him, amufed him
with pretended and imag'iniry defignes, he paflcs through Frmce
into his oQtfQvv\mimsQ( Xaimonge y and Aftgoul mo ^s y and there
effeded The Qaeen-Mothers deliverance , on the one rnd t ven-
tieth of February one thoufand fix hundred and nineteen, who
cam- from Blois to Lochcs , a place belonging to the Duke, who
there went to receive herwlchtwoor three hundred Gentlemer;j
who all conduced her to Ari-goaiefme. ^
This efcapc of the Qjecn caufed a great confufion at the
Court, where it was conceived that her party was much more
numerous
humerous, or that k might quickly fwell to a bigger bufe j whcrfe-
for€ great preparations were made for war > that tbre cftfuirg pcatc
iftvight be raor« advantageous : The command of the Anny 10 hs
fcnt againfV the Queen was given to the Duke of Maytf" ,- who
was thought CO be the moft an enemy to lier > and moft faithful ro
Luyntsy and bccaufe it was conceived that It would be acceptable
rohimy to him alfo was committed the charge of the negotiati-
on-of Sfffe«»f: Sollicitations werealfo made in the behalf of the
Bilhop of Lueoti f who till then had remained in exile in Aviga.oTi)
for his return to the Queen 3 and inforccd with promlfcs made in
hisiiame, by his brothei; in LavV Voftt CouYlcy , foiiiclihc tlte
Queen to fuch a peace as fhould ihoot with' the Kind's' defires* and
alio to fowe jealoufies between the principal aiithori of her de-
liverance 5 in which he flailed peiiher of his CRdeavoury , nor fuc-
ccfle. TocKitcclAy , who had as largely contributed to her liber-
ty as any one 3 left her in difconrent 5 and drew with him the Mar-
i^tffc of Mauny <i SindThemines , who aftenvards proved one of
the grcateft enemies totheC^e6n> who found herlelf but In a
bad condition ro engage in a war? byreaion that rtiany envied
the gallant adion of the Duke d* EFfe-inon^ ffw would fubmitto
his imperious humour, and every one believed that all would end
in ptacejand were therefore unwilling to imbarque in an affair^by
which they fhould gaihe nothing but the King's dlfpleafure , and
hatredawhilcft others carried away the glory of the enterprife : For
which reafon alfo the Duke of Rahan y being fought tb, by thfc
Queen, fent her word , that he was much troubled that he was
not privie to , and imployed in the beginning of her defigne;
which if he had , he would have ferved her moft faithfully ; Biic
being at Court thes when fhe made her efcape,he was commanded
by the King to his government olVo'icioin to preferve ic in peactj ?
that, foi- his part he would do her jlo harmc, but advlfed her to
make a peaccjin which he was confident BethftH-c would ferve her 7
and that being in full liberty, and fecurity, {he would have iTicr?
favorable convenicncics to raife a greater number of fervants an:^
friends than at prcfent : Schombcrg did dear c othefwife fortacn-
deare hirafelf beyond the other Zealots for her ruinejhe laid a plor
toWowhcr up by firing the Magazine at AngGiilcf.ne^\sh.\ch was
happily difcovered, and prevented. At length v/as a' peace ccri-
duded , and ziZziTourT was the interview , between the Kin<^ • and
the Queen-mother , to whom w3sgiy,enothc government of An-^
JDu, and for her better fecurity,the C&fkbs is^ Afi-gicrsyront de Ce,'
indchinojt.
Come wc now to the affairs of &drtiy- tke- fourfe and rlfeof'
•iiwr evils > whi«U wiUrctra^ our yiew as far back as the death
of
50 ^^^ Mcnjoires of the Vuk^ of Rohanl Book.L
of the Marfbal d' Ancre , after which "Du. Van , Keeper of the
Seals 5 being reftored to his Office ; upon the foUicitatiors of the
Bilhops of .Bc^r»j and imagining he fhould do fo eminent an
adion 5 as v\ould[gaine him fuch reputation at "Rome , would ad-
rance him to the dignity of a Cardinal , he procured an order of
the King's Council , forreftoring to the Ecdefiafllques of that
Countrcy their goods that were formerly aliened by authorityjond
had for fourty , or fitty years been imployed for the maintenance
of their Minifters , Academy, and the Garrifon in the Fort cal-
led N^x/iirn /2J. L^ Foy^', then Governour of that Countrey> was
at Court at the fame time , and mainly oppofed the Order, {hew-
ing the difficulties would obftruft it , and the inconveniencics
might arife from it 3 which I conceive he did with very Hncere in-
tentions : But being over-powered , turns his defires to his
ov\B private advantage 5 andpromifes to promote the execution
of it 5 upon condition he might be made Marfhal of Tranccy
which was promifed him : Buteither the difficulties he metwich-
all, or rage to fee himfclf laughed at at Ccurtjmade him refolvc
10 fland it out againft all ; In which he met with great oppofiti-
on in the Countrey ? occafioned by thofe of the houfe of Ben.aCy
backed with the Count of Grammond ^ his deadly enemies , and
by the politick practices of the Court, fo that he was now hated
by all parties for not doing what he might for the fatisfadion of
cither.
The Duke of Kohan. , who was his friend , patronized him
ftillat Court, and , feeing that the Kings Ccmmiflioner Renard
caft all the blame of the ill fuccelTe he had in his voyage upon La
Force, ufed all means pofliblc to ccmpofe the bufineflc , {hewing
that if the Province of Beam fhould addrc{re themfelves to the
Reformed Churches of Trance ^ their particular might grow into
a general caufe, from whofe circumflances might arrive fome ac-
cidents not eafie to be remedied, and that it was the wifefl couife
to quench this fire before it were throughly kindled : That it was
mofl reafonable ({ince the thing was begun) that the King fhould
receiv;;fatisfadion , and the Countrcy alio {houl4 belccured;
sfld that partial peifons were mofl: unfit to be imployed in it; 1 hefe
reafons were the better relifhed , for that they already began to
difcover fe veral A{femblics in the ProvJECcs, and to fear the event
of them; And now ^. ere things in fo fair a way, that the Duke
o^Kehan had obtained a re-imburfcment of the Itke fum of money
reflored to the Eccleiia{liq!res, to be had out cf the next rcceiptsj
and in cafe of nonpaymenr, permiflion was granted to the Coun-
ir?y to fcile again upon the goods cf the Ecclefiafliqves. But for
ssrauch as-L/i f#?ff fouixJ nos his advantages in this accommoda-
lioir
Book I. The (iMemolres 6f the Duke <>/ Rohan, ^i
tio'ri, he was cafHy induced to rejeft it , complaining to.tf*
Court , that tb difcredit him thus y was the way to difable hiui
for any future ferYlccs, and to thofeof the Religion, that it was
an introduftiontothc ruine of the Reformed Religion in their
Country: And notwithftandiog that all the Churches of F.- <«»?(•,
were , upon eood deliberation » fatisfied wi h this agreementj yet
hiver cauld the people be induced to it , fo that the difpute lafted
till the Convocation of the General Aflembly of thofe of the Rc-
lij^ion at Loadun » the three and twentieth of May, ©ne thoufaiid
iJx hundred and nineteeh.
Luyites in the mean tinie did all the HI offices he could to the
Duke of Rohan. , endeavoured to criminalize him , for buying the
government of MaiUc\ais , of Aubigny , and of a private houfc
\n?o':6ton which was very ftrongj and which he compelled him
to pull down J having, but a little before it was razed, engaged
fome in an attcnrtpt to furprize it j and though thofe that had un-
dertaken if> were taken as they were teady to put their defignc iii
execution* yet ordered he things fo , that he could npthave ju-
ftice done upon them : Afterthis, having releafcd the Prince from
the Ba§fiUe , to ftrcngthen hirafelf with his power againft the
Queen J and the Prince declaring himfelf an open enemy to the
Duke ibf Kohanj the Duke refolves to adhere entirely to ths
Queens fervice , of which he went to A??.giers to affure herj and
undcrftandirigof the party was raifihg for her , he advifed her not
to (lay there 5 but to r cmo\Q to Bo^rdeai^X'^ tha-t her moftfaichT
full fervants were the Dukes of MayfiCy Espermn, and Rohan-j that
being there,fHc would have a powerful Parliament w declare fer
her , and that there (he was fecure from any inyafion before (ht
had an army ready to difpute the £eld •, that if fiie fliyed at ^«^
gier^,-a.nd that if Pont de Ci were taken from her.fhe and her v/hole
Party would be loft without one blow ftriking ', that (az ought ta
eive the greater confidence to this Council , becaufe it was i6
his own dlfadvatitage , for that being fo near the King, He was
like to be the firft would fuflTer. , . ,.
To this (he anfwered, That (lie much approved of hlsReafons^
but that if flie (hould follow his advice , ic would givc the Duke
d* Espernm fiifpitions that (lie intended, to put herfelf wholly into
the hands of the Duk e of M^y4e i Kefides , the:. hopes the Loun-
lefll: of ^(j'j/Towr gave hcr from NO'r/iaK.dy ^ built upon he Sonne*
hi law the Duke of LohgneviU: ., who ^vavi tately made Govcrnour
of that Province 5 and was Mailer of D'eppe^and theGiandPrior
who held Ca^n^ and both of them !iad great, corrcfpondsinces in
Ro'iien , prevailed Co upon her , that fhe \iOu\6. l>y no riieans budge
from Mgkfi I But dcfirei that the Aifembly as Liid^m^ ^/'^^^ be
E 2. coiitiouedj
<f 1 Tke Memoires of the Dnks of Rohan. Book I.
€oncinued> which might hate bceoeffcfted, but ihen it muft
have been by making fuch a di^ifion as at Saumnre j when ihf
Dukeot /?9/>-2» had conferred about it with the chicfcft friends
he had in the AlFcmbly , and among others , with the Count of
Qrvaly his biocher-in-Law > who was very powerful among them,
they concluded to accept of what the King offered, rt?;. Within fix
BQoneths CO give the AfTvrablyfatisfadion inthcaffaii of Bearne,
and the reftituticn of t^eto:ir, one of their cautionary To\' ns >
i^hlch if not performed , then (hould the AlTembiy convene a-
galn within one moncth after, and that at Rachel: This very
Wll plcafedthc Q^ccn , to whom it was £u:ther maaifeftcd> that
ihis new Convocation , being in fpight of the Court, to be in the
mo(V considerable Town of their party, where none butfhcmoft
rcfolued would corae> and fi mly blnde the Aflemblyto her, to-
j^ethw with all the Reformed Churches in the Kingdom ; But
wjthal they defired her , that in cafe any peace was made, they
Baigiht be fatisfied concerning their two demands touching Bw>w,
fend teatmYy which flic prcmifed.
Now, fo violent and tyrannical was the goverrmen'* of Lftjwx,
chat it had wearied all the world , and even his beft friends alfo^
as the Duke of M^'^ic-^ for whom, a little before, he had pro-
cured the Government of Guienne , in exchange for that of tha
Ifle of TMHce ; and, not fatikficd with this, he gives it to the
I>uk* of Morttbd'^i histather-in-lawjandfeizcsupon that of Pi-
r*^"^ with aH the FortrefTes there , and in lieu of it gives that of
^§^mandy to the Duke of Len^Heville, Moreover, he and his two
brothers were made Dukes, and Peers of F/ an-cc ^ and all vacanc
Offices, EcclefiafticalBeneficesr and Pen/ionswere ingroflfedi by
thefe three brethren, and d.flributed among their poor kindrea
that flocked in to them , from the parts about Av'ignoft: So tha£
jealou/Ic, and envic', together with the badde admlnifti ation of
the publique affairs had rendred them (o odious , that everyone
betook hjmf.lf to the Queens party i Even the Prince of Pif^
Vtonty towhofe marriage with Madam the King's fiffer, he had,
not Irrg before occafroned j Lnynes. feeing himfelf charged oa
every fide , but fupponed by the Prince , perfwades the King to
prevent the Qiieen his Mother j and whiles by divers mcfiengcrs^
he entertains her with hopes of an accommodation, and corruptly
and feduces her followcrrj he makes frefh levies of fouldicrsj which'
^c perceiving, does the like, andby the Vicounr5<»'<:^/^»y fendi
a letter ro his Majeflyco let him know, haw fhe-isconflxaincd.
46 providefor the fecurity of her pcrfon , to fave her (elf from th«
fory of her enemies, who abufing his-authonty, imployicoo ruinff
her. This j with jhe advice of the Prince a half ens the King
in;o
Book I. The LMefHoireiofthe Duh of Rohan.' 5 1
inco Normiftdy, to fccure that Provincc» which was in 1 tottering
condition , and much enclined to the Queen ; but his Prcfencc,
though accompanied with but a fmall force5foon fettled all : /?»«?«
is feCLired , Caeft ycilded , AUncort alf«, and all the Nobility fub-
mit. This hippy and unexpefted fucceflfe makes him piocccd
to M^ins , and thence ftraighc to J/tgters ; Great was the confu-
sion this caufcd in the other party, cfpecially in the Bi(hop of
Lucon , who not fuffering the Q^^een-mochcr to go where her
grcateft forces lay , for fear left (he (Hould get out of h s tuition^
makes her refolve upon a pitiful defence in a town of no confidera-
tion y and an enemy to her party , that fo intangling her in ft ne-
ceflity of fubmitting to an inglorious Accommodation, he might
make his own peace upon better termcs ; which he did , and frotu
chat time He ever held intJligencc with the King's party. More-
over the Duke oCR.t'^^i whether it was, that his Uncle the
Cardinal de Rf% had gained Him before, or whether his ap-
prehenfion of the danger had altered his mind , moft certain it is,
that feeing the King's forces ready to fall on upon the workfc of
Po>it de Ce, of which he had undertaken chc defence, upon an ima-
ginary difcontent that a peace was concluding without ha privity,
nc fuddenly quits them, and wiA all his troops repaffestfie Loir^^
Thus wisPont de Ce taken, andthcQieen who had thirty thou»
fand good men ready in Gmettn-Cy PoifloK^i Xaintongc , and Angoit'
tnoif ywtis vanquifhedbylive or fix thoufand only, and reduced
to a necefllty of accepting fuch Articles as her enemies pleafcd co
vouchfafe her ; according to which, and her own particular ord«r,
the Dukes of Maifte, d* E^rmn, ^dhariy ajid SMxe laid dow/l
cheir Armes*
Of
Book II.
If
<«« cav nr n» £K S '^
THE
Memoires
OF T H F
DUKE o( ROHAN:
The iccond Book.
Containing a Relation of the Warre againjlthofe
of the Reformed Religion in Fraacc.
ND now are we arrived at the fourfe of all our
evils J and fatal commencement of tkc Warres
againft thofe of the Reformed Religion. The
King, having thus happily put a period to this
War, goes to BoitrdeauXy where he fupprefles the
authority of the Duke o( Mainey and command*
the BeamQls that the late Decree be put in execu-
tion : But they , neither knowing how to obey him, nor defend
ihemfelvesj oblige him in perfoi^ to a voyage into Eearn : And
there it was they firll began to flight and laugh at the performance
of th.'ir pirol engigeme'nts •, For the next day after their arrJ/aU
and a folemn: promiferaade to the B:ar?iois to prcferve their pri-?
vil^dg:s cmire^were they totally dereftcd of them, by ihe rc-uni
E 4 on-
^6 The ' C^femoires of^he 7>uke c/Rohan. BjOok IL
'en of BaneioVriiK'.?^ and changing, contrary to the engage-
ment of ihcir (aith given the Governour of Uxvarrms.
NIorecyerit istj? be known, that the Deputy general Tavas,
■^ho vyas in piijftopf th^ gpyerpfficnt diLeStomm the behalf of
Jiisfoi^, fh(5 more to induce th« Court to yeild tohif requeft,
threatncd to fcn4 to thole at Ko^fef/ to convene the Affcnnbly ge-
neral, according ro the pQ^ycr given them by the AiTembly at Lou-
iitutt : But feeing, that prevailed not to compafle his defigne ? and
Botconfidering how unfearonable it was, he writes to thofe of
Kcc'ncl , from Bo^^rdeaux, to CAufe the faid Convention, advifing
ihem alfo to repair therr fortifications ; And thus are the publiquc
continually fwallowed up by private Imerefts.
'W^hen the King was returned tp Ftfrif} the Affcmbly general
mQti^2t Rcch^rajfidfaq^oj ftilj fello^es the Court jjto finde fome
mtans to accompKfh his dcfircf; His Majefty iHthe-firft place,
foibids the hold in[!, of the faid Aflembly, next commands their dif-
folution , and lailly declares ihen^ Traytors : The chief of thofe
of the Religion, conceiving that great prejudice to them would
atrerd^heir obftinacy, \vcr8of opipion that ihev werebefttodif-
folve upon cercain conditions, of which they nad hopes given
ihcm from the Court : But the Letters which F^^t/^fent thence,
$og4th« with the particular difceBtcnts of i-i F^wfc, and C/?^/?//-
Un-j by reafon cf the hard ufage the one received in his Offices,and
a defire the oclier ha4 to h^ve more, occafioned the continuance
of the Aflembly; whence the King took a pretence to profecute
his defjgiies to the utterm.oft , to which, the bafeneflc, and trea-
chery of the Gcvjrnours of the Cautionary Towns facilitate^
i^^is ^ccefle.
It is K> fee obf^rv^, that before the Kings departure from Tariff
the Dukes ^f V^^^rf 2^ ^;;i^e were in great; dlfeonteut retire^
Irxo Champ c^nc-, and the Count of S e^ jf 01s 10 TienUv an It : The
Duke de Layn:^^ that he might no-: leave fuch thorns in his bacjc,
was vevy dci^pous to rect^r.cUe them; and to move them to it, f a-
vas v/as fent to infor^-ie the Dukes, that he was now going to
the Affembly with full fitiifa^ion to all their demands, and that
it would be prudence in them to comply, before the detcrminatioia
^i that affair ; she hk« fpeech was made to the Count cf Soijfans
|»y il'ilta.rnoul^ which wrought all their returns to the Court , and
©cfiafi©r>«d the re«eneilii«iw between the Cardinal ^G/^/'/f, and
Afr^f the rfduc'.ng of thefe Princes, the affyrance ViUaYmKl
gave of 5tf;JrftW^^, thcdtffeftionof the Governour* of iheCauti-
onaty Towns' ia Pi>^^^>the revolt of Pardail^s* with apart o(
l8>,V£i^ne^ thst 'itCUji^lkit in the !«wcr Lungiadoc^ ^nd that by the
^ ^ ' • '■ ' ■' " '■ •' prifence
Book II, The LMcmolres fifth Duke o/Rohan^ 57
prefence of the Duke de Lefdlgniens they were aflurci alfo oC
Danphin.2 ; the King fets forth? not to a Warre , bur a certainc.
Viftory : The Duke de Luyttes , lately made Conftable o£
frarucy goes with him 5 who fo Abfolutely pofleffed his Matter*
favour , mat in the progrefs of this Warre, we {hall fee, not the
intentions of the King 5 butthe Treafons and difloyalties of thjj
Upftart executed , who having by that means crept into a fortune^
ruled all with a Soveraign power which he continued even to hif
death, leaving the King's Council fuch a Copy > whofe imitation
vould prove the ruine of the Kingdom.
The firft teftimony of the lubricity* and infinccrity of tbejf
words, was given at Saumure, which, to the Violation of the
fnUh engaged in his Patent , was taken fr©m Vu Vlejjis
Momay :' The fame fuccefle alfo had all the Towncs in Pw*
The Dukes of /Jofe/r^, and Seuh'i^ his brethcr, whohadoppo-
fed the convocation of the Aflembly , and earneftly endeavoured
their diflblution, when convened, feeing fuch a rout, refolved
not to abandon the party: TheConftable, who was their kinf-
,»an , many times fcnt to try their pulfes ; but neither his promi-
'^ lies, n«r threats^ made the Icaft imprcflion on their confciences ,
orfidtliry: The laft MefTenger was the Colonel Arttaudy who
brought them Letters from the King , full of perfwafions to ijuic
their rcfolutions , and intermixed with menaces of an inevitable
ruinc in cafe they obftinately perfcvered in them j and withal to
ice them know that the firft iiege would be that of Saint ^hn tt
Angely: But this jourrcy had a double end ; for, in cafe he pre-
vailed not upon the two brothers , he had Orders to copferrc with
the Major General Amac , who was then at Saim ^nUaii , a-
bouta quarter of a League from S<i/«r ^ohn y with fourthoufan4
men , to caufe him to put in execution a defign he was entred on 9
by means of the intelligence he had with the Captaines, G^//<7;ar,
and Vaux y and two of the inhabitants , whofe names were Ma.-
/«rer, ^n^Kequm ^ who had promifed , if he would approad*
with his Troops, and fall in upon the Suburbs called Mata , ajjd
thence makeup ftraightto the Gate , they would be ready therc^
with their confederates, and keep it open ; which Auriac attejn*
peed the very next day after Arnaud* sdc^rtwc from Saint ^ohn;
Butthe prefence of the Pukes of Rohan SLtidScubi^e , bothwhjcji
were yet in the Town , prevented their fuccefs ; Sokffiv^ wa^ rc-
felved to abide a Siege J and Rohan three dayes aftejr went to Ro-
ihtUty from whence he brought and putarfioufand men into the
Town , with above an hundred Gemlemenj be/ides two Barques
laden with all manner of provifions 5 gnd then went back to ^i^'^-
m<* ••-..: 'He
.5S Ths CMemciresoftheDiiksofKci:\ir\, Book If^
Hewasdciiredby the AiTembly to reconcile tx Force and
Vrfd.iillan. , ro which the former was very much inclined j but
^he och^r would not ^0 mach as fee the Duke of Kohm , by which
he clearly perceived his engagement 10 the Court : Lx Fore de-
fired Rohirt. to take a view of the Communalties of the lower
Giiiettite ^ that he might the bftter take order for the fecurity of
the divlfion th~ A{r:mbly had allotted him. From thence he goes
to Berge-fdc i S.nat fey, CUrac ^ and To:i-y.?tns , and thence to
Kerac , where the Chambc-? or Court of Juflice yet viasj but
wuft be removed 3 before they c^uldf-ccure the Caflle, where the
Court fare, and where the Prefident , a Kdmamrty lodged j who
after many contcfts -, at length withdrew with one Gentleman »
^yhom the Duke oi.Roh.vt gave him for his Convoy as tar as MiY'
viande : ButtHs Picfident mide but an unhandrorae return of
this civility : For when he returned to To?itiei/ts , he gave yig-
notes intelligence of it , who about a League from Tonne'mi lay
inambufhfor him , with fix or fevenfcore Gentlemen Volamiers
armed at all points , and three other Troops, who let rhem pafs >
and then the fi: ft Troop fcUowed their Rearc , the fccond mar-
chedupto flanckchcm, and tlie third, which was the ftrongeft ,
■between the other tsvo:; thit they might be ready to relieve the o-
ther upon all occafions: The Marqu;fs de la. Force , who com-
manded i?o'u^*s light Horfem'ii, was left to make good the re-
treat) with thirty of Li Fo-ce his guard, v/hom he caufed td ji-
light from their Horf-S, and thirty other Horfe , among which
there were but ten Cii'yrjijj'ts : The Mirquefs advcrtifes Ro-
Ihiit and^/'^ Fj c- , that the en^my marched to.vards him, where-
uponthey faceab-cit-i andad"'ance, commanding him to charge
them: Bucthefic-ftTroof^ inflcadof eceiving the charge , flew
off towards f^^g'o'es ; when prefcnrly half of L2 Forceps Guards
gave them a Volley j v/hich killed and fiurt about five or fix Men
and Horfes, which made them keep off ar a Mufquct {hot dl-
Itance from them. The fecond Troop , which fimked them,pc -
reiving a little Ditch between them ;indRob:iCi fell off, as the
firftdid; Which y g^ioles feeing, advanced not at all with the
third, fo that without any further interruption 5 they kept o^
their way to Ton-mlns : Among the Troops of Rohjn , ajid
jL« Force, were there but four teene Cmaff^s ; andof Gentlemen*
and their fervams, not above fevenry fix Horfe.
After this, Roh,in left Li force who very cxaflly knew the
Countrey of the lower Grncnn^ y and went from Nerac to Mon- -
taitbrn , fetching? a compafs of above five and thirty Leagues, by
reafon that the Mirlhil Thcmines lay in his way , and arrived ,
there on the eighteenth of J^ily , One thoufand fix hundred and .'
"■ ' ' twenty '
Cook II. The M<^inolres of the Titike «>/ Rohan. 5^
^enty one : At Me»tauba?t he received intelligence that Nerae
was befiegcd by the Duke of Maine , who commanded in to him
theMarfhal, and all the Nobility of Guyenne : Lx Force at the
lame time makes an attempt upon Cdumon-t , furprixes the Town,
and laycs a iiege to the Caftle ; The Duke of Maine having a
fttong Army , rcfolyes to releive it 3 and to continue the Siege of
Nerac alfo, in which he had a fortunate fuccefs ; and the Duke
cf^ Rohan, to divert Thcmines , lies down before Septfons , a
place belonging to himfelf j and when he had drawn him thither^^
with above five hundred Volunticrs 5 he retired to RealviUeyani
the Marihal to Puy-U Rgque r whence, after three or four dayes
abode there 5 he drew away againe, and the Duke went to Mon.-.
tauban, to preferve the adjacent Countrey from the ravage and
fpoile ir^tended by the Marflial, who followed him thither, where
there pafled between them fomc light skirmifhes, of no great con-
fequencc.
Whiles the Duke of Roban. remained at Montatihan. , came
news to him, of the rendition of Samt ^ehny and alfo of P(/«j ,
Yih\ch.yfz%{o\^hy Chaste aii-Muf , of the revolt of P^r^^///^^, the.
IpUo^ Sa'mt fey , and alfo of Bergerac , by the treachery of
TardaH/ai , anj, Van.ijfault j of the taking of 'Ncrac by rhe Duke
ci Maine ( vvh6 was drawing towards Gafcony ) which was fol-
Ipwed alfo with the lofs of Leftoiir , LeyraCyMas de f^erdknjMau"
VoiJi», znd ihc IJle- Jour dan ', all which places the Govcrnours
for money yielded up into the hands of the Duke o^ Maine, Nor.
did they behave themfclves better in the lower Guienne : For
Tournony Mont-Flanqutny Vuymirol , and divers other places,
were delivered by their Govcrnours i and, which is moft prodi-
gious, Favas , that was then with the Affembly general , at ^0-
chelle , ccmtnanded his fonne to give up to the King Capl-Ja-
loux y and Ca[lef^ two cautionary places, and remote from the
King's way about twelve or fifteen Leagues. In (hcMrt , of all
that great Province, no place made any ferablancc of op',
pofition but Clerac , which was well fortified and manned ,
I ^herc being in it fcomprifing the Inhabitantsj three thoufand figh-
'iJngmen.
Thefe great JofTcs made the Duk;e con<;cive, that feeing thcr^
! fed not been any refiftance made in La Force's divifion, he
ihould fuddenly have the Royal Army upon him: Wherefore
he takes care to provide iorlAontauban, marks fome of the out-
places necefTary to be fortified , makes up rhe Regiment of the
Count d' Orval ten Companies , reduces the Inhabitants into
thirty, and orders all things fitting for a long Siege, and refolycs
tl^jflafelf to go teCaffreSy thence into the \oviCr tun^ftcdoc ,' to
raife
6o Th iMemoiresofthe DukesfKoiun. Book 11^
raife up tKeirdejiftedlpirks there » and prepare fomc relief fori
He departs thence attended o« by his o^vii guards, and ac*
tempanied by the Count d* Orvd and his, fords oyer die
Rircr 'Tarn near the Ifie of Albi^eois , where he met with fomc
eppofiti^rt ; at this pafs , was die Captain of his guards wounded;!
the Captain* wkhfomeof die Count d.* Qrvots guards, ani
•ne of his Mdec were killed, and his Oendcmin ^ the Hoifc^
liad his Horre hurt .* Thus paflfed they to Caftres , whence
the Count ^ Orvd returned to HorttaubaK to cxpeft iktj
Siege
1« the mean while, iheDufec of-Ro&««, that he might loft
no time , fends to the JevetjcT , and the lower LaKguedoe , fori
fupply of four thoufaad men » and hehimfclf goes as far as M^^
Uudy where he underftood by the MefTengcrs he had fent thi^
ther, thatihoiigh the people were generally weW inclined, ye?
would the Artifices of the difaffeded prevail over their good inten-
tions, unlefs he himfdf adranced to die Sevenes.
Cha.pUo'ti et the fame time, fent SriqtcemaLt to theDulrC
©f Rohrn. , to invite hira to a conference , Which he accepted of >
and CO that end advmced as far as Saint H'ppp'yte, where tlit
tMBridnemxia returns a^aine to the Duke from ChujUUoft , to
let him kno.v , that he very much woodrcd that he O»ould enter
into the divilion allotted him , and thathefufpefted it was with
adsfjgn to prejudice his autWority: It wasanfvercdhim. That
certainly he had no good memory , and withal was fKewn hita
£hel,etter h* had written to the Duke, thit the only expedient
to drive him out of the Sev-n.es , andftophis pafTascs into the
lower Lin^iicdoi , was, not to impede the fuccours he had de-
manded) which rather than fail e of > he would encounter aU
difSculties whatfoever : that if he was defirous ot- an interview ^
he was vsry ready tofatisfiehim; and that if he would in pcr-
fwi go to the relief of Morstaicbcin , as he had offered, he was
Confident, they two would be able to procure the peace of tK<?
wb®le Kingdom.
In (hort, after he had ftrugled with many difficulties , he
drew at length fpur thoufand Foot out of the lower Lan^ntdcC »
and the Sev^n^s , and, with hi« o\vn money raifed a thouran4
«orc , with which he returns againc towards MiUmd,(tom whenct
ke fent Orders to JK<t/<^««^ff, tfr^«> and Saitt Romty who in his
abfence commanded; thefirftin ALh'igtoK ^ and Rdiier^ae \ the
fccond in fcix ; and the third in Lmraguait , to make ready the
forces of the CoU^oqifs : He fent to Ca,^res alfQ»and upon his marek
eaufed 9\\ v^cdSixcj PtQvi^ons e>f n^^ 9 and \nt2ii for th^ pou-
rillb^'
Book 11. TheMemokes9fth$Dnksof'B<ckAn. ^1
riihoicn^ of Ms Soul<fi«rs eo be made ready.
Inibcmean time thcKiuw KaT.ngbefiegcJ) and byreafon
of their t«reftiiic dlTifiemfor want of a Commander in Chief,
taken Clerat , and feiied upon all the places about Mamanhon^ ex-
cept Sam ArktoHiB , fotedown with his Artiay before Montatt-
bail on the one and twentieth of Akiu^ > One thoufand fix hun-
dred and twenty one , ^ where X.tf Fefcey with his cwo fons, were
goer en in^ and fcnt die Duke of Angaulcfme > wiA fifteen hun-
dred Horfc , and feure thoufand Foot , to lie upon the Rirer
'Sam , and intercept the relief was preparing for Mmttmhcmi
who made as if he would bcfiege LemSe\ , a place 9 abotar half a
i.caguc from Healmonty where there was a Caftlc that cr-mmar-"
dcd the Town > and held alwayes for the King;, The Duke of
Kohariy rcceiring intcllig;ence of it from 31^/^»^r > and alfo of
the confpiracy in agitacion for the delivery oiCa^ts^'ixh all fpec<l
fends away Boye-^ one of his Colonels, with a thoufand foot, and a
fcuthful promife to follow him Iliddenly with the reft of the
Army.
When toyvr came to €itSres, he found that H:iU^ had
drawn his main Bo^yzo KealmarH y whither his coming alfcj, with*
this fupply, raifedthcDukeof Artgaulefms from before Lo;»^f^ i^
uihercupon Malam^t , inftead of expecting the arrival of che Dfifce
a^ Rohan i arhe hadcommaiKfedhim , but fufferin^ himfelf to*
&& carried away wirh rfie importunity of ehc aiulfitude, gocf
with one piece of Canon , which he drew out of 'KealfT^tTTT * t<y
k&fi«gc a Church that was Gacifon*d and Fortifi d , called La^
Saudj, whichas Boyer was viewing he was £aine, andtheDuSre
«f An^oHlefme at the inftant the Church was furrcndred , came
and inclofed the reiiofthcpartywith his whole Army: Afccrfe*
^ral chargcsand skirmifhes , in which B.?/*f«^f behaved himfelf
with much Gallantry, tuxv^Saim Rome alfo , in refcuins^ hrtJ,
([for he charged' through the mid'ft of the enemy, with jfrtry Geil-
'ij ticmen (many of whom he loft) they capitulated ro march off
. with their Armcr, all.but their Canon j and, forthe fpaceof fiC
\ OBonthft not to beare Armesfor the party ; Thus were all the for-
^j I oe* with their Chiefs and all the Nobility of Aib'ig'eky^r^A Lam^-
V ^ifjdilablcd from anyfcrvicc for the remaining part of that, an<^
i^: untill M^ii'CW the year following.
1" The Duke of /?a^;?», for his pare, lofc«norime, but advan*
Wj ces with his Troops, and while his Rear-guard was marching \:i^
% tO'him I drawrthe Canon out of MillAud , takes Saint Cioge
m a fmalj, bur well inclofed place , and- Lut^anfbrii a privare
Wj houfc lying bewv^en MlLiiid^.\and Sodst Afriqne , in- which
l| lH*ccwa»aCarifcniha:excrcafittly incommoded his callage j and
had
<52 The Memoir €S of the Dpih^ of %ohm, ^ook II.'
hid continued till he had cleared the whole way » had not thi;
inrclligcnce he receircd of the defeat at Tnuch diverted hiffl'j
r.hat made him double his pace , fo that he came very oppor-
tunely to Cafircsj for Lombc^ was furrendied , Rcalmont was ifi
Trearyt and the whole Countrey in a drooping condition: He
cheered them up the beft he could , yet all he could do, was ncrt
fufficlent to gee thirty Gentlemen , nor two hundred Foot toge-
ther in all the upper Langncdoc j So that his whole depcndance wa^
only -on thofe he brought with him from the Lower La!tgf^doc, and
the Sevcn.es.
Anocher fear alfo perplexed him, left inhisabfence) Cf?.t-
Hilton. (hould recall his Troops 5 to prevent which? he oppofed a-
gainft him an Afl'cmbly of five Provinces, vIt^- The Lower Larf'
g^cdoCy the Seven.; s y yiviirct\y the Upper Langnedoc , and
Dau.phine > who impo.vered him to dctaine the fupplyes he
already had > and to raife more in cafe he had occafion (dt
them.
Things being in this condition} the Duke fends to dlfcover
what Fordes were paflable and nor guarded , furnifties himfetf
with good guides ) and formes his defign to relieve Montauhan.^
at the faaietime , by the way of yille-nouvdle , by Sai/it An' 4^
n'ln. J and of VUle-Binrbon. by C arming. The firft of which is fivt
Leagues diftant from Mont.mban-i the other ten; fo that he inten-
ded CO put in his greareft reliefs confifting all of Foot, on that fidei
And the lefler, cotn^jofed o^' Dragoons, and threefcore Reform.ido*s
omy, on the other.
Im the interim of thefe adions , the Conflable Lf^yms feeing
that his Embaflies fenc to the Duke of Roh.rn by S:iint A'.gel
and Salndie , could no: move him , nor the perfwafions of the
Duke of S/il'y , and LefdigiiieYCs thofe of JMomauhin , who flili
replyed , Thar they would do nothing without the advice ai>d con-'
fenr of their General , rcfolved at length to give them leave to
fend their Deputies to him ( who were coniudcd by Vefpl.i.n.': )
to try if that mi^ht produce an accommodation , who came jjft
as the relief was ready to march: And very opportupxely too;
forthe Duke iinderftandins^ by them, that they wanted nothing
batm:n, and that if they had but a thoufand , or tkvclve hun-
dred more, the y were confid ntthcy Ihould be abb to hold out all
that Winter,hepromifedthem that, within ei^htflayes thcyfhould
hive the recruit they deiircd, gave them the Wo.d,and Signal, and
fo they returned.
The Duke of Koh:in. hid five h'/adred DragQon.^ j whom with
hopes of piilagins; the Countrey up to the very Gates oi^houlonf ,
he hid crxouraged CO advar.ce ^vward^ J^^ylau; efis y Cue, and
ti^. CAYmair^'t-'
Book IL The Memoir es of the Dnhj of Koliin. 6^
Camaing; but when chcy were all mec ac their appointed Rcn-
.fl-zvoiis, +iefcntchem orders , by one of his Gecdemen to
inarch direAly to Mcntaubari} which orders were not obferted*
either by reafon of too much confideratlon ? or apprehenficn
ofthedang^r, though there were lefb on chat, thanonthc othcc
fide.
As for the other relief ? commanded by Be.'^.ufort , one of his
Colonels, it was better ordered ; He marched from C^jlres In
the evening , with about a thouland or twelve hundred men,ccmcs
to /-ow^^c^ about one of the clock in the morn ng, where he flays
rill the next night, then fordes the Tarn, at Grave , marches all
night, and the next evening about five of the clock comes to
S.iiit Anton'^n , without any ill rencentre at all : There he Ibys
all ch#nexc day> and in the evening fets forward towards Mdi-
taiibr,n..
Butthefalfenefs ofthe guides he had taken up at Sa'mt Ante-
n''n y who betrayed him , forced him to return thither aga."ne :
Three daycs after they fent him a guide from Montaub^in, v\h«
fafely conducted him over the River Vcyrcu at a Forde , and
brought him very well within half a League of the Town*, whence,
notwithflanding the feveral parties both of Horfe and Foot he
perpetually met with between that and the Town , and the many
Redoubtsand trenchesthat cbftrudedhis pafl'agc, he vanqui fn-
cd all thofc difficulties, and put fcvcn hundred men, and nine
Colours into Montauban. : But Beaifort himfelf came fn ort <:-F
ic, beirg taken ip this brave adion : And it is to be obfervcd,
that this relief which confifled all of Foot, marched every day
almoft eighteen Leagues in an enemies Countrey? forded thrcugji
two dangerous Riversj and pafled through the mid'fl of tw o Royal
Aimies that lay in wait to defeat them.
1 hz Diikc c^ Rohan took a double courfe to profpcrthe dc-
fign of this relief; one was by fending Ca!or,gcs , and D.s-lps
with DeSplan-s to confuk with thofe before Montauban- ^ about
fome way of accommodation j the other was, by marching at the
fjmc time that Beaifdn did , with forty Colours cf Foot, and
thofe few Horfe he had j towards Lam'ag!^^ais : So thai v\hcn ihe
DAzo^ Angoiilefme was ready to purfuc Beaufort with all hs
Cavalry* he received intelligence that the Duke of KohuKt with
thegreateft pare of his forces, was upon his march for Lama-
^icais y whichputiucha Dilemma on him , that he knew not
which way to turn ; and in ihc mean time Bcaufo'it paflcs through
the mid'ft cf his Army , and the Duke ^{Kohan, the day ioi'cw-
ing,rcturnM to Caches , and fent back his Troops to ihe places
whence he had draw n them.
^4 ^^ CHemolres of the D^k£ of Kohtn. Book it
Cdo%ei and Des-lfles were iii the King's Quarters, when
thcfc fupplics got in j and thence returned to Cajires wkh Def.
plans 5 who from the Conftable carried the Duke of Rohan an iri-
vitation to an interview 5 which he accepted of^ and notwitl*-
flanding the diflwafions of the people of Cafiresy and almoft crc^
jy one that wa» about hifti 5 he went to Villemwr , and had sL
conference with him at Reviers , about a League from Momdn^
ban y where after an exchange of many complements , the Con-
liable led him afide into an Alley, and there began with hiin la
Ihis manner; I am much obliged to you that you have repofcd
foch confidence in me ; it fliall not at all deceive you > you arc
»o lefs fecure here than in Carres : Being entred iiit» your al-
ienee, I cannot but be ftudious of your profperity 5 depr^c nid
not of the opportunity , during the favour I ertjoy , to augment
f he fplcndour of your h«ufc. You have relieved Mo>itauban. cVen
before your SoTeraign's face , a glorious and heroick aftion, but
abufe it not : It is high time for you to mind your own and your
friends a<ivantage j the King will never confent to a general
peace; fee therefore that you make conditions for your friendf
andfervants, andletthofe oiMontauhan know that they have
but a (hort reprieve from their ruine ; that the Forts and Line*
drawn about them, have barred up alwayes to their further re-
lief that, unlefs they now accept of reafonaWc termes , to wit 5^
dther a Cittadel, Garifon, or Demolition of all their fortifica-
tions, you will utterly defert them : Ksio\: Carres y and the reft
of the places in your divifion > propofewhat you pleafe, and it
Hsill be granted ; and for your own particular , a blanck is ofF-r-
edyou, infert your own conditions* In vaine may you hope for
any alfiftance from Germany ; they have more need to crave,thaif
lend aide ; or from En.gl.tnd ; you know the peaceable humour
of that King; or from within our own Kingdome ; the Qiieenc
Bilothcr has all her fupport from Spaine , Rome , Savty^y and the
^ifuites y who are no friends to the HttgueH9tf ; and as for Mon-
^eifir the Prince , a piece of money fwayeshiitt any way; As-fo)c^
Moiijiettr thQCouviio^ So- [fans y I have received Letters from hinr
andfrom hisMother, whoisrcady tofcad him in to the King:
As for tlie other Grandees of France , 1 doubt not but ybu receive
encouragement from them i bat 'tis with intention to purchafc?
their own ends at your expence. I have, with much difficulty >'
hitherto hindred the coofifcation of your eftate and Govern-
ments , I cannot longer oppdfe it ; you muft cither refolVt to-fall'
u«'der a certain and JCTnominioiis ruine y or to- advance yourhoufc^
to a greater heig'it than it ever yet knew : For if you perfift in*
yoar- obftinacy , the King will rather yield to all thofc of the Re-
ligion 1
Book If. The xJ^fcMoires efthe Duf^ sf Rohan, 6$ '
liglon be/ides , chat he may have the Tatisfaftloa of making
an example both of youj: pcrfon ami. family : Biit if you wiU
^no-.v Credit mc,you ihill Sreak through thcle dangers with honor,
and thefavourof your King, and obtain whatever you fhall dc(lrc»'
as to your own fortune, whofe encreafe I To much defire, ds that it
may be a fupport to mine.
To which the Duke of KobM anfwercd , 1 fliould be an ene-
my to myfelf, ifldefirednot my Prince his favour, and your
fricndfhip j I fhall never refufe either goods or honours from my
Maflcr, nor from you the Offices of a good Kinfman : I very
well confidsr th? danger I am in , but 1 befcech you alfo reflc>:i
upon yours j you are mortally and univcrfally hated , for that you
alone ingrofs that which is the objeft of every onei defirc : The
ruineof chofeof the /Religion is net fo near, but that they may
aff Jrd leafure enough to the Male 'Contents to t::rae their parties,
and thofe that will not openly declare for us , will yet comp'y in';
any thing that may tend to your dsflruilion. The beginnings Qi\
the Warrcs againfl: thofe of the Religion , have commonly been
with great difadvantagcs to them , which yet the re ftlcfs andvo-
lar'-le humour of the F'f«c^ , the d.fconcehts of thofe that ruled',
not, andflrangers have many times repaired : If you can ob- 1
raine a peace for us from the King , before the like mifchlefs hap-
pen againe , it will be much tor his honour aud advantage j For
having fubdued the party without the leaft check , without any ^
appearance either of divifionswithirt , or relief fiomw'thout, he
will oblige hii conquered 5 andmanlfeftto the world, that 'lis
not the Religion he perfecutes, but the Profeii ours of itj for their
preccnded difobedience , will break the n.ck of all other fadion'^,
iind, without any prejudice received , v^^ill return a feared and
honoured Conquerour; • This will alfo redouble your credit with
him , and feat you in a condition above the reach of any attempt
ivhaifoevcr : But if you drive things on to the extremity , and
this torrent of profpfirity continue not its courfe , as it is like to
findeabay tkZ Mo/itaii^ban , every one will rc-ereft hisfpirits, dc-
prcffid bythebufinefs of Pont de Co, and our later loiTcs here,
and infinite perplexities will you be involved In : Confider that
yfju hare already gith'^red all the fruits , that either your pro-
mifcs, or threats can produce , and that what Is left of us fight
for a R.liglon we believe to*be the true one. As for my parti
have already confidered of the lofs of my eftate, and Offices*
which if you have retarded out of refpeft to our alliance, I am
obliged to you for it , but am fully r^folved , and prepared
for all extremities , being folemnly engaged by promife , my
confcience alio commanding me, notjto hearken to any but a gene-
,tal Peace. F This
6^ The Memoires of the Dnks of Rohan. Book II,
This Confercnce^becaufc thty would not admit of a gene-
ral Treaty , proving ineffeftual 5 the Duke of 'Rohan returned to
Caflres^ The difficulties at the Siege 'of Montauban dayly cn-
creafingj the Conflable liftened to the better diftatei of his fe-
cond thoughts 3 and renewed the Treaty : But the unftcadinefs of
his fpirit 5 too fickle toperfed any thing , and the contradiftions
he met with from thofe that defircda cencinuation of the War »
intangled him ftill in delayes, till the King was neceffitatcd tb
taife the Siege of Montauban , on the eighteenth of November ,
One thoufand fix hundred twenty one, where I-^ Fdrce^ and the
firft Con-ful Dupuy , a man of great autkority and courage order-
ed all things fo exaAly for the defence of the Town 3 and execu-
tion of the pubiick refolutions , that they may worthily
daime a great part in the honour ofpreferving the place.
The Duke of Rohan in the meanwhile, had fenc his trcopj
into the County of Foix upcn the follicitation of Leran , who
with them took in fome Caftles . and afterwards laid Siege to P^a-
reilles, which was relieved, and he , in feme diforder, retreated
to Vamkrs : But feeing the King's Army now at liberty , having
quitted the Siege of Momauban , he took care to provide for thole
places were mofl in danger ; and remanded his Forces from Foix :
-Saint Florcnt , one of his Colonels , and a Kinfman of the Con-
ftables, to make his own conditions, had intended tofeize upon
Saint E!pMl ', andinpurfuanceofihatdcfign, and ihat he might
withlels difficulty be received into theToun,>ithhisRcgimenf>
counterfeited a Letter from the Duke of Kotej But the Con-
fuls 5 forewarn'd of his purpofes , refus'd to let him, in j fo that
the flay he made thereabouts , gave the enemy an opportunity to
prepare an Ambafcade for him between le Mas and Revel y
where in the night time he was totally defeated > without any refi-
iftance made of his fide.
Mirambeau. the eldeft fon of Pardailtan , perceiving that
Ills father had compounded for Mov.heur ^ and Saint Foy , and
that he was to deliver them up to the King as he marched by, en-
ters and feizes upon Menheur ^ the news of vvhich hurried his
father thither , who treats him very feverely j and thinking he
had now entirely fptured that place , returns to Saint Foy to make
fureofthat alfo r But God would not fufFer his treachery to e-
f cape longer unpunifhed, raifingup Savrgn&c o( N'Jfe ^ who lay
in wait for? andilew him in an Inn in Genfac -^ whereupon Mi-
Yambeau. \n Mo'^ihcur ^ ^ndTeybon ?iis brother-in-law in Srin'-Foy
«ieclapedfor the Party <Sf the Religion : The King , having in*
telligecce of this alteranon, fends fpeedily to block up Mcvheuri^
and marches after iirperfcn with the reft of hi« Army , btfieges
»ni
i
Bookll. TheCHemoiresofthDHkerfKohSin. 6i
and takes it upon composition j During this Siege ihc Conftable.
dyed of fickncfs ; his death wrought a great change in the Court:
The J^een-Mother, feeing her felf rid ofhcr deadly enemy , be-
gins to cheer up again j The Prince alfo returns to ihc Coui c, m
hope now to Paramount if there 5 every one aims at the vacant
pl^cc , and all remembrance of the defigncs conrrived m ihe Con-
dairies life time was buried with him.
Tlie Cardinal de K£t\ , and Schomber^ , ufjrp the mana«^v*-
mcnt of the State affairs? the Prince cams to wait upon the
king sitPoictierSy whojoyned with them , and fo potent Was
their party grown? before they came to Parts, as that the en-
deavours of tlic Queen-Mother J and all the Ancient Minlftcrsef
State, were nothing available to incline things to any proj>en-
firyto peace. The Duke of Lefdig'-.ieres , upon fomc coramoti-
cns railed in Danph'me b)' Mon-tb)im. , jramedlatcly after the
Siege of Morktauban^y got leave to go thither? and cakes order
for their fuppreffion- The Duke of Kohan. alfo fcnt back all the
Troops he had out of the lower Lmgnedoc , and the Se-venes 5
whither we muft now refled 3 to fee what this interim produced
there. *
C'ltQillon. propofesto the AlTembj of Cac five Provinces, the
rccaliinp of their Forces , upon pretence to relieve the lower
LangmioCy which yet was no way invaded ? but they rejected the,
propofition ; fo that, this invention taking no efted , as to pre^
rent the Duke of ifo/;^?* of ncwfuppliesj he caufcs a new levy
to be made (at which he was not prefenthimfelf) which the
Affembly gave way to ? upon the engagement of the Captains to
waitr upon him 5 in cafe the Duke oi Kohm fhouid ccmmand
them 5 which yet they refufed to do upon his fummons •> faying ,
That they owned no General but Chaftlllon. , but trifled away
their time inbefieging Alxpn. , a paltry Town of no importanctt
Jnfliort, Chafiillon in all things, and places , oppofed the au-
thority of the Aflfembly , who, in requital ( with the afliftancc
of the people j devefledhimof all his power , forcing him to
quit Montpeliier , and retire to Aigicemortes , while they detain-
ed his Son , and Mother-in-law. BerUchercs who was chofeii.
Lieutenant of the lower L;:nguedoc , adhered to the Airemhly ,
who having tafted the fweetnefs of their authority , would by no
means hear of a General, but continued their govcnment till
^ the latter end of the year, that the people began to find it in^up-^
t" portable 5 which they perceiving, eleded the Duke o^Kohjin, who
|il immediately fet forward towards the ProYincc> and came to MoTtt-
M ftUitr on tiiTV-ytars^dit^ 5 i 5 2 a.
'm
4i "■ F 2 hi
^§ The UMemslresoftheVuke of Kohm BookIL
At his arrival there the Duke found the Provinces of the
lower LangJiedgc y and the 5cye«£j , engaged in fuch broyles a-
gainftthe Affemtlyofthe five Provinces > that he was ncceflita-
ted to fpend the whole month of ^mmy in endeavours to com-
f'ofe them : The Provinces declared that the Affembly had ex-
haufted their treafurcs , of which they were refolved they fhould
render them an account; and that, fince there was a G-sneral cho-
fen^ they ous;ht no longer to piolcng their Seflion*
The Affembly on the other fidejmaintaincd, That they ought
no account to any but to the Affembly general , from whom they
derived their authority, that they ought to continue in fult^
power 3 till a final deteimination of all affairs ; that the Gene-
ral ought to hare no other Council but themfclves j and that to
them belonged the fole management of the Finances; that they,
were Superiour to the particular Provinces, who had nothing to
do to fuperVife their anions , nor had they power of themfelves
lofummonany Gonrentions; and petfwaded the Duke to inter-
<didthem, as themfelvcs > before his arrival, had intended to
have done: But he, feeing the Province of the Sevenes was al-
ready convened , and that the lower Languedoc ^as refolved
upon the like couiTej endeavoured to get the Affemblics allow-
ance of it, whoinfteadof affenting to it ? becaufe.they forelav^
it would much irapa ire the continuation of their Seflion, refolved
on other waycsto prolong it. And firft ot all they ufed all pofli-
ble means to poffcfs themfelves of the Caflle of Soww/Vrj- , hack-
ed by Berticheres, who pretended a right to it, and addreffed
themfelvcs to Cfe-a/^/Z/t/zj forhisafliftance : But defeated of their
purpofesby the diligence of the Duke of Ro/7^/2, and the Cafllc
fecured J they turn their applications to the Duke de Lefdigid-
€tes, towhorathey defcribed theDuketo be an ambitious per*
fon , defirous to perpetuate the War , that he might continue
his power; and declaring alfo, that they had rather fubmit to a
peiee wi:h ihe King upon any terms, than to his Tyranny; and
that, if he inrermedled further with them , he (hould be taught to
know the limits of his power j But he rcfufing.to hearken to themj
andallt'ieir other atcemprs failing of the f.iccefs they aimed at,
they fend Deputies to the Sevenes ^ and the lower LangutdoCy
where the Duke was, who to prevent a further rupture ( which
proved a matter of greit difficulty, fo much were the Provinces
K3^ Languedoc inccnfed a gainft the Affembly } got them to allow
of the a^flions of the Aifembly of the five Provinces , to receive
their Deputies into their protection ; that there fhould be ne
peace concluded v/ithout provifion for their fecurity , but that
ihey ilio;i!d foibear t© A^ as an AfT^^mbly 5 till the buflr-cfswere
fur-
Book IL The UMemoirgs of the Duh of Rohan. 6g
futther dcterminM by the AfTembly general, to whom all par'
ties were to fend their reafonsj and that two Deputies of the Af-
fcmblj of the five Provinces^ fliould be of the Duke of Kohan*^
Council.
It is to be obferved , that after the Duke's arrival at Mo:it^
fcUler, the Aflcmbly that fate there ^~;l3efore his face, difpcfed
abfolutely of the Fimnccs , and of all other affaires , made Laws 9
gave pafs -ports , and protedions ; and in all that time rekrred no-
'thing to his Council of War but one quarrel, to be pieced up
there; And when the Duke propofed to thera a Convention of
the States of all LangiiedQC to be held at Milland, to confult abouc
the raifing of money, and to provide for the adminiftration ofju-
fticcj they ftiffely withflood it, becaufc they feared it was to abro-
gate their authority.
When they had ocrsfion to fend to the AfTembly general >
the Duke moved that they would fend joyntly with him and the
other Provinces J but they were ftill for feveral Depurations, bcr
injT refolved to calumniate him, what they could ; which they did
fufficientlyby their ^v\wo)' Bahat aMinillerj who recounted the
wonders they did , before the Duke came afnong them > who had
fince confounded all Dy his ambition; that, hepurfuedhL ovp ,
at the expence of the publick Intc-eft; that having ruined Toixy
iind ^Ibigcgis y he would do as much co the lower Lmiguedoc ,
where he began to fix himfelf, and play K^r ; thac they were
better fall into the hands of the King , and entirely fubmittohis
will, than to be fubjed to this Duke; and that at i.; gth they
fliauld be faine to recall Chaf'iUon.: Thacthey fhould beware of
coming under the power of 5e«^/c?;(?> who defired nothing more
than the difCpation of the AfTembly general 3 and had already
written to the Duke, that it was corapofed only offevenpr eigiic
pitiful Rafcals; and for c^nclufion, that if they would but im-
power them to continue the:: SefTion j they would ^urb the Duke
wellenouf»h.
After the Conrention of thefe Provincial AfrvmbHes, thi
Duke of Rohn , conildcring> on one fide? the pr^'pa'atlons made;
bytheDukcof Montmorency to invade him , the L^vyes of the
Dukeof Gw/ij inProvence , for the fame purpofe > Chii^iUo'i*'%.
plots to undermine him, and the Lcvyesof the Duke rf^Z.f/'ii/|;/^?-
ires to invade V'ivaret\ ; And on the other, the miferable con-
dition he found che Provinces ? he came to ferve in? by reafof\^
ofthcmanynccdlefs znmngs Ch.iftill on. had made there, to the
great dlfcouragement cf the SouUiery » and ruine of their fi lends,
Coumrcy, whence the Troops never flirrcd 5 e>diaufl'.ng of their
peafui cs f and flores of SaIc ) aggnvitcd by tie im^^ofribJ,i-
F5 i
7© The ijlfemotres of the 1>ukc of Kohzn. BobklL
:y of recovering more, by reafon of Ai^ftemortes , which intercc\
fici their Commerce> he refolred with all fpced to haflcn his
Levies.
Blaccons Lieutenaut o^yivaret^ being in the metn while hard
' befct by the Duke cf Lefdiguiers y folUcites the Duke of Roha?i
forafupply of five hundred men 5 and withal j that he would
makehafleto foUov. them with his whole forces: Thofe of Be-
' iittfieux and G??;^wf , Jikewife demand Tome relief, for that the
Duke o^ Mon.tmoYcncy had fuprixcd L««*iJ , 2nd {otce^GreffiJfaCy
^ both private houfes ? bcficged Fo/^g^rtT, and threatned alio the
above named places : The Dukcj having no Forces on Foot? and
tv,o. Armies upon hii hands, excluding the Troops oi Trovertce j
>oe5to t\\t Stvin-es to try if he could thence pafs five hundred
cicninto yivanf^i bar atthe ftraights near V'iUcmufvc de Be. gy
were chcyrepulfed 5 which obliged him to fend to ihc Duke of
'Lefdiguieves , to fee if he could by any means retard his advance:
^ut, notvvithflanding his Remonftrances , and the dead of Win-
ter bcfides, he continues his march with fix thou fa nd Foot, and
five hundred Horfe ; to make a Bridge oyer the Rhone, between
'Bjy andVoi'.fin. , befi|ges To:(fitty and batters it, which abides.
his a {fault 5 BUccois gets into it, and behaves himfelf bravely
in the ftorme ; at length, the place being ready to be loft, by the
mediation of him, whom the Duke of JBiohan had fent to the
Duke de Lefdl^ukres y was yielded to him, upon condition, tha t
if the peace ( they were now in Treaty on ) were not concluded ,
he fhould again reftore it to thofe of the Religion j that he fhould
forthwith withdraw his Army, and fhould not make any further at-
tempts in Frj.ir^iT^ nor Languedoc : And he f9r his part proraifed,
as foon as pofiible, to fend the Prefidenr D/t Crgs to proceed in the
Treaty for a Peace,
The Province o^ Vrjarets AfTerablcd at Vrivas , approved
of all, and wrote to the Duke of Ro'^^;? , in favour of £/^cfo«j,
that hc'would confer on him the Government of B.ty , which hq
granted.
The Duke J thus freed of the Army of D.n^/'/j/V, thinks novy
of Vi^uallifif; C'i£n.ac ( which was well near ftarycdj by reafop of
a Church well fortified 3 and flrongly garifon'd by the enemy, di-
^Lint tbout a Musket {hoz from the Town , the whole Countrcy
round about them being enemies alfo ) and advancing with hi^
A riny to oppbfe the progrefs of the Du^e 0^ Montmorency : In orr
der to which lie came to JiU/i^p U er, w here he prcfently fell fick of/
a Feavcr, which lafled him fifteen dayes j In the mean while iho'
f^reudent D/; C, or, that at the beginning of his Malady came to fee
hiHijwas cruelly afiaflinated iji tbeTewfljaud ^(Wckres^hyhls or-
Book II. The LMemolres $ftheDtike of Rohan.' 7?
Having recovered his health, about thcbeeinning of Afarc^*
and fpceded his. Levies 3 he took the field y before he was wcH
able to endure it > Berticberes made a motion to attach the Towc'-
tharbon?tierey that opening that paffage they might have Salt by
that way > and confequently money to defray part of the charges
of the War; Saint Blaftcan^ Governourof ?eccaix, fecondedthc
Proportion J fo that> that defignc was concluded on > Chafiilloft
p;-efently had notice of it , and the Duke of Rohjn was informed
thzthertichcreshtid faithfully promifed him that he would ruinc
all his troops : Wherefore the Duke refolved to refer this buii-.
nefTctoa farther debate; at which he urged agi'mik Berticberes
the difficulty of the fiege ; S^iint hlancart thereupon ftood up,
and faid , That unleffe the y refolved on it , he would comply withi
CbafitUon, there be.ng otherwife no poflxbility of their fubfiftence;
fothathewasconftrainedtoyeildtoit; and in the meane while
he makes an attempt on Beaftcaire , which fuccceding not, by
reafon of the extream coldnefl'e 5 and tempeftuoufneflc of the
night, it was executed in, he returned :o the Tower Cbarbonmere^
where he found that inil;ea<t of advancing? they were driven off>
and that they had differed Cba^iUoft to fortifie feveral intrenchr
nicnts he had made upon a Caufey , which at fir ft might have
cafily been forced 5 but would now require more than a moneths
time to take them. Moreover, they had drawn off thofc fouldi-
^rs the Duke had lod^'d between Aignemortcs and Cbarbonmere^
;»U which he well confid?ring, without imparting his refolution to
Berticberes, fends to block up the Caftlc of Mmtlmr , that hii\-
drcd the interCQurfe between Mon'pcUier ^ and the Sevcfies , and
afterwards went ijiperfon to the fiegeof it, with intent to drpw
off the Duke o^ Momma eneyixomBedarieux, who fpent fo much
time in taking of Fougercs that he could not come early enough
before MomUur was taken by aflault.
Immediately after this adion was over» the Duke dc Lefdigui"
eresy impowered by the King, invites the Duke of Koban. to a per-
fonalTrcaty for a Peace? which heaflented to, leaving his Array
under the command of Berticbcres',^tLavalyh^twecnBarjac, and
^aiftt Eiprlt vyas their interview* vvhere they agreed on Articles to
be treated on , and the Duke of Roban, in his ownj and the name
of the Provinces of his Divifion, appointed Cd/o«g«ci , Des-IJler^
Dup^y of Montauban,, Di^ Cro^ of Mompelller, and L^ Boreed
yivaret\(or their deputies : Both he, and the Duke de Lefd^gui-
eref joyntly advertife the Dukes of ho'iMo'iti Sully ^ TrimouiUe, and
SoitbixefLaFo>cez\Co, and the Afleaibly general of thi« Treaty,
that they might all fend their Deputies to joynwith thofe of the
Pi:9Vince5i iaforming thei* witn*ili that ^scoticeiniD^Sauvmrei
F 4 and
7 2 Tks Ml mo'res of the Dnkc <jf Rohan*. BooW L
a«d the places cf Foi^ff-v, they could not conclude any thJngjbut
miift rcmitthem toother things to be teiminated by the Kinghim-
felf : We muft now leave the Deputies on their journiesj to take a
View of what parted in the lower Lr.nguedoc,
The Duke of /v^o^^« returned to his Army, which he found at
Ca^ilna/i near Montpcllier 5 The Duke of Mon.tmo;mcyy with Cha-
jfj^y.f, whowas now joyncd with tym with his G^'^j-^i* <7>»/fj-j or
ho fe men compleatly armed? and thofe of the Duke of Gut fey
vhchhe had fent for out of Vrovcnce^ hadbe/ieged Co;^>r<7«/er,
f\^©kaouesd flant from. ^^o/i/^/^f/^i^r^ which the Duke oi Kohan
Fiad refolved to relieve? but the place being yeilded the next day,
Ke encamptd at SaUt ^ohn de Vtdas-i and Snlle-n-eufvCj and the
Duke of MiiiitrfiGycncy tit Layer'Hve, Fabif'gu.cs, and SaujJ'ani a
fmall river called Moufcnj part:d them, fo that for (ix dayes toge-
ther, both armi' s played only with their Canon one upon anotherj
after which the Duke oi Montmarency retires to Vtlk-neufvc a fmalt
Town ujton ihc Lake. The Duke of Kohrit the fame day drew oif
tG other quarters alfo , and in his march fummoncd Sauffan in
^hich was left a Gaft-ifcn? whic!i yeilded the next morn-
ing.
■ Bertichcres, whether it was thr\t he feared the lofle of his goods,
or that he deiired to ruine the Dukes Ai my, or that really he had
ieceived fuch inielligr nee? ccmes and tells the Duke, that for cer-
tain the Duke of Montmorency had pafled the Lake, and was
marching towards Sainr Gflles, an Abbfy belcrg.rg to BtrtichcrcSy
and a very convenient pl-ace for a Magazine 5 befecching him to
allow h'ni fifteen hundred foot, and an hundred horfe to prevent
him? and ihar according to the intelligence he fhould receive from
him,thc reft of the forces might be in a i eadinellc tG" follow him ;
which the Duke granted him j and in the meane while, with two
thoufand men he had left, goes 10 befiege Saint Georges : But lh6
Duke of MontfrorencyUi-^nii^ that5"^i« Georges was beficged, and
r*i2tthe Dukeof /i(o/riz;^'s army was divided, returns to relieve it,
takes lip his quarter's at Saint ^ohn de Vedas, a league from Sami
Georges^ and by difchargirg of two piece of Canon , gives theni
a fignal of the luccouis he had brought, and that very night ef-
iayed to pur in two hundred me'n> who were briskly repulfed. The
next day the Duke of Koh^in, leaving three hundred men to conti-
riue the f?egcy made choice of a very advantageous place to fight
in, and there fta jed till the day ; and in the interim, fcnt with all
fpeed wBcrticberes to command him back. That evening came
Shcquic-ie to him, with a Regiment out of the Sevenes, and the
next day Malauxc^ with fourfccre horfe from the upper langnedoC^
'Slid Bmicberes flayed not long behindc ', fo that ihc Duke beings
>t '■,•»■
w
Book II. TheMcmoinsoftheDukjof9^oh3Ln. 75
row three thoufand foor, and three hundred horfe ftrong, in the
very fight of the Duke of Montmorency, raifes his batteries , and
takes the place, which was yeilded upon compoiition, the defen-
dants lives only faved.
BertichereT was the fccond rime like to have -been the occafion
of another great fault, by his obftinate affiimingthat the Duke of
Montmorency was retreated to ViUe-nei/fve^^ind had left five hun-
dred men at the Bridge of Feruve, which might be eafily cut off:
The Duke of Koh:in was of a contrary opinion, averring, that if
he himfelf were gone off, he would not have left thofe foot to the
flaughteri the other defirous to evidence what he had affirmed,
leads him towards the Bridge, where they found forae foilorne par-
ties of Mufquctires in the ditches, which they foone made thera
quit: But Rtf^'.^rt perceiving that £r/tir//f?f^ had engaged a Regi-
ment too far, commands all his forces, both horfc and fool, to ad-
vance? and two field-pieces to be drawn after them; Bertichere^
clofcly purfu&8 his defigne> commands BUcquiere's Regiment to
ftorme the trenches at the Bridge , and ttnother Squadron to fc-
cond them : But this being but an extempore pr©je»fl, and executed
without any precedent deliberation,\vas alfo without fuccefle : For
Blacqu'iere, and his Serjeant Majoi Kandop. being flaine withMuf-
quer fliot, the whole party retreated in difoider ; and at the fame
inftantthc Duke of Montmorency drew all his Army into Battalia^
firing tv.o field- pieces en our men; Roh^m made him the like re-
turn from his C\de, and all the remaining part of that day was
{'ptminCAKcnad s, and light skiitnifties; the river i'rf^/^/ya^ ftill
iepararin^' the Armies, who in the evening drew off to their quar-
ters : 1 here wcie ten or twelve flain on either fide ; and the Duke
of Montmrrency the fecond time retired to l^illi-ncufye; whence,
leaving his Troops in Garrifon in the adjacent places he went t6
Vc^enas'^ which the Duke of Ro/'^/Z having notice of, takes with
himprovifion for in«o dayes , and with two Culverins marfhes
that night tc Gignac, blocks up the garrifon'd Church adjoyning;
to it, raifes h:s battery in the open day, and after the firft Volley
took it upon capitulation, and having demoliflied it, returns to-
wards MontpiUicr ; taking his way through the Valley of Montfcr-
rant) where he took and difmantlcd ManelaiSyand. other little pla-
ces, and fortified Churclics, which yeilded his fouldiers good boo-
ty, which was the Veafcn that feme of the Troops of the SczencSj
'findingthemfelves fo near home, forfook him.
Montpf III er thmfzc^d from the inconvenience of the enemies
Garrifons, made ^/^^ defirous of the like benefit. Thither the
Puke cf Koh.m mahches, and upon compofitlon takes Cernicrs , a
Callle whofe iituation did indifferently fecure it from ainy battery,
*^" • " . • and
74 T^ho LMemoires of the Dukj of Rohan. Book 1 1 .
and SaitU Sfifret by affault : But as he thought to have made *
farther progreffe, he was prevented by a requeft from the principal
inhabitants of N'lfmeSi to come to their Town, to fupprefle a Se-
diti6n lately raifed there j which with all diligence he did, lea-
ving to B.Tf/cl?^?'^! the charge of hisTrOQps, the greateft part of
which defertcd their colours, fo that there were not left a thousand
men together, Vones^ having gotten together near two thou-
fand men befieges Vru^^UaCy a paltry place, wh.ch had before beea
furrendred to BertichereSy who put in to it the Colonel Beauvois^
who having handforaly defended it for two dayes, was at length for-
ced, for want of powder, to give it up,
C^^xf?ii^o« at the fame time comes before LiTohy I* Abbcy near
P^^ffiiijir, and' belonging to Saint B Ian cart y which, either by the
Cowardixe or Treachery of Boufaugmt who commanded it, was
within the fpace of twice four and twenty hours, furrendred, $o
that Ko^uftj who had rallyed fomc trpops for that end, had not lea-*
fare to relieve it, nor means any longer to keep his forces together*
with which he had marced up and down for three raoneths together
without any pay, and made many fieges, both by reafon of the rc-
fradorinefs of his Colonelsjand the approaching harveft,a fcafon,
in M/hieh the poor of the lower Lari^iiedoc gaine their whole
fubliftenes.
To rztmn to Ni Ones, It is tobcobferved that 2/i/o» had been
proteded and gratified by the Duke o^Rohaft more than any other,
out of hopes he had to winjiim that way : But he, being of a na-
ture on which no obligations could prevail, ingrateful, and pre-
fumptuous, had, notvviihflandingfdeiigned to pofTefTe himfelf of
Niffnesy to make his own conditions withal ; pretending a moft
tranfcendent zeal to their caufe j and lofing no opportunity to
afperfe the Duke with calumnies, openly declaring that he had be-
trayed P<7'W?;2 to the Duke de Lefdi^meresy znd was the fole caufe
of the lofle of Fivaref^. He confpired alfg with the Deputies
«f the AfTembly of the five Provinces, who, inftead of returning
to their own homes, went from town to town irritating the people
againft the Duke of Kohan. j and having now made f^ire of Br'ifon^
and his afTiftance in Nifmcs were refolvcd upon the firfl: opportuni-
ty to rcalTemble thereato oppofe the authority of the Dukeof/fc-
baUy who being informed that they were all met at N'fpnesi with
intention to beginigain their Affembly, fent one of his Gentk-
men to forbid them,and to command the Deputies of yivaret^tOi
return to their Province, fliewing therh witlial the Depofirion of
Bab:it-i wherein- the Deputies had mofi: bafely fcandali^^ed him,
which B.i/a« ftoutly oppofed J but found not the people any way
JAcliqeablc tg be led by his pafTion i Sa chat^tfep Deputies were
'■ forced-
Book II. The lM empires *f the Duke of Rohan. 7 5
forced to be goncj and Br'tfon. to wait upon the Dtikc to e^cufe this
procedure.
Whil'ft he was upon his journey, the principal inhabitants of
J^ifmes, making good ufc of his abfence? took occafion to procure
a Declaration of the general Council of the Town^ that the Go-
vernment of B^ifon. was no longer fupportable, that Kihan (hould
berequefted to approve of this rcfult of their deliberations , a;i(i
that they might be permitted to live under the folc authority of
their own Confuls, till a more urgent neceffity fhould require a
Gevcrnour, and that then they would accept of any one he (hould
pleafctoplacc-over them; and that he would with all fpeed rc°
pair to their town to prevent any diforders might furvene : Where-
upon he went thither, and there apjjfoved of and ratified this aft
of their Council. At the fame time was there held an Aflembly
at N^fmcs to take order for the fecuring of their harveft ; to whom
Brifu:'i addrcfTed his complaints; But the Aflembly waved them,
and approved of the determination of the Council, and the Dukes
confirmation of it: BrZ/b^ feeing he could not this way arrive ar
his aimesj goes to CHo^itpellier^sind in all places endeavours to flir
up the people againft the Duke of Rohan, attempting alfoby
means of his Confederates to raife a fedition in Nifmes •, which
the Duke having notice of, fends the Lieutenant of his Guards
with a command to arreft him, where ever he fhould findhim>
who, afrer fomc time fpcnt in the fcarch of him^ at length arrclH
him in i//^^.
When Ni/wfj was thus fecured, order was taken for the Ic-
yying,and paying of a fuflicient number ofSouldicrs to preferve the
Countreys'about Mctupellier, Nifmes, and Ufe-y^ from the fpoylc,
and ravage, the Duke of Montmorency had orders from the King
tomake mthofepaits, and alfo to fend fome fupplies to Mo?i'
taubaa.
After the holding of this Aflembly, it was thought fit that an-
other (hould be convened in the 5ez/r;^e J for the fame caufe; and
forafmuch as the Duke of Montmorency already began to burns,
and wafte the places neat MuntpcUier, Kohan to prevent farther
mifchief, left Lii^^ec^ his Quartcrmafler- General with a Brigade
cf horfe : upon the firll approaches of Montreal Major-General
to the Duke of Montmorency^ at a contefl about a Farme-houfe,
the Adjutant feeing his fon too far engaged, goes with fome Muf-
quetires to difengage him, whereupon Montreal chsLv^cs him with
aoovc an hundered horfe j but L;2«rfe^ came very opportunely to
hisrefcue, charged, and wounded Montreal with his own hand,
made him file, and purfued him fighting up to' his own body>
^hlcb was in fo cohering a condition ? that had SaiKt Andre the
King's
f
7^ The Memolres of the D^l^e of Rohan. Book II.'
King's Lieutenant of MontpcUerma.dQ ufeof that opportunity to
' charge them, he had utterly routed the whole party.
We muft now return to the otherfide of the Loire, and the De-
puties the Duke of Koha?i had fent to the Court : Thofc that were
dcfirousof Peace, endeavoured to keep the King at I'atis to ex-
ped thofe I>eputies, of whofe fpecdy arrival the Duke de Lefdi^
guires had given notice | for that the Chancell«ur, and tnePre-
Hdcnt ftfUfi, who were unfit for travel could not other wife be ^
prefent at the Council, nor confequendy be able to withftand the'
Violent motions of thofe who were inclined to a prolongation of
thewarre, which they perceiving, omitted no inventions to with-
draw the King hom Paris, ani on P-ilfn-Smday carried him by
flealth, out at a back gate of die Loiiv/e, juft as if they were run-
ning away with him, to keep his Eafiei at Orleans-, whence, with-
out Haying for the ^een-Motherj he goes down the River as far
as N^fttes ; the fortunate fucceffe of the Duke of Soabiy obliged .
him to take this couife ; who with two thoufand men, in the mid-
deft of all the D jke d' Efperno?t's forces, in X'.iintonge, ^nd.^/tgoid-
mois, of the Count de '^tchsfouQ^mlts in Vi6lon, and Saim Lu^es
inthelflinds hid feized and fortified the Iflc of Olevon., taken
Roy^//, theTo.verof hi'jiintic, Sxiigeon, zvxd feveral other places>
totally defeated Saim Lv^e's Regiment, and at noonc-day forced
L^ Cto;«c'jand tfok Les Sables : In £hort> he flruck fo great a ter-
ror into the Couritrey, that had not the King's arrival prevented
him, he had abfolutely made himfelf Mifter of the fi,ld : But
beto-e the arrival of the Duke of RoVz^'s Deputies, the condition
ot affiirs In ?i6i^!i being much altered by !:he defeat of K«>^, the
retaking o:^" Knyxn.,^nX the Treaty commenced -by Lt Force , they
were remitted to theQ^ieen-Mxher, who ftayed ati^.r^fej, and
froni thence to the Chancellour at Paris, fo that they returned
without hivmg efF-'fled any thing : The King keeping on his way
inG/^if>z«?,concludes the Treaty with L^ VoYce,^\io for a Marflial
n^Trajtce his flaff, and two hundred thoufand crowns gave up Saint
IPoy, which he hid injariou fly gotten, and detained ^io\\\Terbom
Parda:llan*s{on in law: And he, and his fons gave up all the Of.
fices, and Govern nenrs they enjoyed, without the privity of the
Aflfembly general or the Duke of P^o/jaa.
While this Treaty was in agitation, Tomdfis, after a hand-
fome defence, was furrendred to the Duke d' Elbewf -, and l.tc-
\igftift made a particular compofition for Clerac, which he yield-
ed ahb, fo that the Kin^ came to S:imt Antonln without any
o:heroppofirion: The Inhabitants oi Mon-taubin i mindful of
the good Qfficcs they had received from thofe of Sdini Ariton'm ,r
tliough they feared they, ihouid disfmnifh then^felves of Souldi^
Book II. The Memoir es of the *Dhke of Rohan. 77
ers, lent thither Saint Sib-iftlen a Captain in Beaufort^s Regi-
ment, with what Souldiers they could fpare to command the
place: But his being mortally wounded, ipanaflault made up-
on feme out- vorks, which were carried by main force, together
vith the fpringing of foine Mines, fo terrified the Inhabitants,
that in greatconfi'fion, andfo fuddcply yielded they the Town>
ihat two hundred men , which they dciived from Mdntanban^coi\-
duifted by Salcc:, and KoHJfeliere found the place taken , where
they were quietly let in by the enemy who ftabbed many of them,
before tlie reft could perceive that the place was loft. But at length
difccvcrlng their error, they fared themfeltes the beft they couldj
Salce and Ko'ijfelkre were taken, and not relcafcd but by the Arti-
cles of Peace.
Thofe'of Montanhan fearing that from Sahit Aiito7i:n the
nextvifit would be to them 5 follicitedthc Duke (^^ V^ohan for a
Governour, and fome fupplies of men , who fent them Salut An-
d'i de Montbrioi , who with great courage , and equal fortune
made way for himfelf and five Hundred Men into the
Town-
The King's approach to the higher Lungnedo c greatly dif-
hcartnedthe whole party, and give thofe that were falfe among
them an occanon to renew their intelligences ; Every Town in
particular, fent the fame harfh mcflage to the Duke , thatunlefs
heprefently repair thither, the whole Countrey will be given up.
This caft him into man9 anxious pcrplexitiesj for if he goes not
whither he is called, the Countrey is loft 5 andif hedoesgo , he
leaves the \o\stx l.aui;M do 6 to a manifcft hazard , where hisab-
fence would a\yz ChaHillod aw opportunity to revive his fadions
and confpiracies : And on the other fide the Duke de Lefdigui-
na prefles him with reiterated fummons to a fecond interview r
At length he refolves to relieve thofe that were moft neceffitated,
cxcufes \\\m^t\i io Lefdiguteres y fends a renfort of Souldiers t«
Mon'pcUier , to preferve their fields from ravage , by reafon that
the Duke of MommorcTicy had received a recruit of five Troops
cf light Horfe , which Zamet brought him from the King's Ar!iry>
and gives order for the levying of a thoufand men for the higher
tangu-doc ; v. hither as he was going with his own attendants'"on-
ly, Chauve , Minifter of the Church of Sommhrs ^ a man of ex-
emplary piety , and fingular eloquence, comrsto him at Smt
^oMdc Gardonmnque y and tells him that he knew, and that by
very good information , that ChafUilon , much difpleafcd with
himfelf for his former aftions , was fore troubled to fee the im-
minent ruine of thofe of the Rtligion , whom, but for t\\t a^"-
Irontshchad receifcd , he hnd luvcr defcrtcd^ asd was confi-
dent,
y2 ThstM'emdiresfif the D^ke of Kohin, Book !!>
dtnzy that if he were handfomcly dealt with? he would return a-*
ffainto the party, lo the great advantage of it, both by rcafon
oftheconfidera^ion of hispcrfon, cipcciiWy in La?igue doc y and
©fthe confequcnceofthe Town of Aiguemortes ^ which was ia
his hands. This was a device of ChaftiUojCi confederates, who^
jknowing the reputation of this Minifter, had abufed him with
thcfehepes, that the Dukes refufal to admit of him, might fur-
nifti them with more fpecious pretences on which to ground their
detraftions and new calumnies againft him j which the Duke
very well forefeeing , anfwers. That he was Ibfarre from diver-
ring his good intentions , or hindring a work of fo general con-
cernment, as the regaining fuchaperfon to their party , that,
on the contrary , ia any thing tending to their advantage, he
would meet him more than half way : A $ for the command con-
ferred on him, byreafonofthe other's abfenting himfelf from
the Province , as he had never fued for It , fo neither was he
fo fond of it , as not to yield it up, whenever the Province that
gave it hlmi (hould think fit to revoke it j and that he wiflied
with all his heart, that he would ferioufly and in good earriefl ,
comply with his duty to his own > and the publick Interefts ; that
for his pare, he was contented with the command affigned him*
by the general Affcmbly at Rochell , in the upper Gaienne , and
the upper Lan-gnedoc, whither he wis now going to provide a-
gainft the dangers the King's approach gave them caufe to feare,
leaving the way open for Chaft'iUon to return to thofe he had be-
fore forfaken: However the duty he owed both to his imploy-
raent, andconfcience, obliged him to fay, that there were yet
many things in this cafe to be confidered , and that the ProvlBcc
ought maturely to weigh, and every one in particular ftridly to
examine the importance and confequences of this affair , and
principally C&^«^/e himfelf, both by reafonof his profeffion, and
the charge he had now undertaken: But that the infallible tryal
ofhis finccrity wouldbe, whether he would eff^ftively deliver up
into the hands of the Province, the Town of A'lgnemortes ; for
that if his pretences to ferve the party were real and fincere , he "^
would make no difficulty of it, but if feigned and fallacious , he
would never dif-polfeffe himfelf of it : Chauvc very well
approved the motion , believing he would acc^t of it > and fo re-
turned.
The Duke forefeeing that in his abfencc this bufincfs would be
tnoved again , gave an efpecial charge to Dupky ( whom he left
liis Agent in that Province) to take great heed, that nothing paf»-
fed there, to the prejudice of the publick or his Intereftj to
whichcnd he gave him fufficient power , and inftruitions, ten-.
ding.
Book II. The Memelres of the Duke of Rohan.' 7p
ding chiefly to this, that if this propofition were ftarted in any
Affcmbly whatfoevcr 3 and that they (hould proceed to Treat on
it without the precedent condition , to wit 3 that the Garifon ©6"
AigU'CWertes (hould be firft reftored to the difpofal of the Pro-
vince, he ftiould oppofe it j and if they Treated on thofe termes,
he ihould fee that there were no foul play ufed, and that nothing
Were concluded without a previous performance «f that con-
dition.
Thisdoncj heproceediinhis journey to the higher Langue-
doc, and arrives there juft upon the taking of Saint ^ntomriiand
fo opportunely, that he prevented the Rendition of L^mbe^ziA
^ealmont-i and revives the drooping and almoft decayed fpirits of
the whole Countrey, in which he loft nething but Carmaing^Sam
E^ue', and Cucq-y the firft by treachery>the other two by reafon o£"
their weaknefs were quitted by the inhabitantSjand afterwards fired,
as the Army marched by.
The King feeing? that the Countrey refumed their courages,
advances further, carried on with the hopes the Duke of Mo«f-
morejicy and Cfc>i^?7/o« gave him , and chiefly of M<7??/^ci/if?-,. fen-
ding all his Ammunition down the Khone 10 ihzlovj^vLanguedoc^
BUccons revolt, who fold f^aye to the King for twenty thoufand
Crowns , having opened the paffage of that R iver : The Duke of
Vi.ohan on the other fide gets before them , and enters MompiUi-
er at ihe fame time the King got into Bc^iiers ; leaving a tlK>u-
fand Foot with Malau^e to aflift him againft the Duke of y^cH-
dofme, whom the King had left with an Army in the higher Lan-
giicdoc, as he had alfo the Marfhal Thcmines with other Troops a-
howilAontahhan. •• '\
About the fame time came a Gentleman to the Dulcc of K.d-
han , from the Duke of BouiUon , with credential Letters , iai-
porting alfo hisrefentments ofthemifericsofthofeof the Religi-
on y that he thought a Peace would have been concluded at Saint
^ohn.'y and afterwards at Montauban ^ that, fince that heunder-
ftood that he and the Duke de Lefdiguicyes were in Treaty about
it , that he advifed him to conclude it upon any terms , provided
it were general ; for that being not abkto difputc the field with
the King, for want of forraign affiftance, their deflrudion ,
though it might be retarded, would yet be inevitable , and that
the longer the peace was deferred, the more difadvantageous
' would jt be : Ncverthclefs if it was our ruine , that they had in-
alterably decreed, thathe would take the field with v\ hat forces
he could make ? to afiift the party by a ccnfiderable divefficn of
the enemy J that he was in Treaty with Count Hcnsfcld :, and
sharhcdcfired three things oftlicDuke: Firll, that he would
im-
So The (JHemoim of the Dnk^ of Rohan. Baok If,
irfipower him to Treat with Forraigncrs r Secondly, ^hat liCjand
the Provinces undef h^s comtitandj Ihould oblige themfclves to
bear an ecjual (hare of the charge of the Levyes : Thirdly, that
no Peace fltould be concluded without him j all which Propofiti-
ons were aflented to , and the Gentleman returned well fatisfiedj
having alfo received a faithful aHurancc? that if the peace were
not made by the firft of September ^\t fhould nor be concluded with-
out him, provided that with in the time limited he were certified of
his acceptance of the conditions.
In the abfence of the Duke of Koh.i?i from the lower Langut-
doc , the Council of that Province , compoled at that time of the
Deputies of the three Towns of Mo^z/^c/Zi^r , Nifmess and Ufe-:^y
imagining that (ince S-iint Arofti?t was taken , they might be
the next the King would invade, and that though the fort .ficari-
onsof Mo^-f/'e/Z/er were already well advanced, yet was it unpro-
vided of men and provlfions, conceived it neceflary to affembld
the whole body of the Province , to order all j and Lunel was the
place defigned for the Aflembly to be kept at j where when alt
the Deputies with D//:p/^;( were met , and had debated, and refol-
ved on what concerned the Viduallin^ and fecuringof MofitpcUi.
tr, and other places in cafe they ihould be befiegcd j the adhe-
rents of ChapiUoi , of which there were many prefertt , having
made their parry , thinking to make their advantage' of this op-
portunity, produced againc the Articles for his rc-cftabli(hment ;
TheDeputiesofthe three Towns, voluntarily, and of themfclves
oppofedthis oveiture, for fear of fallmg into the hands, and un-
der the command of one? they had fo highly offended , by de-
refllng hiir^of his charge ; Protcfting to the Affembly , that if
they aflumed any other debate than what concerned the executing
of the Decrees already pad 5 for the relief of Mo^/^/^f/f^/er, and o-
ther places, they would utterly dcfert them , and d ,favo\v all their
fature determinations ; Dupiiy in obedience to the command he
had received , feconded this opj_>olition , which Bcrtichercs ( Mo-
derator of the Aflembly , as bein^ the Duke's Lieutenant Gene-
ral j alfo much countenanced, alledging, that they had no power
to AfTemble, in the abfence, and without the permlflion of their
General ; and that though they were now convened , yet was it
with his goDd leave and ai^probation , and upon the prefcnt exi-
gency of "affairs , of which they had given himanaccountjand that
ih'is neceflity being now taken off, they ought to forbear-tUe debate
«f other particular matters,till his return.
NeVcrthelcfs the confederates aforefaid ■refolutely perfifted
iflth.Mr d.-fign , renforcing errry day their follicitations , with
hooes torrocureatlcnj^tha rcfi:mption of the fufpecded debate ,
and
Book II. The (Jilcmolreiofthe D/ikf cf Rohin, 8l
andtocarry itby plurality of voices , or at leaft by this means i»
tzkc off Lftne! y Almargues, and hUugtiio ^ which adhering; to
Chafi:Uon , v/ouldraife.hisefteem at Court; oc whidi when the
Deputies of the three Towns, and Dnpny had norice , they refol*
ved, thar at the firfl mention of it, they v/oi'dd objcd the intereft
of the Province of the St-vr^zf J- , v/hichbeingapai^ of the Gene-
rality of the lower Latigftedoc y itniufl needs be prejudicial to
the common repofe of both the Provinces, to determine that af-
fair? without the others intervention or ptivity; .wherefore they
fent a tru:: account of all that had palled to the Council of thnc
Province then fitting at Andu-:^ , together with their advice con-
cerning what they conceived ought to be done by them in the
behalf of their Province: The fame Deputies alfo, with Dtipuys,
went to Bcrticheres to make fure of him , who faithfirlly promifea
to continue immoveable in his oppofition. In the fucceeding Scf*
fions there were ftlllfome words thrown out by C7?^j'?///y?«'s friends,
concerning that fubje^ , but they palfcd unregarded. In the
meanwhile came the Depui;Ies froai the Aflfcmbly of the Pro-
vince oUYizScvems y who made a large Remonflrance of the
injuries their Province would receive from the change they would
introduce in their proceedings, that it was an unheard of proce-t
dure , and that their Province could never fuffer, that that cf
'Laiiguedoc y ihouldby it felf prcfumeto abrogate the Decrees of
the AfTembly of the Circle , or five Provinces , in which the De-
puties of the AfiTembly of the Sevcna had a joync concurrence of
Votes with thofe of the \o\stzLan.g:ied§c y and moreover repre-
fented to the Afiembly their own Interefls , and the inconveni-
ences would enfue their fubrfiitting themfelves to the power and
condudof am.an, whom they had fo highly provoked, by the
fufpicions they had of him ; andintheiaft place protefted. That.
in cafe the AfTembly fl^ould proceed further? in the abfence of the
Duke of Kohariy or without his confent and approbation,they would
abfolutely difclaim them.
This oppofition of the Deputies of the Council of the Sevcnef,
feconded by thofe of the three Towns, grounded upon their o'-vn^
and the large CommiiTion, and power of Dupny fomething cool-
ed the heat of thofe follicltours, which yet in a fliort time after
they refumed again ; and importuned Chauve anew, to profecute
whit he had begun i which he would by no means undertake,
without imparting it to J^npuy y who after'he had remcmbredhim,
upon what terras' he had parted with the Duke of Koha^i at S:itnt
^ohn de Grrdomrnqae) tells him that hewou'd confider of it,
and then c^ive him his anfwer •, and in the mean time had a con-
ference about it with the Deputies of the three To.vnS;who thought
G ic
S2 TheMemoiresoftheDp^keofKohzn, Book 11.
k not unfit that ChaHve^ as of himfelf, and without any particular
Commlifion) fhould found Chafiillo^'s inclinations , to difcovcr
whether he would yield to that condition of delivering up Aigue-
mortes into the hands of the Province, which was then very op.
portunely met, to receive both it , and him, with all aflurance he
could defire of an Amnefty , and the continuance of their refpcds
to him : It being moft apparant, that Chafiillon, who they knew
defired nothing more than to intrude himfelf among us , only td
render himfclf more confiderablc , andhis Interefts more favou-
red at Court, would never disfurnifli himfelf of the only means
left him , to procure a performance of the promifes made himt
and that thus they (hould alfo make him defift from his purfuic.
When they had given C/w«t;e their anfwer in chefe termes? he
approved of it ; and promifed to comport himfelf according to
their direftions j and thereupon had a conference with 'BajijiUoit,
the Minlfter of Aiguemortes , who highly magnified the advanta-
ges this re-eftablifhment of C,^fl^;iZo» would produce to their par-
ty in general : To whom Chciuve replyed , That it would be im-
polfible to efface the impreflions ChaUillon^s procedures had left
in the whole Province , unlefshe fupplicd them with the means he
had in his hands 3 by yielding up the Town oi Aiguemortes to their
difpofal; which if he would do, they would evidence the con-
tentment they hadjto fee a perfon of his quality return into rhc
way from which he had digrefTcd, by their promptnefs to fervc and
honour him, as they had formerly done : This difcourfe pleaf«4
notBanpUen at all, who told him, that he conceived that Cha.-
fiiUofi neither would , nor ought to confent to this Propofition;
that he had good reafon to take heed of falling into thofe fnares
he knew were fpread for him 3 for that having devefted him of
all power? they might the more eafily difpofe of him at their
pleafure , or at leaft pay all his former fervice with the cold re*
ctompenceof Oblivion, ornegledj and that therefore he con-
ceived the Treaty abfolutely broken : Upon whichsas Chauve was
about to leave him, he cold him 5 that he would give ChAUiUm
an account of all , and him an anfwer the next day at the fame
place ; which he did, and in effed conformable to his own pre-
conceptionsjwhich abfolutely cleared the judgement of Chauve, and
many others airo,when he had given the Aflembly a Summary of
this conference. -^
In the mean while the Deputies of the three Tcwtts Inceflarir-
\y follicitcd V^puy , to pr^fs the Duke of Kobe's return » repre*
Tenting to him the condition of the Province, and the danger k
%vasin of being ruined by the dlvi/ions fprung from this late Pro-
pciiiionj and the delay his abksic; ©ccaiicncd inthc prcgrefsrf
iheir
Boo^II. ThtCMemalres&ftheDHkefKohin. 85
?heir affaires : Whereupon D^^k? refolvcd, to make a journj^
himfelFto iheDukeof Roha»i But yet he would not leave t^a
/ifTcmblyj before he had gotten a promifc from Bfrtickerei , thar
there ftiouldbe'no more mention made of the aforefciid re-cfta-
bliihrncnc for eight daycs , by which time he fhould rsLuin a->
gain from i^ifmes v.hither he pretended h^ r.as ecin^ 5 but in
the mean time he2;cesby^reat journeys towards the Duke,. wlioni
he found at Vont 2e Camares y who haying received froai hi:T^ an
account of all paffages, quitted aH ether things to return uich ail
pofliblc fpeed to the lower Larjguedocr When he was.coms ta
Mirveis i he fent a Gentleman ? with command to travel night
and day to the Aflembly, tolet them know that he was within twq
days journey of them , and defired them to fufpcnd all further de-
bates concerning their affairs, till his arrival.
This unexpeded news furprized the Alfcmbly fo , .that In-?
ftead of continuing their confultations , they went to meet him as
farre as Sommieresj where when he had learned of themj^'hat or-
der they had taken for the raifing of Souldiers , and fupptjing the
Garifons with neceiTariesjhe ratified what they had done , and f*
difmiired them.
Thus ended this tentative ©f Cbai}iUen*s fvknds to report
him to a repute with the Party : After which Rehr.n went to
MontpdLieY-i where he turned fifteen or fixteen of his ehiefeft Gea-
fidents out of the Town, and ordered all th jr.^i ncccfl'ai y(as before
he had done at Hontauban) for a fiegejboth for ammunitionjvidtii-
alsjand the fortifications. ..
It istobe obferved, that in the Duke's abfence , Amcric the
•ill ft Conful of MontpcUier , and Cari'mcas his Kinfman , took r c-
cafionupona defeat of two or three companies, n^ar to PooZ/fr,
which Saint And e had Tent thither , while the enemy was plun-
dering the Countrey thereabouts 5 to accufe h'.m to the people »
who had already a jealoufie of him j and Bertichcres, thous; his
father-in-law, inftead of afliflinghimj helped to thruft him out
of the Town j not out of any afftdion to the caufe , but of a pe-
ftllentafnbition raigned among them ; every one labouring to
laifehisown advantages upon the mines of others, and better
~ their conditions by delivering Mon^pellier to the King : But the
feventeen dayes flay the Duke made there? and the difcoyery he
I made, by a Meflenger of the Prefident Faure , takert neare
yiifm s , xhatBerticheres Treated with the Kin^, together with
Tome Colonels , who were ordered for the defence of Men.'pel-
lier-y and the execution of Biman , who was one of thcm»
reduced things to abetter porture; But yet thcfe difordcrs re-
tarded the Jtevycs, fo that of fours thoiifand Soiildien de.'ignri
- . G 2. ed
S4 ^'^^^ CMemeWesof the Vt^ke of Roh an Book H
cd for the dzitacc of the Town y they got in but fifteen
hiindicd.
It is moreover to be noted , that the Dulcc of Rohan feeing
the great wane of Ammunition in the Province of lower Langne-
(foc, and of time, and means to foitifie all thcit Garifons, pro-
pofedthedifnuntling of them, and the reducing of their forces
X.0 Mo'i pcUier -, Nip/tJS ^ llfi':^ zndSomm'cres-, which the people
then reje^'^ed 5 but have fince, though too late> repented itj for
their obftinacy drew upon them the lofs bothof their Eftates and
Liberties ; for whiles they vainly tr.fl:d away their time and la-
bour, in fortifying To many places, neither of them was fortified
or defended as it ought, but both they,and the reliefs fent to them,
which in the other places would have been of great ufe , were now
made wholly unferviceable.
The Kln:^ feeing that the care and diligence of the Duke of
Roha?t had defeated all the defignes ot'thofe that would have delK
veredup Mon^pilller to him, ftaid fome time at ^^TJcrs to cx-
pecl his Ammunitions , and to recruit his Army : And in the
incan time fent the Mirflial dc ?raflm to befiege Bcd^rieux i
which he took, and difmantled j and then fent the Duke of -W<)??^r
mo e-firy to take in Mtnguio , which the inhabitants knew not how -
to defend 5 nor yet would they quit it j nor fpeyle the wines, as the
Duke oiRe^^aft had commanded them.
Tht Prince of Condg about this time came to the K'ng's Ar-
my, and thence went to bcCiegc Luncl andM^jJiUargucs ^ withiri
ha'f a League one of another , and fufficiently ftorcd with all
iieceflaries , there being in Lwtcl two Colonels befidcs the Go-
vernour , who all joyndy wrote to the Duke of Roha?!. , that if he
would fend them in but five hundred So.ildicrs, they would g>c
a handfom- account of the place: The Duke, when he had fet-
led Ca.lg7i.gcs in Mon^tpdlier , and left Dupity his Agent there , in
his name to provide all things requifite for the defence of the
Town, went j.Hirpofely to prepare the defired fupply , and ftct
them in eight hundred men; but much to their regret ; for the
n xtday , though they had nocfuflfered any the leafl cx!rtmity ,
and ti lac the breach made was nor conHderablc , they yielded
Sic.-iirelves with all their Arms, and Bagf^age. Thofc of M^t/JU-
i I'guci had done the like but a few dayes before : But the Arti-
cles ciLr,;el were violated even before the Prince of Conde*9
tace ; for vv hen the Garifon marched out, they were beaten, dif-
armed, flripc, and a great part of them killed or maimed; and
*n cni. lamentable pofture went ^hcy to 'Nifmes\\r\d Sommicres, on
which thfiv brought fo great a terror , that upon the appcarartce
-$5Uh€ enemy before SommineSy in whkh th:te were fifteen- hun-
dred
Book rr. Tie C\femolres of the Duke of Rohan. S $
dredmen, theydid evenas badasthofeof/./.';z-V; and> uhlchlsa
nioft fhameful thing to be related, the Captains look two thou*
fand Crowns, to leave their arms to the enemy.
TheTownof iV//)«5j alarmed by thefe fad accidents , fcnt
MefTengers to requcft a vifit from the Duke of Koh.in , which he
willingly condefcended to, but firfli got together as many Sou'di-
crs as' he could at /^/i^/."^^, which he left under the Command of
Choree his Lieutenant Gcnerjil in the 5rL.'f/;(?i 3 and of the Adju-
tant General, who when they faw the Duke of Montmorency re-
turn to the Seveit:5 , drew into a body about a quarter of a League
>irom A/idHTC J at a Pafs not eafily acceflible, which they fortifi-
ed ; and had not their care and diligence in furnilbing Sauve and
Met\ with' two valiant and expert Commanders , and a thou-
find, or twelve hundred Souldiers , drav>n out of Saint Hyppo-
lits , and the places adjacent prevented it , thofc two Towns
had been alfo loft: ; So that the good poflure they were in , toge-
ther with the Duke of Rohan's ob{lrU(fling o{ Montmo cncy's pro-
vifions, which came a great way off, forced hlm> after a fuccefTc-
lefs voyage,*to return again.
In the mean time the Marfliil TJicmims plundred all the Coun-
trey about Montaiiban , burnt all their Countrey houfes, and ob-
ftiufled their Vintage : ButalUhish'.ndred not Saint J.id/e de
Montbrnri , their Governour , from drawing cut h!s Canom and
battering, and taking many Caftlcs, among others, K ??-'>', and
l.i Biftidr f and floring his Town with Corne and Wine for a
whole yeare: He had alfo feveral S'^Irmifnes with tiie Gari-
fon of Mmtech , and others alfo, and fbiU came off with honour
and advantage.
The Duke of Vcndofme alfo with fcven thoufand Foot , an<!
five hundred Horfe, fate down before Lombc^-^ Malauxe comes
to Kealmnt with intention to relieve it ; but conceiving it not te-
nable agalnft fuch a force, by reafon of the weaknefs of the
Town, and that the Caftle which commanded it, was Garlfon'd
by the enemy; contented himfelf after a long Skirm'fh , with-
drawing off the Souldiers , as well inhabitants, asftrangers; and
abandons the town, which was burnt. From l.ombc':^ the Duke
march cs to befiege B/jffy?i? , a little place , weak of it felf > and
commanded almoft on every fide : Thither M.ilnur^e fent five
hundred men under the Command of FaucoTi , one of Sejigny*s
Captains , who behaved himfelf very gallantly : H- endured the
Siege a month or more , beat them off in four or five affaults ,
was twice relieved with frefli fupplies of men and powder , by
MaUut^^ whofe main body lay at Saint Paid and Mhtte ^ a-
tbouc a League and half from Btitejie's and nrv^r hid more than
. G 5 tAO
16 The CMetHolrescfiheT^ukeofKohfin, Book 11.
rwc choufand Fo^, and wo hundred Volunticrs on Horfc-back j
ivich whom , and by the means p^ the brave refiftance of the be-
fieeed 3 he did fo well , that the Duke of Venchfrne , being com-
tpanded by the King to come^ and joyn his pbrces with the Army
ihat lay before Morupellier , raifed the iiege after he had fpcnt
two choufand Canon bullets on themj and loft fifteen hun-
'ired of his men y ^nd thofe within the town three hun-
dred. •
The departure of this A npy, freed the whole Country from
tnuchharm> a nd f^rcarer fears ; and invites us to return tp the
io.ver lafi^ncdoc > where the Duke de Lefdlgiueres , havinfe
exv:i>angcd his ReKgion for the honour to he made Conftable of
Viunct ^ conceiving hinifelf more capable now, than hcretc^oiea
io procure a Pes cc , follicltes the Duke of Wohm to another in-
terview , who fccips; the hopes he had grounded on the Couiit
Man-ifiUd^ v.l'.owasgonc into Hy/Z^Wi^a had failed him , the
more willingly complks with his de fires. They met at S^nut P/i^
vm 9 where chcy agreed on all things, except the King's entry
into Mmpduer ; whereupon he obliged the Duke to*a journey to
jhc Town,- topropofc it to them, with all poffible aflurances,
:hcy fliou'd dcfirc> to teftifie, that they intended not the leaft in-
ffingjcmcntof their liberties: l^utthis to be done without any
vcfiation of Arms j ncr was the Dbke allowed more than t^o da yes
i^aytlicrc, to pcrfcd this negotiation ; who, confiderine; the
danger Mon^tpeidier was in, unlcfs fupplied with a new rerifort of
Sculdiersj for that the works being not finKhed , their defers
were to be mndc i;p with an addition of mere men , fends exprefs
Oideis CO his Adjutant General 5"pr/t? 5 to draw twelve hundred
men, cutpithetvofhoufand hehad with tpuch adoe detained at
Afidf^r^-' , and by the Valley of Montferrant condud themto Mont-
^eUler , th? nit!;ht cnfuing the evening that he (hould get in there:
But when the Captains and Souldieis knew that they were to be
locked up in ?4onipcU: or ^zhcy all deferred the ^djutant, who came
liiither acc<?mp;»nicd only with fifteen.
Thcfe of u'>/5S'0f/^^f/- wpuldbynomeansadralt of the Propo-
sition concerning; the Kij^g's entry into their Town^ fcaringafup*
preiiion of their liberties ? by reafon of the Prince of Conde\ ani-
niofincsa^aiaft them; which the Duke perceiving, encourage?
them to ftani bravely upon their defence , afluring them that he
wou!ci provitie fer their relief 3 in which? for his parr, he omitted
r.cthing that mightfprward it : But as there is a vaft difference*
bGcweenthcprcmifesj ar-d payment of money, fo inftead of tea
days , within which time hi thought to have fent them aidj not"-
■Wi5hilsndirgl}isjoar?icysio iiifm ^^ UfL\^ zji^xhtScasnes, m%
with-'
Book II. The LMemoires ofthe'Duke of Rohani 87
wkhoitf manlfeil hazard of his pcrfon, could he not, under fi^*
weeks 5 get four thoufand men together; nor thofe neither vvk'*"'
out engaging himfclf by promifes to moftof the Captains; that
they were not to be fent to Montpellkr , but only that the con"
^deration of their numbers might procure them a more advan*
tageous Peace : So great was their conftcrnation ; and thofe
that were defiroLis to get thither, were yet deterred by the ap-
prehcn/ion of the difficulties 5 which really were very great;
the King having then an Army confifting of twenty thoufand
Poot, and three thoufand Horfe ; for the Conftable ? and the
Duke of Ven-dofme had now joyned their's with the other Forces ;
be/idesj fo great a way were they to go , and fuch difficult paf-
fes had they to get through > that it was impoffible to approach
within three Leagues of the Town 5 without cncountring the
King's whole Cavalry ; and moreover fo great a fcarcity was
iherc of Proviifions, that they could not keep the Troops together^
more than eight or ten da yes : Thofe o^MontpcUier of the ©ther
fide , could no longer fubfift for want of men , by reafon of the
cxceffiveduty they were on 5 and therefore every moment fenc
they mofl important Letters for relief; To which may be added
alfo a new 5'ummons fent him by the Conftable , who had before
left the Court in fome difcontent for that he could not prevaile
to obtain a Peace ; yet now at his return was he in higher c-
fleem , both by reafon of the Forces he had brought with him,
and that the Prince, in his abfence, had nothing advanced the
Siege : All which the Duke confidcrlnCT, and that he was utterly
defliture of hopes of any Forraign afliflance , having newly re-
ceived a Letter from the King of England preffing him to con-
clude a Peace , and feeing no probability of any good to be done
at home; every one being weary of the War, and labouring to
purchafehis own particular fafety , wirh the expence of the pub-
lick Interefl; that the firft Town (hould fall off, and embrace a
particular Treaty , would totally fruftrate all endeavours for a ge-
Jieral Peace ; that the leafl crofs accident (hould happen to Munt- .
pelliery or the relief intended for it, would be irreparable ; that
the King could not want men » the Duke of Angmlcfme beir^
then at Lions with a recruit of eight, or ten thoufand ; and that,
Kvith out a miracle , Montpcllter conW not hQ prefervcd; Morc-
ovcrj feeing that there were about the King two powerful par-
ties ; the one preffing the conclufion of a Peace, the other , the
continuation of the War ; and that the former could not fubfift
without a Peace, no more than the other without a War ; and.
that the Chief of the latter , to wit, the Prince of Cnnde had
^fferteddic Court upon the Ccmpofurc of former differences >
8 8 T^^f McmoWes of the Duks o/Rohapi Book.If.
he conceived that thofe that promoted the Peace being alwayes
neare the King 5 woisld rake care to fee it faithfully obferved ;
This made him rcfolve upon another conference vviih the Con-
ftabje, at which the Duke of Chevr eufe" \szs prefent; where aU
was concluded acco. ding to the Declarations and Breviates drawn
up to that purpofe : Which when the King acquainted the
Prir.cc of Conde wit'i , he Icf: the Court ; and the Duke of /?<?-
te, wich the Deputies of the S'.x'?/?-cj, Nfff^es, zn^Ufe^^ went
to Mo^'p Uierjwhtrc they all confTimed the Peace ; the fubftance
of the principal Articles of which was^ as followeth :
1. A Confirmation of the Ed';(fl of jV<^»frjjand of all Declarations
and Articles Regiftred in the Parliaments,
a. A reftoriiig of both theReligions to the placesjwhere they were
formerly cxercifcd.
3, Arc-cftablinii-nentof the feats of Juft ice. Offices of the re-
ceipts 3 and Officers cf the Fraances to .thofe places and
towns where they vvere before the troubles, except the Cliam-
ber ofthe pdidofG/*;f»;r, to A'^r^c.
4. Prohibitions to hold all Aflcmblles concerning civil affiirs
without leave, bat an allowance of thofe relating to Ecclefia-
iVical afflux only y as Co'i/ijloi ies f Colle^^ucs 9 National} and.
Provincial Sy/iods.
J. ADifchargc of nil Ads of Hoftillty according to the tenor of
the feventy fix. h j and fevcnty fevemh Articles of the Edids,
of Nantes.
6' A particular Abolition for vVhat happened a: Privas before the
troubles.
7. Acleare Dlfchargc of all Pcrfons liable to any accounts,
and Officers 3 according to the feventy eighth , and feventy
ninth Ai ricks of the fiiid Edicls of ysmtes y as alfo of all
Judgements, given againft thofe of the Religion 5 fiace
t?ie Commencement of the prefcnt commotions, according to
the fifty eighth, fifty ninth, andfixticth Article of the fecond,
•Edia. "^ ^ ■ ;
S» A Confirmation of all Ju(igements,giverfb.^ Judges of the Re-;
ligion, Conflitutedby the Superiours of the Party j both in
Civil- and Ciiminal matters.
9. A free Dilchargc of ail perfons of both Parties 5 without ran-
fome.
10. A rcf^oripg of all pcrfons to their Efiates5Liberties5and PrI- '
vlledges, Offices, Honours,and Digniricsjnorwithflandliyg any .
, <fcrnaer GiUsor Confifcatioirs, ■ -^
u. And
Book II. TheAfemoiresefthe DnkjofRoh^n. Sp
31. And more particularly the King doth Declare, Ordaine y
and Decree, That for the future there (hall be no Garifaa
kept , nor Cittadel built in the Town of Montpellier ; but
thathisMajeflie's pleafureisj that the charge cf the Town
fliall be in the hands of the Confuls, and that there be no in-
novations there , except the deaiolifhing of the late fortifi-
cations.
3 Z' That all the fortifications of /vec'?f//^)a nd MofUaiibtmy remain
intire 5 and the moiety of thofe of the Towns of Nijmes , Ca-
ftm, tlfc\y and ^iUii^d,
The end of the Second Book^
•
THE
4
Jooklll. ■
9t
"m^^m^^^^^^m^^m^
THE
Memoires
OF THE
DUKE of ROHAN:
The third Book.
Containing a Relation of the feoond War/e againfi
' tho[e of the Reformed Religion in FraHce.
^He Peace thus concluded 5 the Prince gone from
the Court, and his Fadion^ by his abfence, and
the death of the Cardinal de Ret\ quite de-
cayed, every one began to have fair nopes of
its continuance-, and that, grown wife by our
former tiiifcarriagesj we ihould now renounce
all future thoughts of Civil broyles, and mind
ihe ProteAIon of the ancient Allyes of the Crown : But the beams
©f favour now refleding folely on Vnirjeuxy^. man of a hot fpiritj
and whofe whole ingenuity confifted in tricks and fallacies, he be-
came more ftudious of his own, than his Mafters geatneJTe ( a
vice incident to all favourites) being carefull to raife himfelf feme
props at RjOWf, and very unwilling to gi^c Spam the Icasl difguft;
f ••( ■• . •■ So
^z The Memolres of the DnJ^e of JKohxn. Boole IIL'
So that all Leagues with other forrajgne Princes, were made with
fuch refped to thofe two powers, as if we flood in fear of their
-difplealurc : Nay, and to footh the Vopcs Ntincio , who had al-
fvayesoppofed the Peace, at the very beginning of it> would im-
^ertike to (hew him, that it was not made to abate the prefccuti-
on J but to promote the ruinc of thofe of the Rcforrned Religion.
For immediately afrcr the Kind's entry into MompcUier, the fenfe
of the general Grant was inverted in moft places of it, notwith-
llanding the fevcral Remonftrances the puke of Kohan made to
oppofe it : Nor were the Souldiers drawn away from MompUkr^
though promifed to be done immediately after the King*s depar-
ture; then was it put off, till his return from P/o-yc^^^^s then, till
he came to Av'rgiton^ and laftly till he (hould be at L'mis-^ whence
theEHfke of Re'u» having followed him to all thofe places, urg-
ing their departure very earneftlyi and perhaps too bolclly, telling
the King they ilioald ciefift frpm farther razing the fortifications^
if he revolicd that command, returned with a Letter tol^aleftcey
commanding him exprefly to do it. Nor did they forbear in their
march through /->:?«/?/;•«? to feize. upon all the places that were in
the hands of thofe of the Religion? though they had feived the
Kings party, the onV recompence they had for fighting againft
their cojifcienccs, nor were any but thofe only, that were polkfled
by the Q^iftable, exempt from this violence, which yet he pie-
ferved with much difficulty, for had not the Marflial Crcqid en-
gaged to deliver them up after his death, they had then goneche
fame way with -he reft. At Lioity the Deputies of Kochellc came to
wait nponthe King, whence they carried back Letters to A, mud
•Covernour of /o f Lf wVj , cemmanding him? that within eight
^ayes after the K3t/A''//<?/'i had performed what the Articles had en-
joyned thcm^ as concerning the demolition -of their fortifications,
he fliouldcaufe the faidForrto be flighted alfo ; but Aiitaui re-
ceived another of tf)e fame date, but a cleare contrary
fence.
When the King went from L'o;2f, towards V.vck^ the Duke of
JJote returned to LxiiguedeCy really and fincerely to execute, what
ever had been promifed in the name of thofe of the Religion,
touching that part of their fortifications ihey ought to flight. Go-
ing to Mofttpellie/ , he found the Confulate of the Merchants
changed, of which he complains to the Court? but in vaine: He
delivers the Kings Letter to KtUrue, who promifed to obey it i
from thence lie goes toNlfmcs and Ufc^twhom he prefently feti
on work 5 thence to the higher Linpedoc, Mon-tiuban^ JFoir,
and Ro'icigne^ where at a conference with the Duke of ycntadonYj
^z ^oum pf C.jr;?*^//i.', the Prefidea: dc Cm.Mde^ and the Count
Boot III, The Memoir e 5 of the ^hke o/* Rohan. 95
<i* Aquicn, Commiflioners, as he was for the dcfholilhihg the for^
clficarlons) all things were agreed on becweeh them and he for
his pare inftamly fee about them, deliver Ing up alfo all Forts, and
Towns that had been taken in the Wjtrre> rtftoring alfo the cx-
e cife o^ the Komifl) Religion to thofe places, v\here it had been
'fo:mer!yu fed.
NotwithHariding- all which VaUncg) \vh05befides the four thou-
fand men were in Alontpcliier , had four or five Regirrients mjrrc',
and three or four troops of light horfe, had dcfigned to furprizc,
v/iih thefe the Scvenes wnder pretence of taking up quarters there,
.and by means of fome correfpondencics he had gotten amon^
them 3 of which when the Duke had notice, from the principal
Commuhakies of the Severn s , who fent him their complaints of
this infringement of the Peace , he wrote to them back again
■ for anfwer, that he knew it was not the Kings plearure,and there-
fore that they Ihould not receive thcmj o.ndx.oP^alence that ht
ihould foibear thbfe quarters till his arrival, leaft othcrwifc ic
fhould prejudice the cftablifhment of the Peace : The Duke 6f
VmtadoiiY^ the Count dc Carmame^ and the Prefident de Cnminade
wrote to him to the famecffeftj \\hich he regarded not , but
proceeded in his ^tcrprifcj the Towns of S^uve^andOange re-
ceiving his Troopss but all the other places? upon the Duke of Ro-
h.m'% Letter refufed them : The Duke w hen he had put things in
■ fuch a forwardnefTe in the higher Lmguedoc^ returns to Moutpel-
Utr according to the agreement between him 5 and Valence : But
he was no fooner entred the Town, than made a Prifoncr , and
kept with a fevere guard upon him : This caufcd a great aftcnilh-
mcnt in many, who could not imagine that this Ihould be donie
without order 5 but being known at Court, it was not approved
of there, for fear left it fhould prove too great an obftrudion to
thcraifing of the fortifications ; fo that his liberty was prefemly
ordered.
Wniles the Duke v/as under this reftraint, Valence^ contrary
to the Articlesof the Peace, divides the Con^uXdiit o^ Mont pdlhr
between thofe of the Religion and the Papifts, and to effcdir>
iifed all manner of violence to the old Confuls, detaining them as
prifoncrsone v/hole night in his own lodgings.
The Court gave the Duke of Koh.zn no better fatisfadion con-
cerning this, than the former breach of the Peacej rcceivngj in-
ftead of relief, adv'cCithat ro avoid the fufpitions the lower lafk-
tjiedoc had of him, he fliould remove to the higher , to cxccuti
the remaining part of his Commiflion: For Tuy^cux brorher-in-
lawto V.il ?icc y having cafhiered Schomberg, and rcftorcd th?
.Chanc:llcur his Father^ vas now the only powcifiil man 3 and by
drawing
, ^if The U^emo'ms ^fthe Daks ^/Rohan. Book III.
drawing falfe gloflfes upon all the aft ions of Vakn-cd improved
them all to his advantage, and upon all occafions thwarted the af-
fairs of the Duke of 2?ofe^«5 clouding all his attempts with inju-
rious and finiftcr interpretations and jealoufies ; And yet upon
the anfwer the Duke fent that he would not leave i\r///»fj , nor
the Sevenes till they were rid of thofe Troops that lay upon them,
he quickly received an order to difmifle them : After which he de-
parted iGwards the lower LangHcdoc, leaving thofe of Nifma very
much unf atisfied of himj out of a pcrfwafion that he was of in-
telligence with the Court, and privie to all the violations of the
Peace, and that his imprifonment was not real, but a delufory
trick to palliate his other praftices 5 The ufual reCompencc per-
fons of quality and .honour derive from ferfices done to the
people.
When he came to M'Uand he was informed, that the Duke
d' Efpernoti had written to all the Towns held by thofe <^ the Re-
ligion in Kouergne^ to fend him Deputies both of the one, and the
other Religion , and that they fhould not proceed to the Eleftion
©f their Confuls? fwho are ufually chofen at whitfumide) before
they had from him known the King's pleafure thercinj this caufed
a great confufion among them; but by the advice of the Duke
of -Ke/)^» they proceed, notwithftanding, to their Eleftions , at
the accuftomed time, according to the Declaration of Peaces which
imports? that in the Confulary Towns, held by thofe of the Re*
I igion? nothing fhall be innovated; and then feht their Deputies
to the Duke d^ EH^ernon to know what his pleafure was ; Avoiding
by this means? the injury intended to the Peace, and them in this
particular.
This doncj he goes to Ca^resy where he fixes his refidence, and
thence fends the King a pcrfeft account of the entire execution of
his Commiifion ; humbly befeeching him, that, according to his
Royal promife, the difgarrifoningof -Mo/Jf/^c/Zie/j the demolition of
the Fort Letvki and the re-cftablifhing of the thamber(or Court
erefted in favour of thofe of the Reformed Religion) at Cafires,
might be no longer deferred : But inftead of receiving JuflicC*'
thereupon, contrary to the Aft of Pacification) verified in feveral
Parliaments, without ajiy reflriftionsj or limitations} the engage-
ments given underhand and Seale, re-iteratcd by feveral Letters,
the Anfwer given to the Propofitions of the Deputies general, and
hIsMajeflies anfwcrs to the Committee of the Parliament of
ThoHlowK^Cy concerning the Chamber of Cafircs, the Garrifon in
Mofttp:llicr was conzm'Acd, and a Cittadel alfo was erefted there,
the Voa Lewis was re fortified, and the Chamber was removed t© .
^e^ers : But this was not all ; The Temples, or Churches of thofe
of
Book in. The Memokfs ^fthe Dftki of Rohan. ^^ i
<^f ibe Religion were ftill detained from them ; The Parliament
H Thtnl^H'Ke made an Ordinance for dividing the ConJHlate of
P^JW/Vrx, between thofc of the Reformed ^ and th«fe of the K#*
fnijh Religion; vexes asnd torments particukr perfcns, by j^*
prifoniftg their perfons, and fcqueftring their efftates for thingi
they had, according to the tenor of the Declaration, been in*
dempnlfiedfor: In fhortj the prefllires of thofe of the Religion>
(ince the Peace^were far heavier, than thofe they fufFered in tht
rime of the war. The Duke of i?o^<T» continues his foUicitatjons
at Court ; and declared his mind fo freely, that he wa« forbid any
farther to mention of their affairs, it being the King's pleafur^
that they fliould addrefle themfclves to the Deputies general, who
alfo promifed with all fpced poffible to fend Commiflioners into
the Provinces to uut the £di(f^ in execution, and redreile all their
grievances, ^
In the mean while the Galleys remained ftill at Bonrdeaux, and
the Duke of Ghife came up with his Ships to the Ifle of Re^ whicfi
gave a great alarm to RoeheUe^ and made the Duke QiSOHbi^s-i and
the Count de Laval^ lo retire alfo to the Town : Biic thi$ feat
%va$ quickly over 5 the Duke withdrawing thence, and faylir^
with his Ships towards MarfeiUesy followed by the Galleys, whoS
abfence had much prejudiced the trade of Frovencc, imboldning
the Pyrates fo,that they took and carried away their Merchandi-
ses even in fight of MarfetUfs. But the King difcovering much
difpleafurc againft thofe that fled in to RocmCUy the Count de La-
'^dl, went to make his Apology at Court ; But the Duke of Sou*
hi^e, conceiving that way not honorable for him ; and that hi«
abode in Poi^o«, or Britanj/j could not be with any fccuiity, gooi
Akedl J to Cajlres.
But let us now look after the Cc«imifiioii<;rs fent into LangMi-^
doc to put the Edift in execution ; Yavicr , Couufellor of State,
and Saim Privaty were fent on this imployment ; biit, to mate
ihorr, did nothing, cither in the upper, or the lower LanguedoSy
tending to the cafe of thofe of the Religion ; but rcmov'rgto
Vam':ers-> fell into a divifion concerning the bufincfle of the Gon-
fulare there, and each of them fent his opinion, and reafons to
the Court: And thus paffcd the year one ihoufand fix hundred and
twenty three.
In the beginning of the year 1^14. LaVictmiUe , whom the
Chancellour had advanced to the Super-intendancc cf the Than'
^f^, not enduring that his Benefador Ihculd be hisCcmpetiteur
in favour, amor gft other things complain? of the difTeivices he and
fuffteux had done the State, in prefcriirg the interfftand ad*-
vantageof Rgmc ^ and Spamy bcfoiC that of Fifftee., and that
the
^5 ThexMemoihsof the D/ik^ of Rohin. Boole Il|v
the acce^ancc of die Articles of Peace touching the affair of the
Valteline i by the Commander de SiUery Embafladour at Romey
and brother to the Chancellour, was occafioned by inftruftions,
which he f unknown to the King ) had received from Fr<?»Cf, to
thatpurpofe: Whereupon the King; , as eafic to believe the
ivorft , as hard to believe the beft of any one , rcfolres to dc-
privff them of their Offices , and gives the Seals to AUigre Coun-^
fcllour of State , and Puifimx his Office of Secretary of State ,
was (hired among his other companions ; and l^icHviUe remain-
ed the only Favourite; who to im^^ov^ their difgrace to his fur-
ther advantage , caafed all the Embafladours to be changed ,
placingcreaturescf hisown in their rooms; and had like to have
framed a Criminal Procefs againO: the Chancellour ; who in a lit-
tle while after dyed of grief and age ; and the Keeper of the Seals
was promoted to his place. "^
Afterthls, the new Favourite, changing the former Max-
Jmes, that he might the better difcover the male-adminiflrations,
of thofe whofc difgrace he had procured , caufcd the Treaty of
tht ydtel'tite to be difowned ; obtaines another more advantage^
ous to the State ; fets on foot the Marriigeof Madame the King's
Sifter 5 with the King of En-g'and ; renews the Leagues for the
recovery of xhtValteime ^ and refcuing it from the oppreflion o£
the Ger manes : To which end Bethime was fcnt Embafladour ex-
traordinary to Rome; the Marquefs de Cceuvres to the Valte"
l'me\ Mansfield into Gcrma7%y with confiderable Forces; and
the Conftable with the Duke of Savoy againfl the Gertoefes. This
difpofition of affairs gave fair hopes of great matter s> which indeed
had very profperous beginnings.
And that there might be a good ftock of money to carry on,
theWarresj an Inqulfitlon into the Fimnciers was thought very
expedient. AMbcCnu^eBeaHmarchais Vieicville's Father-in-law
wasthechiefefl: , andwealthieft among them 5 they refolved to
difgrate him firft r And in order to it , firft of all they fcattered
little Pafquils againfthim'; afcerwardis they dealt more boldly >
•and jilainly with him 5 and every one, prognofflcating > from the
▼iolcnt profecutlon of his Father-in-law? that himfeif was not
like to continue long? took liberty to exhibit accufations agalnfl
him alfo. To that at length the King commanded him to be arre-
flej J and fent ro Amboife-, where he was kept till he made an e-
-fcape, without ever knowing the caufe of his Imprifons^aenr, and is
novv at his own houfc in full liberty, and fccurity. ,
To this Favourite fuccceded the Cardinal Richelieu^ wh»
owed his firfl: introdudion toScate employments to his predeccf-
iovLt^^ienvillv, Sec how faithfully ihcfe Favourites fcrve onea^i-
mher^
Book nr. The Oiiemolres of the Dnke of Rohan. 97
•other : The King recalls Schomberg > and fees ac liberty the Mar-
shal d' OmMo , who by the inftigacion of Vieuville had been a
little before committed to the Bafiille. Thefupporc the Cardinal
had from the Queen-Mother ? made his favour more lafting
than the others , and encouraged him alfo to greater infolencies ;
JFor the King having a great avcrfion to the Queen? his Wife>
andnolefs ajcaloufieofhisbrothe: 3 the Duke oE A/tjou , con-
ceived that the Qjeen his Mother ? would be of great ufc
to him, to moderate J and compofe thefe domeftick jars , which
jnore difturbthe Palaces of great Princes than all their other affairs
be/ides.
The Cardinal who now grafped the whole power of France,
conti-nues the Treaty begun with ForraignE dates , and confum-
mateswhat his PredecefTours had left imperfed. But Amaud^
Governour of Fort-Lewis , dying, and Toiras fuccecding him in
his commands , favoured by the Cardinal, and Schomberg, con-
ceives greater hopes of ruining Rochclle , than ever Arnaud did ;
which were fo earneftly embraced , as if they had not at the fame
time undertaken a War againft the King of Spa'mc ; So that the
Rochellers, fadly reflefting upon the encreafe of their perfecutl-
©ns 5 and that the preparations to block them up by Sea were
near perfeded, and that the Forraign Engagements, nothing
leflened the contrivances againil their Town , apply themfelves to
the Dukes of Rohan and Sonbl'^e for their advice, and afliftance;
ivho were perplexed vyith many doubts about it , by reafon of the
divifions, and other defedions they had experimented in the for-
mer Wars, and that they were fearful of difpleafing the Fnglifb
and Hollariders t becaufc of the League lately made by them
with the King , conceiving that from them they were to expeft
cither their prefervation , or their ruine : Neverthelefs the nc-
ceffities of the Kof^f//aT forced them upon a defign , which the
DwVtQi So lihl-xe undertook the management of on B/(zz/er , and
the ihips that were there preparingfor the Siege of Rochelle, ho-
ping that upon his fuccefs iii the Attempt , the Allies, and Con-
federates of France, would more eafily incline the King to an Ac-
commodation with the Rochellers, as well for the difficulties
would obftrud the j^urfuit of his intentions agalnfl them 3
by reafon of the i(5lc of the Ships deftined to that pur-
pofe J as alfo for his defires to continue the grand dcfign of the
League.
Upon this ground the Duke oiSonbi'Ke abaut the latter end of
the yeare departs from CiTfJErej to go into Pai^ofi, where very fc*
crctly he makes ready five fmall Veffelsj with which, notwith-
ft»n ding the pcrfidioufncfs of ^V^i/^/Z/eijCowhomhc ha4 intruded
H th&
98 The Memolrcs of the Dpiks of Kohin. Book III.
the knowledge of the whole defign 5 and who a little before it
was ready for execution had diicorered itj he refolved either to
carry the Fort , orperifliin the attempt. In the beginning of
the year 1^25, he fets faile from the Ifle of Ki, with three
hundred Souldiers , and an hundred Mariners , which gave the
great Ship called the K/>gi» fo brave a charge, that after fome
refiftancc, he himfelf boorded her the third man, with his fword in
his hand, took her, and, prefently after, all the reft.
After this he lands his Men, with a refolucion to attempc
the Fort, which upon No'uaiiles information , was newly re-
inforced with fifteen or fixteen piece of Cano^ , andaftrongec
Garifon.
The Duke of Vendefme who was Governour of the Provinccj
and had made great preparations to block up the Duke of Stf«6/\e
in the Port of Blavet , prefently rallies up two ihoufand Foot,ind
two hundred Gentlemen , to force him in the Port , and with ah
Iron Chainejand a Cable , as big as a mans thlghjftops the mouth
of ft 5 which was very narrow and clofe adjoyning to the F®rt ;
So that Soiibi'^e for three whole weeks was locked up in it , ha-
ving nothing to guard his fhips , and man the Town of Blavet
( whofe advenue, which was very ftraight , he had cut off j with-
al, but the above-faid number of three hundred Souldiers ; and
was reduced to fuch an extremity , that the day before he got off,
his great Ship called the J^irgm , endured a battery of fix pieces
of Canon, and received an hundred and fifty fhot.
Whiles he lay in this perillous condition , the wind, that had
been, till then? ftillagamft him , changed, and Soi^ht%e feizing
the opportunity , fent fome Shalloupes mann'd with ^ood refo-
lute Souldiers, who, though all the while expofed to the fury of
Ewo thoufand Mufquet fhot, with Hatchets cut afunder the chain,
and the Cable, that barred the Port ; By this means he got out
with fifteen or fixteen fhips , and loft but only two which were
run aground on the Sands : In this Equipage he recovered the Ifle
o( Ke-i where having mended his fiijps 5 and gotten together a-
bout fifteen hundred men , he feizes on the Neighbouring Ifle of
Oleron^ where he ftaid to compleac his Army.
The UixkQ o^ Rohan y at the fametimq| had alfo made way
for fome attempts in Gurhnn-e ^ Languedoc ^ and Vauph'me : But
the Secretary Mon-tbrim , as he was travelling with fome ever-
rures from the Duke to his friends , was taken at Vill^''
Hciifve neare Avignnyi , and difcovered all , which dafhed the
gr eateft part of his defigns , ard caufed the three fens ciMontbrnn
Pre
t
BoolcIII. TheCMemoiresoftheDHkc fKohin. c^q
Prefcntly was the news rpreadabroad,thac-5o'^t;\«? hisproje(ft
was difcovercd, and broken 3 and the long time he was (hut ua
in the Port of B/<zi/f/-5 greatly perplexedxheDakeot Ko'Jan^ \vho
had no other news of him , than what the common rumour
breughr , but faw him difovvned'by the Town of Koch:lle , by the
JDepucies f^eneral alfo 5 and by ski the perlons of quality, that vvsre
of the UeligioDs at Varisy who more favouring the Court fadion ,
cndeavoLir'd to make all cur Towns difclaim him.
During this interval nothing was attempted * The two El-
defl of Montirun's Tonnes ? difcouraged at thefe unhappy begin-
nings, make their peace? renounced the Duke of Kohan. , and ga
int© Vauphiney but the youngeft named Saint A^i C the moft rc-
fclutc of thera, came to Carres , and did vvhat he could >
rliough in vain , to encouragcj and retain his Brothers in the
Partr. .
The Chamber at Bf^/^rj- , andthePrefidial of ATi/yw^i alfo >
together with all Officers of our Towns , make goodly Ads of dif-
avov/al , which they fcnc to >he Court : But at length when the
iie\vs came of Soub't'xe'i, gallant and fortunate Sally out of the
Pert of Blizvet , and that he was abfolutc Mafter.of the Sea , diey
began to think otherwife of him ? than as of a Pyrate j and the
Baron Pi^jols was fcntfiom Varis to the Duke cf Keh/.iM , the Co-
lonel Revillas from the Duke of Savoy , and after them came
the Baron of Coz/i^fi- alfo from the Conftable , to mediate an ac-
commodation 5 to which the Duke was really enclined, and clear-
ly did what lay in him to promote it , outcf a defire he had to
fervetheKIng inhis Wars in ^.'^(y: But either the perpetual and
malicious contrivances at Court, againil thofe of the Reli£!;ion ,
or the bad Inflruments employed in the Treaty , or the indifpofi-
tion, acthattime, ofthelateKing of England , and late Prince
of Orange , to aflift us , or all thefe things together,fruftrated the
negotiation of thcfuccefs it might have otherwiie had , and pre-
vailed fo with our Towns to make them difclaime the Duke of
Sohrbi-x^- J that the Duke of Kohan. , who till then would not ftir ,
was now enforcd to take up arms, to fhew, that it was no defed of
power, (as they imagined j but his zeal to pac:5e and compofc
things, that had hitherto reflrained him.
The firft day of May he began with an atcemptupon Lavaur,
but coming an hour too late, he miif'^d of his aimes there : yet'
was not this expedition wholly fucceflclefs, for in it he wrought all,
the Towns of Lmragaaps to declare for him ; and a: his return to
CafireSi hefoundjthat according to hiS order, "^ the Mar quefs of
I jW;?/i2.'iC^Mvas turned out ot Re al mont , which ahoat a. month be-
Ifcrehehaipofleirsdhiaifclfof ; And here it is to Bcobfcrved,
H a • chat
100 The LMerfiQirtio^ the Vtike of Koh^n Booklll
that M:ilau%e was roug,ht after , ^shv isAirjergne^ to be made
Head of a party againft the Duke of Kohan , for that the Town
o^RocbcUe was divided , and the Common Council refufed to
joyn with So:{bi\e ; So that the Deputy of the Town > in all ne-
gotiations, fpokeonly as from the common people, which party,
the Magiftrates, and Frincipal Inhabitants, ftill oppofed : So that
a very hard task had the Dake of Rohan , to reconcile? and unite
the Town of Rochclky and the other Corporations of the Religioni
wicK Soiibi'xe. Andforafmuch as it was very recpifite hefliould
go to bring about x\\z Scv:ncs ^ and the lower hangucdoc ^ where
the Deputy of Rochell. could not have audience , he convoqued an
Ailembly of the higher Langii-edoc at Carres , by which being
chofen for their General , he ra'fed fome Troops , eflablifti^d a
Committee of the AfTembly to order all affairs in his abfence, and
then fent Saint ApAtc de Montbrim with a Commififion to be Go-
vernour of Montaii^ban, which after much rcludancy, at length de-
clared alfo for the party.
This done , he goes thence with fix hundred Foot , fifty
Horfe, and four fcore Harquebufiers , and marches towards iMi/-
ta/id : When he came to Saint Afrique^ he was met by Coutrcl-
Us 3 fent from the Town oiRochdk , and Soiibi':;c, to inform him
of the entire conjunfticnof the whole Town with Souhi7^ , and
that, according to the Articles of Agreement , they had fent De-
puties to the Coart, defiringus todothe like 3 and to tliis end
Lit ¥ aye Saint Orfe had brought the King's pafs-ports for the prin-
cipal Corporations ; to which his Majefly was at length induced,
after iie had in vain efTaycd to divide the Dukes of Rohan, and Soh>-
biT^, and bring them to feveral Treaties.
When the report of this news was alfo brought to the Coun-
cil, ^n^ih^LiCouvYclles hadreprefented tothem the great divifl-
ons of the Rochellers , and the faA ions fprung up amongft them,
how extrcamly defirous they were of peace , upon what hard con-
ditions they had joyncd with Sotcbl^ 5 and the ill order they
took for their Navy , they conceived they had no-.v no time t«L
th'-owaway upon tedious debates; and that ( though Rohan li-
ked not of their procedure in Treating with the Court) fincc Ro-
chcUe had begun , it was expedient , to fhew that the party was
well united, ?nd ready to follow their example. Le Clerc ,- and
Noa'iUan, were chofen Deputies {or Montaiiban ^ Vorfon^ and
Madiane (or Caflrcs y G/icrin for MiUaud, and Forrain , and
Milletiere, for Rohan ^ uho defirous to excrad what, advantage
he could out of Siis opportunity , toinCnuacc into the ScvCJi^^ >
makcsufe of ti.e King's pafTe-ports to induce them to call an AU.
r£mbly^_a£ /}>7dii\e - vvhieh happily frccecdcd : Ficm J^iilidiid
he
Book UL The CMemolres of the Duke of Rohan. loi
he draws his Forces to Saint ^ehn de Bre'itili, which made a Ron-
rlfk , as if they intended to (land i: out : but when they Taw him
in a pofture ready to ftorme their Fort , they inftandy changed
their note 5 and fubmitted. Hither came to him three Deputies
from Vigan, todiffwadehim from marching thither , for that
he would finde the Gates fhut againft him , to whom he gave no
othcranfvverj but that he would try whether he fhould or not:
The next day he continueshis way , and two Leagues from Vi-
Z^^i met another mefTenger tothe famepurpofej who alfo added,
in cafe he advanced 3 thrcatnings of effufion of blood : But this
prevailing nothing on him 5 his adverfarics courage failed them >
and they drew back 5 So that without any difficulty he got to
Viga?i 5 whofe gates thus opened, cleared all the way as farre as
Whiles he was on his march, the Prcfidial of t^lfmes , and aU
fo the Chamber of Jiccyerj', ufed all their skill ( butiono end)
£0 alienate the affedions of the people of the Seven:s from the
Duke 5 who having refolved on a journey to Nifmes , was yet
loth to put it to a hazard , without firft founding the inclinations
of the Inhabitants j for fear left fo publick an alFront, as a rcfufal
tohisface,{houldruine his whole affairs. To this end he fcnc
thither Saint BlancArt , who having conference with feme of his
friends in the Suburbs , their advice was, that the Duke {liould
fufpend his coming thither , and that they would fend their Depu-
ties alfo to the Courtj that the Town of Uf\ fnould do the like ,
with inftrudions conformable to thofe of the Sevems ; which ac-
cordingly they performed, choollng Caftam for NifineSiani Vigtii'
er^ Goiidin.,zn^ Beijleau^ for llfe-^.
The Duke of Rohan fcein^jthat he was excluded out of the
Towns 0^ Nifmes, llfe\, and ^/f^5 convoques an Aflembly of
the Scvenes , az-^n-ddxCi the moft numerous he could, where
yet there were many wanting 3 from many of the Churches, efpe-
cially of the Co//o^/^^ oi Saint Germaine ^ where the Marquefs ^^i"
Fortes mainly oppofcd him y and after he was declared General
of that Countryjhe fent Caillou^ Du Cros, P/i-yredon, and Vagefy^Dc
puties to the Court.
While thefe things were In agitation, the MirlhalTfe^»«i«?i"
brought four thoufand Foot , fix hundred Horfe, and Canon too,
and with them a great terrour alfo upon the Countries o£ Laicra-
glials y and Albigegjs ', whereofthe Duke being advcrtiled byre-
doubled meffages , he fends back the Marquefs of Luftgnan. , with
all the Forces he had brought with him, and with all diligence
haftens his levies of 5'ould4ers J to be commaniled by Freron,
H5 Sai^ki
70 2 The LMemolres of the ^uke <?/ Rohan. Book IlL
Saint Blan-cart 5 arxd Valcfcure , in which his endeavours mcc
Vv'jrhfuch unhappy traverfes, that inflead of fourthoufand menj
which was the number he aimed at , he could mufler but half the
r.umber : Whiles thefe men were raifing, he Tent his Scouts to-
wards Semmicres , rcfolving to attempt it with feven or eight hun-
dred cosimonSouldlers , upon this fuppofition 5 that Valance
Vv'ould not run the hazard of drawing our of his Garifon, to re-
lieve it , that it would be a means to make Ni fines publickly de-
clare for him ; and that if he could have but twice four and twen-
ty houres time , the whole Countrey would come in to him y and
raifc him to a condition able to force theCaftlc : Bur, as it i$a
d.inu<icrosthing to prefurae onthe defcds of others , inftcad of
i;:;l\ingcnainins own fire ngth ■) the event clearly delud:d his
preconceptions; For though he had taken the Town , Ni fines'
would not ftirre to hs aiTiftance 5 nor could he get relief from the
-Si'ven.?s ilmt enough ; Valence at the fame time fent twelve hun- ,
dredmen, but of hisGarifonj to relieve the Caftlc 5 who from
three of the Clock In the afternoon 5 till night, fought with Saint
Blanc ar t ^ who had lodged himfelf, with three hundred men on-
ly, in a place of fuch advantage , that he could be no vvay for-
ced, nor yet could he hinder the entry of the relief into the Ca-
ftlc , by reafonof the (JXtream largnefs of theadvenue: Which
the Duke perceiving called off 54i;^* Blancvn'mto the Town; re-
folvinp;, that night, to draw off with the whole party alfo , w hich
he did? carrying with him his wounded men ; and among others
F/r/a^, who was wounded with a Mufquet fhot in the knee, of
li/hich he afterwards dyed: Saint Blanca,t in this confiIft,whcn the
relief enrer'd the Caftlejlod three Capraines, andfome other Of-
ficers.
After this, the Duke thought on nothing more, than haftnin«y
his Levies, that hemightbe in a condition to relieve the higher
L'tiignechc ; and taklnt^ order that his affairs in the Sevenes
mio;ht not be prejudicccK inhisabfence ; to prevent which, he left
a Committee of the Aflembly, to direct the management of themj
in which he engaged all that had any intereft in the places o£
greareft conreo,ucnce3and left Chavagnac his Field Marfhal to com-'
niand all the Souldiery in that Countrey.
While thcfe things were in agitation in the Sevenes , and
the lower Langiudoc , the Marfhal I^f^^i^fi- drew near to Caflres
&o pluuder , and fpoyle the Countrey 3 which put the Council the
Duke bed lef: there , in fuch a ccnfufion and feare , that they'
d.-rrt not give order for any thing ar all , but left the whole bur-'
then i:pcn the Durchefsof Kohan , who contrary to the natural
andmcis tender difpofitlon of her Sex 3 {hewed fo much care
■i ■ ■ ag4.
■ ■■'A
Booklll. The CMemolres eftheBnke of Rohan^ 105
and refolution in all things, that , every one deriving courage
from her example > the Marfhal received feveral loflfesjbelngwor"
fted in every skirmifh before the Town; where Nongarede zn old
Gentleman of the Country got much honour.
In the mean while the Marquefs of Lufignan. marches towards
Caflres , with thofe Forces the Duke had oiven him to conduft
thither; which when the Marfhal had intelligence of, he drew
ofFh is Cavalry , and part of his Infantry , to fight him; whom
he found lodge4 in Croifette , a Village two Leagues diftant from
Cafires , where he flormed him , but found him fo well Barrica-
doM 5 and refolutc apon his defence 3 that after a furious aflaulr,
he was faine to retire with much lofs, many of his men being flaia
and wounded ; which when he had done, the Marquefs of Lfcfig^
nan retreated as farre as Braffnc , and the next day , taking ano-
ther way 5 maiched with all his Troops into Calires , at noon day.
Drums beating, and Colours flying, and without any oppolitioa
at all . This renfort, with fome skirmifhes that paCfed to the Mar-
shal's dlfadvantage, made him, feeing he could do no further
mifchief to the Town , rcfolve to retire to Saint Paul , and U
Miatte , which were fufficiently manned: Neverthelefs Saint
Paul made no rcfiftance at all) but was taken in the open day with-
out any battery raifei, or fiege formed,and the Souldiers all march-
ed off roZ'^ Mi ^/^^f, which chey yielded alfo upon compofition noc
to bear arms for fix months.
This was the only check the M3LY(h3.\ Thsm'?ies y by chance ,
gave us in Lauraguals , and Albigi^ois , where , when he had fi-
red the aforefaid places 5 he made as if he would befiege Keal-
mom, Btttunderflanding that the Duke of Kohan was corne hi-
ther with above two thoufand men , which he brought from the
Sevenes 3 whofe pafTage at Larfac , \whQrQ he had defigned to
fight him, fince he could not prevent; he draws offall bis horfe
and foot , marches up almoft to Carres , firing all as he went ,
pafles by BraJJ'ac , endeavouring to gain a commodious field for
his Cavalry , between Cmve and l^sMe : But Roh.in , having
intelligence of it, makes fuch haftc , that by incelTant marches
iaight and day , he got to KMZie , before the other could he on his
way thither ; from whence he fent the Regiment of Valefcure to,
Cauve, and his own guards, and the Captain Dupuy with his Cara-
bines ( for that his foot ,was fo tired they could not march ) to,
Brajfac,
The Marlhal having now loft all hopes of preventing the Duke^
and taking 2 ajfac , goes forward, burning fome Villages in his
march, and comes with his whole ftrcngth , both of Horfe , and
Foot, in fight of K?a»e , where having drawn them up in Battai-
H 4 lia>
104 T^^^^ Memoir cs of the Buki <?/Rohan'. Book.lIL
lia, and feeing that the Suburbs of Viane , called VeirefcgadCy
which lies at the bottome of the Town ? and is divided from it, by
the height ofthe hill J was nor at all fortified j falls mto it with
all his Forces, takes, and fires it, and then retires to his Qijiarters :
In this aflault there was one Captain flainjanother takcn,and about
five and twenty,or thirty Souldiets killed and vjoundcd,Sa'mtBlan.m
cart alfo had a light hurt 5 and'the fouldiers that were in the Sub^
urbs drew up to the Town.
TheDutchefs of R()''?J/i, who by fcveral meflengers had fcnt
to informe the Duke, ofthe Marfl-iai's defign to flop his paflage >
braits nothing; on her part , but fends to all the Garifotis , appoin-
ting them a K.cnde:zivcu'z, ztBrajfaCj which the Duke having no-
tice of, he departs that evening? and comes to Brajfac -, where
finding fifteen hundicd Foot , and two hundred Horfe * he re-
folycs> the next night to fend out to difcover the psllure of the
Marfhal's Army, which lay at Efperan.ce between Brajfac and
Viane, and according to the intelligence he (hould receive to fall
into his Quarters the night following , with all his Troops, Saint
tlancart by the way of K/^»f? , and he himfelf by the way of
Brajfac. The difcovery made, andthe Scours returning with in-
telligence that the Army lay there in great diforder 3 and in a
place of great difadvantage to the Horfe? the defign to beat it
up was cencluded on , but the very day preceding the night it was
to be put in execution , either upon notice given him , or that he
forcfaw their intentions , or that provifions failed him , he quit-
ted thofe Quarters, and taking his way towards Krt/'?^, went to
lodge at Lti Blcheme : The Duke alio rallyes all his Forces? and"
marches towards Oc'/er/f, and Koqii-e-combe, from whence he fent.
five or fix hundred men \iiX.oR(nlinon.t y and then divides all his
Troops about Cafires , to obferve the poftureof the enemy , who
when ^ey had refrclhcd themfelves for fome dayes about Lau^
trcey march towards Lavaurd and there prepare for a march
into Tqix : The Duke goc:s into Lr.urag/tais , purs fome men in-
to BriteflCy fends the Rregimentof F/f/o« to Kevcl and Sourire,
•a-nd that 0^ Mont lk\ and f^alefai e , 10 Renlmont, andasfoonas
he faw that the enemy fleered his ceurfe towards Foix , he corn-
minded S.iint Bian-carty who was then at P/t^ylanrcn-s , thither with
five hundred chofcn men.
Lufi'gnan , in the mean time? being informed that the Regi-
ment of Ufcwe had taken up their Quarters in the Suburbs of
TeiUet , goes inflantly to bent them up j breaks through their
Barricade's , kills? and w ounds about an hundred , takes one Cap-
talnc , and forces the refl to flie for flielrer to the Fort 3 but had
liecomcby nigl.r^ as he 4id by day, not one of them had efca-
'*"'■ • ^ '■ ■ • ' ' ■ pcd^
Book IIL TheMewoiresoftheDnkjofRob^n, 105
pedj for there was a very great difTentlGn between Grandvai ^
who commanded the Fort , and Lffdfre , to whora he would ne-
ver have opened his Gates ip the night time ; which was the
reafonthat induced Lujigyian to this attempt , in which J^alef-
cure, ^nd Montlw^y two Colonels were wounded? but not much:
After this the Duke of Roha?i. returns to Ca^res^ whither he com-
mands Liifigmn alfoj rallies what Forces he had, takes with
him one piece of Canon 3 and Marches towards Rcalmont , both
to give the enemy a diverfion , apd to enrich his Army with
Booty.
The firft place he fell upon was Sicurac , which endured five
and twenty 5 or thirty Canon fhot , but after he had fired the
Town through the breach, they were faine to yield. This march
of his made the whole Countrey look about them j The Duke of
Ventadaur got together about two hundred Horfe , and two thou-
fandFootj The Marfhal T^ewmfi- alfo hies thither, with all his
Horfe, and the Regiment of 'Normandy j but both the one , and
the others being informed that the place was taken, went back
again ; and the Duke continues his courfc towards the Mountain
o^ JlbigcoU undRouergue, leaving his great Canon at Realmonty
and taking with him only two little field pieces, that carried a Ball
about the bignefs of an Orange.
Tho[& o( Foix in the interim? fent him word, that the In-
habitants of Caimom } Lesbordesy Samarac ^ andCameradeyW^ic
rcfolved to fire their own Townsj and retire, the former to iV^^-
%eres y the other to /^'^yV, for that they wanted Souldiers to de-
fend them J whereupon the Duke commanded thither Boifftere
Lieutenant Colonel of Treton's Regiment , with five hundred
men , many of whom, when they heard they were to go to ToiXy
forfook their colours , fo that he went with two hundred, and forty
only,who got very well thither.
And here we may not pafs over in filence a generous aftlon of
feven Souldiers of Fo'ix , who refolved , in a poor mudd walled
houfe called Chamtennet near Carlat , to wait for the Marfhal
Tbemin-es , and his whole Army , whom they there kept at a Bay
two whole dayes 5 and after they had , in feveral aflaults, killed
forty of his men , feeing their ammunition was fpent , and thac
he was drawing down his Canonupon them ; they confulted how
they might, the night following fave thercfelvcs ; to which end
one of them goes out to difcoyer how they might avoid the Courts
of Guard J which when he had done, and as he was returning >
the Centinel of the Houfe efpying him , and raking him for one
of the Enemy, fhot at him , and broke one of his Thighs 3 Ne-
yertbelefs he gave them an account of his difcovery , Siewsthem
the
I o^ The lM empires of the Dak^ <?/ Rohan. Book IIL
the way , and very it^ftantly urged them to make their efcape :
But his brorherj who was alio the man had wounded him , almoft
mad with ^rief 3 rcfolves not to leave him , and tells him , that
fince he had been the unhappy inftrument of his difafter , he
would be his companion in what fortune foever befell him : The
good nature of one of their Couzin Germains y moved him alfo
to a rcfolution of embracing their deftiny 5 fo the other four at
therequeft of thefe, and under favour of the night, after mutual
embraces, fave themfelv.s ; whiles thefe three? placing themfelves
at the door , charge their Mufquets 5 with patience expeft the
light, and then moft valiantly receive their enemies, of whom
when they had flain a good numberjthemfelves dyed freemen: The
name* of thefe poor Souldiers deferve a place in Hiftory,thcir afti-
on being not inferlour to the moft memorable. Antiquity can
boaft of.
But to return to the Duke o( Kohan, who marches along 'the
frontires of Koiierguey and takes a fmall Fort called Koqi^e Ci'T^ierey
inwhich heleftaGarrifonj the fame day he goes to another,
called />^ Bff/?/^f, which he found deferted, as alfo fomc others
which were pillagedjand burnt: From thence he goes to U Cative^
and in his way thence towards -^/iJ^/^j takes and burns fome other
fmall Forts ; and then makes a defcent into the Valley of Mtf':^^-
"vcly where he goes on firing more Forts, upas far as Saint Vons:
And as he would have continued this progrefTe, in revenge of
thofe places the Marihal of The?nines had fired in his abfence ;
he received incelligerice from Bretigny, Governour of Foix, and
fr«m Sa'mt BUftCtia alfo ; that the Marfhal iChemims , and the
Count de C^r^.ti//, Governour of the Province, had inverted ^q^?7,
with an Army of feven thoufand foot, fix hundred horfe, and
nine peece of Canon ; that there were in it feven
hundred fouldicrs, people of the fame Countreyj which they had
fent thither, under the command of Captain Carboii^, and Cap-
tain VaUette^hoih. experienced old fouldiers ; that they could not
conjefture, what would be the iiTue of the Siege, for that the
place was but weak, and the alTaults moft furious ; but yet was ic
ofthat confequencejthat i:it fhould mifcarry with thofe vvhich were
in itj there would not be men enough left to maintain the lower
Toix^ both by reafon of the weakneffe of Pamers , which would
require a very ftrongGarrifon, and alfo of the Intelligences the
enemy had in it : But if he could fpare them a recruit but of five
hundred Men , they would engage themfelves to keep
the lower Feix > and would do their uttermoft to prcferve
Th's
Book III. The CM.emolres of the Dtike of Roban.107
This Intelligence diverted rhe Duk'^s rcfolutions? who thereup-
on fent Liipgnaa with a party of Horfe and Foot , to convoy the
Canon back to C afire s , and thence to Kcalmon.t , while he him-
felt with the refidue of his Troops, with much difficulty convoys
fix hundred Souldicrsto Kevd^ where when they had {laid a day
to receive fome pay 5 he fent them under the command of Valej'^
cure into f oiA'jwho condutf^ed them very well thithcrs and then re-
turns to Caslres.
The difference between the Baron de Leran , and Eretigny >
much perplexed the Duke of Kohan ^ for that, being Maftcr o£
Carlat fwhichwasbut a League diftanc from J-\Uj it was in
his pewer either to promote, or impede its relief; Whereupon he
fent ViUemore and Orofe ^ Captaiss of his guards, to make him
ienfible of the injury he did himfelf , in obftruding the relief
of AtjI , by denying his Souldiers admittance into Carlat , com-
manding them withal , in cafe the Baron would not fubnnit to rea-
fon 5 publickly to declare to the people of Carlat the caufc of their
coming 5 which they fohandfomely ordered, that he was com^
pelled by the Inhabitants to yield to the Duke's commands , and
to receive whatever Souldiers fhould at any time be lent ^hither, by
his order,which proved no fmall advantage to A'^il^^ivi'i indeed was
the only caufe of itsprefervation.
While things were thus carried on in To'ix ^ the Duke d* E-
^ernon. ^ with fifteen hundred Horfe 5 and four thoufand Foot?
advances towards Montauban. to ravage the Coumrey therea-
bouts 5 andSo^&i^c, to divert him, makes a defcent into MedoCy
where he took feme Garifons : But underftanding that VLantz >
with the Admiral of Zealand , named HMlthi , were coming a-
gainft him with forty good Ships of War, he re-imbarques,meets,
iio;hts, and defeats them,finks five of their Shipsjof which the Vice-
Admital o[ Zealand y/as one,and kills them more than fifteen hun-
dred men.
The news of this defeat, made them change their note ac
Court , arid whereas before they protrafted the Treaty in expe-
ctation of the iffue of this fight, now, feeing it proved to their
difadvantage, they conclude ix , and fend Deputies co the Kochcl-
lers y to receive their acceptance of jc ; JEora'm alfo goes to
them from the Duke of Kohan , who, confidering the indifpofi-
tion of the King of £«g/^a<^, and the Prince of Orange , towards
their party , "advifcd them to accept of that peace their Naval
Viftory had purchafed them ; to which So^^i^ff adds his perfwafi-
onsalfo y but the Kochellers very indifcreet in that particular, and
according to the humour of people as infolent in profperity,as deje-
fted in adverfityjiefufe co hearken to it,without a prefent demoliti-
on of the Fort. \ j^
Io8 The Memoires of the Dnke of Rohzn. Book IITJ
In the mean time the King takes great care fpeedily to repair
his Fleet, and obtains of the Kingof£«^/^;j^ feven great Ships ;
So that the delayes the Rochellers ufed in concluding the Treaty
of peace , gave their enemies opportunity to corrupt fome ot the
Captains of 5'<?«l7?\(? his Fleet, and among others, his Vice- Ad-
miral Fo\an : At the fame time alfo the Duke of Montmorency
refolves upon a defcent into the Ifle of Re , and to make an at-
tempt upon Soii.bi%e his F leet which lay in the Fofs de I' OyCyZ Road
joyn'mgto thcTown of Saim Martin aeRSi a rafh and fenfelefs
enterprize in appearance , which yet treachery made feifiiblej and
purchafed it afar different Charader.
Then came Mi //m>e and Madiane to Rschette ^ with the
Articles of peace agreed on at Vo^tdriblem ; but it was then,
fcvhen Soiibl:^e , who was in the Ifle of Ke, fent them word thence,
that the King's Navy were fayling towards him, and that with
all fpeed they (hould tranfporc themfelves into the Ifland ; At
firfl, every one laughed at this Meffage , nay , and there were
^omt'mKochelle offered to lay great wagers, that the Englifh
.andD/i^tch S'lipswere called o(F again : Soiibi^e reiterates his
Mcflages , and for the laft time fummons them to his affiflance :
There were then in K^chclle eight hundred Gentlemen well moun-
ted, and about eight or nine hundred Souldiers, of So/^&i?/ his,
Army, with the greateft part of his Officers > and amon^ others
the Counts ©f LavM, and Loadrierc: Upon this lafl fummons
they ail make ready to imbirque j but the Maior diverted them ,
perfWadini; them that they were b-cter to exped t.\\z mornino-,
than run the hazard of the evening Tide ., and fo made them lofe
all opportunity to tranfport themfelves j For the n:xt morning
appeared thirteen of the King's great Ships in the Road, whicS
prevented their pafluige over : SqiMtj feeing himfelf thus aban-
doned 5 lands all his Foot, which were not above fifteen hun-
dred Souldiers , leaving only an hundred in his great fhip called
the Virgin. ; coinminds his Admiral Gaitoi, , and his Vice-Ad-
miral Fo^an-, not to lUrre out of the Road, where they were fe-
curc , but there to wait his fuidier Orders 5 And then divides his
Army into three Squadrons , to fecure thofe three places, which
he conceivedmofl obnoxious to dinger , and where he thought ic
moft probable that the enemies fhouid attempt to land : But ,
notwithftandingallhis care, he could not difpatch time enough ,
before Toiras had landed three thoufand Foot, and fifteen hundred
Horfe; whereupon he refolved to draw all his men into a body,
and fight him the next day , which accordingly he did : At the
iirftonfet he routed the Avantguard , and fl^w about three or
fourcfcoreofthe moil forward of them 5 bat being relieved by
chs
Book Hi. The Mmoires of the 7>fike <?/ Rohan^ tof
the main body j Bellesbat who commanded Soubi^e his lefc wino->
inftead of feconding him, faced about, and plunged himfelfjand
the whole party he commanded in the Maifiies : This much en-
couraged the Enemy, who now opprcfl'ed Soiibi'xc on all fides,
whofe Major General Verga-Malague, and fome of his Captains
being flain , the reft fled in fuch confufion , that all the Art and
Induftry of Soubi^e could not rally them againe 5 who yet that
day 5 even by the confefTion of his enemies , juftly purchafed the
reputation of a worthy Commander , and valiant Souldier. The
remainder of his Troops he drew off to Saint Martin, de 'Re^
where he made account to tranfport them againe to his fhips, and
once more try hisfortunc in a battaile at Sea ; But there he
found J fo great a terrour had polieflfed Guiton , that contrary to
his exprefs command , he had turned out the hundred Souldiers
left in the Virgin 5 and that To'Kan. , with fome Captains , com-
bined in the fame confpiracy with him , to intimidate the refl y
had runne aground the bcft fhips , and that the reft 5 feeing
ihemfelvcs thus betrayed , and abandoned 5 ftiifted every one >
the beft he could , for himfclf 5 all but the Virgin , in which
there were only five Men left, but very refolute, who feeing fouf;
of the King's ftiips making towards them 5 refolved to ftand it cue
againft all extremities: The enemy came up to, grappled with>
and boorded them , whereupon the Matter? whofe name was Du-
rand, leaps into the powder with a lighted match? and blows up all
the five Ships togetherjin which there perifhed fcven hundred thir-
ty fix men.
In this accident there was one thing very remarkable, con-
cerning one Chaligny 3. Gernkmano^ Fo':6ioiii andhisfon, who
were two of the five left in the Ship .' The father , before the fi-
ring of the Magazine , being wounded, and difabled to fave him-
felf by fwimming , commanded his fon to fliift for himfelf, who,
with much rcluftancy, at length obeyed him j but the good man>
being in the proteftion of God , was as well preferred , as
his Sonne 5 for being, by the force of the Powder, carried ud
iiito the aire , he chanced to fall into a Shallcup of the eneniies>
without receiving any further harm at allj and was afterwards ran-
fomed.
Soiihi^e finding his affairs in fo broken a condition , leaves his
Major General Le Fare d* Arclnat , at Saint Martin d' Rf,
and in a Shalloup getstothe Ifle of Olercn , vvhe,re he provides
the beft he could fortheprefeivation of it, leaving five hundred
men in the Fort , which he furniihed with all neceflaries, and
then, with fe Ten of his fhipi;, which had retired thiiher , fees
out to fca , and out cf the reliques cf his lace Fleet , gets together
i lo TheLMemoires o!^the Dake <?/ Rohan. Book III,
two and twenty Ships, with which he palfes into £»g^*a;z^ to re-
pair theui: After which, U 'Pare d' Archiat, made an honou-
rable compofition , which was alfo well obferved , and drew ofF
all his men from the I fle of Kd to KocheUe 5 But thofc that
SouhiT^e left in the Ifle of Old on. yielded themfclves bafely, a
thing not unufual after fuch routs ; for it is not given to all men ,
to have their courages of an equal temper in adver/ity aod pro-
fperity.
This fatal accident did not fo much dejcd the fpirirs of the
Kochellersy as it elevated theirs at Court : Vorvfhen Mi lletiete
and M^dime , returned thither v/ith the Kochellcrs acceptance oi
the peace , they would not endure any further mention of it j but
to break them by a divifion^ continued their old project of gran-
ting a peace to the higher and lower LMgiiedoc ^excluding Kocbelky
and Soubi'^^e.
While thefe things thus pafied in thofe parts, they of ^^1/
held out beyond the expedation of ihcir friends,and the hopes of
their enemies that befiegcd them, who from a battery of Nine
Guns fent them in three thoufand fliot , and made three indif-
ferent large breaches ; But the enemy preparing to give them a
general, and furious ftorme , Bretigny , and Sai?tt Blancart, who
had {everal times relieved tKcm , reiolved, now at this laft pufh ,
to Rack all their powers for them ; The conduft of this relief was
undertaken by Svnt Blancart , who got in to them with three
tundred and fifty men, forcing, inhis pafT^ge, a Court of guard
which kept a Bridge , with the lofs of one man only : The arri-
val of this renfort filencedall dlfputes, amongth^ be/iegcd, con-
cerning the command , which before had occafioned fome divi-
iions among them 5 but all acknowledging Saint Bla?i.ca;t for
their Supcriour , he fo well ordered all things , that after the ex-
pence of eighteen hundred Canon Bullets within the (pace ofthree
dayes,th£Mar£halT^i'»2^'^^<?i"gavc them a fierce alFault with his whole
Army, commanding alfo five hundred PCeformado's todifmounr>
and ferve on Foot ( there being many hundreds of people that
had placed themfelvss on the tops of Mountains to behold this
fight;) Thrice was he repulf ed with the lofs of above five hun-
dred men 5 Within the Town the Captain Vallette who comman-
ded at one of the breaches was there flalne , fome other Officers
too, tlie bclicged lofi, together with feventy or eighty Soiildiers
fliine and wounded : But above ail, either friends or enemies.
Saint BLmcari there Renowned himfelf, both by his prudent care
and vigilance in repairing the breaches, and his Valour in defen-
ding them, bein«; alwayes ready in perfon at all p'aces of grea-
t;;(i: danger s in this adion furpafilng even himfclf: The Mar-
flui
Book III. The Memokes of the Vnkeef t.o\i^r\. Hi
ihal now thinks of nothing ? but how to draw oflF his Canon 5
in which having fpent two whole nights , and many of his
Souldicrs , which he loft in the Attempt j he drew c^
with the Fragments of his ihattercd Army towards Laura-
guais.
This fmall fuccefs , together with the efFed the Duke of Ro^
hanh continual follicicatioBS wrought upon the people oi NifmeSy
inducing them to declare for his party, relevatcd his affairs out
of the drooping condition they were in : Some of our Deputies
then attending the Court, were about the fame time fent to the
Communalties to procure their acceptance of the peace 5 exclu-
ding ^^^-^^//^ and SoHbi\e , which many ill affeded zealoufly
promoted 5 efpeciallyat Cafiresy where they had refolved to al'
fent to it upon thofc terms ; But Rohan arriving there in the
nick 5 and urging theii' former refolutions to the contrary , made
them alter their intemions, and then Tummoncd an Aflemblyac
MiUaiid J where the Towns of N'fmes and Ptfc^^ appeared by their
Deputies? and all unanimoufly made an Ad of acceptance joyntiy
with Smhi'T^ and VcQchelleyznd. fent it to the Court.
The Duke who feverai times had experience of their endea-
vours to furprize him , under pretence of Treating, Itops not
there 5 but goes to Nipnes , and Ufe\-, where he was received
with great acclamations of joy j and having confirmed his Party
mAleiT^, by fending thither Marmeyrac , a Gentleman of the
Country? to head them upon occafion , departs one night from
Nipnes , and comes the next morning , by ten of the Clock , to
j^letT;^ , where at firft he found the gates fliut againfl: hira , but
the induftry and diligence of Marmcyrac quickly got them open,
fo that now there was not anyplace in the lowci Langiie doc y or
the Sevenes , that had not declared for the Duke of Kohan , who
convened an AlTembly of the Sevenes at ^let\y both to alTure
himfelfof theTov^n, andalfoofthe Co/7o^//^ cf Saint Gs'ima'm,
which the continual foUicitations of the Marquefs de Fortes ,
and his faftion, had ftill kept off from him 5 which obliged the
Duke, in the interim? before the meeting of the Afl'embly, to
make a ftep thither , where his prefence was of great ufc, both to
procure Deputations for the AfTembly, and the conjunftioaot that
Colioqae with the others.
At the beginning of the Affembly the Dutchefs of Koha'/i di-
fpatchcd V'lUette to the Duke her Husband , with jntelligence ,
that, upon the afiurance many Corrmunalties had given cf their
readinefs to accept of the offered peace, vv'ith the exclufion of Sou-
bi'^e and Kochelle ^ the Court party ftiffely pejiiflcdin their for-
ilfitr rtfoUuicns 5 net to admit of any ether? an<i had feat back
forne
112 The tMemoires of the Duke i?/ Rohin. Book Ilfi
foiiie of their Deputies to declare their adherence to them j aud
that therefore it would concern him , to have a vigilant eye up-
oxi their adions ; This mefl'age had a finifter fence put upon it >
and the Marquefs of Mofitbrm , who a few dayes before came to
Wfmes J on purpofe to infinuate himfelf into the affedions of the
people, found lio better expedient toeffcdit, than vailing his
intentions with a pretence of much zeal to the Religion , hy for-
ging fcandalous accufatlons againfi: the Duke of Kohan j which
v/hcnhe had notice of 5 and chat T)u. Cros was come with the
final determination oftheCourtj not to grant any peace 5 buc
with theexclufionof S^/^/^i^^j andRock^^j he teok him with
him to Ni fines y convoqued a fecond AfTembly azMilUud , and
caufed Ni fines , and llfi\i in his prefence 5 to nominate their
Deputies , and refolve in no wife to defert Soubi^e and Kpohelle ;
from thence he went to Vigan , where he alfo caufed De-
puties 3 of the like refolution with thofe of Nifmes and Ufeo^^ to be
chofen for all the Sevenes 5 and with them ail proceed together t»
Millaud,
While he was thus bufied about thefe affairs 5 he receives
news of Sokbi^e from the Dutchefs of Kohan, which affured him,
that, within three months, the King of £«g/^«rf would fend a vc- \
ry confiderablc relief to Kochelle , defired him to make it known
to the party, an^d to order things fo, that they defert him not.
When he came wMillau-d, he underftood that the higher Lan-
guedoc had determined to accept of the peace , excluding Soit"
ti\e and Kocbeile , and that, had not the prefence of Ltifigyian ,
and S^'mt Blancart , as they returned from IPo'ix with the Troops
oftheS?t'^»^i", very opportunely prevented it, they had fent
their acceptance to the Courti This intelligence made the Duke
carry on the Aflembly as far asCa(ircs, where when he had af-
fembled the Province anew , and received the refolutions of thofc
of MonUiiban y to the fame effcd with thofe of the Provinces of
^izlowti Langnedoc y and theS?t'«ifJ, he inforced the former
to retrad their late :mentions,and to confirm the other Ad of ac-
ceptance , including Sp/^l'i^e and KochcUe: But to efFed this,
he was obliged to fome extremities , fecuring the perfons of itWQn.
or eight of the moft eminent Citizens , whom he difperfcd into
divers places of Komgae-i and the Mountain of -^/^i^eo/^ 5 pub-
iitliinga Declaration of what hehaddont, as alfo the reafons j
iuovjnghlm chereunro , together with the Deciees of the faid b
iVovinccs , which were approved by all , except the Town oiVity- •
.'aurensy who refolv^d to ftand upon their Guards, and not to open |i
their gatCi to any of either fide 5 protefVing notwithftanding thac i
thcv wouu'i net djf-u nice from the part}' of the Religion,
!lVhcn
Book III. The (Jllemoires of the Duke cf Rohan. 1 1 3
When their affairs were biought to this pafs, the Deputie§
v/ere fenrba.ckto the Court with the final deteimination of the
Provinces not to abandon Rocbdle : And a few dayes after their
departure, arrives a Mcffenger from f-^izarct\i u ho informed the
Duke, that B,-ifo?i had taken VoufMi and fome other places of
iefs impoitance, and that all Vivarct\ had declared for his party,
and did befeech himtoadvow the takini^of thofe places, and to
confer the Government of FgufiTi^ and the whole Province upon
Erifiifiy which he condefcendcd to.
Not long afters the Dutchefi of Rohan fends the Vifcount
KouffiUe to her husbandjwith imelligence that the Earle of 'Hoi-
hnd) and Sir — Carlcton. extraordinary AmbaQadors from ^ng^
ivid , and Arfcis extraordinary Ambaifadour from the States
of Holland^ were arrived at Court to folkcite the King to fign the
League, and make us accept the peace, which flis believed was al-
ready well advanced, and that Ihe de{ired,.if polfibiej to hear
from him before it were concluded ; to which the Dukc^ replied by
the fame Mcifenger, that above all things the Deputies fliould en-
deavour to preferve from demolition, the fortifications of Voiijin ;
that that being obtained) and the KocbelUrs contented, the Com-
munalties where he was, would refl very well fatisfied: But be-
fidjs the aforcfaid Ambafladoursj thofe of Venice and Savoy, in
iliort, all that were incerefied in the Leagues out of the hopes the
King would fign it, interpofed their mediation alfo, to haften the
peace j which the Ambaffadours of Erighn-d by a Deed in wri-
ting? in the name of the King their Mailer , became luretics for
the entire obfcrvatlon of j againft which the Deputies of the
Ccmmunalties having no:hing to objcifl, the peace was accepted
by them , on the fifth day of February, eight dayes before the re--
nun of the Vifcount Koajjille.
Whil'ft the Duke was buficd in compofing the diforders of the
higher Lmgiiedac, he was alarmed by reiterated meflages, thac
Uifmes, unlefs his fudden prefence prevented it, v.ouldbe certain-
ly loft, by rcafon of the divifions happened fince the arrival of
theMarquefs of Monthrun.^ and his brothers there ; who with ma -
nyArtifices,and great diligence, had gained the populacy to them,
andbyfedicions, and tumults, attempted to ingrols the power of
the whole Country,which the moft eminent of the Nobility with,-
ftood, fo that the matter was now conae to a formal quarrel? which,
butby his prefence, was not appeafable 5 this made him ha^Jen
his in^ruftions for the higher hangi^edoc, where he leaves the
T^iT(\\xQ^s o^ L'ifign..in, with four companies of ftrangers, whon^
heq-jartered in Cifire^, and then pofts away to N[fm:s 3 where ac ■
hijarn?al;,.hejn»tfi:.ft of all with the Baron £>' ^ .'^^/j? whonv-
.J
^ 1 1 4 The Memoir es of the Dnke of Rohan. Book III.
^t lower Languedoc had deputed to the Court j and afterwards
xivich Montm^rtmy the Deputy Generalj who brought with thtm
(their laie ac^ptation of the peace? and were now come to have it
ratified 5 Ma'mald the ether Deputy General, D/^ C^??/^^/, and
Mailleray were fenc to KockcUe, Novillan x.o Mon.ta.uban y an4
Madiane to the higher Lauguedoc. l^onttnait'in follicifes the
Duke of Kohan to ratifie it at JSTz/w y, but by no means would he
confent to any particular ratification ; but furamcned an AfTembly
to be held at Niffnes, in which the Act of acceptance fhould with
a gtaeral confent be confirmed on the fifteenth day of March fol-
lowing ; deferring it to a longer term, that he might in the mean
time hear from KochiUc^ in which ititerval, iVfo;i.';92^/t/?z goes tcJ
t'le higher L^/Zgwe^of, to haften the Deputies of that Province to
appear at the time appointed : But he found' that at Montauhan
thepeace was already accepted, and that, without expeding the
Convocations all the higher Lang/iedoc had alfo ratified it, fend-
ing their Deputies thither for forme only. The day before ihcj
Seflion of the AfTembly, the Duke was informed of the Ko'MUcrg
confirmation of it alfo 3 fo that there remaining only the lower
LaftgnedoCjznd the Sevencs to do the like, the AfTembly drew upa~
general Ad of Ratification? which Mmtm.ivt'm and Aubtis v\itH
- the Deputies of the Duke of Eoh^ii. carried to the Court ; in thi^
ad: only the Province of V/varet\ was not compr z;d, for that
then thcymuft: furrender 'Poiifri. y which our Deputies could not
prefcrve? becaufc they had no Commifllon to make any demands'
concerning it before the peace was concluded j which was occafio-'
ned by the negligence of the Deputy of that Province, that gave
not notice eg the taking of ?oufin , till mnny dayes after the" de-
parture of Our Deputies towards the Court.
■ Thus wao our, peace concluded, where we muft obferve, that
the King,out of fear of the fupplics the Duke of SoubiTe had pro-
rured in En-gljndy taking occafion from^ and making very good
ufe of the difcontents of the Englifh AmbaflTadours , fent Botrii
Jjito England^ vvho fo well managed all? that during h"s EmbafTy,
which laftcd but three weeks, he obtained a Kcmoy of newAm-
bafladours thence to FfUficey ro conclude all things concerning
the League, upon condition they fhould enforce the Deputies of
the Religion to ajcept a peace, upon very ambiguous and uncer-
tain terms, cfpecially for the Town of jKtftfef/if^; who. In r£gar4
ihc^had no hopes of any coniiderable relief from any other party
were of necefllty obliged to be fubmiffive to them.TheDeputies al-
fo of the particular Provinces^ to fhew that ihey of the Religion
prcferd the advancement of the grand defign of the League be-
f«rc their own fecurity^ and to remove out of the way the pretence
Booklir. TheLMemomioftheDtikef^ohm. il^
of the Kings Counfel for not fignin? it, while the War continued
in France, did. the like : But fo refolutewas the demeanour of rhc
Dutchefs of Ro/:>.7« towards the English A mbafTadours, and the
Cardinal %ichei:cu, to whom he protefted, that unlefs t!ie Ambaf-
fadours interpofed in itsnothing (hould be concluded, that^aftcr flic:
had neatlv broken a particular Treaty of the Kochellcrs, carried
on by their Deputies, whom the Court-party, and the Duke of
Trimoiiillc had drawn over to them, flie prevailed fo far upon them
all, that contrary to their former rcfolutionsjthey interefled them-
fclvesin it. Thisfheker'd her from the malice of her enemies,
and the Deputies from any blame that might be imputed to thcni
from their Communalties, and alfo obliged the King of En-gLrad^
feeing that the peace was accepted by his advice? to fee it faithful-
ly obferved, to which his Ambarfadours more ftridly bound them-
felvesby a formal Deed, fioned, and fealed with their own Armsj
fo that the conclufion of our peace was an univerfal joy both to the
Court, and all Forraign Ambafladours there refiding ; but fifcce:!
dayes after, when contrary to the folemn proteflarions made to
them concerning that particular, they faw alfo this Treaty in the
Valtoline was concluded by the KiDg,&the King oiSpitlnith^y were
clouded with no lefsdifcontenc ; efpecially the Englifh, when they
perceived, that betrayed by delufory hopes,they had been made the
icftruments, to oblige us to accept a peace fo much to ourdifad-
;yantage.
Thus did the French, in coufening the Engliili , and all the
Princes interefled in the League, deceive themfelves alfo, having;
done nothng in this affair, that tended not to the advantage o't
5/>^i/2, the oppreflion of the Allies of the Clovvd, and the great
detriment of France itfelf.
This is an account of the paflagei inthc fecondWar; in the
prpgrefs of whicli Rohan, and Soubi^e were oppofed by all tlic
Grandees, cTen of the fame Religion, whom either too much en-
vy, or too little zeal, had aliened from their party, by all the Offt-
cersof theCrovvn5andagreat partof the moft eminent of ev.ry
Town? whom their own covetoufnefs,and the allurements of the
CQurtshad blinded j as for the Forraign Nations, the Engiij}} and
BoU^ndeYS contributed their Ships, and Germany it felf flood in
need of the afliflancc of others ; fo that it is no great wonder if a
better peace could not be obtained ; but yet was it much more ad -
yantageous than the former, forafmuch as thofc of theReligioa
prefervM their Fortificatlons,and got the King oiEtiglaitds cautioa
for the performance of it; God will afllfl us more powerfu!ly,whcn
fur entire convcrfion to him makes us more capable of his favour*
TH En-do^the third Boo^^ ■
' X a. The
\
f
THE
OF THE
DUKE o£ ROHAN
The fourth Book.
Comaimng a Relation of the third Wark agaihfi
thofe of the Reformed Religion in Fraace.
Frer the peace was thus accepted by thofe oi;'
j« the Religion, Br'ifon. only , who had ry^-:
I taken up Armes till towards the end of th-
War 3 feeing that a fubmiflion to the Trea-^
ty of peace would divefl him of Foufrn , a
place uponthe Khone ^ which , not Icr^^^;
I before , he had furprized , refufed to bi
^J| comprifed in it J encouraged thereunco by
the Conftable Lefdigiueres^ who after hit*,
jctuin out of piedmont , being Infome disfavour at Court;, and
unwilling to return thither > but catching at all employments hac
might colour his abode in his own Government , made verygord
life of this occafion , which he fo well improved , t-hic having;
jun out this affair forfonie months , he at length , i^ocured Bri'-
si8 The L^emotres of the 'jyukecf Kohzn, BooklY.
jOfi an ample Pardon ) and forty thoufand Crowns, in lieu of that
place, which was yielded up by him, and Sfterwardsjby the King's
command demoliihed.
This was the laft Aft of the Conftablc's life , which fud-
denly after the termination of this affaire , crowned with many
dayes and much honours he yielded up at K^tz/mc^ : He was ai/
Xientkman of Datfphine', v/ho by his valour, prudence, and good ^
fortune , having pafled through all the leffer charges of the War, .
had advanced himfelf to the highcfl : i^nd had not fo conftanc
and uninterrupted a courfe of profperity , effaced, towards his*
latter end , all fliame in himj fo that, he difhonoured God , by
his domeflickj and infamous debauches , fullylng his houfe
With Adulteries , and publique Incefls, he might havs jufrly
been parallels with the greattft Perfons, AntJijuity can boaft
of!
From this amicable compofure of our Intefline differences,
fprung faire hopes of the duration of our peace 5 which in a fhort
time alfo Withered ; For it was contrary to the intention of thofc
that aimed to raife their fortunes upon the ruinesof thefe of the
Religion; Amongft whom the Marquefs ^c Po/fe^ wasthemoft
-t'ioknc , who favoured by the command he had in the lower L m-
gM'doc 5 left no way unelfayed to force the people upon fome de-
fperatc courfe 5 of whom he cxafted contributions as in the time
of the War, though by the Articles of the Treatyjthcy were en-
tirely aboliihed : But this being not enough to provoke a people |
harrafl'ed with fo many and yet fmarting mifchiefs , and cove- I
tous to enjoy ttie fmall repofe they poflelTed ^ they fly to another
kivention ', which was to ground a jealoufic upon the Duke of
Rohan's flay at Nifhies , which many, out of a defire 3 either to
conferve an old ill paid penfion , or to purchafe a new one , fo-
mented with frequent calumnies , no week pafling without fome
new accufations exhibited againfl him , upon which, and the fa-
cility they propofed to themfelves cf expelling him the
Town , they refolve to make him the objeft of their malice, fur-
thering; their deiign by an occafion taken from the annual eledi-
ons of the Confuls for Ni fines, who are alwayes chofcn at the later
end ofthe ycaY.
Whiles they fo induftrioufly labour his ruine here > they arc
BOthing lefs remifs to procure it in the other Piovinces, and in-
deed over all France, y flriking at him by the National Synod, ap-
pointed to be held at Cafircs as a place mofl animated agaicfl the
Duke, for that during the lafl War, he had ufed forae feverity
towards feme perfons of quality in that Town, that would have
Neiaycd bi[R. Jhl^ij: Yi^ikaz Qommiffiovi^xC al^ncl , a per-
fon
tooklV. The ij^emolres oftheDnke of RohanI up '
fon without contradidlon of very great abilities, but with^^
-mercenary? and void of (hamc, orconfciencc, with inftrudions
to difapprovc the Duke of Rohan.*s lace engagement in arnies, t«
difadvo.v hisforraign Intelligcncesiandjifpofliblcjto get him ex-
communicated. - ,
The Duke fteing two fuch ftrong batteries raifcd againft him»
and threatning more danger than the War it felf? prepares to
tlefendhimfelf againfi: their violence : A nd forafmuch as that of
the Synod feemed tobe of greateitconfequence^ he endeavoured
to fecnrehimrelf againfl: it, by procuring, in feveral Provinces of
Fr.ziice , the election of fuch perfonsfor Deputies , .as were men
ot an inflexible integrity both to the Party and himfelf too, and
<ir«i'AS up a Declaration , remonftrating chiefly the juft caufc he
had to ufc fuch proceedings agalnft thofe he had formerly expel-
led the Town j for that he knew that to be the: principal crime
they had to charge him with in the Synod : And forafmuch as the
To.vn at a publick confukatlon had ordered their gates to be kept
ihuc agalnfthim, and that he feared the like ufage froratherato
^ny fliouldcomefrom himj he very privately made choice of an-
OLherMnlfter, in the room of hisown Chaplalne ? to commu-
nicate his Declaration to his friends > and to entreat Beanfort the
Deputy of the Scvenes to deliver his Letter, which he had writ-
ten to the Synod > with charge, that neither the one ,, nor the o-
ther fhould difccver themfelves , but when it might be very fea-,
fonable ; which happened well to him ; for they were prepared to.
rcfufe admittance to any that fhould coine from him j nay. Mar-'
mst his Chaplain , though he protefted , that he came only a--
bout an affair of particular concernment to himfelf) could not be
permitted any longer ftay there , than of four and twenty
hourcs.
On the fifteenth of September , In the year i 6 z 6,- Chauve
was choCcn Moderator , Bouteron'e AflTiflant, Blon-del Paftor? and
Petit an Advocate of >'//)^« Scribe. And now Galand beftirres
himfelf againfl: the Duke of Kofmn , whcfe enemies in C^^/fi- arc
XiQ lefs diligent in preparing the venome they had to poure out a-
gainft the Duke in the Synod, animated alfo* thereunto by the
Commlflioncr Galland : But all their dclTgnes vanifhed into air :
For the Deputies being before fiifficiently fatisfied with the rea-
fons moving the Duke to proceed againft them in that manner j>
made them not dare to prefent any bill againfl him to the Synod ;
who ncvcrthelefs could not conceale the difpleafure they had con-
ceived againft.ihofe of Casires ^ . with whom they difclaimcd a- •
ny future reconciliation 5 fo that they were now become a gene-
r;il abomination j and the only way toruineany affaire j was ro^.
1 4 ^ Q^S£
ilo The Memolfes of the Vnkc of Rohan'. Book IV.
offer it to Galdn.d's reccmpnendation ; And thus ended the Syncd,
v\hcrej by the Kings command, f[hat he might abridge thofe of
the Religion , of their liberty oi convening any Generall Af-
fcmbliesj were chofcn the D^^puties General :The fix nomina-
ted, were the Count <^t? A? 5«':;^f, the Marquefs o( Galerande. :Lt:d
Beaufort for the Nobility : and for the Commonalty, TexicTy
V^puy Deputy of Burgogn:,^ and B.i'^n 3 of whom GaUran.dc and
Ba'^n. were accepted.
This affair thi^s terminated, we muH; now reflcft upon the Con-
fulate of :}<ifmcs. The Prefidial, or Soveraign Court of the
Town 5 according to the humour of many Corp®racJons, not
brooking the Duke of^o'?^^/2 fo near them, joynedwith a Party
compofed of many perfcns of Note in the Town , whom the
Court fadion had invited, "and drawn over to them : But finding
themfelves yettooweakj by ordinary and Legal wayes, to pro-
mote to the Confulate Creatures of thcipjown , they refolvc to
engage the Royal power in it, and to cffe(fi it by wayes unrfual
and deftruftive to their own Privilcdges , and contrary to the
Articles of the late Peace. To which'end, they fend privately
to the Court, v\ here they obtain a Commifllon direfted to the
Chamber of Edi^fl in Langmdoc^ to go and order the faid E-
leftioncf theConfuls; and that nothing might be omitted to
forward their defi^n, the Duke of Montmorency is fent from the .
Court into his government) who palles by A^i/wfi", where he en-
courages thofe of his Fadion? which he flrengthens with the
neighbouring Nobility ; and thofe he could not win to his Party?
"he forces to abfent themfelves from the Town) till the bufinefs was
determined : And for as much as the Marquefs of Mof^tbrim to-
wards the latter end of the former war? had gained fome credit ,
among the P:pulacy, he wasalfo fent for cut of Dauphme -^ f6r
they hoped not only to make fuch Confuls as (hould be at their
devotions but upon the Dukes otpofing himfelf againft it, to
hale him out of tiie Town, dead or alive : Thefe things thus pre- >
paredj the day of Eledion comes 3 theMar^uefs of MonihrkK
alfo arrives at the tkne appoirjtcd, To ^0 Men fa c,!)^ Sue, and the
tw'o'Deans (or Scniour Coimfellors) of the Chamber, who were
rtominated Commjflioners for this affair ; who declaring their
charge 10 the Deputies of the Town, receive for anfwer, their
fixed refolutlons, to maintain the Privilcdges of the Town : The
Common-Council of wh)ch meet according to their accuftomed
niannerj in the morning to proceed to the faid Eleftion j whither
the Crmniiflionerss;oairo 3 but finding the doors of the Town^
fioufefiiut, are fain CO return to their lodgings, where they dc«
(?liire againft the prof ecdings of tire Coiiimon-Cc-uncilj and fend
about
Book iV. The MewaJres of the Dnkj of Rohm. jii
about the Town to aflemble the Inhabitants for a new Elcflion ;
ronie refufe to ftir, others go , but without any commotion in
the Town were obliged to retire again.
Now the new Confuls enter not into their Office, till a monetfei
after the Elcdicn ; fo that the Court had leafure to fend a Pro-
hibition to thofe that were ele6:ed, forbidding them to meddle
with the Office, and enjoyninS; the old ones to continue the ex-
ercife of it, till it were otherwifc ordered : notwithflanding which>
when the firfl day of the year was ccme, the Baron d' Aiibais^
Gcnoyer, Sag/ncr, and Fel/Jiere^ according to the ufual manner
took polfeflion of the Confulate j where we fliall leave them in
rcpofe? to look further back upon the affiirs , and view their
propenfity t)ncw imbroylmencs.
When the Peace was concluded in theyear i^i^j it was con-
ceived? tliat the Cardinal i^ic/^c/if^'s thoughts would be wholly
bent onforraign af^^airs, of which he gave feme fcmblant evi-
dence : The Prince oi Viedmo'fUi then at Court? was nominated
Leiutcnanc-General cf the Kings Armies for forraign Parts j tlien
hoped the Venetian Ambafladours, they fhould now fee Italy 'iKzzd
from the Spa?j.''fh opprefllon j the Engl-Jh that they wonid re-
cover the Valati'iate 'y and preparations were making (but in
words only) for all thefe d.ilgns; of the reality of which if any
one feemed to doubt? it was confirmed by a thoufand oaths : But
when a few dayes after the figning of the Peace Vv'ith thofe of the
Religion? unknown to all the Confederates, was figned alfo that
• of trance with Spain. -y then brake forth complaints and difcon-
tents of the one fide? feconded bycxcufes cf the other, every
one cafling the blame upon another? efpecially upon Targis Am-
balTadour in S'/'.'Z/^:? whofe Wife? as if he had exceeded the limits
of his CommifTion? was made to fue out his Pardcn.'bur thefe
pretences could not falve the diflempers of the Confederates in-
tereflcd in the League, which fom^fc cf them afterwards upon oc-
cafionsdiddifcover.
Thecaufeof this fudden and unexpefted peace? was attributed
to ad. fire the Cardinal had to live feme time in quiet? that hs
imj^ht the better fccure his own greatncfs , and that nothing
might obilruft his purfuit of the defign againfl Rochclle, where he
intended to do great matters; or elle to fonie Jcaloulic he had
conceived of a new party, toberaifed in JFr<2?iCf? under the com-
mand of the Duke A/J-ioh^ to ruin him; but whether it was the cne,on
the otherjor both together,certain'y the occaficn of thefe cnfuing
fadions? gave him fair coteursfor any defign.
The Queen Mother dcfirous to many the Duke o^ JnjoU) would
tiecds cci^fummaie the Match; defier.evi byH<:n/yihc ereat? be-
cwcen
122 The LMsmolres of the Dul^ «/ Rohan. Book IV.
tvvccn him and the Piincefs of Montpenjlery which he was abfo-
lurcly averfc from; whether this aveifion proceeded from him-
felf, or the fu^^g^cftions of others, not defirous this treaty flioulc!
take efFeft ; which encouraged many to joyn with him. But the
Prince of C^)/-?^?' , and his Wife, whom this marriage threat-
fied with a remove fo many decrees from the Crown, as the Duke
pf^;«/(j/i{ fliould have Sons ; The Count of Soffo'dsiov the fame
reafon, and out of hopes he had to marry that Princefs himfelF:
The Duke of Lon-gncy'dle out of Jealoufie of the Duke of Gipfcy
whofe Sons were all Brothers to the Princefs Mon.tpe?ificr ; The
Duke oi Vcndofme upon the fame confideration, to which hi§.
Brother the Grand Prior oi Fran-ce added his difcontcnts againft
the Cardinal,, who had deluded him with promlfes ofthe Admi-
ralty of Fr/?«(:r,which afterwards under another title, he refer ved
to himfelfj many of the chief Nobility out of particular Inte-
refts; The Queen who feared the others fertility would preju-
dice her in the King her Husbands and his Subjeds affeftlons ;
and the King himfelf induced by feveral apprehenfions, oppofcd
it: See here very confiderable obflacles to be removed.
Neverthelefs theC^een- Mother, who with good reafon grounded
on her ownj&the Intereft of theS'tatCjwas very zealous for this mar-=.
riagejdefpairs notjbut begins her defign with an attempt to gain tl c
Colonel d' OmartOy who was formerly the Duke of Anjou's Go-
vernour, and continuing flill his Favourite had a great influence
on him :To this end, ,fhe gets him made Marihal cf France -y
but what ever promifcs thefe honours extrafted from him, they
quickly vaniflied, as foon as he faw the P rincefs of Co^idc^ whofe
beauty and attraft ions raifedinhim fomuch love and vanity, as
totally blinded him, fo that being careffed and fued to of all
hands, he loft himfelf in that Maze of felicity : the better to car-
ry on his own defigns with her, he pretends to the Queen-Mother
that his fcrvlces arc wholly bent to efFeft her defires, and pro-
cure her contentment, when really the charms of that Princefs
bad drawn him entirely to her devotion ; 'Twas fhc alfo governed
the Queen } propofing to her the difrefped and contempt the
Children of the Duke of An oh. would bring upon her; and that
if he muft needs be married, her Sifter the Infanta of Spain would
be a more convenient match for him : But all this while this Prin-
cefs hoped that having clearly gained the Marfhall ^* 0/-?2^»tf to,
her afliftance, ftic ftiould in the depth of this Labyrinth find out
away to condud her own Daughter to the Dukes bed. See here]
three Parties in one, the Queens, and thofe of the two Princes
of the blood, all which, though for different reafons, and which
they concealed the one from the oihera confpirc to impede this]
match :
Book IV. The CMewolres of the Dnke of Rohan~t 2 ^
match ; and fo ftrenuoufly profecuce their defircs, that the Dukc
of An]Oii abfolutely refufcd her.
At the fame time there hapned a private quarrel which was fc-
conded by many other : Chalais Matter of the f^'ardrobCi having ifl
aDucl flainP»'2fgi&^«/f, younger Brother to LucUe, Nephew to
the Marfliall Schomberg, and a Favourite of the Duke ei* Elbeufy
cfiufcdagreatdlvifion in the Court; the Duke of AfijoH , the
Count of SeiflmSf and the Grrr^iPr/V? undertook the protefti-
on of Chalais ; the Duke d* Elbeitf, with the whole family of
Ci^ife ("except the Duke de Chevrrufe) favoured the Houfe of
Luddc ', this divifion lafted all the Winter ; at length? Chain Is ha-
ving obtained his Pardon, andfenfible of his obligations to his
Protedors, gave hlmfelf up wholly to their Interefts, and was
of great ule to continue the Duke of Anjoft in his obftinacy
againft the marriage with the Princefs Montpenfer ; The Prin-
cefs of Conde alfo diffident of the fufficiency of her power with
the Queen, perfwades her to engage the Dutchefs of Chevreufe
in her party, for that her own Interefts lying with the other Par-
ty, fhs feared left otherwife (lie fhould divert her: But her will
was eafily brought to a compliance with the Queens j the fenfc of
hei great obligations to her, making her promifeto facrifice all
her Interefts ro her Commands and fervice. On the other fidejthe
Queer-Mother paffionately profecutes the accomplilhment of the
Marriage; efpecially the Cardinal,hoping that to effeft it againft fo
many and great oppofit ions, would enlarge the Princefs ofMone^
penfiers obligations zo himfo, that his power would fufFcr nodi*
minution, though misfortune fliould alien even the Kings afFefti-
onsfiomhim; the Princefs of C^^f/, Sifter to the Duke of G«i/^,
and all their family beftir themfelves mainly to the fame end,
and by the means of the Duke d' Elbeuf, who was a Friend o£
B;Zi''44<ij the Kings Favourite, or ^Ife of fome other perfons who
engaged themfelves in It, the King was alfo brought about torel-
li{h the match too, out of an apprehenfion infufed to him, that
thofe three fadions pretended only a rupture of the marriage,
whereas, in efFt^d, their defign had no other aim but his ruin, to
clap him into a Monaftery, and marry the Duke of Anjoi^ to the
Qieen : This impreftion made him now as zealoufly promote,
as he had formerly oppofed the marriage ; earneftly importuning.
his Brother, and fending to the Marftiall d* Omano, who returned
large proteftations of obedience to his commands, but that as yet
he could not difcover any difpofition in the Duke for it: Thus
for fome lime was the Marfhall careiTed and fued to by all
parties.
Iflths meanwhile, the oppofitc Parry ilrengthen iherafelvc$
ivith
124 ^^^^ Memolres of the Duke o/Rohan. Book I VJ
^\9kh a fiipply oF all fuch as hated the Cardinal, efpecially the
Duke of Savoy y vvho; fdefirous to repay him the ill office he had
lately received by the concluiion of the peace with Spain-t which
expofcd him to the inconvenience of a war with Gr4Da,^nA the ha-
tred o'iSpain^) by his Ambalfador die Abbot of Scngl'ia-, propofes to
tho. Duke a match with the Princefs of Mantm^mndi by the fame in-
ftiumenc inftigates him to ridhimfelf of the Cardinal? as the only
obftacle to all his defigns ; but- the Prince of Conde^ and the Prin-
cefs his Wife, feeing the Kin^ varied in his, had not courage
enough to perfevere in their rcfolutions for the Party they had uh-
aertaken, though they were mofl engaged to prevent the marri-
age ; but indeed fo great a properifity was there in their natures to
treachery and fallliood, that without any difficulty was this change
ivroughc in them : the one hoping to gain a piece of Land, called
Vu/t-ie-Yoy y and was a part of the Crown-land ? to joyn it to
his Dutchy of Chafieau-^oiix ; and the other ? that
■ fHe m'ght not totally leave the Court the feat of her pleafures and
contents i and the better to ad their parts, the Prince comes to
Valery^ not far from VotmuumhUaii where the King then was,
whither the Princefs alfo makes fevcral journies j after which
the Mirquefs of BiCxJ. Brother-in-law to the Cardinal, makes
three voyages thither alfo, but very privately; to whom, as ''tis
faid he gave an account of all palTages, adding to, rather then
curtailing the relation of any particular, according to the cuflom
of all Informers, that by fuch means hope to irihance the price of
their difcoveries.
About this time were intercepted feveral packets going into Spiin.
and Savr,y^\\i\\\c\), ©ccafioned th? fecuring of the Marihal ^' OmMd^
vyho was yet fomewhat more ccremonioufly dealt withall then or-
dmary,;n regard of his Mafler : The King one afternoon commands
the Regim'^nt of his guards into the B.iffe Court at Fow/Ztaraeblean,
under pretence of cxercifing before the Queens i but inftead of
returning to their quarters, they pofTefTe themfclves of all the
adventics of the village, which was alfo furrounded by the Caval-
ry: And the King going very early to bed, not long after rofe
agiin, fentforihe Queen-Mother? the Cardinal, the Chancel-
lour, and th'e MirfhilT Schombcg^ with whom he refolved upon
the Arreft , which was executed by the Captain of the
Guard.
Whereupon the King fenr inflantly for the Duke of Aniou, to
let him know that the reafon of his imprifonment was, becaufc
he knew that inflead of fervinghim according to his duty, the
MirrinU infufcd bad Counfels inuo him ; at which the Duke was
iiighlydifpleafed, and to as little purpofc difcovered hshis dji"-, •
Book IV. The Memdres of the 1)y.k£ «f Roban. 125
guft both in words and gcftures, flies in great fury at the Cardi-
nal, demanding of him, if he had been privy to this de/ign, who
told him that indeed he was not ignorant of it ; the fame demand
ipakeshc to the Chancellour,vvho for not daring to advow the
aftion, loft his feals a few dayes after, and was banifhcd the
Court.
After this Arreft of the MarfhaLwas Ch.-iudebon.ne, a Domeftick
of the Duke of ^?2/o/^'s fent to the Basilic, as alfo Modem and
Deagcnt foe their old faults: The Count of Chaflean-Ronx, and
the Chevalier de ^.rrs were alfo baniflied the Court, fufpeded for
having fo great a dependance on the Queen and the Count of
Soijfons. The Marfhalwas fcnt to the Bois de y'lncenneSy and all
the places under his Command feized on, the moft confiderable
of which was Von-t Saint Efprit in Langt{.cdoc : The report of
this, made all the Princes and Great ones then at 'Paris, and in
no little amazement at this accident^ return to their attendance
on the Court.
The Duke of ^?Z/o/^ perfifts ftill in hisdifcontent, and is mere
averfc then ever from the marriage with the Princcfs of Mont-
pcnjier y But being yet deftitute of any fafe retreat, he is inforced
to cover his difplcafure with a difiembled accommodation with the
Cardinal; and huntii>g often about toimtaineble'au, refolves one
day to go towards Vltmy, apd dine with him, who then lay there;
but having notice of the Dukes intentions, and that it was only to
do him a difcourtefic , departs thence before day, comes to 'V
tountamebUah juft as the Duke was rifing, and gave him his
iliirr.
This little difcovcry roufes the Cardinals and makes him very
foUicitous to provide againft theftorms impending over him: he
imderftands moreover, that all contrivances againft his life come
frohi Savoy, that the Abbot of Scaglia is the chief Inftrumenc
imployed in it ; that the Queen made ufe of the Vutchefs o£
Chevreicfe to animate the Duke of An.jon. againft him, that the
Grand Prior irritated by a private difcontent, is alfo one of the
moft violent againft him? whereupon he refolves to ruine thofe
lie could) and to rid himfelf of the reft the beft he could.
Thiswas the ground of his irreconcilable hatredagairft S^'Z/oj,
of the ruin of the Grand V.nov, Chal a is ^^ the Dutch, of Chcvrewje,
To compafshis defign, and prepare his way to the Government
of Britany^ which he coveted for its good Forts,and the conveni-
cncies to execute this new office of Superintendent cf the Sea?
ivhichhehad introduced to fucceed the fupprefled Admiralty of
France ^ he fuggefts to the King, that the Duke of Venciofme.
^rew too potem in Eiitanj/p coniiderifig his precenfions to than
\ '- : Duichy
jz6 ThttJifemolres of the Duke <?/Rohan. Book IV.
Dutchy in the right of his Wife, md the alliance he was entring
into with the Duke of K^t\y who was very powerful in that
Pfovinccj and Matter of two of the moft conftderable places in it;
that the Qrand Prior, the moft zealous of all the Duke of An-
joii's Partifans, was his brother j that it m'lght be one day a
moft fecurc retreat for the Duke, and of dangerous confequencc
to all France, confidering its fituarion both fo near to England
and Spain ; and that it would be expedient to provide timely pre-
ventions agalnft fuch fatal accidents. This made the King rc-
folve upon a journey thitherjand to ptepare himfeif for it, the
vi/hole Court removed back to Paris ; but the better to conceal the
intended voyage, they pretended only 3 journey to EloJs j Never-
thelefs the Grand Prior rightly conceiving; that a further progrcfs
wasdefiened, offers to feekbuchis Brother, and bring him to
juftifie himfeif againft all accufations whatever ; provided he
might be fecured by an engagement of their words, not to be inju-
red in his perfon : this he imparts to the Cardina],who approves cf
hisdefign, filshim with hopes, but no promifeof fecurity, ad-
vifing him to procure that of the King, which he does, and fo de-
parts for Br^^^^y-
The Duke of Aftjer^ was very unwilling to this Journey,buc
finding no evafion for it» at length refolves upon it : All the
Court go , except the Count of SoiffQiis, and the Princcfs of
Montpenjler, whom the ficknefs of their Mothers ftayed behind.
The King being at Blois, thither came the Duke of l^mdofnie and
his Brother: For two dayes together the King niadc them infinite
carcfles, which the third night he clofes with an Arreft by the
Captain of his guards, and then fcnt them both Piifoners to the
^aftledf Amboife.
After this was done, the Cardinal, who had all this while
ftayed at one of his houfes near Varlsy comes to Blots, openly
commjferating the misfortune of the Grand Priori but not his
Brother, in which the whole Court fympathize, for that the one
was beloved, but the other hated ; and that which moft moved
their compaflionj, was, that the Grand Prior had moft innocently ^
been the Inftrument of both his own and Brother's difafter. The
refolution for the voyage into Britany is continued^ and alfo to
prefsthc Duke of Anjoi^ to the marriage, who ftill oppofedit."
But fome of his Party, <^earing left at length he might recede from
bis refolution, advife him to quit the Court : Some counfelling
him to take the way of Roc^elle, others that of Mef^: Moreover -
they fend to the Count oi Soijfonshr Balagny and Boyer, two
trufty perfons, the one to be his condutlor towards RocheU", if
chey took that waya and the ether to treat with his Uncle the
• . puke
Book IV. The Afen:oiresoftheDHkeofV<o\ilX\o 1 27
Dukcot V'lUdrs Gov tmox o^ Huzrcy that they might fecurc that
Port to receive the forrai?n fuccoLirs promifed them. But as 'tis
ufual in all dangerous enterj'rizes, mens hearts failing them, in-
flead of executing their dcfigns, they raife difficulties to over-
throw them, To hapned it in this j For inftead of going thcm-
felves, they fent a Gentleman belonging to C^;.^/^/?, tothcDukt
of VMetteto know whether }\e wruld receive the difcontents, and
by that means gave him opportunity to evade a bufinefs, in which,
had they furprizcd him, he had without refinance been engaged:
For conceiving by t'ljs meflage :hat they were not well refolvedjhc
fent them word, that the place belonging to his Father the Duke
d' EfperrMij he muft jfitft fend to know his pleafure, before he
could return them afiy other apfwer : This very well plcafed thofc
that difTwadcd his departure? efpeciaily C/?.i/^/^ who was of a mild
tcmoer, and naturally averfe from fadion; to which his friends
had never inclined him, had not his fpirit been too flexible to
W'ichftand their folicitations; fo that feeing the trouble and dan-
ger ftiU increafe,he grew very defirous to dif-entangle himfelf of
the affair, and to that end, intreats the Commandckr de Valence
to afl'ure the Cardinal, that he would renounce the Duke o£
. Arijoiis Incercfls, and become \\.$ fervantj The Cardinal who
dcfired nothing more, receives and cajoles himfo handfomlj,
that he engages him by promife, ro difcover all the Dukes defigns
to him o'Thislafledatew daye.s but ihe inconflancy of his hu-
inour, which yet was nothing mifcheivous, hurrying him to ano-
ther change 5 he repents of his promife, will difcover nothinp'^
and raccdmodes himfelf with the Duke of Anjou'^ retjucfling the
CommandeHr to revoke the promife he had given the Cardinal in
hisbchalf, who excufes himfelf of the employment, foretelling
him, that it was the next way to a Prifon or worfe ; But Chains
?io!:withflanding, perfifting in his refolucions, goc fome other to
carry his intentions to the Cardinal, who nothing relir>ied the
meffagej which recalled to his mind the bulinefs of P/f^/j, and
gave hiiTi fome Jealoufies that it was the Dutchefs of Chevieiifs
that had regained him, and therefore he thoyght it now time to
difpatch him : Wherefore he caufes him to bearrefted and fent
Pnfoncr to the Caftle of Nantes; and Commiflloncr^ of thc^
Partiamentof Britany were appointed for his trial; at which he
confeffes, and accufes, what, and Vv'hom they pleafe ; thinking by
thatmeans fbeing little verfed in criminal proceedings^ tofave
himfelf, confirms alfo fome flying reports of his engagement to
Icill the King who was helping him to bed ; but he was condem-
ned and executed for this only? that beicg a Domeflick of the
pukcoi Anjoh's^ he had adv J fed bis Mailer to retire from the
• * '■ Court «
I'ZS The {Jytemoires of the B:ik£ of Kohzn, Book IV.
Court : Bit after all thefe ueakncflcs? feeing how incfi^dual
they had been to fave his life, he dyed with much courage and
conftancy \ At the /ame time alfo was Hurcillac apprehended,
and devefted of his Government o^ Sommkres in LanguedoCy
Troftcortanii S.z!rjcterie were alfo banillied the Court, for prefu-
ming to dififwade the King from the intended marriage : To which
the Duke of An-jotc^ during thoTe procedures, was anew urged 5
and his Favourites being already won? the Duke upon hopes of
theMarlTial^' 0/■^.^'^t>'^5 and Chalak liberty, at length refolves
upon it, and falling from one extremity-to another, luddenlyand
privately marries the Princefs of Mo?VpenJicr, fwho was purpofely
fent for from raris with a gallant train) loves and carelles her, and
now cannot live without her. Hereupon his Appanage was af-
fignedhim, to witj rheDutchyes of Qrleam and Chartrts ^where-
fore for the future we }l;ail call him the Duke of Qrleaji?) toge-
ther with the Earldom of V>lois i great in appearance? but feated
in the heart of I'rance, without any good place within the whole
circuit of it, and of a very fmall revenue, his chiefeO; afllgnations
forthem.aintenance of his houfe being out of the Trearury,thac
fo they might at pleafure be taken from him.
The marriage thus confummated, they proceed notwithftanding
to the execution of Ch.-ila-tS) inquiring alfo after informations a-
gainft the Duke of K(?;2^{)/«?r,efpecially whether he held not Intel-
Jigence with the Duke of SoubiT^i during the war in the year
ioZ5'. CcmmiiTicncrs alfo were appointed for the trial of the
puke, and his Broiher the Grand Prior; but the one objeding
the Privikdge of hi» PeCiage,and the other of his Crofs cf Malta y
they were at laft fent totheBoif ^e l^ince?tn-es, without any fur-
ther proceedings againfl: them ; only the Dukes houfes in By'itany
were razed, and he v/as deprived of his Government of that Pro-
vince 5 which was conferred en the Marfhal Thcm'rei-s. Twas
thought the reafonthat diverted the Cardinal from the defign he
had upon thi^ Government, was, that havmg placed into Byejl,
one of the fairefl and fccureft Ports of all Trance^ one SoiirdeaCy
a creature of his Qwn, out of hopesto fecure it to himfelf; the
King without his privity, conferred that command upon a Souldicr
•f mean quality, which vexed him fo, that abandoning all fu-
ture thoughts of the other? he refolved upon the purchafd^of
Uaiivre de Grace in yo,m.tndy.
Upon the Confcffion of Chalak-, Mcflengers were alfc^rent to
Vergeiyz Houfe of the Prmce of Giiymcnes to confine the D'^^chefs
of Chcvreufc there? but (he efcaped that confinement bl?Jier de-
parture before to P^tris, where being informed of vjhat haq palled^
ihz r£C<)Yerci, by srcar iournhi tQ L^rmn,
Book IV. The CMemolres of the Dnke ofKohm. 1 2§
The voyage of Britany having thus fucceededj the King returns
to Var'is, where the Count of So'jfons duift not expeft his arri-,
Valj but grown wife by rhc misfortune of others, travels into /fit-
/y, where the Court-hatred purfued and perfecuted him ; For
Letters were fent to Be:/7/^ac Embafladour extraordinary for the
King at Kome, that he fliould take care the title of Highnefs was
not given him 5 to which Beth/me having no other pafTion then
for his Mailers fcrvice, anfvvers, that he would never be guilty
of fuch a crime, but that if the Count of Soijfon-s had offended
the King, he ought topun^fh him in Fran.ce, and not in thac
which would fo much intreach upon the honour of the Crown ; and
that he would rath- r quit his employment, then do fuch a dif-
fervice both to his Mafter and Family.
When the Court came to V^yis, not a word was fpoken of the
Dutchefs of Chezfciife her removal ; S.rcd:gny and Bonceil wera
confined to their own houf.s, one being accufcd for advifing the
Count ot" So-ffons to leave VvancCy the other for his too great
propenlTty to the Queens feivice. Attempts were made alfo to
take the Chevxlicy ri. 5p,:>j-, which having notice of, he prevented
by his flight into England ; About this time alfo the Marfhal d^ Or^^
nam died of the Scone, whofe death occafioncd feveral difcourfcs-
We will now leave the Duke of Orleans to comfort-himfelf witfi
the embraces of his new Wife, for the lofies and misfortunes o€
his fervants \ and the Cardinal to refrefK himfelf awhile, after
having diflipaced fo thick, and menacing a cloud, as hovered over
his head, to come to the affairs of England-, whither the AbboE
ScigliAy four raoneths before, was gone in qualit\' of AmbafTadour
cxtraordinary, and carried together with his Maflers, his own par-
ticular paflions, both being unanimoufly bent to fpare nothing*
that might purchafe them a found revenge upon the Cardinal ^
There he found the Duke of Bncl^ingham of the fame humour,
whom he encouraged to procure the banifhraent of all the French
attending on the Queen of great Britany, for thar they cherillied
their Miflrefs in fome froward humours? which many times occa-
iioncd differences between the King and her? alledging that Spamy
' Trance, and S^'z^oy would be fufficient prefidents to warrant the
aftion; recounts the numerous fadions and difcontentshe had-
Icftln France, the illufageof thofe of theReligiom in whofe In^_
terfefls the King himfelf v/as engaged, as being furety for the ob-
. fervance of the lafl treaty of peace,and afTures him of his iMafler
• the Duke • i S^i'oy^i" complyance and fidelity upon all occafionsj
' Allthefe rrfwafions joyned with the urgent follicltations of the
Duke of SofibiTe, in the behalf of thofe of the Religion, moved
the Duke of Bfic\in^ham to perfwade the King his Mafter private-
It b
1 go The Memoir es of the Vuke of Rohan, Book 1 V.
!y to fend a Gentleman to the Duke of Kohan. to inform him of hi*
deep refentments that thofe of the Religion had by his means
and intervention been deceived, that he now faw clearly, that in-
ftcadof reftoring Rochelle to its liberty, preparations were make-
ingto opprcfsit, andthathedefired toknowalfo what perfecu-
tions they fufFered in Languedoc 5 that it was expedient they Ihould
addrefs their complaints to him, that, being Caution for the late
peace, he might have juft occafion to demand reparation for the
infraAions of it, which if it was refufed, he protefled that he
would employ the whole ftrength of all his dominions, and hazard
alfo his own perfon to obtain an exaft and punftual obfervatlon of
the Edift for peace : But that finceitwas fitting, for the better
Juflification of his procedures, to begin with fuch formalities, he
defires that he would fend him over a Gentleman? by whom he
might be fully informed and direded how to proceed.
The Duke who faw no humane means to preferve Roche lie but by
relief from England^ received thisMeflage with all refpeft and ho-
nour; and informed the Gentleman, that the Comaiiinaltiesof
the Religion could not write to the King his Mafter neither in Ge-
neral, nor in particular without being deteded, which would crufh
the affair in itsbirthjthat he would undertake that office for them
allj by fending a Gentleman with a Letter, to implore that aflifl-
ancc of him, he was obliged to give them ; who moreover fliould
be fully inftiufted with the particular in obfervarions of the peace>
and what he thought was the mofl convenient courfeto be taken in
reference to the war : With this anfwer the Gentleman returned,
and a few dayes after, according to his promifejthe Duke difpatchc
ti.^Uncan with orders to goby the way oiRochcUe yZo fee in what
condition was the Citadel of Saint Martin in the Ifle of Re j
which he cxadly well performed, aijd after his arrival in Englandy
obtained a conclufion of a war for our relief.
In the mean while the Duke of '^uc^iniham caufes all the
Queens French Servants (except a Chaplain) to be cafhiered,
which made fo great a noife in France y that the Marfhall Bajfom-
piere was fenr Embaffadour extraordinary into England to c©m-
pofe the afl^ir, and returned thence with fatisfadion correfpon-
dent to his inftrndions and intentions ; But the two Favourites ac-
cord not at all ; he oi France caufes the Mar ihal, being no crea-
ture of his to be difownedj and the other procures a dilfolution of
the treaty.
' Nof long before, the taking of fome Normande ihips by the
Mngliflj) gave another occafion of difference ; The Parliament
of Roiien hereapon not receiving that fpeedy fatisfadion they ex-
pcded? laid z.vi Embargo upon aj Englifh Y eflels in all their Ports,
and
B ook I V". The (Jiiemotres dftheBuke /Rohan^ i ^ I
and the Englijh upon the reciprocal and fruitlcfs complaints of both
Parties, made Prize of all the Y^rench they met with.
ThePakeof Miic^inghjim, who in all thefe affairs aded nothing
out of affedipn to reljglonj or regard to his Mafters honour, but
only to fatlifie his paflion for fornc foolifli Amours of his In
f ranee, upon thefe two.occafions grounds a requefl to be fent Em-
baffadour 'to Vraiice ; Thus from the petty follies of the Court,
fprings the diflurbance of whole Kingdoms, moft of the mlfchcifs
rhat infeftthem flowmg from the particular Intercfts of Favourites?
who tramplljng Juftice under their feet, fubvert all good policy,
change the good Maximcs of the State, and make their Matters
but properties to fupport their greatnefs, wealth and revenge. .
The Duke of Ro^iZ« jealous of this Embaffie, fcnc one of his
Gentlemen very privately to Varis, to obferve the adions of
Buc^'mgham^ and to encourage him In his former refolution : Buc
the King would not admit of his Embaffie, fothat hisdefign of
Love being fruftrated, he nowfoUovves the didates of his rage*
and fince he could not fee the objed of his padion, refolves to
fliew the King his power, preparing all things for the warj in
-*vhlch, by hisprefeht care and afliduity, he redeems his former
negligence and remifnefs; and that he might omit nothing thac
might further his defign, the Lord Ho^it^igiie Is fent into S^voy,
and thence to the Duke of Ko/^-^;?, where arriving very privately^
he delivers his Credentials frcra the King5 and from Biic^mghamy
in whofe names he aflures him of the great preparations In -E/^g-
land for our afliftancc, to wit, of thirty thoufand men to be dlf-
pofcd into three feveral Fleets, the firft defigned for the Ifle of
R^', the fecond coming up the river of Bourdeaux to land in
Guk/im:, and the third In iVor/^^.w^^^y, to give the King a found di-
yerfion there, whirfthe fhould be bufied in CHiame-j that the
Rivers of Loire, Seine , and the G^romie fliould with g0od Fri-
gots be kept clofcly blocked j that the Duke of Savoy v^ovAd make
an invafion either upon Daiiphine or Provence, and moreover pro-
mifed the Duke of Kohan five hundred auxiliary horfe, and the
Duke of Chevreufe alfo the like number ; that his defire was, thac
with thofe thoufand horfejand the foot he fliould levy in Langueduc^
he would march to Mo/ttanban, to rally thofe of the Religion in
Cuieun.0, and joyn with the EngUfh Army, that (hould niake itS
difccnt by the River of hoitrdeaux :To which he replyed, that
immediately upon the entry of the English into France, and not i
before, he would engage himfelf to take arms, and procure the
lower Langueddc , the Sevenes , Kouergue, and a part of the
higher Langnedoc to declare, and upon his own fcorc to raife four
thoufand footj and two hundred horfc to raaich to Montaitbaa y
K 2. .i^tA
ip The tJiiemoWesofthe P//^«? of Rohan Book IV.
and moreover, if he had half the Cavalry promifed him, he would
undertake to joyn the £-^^/''J?? Aimy in any part of Gukn-ite Yih^i-
fo'wver.
Me?^^^^«^ returned fat jsfied with this anfwer, and the Duke of
Kohan began his preparations, which yet he could not make wicl*
that fecrelie, but that the Court had fooa an inckling of them}
fo that his Mother and Sifter had been made Prifonersjhad they
notfoughttheir fafety by flying to 2?ock//^, where they did emi-
nently contribute to the defeating of the King's defigns there;
and as all contrivances againft him, were clandeftine and under-
hand, fo, for his part did he cherifh thofe of the Religion in their
difcontens , efpecially concerning the Conliilaics of Nifmes and
Alef^^ whofe accomodations he prevented, fo that he prcfcrved
thofe Corporations in a firmiefolutionto dare all extremities, ra-
ther then fuffer the leaft diminution of their Priviledgesjand all the
refl in a condition to adhere to them ; And on the other fide, the
Courtfadion having interefled the Royal authority in the con-
cern of thofe Confulates, would not in theleaft degree recede
from their pufpofcs.
When things were in this poflurc, about the twentieth oi "J^ly
comes the Duke of Buc\mgham into t'le Rode of KochcUe, with a
brave Armado, in \\hich were ten thoufand men, with ftore of
Canon, and ammunition for war, with all forts of Inflruments
for Pioneers: which when the Bochcliers faw? inftead of receiving
him whom they had fo impatiently expc<flcd5 they fhut their
; gates and havens againft him, to prevent the arrival of anyone
from hitn, to impart his Commiffion to them ; for the Maior and
thofe in authority were corrupted by the Court Parry, and the
poor people had neither ftrength, nor courage to admit him : So
that Soubi-^ewzs fain to go on fhore in a Shalloup, and landing
near to one of the Town-Gates with one of the King of E?iglands:
Secretaries, his Mother wentftraightto another, whither when
the Duke was alfo come, fhe went forth and drew him in by the
arm, at which the People much rcjoyced, and in great troops fol- "•
lowed him to his lodging : When he was thus gotten in, he afTem «
bled the Counccl of the Town, to whom the Secretary declared
the fubftance of his Meflage after this manner ; That the Duke of
Bficl^mgham had fcnt him to let them know, that by tbe command
of the King his Mafter, he was now come in fight of them with a
Gallant Army, ready to land where occafionfhould require i that
that which induced his King to this, was his certain knowledge
thatthe Councelof France^ (corrupted by the houfe of Jiijiria)
eonfpired the ruine of all Chnftendom; which manifeftly ap-
peared in the affaiis of Gnmmj) whkh they have eriCircly mined.
Book IV. The C^femoires of the Vuh of Rohm. I3.?
efpeciallyby thacpermiffion was given to Count ^Xmsfidds Army
to pafs through France, v/hich, as he was ready to march, was rc-
fufed him , and was the deftrudion of that? and confequcntly
of the Germun' Armvjln which twelve thoufand EngOflo peiifhed
^y famine 5 that fince the King his Mailer had by his AmbalTadours
mediated a compofing of the late War againft thofe of the Reli-
gion, and engaged himfelf foi: the faithful obfpvation of the Ar-
ticles of the Treaty, (and that too with the confent of the King
of Franc?) in which? thofe of the Religion had fubmitted to con-
ditions too harfh for their prefenc eftate to bear j he had fecn
their Confederates of Itdly deferted, and the Armies defigned for
their defence, employed to block up their Garrifons? and to reduce
this Town to a Confumption by Famine? the continual cries of
which place, and of the whole body of the Reformed partyjhaving
by the mediation of the Dukes of Koha/i and Soubi^c^ reached his
eares, and taking notice of the vaft preparations at Sea? clofely to
begirt this Town? and that to that end, by an unreprefidented aft
of injufticej one hundred and twenty Engl'ffh (liips^ with all their
Merchandize, Mariners, and Artillery} were feized on in time of
peace; that for thefe, and miny other reafons? compaflionating
their miferies, and heavy prefiures, his promife alfo to fee the Ar-
ticles agreed on, performed, obliging him, he now ofter'd them a
powerful afliftance both by Sea and Land, in cafe they will accept
of it, and engage in the War with him, protefting not to profecuce
any particular preten/ion or intereft: whatfoever , fave only what
was accorded to thofe of the Religion 5 for which he became
Caution: That in cafe the Town refufe this offer, the Duke
folemnly protefts before God, and the world , that he holds his
Mafter fully abfolved of all obligations borhofConfcIence? and
Honour ; and that for his part,he fhall difpofe himfelf to execute
the reft of the commands impofed on him by his Mafter? and that
hedcfires their clear and fpeedy anfwer : This Harangue much
moved the people, who faw no other re-fourfe,nor hopes of deli-
verance then from the EnglJjh Arms J yet fo prevalent was the
i^dion of thofe that endeavoured the deftrudion of that poor,and
miferable Town, that with much difficulty were they induced to re-
folve on any thing; at length they fenc their Deputies to the
.Duke of Bac^ingham, to give the King of England thanks for the
care he took of them, and withall to let him knowj that having
heard, and well confidered of his Meffage, repre Tenting his Ma-
jefties good intentions to all the Reformed in France, of whom
they were but a part J that being bound by their Oath of Union to
ad nothing but by a general and unanimous confent, they concei-
ved their anfwer would be niuch firmer, and more acceptable to the
K 3 ' Kiugj
I :?4 The {_MenJoires ofihe T>ptke c/Rohan. Book IV.
K'ng, if ic w ere accompanied with that of the Duke of Kohan:,7LTi^
the reft of the Reformed party,to\vards whom they were now fend-
ing with all fpeed j b^fceching the Duke of BucJ^inghum favou-
rably to interpret this Protradioncf the demanded junftion^ and
be a means that it may not be difpleafing to the King of great
Britain. In the mean time they would addrefs their prayers, and
yowes to God for the profperous progrefs of his Aiins to
a plenary execution of the good, and holy intentions of his
Majefty.
This anfwer had like to have drawn great prejudice on them
of all hands ; from the E^^g' jhi to fee their great irrefolutionjand
that they ihoiild n. ed a fpur, who could find no fafety but in their
courage, and audacity ; fiomthofeof the Religion, inafmuch as
they demmded their advice jnot afliftance : Thus in affairs of great
confcqucnce, Councels accompanied with too much circumfpedi-
on, are attended on by no lefs dangersi for they difcover fo much
fear, as raifes the courages of enemies, and deprefl'es thofe of
friends : The Duke of Sdiihr^. fent the Duke of 'EHcJ{ingham a
particular account cf this deputation, and anfwer, by S<2i«;f B/.t^-
carte^ and withall, an abfolute affarancc of the Town of /?o-
ch.Ue,
It Is no V to be obfer/ed, that when Soubi'^^e left the Fleer, to
know the indentions of the Kochcllersj two things were agreed on.
bet\* ecn him;, and Buckingham : Firfl:,that the firft defcent fhould
be in the Ille of 01 ron., both for the facility of it? there being not
above t^^■elve hundred fouldiers to oppofe them, nor any fortrefs
able to make eight dayes rcfiflancej and alfo for the convenisncies
of the D'ace, abounding in corn, and wine, commodious for the
maintenance of their Souldiers and M.iriners, eafie to be kept,and
that once raken, and the Efigli(h VelfeU guarding the Sea? would
in fhort time reduce tie Ifle of Re to great extremities 5 whereas
if they made their firft attempt on the otherjwhich was well fto-
red with fouldiers, fufificiently fortified to make a g^od oppofition,
the fuccefs of the attempt would be full of hazard, and the con-
queft of uncertainty J the other was not to attempt any thing be-
fore the Duke of Soiihi':^ his return: But when Saint Blanc art
came there to acquaint the Duke of BacJ^ingham with the ifTue of
his negotiation in RocbcUe, h.Q^ound the dzCiojy varied, a difcent
into the Ifle of Fe. determined, and ready to be executed, which
th Duke of Bac^ingh m alfo, not expeding Soitbio^e his return,
kaftans; whether it ^' as, that he feared left To.'ivt/, who had al-
ready three thoufand foot, and two hundred horfe inthelf]and>
ihoiild grow too ft ong,manyof the Nobility, and great numbers
of fouldiers flocking thither from all parts 5 or that h© was loth
Book IV. The t^emolres oftheDuke of Rohan^ 155
Soub'iTe fliould participate of che honour of thcaftion. Atth'S
dilcent there was a fmart and gallant combate, the Englljhy like x
deluge, orer-whelming all that oppofed them, which greatly terri-
fied the Rommifi^ ', and had he clofcly ptirfucd the vidory, and
goncdireftly to the Fort, according to the advice of the Duke of
Sofibi\ey who was by that time gotten thither, he had found it em-
pty both of provifions and fouldiers ; but the lofs of five dayes idly
trifled away, gave Toiras leifure to rally his fcattered men? and to
carry all the provifions, could be found in. the Village,up to the
Fort.
This only fault drew after it many mifchiefson the reformed
party; in this fight was flain Saint Blancart, (^ who came thither
foon enough to land the fccond man J defervedly lamented by his
party, being a young man, whofe pietyj courage, and prudence
emuloiifly ftr.ove to renown him.
Thisdifccntof the Englifh caufed great commotions at the
Court, andjhad a fudden taking of the Fort fucceeded it, probably
a great alteration of affairs haj followed : For the ficknefs, the
King, about the fame time? was furprifed wich, the general difcon-
tcnt of the Nobility at the Cardinals favour; the jealoufie of
ihofe were but lately engaged with the Duke of Orleans ; the abode
of the Count of Solffons in Piedmonty and the Duke of Savoy's
known dcfires of revenge, for his defertion by the French, were
fufficient grounds for more than ordinary jealoufies; and every
one impatiently expeded to know the fate of the Fort, that they
might declare their afFedions; which the King well knowing,
omirted nothing for itsreliefifed the Town of Kochelle with hopes
of an accommodation, provided tkey joyned not with the Englijh,
cfTayed to work upon the Duke of Kohan wirh offers of large funis
of money, and difperfed Meffengers 10 all the Reformed Towns,to ,
renderodiousthedifcentof the Englifh, znd to draw from them
fuch Declarations as might fecure him againfl the fear of their
conjunftion with them; and prevailed with Montauban and
Caftres to fend Deputies to the other Corporations to difTwade
them from it, and by this Argument, that KocheUe had not joyned
with them.
The Duke of Ro^^«*5 who for a long while before had been
acquainted with the Artifices of the Court, and particularly knew
iheir Parti fans in every Town, fore- feeing well that he could nos>
hinder fuch Declarations, adviles them to infert in them the gene-
ral claufcimder the benefit of theEdifts, and all other conceffi"
onsjthat fo he might in convenient feafon difengage them agaifl,
and with hopes of good news from R9c/;f^^,engages them not ta
(^efert that Town, At length come letters thencej^ but fuch, whofe
K 4 cm*
^S^ The AfemoWes of the Dul^ of Kohznl Book IV.
contents ^nfwered not his defires j ncvenhelefe he is obliged to
make u[c of them ; but how to extrad any advantage out of
them, was no fmall difficulty : If he fhould fend them to every
Town, they might occafion divers refolutions to be taken up by
them, and poflibly contrary the one to the otherjwhich muft needj
caufe great divilions j if before he took up Arms, he (houid con-
vcque an Aflembly, none of the Corporations would dare fend
rheir Deputies, for fear of rendring themfclves criminal , which
%vould yet be a greater evil; \^ rclolves therefore to conceal the let-
ters he had received,&at the fame time to write fevcrally to all the
principal Communalties of the Sevenes, f and unknown the one
ro the other , nor mentioning any AfTembiy ) to fend their De-
puties to him to N'ifmes, to v^hom he, had things ^o impart that
much concerned them in particular j the fame defire fjnt he to
yfi^i hoping that when he had drawn the Provinces, of the lower
Imgiiedoc^ and the Scvcus to any good refolution? the reft of the
Reformed party, or at leaft the greateft part of them, would eafily .
follow their example. This invention fucceeded wellj for all
the Deputies came at the time and place prefixed j but the Com-
miffionof the Deputies of Vfe'^the'mg not large enough,and fear-
ing fome treachery from that Town, he car'ried all the Deputies
thither, and there formed anAflembly, not doubting, by his pre-
fence, to confirm them to his party 5 this done, he recounts all the
breaches cf faith during the firft War \ all the infradions of the
Edict of peace, made b.fore Montpellier, ( which occafiomd the
lofsof that Town) the continuation of thefiegeof Rochellc, the
det'-nt:on cf their goods, and the injuft and "cruel execution of
many innocent perfons, which was the caufe of the fecond ; which
being compofedbv the intervention of the King of great Biitnh''%
Amb.;fladours, they to obtain a condifcenfion of tKofe of the Re-
Jigicn to the Kin gs propofals, with the Kings confent, and in the
^amc of the King their Mafler, becarne Caution for the perfor-
mance of theArticles, which being no better obferved than the
former, the danger of Rochelle daily increafingby ftraitnlng their
Iports the lofsof their Franchifcs, and liberty of Commerce, by
iche repairing! inftead of the promifed racing of the Fort Utvis 5
t>y the fortifying thelflands, and ftoring them with Ammunition a
and other proviiions ; by the building, coUefting, and arming fo
many fhips j by maintaining fo many neighbouring Garrifons; by
fo many attempts upon the Town j by the fubverfion of the pri-
Viledgescf N'//«^x,flnd ^/^/c^, depriving them of their liberty of
cl<^<^.rgConfuIs5 by the manifold infringement of theEdi<ftsin
^11 poinrs, and laces, and towards all perfons j that the confide-
^ ^ation of ^U thcfe tLs gs ha4 obliged higi i© icmojif!iate ihei^
Book IV. The Memoir es of the Dfiks ofRohinl is?
condition to the King'of great Britain, to implore him, actoriii^
to his Royal promifes, to afford us fomc redrefs of our grievances >
which fo prevailed upon him, that after a fmitlefs tryal of all fair
ineansj he had at length refolved openly to affift us, and to thac
end had fcnt the Dakc of Buckingham with a gallant Arniy> whofc
beginnings were very profperous : But that it was upon condition,
that the lovfc^: Langi^edoc fhouldjoyn vvithhisforces,and not liftea
to any but a General Treaty, and with the confcnt of the faid
King) and of the whole body of the Reformed Party within this
Kingdom j adding moreovei: that the Town of Kocbelle would noir
conclude any thing without them : And, with thats fliewed them
the Letters be had thence, telling them, that, confidering the
importance of the affair, he had thought it neceffaryto alfemble
the two Provinces of the Sevenes, and the lower hangnedoc, thac
there might be a perfed: harmony in their refolutlons, which woul4
never have been, had he fent thofe Letters to all the Towns fcve-
rally 5 that, moreover} he could not in time of peace convoque an
General Affembly, whofe only fummons would then have proved
its prevention .* but that he was alTured that the relolutions of
thofe two Provinces would charm all the reft to an imitation :
wherefore he conjured them to a ferious confideration of the prc-
mifes 5 alTuring themof hisflrift and perpetual adherence to them.
Whereupon they decreed that the Duke cf Kohan ihould be
4e{ired to refume his charge of General of the Reformed Party,
10 makeleaviesof Souldiers and all other things he fhould con-
ceive conducible to their goodj that he be defired to form,as foonas
maybe a General AiTembly, to continue during the war, for the
dirctflion and management of their affairs, that the oath of Union
be renewed, with the addition of their Jund ion with the King of
great Biitains forces, andalfo of all other Princes, Lords and
Gendemen, that for the maintenance of this caufe have, or for
the future Ihall raife arms, with a fubjundion of a promife not
to accept of any particular peace, nor to confent or hearken to
any treaty, but general, and with the approbation of the whole
body of the Reformed Party , and of thofe Princes with whom
they are? or fhall be united.
This being done, they all depart rand Kohan gives out his
Conamillions, and, that he might not difguft the People, raifes
and arms hismen at hisownexpence, appointing a day to make
fome attempts upon fcveral places: And while he prepares him-
felf for the field, let us refleft upon the Ifle of R^', where we left
xheDuke of Biici^inghtim, publifhing a d'eclaration to juftifie his
Matters proceedings, and advancing to quarter hisarmy in the
Jown^of Saim Uanh de R^;, whence he began w ftraighten the
Citadel^
138 Th L^fem&lres of tkeDuJ^ of Kahin. Book IV.
Citadel, confining of four Baftions not yet perfe<fled 3 and havin?
no out-works to defend it : This place he rcfolved to reduce, by
ftarving it^prefuming they had but fmall ftore of provifions in it;
and that being Mafter of the Sea,he might eafily prevent the entry
cf any recruits either of men or viftuals ; but being fomethin«y
toocarekfs in blocking them up, he concents himfelf with flopping
upthe Haven with boats and beams laid a crofs it, furrounding
the Fore with his Army, and the Ifland with his Fleet, but
difdainlng to take a fmall Fort in the Ifland, which held for
the King, and was featcd on one of the befl: landing places in it :
whence afterwards iflfued all the mifchiefs that befel him.
Bcfidcs thofe errors, were committed ^Ifo thefe, vi\, that in-
iiead of raiflng a work towards the Sea, the only quarter to be
feared, a very frivolous and ufelefs one was raifcd on the Land,
and three Batteries, but at a diftance, rather to affright, than
Iiurt : A Well alfo was not well heeded, about five and c.venty, or
thirty paces from the Counterfcarp, in which was only thrown a
dead horfc, and fome flones to cover it; but the befieged know-
ing, of what dangerous confequence that lofs would be to themj,
disfumifhingthem of water in the Fort, quickly uncovered it, and
fcaving well cleared it, fortified ^t with a work, which preferved ic
them during the whole Siege : The Guards alfo were not well or-
dered towards the Sea ; nor could the re-iterated advice of the
Duke of Sofcbi^e ever induce them to divide their Ship»,anti place
them before the Ports,where they would have much prejudiced the
Romifh Party. Nay, it was yet worfe; for upon very light pre-
tences, every da;' came one or other from the Forts to fpeak with
the Duke of Buci^ingham, and difcover the condition of his Ar-
iny J and from that time, by the means of the Baron De Sa'm Sii"
tin and Montant, were fee on foot on divers Treaties, which were
continued till fuch time, as the Duke of Bt^ci^iftgkim difpatch'd
one of his Nephews to the Court with the faid SamSmin^ but
for what reafon, was not known to the Duke of Sonbi's^e,
Now for the better underflanding of this AflTair, it Is to be
known that Re is an Iflandslying about a League from /vjcfef/.'?,
fcven miles in length, and of great fertility, efpecially in wine ,
and fait : There are in itg three principal Bonrgs, or unvvallcd
Towns, of which Sdnt Martm Be Re is one of the fairefl of
Traftre, arid feated on the befl Rode of all thatCoafi: There is
alfo a fair Port, which flretcheth it felf all along the Town? like a
little Arm of the Sea ; and it was the mouth of that which the
Duke of Butl^ingham blocked up^ to prevent the introduftion of
provifiom into the Fort : Between Ri, and Brmage lies another
lilanda called Ole^im, as big, and populons as th? otherj but much
Book IV, The CMewolres of the Dtike of Rohan.^ 1 59
jiiore fruitful ^ in which the King had *garrifon*d a Fore, b uil
there by the Duke of Souhi':^ in the former War, but of fmall
confideration ; had Buckingham fclzed upon this Ifland, where
almofl all the Inhabitants are of the Religion, he had then totally
defeatedtheFortof Re of all means of relief.
The King about this time falling fick, was conftralned to fend
the Duke of Orleans in his place, to command ,( and confirm the
ArmyjwhichtheDukeof AngQUlefme had about RocheUe, where
notwithltanding the Roehellers protcilations by which they dif-
owned any confederacy with the Engl'ifh , yet was their ufage no-t
thlngbetter>butthey began now to begirt them more clofely by
Land, to retrench all manner of Provifions : but the main defign
ofthe^Army chiefly refleded upon the Fort of R^, to recruit that
with men, and viduals, in which they fparcd no expence, neither
of men, nor money ^ fo that at feveral times they got in fuffici-
cnt numbers to keep it till its entire deliverance.
The RochcUcrSi after they ha4 often^ but in vain, renewed
their proteflations of fidelity and obedience, feeing that all their
fubmifTions, neither abated their fufferings, nor the malice of thofe
who thirfted for their ruine, but only fomented divifions amor^g
thofe of the Religion, and furniihed the ill-affedcd with fpeciou^
pretences to exclaim againft the others; at length remonftrate how
that they had with-drawn themfclves from the Crown of England,
to fubjeft themfelves to that of Trance, the great priviledges they
had acquirM by it, their good fervices everfince, their immove-
able fidelity, in which they had conftantly perfevered, notwith-
ftanilng the deftruftion of their Trade, the confuming of their
Haivefts, the devaftationof their Countrey,the cruelties exercifed
upon their Citizens j in fhort,all thofe miferies which a licentious-
Army in many years can inflid upon their greatefl enemies ; and
after this fad repetition of their fufferingsj openly declare for the
Bnglijh.
As for the Duke of Rohan, he alfo publifhes a Declaration*
containing the infradionsof the two former peaces, the reafons
he had to refent them, and makes his Addrefles to the King of
great Byiui?i , who was Caution for the- latter j protefts that he
has no other aimc, than at the obfervation of the Ed'iiis, whicli
once granted, he freely offers to expofe himfelf to a voluntary
exile from the Kingdom, that fo there might be no ground left foe
future pretences and jealoufies. On the other fide, the King alfo
ifllies forth new Declarations, in which he promifes an obfervation
of the Edifts to thofe that ihall pcriift in their obedience, a pardon
to thofe that had flown from it, if within a ccrtam time they rc-
lurncd to ir^, denouncing heavy fccurities againft ^hc pcrfons, and
cftates
/40 T^^e Memolrisofthe Bnhe of Rohan. Book IV.'
eftatcs of fuch as fhall adhere to the Reformed Party 5 the Duke of
Soiib'tT^ was proclaimed Tray tour 5 and the Parliament of Thon-
iof^ey though it has no jurifdid ion over the Peers of France, con-
demned the Duke of Rohm to be torn in pieces with foure horf s ,
proclaimed him ignoble, and fct a price of fifty thoufand Crowns
upon his head, ennobling thofe that (houldafrafTinate him, which
encouraged -three or four unhappy Villains to attempt it ; but they
came fliort of any other recompcnce than a Hakcr, or a Wheel ;
it being not within the compafs of any humane power, without rn
cfpecial permiflion of the Divinci either to prolongior fhorten the
life of any man.
Thefe light skirmlfhes of the pen thus difpatched, come we
now to the more fatal ones of the Sword ; of all the defigns con-
trived, and promifed to the Duke of Rohan to be put in execution
upon divers places, in feveral Provinces, none took effeAjbut that
of CorcomCy the management of which, he had committed to the
Lieutenant of his Guards, together with one named De VIt^^
{ who in a fhort time after, gave it back to the enemy again ) The
chiefeft obftacle of it was the peoples refufai to allow of any fuch
attempts, before an open Declaration of the War : So that at the
beginning of thisi there was not any Paltry Village, or Fcrt, that
Hood not upon his Guard ; a thing not heard of in the former Ci-
vil Wars, when men were more zealous for their Religion, more
faithful, fecret, and confident of their Commanders, to whom
they gave fo great refpe(ft, that their bare Tickets only were fuffi-
cicnt to engage them in a War, an J to attempt the moft confidera-
ble places of ^ the Kingd om j whereas now the Irreligion and Dif-
ioyaltyof thofe of the Religion, is more difficultly oppofed, than
the malice of their enemies.
About this time, Mon.tagii2 fent him an Exprefs, importing ,
that the intentions of a Difcen: to be made in 'Guymne, were al-
tered, and that for this Summer the Duke of Buckingham would
make no invafion but about the Coaft of Rochelle ; fo that the
King of great Britain difcharged him of his protiiife to march
to Montmcbm, leaving him at liberty, to make choice of what
place he pleafed for this Summers adioni but that the Duke of
Savoy , with whom he was, wis of opinion, that he might make
amoreadvancigiousprogrcfs along the Khme, than in any other
quarters and promifed to give the enemy a good diverfion in his :
But all thefe dcfigns were projeded with reference to the taking of
the Fort of K^','^of which there was not the leafl umbrage of a
doubt. The Duke of Rohm took this Exprefa into confideration,
and would willingly have made his firft Exploits in thofe quarters,
had he not been necefTicated to reclaim the Towns of Komgue ,
ajid
Book IV. The Memoires of the ^ake o/Rohan.^ 1 4?,
and the higher Langiiedec^ who in hisabfencehadbcen inveigled
into refolutions contrary to his? and their determinations alfo fenc
CO the King j fo that nothing but his prefence was capable to make
them take Arms i which fixed him in his former purpofes, for
which he fent Montague hisReafons, afliiringhimhoweverjthar,
if the Duke of Savoy would inftantly take the Field, he would
quit all other dcfigns to joyn Forces with him j but that otherwifc
it would be expedient to remit that Affair till another time : And
hy leaving the Baron JD' Jubals, ■ toxommand the lower Langiie^
doCi and a Council in the Sevenes, to govern their Affairs there ;
he marched with his whole Force, compofed of four thoufand five
hundred Foor, and two hundred Horfe, diredly towards Mitlaudi
and in his March , took Vont D' Arre ^ a private Gentlemans
houfes and AY':ga6 a Church that was fortifiedj and very much
incommoded the Bayliwick of Vtgan ; whiles he ftayed at Saint
^ohn De Brcuil/, Alterac, and Guerin , two of his Partifa/ts in
Mill.md came to meet^ and diflwade him from that attempt, al-
ledging the difficulties attending it, and that as foon as Montan-'
hart and Caflrcs had declared, they would do the like.
The Duke told them they had done very ill to come out o£
the Town, which they had left to the difpofal of thofe that were
difafFedcd to them ; that it would be the rulne of his defigns, and
a Prcfident for all the Towns of Roiiergue to^fhut their Gates a-
ga^nfl him , that he could not b:gin with Montaubafty and Cajires^
for that Millau-d laydireftly in his way to them; and that he was
refolved with all his Troops to get in, or ravage their whole Coun-
trey ', defiring them to go before, and give them notice of it :
But they found how their abfcnce had encouraged the adverfe par-
ty, who having fhut the Gates of the Town, and thofe of the
Bridge over the River Tarn , where they muil of neceffity pafs>
they could not obtain a re-admittance^ but were enforced to return
to the Duke with the newess which yet flopped him not, who well
faw the neceffity of profecuting this defign ; hoping that the fighc
of hicn would animate the people to an infurreftion; who failed
not his expeftation : For having with much difficulty and peril,
by reafon of the depthi and largenefs of the River > pafTed over
fomeof his Guards, who laying at the Gates of the Bridge on
both fides, they at length fell downs and gave him free pafTagc
to the Suburbs, where taking ferae Horfe, and his Trumpets, and
in that Equipagq marching round the Townjhe fo excited the peo-»
pkj that under the favour of the night:, without any oppofition ,
they meet 'all with their Armes, and forcing the Confuls to open
{heGateSiwentthemfclvesto conduct him into the Town.
This fucccfs made him way into alhheTcwosgf Ro'ilergue^
and
*:;4?<- ♦
^t^i TheLMemoires of the Dffke of Kohm. Book IV,
and of the Mountain of Albigeols, except Brajfac, and Saint Fe-
iix Tower, where he left fome Regiments with f^i^cquereffe, who
!iad already blocked up this Tower, and having fprung a Mine ,
took it upon compofition ; whereupon BraJfaC) at the end of four
and twenty houres yielded alfo : But Saint Germiery v/ho carried
on his bufinefs at Casircs, behaved himfelf fo ill, that he fuffered
himfclf, with all his Confidents to be turned out of the Town?
This Prefidcnt made Rcalmant, Britejle, and the three Towns of
taiiragicais ^ viz. Viiylaiircns y Revels and Sore-:!:e refufe aifo to
declare 5 fo that he was fain to come with his Cavalry to Koque-
CourbCy a little Town, about one League diftant from Casires ,
and two from Kealmortt 3 whence he made feveral Eflayes to re-
<luce thofe two rcfraftory places ; at Caftres he prevailed nothin*
at all ; at Kealmont his perfwafions ,met a more civil reception,
and their Gates, that refuCed the Duke of Mommoyeiicyy admitted
him J there he placed Mangis Governour, who had been raofi:
a&ive in doing him this fervice, and very faithful to him in the
precedent Wars.
The reduction of this place was fome enlargement to him 5
thither he fummoned the Colloque of Albigco is, ■^h'lch. he wroughc
to refolutions conformable to his own 5 but before he could advance
any farther , VuyUiirenSi or Kcvel mull: of neceffity be fecuredj
otherwife it were inapofTible he fliould adventure to go either t©
MontauhaAiOr into Foix^, being to march twelve or fifteen Leagues
in an enemies Countrey, and that over greatPlains too, having
the Duke of Montmorency attending on-him, who had drawn to-
gether the whole ftrength of the Country to fight him, and was al-
wayes double or treble ftronger in Horie than he 5 it was once in
his thoughts to crofs the Tam , but the late abundance of rain had
made it unfordablej fo that having no way but that of Lauras
^uaisy and an Army before him, he could not put himfelf upon
the hazard of that paffage without fome place of retreat. Hebe-
gins therefore with Vuylaurcm, as a place whofe example would
invite all the reft 5 Terrieux-, and Mau-rls, two, whofe good fer-
vices in the former Wars, made him repolc a great confidence in ,
promifed, that if he would give them five hundred pifiols to di-
flribute in the Town, they would procure his admittance j bur, ia-
ftead of performing what they had engaged themfelVes to do,they
betray the whole defign to the Duke of Montmorency, to the end
he might furprizc CajjagMy who with his own, and the Baron d*
Alet\ his company, and fifty of the Duke of Rohan's Guards,
were commanded to execute it 3 to whom, when they came to the
appointed Rendez- vous, the Traytors fent word, that it was not in
their power to z^c^ what they had undertaken j the others feeing
chemfclTes
Book IV. The Memoires of the 'Dnhe of ^oh^Xi] I45
ihcrafelves far from any retreat, Caujfe Caucallicr, who had very
good acquaintance , and Gaillard, a brother , in Revels who
Y/khDes-IJlcs-Maifo'd^ v/crQCAny'm^on an infallible dclign there,
and which wanted only two dayes to be put in exetuticn, fearing
ihe inconveniencics threatned by the great length of iheir retreat,
made a defperate propofal to anticipate the time, and attempt ic
prefently? which they all affented to, andfucceeded fo well in,
that the people of K£vcl feeing Kohans Livery, imagining he
himfelf was there, and Ga'iUcird'i brother, with fome other of
the Inhabitants, having feized upon a Tower, favoured their jE/^
calade^ in which they met with no other oppofition than feme
ftones thrown at them ; Thus they became Maftersof theT'own,
the news of which made the Duke of Kohan refolve, inftantly,
and without any further delay to advance.
In order to which he caufed fourty thoufand loaves to be made,
and \czvingRoqiie-Cowbe came with part of his forces, and lay at
/irif.itj a houfenot above halfe a League from Cafires^ the next:
day he marched to 'Sarrc\^ where he appointed his general Ren-
dez-vous, and quarters that night at S^^ei, where he had intelli-
gence that the Duke of Montmorency with all hii troops lay be-
tween him and Ktvel , whereuponjto difencumbcr himfelf of all
the Carts he had to carry it, he diliributed all th«: bread among
his fouldiers ; and the next day having marchied about a League,
he difcovercd the Duke of Montmorency, with three or four hun-
dred horfe only : whereupon he rallies his mcnj and in good or-
der marches in fight of him> keeping on his way to Revel , with-
out any rencontre at all,and quartered about aLeague from Revel ,
where he arrived the.next day early. The Duke of Montmorency
takes up his quarters at Saint Felix , and other adjacent places,
vvhence he might get the advantage of the way, wnether life took
that o£ Montanban, or oiVoix.
The Duke of Rohan, in the mcane time, intercepts a Letter
written by the Confuls of Ma^eres, and addreffed to the Prefidenc
de Sue, importing the inclinations of that Town to joynewith
the Reformed party, but that the Duke*s prefence was very re-
quifite to promote the publique Declaration of their intentions ;
which he cook into his ferious confidcration, and rcfle<5i:irg upon
this, that he had yet three dayes march before his Army could
reach Mcntauban , no retreat upon the way, that his journey thi-
ther was not neccffary, the Englifh being engaged in other parts,
a«d having good aflurance of the entire affedions cf that Town,
he thought fit to embrace this offered opportunity of reducing the
whole Countrey of Foix to his partyj This made him refolve
upon that courlCi andj that he might get the fiart of the enemy,
having
144 TheCMemoiresoftheBuksofKohm, Book IV*
having caufei his Souldiers to take bread for two da yes, and quit
part of their baggages he parts from Kezel at midnight} but by
reafon of the badnelle of the weather that night, and the incom-
modious advenews of the Village, where his foot lay, it was day
before his Reare could get out of it j fo that paffing by Men-tcauj^
fety vvhere a troop of horfe of the enemies were quartered , no-
lice of their march to.vards Voix being given, it occafioned a
flight skirmilh, which yet retarded not the armies march : The
fame troop followed his Reare at a diftance, till they came neare
to a litcle Town called Soi^i/Ze, two Leagues trom Revel , where
rfic Duke of MoJttmorericy was rang'ng his troops in Battalia , as
X conceiving it the moft proper place to oppofe the Duke of Rohan's
pafTage, and fight him, by reafon of a fair plain beneath it, very
advantageous for his Cavalry, in which he was much fuperiour,
and of a little, but very dangerous brooks all whofe bridges he
had broken dovvn> fo that he could not paCfe but in fight of him«
The Duke whofe Army confiftcd of four thoufand foot,& fifteen
hundred good horfe, made four Battalions of his Infantry, which
he ranged in formes of Lozenges, leaving great intervals between
them for his Cavalry who faced the enemies army, and could, as
they marched, be eafily ordered to charge them either in Front,
Flanck, or Reare 5 andhis baggage placed he in the niiddeft of
the four Battalions,re folving in that order either to pafre,or fight
hinti But enquiring of his guides, if there were no other paffagc
over the brook bat that which the enemy pofTeffed, they informed
him, that upon the left hand of him there was a Ford near a little
Caftle, called de Je^t?z, where the brook being narrow, there
might eafily be a bridge made for the paflage of the foot : Thither
then marched he diredly, leaving the Duke of Mommorencfs Ar*
my on his right hand, and when he had gotten beyond him, very
opportunely fends to take the Caftle, which two hundred fouldiers
of CafielnaudiZyy were coming to pofTelVejand would mightily have
incommoded his paflage^ This done he difencumbers himfelf of
hisbaggage? which he fent before over the brook to the Caftle,
and having gained a little hill? between the enemy and the brook>
halts there, to obferve the countenance of the Duke of Mo^itmo"
Ycncy, and confidering what he were beft to do ; Once he thought
not to quit the advantage of that place, fearing to march over the
brook by day, in view of an army that fought all advantages to
encounter him , and mght fufFer as many as they pleafed of his
men to get over, and then charge the reft : On the other fide ,
confidering, that if he flayed there without provifions, in an
enemies Countrey, an army attending him, and having five long
Leagues to Mn'^^eresj he feared it would be coo great a burthen for
his
Book IV. The CMemolres of the IDuks of Rohan. 14 f
his fouldicrs to fupporc, fo char, b}' the advice of all his Officers>
he relolved coexpofe himfelf rather to the hazard of a batteljthan
the miferies of royle and tamine; and when the bridge was made*
marched towards it, in the aforefaid ecjuipagc. Ai2\on who had
the command of a troop of horfcj and was ncarefl the Duke ot
Mon-inmency's Army? bein^ placed upon a hillock, that gave him
ihe profped of the whole Countrey tvery wayj let the Army
advance too far before him, before he began to draw off; fo that
he was charged by two hundred Horfe? who purfued him home
10 his Foot m great dlforder, and had like to have Reuted them
too J but the Duke of '^ona.n*i, Guards, who were very opportune-
lyonfoot, and ready to relieve hinij gave them a Volley, and ac
the fame inftant a iharp charge, and repujfe j this beginning
much animated MumiKortncy's Army, part of his Cavalry, with
his Foot alfo, advancing with great fhouts to the charge; but
receiving a fccond repulfo and two of t!ie Duke of Kohanh Kat-
taillons coming up, with their Pikes charged diredly to them ^
the Foot ftayed not to exped them j but flying, cafl away their
Arms, and quitted the Field ; they were clofcly purfued up to a
Work) which hindred our difcovery of what was on the otheK
fide of it, and faved the enemy fiom an entiie defeat ; For the
Duke of Rtf/u/2 would not fufferhis m n to make any confufci
purfuit, bccaufe the Duke of Mcntmorency, who had not yec
come up to the charge, was beyond that Work, with above three
hundred Ho rfe in Batta'la ; but commanded X-r^/^^^ only to ad-
vance, to obferve their pofture.
The Duke of Montmorency, when he had rallied his Men ,
drew them off to SovUle'y and there Ranged them again in Bat-
talia, but \vithout any ferablance of renewing the Fight : The
Duke of Kohan, for his part, kept the Field more than a long
houre, caufed his dead to be buried, and thanks to be given to
God; and then, without any interruption) palled the Brook? and
kept on his way ; but ceuld not reach Mcv^res till the next day
at Noon, afrer he had been forty houres on horfe-back : In this
Fight he loft Canffe-CaHCallier y one of his Life-guard, one of
hisPages> two Lieutenants of Foot, five or fixSouldicrs, and
had thirty or forty wounded. Of the Duke of Modtnio^cncy's
partyj were I ft many more? yet was it no bloody Incounter; and
■in is to be believed that this encra^ement of his was rather occafio-
nalj than before d.^t:rmincd ; for .■ feems he had more reafon to
charge the Duke of Ko^.'t m his^ pairt^e over the Brock«> than
in any other part : Pu: 'tis eafier to correft the adions of others,
when a man is out of damzc of thcblowes, than in theaftioa
it Ulii which requires a prorrnt and fudden cxccucionj and af-
L fords
I4<^ '^he Memoires af theDnke of Rohan, Book 1 V.
fords not leafure to perpend? aed weigh all events. The Duke of
Montmorency had, at this Rencontre, but three thoufandFoot,
but he had fixj or feven hundred Horfe of his own^ belides all
the Gentry of quality of LangnedoCj KoilcYgm y l'o:x, and fome
from beyond the Garcme,
When the Duke of Kohan. came to Mar^crcs^ all his men op-
prefled with hunger, laflitudcjand wantof f[eep,for refrernment,
he found the gates fhut againft him? and the Magiftrates utterly
averfe to receive him; but the common people at length took
hearts and in fpight of the Confulsjand moft potent Inhabitants,
let him in; where, after he had taken the befl order he could
for quartering of his Korfe, he made provifionfor his Foot alfo.
When the Duke of MomrKQrcncy heard of the indifpofition
of the people of ^o'lx to joyne with the Duke of Rcban^s
Forces ; he came and took up his quarters at Saint Gal-
lelle upon the River Ccrs^ which runs to M-f^rrw^a good league
diftant from Saverdim, whence he fcnt to inform them^ that he
was come thither with his Army for their aff.ftance, that they
fhould be of good courage, and not fuff jr themfclves to be caught
by the allurements of the Duke of Kohan- '^ who for eight dayes
together, was opprefied with the exrremity of keeping ail his Ar-
my upon his own expence,' and yet could he hardly furnifli his
iFoot with one loaf a day each one ; having no other placf in f oiA?
be-fides Ma-^eres, and the River R'uge fwollen to a height, that
making it unfordable, cut eflf all communication with the upper
Foix : So? that had thefe inconvenlencies lalled but a few dayes
longer, he had been in danger of periihing by Famine if he
flayed J or by the Sword, if he returned; having no Ammuni-
tion to defend himfelf withall : All thefe neceflities prefiing him,
he founded fo manyFordesjtill at length having found one between
Saverdim, ahd Famic':^, which the'Duke of Montmorency could
not fo fuddenly reach, he refolves in this defperate condition, to
make an attempt on Saverdmy where he knew the people were
ivell-afFeded to him, and the lower Town being eafie to be for-
ced , he hoped that when he had taken thaty fear would
induce the other to an accommodation with him ; which projcft;
had a wiflied fuccefs ; To this end, he marches by liightfrom
M^'xeres with?, part of his Troops, and at break of day paf-
fes the Ford ; but with great difficulty for the Foot? by reafcn
of the fwiftnefs, and extream coldnefs of the River, which then
alfo was fwcllcd fo high, that fome of his Souldiers, and many
of his Arms were lofl in it ; fo that at laft the Horfe were necefli-
tated to tranfport the remaining Foot behind them ; which doae^
fee marches ftraic to Sdverdim j where firft^ by a Trumpet he*
rummoned
Book IV. The tjiiemoires of theDuke r^Bshiru 147
fummoned the Inhabitants to open their Gates; and upon their
refufai advances, and, after fome Volleys of fmall fhot, which
neither flew, nor hurt any one, with the afliftance of fomc honeft
perfoHsof the Town? Ladders were mounted, and the place cn-
tr^d: The raking of the lover Town, much confounded the ill-
atfcded J fome flie , others hide themfelves, at length all cry ouc
for mercy ; and the higher Town alfo was furrendred on the nth.
of Ntrjcmb,i6z7. . .
The fame day Faiicon^ by the Duke uf Rohrd^s order> with
two hundred Men? fecured Montmaiir-, a fmall Town? and Caftle
lying between Revcly and M.i'7:ercsi but of great confequence
for the uniting Laiiragu-als, and Foix : This was efFeded by the
intelligence of LaBarte^ whom the Duke of Montmoi ertcy had
highly difgufted.
The Duke vigorou'fly profecutes thefe fortunate fuccefTesjan^
upon hopes cf fame Correfpondents in F^wit^,on the 22th. of
the fame Month he fhewes h mfelf with his Horfe before it, buc
had no other encertainment than what they fent him from their
MLifquetS3 whereupon he determined, the night folio ving, to
clap a Pctarde to the Wall, to which he was induced by fome of
the Inhabitants, that had given him a meeting near the Town;
inftead then ot returning to Saverdii-fi^ whither he was going j
he retires to a Covert, half a league from T-vmc-^^^, forbidding
his men to make any fires; thither he commands Goicd'm and
M.ilmoiraCj with their Regiments, whom he had before ordered
to be in a readinefs ; but thofe that fliould have come out of the
Town to conduct him to the place, and inform him of the true
ftateofir, came not to the Rcnde:t-V0us ; neveithelefs Brml ^
■;one of the Town? Author of thisenccrprifcj and who knew, well
enough where the Pctarde was to be fixed , being with him, he
proceeded in the deiigned attempt, which was executed after this
■ manner. Caffagne had the command and conduft of th e VUffrds^
wh'.ch were carried by Gentlemen of his own, and fome Officers
of his Horfej who were feconded by Leques with thirty armed,
Men, and fifty choice Pikes, and Mufquetiers; after whom
marched Gondin, and, JVi^/woir4c, then the Duke of Ko^<2» him*,
felf in perfori : In this Equipage they come up to the Wall,where*
notwithftanding the AUarme, and Volleys of fhot, the firft Pe-
tarde was fixed, but the Breach being not large enough? a fecond,
was clapped on, which extended it to a fufficienc widenefs for an
armed man to pafs , whither the Inhabitants flocking to defend
the Breach, BiiTler the Engineer, took a fmall Granade , and,
ihrcw it in through the Hole among, them, where it broke, and
fpoikd the Thigh ef on« of the Defendaocs; and diflipated the.
148 The Memolres of the Duhs of Rohan, Book IV.
reft j whicH'^ave the AiTailants opporrunky to enter the Breach ;
the firft that entred, was La, Tuir Ceuhoux }, the fecond, was
the Baron of J^iUcm^dcy and after them, the whole Party. The
caking of the Town in this manner, fpread fo unlverfal a terrour
over FoiXy that fome Forts, wellilored with all ncceflaries, gave
therafclves up for fear. After this the Duke was received inro the
Mas d' A-^jl, asid CaiUt:, by v^hich means he reduced ail thofe,
that were of the Religion in the County of ft* A', lo his party j
and probably had don.: much more, had the ^%'-flj encerprizes
in the Ifle of Re profpered j whom it will be now expedient to
look after.
The negligence of the E-ngliJhy gave oppoitunity to thirteen
Barks, laden with pro vifions, toccmeup to the Citadel, where
they arrived the fixth of September, about the Morning, and got
ctf again the ninth following, carrying with them all the wound-
ed and unufeful perfons : The eafie paffage of thefe? encouraged
others t© the like adventure •, but, the Guards bung re-inforced
by the KochellerSy fome of them were taken, and ieverely dealt
vvithall 5 and on the laft of SiptcmbeY^ of hfteen or fixteen Baiks
which came up , feven were taken j and the reft put to '
fl-ght. .
On the twelfth oi September cameficm £;?gL-?7^ a Renforc
of fifteen or fixteen hundred Souldiers, w ith a fupply of all other
receifaries j whereupon the Duke refolvd to attempt the Lttlc
Fort Vc la P/ cc,and turned fome of his Canon that way 5 but this
deiign wasdafhed upon a fudden, no man knows why.
On the hxth of O^ioboy the beliegcd, prefled by ftrong ne-
ceflities, fent out Maniand with ofters to capiculare,:n cafe they
were not relieved With v.duals the nfxt day : This obiiged us to
double our Guards, and, as the winde fate, itwaseaiicto con^
jcdure that the lelief could not come but from Olormty whereupon
fome ftiips were couunnaded out to meet them, and prevent rheir
paifage; but, inftead of thaujthe Captain of the G::ard took
anotner courfe? and went wtih his flrips to the Foffc de i Oye y
while three and thirty Barks, fcizing the opportun*ty:pafl':^d\«ith-
cue interruptions and nine and twenty of ihem cau'.e up under the
Citadel ; where yet it is to be nored) that tliey could not come
near the Land, but upon a gr.ar Flood, which comes but evety
fifteen daycs, by reafon whereof ihe Engitjb might yet with
much facility, have deftroyed the relief; whxch though arrived,
yet could not be unladen ; fo that Propo{\r' ens were made tc the
Duke? aflaulting theni on bo:^ fides by LanJ.\»K> fire the Barks
with what was in ihem: which might have been done without any
prejudice received from the C^ftlcjby reafon of the height of the
Banks
Book IV. The CMemoires of the Btike of ^oh^r\. jAp
Banks capable to (helrer the Aflfailants : He Teemed co approve
of thismocion, but rook nocourfeco put it in aft j contenting
himfelf only with trifling away the time in vain attempts to fire
them by Sea.
When the relief was gotten in, Biicl^mgham calls a Council,
who rcfolve to draw cfF^ fo that on the twelfth of 05fober , they
bee;an to re-imbarquc their Armes, and other Am munitions th. y
had upon the Land : After this he fenc for a Gentleman beion-
gingtothe Duke of Soy/;;;?;; , to whom he declared that tlie
Council of War , • coniide.ing how well the place was flored with
all neceiTaries > the year fo far fpenc , his Army much dimni«
Hied) and all his Piovifions confumed, had conceived it neccf-
faryto draw off; The Gentleman endeavoured to difT.vadehim
from that refulution , fhewing him diat the Fleet which the Earl
of Hollaiid was conducing to them , would fufficiencly repairs
all thofe neceffities j that the relief the Bcfieged had received
could not laft long 5 and that If v.gilant guards were kept? th?y
would be foon reduced to their former extremities ; that his re-
treat now he had engaged them , would be the lofs and ruine
of the Kc?c^r//t/5-5 who would caft all their difpleafure and odi-
UM upon the Duke of Soub^^c , as the Authour of their deftrudi-
on, and that it would be an irreparable dif-reputation to the King
hisMari'^rs Armsjto have attempted fuch an enterprife with fo lit-
tle hono and profit.
To al! which Arguments he gave no other anfwer , than that
his Captains would f^ay no longer; but yet, if the Earl o{ Hol-
land came time enough , with his Fleet, he would endeavour to
alter their minds ; i^>y which the Gentleman concluding that the
Duke was fised Inhisrefolutions tobe gone , gave fbeedy notice
of it to theD-'ke of Sdk^bi'^? , whoever fin:e the middle of Sep-
tember hadlainfickat Rochellc of a r^rri.-7«* Ague joyned with a
great vomiting, defiringhim, ifpoflible, to poft thuhers which
he did, andat his arrival in the Ifle of ^a , ufes all his Art to
perfwade the Duke of B:!cl^ingh:im and his Oificers into
a better humour , of which they gave him fomefmall hopes;
but he , ncverthclcfs, feeing them ftill carrying their things
Aboard, aiTured himfelf they would not budge from their former
purpofcs.
The King, in the mean time, being recovered of his ficknefs,
comes in perfon before RochcUe-, where his prefcnce raiftdboth
the number and fpirits of his Army , and upon intelligence how
thcDak&o^ Buc^inghxm's was leffened, refolves to make a A\C-
fent into the Iflc of Re under the proteftion of the little Fort de
Ia ?ri€ 3 which had ilill held out. Qn the other fide the E^igl'f^J
L 3 pi.:n
2p The iyiiemolres6ftheT>Hke of^oh^vi, Bookly,
men's defe to return) having made them very carelefs of their
guards, they fufFered fcven oreight pinnacss to fteal up towards
theForf, and on the fixteench of Ocieher they land four hun-
dred men j tlie twenty feventh there came up ten more 5 and on
?he thirtieth five and twenty ; whereupon the Dnke of Bud^iag^
ham rallies his Men j and, quitting the gteateft part of the Tren-
ches, marches by night, with what horfe and foot he had, to
prevent a dlfcenc already made , comaiandingout a forlorne of
French, which not being feconded, were enforced to retire. The
Meichantsof R-ichcUe in the mean time, feeing what preparati-
ons were made for his return? inftantiy follicitt the Duke to give
them fifty or fixtytunnesof Corn he had upon the Shore? whjch
he aff.nced not to,till they had no leafure to carry it off, fo that
they fell to the enemies fhare : But before hisdeparturcjto flicw
that he had left nothing unattempted, he lefoived to n^ake one
cflaymore, which refolucion he grounded upon the report of
fome fugitives f I om the Fort, who averred that there were but
eight hundred fouldiersinit , and thofe toofor the greattfl part
fick i that the Courtain towards the Sea had neither- graffe nor
Rampart > fo that if he mounted his Ladders on that fide, it might
be eafily forced. „ Without any further information, or batter-.
irgthcParapctts,hererolves togive a general ailault? propofcs
it to the French Officers) defiring them to d.fpofe the Fngl'ijh
Colonels to it ? and in cafe they fliould ftick at it^ he would then
make ufc of his power to command them. The attempt thus re-
folved on, he prepares his men for the florm 5 c?fl'igning the Fn-
glijh and Ir:Jh their pofl on the land fide , and the French mix-
td with Engl Jh towards the Sea : Munuel condVided the ten
firfl Ladders , but could mount but two , though hjs party beha-
ved thcmfelves with much gallantry and refoluticn 5 ( but to at-
tempt to force by Ffcalade above fiFtv en hundred Me\i in a Fort
with four B^f^io^j- , well fur niOied with Artillery, and all other
neceffaries, was a way eternally to difcourage his Souldiers , ra-
ther than to lead them on to the purchafe of any honour j but leti-
ving many dead;) and carrying off more woundedjthey were forced
to retire, ;
Thisrepulfe, together with the intelligence of the hourly
cncrcafe of the forces in the Fort de la Free , haflned the
Duke of Bvc^mgham^s railing the Siege, and his retreat to the
hay de /' Oye^ to fhip his men with more leafure and fecurity i
On the eiiiht of Novmkr early in the morning the Drums beaC
for their departure at noon , and fcarcely was the Rear Guaid,
pot out of chc Town ,' but the King's Army appeared much flron-^
ger in Horfe? and equal to the others in Foot 5 having this fur-
i. ■ ' thcr
Bo oTc I V. The LMemolres &ftheBtike of Rohan ^ i ^ i
ther advantage , ro purfue a retreating Army , and feizc all oc-
cafions which either the incommodity of the paffes, or the ufu-
al diforders that attend fuch rerteats might favour them with- At
thepafs cie la. Cobarde , they made as though they would have
charged them, but obferving the good order of che En-gllflj , and
the advantage they had of the ground 5 after a long halt , both
Armies marched off, the Efiglijh keeping the plains and che
King's Forces th^ S;a coaft : Beyond this pafs was a hollow way,
which .creflii-ig ahe Marfli, extended it fclf as far as the Bridge
de C Oye : At the entring of this the Squadrons began to be
fomewhat preffed > andtoftand upon their djfeace ; but the
Vans and then the Body being got into it, the Rear -guard,
charged by the Marfhal Schombcrg , was eafily routed; in
which defeat thQ EfigfJjh loft fcvcn or eight hundred men, but
the night approaching y favoured their imbarquing of the
reft. ■
In this adion the. Duke of Bacl^mgh.'im committed two great
crrours; oncwasj The comnittinghis retreat to the charge of
fo-U-fcoie Horfc, which being forced in upon the Rear of their •
own Troops 3 broke? and confounded them ; the other wa^. His
©miflion to iiife a Fort » or fomc other defenceable work at the
ent'.y of that hollow wavj where he had ftill defigned to make his
retreat in cafe of neceflity) which would abfoUitcly have fecu-
rcd it.
At hisdeparturejhe affures the ^cheilcrs of his fpcedy return
to their deliverance 5 with a more numerous and better fortified
Fleet, alledging the inconvenience of the feafon, and defed of
provifioHS, as the only caufes that obliged him to draw off; and
pi omifing them a quick aad abundant fupply of all neceflaries
foralongdefence ; and further defires fome of their Merchants
to follow him mto EitglMd , that they might teftifie the inte-
grity of hisaffcdion and diligence, and that they might them-
felves carry back the effeftsof his promifes. Neverthelefswhen
he drew near the Coaft of England^ himfelf took a fly -boat,
fending the 7{oche!lc Merchants to exped him at Briflol , defiring
the Duke of Soubi':^ to do the fame at Portfmoi^th , where he
would be as foon as he ; and then fteers his courfe towards Ply-
mouth , where the Earl o^ Holland's Fleet rode. When he came
thither, he gave order that the (hips that there lay ready 5 and
laden with Coin (ox tht RochcUers , ftiould be difcharged , and
the Pfovifions fold , upon pretence that th?y would be fpoyled j
which done he gets before to pre poiTefs the fpirit of the King of
great Brita'm 5 rejedmgthe blame of theerrours committed in
ehe expedition on chefQ were no way culpable j So that when
La the
I «j2 The tMcmoWesofthe P^i^<?^/ Rohan Book IV.
ticMerchants came to exhiblce their compla'nrs agtinft him,
they were inform.ed, it was the next way to make their conciiciou
worfe : And when they importunid him for a quick difpatch of
the provifions for \\^x Koch Hers , the Duke of Bucl^ingham uftd
no other cxcufe to anfwer their follicltations , than that they were
fold J and chat whxh more amazed them, was his carrying a-
way three hundred Tun of Corn, vhich he might have left
ihem, till they could have been better ftoi ed. But nocwiihflan-
ding all tMs:> the Merchansaddreiled themfelvcs to the King of
E?igla>id himfelf; to whom they reprcfentcd rheir imminent dan«
ger, and the great preparations making to confummate their
ruine; imploring h is Majefty to favour them with a good and
fpecdy recruit of Viduals, thar being the greatcft want that affli-
d:ed them ; which once fupplied, there was notliing elfe which
they much feared ; But if their eni:raieshad leafure to block up
their Port, their dcfirudion was inev tabic : All which the
King anfwered wzthpromifcsof a powerful and fpecdy relicf,ar<-
Turing them morcova-, that he would hazard all the Forces of his
Kingdomjtather than futfer them to ptrifti.
While they expeft thee ffcd of thefe promlfesj the Eochcl-
lets difpatcht their Admiral Brcgn.eait with money, andexprefs
command to buy Coin, to lade both his own, and thofe other
ihips they had already in £'?-^/"«^ 5 and to return with it with
all (peed: Da.zid -, who was fent after him, with the like Com^
miifion, ftorcs his lliips with provifions, and very happily got
back with them in o Rochellc: But Br flg?isajiy inftead of execu-
ting his Commjlllon , goes dircii^Iy from Vlymouh ^ wheie all
things were icadyforhim? toPurtjmomh , under colour of fur-
jiifhmg himfelf at a be'tcr rare ; and yet inftead of doine tlintj
goes to London , where pufc up with vanity derived from the
promifes of the Duke of Bucf^'in^nm-, he minded nothing but
an ambitious and covetous purfuic of the honour and profit of the
Admiralty of the refugiated frf^^/? , which at length he ob-
tained 5 by the voluntary demiftion of it , which the Duke of '
Soub'iT^e made of it, in favour of the KochcUers , and to eafe them
of the extraordinary expences they were at 3 and yet notwich-
ftanding, all the inftant, and dayly follicitations made to him
to thar purpofe , could not induce him to be gone , till
the difficulties of the paflage grew fo great ? thachewas at laft
forced to wait the departure of the other Fleet preparing for their
relief.
Th/s was the iiTue of th Is expedition of the Duke of Bucking'
hrm .. in whicli he wracked both hs own and his Countreys hp,-
iior; confumed. much o'tihzKochcUcrs proviiipjiSj and ruined the
part^ ht came t© relieve. The
Book IV. The Memires of the ^uke of Rohan. 155
The hopes this Viftory gave the King of carrying the Town,
maie him more intent upon the Siege : The whole winter he
fpcnt in invefting it by Land with Foits, Redoubts, and lines of
Commanication ? and ftraightning it at Sea by a Bar extending
fi om the point o^CoreiUes to Fort Lewis^ ^in which hefpared nei-
ther coft nor pains.
The Bonfires the Romamfts made throughout the whole
Country of Foix, gave the Duke of Rohan the firft light of thefc
misfortunes , the certainty of which was afterwards confirmed
by an exprefs from the Duke of Souh 7^ ^ who encouraged him
ftill with hopes that, the next Spring they Ihould return
in a condition to wipe off the ftains this affront hadcaft
upon them.
At the fame time the Duke of Kohan received two feveral
Advertifements from the lower i.'J/^g/^e^oc ; one was 5 that the
Maiq-.iefs Ae Fortes ^ who had many confederates in the CoUo-
que of Sam 0::mam, having corrupted the Garifon in the
Caftle of Florae , and gotten them to declare openly for him ;
Montr edo-!i y chief of the faid CoUoque, haflr ! thither 5 and cal-
ling in the v/hcle Province to h^s aide j had oefiegcd the Caftlcs
and in fight of the Marqucfs ds Fortes , who was come with two
thoufand men to relieve it , fprung t^vo Mines, ftormedjand for-
ced it to furrendcr : The other was, that the Prince of Cond4
was coming down the ^one towards the lower Langnedoc, and
that Brijon. was in Treaty with him about the Province of yiva-
Yet\i which he fought by all means to intimidate j urging the
Duke cf Kohan' i abfence, and at fo great a diflance from them
as an argument to inforce his defign : This made him confidei*
that it was beft to preferve what they were already Matters of j
conceiving that if he wintered in Foix , he fhould bring a famine
on theCountrcy, which had already had but a bad year 3 and
was fo little , and fo remote from their other quarters , that if
the Prince of Coiide on one hand, and the Duke ^* Ejpernon on
the other, fiiould joyn with the Duke of Montmorency , he {hould
be blocked up on all fides : That if he went to Montauban ic
would be to fmall purpofe, (or th^t the Englijh were bow gone,
and the Winter was come on? and moreover that there was no
pofiibilityforhimto return thence again i fo that he conceived
the fecur^ft way was, to return towards the lower Languedoc
to oppofe the Prince cf Condi there, and fo preferve that Coun-
trey.
But before hi^ departures he convened the CoUoque of Toix ,
Utx\es Beaufort in the Government of it , to the great fatisfafti-
pj5 s».d joy of the Inhabitants 5 leaving with him his own Regi-
1 54 '^ke LMemoires of the Dakj ^/ Rohan. Book IV,
menc ( which confifted yet of eight hundred men ) and his own '
Troop of lightHorfe-menj makes 7{^ujfeliere Governourof Sa^
verdun ; took order for the fortifying of fome places , of which
there were three very confiderable 5 to wit M-n^eres , Saverdimy
and QarUt 'y and as for the M.ts d* A^' , the good fortune they
had to withftand theformet Siege j gave them courage again to
fland upon their defence.
The only perplexity he had was for VAmk^t being a great
Tovynj not fortifiible , nor well peopled of it felf j nor indeed
were there enough of the Religion in all Vo'ix to man it as it
ought „• The right courfe had been to difmantle it; but Mcnjwith
whom in Warres cf fuch a nature a man muft of ncceflity comply,
are hardly perfwaded to things of that kinder But although this
remedy could not be applied , yet he prevailed fo far upon the
Inhabitants, as to fortifie a quarter of their Town called la. Mar-
cadal , very conveniently feated, where he defigned a handfom
fortification ; which done he appoints his General Rendez-vous
at MaT^res, whence he marches by night , and returning the fame
way he went,comes to Revel.
The Duke of Mo«rwo>e«cy having notice of his motion,
foes to wait for him on the great Road to Mo/itMiban, whence
c fuddenly retired again to his quarters. The Duke goes from
Kevel to the higher La/2^W«?t;, where re-aflembling the Co/^o^^? "
fee informed them of all he had done in Vo'ix 5 encourages them
to a conftant perfcverance in their fidelity; and eftablidies a
Council for the diredion of their affaires , untill fuch time, as
he could fend them a Prefidentfor the Colloque , there being no
man among them, that the reft would give place to, for that
the Marquefs of Malain:e who had been formerly their Prefi-
^ent, and would, without difpute, have again been accepted of,
was now wholly bent againft their Party j the Court having pre-
vailed fo farre upon him? as to make him oppofc the Duke of !?<?-
hm inthat Province ; which that he might the better do, he
fainesadefire tobereconciled with him, which he fignifies by
Letter to B-tf/^/o/'f ; and afterwards? at his firft meeting with the
Duke, difcQveringforaedifpleafure 5 that C afire s wa.s not yet
joyned with the Party, proteftcd that as foon as that Town? and
Hontmb^fty fliould do fo, and that a General AflTembly was for-
med} he would alfo publiquely declare for them. This had a pc-
ftilent influence on the weaker fort , and gave the dif-affedc4
among them , an opportunity to work much mifchief among the
people ; For neither the Declarations of Montaubati and Co.'
j?>*fi', nor the convening of a general Affcmbly wrought any
change^at all in him 3 who. continued ftill an enemy to the Re-
'^ ■ ■ -' • • • ....... formed
Book IV. The CMerMolres of the Duke of Rohan. 1 5 j
formed Party/, And dlfpatches alfo ViUemade to Momauhan to
inform them of the caufe of his return ? to perfwade them ro de-
clare? and to command the Soiildicry 5 but in fubordinatlon to
theConfuIs: Butthislaft propofitlon fpoyled all the reftj »»
mxit being efieewed a Prophet in his ervn Coimtrey^ To that they
refolved o aflure thcmfelvesof aGovernour before they would en^
gage in the War.
After this the Duke returns x.o\szriiSi\\QScvmes ^ and when
he came to Vtgan^ received Yery urgent dlfpatches from Vivn-
ret^i with intelligence xhztBnfon. had quitted all the higher Vi"
varef^^ upon the approach of the Prince oi Cond^ (^although
for want of Canon > he was not in a capacity to force the moil
inconfiderable Fott there ) who had burnt and pillaged that poor
Countrey ; and that? if they had not fpeedy relief, it was to be
fjaredthat Privas, and the lower ^iz/ai:^t\ , vv'ould make their
peace 5 to which Brifon. earneftly incited them j but upon notice
of the Duke^sreturn 3 andthathe was coming inperfon to their
relief , they re-affumed their courages , and maugre all Brifon's
diflvvafions, refolved to ftand upon their guards which obliged
the Prince to pafs into the lowtr L^ngicc doc ', whither whcE the
Duke alfo came, he met with fome Souldiers of N^fmes , who
had feized the Caftlc of J^auvert , which he caufed them to quit,
upon the advance of the Prince , who feemed to have an intenti-
on to befiege it ; imwilling to give him any cccajfion to ftop
there j" knowing that his orders were to pafs into the higher Lan'
gi^cdgc i and that his ftay would prejudice adefign he had upon
the Cizaddo^ A'iontpeUiery which Brctigny David , for fix
months together, had managed with the Baron de Mejlay ,
his Kinfman 5 and imtimate friend ; and eldefl: Captaine 06
the Regiment of 'Normandy , then in Garifon in Mont-
pellier.
Now, forafmmch as upon the arrival of de Foffe, the Regi-
ments of Normmdy and Picardy wereto be drawn out of the
' Town 3 and others to be placed there in their rooms ; Mejlay
who had there nrarricd one of the Religion , feemed much dis-
contented at this alteration ; and that he had not left his own
to embrace the Reformed Party : Brctigny ^ on the other fide,
^ho very well knew his ambition^ cherifhes hith in this humour,
and at length tells him , that if he could contrive a way to
make himfelf Mafter of Montpellier, it would be then in his own
power to make himfelf fatisfaftlon , and that withal he would
be received into a Party, from which, by that means, he might
obtaine whatever his own wifhes could fuggeft to his Hopes.
The other liftcns to biim^ and demands time to consider both of
i : the
T^6 The (^iemoires of the Bake of Rohin» Book IV
ehc thing , and the means to effe.*^ it 3 and both together con-
trived expedients for mutual Incerviews ? and conveying intcUi-
l^ence , without fufpitioji, one to the other. Not long after he
cells him he was now refolvcd to undertake the buCn^-isj Treats
with him concerning the advantages and conditions he ex.>e<^cd
firomthe Reformed Party j and Ihews him the way he had to
make himfelf Matter of the Citadel J to wit, chat being en the
Guard every fourth day with his own Company? he could, /ith
much eafe , let in as many as he pleafed into it : That for aflu-
rance of his fidelity he would give his Wife in hoftage; and when
the dcfi8;n was to be put in execution he would advance an hundred
|)aces f.omthe Citadel towards B/Ct.'^Wj'? to yield himfelf up into
bis hands.
When all thefe things were communicated to the Duke of
lRoha.it y he very well liked of them, for that the two fines of
Communication , which conjoyned the Town with the Citadel,
being made, and the Town Wall that fepai atcd rhcm razed, as
they were now at work upon it, the Town would not be able to
defend It felf; but withal he declared that he would nt^ver at-
tempt this defign , till that Wall were down, or, at leaft, great
breaches were made in it , that fo one and the fame adlion might
put them in poflefljon both of Town and Citadel. The defign
thus concluded on, the Duke 3 for fome dayes ? deferrcs his
march: But feeing they proceeded too flowly in raifirg the
Walls , he departs, and advancing a little way from Koque- ~
0/i!>'^e to pafs into Fo^AT 5 Mejlay fends B/'f?ip;^J' word ? that the
sifaire was now in a very goodpofturej and that it was necefla-
ry itfhould be put in execution, before the Garifon in the Ci-
tadel was changed j Whereupon he is difpatched into the Sf-
venes y and the lower LangucdoCi with all neceffary inftrudions
tending to the executing of the defign, and an exprcfs charge
particLtlarly to impart iz to Mon.tr c don , and to none elfe: But
all was delayed till the arrival of the Duke of Kohait^ to whom
they then made new Ptopolitions , that, at the fame time the
Citadel ftiould be attempted without , he (hould ftorm the Town
with two thoufand Men , and alfo fcale the Walls of Communi-
caciortj allcdging, that when they fhould be Mafters of the Ci-
itadel 5 the time they muft have to pafs three or four thoufand
Men, through one gate > v*'Ould give the Town too much leafure
c« arm themfelves. This made him fome/. hat more cold in the
bufinefs, and gave him great fufpicions of the treachery inten-
ded J whereupon he continued firm in his former refolution i in
fomuch as ^ret'^gny complained that he found him fo refradory
|ft a bufinefs able co revive their drooping Party : But he de-
Book IV. ThMewoJresoftheDfikeofKchm. i^y
monftratcd to h im the danger of this laft propofal, and that bcii^
once Maft^T of the Citadel, nothing could hinder his taking q£
the Tc\vn alio.
While the Prince of Condi was upon his March towards the
higher Langudoc, the Duke of Kohan Rallies hia Forces, ap-
pointing the Rendez-vous to be on the 19th. oi ^muary a little
above Cl.irct, five leagues fiom Mo'iUptUw ; where about two
of the clock in the Afternoon, there met fix thoufand lighting
men : Thence he fent a party ot Horfe to advance before the reft
of the Army, as far as the Bridge of Salefon, which is about a
league from Hon-tptllur^ to intercept all fuch as might give any
notice of his approach: And then commands B.eiigny, chief ci
the enterprifc) tomach with the Van, coniifting of fifecn hun-
dred Men, and diviued iniodx Squadrons; the three firft were
compoled each one of thiity aimed men, called out ^f the Vo-
luurje.Sj and out of the befl of the Cavalry? with Halberds and
Pjftoisi and of fourfcore others, half-Fikcs; half Mufquiticrs ;
every ten arm-dMen had theii Officer, and carried with thera
Pctaides , and Ladders , to force the Court of Guard in the
Cicadelj andtwogrea Forks to keep up the Portcullis ; the o-
thcr three Troops were compofcd of four hundred men, each
one; and vvereordeiedforaReferveto the other: After thefc,
marched the Duke with his Men at Armes, followed by all the
ocher Sq adrons, the bigg tft of which confilled not of above
four? or five hundred men. When they came to the Britige c£
Salefon, they found there theBaxon d^ Mcfay*& Man, who af-
{ured Bretigny that all went well ; whereupon, leaving all thek
Baggage on the oiher fide of the Bridge of Sulefo?z, with a hun-
dred Souldiers ©nly to guard it, they advance as far as the Bridge
called ^nvenali which is about a Canon fhot from Montpdller z
Brctigny, by a bold Souldiers gives notice of his arrival to his
Coufinj who fo well knew how to fool him, that he- returned with.
as affiirance that all was well, and in a good condition? and that
there was no difficulty in the matcer : Whereupon he proceeds,
• not minding at all what had been fo often rtcommendcd to him ,
not to enter the place untill Mifluy was come forth to him? and
Had put himfilf into his hands j bui his impatient defire to execute
fo brave a defigu, animates him, without this precaution? to enter
the Citadel with fix or fevcn and thirty menj thoie within noc
daring to let any more come in : For as foon? as. they Taw them
plant their Forks to fiipportthe Poitculljs? they cut a cord , by
which means the Bridge was drawn up, and a Trau-doo: openedj
whence moft of thofe that were gort^n in,fell down into a Tr< nch,
«f\'h?r5 they were all harcjue-bufieredp the MufquuiCis at the lame
time
J58 ThcLMemoires of the Bake o/Rohan. Book ly.
time playing on thofe without j Montredon, who in Bret'fgny'g
abfence was to comaiand, and had received a chai ge to be at the
Gate, and fee them all enter in good order, drew off the Troops>
and gave the Duke notice of their fuccefs, who had drawn uphis
whole Body inBattaila on the right? and left hand of the great
Road-way, which he had left open for the retreat of thofe of the
Van y who when they were all pafled, he returned to the Bridge of
Salefo't, where making an Halt, he Rallied his Men, and then
^rew off into the Plains between Mofitpellier, and Lim?l^ quar-
tering his Men in the befl Villages thereabouts ; not any one ilir-
ringoutof Mofitpellier topurfuehim, orobferve his March. The
next day he gave leave to the Troops, that came from the 5"^-
'DC^es to depart ; and marched with thofe of the lower Laftgue^
doCy to ScLint Gillesy where he thought to have mide an attempt
upon that Garrifrn, but the violence of the cold forced him to
fend his Men into quarters.
Thiswasthe iffueof that enterprife, mwihiChBmigny^2.r\i.
Risbrother were flain, with about twenty others, and fixtecn or
fevcnteen more were taken prifoners. f^,
This Winter was the Duke of Rohxri hardly preffed both in
the upper Langucdoc, and in i^ivnr-2t-\}, in the former of which
was the Prince of Con.ds i who whirfl he prepared to invade the
Province by open force , endeavoured alfo by fecret praftices to
undermine the conftancy of thofe Towns that had declared for
the Refo. med Party ; fo that the Duke of RofJcins prcfcncc there,
with his Forces, was abfolutely ncceffary ; And on the other fide
Vivaref^i fince the Prince his March through it, was in a mifc-
rable condition J the higher VivarefK^ being loft, with all that
the Dukt held upon the Rhone: And befides all thi.s, the Dul^e
of Vemadour in his Seigniories, and ikf^/T^a/'^Yiffj inihofche held
in right of his Wife, ufed extream cruelties) and violences a-
gainft thofe of the Religion, feizingon their Eftates, torturing
their Bodies with Whips, and Baftinadoes , driving them to
Maffes fo that there came thence, to the Duke, frequent dif- |
patches? and Deputies, one upon the heels of another, to im-
plore his prcfcnce, and the afliftancc of his Forces, to reftore
them to their liberty, which otherwife they fkould be inforced to
purchafeat any rare j confidering alfo the divifions between all
the Nobility of that Countrey, and 35/^/o«; affuring him
alfo that they had taken care for the quartering of his
Troops, as long as their neceffity {hould require their {lay
there.
Therejhappened yet another accidenrjwhich much obftruf^-
cd this Voyage j C9 wita the unexpcfted death of Brifm^ which
Book IV. The Memoir es of the JDnks, of V<ohtn, i^P
much enlarged the former dlvifions ; for if theNobillry refufed
tofubmitto Biifofi, who had been already twice Goveinour of
the Province? much more would they oppofe his brrthcr Chtv"
ride Si a young man, of fmall experience? and far ihort of his
brothers condud to govern the Province: On the other fide the
-fad ion of Bnfon^ which was the mcfl prevalent in Vrhas^ and
Viivits the moft confiderable place of all yiv.rrelT^i chofc Chev-
iilles for their Governour ; for that, being confcious of his
weaknefs) they thought to rule all more abfolutely, than under
his brother, and to allow him what part they pleafed, in the ad-
min iflr at ion of the Affairs; To which mufl be added, that the
Province of the lower Langnedoc, which was to advance the Lea-
vy-money, being highly intereflVd in the prefervation of f^iva-
nt"^ and blocking up the Khone y it being a River that with
great facility and fpeed could convey all forts of Arras, and Am-
munition to the enemy, preferred this defign, before that of the
hightr Langnedoc-y for which place Kohafi had raifed two Re-
giments, of five hundred Men apiece, which was allthey defired,
in cafe he could not come himfelf in perfon ; But the untoward
humour of Vmcon^ to fay no worfc, much retarded this relief j
for being defigned for that expedition? after he had promifed to
go, and for that reafon had received more Advance-money than
was ufually allowed j he endeavoured to corrupt his Captains ,
that fo he might rejeft his merited blame on them ; but being noc
able to prevail on more ihan one, he was at length conflrained to
declare openly that he would noc go at all; fo that the Duke
could fead but eight of thofe Companies with Caumette-Cham-'
baud, who commanded the other Regiment : But by reafon of
thefe difficulties, protraftions, and the artifices ufed by Faucoft
to withdraw both Officer, and Souldier from this Voyage, thofe
^ eight Companies could never amount to more than eight hundred
men in the whole- The Duke thereupon caufed Faucoti to be
fecurcd, and tryed at a Councel of War, where he found more
favour, thanjuftice. 'Tis ene of the greateft calamities that
attend the Generals of Parties poor, and compofed of Volunta-
ries only, that they have no capacity either to reward the Noble,
or punilh degenerous and unworthy adions.
But to return to the Voyage of VivaY€t\ : The Duke of Ro-'
ban raifes four thoufand Foot, and about two hundred Horfer
Bucbefore he began his March thither, difmantles Saint Gcnieri^f
and other fmall places upon the River Gardm, within theDio-
cefsof yfc^^, left the KomaniftSy in his abftnce, fliould poflefs
themfelvcs of them? and by fmall Garrifons take eft the contri-
> feujionof all that Country which was full ©f good Towns j and
» ■ prejudiGG
i5o The Memolres of the Dfike ofKohzn. Book IV.
prejudice the paflage from the lower Langiiedoc to the Sevenes z
Andthen engages the aforefaid Provinces in a refolution not to
hearken to any particular Treaty, but to communicate all occur-
rences ro him, as on his iide, he promifed the like, and never to
confent to any without the privity ©f them> all the other Previn-
ces, KocbellCy and the King of Efiglnfid,
When he had taken this courfe, he comes about the begln-
niag of March, with all his Forces to Alct-\y vvhere he was fol-
Lciced f evento afcdition j by the Inhabitants, to employ hl$
Forces in taking in of Vi7^n9bre, and Monts^tK^o Garrifons that
incommoded them 5 but having cleared himfelf of this impor-
tunity, he advanced. Hisfirft work wastofecure the Callle of
Kou-JJoa, lying between ^^ff^, and S.ti/it Amhro'ix j and after-
wards, in his March, takes in Thar que, and Saint ^ohn de M^rne
/d/.r,two places belong ing'^to the Marquefs deVortes, which, yielded
at fight of his Canon j the latter of thefe hedlfmintled,but not
the former, being but a fmall Caftle,andthe ufual refidence of
the faid MarqueU : Havmg cleared his way as far as Ba/ iac jUnd
being now upon the Confines of y:vJ.ret'^^ he thought it necelfa-
ry to fecure a Pafs upon the Rivet A d"chz,{oz the advantage both
of his advance and return. To this end he befieged the Caftle
o^ Salvos, fituateon that River, which he blocked up with part
of hisFoces, whiles the other part, under the command oi An.
bals, paired the River? both for the convenience of quarters, and
provifions, as alfo that at the fame time he might block up the
Caftle of Valon alfo : The Siege of Salvos laftcd five dayes ,
for that the Canon, and other neceflarics, to force it fuddenly,
were not yet come up 5 fo that they contented themfelves with
breaking lome of their Out-works, and then had recourfc to two
Mines v.'hich they fprung, and to good cffcd too 3 the bafe Court
being taken, the (.^arrifon retreated to the Tower, which was
ftormed on every nde : Thofe within behaved themfelves brave-
ly, killed and wounded maay of the Aflailancs, and among o-
thers, the Colonel Gondin. was hurt; but the Canon came upy
and did fuch execution on them, that they were conftrained to
yield the next day after the ailault.
Their example drew the Tower de Moullns, and the Caftle
of Valon. alfo to a iubm.ftion ; The Duke caufed the two Caftles
to be razed, preferving only the Tower of Moullns^ which of it
felf was ftrong, and tenable by a fraall Garrifon. To fecure
this pafs, and clear all the way of VivaretT^ there remained
only Villz-nenfve de Bjrg, where the Governour Montreal had
gotten together twelve hundred men ; but not withftanding that,
the Duke was refolYcda haditbeenpofllblea to attempt it j tha.t
Book IV. The CMemoiresoftheBtikeofKohxn. i^t
fo he might not leave any thorns behinde him: But he wanted
Ammunition, having fpent his fmall flore at the Siege of Salvos ;
where the fcarcity of provifions, and the nearnefs of feme of his
men to their own homes, had much diminilhcd his Forces ; and,
which was worfe, fo little care had the Province taken in it, thac
there was nothing for them about J^iUe-nc/tfvCy fo that he was
fain to leave his Canon at Gorce, and for conreniency of quar-
ters, to March with all his Troops to PrivaSi the Countrey ha-
ving not had the leaft thought of any thing, but how to retort
the blame of their want of Provifions one upon another , fo that
he had much ado to keep together thofe Souldiers he had left.
The firft exploit after his arrival in the Province of FivAret-^
was the Siege of Choumerarg^ performed by Chevrillcs, and the
Country Troops, whirft his own refrefhed themfelves ; it bfled
three dayes, and then their Works being Jill battered? the place
was yielded on the fecond of ^pYJL
The Duke of Koh.m's deftgns in J^ivarci'^, were to place a
Governour,and to compofe all the divifions there ; but principal-
ly to fecure a good pafs upon the Kf^one, both to draw the Tribute
of the River to himfelf, and to facilitate the March of thofe For-
ces which the Duke of Savny had promlfed him : For which end
fome propofcd to him Sojo/t , others lit Voute , others Bajey^
and Vohfvt', the inconvenience of tlve fiifl: wasits fituation,being
in the higher V'lvaretTj and fo remote from Privas , that it
Could not be cafily removed from thence ; that of the fecond w as,
that it was a place belonging to the Duke of Merita do J^r, and being
of it felf weak, and not capable to be made good, would diain
Privas of all its Ammunition, andconfequently draw an affront
Upon that place, which would ruine his reputation, both with the
ad verfe Party, and his own too: Wherefore he pitches on the
latter? and begins with Pdnfjiy which when Br!fo?t gave it up,
was difmantled i but, to prevent our re-pcffeffing of it, theene-
le
my had fortified a fmall Tower in the Caftle, and raifed a litth
Triangular Fort upon the Rivers fide ; he commanded Au-bxis by
nIght,to poffefs himfelf of that part of the Suburbs which lies to-^
wards Lnuport j and L equ-es at the fame time to enter the T-^wn :
In the mean time he drew his Canon, whereupon- the Fd-t was
given up; but chiefly for that Lcqucs had already taken the
Tower, and from the advantages of it, and the Caftle, played fo
furioufly into the Fort? that none durft flir to ihew himfelf
in it.
cy-unlles with the Forces of the Province? at the Tarns
time bcfieges and takes Sa'mt Auban^ which obftrucled the paf-
fagc frQiu jfri?^ to Pohfin.^ and MalmQlrac was coramanded
iSi The Alemoirfs of the Duke ^/Rohan. Book lV»
to poflefs xhimieif of the Town of Bajssy to fecure it withBar-
ricadoeSj and fcize on aii the Boaci in the Port, vhich he happi-
ly cfF.'cled : This done? Aubais received command to attempt the
two Caflks of Ba^cSy ivhich after tkeir dlfmantling, had been
ag? in repaired j but upon the approach of the Canon, yielded:
Which donc) the Duke caking iRto his con/id eration the fituation
of both places? conceived that of Von fin to be the moft conve-
nient, both for the facility of be ins; fortified, and the advantage
it had to command the River ; thither then he commanded to be
brought all the Boats, and fent Ltqacs with twelve hundred men
into Dauphinc, which brought fo great aterrour on them? that
many Towns fent him in voluntary conti ibucions of Corn, Mea!,
and Bread, which wis a gr-^at relief to his men , whom the
avarice, and difaffedlon of Vrivas had expofed to great extre-
mities 5 and, that he might lofc no time, fcts about theFortifi-
cations,*to which the Countrey ccntribatcd fo little, that he was
fain to make Colleftions among his own Officers to pay the Soul-
diers that wrought in them.
The Duke, during his abode here, follicitcs thofc of the
Religion in D.uiph'rde to joyn with him y but in vain, the Count
of Soijfon.s amufing them with hopes that he would fhortly appear
himfelf in the head of themj whereupon he fent che Count fome
overtures to joyn with him, with four thousand Foot, and three
hundred Hcrfe, in any part of Daf^phine^ he ihould pleafe to ap-
point ; and that if he would bring but as many, he would engage
h'mfelf in a ihort time to make him Mafler of the greateft part of
Diiiphiite-^hux. he had no other return than empty words^and com-
plementary thanks, which made him think that the Count had
rather make an inglorious peace with thofe he declared to be his
enemies, than engage in an honourable War againfl; them.
Whirfl hv flayed at Poufri, he alfo received intelligence
from the Duke of Soubi^eby Carl'mcaSi that the Fleet defigncd
to bring the Corn to Rochelle, would be there towards the latter
end of May j bur. the ether, from which they cxpcded their en-
tire deliverance, not till after the Harveft. Chevrilles^ who favv
• the flreights the Duke of Koh.vi's Forces were in; fo: wantof pro-
•vifions, propofes him to an attempt upon ChdUid^ a fmall
Tov/n> belonging to the Duke of Ventadour^ and feated upon the
Confines or i^ellay, It has large Suburbs? and a Caflle, that
commands them :.All the Inhabitants of this, and the neigh-|
bouring places, are of the Religion, and till now had been fe-
verely perfecuted by their Lord, even in times of peace j in order I
to the efFeding of this defign, he demands of him two Regi- j
fti^nts^ which were granted him: The Town he took with Pc-i
tardes^
BooVIV. The (Ji^emolresoftheDHkefRohxnl \6^
tardcs, and wich the two aforeHiid Regiments invefled a Caftle,
called La Che\e whic'i is about a Canon-llioi: diftant from Chei-
Urd , and upon the fight ot two Faucons that v/ere drawn up'^tp
it, was£^lvenup3 with thefe Giinncs he begins to play upon
the Works of the Caftle of Cheilard-^ but the Pieces being npc
fufficient for Battery, he was fain to fend to Pavas for Tome
bigger. . ,^
During this Siege, the Duke had intelligence from all parts,
of the Duke of 3/otfWo/T^c/s arrival in the higher Langnedoc ^
who raifcd all the Forces he could to fct upon him in his Marchcs>
or to cut off his paifage by taking B.trjac : This newes made him
refolve? no longer to defer his return ; wherefore he writes to
ChivriUeSy that in cafe the Cafllc of Chcilard was not taken by
a dayj which he prefixed, he fhould fend back the two Regiments;
which foquickned his diligence in the enterprife, that the place
was taken within the time limited him : And the DtiJ^e having gi-^
ven order for the razing of ail the places he had taken, ^:ii.CQpt
Toufi/i'y and left Chevrillcs in a firm poiTcfiion of his Govern^
mcnt, fets out from Vrivas upon Eaftcr day, and encamps thac
night below Mirdhel'y and as he was marching th:ncf. the nexc
Morningby break of day, Auhais^ that led the Van, informed
him that the enemy appeared, both Hoife and Foot? about Saint
Gcr«2^i^z, a large Town, indifferently well fortifi;.^d5 and diftanc
about a quarter of a league from yUle-tieufve ; whence they al-
fo drew outfrelTi Souldiers : They were all the forces that Vtn."
tadour and Montreall could make in that Countrey, which,
alarmed not the Duke at all, while he was employed about thofe
fmall Sieges. They made choice of that place? as the moft ad-
vantageous for them, the paflfage being ftrait, and the Dukes For-^
cesof neceflity to pafs within aMufquetfhot of rheTown? the
paflages co which^were very commodious to lodge Mufquetiers in "
But the Duke of Montmoren-cy, being half a dayes iMarch fhorc
of them? they only made a little skirmifl:i, which made the Duke
of Kohan defirous to purfue them, and force the Towns which
he might have done, but was happily difTwaded from it, left the
Duke of Montmorency with hisfrefh Forces fhould furprize him,
while he was engaged, which would certainly have happened ; •
for he came to ViUe^neafve about two houres after they had got--
ten over the pafs, which was done with very good condud and
r order ; in this Rencontre there were fome flain, and wounded on
both fides : After this no enemy appeared ; but the Duke when
he came to Gorce, took his Canon, which he drew back to. /4«-
dii-^y where he gave bis Troops fome refrefhoienta which they ve-
ry DJUch wanted. ? : . ,
1^4 T'^^ LMeweiresof the Dtiks of Rohan Book IV.
Mean while the Prince of CoifiS and the Duke of Mont mo-
YcKcy joining their Forces take' the field 5 and march into Foix
to attempt Vamie\y a great Townj but of no ftrcngth : The ill
deftiny of Beaufort impelled him to a rcfolurion of defending it i
to which end he calls in all his own , and moft of the Forces of
theCouncreyj but, a breach being made, their confufion was
too great to give them leave to think of any fuither rcfiftance;
thofe that were falfe among them? ufing all means to augment
the others fear : Beaufort" feeing this diforder , endeavoured to
- fave himfelf by flight , together with Anras , but they were both
taken, ctivrlzd to Thonloiifc , and there put to death : Thetotvn
was pillaged, and all manner of licentious cruelties imaginable
from Souldiers under fuch a Commander , were exercifcd in it :
The taking of this Toun much difmayed the whole Countrcy ,
where no place efcaped the attempts cither of threats, or promi-
fes; but the courage and fidelity of Ko/z/JeZ/r/f, whom the Duke
G^ Rohan hadmade Governourof Savcrdun, together with hi«
. fedulous induftry to encourage others preferved the Province j an<i
the Prince marched back} with his Army , into the upper ^^n-
giiedoc : Then was the Duke of Mon-tmoretuy fain to return to
Vivxret\iio the afTiflance of his Partifans there ; and the Duke of
Rohan was with no lefs inftances foUicited by the higher Lajtgue-
doCjta the fame purpofc.
Tlae Fpncehisfii-ft exploit was the Siege of Realmom , a
Townwhofe fituationrendred it very confiderable j well ftored
with S'ouldiers , and all forts of Pfoviiions , and which might
have held out much longer s and very well expcded the relief
preparing for it : Butneither did he begin the fiege, till he had
Treated with Maugis who was Governour of it j who, having
corrupted the firft Conful , the Colonel Chanmette , and his
Sergeant Major, and made fomefhew of oppofition for ten or
twelve dayes, without any breach made , or confulting with his
Captains, or the people, contrary to the Oaths they were mu-
tually engaged in , at the enemies fiift coming before it j not fo
much as to make the leafl mention of furrendring? enters into
a Capitulation 5 fignesit, and prefents it to the Town ; whore-
fufmgto approve of it, he lets in the Befiegers at a Pert, which
was at his own devotion , whiles the rell were every one at their
refpeftive pods ; fo that great was the confufion there , and
though by the Capitulation the Defendants ought to have mar-
ched off with their armcs, yet was that violated , and they dif-
armed. Sigalon, ai^dHuguet, two o( chaumett's Capialns, wkh
fume other honefl Inhabitants of the place ^ maintained a Jd/Ji-
«»^ rcfolwiely declaring to jhe World, thatthcyhad rather dye
Book IV. The C^(em9lresoftheDukeof'R.o\iVC\] x6^
than quit their armes, which they carryed off, and wirh them a$
much honour due to their bravery, as the others did infamy, me-
rited by their bafencfs. Great were the miferies of this poor *■
Town , whence Men, and Women ftript , and without any o-
ther covering than cheir difchevelledhaire , came to Roque^
Cuurbe-^ where Sam Germicr , and// Espi^guet , who had the
condud of the affairs of chofe of the Reformed Party in thofe
parts, by means of the Correfuondents they had in C^y?r(?5-, made
ufe of this Barbarifm:to provoke the people to an Infurre(flion >
which had fo profperous an event , chat notwithftanding^he-. op-
poficion of the Prefident Momcspicii , of the Advocate Gene-
ral , the Confuls , and their adherents, the Walls were fcaled ,
and the Town without the etfufion of any blood taken , and the
Prefident, and the Advocate baniflied thence. Chdvagnac at the
fame time came very opportunely Inro the Countrey, fent thither
by the Duke of Rohan to command in . chief there , where
he was received J and, even in Caftics it felf , with an univcrfal
Joy-
For befides thedeliaht all Novekles ufually bring with them,
the prefenc ftate of affaires required a Governour ; otherwjfe
the Prince had carried all the Mountain of Albigcois before him;
whereas now the greatefl mifchief fuifered there was the lofs of
Came ^ which the Mai quefs o'l Malaii'7^ caufed to be delivered
up to him , in which place, contrary to his promife , lie left a
Garifon : After this he made an cfer at Ki.m^ , blocked it up,
and raifed a bactc-ry againft it ; but feeing that neither his
threats nor promlf>:s made any impreiTlon on the 'Befieged , and
that the Governour E/c/o/i^A: , and ■^Jfasy whom the Duke of Ko-
had hadfenc thither with four hundi'ed men , feeraed to be fuch
as would give him a fmart oppciition , he raifed his iiege ; and
thence goes to attempt Caftelnaii and Brajfac , places of no
flrcngch , but furprlfeable even by unarmed men; Neverthe"
lefs the former gave him the trouble to draw down his Canon ,
where the obftinacy of fome,occa(ioned the lofs of forty or fi^^y
good Souldiers 5 who chofe rather to fiibmic to all extremickn
than to obferve the Orders given them by C/?i^'Jg;2.^^, todravvolT
as foon as they faw the Enemies Canon, which they might h .v::
eafilydone: This done, the Prince, not daring any more to
look towards Vi^ne , fends Unas to Saint Sever , a place of
which he himfelf was Lord, to pcrfwade the Inhabitants to fub-
rait before he drew down his Canon i but feeing how ineffcdual
all his perf .yafions proved, he flayes therewith them; wheipj
after they had endured many Volleys of Canon fliot, themfelvcs
9;>a4s a bteagh in the Wall , and efcaped by night. Thence he
M3 SOCS
1 66 The tjllewcfires of the T^uke o/Rehan, Book IV.
goes to a Conference with the Duke d" Ej^^rnon^it which they rc-
iolved on the Siege o^Sdim ^1f iqaC'
But before v/e pafs into t]ic higher Lrngiicdoc 3 it will be ex-
pedient that, we fpcak a word or t\\ o of Montdiibnn. : Th;s Towns
though it was then governed by Ccnfiils, and other 'Mag^ftrates
that were great Enemies to the Reformed Parry , had neverthe-
kfs great inclinations to joynwich them: This, the Duke of 1?0-
hati himfelt atfiifthindred, being not willing they fliould de-
clare before he came to them 5 and when after his reciirn from the
voyage oftf'</b; ? he dcfired them fo to cioj norhing obftrU(5tcd it,
but their want of a Governour : Whereupon the beft part of
the To/, ncafline; their eyes upon S/7?;^t Wchcl , a younger bro-
ther of La Koch? ChahiU , and of Kin to the Duke q{ Kobam
who applauded their choice, they received him into their Town
Sihoiit May , and there, after thar de. B'.rgues , and Saint Foy,
through many difficulties , nnd great dangers ? had conduced
thither > from the lower Cuicnne , fourfcore , or an hundred
riox{z y zn^Vuim a Company of Foot ? and that he had alt
his necefl'ary Provifions ready •> on the four and twentieth day of
^I'ltc, they put him in poflefllon of his Command. The firfl;
thing he did , was to order all things in a Militiary way ; raifing
a Regiment compofed of Voluntiersjfuch as had Afyledthemfclves
tliere ; and iniollins alfo in the cflabliflimenCjthofe Horfe that de
$~rguei had brought thither.
But belore he Could well? fettle himfelf in his authority he mec
wltli many rubbs , havixig for enemies, not only thpfe th it were
of a contrary Party , but, even among his own ? many rivals for
the place , Vv'ho under-hand did him many ill Offices : Some of
thefe he furmounted by prudence and diffimulation; and to o-
thers he was fam to apply open force ? and the extremity of r"gor:
The moft eminent example of which, was cccafioned by three
young SouldicrS) Natives of the Town , whofc names were Car^
tie , La. To cft-y and Brcte , \^\\o difgufledat a denial of fome
. Offiresthey fuedfor 5 or elf^ fct on by Tome others, envious of
his honour , entred into a conf^uracy againfl his perfon , and to
compafs their deiiffn makea Party in the Town, to which t!iey
drew in many Gjddy braincs , and among them fome ot quality 3
as the fonnes of the -idyocate Clerl^ , and the Counfellour de it
Kofe ^ which gave greater fufpitions that this bufinefs was fo-
mented by other pcrfons , who, though they appeared not at all ■
in it , yet were they the principal Agents, Th e pretence of this
conjuration was the publique liberty, bv which means, having'
railed many of the people, they Oiew ijhemfelves in the head 06
them, with their Swords and Piftols in i;hei»: hands y an<t in that
Book IV. The tjiiemolres eftheD^ke of Rohan, i6y
cquipag;c march to che Govcrnours quarters , crying out Uber"
iy y Liberty \ and that it was high time to rid thcmfelvts of thofe
that opprefled it : When they came near to his door, they were
flopped by fbmc of his guard , who To gallantly behaved them-
felves in the defence of it, that they killed five or fix of the Mu-
rinlers, and among others Cleri^, and La Roff'e : The tumulc
fpreading it felf in the Town , the Confuls, with a great num-
ber of the Inhabiranrs, haftd down to the Governours ; to whom
when Saint Michel had recounted the Aftion , and juftlfied the
procedure of his Souldiers , all were well fatisfiedj and the Coh-
fuls caufing the faid Cartie, La Forefl , and Brete , Authours of
the fedition to be apprehended , they were tryed , and condem-
ned by the Council of Warrc , which in favour of their re-
larlons in the To.vn, i;iftead of hanging, caufed them to be (hot to
death.
Sai?it M'chc!, whom this example of Juflice had now fixed
in his authority, thinks of enlarging his quarters j and conceiving
himfelf ftrong enough in Souldiers 3 by reafon of thofe that were
Hed thither for flieltsr > he undertook to put the Town of C/iafade
in a poHiure of defence ; and hav"ng put ChastiUm a Gentleman
o: Angonlmois with eight hundred good men into it , he ufed
fuch diligence in his fortifications) that in a very fhort fpacc
theplace was made tenable 5 This the Prince, and the Duke 4*
Efp/,nrn, had intended to beficge , bur wcredivertddby the Sie^e
of Crcfeil, which drew away the Prince with his Forces 3 fo that
the Duke d' EJpsrm'/?. was unwilling • to engage alone in the
Siege, but endeavoured to contrive fome intelligences? and cor-
refpondencies within, that might help him to furprize it, in
which even the MInifter of that Church , whofe name was Le
Grand y who had deferred it in the very beginning of the trou-
bles, washisgreat AfTiflant, informing Him cf the coisdition
of the Town 3 and p^rfwadlng him, as much as in him lay? to at-
tempt it •, but findinghisdefignnotfeifible that way, he conten-
ted himfelf only with an aflault , which he caufed to be made on
the out-works, where he was fo generoufly received) thatjleaving
many dead upon the place > and fome Garifonsin the adjacent
Tovvns,he drew away again.
But return we now to the Duke of Rohan, who, from the be-
ginning of the Siege of Kealmon.t , was extreamly importuned tg, •
relieve it, for which he was diligently preparing himfelf^ but after
it was taken, hewasaseaineftly follicitedto march towards the
higher LangueddC , fo that there pafTed not a week in which he
received not two or three difpatches, tothateffcd: On che o**
|hcr fide he foundhe ihould have much ado to gaixie his Soul-
- W ^. 4.iers,
1 di S The Memoir es of the Vh^ «/Rohan^. Book IV,
ijicrs confent to it j for that their late Tuffcrings in VivavCl\g2iVz
themj:aurc to fear the) iTiould meet with no better entertain-
ment in thisVoyap,c ; fo that to allure them to it, he refolves
onadcfign w^on MWvcis ^ a place upon the Borders of Koucy-
giie y ftrong, and of great concernment to the Sevtncs 5 where
he knew all the Coumrcy would come In to him ; alTurmg him-
feJf withal , that, whatever his fuccefs (hould be in the at-^
tempt , having by this means drawn his men half wa)^ >
he ihould with more facility perfwade them to adventure on the
refl. •
Wherefore he fends for k Pefquc , who firft moved this dc-
iign to him j and pcrfwadcd him , that in taking the Town , he
(hould alfo furprize the Captain of the Caftlcj and at one ftroke
carry both: He gave him Orders to take as many Souldiers as
lie thought hefllioiild have cccafion for 5 but at the time ap-
pointed tor the execution of it 5 fo violent and tempefluous was
the weather upon the Mountain de I* Ejpcrftort , the place of
Kendcz-vous j that many of the Souldiers ( though it was then
Summer ) died of the cold ; fo that they were faine to put it off
till another timej which gave the enemy fome jealoufie of their
intentions , and thofe in the Caflle leafure to furnilli themfelves
'with many necefl'aries, and efpecially to recruit their garifons
with Souldiers: Notwith-ftanding all which Le Fefque returnts
thither agaia within two dayes , and fixing four Petardes to it ,
carried the Town: But, inftead of prefently invefting the Ca-
ille J and fecuring the Corn for the nourifhmcnt of the Army ^
every one fell a pillaging, and in the mean time the Chevalier
C ham b our ^wkh fifty menjgot into it.
The Duke of Rohan in the mean time expefting the ifTue of
this dcf\oncLZ Nifmcs , gave Orders for the raifingof the Mili-
tia of iho Seven.: s i and principally of the two Regiments of Kic-
lefcure , and La Koquc ^ and fent away thofe of Lajfayre , and
Brermux y commanding them b\ feveral wayes to march towards
Mirveis , and , upon the firfl notice of the taking of the Town,
to inveft the Caftle ? and draw thither the fmall Canon that
vmsztVigan : He fent away alfo G(?/f/sii«'s Regiment to B.^ry^r,
which the Dukeof M{?«.^wo/T»cy hovered aboutj as if he had forac
defign upon it, with Orders alfojincafenecefiity fo required, to,
. march into Vivarct^.
This done, he receives advice of the taking of l^MrvtiSi and
the dlforders there committed : Whereupon he departs from
• }>fifm s, and Peering his ccurfe thitherward, fent Leques poft
before him to compofe and order all things there , When he
?amc to f^iga?; , he met wicli a difpatch from the higher Languc-.
Book IV. ThMex^oJresoftheDfikeof'Rohzn: i4^
doCy preffing him more inftandy than ever to haften thither,
otherwife the whole Countrey was in danger to be loft • where-
upon he fenc away Anbais with the Regiments oiSandics , Four^
niqiteti and Bimatti and three Troops of Horfe: When Le-
ques came to Mhveis j conceiving, that that Caftle was not toi
be forced by lb mean a Train of Artillery as they had there , he
commands the Canon to be drawn to mjoUs, to fecure a Caftle
ftandingupona pafsof great importance , which upon the ap-
proach of it pr cfentiy yielded.
After this, comes the Duke hlmfelf to Mirve/s , and being
of opinion with Leques that there was no taking of the Caftle
without a bigger piece of battery : Thofc that were at Millaud
werepropofed, as thencareft and moft eafie to be drawn thi-
ther : Thither then he goes with a fuilicicnt Convoy for theiii,
but found it abfolutely impoflible to bring them s wherefore he
commands Icqiies , by a Letter, to fend with all fpeed to Andw^e
for the Culvcrin o^ Nifmes j And in the interim determines to
go himfelf to Samt AfrlqtiC , upon report of the Siege of Vianei
which the Prince pretended to attempt ; but as he was ready to
fetout, he received a Letter from Leques , which informed
him, that upon a bruit fpr gad among the Troops at Uirveis
that he was going towards C^ftrcs , and that there was a great^
rcliei^ preparing for the Caftle, verymany of the Souldiershad
left their Colours , that the Inhabitants of the Town had fent
away their goods , and that unlefs his fudden return thither pre-
vented it, he would finde the Siege totally abandoned : This
made him face about with all fpeed ^ and findincr that the Let-
ter he had written to Leques was fallen into the enemies hands,
he fent another to AnduTe for the great Culverin ; and refol-
ved now to fee what would be the event of this Siege ; In order
to which he plants his Canon? and with them barters the Out-
works that he might the more eafily ( in cafe there ftiould be oc-
cafion for it ) come to mining ; and as he was giving Orders to
ftorm the Caftle- works the night following 5 there came Newcs
that there was a very confidcrablc Body forming for the relief ofc'
lAi'iveis 5 that all Lar'^ic and Roiiergue flocked in to them -
that there were twelve hundred diawn out of the Garifon of Mo»r'
pellier , and that from Be-T^iers and Gignac j were fent many
Souldiers alfoj and thattheirRendcz-vouswastobe at l^etros,
two Leagues diftant from Mirveis : In efl^eft the thing was ve-
ry true, and moreover the Baron P«^o/y , who commanded the
D\xkQoi Uo?imorencfs Life- Guard, was already come thither
with three hundred Horfe , to undertake the charge of the
fcvhole kM which confifted 9/ about two thoufand Foot : This
I JO The CMemoires of the Duks ^/ Rohan. Book IV«
nuide the Duke defci- the ftormlngof theCaille, that he might
piovidc to repel thcfc fuccoiirs i to which end he fpent all that
sight in cuttine; a.Trench acrofs the hiU,the only way they had
^to relieve the Caftle, and caufed his Canon to be drawn into a
Redout J the next rwornin^, the Majors General Leqiies and
J[j/^^/'^5 vifit all the quarters, caufe the Redout, and Trenches
»obe well-mtinncd, and Amaiunition tobe delivered out to the
Souldiers, and alfo give all necelfary inftiuftions to the Colo-
nels; the Duke of Roh,i?i himfelf ftayes intheParajic place with
Mantredon, the Voluntiers, two Troops of horfe-mcnj whom he
fead commanded tc alight, his own Guards, and Li Baiime^ with
tswo hundred of his own Regiment, that he might be ready upon
all occasions, to fend relief to thofe that Ihould need it; about
Noon the Scdutes give notice of the Komxm^s approach, and
fuddenly every one betakes him to his Poft, when prefently after
they (hew themfelves upon thetop of ahill,whence they fentdown
five hundred men in two divifions, which advanced boldly, and
m good order up to our very Canori) which gave them a very
fearlh faluce ; befides which? they faw the Trenches well florcd
with men? and on the right, and left hand, Regiments marching
up the Hill to environ them ; this put them upon as fudden and
nimble a retreat ; being followed with Vollies of Mufquet fhot >
Up to the top of the Hill, where prefently all difappeared, and by
the diforder was to be fcen among them,might bs rather conjedu-
red to ffie? tlian to retreat : The next day every one took his own
wayj and the Duke returned to the intended alTault; battering,
the night followingj ihcPrdl'fadoes of the Counterfcarfe , all
which were broken down ; and then drew up to the very GrafFc,
from whence he bear the Defendants off their Works ; who as he
was approaching to the WaU> beat a parley jwhich they obtained,
together with very honourable conditions .This Siege lafted three
weeks > and when the Caftle was delivered , there marched out
«nc hundred and thirty Souldiers^ that wanted neither Ammuni-
pn> nor provifion.
When the Prince had notice of tht reddition of MhveU y
:ind that the fifteen Companies drawn out of Hontpellier^ were
wpontheir March to joyn with him? he refolved with the Duke
J^ fpermn, upon the Siege of Saint Afrique ; which wheix
the Duke of Rohan was informed of, he would have gone to
htillaiid -y but- the next day, after the reddition of Mirvelsy dnd-
ing that he had no more than eight hundred men leftj the reft
being gone to refrefn themfelves, he was forced to go to f^igan-i
after he hid gotten an engtigement from them, that within ten
days they ftiould be all ready at ftnyR.ende2Vcus he (hould appoint
Ehem^
Book IV . Th CMemoires of the Duke of Rohan, fji
them,to go to the relief of 5^i»f Afiique;ht fenc difpatchcs alfo to
'H'ljmes^ and ?^/c^,from whence he received a very good recruit.
In this interval, the Duke of Kohan had notice of what
became of the fecond Fleer, which was difpatched from England^
tofupply Rocbelle with provifions, untill the greater, defigned
for its entire deliverance, could.be made ready. The ftory is
phis. The Duke of Soubi'^y feconded by the Deputies, and
Merchants of Rocklle that were then in England , urges the
King with fuchearneft and afTiduousimportunities^ that he re-
folved upon the viiflualllng of RochcUe; for which,when all things
were in a readinefs, the Duke ©f Biicl^ingham offered him the
commind'of the Fleet; but underftanding that there were
but five men of War defigned for their Convoy, and perceiving
by fo flender a provlfion of {hips of war? that he intended to
draw an affront, together with the whole blame of the RocbcUers
upon him , he refufes to accept it, but declared wkhall, that,if
he would go in perfon, he would be ready to accompany him ;
Upon this his refufah the Duke of Buckingham re-inforces the
Fleet with five great flilps more, and many other men of War;
and being railed to the number of feventy in alhon the 17th. day
of May, he fent them orders to hoife Sail, which they did under
the commmdof his brother-in-Law, the Earle of Dmbigh; foon
as the enemy defciyed them, they weigh Anchor, as if they in-
tended to advance, and fight them , but on the fudden tacked a-
bout again towards the fame place from whence they came. Brag^
neaii took a French Pinnice at Sablcnceau, where the Earle caii
, Anchor fo near the Shore, that he thence received a Canon- flioc
into his own fhip, which made him weigh Anchor again, and
with the whole Nlvy remove to ride at a greater diftance from
the enemies Canon. Many dayes were fpent in debates, and rc-
folutions never executed 3 fo that fome Merchants , that were
there, urged him to attempt either to fight, or pafs by theraj buc
his Captains fllffely maintained that it could not be done, with-
. out expofing the Englipj Forces to too great a hazard j only the
Vice-admiral^ and one Captain Carrey fhewed more forward-
nefs, and loudly exclaimed againfl the flacknefs of all the reft:
Whereupon the French that were then in the Fleet, to the num-
ber of two or three and twenty fhips, and Barques drew up
together, and feeing the backwardnefs of the others to refolvc
on any thing, come^in a Body to the Earle of Denbighy and pre-
fent him a Petition figned by them all, by which they befecched
him to grant them four Merchant-men fitted for a fight, three fire-
fhips, and Souldlers to guard thofe fhips that carried the proviii-
ons;, obliging themrdyes wich that c<juipage w gee into the town,
« and
lyz The Memolres of the DhI^ of 'Kohin. Book IV I
and promifing moreover, both In tkeir own, and the names of
the Rochellersy that in cafe any of thofe fliips raifcarrled in the
adventure, they fhould be payed for, according to a juft cftima-
cion of their value. Buc to all this they received no anfwer, but
evasions, and denials ; whereupon the French fent Gohert, to
the King of great Britain, with their complaints, and withall ,
to dilcovcr to him the facility of the palfage, and the ofFsirs they
had made: M;an while the Captain Vtd^M takes a fmallBoit,
and in it pafTes the B.iy by night, carrying to the befieged a let-
ter from Brag'i?aiiy which advifed them not to rely any longer on
Hopes of relief from the £»^/^/&jwho,at the fame time, without
any further atcem ic mide,welghed Anchor, fteering their courfe
home-wards : When they came to the Ifle of ivigbt, they cad
Anchor there, and thence fenttht:ir Apologies Into England be-
fore them, grounded upon the impoflribility of the enterprife, and
thetenourof their Commiflionj whofe moft fubftantial words,
and which imported a ;permi{Iion to fight, they pretended were
interlined, although it was with the Kings own hand .
Thefe excufes were eafily admitted by the Duke, and thofe of
his Gang, though others deduced from them but fad confequ^n-
ces for the RocheUors, that poor and mlferable people, that wich
fuch tranfports of joy beheld the arrival of'the Fleet, with no Icfs
aftonllTimcnt fa wit lie idle for eight dayes cntire,and ^ben leave
them in a greater dcjedion than before •, and yet having received
fo many promifes, and afifurances of relief, could they not give
credit to their Admirals Letter, but prepare a new dlfpatch to the
King of England 5 who upon the newes of the Fleets return, af-
fembles his Council, and refolves to fend back Gobert to the
Earle of Denbigh with new O ders to return again to the Rode
of RocheH;, and there to expett a Renfort. About which time
alfo came Sragi!i.:aii with newes of the Fleets return, and two
dayes after Ctar^?, who was fent to be of the Earles Councel,
and Agent for the King in Rocbellc, who when he had given in his
relation of the affair? had his own houfe for his prifon: But to
haflrcnaway this new relief for the diftreflfed Rochellersy Orders
were given to Captain 3i.r«;z?rj,& Captain ?ennington->io expedite
the building of ten great (hips, of fifteen hundred, or tw« thou-
fand Tun-burthen) made purpofely to fight near the (bore , not
drawing more than feven or eight foot-water, and carrying two
and twenty Guns a piece : The^Duke of B!ic1(ingh am, \\\iq defired
not that any one fhould pry too narrowly into the projeds he had
againft RochcUcyicraovcd from the Court a Secretary that was very
zealous for its deliverance, caufing him to be fent to P(7rf/}»o«f«
to prepare other Veflfels, ani buy Provifions, and Ammiinition
thprej where he flayed till the departure of the Fleet. Buc
Book IV. The Memoir es of the ^nke c/Rohan^ X 75
But lee us now fee what pafTed at the Siege of Sa\nt Ap-ique^
afmallTownj lying between two hills that command it, fo that
nothing can be done within, that may not from thence be difco-
vered ^ neither did any till this time, ever think of fortifying it :
But yet the importance of the place for preferring the Commu-
nication between the higher, and the lower Languedoc obliged us
to break the ground, which is there very maniable : But never
did that Town expecl the honour of an alTauk from the firft Prince
of the blood: The River Sorgue runs under the walls of it, and
divides it from that part of the Suburbs, that lies towards ?^^^re,
which of ncceflity was to be fortified alfo, it being eafiefor the
enemy to make his approaches that >>/ay, and for that the River
beating againft the Walls, would not give way to any nearer for-
tifications on that lide: The whole fortification of this Suburbs
was compofed of Spurs, and little Flanquers, whofe Trenches
were four fathom wide, and the Parapet Canon-proof, behind ic
was nothing but a fmallbaak inftead of a Rampart 5 all that gave
us hopes to be able to defend it, was, that there was room enough
for us to imrench our felves behind it j befides, fo ftiangely oddc
was the fituation of that place, that without a great Army, there
was no hindering of relief from coming to it, both from Miltaudy
Sa'iHt Rome, Tarii , and the Bridge of Cauvers,
Aubais, who was advanced as far as the faid Bridge, that he
might hare an eye upon J^iane, when he faw the Army bind its
courfe towards Komrgue , divided his Forces into twoparcs, re-
fer ving the ftronger to himfelf, and fending the other to Saint
Afrique, which the Prince came before on the eight and twenti-
eth day of May j and having viewed it, conceived it intenable ,
and at that inftant condemned it to the fire, and all manner of ex-
tremities ; nor yet indeed was it to be defended, but by a greac
number of men : Aubais very handfomly did his devoir,fending
them from his quarters, as many men, and as much powder as
they defircd : Lx Baume, whom the Duke of Ka^yan had left with,
his Regiment at M'lUaudj for the fame purpofc did the like; io
that in the very height of the Siege, there was no want of any
thing J but there happening a difference between Vncarejfe, and
Bim.ra , Saint Eftienne, and Smdrcs were fain to interpofcand
reccncile them, who afterwards did very good fervice in the
ftorm^ The approaches, batteries > and breaches , being all
made within the fpace of eight or ten dayes, the Prince com-
mands his men to make ready for the alfault, and thofc within al-;
fo prepare to give him a brave reception ; who, though
they had very good Works and Trenches, would not yet lofe one
^nch of ground; There were within the Town, bcfldcs the
Fooc
174 ThcL^emolrcs o^the Duke <9/Rohan. Book IV.
Foot, the Baron d' Alct\;, and S^int Efhemc's Troops of horfe;
the beft armed among them were placed at the Breaches, and ail
the other pofts were well manned alfo : The whole Ga.rifon con-
fided of fifteen hundred fighting men; the ftorm laltcd five
fcoures, was thrice renewed, and during it, one CUlvcrin dif-
charged about fixty jfhot upon one of the Breaches; which ca;ri*
cdoflF fomelegs, and amies; but could not fave the Affaiianrs
from a rcpulfe, who left four hundred dead upon the place^amon^
%vhich were LaPiffe, and La Magda'jnc, two Captains, and
fourty other Officers, not compriling thdfe that were wounded ;
of the Defendants there were flain about eight and twenty, and
xhreefcore hurt.
The morrow after the aiTault was made, came both from
Millaicd 5 and the Bridge de Canvers y four hundred men mo.e
to Saint Afriqiie : The news of this quickly flew to the Duke of
Rohan, at Mirvels, where he had three thoufand Foot, and
made what haft he could thither; having given , order that C/u-
tf.ignac, with the Forces of Alb'igeok^ fhould joyn with Aubaisy
and fall upon the enemy on one fide, while he did the like on
the other ; and the befiegcd, at the fame time> were to make a
fally upon their- Canon : But that which he feared, came,
to pafs, to wit, the Prince hisraifing the Siege : Then had the
Duke a fair opportunity to purfuc him, and then thought of no*
thing that would prevent it: But the affairs of C.^y^^w fummoncd
him thither, where Saim Germler, induced to it, by thofe that
were difaffefted to the Reformed party, oppofed Chavagnac m.
his command: Thofe of Foi.v required his prefencc, to remedy
the diforders fallen out the):e fince the death of Beaufort ; the
Town of ViUande would by all -means that he fliould fit down
before Cre^eil, ai\d fent Deputies purpofely to follicire him to
to that effcA ; and on the other fide, the Siege of Saint jjfi'ique-
being now over , no body would ftir a foot further ; all alledg-
ing the neceflity ot their return) to look after their Harvcfls, ef-
pecially thofe of l<!ifmes, and Vfc^-i whofe fields were threatned
to be ravaged ; and bcfides thcfe, there were in the Army many
Citizens, and Merchants, too delicate, long to endure the hard-
Ihip of an Army : Vivarei\ alfo cryed out for help, the Duke of
Montmorency being fallen imo that Province, with a ftiong
power: Lyonnois alfo with Dauphinc, Vrjarei'-^y and the lower
Langiiedoc, importuned him to free the Khu-; on which tlie
Duke had already bcfieged Pfl^j?;-?, and battered Mirakl.
Amidft thefe urgent follicitations on all hands, the Duke, ic
being impofTible for him to divide himfelf a.mongft them all, re-
turns to the lavver LMg'isdoCi fends AnbaU to Capcs^ zo com-
pofc
Book IV. rheMenwlresofthe'DHkeofRohlTL 1 71
pofe the divifions cherc, and defigns Saint Efiicnn.e witfi his
Troo[) for Tdix; whiieshewUh the red of his Forces, todivert
the Duke of Mon.tmorcncy from Vivaret^-i goes tc Ve\enobrey
which by a longMirch hefufprized? fo disfurnifh.d cf men ,
that having with on: Petard > taken thcTovn, the night fol-
lowing he ralfed his Battery, and tlie next morning began to play
upon the Callle, which he took by aflault 3 but gave quarter to
ah in it.
This Siege wrought the wiihed cffcd 5 for the Duke 01
McH'-moren.cjj after he had taken vMirabef, inftcad of continu-
ing his progrefs in Vivarc.':^ niaiched off to relief Vc's^nohre ^
which he thought would have held out much longer ; but finding
the bufinefs already over, he drew off to Bcaucaire 5 and the
Duke of RohaHy when he had given order for fighting of ye-^e-
mbre^ difmilTed his Voluntiers, put his other Regiments into Gar-
rifons, and goes himfelf to Niff^es^ to put them in a poflurc to
prevent the fpoil the Duke of Monmormcy had command t©
make there j but had written to the Court, that he could not un-
dertake it v\/ith lefs than fix thoufard Foot, and five hundred
Horfc J for which care was taken, and he fupplied with three Re-
giments from VakphinCiand fome Horfe drawen out of the Army^
the Ma.quefis of Vxelles was then condu<5ting to the relief of Ca-
\al: Thefe prepaiacions made Niffnes , and yfc\ look about
them, and promife good quarters to all the Horfc and Fooc
Ihould come in to rheir affiflanee : The Duke of Kehan writ to
thofe of the SevcmSito this effcft ; but they came not fo foon as
they promifed ; nor did thofe of Nlfmes gratifie them as they
ought ; Neverthelefs he goes to fee what might be done, and pro-
mifcs to preferve all their Corn, within a League of their Town,
to witjthat which lies upon the Vifirc (which is the richeft land
about 'Nlfmes ) a fmall, but dangerous River i all yvhofe pafles
he fpoyles, and in all places of danger caufed good Redoubts to
be built j but as for the reft of their Fields, there was no poilibi-
lity of preferving them : And yet, had the Pcafants obfcrved
what was commanded them, which was, to leave their Sheaves
fcattered upon the ground, they had faved a great part of them;
vhich being made up in ftacks, and the enemy coming to for-
ragc at the time they ufually thrtfii out their Corn,fwhich is thci c
done in the Fields) they were all eafily eonfumed.
The Duke of Montmorency takes up his firft quarters at ^^?V^t
Ma'igueYiete^zgQo^lQZguzhcvn'NljTncs 'y and the next <iay lea-
ving it on his left hand, came and lodged at Cbanmette, and
S^aint Genies ^ three leagues diftanc fiom Wfmcs , and as
farre from Vf^-^i^ Thence pafles through the Towns upon
i , tlie
1 -jS The LMemoires of the D/il^ ^/ Rohan. Book IV
the Gordon y and fo gets into Vauvage y and took up his laft
quarters at Bcrms and Vchas.
In this march, which lafted fix or feven dayes , he burnt
much Corn 5 and alfo many Villages; which done j he retires
to Beaucaire ( having not at all cntred into the Territories of
Nifmes ) and the Troops of Vanphine returned to joyn with the
Marquefs of llxcllcs, all the Volunciers went home s the forces of
the lower Lmgnedoc were fent into Garifonsjand theDuke o^Mont-
fporency himfclf went to he-^^eres and Pc^cnas,
About this time came a Gentleman from the Kingof £;z?^i^^^^
to the Duke , which difpatch was occafioned by an apprchenhon
given him, that fince the return of the fecond Fleet, there were
two Deputies with the Duke o^ Rohan,, in order to a Treaty for
peace 5 to divert which, he was commanded to tell him , that
though that Fleet after an ineffeftual Voyage were returned, yet
there was now fo flrong a one prepared > and ready to fet Saile ,
that he was confident it would be the entire deliverance of Ro-
chelle'y and that though God (liould not favour him in that at-
tempt, yet would he never forfake the reft of the Reformed
Party 5 Nay, although there fliould be no more left than the
irery perfon of the Dake , he afTured him he would hazard all
ihathe wasMafterof, for the prefervatlon of that alone 5 defi-
ring further to know of him what hopes he had of afiiftance from
^taly and Spaine , that in cafe the King fhould prefs him too
hard , he might be direded by him how to afl'ift him , either by
adiverfion orotherwife: David, one of the Deputies of Ro-
chelle was prefent at the delivery of this Meflage : To which the
Duke repliedi that he was fo far from any thoughts of a Treaty,
that he had again caufed ahe Oath of Union to be renewed , to
this cfifed> that none fliould hearken to any peice, but conjoyntly
with him sand that he had already made known to him,the means
he had to aflift him-
This done , the Duke feeing; the Duke of Monmorcncy^s
Troopslayfcactcrcdanddlfperfed in feveral parts, takes his turn
alfo, and burnt all chsCorn, and CountreyHoufcs belonging
to the Inhabitants of Ber.acaire , within Mufquet (hot of their
very walls : And when he thought to make another inrode into
the Marijh-Coimtrey for Salt , he met, in a narrow place upon
the RhoTie , nearer home, two Barques convoyed by a Frigote >
and laden with four and twenty thoufand French Bufhels, fo that
commanding fome of his Souldiers to f^im to the other fide for
a Boat 5 he tranfported many of his Foot, to Camargites , that
he might on both fides attaque the Frigote j but flie foon for-
fook her Merchandize^ which was as quickly carried away : Be-
/ides
Book IV. The CMemolres of the Duke of Ko\im. l-jy
fides this booty , they drove much Cattle from Cum.irgucs , and
<iid much fpoylc there alfo by fire. When the Duke of Montmo-
rmcj heard of thefe excurfions 5 hemadehaflc to rally his for-
ces > appointing them their Rendcz-vous at Lund. The Duice,
in this expedition J goin^, and returning;} marched above four-
teen long Leagues 3 without making any long ftay in any place;
and got home again before any of the enemy could be gotten
together 5 And happy was it for him 3 for he was but in an ill
condition to fight J every Souldicr being fo laden with pillage,
that he could never get any more to march, in order j than three
hundred fouldiers 5 of U Baiimc\ Reg:ment,which brought up the
Rear.
Whenthis expedition was over 5 the Duke was in great per-
plexities 3 not knowing how to difpofe of his Forces , efpecially
his Horfe : For he could now raife no more conrributioii foe
their maintenance 3 by reafon that the Villages were all burnt*
And the Sevenes was no Countrey for Horfe : If he fhould go
towards Castres , there was the Prince with his Arsny in the
higher Lxyiguedoc y who had particular Orders to impede his
pafl'age i and thfc Duke of Montmorency had alfo a ftrift Com-
mand , with his Forces to follow him 5 whither ever he ihould
go : For it was feared left he iliould go to Montaiihan. , and
raife thofe of the Religion in On^imm in favour of the En-gllfh >
whofe coming they feared : If he went into Ro'ucrgne to no d-
ther end but to eat them up , it would not be long ere their cryes
would be heard j {o chat neceffity now obliged him to undertake
the fiege of Crefcil.
But before we go thither, it will not be amlfs to fay fome-
thingof Aubais his return to Cajlres-y who though he made bun
a feeming accommodation between Sa'mt Gcrmier and Cbavjig^
n.ic , the caufe of the mifundcrftanding ftill remaining 5 and fo-
menting their conceived rancour one againft the other j fo thac
the pretended reconciliation lafted not long i neverthelefs his
being there was to great purpofe to oppofe thofe that came to
forrage and plunder thofe parrs , where his brother Sa'ra.t E(ii^
enne was unhappily flain , by theic own Canon , which being
not well fpunged > as they were re-charging ir, the Powderi:ook
fire, and killed him ; He was a Gentleman of great couragCj
and zeal for his party , and was the next day to have gone into
I'oiXy where they ftood in great need of him.
The Marquefs of K^g/jy , who commanded the Prince his
Arniy> and had much ravaged the Countrey, goes, for his la(t
exploit, to burn M:i'^imet ^ and to beHege H.iiitpont ^ whither
^^^^y i ^ gaUant Soulier > with t!i: Inhabitants of WT^^rnet^
N were
1 78 The MemoiYCs of the Dftke of Rohan. Book IV.
were retired i but having, to no purpofe, lain before it for the
fpace of twelve dayes ,^ he diew oft to Biugiere, where he
dyed.
And here it will be expedient to infert a word or two concer-
ning C"M«/t7, who com.ng from Vicdmonh made the Duke of
Rohan, fome propofitions of afliflancc from Spainc ; which, if ("e-
manded, he was confident he might have freely > and in a lar^e
meafure ; for that having conferred about it with the Span jh Em-
bafladour in Viedmont , he had given him very good hoj es of
it; telling hJm moreover, that itwas the Inteieft of 5/>;Z'ȣ', to
endeavour a prolongation of the Civil Wars wiF/ance y chat they
might with more cafecompafs their defigns in Italy, that the
Abbot Scaglla , the Dake of Savoy's Embafladour , was now in
Spaine , and would contribute hisutmoft power to alTift him in
it ; having already in En.gland, and clfewhcrc, declared hjmfelf
a great favourer of the Refoimed Party , out of his implacable
hatred to thofe that govern now in France.
The great exigencies the Duke was in for want of money,
the Countrey being unable, aad the Towns unwilling to furnil^
him any more ; neither could he expe<ft any from England j nor
had he received any thing from the Duke of Savoy , but empty
promifcs, enforced him to feck out fome way or other to fup-
plyhis wants; and in efftd he faw none but this; which yet he
durftnot pitch upon, without the King of E'fig'and's leave, fear-
ing left it might givehimancff.nce , and confequently an oc-
cafion to defcrt him: Notwithllandingthls doubt, yet would
he not rejcft ClaufeCs propofals ; but deferres his difpaich, rill
he could give notice of it to the King of England, and to his
Embafladour xhtn'mViedmo'U -, from both whom he received
very favourable anfwers j and then fent Claufcl into Spa'tnc, In-
joyning him to declare to the King of Spaine , that if the con-
tinuance of the War in France might be fcrviceable to his de-
fignes, upon condition he would afford thofe of the Religion a
fpeedy and round fupply of money, he would engage himfelf to
proteftit, as long as it Ibould be agreed upon between them;
bur that otherwife he fhould be conftrained to make his peace j
that he ihould have the whole Winter to provide it , and that he
would expeft his anfwer till the next March : And forafmuch as
that, immediately after the departure of Clanfcly there came
news of the lofs of Kochiile ; he fent two MelTengers after him
10 let him know? that that accident had not any thing ihaken his
rcfolutions; but that he continued conftant to his former pro-
pofals. Claufel pafles through fo/:»: ]rno Spaine^ where he was
Tcry well received^ and h^ard 5 and had very advantageous Pro-
p«-
feoolclV^ TheCMemolnsoftheDtikefKohlVi, 179
poficions made him alfo ; All which ^ood news he ira|?art$ to
ttie Duke of Rohan. ; giving him good hopes of a prompc , and
powerful alTiftance : At len^h having concluded the Treaty , he
goes into VicdmofU , to facilitate and expedite the execution of
all things J and as he went, landed a Gentleman belonging to
theK.ngof Spd'in y who was to have b^aght the Duke a Copy
of the Agreement ; But he fufFered himfelf to be taken at the
Gates of Lund ^ when he had but half a League more to go be-
yond all danger, of which /vo'^T^zadvertifed Claiiftl,\uh'o when he
came to Vhdmont, g^yt the B'lgl.'jh Emballadour an account of all
his neo^otiation.
Return we now to Crefcil , a place about* a Canon mot <II-
fiant from Miiidud, having a treble inclofure of Walls, one
whereof environs the Town, and the two others the Caftle,
which muft be forced one after another » for that there is no co-
ming at the Caftle, but through the Town ; the farthcft pare of
itbelng built upona Rock of a vaft height: It is true, the
Walls that inclofe the Town are not worth an'^ thing , be.ng ru-
inoL^s, and full of breaches , fotUat it were a fhame to lie eighc
tiayes before it , and not to take ii : But he that has to dealc
with a people , to whomnedefign feems difficult, and whert
they come to put it in execution , make no proyifion of necefla-
ries to efFeft it , will want no incumbrances : Roha?z gives no-
tice of his intentions to Alteyrac andG/mi-z, that without anjr
noifej they might put all things in a readinefs to efFv-fl them^ ani
gave Alteyrac alfo Orders to block up the place , a day before he
came with his Troops 5 that fo he might furprize it at a greater
advantage, when meanly furnifhed with Souldiers; which he did,
but yet all their diligence could not prevent the efitry oi iupplies
into it.
When the Troops were all comeup. the Siege was formed ,
andabattery of tvvoGunsraifed, which had not dilcharged fix;
fliot , before the Carriage of one of ihtmflcv/ all to pieces 5 and
when that was mended > the like actidenc befell the other; fo
that the whole tinle, alraoft, wasfpent in repairing the Carri-
ages of the Guns; and with fuch untoward Timber, thatv/heil
ail was dune, they did but little better than before; fo that the
breach bein^ not made large enough in one day , they were fiin
to remit the profecution of their battery till the morrow > whicK
gave the befiegcdleafure to repaire , and make it better than
before: Ncverthelefs urgedby the fliortnefs of his time, the
Duke commaiidfd an affault to be made , In w hich he was re-
pulfed. In the mean while the Duke of Mont monncy^v^ho -with
nis Army j had ftill w;Uced on the motions of -Mm ^ joyneiJ
Na ivhh
xBo The Afenmres of the Diikc\ofV<o\MV\\ Book IV".
with the Prince ; and having diflfwaded him from his intended
attempt upon Cau-fadc^ and gotten together all the Forces cf that ,
Countrey? came with eight thoufand Foot , and fix hundred
Horfe CO lie at Sai?it Geo gcs, diftant but a league from Crcfcil ;
of which, when the Duke of Rohdn had intelligence, that very
night he drew off his Canon, and the next day, having left CiC-
fcil again at liberty, drew up his whole Army in Battailla near*
M'lllmd j where about noon, the Prince appeared with his whole
Army , which , when MoritmoiC/icy had recruited the Gar-
rifon with men, and all other necellaries, marched off to their
tjuarters.
This Siege did at lead th's good, that itprefervcd Caiifadc^
which was not yet in a condition to withftand lo great a pow-
er: The night follovving l{ob.in fends his Foot into SamtKome'
upon T^iV^ y and into Saint Afriqiie j and feeing that both Ar-
mies were fo near him, he thought with his Cavalry, having
no baggage to incumber them, he might reach CaUrcs in one
night: This he propofed to his Officers, who were of opinion,
that it would be convenient to ftay one day longer, to obfeive the
countenance of the enemy, which totally fruftrated his intenti-
ons of pafling that way; for as he was about to attempt it the
next day, he found that Mommorcncy had prevented him , and
waited fer him on the way both with Horfe and Foot ; which
made him inftantlyrefolvc to take with him all his Forces, and
by great Marches got "into the higher Languedoc, to befiegc
Aimnrgues^ which he was confident f in cafe he found but the
ordinary Garrifon in it j a few da yes would make him Mafteref;
It is a Town of an indifferent bignefs, diftant about four leagues
from NifineS} and one from Limel^ featcd in the beil part of
that Countreyj and upon a Flat, no wayes to be c( mmandedjthe
mold alfobemg foft, and tradable ; and in fliort, accommoda-
ted with all things ncccllary to make it a very brave place 5 it is
alio inclofed with fair Free-ftone Walls ? flanked with fmall
Towers, and a large and deep Trench, full of water, on the
outfideof which were two or three lulf Moons, little, and ill
made. To this end he fcnt Anbais to Nijmcs, to get the Ca-
non in a readinefs, and that he might the better conceal his de-
fign, divides his Forces, and marches thither two feveral ways>
he himfelf, with that party w*hich he conduced, came thither
fii ft, and prefently invells the place ; the next day arrived the
others alfo, and then he afllgned every one their pofl, and en-
tirely blocked it up : And without further delay fcnt to Fifmes ^
to haften away the Canon, which came alio in good time : The-
Stiight following, he planes them upon the Battery he h^draifed ,
Book IV. The CMemolres of the Bttke of Rohan. 1 8 1
and the next day, without the lofs of one man, made a fair
breach 3 and having made provlfion of ladders, for that the
Walls, being but low in many places, are eafily fcalablc, and
the Trench in many parts palTeable, he difpofed his men for a
general allault ; When the Govcrnour, theMarquefs of Saint
S/ilpicc, a younger brother of the houfc of J^fi^ faw thefe pre-
parations? conceiving he had not men enough to defend him-
ielf againft the florm, he demands a parley , the Duke of Kohan.
fent him word, that he was much troubled that a young Gentle-
man of his quality fliould be fo unfortunately engaged in a place
where fromhis firftElFay he could derive nothing but dlfadvantage
and difhonour ; Nevert}\elels out of regard to the amity betweea
their houfes, he offered him as honourable conditions,as he him-
felt could have defired, which he accepted? and within an hours
after mirchcd out with his Garrifon-
The bake of Montmorency, while he was yet at la. Came,
at the fame inftanr received intelligence, both of the Seige? and
taking of this place, and upon the re-iteratcd importunities made
him? prefently repaired thither to fettle the Province, which the
fo fudden taking of Aim.irgues had much difordered. The Duke
of Rohan mean while employes that little leafure he had in clea-
ring the Countrey of thofe Paltry Forts? and Towns, which lay
about Nifmes, and ^7^-^; as the Caftleof P^auvert, MainnCy
Sargnac, Sam Bonnets Kefmol'ms^ P^es , and CbaUillon, which
yeilded upon the approach of his Canon : Ail which he detno-
Jiflied, except Refmoll'iS) which he was defirous to keep for
that it might be ufeful to him when he fliould have occalion to
look towards Vllh-neufve by Avlgnoii'. But thcconfervationef
Airnargiies, and the Fortifications he had there begun? made him
relinquifli all other defigns for the prefent, to apply hlmfelf whol-
ly to thatf
Whiles he was thus occupied, furvenes the Duke of Mont^
morcncy, thrcatning to beficgc Almargnes , and preparing his
Canon? and all other neceflfaries for it ; which obliged the Duke
of Kohan to draw towards it, and clap in twelve hundred Foot ,
where he defigned alfo a Counterfcarfe , Curtains, and half
Moons? to be made for the fccurity of thofe places which were
weakeft) and moft liable to dinger ; and having, fummoned in
the Militia of the Sevenes^ he put fix or feven hundred of them
into the great G^/>«'g«'^>whithei: he caufed ammunition-bread to
b; fent them daily from ]7i/5wfi-,commanding them to defend it
agiinft a party> but not to ftay till the enemy drew down their
Canon. Some weeks paflfed they in this pofture; in the mean
time the D.uke of Hofi^msimcy defpairing to do any good upon
^( J Alni{ii%UrCS9
[i8z The iji'femolres ofthe T>t^k^ of Koh^n] BooklV..
AtfnaYgues^ turns his dcfign upon the Forces In Gdf/^v^wf^ ; ap-
points his Rendez-vous by break of day at the Bridge of L/i«c/ ,
and that morning goes thence to inveft them. The two that com-
manded there, were Valci^cn'i^ and la Roqite ^ both gallant
Gentlemen, the former v^iy ftlffcly ^^rfifts in a refolution to fee
their Canon, thin'xincr by mght, to draw off into Vauvagc, a
good Coumrey for ihe Foot,and where all the Inhabitants were of
the Relig'.on ; but this was contrary to the exprefs ord"r of the
Duke of Kohan\ who undcrCtanding that they were befieged >
\virh all fpccd rallies his Troops, and comes to relieve them : The
Dake of Mofitmorcncy on the other fide, drav^s all the Garrifonr
cut of MottpvU.cr J thcRc-criment of A'or;«^?zrfy alfo, withfeve- ,
ra\ others, come to joyn': with hi'.^.i. His A'-my with his Canon,
he r^.ngcd in Battailla, in a place of great advantage : Kohan
goin '. to vie., him, that he might know whether he fhould ac-
icmpttAis relief by day, or in the night-timC) findes him to be
fo; r the li'and Foot, and four hundred good Hoifc; fliong? and
fo acyan'-agcoufly lodged that there was no coming at him in any
good crier, nor without pafTing within Piftol-fhot of a dano;crous
Valley j which made him not difcover hisTroonsi and defer ad-
vancing with the relief till the night following: He incamps about
half a league from the place, in a Valley near a Wood, leaving
a Troop of Horfe to obfei vc the motions of Montmorency, and to
hinder the difcovery of his own Forces : About the clofe of the
evening comes a McfTenger from the befiegedj to demand fom^
afiiftance, whom he fent back again with another with him, to
tell them, that when they fhouldh.ear the Alarmc on the other
fide, they fhould be ready to fally our at fuch a place as they
fhould direft them ; that they fliould finde five hundred felcfted
men to receive them within Mufqaet- (hot of Gaingiics ; and that
he, with the reft of his Army, would be within a quarter of a
league ready to bring them off; that if they knew any better
way to fave thcmfelvcs, they fhoulfl acquaint him with it, and
care fhould be taken of them j but, if they approved of this
courfc) that they fhould make three fires upon the top of the
Tower, that it might be accordingly followed. The Mefiengers
got very well in, and the befieged alfo approve of the defign i" In
witnefs whereof they give the fignalqf the three Fires? and pre-
pare thcmfelvcs for the Sally : The Duke of Kohan. fent the five
hundred men he had promifed within two Mufquet-fhor, caufed
^he Alarme to be given thrice, and yet no body ftirrcd in Ga-
largties, but all ftayed till day j which being now pretty well ad-
yanc.d, he drew off his five hundred men, who by a Volley of
^ot at iheit departure,^ Itt them know how near they had come
to
Book IV. The CMemolres oftheDHkeofRohun^ 1 8^
to fetch them off: The Duke underftood afterwards, that fome of
the Captainsj who had bad legs, or lame courages. Kindred their
com ng forth ; w hofe feai s flattering them with falfe and deceit-
ful hopes, made them choofe rather to fubmit to their enemies »
than run the hazard of marching three or foure hundred paces
with (even hundred men, with their Swords in their hands,which
when they had done, they were fure to be received by five hun-
dred more, and a quarter of a league farther by two thoufand.
In greaf choler, and with an extream regret did the Duke draw
off again, the next day, knowing they had yielded themfelves to
be diipofed of at the difcrerion of their Conquefours, if they
procured not the furrender of Almagms-y which if they efFefledj
then were they all to be fet at liberty, and have their baggage re- -
ilored to them: yalcfanr, nn^ E.iv'ierc^\yQiQ chofen Deputies,
and fent with this goodly meflage to the Duke of Rohan , who
made them both prifoners j bat V-ilefciire efcapes, and gets into
the Seven's, to incite the Communaltles there to an iafurrcdi-
on> in cafe Almargnes were not given up again j others alfo
wentthither privately from Hontpcllicr to ths fame end 5 7{ohan
fearing fome commotions in that Province, goes thither too him-
f'elf, and takes with him the D:p-ities of Nifmes and ^fc^, af-
fembles both the Provinces at Andti^Cy where he brought them
to this refolution? that Aimargiies fhould not be re-delivered >
and that all thofe prifoners they already had, or for the future
fhouldtake, ihould be treated with the fame rigour as wasufed
to thofe of Galarg.-i'^S'y and that he might have his revenge* he
fas d«vvn before Monts, with but two thoufand men at raofl 5 five
dayesdid he lie before it, for that the incellant rain that fell, re-
tarded the arrival of their great Canon from Andf^T^e, for the
fpace of three whole dayes together : Hut though the bad weather
mifchieved him on that fide, it abundantly recompenfed that In-
jury on another, fwelling the two Gardons, fo that four or five
Regiments, which could they have come the direft way , had
reached him In onedaycs march, not able to pafs the Rivers any
other way, than by a Bridge, were fain to nuke four or five
dayes of it ; and he to prolong the ir journey, caufes all the
Boats, and Ferry-boats upon the Rivers to be brokeojand a llrong
Guard to be kept at Sai?tt Nicholas Forte 'y fo that immediatly
upon the arrival of his Canon, without further fear of any di-
fturbance, he batters the Caflle^ and reduces the befieged, a
hundred and fifty in number, to fuch Ul terms, that they yielded
upon conditioji to undergo the fame punifhment as fhould be in-»
Aided on thofe were taken at Galargfies, perfwading thcmfelves
^illjthat Hamibal%:o whom the houfe belonged, and who wa^
N 4 Baftard-
3§4 '^^'^ UUcmoires of the Vukc ofRohm Book IV.
Baftard-brothcrtothcDukcof Montmorency^ would be able to
prevail with him to favc his Friends, and Allies: But Mofitmo^
rcncy, to make his adion more eminent at Court, having fenc
uord that he had taken the prime Officers and Souldicis of the
SevcTics^ the Kins^ commanded that all the Colonels, rtnd other
Officers fhould be hanged, and the common Souldiifcrs fent to
the Gallics j which the Prince having notice of, wojdld not give
him leafure to let the Court know what had happened at Momsy
fothat he caufed threcfcore and four to be hanged, which indeed
tvere not all Officers 5 but many that were well clad, fliled them-
ftlvcs fo, out of hopes to finde better ufage ; fee how many times
men gull themfelves: The Duke of Kohan alfo, for his part,
caufed the like number to be hanged, not fparing any for tlicir
cji'.ality, except fome few, which he referved, to fetch off fomc
others, whicli EunmbAl had gotten to himfelf, who were after-
wards exchanged.
In the mean time Montduhan. gees on luckily with the War,
5n which that Town, without the afliflance of any other,alwayes
behaved it felf befl of any of the Reformed Party. Saint Mi~
ch:ly before he engaged in any other emerprife, looks after the
prefeivation of Caujade , upon fome jealoufies he had of the
Governour Chaflillon; for that in all Military anions he difco-
vered too much cffeminacyjand too much difregard of things re-
lating to the fecurity of the Town; but principally for that he
held too frequent correfpcndcncies withthofe of the adverfe par-
ty, under pretence of procuripg the enlargement of his brother*
who had been a prifoner ever fince the laft peace : Neither was
he without fome fufpitions cf the others alme to out him of his
Government, which made him begin to think upon fome way to
prefcive himfclf in it, to which end he Courts the affedions of
the Souldicrs, and people of the Town; but before he had well
made his Game, he mofl imprudently declared publickly? that
he would no longer own any fubordination to Saint Michel , who
to prevent, and crufA this mifchicf in its birth, exhibited the
Articles he had to charge Ch.irtiUoyi withall to the Council ;
whereupon it was oidered that he ftiould be fecured, and tried by
a Council of War; which was neatly carried by Saint Michel,
who very privately, and infenfibly having gotten many Souldiers
into Caufade; and coming thither himfclf unthought on» with-
out any the leafl commotion? feizcs upon ChaHiilon ,- and car-
ries him to Montauhan^ where he \^ as for a time kept prifoner ,
and txamined ; Butwhcthcr it was, that the proofs againft him
v/cre no; clear enough, or that rhey feared left the punifliing oF
him would be a difcouragemcnc to other flrangcrs 5 he was fet at
liberty
1
Book IV. The Memolres of the 1>tike o/Rohan; 1%^
liberty again; ZT^dTontbeten- was made Goyemour of Cau^
fade in his place; who continued in that command uncillthc
Peace.
Sai'/it Michel having tkus fecurcd this Town, thinks upon
taking in of many fmall Forts, and Caftles? which were a great
difturbance to Mon-tanban. ; having now a fit opportunity offer'd
him by the plague, that had driven away moft of the Garrifons
the Duke d' Elp.rnon. had left about him; in purfuancc of which
he drawes his Canon mto the Field, and begins with the Caftle
de LiMotte d' Ardae, and having battered, and taken it by af-
fault, fired it on the fccoad of September : When he came back
to Mofitauban, he had intelligence of a great body drawing up>
compofed of the Countrey Forces, and fome other Regiments
alfo, fent for purpofcly to oppofe his defigns : On the ^th. of
the fameMoneth he lays an Ambufcade for them among the
Vineyards of Dicii-Vantoh-, about two leagues diflantfrom Mon^
taubariy and with his Horfe goes to draw them into it, and meets
them in the plain of Caftalans, and Saint poiqiiicr , where the
enemy, without expefting till the refl of their men were come
up, or indeed flaying one for the other, purfue him in diforder
up to the very Ambufcadcs where being once engaged, he char-
ges them on every fide, and leaves fome four or five hundred of
them dead upon the place, befides a great number of wounded ?
lofing not above three or four of his OAn : Thence he marches
up to the very Towns of Cajlalans, and Saint Forquier , and o-
ther Villages, and Farms, which he fired, and then returns to
Montaubm. The next dav he beiieges the Caflle of t^ille-Dicii^
which having endured the battery a whole day, yielded the next ;
thofe within it had their lives given them, but they remained pri-
ibnersof War, and the place was burnt. On the 8ch. of 06lo~
ber he went, from Montauban to befiege E[callc\^ about two
leagues froni Mentaiiban j but thofe of that Garrifon ftayed no
more for him, then did thofe of Blavety both which retreated to
Salvagnac ; thefe two Forts he alfo burnt : And becaufe Moidi-
ere Governour cf ViUerauryha-dnow his Regiment on foot,he was
very dcfirous to invite him into an Ambufh alfo, which he endea-
Touredtodoj by firing the Mills of ViUemur ^ which were ia
iight of the Town, whence yet none would flir cut; in his re-
turn thence he came before the Caflle of Pof^lauren^ which he
forced.
The Garrifon o^ Salvagnac being thus re-inforced witfi
thofe of EfccUie'^y and Blavet, began now to grow infolent, and
^vould no longer fland to the Agreement made with thofe of
MontaHban^ to fuffer them freely to pafs, andrepafs^ whereupon
he
t^6 The LMemoiref of the Duks^ff Rohiti. Book IV.
Pie laid an Ambuih for them alfo j to allure them to which, he
fenc out fixty Horfe^ and fifty Foot, when prefently came forth
an hundred, or fix fcore Souldiers> to gain the Ford upon the
River Tefim, where they met with fuch entertainment, as very
few of them ever went back again.
About the beginning of No'i^ember fallled out fixty feven
Souldiers from the Garrifon of Lou-be jaCy to lay an Ambufh near
Monta4iba?Ly upon the greac Road to Negrepeliffe ; which Sam
Mich' I having notice of , drew out fome Horfe, andlayed a
Counter- Ambufcade in the way by which tl>ey were to retreat ;
and charging them in an open field, flsw about threefcore and
four of thtra J and after this, took the Caftle oi Bonrquet by
Petard. Many other little adions palled there at MQiztanban, in
Ivhich Sdfi: Michel alwayes came off witK honour.
It is now time to retuin to the lower Langnedoc , whither
prefently after the taking of Monts , came the newes of the
Reddition of Rochelle , after the long fufferings of that poor
people , had given fuch large tellimonies of their invinc.blc
conftancy.
The Rochellers upon the retreat of the fecond Fleet, fent
four feveral Meflengers to England^ with inftrudions all to the
fame efi\:d ^ vi-\.To reprefent unto the King» the dv-plorablc con-
dition they would fuddenly be reduced co, ani nvinding him of
feis prcrmlfes, to befeech his Majefty with all fpeei to fend them
fome relief, afluring him withali, that how many, and heavy
fbever their prefTureswere, they would not fabmit to them, but
wait his anfwer : Ul Groffetiere, who was one of the four,arrivcd
there on the ijth- of ^nfie, and was fint back again with many
fair promifes on the 30th. but in his return was taken, carried to
the King, kept a prifoner till the Town was taken, and was then
put to death. The loth. of J'^/y following came the fecond,and
on the 14th. arrived the third j butthelaft, who came about
by Holland^ was fome-what longer on his way.
Before the arrival of U Crojfetiere, had the King of great
'Britain difpatch't U Lcinde with two other Souldiers, to give
the KocheUers notice of the great fupplies he was preparing for
ihemj and after him was alfo fent Champfleuf-y with the likeaf-
furances, who got into Rochelle, but one day before the Fleet
fhewed It felf In the Rode : The fhips preparing for this expedi-
tion being not yet finlfhedj^the Engineers pitched upon a new in-
vention, to wit, the Ic-tting out of three fhips lined, and the
decks covered with brick, and laden with ftones of an immenfe
bign?fs, and fluffed with barrels of powder, to make thefe Mines
play cffedually upon the Barricade the French had nude In the
port:.
Book IV. The tMemlres of the T>ptke of Rohan^ 1 ^j
Port: 'Q\xx.\\\QK\v\f^ o^ England very much unfatisficd with
the ilow progrefs of the Fleet, wejit himfelf in perfon on the laft
of ^iit^ to haften it? in which journey the Duke, of Soubt%e wai-
ted on him.
The Duke of Bucl^r/igham flaying behind, fets bis wits on
work to find out fome means to obdruft the fending away of the
fupplies, and to this end, endeavours by the means of the Ven?"
tiad Refidems in England^ and Trance, to have fomc over-
tures for a peace made : But feeing that took not, he refolvesup-
on a journey to Von [month ; but before his departure , fends for
VmctHt, a Minlfter of the Church of Rochelle, and makes hirai
write a perfwafive letter to the Kcchellcrs, to difpofe themfelves
to accept of thepeace the Duke of Bffcl^ingham was now procu-
ring for them ; which the Embaffadour of Savoy having an
inkling of, he plainly demonftrates to Vinccm, that it v^as only
an invention to retard the departure of the Fleetjand fo defeated
that projed.
At lengths on the 24th. of AiiguU, comes the Duke 06
Bncl(in.ghAm w V»it [mouth , and on the 2,^th. arrived there fifty
ihipSj Ibmemenof War, and others laden with provifion, and
ammunition : But on the fecond of September, the Duke of Sou-
bi':{e going to vifit the Duke of Buc^inghamt as he had newly di-
ned, he told him that juft then he had received intelligence o£
the re-viftualling of RochcUe, and that he was now g®ingwith
the newes to the King; and as he was lifting up the Hangings to
go forth of the Room> he was ftabbed with a Knifcinto the great
Artery of the heart, by an Officer, whofe name was Fc/fo»,of
which he fell, and dyed immediatly : Nor were the Duke of Sou-
bi"^, and his followers free from danger, it being muttered in
the Chamber, that it was a French-man had done this aft ; buc
felton, who might have eafily efcaped, if he had lifted? haring
not been obfcrved by any one, voluntarily difcovers hirafelf to be
the Authour of this Homicide j faying, that it was better that
iwfo men {hould perifh, than a whole Kingdom, The next day
the King makes the Earle of Lmd[ey Admiral, Morton. Vice-ad-
miral, and MoJttjoy Reare-admiral; the other commands were
not changed, but the fame Captains that were in the former ex-
pedition, wentalfo inthis> with a greater force , but the fame
refolutions. After the death oi BucJ^'mghaWy it appeared that
not half of the Ammunition and Provlfions for tne Fleet were
yet (hipped; and that (hould the profecution of their bufinefsan-
Iwer the flowncfs of the beginnings, there would be yet three
moneths work more to do; but by the care, and prefencc of the
Kingjmore was UQW di(patch*tin tenortweke dayes;Chaninmany
, ^ weeks
iSS The LMemoi/gs of the Duk^ of Rohm. Book IV
veeks before ; To that all things '^being now ready? they fetfaitc
«n the eighteenth of S cptember : That which made the Duke of
Soiibiic conceive better hopes of this than the'former Flcetsj was
the care and diligence ufcd by the King, and the cominand he
, gave his Admiral, in his prefencejnot to do any thing without his
advice ; commitcing ihe charge of this eKpedition conjoyntly to
ihcm both.
On the nine afnd twentieth oi September cimt the Fleet in-
fo the Rode of Kec/j:?//^ ? and after a calm, which continued all
Simdiy and Mnd^ty following, at night the Wind arofe j and
fate faire for a fight > fo that about two houres before day y up-
on the Admiral's firing ofa Gun J they all fct fayle , and at iix
of the clock in the morning began a fight, which lafted about
three houres > in which, on both fides, were difcharged three or
four thoufand piece of Canon , and that was all : The next day
about the fame houre was the fight renewed, but more tempe-
rately 5 and at a greater diftance , fo that boththofe fights were
concluded without any great lofs to cither fide : On the third of
OHohrer com.sup cothemF/V^w/ff a Captain that had formerly
ferved under the Duke of SoH^bi'^e , and coming, as he faid/rom
Trem'jlade , (hews a Letter from the Captain Treflcboisy de firing
him to knoivof them whether they would hearken to a Treaty
of peace or no ; to which was anfwcred, that he fliould fliew his
pafs-port , or elfe thac Treflzbgis fhould come up in his S'ialIou;>
baweenthe two Fleets, and there let them know what he had
to fay ; which, on the fcventh of the fame monetii,he did, with
one whofe name was de I* I(le , both who were remitted to
Mo'itagu.; tnd Fora'm , who, finding tlut they had no particu-
lar Commifiion , but came only to kno,v whether the Trtm't
would Treat apart, excluding the English , anfwered them , thac
that could not be , and fo both retired to their own Parties : Ne-
verthelefs upon occafion of this inter vie .v the Admiral fent
Mattagne witha D.itcK Gentlemin whof,- name was l^mfuaaf^
|e^ , under colour of deaaindingof fom- ivlirin^rs, thit were
pi ifoncfx in the F'^iJC^ Fleet i but his going thitlier again the
two daycs following , pretending they hid promifed to flicw him
theBarricadoinths Port, andconfefiing, at his return, that he
had not feenit, becaufe the Tide did not ferve, bredfom^ jea-
ioufi^c&jthat he went thither upon fome other defign ; And when*
upon a report that there had Articles mutually palled between
them , the Duke o^Soabii; complain :d that they had entred up-
on a Treaty, unknown to him, and without the Privity of thofc
that were principally concernsd In it J ic was flitly denied : But
when the continual goings co and tro of Montague j had confi:-.
med
Bcok IV. The Mtmolres of the Bukt oj'Kohzr\, 3S9
l:ned their fufplclons of a Treaty ? it was put off with this excufc,
that they treated of things not relating to theirs^nGr the Intei eft's
of V-fanu : And not long after^ the Admiral fent Montcpit into
Lngliindy with a pafs which the Cardinal of hichdhu. gave
him.
On Sunday the one and twentieth of thisincncth there hapned
a remarkable pafl'age j on^Vo^anne^ a Captain that had foimer-
ly feived under the Duke of SoHbi\e , a Villain ccVeied with
Crimes, and that had now redeemed hislife , by the engage-
ments he h ad paflfed to the Cardinal, to kill, or bum Soubl-^
in his fliip , fcts failc out cf the River cfBcnrdcanXi in a gccd
fhtp cf two hundred Tun burthen , and filled with Ccmbuftjble
matter; and, thebetter to palliate hisdejfignj paflesasan ene-
my 3 making pri2e of feveral Trench he met withal , ard fo gets
up to the T.y;gl'fjh Fleet 'y Whcnhe vas ccme in among ihtm 3
he tells tbem that he v\as ccme to feive the Party cf the Religi-
on as he had foimerly done , arddefires to be ccr.di,de<l to the
Duke of 5o?.'^/\e who knew him very well : With him was a
Gentleman of Aujou ^ who, as he was going to ^oc/'t/Zf, had
been caft upon the Coaflof Spcine y thtie taken, and ihcxicc
fent to the Cardinal , vvhc firdirg him 10 be a bold and adven-
turous perfon , prcmiftd h.'m not only his taidcn, but iriinitere-
compences in cafe he vould accompany toj^rine in this enter-
prize : The dtfire he had to favchimfelf together with the per-
fvvafionsof his brother, who was a feivant 10 the Cardinal^
made him prcmifc whatever ihcy required of him: But when
they came to the fleet, he unfolded the vhole plot to Soiibt':^^
v\hereupon T^janne w as taken Prifcnerj his fhipard Prizes fei-
zed on : Andto prove that this Gentlewian laid rothirg but
iruth,he cftered to getihicugh into 'RochUe wuh the Cardinal's
pafs 3 and to return thence with a true account cf the condition
'cf the place: His effer u as accepted of , and dotble Letters
were given him ? feme of vhich he fhewed to the Cardinal, im-
porting a retjue ft to peimithimto make this Voyage , and a pro-
luife at his return to give him a perfcd relation of his difcovery.
Thus he got in , and returned with other private Letters? which
truly rcprefenied the ftateof KochiUe , which v\asfofad 5 that in
cafe they were not relieved within two day es, there would be
none left alive ir it, and that they were row ypcn the point of
yielding.
On Monday the iw o ard tw cntleth , about k n aclcck in the
morning the fleets made as though they wculd engage , but the
Captains failingof their prcmiled duty , the whole time was
/jfCfttin Cmonndes ^ without any prejudice to cither party ^ ^rd
ail
J 90 Tht<J\{tmolres of the Duke <?/Rohan. Book lY,
all the fire-fliips were fo ill-managed , that they were vainly j
and to no purpofe confumed : And in the mean time, in fight of
that Puifiant Fleet , fo well ftored with all neceflaries, while
the time flipt away 5 the paflage unattempted 5 nor the Duke of
Son,hi\e his offers, to lead the way with the French , dcfirinj^ the
Admiral but to follow him only , accepted , nor thofe oF the
Count ^e Lnvnl , while the others were engaged in the fight,
to conduA the three fhips lined with brick , and in which were
the Artificial Mines, up to the Barrlcado j the famine finlllied
its work in Roche lie -^ there being hardly a man left thit could
fupport himfelf without a ftaffj all chat were left alive were fo
few, and fo debilitated, that they had not ftrength to handle
their Armcs; fo that on the fame day the Admiral of EfigUnd
had refolved with his C-^uncil , once mo re to attempt the relie-
ving of it , the Kochellcrs capitulated , and yielded on the z^th,
day o( OSlobsr', andon the lor/n of Nr^'^.'^^f/ following , the
whole Fleet left the Rode 5 and returned towards England: The
mifcarriagesof this ailion being imjjuted to the rcfradorinefs
and difobedience of fome part'cular Captains; fome of them
were confined to their own houfes, and a Cemmiflion was iffucd
out for their Trial : But in a fiiort time aftetjali th.s vaaillied,and
ihey received their pay as the reft did.
The Duke of i?<7^^«'s Mother? nor his Sifter, would not fuf-
fer any particular mention to be made of them in the Capitula-
tion ; left the occafion of the furrendcr lliould be imputed to
their perfwafions , or the refped borne to them ; not doubting
however? but that they lliould equally enjoy the benefit of the
Treaty with the reft: But, the interpretation of Articles being
commonly made by the Conquerours, inarasthe Judgement of
the King's Council , that they were notcomprifed in thera,fince
they were not mentioned in them : An unprefidentable feveri'
ty, that a perfon of her quality, offevcnty years old, coming
outofabefiegcdTown J where (he and her daughter had llveci
three moneths together upon Horfc-flefti, and four or five oun-
ces of bread aday , fhould be detained Prifoners , prohibited
theexercifc of their Religion? and fo ftri«fHy guarded, that
they had but one fervant allowed to attend on them: But all
this rigour abated not their wonted courage and z,cale to the wel-
fare of their party ; For the Dutchefs fent to her fon the Duke
of Rohan a Caution , not to give any credit to her Letters ; for
that in this reftraint fhe might be compelled to write things con-
trary to her inclinations, and that the conlideration of her mi-
ferable condition ftiouldnot impellhlmto anything that mighc^^
prejudice the Party, whatever niifchief befell her : A truly-y
Chrlftian,
Book IV. The Memoires of the Dnke of Rohan, tgi
Chriftian refolucion j and nothing varying from the whole
courfeof her life, which though It had been a continued tex-
ture of affliftions; yer, by theafliftanceofGod, with fuch for-
titude ccmported ihe her felf in them all , that (lie has juflly
merited the applaufc and bcnedivlion of all gcod people j ana
will yield pofterity amoft illuftrious example of an unparallcla-
ble vertuej and admirable piety. Thus this poor Town y once
the Cabinet and delight of Hiniy the Fourth, is now become
the Subjeft of the wrath and Triiirtph of his Son Leivis the
Thirteenth : It was allaulted by the Trench , abandoned by the
Efiglijh 5 and buried in a grievous and mercilefs Famine s but in
the conclufion, has^ by its conftancy, gained a more glorious Re-
nown infucceeding ages, than thofe,whofe uninterrupted profpc-
rity niak^s thetn.the envy of the prefent.
This newes caufed a wonderful and general dejcftion a-
mong the whole Party , every one cafting about, how to make
his own peace •, and many made publick addreiTes to that end ,
allcdgirg 3 that flnce Rochelle was now loft , for whofe prefcrva-
tiononly they had taken up Armes , it was neceflary that they
alfo fhould make their own compofitlons , before a greater ex-
tremity befell them ; On the other fide the Komanijis, by means
of th. Confederates they had in the Townes of the Religion,
infufed fuggeflions into them, perfwnding them to a fpeedy
compliance , and that their early fubmiflion , would procure
them a better reception j offering withal, large recompencesto
thofe that could induce their Corporations to fend their Depu-
ties to the King , who at the fame time alfo, publilKed a Decla-
ration, wherein he prcmifcd to receive again into his favour and
proteftioHj any particular pcrfons, orTewns that fhould petition
him to that cffeft.
The people wearied and ruLied with the Warre, and whofe
fplrits naturally ftoop to advcrfity 5 the Merchants difcontented
at their lofs of Trading ; the Citizens grieved to fee their hou-
fesburntj and their lands lie idle immanu red, anduntilkd, all
cncline to a peace upon any terms whatfotver : But of all others
the djftemperof Caftres was thegreate#, by reafon of the divi-
^oTishtiYiztnChavagnac and Sai/it Germer , who fupported by
the Confuls, and others, who ftayed in the Town purpofely to
-mifchicvethe whole party , who played their game fo well with
the Council of AlbigeoiSy that they procured Deputies to be fenc
to the Duke of 7{ohan ^ to defire his prefencc, without which
their ills were irremcdible, and to fummcn him , upon hispro-
mifes, to convene a General Affembly, which might , togcthei:
tvith hitn> take care of thcpublique affairs 3 giving the Deputies
charge
1^2 The Afemqlres of the DhI^ of %o\\m. Book IV.'
charge to return wich his arifwer as foon as polTible , that accor-
dingly they might rcfolve on what they had to do.
This rerolution 3 as alfo the cicftion of the Deputies, was
made contrary to the ;i^\\cz o^Chavapiac ^ one of them being a
Kinfman of Sahit Ccr?/j''ns, yet was he fain to fubmit to it for
the prefenr. Theproj^d of thismeflage was grounded upon the
impojffibility they conceived of the Duke's being able to come to
them y and upon a belief? that were the way open) yet would he
never curb hisownpower by a General Afl'embly ; io that upoii
his refufal they promifed themfelves ^ fair and plaufible pre-
tence 5 to make their own particular peace , or at leaft ) that
making the AfTcmbly their own ? they fhould compel him to af-
lent to what they lifted : Which the Duke of Rohan. {ovdcdi\gi
and having alfoj before the arrival of the Deputies, refleded
on a General AfTembly, as the only expedient, to prefcrvc an en-
tire unity among them, he condefcended to all their defii.esj
and that he might lofenotime, took the Deputies with him to
Hfifmes, where they made choice of Deputies for the lower L^?2-
p{-edgc ; thence went they to the Seven.es , where they did the
like? leaving the time and place for the Convention ro his de-
termination : He fcnc them alfo Orders into Vivarct\ to elctl:
their Deputies too j and then, having taken Order for the gal-
lant fortifications he had begun at Aimargues ^ and all Gari-
fons ncceflary to be kept in the two Provinces, during his ab-
fence , he takes all his Horfe , and five hundred Foot, and with
tnem comes to Castres ahoatth-Q beginning o^ December y where
ht found Rouffeliere y, whom the Inhabitants of %xverdun had
driven out of their Town , by means of L.i VUnte , his Lieu-
tenant there , who fufFering hjmfelf to be feduced by their tem-
ptations, had drawn the Garifon out of the higher Town , and
given it up into their handi : This was alfo much promoted by
the mif-intelligence happened between Ma^ar'tbd ( whom the
Duke ofRoha/i, upon the death of Sain!: Eflic^fie, had made
Governour of Foix ) and la Rouffeliere ^ upon this occafion,
for that Ma'^aribal his facility made him too much yield to the
follicitations of fome of tile Inhabitants of Ma\crcs ( whofe vil-
lainy was not then known to him, as he confcffed afterwards,
and that he took them forpcrfons well-aftc<fted to the Party}
to uphold the Enemies of /rt Ronjfellcre both in Savcrd/my and
Carlaty which made him requite his courtefie, by fhewing fa-
vour alfo to all againft whom M.i\mbal had any Picquc j and
to fuch a height grew their animofities one againft another, that
M.i^iribat obfrruded, as much as he could , the payment of
thsGirlfonof SA-jSid'My and gave free pafTige to chq Souldi-
Book IV. The CMemolres oftheBnke of Rohan^ r a "i
crs that ran from U Kouffellere -, which much elevated the /pi-
i rics of his enemies , who cherifhed M.v::a,ibal vvichhop^s , thac
in cafe they could rid themfelvcs of the other, they would re?
ceive him into his place 5 but when? upon the expiil/ion of thQ
other, he had a minde to go thither to reap the fruits of theic
prpmifes , they reduced his train to a lefs number at the fiLfti
jindlhut their Gates upon hiai the fecond time 5 but protcilecl
notwithftanding to coiftinu:: fiim to the Party j which neverthe-
h(sy when they had fufficiendy fecured the pja'ce ,, they utterly
abandoned it,andprefcncly made addrelfjs by their Deputies , ta
the King. It was then , buc too late ) that Ma'^x,ibdl^ clearly
perceived the'wicked intentions of Ui Kouf'ierc's enemies,
ivhofe Treachery he could not now fufficlently aggra^
The firft thina;theDakeof Ko??.?;^ did? when he came to Ca-^
ft^es 5 was to aflemble the two Culloqucs of Albig?ois and Lai^^
iagmis y to acquaint them with the refolutions of the lowec
La/i-giicdoc 5 and the Sevmes , and to incite thctfi , by the others
example, to choofe Deputies alfo for the General AfTcmblyi
the like was alfo done by MoiUaiirbdii , Toix ^y and Ko'uergfi- •
After this he endeavoured to compofe the. difference, betue.ri
Chavagnac and Sain-t Germier., which was now grown into, fa
formal a quarrel , that mutual challenges had paffed between
them : But though Saint G rmier refufcd not to fubmit to a
reconciliation , yet would he not condifcend to own Chavagriac^
as his Superiour in the Town of Cafircs : But on the contrary he
profelfed publiquely , and in private, and even in the Council-
Houfe, that he would opuofe him in all things , and in all pla-
ces. This made the D-ike of Ko^^'W thmk of removing him in-
to the lovver Languedoc I to v^/hich end he offered him a Troop
of Horfe, and an honourable allowance to- himfelf and his re-
tinue; but his Partifans, feeing that this tended to the diffipati-'
on of their faftion, dilTwaded him from ic, promifing him with-"
all J that if he could find out any way to evade
that employment , they would make him Mafler of tKein
Town. ^ ..
The Duke alfo, finding the great fcarcity of Corn was in
Caftres , to fupply that want , gets them to refolve to borrow
ten thoufand Crowns to buy fome ; and offered them, during his
abode there 5 fufficient Convoyes to condud it fafe thither ;
Butfeeingthat could not be effcded , he feeks out fome other
way to fupply the neceffities of the Town: And underffandmg
that ;here was a great quantity ztSai?it: Amant ^ which lies in
the Valley of Md'^mu j he daps a Petarde to the Town > an4
Q. fey
X 94 '^^^ {JiiemQires of the Vuke of Rohan Book IV.
by that means enters it , and bcfiegeschc Caftle 5 whidi being
hardly prefT^d? yielded alfo , and at three or four Convoyes,was
thcLreaieft part of the Corn carried to CaUres : This exploit
yvas pertormcdby Chavagnaci He fentalfo for more provifions
to foinc of the Reli^iom "^hat living as Neuters 3 hoped by that
tiieans tolecure thcmfclvcsagaiflift all pauies.
He caufed Do?iarct the hrft Conful of Realmou > who was a
^reat inftram.ncot the raking of the Town 5 to be tried, andex*
Ccuted j but vv lib much difficulty, for that having married the
J'rcfident Mdr/tefp'ieii\ Neece ( fuch perfons feldom wanting In-
teiceflfours they were loth to pronounce a fcntence of
De-ach againft him : After this,the Winter came on fo furioufly,
that he could not proceed in his intended Dcfigne uponB/.?/^-
fac.
Whi'csheftayed at CaUres ^ he alfo defeated two feveral ne-
gotiations for particular Peaces: The firft was carried on by
Vejan a native of Montauban , who having formerly bought
the Office of Provofl: of the Town J which the Corporation op-
pofed as a thing long before abolifhed , after a long fuit , and 2
great expence of money he was faine to accept of what he had
disburfed : This man being at the Courtj had frefli hopes given
him of this Office , in cafe he could effeft any thing in this ne-
gotiation : To this Lure he ftoops, and having his CommifHon
difpatched, comes away with two Letters from G.7/^»^ 5 one for
Montauha/i^ and another for C<7iTf/fj. At the firfl place he was
refufed, andreferreatothe Duke of Kohan-^ and as for the fe-
cond, he durfl not go direftly thither? but approaches as near
it J as Bouquiere , which is about a League ffom it, and thence
Writes to D/ipuy, to iet him know that he was very deiirous to
fpeakwith him about a bufinefs of great importance j but he
fenr him word again 5 That he could not do it, unlefshe would
fJrft acquaint him with the nature of it : Whereupon he eflayes
a fccond time to prevail with him 5 but in vain ; fo that not da-
ring to come imo Cafires, he was fain to return again without
any further fatisfaiflion : Thus his Voyage bringing no advan-
tage to the Court, was norhing beneficial to himielf neither j
lyho reaped no fruits at all of thofe many fair hopes were given
him.
The other was managed by the Bifhop of Mcn.de ^ who was
fomcwhac more zeatous in it , as fhall be feen in another place ;
but for the prefeht he difcovered himfelf thus fiTr ? and to the
V>u\ico^ Kohiin too; th^tbeinga fervant to the Cardinal, fie
ffiad received a Comraiffion to Treat with particcilar perfonsj arid
Corporations^ either fcvcrallyj orcoii/unftively, and cfpeciaily
Book IV. The CMemoires of the Duke of Viohin. 1^5
with him; that if he would hearken tq him, he would procure
him conditions, in which he ihould find what fatisfadion he
could defircs but if he would hear of none but a general Trea"-
ry , he muft not cxped fo good ; and fo openly did he difcover
his purpofes, thutSalnt Michel Govanour<i( Montauba?i,(Qazr
ingleft he lliould engage in a Treaty without his Privity, fentit
Tcrvant of his own towards the Duke of Koban , to obferve whftC
was done, that the intelligence hefhould receive of the tranC-?
fidions there, might dired him how to fleer his courfe ; who 3
when he favv that the Duke would notliflen to a Man not. im-
powered by any Commiflion , nor admit of any clandeftine oc
particular Treaty, difcovered himfeit , and told him, that he was
ient to inform him from the Governour , that the Bifhop . had
made fome overtures to him concerning a particular Treaty for
Montauban. , but that he had rcjeded his Propofitions 5 ne«
verthelefs if he "fiad any inclinations to a general Treaty?, ha
was very well acquainted with him>and could do him much fervicc
in it. .
On the other fide, the Bifhop nothing fatisfied with Koharth
anfwer; and rightly conjeduringj that his prefcnce would be
injurious to his dcfign j refolves to have patience, untill his re-
turn into the lower Langmdoc j that in his abfence he
might the more effedually prevail upon the fever al Corpora-
tions.
There remained nothing more now, than by a Providenc
fore-fight, to prevent all inconveniencics? might intervene ac
Cafiresy during his abfence : To this end he fettles in the Con-
fulate perfons of great integrity , and no lefs fidelity to him/elf,
banilhing from the Town three of the old Confuls, and foma
others alfo, of whom he had great jcaloufic ; and placed there
four Companies of Foot, for whofc fubfiftence he alfo proVi«»
dcd : The bufinefs ,of Snint Gcrmier was the only thing he"
could nor handfomely cleare , becaufc he had abfentcd himfejf
from the Town > which obliged the Duke of Rohan to make aa,
' Orderj prohibiting C/?.!^;^^^^^, and the Confuls^ to give hinl^
or any of his brothers, any admittance into it ; and, in cafe he
came not in to them within the fpace of eight dayes » to Pcov
claim him a deferter of his Party : He fent alfo a Company of
Toot'mto Roqice-conrbe^ and another mio y^tarie -y forbidding
them alfo to receive Saint Germie-^ and his orothers 5 and leaves
three hundred Men, which he brought out of the lower Langue-^
dQCi/iTiSalm Amxnty where? for their maintenance* he allotted
t^emchsirproporUonsoucof aparcof the Com was found
iKerc. ' o . ' - '•
O X When
Ig6 The LMemoires ofihe T^uhe ^/Rohan. Book IV.
When he had done this, he went wich the Deputies of the
Genial AircmblytOAa.ds ^^if'/icsy where he faw the ftorm was
like to fail, and where his prcfrnce would be moft ncccffary •, and
conceiving; it alio i very convenient place for the General AfVern-
.bly^madc no long delays after his arrival thcre^before he foim-
cd It.
The fiill and moft important affair that fell under their con-
fide'itlon- wnstharor C.i[hc5: Saint Gcrmici; after the depar-
.lure o" the Duke of i^^^-^^^ thence- animated by the Fugitives
of Cd(i,'S^ and importuned by thofe of his Fa<ftion5 that were
IcftintliC ro.vn, • "lom ti'b Mother, and his Wife, whofc Sex
priv;l:dc;cd iheii ftay there chcrifhed in their dlfcontCntSarefoIves '
to return thither agjain, and ind.^ed he himfclf was the fourfh
man that came to the Gate,and meeting with no oppofition there,
he goes up di' rftly to his quafiers, where thirty or forty perfons
flocking to him, perfwade him to go out into the Market-place ,
alluring himjihat all the people v. ould joyn with him, Cbavag-
naCy who was then at Chtirch, liavjng notice of his arrival ,
raifes hiS Garrifon, commands his own Troop to make ready, and
refolves to charge hiP-i, uherevcr he fliould meet himj but his
Lieutenant, /* Espiiguet, being very opportunely mounted with
abouttwcnty of hismcn togoout uponaparty, hearing the A-
larme, goes dircftly to the place where Saint Gcrmicr was , and
without taking any other fiotice of him, charged him bravely j
in which adion he received five wounds, and loft one of his
men ; but he flew and wounded many of the others alio, whom
he fo fcattered, and difperfed, that they had no more mind to
rally again. Upon this rum^^ur, the Coniuls and Confiftory in-
terpofe in thebufincfs, and inftead of detaining him prifonerjtoo
charitably mediate for his quiet departure again : This is that
which ufually ruines all publick aftairs, the indulgence llicwcn to
offenders, under the goodly pretence of piety and ckfnency,
;which in other mens matters every one cries out for>
when astheir.own particular intcrcfts will not endure to hear theai
mentioned.
This mild comportment of theirs towards Saint Gcrmicr y
inftead of pacifying^, renders him more haughty than bcfore,puf-
fins; him up with a vain opinion, that this courtefic was an effe(5t
of their fear; fo that encouraged by his followers, and by the
affiftance of many Thieves, and Villains, that had ftieltered
ihemlelves in Tyoqiie-Coiribe^ begets into it, drives out the Gar-,
rifon, and makes lilmfelf Mafter of the place j the Affembly
G^;n!;ral fore-feeing the evil corfequences this Would pro-
duce? feat a Deputy to Ca^cSj with order to communicate his'
Coaimiilioa
Book IV. The LZiemolres QftheDnke ^/Rohan^ Tp7
Commiflion to Chavagnac^ and thf^ Council of theProvIncc^
and to endeavour to compofe tli^s difference, by fubmitting it to
the determ'nition of Arbitrators; to the end they might not
provoke S^iirf: Germhr to ^Ive away the Town; which being now
in hi* pofl'cfljon, he laughed at all mentions of an Accommoda-
tion ; fo that the Deputy at his return ireporced to the Aifembly,.
that all he had been able to do, was to confirm Roqtie-Coarbe in
their rcfolutions for the Reformed party, which '-they had anew
engaged themfelves by Oath, never to relinquifh 5 but that for
the prefent it was impoffible to difpofTefs S.iim Germi:r of it; •
bur yet that there was great probability that a little patience >.
togetherwith his imprudence, would give them v.'hat they aimed
at; and in effed, afe-.vdayesafcer, when he urged the Inhabi-
tants to declare for the King? who knew well they mufi men fub-
mittoa 7{^>mifl) (larrifon," they turned many of hisFaftion out'
of the Town, which fo terrified him, that thinking himfclf no
longer fccure there, he leaves the place alfo,and go:s with thciit-
to Cam J a houfe not far from it; which when Chavagn.u hade
intelligence of, he befieges? and takeshim, and one of his bro-
thers, with fifteen, orfixteen others, half i??o^^7zJ/?j-, and half
of the Reform* d Religions whom he fent to the Duke of 'R.'}h.ra ;
And yzx. after fuch aftions as thcfc, found he many Aav^ocarcs >
who deemed it too great a fevdrity to detain him prifoner, r II the
peace, and fe:med alfo much difcontented that his whole equi-
page was not reftored him, and a Troop of Horfe given him, that
he might ferve the party as formerly, and this was the conclu/icn
of this affair.
And now the Blfliop of Mmde renewes the puvfuit of his
^efign, with an E'Xay upon Mont:^uban-, to which end he fcnt
thither Vicrcsy a Gentleman of •l^''>a , who feigned himfel€
to be of the Religion, and wrote to the Town to this effeAa than
being now going with the Kings Pafs-port to wait uprn the D>ikc
<)f Rohan., with fome proposals tending to the general advartipe
cf them all, he would not proceed in his journey before he had
acquainted them with them, which if they pleafed to receive froni
hjs Relation 3 he was confident they would approve of
ihcm.
It was Hot thought fit to admit him into the Town,for fear of
the danger might enfue; but yet the natural curiofity of the
Vrmcht at fuch a time, when every one breathed nothing bur de^
fires of a peace ; made them very foUicItous to know what he
had to fay : Wherefore they fent four Commlffioners to receive
hisraelfage, whom he told, that being of the Religion himfelf,
he could not but be very zealous for the general welfare of thciv
I
1^8 The Mf moires of the P;/ib!^/Rohan'. Book IV.
*ny, and that the B.fliop of M'nde having full power to treat »
•c was going from him, to the Duke of Kohan, and the general
jAflembJy, with fome propolitions to that purpofc ; which , that
they might be the better refl'cntcd, and that their Town might aU
fo have their part of the thanks, and benefit thence accruing, he
advifcd them to fend th;chu lome Deputies alfo, oflicring the
Kings Pafsfor their fafiicondud s ^^'hen this was reported to the
Common- Council of the Town, they approved ot the advice y
and prefvntly made choice of Come Deputies, of which they alfo
advertifcd the Aflferably.
^ The Duke" of Rohan, had great jcaloulies of this Vieresy
fvhomhehadalongtimeknownfor a notable cheat j ncverthe-
lefs, with great impatience was this Addrefscxpcdcd 5 the report
of which being generally divulged, fufpended'all other thoughts,
every one hoping to derive fom. advantage from it 5 three weeks
paflTed without any further mention of itjat length came a difpatch
fromM<7?z^j;i5^^;^,importing,thatthcyhadr€ceiv'dintelligencefiom
the Bifliop, that he could not obtain the Pafs- ports promifcd by
V'leres j but that if they pleafed to lend their Deputies to
perfwade the General AfTcmbly to accept of fuch a peace, as the
King (hould vouchfafe ■ to accord them, and in cafe they refufed
to comply, that they thcmfelves wercrefolvcd tofubmit to his
pleafure, he vvo'.iid engage himfclf for the fafc conduft of theif
Deputies; This dlfcovcred the whole fallacy to the Town, and
made them rcfolve anew to remit all propofirions for peace to the
General Airerably, which ihey exadly obfervjd in that, made
themby theMarfhal de /;z Ffl?Tc, to this cfFcd, that tlie Kjig was
refolvcd not to iflue out any Declaration for a general peace ;
jieverthclefsjif they would Treat every one particularly, the King
admitting of all fuch Treaties, and r;tuii. g a peace to noTovvif,
it would at lall infnfibly prove a general one.
■ When this bufincfs of Mgntaiib^An. wascver,came averyur-
'^cnt difpatch from VivarctTj^ grounded upon this occafion, that
the Army which lay before Kochclle -, afcer the raking of the'
Town, went under the command of To >^ into rfuvirgnc , to
refrelli themfclves, and that they were now upon a March to-'
Ivards the upper f'^z/^^'fi'c;^, togo thcnceio P^aUnce in Dauph'mej
there to wait the arrival of the K:ng;this their fo near approachj
gave the whole Coutitrey a hot Alarmc ; cfpecially Sojofi'^^
^6/hich ChezuHles about fix Moneths before had feizcd , and for-
tified J fo that with great inftancy they demanded a fuppjy both
of men and amm' nition. The lovver Langnedoc furnifhed'
ihem w ith fifteen hundred men, the command of which was given
jby the Duke of Kohan to Saint An'l\c de Morubifnt as his field'
•i; ../..,- . . :' ■ Waiihalji
Book IV. The CMemolres of the Duke of Rohan. i9 9
Mirflialj with whom were alfo fent the Horfe belonging to Caf-
fu^fte, who about three msneths beforejwas taken prifoner 5 to
whom in this place I muft give his merited honourj publifhing to
the World with what generofity he with-ftood both the Menaces?
and Flatteries of the Court j forj he being the firft Coflful of
Niffncx, and of great authority, and reputation there 5 they ho-
ped by his means to raife a powerful fadion there, and wholly
take off that Town from their adherence to the Reformed
Party.
Bur to return to thofe of Vivaret^;, all whofe fears the King's
Army having tranfported with them over the Rhone into Dauphiney
they counrerm^nd the Troops were coming to their aflTiftance ,
which turned lo their great prejudice ; for that being now a bur-
then to the Duke o'i Kohan.^ who knew not yet well how to dif-
pofe of them, he was feign to feek out fome employment for
them, between Vha.ret'::^ and the Sevenes-, and to this end he
fent Sd?i.t Andre orders to make an attempt upon Saint ^ohn de
f^alle-F', ancifqm j and for the ipore convenient profecuting of a
defign upon f^illeforte or ?ojlcsyto fecure Genovillac^^nd Chanu
bcrigmd j he begins with Saint ^ohriy which he takes, as alfo
the Fort of Chimberigand, and feme other places, which were
like to incommode him, and then takes up his quarters at Gcno'^
ziillac 5 whence he marches with intention to block up F;//f-
fgrt ; but finding the Maiquefs de Fortes upon the way with a
greater power than his, ready to difpute the palTages with him ;
he forces him fiom them, ani fo advances to V'llle-fon, thinking
to have lodged his men in the Suburbs 5 but being not able to ef-
feft it, he retires to GmovilUCj and Sain-t Germain^^nd thence
informs the Duke of Rohan, that his men would leave all their
Colours, unleis they were dra-wn off thence; whereupon he gives
orders for their quartering at Saint Amhro'ix, Bxrjacy ^tz/o«, and
la. Gorce-y that they might be in a readinels to march to Frivasy
upon any occafion Ihould fummon them thither.
In the mean time came to bira new alTurances from England,
that he (hould never be deferted, nor any peace made, without
comprifing the .vhole body of thofc of the Religion in France
in general, and his Faroily m vaij^Icular j encouraging him alfo
to a conftancy in his refoiution, and not to be difmayed at the
lofs of RachcUc: Prince Thor:\s alfo of Savoy fent a Gentle-
man to him, to let him knovv, that if he continued in his former
humour, and would advance towards him, he would give the
King a handfume diverlion in Dau-phinSy and meet bim upon the
RhQfie with ten thoufand Fooc> and a thoufand Horfe 5 to whom
he replie^i ^Jixt he was n?.v in a better humour tha,n ever, and
' ^' ■■ - ■■'■ 0.4 rcaiy
2.00 ThMemo'resof the VpiJ^ of Rohzn. BooklV.
yeady to march upon the fi ft funimons h^ ihould receive from
|iim.
' 'T le K.pg in the mean time go:s x:owiivdsD.mph'me,hut becaufe
the plague was at Lyo^s Lodges at V"icn<ii ^ and a})pO)nts the
Rendcz-vous to be at Grcmblc, where preparation was alfo made
of all things necelTdry tor the relief and viftuaUing of Ca'^al-^ the
jjealouficsthefc preparatives railed in the Duke of Savoy ^ made
him look about him in fevcral quarters , there being an Army in
Province ready to fall upon A'-Cf ; another in BuJJhi to keep 5^-
I'oy in awe, and the King h'mfclf marching \\ith the third to
the ftreights of Safa, which isthe K.y of P/e^^^o^/' ; fo that the
Duke was fain to divide his Forces, that he might be ready to de-
fend himfeif in any parr where the ftorm fliould fall, and to call
in the Span'' fit Forces to affiil him in the defence of-
^ufa.
The prefent ftatc of affiirs, gav^ great probabilities that the
King would now have employments enough to divert him a 'ong
timefrom looking after thofe of the Religion ; and upon occafi-
cn of fome repoitsdifperfedamung the people of N\(m -f, that if
they had any inclinations to fue for a peace, all necelTary Pafs- j
portsfor their fafecondu6t fliouldbe given them; the Aflem.bly
took care to enquire after the Authours, and tiutli of thefe Ru-
itiours ; but findlne; them to be all firt ions, and the inventions
of fome Counfelloursof the Prciidialof Nfmcs, or of fome of
the Inhabitants that had been expulfed the Town ; or of foirre of
'Aigii'CmorteSy fome of them fet on by the Duke of Moritmore^icy ,
Othersby the Maiquefsof ^uremrs, out of an intention to ruine
them, by fo\« ing div'fions among th mj rather than to procure
them any good ■■, the >\lK;mbly m.ulf a Dccreejthat all pcrfons that
had any propofa'sor ovjrtures to make for a peace, fliould fi.ft
ferJng them to th Affemblyjthat the) might be examined bythcmj
and improved to their advantage ; expr^flely prohibiting alfo all
perfonsfrom fuchclandcftincj andmalicious buzzing of reports
among the peopL', to take ch .m otf from proceedingin the Forti-
fications they '.vcre then upon.
And next they fell upon theconfideration of a courfe to procure
afiim andlafting peace; whereupon they laid down this for an in-
fallible ground, that it could not be fuch, unlefs it Were made
conjoyntly with the King of £/^^/^;?^ j neither cculd he him-i
felf procure any upon (o good terms, without a previous dlfcent
into FrarLcei whither he was nowmvited by fo many confiderable ,
chncriicncies to favour him in the enterprife j the King being now
At the other end of his Kingdom v/ich his bcft Forcesjprofecuting
a dc/ignawas to be executed without it^ whtre he iliould have to
■ •. ' oppoic
Book IV. The Menioires of the Dnke of Kohzn. loY
oppofehlm, the Forces of cheEmpcrourj the King of SpaifZy^nd
the Duke of Savoy. To this cffeft a letter was written to him in
the name of the Aflembly, and the Duke of Roban, befeeching
him to embrace this offered opporrunity, and confirming the pro-
tcftations formerly made by thofe of the Religion in France, noc
to engacre inanyTreatyi butconjoyntly wirh him : And for as
mu:hascheir want of money was great, and that without fomc
Forrain afllftance, it was impoflible to keep their men togethcr>
or advance their Fortifications, the Duke of Roh,rn was follici-
ted to write to Chttfel, that they could no longer fubfift withouf
afupplyof mon§y> and that he fhould let the ^^^^-z^^iizr^i know,
that the peace of France could be no longer prevented, without a
fudden recruit. It was alfo refolved, that they fliould endeavour
to procure fome private Pafs- ports, that they might with more
fecurity fend into England ; up'on afTurance to be given to dif-
pofe all things to a peace : Die Cres ot Montpdlier , who , with
the confent of the Marqucfs de Foffe, came to give the Duke of
Kohm a vifit, returned from him with the fame promife, which
was alfo confirmed by the whole Afl'embly.
Thus were they careful not to omit any thing that tended er-
ther to their own defence, or the procuring of a peace, even at
fuch a time, when they had fairer hopes of goo^) fuccefs in their
aft airs than evcrj but Godj, who had otherwife determined of
them, blafted all their projeds : For the King, who left not
Vans-, to goto the relief of Ca':{aly till he had privately gotten an
afTurance out of England, which freed him from the fear of any
invafion thence? whil'ft he was engaged in that expedition, and
made him confident of a peace with that Nation5 excluding the
Reformed Party, would not admit of anyaddreffes from them,
fearing left they might prevail fo far upon him, as to induce him
to alter his determinations concerning them : To which may be
added, that furprizing his enemies by a nimble march, in the
dead of Winter, he eafily gained the ftraits of Siefa, and imme-
diatly after the Town alfo ; which brought fo great & ter j our on
them all, that VonGan^^ales raifed his fiege from before Ca\al^
the Duke of Savoy alfo, to pvtwcnt thz \q(s o( Fkdmont , folli-
cited for a peace, by which he was obliged to re-vi<5tual Cu'^al.
The King, that he might himfelf witnefs the performance of all
Conventions, remained about a moneth longer in that Coun*
trey; And then leaving Tciras with four thoufand Fcct,and five
hundred Horfe in Montfirrat , and the Marfha' Creqid with
the like number at Suja^ bent all his thoughts, and the rcfl of
his Forces upon the War in J-ang-ieetCy in order to which he
commanded the Marfhal Schomberg to advance before to Faience^
k ■ • ■ tc
W2 ThMemolrifof the Dfiil^e of ^ohni. Book IV.'
to receive the Forces that were coming out o^BicJJia^ and the
parts about •Ly')«x> to caufe the Train, and all other neceflarie?
to be made ready, and to conclude a Treaty already begun with
Chevfilles concerning Vivuret\: To the Duke of Mon.tmorcn.cy ^
he fent Orders to befiege Sojon-y to the Duke of Guifcy that he
fhould deliver up his Army to the Marlhal d* EflreCy who had a
Comniiflion to march with it into the lower LjinguedoCyto ravage
the Countrey about Nifmes ; not long after the King comes in
perfonto V-Ucnce with afew Horfeonly, and a few dayes after,
the Cardinal arrives alfo with the reft of the Army , out of
which were dravn fifteen hundred Horfe, and fent under the
command of the Duke of Trimoiiillc, to joyn with theMirlhal d*
Efirce,
In the interim of thefe preparations the £?t-glijb Imbafia-
«ioiir than refiding at ThuriHi gave the Duke of Rohan, notice of
the peace concluded there 5 but that it was not like to be of any
long continuance ; that the Army was now marching towards
him, but in fo tattered a condition> that if he could but ftand
the firft (hock, he would foon find fuch diverfions made,as would
be much to his advantage. Claiifd encouraged him yet much
more with promifes of a fudden Supply both of Arms and Money,
2^ifm2s-, and Almxygims wc^ntbucflowly onln their Fortificati-
ons^ Vfi\ a little better i but yet no Town would give quarter
to any Souldiers, till they were upon the point of bsins; beiiegcd;
which drove the Duke of Rohm to his ufual way of off .ring to
each particular Town to pull out for them, the Thorn,that pricked
them : And firft he addreffjs himfelf to S.iuv?y with over-tures
of an attempt upon CorjoMe, whither he goes j but findes it a
matter of greater difficulty, rhan his information had given him
caufe to apprehend ; for havint^ bartered their Works, the Walls
were not to be fcaled, but with Ladders of a very great length 5 ,
fothat thofehc hid brought with him proving too Ihort, he
was neceflitated to make all new again; which gave the Mar-
fhal d* ESfree, .( urged by the Marquefs de foffc ) leafure to
march to the relief of ic with C\yi thouland Foot, and four hun-
dred Horfe 5 whereupon the Duke drew off again to Smvc; and
the next day being defirousco view the Marfhil's Array as ic
marched, and who then took up their quarters at Sommierts ^ it
was demonftrated to him, that he could not get back again to
SamGilles, but he mufl: pafs the l^islre neart® Aim.rrg/ees ; or-
the GardoHy if he intended to go for yivaret':-^ as it was repor-
ted he did, at both which places he might with eafe be difcove-
rcd, and with advantage fought with : The Duke,that he might
not lofe this opportunityj writes to r/e-^ for fome more Forces,
and
Jook IV. TheMemtnsoftheDftkeofKoliinl '20}
aind fends Anbais to Ni fines for the (ame purpofeiI.e/"^«fX gocita
■Aitdii'^e for others > accompanied by Goudin , and M Baume^
he fent alfoto Saint Hippdyte^ and the neighbouring Garrifons
for more ALixiliarles, appointing his general Rendcz-vous to be
at Vauvage\ and he himfelf fcts put by break of day with t<ro
thoufand Foor> and fourfcore Horfe, to fecurc Canijfon^ a large >
but unfenced Town, whence he might be fure to take his advan-
tage which way foever the Marftial fhould take 3 but whether it
was that he had the fame defign upon Camffon 5 or that he had
intelligence of the Dukes marching thither with fo faiall a Forces
he found him alfoupon his march from Sommieres towftrds Caiiif^
fon.y reverthelefs the Duke having the advantage of thewa]r>
goeson direftly totheTown? and there began to fecure the a-
venewcs of it with his Van, that the reft, ( confidering he was
purfued by an Army twice ftronger than his ownj might in gooi
order pofTcfs themfelves of the Town; but the extream heat of
the day? and fame of the good Wincj wherewith that place a-
bounded, had already drawn thither the greatcft part of his Of-
ficers, fo that it was impoffible for him to govern them ; when on
^ fudden he heard many Mufquets in hisKear, which was then
skirmiflilnf with five hundred Mufquetiers, which the Mar^al
had fent before to try if they could break it; whil'ft he^ with
the reft of his Army flayed upon a little H'!l which gave him a
view of all the Countrey, and what was done even in Caniffon
it felfj whence perceiving the great and general confufion there,
he gave Orders for a general aflault ; Tht Duke of Rohan com-
manded Montredon to rally his men, together with Carlincas,
JInfignof his Guards; ^-hries he himfelf draws out a hundred
of his own Guard, whom he led up to the Caftle of Caniffon ,
which being feated on a lirtle Hill> commands the Town, and
circumjacent quarters, fo that ir isnoteafily affaultable on any
iJde, enjoyning them ftriftly to look well to the defence of that
place. This done, he goes round the Town, which he begins to
i'ortifiewith ftr ong Barricadoes ; juft as he had finiftied his cir-
cuit, he meets with Leques-, Coudin^ and la Baume , and tells
them that of neceflity they muft refolve to defend the out-places,
lintill the Barricadoes were finiftied : Ltques undertook the af-
fair, goes to the head of his men, and feeing that the Souldi-
ers that were in the Caftle, had quitted it, haftes thither with o-
thers,whom he placed in their rooms ; andfo eagerly difputcd he
his poft without the Townjthat wh .n he would have retreated thi-
ther, he found the enemy had intercepted his paflage, fo that he
was fain to take the Fiele : La Baume was alio ferved in the like
|ind€j as for Goiidin^ the Duke would net fuifer him ^ byrea-
204 ThcC^emolres of the D;ike ^/Rohan. _ Book I Y.
Ton of his \ioiind, to fhiic hlmfclf up in the Town; but when
he had taken the bcfl: courfc he could to prcfcrve his Foot , he
drew off withhisHorfeto 'N'lfmcs tohaftcn away the relief he
had before fent thither to prepare.
in the mean while Montredsn, the Major General, /^ Boif..
pere, a,nd ^/^\o»j after they had from poft to poft, difputed the
out-quarter$, retreated into Cam'Jfoff-y where they had no fooner
taken their fcvoral pofts to defend, but they received a general
and furious aflault ; but necefllty animating the Defendants ,
flicy bravely repulfed the AlFailants ; and whiles they looked on,
p€rfe<^ed their Barricadoes ; then got the enemy into fome hou-
fes, which they began to break through, thinking by that way to
openthemfelves a paflage into the Townjbut they were foon fired
• from that attempt j this ftorm lafted from Noon till Night ; the
Officers within behaved themfelves with much gallantry, both in
rallying, and encouraging their men i but Montredo}t,U EoiffierCy
and AU%pn.y who commanded in chief, got moft honour in this
aftionj both panics had their inconvenrencies ; thofc within
V anted ammunition, thofe without provifions ; fo that, that very
night -^he Marfhal d* Efiree, offered the befieged a Parley, which
they reje(5tcd, telling him withali, that they ftiould foon fee the
Duke cf Rohan there with frefli Forces, to make them remove
farther off, and indeed that night had he fent two thouland men
of Nifmc^i under the command of Aubais^ togetasneir Cmif-
fon aspoQ'ible, and to let the bdkged know, that he was now
come fo far to their affiftance ; but he returned again, without
giving them any notice of his arrival, either by MeflTenger, or o-
ther hgnal made, as he was exprefly commanded ; none daring to
adventure on the employment ; and indeed, fo ftraitly \ ere they
inverted, that it was impoilibic for any one to get in to them ^
this much troubled the Duke, who having refrefhed his Troops ,
refolved to go thither in perfom and either fave his men, or lofe
himfe-lf : To which end he fent Lcqi/es Orders to have the Gar-.
rKon oi A'mnrgue^ inareadinefstojoyn with him; but whirft
he was preparing for their relief, came newes to him of the capi-
tulation, which was made upon thefetermes. That thebeficgeJ
ihould with all fecurity march off to the Sevenes ; that the Mar-
Hial d' EHre'Cy (hould not enter the Town of Caniffo:i with his
Army ; but that the faid Army fliould be drawn up in Battailla,at
a great diftance from the way they were to pafs; that the wound-
ed of both fides, which could not be carried off, {hould with all
fafety remain in the Town; and that for the performance ofthefe
Articles, Hoftages fliould l?e mutually given a all which vvaspui)-,
ftually obferveaon both paris.3 of the party of thofe of the Re-
. , Ugion
Book IV. The (JMenwlres of the Duke of Rohanl 56^
llgion were (lalrl about fifty or fixty, and above double the num-»'
bcr wounded: oii\\t Komamfs were there four hundred flairiiaikl
eight hundred woundgd.
This was the ifliie of this aft Ion> in which the Duke of KO'
han. was very like to have received a check, would have proved
fatal both to hittifelf 5 and his Party too : But now imagi,ning
thai it was not without caufe that the Marflial fo earneftly pur-
fued this deiign 5 but that his Forces were intended for the
Counrrty about h'ifmrs ) he conceived he would again pals
the Vifb-e v\^iki Aimargues ^ that he might the fooner" recover
his quarters at Saint GiUes , which made him de/irous yet once
more to fee him ; for which purpofe he took two thoufand of the
Foot of Nifmc.^ , and his Horfe , with whom he came to Aimar^
guesj the next day he drew them up in a place between Almar-
gue^ and the Pafs , with intcnrjon to charge him when he (hould
behalf overs which the Marfhal having notice of , he changed
both his defign 3 and road, and lengthning his way a dayes
journey, pafled the River at i^'g//e/»oy^^yj and the Duke retur-
ned to Nifmcs : And feeing the preparations were making on
all hands for the invafionof the lower Languedoc y and the 52-
vcnes , he got the Towns of the lower Languedoc to receive their
Garifonsj alTignes the Regiments of Gm^/«, Fourniquet , and
Bon.2l, to N'lfmes ; thofe of l.i Baime and Faulgcres for Hfe-s^ j
and that of Sandres (or Aim^irgiies -, After this, and the taking
of the Fort of Sojon by the Duke of Mmtmorency y which coS
him biit three dayes time , though ChevriHes had promifed to
hold it out three weeks, the DukcoiRdh.tn having learnt the
particularsof the Treaty for Vivaret\y made by C/^ex-ri //ex with
• the Keeper of the fcals for twenty thoufand Crowns ; he thcijghc
it now high time to look aVtcr the fecuring of it s and fent Saint
Andre de Monthrun with five hundred Foot , and fome oi Caf*
fagni's Horfe , to Privas , whither he got ve:y happ,ly , having
defeated Montreal and/' Ejlrangc , who waited for him at fome
untoward palT^s in his way , with a fane greater ftrength than
his- At his arrival there, he found the C' nfuls with the Com-
mon Council aflfembledatthe Town Houfej whoiold him thac
indeed chey had formerly wilhed for his company, but that ac
prefent, they having no need of any Souldiers , it would be buc
aburtfiento themj and yet, that they might with the bettcc
grace refufe to admit his pat-ty into their Town , promifed to
quarter them in the Villages that lay thereabouts 5 which Saind
Andre perceiving, wasthe riiorerefolute to quarter in the Town;
Chevrilbs who was then az Cheyla y was fent for in all hafle ,
■ and coming thither the oext day with thofe of his Fadion, he
jo^ The LM^moirei of the Dftki of Koh^n. Book IV
prefemly affembles theCouncilof the Province, and of the
Xowo too 1 to perfwade chcm to rcqueft Saint Andre to return
again > and that in cafe their intreatics were inefFeftual , to in-
<iuce him to it by the ill ufage of his Men : which Saint Andri
having notice of , he goes in to the Aifcmbly , and there de-
clares that he wasfcnt thither p by the command of the Duke of
t^ohan, who only had power to recall him againe, and that
ivhatcver their determinations fliould be, he would not fline
)» foot thence without his Order: When Chcvrilles faw him-
felf thus fallen from his hopes , he tells Sjint Andrg'^ that in
cafe the Town fliould be befieged, he would do them better
fcrvicc without than within the place y that he would raife fif-
ceen hundred men, and would put as many of them into it, as be
fhould think neceflary,and with the reft would forrage arid cut off
the provifions from the King's Army.
His propofition was well approved of , and on the morrow
he departs : And not Idng after were there three Barques laden
with Salt taken upon the Kw;25 : Saint ^/i^re hafts thither, but
came not time enough, for that fome Frigotshad already forced
thofc that had taken them to quit their Prize .* Neverthele is in
this excurfion he learnt that the King was come to Valence but
with a fmall guard , believing, upon the information heliadre-
Ceivc4 concerning that particular from the Keeper of the Seals >
that the Treaty of ^i^'^r^^^ was abfolutely concluded 3 but thac
finding that the coming of Saint Andrd thither had altered the
whole face of things there > he was now preparing for the Siege
0^'Privas , which was to be blocked up within four or five dayes*
Large offers was he tempted with, even to the value of an hun-
<dred thoufand Crowns > but his generous refufal of them fliewe4
him to be a perfon full of honour and fidelity: Ac his return
to Frivoi he makes them all refolve to abide a fiege , , engaging
them alfo by an Oath, that the firft man> that ftiould but menti-
on a Capitulation 3 fhould be put to death • Then he affignes
to every one their refpedive pofts ; and Orders the repairing of
the out-works , to which* before his coming» nothing at all had
been done ; nor yet could he begin them > but the very day be-
fore the Town was invefted , and yet fuch diligence ufed he iii
it, thatfonac of them were made very defeiifiblej and held ouc
^rivcly.
The fiege was fcarce begun » when the Catdinal Came up
with the reft of the Array thac ilayed behind at Sf^fn : He pref-
fes Chevrilles to the performance of his engagement ; who that he
might not wholly lofe the recompence of hisTrcafonjdcflrcsto have
» p V t in the honor of the Siegcjoffcring to bring in wich him , i f^
b'uh-
Book IV. The Memoir es of the 1>uke of Rofaaal 2o J
hundred men J his offer was accepted, and he comes in^ but all
alone : The next day came a Trumpet from the King ( accom-
panie(^. with Argcncotcrt ) to fummonthe place : ChevriUesy who
tailed not to be at the place 3 whither the Trumpet was to comcj
fcnt one of his Captains to know what he had to fay , which
when S^tmt Andre was informed of , he hafted thither with all
diligence, and fent him back again without any anfwer at allt
Whereupon Chevrillcs feeing him refolved not to give theia
time to deliberate 3 whether they (hould hearken to a Capitula-.
tion, or no » leaves them again the fecond time , carrying witb
h im as many men as he could , and was alwayes the occafion thac
the Souldiersof Boiittieres went not thither to their afliftanccj
amufing them ftill with promifes to conduft them thither time
en®ugh, by this meancs ruining the endeavours of thofc whom
Splint ^»^/e had fcDt thither purpofcly to invite them to Acic,
afliftance.
.. He was no fooner gone, but Bmnel of AndnT^ , who com-
manded five Companies of the Jf'Z^fWfr, confederating with the
other Poltrons and Traitours , frames a confpiracy to kill Samt
Andre in cafe he fhould rcfufe to furrender the place ; and fe-
condcd by fome of his Faftion, threatens to give him up , if he
denied to comply with them : Whereupon it was thoughc
fie by the Council ,that he (hould have a conference with Gordcr^
which he had > but they could not agree upon the con-
dition?.
After that the Cardinal was come up to them, they more
clofely blocked up the place on every fide, made their approa--
ches and batteries , and then e;ave it an aflault, from whkJi
they were bravely beaten off with the lofs of many of their
men > yet did this ftorm fo terrific the befieged , that they in*
ftantly urge Same Andre' to give Cordes another meeting : Buc
in his room was fubftituted , and fent P'cnnes a Captain in the
Ke^imcnt of the Guards, wh® offered him very honourable terras
forhirnfelf, and the Souldicrs , but nothing at all for the Inha-
bitants i all which he refufed, protefting that he would never
defertthcm: When Sam Andre ^ at his return, gave the peo-
ple of the Town an account of the interview , it flruck fo great a
tcrrour into them , together with thofe Qi Vtviim\, that they
all quit the Town , and tiie to Bomleres , leaving Sam Aftdt'i
with five hundred men only to defend a place, which was not to
be maintained under twothoufand. In this extremity he con-
ceives it bis beft courfc to draw off to the Fort of Toulon 3 where
he might Treat with more fecurity j it being impoflTible to force
him there in any ihorctime> ©rvY«houc thcbfsofa great num-
ber
5o8 The LMemoires of the DukeofRohm. Book IV,
ber of Men : About break of day Dcffiat, Gordes , and Venues ,
dcfire a conference with himj which he condifccndcd to; at
which they make him no larger offers than of his own life only >
in cafe he would abandon his Souldiers? which he gcneroufly re-
)z^zdi3 and returned to embrace the fame fortune with them:
When they faw this ma,de not any impreflion on him , they fum-
. moned him once more tofpndfomeof his Officers to them with
his final refolution : Bruml of Dauphlnc offering himfelf for
this employment 3 was accepted of; three journeys made he to
them , in which time being corrupted by the enemy 3 he returns
from the laft with an affurance of all their lives; but adding
withall, that they would not give any thing under their hands,
VLVnWl Saint Andre, withfomeof his Captains had caft them-
felvcsattKe King's feet to implore his pardon; and moreover
that the Count of So'Jfon^i who was to prefenthim to his Maje-
fty, had given him a flri(ft charge to tell him, that he fhonid
hafle to him with all fpeed , that he mufl not now lofe any time ;
and that he did with much impatience wait for him : Where-
upon he affembles hi^ Captains , who all ear^eftly importune
..him to go; which when he fcrupled at, they break out into o-
pcn reproaches againft him , charging him with having enfna-
red them in a danger from which he would not endeavour to free
them : Forced by their inveftives, he goes out with five Ca-
ptains 5 Sam Preuil and FonriUe condud him into Sajnt Si-
mon's Chamber , where, the Cardinal coming to him, told
,him, that fince he was come forth, without any parole given
him J he was nowaPrifoner: Then was he forced to write to
thofe in the Fort , to advife them to yield at diferetlon, and that
they fhould receive the fame ufage he di^l ; who, refuting to cre-
dit thofe Letters ? or Brunei, who wasfent with them , defire to
fee Saint Andre , who was conduced up to the F©rt with a
ftrong guard : As foon as they faw him, they imagined them-
felvesfureof their lives, and thereupon refolvcd to give up the
Fort : Thofe that firfl entrcd it , fired fome barrels of powder j
purpofely to colour the cruelty they were commanded to execute
ypon thofe that v/cre in it : S^nnt Andre and his Captains were
kept Prifoncrs : Thus were moft that were in the Fort betrayed
to their deftrudion ; fome of the Prifoners being hanged, and o-
thcrs fent to the Gallies.
I have related the particulars of this affair, to let the world
fee how that the pcrfidie of ChcvrilUs , the two Brunels , and of
. the moft confiderablc pcrfons in Vrivas occafioncdthc miferablc
dcftruftion of their Town 5 and a great part of the Inhabitants,
ruined the relief of Lan^ndoc 3 and fruftrated thofe of the Rs-
ligiQD
JBook IV. The UMemotres ofileDnke ':;/Rohan.^ ioj
Ji2;ionof anopportunicy CO obtain a very advantageous Peace ■>*
vxhichi, fince rhe publication of that with Eagivid (^ which wa^
made dunni.T this Sle^. ) they had entred on a Treaty upon with
the Marq'.iefs de Fcjj^e, who was to that end impowered by the
King's CommifTion : But the taking of this place, as little
dreamt of by the Koma/iiji^ , as thofe of the Religion ( conflder-
ing their brave refiflancc at the beginning of the Siege) quite
ruined that affair: For E>/^ C.o^ had procured conference be-
tween/^/^^^-z/^j 'Diipuy, and Luca:j. , Deputies of the AflembJy
general, with the faid Marquefs^ and although at their firft in-
teiviewjhe refufcd to proceed , unlefs they would recede from
their demands , concerning the demolition of the fortifications 5
y.ec With more advantage might they have Treated, while the
King was further off, and Vr'ivas held out , than when he
Ihould come into ^tSevcyics -, and there difcover the Fadions^
\veakneffcs,barener5,andTreacherics,thac were too frequent among
ihofe of the Religion.
The lofs cf P/^i^-'7^5 from whence was cxpe<5led a longer op-
portion, flirptlz.ed the whole Party with terrour and amazement^
and put the Dukeof K<?';a« in mind, that It was now high timd
to go to the Scvcncs , to take Order for the fecurity of that Pro-
vince 5 and to oppofe the firft attempts that fhould be made up*
on it : This Voyage was hitherto retarded by his fear to leave
Isifmes ( which many endeavoured to feduce from its fidelity^
till he had fupplied it with Souldiers , which , untill compelled
b y necc{licy,they would not receive ; and wichall by reafon that
having; refolved loX^QiytLtques thereto command in chiefs in
cafe it ihould be befieged , he durfl not difcover his intentions
in that particular too (00a , becaufe he knew that Aubais aimed
at the fame command 5 and that he endeavoured by fecrct pra-
dices to render Lcqiies odious to the people , and make himfelf
to be dcfiredby them ; In the like perplexity was he for Ufe-^y
v/hcrz G on dra ambitioned the Government 3 but was abfolutcly
refuf^A by the Inhabitants: Nevcrthelefs, at length he fets ouc
from N'ijmes , goes to llfe\, and thence takes Fanlgiere's Regi-
ment with him to Alct\ , and thence put it into Saint Amhroix y
in hopes that the oppofition that place would make, would give
him more leafure to provide for the Scven.es , where he thought
to hive found a good fum of money ready raifed, ouc of fome
Farms he had engaged for his Leavies ; but the apprchenfion of
the King's coming into thofe parts ? made moft of the Farmers
refufc to dlsburfc any : Upon their default he propofed another
expedient, that the Bayliffs fhould advance the money for the
tf aviesjand thac> {or their rq-ia^urf^iiiem both of the Principal
2 1 o The MemoWes of the Dnks of Rohan'. Book IV.
and Inteieft , fliould be aiTicrncd them not only the aforefaid
Farms, bur alfoan impoficlonthcn newly laid upon the Coun-
trey ; but all thcle inventions, being not of torcc to cxtrad any
money out of their purfcsjthe Duke was fain to addrcfs himfclf to
the CommLinalties.
In the mean time the Marflial d' Efrrec , and the Duke of
TrimoiiiUe began to ravage the Countrcy about K^Jmcs , where
there pafl'ed many handfome skirmilTies •, in which, thofe of the
Town f who killed and wounded twelve or fifteen hundred of
the enemy J had alwayes the better, except one day, when
feme of the Inhabitants? too inconiiderately advancing? were
furprized bythcHorfe , whodtal-fo roughly with them, that,
befidcs thofe which were wounded , there remained forty dead
upon the place ? and had not Lcqucs come in with frcfli Troops,
there had been much more mifchicf done: For his own part
he was forced from his Ho rfc 5 which was killed under him 5
but the Forragers came not wiihin Canon-fliot of the
Town.
The King on his fide lofes no time 3 but after the taking of
T'livas y fendspart of his Army towards Goireand Biirjac, which
were given up into his hands : Bcairjoir and Saint Vlorcnt make
their peace, and then turn Brokers for the places belonging to
the Reformed Party : The former of them comes to Saint A^^
hioix, to perfwade the Inhabitants, to imitate the example 06
Sarjac 5 which the chiefeft of them were fo ready to confent un-
to, that, had not the Souldiers interpofed , the thing had been
then done : Neverthelefs they continue their correfpondencics,
fo that upon the King's approach 3 though he had no Canon
with him, nor could have any come up to him within eight or
ten dayes > fear united the two Fadions in the Town , who be-
fore were at mortal odds, and both together force the Souldieiy
to a compliance with them , fo that the Capitulation was agreed •
on, upon condition that the Souldiers (hould no more bearc
armes for the Reformed party: At which Article, when one of
the Captains fcrupled, the Duke of Montmorency told him, that
iione ever treated with the K'ncT upon any other termes? but thax
itwasbur a formality only, and obliged no man farther than he
pkafed himfeU': And then flitters one , and another, with
promifes of great rewards , if they would rcpaire to /ikt\, and;
ferve the Kino; there, by joyning with the Count cj Alci^, who-
had promifed to give him up the Town : Thither then marched'
all the Souldiers from SaUt Ambroix ^ where they cxcufe them- •■
fclyes by revolving all the blame upon the Inhabitants, whoi"^
coiDpciled them to yield the place > promiiing wichall 3 that not- ^
with"*
Book IV. The CMemolres of the Bah of Rohan^ 21^
withftanding the Treaty, they would ferve theRcfoimed party^
vv'hercver they fliould be commanded. The Duke of Ktihan was
then at Alet^-, but had no Forces ready for feivJcc) but the Re-
gimencof Foulgieresy and five cr fix new raifed Companies ; the
King being then within three Leagues of him with all his Army,
the people of Met\ very wavering, and uncertain whether tl\cy
ivouldfland upon their defence or no J and the Baron of Aln^-i
who had promifed to deliver up the Town, that he migh: the bet-
ter eft'^d it, would'by all means be Governour of it ; but the
Duke was d.firous to place /iubais in that command} for that be-
ing Picld-Maillialj everyone would have fubmitrcd to him, and
pr.omifed to leave with him all the befl men he had j but he excu-
fed himfelf J for that bcin? refufed, the Government of Nifmeyy
he had taken up a refoluticn, nei^er to flay within any befieged
place.Thcn offers he it toAffa^^io whofc age and experience :very
one would have born an honourable refpeftjbut he alfoabfolutely
refulcd it : Wriereupon he fpeaks to Eoiljlcre c©ncerning it ,
whofe mod-flyj no_ fuffering him to think himfelf fufficicnt for
it, made him refufc io t'jccpt or the charge, as Commander iri
chief J but oiFcred to ftay there as fubordmate to /dubaisy or an^
other the Duke fhould think Hcting ; fo that in this exrremiry he
was fain to leave rhere one I/iirtzbcl^ an eld Gentleman of yiva^
ref^, of a weak light, and as feeble Ijnbs ; And when the King
came to take up his quarters witliin a League of Alct\^ the Duke
of Rohan, took the Baron d' Alet'^:^ with hims and went thence
that very morning before theT^wnwas invefled ; piomifingibe-
fore his departure, to fend them what fupplies of Souldiers h6
could poflible i of whicli he took fo great care, that at feveral
times he fent them in above fifteen hundred 3 befides the Garri-
fon was there before, which at lengdi he raifed to five and twenty
hundred in the whole.
When the King fawhimfelf fruftrated of his hopes of gaiii*
ing the place without forcei he fent for his Canon, and, ('thac
hem'ghtlofe no time j began his approaches; part of theTowri
of Alet\ isfeated onaPlain, and the other fo near the Hills ,'
that they command above half of it ; the River Gardo'd runs fa
near the Walls, that it is rather prejudicial, than ufeful to the
'Fortifications; for that being but a fmall Torrent, fordable iri
mofl places, and running fo near the Town, it leaves no fpace
tor any Flanker to be made; nor could it be fortified within the
walles by reafon of the houfes which made a part of them ; fo
that there was no way to fecurc that part of it, butbyraifing
Works on the other fide of the River, and Forts upon the little
Hillsi which eommand all a good diftance from them? and muf^
Pa be
7 12 '^^^^ Memoives of the Duhc ^/Rohan. Book 1 V.
be joyned by aLinc of Communication to two great flonc -bridges,
which crofs the Rtver. In fhort, it was a work of vaft labciit
and expcnce, nor could the Town be kept, but by a ^leat number
of men, which was the reafon it was never till then fortified j
But the pcoph now feeing that A/tdu^c was fortifying, would
needs imitate their example ; a malady v/liich raigned in moft of
the Communaltici,of the Scvtcy^ and this difcovercd its in-
feiflionj when the Duke wns abfent, and upon his Voyage into
Foix ; who though he well l-new there were already more fortifi-
cations begun, then they had Souldiers to man, yet would he
not crofs them in their humour, for fear of vexing and difcoura-
gingthem; there was yet this further mifchicf in it, that befidcs
that, they took things beyond their pa/, er to accomplifli ; when
once the firfl heat was over, they would not employ what they
had as they ought, nor would they work, but when compelled by
their fear^ ; to which I muit yctadde this, that when they were'
moft intent upon the raifingof thefe fortifications, It was impof-
fible toperfwadethem toftore ihemfelvcs vvirh other liecellluies
requifite to the defence of their Town J for in fuch defigns onr
expence draws on another, and if cne of thefe four things be
wanting, to Vvit, Good n'ey{s, Ain'mnnitioii y ViCiimls ^ and
Souldiers^ all other provilions are but vain and fruitlefs.
This being the condition of this Town, they were very much
furprizedjhavingncgleded to raife a third Fort,which omifliony
theDuke willing to redeem, in great haft makes up one of Barrel?,-
which flew in pieces at the fiift on-fet, and on this fide only did
the enemy raife their Battery, between the Bridge, and the Duke
d' Engniilefm'Js Garden; th'sfirft aflault fo terrified the Inhabi-
tants, that they thought of nothing now, but how to make a
handfome compofition, to which they were incited, by the Ca-
ptains that came from Snirf Anibro-r^ and thofe of the Baron d*
Alcf^ hisFaftion) whofc follicitations wrought fuch dangerous
cffeds, that they made Holes in rheir Walls to let the Beiicfiers
in ; which being difcovercd, the breaches were repaired, but the
cfFenders not punifhed ; fo that the mifchief was only delayed ,•
not remed ied ; and the dififfji'tcd made more induftrious to con-
ceal their Treacheries : Two or three of the aforefaid Captains
u'l'on their own requeft were feiTtto the Duke of Rohan , to in-
form him how weak the place was, both in men and refolutions-
toftandicour, that the numbers- ot the Garrifon there before^
and of the recruits fcnt thither fincc, hourely decreafed, by their
continual fllgfitfiom it; whercunto he replied, that what they
had faid, could not be; that he very well knew what Souldiers He
i^feadleft thcrCi and whom he had placed over thcm,that he would
?. daily
Book IV. The C^iemolres oftheDnhe of Rohanr 2 1 :?
daily flrengrhen them with convenient fupplies, both of menjanJ
Am nunitions; and therefore perrwatied them to return again
to them fpeedily, ro animate them by their prefence ; which they
plainly refufed, alledginff once for all, that it was the next way
to be hanj^cd, confideriiLg their engagements to the Duke oi
Mmtmo'-eiicy^vwh.tn they march.:'! out of 5'.?i«'^w&/'<7.':tr: whereup-
on the D-ikc being informed thai they had had fecret conference
with the B.iron d' Al:i\-, and that they had agreed together
tliat his Cornet MeCngins Ihould be fent in to Alet\.y he com-
-manded they fhould be all apprehend ':d,and fent Blacquure thi-
ther with a recruit of five hund'-cd men, and .(h oxprefs com-
mand to kill the fi.-ft man that ihould but mentK n a furrcnder >
but the malady was then pifl cure, the Townfmen having hid a-
way the ammunition, and defcrced the moft neceiTary Work of
tcrraffing that part of the Wall which wasoppofite againftthe
enemies flatter y, fo thac all hecoulddo,was to protedt the capi-
tulation two or three dayes longer, andby that means lave five -
and twenty hundred men, whidi had they been loft, as were
thofe of Privasy it would have deterred all others fiom any fu-
tiii-Q engagement J that which was moft fatal in this reddition,
was the Article femblable to that of S.iim Arfibrolx ^
VA/hlch difabled them fiOm evermore bearing Arms againft the
King
As foon as the newes of this was brought to the Duke of Rohm^
immcdiatly he fent away Falqiiieres the Lieutenant of his Guards
to S.UiVi',\vh:re the furrender of Alct^ had ftruck a general ter-
rour into the Inhabitants i the moft confiderable of which, out
of hopes of obtaining good conditions for themfelves, by the fa-
vour of their Lord, the Count d' v^/c/^c^, denied to let him in-
to their Town ^ but Falqiiie/CT, being of the place, and having
much acquaintance in it, by the means of fome Ladders he had
procured, got in j but found the people fo refolutely fixed upon
an accommodation, that having feized upon the Caftie, aada
Tower which commanded the Town, and ferved it inftend of a
Citadel, told him openly? that they were now refolved to f^ek
t)ut fome way topreferve what they had leftjand not expofe them-
felves to an utter ruine.
In the interim the Count of Alet\^ invited by thofe that
had privately Treated with him,ad,vanccs with three or four hun-
dred Horfe, within half a Le^ueof the Town, where when he
: underftood that the arrival of Falquidcs w ith his Souldiers, had
prevented his entry into the Town, he fent a Trumpet to them,
with offers of fair propofitlonsj Falqukres could not bv any
ii^sans dlffivadcj nor hinder them frou^ fendijig back a McfTcnger
2^4 '^^^ LMemeWcsofthe P//i^?i/Rohan Book IV.
acrain to aflure him, that though they could not give him admit-
tance at prefent, ycc were they Klafters of all rhe Fortsjand thaq
if the Duke of Kohm did not fuddenly conclude a general
peace, as he had pioinifcd them, t'ley ^vould, by his afTikance j
make their own^in particular, not doubting but their example
would allure thc'greateft part of the Sevencs to an imitation of
them : To which the Cotmc replied, that it was in vain to expeft
a General Peace; and that the Diike deluded them with that Airy
fancy; but vvhirfl he made his own, and that then he would
leave them in the Lurch ; that if they could be a means to draw
cfF any other coporatlonsf.om the party, it would be much to
the advantage of their cwn conditions, and that they fhould
have but a GarrUbnof thirty Souldiers only in their Caftk; com-
pnanded by hlmklfi they altlued him of their zealous endeavours
to effect what they had promifed, and that within two dayes
they would fend him a further anlwerby a Mefl'cnger of pur-
pofe : Fiilqiii eyes tUsit hadfeenall thcfc Envoys, and heard the
free, and loud dlfcourfes of the people to him, fcnt the Duke of
Koh.m word, that unlefs he recruited him inflanrly with four
hundred men at leaft , he Ihould be turned out of the
Town,
The importance of this unexDefled ncwes perplexed him fo,
that he took alide three or four of h'.s Officers, !n whofe fidelity
he ie,^ofcd moft confidence, ro imnart it to them, and receive
their advice thereupon^fome of them ar fiift fight conceived that
the buiinef*; v/asdefperatc, and irremedible , induced ro this
opinion by their exnericncc in the precedent Wars, of the difaf-
ftdion of that Town to the Rt formed party; and (hatbefns
now Maftcrs of the Caftle, they might at their rleafure jet in
(he Enemy; that it would be a thing of great d fficulty to fend
them any Soiild'ers; for that the people of Andw:^, that very
moment expeiled a ficge, and had not fufficient for their own
defence , would be v^ry unwilling ro part wich four hundred
men ; that If the Duke of Kohan fhould go in perfon thither*
whichv'-asthe bed expedient for it, they would prefentlyraife,
and difFufe a report, that he had abandoned all; fo that it was
to be feared, leaft his endeavours to {Tcferve S.-r/^rCjfhould prove -
anoccafionof tht-lofs of Afi-dii'Ke -y fo that their advice was to
fend Falquieyes and his party orders to defend themfelves the
bcfl they could ; and to promife them a good afiTiftancc, in cafe
the K'rg fliould drav/ towards them ; but that for prefervation of
their ftorcs, he would nor charge rhem with any more Forces,un-
til! ncccflicyfliould draw tliat burden upon them; others were of
oj-inionjihat the place was of fuch confeqiience^ that the lofs of
. ' . ■ it
Book IV. The (J[{cmoJres of the D^ke of Rohan. 21^
ic would draw afccr it all the Scvencs^xx^ to Vigari, and cut off
all communication between AadiiT^, and the lower Lan^cdoci
fo that the Duke oi Ro'iiVti would be totally blocked up there>
without any poflibility of breaking through a^ain j that the lofs
of it J as was that of Vrlvas, and Saint A'fib't oix , would be
wholly laid to his charge 5 and that it mio^ht be juftly feared^left
the people of A'^-du\Cj who were known to have inclinations fe-
ditioiis; enoughj andhaddoreof maKgnant fpirits among themj
iliould enter into confpiiacies alfo againft him j in fhort? that
this extremity gave them a capacity to betray him, and therefore
It were better to attempt to fend foiu: hundred men to Samd to
preferve both himfelf, and the Town too.
ThisCounfel was accepted of, and thereupon he drew out
all the Garrifon of AiidH\Cj and out of it chofe four hundred
men, to fend to the relief of Sai-rje 5 but none would undertake
thecondudof them, but the Adjutant- General Kandonynoi-hc
neither} but upon condition that f to fecute his own honour }
the D/.'ke would allo,\ him the liberty to retreat with them aga,n>
in cafe he faw the King'; Army advance towards him ; engaging
himfelf neverthelefsnotto makeufeof it, unlefs enforced to ic
by fome extremity 5 thus was he fain to expofe his own^to fave the
honour of another.
Amid'flthefe perplexities, which were nofmallones, the
Couit-f"a<5lion in the S^v:jics ufed many fubtile inventions to
induce the Communalties there to a particular Treaty, exclud.ng
the Duke of Kohan j the mofl: dangerous of which, were ; firft,
to hinder the march of the relief froLU Andifze to Sauvc^ttni-
fying them with continual Alarms^ that a part of the King'i' Ar-
my was to crols the Countrey, which they would overwhelme with
blood and fire , fo that no: a Souldier could be rerfwaded to flir
from his houfe ; the next was.without his pcrmiflnn to convoque
an Aflembly, to which were fummoncdonly thofe they were fure-
would confent to a Deputation to the Court in the name of many
of the Communalties for a particular peace ; andthelaftwas to
afperfe his honour, by fcandalous infinuations, that Frhas, and
Sa'mt Ambroix were given up by his efpecial order; that BIac*
^wcre wasfentto /^/ac^ for the like purpofe ; and that having
made his own conditions, he would expofe the fople to a necef-
,fity of accepting fuch as the King ihould impofe upon them ; and
in effed thefe, and the like defamatory rumours ipread abroad ,
by petty, but very faftious perfons, that hoped by fuch means to
raife themfelves a fortune, raifed a general murmur againfl him;
for the people, ( efpecially thofe of Languedoc ) are naturally
i«ron.e co bcliQVe the vvorftj of the beft, and the beft^of the worfi:
P 4 foi^
il6 Th {Jiicmoires of the T>Mke <?/Rohan. Book IV.
fort of men; readily coinplying with fiich clamorous perfons, as
coHtlcmn the ad ions of other men, when as themfclves do no-
th'.ne; at all jbur vail their hypocrifie with an indifcrect zeal, tend-
ing only to fcdkion, and the iubvcrfion of their Religion, and
libeitics.
The Duke was at the fame time follicited by often repeated
MefTaf^es from the Provinces of the higher Umgit-cdoCy Foix^Msn-
tan-bafiy and Ko'ilcrgiiCy both for m:n, and money. Md'^^aribal
Jends him word, that unlefs he were recruited with a hundred
pood men, and ray for them, it would be impoflible for him to
prefci ve M-f-^fiCs ; and that without fuch a fupply, or a peace, he
fliould within one moneth be forced to quit the Countrey : Sain-t:
/Aichil, andthe Tounof iViV^fj/zt'it;?, tell him, that the Prince,
and the Duke d' E'^fcrnon, were drawing down to Ravage the
Counti ey abo nt them, which tliey woul i inevitably ruine, unlefs
he fentthem fome afllilance to prevent it ', but that with athcu-
fand men at moft) and money to pay ihem, v.hich they earneftly
impocti ned him for, they made no doubt bravely to rcpulfe them.
ClhiViign<c, and the Town of Cjflyes remonfliratc to him, that a
Famine wouU inevitably furprize them, unlefs, they quickly ga-
thered in their Harveft, whicii they were incapable to fecure ,
vv'ithout a Renfort of a thou fand Foot, and a hundred Horfc,
paved for two or three moneths J and money alfo to mufter and
difchaiCTe the Forces of the Countrey 5 that the Duke of l^oita-
dofii'f who with his Army lay round aboutthem, had made tlieni
offers of verv' advantageous conditions? in cafe ihey would incline
to a particular peace, which they hitherto had refufed,out of
hopes of a fudden, and effedualalfi fiance, the want of which
would necefifitate them to fubmit to fuch a Treaty. MiUaiid'''a\[o
prefcntshim with the fame doleful Note; and Altcrac^ Gover-
nour of the Town? plainly tells him, that without a frefh fup-
ply of Souldiers, he could no longer undcrtake^he charge of it;
^nd all the reft of Vabres accord in the fame demands, either of
mentor a Peace.
The Duke of 'Kohan. oppreftwith the hourcly increafe of
fuch caUmities, faw no other expedient for their remedy, but a
General Peace, v.hich alfo was attended with many difficulties j
for he conceived that the King, feeing to what a low cbbe the at-
fairsof the Reformed Party were funk, wou'd not abate one jot
of the Article touching the Fortifications ; and on the other fide
he very well knew, that though the people had no refoUitions to
i^and upon, nor inclinations to prepare for a defence ; yet would
they nt-vcr digefl the demolition of their Works : If he fliould
jc(b;vs tc Hand it out; and ftiuggle with the the threatned extre-.
: ''" niiticsj
^ok IV. The (J^/[emmres of the B^ke of Rohan^ 217
Kilties, then heconfidered, that if he quitted Andu-^ ^ all the
SeiKMS would be loft7 and confequently all the Garrifons, up to
the very Gates of M-ontaub.m, miift fubmit j if he flayed there,
he fhould draw a fiegc upon a place no waycs capable to fuftain it;
but if the King, waving that, fliould draw towards Sairue, the
whole CoLintrey would come in, and every Communalty having
made its peace, Andu^e would be left all forlorn, and disfur-
nifhtd of Souldiers to maintain it: Bur the urgency of their af-
fairs obliging him fuddcnly to fix upon fome courfe that had leaft
of danger in itjhe pitched upon a General Peace j whichjthough
accompanied with never fo many diradvantagcs5V\ould be yet bet-
ter than an abfolute diiTipaticn of the Eaids, which would be
the undoubted conieqisence of the particular compoiitions of the
fcveral Communalties ; in ojder to which, hefummoned an Af-
fembly of all the Communakies of the Seyeties to be held ac
A'<^dii%e^ to diilolve that w hick was already convened without his
permifiion; andat the fame time fent Montredon. to thofe thac
fate at Ui Sulky to demand a particular Peace 5 to let them know,
that a Provincial Aflembly, in order to a General Treaty, was
convoquedat A'tdu-^e , and that, if they, notwithftanding his
orders to the contrary, obftinately continued their Seflicn,he had
a command from the Duke to afl'cmble the people of la Salle, to
make kno.vn their rtfrad£)rin£fs to them, and to require their af-
fiftancefor the apprehending of their perfons, and carrying them
away Prifoners ; his peifwafionsjvvith the annexed Menacesjmadc
them at length diflblve ; for Fear is oftentimes very perfwafive.
After this the Duke fent for Caudiac, a Counfellor in the
Chamber of Languedoc, who had already made feveral journies
to the Court, in order to a Peace, and was now but newly re-
turned thence ; where he found that their only aimeiand chiefeft:
hopes now, were, a totaldifilpationof the party by particular
Treaties ; him he deiires once again to return thither, and to tell
the Cardinal de Richelieu, from him, that he was a faithful Sub-
jed of the Kings, that he defired nothing inore, than the Tran-
quillity of the State5and the Repofe of his own party ; and with-
all, that both he, and thegreateft part of them, would expofe
themfelves and fortunes to all extremities, rather than fubmit to
any Peace, but fuch as fliould be General, and Conformable to.
the former Edifls ri pacification 5 ihat it was a thing of dange-
rous confequence to force an armed Party, how fmall foever/rcm
all hopes of fafetyj but what rhey ground upon their defpair of
any ; and that if the King would Youchfafe to admit of a Gcne-
xal Treaty, and allow the General AfTcmbly but four dayes time
only to remove ficm j^ifm^s co Anduze^ an4 Pafs ports for the
• ~ ■ '" fafe
ji8 The C^iemoiresoftheDfike of Rohm, Book IV
Oifc conduft of their Deputies to comej and Treat with h's Com-
roilTioners -, and that in the mean time all Afts of Hoflility might
be furp>endcd,he was confident they fhould conclude a peace ; Cait-
diac cheerfully embraced the employment 5 and obtains the al-
lowance of the four dayes, together with the defired Pafs-ports ,
which he himfclf was commanded to carry back to the Aflem-
bly.
In the mean time every one is very follicitous to draw his own
particular advantage oiit of this fmall interval : The Kings party
continue their pradiccs in the Province 5 but with greateft ardour
profe cute they the dtC\gno£ Sauve, whither? when S^«^o« came
with the four hundred, Souldiers, the difaffefted , to exafpcrate
the others? opprefs them with quartering 5 and that they might
difguft the people with an apprehenfion of the Duke's under-
valuing of them, quarrel at the perfon of K/7«rfy» , as a man of
too mean quality to command them; and when, according to
his Orders he would have mingled his Souldiers with the Inhabi-
tants, to ftrengchen their Guarders in all quarters , they would
by nomeans fuffci; it in thcCaftle , but loudly objcded their
priviledgcs againft rfiat procedure , as an infringement: of them ;
a prevalent motive to work the populace to any thing; fo that
upon this ill ufage of theirs, Rmdorii unadvifedly told them, that
in cafe they refufed him the abfolutc command of their Town, he
had Orders from the Duke o^Roha-i to quit it upon the approach
of the King's Army : This inconsiderate exprefllon, fo indifcreet-
ly let fall by him, and as nimbly taken up by the difafFefted of
the Town,had like co have ruihcd all ; for they publifhed ftrange
Coments on it to the people , crying out, that the Duke had fenc
them men to abandon thcm,vvhen they fhould moft ftand in need
of their afliftance, and that defired only to pofTefs themfelvcs of
their fl:renii,th, at their coft, co purchafe thcmfelves better con-
ditions; fo that upon occafion of thefc jealoufies they called a
Council, at which they refolvedjto die all,rather than admit any
llranger into their Caftlc.
In the mid*ft of their deliberations came letters from the Duke
Q^Kohxn to convoque the Provincial AfTembly at Andii'^c, to con-
fultuponfome Articles for a general peace; which mollified them
fo,thac they nominated Deputies to fend thither: But when the
Council wasdiffolvedjthe difaffeAed exclaim againft this as a trick
of th& Duke oi 7{ohan to defeat their particular Treaty , and to
furprize? and detain their principal Citizens at Andu'^e, until they
delivered up their fortreHes into his hands .* whereupon they
thought fit to fend away the next day ,\ but one Deputy only to
founa the forde, and give them notice how things were carried.
Book IV. The Memoires of the "Duke ^^ Rohan. 2ty
^hac accordingly thy might be direfted in their compoitmemsjand
at the fame time fent they another privately to the CouRt d' A^
/ff:^) to let him know, that the hopes they had newly received
of a General Pcactjmadc them yet defer the performance of what
they promifed j but yet that they fufpefted it for an invention on-*
ly to interrupt the progrefTe of the Treaty they were already uponj
wherefore they befeeched him to clear them in that particularjas
much as pofllbly he could, and to belie vc/that in cafe it were not
real, that Sa.uvc {hould be at his difpofal, of which he might af-
furehisMij^fty ? and that they had received Letters from the
Communalties of Gan-ge^ Summne^ and V^igan^ impowring them
to treat for them alfo ; and that thoue,h Kmdon were in the town,
yet could they a'^ pleafure let him into the Caftle, of which they
were ftill rhc Mall .\'-s.
The King conceiving;, upon this newes^ that with much facili-
ty he might now polfeflehimfelf of the Se'z^c;?^^, in all hafte fenc
C^.Wiircwordjthat he (hould come back again to him, and let a-
lone the general AfTcmbly where it was: This MelTenger found
C/z/^i^^rc, and ill the AlTemblyon their way towards An.dii'^ -^ fa
that much amiied, they returned the fame way they came , and
Caiidio-c. as little fatjsfied, goes to A!et\. In the meane time Ran-
doriy a.r)d Fa!>ji^> ere s acquaint the Duke of Koh.i?i with the final rc-
folutions of the people of Sai^vc, and the frequent Envoy espaf-
ling between them, and the Count d' Alet\^ and that unlefle fea-
fonable preventions were applyed, the place would be certainly
loft; whereupon he put his power upon the rack for a new fup-
plyof fouldiers for them j and that he might the more effedu-
ally proceed inthe a plication of his remedies, he fent to have
the wound well fearched by his Chaplain 2? <?^i.7/j who had been
formerly Minifter of that Church , and of great authority a-
rftong them : As foon as he came thither, and had gotten the
Common-Council of the Town together, he prefented them a
true ftate of their affaires , (hewing how near they were obtain-*
ing of a general peace , if they prefervcd the union of the Party>
which particular compofitions '/vould divide andruine; after all
which their condition would be nothing more exempt from fears
or hazard ; that to introduce into their Caftle, a Garifon of a
contrary Religion 5 was not the way to prefervc inviolate thofe
libertiestheyle^edfb jealous of j that it was ill done to call
thofe Grangers, who were their kinred and neighbours , and had
forfaken their own Houfes, Wives, and Children, to come to
their relief ; thattorefufe the Generals Orders , and to fuch
perfons, half the Guard of their Caftle, when as they allow
shem that of their WaUsj andGate?^ was a diffidence ill grcun-
dedj
•z^o TheC^iemoiresoftheDHkeof^o\iin, Book I V.
ded, and probably of dangerous confcquence to the Party, con-
sidering the prcfcnt condition of things ; chat he very well knew
it was publiquely reported ? that the Duke of Roharx's forces had
no't acquitted thcmfclves of their devoir in the Towns lately ta-
Ifcn j but that he was as certain that the contrary of it only was
true ; that at Privas the Inhabitants defertcd the relief was fent
to them; that at S.iifit Ambro'ix Qiv\^ Alct\y they compelled the
Garifons to capitulate ; and that all the misfortunes that befell
ihofc places J flowed from thofe who either corrupted by the e-
nemy, orpcrfwadedby their ownfeares , quickly difFufed the
contagion o've r all the reft ; that they would do well to beware of
fuch plagues > and for the future to yield a greater obrcrvancc to
rhe General's Orders.
But all thefeRemonftrances were not fufficicnt to open the
Caftle Gates to give admittance to the ftrangers , which when
RoJ}\l perceived , he made a Propofitionj that the people fhould
nominate a certain number of them J the third of which fliould
be drawn out by lot to be there upon duty every one in his turn >
four and twenty hoiires together. The Comiiaon Tort approved
of this wiyi but the Confuls > who.diflik^d it , left the Council
in diftafte 3 faying? that fince they could be no longer trufted ,
they would difcharge themrelvcsof their Offices : Buuhey were
called bick again ; and before the difmiflion of the Council? was
the Guard eftabliflied. After this Roffcl \\CizsPii.yredo'd , one of
the mofl eminent of the Town, both for Eftate, Wifdomej and
Courage, and his particular friend, and one that had difcove-
red a great afFcftion to the Duke of Rohhi , whom he preflcs fo
far, that he at length gotfrc-nhim a confcflion of the whole
negotiation, between the Town, and the Count ^* Alct\'y and
u^on RoJJ'eU alTuringhim, that if they feparated not themfelves
from the Partyja General Peace would be Toon concluded; in
which fhou Id be comprifed thebufincfs ofReprifals ( in which
he was interefled to the value of twenty thoufand Crowns) Puy-
ncdon alfo promifcci him, that, whatever were the fucccfs of the
Deputy fent to the Count of Alci'^-, he would order things fojthat
there fhould be yet nothing altered for foure and twenty
houres.
When he had difpatchcd with thefe, he found that Kandon y
ijothing pleafed with the Agreement, threatned to be gone j buc
when he told him, that he could not be yet befieged for four
dayes , that if he would have patience but for two of them only,
he Ihould be furniflied with all things he could de/ire , he was
then better fatibfied ; and Roffci departed from Saiive ; and meet-
it^ 01^ the way with the Deputy that had been with tkc Cof^m of
Book iV. The Memoires of the 'Dnke of Kohsin. 22I
Aiet\'i he imparted'co him the great hopes conceived of a Gerte-
ral Peace, to which he gave noochcr reply than only yGod grant
it'y buc tui ning hiS difcouiTe to the Captain? that convoyed Rof-
fel, hetoldhiin, that the Duke of Ko/;j« had too long abufcd
them by his policies, and that he endeavoured yet to amufc
them with ho^;>es of a General Peace , but only to fruftrare thelf
Comni'.inaity of tive advantageous conditions they might receive
from a particular Treaty ; bu t that they were now refolv'd to give
no further credit to him , knowing that all his talks of a General
Peace was nothing but meer del uiion, whereupon the Captain
took him priConerjand carried him with him to Andu'^^e,
When ^ojfcl came back to the Duke of Kohan^ he gave the
Duke an account of his negotiation , telling him^, that all his en-
deavours had no other cfF^d than only fomewhat to afTwage'the
tumour 5 unnill he in perfon ftiould provide a better remedy for it;
whereupon he immediately departed thence » and went towards
Saiivc: His arrival there much daunted the difaffeded party;
but they were naw fo farre advanced5that they knew not weihhow
to recede from their engagements: The fecond Conful fled to
the Caftle ; the Duke fent to command him thence , which fum-
hions he durft not difobey : When he was come thence, and the
reft of the Council were aflembled ? the Duke acouaintcd then:
with the four dayes liberty he had obtained 5 for the adjourning
of the general AH'cmbly to Andk-:!;e -, thar he hoped to procurd
them fuch a peace , as fhould redound to their generid welfare »
provided? that? renouncing all diffidence and jealoufies one of an-
other, they preferved an entire unity among themfelvcs ; th«c
he had borne armes thefe eight years paft ;, upon no other defign>
biit the defence of tl^ir Religion and Liberties j for which he
had as cleare a zeal ? as any of them ; but chat now he was to
know of them? whether they would own him for their General or
no, and as fuch would obey him ; whereupon the people crying
ouv^at they would fubmit to him , he refumed his difcourfeitel-
' ling them that he would then go to the Caflle , and place there
fuch of the Inhabitants a5> he fhould think fit: The Confuls ac
^rftrefufed to follow him, pretending, thatfince they were not
confided in? they would quit their Offices) neverthelefs whenP
they faw him go up to the Caftle, and that all the people flocked
after, they flayed not long behind him, who, when he had tur-
ned cut , the Guard was then in it, made choice of fuch a num.-
her ofthe Townfmen, as he thought fufficient to keep it, obli-
ging them by Oath to maintain it under the authority of theii*
Confuls, and for the general good of the whole party, againfl: all
pcrfons whatfocver i which gave great fatisfadion to the people ;
and
ia'a The MenjoWes of the Bukj <j/Rc)han. Book IV.
and when he had left in their Town a thoufand men, drawn from
S^'mt H'qfpolyte,V:ga)iy and other places,he returned the fame dty
to Andil':^.
The news of this came to Alcf:^ as foon as Caudi,ic^ and fo net-
Jcd the King's Council, that they exclaimed aeainft the Duke of
'Rohan for breach of promifcj faying, that the Kin J had not ftlr-
rzdizom Alet^j, but that the Duke had been at Sauve, where he
had fecmcd, and furniilied the Cafl:le,ani the Tow rs, with foul-
dicrs i nevei thelefs they gave him Orders to rcttrn with all fpecd
CO the Affcmbly, but told him withall, that the King would not hz
obliged to any further flay az Alctr^-^, Cdudiac, who clearly fa \v
chat all this choler flowed only from the defeat of their dcfign
upon SJuve, replied, that the Duke had not bound himfelf by a-
jiy engagement not to ftir from An.dii'^e , but not to make any at-
tempt upon the Towns of the adverfe Party ; and that to provide
for his ownj could not be interpreted any breach of promifc : Af-
ter this he went to the AlTembly, whom he found much perpleKed
about the Article concerning the demolition ;of their fortificati-
ons ; for that , befides the Deputies formerly fent by them to the
Affembly, the Towns of Nipnes and Ufc\\\CLd fent others purpofe-
ly to oppofe that Articlejandjif it were poflfiblej to draw in thofe of
the Scvcncs to fortific them in that oppoficion.
Whereupon it was thought fit, before they proceeded to any
conclufionjthat they fhould have the opinion of the Provincial Af-
fembly of the Scvc'fiesy that accordingly they might order their re-
foIutions3 But that Aflembly would determine norhlng in itjwith-
outthe advice of the Common-Council of the Town of A-adii\e y
which they looked upon as a place the moft concerned in the
fubfiftance of the new- raifcd buildings , and fortifications, and
moft refolute to defend theiTi : The Council reported their opi*
nionto the Provincial, and the Provincial to the general Affem-
bly ; the fum of which, was, that confidering theabfolute neceffi-
ty that lay upon them, they fl\ould choofe CommilTioners to Ticit
abouta peacCjand that the management of the Article concerning
ihefortificationsjfhould be referred to their difcretions.
The AfTembly general, unwilling to undergo the whole burthen
of the Treaty, aflfociate wicli them the new extraordinary Depu-
ties of N/^^wej- and ///cq;^, and a like number of the Piovincial Af-
feaiblyofthe Seveiies^ who altogether rcfolved to fend their De-
puties to the King to demand a pcace,and to moderate that Article
the befl they could.
The Deputies halle away to the Court, where after fevcral
conferences had, they agreed on many things, but at the propo-
fal of the aforefaid Article, the King's Coramiffioncrs would noc
en;
Book IV.' TheA<femoiresoftheDHl^eof'Rohznl 22^
endure the mention of any mitigation of it j but thereupon feat
back the CommifTioners, who reported all to the AflembJy, to
whom they plainly difcovercd that it was In vain to hope for any
qualiFiCationof that Article, which Teemed to be thrown in as 2
ftumbline; block among them ; whereupon the Town of AnduT^e,
and the Province of the Sezencsy being again confulccdjthey de-
monllraicd the inevitable ruine of their Province, Unlefs a fudden
conclufion of a General Peace prevented itj for that othervvife
every one was fully refolved to compound for himfclf apart ; and
that the lofs of their Province would certainly draw after it thac.
of the lower Languedoc , that the fire was n®w at their doors,
and that they had rather fubmit to that Article, than fail ot a
Peace.
Whereupon after a full debate of the bufinefs. It was at length
concluded that they fhould admit of that Article j and thereupon
th.c Deputies were returned fully impowred to Treat, and conclude
a peace : Which doncjthe Duke cf Rohan defired the Aflembly
to give their Deputies an exprefs charge^thac when they had per-
fevled their Negotiation for the Publickjthey {hould then mind his
particular concernments alfo, which they did.
Thus was the Peace concluded at AleL'^^the Zyth. day oifune,
in the year, 1^29. The fubftance of the principal Articles of
which, was as foUoweth.
I. That aGeneralT'.vrdonbeiJJ'uedout.
2,. That the Ldi6i ef Nantes, and aU other Edi Si f^ Article f and
Declarations rcgfflred inthe rarliamem-Rolls be putin force^
5 . 7hat their Temples ^ and Places of Burial be rcjiored to thofe o{
the Religion.
A That all Contrihiitions impofed^ dimng the prefenty or precedent
BroyleSi be taJ^CTt off,
#. That they be alfo acquitted ef all Arrears of Impoptions, and
Taxes laid by any Governoiirs upon thofe of the Religiony to ex'
cmpt the Romanics.
^. That they be rcjiored to nil their Coeds moveable^ and immove-^^
able 5 notwithfiaiiding any Gifts, or Confifcatious.
7, That every one be permitted to re-poffefsy and re-edific his otvu.
hoiife.
8. Thdt all judgements, both ciiil and Criminal^ given by thofe of
the Rcligiony be confirmed,
q. That the ancient Orders ufed before the iVars be obfervedy both
concerning the CdnfUates^ and other Political Aficmblies of the
particular Tevfn'^.
Xo. That they be alfo difcharged of aV. AcCounts^fo that the Chant'
her of Accounts may not demand any review of them.
V " ii. That:
I
224 Thei^emolrcs o!^ the Duke <?/ Rohan. Book IV.
II. Thxt all Courts of 'fiisiicc^ Offices ef Receipt, dttd others, be.
reflorcdagjii. to thofe places, whence they were tran.sfmedy
ditringthc ixtcJJ'ars.
iz. That the Ch.wibcr of Languedoc be re-eftcihlifhcd at Caftres?
13 . That the AlJ^cmbly ofEflaies hi Foix be co?rjcn.:d at the ufuxl
times.
j/^.TIhtt the IfiJjabitMtiofPamiczbe rcfinrcd again to thcirEjiate^,
I J. And that all Fortifications be dcmolifhed.
The Deputies Excraordlna 17 of Nifmes proccfted agalnfi: this
PeacejDeclaring^that if they fhould accept of ic,their Ad would
be difcvned, and thcmfelves killed, wlicn they came home ; and
at their return, threw the blame of the whole bufinefs upon the
pretended perfidy of the Dcikc of Rohan, andthofeof ^reateflf
truft about him, by whom they f^id they had been all fold ; and
having aflembled the chief Officers, both Military and Civile
caufe them to oblige themfelves by Oath to ft and it out to the
laft, and then fent to the Sevmcs for (bme frefli Troops; when
they had by this means elrawn the Kings Army before the Town *
the fame pcrfons, who were the Authors of this mutiny, to pur-
thafe themfelves a reputation at the erpcnce of their Fello'.v-Citi- "
itens, got themfelves iitipowred as Commifli oners to Treat for
their Town, which derived no other advantage from it, than the
fpoilingof their Fields and Vinevards; and that which accrued
to the Deputies themfelves for difpofing the Town^ to fupplicate
the King to honour them with his prefcncc.
The Town of ^^/'f ^, without any hefitatioh at all, accepted the
I'eaceatfirft; fodidall i^o^^/^//^", the higher Languedoc, and
foix ; nor was any place fufpcfted to rcfufe it, but Mnntaaban. ;
vvhere the Prince of Conde would not ceafe his plundering? untill.
the King hadfenthim afccond Oidcr to that purpofe 3 and the
Town it felfj as the Cardinal marched that way, .declared their
acceptance of the General Peace.
This is an account of what palTcd in this laft War?in which the
afllftance the Town of RochcUe had from ^'^^A^^^jferved only to
<?onfume their provifions, and draw a Famine on the City; and
the vain, and illufoiy hopes with which Spaid, and Savoy, abu-
ied the lower Languedoc, had Ukc to have proved the ruine oi ^
fhe whole Party.
God , of his infinite mercy compafTionating his poor
Churches, hath yet inteimitced their fufterings, that by a ferious
repentance of our faults, and a finccre amendment of our lives,"
He mieht at len^nh attrad as many bcncdidions, as our fins have
pulled down calaaiicics on them. ,
I'hc (.nl oft'^c fo.rahSovl^r*
T 1 N I S.
A
TABLE
Of the moft
REMARKABLE THINGS
Contained in this
A. ^nicies fgned hy Bouil-^
l6n , Lefdiguieres, Ro-
AN A(?embly permitted- han, Sully, Soubize, la
at ChaLieirauc. pag. Force , and Du pleffl?.
3 P3g.i8
'Adjourned to Saumure. 6 ^n Ajfembly of five Pro-^
Du pleiTiS chofen Trefdertt^ vwces convenes at Ro-
which vexed Bouillon, chelle , offofU by the
7 Ol'ldrjhal Bouillon, ip'
The Ajfembly fend their e/f nicies accorded t) the
Defuties to the Coftrt, ^ffembly^t^ochtVlQ^
lo bytheirCManfiss, id
Their SHccefs. ibid, AnciQ^the J\^ arfhal q* An-
j2. <^r«x
The Table.
ere, foivesy and fom ms Chaftlllon, te are dlf-
divifions among the No- appointed by Rohan >
hility, pag. 2 1 Tphomthfy caltimmcUta
AnAjfcmblj term.tt:d to Leidiguicres. ibid. &: 69
he f:eld at Jergeau, re- S.^inc Antonin re-inforced
moved to Grenoble. 26 by their Neighbours of
t/id]oi4r^is to Niimes. ^i Momaubanj^wr t^^ki^ by
Removes to llochelle. 3:? the King, 77
.Sends Deputies to conclude Saint And re deMontbrun
a Peace, 54 makes his way bravely to
Ancre, his mine contrived Moncauban. 77
l?y the (JHarjhal Bouil- An Affembly cf.lledat Lu-
lon. 38 ntlby the comfdofLzn-'
Firfwades the Qtteen tofe^ guedoc. ^o
cure the Prince^ ar.d o- D.'jjfoivcd by Rohan, . 85
thers of the Nobility, ';p Articles of i he Peace be-
jHis heufe p'Uaa-.d^^.n^ra" foe Montpellier. 88
z^ed by i he people. 40 Z/' lolated after the Renditt^
The manner of his death, on of the Town, 92,p5>'
His hadjvflith others^ ar- A2II hefteg^d, io6^
f-efied ^:t the fame time, ih. Bravely defended, lio
An Ajjembh'^feneralcal- An Affembly called at
led at Rothelle, tie NnrnQS to rarifie the Ali
King com^*ands them to of Acceptance of the
diffo/ve ; mofi cf them Peace, 1 1 -^-
^re inclined to obey^ but The Dnk^ of" Anjou averfe
by the contrlvar.ccs of la ' to the OH^sriage with
Force, and Favas are the Trlncefs of Monr->
diffvoaded. 56 paniier. 1 12
The ^femblyin Lan^^ue- 7 he Duke of Anjou m,:r*
doc averfe to the ELtti^ . ries the Trinccfs Mont- ^
onof aGemril, 6-j penfkr. iz%
ijreat comlalnts of the S^'nc Afrique bfieoed by
Provinces again ft the thn Prince of Conre^.
^ffembfy^ pag 68 ' ^ x7?
jTt^ej apply thimfelvcs to //
The Table:
Js stormed^ and the Trlnce F ather-W'L^w\the Bdk^
repttlfed, pag. 174 0/ Sully. pag.8
Aimargues ^^/.f^^^^yRo- B^rticheras forges his Re'
nan, 180 floration to his ^^overn"
Is yielded upon compfi.on, mentSyis f^ivoured l?y the
lb' I jD/% «»/ Sully ; bm to
Saint Andre de Montbrun, arrive at his aims^ com-
fent t.fecHre Privas his . flies with th CMar^d
enter tammcnt by the Bouilloviyandobiains a
Con/u/s, 20^ re-admijjion to Aigue-
// made aPrlfoner, 208 mortes. 9&10
Sain: Ambroix, r/?^(7i^m- BouiJIon juggles with the
fon there forced by the uijfembl:, io
Inhabitants, give ^^ the Bullion [ent io the Af*
place. 210 femblj, II.-,
Aletz befieged'. 2ii Bouillon applies hlmfelfta
Treachery of fome of the the D;% ^/ Rohan, i^
Officers, • 212 Bouillon contrives to optt
the Dfike of Rohan of
B. his Government of Sainc
John d' Angelis. 14
B6uilloh ^w^/V/W// ^(7^^/« Bouillon labours to fru"
the admimftrationofthe /Irate the negotiation of
publick^ Affairs, 2 the deputies, 17
*Defgns the mine of the SolllcltestheKlr^gof^ug^.
Dnks ^f" Sully. 3 land hlsfuccifs, 17, 6c
^recffres an Affembly to be 1 8
held at Chaftelraur. ibid. Berticheres denledentry In^
iVhichhe afterwards catifed to Aiguemorccs , and
to be adjourned to Sau- Tvhy. i^
mure. 6 Bouillon ralfes r.ew broyles^
Bouillon t'akfs a journey to Sec. _ 2$
S^dm^andforivhatrea^ Bouillon and yi^mt^urge
Jons. S)&<^ the Prince to make a
^Attempts to yvithdranf the Teace. 3f
Duke pf^o^in from his Bearne, fieiv troubles ral-
Q2 fed
V The Table,'
fed thereby , du Vaire. ofConiz. 155
The lernois being de- Buckingham kjll^d at
'Vcjled of their privlledges^ Portfmouth. 18-7
0 CAfioned the firfl warre
figai/jft t he Pr»tefi^»ts . 5 ^ , C »
Blac?cons wade Cover- TheTrmceofQonAtuf"
rtcur of Bay ^» 70 on the infhigatiod of Boxxil'^
^rnonjajfiyT^iththeDe- \o\\ leaves the Cotirt^ with
futies of the Ajfembly of others of the Nobility ^ 2i
fve TrtfVnces to calamm- H rites to he Qjee^y And
Ate the D/^^** c/ Rohan. 74 foil cites the Varhament of
Bouillons overtures to Paris, and the Ncbllityto
the Duke of Hohzh, 79,80 joynrvithhim ibid.
Botru fent Embafiadopir Coficludes a feace u^on
ifitoEvighndyOitaws aren- conditlcm. 1^
vdy of new Embajfadoars J^epres a meeting with
then'e, 1 14 the Dnke of Khxny which
Brifon refufes to be com-* was afented to, 2^ ^24.
frifed in the peace 117 Writes to theKtng^Qtieen
CivesUpVouCm to L^^' Parliaments &c. ig
dlguieres. 118 Upon fnmmons to wait
Buckingham arrives upon the King into Guien-
ifoith a great FUet in the ne, changes his pretences.
^<7^^f<7^RochelIe5 and is 29
ref fifed admittance into the SoUicits the jiffemhly at
fdrr, 132 GTQnohlQ to joy n with him
Saint Blancarle flam in who fcnt Deputies to the
the I fie of Kqq, i^f; King atJours. 29
Bragneau W by theKa- S:gnes the Peace, 5 j
chel ers to bny provifionsy The Princes his return to
f^rnifheshir/felfbm neg- Cohrt oppofed by Bovillon^
leBs his cpp. rt unity to re- and others ; he privately
turn t^ them • 152 makes his peace with thi
'Bn^on endeavours to be* Qu^en, ^j{
tray Vivaxetz to the Prince ._^ Js arefled by the Queens
(frdir
The Tabic.
cnirr] 39 han. T02,iq:j
Chinon feUe^t on hj the Chaligny mlr^cnl a fly
Marjhal ^ouvrQ, 41 prefe-ved 109
The Prince of Conde The Prtr.cefje of Coiide
fttes to huynt^ for his /ti^er- amhitlous to marry ^-r
tj^, 45 dangi ter to the Duke of
Chaftillon proposes the Anjou. I2^
rec ^Uln go j his forces with Chalais kills dc Luadc
the T)iike of Rohjn , the in at du /, the conj^q^i t^ce
^jf mbly oppofe hir^t, 6^ of it. ibi^.
Du Cros, afajji?i^tid in Emh^i^cs 'he tnterefis of
Monrpdlier. 70 the1>4keof Anjo'.u ibid.
Chiftillon r^i^^i LaToui', The ChahcJl'-ny's (eab
L'Abbti 74 tal^^from him^for fiOi da*-
Chauve a ^^inificr nngtoowa his CoHnel f,r
creats with Rohan ato^t the cor^m'tmeH of the
Chaftillon, r/jf ^«%/ ^«- Marfh^fil (J O^nono. 12^
fwertohim. ']'^>79 Chains leaves cte Dit^
Chaftillons refluhJifh- of Anjou, and h comes (%
ment moved in the Affem^ fervant to the Cardwdl,
bly at Lunell, op^ fd gen - '127
rally y and' p-.rt chLitIj by iPle deserts hm i^gnn^
Dupuy. 80 andisftnt Pnfan rto Na >• ^
A»d by theT)epHties of ces. 127
the Sevenes. 81 T tried^ ( a^demned, and
Chauve/o^c/Vtfx Dupuy €xerHt?d. 1.8
mncerning Chatiillo- . 81 The 'Z)hcI e^se 0^ Chov- .
And treaty with Bindl-^ reufe fll s ihto Lorrair %
Ion. 82 126
The Cof7fiila'e of Mam- Chevrillis chfn Govn^'
pellier contrary to the Ar* nam in Br'fons vlace, i ^9
tides divtdt^d bet^en the Chwtmm^uotal^enby
trot c flints \and Paplfisy by Chev ri 1 1 s . l ^ i
Valence. 5;^ Claulel nro-of.s to Ro-
Caftres bravely prefer- han relle fr m Spaine: tl-^e
ved i f the Dtfchep of Ro- ejftU of it^ 178,17?
han, Q^i Ca*
.i*.
The Table.
C^niffonh'^ve/jdefoi" Efpernon ravages the
dcd. 203 Co:4ntrey '^ahoHt Montau-
Teildedtfponcontf option, ban 107
204 Emhapadors mediate a .
ChtvnWts treachery con- peace between the King and
cernirig Privas. 206,207 his S-^b jells, 115
The Englifli Embaf^a-
D, dors ^re caution for the ob-
Dapuy r/?<^rf ^^ by the fcrvationofth^ Pca:e, 115
Duke of Rohan, to f e that Forraign Cmbafjahurs
nothing wtrs concluded Jigne the League at Paris.
c oncer Kirg Chdnillon , Ur:- 1 1 5
leffe he rvotild confent to jire difcontented at the
give up Ki^^uz-ix^.oits, 79 Tcace afterwards fgncd
. which he duly obferved, 80 with Soain. ibido
Divifons among the Enguih Secretary his
Troteftant party cccajion Speech to f /?f Rochwilers.
the lojje of many towns, 84 ^ 3 -> 1 5 5
Divifwns in Rochelle. with their Reply, ibid.
ICO The Englill:! difcent into
Deputies (jenerat ^ viz. the IJleofKtz^the ijfue of
G^rerande^;^^Bazin,f/j(7- it, 1 34,&c.
fen by the command of the The Englilii draw off
King. 102 fr'^m the I file of^z. 1 49
Tha Earle cf Denbigh Are defeated in their at-
fent with a Fleet to the re- tempt upon the Fort, 1^0
//r/ '/Rochelle 171 And in their retreat to
Divijions in Caftry be- their fioips, \^\
tween Chavagnac and St. F.
Germie-. 177,191,192 Ranee, the ftate of^
Theiffusofthem, 1^6 France after the death of
Henry the Great, p. i
E. • Laperte/rz/^;?/^ to the
"E^pQrnon wrought to at- ^//^<7f Rohan, commit"
tenipt the O^ieens dellvc- ted to the Ballille, for en*
Tahce^whichhs efelts.^iy deavouritig to fo've' the
48 ^ Q^ en
The Table.
Slusen. 47 K.
La Force left hy Rohan in The King of Eng'and fer^
Cuienne. 58 /w^^^a Bouilbn ^W Ro-
La I^OiCejieUs up Sr. Foy . han fo a reconcUiuion. i S
76 The King and ^^een meet
Ff^rce jfiggles reih the ^ToufS. 49
Forraign Emb^^ffadours The King levies an Army
155 againft the Queen ^m/Lrch*
Fargis Emhaffadofir in es into Norma ndy,r/?f«re
tpi'm, hars the if lame of to Angers, and defeat i
the peAce made with the Queens Forces at
Spain. 121 PontdcCc. 52.53
Florae corrupted hy de For- The King be[teges MonheuC
tes , is tak^n bj Monctc- and takes it upon compoftti'
don. 153 o«, 67
Faucon corrupts his ovpnof- The King carried from Pa-
ficers, ijp mtoO:'Qins^ and thence
G. to Nances , by thofe who
The Dfik^of Quik /cl/ici' defired a contintiance of
ted to new engagements the rear. 76
by the Marfhd Bouii- The Kin^ dfcends into the
\oi^ bat in vain. 40 /otv^t Languedoc. 7^
Clgmc viitf4alUd by Bcrz'u The King forwayds the
che cs. 70 m^^riage of the Dnk^ tf
Galand an enemy to t' € Anjou. 125
Dtiks <>/Rohan, 1 1 9 The King of Engia nd fends
H, a Gentleman to the Duke
Hauvre de Grace in Nor- cf Rohan, kis Mejfagey
nundy bought by the theDiikisreflj. 1^0
Cardinal dc Richeliea. The King of England
128 goes in perfon to Portf-
/. mo^^hto (xfeditethe re'
^^. John d* kr[gd^, attempt' lief fsr Rochelle. 1 87
edjfftit in vain^ reinforced The French Kings expedi^
by Rohan. 57 tiijn to Sufa. 20a
^^ Jq'in de B;Cuill taki^ by The peace being ?nade, fends
, Rohan. iqi Q^^ hiA
i; Tfie Table.
his ferces into Langue- D;ikf^ ^ ^Kd Pecres <?/
doc. 201 France, /;?grc/<r «// 6?^-
l^ongncvilkpoffrffeshimfilf ces, 52
'' of the Town and (^afile of Lu^l^CS fends tofomdthe in-
Peronne. 38, 39 cU'^ationscfthe Duke of
luyncs the Ki^gs favon- Roaan,rfWSaub'ze. 57
rue. 38,41.42 hiynt$ invites the Duke of
Msingott and BouiW nfent Rohan to an interview^^
to treat with the Dnke of vphich he agents to, 64
Longuevillc. 39 They meet. ibid. /iW 65
Luynes makes Deagent and But to no purpofe. 66
Modene his chief (^oun- Luyncs ^r the Jiege of Mon-
cellors^andimpo'esaCon- htur diet h of (icknefs. 6j
fejforonthe King, ^4 Lcfdiguieres enters Viva-
Ccnfnes Mangot to his retz. 79
houfe : fends the B'lfhop 'jBeJieges and hatters VouCm,
of Lucon to Avignon, W Blaccons gets in^^' defends
B^vbln to the *Ba'fti/le. ib. it hravely : by the Duke
Cai/s aney^ffemhij ofHo- cf Rohan's me dim ion is
tabks, at Rouen , and yielded upon conditiotis 70
^efis himfelj tn the Go - Lefdiguiercs imites Rohaii
vernment of Norman- to n per fonal Treaty, Jl
dy. 45 Langaedoc much dijheart-
Jl^farries the daughter of the ned at the Kings ap^
Dukscf^onibizonjbid. preaches^ foUicites the
Lucon hy his brother in lavf Duke to come to them \
folitcites his return from the like foUicitations re-
AwgnoD^ whit her he was ceives he almofl from all
hanifhed , prormfmg to places, 77
incline the ,QueeA tofuch Leldiguicres m.^JeConflMe
a peace as the King Jhould of France, invites Rohan
defire, \ 49 to an intervietp^whifb he
Luynes feek, to ruine the ajfentsto, ^6
jf)«l^fo/ Rohan. '51 Languedoc jealous of the
Relea(es the Prince. ibid. i-7)^i^ffo/ Rohan. 94
Vyt\t% and his brothers ma^e Lc diguires his death, and
charatler.
The Table:
charaBer. 1 18 Uonl^gxxt fent to the Duke
I^ufignan beats uf Lcfcures o/Rohan. 131
quarters in Trillct. 1 1 o HonUgxxt fends an exprefs
lynfcy made Admiral of /o Rohan. 104
the Fleet defigned for the The Magijlrates of Mj^
relief of Rochcl Ic. 187 zcres refufing to admit the
'Arrives in the Rode of Ro- Dnke of Rohan into their
Chelle. 188 town^ he u let in by the
M. foptiUcj, 146
MonCauban declares for the Malauzc, formerly a friend,
"Duke o/Rohan. 3 t mw oppofes the D»l^e. 1 54
Montigny made Marfhall Montpellier attempted^ bnt
ofY'f&n(^t^ and G over nour the deftgn is betrayed.
of Berry is fent to his I56,&c.
Command, 41 Montmorcncy, and the
^onlz\}\t2ir[ fortified hyKO' Prince of Conde joyne
han. 59 their Forces ^tak^e'OzmU
Befeged by the King, 61 cr^. 164
*BrAvely relieved, bj Beau- Maugis GovernofirofKcal'
fort. ^2,53 mont betrayes it to the
The fiege raifed by the PrtncefffCondQ. 164
Kirjg. 66 St. Michel made Governonr
Montmorency takes feve- o/Moncauban. 166
ral f laces in Langue- Snpprejfes a dangerous mu^
doc. 70 tiny there, ibid.
Montlaur taken by the lA^rvks befieged ^ the diffi^
Duke o/Rohan. 71 culties the Duke meets
y[oni2X\\yssideJires a Govern mth there. 169
nour , St. Andre de St. Michel jealous c/'tlha-
Montbrun is fent, ^c. 77 ftillon Govsrnour ofCd^n*
lAidSiUze fetches off the Gar-, hd^yfurpri zes him iff his
n/o»/ro»? Rcalmont. 85 Garrifon. 184
Montpellier^^/f^tf^^j' r^^ y^/^^/ fever al Garrifons
King. 26 4^(5/;/f Montauban. 185
Marmeyrac fecures Aletz Maxaribal upon mijinfor^
fir the Duke of Rohan. 1 1 1 ntation cfpofet Rouffilierc
' ^ ^ - "^ h.
The Table:
iff hit Command^ in Sa- plcffij,f(? Bouillon to he
ycrdune. 102 treated on in the Ajfem^
N. ^// 4^ Chaftclrauc. 4
'A feMtionraifed InNlfrnQS^ Da PlelfiS leaves the Af--
hy Brif^n. 74 femhly of the five ^ro^
Nifmes declares againfi the vinces of Rochelle, and
Governtment of Brifon , draws with him the Prc-
and de fires to live under vince cf Anjou, 19
the Cotftmand of their The Parliament of Paris by
ownConJtils^ nntill they Declaration invite the
had more occafton for a Prince, and Peers to pyn
Qovernstir. 7^ rvith them ^ and frejent
iJ^S^SLts^and Bezicres endea- very hold Remonftrances
vour to alienate the a^e^ to the King kimfelf 26,
Itions of the Sevcnes fror» 27
Kohm^hutinvain. I or PardaiIIan*5 treachery pre-
Nifme> declares for the vented by his tvpo fins, 66
^fike o/Rohin. Ill He is afterwards fi^in in an
New divifif.ns there occafi' Inne. ibid.
oned by Montbrun , and Puzieus the Kings favou-
his brothers, II3 rite ^ his character. pi
t^iimes protefis againfl- the Viiz'euKoppofesKohan. 94
peace concluded at Aktz, l?ozicu%difgrafed, g6
O. 224 Le Pare d' Archiat mak^es
Gi'itontaksnby theTytike (f honourable conditions for
Soubize. 76.98 his men in the /(le of Re,
OXeron poorly yielded. I \o I JO
Ornano conrted by the Pounn/^i^f;;^/ Brifon.113
Sijieen^ and thofe that The Marquees dc Porteg
cppofed her , abofit the feeks by oppreffing them^ta
marriage with the Prin" excite the people to new.
c^jo/ Montpenficr, 122 commotions. 118
Ottim(i fecHred. 1 24 ?3itakrs takenby the Dfik^
Ornano dies^ of the flone. o/Rohan. 147, 148;
P. The Proteflants barbaroufly
Profofitions fient from pU ufed by the Df*kf 0/ Ven-
• tadour^*
' The Table.
tidouXjaj^d others^ 1$^
Poufin taketi by the Duke ^
of Rohan. i^i
lieu to hi Soubize , u ^^^ >^, • ;^ ^^^^ ^
Privas ^.y/.^.^. 206, -207 ^^^^^^ ,^ ^^^ ^;^ . 5^^
^ ^.^jfj-^/ peAce concltided j^hn d' Angelis, fend,
. at Alczc. 223 ,i,i,h,^ Hauhe Fontain.
yohcm i'mmcdlatlyhefol-
lews, pag. 14
^ Returns ftom St. John Xf?
theCsHrtJeaviKgH3LUitQ
^, ^ , , /. Fontain /j/rf Deputy y in
The Qiieen changes the Of^ 5,^ j^tin. 15
fffr/(j/6r4:f, ^«^r^./fT Returns thence a^ain to St.
fever al ^r^nies. 41 j ^j^^^ i^^j ^^
2 ^j ihieens Gmrds taken j, undermined at Court by
from hen 42 Bouillon , and propofals
She is removed to Blois , ^^^, ^f ^,/7,^/' i^;^^
VPherefhe u clofelygmr- 16
j'^' 44 The If He of that Affair.
The ^neen meets the King ,^ ^^^
at Tours, has Anjou, Rohan Courted by the
mth the ( aftles of An- Frincetojojm with him-
giers Pont dc Ce, and fendsU^uXiQ Fontain to
Chmon given to her, 49 obferve his aBlons , and
The£lueen defeated at Pont writes to the Queen. 2 1
^^^^' S3 Rohan attherequeftofthe
The Queen Mother very Nobility^ and Governors
defirous to ccnfummate of the %jligion ^ eng^^
the marriage betmen the ges to oppofe the MarPja-
Duke d* Anjou and the ges with Spain. 50
Frincefs Montpenfier, is Isfollicited by the Queen to
cppofed by mny y and joyn with her, 51
"^^y^ ?.?? E'^g^ges the ^ffembljy
ani
The Table.
4Hi. Body of the Trst- Rohan fills ftcl^ at Monr-
ft ants with him, ibid. pefrcrr. 70
Tak^ Le^lour, andforc s Rohan and Lefji^uier>;s
iheCifUe, ibid. aiverttf- th' Aff mhly
Rohin obtains rhe Go- General of tae Treaty a^
vernment of Poi6lou. gresd on bctiveen them.
t/^pplles hlmp/f to th Roh\r\ r'tu'<s to h'^ Arw/
Q^een, jbid. ^^\^\\'^cii^Z^hls ad:\ons
RohiO gets have to vlfit there, 72, 7 J
the Qjecn^cwdretlres IK" Rohan h^ftegs^ and take's
to picdmoiit. 4:} i)C. Gjorges In fight of
Rohan fe^ to reconcile the Di*^ of Mo.iCTio-
hu'ini^s to the ^^eenyhis rency. ibid,
rtafons to move Irjlm to it Rohan forbids the A(i m^
^^ bly of the fivs Province f
Perfivades the Qneen to to meet at Nilnie^, and
\m^ke her Pc^ce ii^^th the defeacs th" P^rj^ofes ofBd^
Kmp^ivhhhjhe did.^g, Ton. 74
Kohm In oppoft ion to Lu- Rohan prevents tSe dejign
ines, adheres to the of fom; df contents at
Qj en^ptrfivades her to Moncpellier. 8^
rem ve to Bourdeaux, ReA o^s whl h move I the
Tvhlch fhe refafed. 5 1 J^f^ks ^f Rohan to con^
Retz, the £)% of Rv:[2, iM^ a Peice at Monc-
revo-ts from the Qi4et:n, p2llier„ 87
53 RochelL f nds Deputies to
KohzOy advert Izi^ed ofgre.it th^ King. pj
^ lojfes he had received y Rohan performs the A "
marctiys Into the lower tides of his pa-^t, 92,9}
Lan^uedoc. ^9 Is made a Trlfoner by Va*
Cardinal dc Rerz , and Jence, enlarged by the
Schomberg, nfurp the King. ibid.
management of the Stute Vdc\\\\t\x the Kings Favo'4»
Affair s» ' 6j rite^ gS. Continues the
Rohan chofen General, ib. Treaties begun with lor*
The Table.
TA ign State f] p7 advantage hlmfelf hy the
Rochullers afply the^K- Letttrs from Rocb^ilJe.
Jeivst'Kohmafjd Sou- i^5>i3<5) i^7
bize. ^^. IJleof V^i defcrthed.i^'i^
Rohan c^Jls an ^jf^mbly x ^^
of thff Seven^s ^t An- Rohan fublifloss his D cU--
dLZ«. ir^i. Fails of his rations, ibid.
Levies, 1O2 Rohan fentenced hy the
Rohan marches totvaras Parliament of IhoXoixi^.
Rcalnaonc. 105 140
The ^Dutchfs of Rohan Gets into )si\\\h\xd,\ ^1,0 h^
af faints a %jind z^vohs taints a v.Bory over
f.t Brafiac. Ic4 Mon:morency. 145
Rochelkrs ind'fcrea y re- Re rs-infor. ed by . he King
ftife the Peace offered of ¥:3.ncQ. ^49,' So
the?^, 107 Rohan difmantJey vr^l
Tl e Dut chefs d?/Roha n .h^r jmall Gamfons, 1 5 g,and
dcmeanonr fiwar is^ich" engages the peon U ^ot to
X\t\x^and.he'ETi^[\\k\Em' lijitn to any particular
haff.hitrs, 115 Treaties . i6q. and then
X)ejignes agatnfl Rohan , f^ocecds with his Army,
which hefitiflrates, 118, ibid#
119,120 Rohan* jT care to preferve the
VdchliQU promotes the mar- Countrey about Nifnes.
riage with Madam de 175. Ravages fill the
Montpenfier. 123 Comtrey up to the Wall
Richlieu under jlands the of Bcaucaire. J'j6,meets^
contrivances of the T>tih,e f.nd takes a good booty of
of Savoy, and 01 hers a- Salr. ibid,
gainfl him, 125 Rohan befieges Cref'eil.
'Endeavours to out Ven- 179
^O^vat of his Government Storms it y and isrepulfed,
0/ Bricany. 1 2^,1:6 ibid,
V>.dti^Vk S Mother and St fler Rifes at the approach of
fiie fromVmsto Ro- Montmorency. 180
chz\U,i^2.hispolicyt9 Rohan pnts a pary i u
Galla.
/
TheTabfc.
GallargueS. iSl- '^'ho So\x\>\i^ makes his Leites
are taks^ > ^'''^' P^^ ^^ '^ Poictou a»d Xain-
dearh. 183. H^ in re- tonge. 31
ve'fjge jits d&)vrt hsfore Sully perfwades the c^/-
Moncs, takes it ^ ayjd [emhly to aFeace, 34
' hangs moft of the Prifo- Sully tifon the mntinj a-
ners, ibid. 6^ 1 84 g^'^^ft the Mjirfhal d*
Hochelle take^yi^o. The KnatylahoHrs acomp*
infiHcr.ce it had on the [tire, 40
'^ Reformed Party, 191 Sivoyj the D^k^ of S^vo fs
Rohan takes St. Amanr. fuccefs in Akxandria^.
tg^. Defeats trvo Nego- 43 > 44
tiations for a particular Saumurc taken from du
Teace, 194,195. Con- Pleffis. 57
^^;?fj <« General A ffsm- Soubizt his attempt on Bh--
f /y /szf Nifmes. I96 V^Zywithhisfi^ccefsinit.
Rohan // follictted on all 97^9^
hands for recrmts, 216, Soubize dif owned hy feve-^
Refolves upon H General ral Towns, ibid
^eace, iij Seven Sonldiers of Toh y
S their generous AEiion,
Sully, ^^^ D^i^tf <?/ Sully 5 105
his rulne endeavoured hy Sou\)izt defeats Manti, and
fome of the Grandees ^4nd the Admiral of Holland.
jphy^ together with the I O 7. The effeti of the
means they ufed to dc- vi5iory gained by Sou-
f rive him of his Offices, bize. ibid,
2 Soubize, ^y/^^fo^; of the
Sully urging the Affembly Rochelbrs , and Trea-
tointerefs themfclves in chery of fome of his Of^
hi's canfey is oppofed by fleers^ worsted in the Ifle
Bouillon. 8 of Re. 108, 109
The Affembly declare for Soubize fails for En^lmd,.
him, 9 109,110
States General convene at The Duke of Szyoy feekj the
Patis. 25 r.'Y/W r/ Richelieu, ^W ^7
tde Tabic;
what means I 124 V
Tl:e Count ^j/Soiflbns fiies Vendofme , the Dul^ of
into Italy. 1 29 Vendofme's efcapes into
Scaglia Stfil^^jfadour from Britany. 2a
the Dy.l^e of Savoy into VtMoivCiOt^eJerted by the
England, endeavours tie Frmce, 24
r/^i>;f <?/RicheJ'eu. 1 29 Is forced to fUhmit to the
Sjubize hythe hdp cf his Ajfemhlyof the Efi^esof
Jldjthcrgets in^o^ochzi- Bricany. I5
le, together with the En- Vieuville the K'ln^s f >r-
glilh Secretarj^hu Speech V0Hritc,^6, difgracedy4nd
tothcKochdkis.i^i^i^^ fent to' Axhois. ihi
^ouh'izt proclaimed Tray- Viganf^^f^/^ Rohan.ioi
tour, 140 Valence brave' y oppofed
S2.vtid\m taken ^^Hohan. ^/5. Blancarr.- 102
145,147 Ytnioimty and hts brother
The Count ^f Soiffons hiK- fent Vr if oners to Amboifc
dirsthe onjUnBion of the 126
Trotefian^s in Dauphine Valertc refufes to receive-
rcith the Dtiks^ 1 6z the Dpike 0/ Anjou's par*
Sauverr^^^/ with the Count ty until his fathers plea*
e'fA\^Z.2i^^2i^.Muti' furervere kjte^r^ff. 127
r^ies againjl Randon. 2 1 S Vendofme and his brother
Rohan^e^x thither in per- fent to the Bois deVincen-
fon, 221, nes. 128
T ' Vendofme ^^/-f^ <?f his go*
Toiras mnde governour of vernn em cf Bricahy./^/W,
Fo:t-Lewi'S. P-97. Vicerobre taken by the
^httnints brings an ^r'yy DukeofK^hat). I75
nnto Lauraguais and Alb - Y'lti^sfent by the Bifhop of
geois. 1 01 Mande, to deiude l/ion-
JhiV[)ir[Qs falling f^ponLu" tauban. Ip7
fignin'j cjuarters , ts W
bravely repnlfed, j o ? The grounds of the fecofid
HhQ^nincs made G over rour ffarre^ 9^9 93^9$
^/Brkany. 128
FINIS.
Faults cfcapcd in the Printing.
In the Memoires,
PAgc 3. 1. 39. r. Amelioration 6fj &c. p. i^. 1. 41. for deter-
minace> r. terminate. p.xi.l.iS- for notjaddcjr. adde Hid,
for retaining, r. retiring, p. 17. 1. 9 forvcndibleji.venal p. 28.
1. 40. r. praftices. p. 41- 1-^j and 7. r. drawn the Duke of Gidfe
and his brothers to her party. i^'^iA.'^iAoz Lueon, x, Lucon, p.
45.1.25'. r. firft fight. x>.^6. 1.41* r. in regard of j&c. p. 49.1.12.1.
fiiit with. p. 49. 1.8. r.with Bcthun. p. 52. I.34. r.whofe marriage,
p.71. 1.5. r.attaque. p. 7^. 1. 19. r. I'uidtou. 0 87.I.20. r.im^or-
tunate. p.95. I31. r.raxing. p.ii4.!.4. r.torubmittothem.p.nj^^
1. 4. r. fhe. p. 125. 1. 10. r.toogreat. p. I27. 1.42. for whojr.
Ivhilft. p. 1 3 9. 1. 1 . r.built. p. 1 3 9. l.ult. for fecurities, r.feveritics.
p.ij^. 1. 13. r.razing. p. 15 7. 1.15-. for called, r. culled, p.i^i.l.
2J. for removed, r. relieved. p,i9i.l.4 2.r.Irremediable. p. 212.
1.1}. r.undertook. p.2i3.1.i6.r.protrad the Cap — p.xi4.1,32.
for had, r. having, ibid. 1. 26, r* Irremiable.
Ifi tie Politicks Dffcoffrfes,
l
DIVERS POLlTlQUE^
Difcourfes
Of the DUKE of
ROHAN.
Made at feveral times upon
feveral Occafions-
Written originally in FRENCH;
and now render'd into SNg LI SH.
Mr
By 6. B: Efq;
i 0 N V 0 }9,
Primed hy 7 homos RatcUffe, fotG. Bedell and
r. Collins^ at the middle Temple Gate in
Fleet firm. 1660.
TABLE
of the HEADS of each
DISCOURSE.
I.
'Port thf deMh of Henry the CreMl Page c
II.
'jit the AJfemtlj »/SaumurcL /. 6
III. ,
u
Vfon the St4tc ef France , dnrh^ the ferfecutl'
9m At St. John. P« ^ ^
IV.
Vfon the Voyage «•/ the King In July,i6i^. p, 2|
Vfon the GQvemmcnt of the Queen^Motheri MAde
uithe j^earyi6lj* f. 2$
VI.
Afr^e Dlfcofi'^fe ufs^i the pre fern times y l6lj,p, ^6
VII.
Z^poa the occafion df the Divift$ns in Holland) made
in the yeavj i6l8. p. 37
Vlll.
[RenfoHs of the Peace made before Montpellier , i»
the year y 1612. f. 40
\ IX.
The I) tike of Kchm*s Apology concerning the late
Tronhles inYlZXiQ.^ about Religion. p. 47
X.
Monjieur the Prince his Letter to the Dtskj of Ro-
han, p. 5<5
XL
The Dt*ke of Rohan's Anfwer to the Prince, p . 5 S
XII.
The Duke <?/ Rohan's Manlfefto^ coneernifig the late
Occurrences in the Qonntry of the Grifoas , and the
Valteline. p. 60
XIII.
A Letter to Monjietfr the Prince of Gonde. p. $ 3
DIVERT
DIVERS
rolitiaue D iscourses
OFTHE
VV KE 6i ROHA N,
^lade at feveral Times iipbri feveral
OCCASION s.
D ^ s c o u R s Ei i;
%^pon the Death of Henry the Great.
F I had ever caufe to' mix my own', with
the general groanes of France , it was
at the deplniable Fate of Hetiry the Great,
full of fad and dlfmal Confequcncei
to us, but happy, as to his own par-
ticular ; For thouCTJi he lived inviron'tf
with difficulties , yet did he fo furmount
them all , that in the mid' ft of all, he ftill
remained a Conqueror , alwayes in joyed himfelf, and ac
kt^ch beheld the iuin« ;of his enemies j foine affefted by his,:
3 oth^>
% The 7)'jh of Rohatf^ Difcourfe
others by thcii- on hinds, and ihc reft ciying oit for help.
Thus did their to:al deftrudion give h*Jn the opportunity
to vccoUeft the ihactcci pieces of this bro'-cen State, and by
his W^Xianw and \?io vcfi, to cement and render it more ft;ong
and glonous than ever. After his coning to the Crown, he
fpent eight years in reducing it to his o^^edience , which ,
thoia;h full of thorny Traverfes, may not imk^roptily be
caWtd the ha^pieji cf his lifey evay addic.on to his repuution,
proving a firm Bulwark to his State. The true hauplnefs
of a mignanimous Prince confifts not in the lon^i; ^off;fTion
of a great Empire , which many times fenres only to plunge
him in Luxiry j but, from a low and dcfpcrate coiidltlon to
lalfe an 1 eftaolilh his own Throne , enlarge his Territories ,
and fatisfie the nobler Appetite of his Soul and Courage,
rather thaa the fenfaal fugecftions of his body. Our fleeps
arc many times more un:a(ie in o^r beds, than in the field ;
jlpris any repofe fo fwect, as that which is the purchafe of
danger. This v\as the felicity d our late King of immortal
nieiK)ry5 who by his inielat'3;rble cares and indufby, fnatch-
cd pea e, even oit of the midft of perils , and to compkat
his happincfs , lived twelve yv:ars in a glorious poifcflion of
it , ftjl augmenting , ftrengthning and em'>ellilliing hii E-
i^ate , fo that he became no lefs the dread , then wonder of his
Neio;hbours , an i Arbitrator of all ChrilUndomc : But in the
height of all this greatnefs, withoJt any apprehcnfion either
of fear or grief, yielded to a fate , common to many g'cat
perfons : But, O Death I more vsort^y a Tyrant, then fo
fvveet a Prince .* Unhappy Death ! though not in rcf efl df
him, yet of his People, whom he hath left to the tuition
of an Infant , of nine years old j f irround:d with porenc
Adverfarles abroad, f II of bo'-itcfgrn with'.n , and diftraifted
by the feveral Interefts of the Princes and Religion. Let us
juftly then bewail the greatefl K.ng the world ever knew ,
who was good to all, injurious to no mm ; whof: death hath
bereaved fraace of Him , who ma.ie her ternbl. to her neigh-
bours , prefc.ved her in Peace, and Unity within her felf,
and enriched her with all forts of good. But from this hap-
py condition are we fallen under the Relgi\ of an infant,
and expofed to the Conduct of a Princefs, little veifed ia
AfFilrcs , and oppdcd by the Grandees of the King.lome ,
ambitious to advance themfelves , during the weaknefs of
her Government , in which, private dcfignes fupprefs the Good
and publiq.ie Interefts. The Treafares are r>rofufed , the Ar-
fcnah cmbezilied , and all ac die difpoilcion of Farourltes.
The
upon the Death of Henry the (jteat^ ^
The fiomparlfon of the prefenc , with our former condition >
will Afficientiy difcover the juft caufe we have to de^Jore
bur Prince ; To infenlible arc we of ojr good , that we ne-
ver apprehend it, but by its want and abfence. Vrx/ict , in His
lifetime flourilLed with fuch piorpcrity, as twelve hundred yeaiS
before could never parallel. His death hath fatally enhaunf-
ed the price of our Repofe : Whil'ft he lived , the only
awe of Him refVrained the mifchievous , whom now His
death hath encouraged in their wickednefs , leaving them ac
liberty to puifue with a full career their pernicious Machina-
tions. The ftill frefh memory of his Name, retains theni
yet in fome refpeft , but every fuccecding day that carries
us to a further diftance from Him , are fo many advances
in the way to dlfobedience and rebellion* Thofe who have *
feen the Reign of chx)k'i the ninth , with that deluge
Ot evils that aftenvards overwhelmed all Fi'A'/tce ^ will make
an eafie conjedurc of her prefent danger, Charles the nintht
came to the Crown when he was two year$ older than our
prefenc King , governed by the Queen his mother , a wife
and politique Prlncefs , and yet what fad effefts attended hisf
llcign ? The fame Faftions , the fame Interefts , and Pre-
tences are yet in being , though not in the fame vigour r
For our King Hmry weakened them , yet have they now op-
portunity to recruite again. The power of our enemies abroad
is nothing lefTened , nor their Will to hurt us any thin^
abated. Moreover , the dtfeds in the management of prece-
dent Aftions, are fo many inftrudions, and profitable pre*
cepts for this prefent age , to dired them in the Govern-
ment of theirs : Then vvere we Novices in the Art of fowin^
the feeds of difcord , in which every one is become a Mafter.
The ambitious humours of men are rather encrcafed, than
diminifhcd, Thefe condderations are enough to make us
fenfibleof the danger of the Stare, and ot our own lofs.-
'Tis neither hope* of my own panicular advancement, nor
fear of the ruine of the Reformed Party, that moves my
tears : I too well knew how jealous the King was of per-
f«ns of my Quality and Reli ^ion , and am very fenfiblc y
that we were never more confiderable, than at prefent ; For
that we have now no Princes of the blood amongft us, isan-
addition to our ftrength ; for when we had them, they were
not ours , but we were their fupport , and did theii' bufinef?:
at our cofts. Prance was then divided by the houfes t£
Bourbon and Lc/4W, but the pretence was taken from the
difference of ^^.digion'i but now fincc both the ©ne, and the
4 The Vuke of Rohan'^ Dif course
Other profefs the Kowi/Z? Faith j the former colour is gone,
b\it the Divifion of the Fopi^o party leaves us at libeity ta
adhere to which party we pleafe ; I deplore in the lofs of
6ur invincible King , that of Tiance in general : 1 bewail
his Perfon , and regret the glorious opportunity we have
loft •, and from the bottom of my heart , grieve at the manner
of his end; Our own experience will foon inform us, how juft
a Subjeft he is for our Tears : The people raurmurc already ,.
and feem to prophefie their future calamities : The Townes
are guarded, as if they expefted a Siege : The Nobility
fcek their fafety amongft the moft eminent of their own
Order j whofe factions give them large apprehenfions of
danger, but not the Icaft appearance of any fecurity. In fhort ,
he can be no true Vrcnch man , whom the lofs of this good
Genius of V'fmce doth not even kill with Grief: Together
with his perfoa , I deplore his Courtefie and Affability, his
fvveet and obliging Converfation : The Honour he did me ,
the admittance he vouchfafed mef even to his moft private
receft'es, oblige mc not only to lament him, but even not
to love my felf in thofe places , where the fight of my
good prince formerly afforded me fuch infinite happinefs :
I regret the moft noble and heroick enterprize was ever yet
heard of. It is not credible that the Equipage of thirty
ihoufand foot , fix thoufand horfe , a Train of Artillery of
fixty Gunnes , and Ammunition for fixry thoufand fhoc ,
with all other furniture compleac, befides the Army then in
Vaiiphhte y and the Recniites fent to the Frontier Townes,.
fhould be defigned for the fiege of JnUiers , which was fince
attempted with eight thoufand foot , and a thoufand horle :
An opportunitjf 1 fhail never meet again , at leaft under the
condud of fo great a Captain , and with fo ardent a de-
fire to fei-ve and learn the ufc of Armes under his diredlon :
An Army , fuch as no preceding King of France could ever
raife ; which yet , had there been occafion , he could have
kept on foot ten years , without the leaft opprefTion or injury
to his People. Have I not then juft caufe to lament the
lofs of the only oppoctunity I ever had, to fhcw my Zeal,
Courage and Fidelity to my King ? Serioufly , each thought
of it breaks my heart : One Pufh of Pike given in his
prefence, had been a greater fatlsfaftlon to me, than to
ivln a Battle now* Much more fhould I value the leaft praife
from him, in that Art, of which he was the greateft Ma-
fter of his time , then the Elogie of all other Captalnes
now alive. I grieve at the manner of his deplorable death :
A.
upon the Death of Henry the Great2 5
A Prince compofed of Sweetnefs and Clemency , which never
did condemn an Innocent to death ; whofe very vidories
were unbloody , contenting himfelf only to reclaim his enc-
jnies to their obedience , whom he hath afterwards cheriflied as
his Friends , and laden them with his favours. A Prince
flow to anger , and moft p one to pardon , without gall or
any revengefull thought, beloved axid feared, ^nd yet" in the
mid'ft of his chief City ^ which he had made the Miracle of
the world 5 attended by two hundred Gentlemen , in his
Coach full of Princes and Lords, he received a fatal
ftab with a knife , by a man , not animated by any defire
of Revenge for any difguft received, nor excited by any
of his Ne'ghbours , fearful! or emulqus of his generous
Defignes , but infljgated only by the Writings and
Sermons of the Jefukcs ^ who after ail this, blufli not to
call themfelyes Vrench men , and can behold this difmall
fpedacle without infliding on themfelves the punifhment
due to that execrable I^ftrine , taught by them , which
promifes Paradife to the Aff:ifsiJixtes of Kings ; Who , that
ever lived under this moft >4uguft Prjnce, as I have done,
can take pleafure in thefe preCent times ? I will now there-
fore divide my life into two parts, and call that part of-
k I have already paft, Hcip^y , fince it was imploycd in
the fervice of Hmry the Great ; and that which 1 have
yet to come u'/fortmatc , and fpend it in Lamentations,
Teares , Sighs and Complaints : ^nd out of the honour
which I owe his Memoiy 5 I will devote the B.emainder
of my dayes ( the Kingdome of God being preferved in»
tire ) to the fervice of France , becaufe it was his King,
dome 5 to the King , becaufe he is his Sonne , and to the
Queen , becaufe Ihe was oi\ce bi3 4ear Companion a;;^
S^oufe,
B| PlSCOllRS?
the Duke of RohanV Vlfcourfi
Discourse II*
/t the Aff^mhly at Saumurc.
A
2dj hOids And Gentlemen y
Lthqugh this be not the firft /^flemblyj that hath been
^ .^ held upon the fame occafion , yet may it prove the
fource from whence will flow much good or eviJl to the
Reformed Churches in this King^m. We are now happened
on a CxrtefouY^ where many wayes meet ; but there is
only one that leads to oui' fafety. The life of Bemy the
Great was our prefervation ; which wc muft no,v exped from
pur own vertue. God hath taken him from us , that wc
might no longer place our confidence in him , whom he had
given to us and all Chriflendome , for theirs and owrs Re-
pofe ; He hath deprived us of hm , as unworthy the con-
tinuance of that Mercy; or clfe to become himfelf our
Raifer and Defence, even when all humane helps faile us ;
provided that qur intentions be good and holy. We muft
therefore come to this ^flembly with a moft ardent zeal to
prcferve the Peace of this Eftaie , and efpecially of the
Church, and lay afide all ^nimofiries, Paflion and particu».
iar Intercfts ; that with more Freedome and alacrity , we
may fet about his work , and confequently cxpe(ft a blelling
on our aftions. What greater glory can we be ambitious o( , than
every man in his place , to be an inftrument to fupport 3,
confirm and augment his declining , weak , and almoft de-
solated Church? to which every one ought to contribute his
afiiftance , according to the Talent God hath lent him. We
have only the ufe , not property of anything in this world,
v/hcrc weare only Ssrangcrs and Paflengers , and not to fix our
abode: This mortal is not to be prolonged but in order to an
fternal life: Ltt us therefore be as carefull in the fervice <^
pur God, as the wicked are in that of the Devil. Let us
jnitatc them, not in their wickednefs, bur in parfa.'iig with
at the (^ffemhly at S^VLvrntol 7
ah equal zeal the Kmg ome oi:' Chail , as t'ley do that of
Sathan. Let there be only tli^s ditfcrence Utn becwecn us >
that we endeavour oxy prcfcrvacion by j ift and la fall
wayes, whJc the others ufe ail manner of faude and trea-
chery to undermine and rulne us. It behoves us to txwarc
of them, it being of great conccrnmetit to us.
Wc muft therefore fix upon three particulars, as the moft
elTential , and on which all our other concernments depend.
The firftis Unity among our f^lrcs. The fccond. Our Ad-
miflion to all manner of Offices. The third and laft, to
provide for o.ir places of fccurity. Both Reafon and Exam-
ples have ever taught us, that Conco.d is the Cement and
Stay ot all States and Sock-tics, as I ifcord is the diffipa-
tion and ovcrt'irow. Let us be therefoc more ejcift in ths
praAIce of this Maxime than formerly, ic bcjig the v:ry
foundation di our whole Structure. And therefore have I
begun with this iropofit.on , as being of the g eareft Imix>r-
portance , and moll difficuL Execution , though x depend en-
tirely upon our o. n Wills. What Encouragement w.ll it be
to jour Enemies ; to ufufe us that, which is in t^cir power,
ivhcn our on Divifions mikc fo palpable a dXcoveiy of
our v^'caknefs > What advantage fhall we give them to break
is upon us , when our own Difientions open them the
Gates i And yet this hath been our conilant practice hi-
therto. Is it not ftrange,that Reafon , the only diilinftlon
between usani beafts, and which alone gives us light to
^iifcem between good and evil, ihould fo mifl^ad us to the
preferring the riches of the world , befoic the advanci ;g
of the Kingdomc of Goi : the revenging of our o 'n, before
his i^arrel .* the vanity of being init uments of mXc'^'cf to
our ncareft Relations , b Jore our o.' n falvation ? In flio r ,
ihac Avarice, Revenge and Ambition fliouM ufarp the pof-
fcflion of our fouls, and exclude thofe vcitues \sh.Si pro)cr
feat tSey are. Let us make oir humble applications to GtI,
that he would pleafe to rcdrcfs thtfc our tailjigs, and co
♦ffift us with his Grace , that our words and [romif s,
which have been hitherto fraudulent and trachcrous, miy for the
future, P ovc infiHiMc plec^ges of our Fidelity. Let the
care then of this Aff .nbly extend to all perfons ; Let -t re-
ceive t*ie addrefTes of ail particulars, and in<juirc alfo into
the condition of thofc whofe snodefly will not give them
leave to be importunate. Let it impartially do Tuiiice ac-
cordinsr to the merits of their caufes^, that fo t'ley may hive
na caufe to feek their Protcdion elfewhere, li^ this re ^9
B 4 . %\^
X
^ The 7) tike of RohanV Difcourfe
the {Irength of our bonds , for if we arc remifs in this point i*
all will abandon us , and ribinit tSemfelvcs to new ProtedorSo
Let us alfo make an order obliging all the Provinces of
this Kingdoms to fjbmit and adhere to the rcfolufioas of
the Aflcinbly : And to this end we mift eftablih a Council^
;ii which all may bear a pait e By this means (hall we de-
feat the hopes of f.ich jis i^cte^**! to the Prgtedion of the
Churches who thruft themTelvcs in amongft us^ only to
jpurchafe their own ends at par coft. And let us hold for
an undoubted Majiime, that , No^e pretendi to fiicb a Foiver,
biit mcerly to cbe.it all Parties. We can acknowledge no
ctfher Protedor then our King , fince he is our Soveraign ,
?nd we his SubjedSj who never yet held any correfppndenc?
.with the enemies of the State , bat, notwlrhftanding all
Mafl'acres and tormenting flames, have faithfully feived our
Prince when he hath cpmiiianded us , and therefore with good
ieafon may we demand , and infill: upon an admiflion to all
Oifices and Dignities under him.* It were a moll high cru-
elty , that we who are members of the §tate , French-mc^
lK)"n, fho'ild be excluded from that which eveij ftrangers
jenjoy , and that by the foUicitation gf thofe who teach, that,
A martd man du , when fx pleafs , abfQlve Siibjcf^s \fwm
thtlf o.ith of AllcgiMce 9 and condemn our Religion for
shat ; on the concrgry, it injoynes Obedience to our Princes ,
though Infidels. It is not to be doubted , but that when
fich Perfons have the Kings ear , we fhall nriect many difficulties
in this Affair ; But our Refolution and Unity muft fur-
mount them ; for unlefs we obtain it , we cannot live with
honour. But fuch is our bafenefs , thatinflead of afl'ifting^
We bend all our ftudics to fappiant one another, and are
more envious at the advancement of our brethren than our ene-
mies. Hence comes it , that we are fo ill treated as we
are : Let us ail' therefore fee where we have failed in this
particular , and refolve upon fuch a Jconftancy as may pur-
chafe us the fatisfadion we juftly aim at , elfe fliall we oi^r
felves give others caufc to believe us guilty of Treafon :
To us will be imputed all the Murthers t'le Jepwcs have
ro-nmltted on our Kings, if in their fteed w? hear the pu-
nifh'.Ttent due to them. But thef? confiderations will be of
no 'validity, unlefs we look better after our cautionary Towns
zh^.n heretofore : By a fair and gentle complyance to rc-
cialin our enemies fron their malicious defigncs , is a good
V ly V hut to deprive them of all ms^ns , ^o erfeft them ,
is'-afurer: Bo:h th: 0:1;; and the oclier is fcifiblc , provid^il
at the JJJemhly at Saumure/ ^
Wt conjoyne them ; for unlefs we compafs the latter, the formed
will be of fmall toice. Ou\ amity will be more fought af-
ter j wh^n freed from the fear of our enemies, we fliali b?
in a capacity to relieve our friends i To this end wc muft
refolutcly infill: upon the Article concerning our places of
Security , whofe continuation is of greater concernment to us
now then ever : If the late King conceived it juft , how
much more profitable is it now for the State during the
Minority and Nonage of this , to relirain the extravagant
liberty our enemies might take , even in contempt of the
Royal Authority it felf to rekindle that fire , and open a-
gain that iflue of blood, which our great Hunry by his in-
defatigable pains , and with the lofs of his own , hath hap*
piJy quenched and flopped. The Minority of Chiirles the
ninth, ought to be an example co warn all good people, to
Jabour to avoid the like mifchiefs j but the fame example
alfo animates all BoiitefcUs and Difturbers of the State to
make ufe of their tiinc , and the prefent opportunity , to ejjc-
cutc their malicious intentions againft it : We have an Intcreft
in it, as being a part of it, if not the greateft , yet at leaft
the beft , and for whofe fake, God in Mercy preferves the rcfl-
And now in order to thofe places of fecurity, we muft
firfl endeavour the regaining thofe -we h^ve loft, or others
in their room ; that fo we may cut off our enemies hopes of
diminiiliing their number for the future : Next we muft ob-
tain a confirmation of them for a certain number of years, untiU
all caufesof jcaloufies be removed,and to retnedy all abufes com-
mitted in the government of them.But how fhall we refolve on
thefe things , or with what face can we demand that, whicb
depends upon the Wills of others, when our own avarice
tempts us to convert the Money defTgned for the prcfeivation
of the publique to our own private ufe , when the garrifons
from whence we exped our fafety , are miraculoufly. traniubftan-
tiated into Lands and Moveables ? Cenainly this is a mcift deplo-
raWe condition ,and fo ortu is our Lethargic , that the examples
and inconveniences of fuch mifcarriages can not yet awaken us.
We are juft like little Children , who think themfelves fafc
when they have fliut their eyes , and are never fenfible of their
Errours , till made fo by the punifhment. In fuch a cafe
Repentance avails neither the Publique, nor particular Intercfts,
1 know thcfe things ^ though Juft will meet with much op-
rofition : ' They will check our Prefumption for asking more
then we enjoyed In the late Kings Reign , and tell us ,
''that for the prefervation of the Peace, in the Infancy of
this
1 6 The DuUe of RohanV Dtfcourfe
'his, MC ought to content oar lUves uithtiic like ufagc .* To
which we may anfv.er,that it is the change of the Govern-
ment that creates in us tlitfe jealoufits : What prlviledges
in many places, have been granted to the Ckrgy lo our pre-
judice ^ What f^ais have teriiikd us, fince the tatal parricide
of our Henry the Great ? the Intercfts of State are varyed by
feveral En-crgencies , nor can there be any certain Niaxime
prefcribcd them ; That which is nccclVary for one King , is
prejudicial to another. If a King ot yimce (hould no.v bc«
coooe al^erfecutor of our Religion , he would loofc the Pro-
ledion of it in all Chriftentlome , enrith.ng another of his
Neighlxwv Princes with that Title, and ga.nlng no credit at
all by it among thofe of the Church of Rune , vo^ild ut-
terly ruine his own Kingdome : which cannot happen to a
King of Sp^iift upon the like occafion , for that he cannot
lofe t'^e iReputati<Mi he hath no: > nor can it bring any
further troubles upon his States , fince in this quarrel , he
liath already loft all the Low count- es , and hath no more
Subjeds of our Religion ; 1 fay moreover, that the fituation
of France, in the mid'ft c^many other Kingdomes, and the
fi:ee excrcife «f our Religion in it , purchafe to our Kings
that Reputation and Pov^er, thty have among all other Po-
tentates of ^li'Ope, which they will ftili continue, vhile they
indulge us with the liberty of Subjcds. Wherefore if the
King be wtllco nfclled, he will accord us the things before
mentioned ; if ill , it is better to know it timely, then to ex-
ftd the extremirity. Let our only aim be the glo.y of God,
and the ftcurity of thofe Churches, which he hath fo mi-
raculoufly planted and prefer ve.i in this Kingcome .♦ Let us
cordially fick the good one of another, but y lav fill means;
Let u* rflig'c'fly rcfolve to ask noihlnp} but whjit is abfo«
luteJy nccclfa.y for us , and be rcfolvcd in the purfuit of
our demands ; and t^cn let us be aflfured , that he, that out
of the afhes of fo many Martyrs hath raifed fo many of his
Eleftin Frf.rtfy to glo fie him, will picfeivc and encrcafe
their nun^ber dally. Honour and glo y be given to the Fa*
^cr, the Son, and the Holy Ghoft, j^men*
PISCOLIRSE
during the perjecutlont at S^- John.' ^^
Discourse IIL
Vpon the State of France clnring the
Ferfecntions at S^' John;
* 'Tpis with inexpreffible grief that I begin this Dlfcourfe ,
i with the misfortunes the deplorable death of Hmj
the Great hath brought upon all Chriftendome j and princi-!-
pally upon Vi'Mce i A Prince born in a forlorn and perfe-
cuted Party , ^ whom yet God raifed to be their Preferver ,
fupportcd and maintained him againft all the powers of Chri-
flendome, and conduced Him ^ as it were , by the hand , to the
Government of the Fre'dch Monarchy. His Adions were fo
many Miracles , and wort!iy Precedents for fuccecding Ages.
The Confpiracies and Troubles he broke and went thorow
when he was King o£ Navarre, gave him a perfed know-
ledge of fome perfons whom he had never difcovered as King
of Frame, His paft-neceflities had taught him a generous
toleration even of the hardefl toyl and poverty, and to bear
the difcontents both of great and fmalij and infhorr, tofuf-
fer all the calamities incident to the chief of a Party in jt
State, where the conveniencies of a whole Klngdome were em-
ployed to his Deflrudion : Having vanquiflied all thefe dif-
ficulties , and conquered by his Wit and Courage that, which
his Birth-right had given him a jufter Title to , he became
at length a Peaceful! King of the moft puiffant and glorious
Kingdome of all Chriftcndome , which yet, by reafon of its
long and languiflilng maladies, but for his pcrfbn, had been
inconfiderablc ; incapable to affifl: their Neighbours , nay to
fubfift without them 5 but in twelve years after he came to
the Crown , becomes more rich , the Townes better built ,
and the whole was ralfe4 to a more fleurilhing condition
than ever 5 he himfelf more abfolutc, his Treafures and
Arfenals better flored , his Frontiers better fortified, his tiuc
and foli'd Allyes more ftrcngthned, and his enemies more
' w^akncd
^H The Duke of RohanV Difcourfe
'•weakened, then any Prince could eithei: hope or wifh; In .
ihort, he was the Arbitrator of all Chridendomc , giafped the
whole power of Peace and Warre in his hands ; and even all
the Affairs of Europe had their entire depcndance upon him.
In this profpcrous condition did oar great Henry leave us:
We were the terrour of our enemies, and the AfyUmoi our
friends; Our France, with its Chief, was then looked on as
tthe mofl confiderable part of the world: But let us now re-
fleft on our change , and confidcr whence it proceeds. It
is true, God raifes up and removes good Princes, according
as his good pleafure is, cither to favour, or to chaflife the
people of the earth , efpecially when by extraordinary wayes,
he cither fends or recalls them, which is apparent in the
life and death of Hewy the Great : For if his adions when
living, were fo highly conducing to our repofe ; wh^lt fears,
with our juft plaints may we not conceive from his violent
death > A death not according to the courfe of nature , nor
by accident , but upon a diahSlical delil>eration confirmed by
the Sermons and Writings of the Jefuitesy by a moft im'^
pious Aft perpetrated in the height of all his Conquefts , and
Magnificence; in the mid' ft of his great Town of Faris , en-
compafled with his Nobility and People. Let us not therefore
after our fins, impute our change from good to bad to any
thing, but the death of our good King, whofe Reputation did for
fome time preferve the Affairs of L'^rBpe in a pretty good eftate ;
but the farther we remove from his Reign , the greater change
fhall we difcover in them. Europe hath now another face ;
which before was ballanced by the two Powers of France and
Spnin: The firfl having without contradiftion all the Prote-
ilants under its Proteftion, or leagued with it, fharing with
the other, thofe of the Rmlfb Faith. Powers which cannot
fuffer the one the other, and whom the ftrifteft bonds of
Marriages cannot unite , by reafon of their mutual Jealoufies:
and Fears , of the increafe or diminution of either ; More-
over the equality of thefe, is the fafety cf the reft , which
are much concerned in it, and which otherwife would be
cafily the prey of the fuperiour of the two : But now we
may perceive an alteration of that Method: The late Ally-
ance between France and Spain makes all their Confederates
Jook about them , efpecially thofc of France , who fee clearly,
that (he hath been only courted but tocher own, and confe-
qucntly their ruinet A cunning Policy was It indeed of Spain,
to peifwade the Queen , that thefe Alliances would fortifie
and cunfirm hei" Authority , fq that none of the Princ(3S of
the
during the Perfecutions atS^- John, 13
the blood, nor any other (hould at any time dare to enter in-
to any conceft with her, Thefe indeed were veiy plauiiblc rc«-
fonij but of ro depth , nor foUdity : For againft whom {hould
fhs fortific her felf , but Sp^TJ } and with whom, but thofc of a
joint intereft with her } and yet we praftife the clean contrary,
take counfel of our irreconcileable enemies, and enter into Ally-
ances with them , to ruinc our friends , or at Icaft to lofe
them to our (elves , while willing to fave themfelves , they feck
their proteftion elle where ; Thefe are the ctfeds of the Spmjb
Council , or rather the operations of their deublc Piftols upon
the Council of Trance : Thefe are the fruits we are to expect
from this Allyance with Sp^ii^, who joyningwith the Pope, can
have no ochcr aim then the deftruftion of the AlJyes of
Fraiue , and the better part of the Nation it felf.
But let us noN confider,who have been till now the Corre-
{pondents of thofe two great paits of Europe , their power, and
who is moft likely to lofe by the exchange of their Vartifans,-
'France hath England, the Venetiam^ ihc States of the Loiv-
Countries, Savoy, the Proteflant Princes of Germany , the Duke
of Lorrain , the Cantons of Smt\ers , and the greatefl part
of the Imperial ToAnes -, all equally interefTed for fear o£
the houfe of A^flria , which is that of Spain , but for diffc*
rent Rcafons. England is yet mindfuU cf the pretenfions
of Spain; witnefs the great Armado in the year ij88. and
that defign of abolifhing the Reformed Religion reflects
principally upon that Kingdome* Venice is jealous of her
Neighbour ikf7.t/z , and of the increafe of the King ol Spain s
Power in Italy ; for that undoubtedly his defign is to render
himfelf the abfolute Monarch of it all.The Lotv Countries have but
newly Ihook off the yoak of his Tyranny ; they hate and feat
Him ; and will rather hazard all than fubmit again to it.
There*s none that is not fenfible of the fweetnefsof liberty,
and what then will not a people do to continue themfelves In the
pofleCTion of that , hath been their own dear purchafc. The
proteflant Princes of Germany have they not jufl caufe to fear,
and even abhor rhe houfe Au^ftria , and by all means tc op-
pofc the farther progrefs of their ambition, fincc it hath robbed
them of the Empire, which they haveaJmoft entailed on their
Familie ? the broad way to flaveiy into which they are now
declining, and nothing but an extream diligence can prevent their
fall. The Cantons of the Swit'K^rs , who for the greatcft part
have flipt their necks alfo out of the Aujhian yoak , arc
not they concerned to prevent his new couqueft of them >
cipecially thofe of our Religion , againft whom he
caji neither want Pretences nor Miftances from Rome,
Thi;
14 The Duke of Rohan V Difcourfe
The Dukes of Siivoy and Lomn are feated fo near to F't\mce»'
that thouoh they have for a lone time paft embraced the
SpU/UJh Party , yet now they fcem to incline to France ;
The former by reafon of his prctcnlions to the Duchy of
MilLine, proaiifed to his Lady in Partagc; And the fecond
for the facility for a King of France to mine him at his
pleafure : Tliere remain only the Imperial Townes of Germa-
yty, whofe Intcrcfl is the fame with the other Protellanc
Princes , I omit Denmark ? Stveden, Volom j and the other
inorc remote States , toV that their Interefts are not conjoynt
with ours.
The Sf^m^ Party coniifls of the Emperour, the Arch Duke
•Albert 3 who are of the fame houfe : of the Gcvman Princes of
the Konii^ Belief, and the Imperial Townes of the fame profef-
iLn, by reafon of their mif-intelligence with the Proteftants .•
of all the Princes ci Italy, whom fur rather than Jove aflbciates-
with them : of the Vep'i\h Cantons of the Smt^ers invited by
their Fenpofts to a conjundion with them -, and of the Au-
thority of the Pope, who while with a refalute conftancy main-
taining our AllyanceSjWe Ihew our invincible power, keeps him-
felf as HcHter^ thouo,h his inclinations be wholly Spm^,-
for there are two things that exafperarc him againft us^-
the lofs of his Authority, and his revenew in thofe places which
we polVefs ; which Jealoufie the King of S^am foments ,
that fo feeding him with the fancy of a fpiritual Monarchy
over all Chriftendome himfelf , under pretence of extirpating
Herefies, might gain the temporal. Thus all their defignes
concenter, to work our d^ftrudion .
But let us now examine thtfc two great powers, and fee
whether of them is the more conddcrablc : France is a large
and potent Kingdom , abounding in all necelTaries; rich in
Nobility, good Souldiers, and good Mariners , furni{hed with
good Ports, aptly feated to receive the Supplies of their above
named friends. England, Scotland and ireLud make up a pow- •
crfuU State *, being Nations naturally valiant, both by Sea and
Land, full of Souldiers and good Ships, and able to raife
and entertain a gallant Army. The flate of yenice exceeds
in ftrength all the other ftates of Italy ; hath vaft Treafure ,
and may juftly allume the Title of Mafter of the Sea ,
there being no other power in Italy , nay not all the reft
together that can equal it for the number of good Gallyes ,
and other Veflcls. Tlie Lotv CouriYies Is a State, whofe
ftrength I infinitely eftecm and admire ; fourty years have
^hey maintained War againli the King of Sj^ain^ fiom which
they
dmng the ^erfect^tion at S-- John i j
ihty arc txit nc»viy freed ; they have ttie flo.ver d good Offi-
cers and Souidicrs, v. hofc cn:crtainmtnc chey continue, even in
tini s of Peace, they arc v^ell llor\i v\ich money , and keep an
Airay on fooc , con.illiag of fifteen thoifand foot, and three
thoufand ho fc, and a tra:n leady to march upon all occafions.
As fox tiie Swa , they arc withoat contradidion the abfolute
Mafteis of it, lothat they can, v>hcn they ^leafc, aid their
fr.endb , and oji\rud the rehtf of their enemies j witnefs the
Army of the Prince of Pav/wj a^^amlt the Eiglfh, which
they flopped in tSeJ: h.iv.ns, and other Marltai.e places of the
Arcii Duke, v\h.ch dunno that War , were cycinually blocked
up Dv Sea. As for the Proteilant Princes oft?. /7«4/yf, and the
Imperial To • ns, evciy one knovveshov iz their force exceeds
that of the t\omamits : And for the yi?'.'/'^?rv, money commands
them at any time. Theic remans only the Dukes of Savoy
and Lo am j they arc Prince^, Specially the former , able to
la.fe condderable numoers ; As for the^r convenience to aflilt
on the oc'ier, a map of £«tfOfv\Jl plainly dJlover, chat no
other power can obllrud it.
And now let us reflcd on the other power; andfirft, Spm
IS a great K.ngdome , not well peopled, nor ovci fertile, featcdl
in a corner of the v.orld, and fitter to maintain, than inlar^
its confines *, inv.roned with the Sea and the Pfcrteati hills ^
which of it felf alone is not com-iarablc to Tr.me; but ic
hath large Teixiiories both in the £.?fi and . c/i /»i«f, whence
it derives great Trcafures, which puffs.- it up with ambition ci£
the Monarchy ot Chriftendome. Mo raver in ffj/j/ it hath
theKingdomes of l^apks and Sitfi/v, with the Duchy of Miliary
and eigSt or nine Previnces in tLvidiD ; for though the
infunta have them now in VurU^i' , yet hath it the fole and
abfolute authority and difpofit!on of them. S;r.oafly the Do-
minions <»f Smn arc of a vaft extent, and wete they all
contiguous, would far rranfcend the Power of Tr^.c i But ic
is nccclTitatcd to fpcnd all the Revencw< of Y^?^/??, SciU and
MiUm in Garrifons and Armycs to preferve them , and to
impioy all the profit of the i»V»ev fo'- the confe- vati^n of
J^Unders, by reafon <^ the continual exoenccs it is imrloycd to-
there 5 both for the tranfpoiting and paying ofthcf;; Armyes.-
Befides, the King of Spain wants men, and hath need of
Spafiiardsln more places then he can furnllli with them , and
is enforced to ufc great ferity to make them march. In
fhort , his Dominions bring him in more Anxieties than
profit.
The Emperour^ wht precedes him 'm Honour , but comes
2 6 Th Duke of Rohan V Dlfcourfc
ili-ort of his power,hach a great rnemy to ftnigole vvich , w^. t\t
Tni\, \vhom he cannot withiland without afllftance , and
therefore is he very incapable to relieve others, ^hz Arch"
Dul^e is comprehended under the power of Sfaiffi and nei- '
cher dares, nor can attempt any thing wichout its confenc
and fupplics. The German^. Princes and the Imperial Towns
which own the Romilh Church, are very inconfiderable ,
being far interiour to the others in flrengtK. Nor arc the
Princes of Italy of any confidciation , except the great Duke
<)f Tufcany , v\ho indeed wants neither men nor money: As
*orthe Swit-^rs, money draws them to any party; nor is the
ipmhrd confederated , but with the Romifh C^rUons, whereas
the Allyance of the Trcich with them is General. There
remains now only the Power of the Fope , which heretofore,-
in times of Ignorance and fupcrftition , was very great, his-
excommunications raiting whole Armies , and transferring
Crowns from one head to another, at liis pleafure ; but they
arc now growen ridiculous , and hurt only thofe that arc
afraid of them; his flrenoth confifls only in Fulminatlons,
/\s for the wayes Spain hath to convey relief to its fcve-
ral members , they are very long , and full of difficulties and
dangers : For iirft , Trance fcparates Spain and Flanders ; and
Vrovince can at any time obftrud the paflage from thence
into Italy ; Burgundy, BrcJJJa, Lorain, and the Venetian Seignciiry
divides the refl of Italy from Germany ^"^d zht Lotv Countries v
In a Vvord , the Dominions of Spain are ©f a vaft and won-
dcifuU extent , and in outward appearance invincible : but they
Jye fo fcattered and with fuch difficulty and inconvenience
can they joyn , that it takes off much of their flrength i-
whcreas on the contrary thofe of Vrafice , are compaded,unit«
cd, and ready upon all occafions either for defence of them-
felves, or invafron of their enemies.
Thcfe are the tw« principal Potentates of Europe^ to wit ,
Fiance 3ind Spain , and it is of no fmall importance to them,
both to prefcrVe their repuration with their Vartifans , which iv
cf no great difficulty to the King of S^airt ; for that all
his Subjeds and Allyes are of his ow n Religion , or his own
Family , or obliged by interefl to exterminate the Pi otcftants.
So that none of them can entertain a Jealoufie tha.t he fhould
change his Intelligences : Btit *tis not fo with the King of
lErmce , for he himfelf profeflcs,.<he Komi^ Religion ," and
bath many Subjeds of the Reformed, and many confede-
rates that arc V^pifts, though the ftrength of his Party .con-
(Ift« in the -Proceflanw ; fo that if he order not well his
. * Affairs
durmgthe Perfecution at S- John. 17
Affairs with them 5 but encrlng inco an aflochtion with Sbn'riy
p^rfecuccs his Proeeftanc Subjcds , he will utcerJy lofe them
all. But perhaps they prefume upon a confidence, that iWz
Refomied party cannot joyn wit'i the King of Spam : But rather
then they will fiibmit to their ruine, they may unite and choofe
the King of Englmd for their Piotedour, wiiich would be the ab-
folute deftruftion oi France: i\nd can we then befo far infatuated,
as to otter up our fcives a facrifice to the inratiai:)le and endleis am-
bition of the Pypc', and tlie Kjng of ^pmi ? is it not evident , that
this muft needs draw a civJll War on Frnnce, which is more to
be feared than the fulml nations of the P'lV: , who fince he cannot
ruine F'lWace by forraign Armes,endeavo'Ji?to do it by her own.
Certainly it is the Judgement of God, punilliing us for our /ins,
that we cannot fecjapprenend, nor'feekto avoid thofe evils, which
even our own Coinfeis,refolutions & remedies prefcribed for their
reduefs have difcovered to us for torty years together, and which
have reduced our poor France to extremities, from which nothing
hiJt a miracle can raife her. The fame parties are ftill in bcin^ :
The firtl, the Qiieen-'Mo'her^who feeks to eftablifli her authority
in the fame manner, as did her Predcceflburiand to that cnd,dif-
graces and fupprefies the Princes ot the blood 5 ufing the power
and alTiftance of the- houfe of G/ry", to which is joyned that
of Monfieur d* Efpernon'-, ftrengthens her felf , not with the
real friends of the Crown , but with fuchj as aim and endea-
vour to weaken it by divifions, as the King of Spain , and the
Pop.'. This is a (Irong and confiderable Party 5 but compo-
fed of pcrfons that deiire rather the dcftruftion, than pre-
fervation of the State: That which is their greateft Prop is j
that they abule the royal Authority , authenticating all th-'ir
dfpatches and aftions with the name of L'n'ii the thirteenth ,
although to his prejudice and detriment : The fecond, is com-
pofed of the Prlnccs^ of the blood 5 who arc fcnfible of the
ruine of their Houfe , but arc not in a capacity to prevent
or remedy it ^ having by their revolt from their Religion ,
lofl thofe who were their Father's greateft fappoit , fo that they
hare Juftice , but no force on their fide. The third party, is
that of the Religion , bound by their confcience to ^con-
federacy with all theProteftantsof Chriftendcme : a party able
of it felf to maintain Trance, as it hath formerly done: ha-
ving prcferved the Princes cf that houf, nouriflied and bred
up Henry the Great , the Reflorer of this State , whofe ene-
mies knowing that the ftrength ..of this Party confiils in Irs
Union, Difciplinc and Places of fecurlty , have fet all their
fubtletics on work to fabvert thofe foundations j which evidently
C 3ppeaK4
J 8 The T>uU of Rohan'^ Vif course
appeared in the Aflembly at Saumure , where money, Fenficns
and Menaces were all employed to corrupt Veifons capable to
raife a Schifm amongft them , and in that divifion to ruine
them ; As alfo l">y the Pafs-port given to the Deputies of the
particular Ailemblles, by the Declaration which they cauled
to be verified in the Parliaments , in which they exprefly for-
bid the Difcipline ever eftabhiht among us , and without:
which we cannot provide for our necelTities ; by the indu-
ftry they ufe to get into their hands our caut'.onary Tovvnes ;
working on the eafinefs of fome of our Governours , and fur-
nilhing other confidents of their own with means to purchafe
the Governments from honefl men ; endeavouring, to the vio-
lation of the Priviledges of particular Cor^i'orations , to make
their own creatures Majors, and labouring by all means to
liipplant and ejeft out their commands fuch as oppofe their
defignes, well knowing,that our places of fecurity once fail-
ing us, we can no longer fubfill ; and in all thcfe defignes
fo pernicious and deftrudive to the State, is the K^'ig's A\\-
ihority made ufe of. Thus have you had a view of the D-
vcral Parties in Trance , what are their defignes , and by whom
maintained. The one covers all their mifchicvous machina-
tions with the Royal Authorities ; The other exclaims againft
the evil Government, but it is not heard : The third com-
plaines of their opprefifion , but are not cafcd : and even un-
till this prefent time fuch etfedual operation hath their money
had upon the degenerous and perfidious fouls of the two latter
parties , that they have been the fcorn and derifion of
the former ; and the Counfels of mean inconfiderable Fel-
lows, Pcnfioners of Rome and Sp.m ^ preferred before thofe
of the Princes of the blood ^ and the other Grandees of the
Realm : But if the aforefaid Princes , and thofe of the Re-
ligion would but refleft upon their mifcarriages , and endea-
vour to correft them , and unite their jufl plaints and inre-
refts, and like good Chriftians, never be induced by any
promife to forfake the one the other , to the prejudice of
either, they would undoubtedly raife both themfelves and the
Stac^rom this abjed and ruinous condition , and would one
day receive both the thanks and profit of it : But if fear or
avarice , or both together , fliall impede the union of thefe
two parties , or keep them from embracing fuch generous and
neccflary refolutlons, this will be the ifl'ue of it," and God
grant it prove no Prophefie ; Tranci^ will be the Theatre on
which will be executed all th; defignes both of Kome and
So.«>Jj upon ail g^ood B'sncb-mcn and Chiiftians, And when
5r '■■ '} • ■■'■>, 'li i ' -V -li^ the
dtiringthe Perfecution at S^' JohoJ Ip
the Evil fliall trarfcend all humane Rcmcdj^thofe who have yet
lett fome fpaiks of love to God and their Countrey , wilj*
have no othei confolation than to bewail their paft errors ,
and to fubmit to chat yoak which their own imprudence hath
drawn , and a Forraigner {hall impofe upon them. For we
may ncc imagine , that that party, which by the affiftance of
the ?ope^ Fulminations , and the Forces of the King of Spa'm^
fliall fabdue the other two , fliall enjoy its Conqueft : Thofe
Princes take not fo much paines tor our good. Their con"
fpiracies agalnll Vfunct are fo far horn being exdnd, that
they are now renewed with gi eater vigour and hopes of eve-
ry thing fucceeding according to their willi : The refloring
of the Jefiiius , the death of Henry the Great , the Regen-
• cy of the Kingdome fecled in the houfe of Medicis , the State
governed by the ancient Pcnfioners o( Rome , all other Officers
being removed , and the fupport of it founded on the houfe
cf Lorainc , the Princes 3f the blood deprived of the Autho-
rity due unto them , and a divifion made among the Pro-
teftants j all which evils being in fo {hort time fallen up-
on this State , encourages their hopes of ctFeding their
long fince projected de/ignes. But if the Princes of the
blood, during the minority or "Lewis the thirteenth, retain any
Reliques of Generofity , or thofe of the reformed Religion
any fparks of Piety, they will yet oppofe the ruinc of the
State threatned by theirs : For France cannot long fub/jft, if -»
the Royal Family be oppreft, and the Proteftants perfecu-
ted ; whofc fubfiftence alfo depends upon the prefervation of
the Crov\n , whofe deftrudion can neither be eflfcfted , but
that the Kingdome will be reduced to fa weak a condition y
that it will remain a prey to the firft Lifurper , or be brought
to an intire defolation : Let thefe confiderations then teach
us Wifdome, before an abfolute impofllbility to redrefs our
evils , leave us no confolation but defpair : for not having
timely forcfcen and prevented them.
And now5you Princes, know, that Llfurpers never willingly ice
goe what they poflefi-, that your greateft crime, is the right
you have to the Government of France , and that nothing
but the fear of you can rcftore you to what their contempt
hath deprived you of: And you, who profefs the Reformed
Religion, recall to your remembrmce, by what means your
Fore-Fathers planted the Gofpel of Chrift in this Kingdome,
and the provifions they made both for yonr fecurity and di-
fcipline : Shall we be guilty of fo much bafenefs, as to pre-
fer f he empty proniifes of Ibme penfion, which (hall no longer
C 3^, i?p
20 The Duke of RohanV Vlf course
be continued, then while yon betray your own Countrcyj
or of fome fmall Eftates, which after the ruine of your friends,
you fliall not enjoy, but by the faciificcs oi your own con-
fciences and Religion , before our own and our Childrens
liberty , and the profpcrity of the Church of God > if then
the P Lances be dcfirous to maintain the Crown in their own
Family, and the Pro:eftants in the State , they muft enter
into a iirm Union to maintain and fupport the one the o-
ther. Let us imploy all our powers to reftore them to their
loft Authority j let them make ufe of theirs , to confirm our
Rights, Difciplines and Correfpondencies : and let us all
joyn , to re-cftablifh the ancient Allyancy of the Crown.
I fee how they calumniate thcfe of the Religion, pretending that
their aim is in imitation of the Srvit':^ers , and thcfe of the
jjorv-Countiies -, by a particular Difciplinc to difunite them-
felves from the State. But neither their difpcrfcd , and re-
mote habitations in this Realm , fjor the great number (^
Kobility amongft them, nor the fence of the honour of theit
Nation , nor yet their own profit, will fuffer any of them to ad-.
njlt of luch a thought.
.God in his Mercy look in pity upon this declining State \
and I heartily befeech him , that if his pleafure be to reflore ,
and preferve it, that the body of the Reformed Religion
may be its chiet Support j but if in Judgement , he re-
folve upon the ruine of itj that he would yet vouchfafe to
replant his Churches ^ by the fame means he iiift pUnted
tligm here. A^^t.
PISGOUKSB
upo^ the rojage of the King
SI
D I S C O U R S E I V.
^pvn the Voyage of the King ^
tn July I 6 I $m
I Conceive my fcJf obliged, both by my Allegiance , and the
feivicesl havevo.vedto the Queen, freely to offer myad-^^
Vice concerning the prelcnt , many, and important Affairs of
the State, which ought to be the more coniidered, for that it
proceedes neither from hatred , nbr defire of revenge againft
any j nor fear of being rejeded , nor hope of being advan«
ced to a fhare in the adminiftration of them; Paffions which many
times blind the greateft pcifons ; The freenefs of my humour,
and the Integrity of my affcdlon drew me to this Difcourfe ;
which will clearly difcover both my Opinion and Refolution.
I confefs , that as to the Affairs now in Agitation , I can-
not clearly ftej that the former adions of the Prince of Condz
can bring his Fidelity or good Condud into queftion. Ne-
verthelefs I will take all things at the worft , as if all the
expedients heretofore made ufe of were defedive , it being a
known Truth, Ih^t the mifcarfiages tve (mail foYyferve to cor-^'
reUaidqineki^fHiS^ whereas Profpcrlty lnUs us into a carelefs Se^
cHiity.
Llntill th« Affembllng of the States General , all the Sub-
jefts and Officers of the Kingdome kept themfelves withirt
the limits (if their Duty, rcflefting at the fame timejboth on the
favours and damages they might receive *, and choofing rather to'
content themfelves with their prefent condition y than out of
hopes of a reformation to cxpofe aill to a hazaid. But at the A{rcm<
blyof the faid States, the difagrecmentof the orders upon the propo-
ficion of the third Eftate , made by the Parliament of ?a:(^ ;
theinftant urging of the Council of T'^^ by the two firft
Orders, and the malice the Clergy have difcovercd againft
thofe of our Religion , rcfufing to approve of ocnr Edids of
Pacification, endeavouring to oblige the King by Oath to
xuine us , have opened a large gap for thofe who attempt to
diminish the Qiiecju-W-inUrge their own Authority.
a z The "Duke of Rohan'^ Difcourfe
Next came the Revocation of the Volcttc , which made
the Officers , when it was not fcafonable, be changed ; whofe
re-eil:abliihm:nt will not reconcile them : for though it be that
>\'hich troubles them , yet will they conceal the ground of their
d.fcontents , cloaking their particalar intcrerts with the pre-
text of the puHllque goni. But there is yet more, the De-
puties of the faid Eftates, s^oing thither for the mod part ,
not to purfue the general Welfare of the Kingdome, but to
do their own private Affairs , having wholly complyed with
the pleafure of the Queen, conceive her obliged to return
them large Rewards : fo that thofe which received not that
Reccm pence , they fuppofed they had fo well deferved , re-
turn to their refpedivc Provinces, exclaiming againft the
Government of the State: fo that this, being added to the number
already ingaged againft her , will be far the ftrongeft. All
thcfe things having been with great care and fubtilty ag-
gravated by the Prince and his Pdrtifa?is , have gained a great
reputation to their defign , even among forraign Princes ,
and the beft Allyes of the Crown of F/'arice , whom they
petfvvade, that there is a Confederacy between the Queen
the Pope, and the King of Span , to extirpate all of oji-
Religion out of all Chriftendoroe ; which all good French-
men are obliged to oppofe : for that it would prove a great
weaknefs to France , and all leagued with it againft the
greatnefsof Slhtin.
This is the true ftite ofoir Affairs, in which, either the
Prince muft give bacV, or the Q^ieen yield a little, or elfe
ail muft break out into an open diviiion.
If the confideration of his' private interefts inclines the Prince
to a comnlyance, it will be the abfolute eftablifliment of the Au-
thority of the Queen, wherefore I cannot conceive he will yec
liftcn to any fuch motion.
But let us now fee , whether will be of greateft advantage
to tlie Qiieen , that (he perifti in her Rcfolutions , though
all fall into a confufion , or that flie yield a little to the
neceflities of the times , and afterwards refume her former
power agalne , and what inconveniences will attend both
the one and the other refolution . If fhe f^bmit and retard the
marriage, or change any Officers of the State , or the Exche-
quer,It is probable that the Prince will reap all the thanks and
profit of itjtSat it will be the enlargement of his,and the deftrufti-
on of the Queens power , and by confequence the contempt of
the one , will [■»€ the only cflfed of the .glory of the other.
Ifthey proceed in the marriage , and concinua things in their
piefcRC
upon the Vojage $f the King.' 2 5
^refsnc condition , then may they fear the troubles which the
Prince, the Tarliament , and people of Paris may raife in
their abfcnce, not only in that ToAn , but all over Trance -y
1 he diftrufls and jealoufies of theforraign Princes , ailyed with
this Cro.vn j whofs own Interefcs render them very fufpitious
of tliis leag le betA'een France and Spm. The War with S.:-
z'oy , and our derelidion of that Prince would be looked on ,
as an argument, that the end of our amity with Spain, was their
prejudice and dammage ; and the apprehenfions of thofe of
our Religion J that the whole fcorm will fall onus: Where -=>
tore I conceive they cannot without the extream hazard of the-
Quecn's authority, begin the voyage before they have provided
Remedies for all thefe inconveniencies.
if they conclude upon the voyage , then my advice is,
that in any cafe they refolv. upon four things. The firft is,
that they have a power in Paris, either in the hands of one per-
fon qualified for that charge, and to be aflilled with a Council ,,
or elfe in the hands of the Parliament, to maintain a con-
ftant correfpondence with the Queen j and to prevent all in-»
furreftions of the people. The fecond is , to make a peace
with Savoy, or at leaflnot to dlfcover our weaknefs and dif-
afFeftion , in exprefly forbidding the finding any Relief to
that Duke) it being not in our power to prevent it. The tkird is,'
by cntring into an Allyance with England , to fatisfie all other
our Confederates, who are fo jealous of this League with
Sp-vn. Thefouithis, by a good and favourable ufage of our
Aflembly, publickly to teftilic to the Protcftants, that they are
alfo ftudious of their prefervation.
This is my firfl advice ; but I conceive there is another
more profitable, and more fecure, if well examined, and free
from all fear of creating new divifions ; which is this , That
the Queen let the Prince know, that having coniidered the Re-
monftances of the Parliament , (he will make all poflible pro<.
vilions for their fatisfadion : before fhe begin her progrefs in«
to Gmnri", and that to the end, {he dcfires his Afliftance, in
reforming and redreffing the' grievances of the State : If
he come not , it will be the Queen's Advantage ; who muft
not fail alfo to treat with the Parliament about the fame thing ;
For what good foever fliall accrue thence , will no more be
attributed to the Prince, fince he contributed nothing to it.
But in this Unity , the Parliament muft upon any terms be
fatisfied, efpecially concernirg the admlniftration of the F/-«
nvnccs , and this muft alfo be readily , and without any re=i
luftaiKy granted ; For when a man condefcends to things
C 4 againft
2:4 The T>uke of Rohan'i Difcourfe
agiinll his Will he muft non difcover his averfion, but ra-
ther pi-etend a ready inclination to ir. If this be minaged
as it o-iglu, and by peifonsthat only refpcft the Qiicen's au-
thority, within fix moneths it will be more abfolute than ever ,
andtheFrince his conQiiracy utc.rly broken ^ Believe it., there
is lltength eno.igh in France to fapporc the Queen , witli-i
oat borro.ving aid from any plice : I will ufe but one ex-
aiir-'lc to contiriTi it , \*. hlch is, the War of the Conamon^
weal again It King Lcivls the eleventh , who dcftroyed that
<Tre.it Leai;ue by no other means, but dividing it ; thougli at
trdc it feeuied to threaten the dedrudloa of his Authority.
if yoj cannot find means out of their particular Interefts to
difunite the Princes, you muft try another way ; If the Par-
Iranicncbc clofe fifted, as they now feem to o,uard their purfe,
they mart be attempted- in their weaker quarters , which they
do not at all fufped :. you nuift blow them up with the va-
nity ot afiiftlng the Queen , and reuniting the divided
State. In the mean time the King growes on , and his ai!-r
thorlty increafes with his age , which \sill augment the power
of the Queen , and dlmlnllh t'lac of the Princes of the Hood.
Bur (\v: muil be very cautious , that the apparent diminution
of foLiie particulars bring not a hazard on that Authority
which maintains them, whlc'i once imputed, would be the ru*
ine of them all.
As for my part, 1 am rcfolved faithfully to ferve the
Qiicen again it Mo'ifr:U' the Prince, to imploy all mypo-Aer
to advance tlie Grandeur of this Kingdome ; and in as much
as lies in n^.e, to incline all thofe of the Reformed Reliction
to the fame refclutioBs : But if out cf any animofitic they
have againfl the Prottftants, or by the procuremtrnt of evil!
Counfcl , they ufe diem as at Saumurc : I will then declare ,
that I will never ^.iiVcnt nor difunite from the publique refoluti-
ons of <jur Aficmbly.
DISCOURSE
upon the Government of the Queen-Mother. 1 5
Discourse V,
^pon the Go'vernment of the Quccn-
Mothcr.
Made in the year i6iy.
T Hat Rhetorick which touches not the Intcreft s ofthofcwc
\\ ould perfwade , hath fcldome any operation upon them;
Nor had the letter which Monfieur dc yendofrriyde Mayerme and de
Bouillon writ unto the King againft the Marfhall d' Ancre ,
nor the Declaration publilhed in hisMajefties Name in an-»
fwer to it 5 a neat and well compofed piece , hitherto any
cfFcdual influence upon any, either to incline them to embrace
the difcontented Princes Party , or to gain theii" intire
approbation of tie prefcnt Government : For the prodigious
favour of the Marfhall d^ A'Ure , was both fufpedted and ab-
horred : and they who were filent at it , were either in ef-
fcd 5 or by forae hopes linked to his fortune : And truly ,
there was never yet any Precedent of a man honoured with
the Dignity of Marfhall of Trance :, that ever ferved in an
Army j nor of a man , that all at once was intrufted with
the tuition of Seals and Purfe of the King j that is to fay,
that grafped his whole Authority : Nor is it lefs ftrange ,
that thofe whom the late King imployed to difchargc thofc
offices, fhould be now difcarded. Though the Chanccllour
hath been faulty iince, yet the Integrity of Monfieur the
Prefident Du Vaii , and his abilities are unblemifhable , and
yet could not thofe parts which advanced him, fecurc him
From difgracc. To- maintain alio that the Edicfls of Pacifica-
tion, and all Promifes made to particular Gommunaltics
have been hitherto inviolably obferved , would be but a vain
Difcourfc to thofe that know the contrary : that is, almoft to
all. This little draught of a complaint, contains in it the
fumme of the moft importance charges againft die Marfhall ^^
Ancrey and the prefcn: Government,
Where •
2 ^ The Duke of RohanV Difcourfe
whereupon fome fay , ic were to b: defired^ nor tfiac the"
Marfhall d' Ano'c lliould be ruined 3 for his birth is equal
to any that in our memory hath been created , not only
MarlViall , but Duke and Fcer of ¥)\uce j and hath raifed a
Family in this Kingdome ; and his Wit and Education , and
many other qualities , make him thought vn orthy of this favour,
and to be naturalized to perpetuate his Family amongft us ;
which would be a great honour to our Nation : But it is to
be defired, fay they , that tliis greatnefs give no juft caufe
ot fufpition to thole who arc jealous of the Royal Authori-»
ty 5 and the French Monarchy 5 and that until! the
perted Majority of our King , the power fliould nai
be ingrolVed by a Single Perfon , who may more eafily
abufe it than many , who preferving the State fiom
the unjufl ufurpation of either , will aflift one the other
in managing and referving it for him alone , to whom,
the Rule of it rightly belongs , untill he himfelf be able to
undertake the adminiftration of it. For no man can tell , unciil
he hath proved it,how far the Itch of Soveraignty may carry* , ncr
can this Tryal be made by any perfon whatfoever, without main-
feft danger both to the King and Kingdome. It is alfo to be
defircd , that the ancient Pilots of the State , refume the
helm again J that the Edids of pacification be faithfully obfer-
ved ; and that thofe abufes, which have a long time raigned
amongft ur, be reformed ; whofe viiible increafe threatens much
mifchief to this Monarchy. But whether we look upon their
Intentions or manner of their procedures , we l"hall deceive
our felves , if we think thofc expedients, which the difcontent-.
ed Princes have formerly, and now flill do ufc, are capable to
cffcd this Reformation : Their two Treaties of St. Mendioiild
and Lgndu/j. will clearly convince all thofc who fl\all cxa^
mine the particular paflages of them, that their greatefl
aim hath been their own private Interefts, and that they had a
"greater defire to ingage many perfons to promote their own
advancement , and favour their own particular defignes, than
to reform the State, as they pretended , or better the condition
of thofe, whom their folicitations had drawn to aconjundion
with them : For though they prom'.fed us a general reftau-
ration of all things by the convention of the States Gene-
ral , they cannot deny , but that they openly made their
Parties in the Provinces, to procure the Eleftion of fuch
as they fuppofed to be of their own faction : Thus did they
violate the liberty they promlfcd toreftore, and give a Pre-
cedent to the Queen -Mothers Difciplcs to do the like. And
thongh
upon the Government of the Queen^Mother. 2 7
though (ince that , to make their own caufe appear more
plauEale to the people , they have publickly accufed many ,
and principally the MarelTiall d* Ancre j yet didfome o£
them, and efpecially of the Reformed Religion, maintain a
flrid intelligence with the faid Marftiall d' Ancre in the
hotteft of the War. Thus at St. Mcnehould and LoJidim
did they conclude upon conditions, regarding only their owa
concernments ; never moving any thing that really conduced
to the advancement of the publiquc good. Nor hath the
defeds of their duty to the State been greater, than their
Injuries to thofe of the Religion j whom yet Monfieur the
Pnnce was pleafed in his Letter to the Queen to mention
as perfons concerned. ^nd though that at the Treaty of
St, hieruhoiild the Dukes of SMaym and Bouillon, nomi-
nated by the Prince , to treat with her Ma jellies CommifTi-.
oners were eameftly follicited by Monfieur de Rohan, who
fent a Secretary of his own in poll: to them , to defire them
to make it appear , that they had fummoned them in good
carnefw , and with intention to procure their Welfare j yec
was the Treaty concluded without any benefit to them , or in-i
deed witliout any mention made of them. They figned al-
fo that at Londun , refufing to expeft the refolution of the
general Aflembly then held at KocM ; though they had en-
tred into a folemn engagement , not to do it without the
mutual confcnt and Approbation of all parties. But this was
not all: for they obliged themielves by a formal promlfe un-
der their hands , by violence to force the Deputies of that
Aflembly , if they did not dilTolve themfelves within a very
fhorc time wliich they prelcribed them j which Promife Mon-.
feurde Tri meiliUe znd de Boiiillon. figned as well as the reft;
which Mon(jeur de Vleffis-^ellay , Monfieur dc Trimouill* s De-
puty, confefl'ed to the Duke of RohM in the faid Aflembly
at KocheU ; to whom alfo, together with Monfieur de Sully ,
he prefented it to be figned by them , which they both ab-»
folutely refufed to do. And when at feveral times many
Romanics Kave reproached the Prince for coming fo cafily to
an accord ; his anfwer ftill was , that the fear of advancing
the Reformed Party forced him to it. Nor did Mon(iem de
yevers cxcufe his refufal to joyne with him in the late commo
lions , but by this , that thofe of the Religion were of the
Party: And Monfieur de Mayne hath alwayes protefted, nay
at the time of their affociation , that he would never procure
any good to them j and yet when they conceive they may be
ufefuU to them , as at prcfent , they want neither promifes ,
rowes,nor proteftitions co engage, Thefe
l8 The Duke of Rohan's Difcourfe
Thcfc; are fonic Aiguments that the principal end of chef^
Princes is not the general good otF?"(2Jre, much Icfsof the Re-
formed party , and God grant that \vc have not now a juft
cauie to fear, as hitherto ( if ihey arrive at their purpole )
an abfolute tranflaticn of the F'l'cnch Diadem : The mildeft
.cenfurcs that fliall view their adions , cannot but fay , thac
the remedies they prepare, are woifer than the difeafc , I
\\iJl not fay the Plague and poifon ot the State. Forfince
they pretend n"thing but the reftoring of the King's Autho-
rity, and the Welfare of the people ; is there any thing thac
lb much prejudice cither the one or t'lc other , as the Ar-
mies which have alwayes appeared as foon as their letters
and declarations ? Can any thing fo eafily raze out of
Subjcds hearts, the Reverence due to their Princes, as the
accufloming them to bear Anns againll: them > For although
thefe Gentlemen will not ccnfefsthat they raife Armes againft
the King ; yet wh^n mention is made of the King*s Party ,
they underftand it of tlic advcife party to them , for fo is the
Kings Army called ; which 1 do not alledge as the formal
Teafon of the Juftice or Injuftice of either caufe ; but only
TO fliew 5 that unlcfs a great extremity exad it , fuch things
ought not to be permitted to the people, which may many
vaics impair their reverence of the Royal Majcfly , that Re-
verence,! fsyjwhich is the only Bafis, and moft firm founda-
tion of it. And as for the people which condemn the pre-
fent Government , whofe errors cannot bring on them in twenty
years , fo many and heavy inconvcniencies , as a Civil
"War will in ten dayes, (ince it is yet difputable in whofc
hands the State is left liable to clanger, cither in the Queen-
Mothers, or the Princes ; what reafon is there to expofe
it to an apparent ruine for a thing , which may be probably
'argued, both by the one fide and the other.
Certainly, if their power v/ere fo great, and the confent of
the people in favour of them fo unanimous, that the execution
would prefently follow the pretention of their defignes, we
fliouid be conftrained to endure it : But they arc only capable to
provoke and ftir the humours, nottoexpell them; to make a
wound , and not to heal it ; to open a way for a forraign
Invafion , never caring how to redeem the Nation again ;
thus do they draw upon themfelves the malediftions andcurfcs
of the people , for the evils they have caufcd them, and have
not the leaft power to do them any good. To this purpofe
remarkable is the decree of the Council extortsd from them,
ihclaftyearby Mor^jim she Prince > vyho was then ptefident
u^on the Government of the ^een* Mother. 2 p
of it 5 which by all thofe that paid Contribution in the time '
o? the late troubles, were injoynedto pay it over once more ;
not without the great amaxement of ihofe that aflifted at
the fame Council , though they had no cdier Intcrefl in the
bufinefs than what Equity , and a natural Commiferation of
their Fellow Subjeds gave them ; But if thefe Princes were
in pofleflion of the Government , the fame complaints might
be exhibited againft thofe, that would difpolllfs them of it, and
perfwade them to patience , until the King iLould have a per-
fe<fl knowledge of his own aflfairs, whofe management he would
be obliged to look after, as his chiefeft Exercife. And good
leafoR alfo ihould we have to complain , if we were compelled
to bear Arms : but the choice is now left us , either to do it ,
or fo ftay at home j though CommlfTions are daily refufed ,
and that thefe Lords proclaim all enemies that come not in to
them.
That which is before faid may give the Vrcnch caufe td
fear the Contagion of fuch Reformers , and to remember, that
there was never yet any War ralfed in FrMce , under pre-
tence of the pul^lick good, whofe principal aim was not the
particular Intereft of thofe that begun it. But efpecially ought
the Proteflants ro be carefuU to flick to their priviledges given
them by the Edids made in favour of them ; to have a
ivatchfull eye uron their cautionary places , and to unite
themfelves more flridly than ever under the name and au-
thority of the Kingi to whom in this poflure , they may be
one day capable to render very confiderable fcr vices, and pof-
fibiy to prcferve his Crown : But if they adhere again to thofe,
who have formerly deceived them, and who de (ire their Afliflancc
for no other end , than to promote their own affairs , they will
abfolutely lofe and ruine themfelves: In the mean time, let
us leave the even^to God , and inceflantly implor^ him f<*:
the prefervation, profperity and long life of the King , the good
of the State, and the finu eftablifhment of the Crown. Amen,
DISCOURSE
30 The Duke of Rohan'f Difcourfe
Discourse VI.
Made in the year i6ij*
A free Difcourfe upon the prefcnt
Times.
I very well know, tliat the general humour of Mankind in-
clines them to defire what they have not , and to dif-
cfteem and flight what they poU'efs. In the time of Hefi;y
the Great , every one complained of an avaritious and op-
preflive Government , but none doth ftir againftit: fince his
death we have feen thofe grievances redrcfled by liberality ; Buc
forafmuch as the number of thofe who receive no profit by it,
far exceeds the other , and that Envy is a vice very com-
mon and predominant : The former Reign hath been again
wilhed for ; The large gifts and penfions conferred on the
great Ones, encouraging them rather to aanfgrefs, than
contain themfelves within the limits oF their Duty. And
now we murmure , that the only means left to reflrain every
one, are imploycd to that end.
Revolving thefe fo different things in my mind , I have re-
flefted on the changes which have happened , and con-
fidcred the former mifcarriages , their caufes , and the wayes
.to redrefs, and prevent them for the future. The courage of
Henry the Great , his Authority , his fupprefling the Grandees
of the Kingdome, his aboimding Treafures , and well ftored
Arfenals , rendred him fo redoubtable , that none durft think
of difturbing his Rcpofc. His fuddain death fubjeded us to ,
a King of nine years old ; and although the Regency without
any oppofition fell inio the hands of the Qucep-Mother ,
yet was it not witliout a great difgufi: to the Princes of tlie
blood who pretended to it. The Councils then moft preva-s
lent , V. crc by the power of others of the Nobility , to with-
' \ ftand
u^on the present Times. 5 1
Aand that Authoricy , which themfelves ambitloned in the
Court i and to maintain thefe two powers in fo equal a bal-
lance, that in the mid'll ot both, the royal Authority ( pof-i
fdild by the Queen ) might freely cxcicife its fundions, to
abafe the dlfcontents of either , by a profufion of the Trea-
fures, Arfenals, Offices and Governments. As for the firft ,
I muft needs approve it to be as good,as 1 muft confefs the lat-
ter to be bad : For though our Malady by thofe means" be
fupprefl'ed for ten years ; yet will it prove in the end almoft
incurable. It is a moil certain truth , that in all Kingdomes
die Power of the King eclipfes that ot the Nobility , and
that the increafc of theirs , doth dlminifh the fplendor of
his. It is a ballancc that can never continue in fo
equal a poife , but that one fide m.ufl fway the other. It is
therefore but an ill way to pieierve the Royal Authority , to
put into the hands of thofe that endeavour to deflroy it , the
only means to reftrain their ambition. How much moreca-
fie was it to have kept the Princes infubjedion in that weak
and ncceflltous way, 1 dare fay, beggerly condition in which
the late King left them , than now , when we have pait-^
ed with all our forces to ftrengthen them with them ? It may
be well faid, that a Kingdomc is better fecurcd by Love
than Tyranny j but then this love muft not proceed from im->
becility and want of Power , which only breeds contempt ;
but muft be teftifiecT by a conftant purfuite of Juftice, and
earneft endeavours to preferve the i>eople from opprefllon r
It Is a didate of nature , that we avoid all inconveniences,
and apply our felves to thofe that ;are follicitous for our
good. I muft include my felf in the fame accufations > if I
fhould extend this charge againft all the Nobility, who are
fo much more the fitteft Inftruments to be imploycd by the
King , as th^y have the greateft means to do him fervice.
I know that thofe, who are of a well tempered fpirit, look up«
on their own as the greatnefs of their King. And more hap-
py, and fecuie are the Nobility, under a great and potent
Prince , than under thofe petty Soveraigns, who dare not ftir
for fear of offending cither V'/ance or Spain^ But I fpeakof
fuch as would inforcc their Majefties to gratifie them, though
they have no merit to juftifie theit pretences; and who al«
wayes imploy their goods , gotten by unjuft wayes , only to
augment their own greatrtefs. Certainly the more you give
to fuch perfons , the more do yeu arm them againft your
fdf. It were much better to refolve to diftinguiftj between Re«
ward and Funifhmcnc 5 the good ajjd the bad 3 to the end ,
• • ^ " thac
3 2 The Duke of RohanV Difcourfe
that the one may be encouraged , the other terrilicd , than
ftill to pcrfift in the pradice of the Contiary , rewarding the
bad, and difcounrcnancing the good ; For Impunity opens a door
to all liccncioulnes and ingratitude, and negled oi good fcrvices,
to defpair and rage.
The opinion 1 have of this Counfel , makes me fufpeft that
the Authors of it , pve it only to make themfelves the longer
looked on, as neccflary to the fervice of the Kingdome ; and
that their own private Intereft , a powcrfull Orator, diflwaded
them from giving fuch Counfels as really conduced to the
prefervation of the Royal Authority , in that Iplendor they found
it in.
And now I am entring on a way which gives me fair
hopes of an happy accommodation of the Affairs of this State ;
iihich niuft be purfued with as much vigour and courage , as
the difficulty, and confequently the honour of the Enter-
prize require. So firm a refolution muft we take, as neither
their exclamations, nor any other Attifice they (hall ufe to
daunt us, may not divert us from our purpofcs, what ever
accidents happen ; which poffibly may be fuch , as that to
remedy them, we may be forced fometimcs to defer , but mufl
never give off our defign.Forpeifeverancc joyned with the royal
Autl^ority, will eafily fubvcrt all • their policy es , efpeclally at
fuch a time, wherein that vertue is not to be found in many.
I co^fcfs, that fuch a Refolution is not to l>c undertaken , but
upon good grounds ; wherefore we will particularly examine
the State of our France , and diligently confider all things
in it :
And firft-, I cbfave, that there are two Religions prc^efl'ed in
this Kingdome ; the one much fuperlour in jftrength, and which
gives the Law to the other, and would gladly be alone ; The
other alwayes jealous of an Aflault , whole ruine will ne-"
vcrthelefs draw after it that of the State alfo : Henry the
Greatjwho was of that opinion , gave an equal influence of
his favour to them both , and would not prejudice his own
greatncfs to gratifie the humour of either.
The ftrcngth of a Kingdome depends up«^ the King, and his
Allyes, not of blood, but imereft. France and Spain are the
two great Powers of Europe y and the hinges oh which all
the other move , who dill oppofe one another , left either
(hould gain the abfolutc Superiority. The Intereft of the
Proteftants , is to uphold tlie greatncfs of France -, and fo is it
alfo of many other States which profefs the Rom'fh Faith : It
is a Maximc cf State , which the King of Fiance ought to ob-
ferve ;
upn the frefent Times, 35
obfeive 5 not to p.rfccuce his Subjcds of the Religion, that
all Proceftants niiv noi: chrovv themrdves upon the Froccdion
pt' En^lvid : yet mull no: the favour he fliews them be fuch^
as may lalfc a jeaioafie in his o.her Subjcds the Catholiques,
which arc the main body of liis State j but he mufl oblioe
them by iiis Jii{l:ice5picferv:ng inviolate their Edicts, and by Ms
confiJ'cncc in imploying them in his fcrvice. None but the
Enemies of his Crown candifailow of flich a Procedure,
Troin the llcliglons , 1 pafs to the dXcontencs , who are
fd!l very numerous, for that the mind of man is unliable,
I'Vefumptuo'-is and envious, and is many times ^ more troubled
at the vvcalt'i and honour which another poflciles , than that:
he enjoyesitftoL hiaifelf. But it is accoriiing to the ilrcnc^th
or vveaknefs of the State ,' that chty difcover thtmfelves more
or lefs. . Thofe who now declare againll the Royal Autho-
rity , wherher of the one , or the other Religion , cxclaime
againft the Government , becaufe it is nor" in their own
hands j accufmg their Majefties, if not of Treacheiy, yet of
Folly ) and futfering themfeives to be led by the fancies of
other men, they fall upon theftoife, nor daring to touch the
arm tlwt threw it, and cover as much as they can the per-
nicious defign they Itave, to ufurp the Royal Authority,
and nivike themfeives Matters even ^ of thei^ Majeflies them-
feives. Thofe alfo that fcrvc the King,. for the moii: part,
toUo/V their own, nothlspleafure. Every one will command
an Army and a Province : and if his Neighbo.ir , or one of
the Huiie rank v.ith himfelf have any Command given him,
and he not j he prefently is difcontented , and dares think
even of trampling upon the throa: of his Mafter : Certainly
if they had all their dcfires , we ihould fee Monfters inflead
of Armies, more Commanders than Souldlers. I confefsfucli
diforders are not tolerable j and that fuch perfons are al-
mofl: as mr.ch enemies of the King, as thofe that are convicted
of Treafon. Others make their coniciences plead for them,
and remonftratejthat it were better for the good of allChri-
flendome to farisfie the Catholiques , by making War upon
the R^eformeA Party : Counfel tending to the Eternizing of a
Civil War in Frartce , andthelofsof its molt faithfuil and
powerfuU Allfes.
Thofe of the Religion , that engage in thefe broils, alledge,
that thty will not ftop at the ruine of the Princes they now.
decry ; but that if we flop not their progrefs , we fhall have
our fhare of the perfecution : - The King's Council proceeds
froip l^omi; znd Spain p one of whith inceflantly ffcks our par-
D ticular
3 4 ^^ "^^^^ ^f Rohan'/ Difcourfe
tic.ilii: d^ftrutflion -, the other , that of France in general ;
which is clearly difcernablc by the inobfervances . of our
Edicts : and tlicigh tliey move ditferent wayes , and for *
diff-rent Intercfts, yet all the dilcontents of either Religion ,
iinanimoufly accord in their defiies of a change of the prefen:
Governmeni:.
And now to come to the Remedies , which by reafon of
the dlveility of humo'.irs, cannot eafily be particularized j
we mull: knovv that there are two forts of Difcontencs ; the
o^'en 5 and the concealed j the former cannot be reduced to
their obedience by any other means then force : The other are a
fort of people that declare for no Party , but would render
themfclves confiderahle by a third : Thefe may much im-
commode the Kings Affaires, by fuch Diverlions as they
can make both with the men , and money they can raife ;
t<> thcfe neverthelefs muH: be applycd gentle LenitivcSj and no:
thofe ha r flier Corrofives of force.
All expedients neceflary for the good of this State , may
be reduced to bur heads. %. The firll , and main particular
is, to force the Princes, now in Armesagainft him, to an
obedience to the King ; to this the way is open ; and the
beft policy is , to ufe r.o other , but only to be very care-
full t0 keep good Armies on fo )t , to make a good choice
cf thofc that are imployed in them , and to make good pro-
vilions for the Payment and Suflcnance of the Souldiers.
The fecond conhils in genera], in the Execution of our
Edifts , and in particular , in bcln^ careful! to free us
from thofe inconveniencies and jcalouiies that have been,
and ft ill are given us. Which may be done by a juft
payment of our Garrifons and Minlflers , and by a fincerc
effeding of that , which in woids they confefs , is neceflary
for us : and by fending Commiflioners into the Provinces , and
keeping a confliant Corrcfpcndencc with the Principal of them ,
which may produce more good than is imagined. The third
is, a wary arid politique comportment towards all thofe, that
declarino; for no parry , can yet raife great commotions in
tht Provinces, as tie Dukes d' E^pC'mi , de Sully, d'
Lcfdigit'era , can by means as different , as their ends. A fe-
veral Rc'.iii:dy mufl: be prepared for each of thefe, who
mufl: be alfo made fen(i!)le of their dif-union, every one la-
bouring to make conditions with the Court apart. Monficiir
d" Efpcmm cannot away with the prcfcnt Government ,
becai'.fe he is excluded fioin the helm : He aimes at the
Government of Gii)cme , and to be made Co/^Jteftahle of
upon the frefent Times. 3 5
TYdnce 5 which fincc he cannot o'uaine by fair , he would
by foul means. He profdres much zeal to the Kind's fei--
Vjcc , concrouJIes the Catholiqucs , pretends to be an ene-
my to the Fi'mce , the Duke of Boui^oa , and ail other the
d.lcontents : and yet doth he dcfire the Government of the
the King ; will live amongil: the Proteftanrs , and will de-
liver the Prince , and ti.e reft. 1 kiyc it to all to jud£»e ,
whether either the one, or the other , can fix any co"nfi«
dcncc on a man fo mutable. If Guycnnc be given him , it
is the way for him to make himfeif Conncftabie : after
which he will become a. Tyrant over the King and King;-
dome 5 as he is already over thofe that live under his
Government'. Se'e what his dealings are : at the fame time,
that he vowes all Loyalty to the K.mg , he promifcs his
uttermofi: fervice to Madame the Princefs , for the delive-
rance of H'^nficur the Princejand maintains a court fpondencc with
all the ether Princes in Armes : As for Monfimr de
Sully J he is wholly- inclined to the good of the State; He
is weary of the hard mcafurc he receives , defirous to have
his fcivices better regarded, and vexed at the negleft ©f
them : but will never be drawn to oppcfe the Authority of
the King , untill he be forced by the greateft extremities. A^ for
Mm^kiiY t'he Marlliai Lefaigiicrcs , he hath great commands ia
his Government , is wife , and one that would be confidered
as a pcrfon of Po.vcr and Authority : but is not at all unrea-
fonable in any thing. The firfl of thefe is the hardeft to be
contented ; for that. Humility fwels his Pride \ Gentlenefs
makes him more Violent , and Toleration emboldens him : yet
rauft be amufed with fair words , untill the taking of Soijjom >
for the iflue of that {lege , will make all the pretended .third
party change their note.The fecond, by an indifferent and mode-
rate ufagc , may not be only rcftraincd , but employed where he
is, to retain by his power the Proteflants within their due
limits ; And the laft may alfo by the fame means be infal-
libly kept within his : His age , his Antipathy againft the
Dukes of Bouillo/i, and d' EfPernon ^ and the ill ufage he
hath had from the Prince his party, are prevalent motives
to keep him to his Devoir. If thefe wayes {hould fail, the
King hath yet Peace , and War in his own hand , which ha
may make with either of them , when he pleafej, and feverally
too For all the Princes now in Arms againft him, would
joync with him to fupprefs Monfieiir d' Efpernony or any
other, that ftiould be fo Fool-hardy as to oppofe him. All of
them, as many as they are, muft needs fight with great
D -s difad-
3 6 Tfje "Duke of Rohan'^ Difcourfe
difadvintagc , having no Chief that they wiJI ovn ; b;ing
in a conc.nual diffidence one of anorher , purfuing the ad-
vancemmt of their fevcral paiciciilar Intcrs^lb , and the de-
ilruft'on of the Kings , who can at plealure difunite them ,
by tcndring conditions to cither of them, when he fliali f:e
his tinK. ThL:re remains no v the lad expcdien:, and that
is J to foincni: their mu:ual Tealouiics , and render them oii-
oas both to their own and forraign Nations j which muft be
done by a particular Demonftration of their dciign , ever
fince the deatli of the late King , to embroil the whole Na-
tion for their omu. private proiit j by difcovering alfo their
Confederacycs 5 Treafons, and their fallacious i^rctenfions ,
how they have cheated thofe of the Religion ; how one
parry complycd . to make its Peace at the others cofti hov
that in all their Treaties they have not difcovered the lead
thought of the publick Welfare - What flibmiflions thty have
all made, to him againft whom they juft before Co loudly
exclaimed ; What fidelity they have fworn him; how faith-
full they ' have been to him , that the world may know what
fpirit leads them j and that Hatred and Ambition , and not
the Love of their Counrrcy, or the King's fervice hath a]-
wayes abfolutely governed them : if the firft expedient be
well followed , and the other three not neglected , 1 ihall
fee the King moft abfolute , the Civil Wars all ended , and
a fair way opcaed to the Glory , and Grandeur of the King
and Kinsdomc.
tJ
DISCOURSE
upon the Divijions of Holland . 3 7
D I S C O U R. S E V II.
^pon the Occapon of the Dwiporis of
Holland. 16x8.
STates and Common-wealths are not formed in an Inftant ,
and the Lav.es which they make to redrcfs theii- prefenc
inconveniences, arc ordinarily better than thofe which re-
gard the future: which is a gicac caufc of their mukiplicit)'
and clunge of Lawes horn time to time , for that they arc
obliged to apply convenient Remedies to furvening evils ,
before they grow incurable ; i fpeake this principally in relation
to the State of the Low^Comtrks , who in a fourty years War ,
which they fuftained againft the power of S^m , are (b
augmented, ftrengthncd and eftablifhed by that glorious toil ,
and become fo ablblute Mafters of all Militaiy Arts, thac
they inforced the King to a Peace. But thousih during the
War, they knew how to eftablilli all neceflary Lawes in
order to the profecution cf it ; yet have they fhewed them-
felves ln!t Novices in their Conduct fince the Peace , or to
fpeake more properly, they mufl confefs that the Govemmenc
of their State hath need of fome new Expedients to prevent
thofe mXchiefs which threaten it no a-.
The King of Spdm tindinc^ by the experience of that long
traft of years , that he could not ruine them by open force,
refolved to work their deftrudion by intefcinc Divifions.
To which end the calm ot Peace and Idlenefs, which .many
times lulls f.ich perfons, as think no harm themfelvcs, into
a fecurity, have given him occalion to rowfe thofe unquiet
fpirits , whom either Difconrenc," Envy or Ambition, will
rot futf^r to reft fatlsfied with their condition. Other Di-
vlfions than thofe of Religion , would have been (ufpefted j
and for as much as that is the nioft advantafrcois proceed-
ing from a Subjed which hath the abfolute Dominion over
others , he defioned to undermine them that way : which
may be juftified by the Writings and Counfels glveii thefe ten
years paft, and upon the fame point which arc ftiil conti oif ated ,•
58 The Vuke of Kohm* $ Dif course
In which he hath fofiiccestuUy laboured, that v.'c^iee that fair
State, which the torceof Anns could not move, is now finking
^o ruine , unkfs fome fpecdy fapporc prevent it ; which 1
conceive yet fcifeable , it" they firmly adhere to , and purllic
their refolutions. Ail the Aircmblics which .they have
had till now , whether particular or general, have been ro little
purpofe 3 for as much as the conilitution oi the Government
of that State is fiich , that the particular Provinces will not
fijbmit td the determinacious of the States General j nor yet
the particular Townes to thofc of their own Province -, tor
that they pretend , that their Rcpubiicli is compofed of as
many Soveraigntics , as To.vnes ; and that they have till this
prefent time fubfifted fo > for that till this prefent they nc-.
ver met with any confiderable accident to diflurb that or-
der i but were flill kept united by the necefifity of their own
prefervation. But no.v the malady is fach , that they will
never find any remedy for it in this order , which real'y
was utterly unknown to former ages. Is itpofTible that the
pbftinacy of fome members, Oiould deftroy die whole bo-
dy 5 or that the body fhould be fo weak , as to be unable to
govern them > To fpeak freely , it feems to me a great
Arsjument of Self- Love and Prefumpcion , to put fo high a
value on our opinions , as to facrifice the publick Peace, and
hazard the ruine of the State we live. in , to purchafe them
a reputation.
To rcdrefs this , I conceive tliey muft take tiiis courfe,
towjt, to endeavour to compofe the dlvifions in Holland con-
cerning Religion , by an Aireml)ly of Holland only , if it may
be done J that fo as near as pofllble they may obferve their
ancient Order ; and alfo to ufe the fame procedure in the
other Provinces, and to pacifie them by the fame Expe-
dient.
But if this fail , they mufl of necefifity have rccourfe to a
Naticnal Synod , which though fome particular Townes refufc
J.0 fend in their Deputies , they mufl proceed in , and fub-
rait the Refolutions of it to the Council of the Statts Gene-
ral ; which in (o important an Affair , mufl defire their
Neighbours, and good Allyes to alfift them , by their Embafla-?
dours, with their good advice j by this means will they be
engaged alfo to confirm and maintain their decrees , which
they mud communicate to them, as alfo to all their Townes
and Souldicrs 5 and I am confident , this courfc will reclaim
moft of thofe that have hitherto difiented, efpccially if they
obferve moderation in the decrees they make.
Hex;
upontheDivifiGnsofHoWmd, 59
Next I conceive that the Stares ought to endeavour to
reduce to their obedience, thofe that perfift in their obftinacy j
and,'! God give them ^race to compafs that defign, they will
extract much good out of thefe evils.
As for the. S}'«o:/, it will be neceflary , that they eftablifli' a
Difcipiine for the Church , that for the future every parti-
cular perfon, may not at pleafare fiy from it ; which nuift be
alfo fo limited and reftrained , that it may not in any wife
incroach upon the authoiity of the States j which may be
eafily efFeded , by forbidding all Syyiods and Ecclefiaftique
Jd'rmbi'es :, not to intermeddle with any thing, but what con-
cerns Religion only ; and that no fuch A^,cmblics be held ,
unkfs Tome fecular Magiftratcs be alfo afliflant there , and
privy to their confukations.
Thev would do well alfo to ordain , that for the future no
Minifter fiiould be admktcd to any cure, that maintained any
Doctrines condemned by the Synod: and ,thai: for the prc-s
fcnt , thofe that preach , {hould be enjoyned , not to touch
in their Sermons, upon any points in Controverfic. But
above all , muft they endeavour to bring them all to the
fame Communion: for as concerning that particular, which
is the foundation of our Salvation, and of infinite Eificacy
to unite us j there is not any diverfity of opinions , as I ca«
learn.
P4 DISCOURSE
40 The Duke of Rohaii'^ Dlf course
D I S C O U Pv S E V 1 1 1.
Reafous of the Peace %nade before Mont-
^Q\Y\Qttn the year 1622^
I
THE juft regret I have to lee iny good intentions daily
alpeiled and calumniated, obli^2,csme5 both for my o/vn
honour, and to undeceive the credulous, to detcnd the mod
uft of my adions, and mofc prontable to thofc of my Rc-
Igion, to wit, the procuring of the general Peace of this King-
come ; In which T hope clearly to demonfti ate the neceflity of
concluding it, and that in it I have uiedall the precautions
could he defiredto obtain it from our yido.ious and puifiant.
King. But before I enter upon this Difcourfe , 1 mull: obfcrve
that my grearcft Cenfures were fuch, as with folded Amies
were only Spedators of the War, and who under favour of a
Declaration, continued in a peaceable Enjoyment of their E-
{lates 5 vv'hile \vc hazarded our lives to fecure their rcpcfe ; and
that among thofe, the mofl: violent of my Detradors , are
fuch 5 as being themfdves corrupted by the Co.n-n , upon falfc
ihopes diverted the good affcdigns of iuch as were inclined
to aflift us , continually poftipg up and down to deprive us
o' the Succours we expected.' Envy is a vlcebafe in it felfj
and yet too well known amongfl men. But leaving the only
caufc of the War, which their unbridled ambition raifed ,
and which their revolts could nor appcafe , they now cad the
blame on thofe who admitted nothing to prevent it , whom
no hopes ot l-'roH: drew into that Engagement, fince they
jofl: 3 11 they had ^ nor yet any thirit of glory , fincc they
cad themfeivcs upon a Parry- that v.as bought and fold j biic
only among other godly men , to find a harpv death dying
lor Chrid, or 'an unexpeded deliverance, which they cojid
nor hope but from the hand cf God alone,
' It will be impertinent for- me to nam.e him that fo unfea*'
|bnably convened the General Aflembly, and when convened,
*"• ■ ' * .incoLi-
upn the Peace made before Montpelller. 41
jncoiiraged them to continue their ScfTion , and then betrayed
them j andwhoj afcer he had made \\\s own peace ^\ith the
Couit^ animated the Town of Kot';c/:'e agiinii the Allemblv :
For it is well known who was then the Deputy Ge-
neral.
It Is alfo necdlefs to fay, that the Inrerells of Monfieur de
Li Foce, and the foUicitations of MO'iJieuy de C.istHlo:z y were
veiy prevalent to make the faid AU'embly renounce all thoughts
of diflolving. For their Agents and r.iriipM have fumd-.
cntly difcovgrcd that they alone impeded their diflolut.on :
And yet the former perfevered not to the end ; but lliufflcd up
a Peace by himfelf, and the other during the WarjCovertly did ufc
what mifchief he could ; and openly , when the other way fuc-
ceeded not : and yet had we all folemnly fwoin by oar De-
puties , not to hearken to any particular Treaty ,. nor to
make any peace , without the confine of the i^eneral AU'em-
bly.
Though by their Conduifl:, both of them have arrived at the
honour to be made Marlhals of F/'^.7ce , and tiiat by mine :
I have lofl: my Governments , yet fl^all 1 not envy their good
Fortune ; but conf^^fs they are more prudent than I am,
I^-^y purp<ife in this is not to accufe any one 5 but only by
the force of Truth to rcpell thofe faults they impute to me ,
and evidently to difcover the necefTity of making that peace r
having not omitted any thing from the beginning to the end
of the War , that might conduce to the advantage of that
Party , which I defired to fapport. For our War being no-
thing but a juft defence of the liberty of our confcicnces,
and tiie fecurity of our perfons unde r the favour of our Edicls of
Pacification 5 granted us by our Kings, we were obliged to
embrace all occaiions might induce the King to grant us a
peace.
The firit Ovcrture'was at the Siege before Montrdil\r,i, where
the EngliiTi Embafl'adour extraordinaiy came thither for that
purpofe 5 fent his Secretary feveral times to mc , to follicle
me to it 5 v/hom 1 prcfcntly remitted to the Ailembiy Ge-
neral ; at length he pj-eflcd ir,e fo with the apprchen/ion of
the lofs ot MoritaubM , that I confented to an interview with
the Comcflable de D^yncs -, which took no cffed , for that the
hopes he had given him of taking MontMb.m , made him
refol'.itc 5 not to include in the Peace , neither MontmbM nor
Eochelle , unkfs they woidd fubmitto have a Citadel built in
their Tovvncs,
' Having
^2 The Duke of Rohan V Dlfcourfe
Having thus broken with him upon the firft point, which
concerned a general Peace ^ and the difficulties of takin^
Mo/i'diikin cncreafing by rcafon of the relief I had put into
it 5 the ConncjlMe invites me to a fecond conference , which
I refufcd 5but he ftill urged the renewing of the Treaty j where-
upon I demanded permiifien to ftnd to the Ajfembly General
for their confenc , to treat, and conclude a Peace ; which I
obtained , but the CoMe[tiible dyed prefently upon it y and
thofe that were engaged in the Affairs , joyned with MO'i-"
fieui the prince, who was now come to the King, and fo
changed the whole defign of the Peace, that infttad of ap-
proving the power , the Ailembly had given m^ to treat of it,
and which I had defired of them , they impute it as a
Crime to me, as if 1 aimed to make my felt chief ot the
Party.
This opportunity thus fruflrated, and feeing I had now
the power cf the General Afj^/ihly in my own hands , I be-
gan another Treaty , but with greater confidence of fuccefs
then before , with Monfizur de Lefdigikiercs , now Co^meJUble
of T'i'mccy and commifTionatcd by the King to treat witli me ; wc
met; and agreed upon mofl: of the particulars in debate , but re-
mitted the entire condufion of it to the King , to whom I,
and all the Provinces under my Command, fent our Depu-
ties : And at the fame time did the Cdnnefhble and I fend
Deputies alfo to the Duke of Bouillon, Sully, and Tnmo'uille^
and to the Marfhall dc U Force , as alfo to the Gmeral Af^
fcmbly , and to my Brother, that they might alfo fend their
Deputies to th? King , from whom they were to expcd the
final conclufion of the Treaty ; informing them withal, that
cur Deputies had no other Commiflion , but to condilt with
them about thnfe Expedients which they fhould think neceffary
for the publick Gojd , ^ and the fatisfadion of each parti-
cular.
MonficuY the Prince, who unwillingly faw the progrtfs of
this Affair, haflcns the departure of the King, that by the
abfence of the Chancellonr , and the Prefident fan-'n , who
remained fl:ill at Far is ; he might the more eafily break the
Treaty j and leads him towards Toi^lou, where the Exploits
of my Brother had given them a found Alarm ; But our
Deputies could not come near the King , till after the Rout
ar Kicq;,, the Treafon of the Baron de St. Sur'm at Royen ,
and the overture of the particular Treaty with Monftcicr de
la Force, which abfolutely defeated the General, and made
the King refolvc to difmifs our D?pu^ies , without ever ad-
mitting
upn the Peace made before Montpellier. 45
mitting them to his prcfcnce , and to puifue his defignes in
Longiicdcc J whither the hopes he had given him by MOiijicHi de
ChAJhllon inyltcd him.
After fo many Difafters that crofl'cd our intentions , the
King marches into Gmenm ^ and there concludes the Treaty
\\ith Monficu.)- de la Force, and others of that Counrrcy;
and having no fears in any other part of his v.holc King-
dome, but in LcLngiiidoc , he draws thither all his Forces.
In the mean time I omit no Care, Diligence nor Induflry*,
to raife the dej.;cled hearts, and to compofe the dif-united
IMembers of our party there. For the approach of fuch a
Tempeft {licok the conftancy of the moH hardy 3 And as the
greatnefs of the danger diverfly affefted the Ipirits of them
all 3 and their zeal to the publick yielded to their own par-
ticular appiehenrions 5 fo Vvere the fadions in oiir Commu-
nalcics renewed again ; and where I was abfent , there were
the faired oifers made : In the mean^uhile 1 polled from
one Province tD another , accprding as their necefTities re-
quired : noi did 1 negleft the overtures made of forraign af-
liftance : For I gave my fervants power to engage all my
Eflate , to bear my pioportion of the charges of the Lcvye
and Condud of fuch fupplies ; and obliged the Provinces
under my Command to do the like. I furnifhed Mont^cllleY
with a pretty good quantity of Wheat, notvvithftanding the ra-
vage that MOfifieur de Mo:itmorency had made there : And ,
without vanity may I fiy it, had it not been for me, there
had been neither Mills to grind it ^ nor Powder, nor Match ,
nor any other necefl'aries for a fiege ; And had they hearken-
ed to me, Lund, Maugh; Mxi'feilhxigHes, and Hym.fg^ei had
been difmantled fix moneths before me ; and MonlpeHier ,
I^ifmcs, Ufe\^ 2nd Sommkrcsiox: the convenience of the S^w^i-^,
been well fortified. And wc fhould then have had men e-
nough to make a brave refiflancc : But the Imprudence of the
people, and the particular Intcrefts of Governours of thofe
places made tliem deaf to my advice , which they have fincejbuc
too late repented.
It cannot be imputed to me , that the eight Regiments
defigned for Mintvdlta , could not get in as well as that of
St. Cofme, and fomc others j for all the Colonells received
their Commiflions , and Pay at the fame time : Nor wps- it
my fault 5 if, that after the failing of thefe Colonels, twelve
hundred men of the Severn s got not in neither, fince their
Commander in Chief had received my Orders for it , and
jifter the Souidjers refufcdro follow him 5 went in with fifteen
men
44 ^y^*^ ^^^^ of Rohan'y Difcourfe
xntn only , without any hazard or ciifficulty.
And now was Mo^itlfdlkr hciicged, where I conceive I did
as much as lay in the po/.er of man to do, for the forti-
tying and ftoinig it with So:ila'ier4|^_and all manner of pio-
vifions in tive weeks ftay , that^pilnade there ; And hefides
did 1 imploy all my endeavours and interelts to raife four
thcwfand Men more to rccruite them , before that the Con-
ncjtabls and the Duke of Vaidojm were joyned with the
King's Army ; but in vain , for it was impoffible for mc to
«iraw any together , but upon conditions made by the great-
cfi: part of them , nor to lliut them up in Montoclher.
1 have by experience found , tn?.t t'lere is a great difference
between popular rcfolutions, and the execution of thtni. For
'isifmes y which had by letters aflured Morztpdl/er , that they
would fupply them with a thoufand armed men from their
own To.\n , would allow me but fourcy two ; Hut i.t Is not
Eno-Jgh to ralfe Troupes , but there mufl be care alfo taken
for their fubfiftence. From the Scvcnes I could not ^et any
Corn , it being no Countrey for it , and had not then e-
nough for themfelves. As for Nifmes > which was our only
Granary , tliey grumbled at the propofirlons I made for any ,
and wou'd afford me no more than for eight dayes onJy^
within which time they Injoyned me alfo to fend in the relief
to Mo/itt)':llicr X and yet had I els[ht Lca^Tues to march with it.
and with tv\o hundred hoife mig-it any Copvoy, 1 could fend,
have been eafily cut olf. xMl the Cornmon^t'es ucre temp-
ted to particular Treaties ; that of the SevcncS importuned
me to make a Peacc^ and plainly told me , that they would
• rot fufter themfelves to be ruined : All our people were
-weary of the War, and unable to continue it : Tiiere was
HOC Forrnge enough left to keep the Cavalry for fix dayes,
which con lifted but of two hundred Volunteers ^ which I
mufl either difmifs , or fend them into the higher LangucdoCy
and confcquently iofe them : The hopes of the arrival 'of
MMsfdd were gone with him into HolLtridy which was a g^reat
prejudice to us : For the Army deligncd for his Convoy ,
v as now ui;on their march towards the King , and were al-
ready come as far as Ton, The King of En^Und inflantly
ii?f;ed me by I^ecters ( in any cafe) to make a Peace, and
^ to fabaiit to , and wholly rclye upon the promifes of my own
Scveralgn ; preriing mc moreover to confider the Affairs of
his Son in Law , and afliarlng mc, that he could not roil'ibly
irive us ary afTiflance ; ^"o which I add, that without a'
Miracle , J^.ar^'pcllicr couii not have been . relieved with any
Troops
i^pon the peace Tnade he fore Montpellier. 45
Troops able to prefeivc it j for that it was fo full of Tray-
touis within 5 that being obliged to drav^ off to a greater d;-.
ibnce from them, I had two thoufand horfcinthe rcarofnic
ior three leagues together.
And now let all unprejudicated peifons judge of the neceC-
iitics tliat oblige me to make a general Peace , and whether
it was pofiible tor me to infift too much upon niceties, with-
out an abfolute rulne of it. tor 1 mud upon a certain day
hazard the fupplies , v/hich was the fame thing as to expofe
tliem to flaughter; or I mufl fee the disbanding of my Troops ,
the demolition oi half our Fortifications , and the King's
Entry only into Mo/UpcWer , without which conditions I
could not pofTibly obtain a general Peace: But all the pre-
cautions that a weak and vanquifhed party could require ©f
a fliong and triumphant enemy , or a Suhjcd could demand
of a King, 1 have procured • and fach , as if thofe oi t^orit- \*i' •»*^
/> //i^'/' would have unanimoufly accepted, they had been now in ^ •,
Liberty: For befides the Patent they had from the Kin^in W5i, **
terms clear and free from rJl ambiguity , Monfiiur de Chey-* ^ «
re^fe y and Monfieur the, I^^larfhall de Crfqiil were delivered up , , , ''^•V^
to be kept hoftages , and to be committed to fome place <JE '•' * *^ >
Safety, while the King flayed a^ Montfdlkr \ whereupon.
fome of the Town told me, that they would not receive
them : for that his Majefly could at plcafure felze upon their '»-»'> i *
Inhabitants , to releafe them > and that they conceived their
prcf^nce would be more advantageous to them than their ^ • a
abfence. ^
As to the fccond particular, I anfwcr, that It is a moftBl*^
flrange thing , that my open and prtfeiled enemies {hoi|j|||^«i^-* j^
omit this occafion of calumniating me , and that thofe thac % % ^ ^
are of the fame Religion with me , {hould endeavour to fnakc ^ '^ wJF
the world believe that , which the actions of our enemies fo*'
clearly refute : for the crafts and violences pra<fticed by Hq^i- i^, Cs. ***
(nu( de ydlence in Montpdlier for the fpacc of a whole ^'
year, to force them to renounce that Patent^ and confentto
the raifrng of a Citadel , had been needlefs , if there hadS^*^
been any particular agreement derogatory to that Patent,madc
with mc before. . ^
There remains now the third, as abfurd as the other ; to"
which I anfwcr ^ that the Souldiers being at my difpofing , who, ^a ^ f.
conllituted fuch Officers over them , "as I pleafed, my Au-*
thority in Montpellier had been much greater^had I abandoned the^^*^ ijf 1
publick Intereft, topurchafc my felt more advantageous ccn-#fc^\ ^^
ditions than I have done ; The moft fcverc of my Ccn- "^
furcrs. hi ' "t
r
4^ The Buke of Rohan'5 Difcourfe
Hirers and Detraftors muft conftfs that the Pcac- was neccf\
laiy aftd good, had it been obfciYcdj and that it was not
in my power to change any thing in the Edid, nor can
they 'y.\bly impute it to me, that it is not fo well obferved now ,
as in the late King's time.
But they further acciife me for negleding to take fuch fecu-*
rities as were requifite for us j and that I refufed to retain
MOfitpcliier , only to necefTicatc them to accept of the Peace
1, had made ; that the Patent given under the King's hand
\s'as but adelufion, and that I had before made other Arti-
cles with the King , by which the garrifon was to be perpe-
tually continued there , that I had caufed Lmsl, JlVjtp' ,
M'^Jilleii'>'gi*^^ 3nd S^mrdcics to fiand out only to amufc ,
and loofe the Souldcrs , purpofely to disfurnilli MontpeUkr of
them i which things if they v\erc truCjthey might juftly condemn
me tor the moll treacherous and indifcreet pcifon amongft
us 5 that being not the way to obtain conditions tolerable
for the publick, or any particular Intercft. But befidcs what I
have already faid, I will yet (bew , that their accufations have
not the lead: appearance of Truth ; for if the infufficicncy
of the fecurity accepted by mc , be objcded as my only
Crime, lanfwer; that to theiaft, I withftood the two par-
ticulars that concerned it moft , to wit, the demolition of our
£w fortifications , and the Kings Entry into our Townes •
But feeing, that the retarding of the Peace , caufed a daily
decay of our Affairs , I was forced, to do what lay in me, to pre-
vent their utter ruine.
I fliall not wafte any more time in refuting this Reproach ;
bat wy care to fecurc my orvn particubr mere [I mdde mc
negligent of th public^ •, for that the whole courfe of my
life , and even this laft adion of the Peace , doth fufficl-
cntly ev idcnce the cop.traiy ; having yet no Indemnity as
jif M to my Governments -, for which 1 have not fliewn my felf
more foUicitous , than for our publick Concernments. But it
4» «£ A ^ is no wonder to me,that thofe , who durfl not adventure any
^ *5^ thing for the defence of our Religion, fhould maketlieir own
the Rule to judge of the difpofitions of others by. My afti-
)ns {ince the condufion of Peace, muft needs appear to
jT^hofe who will vouchfafe them an impartial confideration, as
rfo many Arguments of my Sinccrit)' : i have fpared no pa n
rb procure the Confirmation and Eflabliihment of our Arti-
'clcs. 1 have fuffered imprifonment , and have boldly r;pre-
Tentcd to the King , ho.v highly he doth prejudice both His
honour and his fcrviee, in futfering thefc Jnfwflions of
tliC
upon the Troubles in France. 47
the Peace : But neither the perfecutlons of our A<^veifarlcs ,
nor the Calumnies 'of our own party Ihail ever divert me from
the firm refoktion God hath given me , to devote my felf
entirely to the promoting of his fervice.
And now I fummon all my critical Obfervators and De-
tradors , to ihcvv me a better way than I have taken j and
promife them , that 1 v/ill fscond them, better than they have
afTiP.ed me 5 and that , laying afidc all remembrance of for-
mer Aftions, 1 will with a free and checrfu 11 heart embrace
the caufe of God , and repute it my greateft glory to fuffer
for his Names fake.
Discourse IX.
Jn Apologie of the DhJ^ of Rohan
concerning the late Tronbles in
France,
' npls an Ingratefull Impioyment to fervc the publick,
i efpcciaily a party weak of it felf , and compofed only of
Voluntaries : for if any one fails of his propofed ends , they
all exclaim againft thofe that had the Conduft of them. This X
have very lately experienced; being condemned Ly the peo-
ple , for that their grievances have not met with fuch re-
drcdes as they expefted , and that by the inflig ation of falfc
Brethren , who to purchafe themfelves an efleem with the
adveife party, are emuloufly induftrious to brand me with their
own juft Charader, as alfo by our pretended Pacifiques,
who in a zealous tone , deploring 'cur miferies , and caft the
blame on fuch , as according tp their report , by their par*
ticipation have ruined our Affairs. I willin2;ly excufe the
ignorant people, who fenfible only of their Afflidions, judge
of things rather by ths event than reafon , and lay hold on
thac
48 The Duke of RohanV Difcourfe
thac lyes next before them, like bruit heads , tint only bite the
Ihatt, never reflecUng on t!ic arm that daited it; But I can-
rot pardon men ot leafon , and peifons veifed in t!ie aftali s
cf the world, vAio conciniially fee that the bcfl: contrived
defignes are not infallibly fuccesfull , and that the h')p:krs
do, not alwayes mlfcariy ; Rttch.ltj alone, to my great grief ,
farriiilicth us with a notable example to this purpofe. Its
firft Siege was prcfently afier the Mallacre , and difliparion
cf the whole party , being then weak in fortifications, reduced
to tlie lail gafp , and abandoned by all : which obliged
MQ.ifii'Ht dc 1.1 None , a man eminent in Piety , Prudence and
Valour to perfwade them by a timely rubmiiTion to prevent an
utter defolation ; yet was it delivered from that immin:nt.
dellrudion , by means of the Poliih Emballadours, who came
to demand him for t'lcir King, v/ho had then brought it to fuch
extremity. At the fccond liejJe it was in a very confideiablc
condition, very v/ell fordfied, and llrengthened with Confederates
both within , and without the Kingdome , and at fuch a
time as favoured them with great hopes of better diverfions ,
and yet did we then fee it Ibil : which fhould teach us not
to judge rainly of any enterprifes, either by their good or
bad fuccefs , much lels to condemn them , unlefs we hare
good reafons to juftlfie the Cenfuie j ocherwife lliall wc fliew
our fclves more envious of anothers glory, than zealous for
the puhlick good. Yet could I have born thofe detradions,
had they only reflected upon my Imprduence and Incapacity :
and lliould have only reproached the Authors of them , for
no: taking my place, and endeavouring by their own adions
to corred the errours of mine. But 1 cannot pafs over in
filencc their other accufation , that to grarific my o.vn am-
bition ,1 had expofed the Vrotcstafit churches in Trance lo m-
jne , and that, to fill up the meafurc of my iniquities , I had
delivered them up into the hands of their enemies , to fa-
tisfie my avarice : thefe are the objeftions I intend to an*
fwer , that the world may judge who 'hath been more carefuil
of them , thofe who by an open abandoning , or fecrec op-
pugning them , have prefervcd , and augmented their E-
ftates by the acquificion of fair Ol^ices ; or thofe , who to
fupport them , have refolutely beheld and fuflained the con-
fiscation of their gooas , the demolition of their houfes , the
Jofs of their Governments , the indignation of their King, the
djfperfion of their nearcft kindred , and banilliment from their
native Countrcy.
Toundaa^nd ihi^ affair aiighc , we mult kjiovv, that the
fourcc
upon the Troubles in France; 4^
foiircc of. all our evils, was the Afcmbly GentuiU at Roch.Ue, con-
vened by the Sieuy dc FavM , then our DepHty Gcn'.idL His pre-
tence was the redrefling of the affairs of Be^/v; , which then lay
defperate and pail all hopes of Remedy : But the true occafiyn
of ic, was the deniaU he had of the Government of UBau;- ,
thinking by this means tomake himfelf conliderablcand fought
after, lor his oah i->enclTt ; But, as it is eafier to put a man upon a
precipice, then to withdraw him s fo, with much lefl'e difficulty
might this A :li'-fnb'y be formed then ddVolvcd j I forefaw the incon-
veniencies of it, and endeavoured to prevent their meeting, and
to dillolve them wlien ali'tmbled, for which I was afperfed , as
corrupted by the Court. iUit ic is well known to everyone , who
was the occafion of iheir continuance. Had ambition only then."
governed m^, and animated me to make my fclf Chief of a Party
then .very con fidcrable, andat fuch a time, when 1 had not yec
experienced the perplexities that attended the attempt ; 1 fhould
nor have loi.1 fo fair an opportunity to flicw my coiurage amongfl:
thofe Zealots, whofe flafliy zeal expired asfoonas they had ar-
rived at their ends.
Thus am i clearly innocent of the greateft fault committed in
the management ot our affairs : This obifinacy of the Aff^mbly
drew tl'.e K^^g upon us, every one fubmits, and givts him up our
Cautionary places ; and all from SdnmuT to Mo''itaiiban, yield
without any oppofition, except St. John d' /^ zgt/y, which my Bro-
ther defended as well as he could. To defcribe the various events
of that Warre is not proper for this place. But at length a peace
wasmadc hdo:o Miintpc'Mer, in which there were comprized no
other Generals of any VroiiincA befides my Brother,3nd my felf ;
ail the reft having before made their compoficlons apart wi4:h
large rewards added to their Indempnities : Yet was I then, as^
now calumniated, as the only betrayer of the Pairy. But time,
and the continued violences i have faffered fince the conclulion
of the peace , have pretty well iilenced thofe more injurious ru-r
mo-irs.
Come we now to the fecond Warre '. The ground of which
was a totall infradion of all the Articles of the Peace ; cfpcci-
ally the notdifgarrifonningot MontOellier, and Fort Lewis , and
detaining the debts owing to particular perfons, which made thent
alldefpairof their condition.' As for me, my own private af-
. fairs obliged me to endeavour a continuance of the peace j For,,
being by the favour of Hon fieiiy the ChMCfUour de S^d'-ry , zni
Monftem- dc Viafieax eafed of my opprefTions , I had gotten
fomc affignations to recompence the lofle of my Governments r
Bucthat, which was the moft urgent motive to this Warre 5-
B wcrrc
5 o The Duke of Rohan'5 Difcourfe
were the publique preparations made at LLivet, for the blocking
lip of Kschydcj which muic irb addrefies to m: -y My lUothet alfa
camehUnfwlf to imnirt to me the drfign he had , to diverc the
flormc that thrcacned it. I approved his refolution, which lie
prepares to execute w:th the hazard of his Life and Po.tiincs ,
iiron this condition , tluc in cafe lie profpered, 1 ihoiild allill ; if
he failed, I flio-ild dfoAnlilm. I kno.v noc many of o:ir Ccn-
fiirers woild liave riinne die Jikc adventure. The trcacheiyof
, fome of the Religion encrc.:led the peril oF t!ic enrerprize ;
and was the reafon tint it was but half ctfeclcd : Neverthe-
lefle, he fcized on ail the Sliippes, and made hiir.fwlf Mafbr of ^
the Sea, together with thelflesot Ke and OUo% ovenvhelm-*
ing all that oppofed hirti, until! the F''f«'/j Fleet \\as re-inforced
by the co.ij.mction' of the Ei^l ^ and HollMd.r with them :
\Vhereiiix)n we demanded a peace, which ue obtained j and,
tho-igh it were norfo advancageo'-is as we co.iid dcfirc, yet was
it bjcter than the former ; foiafm^ich as all oir 1 ortifirations
were to remain entire ^ and that the Kwg of Ei^l.nd, by the
King's confjnt , became Caution tor the obfervance of it : who
was alfo piomXed tliac Fort-L^ivis {hoiild within a little time
be razed.
Let us novreftecl upon the tliird Warre, and confidcr who
were the Authcis ot it. The revolts and treacheries 1 had ex-
perienced in the tvo former, made me unwilling enough to
runne my f>;lf inro a ne .v engagement j and, none indeed, that
had not pjoved it, could well judge of the heavinelfe of fuch a
burthen. Not, but that i favv that the loflcof Koch^lkwoAld nc-
ceifarily folio ,v the continuation of the peace, without fonie eX'
traordinary afTiftance ; Nev-errielcile,conceiving the evil irrcmc-
dible by us , I addrelled my fupplicaiionstoGod, for its deli-
verance ; conceiving it a fufficient fatisfadion to my Confci-
ence, that 1 had fomething advanced the condition of our
Churches by the precedent peace , and cafl the care of
the execution of it upon the Oioulders of a Potent Kjng ,
who could not with fafcty be difobliged , and who only was
able to undertake the prefervatian of Koibtlle,
Whiles I was in this rcfolution, came a Gentleman to me
from the l{jng of great BrUahi ; to let me know , that, being
fi-irety for our peace, he was equally fenfible of our futferings,
to which he would apply all convenient Remedies ; that the
preparations made againfl it, aiVured him of o a* enemies inten^
tlons to ruin Kochelh , not.\i:h(landing their engagement to the
contrary; Wherefore, he rcfolved to afTift them to the utter-
Bioft, and that he was now making piovi/ion for that pur-
pofe;'
upon the Trouiles in France, 5 i
pofe : That, in the nu-an whije he wo'jli follicke our "^711^ by
fus Eaibailidoais, to pertcaii hii promiies in our behalf j and
that, though he had l.tde hofes to pievail^ yet he conceived him-
felt bouna to try all gentle wayes, bcfoie e I'.fcd any extiemi-
tles : which it fiewcie forced unco , he v.ould hazard all hiS
Kingiomes, and his o.vn pcrfon too , info jaft a Wane, cd
which he found iUmielf obiigeU both ly Conicjence , and Ho-
nour : provided, t' lat for our }\arts , vve fhould take Amies vvitii
him, and prom Je, as he did, no: to llllen to any Treaty, but
joynt'y with him *, That he wouJd entertain his Armits, both at
Land and Sea, at his own Charge?, untlll the end of the Warrc ;
That he had no oilier aims , than the obfervatlon of the peace,
for which he was engaged j conjuring me not to abandon my
Party, vJien fo ji:fl:, neccH'aiy, and apparent opportunity for ii.s
Keftauratlcn, was offered. Protefling withall , that if he would
not hearken to this otFer , that he fliould hold himfclf difcharged
ot his engagement, both before God and Man. And forconclu-
fion, d^rfired me v\ Ith all fpeed, to difparch a Gentleman to him, .
with an acco.mtof mine, and the refolutions of all our Pre-
ylnccs*
And here 1 demand of my Dctradors what was to be done in
this cafe. If I {liould abfolutdy refufe this offer, and that the
l^ini of E'lr^.a^J after the taking of KochcUe, fliould dtdare, that ,
it was my t auk alone that it vas n'-'t relieved , in what predica-
ment h d 1 then been ^ Had I not been in execration with all
tliofe of my Religion ? ^What caufe had 1 then given them to
condemn me ? And here I challenge every particular perfon
of my Accufers to make my cafe his own, and to confider, whe- .•
ther I could in confclence be deaf to fuch Proportions. On
the other fide, I confidered to what a heavy burthen , I now a
third time fubmltted my tlioulders ^ calling tomlnde the incon-
flancyof our people, the Infidelities of the better fort of them;
the poverty of the Villagers, the avarice of the Citizens, and
above all, the irreligion of them all. ,
All which, were luiHclent to Ihake a more refolute fpirit than
mini. Nevertheleile, hoping that God, who Viad been ever my
defence, would not now foifake me , I was blind to all other
Interefts, then that of his Church ; and extolling his Piety, and
generous Refolut.on, anfwered the King's Pvopofalb, with a pro- ;
mlfe, to take amies, as foon as his Army fliould make their defcent
into the Ifle of jRc, and not before j for that our people would
need fuch a Spurr to quicken them ; and that, according to his
defires, I would within a few daycs fend a Gentleman to him , .
with moft hunibie thanks for this oft ^red afliftancej and to fatlsGe .
• E a hira
5 2 The Duke of RohanV Difcourfe
him in all points he dclircd to be informed. The , now dead
Sxir cU Sdiit Bl uicx,-l 5 was he whom 1 employed : After which,
cime my Lord Maitdgac with Credentials, to confirm all that is
above related.
Tae Englilh Army landed in the Iflmd, and a little after I
appealed in amies : It was no: my tank that that Army too!^ not
ilKCit.iddl of Ke ', nort'utthe fecond vidualled not RochcUe -y
nor that the third did not refcue it from rain. For as for me, I
hid continually two or three Armies upon me, which I ftill held
in play, and which was all the dlveriion could be expected from
rac y and God Co ftrengdiened mc, that notwithftanding our
wants and weaknefle, they got no advantap,e on mc.
But there is yet another afperfion layed upon me , for that,
feeing Ko^'/ii^/^' was loft, and the i\.'«2; engaged in the Relief of
Cd'^il, 1 let flip that opportunity, to defire a peace ; To which
I anfwer, Thattherc was thena Ge^SMi/Zy^/pw/^^y on foot, with
uh3ra I had a joynt adminiftratlon of aftairs j fo, that if there
were any fault committed,it ought not to be imputed to me alone:
But we held ihisAUxime:Notto treat with Any b'M fnch as were ahli
to ma^e good our couUfions : For our former experience had taught
us, that, fach C^'^'iofitiei' had ruined our aftairs j For while we fed
our felves with hopes of peace , our enemies were not lb aftivc to
pieparethemfel/es for warre, but the fpirits of our Party cooled
as faft ; (o that fuch Treaties, were but inventions to betray us
into a deadly fecurlty. Nor did fuch propofitions ever pro-
ceed f lom any but our enemies ; to which we anfAered , that we
were alwayes ready to ask it with all fubmiffion and honour due
to our lijng 'j tliat we only defired leave to fend to the Isj'iig of
Great Bikm , withojt whom wc could conclude nothing. And
as for my part, I pafcfs, tliat Ihad rather have endured all ex-
tremities, than violated fo many religious Oathes 1 hid taken,
not to enter upon any Treaty without him. To which I add,
that tfie hopes we had ©f confiderable and fpeedy fupplies from
forra'gn Princes J the reiterated afTirancesof the l^^g of £;?-
fl.i/i(i\ that he would never conclude a Peace, in which we were
not included ;'and t'lc great diverfions the Kjng then had,wcrc,
mcthlnks, fufficient reafons, to withhold us from fo unreafonable
pre fling for it.
There remains nothing more to be fpokcn , but concerning
the Peace it felf •, in which we muft refled upon the King's, and
ouro.vnconditlon, and how things were then carried ^ that wc
may the hetcer judge, wh:ther any thing could be better doner
Oar Impieties obftruded our deliverance , which God only
Ciewcdus^ as he did the land of C0Mn to the Children of If"
upon the Trouhles in France. 5 ?
rxil , who dyed in the Dcferc. Buc if we reform our ^dy[z%^ iic
will 5 as he did for them, ref^rvc it for our poflerity.
He futfered the jf\,w^ to conquer, as foan as he came and favv :
For to force the narro.v paiViges of the Mountains , to take
the Tovvne of Siija , and reviftual Co.%cil , and make a peace
witli the Ki.^2 of S^.vne , and the D/^/^j of Scivoy , w ere hue
one and the fame ad ion : This expedition over, and the
peace with E'lgl.vid made, he turned his whole power again It
us. Tfic Country about ^o-itankvi was ravilhed by Monficur .
x\\z?irticey and the D/4'- ^' Efjj.yi-oir, tliat about Cj/?i'ji- by Mon^
fi Hi' the Dh^^ de ycntadowy that about M'Uaitd by Mo/ifteiiY
de NoiivH^i; that about Nifm:s by Moifieuv the M-vefcki II d'
Jistrk 5 And the l\jrig in perfon came alfo with his vidorious Ar-
my, which he re-inforced with tliat of t!ie V:tk.^ d^e MontmC'
nncv.
Thus were we at the fame time , environed with fix Annies,
confiding of more than fifty thoufand Men, with a train of fifty
piece of Canon, with Ammunition for fifty thoufand fliot, and
' other provifion fufficienc tor the nouriiliment of the Souldiery.
'Twas then that the Partifa/is the Kjng had in our Townes , began
to flic'.v themfelves, making overtures of particular Treaties to
defeat a gcjneral Peace. Every one of tliofe wafted Communal-
ties, except Nifmcs and Mo/itnubM, required my prefcnce with
an Army ; or threatned me with a particular accommodation.
By thetreadiery of the Sieur de Chevrilles , was the Siem SU
Andre de Monthni'/te, with eight hundred Men o( Langi^cdoc, tcg^*
ther with the Town of Pyivas loft. The Siear de Eeiuvo'ir, ha-
ving made his own compofition, turned Broker for St. Amh''o':fc •
and all the Souldiers I had put in there , went thence Oratours to
pcrfwade others to the like cowardize and bafenefs. In all Lar,-
gucd'ic^zndtbcSevmcs could I not find a man would undeitake
the Command of Alc\j to endure a Siege there ; nor yet in Ai^
ditT^, unleft'v I ftiut my felf up with thera. Divers Commu-
nalties had formed their Aflcmblies before my face,and in fpighc
of me, to make their own Peace apart ; To dillblve which, I was
enforced to call a pyovinckl Ajjembly, and promTe tliem, that, if
that proved inc-ft'edual to procure a general Peace , they fliou'd
then be at liberty to make their ovn conditions. All the moft
eminent of our Party, a few only excepted, upon every {lig'ic
occafion pick quarrels either among themfelves, or with me ; and
mmyof them treated by themfelves ; for, none thought of fa-
ving any thing but his own goo:ls from this m'.ferahle wrack.
In fhort , there was none that had any confideration of the
Publique Intcreft'. I fliould have been then glad to have fccn,
E 3 any
54 T'be Duke of Rohan' j Difcourfe
any of ihck S^iUrCrit'Cl^s, ivho living at their eafe, and out ci
ah dan^eij fo freely beftow their Ctnfuics wron othcis ; 1 bi-
lieve ttiac in rucii an extremity, they \AOuld have tUc no kfs per-
plexities thm 1 then lulfered.
But this is. not all j 1 faw that a general Peace was inevita-
bly n.ceH'ary, but to.;na it obilruded by many and great dim-.
cuities. Th^King'b Council! veiy well knew oiir condition,
and were cxtreamly deiirous to proceed in their delign j encou-
rasj,ed thereunto by our talfe Brethren, v\ho daily made them
pe\v Propofals, tending to our deftrudion : ana, had not I
prevented the execution of th,Town of Sxuvt^s rcfolution , we
had never obtain.'d a general Peace. On the other fide ,
though not one Communally, would put themfclves in a po-
{lure of defence, it being impofTihle to incline them to disburfe
one henicYj towards tiie railing of any Souldiers , or drawing
tiny to thofc: places wliere v e feared a liege 5 Yet, by the in-
ftigation ot fomc inconiiderable, but feditious perfons, bribed to
difturbeand cmbiovleus, did they murmurc , when there was
-any fpeech cf throwing oft but one ftone from their Foitih-
cations.
To remove thefe difficulties, I let the Court know, that I was
rcfolved with the moll: of our Party, to dye b;avcly, rather than
fail of a general Peace. That it wasdangeruus to leave an arm-
ed people no oiher hope of fifety than in death ;, that 1 would
never treat alone j but, that if they would gran;: mc rtfpite but
Cor four dayeswith a celVation for than time, and fafe conduct to
bring i]\zGcncrallA\\.mhlyiyom':slfmr, ,10 ArJn:^, I durftpro-
mife my feif a happy conclufion : which was at length, but not
without much heiication : accorded me When the G:ncYdl Af-
ftmlly were there arrived , they would not charge themfclves
alone with the whole burthen of the Treaty , efi->ecially at fuch
a time, when it was impoflible to obtain a Peace any way cor«
refpondcnt to their defires , and whence the reproaches they
were to fear, fo farre exceeded any thanks they could hope for ,
But ccfues the afl'iftance of the Vrovincial^ Afjifnbly of the SC"
vcfics, and alfo of that of tlie Town of A/idn^c, as being mod
fhrearji-^d with a Siege , and moft concerned in the fubiiftence
of the Fortifications. All conclude that a general Peace was
nccellaiy, and that they ought not to infifton any thing, but
t^c qualification of the Article concerning the Fortificat ons.
'But the Gcnc',\il Aff.mbly notfatisficd with this, aflbciated to
dK-nifc'ves twelve otlier Deputies extraordinary : fix from '^ifmcs^
ami (ix from ^/l\, fent purpofely to endeavour the prefervatlon
'■of the Foititicaticns and a^ many more alfo from the A^'embly
' 'of
uj^on the Tradles in France. 5 5
C'f xx.nS^y^n^s : So that the AHl-mbJy con{itled then of five an./ *
ioiricy, or fitty pcrfoni : who uiian.moiily fcnt their Deputies to
the Court ; where t'lcy had auuiencc, were received to treat,
and many Articles were agreed on ; bur, as concerning that ot
the Fortiticari'-ns, no mention of any modification could be fuf*
fered j fo that our Deputies returned without concluding any
tiling, and made their report to the Affambly-y who thereupon
fent to thofc of the Scveri:s for thsir advice. The To.vn of A/i-
da^. fiill: vote a peace, with the loll.: oF tlieir Fo^cihcations ,
T\zyiiz\\^?vovincids, and lad of all t'le A'cmbl^ Oedcr.dl do the
like aJfo, and returned their Deputies to conclude it}, diargin^
them moreover to infill uponfomc fatisfiA.on to be made to me,
in iicuof the lofljs I had fullamcd. Thus did wc obtain age-
neralPcice; and for my particular, they pro^-ured me a pro?*
mifeof an hundred thoufand Cro*ns; out of w'lich / affign-
ed more thni touifcorc thoulanJ Crowns , to fuchas had either
ferved tile Party, ordisb-U'ed any fum;n2s to vardsthc payment
of the Soildicry; fo, that there remains no: co my portion
twenty tnoufand Crowns to repair my rainatei Houfes.
And now i iliall fubmit it to the judgement of all Prudent,
and Equitable perfons , whether was the occafion of the firll
War ? W^hether the fecond - ere prejudicial to thofs of our Re-"
li^ion ? Whether / procured the third > Whet'ier that Leins; (c-
licited by the Kzig of EngiDil^ to fach an engagement , i ought
to have ref ufed it } Whether that being obli2;ed not to hearken to
any Treaty but conjoyntJy with him, 1 ought to draw upon my
felf the guile of perjury ? Andy whether after the peace was made
between En.gLind and FrMC, when / was bclet of all hands, I
fliould rather fuffci the Extindions of our Edids, tlian preferve
them by a General Peace ; thoj.gh with the lode of our Fortifi-
cations, wiiich we were no waves able todefend.
Thefeare the Crim:^ layd to my charg? by our 'P.u'ifqu s, and
for wliich I have been condemned of t!iourands to be torn with
wild-Hoifes, ( wliich I eftecm a glory to me , fince they before
alfo prefamed to icnccnce Hoiry the Great , and Harquebufierd
him in Effigie), I fliall wilTi t!iat thofe that fliall fuccecd me
have noldlizealifi'lelity and patience, than I have had ^ that
they may meet witli a Pto ilc more conllint, leile various , and
more zealous than I have done • and that G:>d would Crown
their c ndeavours with more proffe)erous Events ; thic at length,
reflroring the Dcfolate Churches of Fratcc, they miy happily ac-
c/3:nplifh what I have attempted. A^cn.
E4 PlS^
5.6 The DukeofV^ohm's Difcourfe
Discourse X.
Monjiepir the Prince his Letter to Mon
Jienr the Dukg cf Rohan.
MonfieiiY 5
THe cxurcfs plcafurcof the K'^^y to indulge tliofe cf the
pretended reformed Religion, with a full liberty of Con-
fcience, hath made me hitherto allow l/t to nil, refiding in our
Garhfons, Country, and Catholique Townes , that have con-
tained ihemfelves within the limits of their obedience due to
his Majefly. juftice hath had its free couife ; Your Seimcns
arc continued in ail places, two or three only excepted, where
they were ufed, not as exercifts of Religion, but as Trumpets
tp Rebellion. The Officers that marched out of the Townes
in Rebellion againft him, flill keep their Offices : In a word,
thpfe of the pretended Reformed R eligiort, that violate not their
Loyalty, arc treated equally with .the Catholiques that have
been flill faithful! to the K-'^^g- The difcrcecer fort of your
Kcligion, have cuifed your Rebellion , and at length found
that the J\idg huh done, nor you, nor them any harm, but
yvhat you have drawn upon your felves, the Maledidion of God^^
and your Soveralgns juft indignation againflyou. By the Let-
ter you wrote to the Sieuy Edmond, 1 have learned the refolu-
tlonof ihz A ff'.mhlyzx.A'ulH':^. Whether will the rage for your-
dlfcovered juglings , and your foolilK animofitics agalnft the
Catholiques hurry you ? Thofe that were taken at GMarguei
were hanged by your own Decree j Since that you preferred A)'"
w.t'/g//a before their lives: Their deftrudion is juftTyabic, by
all the Rules of War, even between two Soveraigns : But in this
c;ifv5 between a fcrvant and his Mafter, between a fubje<5t, as you
arc, and his King, and Soveraign • the threats you heath both
againft the Prifoncrs, which arc of a diflPt rent Nature from
purs, and the Catholicpes rcmainipg in thej^^wnes now in
Rebellion^
upon the Letter of Monfieur the Prince^ 57
Rebellion, will fall upon your Celvcs : You blow againft the
wind J you and your followers , will foon, or late , rcceire an
exemplary punifhment for ic. For my pare , 1 freely declare
I fliali not fail to difpofc of the Prifoners taken at Gallaygiies
according, as with good reafon, I intended 3 and, (befides 5^-.
vigmc, and thirty others with him in T/w</j.'//l',), all the Prifo-
ners of Tn^uet, and MontpcUier, and all others that are already
or for the future fiiall be taken, (haU undergo the fame pains'
you infljd on thofe you now detain 3 and all the Huguenots in
the Kingdom , the Minifters and Officers not excepted ^ fhall
be payed in the fameCoyn, the CathoJiques under your power
arc i And of this be moft confident, ^nd now that Kochclk is ac
the laft ^afp ; and that the Engii(h, difcovering your fallacies
have deferred you, let it fufficeyou, to have added to your for'
mer Rebellions, three moft notorious Crimes : The firft is
the calling in of Forraigners into the Realm, and boaftin<7 of
it publiquely in your writings. The fccond is , the creatine
Officers of T"-ftice. The third is. Your coynlngof mony with
the Royal fiamps ; proper only to the Kjng himfelf. God reward
you according to your deeds, and give you grace to repent.
For my part, 1 could wifli with all my heaiT, that the Kino's
fervice would give mc leave to be
ftom Bcx^ie res y Your afeSionate
T<lovemk 4, f^rvant Htmy di^
1628. Bourbon.
DISCOURSE
5
8 The Duke of Rohan'5 Difcourfe
Discourse XI.
Monpenr the Duks ^f R^^ha/s anfwer
to Monjieur th^ Prince.
My LOid)
As your quality of Prince oF the Blood gives yoi a Privl-
kdge to write what you pleafc to me j fo doth it debar
me of the liberty to anfwer you with tliat freedom I fhould
otherwifc ufe. It lliall therefore fuiTice me, that 1 jalliifie niy
^elf againft your principal Accufations. I confefj^ that i once
unhandfomly took up Armes, it being no: for any ntcrefts of our
Religion, but of your perfon only, who piopiifcd iii a repa-»
ration for the violations of our Edids 3 yet did norhing at all
in it, but Ihuffled up a Peace , before we could hear from the
General Alfmbly, Since that time , every one knows , I never
had any recourfe to Arjjics, but when .obliged by pure neceHlry,
to defend our Eflates, our Lives, and the Liberty of our Confci-
cnces. If the Englifh came to our affiftance , they had much
more rcafon for it than the GrrmMCs vou drew into France ; for
that, by the King's con cnt, they were botli Mediatours, and Cau-
tion for the obfcivr.nce of our Peace ; If we have coyned mc-
ney, it was with the King's ftamp, as it hath been ufual in all
au- civil Warrcs. I undcrftand my fclf too well, to pretend to be
aSoveiaign; nor had I ever my Nativity calculated, to know if
Ifhouldevcr arrive at that height ; I confcfi"- , I am held-in
execration amors; thofc who feek the ruine of tlie Church of
Gfl:/} and glory in it ; As for your thrcatnings , they move me
not ; I am refolved for all events. I feek myreiofe in Hea-
ven- and Godwin vouchfafe me the Grace to enjoy the quiet
of my Confcicnce upon Earth. You put to dcatli the prifoners
taken at GrdlrugiiLs • I followed your example, doing the like to
thof^ J took at Moits^ I conceive this praftice, will be morepre^
judicial to ycur$5 than our men • for as mud^ is being uncer-
tain
ftpon the tArJvper of Monfieur the Pnnce. 5P
tain of their Salvaiion, death muA needs be more terrible to
them Yo.i taught mc to begin an exercife cofitraiy to my own
difpofition. And yet, I flioald con ctive my fe.t too cruel to m;^
Souldieis, not to immolace forae vidimes to them. As for the
mallacres you thi eaten thofe of the Religion with, who, under
the ProteLt;on of the publique Faith, are now among you ; Ic
is a fair encouragement to make them truft their enemies, and a
jufl vindicat.on V our law full defence : 1 hope alfo that the-
Kjni will one day know I have done him no dlHervice, and will
forget his difplcarare. You tell rae, Ga^ will curfe me : I con-
felle 1 am a great (inner, for which I do ferioufly repent me : but,
fincc the ancient Prophefies are fulfilled , and that I give no
credit to thofe of our times, I do not fear that fire from Hea-
ven fliall confume me. In a word, I do net think you bcftow
thtfe imprecations on me in good earnefVj but only to purchafc •
you a great efteem among the Papifts j For, as 'tis reported , you.
have done w'cll enough in this War , which gives me an alfu-
rance ihac you will let us alone in the poor Scvmts , fince there
arc more knockes than Pidols to be received. There remaines
nothing for conclunon, but to pray God that he deal not with yoil
after your works ; but,that bringing you yet back again to the true
Religion, he wil give you conftancyto perfevere in it to the
end .• that imitating the examples of your Father and Grandfa-
ther j you may prove at length the Defender of our Church ;
thenfhall I iubfcribe that to yourperfon ^ which I now do to
your quality 5 that I am
My Lord,
AU%'blovemh.6. Your fcrvant
1628. Henry de Rohan^
Dis-
^o The Duke of RohanV Difcourfe
DiSCOUPvSE XII.
It he DhJ^ of Kohan* s Mamfejio upon the
late Occurrences in the Country of the
Grifons, and the Valtelinc.
THc true Caufes of the Infurredious of the Grlfo^s , would
be better concealed than publiflied ; and it fnuch troubles
me, that I am obliged to difcover them : But the Calumnies ,
which people unpuniiTicd, Are daily fufFered to print againft me,
and the care taken to defciy me both within, and without the
Kino'dom, conftrnln me, for the vindication of my honour ( which
I cfteem dearer than my life ) to fpeak the truth, as mt:ch, at-
leafl:, as convenience wjII give way to : For, there are fomc things
which 1 cannot refolve to touch, but imperfedly 3 though I have
jufl: reafon to prefent chem in their o.vn true Shapes. Tiic
J^/zz^atthe Treaty of HkrafiO, obtained a demolition of the
Forts built by the lmt>eiidi!ts in tlie Country of the G'/'ifons, who
were alfo to be ic-ftabliflied in the Valtctne, as they were before
the beginning of the RebelLon. I was tlicn at ^'f »icr,where when
- /thought of nothing, but fpending the reft of my dayrs in quiet :
I was" commanded by the lO/?^ into the Country of the Gri-
fons, to put that defign in execution : / prcfently obeyed , and
tranfporced my felf into thofe parts ; where I found, that by the
Kin <7's Order there was a Levy made of tHree thoufand M;n :
and that they had begun the Fortifications of the Bridge over the
Jih'?te -y whlc!i I continued with as much care, and dlKgence, as
the money allotted for it would g;ive way. When I had thus fpent
a whole year, I was commanded to reduce the Trsops to a thou-
fand Mf n, and to return again to Vcd'iCi 5 whl-Ji I did to the great
dl{ratitfa(^ion of theGr/o/T, who were much difcontented to fee
thcmfelves fruftrated of their hopes of being rcftored to the VU-
ttl'ncy and in arreares 2;i-Qat fummcs of money for four moneths
cay. Not long after I received a new Command to^ return to
the
on the OccuHncts in the Comtry of the Grifons • 6 1
*he Grifons, to obfervc the Adicns of the Duke of fcria, that hs
Jeizcd not on it, as he marched witli his Army into GLrmmy. Af-
ter that Army had palFcd the Vdtd'inc, 1 had fix fcveral Orders
to enter it, which were a^ many times revoked : at length, I
receiycd other Orders to go to ?aiis, where 1 was commanded to go
to AlfdCi'yUnd thence to the Gijfons,io execute the defignupon the
Valtcime, in A py. I, m the year 1635. ^ happily pafled through
SwitT^Ykn^l, and feized on the ycdtttine , which i defended in
four let Battels, in which the Emperour , and the King of
S^.v.ns Armies, fent thitherto .rive me thence, were defeated. I
iifed all neceflary means to ftcure all the Valtdi/ie^ and the Coun-
ty of Borm and chiazenncs : all which was approved by his
Majefly. Then was I inflantly urged by the Grifons for their
re-llabLfl^ment in the Valtclinc^ according to the many Royal
promTcs made them both by word of mouth, and in writing,
F»ut having no order to do it 3 and being no longer able to delay
tliem with excufes,! fent intelligence of all to the Courtjpropofing
alfo an Accomodation, which, though fullofdiffkulty, I doubted
not to clfcd J 1 had Orders to attempt it j* which I did , and fo
purfued it ; that at length I procured a Treaty^ with the Ratifica-
tion ot the Gnjons^ and the Confent of the VaUelines ; by which
I obtained all that was dcfired, and indeed more than was hoped
for, Butinftcadof his Majefties Confirmation, were fent mc
Modifications, and exceptions which ruined all.
While the Grifons expcdcd the eftcft of the Treaty, divers ac-
cidents happened in the Countiy : to wit, want of money to pay
xhtGrifoii Troops: the Peftilence, which deflroyed the trench
Army • and a violent ficknelle which fur prized me. All which
encouraged thofe that were defirous of InnovatioBs , and alie-
nated from us the Grifon Colonels and Captains, who were be-
fore well affeded to Vrmce j who firft preTented me with a Petiti-
on) next fent mc a Declaration by their Deputies; and at laft
refolved to quit their Ports, and the fervice^ unleflc they received
fome pay.
In the mean while, the jmperid Partifam, loll: no opportunity
to revive thofe Confpiracies , which the Vidorious progrcfs of
the King*s Army in the Faltdine, had well near fupprefled ; and
fo farre did they proceed, that there was nofmall probability
that we fhould then fee that infurredion which enfued after-,
wards. I then kept my bed, having fcarce recovered my fpecch,
and confequently was in no fit condition to remedy fuch difVcm-
prs : All that J could do, was to defire Monfieur Lafnieriht Em-
bafladour, to take a journey to Coirf, which he did, but found
the Party is Tuchjipofture, that he could by 09 meanM break
62 The Duke 0/ Rohan's Difcourfe
off the correfpondcncy between th. Colonsl's and Capta'ns, with
the chief of the League, who promifj.i them to l<favc their
poflsj and retire to the middle of theii Country, and there con-
tinue in a body. As foon as i oad notice of thiS difoider, 1 com-
manded a SccLvi to be prepared, in vvliicn i was carried to Co'irc j
Avhere 1 caufed a Gcncrrd Connci co be held, for the reducing of
thefe people, i was then of opinion lo conceal the Modihcat'on
fent me from the CoLirt, which Mmjieur Lafmer's Judgement
would not give him leave to viflent to i fo, that the proportion of
the Modification was fent to the Commons, which fo ex.ifperated
them, that they held another Council at itlaiis, where they pri-
vately refolved upon the Deputation to impriuhls to treat with
the imperial sis, and Spari'.frds.
Notwithftanding all this, I came to a Comroficion with the
Grifo/i Colonels and Captains, concerning their pay ; upon which
Condition, and after the payment of the firft fumme agreed upon
between us, they were to return to the feiTice. But all the Re=:'
monftrances I could make during thefe ftirres, were not prevalent
enough to procure the fecond payment for thofc Colonels and
Captains, nor any pay for the SivUT^rs , nor money to furniOi
the French Souidiers with bread : fo that 1 was left aJonc , to
ftruggle all at once with the difcontents of the three Nations.
In the mean time tiieir Deputies concluded their Treaty at Im-
pruchts, and obtained of the King of Spin , the payment of
their Troops from the firfl of November, 163 6 the re-ffabliih-
ment of the Jurifdi5tion of the Vdtdine, exercifed by the Gyi[hiSy '
without any diftiiiftion or P^eligion ; and other Articles farre
more advantageous, than thofewehad accorded them. As foon
as I had difcovered tins agreement, I gave notice of it to the
Court, by an qxprcfs of the 27th. af T>ecemh:r in the fame year,
in thefe very terms : That the King muft refolve to accept of ho-
nourable Conditions to leave the Gnfom , and withdraw his
Troops, or to give Order for their fpeedy fatisfadions , it bein^
paft the power of any PromJfes , or Treaties , longer to prevent
the eruption of their difcontents, into an open flame ; And, at
the bottom of my Letter, I conjured 3ifl«//t'«j'Eoam//c}* earncftly
to prefs the confideration of it there , where it was of greatcfl
concernment. But all this produced no cffed. In the mean
while the Deputies returned from Impmchts-y Whereupon, 1
wrote again more earneftly than ever ; ftill hoping , If I could
yet obtain any neceffary fupplycs of money, to efted two things
infallibly J One was to reclaim a good part of thofe who had
deferted us ; being well affured, that dcfpair, and the ruin of
ihcii" domeftique affaii's were the only motives that engaged
upon theOccur^nces in Grifons md Valteline 6i
them in the contrary Pa ity : The other, which 1 had alfocom-
pallki, had 1 been ailiflcd with money, was, to have retarded the
liiins, : For, in fuch matters, he tiiat oains time winncs all, and
delay is the greateft enemy to all Confpiracies. This was the
oniv're?.ron that hindered my departure towards the Valielme y
For having determined to flop me, the fame day that I fliould
be inareadineile to gofionU&irt' ; it had been a great impm*
dence in me to occafion the eruption ot ahufoefle which time
alone could prevent ; but thele confiderations were of no vali-
dity. For, fo fane vcre they ticm furniiliing mc with the nccef-
far.es 1 demanded, that to compleat our mifchiefs, my Meflen-
»er returned without an anfvcr 3 fo that being now void of all
hopes, I hadnootherconfoht.on to alleviate thefe extream per-
vicx'.ties : but to proteil: befoi e God and Men, againft thofe that
iiad occafioned the ruin oi the aftairs of that Country ; which
1 did by an exprcfs, addiefled to Mmfimr tie Kou-rs. Whereup-
on, feeing that 1 was no,v deftitute of all hopes of afllftance,
and that my Letters were not vouchfafed an anfwer ; there was
' nothing more Ictt forme to do, than with impatience to cxped
the approach of tiie tempeft , which 1 had long before fore**
feen.
At length came the ftorm, of which I was as certain fotir
moneths before, as the very day it fell. I confefle indeed , that
to avoid the fight of fo unpleafing a Speftacle , I had defired
leave to go to Vaiicij to take order for my aftairs there ^ which
was granted mc upon condition, that 1 ihould be rcfronfible for
all accidents in the Country of the Grfms^ during my abfence,
but not one \^ord of anfwer was returned , concerning the means
I demanded to prevent tiie evils . forefaw. The whole Counny
then bemg in one day rifen in Armes againft me j all that I
could do was to retire to the fort upon the Khine^ and there to
Rendezvous the Colonel Schmh's Regiment of Smt'^ys , con-
fifting of Sr^omen, with the loo Fm^cb which were there be-»
tore, be forced to draw oft" the Guards from the Bridge over
the Rhine , and from Steich y for that I had not men enough to
Iteep thofe poftes too.
There was I befieged by fii Gr'ifr/i Regiments, which, with
the Spanifh money they had compleated , out of the Commu-
nalties of the Grifen League, eut of the Neighbour Communal-
ties of CorCy out of that of Tam^ of the Valley of PenauSy and
the Troops of Galas^ who were now drawn down to the Grifojt
Frontiercs, I heard not any thing from the Army In the J^alte-
liney nor could 1 fend to them at all, being inclofcd in a Fort,
where there was but oae.MilJ, which cculd fcarce grind Com
enough
^4 Tl&f T)uke of Rohan's Difcourfe
enough for two hundred Men, and generally fo ill provided of
all necefl'aries, that ic is a lliame to Tpeak it : For it was im-
polVihle, notvvithftanding all the raoft inftant foUicitacions mads
to that end, ever to obtain any fetied ftorcs for the labliftance of
the faid Fort. .
Bcfides thefe exigencies, all communication with the ViiltC'
line was cut ofF , nor could I long continue my correfpon-
dcncics in Swit::crU/id ; For the Gnfons kept the Bridge over
the Khi/ie, whicli was fordeable but fifteen dayes : In which
time 1 took the opportunity lo fend Monprnr de Mchjud Em-
bafladour to Swiiq^yUnd, a true ftate of my condition , that
he might give both* the Kjng and Mo/ijki^r de Th^ulleyie, Em«
bafladour of Venice^ an account of it. 1 writ alfo to the Cm-
toi of Zurich, to try, if I could thence in fomc fliort time ob-
tain a tho'^fand or twelve hundred Switx^rs , with which I
would have attempted to keep the Field : But Zurich concei-
ving the propoiitlon too full of hazard to be undertaken by
them alone , there being an Ajfembly GenirM ready to fit at
Balden y thought it lutficicnt to advercifc their Neighbours of
thefe late accidents. And that Cantoyiywkh thji o( Claris j fent
Deputies to mediate an accommodation between the Grifofis ^
and me ; to which end a Conference was held ; The Grifons
demand the V^altdlm^ lb often promlfed them, and a Million
of Livers due for their Colonels and Captains for their Ar-
rears : And moi-eover declare, that, having called in the King's
Forces only to defend them againft their Neighbours, they had
no more need of their afllftance, fince they were novv come to an
agreement with them ; and that, in a word, they defi red with-
out any further delay, they might be put in poflcffion of that,
which did of right belong unto them ; that, fince the Ki'^g had
fome reafons which impeded their re-flablitlimcnt in that man-
ner as they defired , they had now found means to effed: it ano-
ther way, with which they were very well contented, and faiisfi-
cd 5 and, that if all thefe confiderations were laied afidc , yet
was there one more equivalent to them all j to wit , that they
defired not that the King's Forces fhould make any longer-
abode in their Country, and that it was a thing never before
heard of, forcibly to impofe relief on thofe that defired not ,
nor had any need of their afTifkncc ; That Soveraigns glvs
Lawes in their own Territories , and do not receive them
from any other j That, asthey (hould ever acknowledge them -
felves infinitely obliged to his Majefly for the afliflancc he had
vcuchfafed them, fo diditfecm hard to them, that- he fhould
continue his Armies ia their Country againft their will ? To
ivhich
on theOcxunnces in the Country of the Grifons.^d
vvhich 1 replyed, that the K% would eafiiy concicTc end to zny
rcafoiubk proPoiitions, if t cy were demanded as chcyoucrhf
and that, it 'they would give mc time to fend to the Couit I
uould ailiuc them, they Ihould receive .all pofTible fatisfa-*
(fiion.
The Deputies of Zwin])^ and C/jm omitted noti-iing'to .incline
tliem to more friendly terms, at leail^ till the Seilion <^' tlie Af-i
f.mbly at hadtn • hut whether, that they feared the di^bandin^ of
their neVv raifed Soukiiers, or whether it was by reafon of their
nearncis to the ]mi>mdi\{s ^ and S[)anilh Forces, who .delired
norhing more, than to Qt footing in their Ctiuntry,thcy w ouM
not llilen to. any Compoluion, unlelVc I vvouid tngas^e.to give'
them up tiie Ton upon the Kh^ne ', which the Smt-^crs Dtputics?
alfo tearing the kindling of a fire fo near their own Houfes ,-
pcrfwaded nietoiefign.
This was my Condition, and that which is mcfl confiderable
is, that the SwU-itrs were Malkrs ct the Fort , who cryed' alfo,
that they never underftood that tht King's Forces came into the
Grifons Countiy for any other end, than to aid them,as Allyes
<)f the Grown 3 that his Majiilly was too juft to havj: any
. other thoughts • that if it-lliould appea^- to them that he intcitded
any thing, fo contrary to the right of Nations , as to continue '
liis Troops-in a Confederates Countiy, by force, they lliould
then confider what they had to do : That (incc the Gnfons .
tieclared, that they had no-more need d t'le King's Succours, they
could no longer remain there, without contrading on the Freich
Nation the eternal blcmllh of an unjuft ufurpation : And as for
tlieir particular , they could do no lefs than withdraw their
Souldiers, that they might not draw upon themfelves the
guUt of being acceflbries to a thing of fo ill refentment.
I had no time gVen me to deliberate hereupon 3 for, when.
I thought to have kept it twelve or fifteen da)'es , which was
all I could do ; 1 was ^Perpetually urged to be gone : Wherefore,
I took this tollowing courfe • to wit, to leave the Fort in the
Swh%crs hands ( who were indeed Mafters of it before ) and ac-
cept of a certain term to witlidraw the Trench Troops from the
Valtclific, by which I got time alfo to inform his Majefty o£
it, which I could not any other way obtain of*the Griions^
This was all could be done in fuch an exigent as I was in , all
orher coutfes being abfolutely deftradive j For , befides thac
the Fort wa:s not in my power, the Svpit^en being abfolutc Maw^
fters of it : it was, as 1 have before related, utterly unprovided
of ncceflariesj nor could be relieved but by the way oc Swltxcy-t
liind, oi- the Army in the f^^f ^iw. As ioi $yvlt':^'dMd^ it was
F impolfibis
66 The Duke o/Rohan's Vifcourfe'
impoffiHc to be done tliat way : Firft, by rcafon of the avcr/i-.
on the CMom had declared to the defign ; and next, for that it
could not be cft'wded, without forcing the Grifons, who kept the
Bridge over the Rlrnc. As for the Vdteline , it is moft certain,
that no relief could come thence , it being a thing 1 could aot
order, for that it was not in my power , for as much as all com-
munication with that Aimy was cnclrtly cut otF. But, that this
might have been done, it had been requifite that the Vdteline
Army ihould have been then commanded by a Man able of him-
fclf to attempt fuch a thing, without cxpefting Orders from one,
who, as is well known, was not in a capacity to fend them : For
the Foits in the VdteUnc^ and County of Chiavenncs, being fur-
nillied for two moneehs, he might have marched to my afTiftance
with eight thoufand Foot, and (even hundred Horfe, which had
been fufficient to reduce the Gr'ifom^ and to hinder the Entry of
the Gcrm.tnci into that Country. This was the only errour com-
mitted in this Affair j As for my partioalar, 1 value not the vul-
gars d:;rcant on my aftions j having as much fatisfadion within
nay felf, as a pundual and exad obedience to all the Commands
impofed on me, can give ; having not drawn oft' my Troops, nor
delivered up the Vdkline to the Gnfoni , untill I had received his
Majefties Commiflion for it : It is true , that before I had it,
I began to treat, but upon fach terms, that 1 had time enough
to kno.v the King's pleafure,before 1 came to any conclufion.
If fince that time any other expedients to repair that Affair,
were thought on, they came fo late, that MaJtjieHr d* Efiampei^
and HonfttUY de GmbviaU , who were then prefent, found it ira-
pofTihle to put them in execution : which I could more clearly dc-
monftrace; did not my duty oblige me to conceal things of that
nature, which even good manners will never give mc Icayc to
reveal.
0I$CQVlR9i
A tetter to Monfeur the Prince o/Condc. 67
Dl S C OURS E XIII,
J Letter to Monfienr the Piincc of
Conde.
I Had never taken the liberty to anfwer thofc unhandforae
Chaiaders, you would have fixed upon me in the Ajfmbly of
Guienne, in Novcmbr,' laft, could I imagine you lud no other
deiign, than to exempt your felf imm the dillionoux , the
King's Armes, and the Reputation of the French Nation, re-
ceived under your Command before Fo4tarabie ; and fhould
gladly have preferred the refpeft due to your quality before my
own Juftification ; had you not alfo engaged that which I owe,
my blood, and to afperfe me , evidenced how willingly you could
defccnd from your Quality of Prince of the Blood, to play the
fcuivyOratour, as if you better knew how to ufe your Tongue,
and Pen, than your Sword. The greatcft Crime I am charged
ivithin your Writing, was, that I refufed to obey yoJ, which
you yet pretend, not confidcring, thatfuch a contempt of yoiir
Command , would more refled upon your felf than me> if that
fair opportunity of taking F0?UArabie had been loft upon that
cccafion, fince you had then the power in your hand to punih
Hie for my difobeiience. Pardon me, Shy if 1 tell you , that yo i
palliate with my pretended obftinacy , the favour you were
willing to gratifie the Arch-Biiliop of BoUydeinx with, to my pre-
judice, and, that they were your own inventions which made
you change, and re chans^e the Councils after the twofirft af-
faults 1 had given, and at length lofe your oppoitunicy , to
which you impute the affront, as is well known ro the whole
Army, to deprive me of the fruit of my labour?, and fnacch the
Ldtvrdl out of my hands .* But, ho.v can that conduce to th;
defeat receiyecfthreedaycs after, or with what colour can that
|?e laid to my charge 5 finceyou prefently took mz from mv Poft,
F 7, faying.
^8 A Letter to Monfieur the Prince fl/Cond6.
bavins, It vvouIq be better mar.agei by -another, and tlut one
Kmrc's fmiLt alli'-ilc would make you Mailti of the place. 1
rapDofe, iivtKls y 0.1 condemn your felt, unlels you plenlc to
fay^ alio cKi: i lycd yo.ir ton^j,ue and hands : io, ciiac the one
CO J Id not comipa^id, what the others were unable to execute ;
and that yoirwefe much better fcek foiiie inore fpeclous pretext
to opprcfs me, tlian to produce i-ich accufations agahift me, as
on.y betray yoliro'.vn ^uilt. It \^ere another matter, it yet
imputing; the mlfcarnag^es to me , you think it fulVicienc
for' my convicllon, to fay, that 1 Taw the dTorder , and ftlrred
not to avdyou \ to this I can jutlly reply, that, it there were any
thini!,of fo tune, or honour tobefaved after the wrack , it was
1 that prefcivedir, and was alfo the occalion, that the bl'.\)d of
the whole Army was not {hamefully fpilc, and that the lofs was
not greater than the dlllionour : Yoa never did me the honour
to impart anv of yourrcfolutlonsto my knowledge j hor could T
have ever thought, that, lo hinder the Enemies foicing your
Trenches, you would have removed to draw your Army into Bar-
tailla two leagues thence, or th.at you had need of the Body I
commanded j (ince you never gave me notice of it i It is true,
I heard of the diiturbancc, and difordcr in your Camp by the
jSrft that fled,- who came to my Quarters, and in an inftant had
all my men in a leadinefs, expecting fome generous Com-
minds fiom you ; In which ex^>e<5tation , 1 conceived you had
rallysd again j and impatiently attended fome intelligence from
vou • thcfirft and mod certain ncwcs 1 could hear, was that of
your imbarqulng \ which, I mufi contcfs furprlzed me with
amazement, and that beins; not able to ima:^ine how ^that ilio ild
be , I fought in yoiu" Wit, and Cpuragc for thofc Reafons
which I could nor find in your misfortune j for that 1 could
not fuppofe you were circumvented for want of providence; that
if you were forced to give way to the grert:r power of yourE-
n:.m"c55 I did conceive, that retreating to my Trooj)s, which I
till then believed you had kept as a Referve, we mloht rally
the reft by your Prefence, and turn again upon your Enemies,
who iiad gotten fo cheap a Vidoiy ; on which I my felf had ad'»
ventured, liad I not by experience known, how great an infl'j- \
ence thc^^exgmple of the Gi/^tr*:// hath, either to raife prdcjed
the fplrlts of ehc whole Body, and that your fo fiidden im-
barqulng had dirticartned all our Souldicrs ; Neverthek ff:,
all the reft of thai day, and the night following, did I keep all
that were under my Comm>and in Armes : conjeduring that
^•0.1 would take up fome noble Refolution in this Difafter ,
jlftd ^pply fuch %. remedy to .t , ^s^ opuldnoc be expeded from
7 • ' ' " ' ■ • • . • ■ . g^^
''J Letter to Monfieurthe Prince o/Conde. $<^
ariy but yourfelf : I drew not off at all untill I faw my felf
abfolutely fmftrated of my hopes, and then retreated in fuch or-
der, as thaj: the Enemy dki\\t. not make any attempt upon me ;
And^ 'tis in this particular alone, that I can acknowledge any
jufc caufe you have to complain of mc, fince I ufurped the
hono-ir which was due to you • My refped fliall incline me to
futfer all elfe your paflion fliall [peak againfl me •, and, I am
very Torry , that for yoar entire fatisfadion you ilionld be
enforced co fay, tiiat I have been much fufpeded in many other
rencontres, but that I have no: alwayes behaved my felf fo ill :
1 would not, it fhould be known what 1 contributed to yout
paftage into S^.vn, which progrefs you extoll fo high , to make
the rulnesof it fall more impetuoj fly upon me; and could wifli
you had been more refcrved in that acculation , for that the
multitude you bring to convince me in that particular, makes
the WQrJd - impute the whole guilt to you : It had be^n enough
that you had Jufl:itied your felf in a publlque Affimbl^, and
after your faflilon, given the K'ng an account of my Comporr-
mencs, without publilhing and crying in the fl:reets of Poi'is ,
your triumph over mc at ToHtjyab':e. It would have been looked on,
as a Procedure much more bcfeeming your Qiiality, had you left
the thing wholly to his Majefl:ies confideratien , who alone
was concerned to abfolvc, or punlfli me, if I had offended, and
no: made your [dt a Sollicitowr, Judge, Party, and Suborner of
Witnefl'es, agalnO an Innocent and abfent per]fon,whom your Ty-
ranny only forced to leave the Kingdom.
But what have my Father and my Brothers done to be in-
volved with me in your Invcftlves, unlcfs perhaps you defire to
condemn them for fear they fliould Jufliitie me, or that you
think your fjf not fufficiently cleared, umlefs you raze, and
pluck up the very Fo.mdjtions of our Houfe : Pardon me. Sit,
if I tell you that the honour my Father hath had, to be ralfed,
efl;ecmed, and careiTcd by Kings themfclves : the Service he hath
done the State, and his Ag?, might have made you fpare him
for your own fake; flnce you hate him only for mine ; and'thar,
as during his whole life he hrath profefled himfelf to be, a Juft,
and Generous Pcrfon, who never betrayed his Friends , nor
knew how to flatter his Enemies : he hathflrill fo demeaned
himfelf, that he hath never direftly flighted or offended the
Parliaments, as you inflnuate: nor yet been guilty of fo much
folly and want of reafon, as to fl:and in need of fo poor fup-
ports, as flattery to uphold his Quality,
Nor are my Brothers any more guilty of my Crimes than my
Father j nor can 1 imagine why you (hculd feek to make them
f 3 fl3ar<;
ye >f Letter td Monpeur the Prince o/Conde.
tmvt in my difgracc, unlcfs you bare ihcm fomc fecrct grudgo
•vhichyou will not difcovcr 5 But after all thcfe things, s'tr^ I am
forry you ftiould allcadge paft-aftions, as rcafonsto pcrfwadc
the people dE the verity of ydir prcfcnt Objcftionj a^ainft mc;
and that you (hould upbraid me with the Battel rt EfpclletCy
iinlefs for fear they (hould reproach y«u that of ^ole -, and,
that you charge my Father with fcditions, which are Crimes, as
you lay, lead pardonable in all States, left they {hould call to
Wind the troubles raifed by you in the King's Minority 5 dui ing
•vhich time, wc may fafely fay , that you taught the Nobility
ration, ^ the yet bleeding people Rebellion ; which you never
gave oflP, untill the Bois de V'vucenntSy took away both your Rcpu-
ttcion, and the ufe of it.
I know not, 5i>-, with what Eye you will regard this my jufl
Defence; but I truftin your goodnefs , that when you come to
your felf again, you will not ukc it amifs, that a worm of
the Earth fiould turn againft him that gocstocmfh him: and
fcopc, that tJiofc, who have ftirred you up to perfecute me , will
one day more juftlybear the penalty of your Indignation thaft
■ly felf.
Henry dc Kohanl
r I ms.
M/Hh S 1 J936
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