,^s;,\^3
/Demotrs of tbe /Duseum of (Tomparattve Zodlogi?
AT HABYABD COLLEGE.
Vol. XXXV. No. 3.
REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE
EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ,
BY THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION STEAMER "ALBATROSS," FROM
OCTOBER, 1904, to MARCH, 1905, LIEUT. COMMANDER L. M. GARRETT,
U. S. N., COMMANDING.
XXV.
THE SHORE FIBHES.
By WILLIAM C. KENDALL and LEWIS RADCLIFFE.
WITH EIGHT PLATES.
IPubllsbed by permission of George M. Bowess, U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries.]
CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.:
IprtnteO for tbe /Buseum.
April, 1912.
EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC.
The following publications of the Museum, contain Reports on the Dredginei operations, in charge
of Alexander Agassiz, of the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer "Albatross," during 1904
and 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S'. N., Commanding.
I. A. Agassiz. Three letters to the Hon. G. M. Bowers on the Cruise in the Eastern
Tropical Pacific. Bull. M. C. Z., April, 1905. Vol. 46, no. 4. 22 pp.
II. H. Richardson. Description of a new genus of isopods, typical of a peculiar
family. Bull. M. C. Z.,- July, 1905. Vol. 46, no. 6. 4 pp. 1 plate.
III. C. A. KoFOiD. Craspedotella, a new genus of the Cystoflagellata, an example of
convergence. Bull. M. C. Z., September, 1905. Vol. 46, no. 9. 5 pp. 1 plate.
IV. W. E. RiTTER. Octacnemus. Bull. M. C. Z., January, 1906. Vol. 46, ho. 13.
22 pp. 3 plates.
V. A. Agassiz. General report of the Expedition. Mem. M. C. Z., January, 1906.
Vol. 33. 90 pp. 96 plates.
VI. T. W. Vaughan. Madreporaria. Bull. M. C. Z., August, 1906. Vol. 50, no. 3.
14 pp. 10 plates. '
VII. C. R. Eastman. Sharks teeth S-tid cetacean bones. Bull. M. C. Z., November,
1906. Vol. 50, no. 4. 26 pp. 4 plates.
VIII: S. F. Clarke. The hydroids. Mem. M. C. Z., February, 1907. Vol. 35, no. 1.
20 pp. 15 plates.
IX. C. A. KoFoiD. New species of Dinoflagellates. Bull. M. C. Z., February, 1907.
Vol. 50, no. 6^ 48 pp. 18 plates.
X. M. J. Rathbun. The Brachyura. Mem. M. C. Z., August, 1907. Vol. 35, no. 2.
54 pp. 9 plates.
XI. F. E. ScHULZE. Die Xenophyophoren. Bull. M. C. Z., November, 1907. Vol. 51,
no. 6. 22 pp. 1 plate.
XII. S. Garman. The Reptiles of Easter Island. Bull. M. C. Z., June, 1908. Vol. 52,
no. 1. 14 pp. 1 plate.
XIII. E. C. Starks. Atelaxia. Bull. M. C. Z., July, 1908. Vol. 52, no. 2. S pp.
5 plates.
XIV. W. H. Dall. The Mollusca and Brachiopoda. Bull. M. C. Z., October, 1908.
Vol. 43, no. 6. 285 pp. 22 plates.
XV. J. Thiele. Bathysciadium, Lepetella, und Addisonia, Bull. M. C. Z., October,
1908. Vol. 52, no. 5. 11 pp. 2 plates.
XVI. H. B. BiGELow. The Medusae. Mem. M. C. Z., February, 1909. Vol. 37.
243 pp. 48 plates.
XVII. J. Murray and G. V. Lee. The depth and marine deposits of the Pacific. Mem.
M. C. Z., June, 1909, Vol. 38, no. 1. 170 pp. 5 plates, 3 maps.
XVIII. R. WoLTERECK. . Amphipoda. Bull. M. C. Z., June, 1909. Vol. 52, no. 9. 26 pp.
8 plates.
XIX. L. J. Cole. Pycnogonida. Bull. M. C. Z., August, 1909. Vol. 52, no. 11. 10 pp.
3 plates.
XX. C. A. KoFOiD. Mutations in Ceratium. Bull. M. C. Z., September, 1909. Vol.
52, no. 13. 48 pp. 4 plates.
XXI. R. VON Ledenfeld. The siliceous Sponges. Mem. M. C. Z., August, September,
1910. Vol. 41. 323 pp. 56 plates.
XXII. C. A. KoFOiD and J. R. Michener. New genera and species of Dinoflagellates.
Bull. M. C. Z., August, 1911. Vol. 54, ho. 7. • 38 pp..
XXIII. H. B. BiGELOW. The Siphonophores. Mem, M. C. Z., December, 1911. Vol. 38,
no. 2. 232 pp. 32 plates.
XXR'. C. A. KoFoiD and E. J. Rigden. A peculiar form of Schizogony in Gonyaulax.
Bull. M. C. Z., February, 1912. Vol. .')4, no. 10. 16 pp. 2 plates.
XXV. W. C. JCendall and L. Radclifkl The shore Fishes. Mem. M. C. Z., April,
1912. 98 pp. S plates.
/Demotra of tbe flDuseum ot Comparative ZoCloog
AT HARVARD COLLEGE.
Vol. XXXV. No. 3.
REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE
E.\STERN TROPICAL PACIFIC, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ,
BY THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION STEAMER "ALBATROSS," FROM
OCTOBER, 1904, to MARCH, 1905, LIEUT. COMMANDER L. M. GARRETT,
U. S. N., COMMANDING.
XXV.
THE SHORE FISHES.
By WILLIAM C. KENDALL and LEWIS RADCLIFFE.
WITH EIGHT PLATES.
[Published by permission of Geobge M. Bowers, U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries.)
CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.:
IPrtnteC) for tbe /Duseum,
April, 1912.
THE SHORE FISHES.
INTRODUCTION.
The fishes which form the basis for the present report were collected from
the following localities: — Acapulco, Mexico; Perico, Naos, and Toboguilla
islands in Panama Bay; the shores and markets of Panama City; the Galapagos
Islands (principally at Wreck Bay, Chatham Island); in Cook and La Perouse
bays and along shores of Easter Island; Manga Reva (principally in Port
Rikitea and on the outer reef) ; and from dredge hauls taken along the coast of
southern California, Mexico, Central America, Peru, and the open seas en route
to the above mentioned island groups which yielded a few pelagic forms.
As would be expected from places so widely separated the faunas are more
or less distinct. An examination of the list of species as represented by the
collection reveals the following points: — -
1. The fauna of the Galapagos is quite similar to that of Mexico and
Central America.
2. The fauna of Easter Island (represented by twenty-two species not
taken at any other point visited) seems to be different from that of its nearest
neighbor, Manga Reva (Paumotus) and appears closest to that of Norfolk
Island.
3. With one exception (Mapo soporator) none of the forty-two species from
Manga Reva was taken at any other point visited. Its fauna is naturally
similar to that of the other islands of the Paumotu Archipelago.
Unless otherwise stated, proportional measurements of length of head and
depth of body are expressed in terms of length without the caudal, and the
others in terms of length of head measured from tip of snout to posterior edge
of opercle. In the scale counts in longitudinal series, the total number of trans-
verse rows above the lateral line has been counted and only the fully developed
scales at the base of the caudal included.
78 THE SHORE FISHES.
In this collection there are representatives of fifty-five families and two
hundred and twenty-seven species, of which the following are described as
new: — Raja aguja, Kuhlia nutabunda, Girella nebulosa, Eques fuscovittatus,
Gillelus rubellulus, and Enneapterygius corallicola.
The description of a new blenny, Alticus margaritatus from Pago Pago,
Samoa is also included in the present report.
Specimens representing one hundred and fifty species have been sent to
the Museum of Comparative Zoology, all others including the types of the new
species, to the U. S. National Museum.
The illustrations are from drawings by Miss Violet Dandridge.
RAJIDAE.
Raja aguja, sp. no v.
Plate 1, figs. 1-2.
Type, No. 65641, U. S. N. M. (field No. 3161), a female 18| inches long
from Station 4653, near Aguja Point, Peru.
Cotype, No. 1364, M. C. Z. (field No. 3162), a male \\\ inches long, from
same place.
The greatest width of disc in its posterior half; angle of snout obtuse;
front margin of pectoral sinuous, convex opposite eye, concave posteriorly;
pectoral rounded posteriorly; ventral deeply notched; caudal fin small, distinct;
a narrow keel on posterior part of tail, becoming a mere ridge anteriorly; ante-
rior margin of spiracles, nasal and gill flaps fringed; a wide-set row of small
concealed spines on the median dorsal line; thirty-three low sharp spines along
median dorsal line of tail, beginning somewhat in advance of base of pectoral
and extending to first dorsal; a single spine between first and second dorsal;
basal half of pectoral without spinules, a very few scattered ones on posterior
outer half; an elongate wide-set patch along the anterior margin of pectoral; a
few on snout, these more numerous between the eyes; a few on shoulder; tip
of snout prickly; dorsal surface of tail with numerous sharp spinules; anterior
margin of pectoral, snout, and ventral surface thickly covered with minute
prickles; snout as far back as nostrils, around nostrils, and corner of mouth
posteriorly for a short distance, with less numerous finer prickles; region between
upper jaw and nostrils without prickles; a few minute prickles along base of
pectoral ; a few on posterior part of breast ; a small p atch on posterior margin of
each gill-slit; none on sides of abdomen except anteriorly at the sides; no
RAJIDAE.
79
prickles or spines on ventral portion of tail; posteriorly a broad patch of prickles
along middle of pectoral.
Color in alcohol: — dorsal surface purplish brown; a large gray spot at
posterior base of pectoral; smaller and fainter spots scattered over dorsal
surface, also a row around margin of pectoral; ventral surface slaty; mouth,
nasal flaps, and gill-flaps pale.
In the cotype the anterior border of the disc is nearly straight, in other
respects agreeing with the larger specimen. The dorsal surface is covered with
prickles, these are thickest on tail, niiddle line of back, between the eyes, in
front of the eyes, and on the anterior margin of pectoral; fewer in the places
where there were more in the larger specimen ; no prickles on ventral surface of
body or tail; a slight fold along ventral margins of tail.
Color in alcohol; dorsal surface purplish brown, scarcely any pale spots
showing; ventral surface slaty gray; margin of mouth, nasal flaps, gill-flaps,
tips of ventrals, and claspers pale.
Measurements of the dorsal surface.
Total length
Tip of snout to posterior base of pectoral
Width of disc
Distance from tip of snout to front of eye
Distance between eyes
Longitudinal diameter of eyes
Length of spiracle
Height of first dorsal
Base of dorsal
Height of second dorsal
Base of second dorsal
Distance between first and second dorsal
Posterior end of second dorsal to tip of caudal
Distance between posterior bases of pectoral
Spines along median dorsal line of tail
Spines between first and second dorsal
u u.
s.
N. M.
No. 1364 M. C. Z
480
mm.
286 mm.
230
1.37
340
185
67
41
20
15
16
13
15
8
19
10
16
7
15
10
15
8
9
5
16
15
46
24
33
24
1
1
Measurements of the ventral surface.
No. 65641 U. S. N. M. No. 1364 M. C. Z.
Distance from tip of snout to vent
Distance from posterior part of vent to tip of caudal
Length of anterior lobe on anterior margin of ventral
Distance between anterior base of lobes of ventral
Distance from tip of snout to central margin of upper jaw
Width of mouth
Rows of teeth in upper jaw
Rows of teeth in lower jaw
240 mm.
136 mm
232
144
52
34
47
31
70
46
41
23
30
30
28
28
80 THE SHORE FISHES.
DASYATIDAE.
Urolophus halleri Cooper.
Proe. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1863, 3, p. 9.5. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 80.
A single example, a male, No. 3335, 12 inches long from Acapulco.
Snout 5 disc; spinous portion of tail longer than snout to ventrals; about
eighteen retrorse barbs, these more widely separated than in U. aspidurus; eyes
about as large as spiracles; caudal blunt and rounded.
Urolophus aspidurus Jordan & Gilbert.
Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., ISSl, 1, p. .307. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1,
p. 81.
One specimen. No. 3137, llj inches long from Bay of Panama.
Urolophus rogersi Jordan & Starks.
Proo. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 388.
A single individual, No. 3376, lli inches long from Acapulco. Distance
from tip of snout to a line across back from posterior base of pectorals 1.22 in
width of disc; tail, measured from vent 1.17 in width of disc; distance from vent
to anterior insertion of caudal spine 2.5 in width of disc; distance from anterior
insertion of caudal spine 2.30 in width of disc; length of spine 1.33 in distance
from posterior edge of eye to tip of snout ; twelve retrorse barbs on side of caudal
spine; caudal rounded; tubercles with a stellate base; five enlarged tubercles
on median line of back in humeral region; three smaller ones near the base of
tail; scattered small prickles on the interorbital space, along side of back,
posterior margin of pectorals, tip of snout, becoming numerous on the tail;
upper lip fimbriated.
CLUPEIDAE.
Sardinella thrissina (Jordan & Gilbert).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 430.
Clupea thrissina Jord.\n & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 6, p. 353.
Twelve specimens, lit to 2| inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29430
(3 specimens).
Four specimens if to Ig inches long from Toboguilla Island, October 28,
1904.
In these individuals the edges of the scales are crenate, scales 17 + 12 or 13;
dorsal II, 15; anal II, 14 or 15.
MURAENIDAE. 81
Opisthopterus dovii (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 437.
Prisiigaster dovii Gunther, Cat., 1868, 7, p. 461.
Two specimens 8s to 85 inches long from Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29708
(1 specimen).
ENGRAULIDAE.
Anchovia opercularis (Jordan & Gilbert).
Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 42.
Stolephorus operctdaris Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, 4, p. 275.
Several specimens I to Ig inches long from Station No. 1, beach, Panama,
with other fishes in the stomach of a Lutianus. M. C. Z. 29585 (4 specimens).
These specimens are in bad condition but those that can be made out at all
are pretty certainly this species. One specimen shows nineteen anal rays,
dorsal cannot be counted. Another had fourteen dorsal and nineteen anal rays;
maxillary just reaching the joint of mandible; scales entirely wanting and only
the faintest indication of a narrow silvery lateral stripe.
Anchovia macrolepidota (Kner & Steindachner).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 449.
Engranlis macrolepidota Kner & Steindachner, Abhandl. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., 1864, 10, p. 21, pi. .3,
fig. 2.
One specimen 7 inches long from Panama Bay.
Anchovia ischana (Jordan & Gilbert).
Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 42.
Stolephorus ischanus Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 4, p. 340.
Twenty-five specimens 1? to 2n inches long from Acapulco, March 2, 1905.
M. C. Z. 29437 (10 specimens).
OPHICHTHYIDAE.
Quassiremus evionthas (Jordan & Bollman).
Jordan & Davis, Rept. U. S. Fish. Comm. for 1888, 1892, p. 623, pi. 77.
Ophichthus euionthas Jordan & Bollman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 12, p. 154.
One example, No. 3255, 191 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
MURAENIDAE.
Muraena clepsydra Gilbert.
Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2805. (Muraena melanotis Gijnther in part).
One specimen. No. 3118, 22 inches long from Panama Bay.
82 THE SHORE FISHES.
Muraena lentiginosa Jentns.
Zool. Voy. Beagle. Fish, 1842, pt. 4, p. 143.
A single example No. 3374, 17 inghes long from Acapulco.
Teeth uniserial in both jaws; one large, fang-like tooth on vomer anteriorly;
a single row of small, sharp teeth on palate. Both Bleeker and Giinther state
that the teeth are biserial or uniserial according to the age of the individual, and
that the teeth on the palate are sometimes entirely lost with age.
Anterior and posterior nasal tubes of our specimen are moderate, posterior
slightly the longer; eye 2.16 in snout; snout 1.92 in gape.
General color in alcohol : — dark yellowish brown, covered with yellowdsh
spots of various sizes, both body and fins thus colored, largest spots about f
diameter of eye, all surrounded by a ring of black.
Gynmotboraz dovii (Gunther).
Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 348.
Muraena dovii Gunther, Cat., 1870, 8, p. 103.
Specimens, No. 3170, 2b\, 3171, 16, 3200, M. C. Z. 29663, 15, 3201, M. C. Z.
29640, 17 inches long from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
Teeth in No. 3170 are in a single series on sides of both jaws; same on vomer;
in front of this row on vomer is a single long fang-like tooth, there being quite
a space between the tooth and the end of the row; eye 2.5 in snout; snout 2 in
gape.
General color dark brown; the entire specimen thickly covered with small
yellow spots interspersed with larger black ones, giving it a speckled appearance;
anal with a narrow margin of yellow; dorsal margin yellow only where the spots
touch the margin.
In No. 3171 the teeth are biserial on the sides of upper jaw, and uniserial
in lower jaw; anteriorly in the upper jaw there are two transverse rows of three
fang-like teeth each; eye 1.83 in snout; snout 2.36 in gape.
General color similar to above, except posteriorly. The spots on body and
fins are somewhat larger; no distinct pale margins to the fins; on the belly the
yellow spots are finer and more or less coalescent, giving a rivulated appearance.
In 3200, M. C. Z. 29663, the teeth are similar to those in No. 3171; eye 2 in
snout; snout 2.22 in gape.
Coloration similar to No. 3171, except that the spots are distinct on the
belly and do not give the rivulated appearances; on the fins, the spots are a
POECILIIDAE. 83
little more regularly rounded; the larger of the black spots are a little more
than half the size of eye.
In No. 3201, M. C. Z. 29640, the teeth are exactly as in the last specimen;
eye 2.09 in snout; snout 2.17 in gape.
General color, dark chocolate brown, thickly covered with small pale spots
anteriorly, and sparsely posteriorly; numerous black spots, many as large as
eye on body, arranged in more or less regular transverse rows at least anteriorly.
Uropterygius necturus (Jordan & Gilbert).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1906, pt. 1, p. 404.
Gymnomwaena neclurus Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 6, p. 356.
A specimen, No. 3377, 16 inches long from Acapulco.
Descriptions of this species state that it has no posterior nasal rim or tube.
The specimen studied, however, has a prominent posterior nasal tube. All the
specimens entering into these descriptions were small and the length of the tube
in specimens of Uropterygius and "Scuticaria" seem to vary with the size or age
of the individual. The present specimen is in poor condition, is strongly com-
pressed laterally, fins showing only on the end of tail and confluent around it,
the dorsal extending about twice as far forward as the anal; eye 2.28 in the
snout; snout 2.62 in gape; teeth in two series on the sides of upper jaw meeting
at the symphysis, the outermost numerous and much smaller, inner long and
sharp; behind the inner row of teeth in front are two cross-rows of four each, very
long sharp teeth; mandible with two rows of teeth similar to those in upper jaw,
but the long sharp teeth are bunched and not in rows.
Color in alcohol: — uniform dark purplish brown, no traces of markings
anywhere observable; the vertical fins yellowish.
SILURIDAE.
Sciadeichthys troscheli (Gill).
Jordan & EvERMA^fN, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 122.
Sciades troscheli Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 171.
One individual. No. 3142, 13| inches long from Panama anchorage.
POECILIIDAE.
Poecilia sphenops Cdvier & Valenciennes.
Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1846, 18, p. 98 (1.30). Regan, Biol. Centr. Amer. Pisces, 1907, p. 102, pi. 13, fig. 1-7.
Twenty-five specimens I to ll inches long from one mile south of Panama
City, October 23, 1904. M. C. Z. 29433 (10 specimens).
84 THE SHORE FISHES.
BELONIDAE.
Tylosurus stolzmaiini (Steindachner).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 713.
Belone stolzmanni Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1878, 7, p. 397; (Beitrage, 7, p. 21).
One specimen, No. 3254, 26 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
SCOMBRESOCIDAE.
Scombresoz sp.
One specimen lA inches long from Station 4709. Open sea between
Galapagos Islands and Easter Island.
Three specimens 2 to 2i inches long from Station 4669, off Callao, Peru.
Three specimens (dried) 5 to I inches long from Station 4657, off coast of
Peru. M. C. Z. 29610 (1 specimen).
One specimen 2i inches long from Station 4665, off Peru.
Eight specimens rs to li inches long from Station 4571, Lat. 33°, 40' N.;
Long. 119°, 35' W.
Twelve specimens 32 to if inch long from Station 4651, Lat. 5°, 41.7' S. ;
Long. 82°, 59.7' W.
Eight specimens if to 2^ inches long from Station 4667, Lat. 11°, 59.5' S. ;
Long. 83°, 40.4' W.
Three specimens Is to 2i inches long from Station 4673, Lat. 12°, 30.5' S.;
Long. 77°, 49.4' W.
We have compared these specimens with somewhat larger specimens of the
young in the U. S. National Museum of Scombresox saurus and S. (Cololabis)
brevirostris. Our examples are too small for certain identification with either.
HEMIRAMPHIDAE.
Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 720.
Hemiramphus unijascialus Ranz., Nov. Coinm. Ac. Sci. Inst. Bonon., 1S42, 5, p. 326.
Five .specimens 5| to <oh inches long from Acapulco, February 28, 1905,
M. C. Z. 29436 (2 specimens).
Hyporhamphus roberti (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 721.
Hemiramphus roberti Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1846, 19, p. 18 (24).
One specimen, No. 3349, 7? inches long from Acapulco.
EXOCOETIDAK. 85
Hemiramphus saltator Gilukrt & Starks.
Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 53, pi. 9, fig. 16.
Two specimens 2? and 3 inches long from Station 4596, off Acapulco,
M. C. Z. 29591 (1 specimen).
These are provisionally placed here as they agree very well in most respects.
In spirits the color of the beak is black; a broad dark brown band running from
snout through eye to base of caudal, above which the body is lighter brown;
sides of head from and below eye across the opercle and side of belly abruptly
silvery; two dusky stripes along belly beginning faintly at throat, increasing
in intensity to ventral fin and terminating near front of anal where they merge
into the dusky color of that part of body; pectoral pale, dorsal dusky posteriorly;
ventrals pale with large black area covering nearly entire base of fin and nar-
rowing as it continues on inner edge to last third of fin.
EXOCOETIDAE.
Ezocoetus volitans Linn^.
Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 316. Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 351.
One specimen 21 inches long from Station 4615, Lat. 9°, 7' N.; Long. 85°,
11' W.
Dorsal 12; anal 13. Barbel at chin black, nearly as long as head; insertion
of ventrals about midway between tip of lower jaw and base of next to last anal
ray; ventrals short, not nearly reaching anal; pectorals long, reaching nearly,
to fork of caudal; upper pectoral ray simple, other rays branched; caudal lobes
unequal, lower longer than head; pectoral black, the lower three or four rays
pale, tips of others probably white; pectoral with a large black spot near base
of inner rays, another one near the end of the fin at the outer end of the same rays;
caudal pale with some dusky punctulations on lower half of lower lobe; mem-
branes of dorsal and anal black, especially posteriorly; back brownish; belly
silvery; traces of four broad, dark cross-bands on body, most distinct poste-
riorly, the second of these bands immediately in front of dorsal, the 3rd extending
from base of 6th to base of 10th dorsal rays inclusive; 4th on base of caudal
peduncle; chin and snout with dusky punctulations.
The following specimens, with the two exceptions noted, differ somewhat
from the preceding in color and also in not having a barbel on chin, but they
agree in position and length of ventral and in the number of dorsal and anal
rays.
86 THE SHORE FISHES.
One specimen 2n inches long from Station 4710, Lat. 9°, 30' S.; Long.
95°, 83' W.
Back and top of head hght brown, thickly punctulated with darker; lower
part of head and body silvery ; pectoral dusky with a broad pale terminal margin
and with a trace of a pale bar extending partly across fin, occupying the second
4th of fin reckoning from its base ; trace of dusky transverse bar on body under
posterior part of dorsal and extending somewhat on dorsal and anal fins; a
dusky area at base of caudal fin.
Another specimen ij inches long from Station 4720, Lat. 7°, 13' S.; Long.
102°, 31.5 W.
Top of head and back to slightly beyond origin of dorsal purplish brown;
lower parts pale, somewhat punctulate with darker; dusky area of back just
back of pectoral fin extending as a broad faint bar nearly to ventral ; a broad
dark brown vertical bar on body under posterior part of dorsal extending some-
what on dorsal and on anal fins ; in front of this a pale bar of about same width
separating it from the body color anteriorly, and behind the dark bar another
pale bar separating it from the dark area at base of caudal ; ventrals pale; dorsal
and anal pale, except from the extension of the dai'k bar; caudal pale; pectoral
pale with a broad black triangular area covering about half of anterior margin
of fin, apex of triangle on membrane between 6th and 7th ray; tips of all the
rays pale, the membrane between the first and second rays punctulated with
dark.
Two specimens, I and l| inches long, from Station 4718, Lat. 5°, 32.4 S.;
Long. 99°, 32.2 W.
These specimens are similar in color to the last, as are also two specimens I
and 1 inches long from Station 4729, Lat. 7°, 15' N.; Long. 82°, 8' W.
Two specimens l| and 25 inches long from Station 4640, Lat. 0°, 39.4 N.;
Long. 88°, 11' W. The smaller specimen has a long black barbel; ventral
nearly all black. The larger has a long barbel, dusky with black tips; ventral
like that in specimens from Station 4615.
Cypsilurus poecilopterus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 210, fig. 14.
Eiocoetus poecilopterus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1846, 19, p. 81 (112). Gunther, Fische der
Sudsee, 1909, 8, p. 368.
One specimen if of an inch long from Station 4686, Lat. 18°, 47.1' S.;
Long. 89°, 26' W.
Anal 12; dorsal 13 or 14 (broken and count uncertain). Cuvier and
EXOCOETIDAE. 87
Valenciennes state that the dorsal is 12 and anal 8, but in their figure at least 13
rays are shown in the anal. Bleeker (Atlas) states that the dorsal is 12 or 13 and
anal 9, but his figure shows 12 or 13 in the anal.
General color pale, slightly brownish on back; body thickly sprinkled with
black dots; pectoral black, dotted; ventral blackish; caudal pale; anal and
dorsal broken, but showing indications of black color.
Cypsilurus sp.
One specimen 3^ inches long from Station 4619, surface, Lat. 7°, 15' N.;
Long. 82°, 8' W.
Length to base of caudal 63 mm.; head 4.5; depth 4.84; eye 2.33; snout
very short; mouth small, very oblique; interorbital 2.33; dorsal IO5; anal 8;
pectoral reaches to below 9th dorsal ray; ventral inserted about midway between
posterior margin of eye and base of caudal ; insertion of the dorsal somewhat in
advance of anal; scales about 45; first four rays of pectoral simple, shorter than
others. Sixth pectoral ray longest; lower caudal lobe longest.
Color in spirits brownish above, silvery below; pectoral black with paler
rays, base whitish below, tips white; ventral and dorsal black; anal pale; caudal
pale with three faint diffuse spots on lower lobe.
Fodiator acutus (Covier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 728.
Exocoelus aculus Gov. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1846, 19, p. 91 (125).
One specimen I inch long from Acapulco.
Head 3.24 in length; length of beak 2.9 in head; eye 4.33 in head; dorsal 10;
anal 11. Beak black; back brown; a blackish stripe with poorly defined edges
along the side from beliind pectoral; posterior part of body from insertion of
ventrals to insertion of dorsal blackish; outer half of pectoral, except 1st ray,
black, inner rays pale; ventrals, except 1st ray, black; anal and caudal pale;
middle of dorsal black.
? Exonautes sp.
One specimen l| inches long from Station 4646, Lat. 4°, 1.6' S. ; Long. 89°,
16.3' W., surface.
Length to base of caudal 26 mm. ; head 4.74 ; depth 6.50; eye 2.06; inter-
orbital 2.20; dorsal 10; anal 11; first 3 pectoral rays simple.
Color in alcohol : — general color plain pale straw; a few black dots on top
of head and on jaws; body without spots anterior to origin of ventral, posterior
88 THE SHORE FISHES.
to this many small black dots extending back as far as last dorsal ray, on the
sides to the caudal, and on the ventral surface to the last anal ray; pectoral
plain translucent with broad black anterior and lateral margin, posterior
margin plain; ventral thickly dotted with black; a large black spot about as
large as eye lying on the posterior outer half of fin.
Another specimen I5 inches long from Station 4619, Lat. 7°, 15' N.; Long.
82°, 8' W., had dorsal 10; anal 11.
A third specimen I inches long from Station 4741.
In the last two specimens the origin of ventrals is midway between posterior
margin of eye and base of lower caudal rays ; first three rays of pectoral simple.
ATHERINIDAE.
Kirtlandia gilberti (Jordan & Bollman).
Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 58.
Menidia gilberli Jordan & Bollman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 12, p. 155.
Thirty-five specimens I5 to 3| inches long from Naos Island, Panama Bay,
October 27, 1904. Seined, sand beach. M. C. Z. 29438 (10 specimens).
MUGILIDAE.
Mugil hospes Jordan & Culver.
Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 422, pi. 31. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904,
4, p. 60.
Seventeen specimens Ig to l| inches long from Station 4596, Lat. 16° 47' N.;
Long. 100° 27' W., October 14, 1904. M. C. Z. 29543 (7 specimens). Scales
strongly ctenoid.
Chaenomugil proboscideus (Gltnther).
Jordan & Ever.mann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 816.
Mugil proboscideus GtJNTHER, Cat., 1861, 3, p. 459.
Six specimens 3 to 31 inches long from beach at Culebra Island, October
27, 1904.
Two specimens M. C. Z. 29428, 2i and 3 inches long from Acapulco, Febru-
ary 28, 1905.
One specimen 2i inches long from Chatham Island, January 9, 1905.
Neomyxus ciliilabis (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Mugil ciliilabis Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1836, 11, p. 112 (151).
Ten examples of this interesting species, I5 to 2^ inches long from Chatham
Island. M. C. Z. 29368 (1 specimen).
SYNGNATHIDAE. 89
Head 3.5 in total length (without caudal); depth 3.78; eye 3.5 in head;
snout 3.5; D. IV-I, 82; A. II, 10; scales 42 in longitudinal series, 12 in trans-
verse series, counted downward and forward from front of 2nd dorsal ; maxillary
not nearly reaching eye; cilia on each lip in one row anteriorly and at least two
rows posteriorly on sides ; no vomerine or palatine teeth present.
Neomyxus chaptalii (Eydoux & Sodleyet).
Mugil chaptalii EvDOUX & Souleyet, Voyage Bonite. Zool., 1842, 1, p. 171, pi. 4, fig. 1.
Chaenomxigil chaptalii Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Coram., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 140, fig. 49.
Twenty-six specimens lit to 3? inches long from Manga Reva, Paumotus
Islands, February 3, 1905. M. C. Z. 29449 (10 specimens).
SFHYRAENIDAE.
Sphyraena idiastes Heller & Snodgrass.
Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 190, pi. 2.
Four specimens I5 to 2| inches long from Chatham Island. M. C. Z.
29588 (2 specimens).
POLYNEMIDAE.
Polydactylus approximans (Lay & Bennett).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 829.
Polyyiemtis approxiinans Lay & Bennett, Zool. Beechey's Voyage, 1839, p. 57.
One specimen 8i inches long from Panama City fish market.
Polydactylus opercularis (Gill).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull, 47, U. S. Nat. Mus. 1896, pt. 1, p. 830.
Trichiodion opercularis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 68.
Four specimens 5s to 65 and one specimen. No. 3136, 85 inches long from
Panama Bay; one specimen, 9i inches long from Panama City fish market.
M. C. Z. 29555 (3 specimens).
SYNGNATHIDAE.
Siphostoma calif orniensis (Storer).
Jordan & Everm.\.nn, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, pt. 1, p. 764.
Syngiuilhus californiensis Storer, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1845, 2, p. 73.
One specimen 2i| inches long from Station 4571, Lat. 33°, 40' N.; Long.
119°, 35' W.
Dorsal rays 39, situated on 1 + 85 rings; body-rings 21; caudal rings about
45.
90
THE SHORE FISHES.
HOLOCENTRIDAE.
Myripristis occidentalis (Gill).
JoBD.VN & EvERMANN, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 847.
Myrioprislis occidentalis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., 1863, p. 87.
Plate 2, fig. 1.
Ten specimens 42 to 6 inches long and eighteen specimens 25 to 21, from
Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29709 (5 specimens).
Two specimens M and 5 inches long from Station 4615, Lat. 9°, 7' N.;
Long. 85°, 11' W.
Myripristis microphthalmus Bleekeh.
Verb. Bat. Genoot, 1852, 24, p. 261. Atlas Ichth., 1877, 9, tab. 358, Trachichth., 4, fig. 2
Three specimens, Nos. 3305, 3306, 3307, M. C. Z. 29670, 5i to 6^ inches
long from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
One specimen 5x5 inches long from Manga Reva, February 1, 1905, coral.
These agree with .specimens from Samoa, identified as this species by Jordan
and Seale.
Measurements.
No. 3305
No. 3306
No. 3307
Manga Reva
Total length in inches
5H
6A
5|
5H
Head in length without caudal
3 05
3.17
3.02
3.08
Depth in length without caudal
2.20
2.24
2.22
1.96
Eye in head
2.29
2.27
2.29
2.31
Interorbital in head
3.71
3.72
3.54
3.70
Scales
3^28+4-5^
3F28+4-5i
3^28+4-5^
3}-28+4-5^
Dorsal
X-i, 16
X-i, 16
X-1, 16
X-1, 16
Anal
IV, 14
IV, 14
IV, 14
IV, 14
Maxillary denticulations
none
present
none
R. none
L. 4 large
blunt.
Edge of opercle
dusky
not dusky
dusky
dusky
Axil pectoral
black
black
black
black
Myripristis pralinius CnviER & Valenciennes.
Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1829, 3, p. 127 (170). Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 222.
Eight specimens, Nos. 3188-95, 61 to 9 inches long from Cook Bay, Easter
Island No. 3193, M. C. Z. 29624, No. 3194, M. C. Z. 29625, No. 3195, M. C. Z.
29620.
The description and figure of M. sanguineus given by Jordan and Seale is
erroneous. We have examined and measured the Type, U. S. Nat. Mus. No.
HOLOCENTRIDAE.
91
51721, 7g inches long and find it differs from the measurements given by Jordan
and Seale as follows: — head 3.08 instead of 3.40 in length; eye 2.19 instead of
2.50 in head; dorsal X-1, 152 instead of X-1, 14 (15 in figure); anal IV, 14^
instead of IV, 13 (14 in figure); interorbital 3.53 instead of 3.85 in head.
The patch of enlarged blunt outer teeth on each side of upper and lower
jaw referred to by Jordan and Seale are very probably sexual or breeding tubercles
since they are not constant, and are found in other species. If, however, they
refer to the presence or absence of true outer enlarged teeth in the maxillary,
these also are not characteristic, since they are present in varying degree in all
the specimens we have examined. The dentition on the lower posterior margin
of maxillarj- is not characteristic, it may or may not be present; in some speci-
mens it is found on one side and not on the other.
The following comparative measurements, of eight examples here identified
as M. pralinius from Cook Bay, Easter Island, three examples from Samoa
(identified as such by Jordan and Seale), the Type of M. sanguineus from Samoa
and the Type of M. symmetricus from Hawaii, show such slight differences in
essential characters that we are unable to separate the species.
Proportional measurernents of M. pralinius from Cook Bay.
No. 3188
No. 3189
No. 3190
No. 3191
Head in length without caudal
2.94
2.96
3.07
3.08
Depth in length without caudal
2.64
2.69
2.56
2.67
Eye in head
2.03
2.04
2.19
2.14
Maxillary teeth on lower edge
R-L
7-4
R-L
2-7
R-L
8-2
none
Interorbital in head
4.07
4.08
3 73
3.75
Scales
3^38+3-7
3i-38+3-7
3^7 +4-7
3i-36+4-7
Dorsal
X-1, m
X-1, 15i
X-1, 15i
X-1, 15J
Anal
IV, 13
IV, 13
IV, m
IV, 14
Dusky puuctul
itions on tip
Dusky punctulations on tip
of anal.
of soft dorsal and anal.
Proportional measurements of M. pralinius from Cook Bay.
No. 3192
No. 3193
No. 3194
No. 3195
Head in length without caudal
2.92
2.94
2.68
2.96
Depth in length without caudal
2.50
2.54
2.30
2.62
Eye in head
2.03
2.07
2.14
2.07
Maxillary teeth on lower edge
R. bunched
R. group of 9.
R-L
R-L
11 of them.
12-4
11-7
L. single row
L. group of
of 11.
20.
92 THE SHORE FISHES.
Proportional measurements of M. pralinius from Cook Bay. Continued.
No. 3192
No. 3193
No. 3194
No. 3195
Interorbital in head
3.78
3.86
4.07
4.23
Scales
3^37+3-7
3i-36+3-7
3^-38+3-7
3i-38+4-7
Dorsal
X-1, 15i
X-1, 151
mutilated
X-1, 15^
Anal
IV, 14
IV, 15
IV, 13^
IV, 13t
Dusky punc-
Dusky punc-
Dusky punc-
Dusky punc-
tulations on
tulations on
tulations on
tulations on
tip soft dorsal
tip dorsal.
tip anal.
anal and soft
and anal.
dorsal.
Proportional measurements.
M. sanguineus M. symmetricus
Samoa Hilo, Hawaii
Type U. S. N. M. No. 51721 j TypeU. S. N. M. No 50630
Length in inches
7i
5^
Head in length without caudal
3.08
3.35
Depth in length without caudal
2.40
2.53
Eye in head
2.19
2.12
Maxillary teeth on lower edge
R-L
4-3
none
Interorbital in head
3 53
3.40
Scales
3^-37 +-7
3i-36+4-7
Dorsal
X-1, 15 J
X-1, 15
Anal
IV, 14i
Teeth hke tubercles
present on outer edge of
upper and lower jaw.
IV, 13J
Proportional measurements of M. pralinius from Apia, Sarnoa.
Length in inches
51
5i
5i
Head in length without caudal
3.11
3 11
Depth in length without caudal
2.48
2.58
Eye in head
2.11
2.
Maxillary teeth on lower edge
R-L
5-4
R-L
7-5
R-L
0-5
Interorbital in head
3.42
4.
Scales
3J-36+4-7
3i-40-7
3J-38+ -7
Dorsal
X-1, 15i
X-1, 15J
X-1, 15i
Anal
IV, m
IV, 14i
IV, 15J
No tooth-hke
Tooth-like tubercles present on outer
tu-
edge of upper and lower jaw.
bercles present
on
uuLei eugeoi upper
and lower jaw.
Dorsal and anal dusky at tips.
HOLOCENTRIDAE.
93
Myripristis multiradiatus GtJNTHER.
Fische der Sudsee, 1874, 3, p. 93. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 49.
A specimen, No. 3308, 5 inches long from Rikitea, Manga Reva agrees with
one collected by Jordan and Evermann at Honolulu, and also with their de-
scription of the species (Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. 23). The measurements of our
specimen are as follows : —
Head 3.05 in length without caudal; depth 2.29 in length without caudal,
eye 2.20 in head; interorbital 4.12 in head; dorsal X-1, IG2; anal IV, 155 or 16
scales 35^0+3-65; opercular margin black; axil black. The following
color note was found attached to the specimen: "General shade vermilion
edges of soft dorsal, caudal, ventral and anal white; brown-red bar from axil
up across opercle, [vertical] bar through eye darker, bar cross preopercle."
Giinther states that this species is closely related to M. pralinius, but it
differs considerably from the form which we have identified as such.
Myripristis sealei Jenkins.
Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 1904, 22, p. 439, fig. 13.
Tliirteen specimens, Nos. 3228-40, 5| to Gig inches long from Wreck Bay,
Chatham Island. No. 3236, M. C. Z. 29621, No. 3237, M. C. Z. 29652,
No. 3238, M. C. Z. 29622, No. 3239, M. C. Z. 29707, No. 3240, M. C. Z. 29626.
Owing to discrepancies in the description and figure, we have made measure-
ments of the Type so that in comparing our specimens we may have the same
personal equation.
Proportional measurements.
Type
No. 3231
No. 3237
No. 3232
Head in length without caudal
3.17
3.00
3.10
3.08
Depth in length without caudal
2.63
2.69
2.75
2.53
Eye in head
2,26
2.37
2.22
2.30
Interorbital in head
3.77
3.80
4.21
4.60
Maxillary denticulation
none
7 on left
2 on right
Dorsal
X-1, Ui
X-1, 14i
X-1, 14A
X-1, 14^
Anal
IV, m
IV, 12^
IV, 121
IV, m
Scales
4-37 +-7
4^38 +-7
4-37 +-7
3^38 +-7
Length in inches
Si
5h
5H
fill
Some specimens have denticulations on the lower part of posterior maxillary,
others do not, the Type has none; the anal is uniformly IV, 121; scales above
94 THE SHORE FISHES.
lateral line variable in the larger examples there being 82 including the one in
lateral line, in the smaller 4. The interorbital width in head varies inversely
as the size of the fish.
Holocentrus suborbitalis Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 86. Snodgrass & Heller, Proe. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 360.
Plate 2, fig. 2.
Seven specimens, Nos. 3344-48 and 3362-3, Sf to 7 inches long from Aca-
pulco. No. 3344, M. C. Z. 29666, No. 3345, M. C. Z. 29667, No. 3346, M. C. Z.
29692, No. 3347, M. C. Z. 29619, No. 3348, M. C. Z. 29689.
Three specimens, Nos. 3144-5, 72 and 6| inches long and one untagged 63
inches long, among coral, all from Toboguilla Island, Bay of Panama.
Four specimens In to 6 inches long from Perico Island, Bay of Panama.
M. C. Z. 29427 (3 specimens), 29554 (1 specimen).
Ten specimens, 2 to M inches long from Station 4619, Lat. 7°, 15' N.; Long.
82°, 8' W.
One specimen 55 inches long from Station 4615, Lat. 9°, 7' N.; Long. 85°,
11' W.
One specimen. No. 3348, 7 inches long measures 147 mm. from tip of snout
to base of caudal; head 3.2 in length without caudal; depth 2.5 in length without
caudal; eye 2.8 in head; snout 4.0 in head; maxillary 2.25 in head; interorbital
4.5 in head; preopercular spine, measured on its upper edge, 3.75 in head; pectoral
1.29 in head; ventral 1.32 in head; 3rd anal spine 1.36 in head; dorsal XI-14;
anal IV, 9; scales 4-38-8.
One specimen, No. 3227, 7 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island,
differs slightly from the above example. It is a little deeper; the eye is slightly
smaller ; interorbital a little narrower ; preopercular spine a little longer and 3rd
anal spine somewhat .shorter. Its length to base of caudal is 150 mm. and it has
the following measurements: — Head 3.33 in length without caudal; depth
2.38 in length without caudal; eye 2.9 in head; snout 4.28 in head; maxillary
5.00 in head; interorbital 5.62 in head; preopercular spine, measured on its
upper edge, 3.46 in head; pectoral 1.32 in head which equals the ventral; 2nd
anal spine 1.55 in head; dorsal XI-14; anal IV, 9; scales 4-38-8.
Holocentrus punctatissimus Cuvier & Valenciennes.
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 1G2, fig. 60.
Holocentrum punctatissimum Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1829, 3, p. 160 (215).
One specimen 3j inches long from Easter Island.
HOLOCENTRIDAE. 95
Holocentrus diadema LAcfipfeoE.
Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1802, 4, p. 335, 372, 374, pi. 32, fig. 3; Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906,
26. p. 225.
Two specimens, Nos. 3309-10, 5 and 5 u inches long from Rikitea, Manga
Reva.
In smaller specimens the spinous dorsal membranes and the axil of the
pectoral are very dark brown; in larger specimens the membrane of the dorsal
is lighter.
Five specimens, 4^ to 5| inches long from Manga Reva, coral reef. M. C. Z.
29696 (2 specimens).
The fins of two of the smaller specimens and of the largest are typically
colored, varying a little in intensity. In the other specimen the spinous dorsal
is merely mottled and streaked with brown; the white marks on the anterior
dorsal membranes are distinct, no black below white on first three membranes;
the axil of the pectoral in the smallest specimens with a slightly brownish tinge
formed of fine punctulations; the next in size has the axil about same on one
side, darker on other; the third has the axil quite dark brown, and in the largest
it is a very dark brown, almost black.
Holocentrus sammara (Forskal).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 155, fig. 56.
Sciaena sammara Forskal, Deserip. Anim., 1775, p. 48.
Four specimens Nos. 3296-99, 65 to 7| inches long, and three specimens
4| to 7| inches long from coral reef, all from Manga Reva. M. C. Z. 29703
(2 specimens).
Holocentrus opercularis (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 227.
Holocenlnmi operculare Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. PoLss., 1831, 7, p. 377 (.501).
Two specimens, No. 3294-3295, M. C. Z. 29669, 10 and 9i inches long from
Rikitea, Manga Reva.
The body colors are more hke those represented in Bleeker's Atlas, 9, tab.
360, Trachichth., 6, fig. 5, of H. sammara, than of his figure of H. operculare,
tab. 358, Trachichth, 4, fig. 3, and of Gunther's figure of H. operculare in Fische
der Siidsee, taf. 66, fig. A. Our specimens agree very well with the color de-
scription given by Jordan and Seale {loc. cit.).
96 THE SHORE FISHES.
SCOMBRIDAE.
Scomberomorus sierra Jordan & Starks.
Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 428. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad., 1904, 4, p. 68.
Two specimens 4| and drs inches long from Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29451
(1 specimen).
The larger specimen had the head 3.69 in length without caudal; depth
4.11; eye 4.14 in head; snout 2.90; maxillary 1.81; mandible 1.61; pectoral
2.23; soft dorsal 2.41; anal 2.41; dorsal XVII-I, 16-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1; anal
II-16-l-l-l-l-l-l-l-l. The other specimen had the head 3.91 in length
without caudal; depth 4.94; eye 4.57 in head; snout 3.27; maxillary 1.77;
mandible 1.65; pectoral 2.40; soft dorsal 2.18; anal 2.18; dorsal XVIII-I,
17-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1; anal II-18-l-l-l-l-l-l-l.
Soft dorsal, in larger specimen, is separated by a slight space; in smaller
specimen there seems to be no separation. The insertion of the dorsal in both
is somewhat in advance of the origin of the anal.
Color in spirits; — brownish on back with bluish reflections; bright silvery
on sides ; a small dusky area on lower posterior margin of orbit ; spinous dorsal
with the membrane between the 1st and 4th entirely black, this color extending
on to membrane between 4th and 5th, from about middle of 4th to near tip of
5th thence continued as a narrow black margin along rest of fin; caudal yellow-
ish with dusky punctulations, these thickest on lobes and terminal margins;
other fins yellowish with dusky punctulations; no spots anywhere.
CARANGIDAE.
Naucrates ductor (Linn£).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 900.
GaslerosteTjLs ductor LiNNi, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 295.
One specimen M. C. Z. 29612, | inch long from surface at Station 4706,
Lat. 14°, 18.7' S.; Long. 98°, 45.8' W.
Dorsal IV-I, 29; anal II-I, 16.
Another specimen l| inches long from Station 4704, Lat. 16°, 55.3' S.;
Long. 100°, 24.6' W. D. IV-1, 29; A. II-I, 17.
One specimen 2\ inches long from Station 4703, Lat. 17°, 18.6' S.; Long.
100°, 52.3' W.
These specimens are only provisionally identified with this species, as they
are too small for certain identification.
(AHAXCIDAE. 97
Platystethus cultratus (Hloch & Schneidek).
GiJNTHER, Cat., 1860, 2, p. 391.
Sciaena cidlrata Forster, MS.
Cichla cullnila Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., ISOl, p. .343.
Plate 2, fig. 3.
No. 3198, a specimen 9j inches long from Cook Bay, Easter Island. Dorsal
VIII-I, 27; anal II-I, 32; head 4 in length; depth 3.12; eye 3.50 in head;
snout 3.25; maxillary 2.77; pectoral 1.38; ventral 2.77; longest dorsal spine
(fifth) 4.34; scales 6-53 (57)-ll, counted from origin of soft dorsal downward
and forward to lateral line there are 8, counted from origin of spinous dorsal
downward and backward to lateral line there are 6, below the lateral line, counted
downward and forward to anal there are 11; if all the scales are counted in the
lateral line there are 57.
Color dark slaty and brownish above, lighter on the sides, silvery below;
longitudinal dusky streaks following the rows of scales, those in axis of body
continuing to base of caudal, successively shorter to the one on a line from about
the base of pectoral, which one terminates under about the 6th dorsal ray; each
row of scales on the sides of abdomen is streaked with white.
In our specimen the maxillary reaches the anterior margin of eye.
Decapterus sanctae-helenae (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 908.
Caranx sanctae-helenae Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1833, 9, p. 28 (37).
One example. No. 3184, 12j inches long from Easter Island.
Head 3.8 in length; depth about 5; eye 3.27 in head; snout 3.13; pectoral
1.38; dorsal VII-I, 30; anal II-l, 26-1; scutes 34.
Provisionally identified with this species although it differs somewhat from
current descriptions.
Hemicaranx atrimanus (Jordan & Gilbert).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1. p. 913.
Caranx atrimanus Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comra., 1882, 1, p. 308.
Three specimens 71-71 inches long from Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29654
(1 specimen).
These specimens give the following measurements ; —
98
THE SHORE FISHES.
Total length in inches
7f
7f
71
Length without caudal
150 mm.
148 mm.
141 mm.
Head in length without caudal
3 57
3.79
3.52
Depth without caudal
2.28
2.20
2.16
Eye in head
3.81
3.90
4.21
Snout in head
3.81
3.71
3.80
Maxillary in head
3.23
3.12
3.07
Mandible in head
2,47
2.78
2.50
Pectoral in head
2.58
2.59
2.66
Length of arch in straight part of lateral line
2.08
2.14
2.
Height of arch in its length
2.99
2.91
3.08
Height of soft dorsal in head
1.68
1.56
1.80
Height of anal
1.71
1 77
2
Dorsal
Vni-I, 27
VIII-I, 28
VIII-I, 27(28)
Anal
II-I, 24
II-I, 24
II-I, 24
Scutes in lateral line
58
58
58
6 or 7 cross-bars;
Same colors as
dusky area on base
first.
of pectoral large.
Hemicaranx zelotes Gilbert.
Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2845. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Gal. Acad. Soi., 1904, 4,
p. 76, pi. 12, fig. 22.
One specimen 7| inches long from Panama Bay.
This specimen had the head 3.84 in length without caudal; depth 2.72;
eye 3.25 in head; snout 3.90; maxillary 3.25; mandible 2.78; pectoral 3.40 in
length; length of chord of arch 2.59 in straight part of lateral line; height of
arch 2.90 in length of chord; height of soft dorsal 1.95 in head; height of anal
2.00; dorsal VIII-I, 28; anal II-I, 24; scutes in lateral line 53. No cross-bars ;
base of pectoral dusky.
Hemicaranx leucurus (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 914.
Caranx leucurus GtJNTHER, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 24.
One specimen 2ts inches long from Panama Bay.
This specimen had the following measurements — head 3.03 in length
depth 2.20; eye 3.62 in head; snout 3.62; maxillary 2.63; mandible 2.23
pectoral broad and rounded, 4.40 in length; height of first soft dorsal ray 1.81
height first anal ray 2.07 in head; length of chord of arch of lateral hne 2, in
straight portion; height of chord 2.62 in arch; dorsal VIII-I, 28; anal II-I, 24;
scutes 52. Preopercles strongly serrated, front of vertical fins rounded, first
rays not highest; opercle dusky; pectoral yellowish, without blotch; dorsal
anal, and caudal without dusky margins; five cross-bars, quite distinct.
CARANGIDAE. 99
Caranx hippos (Linn^).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 432. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904,
4, p. 77.
Scomber hippos Uss&, Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 1766, 12, p. 494.
Two specimens 3^ and 6 inches long from Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29702,
(1 specimen).
Caranx caballus (Gunther).
Trans. Zool. Soo. London, 1869, p. 431. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. .A.cad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 78.
One individual, No. 3125, 111 inches long from Panama.
Caranx marg-inatus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1866, p. 166 Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 78.
Two specimens, No. 3352 and 3353, M. C. Z. 29865, lOj and 11 inches long
from Acapulco.
One specimen. No. 3126, 11 inches long from Panama.
One specimen, M. C. Z. 29403, 4| inches long from Perico Island, Panama
Bay, two fathoms.
Three specimens M. C. Z. 29589, each about 5 inches long from Station
4619, Lat. 7°, 15' N.; Long. 82°, 8' W.
Dorsal VIII-I, 19 in two of them, and anal is 16 and 15; in the third the
dorsal is VIII-I, 20; anal 17; each one has 30 scutes; depth is about 1.88 in
length; head about 2.83; ej'e about 2.40 in head.
General color silvery, somewhat punctulate with dusky, especially on top
of head and back, and caudal peduncle; six rather broad dusky cross-bars on
body, growing fainter below, the first under front of spinous dorsal, 6th across
caudal peduncle; anterior portion of spinous dorsal black, rest of spinous dorsal
translucent with dusky rays, all the other fins are colorless in one example and
yellowish in others.
Caranx guara (Bonnaterre).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 926.
Scomber guara Bonn., Encycl., 1788, p. 139, pi. 58.
One specimen. No. 3197, M. C. Z. 29717, 15^ inches long from Easter
Island.
One specimen. No. 3172, about 21* inches long probably from Easter Island.
These specimens are provisionally identified as this species although the
head is considerably longer than that given in the description by Jordan and
Evermann (Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 926).
100 THE SHORE FISHES.
No. 3197 has, head 2.89 in length; depth 2.76; eye 6.05 in head; snout
2.42; preorbital 6.81; width maxillary 1.63 in eye, not reaching eye; pectoral
2.86 in length; dorsal VIII-I, 25; anal II-I, 21 ; scutes twenty-four on each side;
breast, cheeks, opercles, and top of head scaly; teeth in upper jaw, short, blunt,
and in two irregular series, outer teeth slightly larger, one series on lower jaw;
fine teeth on vomer and palatines.
No. 3172 has head 2.60 in length; depth 2.83; eye 6.44 in head; snout
2.40; preorbital 6.44; pectoral 1.14 in length; width maxillary 1.79 in eye;
dorsal VIII-I, 25; anal II-I, 21; fins in both specimens with a narrow scaly
sheath and scales similar; teeth in upper jaws like those of No. 3197, but in a
single series in each jaw; no teeth on vomer, a series of very fine teeth on pala-
tines.
Vomer setapinnis (Mitchill).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 9,3-1, 1900, pt. 4, pi. 144, fig. 392.
Zeus setapinnis Mitchill, Trans. Lit. & Philos. Soc. N. Y., 1815, 1, p. 3.S4, pi. 1, fig. 9.
Three specimens 65-62 inches long from Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29710
(1 specimen).
Chloroscombrus orqueta .Jordan & Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1883, 5, p. 646. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1,
p. 938.
Two specimens 51 and 6| inches long from Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29715
(1 specimen).
Trachinotus rhodopus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, 1863, p. 8.5. Gilbert & Stark.s, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 82.
One specimen. No. 3119, 11 inches long from Panama.
The prolonged vertical fins reach much beyond middle of caudal.
Three specimens 1? and In inches long from Perico Island, dredged near
shore in two fathoms. M. C. Z. 29545 (2 .specimens).
One specimen 1? inches long from Station 4596, Lat. 16°, 47' N.; Long.
100°, 27' W.
NOMEIDAE.
Nomeus gronovii (Gmelin).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 949.
Gobius gronovii Gmelin, Syst. Nat., ed. 13, 1789, 1, pt. 3, p. 1205.
Two specimens, I to is inches long from surface at Station 4542, Lat. 14°,
50' N.; Long. 101°, 31' W. M. C. Z. 29613 (1 specimen).
CHEILODIPTERIDAE.
101
CORYPHAENIDAE.
Coryphaena hippurus Linne.
Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 261. Jordan & Everm.\nn, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mas., 1895, pt. 1, p. 952.
One specimen I inch long from Station 4615, Lat. 9°, 7' N.; Long. 85°, 11' W.
? Coryphaena equisetis Linne.
Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 261. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 953.
One specimen, M. C. Z. 29595, u inch long from surface at Station 4727,
Lat. 13°, 03' S.; Long. 112°, 44.9' W.
One specimen Is inches long from surface at Station 4716, Lat. 2°, 18.5' S.;
Long. 90°, 2.6' W.
Four specimens l-l inches long from surface at Station 4729, Lat. 14°, 15' S.;
Long. 115°, 13' W.
One specimen, M. C. Z. 29601, IrS inches long from surface at Station 4619,
Lat. 7°, 15' N.; Long. 82°, 8' W.
CENTROPOMIDAE.
Centropomus robalito Jordan & Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 4, 462. Gilbert & Stakks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 94, pi. 13,
fig. 25.
One specimen 9? inches long from Panama City Fish Market.
CHEILODIPTERIDAE.
Amia exostigma Jordan & Starks.
Jordan & Starks, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 238, fig. 3.
Three specimens 3^-41 inches long from Manga Reva, coral. M. C. Z.
29432 (1 specimen).
Proportional measurements.
Type
Total length in inches
4|
41
3tV
2f
Length without caudal
102 mm.
97 mm.
67 mm.
57 mm.
Head in length without caudal
2.78
2.77
2.68
2.85
Depth
3.18
3.03
3.19
3.80
Eye in head
3.36
3.18
3 12
2.85
Snout in head
3.21
3.50
3 57
3.33
Maxillary in head
2.31
2.18
2.
2.22
Interorbitals in head
5.28
5.83
5.25
5.71
Dorsal
VII-I, 10
VII-L 10
VII-I, 10
VII-I, 10
Anal
11,9
11,9
11,9
11,9
Scales
3-25-5
3-25-5
3-25-5
3-25-5
102 THE SHORE FISHES.
In the largest specimen, the orbital rims have, except in front, strong
denticulations, those below the ej-e the largest, some of which are bifid and
trifid, and one on each side broad cusp-like with four or five points ; lateral stripe
from tip of snout through eye and across opercle broad and distinct, on the
body very faint; above this another scarcely distinguishable stripe coalescing
with the lower posteriorly at end of downward curve of lateral line; caudal
spot small.
In the 4| inch specimen the orbital rim is not strongly toothed, very few
above and the stronger ones below are nearly all single. Coloration as in the
larger specimen.
In the smallest specimen the coloration differs in having the median lateral
stripe more distinct; the one above is not evident and the caudal spot is larger;
no teeth about eye, except on lower margin, these all strong, sharp, and single.
These specimens have a different physiognomy from A. frennfa and A.
snyderi; mouth nearly horizontal and body somewhat more elongate.
In the Type the lateral stripe is very much more distinct; large, sharp,
single serrations on lower orbital rim. It differs from A. frenata and A. snyderi
in being more slender, with a somewhat different physiognomy, more nearly
horizontal mouth, and also in color.
Amia savayensis (Gunther).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 2.39, fig. 33.
Apogon savayensis Gunther, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1S71, p. 656.
Twenty-seven specimens 3| to 4| inches long from Manga Reva, among
coral. M. C. Z. 29552 (10 specimens).
The following color note was found among these specimens: — "Pearly
iridescence throughout, dark shades on edges of caudal and dorsal; maxillary
yellowish from streak."
Amia erythrina (Snyder).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 24.5.
Apogon erythrinus Snyder, Bull. U. S. Fish Coram., 1904, 22, p. 526, pi. 9, fig. 17.
One specimen lis inches long from coral reef at Manga Reva.
Head 2.64 in length without caudal ; depth 2.64; eye 2.94 in head; snout
3.84; interorbital 3.57; maxillary 2; length of caudal peduncle 1.56; depth of
caudal peduncle 2.50; second dorsal spine 1.56; dorsal VI-I, 9^; anal II, 8j (9);
scales 22-26-6; scales in front of dorsal 5.
CHEILODIPTERIDAE. 103
Color in spirits: — general color dark straw, with dusky punctulations on
edge of scales, back, and sides; these most numerous on nape and opercle and
along base of the dorsal; pectoral pale; soft dorsal, caudal, and anal punctulate
with black with broad blackish margins; ventral pale, with dusky terminal
margins.
Amia doryssa Jordan & Seale.
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 245, fig. 39.
One specimen l| inch long from Manga Reva, coral.
This specimen has, head 2.61 in length; depth 2.83; eye 2.60 in head;
snout 4.72; interorbital 4.87; maxillary 1.71; 2nd dorsal spine 1.25; dorsal
VI-I, 10; anal II, 9; scales 2-25-6.
Amia dovii (Gunther).
Apogon dovii Gunther, Proe. Zool. Soc. London, 1861, p. 371. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad.
Sci., 1904, 4, p. 88.
Four specimens if to 2^ inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
M. C. Z. 29423 (2 specimens).
Amia atradorsata (Heller & Snodgrass).
Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 367.
Apogon atradorsatus Heller & Snodgrass, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, 192, pi. 3.
One hundred and twenty specimens 2? to 3n inches long from Chatham
Island, shore. M. C. Z. 29417 (20 specimens).
We have identified these specimens as A. atradorsata because of the pres-
ence of the black tip on soft dorsal; this character varies (in our specimens)
from very slightly dusky to jet black, and seems a slight, though the only appar-
ent, difference between it and A. atricauda.
Two of the larger specimens had eggs and young Amias in their mouths,
one of them had "eyed" eggs and the other young fish.
Amia retrosella Gill.
Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, 1862, p. 251.
Apogon retrosella Joudan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 1108.
Many specimens, if to 3s from Acapuico, February 25, 1905.
Seventeen specimens, ill to 3| from Acapuico, February 28, 1905. M. C. Z.
29455 (10 specimens).
104
THE SHORE FISHES.
Fowleria isostigma (Jordan & Seale).
Apogonichthys isostigma Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 2.51, fig. 45.
Four specimens 3 to 4| inches long from Manga Reva, coral. M. C. Z.
29542 (2 specimens).
These specimens are identifiable with the Types of Apogonichthys isostigma,
in the U. S. National Museum, but they differ somewhat from the description
of Jordan and Seale. They state that "This .species is nearest Apogonichthys
polystigma Bleeker, but that it does not seem to agree with Bleeker's account."
The chief discrepancies, which are doubtless due to the personal equation of
the observers, in these two descriptions are, in Bleeker's description, the larger
eye, more numerous scales and the two jaws are equal; his figure shows a little
longer lower jaw, the dusky line from back of eye extending more obliquely
downward and backward and the body spots not so well defined. In the Types
as well as in our specimens, the eye (orbit) is hot so small as indicated by Jordan
and Seale, or so large as stated by Bleeker, and the scales, according to our
method of counting, in both our specimens and the Type agree with Bleeker's
count. When the mouth is partly open, the jaws appear equal, although v/hen
closed, the lower is included, which tends to make F. isostigma still nearer to
A. polystigma. But in his Atlas Bleeker includes A. polystigma in the genus
Amia, which he states has palatine teeth; F. isostigma has no palatine teeth.
We give the following comparative measurements of our four specimens,
of the Type?, and two cotypes of F. (Apogonichthys) isostigma, together with
measurements taken from Bleeker's figure of F. (Apogonichthys) polystigma.
Specimens from Manga Reva.
Total length in inches
4A
oil
3
3
Length without caudal
89 mm.
78 mm.
63 mm.
63 mm.
Head in length without caudal
2.87
2.69
2.73
2.62
Depth in length without caudal
2.96
3.12
3.15
3.15
Orbit in head
3.66
3.62
3.28
3.42
Snout in head
4.40
4.14
3.83
4.8
Interorbital in head
6.
7.25
6.54
6.85
Maxillary
1 73
1.93
1.77
1.92
Dorsal
VII-I, 10
VII-I, 9
VI-I, 9
VII-I, 9
Anal
II, 9 (8)
11,8
11,9
II, 9 (8)
Scales
3-25 + 1-6
3-25 + 1-6
3-25 + 1-6
3-25+1-6
KUHLIIDAE.
105
Fowleria (Apogonichthys) isosHgma}
Apogonichthys
polystigma.
Bleeker's figure
Cotype ?
Cotype ?
Type?
Total length in inches
3|
2A
n
Length without caudal
70 mm.
53 mm.
53 mm.
61 mm.
Head in length without caudal
2.69
2.65
2.52
2.44
Depth without caudal
3.04
3.11
2.94
2.90
Orbit in head
3.71
3.33
3.50
3.57
Snout in head
4.33
4.
4.20
5.
Interorbital in head
6.50
6.66
7
Maxillary
1.85
1.81
1.91
2.08
Dorsal
VI-I, 9
?-9
?-9
Anal
11,9
?-9
?-9
Scales
3-25 + 1-6
3-25 + 1-6
3-25 + 1-6
In the Manga Reva specimens all have the soft dorsal, caudal, and anal
with a pale yellowish margin; it is also evident in some of the Type specimens,
although it is not mentioned in the description or figure. Bleeker does not
mention such a character in A. polystigma.
On two of our Manga Reva specimens the lateral line for its entire extent
has fully developed tubes to the base of caudal; in the other two specimens,
they are rudimentary posteriorly, as in the Types and as described by Bleeker
for A. 'polystigma.
Paramia lineatus (L.^cep&de).
Cheilodiptenis lineatus Lac, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1802, 3, p. 542.
Paramia macrodon Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1905, 25, p. 252.
One specimen 65 inches long from Manga Reva.
KUHLIIDAE.
Kuhlia nutabunda, sp. nov.
Plate 3, fig. L
Type No. 65551, U. S. Nat. Mus., 51 inches long, and 90 cotypes Is to 4
inches long, all from Easter Island. M. C. Z. 29572 (37 specimens).
The type has the following measurements: —
Head 3.21 in length without caudal; depth 2.70; eye 2.64 in head; snout
3.70; maxillary 2.31; mandible 1.94; interorbital 3.45; dorsal IX-I, 11; fourth
^ Jordan and Seale state that the Type is No. 51736 U. S. National Museum and that it is 2.67
inches long. The bottle bearing this number and labelled Type of Apogonichthys isostigma in V. S.
National Museum contained three specimens with a loose number tag. None of these specimens
agree with the stated length, but the one that is nearest is marked type in the above table.
106 THE SHORE FISHES.
spine longest, 2.05 in head; longest soft ray 2.31; base of soft dorsal 1.85;
anal III, 11, second anal spine equal in length to the third, 3.70 in head;
longest anal ray 2.64, anal base 1.68; pectoral 1.54; scales 8(9)-52-12. In
the transverse series from lateral line downward and backward to anal there
are fourteen scales; downward and forward fourteen. The ascending limb
of preopercle is finely serrated for some distance above the angle.
Color in spirits : — top of head and back very dusky, quite intense on
tip of snout and lower lip; below lateral line soiled silvery gray; dorsal dusky,
most intense on outer margin; tip of anterior rays pale; anal similar; pectoral
and ventral yellowish, punctulate with black; caudal very dusky, with black
terminal margins.
A cotype 4 inches long has the following measurements: —
Head 3.11 in length without caudal; depth 3.11; eye 2.88 in head; snout
3.71; maxillary 2.36; mandible 1.92; interorbital 3.47; dorsal IX-I, 1 1 ; fourth
dorsal spine longest, 1.92 in head; base of soft dorsal 1.85; longest ray 2.09;
anal III, 11; second anal spine equals third, 3.05; base of anal 1.52, longest ray
2.60; pectoral 1.52; scales 8-52-12. K. nutabunda differs most conspicuously
from K. sandvicensis and K. marginata in that it has a much larger eye, and K.
marginata has fewer scales in transverse and longitudinal series. In general
it is somewhat more slender than K. sandvicensis from the Paumotus, in this
respect being more like Hawaiian specimens; the head is not so long as in K.
proxijna.
This species in general appearance closely resembles specimens of Kuhlia
sandvicensis from Hawaii and also specimens which we have identified as K.
sandvicensis. They are closely related to Kuhlia proxima Kendall and Golds-
borough (Bull. M. C. Z., 1911, 26, p. 282) from Fiji, and to K. marginatus.
In two of the specimens of the present species the eye varies considerably
and affords no distinctive character, but it appears larger than in K. sand-
vicensis.
Kuhlia sandvicensis (Steindachner).
Moronopsis argenteus var. sandmcensis Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wein, 1876, 74, p. 206 (Beitrage
5, p. 158).
Moronopsis sandmcensis Steind.ichnee, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wein, 1887, 96, p. 56 (Beitrage, 14, p. 1),
t!lf. 1, fig. 1.
Five specimens 2^-2? inches long from Manga Reva, February 3, 1905,
M. C. Z. 29440 (2 specimens).
SERRANIDAE. 107
SERRANIDAE.
Acanthistius cinctus (Gunther).
BouLENGER, Cat. 1895, 1, p. 142, pi. 1.
Plectropoma cinclum, Gunther, Cat. 1859, 1, p. 162, pi. 13, fig. A.
One specimen 5x1 inches long from Easter Island, shore.
Trachypoma macracanthum Gunther.
Cat. 1859, 1, p. 167. Boulenger, Cat. 1895, 1, p. 146, pi. 2.
Two specimens, No. 3173, M. C. Z. 2965, 7| inches long and No. 3174, 8?
inches long from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
No. 3173 has head 2.31 in length without caudal; depth 2.55; eye 3.6
in head; snout 4.8; 5th dorsal spine longest, 2.32 in head; 2nd anal spine longest,
strong, and stout, 2.25 in head; dorsal XII, 14; anal III, 6.
Many of the scales are ciliated but only a few are ciliated in No. 3174, the
latter specimen agrees in other particulars with No. 3173.
No. 3173, was in life, brilliant orange, splotched with lighter shades; dark
spots in centre of margin of soft dorsal; small white spots over body; branchio-
stegal membranes with brassy shades, the extended central margin of caudal
brown, rest of margin darker.
Petrometopon panamensis (Stbindachner).
Jordan & Evebmann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 1141.
Serraniis paimmensis Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1875, 72, p. 551 (Beitrage, 4, p. 1),
taf. 1, fig. 1.
Three specimens from Panama, No. 3127, 9g, 3146, M. C. Z. 29681, 9|,
3147, M. C. Z. 29659, 7j inches long.
Three specimens from Acapulco, No. 3332, IO5, 3333, 9|, 3339, M. C. Z.
29633, IO3 inches long.
Three specimens 4| to 6| inches long from Toboguilla Island, from coral
in two fathoms of water. M. C. Z. 29574 (1 specimen).
Epinephelus analogus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 163. Gilbert & Stabks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 96.
Two specimens, Nos. 3114 and 3143, M. C. Z. 29649, 12^ and 91 inches long
from Panama.
The round dark spots are not confined to the cross-bands, as described by
Gilbert and Starks, there being a single cross-series on each interspace. Our
specimens show distinctly only four cross-bands.
108 THE SHORE FISHES.
Epinephelus labriformis (Jenyns).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 443. S.vodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci.,
1905, 6, p. 367.
Serranus labrifonnis Jenyns, Zool. Voy. Beagle. Fi.sh, 1842, pt. 4, p. 8, pi. 3.
One specimen, No. 3128, 7| inches long from Panama.
One specimen 4? inches long from Toboguilla Island among coral in two
fathoms of water.
Two specimens 3| and 4s inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
Two specimens, Nos. 3385-86, 6| and 7g inches long. No. 3386, M. C. Z.
29631 and two specimens 3x6 and 44 inches long from Acapulco.
One specimen Ite inches long from shore at Chatham Island. This speci-
men has a strong spine at lower angle of preopercle.
Specimen No. 3386 has, head 2.46 in length without caudal; depth 3.08;
eye 4.61 in head; snout 4.61; interorbital 8; maxillary 2.22; mandible 1.87; D.
XI, 162 ; A. Ill, 9; scales 10-95-40.
No. 3385 has, head 2.55 in length; depth 3.02; eye 4.72 in head; snout
4.72; interorbital 7.42; maxillary 2.16; mandible 1.79; D. XI, 17?; A. Ill,
82; scales 10-106-42.
No. 3128 has, head 2.46 in length; depth 3.01; eye 4.64 in head; snout
4.64; interorbital 7.22; maxillary 2.16; mandible 1.80; D. XI, 17; A. Ill,
85; scales 10-100-40.
No. 3386 has two canines in right side of upper jaw and one on leftside;
lower jaw has none on right side of symphysis and one on the left; on the sides
of the upper jaw the teeth are in bands, graduating back to not less than four
rows; and on the lower jaw to two rows, these larger than those on upper jaw.
No. 3385 has two canines on right side of upper jaw and none on left; lower
jaw has one canine on each side of symphysis; rows on the sides of upper jaw
same as in preceding; lower jaw has two rows on right side and one on left.
No. 3128 has one canine on each side in upper and lower and more than four
rows on each side of upper jaw and on lower jaw graduating back to two and then
to one row at posterior end of jaw.
No. 3385, has comparatively few unciliated scales on body above lateral
line, these are restricted to the region in front of line from in front of upper angle
of opercle to about the base of 7th dorsal spine. In No. 3386, these scales
occupy the region above the lateral line from a line in front of upper angle of
opercle toward base of 4th dorsal spine, and thence in a narrow stripe, gradually
decreasing in width to the middle of base of soft dorsal. In No. 3128, these
scales have practically the same extent as in No. 3386.
SERRANIDAE. 109
Color of No. 3128 in alcohol: — general color hrowii, darker above, becom-
ing lighter on belly; top of head and nape uniform brownish; fins, boily, and
underside of head mottleil with lighter spots, these varying in size from mere
points, to size of jnipil, traces of dusky spots, mingled with the light spots;
traces of five narrow dark bars extending on sides below dorsal, the first in front
of spinous dorsal, 2nd below 5th to 7th spines, 3rd below junction of dorsals,
4th below middle of soft dorsal and 5th below posterior end of soft dorsal; a
black saddle on dorsal surface of caudal peduncle; traces of four black spots
along upper edge of caudal with interspaces lighter than the rest of fins; spinous
and soft dorsal color of body, mottled with spots of same color as those on body
but more indistinct; margins yellowish with an inframarginal darker band;
caudal body color, with yellowjnargin, mottling very indistinct; anal similar
to soft dorsal; ventral rays body color, membrane lighter; upper and lower
margins tinged with lighter; inner surface of pectoral color of body, outer sur-
face lighter, with a tawny dusky yellowish margin shading into the darker body
color at the base; the fin is mottled similar to body. ^
We can not distinguish our specimens from Epinephelus hoevenii Bleeker as
described and figured in his Atlas or from E. daemelii as described and figured
by Boulenger in his Catalogue or from S. tumilabris as described and figured by
Day in his Fishes of India. aS. hoevenii, in the Fishes of Zanzibar by Playfair
and Giinther also seem to be the same, but their S. tumilabris is evidently differ-
ent, although they do not mention or figure the pale margins to the vertical fins
in their S. hoevenii. Boulenger includes S. hoevenii, and S. tumHabris in the
synonymy of E. caeruleopunctatus Bloch, but he regards E. labriformis and E.
daemelii as distinct species. Our specimens agree somewhat better in most
respects with E. daemelii. The S. caeruleopunctatus of both Bloch and Valen-
ciennes are sine patria and their descriptions are insufficient for identification.
Epinephelus merra Bloch.
Ausl. Fische, 1793, 7, p. 15, pi. 329. Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 26, p. 258.
One specimen. No. 3289, 65 inches long and two specimens 61 and 61 inches
long, all from Manga Reva. M. C. Z. 29713 (1 specimen).
Epinephelus socialis (Gunther).
Boulenger, Cat., 1895, 1, p. 243.
Serranus socialis Gunther, Fische der Sudsee, 1873, 1, p. 7, taf. 8, fig. B.
One specimen. No. 3290, 7| inches long from Manga Reva.
Head 2.61 in length without caudal; depth 3.34; eye 5 in head; snout 5,
% , oIQi^-^jlI/^k
I
f-^^Xi i4. -J>-
i , Jl^;Cv^-vxXJ^^^C'^ ^ -^ ^'^^^ ■ ^ ^^-^^
no THE SHORE FISHES.
maxillary 2; mandible 1.71; interorbital 6.31; dorsal XI, ISs (16); anal III;
8^ (9) ; scales downward and backward from front of spinous dorsal to lateral
line 19, downward and backward from lateral line to front of anal 42, row above
lateral line 100.
Our specimen agrees very closely in color with Serranus socialis Giinther
{loc. cit., taf. 8, fig. B), except that the spots on the head and body, and the bars
formed by confluent spots are smaller, more numerous, and more or less present
from tip of pectoral back to caudal, the interspaces forming narrow pale rivula-
tions.
Dermatolepis punctatus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1861, p. 54. Snodgra.ss & Heller, Proc. Wa.sh. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 368.
Three examples from Acapulco, No. 3.319, 65 inches long; No. 3320, 8i
inches long and No. 3341, M. C. Z. 29638, 8i inches long.
Prionodes fasciatus Jenyn3.
Zool. Voy. Beagle, Fish., 1842, pt,. 4, p. 47, pi. 9, fit;. 1- Jord.^n & Evebman.m, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus.,
1896, pt. 1, p. 1212.
Seven specimens 2^-42 inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29435 (3
specimens) .
In the key to the genera of Serranidae Jordan and Evermann (loc. cit., p.
1129-1130) place Prionodes in a group said to have no depressible teeth; in the
generic description it is stated that "there are no depressible teeth in jaws."
In our specimens some of the posterior premaxillary teeth and some of the
lateral mandibular teeth are depressible. The prominence of the lower jaw
varies somewhat; the caudal is slightly emarginate or truncate, and the upper
rays somewhat produced, the prolongation varying somewhat in length.
Faranthias furcifer (Cuvier & V.\lenciennes).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1, p. 1222.
Serranus furcifer Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1828, 2, p. 196 (264).
Seven specimens, Nos. 3244-47, 3258, M. C. Z. 29675, No. 3259, No. 3260,
M. C. Z. 29699, 5| to 10| inches long from Panama.
One hundred and four specimens 3t% to 65 inches long from Toboguilla
Island, Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29553 (4 specimens). M. C. Z. 29636 (1 speci-
men).
Compared with a Clarion Island specimen, 2 or 3 inches longer than our
largest specimen, the lower jaw in ours is a little more prominent; maxillary is a
LOBOTIDAE. Ill
little longer, reaching a little beyond middle of eye; eye a little larger; pre-
opercular angle less salient, being nearly rounded. In the key to the genera of
Serranidae Jordan and Evermann {loc. cit., p. 1129-1130) place Paranthias in a
group said to have no depressible teeth, but they have depressible teeth.
Rhegma thaumasium Gilbert.
Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1900, pt. 4, p. 3169. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Gal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4,
p. 99, pi. 15, fig. 3.
Three specimens ll, In and 2Tg inches long from Toboguilla Island, Panama
Bay, collected among coral at depth of two fathoms. M. C. Z. 29409 (1 speci-
men) .
The larger specimen has head 2.75 in length; depth 3.66; eye 4 in head;
snout 5.33; maxillary 1.77; D. VII, 22; A. Ill, 18; scales above lateral line
in longitudinal series 50 + , from origin of spinous dorsal downward and backward
to lateral line 4?; from lateral line downward and backward to origin of anal 21.
In the largest and the smallest specimens, the anterior nasal tube and the
supraorbital flap are comparatively small, but in the intermediate specimen
these are considerably larger.
In the largest specimen the general color is brown; throat, maxillary,
cheek, lower opercle, and breast paler; a faint dusky blotch just behind lower
part of eye; a large well-defined dark brown spot on upper part of opercle;
body clouded with dark brown, with traces of longitudinal dusky lines along
each row of scales; pectorals and ventrals dark gray; dorsal, anal, and caudal
blue black, with narrow pale margins.
The other two specimens are essentially the same color as above, except that
the smallest specimen is somewhat lighter than the other two.
LOBOTIDAE.
Lobotes pacificus Gilbert.
Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2857. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4,
p. 100, pi. 14, fig. 28.
Two specimens if and it inches long from Station 4596, Lat. 16°, 47' N.;
Long. 100°, 27' W.
The larger specimen has a general color of dark gray, mottled with darker;
markings on head similar to those described by Gilbert; the stripe from eye
downward and backward to gill-opening extends to behind the base of ventrals;
3, dark bar across front part of breast; ventrals dusky with pale inner margin;
112 THE SHORE FISHES.
soft dorsal and anal with white margins and three jet black spots size of pupil
on the base of dorsal and two on base of anal; caudal with broad pale margin
which occupies the terminal half of fin. The other specimen differs in having
three spots at base of anal.
LUTIANIDAE.
Hoplopagrus guentherii Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 2.>3. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 101.
Two specimens 5? and Gg inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29698 (1
specimen) .
Lutianus argentiventris (Peters).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 4.55. Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci.,
1905, 6, p. 374.
Mesoprion argenliventris Peters, Monatsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, p. 704.
Three specimens, M. C. Z. 29561, No. 3340, 7| inches long; No. 3360, llg
inches long; No. 3361, M. C. Z. 29646, lOj inches long, and three specimens 6 to
l\ inches long, all from Acapulco. Two specimens, Ts and 71 inches long from
Toboguilla Island, Panama Bay, from among coral.
Lutianus guttatus (Steindachner).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 456. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904,
4, p. 103.
Mesoprion guUalus Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1869, 60, p. 18, taf. 8.
Four specimens, M. C. Z. 29553, 41 to 64 inches long from Perico Island,
Panama Bay, in two fathoms of water.
Thirteen specimens 3| to 4g inches long from Acapulco.
The black spot on the side in all our specimens is much larger than the eye.
The following color note was found among the Acapulco specimens: — "Lower
stripes and belly brassy; back stripes brown; ventrals and anal brown; dorsal
and caudal with a red margin; central spot black; snout pinkish."
The dorsal and caudal margins are now dusky.
Lutianus aratus (Guntheb).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 457.
Mesoprion aralus Gunther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 145.
One specimen 51 inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
Lutianus marginatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Day, Fishes of India, 1875, p. 44, pi. 13, fig. 4.
Uiaco-pe marginala Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1828, 2, p. 330 (425).
LITIANIDAE. 113
One specimen, No. 3311, 12? inches long from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
Head including flap 2. (18 in length; depth 2.52; eye 4.85 in head; snout
2.86; maxillary 2.48; pectoral not reaching front of anal, l.Ki in head; deep
opercular notch, with opercular knob moderate.
Rabirubia inermis (Peters).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 457, pi. 39.
Mesoprion inermis Peters, Monatsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, p. 705.
Twenty-seven specimens, 2x5 to 55 inches long from Acapulco, shore.
M. C. Z. 29444 (10 specimens).
These specimens show a dusky spot on upper base of pectoral; the upper
and lower caudal raj^ pale, the lower paler, almost white; other outer rays of
caudal with dusky area, wide at base, tapering to the tips of the lobes; a yellow-
ish band at base of caudal; these colors are most distinct in the smallest speci-
mens, gradually becoming less distinct in the largest specimens; on each of the
specimens there is an oblong faint bluish, iridescent, or pearly spot, in most
specimens extending from posterior angle of soft dorsal downward and forward
to lateral line, in others lying parallel with and close to the lateral line; some
specimens have a small spot of similar color on the top of caudal peduncle.
Xenocys jessiae Jordan & Bollman.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 12, p. 160. Snodgr.a..ss & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 375.
Five specimens. No. 3249-50, 3264-5, M. C. Z. 29639 and 3278, M. C. Z.
29711, 6i to 92 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
Xenichthys santi Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 82. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 103.
Four specimens 51 to 6g inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay, in
two fathoms of water. M. C. Z. 29421 (2 specimens).
This species is easily distinguished from X. agassizii by having a much
shorter pectoral, and in our specimens, by the presence of very distinct lateral
stripes, large black spot at base of caudal and in having the ventrals dusky only
at tip. Xenichthys agassizii has a broad black outer margin to the ventrals.
Xenichthys agassizii Steindachner.
Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1875, 72, p. 34. (Beitrage, 3, p. 6.) Snodgrass& Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad.
Sci., 1905, 6, p. 376.
Five specimens, Nos. 3266-70, 65 to 8 inches long, and one specimen (with-
out tin tag) 4| inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island. Nos. 3269-70,
M. C. Z. 29644, 29647 (2 specimens).
114 THE SHORE FISHES.
Caesio tile Cuvier & Valenciennes.
Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1830, 6, p. 322 (428). Gunther, Fische der Sudsee, 1S74, 2, p. 34.
Six specimens 5t5 to 5il inches long from Manga Reva, coral. M. C. Z.
29411 (3 specimens).
The following life color note was found with the specimens: — "Lower
parts bright red, fading to silvery; upper, greenish blue, becoming purple in
formalin."
Opercle and subopercle are scaly; in other respects our specimens agree
with Steindachner's description of C. muUiradiatus (Verh. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch.
Wien, 1861, 11, p. 175, fig. 1). Gunther, (loc. cit.) places C. muUiradiatus in
synonymy of C. tile, giving the range of soft dorsal rays as 17-21; while our
specimens do not show the same range (being 20-22), we assume that Gunther
had more material and therefore accept his identification.
HAEMULIDAE.
Haemulon sexfasciatum Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 254. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2,
p. 1294.
Eight specimens from Acapulco, one. No. 3366, 71 inches long and seven,
3i to 45 inches long.
A 45 inch specimen has the head 2.80 in length without caudal; depth 2.63;
eye 3.40 in head; snout 3.09; maxillary 2.61, reaches about half way between
margin and pupil of eye; dorsal XI-I, 17; anal III, IO5, 2nd anal spine reaches
somewhat beyond the tip of the third; scales 10-51-14, counted perpendicularly
from lateral line to origin of dorsal 7, counted obliquely 10, from origin of anal
vertically up to lateral line 12, obliquely upward and forward 14, the series
above lateral line counted longitudinally.
A 3| inch specimen has head 2.82 in length; depth 2.76; eye 2.87 in head;
snout 3.28; maxillary 2.77; dorsal XI-I, 16; anal III, IO5; scales 10-51-14,
counted as above.
Another specimen has dorsal XI-I, 17; anal III, 95; 2nd anal spine longer
than 3rd; maxillary reaches beyond front of eye.
A 4th specimen has dorsal XI-I, 17; anal III, IO5; maxillary reaches to
front of pupil.
A 5th has dorsal XI-I, I65; anal III, 95; maxillary reaches nearly to front
of pupil; 2nd anal spine longer than 3rd.
HAEMULIDAE. 115
A 6th has dorsal XI-I, 17; anal III, IO2; 2nd anal spine longer than 3rd;
maxillary reaches front of pupil.
A 7th has dorsal XI-I, I63; anal III, IO5; 2nd anal spine longer than 3rd;
maxillary reaches front of pupil.
Two specimens 2\ to 2| inches long from Acapulco. A black stripe extending
from tip of snout through eye and along axis of body, terminates in a large black
spot along caudal peduncle and base of caudal fin; below the base of caudal fin
the cross-bars extend a short distance; a second black stripe from its junction
with a similar stripe on the nostril in front of the eye, extends along the side of
back to middle of soft dorsal joining its fellow at end of fin and continuing as a
single stripe along top of caudal peduncle.
One specimen 2i inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29452 (3 specimens).
Haemulon scudderi Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 2,53. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 104.
One specimen. No. 3314, 9 inches long from Acapulco.
Three specimens 3| to 7 inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
M. C. Z. 29563 (2 specimens).
Haemulon steindachneri (Jordan & Gilbert).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1301.
Diabasis steindachneri Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1882, 1, p. 322.
Nine specimens from Acapulco, No. 3367, M. C. Z. 29662, 6i inches long;
No. 3315, 7? inches long and the remaining seven, M. C. Z. 29565, (untagged)
3j to 5i inches long. Four specimens 4^ to 5| inches long from Perico Island,
Panama Bay.
Lythrulon flaviguttatum (Gill).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 459.
Haemulon flaiigultatus Gill, Proc. .Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 254.
Five specimens (young) 2j to 2| inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z.
29434 (1 specimen).
One specimen 3| inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
Orthostoechus maculicauda Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 255. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 106.
Two specimens, Nos. 3364-5, 8? and 95 inches long, and seventeen specimens
2 to 6j inches long, all from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29406 (1 specimen), 29454
(1 specimen), No. 3364, M. C. Z. 29641 (1 specimen).
116 THE SHORE FISHES.
In the longest specimen dorsal XIII, 152; anal III, Qs; caudal blotch more
elongate than in our other specimens.
2nd specimen, dorsal XIII, I62; anal III, IO2.
3rd specimen, dorsal XIII, I62; anal III, 11.
4th specimen, dorsal XIII, I62; anal III, IO2.
5th specimen, dorsal XIII, 14?; anal III, IO2.
Anisotremus interruptus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1861, p. 266. S.nodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 377.
A .specimen. No. 3338, ISi inches long from Acapulco.
Head 3.04 in length without caudal; depth 2.32; eye 4.44 in head; pre-
orbital at narrowest place 5.28 in eye; scales from origin of dorsal downward
and backward to lateral line 8, counting one in the lateral line ; from lateral line
downward and backward to anal 13; in lateral line 52; dorsal X, I, 175 ; anal
III, 9; pectoral 3.09 in length, extending to a line from base of 7th dorsal ray.
Scales above lateral line forward are no larger than they are below.
Anisotremus caesius (,Jord.\n & Gilbert).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1316.
Pomadasys caesius Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 4, p. 383.
Two specimens, Nos. 3378-9, 71 and 7| inches long from Acapulco. Gilbert
and Starks (Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 107) state that the maxillary, in
their specimens, reaches the middle of eye, instead of not quite to front of eye.
In our specimens it just about reaches the front of eye.
Anisotremus surinamensis (Bloch).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1318.
Lutjanus surinamensis Block, .4us1. Fi.sche, 1791, 5, p. 3, Atlas, pi. 2.53.
A specimen. No. 3215, M. C. Z. 29671, 12? inches long from Wreck Bay,
Chatham Island.
Head 2.97 in length without caudal; depth 2.23; eye 4.66 in head; pre-
orbital at narrowest place 5.60; scales from origin of dorsal downward and
backward to lateral line 9, in a perpendicular series 7; from lateral line downward
and backward to anal 13; in lateral Hne 52; dorsal XII, I, 16; anal III, 9; pec-
toral 3.21 in length, reaches a line from base of 13th dorsal spine; scales a httle
larger anteriorly above lateral line, than they are below. The pectoral in this
species is not so long as in A. interruptus and the eye is smaller.
Another specimen No. 3216, 13| inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham
Island.
GERRIDAE. 117
Head 3.09 in length without caudal; depth 2.39; eye 4.84 in head; pre-
orbital at narrowest place 5.41 ; scales from origin of dorsal downward and back-
ward to lateral line 9 counting one in lateral line; in a perpendicular series 6i;
from lateral line downward and backward to anal 13; in lateral line 52; dorsal
XI, I, 16; anal III, 9; pectoral 3.27 in length reaches a line from base of 12th
dorsal spine.
Three young examples 2? to 3i inches long from Acapulco.
Orthopristis chalceus (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1338.
Pristipoma chalceum Gunther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 146.
One specimen, No. 3111, M. C. Z. 29625, 9| inches long from Perico Island.
One specimen, No. 3112, 9 inches long from Panama.
Gnathodentex aureolineatus (Lacepede).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 269.
Sparus aurolinealus Lac^p^de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1802, 4, p. 132.
Seven specimens, 4 to 65 inches long from Manga Reva.
Five specimens 61 to Sf inches long, Nos. 330O-4, M. C. Z. 29704, 29705,
from Manga Reva.
SPARIDAE.
Lethrinus rostratus Kuhl & Van Hasslet.
Cdv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1830, 6, p. 220 (296). Gunther, Cat., 18.59, 1, p. 454.
One specimen. No. 3312, 24 inches long, from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
It has the following measurements: — head 2.78 in length; depth 3.14;
eye 7.11 in head; snout 1.65; preorbital, measured from eye to corner of mouth
2.80; pectoral equals ventral and is 1.81 in head; dorsal X, 95 ; anal III, 85;
caudal deeply forked; scales 7-50-16.
The specimen shows no distinct black blotch above the pectoral fin; color
of the body is pale yellowish, with brown margins to the scales which vary in
width in different parts giving the specimen an irregularly barred or coarsely
mottled appearance; head plain brown; fins plain.
GERRIDAE.
Eucinostomus calif orniensis (Gill).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 469. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904,
4, p. 113.
LHapterus californiensis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 245.
A specimen, No. 3261, 7| inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
118 THE SHORE FISHES.
Pectoral reaches beyond vent.
Four specimens, M. C. Z. 29566, 3| to ik inches long from Perico Island.
Twelve specimens, l| to 4? inches long from Naos Island, Panama Bay, on
sandy beach in seine.
Fourteen specimens, 8 to 4? inches long, from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29425.
February 28, 1905.
Xystaema cinereum (Walbaum).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1372.
Mugil cinereus Walbaum, .4rtedi Piscium, 1792, p. 228.
A specimen. No. 3368, 13| inches long from Acapulco.
Gerres peruvianus Cuvier & Valenciennes.
Hist. Nat. PoLss., 1830, 6, p. 467. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 11.5.
A specimen. No. 3135, 9? inches long from Panama.
The second dorsal and second anal spines are broken. There is an indica-
tion of a black margin to the spinous dorsal ; dorsal X, 9.
KYPHOSIDAE.
Doydixodon freminvillei Valenciennes.
Voy. Venus, 1855, 5, p. 323, pi. 5. Starks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1906, 30, p. 792, pi. 66, fig. 1.
One specimen, No. 3207, ISf inches long, probably from Wreck Bay, Chat-
ham Island.
Head 3.29 in length without caudal; depth 2.26; eye 6.5 in head; inter-
orbital 2.16; dorsal XII, 195; anal III, 12. Valenciennes {loc. cit.) in his figure
shows only 12 anal rays, but in the description says there are 15. The scales 9,
counted downward and forward from front of soft dorsal to and including lateral
line, downward and backward 9, from lateral line down and back to front of
anal 16, down and forward 15, in longitudinal series 51; opercular membranes
and base of pectoral are black; a wavy vertical line of darker color than scale
across each scale. Spines of dorsal and anal heteracanthous.
Thirty-seven specimens of young is to lis inches long from Chatham Island
shore, January 9, 1905. M. C. Z. 29544 (12 specimens).
Kyphosus elegans (Peters).
Evermann & Jenkins, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, 14, p. 155. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S.
Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1387. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 116.
Pimeleplerus elegans Peters, Monatsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1869, p. 707.
Two specimens, Nos. 3350-51, 9? and II5 inches long from Acapulco. No.
3350, M. C. Z. 29640 (1 specimen).
IQTHOSIDAE.
119
Three specimens, Nos. 3148-49-50, 9j, Si and lOg inches long from Tobo-
guilla Island, Panama Bay. M. C. Z. 29617 (1 specimen).
The specimens from Acapulco differ somewhat from those from Toboguilla
Island, which are here provisionally identified with those from Acapulco. The
Acapulco specimens from geographical considerations should be most like typical
K. elegans, which came from Mazatlan, but they differ from the description
given by Jordan and Evermann (loc. cit.), in having 12 anal rays instead of 11,
larger eye, longer snout and maxillary, and somewhat longer pectoral ; and also
in having 13 dorsal rays instead of 12.
Gilbert and Starks {loc. cit.), in their remarks on specimens they have
identified as K. elegans, call attention to this difference in the fin rays. The
Acapulco specimens differ also from those from Toboguilla in having a somewhat
shorter head, smaller eye, slightly shorter maxillary, and a longer anal base.
In the Toboguilla specimens the snout is somewhat more vertical, the forehead
is a little more prominent and the throat somewhat concave in outline, which
in the Acapulco specimens is nearly in line with the ventral curve.
Proportional measurements of two specimens from Acapulco.
Total length in inches
9i
111
Head
3.70
3.66
Depth
1.97
2.02
Eye
3.57
3.64
Snout
3.12
2.81
Maxillary
3.12
2.95
Pectoral
1.42
1.44
Base of anal
1.19
1.21
Scales
10-66-16
9-68-16
Dorsal
XI, 13
XI, 13
Anal
III, 12
III, 12
Proportional measurements of three specimens from Toboguilla.
Total length in inches
9i
81
101
Head
3 55
3.43
3.38
Depth
2.08
2.03
2.03
Eye
3.40
3.40
3.53
Snout
2.83
3.
2.86
Maxillary
2.91
3.
2.86
Pectoral
1 41
1.46
1.50
Base of anal
1.24
1.24
1.39
Scales
9-68-16
9-68-16
9-68-16
Dorsal
XI, 13
X, 13
XI, 13
Anal
III, 12
111,2
III, 12
120 THE SHORE FISHES.
We also have another specimen 62 inches long from Tobogiiilla Island
October 28, 1904.
Kyphosus cinerascens (ForskAl).
Sciaena cinerascens ForskAl, Descript. Anim., 1775, p. 53.
Two specimens, Nos. 3182 and 3183, M. C. Z. 29643, 19? and 13 inches long
from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
No. 3183 has head 3.93 in length; depth 2.45; eye 4.54 in head; snout 2.70;
maxillary 2.94; pectoral 1.31; longest anal ray 1.75, in base of fin 1.14; base of
anal fin 1.38 in head; middle ray caudal fin 4; upper caudal lobe nearly equal to
head, 4.01 in length of body; dorsal XI, 12; anal III, 11; scales 9-76 + -16 (19).
The scales counted from anal upward and backward to lateral line are in sixteen
rows, counted upward and forward are in nineteen rows; in the above formula
they were counted vertically from lateral line to front of soft dorsal; most of
incisor teeth are rounded at ends with conspicuous roots; the spines of dorsal
and anal are heteracanthous. Scales on cheek in eleven rows.
No. 3182 has head 3.84 in length; depth 2.19; eye.4.06 in head; snout 2.96;
maxillary 3.25; pectoral 1.30; longest anal ray 1.73, in base of fin 1.16; base of
anal 1.38 in head; middle ray of caudal 3.09; upper caudal lobe 3.38; dorsal
XI, 12; anal III, 11; scales counted as above 10-78-17 (20); teeth and spines
as in No. 3183; scales on cheek in eleven rows. Of the two specimens the larger
resembles more closely the figure in Ruppell's Neue Wirbelthiere, but it has a
somewhat longer maxillary; the snout is longer than in the smaller specimen
and not so steep; it is slightly concave below the gibbosity, while in the smaller
it is evenly convex.
Girella nebulosa, sp. nov.
Plate 3, fig. 2, Plate 4, figs. 1, 2.
Type No. 65511, U. S. N. M. (Field no. 3179), a specimen 11.37 inches long
from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
Head 3.85 in length; depth 2.04; eye 3.81 in head; snout 2.34; interorbital
2.54; length of pectoral 0.93; ventral 1.05; thirteenth dorsal spine longest,
2.17; height of soft dorsal 1.84; length of ventral 1.08; dorsal XVI, 12; anal
III, 10; scales 16-85-25, 11 or 12 scales in transverse series counting down-
wards and backwards from origin of dorsal to lateral line and about 25 downward
and backward from lateral line to front of anal; the transverse row of scales
counted to base of caudal; scales of body finely ctenoid; about seven rows of
cycloid scales on cheek; a narrow band of about three rows of scales connecting
KYPHOSIDAE. 121
the scales on nape with tliose on cheeks; upper edge of opercle scaly, rest of
head naked; membranes of all the fins scaly nearly to their margins; caudal fin
emarginate; upper lobe slightly longer. Teeth broad, incisor-like, those on
sides somewhat narrower and indistinctly trilobate; in front of the main series
and close to them are supernumerary teeth, these not in a continuous series, but
lying in front of every second or third tooth of the main series and are consider-
ably shorter than those in main series.
M. C. Z. 29450 (2 specimens), 29547 (6 specimens).
Color in alcohol: — general color brownish gray, clouded with dark brown;
top of head dark brown, grayish below; a dark band across chin; fins dark
brown, pectoral and ventral faintly clouded with darker.
A cotype 4.25 inches long from Easter Island, shore, has head 3.66 in length
without caudal; depth 2.57; eye 3.42 in head; snout 2.82; interorbital 2.82;
dorsal XVI, 12; anal III, 10; scales 16-85-25.
General color brownish gray, head darker, coarsely clouded with dark
brown; mottlings tending to form cross-bars, those on middle of body more
distinct; pectoral gray with dusky rays, the other fins dark brown; the dorsals
show faint traces of spots ; dusky bar across chin ; another fainter across throat ;
some faint mottlings on breast.
Teeth of lower jaw in front, incisor-like, only faintly showing notches,
those on sides of lower jaw and all on upper distinctly trilobate; the teeth on
each jaw in a single series.
Another cotype. No. 3180, M. C. Z. 29658, 9.37 inches long from Cook Bay,
Easter Island, has head 4 in length; depth 2.30; eye 3.84 in head; snout 2.50;
interorbital 2.77; dorsal XV, 13; anal III, 10; scales 16-89-25.
General color same as in 4.25 inch specimen; mottled everywhere with
brown, but there are no traces of cross-bars.
Movable teeth in a single series, mostly trenchant, some, however, showing
traces of three lobes.
Twenty-six specimens .75 to 1.5 inches long from La Perouse Bay, Easter
Island, December 17, 1904, shore.
Of these three have dorsal XV, 12; one has dorsal XV, 13; 5 have dorsal
XVI, 11; 14 have dorsal XVI, 12 and 3 have dorsal XVI, 13; the anal is con-
stantly III, 10.
The 1.5 inch specimen has head 3.20 in length; depth 3.20; eye 3.33 in
head; snout 3.33; interorbital 4; dorsal XVI, 11; anal III, 10. Two speci-
mens 2? and 3n inches long from the same place.
122 THE SHORE FISHES.
Six specimens I to Is inches long from shore of Easter Island, December 20,
1904.
General color, iridescent gray with nine purplish brown cross-bands, wider
above, tapering toward ventral surface, these about .5 diameter of eye at top;
interspaces thickly spotted with brown, many of these coalescing into irregular
shaped areas; two longitudinal rows of comparatively large spots on inter-
spinous membranes of dorsal, the first through middle of fin, the second near base;
three or four rows of smaller spots on basal half of soft dorsal and anal; a few
small faint spots on basal portion of caudal; pectoral pale; ventral dusky;
outer margin of vertical fins dusky; teeth trilobate.
The stomach is gizzard-like, peritoneum black, underlaid with silvery;
owing to the bad condition of the viscera the pyloric coeca are difficult to count
but there are probably not over twenty; air bladder divided into two horns
posteriorly; in one of the specimens examined the stomach and intestines were
filled largely with a calcareous Alga (Corallina); a few diatoms, other algae
and small gastropods were also present. These specimens apparently differ
from current descriptions of Girella and Tephraeops in lacking an inner band of
smaller teeth on jaws and in having in the largest specimen (type) a number of
smaller supernumerary teeth outside of and closely attached to the regular series.
MULLIDAE.
Upeneus xanthograininus Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1892, 14, p. 553. Jordan & Ev'ehmann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1896, pt. 1,
p. 860.
One example, No. 3321, 8g inches long from Acapulco.
Pseudupeneus multifasciatus (Quoy & Gaimard).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 190.5, 23, pt, 1, p. 256, pi. 22.
Mullus muUifasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie. Zool. 1825, p. 3.30, pi. 59, fig. 1.
A specimen, No. 3196, II4 inches long from Cooks Bay, Easter Island.
Dorsal VIII, I, 8; anal I, 6; scales 3-29-6; head 2.95 in length; depth
2.87; eye 5.71 in head; snout including upper lip 1.70, not including upper lip
1.77; maxillary plus premaxillary 2.28; width of maxillary 2.12 in its length;
origin of barbel to angle of preopercle 1.63 in head; length of barbel 1.70 in
head; longest dorsal spine, 3rd, 1.95; longest ray 2.85, last ray 4; longest anal
ray, 1st, 2.66, last ray 3.48; caudal lobes rather short, upper slightly longer
MUI,LIDAE. 123
1.42 in head; pectoral 1.40; ventral 1.38, inserted slightly in advance of pectoral,
the latter reaches slightly farther back than ventral, neither reaches vent.
Color in alcohol : — ground color of the head greenish gray, of the body
yellowish; posterior part of cheek dusky; vertical margin of preopercle and
around the eye blackish; dusky mottling on posterior of opercle, behind the eye
and on top of head ; a continuous dusky area from front of spinous dorsal along
back to a little beyond last ray of soft dorsal; irregular dusky spots in front of
spinous dorsal or with a mottled appearance from nape to pectoral; irregular
dusky spots on the scales, from soft dorsal to lateral Hne, faintly indicating a
band; another one below the soft dorsal and still another just posterior to soft
dorsal; end of caudal peduncle and caudal fin dusky; an irregular broad, diffuse,
dusky area between lateral line and belly, extending from head and disappearing
on caudal peduncle, most intense in a line with the above mentioned bands; on
each of the four rows of scales, between the lateral line and the lower base of
pectoral there is an irregular narrow diffuse longitudinal dusky stripe, most
intense on anterior margin of each scale; axil of pectoral blue-black; pectoral
pale yellow; ventrals pale yellow, outer rays dusky above; anal with traces of
dusky bars; membranes of both dorsals dusky ; barbels yellow.
Our specimen agrees most nearly with Giinther's description and figure of
Upeneus trifasciatus (Fische der Siidsee, 1874, 3, p. 59, taf. 44, fig. B).
Mulloides auriflamma (ForskAl).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Coram., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 250, fig. 103.
Mullus auriflamma Forskal, Deseript. Anim., 1775, p. 30.
No. 3291, a specimen lis inches long from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
Mulloides samoensis Gunther.
Fische der Sudsee, 1874, 3, p. 57, pi. 43, fig. B. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 1905,
23, pt. l,p. 253.
One specimen. No. 3292, 65 inches long from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
Muloides rathbuni (Evermann & Jenkins).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mas., 1896, pt.l, p. 857; 1900, pt. 4, pi. 132, fig. 361.
Upeneus rathbuni Evermann & Jenkins, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, 14, p. 158, pi. 2, fig. 4.
Eighteen specimens 4? to 8 inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29443
(8 specimens).
124
THE SHORE FISHES.
Actual and proportional measurements of largest and smallest specimens.
Actual
Proportional
Actual
Proportional
measurements
measurements
measurements
measurements
Total length in inches
8
4i
Standard length
165 mm.
92
Head
51
3.22
27
3 40
Depth
45
3.66
19
4.84
Eye
14
3.64
7J
3.60
Snout
23
2.21
11
2.45
Maxillary
16
3.18
8
3.37
Interorbital
14
3.64
7
3.85
Barbel
35
1.45
17
1.58
Pectoral
34
1.50
16
1.68
Ventral
23
2.21
17
1.58
1st dorsal spine
29
1.75
154
1 74
Longest dorsal ray
21
2.42
10
2 70
Longest anal ray
19
2.68
10
2.70
Base of dorsal
19
2.68
10
2.70
Base of anal
m
3.51
8
3 37
Dorsal
VII-I, 8
VII-I, 8
Anal
1,7
1,6
Scales above lateral line
2J
2i
Scales below lateral line
6
6
Scales in lateral line
40
40
In our specimens the anal has from 6-7 rays. The statement of size of eye
by Jordan and Evermann {loc. cit.) is probably a mistake. The figure shows a
smaller ej^e and but VII dorsal spines. We have examined the Type and it has
seven spines. All but one of our specimens have seven spines in the first dorsal
and that one apparently has but six.
SCIAENIDAE.
Isopisthus remifer Jordan & Gilbert.
Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1882, 1, p. 320. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 117.
One specimen, No. 3134, 9z inches long from Panama Bay.
Head 3.23 in length; depth 4.14; eye 4.57 in head; snout 4; maxillary
2.06; pectoral 1.33; dorsal VII-I, 21; anal II, 17; scales 87.
Corvula macrops (Steindachner).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1427.
Cori'itia macrops Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1875, 72, p. 52, fig, 2. (Beitrage, 3, p. 24.)
Five specimens, Nos. 3380-4, 5i-6l inches long from Acapulco. No. 3383,
M. C. Z. 29618, No. 3384, M. C. Z. 29706.
SCIAENIDAE. 125
Ophioscion perissa (Heller & Snodorass).
Plate 4, fig. 3.
Sciaena perissa Heller & Snodqrass, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 6, p. 197.
One specimen, No. 3253, 7j inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
Micropogon altipinnis Gunther.
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1864, p. 149. Gilbert & Starrs, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 132.
One specimen 3j inches long from Panama market.
Dorsal XI-I, 21; anal II, 8.
Polyclemus goodei (Gilbert).
Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 135, pi. 20, fig. 40, 40a.
Paralonchurus goodei Gilbert, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1480.
One specimen 2? inches long from Panama market.
Eques fuscovittatus, sp. nov.
Plate 5, fig. 1.
One specimen, the Type, No. 65494, U. S. N. M., 7.37 inches long from
Acapulco.
Length to base of caudal 158 mm.; head 3.16 in length without caudal;
depth 2.90; eye 3.84 in head; snout 3.33; maxillary 2.63; interorbital 4.16;
dorsal X-I, 37; anal II, 7; scales about 75; gillrakers 3 + 14.
Color: centres of scales on body and head grayish, their edges brownish,
giving the specimen a brownish gray appearance; seven narrow longitudinal
dark brown stripes, alternating with interrupted stripes of the same color on
body; lowermost entire stripe runs from just below eye to base of last anal ray
and extends faintlj' on lower edge of caudal peduncle; second beginning at
lower posterior margin of eye, extending across upper base of pectoral, fading
out on caudal peduncle; third beginning at middle of posterior margin of eye
and extending to middle of base of caudal ; fourth extending from upper margin
of eye to base of last ray of dorsal ; fifth extending from front of nape to base of
fifth soft dorsal ray, thence along base of dorsal; sixth originating on shoulder
and following a more or less irregular course to base of seventeenth dorsal ray,
thence along base, joining fifth at 25th ray; seventh commencing on front of
nape in common with fifth and following an irregular course to base of ninth
dorsal ray, thence along base of fin joining sixth; a dark stripe extending along
126 THE SHORE FISHES.
the ridge of nape; fins dark brown; spinous dorsal with a wide ahnost white
margin; soft dorsal, anal, and caudal with a narrow white margin; ventral
and pectoral tipped with white (probably yellow in life).
This species is near the Atlantic species, E. acuminatus, but has a longer
snout and greater number of scales in lateral line.
POMACENTRIDAE.
Azurina upalama Heller & Snodgrass.
Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 19S. pi. 5. .Snodgrass & Helleb, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6,
p. 385.
Seven specimens 4 to 4i inches long from Chatham Island shore. M. C. Z.
29536 (3 specimens).
Pomacentrus rectifraenum Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 148. Gilbert & St.4.rks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 140.
Gilbert and Starks {loc. cit.) state that in this species there are constantly
15 soft dorsal rays and 13 anal rays, the last split ray being in each case, reckoned
as one. They also state that in Gill's description of the types of P. rectifraenum,
he assigns to it 16 dorsal rays and 15 anal rays and it is reasonable to suppose
that the split ray at the end of each fin was, by him, reckoned as two rays. In
our description, we have followed the latter plan.
Four large specimens, 41 to 5| inches long from Acapulco.
Nine large specimens, 3? to 64 inches long from Toboguilla Island, among
rocks in two fathoms of water. M. C. Z. 29448 (2 specimens).
The Acapulco specimens have uniformly 16 dorsal rays and 14 anal rays.
Five of the Toboguilla specimens have 16 dorsal rays and four have 15 dorsal
rays; six have 14 anal rays and three have 15 anal rays.
The above specimens show the following colors : — General color dark
brown, darker on top of head, lighter on breast and belly; margin of upper lip
and whole of lower lip pale; the scales of sides of body have dark-margins,
forming transverse lines; dorsal, ventral, anal, and caudal blue-black; pectoral
with dusky rays, paler membranes forming a dark olive shade, the two upper
rays are paler, base of pectoral brown body color with a small black spot at base
of 1st ray, a white bar, widest at the top, extending across base of the rays
behind, this bar sharply separating the dusky pectoral from its brown base.
These specimens show no traces of pearly spots.
Nine specimens 2s to 3^ inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
POMACENTRIDAE. 127
Of those, eight have Ki dorsal rays and one has 17 dorsal rays; the anals
have uniformly 14 rays.
These specimens show the following colors: — all more or less spotted with
pale blue or pearly spots ; the three larger ones with no spots on body and fewer
and fainter spots on head and fins; some of the smaller specimens similarly
marked ; the posterior margins of body scales dusky, forming narrow transverse
lines; in some of the smaller specimens, in addition to the dusky marks there is
a pale blue curved bar on each scale on side of body becoming spots on back and
belly and forming alternating transverse lines with the darker margins below
lateral line and long lines following rows of scales above lateral line; the spots
on the side of the head are irregular in size and arranged approximately in series
downward and forward towards the isthmus: two lines formed of these spots
under the eye, one just below suborbital following its curve to corner of mouth,
one under eye and parallel with its margin on the suborbital, a short line extends
from front of eye forward to edge of preorbital; a light blue line on upper part
of eye; a line of coalescent spots extending from tip of snout back over eye to
front of spinous dorsal, a series of fainter spots between these on the median line,
such spots occurring also on soft dorsal and anal and 'following the row of scales ;
in the smaller specimens a small black spot on caudal peduncle just back of the
angle of soft dorsal; several specimens with a large pearly spot on angle of dorsal
and anal; none of these showing traces of black spot or ocellus on anterior base
of soft dorsal; a small black spot on upper base of first ray of pectoral. In
these specimens the pectoral fins are pale, agreeing with the larger specimens in
the markings behind pectoral.
Three specimens if to 2 inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
These specimens are like the preceding except that they show traces of the black
spot on anterior base of soft dorsal.
Two specimens 2\ to Si inches long from Toboguilla Island, Panama Bay,
among coral in two fathoms of water.
These have 16 dorsal and 14 anal rays. They are similar in color to the
larger specimens but show a few pearly spots on sides of head.
Seven specimens Is to 2i6 inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29568
(4 specimens).
Of these, all have 16 dorsal rays; six have 14 anal rays and one has 13 anal
rays.
These specimens have the general color of the Perico Island specimens, but
the three largest show traces of a black spot on the anterior base of soft dorsal;
128 THE SHORE FISHES.
the smaller ones show distinct black spots on anterior base, each surrounded by
pearly spots giving the appearance of an ocellus.
Ponaacentrus gilli Gilbert & Starks.
Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 141, pi. 22, fig. 44.
Three specimens 2s to 4| inches long from Acapulco.
All have dorsal rays 15, one has anal rays 14, and two have them 13.
Five specimens M. C. Z. 29567, 21 to 41 inches long from Perico Island.
All have dorsal rays 15, and anal 13.
Six specimens 2? to 3| inches long from Toboguilla Island, among coral
in two fathoms of water. Of these five have dorsal rays 15, and six have anal 13,
one has dorsal 16.
One specimen, M. C. Z. 29453, 2? inches long from Perico Island. This
has 15 dorsal rays and anal 13.
The three specimens from Acapulco have general color brown, the posterior
edges of scales darker, forming transverse lines on sides of body ; faint pale spots
on sides of head, none on front of head or nape, both lips pale; no blue line on
top of eye; a few pale spots on soft dorsal, anal, and caudal; pectoral very pale
and translucent with no distinct spot at base of upper ray, base darker than
body color both in front and behind; no di.stinct white bar on base of pectoral
rays behind; in the two larger specimens no trace of spot or ocellus on anterior
base of soft dorsal ; a large black spot on anterior base of soft dorsal in smallest
specimen; in the two larger specimens the posterior margin of soft dorsal and
anal paler; in smaller .specimen, posterior margins of these fins abruptly pale;
a small black spot on upper base of caudal peduncle.
The five specimens from Perico Island are similar in color to the above but
slightly paler; the spots on head more distinct; none show pale spots on rays of
soft dorsal, anal, or caudal; all have some pale spots on scaly base of anal; the
two larger specimens show very slight traces of paler posterior margins to dorsals
and anals. On the two next in size this is more distinct and on the smallest it is
abruptly paler, none showing traces of spot or ocellus on soft dorsal, or spot on
top of caudal peduncle. The largest one shows no white spot on axil of dorsal
or anal. The next in size has a spot on base of posterior rays of anal, the others
having these in axil of both fins, that of anal extending on to rays.
The six specimens from Toboguilla are similar in color, all but one darker
than the preceding; spots on head very distinct; the smallest is pale with
distinct spot at base of first pectoral ray; outer margin of vertical fins dusky
POMACENTRIDAE.
129
with a faint inner pale band; traces of pearly spots on scaled base of anal and
on belly and posterior part of body, but none of these spots are present in the
larger specimens.
The one specimen from Perico Island is similar in color to the paler forms
above described; spots on side of head distinct; no spot on caudal peduncle;
fins same color as body; pale spot in axil of dorsal and anal.
Comparative Measurements.
Pomacentrus rectifTaenum
Pomacentrus gilli.
Total length
94 mm.
94 mm.
Head
3.13
3.13
Depth
1.77
1.88
Eve
3.33
3.52
Preorbital, between eye and corner of mouth
4.28
5.42
Maxillary
3.33
3.15
Interorbital
2.72
3.15
Gilbert and St arks (loc. cit.), state that P. gilli is closely related to P.
redifraenum but differing constantly in the uniformly translucent pectoral,
larger eye, narrower and flatter interorbital space, narrower preorbital, which is
serrated to a point opposite to or in advance of the angle of the mouth, and in the
shorter dorsal and anal fins.
In the specimens which we have identified as these two species we find that
all the above characters do not hold. In many of the smaller specimens of P.
redifraenum, the pectorals are translucent; the eye is not constantly larger in
P. gilli; the interorbital space agrees in being narrower in P. gilli, but the differ-
ence in flatness in the two can not always be distinguished; while in the larger
specimens the preorbital is somewhat narrower in P. gilli. This character is
hard to distinguish in the small specimens and the preorbital serrations are
variable and are of no importance as a means of separating the two species.
Out of thirty-four specimens of P. redifraenum we have one specimen in which
there are 13 rays in the anal; out of fifteen specimens of P. gilli we have one
with 16 dorsal rays and one with 14 anal rays. These are probably individual
variations and in general would not effect the separation of the species, since
this variation does not affect both dorsal and anal in the same specimen. In
our specimens, the presence of accessory scales upon the top of head and between
eyes in P. redifraenum and their absence in P. gilli seems to furnish a distin-
guishing character, particularly in the larger individuals. Another constant
and well-marked character in P. redifraenum is the presence of a very distinct
130
THE SHORE FISHES.
white bar on the base of the pectoral rays behind, separating the darker fin from
the purphsh brown pectoral base. In practically all our specimens of P. recti-
fraenum there is a small black spot on the outer base of the first pectoral ray
which does not extend on to base of pectoral. On P. gilli there is no distinct
black spot but a very dusky area extends across the outer base of the pectoral fin.
Pomacentrus arcifrons Heller & Snodgrass.
Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 202, pi. 7. Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6,
p. 389.
Two specimens 2^ to 2u inches long, Chatham Island, shore.
Proportional measurements of the two specimens.
Head in total length without caudal
3 33
3.42
Depth without caudal
2.30
2.28
Eye in head
3
2.80
Interorbital in head
3.60
3 50
Preorbital in head
7.71
7.00
Dorsal
XII, 16
XII, 16 ,
Anal
11,15
11,14
Color in spirits, very dark brown, a little lighter on belly and lower part of
head; lips pale; body posteriorly gradually becoming lighter to margin of caudal,
which is quite pale; posterior margin of soft dorsal slightly paler than rest of fin;
traces of small pearly spots on head ; no trace of black spot or ocellus on anterior
base of soft dorsal ; small white spot on base of two last dorsal rays, a larger one
on base of posterior anal rays; small black spot on base of first pectoral ray and
a pale bar on pectoral behind axil as in P. rectifraenum but not so distinct. The
smaller specimen is similarly colored, the pale areas being, however, more marked;
an indistinct ocellus is formed on the anterior base of soft dorsal by a circle of
small pale spots, the ground color of the ocellus of same intensity as surrounding
area.
Thirteen specimens I to Ij inches long, Chatham Island. M. C. Z. 29456
(2 specimens), M. C. Z. 29606 (1 specimen).
The general color of these is same as preceding, but the posterior pale area
is almost yellowish white and covers posterior half of soft dorsal. The black
ocellus on anterior base of soft dorsal is very distinct.
The large specimens compared in color with specimens of P. rectifraenum
of same size, show no marked difference. Our specimens of P. rectifraenum do
not show the paler caudal peduncle and caudal. The specimens of P. arcifrons
POMACENTRIDAE.
131
are a little more slender and the suborbital a little narrower. It is possible
that the strong color marking of the very young of P. arcifrons may serve to
distinguish them from young of P. rectifraenum. We have no very young of
the latter. In as much as the posterior paler color decreases with age, it is
probable that this character would not distinguish larger individuals from P.
rectifraenum.
Four specimens, Nos. 3217-19, No. 3219, M. C. Z. 29684 and 3271, M. C. Z.
29,642, 6 to 65 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
Pomacentrus flavilatus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 148.
Ten specimens 1^ to 2i5 inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29540 (5
specimens).
One specimen, if inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
Proportional Measurements of four of the largest Acapulco specimens.
Total length
56 mm.
51
49
48
Head in length without caudal
3.11
3
3.06
3.20
Depth
2.15
1.96
2.13
2.08
Eye in head
3.
2.83
2.90
2.72
Preorbital in head
7.2
8.50
9.14
7.50
Interorbital in head
3.6
3.77
4.
3.75
Dorsal counting last
XII, 15
XII, 15
XII, 15
XII, 15
Anal
11,13
11,13
II, 13
11,14
In the remaining specimens the dorsal rays are constantly 15, and the anal
rays 13, except in one which has 14.
The following color note was found with the specimen : — " Back brilliant
blue, lower parts chrome; dorsal ocellus black."
Color in spirits, top and sides of head to near lower edge of eye and extend-
ing backward slightly below lateral line to under 6th or 7th dorsal ray abruptly
purplish brown; below this, sides of head and body yellow, posteriorly brighter.
The better preserved specimens have centres of scales, on sides of body on the
purplish area and some on the head pale blue; posterior margin of scales dusky,
forming narrow transverse lines becoming fainter posteriorly and ventrally; a
jet black spot, sometimes ocellated, on upper .surface of caudal peduncle; small
blue spots on scales of the dusky spinous dorsal; a trace of an inframarginal
pale band also present on spinous dorsal ; soft dorsal dusky, with a white area,
varying in size, on its posterior base, a large jet black-blue margined spot on
132 THE SHORE FISHES.
anterior base of fin; in some specimens there are from one to three dusky spots
near the base of the rays on the white area of the soft dorsal, there is a pale blue
centre in some of these spots; pectoral pale and translucent with a small black
spot on base of upper ray; ventral dark gray or slate; anal usually creamy
white with a broad dusky anterior and lower margin, the posterior rays with
dusky tips. Some specimens have dusky punctulations and numerous dusky
spots on scales of anal, some of the spots have pale blue centres. Other speci-
mens have larger spots posteriorly, similar to those on white area of soft dorsal;
in some there are similar spots, varying in number and extent, on caudal ped-
uncle and caudal; caudal fin dusky, varying in intensity.
The head in P. flavilatua is closer to P. gilli than to P. redifraenum , but it
is generally longer than in P. gilli and in the latter it is longer than in P. redi-
fraenum. The three agree quite closely in depth, P. flavilalus averaging a
little deeper. In the eye they overlap, but P. redifraenum averages a larger
eye than P. flavilatus and it in turn averages larger than P. gilli. The pre-
orbital in P. flavilatus is close to P. gilli, but is slightly narrower; in P. redi-
fraenum it is considerably wider. The interorbital of P. flavilatus and P. gilli
averages about the same; in P. redifraenum it is considerably wider.
Except the great differences in coloration, there seem to be no characters
by which we can distinguish P. flavilatus from the young of P. gilli. Our speci-
mens of P. gilli, however, show a more vertical posterior margin to the pre-
opercle, which in P. flavilatus is strongly inclined forward; P. redifraenum is
quite distinct.
Pomacentrus jenkinsi Jordan & Evermann.
Bull. U. S. Fish Coram., 1903, 22, p. 189; 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 270, fig. 11.5.
Twenty-one specimens g to 5 inches long from La Perouse Bay, Easter
Island. M. C. Z. 29571 (9 .specimens).
Three specimens, Nos. 3185-7, No. 3187, M. C. Z. 29685, 5j to 6 inches
long from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
Thirty-six specimens Ijs to 6 inches long, Easter Island, shore. M. C. Z.
29442 (9 specimens).
In counting the soft dorsal of the above specimens, we have counted the
last ray divided to the base as two rays. It is evident that previous authors
have counted as half or part of a ray what we now count as a ray. Out of
thirty specimens counted from Easter Island, one had 16 dorsal rays, seventeen
had 17 rays, eleven had 18 rays, and one had 19; the anal was uniformly 14;
in the descriptions the dorsal has 16 and anal 13; specimens from Hawaii in
POIVIACENTRIDAE. 133
the Jordan and Evermann colloction, seven specimens have dorsal 17, anal 14
as we count them.
The very young have a small white margin on spinous dorsal, becoming
progressively but variously narrower in specimens up to three inches long, after
which it seems to disappear entirely. This margin is not so evident in the
Hawaiian specimens of similar size. This may be due to their faded condition.
Pomacentrus leucorus Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1892, 14, p. 554. SxoD(m.\ss & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 387.
Six specimens 4 to 6 inches long, Nos. 3220-5, from Wreck Bay, Chatham
Island. No. 3224, M. C. Z. 29635, No. 3225, M. C. Z. 29701.
Four specimens, M. C. Z. 29549, 1 to if inches long from Chatham Island,
shore.
The following color markings were noted. A specimen 25 mm. long had
side of head, body, and belly dark brown fading to pale dusky on dorsal surface
anterior to soft dorsal, becoming darker again on top of snout; posterior part
of caudal peduncle lighter; a line of pearly spots from tip of snout backward
across upper surface of eye to nape, other small pearly spots in front of and below
orbit and on opercle; base of spinous dorsal very pale, spines pale, membrane
dusky, a large black ocellus on last two dorsal spines and first two rays and
extending on body nearly to lateral line, rest of soft dorsal, caudal, and pectoral
slightly dusky; anal and ventral color of body, traces of lighter spots on posterior
base of soft dorsal and anal; outer ray of ventrals with an interrupted pearly
line; trace of a light spot near tip of pectoral.
A specimen 46 mm. long similar to preceding, dorsal surface much darker
with traces of grayish, tips of membranes of spinous dorsal black, ocellus con-
fined to soft dorsal and body; pearly line from tip of snout to eye distinct, the
remainder of fine and other pearly spots not so marked; spot near tip of pectoral
more distinct than in smaller specimens.
Abudefduf sordidus (Forskal).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comin., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 274, fig. 117.
Chaelodon sordidxis Forskal, Descript. Anim., 1775, p. 62 .
Two specimens 31 and Sjs inches long, from Manga Reva.
In the larger specimen the black saddle on caudal peduncle is very indis-
tinct, and the dorsal, caudal, and anal have very dusky edges, differing in this
respect from the smaller one and the young.
134 THE SHORE FISHES.
Twenty-one specimens I fo Ih inches long from Manga Reva.
In these specimens the 2nd and 3rd body bands fuse on the spinous dorsal,
in a distinct black area or blotch.
The following color note was found with these specimens: — "Broad bars,
light slate gray, light silver; dorsal and peduncle spots black; spinous dorsal
canary behind spot."
Six specimens Si to 7n inches long, No. 3282-85, No. 3285, M. C. Z. 29694-
95 (two damaged and not tagged), from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
Abudefduf semptemfasciatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1908, 25, p. 285.
Glyphisodon seplemfasciatus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss. 1830, 5, p. 346 (463).
Two specimens 51 and 7 inches long, 3286-7, M. C. Z. 29645, 29634 from
Rikitea, Manga Reva.
These specimens, which we provisionally identify as above, closely resemble
our specimens of A. declivifrons, but have a somewhat narrower preorbital, a
wider interorbital, and more dorsal and anal rays. They differ also in having
paler fins; in A. declivifrons the soft dorsal, anal, and caudal are almost black
while in A. septemfasciatus these fins are much paler with the tips of the dorsal
lobes dusky and a broad sharply defined caudal terminal margin, widest at the
end of the lobes. They do not agree in form with Bleeker's figure (Atlas 9,
tab. 409, Pomac. tab. 10, fig. 5) of this species. Compared with a specimen 7?
inches long from Samoa identified by Jordan and Seale as A. septemfasciatus,
their specimen has a steeper profile and much darker coloration, and the ventrals,
dorsal, anal, and caudal are blue-black, the caudal showing a trace of darker
margin; pectoral pale; this specimen also shows purplish brown streaks along
the rows of scales on the breast, not evident in our largest specimen, and but
faintly indicated in the smaller; these streaks are not of specific value, because
they are present in some specimens of A. declivifrons and absent in others.
In the 7 inch specimen the head is 3.25 in length; depth 1.63; eye 3.81 in
head; preorbital 6.46; interorbital 2.47; dorsal XIII, 14 (13); anal II, 13 (12).
In the 5| inch specimen the head is 3.18 in length; depth 1.66; eye 3.47 in
head; preorbital 6.60; interorbital 2.07; dorsal XIII, 14 (13); anal II, 14 (13).
Abudefduf saxatilis (Linne).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 475.
Chaelodon saxalilis Linn£, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 17.58, p. 276.
Twenty-four specimens, f to 4^ inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
POMACENTRIDAE. 135
Nine specimens, Nos. 3226, 3262, 3263, M. C. Z. 29672, and 3272-77, 5 to 7
inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island. No. 3262, M. C. Z. 29637, No.
3272, M. C. Z. 29691, No. 3274, M. C. Z. 29668, No. 3275, M. C. Z. 29682, No.
3276, M. C. Z. 29629, No. 3277, M. C. Z. 29688.
Twenty-nine specimens, 1? to 4; inches long among coral in two fathoms of
water and one specimen, No. 3133, 75 inches long, all from Toboguilla Island,
Panama Bay.
Thirty-two specimens, 1 to 4* inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay,
in tidal pools and among coral in two fathoms of water.
Twenty-one specimens, 2i to 4? inches long, and two specimens, Nos. 3369-
70, 4| and 7 inches long, all from Acapulco.
Abudefduf declivifrons (Gill).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 476.
Etischistodus declivifrons Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., 1862, p. 146.
Two specimens 2? to 3? inches long from Toboguilla Island, Panama Bay,
among coral in two fathoms of water. Al. C. Z. 29562 (1 specimen).
Seventeen specimens 5 to I4 inches long, Perico Island, October 26, 1904,
in pool.
Three specimens 42 to 6j inches long, Nos. 3371-3, Acapulco, February 28,
1905. No. 3373, M. C. Z. 29632 (1 specimen).
The 6i inch specimen had head 3.02 in length; depth 1.65; eye 3.72 in head;
suborbital 5.85; interorbital 2.73; dorsal XIII, 13 (12); anal II, 11 (10). In
another specimen the dorsal was XIII, 13 (12); anal II, 12 (11); another had
dorsal XIII, 14 (13); anal II, 11 (10).
The young are easily distinguished from the young of A. saxatalis by the
direction of two of the bands; in A. saxatalis the band from about the middle
of the spinous dorsal runs downward and slightly forward to the belly, somewhat
in front of anal; and the band from posterior part of spinous dorsal extends
downward and forward, nearly parallel with other toward front of anal. In A.
declivifrons the band from spinous dorsal extends downward and backward to
front of anal. The band from the posterior part of spinous dorsal extends down-
ward and backward to about the middle of anal ; each band is of about uniform
width; in A. declivifrons they are broader dorsally, becoming narrower ventrally,
making them appear divergent. In A. declivifrons the bands above the lateral
line are much darker, making the pale interspaces appear more distinct (spot-
like).
136 THE SHORE FISHES.
Abudefduf glaucus (Cdvier & Valenciennes). •
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur, Fish., 1906, 25, p. 286.
Glyphisodon glaucus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1830, 5, p. 355 (475).
Three specimens 2 to 2| inches long from Manga Reva, Paumotus Islands,
February 3, 1905. M. C. Z. 29416 (1 specimen).
Dascyllus aruanus (Linn£).
GtJNTHER, Fische der Sudsee, 1881, 7, p. 235 taf. 124, fig. B.
Chaetodon aruanus LiNNfi, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1758, p. 275.
Thirty-six specimens 2j to 3 inches long from Manga Reva, coral. M. C. Z.
29556 (16 specimens). ♦
Chromis caeruleus (CnviER & V.^lenciennes).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 290, pi. 44, fig. 1.
Heliases caeruleus Gov. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 18.30, 5, p. 372 (497).
Thirty specimens 2l to 4 inches long, Manga Reva, coral. M. C. Z. 29402
(5 specimens).
The following color note was found with the specimens: — "Bright green,
shading to silver on lower parts, changes to blue at once in preservatives."
One specimen 35 inches long from Manga Reva, February 1, 1905, coral.
Jordan and Seale included in the synonymy of this species Ckromis lepisurus
Bleeker, and Heliastes lepidurus Giinther Fische der SUdsee. In our specimens
the outer rays of the caudal are more produced than shown in the figures of
Bleeker and Giinther.
Chromis atrilobatus Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 149. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Gal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 139,
pi. 21, fig. 43.
Twenty-two specimens 2^ to 4 inches long, Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29570
(16 specimens).
Twenty-three specimens 2? to ii inches long, Toboguilla Island, among
coral in two fathoms of water.
Microspathodon dorsalis (Gill).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1568; 1900, pt. 4, pi. 236, fig. 594.
Hypsypops dorsalis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil., 1802, p. 149.
Four si)ecimens, Nos. 3324-3327, 7| to 10| inches long, and five specimens
4i to 6 inches long, all from Acapulco. No. 3324, M. C. Z. 29660, No. 3325,
M. C. Z. 29680.
LABRIDAE.
137
LABRIDAE.
Bodianus diplotaenius (Gill).
Snodqrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Soi., 190."), 6, p. 3'Jl.
Harpc diplotatnia Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1SG2, j). 140.
A female 95 inches long from Toboguilla Island, Panama Baj'.
Bodianus eclancheri (Valenciennes).
Snodqrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. .Vcad. Sci., 190.5, 6, p. 392.
Cossyphui eclancheri Val., Voy. Venus, IS 16, pi. 8, fig. 2, 18.5.5, 5, p. 340.
No. 3248, a specimen 13 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
The dark markings on the two sides are different and not at all like Valen-
ciennes's description. A great color variation is described by Snodgrass and
Heller (/oc. cit.).
PseudolabruR inscriptus (Richardson).
Labrichthys inscripta Gunther, Cat., 1862, 4, p. 115.
Labrus inscripta vel Tauloga inscripta Richardson, Ichthy. Erebus & Terror, 1844, p. 134, pi. 56,
fig. 1-2.
Plate 5, fig. 2, Plate 6, fig. 1.
Four specimens 2 to 5.25 inche.s long from shore at Easter Island. M. C. Z.
29438 (2 specimens).
Proportional measurements of the two largest specimens.
Total length in
ini
hes
5.25
3.94
Length (standa
•d)
mm.
115
83
Head in length
3.10
3.19
Depth
3.10
3.19
Eye in head
5.28
4.33
Snout in head
3.08
2.88
Dorsal
IX, Hi
IX, lU
Anal
III, lOi
III, m
Scales
4-26-8
4-26-8
Canines
2(4)-4
2(4)-4
Richardson in his description gives dorsal IX, 14, in figure IX, 11.
Color in spirits : — of the two larger specimens the smaller is very much
lighter in color, but of similar pattern and possessing small black spots between
lateral line and dorsal, these arranged in groups of 1-3, the arrangement unjike
on the two sides, but for the most part in pairs; a group of four indistinct spots
on top of caudal peduncle; white spots and lines on sides of head and throat
are more distinct in the larger specimen. In the two smaller specimens the
colors are more faded but similar to the smaller specimen just described.
138 THE SHORE FISHES.
Halichoeres sellifer Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 13, p. 67.
One specimen, No. 3387, 6? inches long from Acapulco.
This specimen agrees structurally very well with the description of the Type,
except that the caudal is subtruncate or gently rounded; when spread the outer
rays are regularly shorter than the middle rays. Gilbert and Starks (Mem.
Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 144) mention specimens from Panama Bay with
such caudal.
This specimen had been so long in alcohol that the colors can not be deter-
mined definitely.
There is a trace of a black half-bar on the side of the back from between the
5th and 7th dorsal spines, and indications of other dark markings along back
extending downward from dorsal, the first from region of 9th spine and 1st ray;
2nd from 3rd and 5th ray; 3rd from 6th and 7th; 4th from 9th and 10th; 5th
a sort of saddle on caudal peduncle, the intensity of these is greatest on the
lateral line, below the lateral line is a faded area, and below this an irregular
dusky shade most intense in line with the bars; traces of three of four narrow,
wavy dusky cross-bars on the dark yellow caudal; other fins all plain yellowish
with very slight traces of dusky lines. Head 3.28 in length; depth 3.28; eye 6
in head; snout 3.32; dorsal IX, 11; anal III (?), 12; scales 32-28-83.
Halichoeres dispilus (Gunther).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 189.5, ser. 2, 5, p. 481.
Plalyghssus dispilus Gunther, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 2.5.
Two specimens 3i and 3ii inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29538
(1 specimen).
The 3t| inch specimen has head 3.22 in length; depth 4.14; eye 4.50 in
head; snout 3.37; scales 4-27-85; dorsal IX, 11; anal III, 12; a well-developed
canine on each side of upper jaw.
Color note : — an irregular pale margined ocellus occupying part of five
scales lies below space between 4th and 5th dorsal spine, the two central scales
being in lateral line; middle rays of caudal covered by a large dusky blotch,
within this are three small pale spots.
The other specimen can not be distinguished structurally except in the
absence of canine teeth in the sides of upper jaw, and slight variation in color.
The dark ocellus lies below 4th dorsal spine, and occupies one entire scale and
part of two others, one of these lying in lateral line, the others below. No dusky
blotch on caudal.
T.ABUIDAE. 139
PseudojulJs notospilus Gi'NTiiEH.
Troe. Zool. Soc. London, 1SG4, p. 2(5. Snodi!1{ass & Hkllek, rroc. Wash. ,\c:iJ. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 396.
Plate 6, fig. 2.
Two specimens 5.37 and 5.62 inches long from Acapulco.
Larger specimen deformed, giving it a much steeper profile. The color
differs somewhat from current descriptions. The following color note was
with the specimen: — "Ground color, olive-green with darker bars; edge of
dorsal, anal, and ventral sky-blue, dots on anal and dorsal of the same color,
middle dorsal spot black, submarginal stripe brown, lighter bar sometimes
bluish."
One specimen M. C. Z., 29558, 5.5 inches long from Acapulco February 28,
1905.
The following color note was with the specimen: — "Dorsal spot j^ellow
on either side of black middle spot; purple bar at base of pectoral; sky-blue
spots forming bars on dorsal, caudal and anal; scales with blue marginal bar;
general color olive-green."
Five specimens | to Is inches long from Perico Island, in tide pool.
We give the following notes on a specimen 3.06 inches long from Acapulco.
No canine teeth in posterior part of jaws, anterior canines I (or possibly 1);
head scaleless; about six scales (possibly seven) in front of dorsal, not meeting
over dorsal ridge; lateral line complete and continuous; scales in lateral line
18-1-3-1-6 or 7, in transverse series four including lateral line and counted from
front of dorsal downward and backward, 82 downward and backward from
lateral line to origin of anal. Head 3.5 in length; depth 3.63; eye 4.75 in
head; snout 3.33; interorbital 5; dorsal IX, 11; anal III, 12.
Cheilio inermis (Forskal).
JoRD.iN & EvERM.ANN, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 314, pi. 33.
Labriif! inermis Forskal, Descript. Anim., 1775, p. 34.
Three specimens, Nos. 3166, M. C. Z. 29651, 3167, and 3168, l4, 15? and
16i6 inches long from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
These specimens vary greatly in color, but little in structure. No. 3168 is
a little more slender, has a smaller eye, a slightly larger and slightly longer
mouth. No. 3166 has head 3 in length; depth 5.83; orbit 6.41 in head; dis-
tance fn m tip of snout to corner of mouth 2.85 in head; tip of upper lip to
orbit 2.22; interorbital 10.3; pectoral 2.61; dorsal rays 22; anal I, 14; scales
140 THE SHORE FISHES.
6-46-11; No. 3167 has head 3 m length; depth 5.84; orbit 6.38 in head; dis-
tance from tip of snout to corner of mouth 2.8; tip of upper Hp to orbit 2.25;
interorbital 10.4; pectoral 2.8; dorsal rays 22; anal I, 14; scales 6-46-11.
No. 3168 has head 3 in length; depth 6.42; orbit 7.17 in head; distance from
tip of snout to corner of mouth 2.48; tip of upper lip to orbit 2.17; interorbital
10.1; pectoral 2.71 ; dorsal rays 22; anal I, 14; scales 6-46-11.
Nos. 3166 and 3167 are essentially alike in color, each having a large irregular
black blotch on the side immediately back of tip of pectoral, beginning on a
level with opercular angle and extending in No. 3166 to the belly and not quite
to it in No. 3167, the spot being fainter below; general color of body and upper
part of head, dark purplish brown, each scale margined with yellowish, giving
the specimen a cross-hatched appearance; dorsal and anal membranes mottled
with white; caudal in No. 3166 brownish olive, in No. 3167 it is mottled like
dorsal and anal; No. 3168 is markedly different in color, almost uniformly dull
yellowish tending to brownish on back; a longitudinal dark stripe on axis from
just below angle of opercle to caudal, the stripe is composed of spots, each occupy-
ing most of a scale, anteriorly the spots are in pairs, posteriorly they are single
and on the lateral line; all the fins are plain yellowish, no mottling.
Thalassoma duperrey (Quoy & Gaimard).
Jordan & Evbrmann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Coram., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 302, fig. 1.30, pi. .35.
Julis duperrey Qdoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie. Zool., 1821, p. 268, pi. 56, fig. 2.
One specimen 6 inches long from Toboguilla Island.
One specimen, M. C. Z. 29404, 41 inches long from Acapulco.
The following color note was with the last specimen, M. C. Z. No. 29404: —
"Shoulder and front of pectoral canary-yellow; belly and rest of body wine-
red; looks blue in water on top; head pinkish black; chin blue; pectoral spot
blue-black; darker sublateral band; caudal black; dorsal and anal body color
with a light margin."
Thalassoma purpureum (Forskal).
Jordan & Evbrmann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Coram., 1005, 23, pt. 1, p. 295.
Scania yurpureum Forsk.Il, Descript. .\nim., 1775, p. 27.
One specimen, No. 3169, 16 inches long, probably from Cook Bay, Easter
Island.
This specimen is a faded counterpart of Scams georgii (Bennett, Fish.
Ceylon, 1834, pi. 24) and resembles very closely Ruppell's figure of Julis semi-
coeruleus (Neue Wirb. Fische, Atlas, 1828, taf. 3, fig. 1).
SCAllIDAE. l4l
Thalassoma umbrostigma (RWppell).
Jorda:^ & EvERMANN, Bull. U. S. Fish. C )m:ii., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 300, lif?. 129.
Julis umbrosligmi. Ruppell, Neuc Wirb. Fischc. Atlas, 1828, taf. 3, fig. 2.
Nineteen specimens, M. C. Z. 29407, I'g to 2$ inches long from La Perouse
Bay, Easter Island.
Thirty-eight specimens Its to 22 inches long, Easter Island.
Thalassoma lucasanum (Gill).
JoKD.\N, Proc. Cal. Acad., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 482.
Julis lucasanum Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 142.
Four specimens, M. C. Z. 29413, lis to 21 inches long from Acapulco.
Nine specimens 2| to 4| inches long from Toboguilla Island, Panama Bay,
coral.
The Acapulco specimens have the following color note with them : —
"Body silvery; breast and lower head yellow, continued as a sublateral band
to caudal fin; below this red; caudal also red, except black and white marginal
stripes; ventrals, edge of dorsal, anal, and caudal white; no spot in front of
caudal; median stripe black-brown, above yellowish green, showing yellow in
water; red specks on this band on caudal half; top of head and dorsal fin black."
Cheilinus undulatus Ruppell.
Neue Wirb. Fische, Atlas, 1828, taf. 6, fig. 2; 1835, p. 20.
One specimen 4? inches long from Manga Riva (coral) February 4, 1905.
The following color note was found with the specimen: — "General color
light brown shading to olive-green on head; spots blackish brown; no brown on
cheeks and chin; white on fins except pectoral; tip of dorsal membrane red with
white at points; caudal and anal less distinctly so."
SCARIDAE.
Callyodon perrico (Jordan & Gilbert).
Snodgbass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 317.
Scaru^ perrico Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 4, p. 357.
Two specimens, Nos. 3122, M. C. Z. 29673, and 3123, 142 and 172 inches long
respectively, probably from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
\
142 THE SHORE FISHES.
Callyodon noyesi (Heller & Snodgrass).
Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 190.5, 6, p. 397.
Scarus noyesi Heller & Snodgrass, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 6, p. 206, pi. 9.
One specimen, No. 3124, 21 inches long, probably from Perico Island or
Panama.
Previously known only from Galapagos Islands.
CHAETODONTIDAE.
Chaetodon nigrirostris (Gill).
Jordan & Everm.^nn, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1S9S, pt. 2, p. 1673.
Swolhrodus nigrirostris Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 243.
Two specimens, each 2| inches long and two specimens. No. 3343, M. C. Z.
29655, and No. 3354, 5 and 5^ inches long from Acapulco and 1 specimen 6
inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
The black between the eyes does not extend entirely across the interorbital
space, it being simply two black blotches above the eye. The black of the
opercular margin is continued across or nearly across the base of pectoral fin.
Chaetodon humeralis Gunther.
Cat., 1860, 2, p. 19. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 149.
Two specimens, Nos. 3113 and 3121, M. C. Z. 29690, respectively 5 and 4f
inches long and two specimens, M . C. Z. 29559 each 42 inches long from Perico
Island, Panama Bay.
Thirteen specimens, 41 to 5 inches long from Toboguilla Island, Panama
Bay, in two fathoms.
Five specimens, Nos. 3316-18 and No. 3355, M. C. Z. 29687, No. 3356,
M. C. Z. 29676, 4| to 4| inches long from Acapulco.
Color: — a dark band narrower than eye, runs from nape curving down-
ward and forward through the eye across cheek and then curving backward to
throat; another broader band from front of dorsal through the base of pectoral,
then faintly to ventrals; then a broader band along base of soft dorsal and anal
across caudal peduncle; a dark inframarginal band to soft dorsal and anal, rays
bordered with light yellow, anal border broader than dorsal ; narrow dark band
across caudal peduncle at base of caudal ; a broader band across base of caudal
fin; another intramarginal band near tip of caudal.
CHAETODONITAE. 143
Chaetodon lineolatus Quoy & Gaimaud.
CuviEn & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1831, 7, p. 31 (10).
A specimen, No. 3281, Sl inches long from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
In the figure given by Giinther (Fische der Siidsee 1874, 2, taf. 34, fig. A.)
and copied by Jordan and Evermann (Bull. U. S. Fish Conmi., 1905, 23, pt. 1,
p. 365, fig. 159), the black lines are wrongly drawn obliquely, instead of verti-
cally and following the series of scales as they are in the specimen and as Giinther
and Jordan and Evermann correctly describe them.
Chaetodon trifasciatus Mungo Park.
Trans. Linn. See. London, 1797, 3, p. 34. Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fi.sh., 1906, 25, p. 344.
One specimen 2^ inches long from Manga Reva, coral.
The following color note was found with the specimen: — • "Bright yellow,
brighter on breast and head; bars brown, nearly black; peduncle spot black;
stripes gray."
This specimen has a distinct black spot in the angle between the soft dorsal
and caudal peduncle, much darker than the dusky band along base of the soft
dorsal in which it lies.
Heniochus monoceros Cuvier & Valenciennes.
Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1831, 7, p. 76 (100), pi. 170. GtJNTHER, Cat., 1860, 2, p. 41.
One specimen, No. 3280, 6 inches long from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
Pomacanthus zonipectus (Gill).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1682.
Pomacanlhodes zonipeclus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 244.
One specimen I inch long from Perico Island, 10-25-'04.
Holacanthus passer Valenciennes.
Voy. Venus, 1855, 5, p. 327, pi. 6. Snodgr,\ss & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 150.
Two specimens, Nos. 3132 and 3151, M. C. Z. 29616, 6 and ?! inches long,
and seven specimens, 2? to 4i inches long among coral in two fathoms of water,
all from Toboguilla Island, Panama Bay.
Three specimens, Nos. 3241-43, 5 to 84 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chat-
ham Island.
Four specimens, Nos. 3328-31, No. 3330, M. C. Z. 29879, No. 3331, M. C. Z.
29686, 5 to 65 inches long from Acapulco.
144 THE SHORE FISHES.
One specimen, 5f inches long without tag or locaUty.
In these specimens, there are numerous small round, grayish spots on the
nape in front of dorsal ; in other respects they agree with current descriptions.
In some of our young examples there are coarse reticulations of blue lines on the
cheek between the hues running downward from in front and from behind the
eye. The color of the young is well described by Snodgrass and Heller.
TEUTHIDIDAE.
Teuthis triostegus (Linne).
Chaclodon triostegus Linn£, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 17.58, p. 274.
Eight specimens each about 1? inches long from Manga Reva, February 3,
'05. M. C. Z. 29414 (3 specimens).
Our specimens agree with Street's account (Bull. 7, U. S. Nat. Mus., p. 67)
of Acanthurus triostegus in the color markings with the exception of those on the
tail. They also agree with specimens from Samoa in Jordan and Seale's collec-
tion labeled T. triostegus. All of our specimens have at least traces of a bar
across caudal peduncle and one across base of caudal fin. In most of them the
former bar is more distinct; in one instance the bar across base of caudal is
more distinct; in one instance the bar extends across caudal peduncle on one
side of the specimen and on the other side only partly so.
Teuthis umbra Jenkins.
BuU. U. S. Fish. Coram., 1903, 22, p. 477.
Two examples, Nos. 3181 and 3164, M. C. Z. 29677, 8i and 6i inches long,
from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
Comparing these specimens with a specimen from Hawaii, we find them
identical in color, except that the white on the base of the caudal is not so evident,
but it is very faint in the Hawaiian specimen. The profile between the snout
and front of eyes is a little more concave in our specimen ; the caudal fins are
similar in emargination.
For purposes of comparison we give the following measurements of our
specimens and of the Hawaiian specimen.
No. 3181 has, head 3.77 in length without caudal; depth 1.70; eye 4.09 in
head; snout 1.19; interorbital 2.81 ; dorsal IX, 25; anal III, 22.
No. 3164 has, head 3.68 in length; depth 1.66; eye 3.77 in head; snout
1,30; interorbital 2.83; dorsal IX, 25; anal III, 23,
TFAITHIDIDAE. 145
The Hawaiian specimen, 7? inches long, has head 3.60 in length; depth
1.70; eye 4.10 in head; snout 1.32; interorbital 2.82; pectoral 3.33; dorsal IX,
27; anal III, 23.
Ctenochaetus striatus (Quoy & Gaimaud).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comni., 190.''), 23, pt. 1, p. 399, fig. 174.
Acanlhurus slrialus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie. Zool., 1825, p. 373, pi. 63, fig. 3.
Thirteen specimens 3 to 4 inches long from Manga Reva, February 4, 1905.
M. C. Z. 29405 (3 specimens).
The dorsal varies from 29? to 3I2, and the anal from 272 to 292. These were
taken among the coral reefs. The following color note made by Mr. Chamber-
lain was in the bottle with the specimens : — " They are quite dark in color,
showing indistinct darker stripes, which are plainest on caudal region and back;
faint pale stripes show on dorsal and anal."
The bodies of the specimens show no stripes, but they are evident on the
fins; pectoral pale yellowish; the upper ray being margined with black; dorsal
and anal each have a narrow black margin. These fins are usually much darker
than body color, but in a few specimens they are about the same color; caudal
deeply lunate when spread, and appears forked when not spread, the upper and
lower rays being greatly produced, this fin is usually darker in color than the
body, the rays being darker than the membranes and in some instances the outer
rays are each margined with white, the lunate border shows in all the specimens
with a narrow margin of white.
Zebrasoma veliferum (Block).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 396, fig. 173.
Acanlhurus velifcr Bloch, Ausl. Fisehe, 1795, 9, p. 100. taf. 427, fig. 1.
One specimen 52 inches long. No. 3293, from Rikitea, Manga Reva.
Xesurus punctatus (Gill).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1695.
Priomirus punctatus Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1862, p. 242.
Three specimens, Nos. 3313, M. C. Z. 29630 and 3336-7, respectively 9i,
15 and 10 inches long from Acapulco.
Xesurus clarionis Gilbert & Starks.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1897, 19, p. 445, pi. 51. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898,
pt. 2, p. 1695.
Two specimens, Nos. 3211, 3212, M, C. Z. 29678, 13 and 7| inches long
from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
146 THE SHORE FISHES.
SIGANIDAE.
Siganus rostratus (Cuviee & Valenciennes).
JoRD.iN & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 360.
Amphicanlhus rostratus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 183.5, 10, p. 116 (1.58).
Two specimens 5 and 6i inches long from Manga Reva, coral. M. C. Z.
29431 (1 specimen).
SCORPAENIDAE.
Sebastopsis xyris Jordan & Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., 1882, 5, p. 369. Snodgra.ss & Heller, Proc. Wa.sh. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 414.
Fifteen specimens 2^ to 4j inches long from Chatham Island, Galapagos
near shore. M. C. Z. 29412 (5 specimens).
Scorpaena mystes Jordan & Starks.
Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, .scr. 2, 5, p. 491. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 161.
One specimen, No. 3213, M. C. Z. 29718, 12 inches long from Wreck Bay,
Chatham Island.
One specimen. No. 3375, 14i inches long from Acapulco.
? Scorpaena histrio Jenyns.
Zool. Voy. Beagle, Fish., 1842, pt. 4, p. 35, pi. S. Snodgbass & Heller, Proc. Wash. A cad. Sci.
1905, 6, p. 415.
One specimen I inches long from shore at Chatham Island.
GOBIIDAE.
Dormitator maculatus (Bloch).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2196
Sciaena maculala Bloch, .^usl. Fische, 1792, 6, p. 44, pi. 299, fig. 2.
Seven specimens if to 4^ inches long from one mile south of Panama City.
M. C. Z. 29426 (3 specimens).
Gynineleotris seminudus (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1S98, pt. 3, p. 2204.
Elcotris seminudus Guntuer, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 24, pi. 4. figs. 2, 2a.
One specimen \h inches long from Acapulco.
This is the second specimen of this species known. The Type is in the
British Museum.
In our specimen the well-defined cross-stripes are a little more regular than
shown in Giinther's figure.
GOBIIUAE. 147
Gobius rhizophora Hei.ler & Snodgrass.
Proc Wash. Arad. Sci., I'.KK. 5, p. 212, pi. 12.
Two specimens Ifg and Ij inches long from Chatham Island. M. C. Z.
29597.
These specimens have been compared with the Types of Gobius zebra,
which are very small individuals differing in coloration, having the dark cross-
bars narrow; the light interspaces, traversed mesially by a dark line, are broad;
in G. rhizophora the dark cross-bars are wide, the light interspaces narrow.
Gobius gilberti Heller & Snodgbass.
Proc. Wash., Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 214, pi. 13.
Two specimens, i and n inches long from Chatham Island. M. C. Z. 2959
(1 specimen).
Mapo soporator (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 416.
Gobius soparator Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1837, 12, p. 42 (56).
Nineteen specimens, i to 31 inches long from Chatham Island.
Forty-five specimens, rs to Sie inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
M. C. Z. 29391 (22 specimens).
Thirty-three specimens, le to Si inches long from Manga Reva. Two of
these have seven dorsal spines, the others have six. The following color note
was with part of the specimens from Manga Reva: — "Light brown shades;
spots pearly; brownish on dorsal and caudal; general shade very dependent
on character of bottom."
Kelloggella oligolepis (Jenkins).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1905, 23, pt. 1, p. 488, fig. 215.
Enypnias oligolepis Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., 1904, 22, p. 504, fig. 45.
Ten specimens i to 1? inches long from La Perouse Bay, Easter Island, shore.
M. C. Z. 29400 (1 specimen), M. C. Z. 29614 (4 specimens).
These specimens show some variation in the number and width of the
cross-bars. They have been compared with the Type from Honolulu and differ
from it in having pale vertical fins. The Type has blackish dorsal and dusky
caudal. One of the specimens recorded by Jordan and Evermann from Waianae,
Hawaii, has caudal faintly barred. We can not detect, on the Type, the few
small scales said to be on the posterior part of the body.
148
THE SHORE FISHES.
Gobiosoma crescentale Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1892, 14, p. 557. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 189S, pt. 3,
p. 2259.
Two specimens 2 and 2? inches long from Chatham Island, shore. M. C. Z.
29603 (1 specimen).
Proportional measurements of the two specimens.
Length to base of caudal
56 mm.
42 mm.
Head in length
3.73
3.50
Depth in length
6.22
6.
Eye in head
5.
5.33
Snout in head
5.
5.33
Pectoral in length
1.07
1.33
Ventral in length
1.36
1.33
Dorsal
VII-12
VII-12
Anal.
11.
11.
Color, gray, mottled with brown; sides of head with alternate brown and
pale bars; opercle pale with faint dark spots; pectoral light gray with a faint
crescent-shaped dark bar at base, preceded by a brighter area; dorsal and anal
gray, with a blackish edge to anal membrane anteriorly; caudal dusky with a
faint indication of crescent at base; ventral pale. The smaller specimen is
similarly colored with the markings more distinct. Some of the brown markings
on the body, especially anteriorly, tend to form irregular pairs of cross-bars.
DACTYLOSCOPIDAE.
Gillelus rubellulus, sp. nov.
Plate 6, fig. 3.
Type No. 65510, U. S. N. M., 2x6 inches long, from Chatham Island.
Lower jaw somewhat projecting; maxillary reaching to a line from poste-
rior margin of orbit; both lips with a small fringe; anterior nostril small, tubu-
lar; opercular fringes well developed, nine in number; teeth in each jaw in a
band in front, narrowing posteriorly; anterior portion of lateral line running
along base of dorsal (one row of scales between it and base of fin) and descending
downward to middle of side opposite last un jointed ray.
The rays of the ventral fin are connected by a thin transparent membrane.
Color in alcohol: — ground color pale straw tinged above with pinkish;
head, back, and sides thickly spotted and blotched with pearly white; lips
DACTYLOSCOPIDAE.
149
white with four narrow cross-bands; a narrow longitudinal black bar across
eye through pupil, extending on to preorbital; scatt(>red black dots on head;
four small black dots in a row across nape at the junction of the occiput; back
with five broad cross-bars of pink, thickly punctulated with brown, narrowly
margined in front and back with dark brown, ending about middle of sides in
large specimens, in smaller extending nearer ventral surface; the first extending
from posterior part of first dorsal to the pectoral; the second beginning about
middle of second dorsal and extending but slightly below lateral line; third
beginning opposite posterior part of second dorsal and ending about middle of
side; fourth beginning about middle of third dorsal and extending to lateral
line; fifth extending across base of caudal; first dorsal pink; second and third
translucent with black dots on each ray; anal pale translucent; pectoral has a
row of black spots extending about half across fin and situated about 3 of the
distance from base to tip of fin; caudal with about four faint cross-bars. Second
specimen similarly colored; interspaces between bands with scattered brown
dots ; rays of outer half of pectoral with a few black spots ; the second cross-bar
extending to about middle of body; the third nearly to anal, the fourth almost
touching anal. The third specimen has no brown spots on body; the cross-
bars extend to the middle line of body. The smallest specimen is colored like
the third except that the fourth cross-bar extends nearly to the anal.
Proportional measurements.
Type
Cotype
Cotype
Cotype
Total length in inches
2.31
1.9 +
■1.69
1.5
Length of base of caudal in mm.
50
42
38
35
Head
4.16
3.81
3.80
4.37
Depth
5.55
5.25
5.42
5.38
Eye
6.
5.50
5.00
4.00
Snout
6.
5.50
5.00
4.00
Interorbital
8.57
11.
6.66
8.00
Maxillary
2.4
2.44
2.50
2.18
Dorsal
III-XV, 15
III-XV, 17
III-XV, 16
III-XV, 17
Anal
11,28
11,27
11,27
II, 27
Scales
23+3 + 16
22+3 + 16
21+3 + 16
23+3 + 16
Dactyloscopus pectoralis Gill.
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1861, p. 267. Jordan & Evehmann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3,
p. 2301.
Three specimens Ig to Ij inches long from Chatham Island, shore. M. C. Z.
29615 (1 specimen).
150 THE SHORE FISHES.
Measurements of largest specimen were as follows: — Head 3.8 in body
without caudal, 4.19 in total length; depth 6.15 in body without caudal, 6.76 in
total length; eye equal to interorbital, 10.5 in head; breadth of head at its
junction with nape 1.9 in length of head; maxillary 3.00 in head; dorsal XII,
25, the first three dorsal rays free, without membrane, the 4th provided with a
membranejoiningittobaseof 5th; A. 11,28; scales in lateraUine 12+4+26 = 42.
Both lips are strongly fringed, anterior nostrils are placed on edge of pre-
orbital, with long tubes, which, when depressed, reach nearly to orbit; opercle
with about ten rays or cilia.
Color in alcohol: — (specimen was somewhat dried). Head above white,
a narrow, wavy dark line extending from back of eye downward and backward
to edge of preopercle; another fainter line from lower front of eye, downward
and backward to behind corner of mouth; body straw colored; a large quadrate
brown spot on nape, from this a series of brown spots extend downward across
interopercle ; back, along base of dorsal, white; a small brown spot on each side
of nape; six small quadrate brown spots at the base of the dorsal, the last one
being above the 18th scale of the straight portion of the lateral line; pectoral
with two faint dusky cross-bars, one near base, other near middle of fin, rest of
fin whitish; other fins yellowish translucent.
The second specimen has, D. XII, 24; A. II, 26; scales 12 + 4 + 26; it has
general straw color of preceding, markings similar; seven quadrate spots along
base of dorsal ; a faint spot at base of caudal ; some of the scales on intermediate
spaces margined with brown ; some of the scales along the lateral line, anteriorly,
punctulate with brown ; pectoral without cross-bars.
Thesmallestspecimenhas, D.XII, 24; A. 11,27; scales 12 + 4 + 26; colora-
tion similar to preceding; seven quadrate spots; no dusky spots on interspaces
between quadrate spots; no punctulations along scales of lateral line; pectoral
plain.
These specimens have a longer head and more dorsal rays than given in
description of D. pectoralis, but seem to agree with tlie latter in other respects.
BLENNIIDAE.
Enneanectes carminalis (Jordan & Gilbert).
.Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 189S, pt. .3, p. 23.50.
Triplerygium carminale Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 4, p. 362.
One specimen Ij inches long from Acapulco.
Dorsal III-XII-9; anal II, 16; scales 33.
BLENNIIDAE. 151
General color in alcohol, dull reddish brown; muzzle, s^'lar region and
gill-membranes pale; a short dusky bar from eye downward and backward to
tip of maxillary; diffuse dusky blotch on opercle; scales with dusky margin;
five broad dark brown cross-bars on body, the first extending from front of
second dorsal, third from front of soft dorsal, fourth from just anterior to
posterior end of soft dorsal; fifth across caudal i^eduncle; on the interspaces
between second and third and third and fourth cross-bars a narrow dusky line
extending downward from lateral line, and between fourth and fifth a narrow
dusky cross-bar; membrane of first dorsal and anterior part of second dorsal
black, rest of dorsal fins pale; ventrals pale; pectorals pale with about five broad
faint dusky wavy cross-bars; anal pale, membrane broken and gone; caudal
pale with a narrow dusky bar across base, followed by a diffuse dusky blotch,
and a broad jet black terminal margin.
We also have seven other small specimens M to f| inch long from Acapulco,
anal rays 16 and 17. M. C. Z. 29587 (4 specimens).
The general color is pale straw. Five of these have three black spots with
white centres on the top of head, one of the spots is behind each eye and one of
occiput just before first dorsal; another (the smallest) has the three black dots
similarly situated but^without the white centre; another (the largest) has but
one black spot, it is on the occiput and lacks the white centre; a short black
cross-bar at posterior base of isthmus in front of ventral, another on belly just
back of base of ventral; a black dot at base of each soft dorsal ray and two on
top of caudal peduncle and two on its lower edge; base of each anal ray black,
this color joined to the ray behind it by a black line; a black line across base of
caudal.
The largest of these seven specimens shows traces of dusky bars on caudal
fin.
Jordan and Evermann (loc. cit.) state that the anal is II, 11 (misprinted II,
17) in the original description. This could not be verified from the fact that
the Type can not be found. The present specimens, if correctly identified, show
that the original count was probably correct.
Malacoctenus delalandii (Cuviek & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mas., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2358.
Clinus delalandii Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1836, 11, p. 279 (378).
One specimen 2i inches long from Perico Island, pool.
One specimen, M. C. Z. 29607, In inches long from Acapulco.
152 THE SHORE FISHES.
Malacoctenus zonogaster Heller & Snodgrass.
Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 217, pi. 6.
Thirty-two specimens if to 3^ inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
M. C. Z. 29410 (12 specimens).
Labrisomus jenkinsi Heller & Snodghass.
Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 190.5, 5, p. 219, pi. 16.
One specimen, 4 inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
The dorsal XIX, 11; vomerine series of teeth extend back for a short
distance on to the palatines. Numerous small brown spots on under side of
head and throat. This specimen was found with Alticus atlanticus.
Mnierpes macrocephalus (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2364.
CHjius macrocephalus Gunther, Cat., 1861, 3, p. 267.
Nine specimens 2 to 4? inches long from Perico Island, Panama Bay, in
one fathom. M. C. Z. 29424 (.3 specimens).
Two specimens 3g to 3^ inches long from Toboguilla Island, under a stone,
eighteen feet from waters at low tide.
Aucbenopterus monoptbalmus Gunther.
Cat., 1861, 3, p. 275. Gilbert & St.\rks, Mem. Cal. Acad, Sci., 1904, 4, p. 189.
Three specimens if to li inches long from Perico Island, October 25, 1904.
M. C. Z. 29598 (1 specimen).
? Emmnion bristolae Jordan.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1897, 19, p. 454, pi. 55, fig. 1.
Many young specimens i to I inch long from Acapulco, attracted by using
electric light. M. C. Z. 29604.
These specimens cannot be positively identified but they have the appear-
ance and fin-ray counts described by Jordan and the lateral line is straight and
runs near the back. The species has not been reported since the original record.
It is possible that they are the young of some other blenny.
Runula azalea Jordan & Bollman.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 12, p. 171. .Snodqrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 419.
Nine specimens l| to 2g inches long from Acapulco, shore. M. C. Z. 29609
(2 specimens).
BLENNIIDAE. 153
The following note was with these specimens: — "Stripe on back bright
yellow; first dorsal red ; belly pinkish. In large schools, abundant about rocks."
In these specimens the anal has uniformly 29 rays.
Two specimens if and ll inches long from Acapulco.
Three specimens if and 2| inches long from Chatham Islands, shore.
M. C. Z. 29599 (1 specimen).
Dialommus fuscus Gilbeut.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1891, 13, p. 452. Jordan & Evebmann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3,
p. 2868.
Two specimens, 2h and 21 inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
The "oblique pigmented band" of the eye is more nearly vertical than in
Anableps. One specimen, M. C. Z. 29611, lie inches long from Perico Island,
tide pool.
Enneapterygius corallicola, sp. no v.
Plate 7, fig. 1.
Two specimens In and In inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
Type, No. 65484, U. S. Nat. Mus., In inches long, from Chatham Island.
Head 3.44 in length; depth 4.76; eye 3; snout 3.50; maxillary 2.25; dorsal
III-XV, 13; anal 23; scales 29 + 10.
In the In inch specimen, M. C. Z. 29492, the dorsal is III-XV-14; anal 23,
scales 27 + 12.
Each specimen has a small simple nasal cirrus and a larger simple ocular
cirrus.
Color brownish gray; a dark line downward from eye across cheek; a
broad dark bar from posterior part of eye to margin of opercle, widest posteri-
orly; back light brown with five indistinct pairs of dark brown cross-bars ex-
tending to about middle of side, most intense ventrally and coalescing below
lateral line; dorsal pale with faint longitudinal stripes, widest on spinous dorsal;
anal membrane dusky, rays yellowish; pectoral straw colored, a diffuse black
blotch at base, faint dark bar across middle, tip somewhat dusky; caudal trans-
lucent with faint dusky cross-bars; first dorsal black. The small specimen has
same coloration as preceding except that it has no cross-bar on pectoral. Teeth
in both jaws in villiform bands at least two enlarged teeth on lower jaw ante-
riorly. Scales ctenoid; pectoral scaly at base, scales extending some distance on
fin.
154 THE SHORE FISHES
Alticus atlanticus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Snodgkass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 419.
Salarias atlanticus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. PoLss., 1836, 11, p. 238 (321).
Five specimens if to Sf inches long from Chatham Island, shore. M. C. Z.
29447 (2 specimens).
In the smallest specimen the cross-bars on the body are distinct; the upper
two thirds and the inner base of pectoral is much lighter than the ground color.
Alticus striatus (Quoy & Gaimard).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 423.
Salarias stnalus Quoy & Gaimard, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1836, 11, p. 228 (309).
Two specimens, M. C. Z. 29436, 2n and 2n inches long from Easter Island,
shore.
The large female specimen with eggs gives the following measurements: —
head 4.41 in length; eye 4.80 in head; interorbital 2 in eye; ocular tentacle,
acutely triangular, fringed on one side; nasal cirrus palmate; a simple cirrus on
each side of nape at junction of occiput; upper lip with lobate margin; large
hooked teeth posteriorly in each jaw; dorsal XII-15, not extending on to the
caudal; anal 16, with one papilla in front; no crest.
Color in alcohol, head light brownish, with purplish area on upper posterior
part of cheek; a faint dusky, short band-like area at corner of mouth; broad
faint dusky bar from front part of each eye across lip, and one midway between;
an oblong black spot on side of head, behind eye and directed upward and back-
ward, apparently ocellated in life; no bands or spots evident on throat or gill-
membranes; faint brownish saddle-like bar across back at insertion of spinous
dorsal, not extending down to pectoral; seven pairs of dark brown bars, some-
what interrupted, on the side of the body, the fourth pair situated under the
notch between the dorsals, one of the pairs extending down from posterior part
of spinous dorsal, another from origin of soft dorsal; pectoral translucent, punc-
tulate with dusky, most intense on lower rays; ventrals pale, finely punctulate
with dusky; spinous dorsal translucent, finely punctulate with dusky, in large
rather indefinite spots, approximating two rows, those near the outer margin
to some extent coalescing and forming an irregular dusky inframarginal band,
margin pale; soft dorsal translucent, finely and faintly punctulate, about three
blackish spots on each ray forming about nine or ten downward and backward
series or partial series of spots; anal similar in appearance to spinous dorsal;
caudal plain translucent with about seven small blackish spots on each ray
BLENNIIDAE. 155
forming wavy cross series. The other specimen, a male 2^ inches long taken
at the same place and time has similar coloration; dorsal XII-14; anal lG+2;
papillae in front. We have four other specimens 1^ to 2i5 inches long from
Easter Island, shore.
The 2ts inch specimen is a female with eggs, has no crest, and dorsal XII-14;
anal 1, 16.
Another 2ys inches long, a female with eggs, no crest; dorsal XII-15; anal
1, 16.
Another 2fs inches long, a female with eggs, no crest; dorsal XII-14; anal
1, 16.
A male 21 inches long, from Samoa and identified by Jordan and Scale as
A. striatus, has practically the same coloration except that the markings on the
fins are a little coarser and darker and there are white streaks on under part
of head (throat) converging backward. This specimen gives the following
measurements, head 4.36 in length; depth 5.54; eye 4 in head; interorbital 2.33
in eye; a fringed tentacle on top of eye; nostril tentacle palmate; a simple
tentacle on each side of nape; dorsal XII-16; anal 1, 18.
We have compared the type of A. thalassinus Jordan and Scale with our
specimens and cannot find that it differs. The Tj^pe is a young fish and con-
siderably faded, but there are evident traces of the color markings of A . striatus,
and it agrees in all other respects.
Alticus periophthalmus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Seale, BuU. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 422.
Salarias periophthalmus Ctrv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1836, 11, p. 311.
Two specimens 1 and 4^ inches long from Manga Reva, outer reef. M. C. Z.
29551 (1 specimen).
The following color note was in bottle with specimen: — "General color
yellowish, large blotches brown, small spots red-brown, eye red-brown, dashes
on sides pearly, with black margins."
Alticus variolosus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Jordan & Seale, BuU. U. S. Biir. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 424.
Salarias variolosus Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1836, 11, p. 235 (317).
Three specimens 2? to 4g inches long from Easter Island, shore. M. C. Z.
29539 (1 specimen).
One specimen li| inches long from La Perouse Bay, Easter Island, shore.
156 THE SHORE FISHES.
Alticus biseriatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes).
Salarias biserialm Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1828, 11, p. 316 (2.34). Gu.n-ther, Fische der Sudsee,
1877, 6, p. 208.
Plate 7, fig. 2.
Six specimens Ig to 2^ inches long from Manga Reva. M. C. Z. 29408
(2 specimens).
The following cqlor note in bottle with specimens: — "General color
brownish; spots below 1st dorsal dark brown; black on crest and fins, lighter
vermiculations under second dorsal, pearly."
The largest specimen, a male, 2u inches long, has the following measure-
ments:— Head 4.5 in total length without caudal; depth 5.75; eye 4.00 in
head; D. XII, 20; A. 22; soft dorsal separate from caudal fin; interorbital
very narrow; ocular cirrus long and fringed on both sides; nasal cirrus small
and simple; none on nape; crest well developed.
Color in alcohol, head purplish gray above, very light below, the gray of top
of head extending as narrowing streaks across the cheeks, gill-membranes and
opercles; two streaks starting at lower posterior margin of eye, extending
obliquely backward, uniting behind corner of mouth into a single dark line; a
dark line from each corner of mouth on throat, converging posteriorly but not
quite meeting; in front of these two similar lines meeting; about eight narrow
dark lines or bars across upper lip; crest blue-gray with twelve or fourteen small
round black spots on its posterior two thirds and one on anterior portion, a jet
black pale edged margin above the posterior spots; pectoral pale, finely punctu-
late with dusky ; spinous dorsal gray with about six large, poorly defined brown
spots along base, and a broad irregular brown narrowly pale edged margin,
membranes with numerous small brown spots and dots; soft dorsal grayish
with a margin similar to spinous dorsal and numerous narrow white lines run-
ning obliquely downward and forward; anal pale at base, outer two thirds
dusky; caudal with a brown spot at base of middle rays, base of caudal other-
wise yellowish, remainder translucent, crossed about its middle with a broad
faint brown bar, the lower rays and terminal margin broadly dusky; belly plain
white; back and sides, anterior margins of soft dorsal and anal gray with num-
erous round brownish spots, around which the ground color makes pale vermicu-
lations; about four pairs of broad irregular brown cross-bars on body under
soft dorsal and on caudal peduncle; commencing just back of a point above the
origin of anal is a longitudinal series of short white lines and spots which termi-
BLENNIIDAE. 157
nate at lower edge of brown caudal spot; between this series and the soft dorsal
are numerous round white spots and vermiculate white lines.
A female 2n inches long has the following measurements: — head 4.54 in
total length without caudal; depth 5.55; eye 4.05 in head; dorsal XII, 20; anal
II, 20; interorbital very narrow; ocular cirrus long and fringed on both sides;
nasal cirrus comparatively long and simple; no cirrus on nape; crest well de-
veloped.
Color of head and body very similar to that of the male, but on the middle
of the under lip there are two short converging lines; pectoral, ventral, anal, and
caudal pale, but finelj^ punctulate with dusky; caudal having a yellowish area
and brown spots at its base; 1st and 2nd dorsal similar to those of male, but
much paler.
Of the remaining four specimens three are females having dorsal XII, 19
and anal ii, 20, the two anterior represented by the ii being shorter than the
others, the first papilla-like, and separated from the rest of the fin; the second
connected by a membrane and may be considered a ray.
The fourth and smallest specimen is a male having dorsal XII, 20 and anal
ii, 21, the anterior of which is a simple papilla and the second a short ray con-
nected by a membrane to the rest of the fin.
These specimens agree perfectly with the description of Salarias biseriatus
Cuvier and Valenciennes {loc. cit.) and the description and figure by Kner in
Novara Reise Fische, 1865, p. 197, taf. 8, fig. 4, with the exception that both of
these authors state that there are no posterior canine teeth on the lower jaw;
the present specimens possess large canine teeth, although their location is such
that they might be easily overlooked. Dr. Steindachner has kindly sent us
one of Kner's specimens taken at Tahiti. Upon examination we find that it
possesses large canines well back in the mouth but in such a position as to be
easily overlooked. It is a female without crest, containing well-developed eggs.
Specimens in the Reserve Series of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries have been
misidentified as Salarias biseriatus by Jordan and Scale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish.
1906, 25, p. 427. These we describe as
Alticus margaritatus, sp. nov.
Plate 7, fig. 3, Plate 8, fig. 1.
Twenty-seven specimens | to 2| inches long from Pago Pago, Samoa.
The Type, No. 65409 U. S. N. M., a male 2| inches long has the following measure-
ments: Head 4.66 in total length without caudal; depth 5.35; eye 4.51 in head; dorsal
XII, 18; anal 21.
158 THE SHORE FISHES.
Canines present, orbital cirrus developed only on right side, comparatively long with
very short fringes; nasal cirrus on left side simple, on right side with two short branches at
base; no cirri on nape; crest long, of moderate height, extending from between eyes almost
to first dorsal; dorsal deeply notched; first slightly connected with second by membrane;
first dorsal with rather high flexible spines, but somewhat lower than soft dorsal; anal con-
siderably lower than soft dorsal; dorsal and anal entirely separate from caudal.
General color warm brown, paler on belly; head with a slight purplish tinge, darker
on snout and lips; only a slight trace of cross-bars; numerous small pale pearly spots, most
numerous posteriorly, below median line forming a longitudinal series arranged more or
less in pairs; above the median line these having no regular arrangement; larger pale areas
on body above anal base. Crest on head dark brown, thickly dotted with small pearly or
bluish spots; pectoral dark brown; spinous dorsal dark brown with a series of large oblique
oblong black spots, one on each interspinous membrane; second dorsal dark brown with
numerous narrow pale, very oblique streaks running upward and backward, their widths
about equal to the interspaces, barely perceptible to the naked eye; caudal dark brown,
appearing almost black to the naked eye; anal dark brown, with darker margin; ventral
short, black.
A cotype, a female 2jg inches long has following measurements: — head 4.25 in total
length without caudal; depth about .5. ; eye 4. .50 in head; dorsal XII, IS; anal i, 20. Cirrus
above eyes quite long and strongly fringed; a short simple cirrus above each anterior nostril;
no cirrus on nape; crest low, shorter than in male, commencing above posterior margin of
eye and extending to junction of nape with occiput.
General body color paler than in male; about six pairs of faintly defined dark brown cross-
bars; the pearly spots are more distinct than in male and more numerous anteriorly; those
at base of anal scarcely discernible; head covered with small dusky spots; crest without
white dots; vertical fins paler than in male; large black spots present only on first and
second interspinous membranes; soft dorsal similar to that of male but paler; anal paler,
each ray tipped with white; caudal lighter than in male; pectoral dusky olive; ventral pale,
punctulated with dusky dots.
Younger individuals much paler, cro,ss-bars and spots becoming more distinct; some with
an oblong dusky spot behind eye. The smaller specimens have no crest. The fin-ray counts
in these specimens run as follows: — dorsal XII-XIII, 17 to 18; anal 19 to 21.
Salarias lineatus Cdviek & V.\lenciennes.
Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1836, 11, p. 2:i2 (314). Jord.a.n & Seale, Bull. U. S, Bur. Fish,, 1906, 25, p. 426.
Four specimens, three of them females 3? to ii inches long and one male
4| inches long, all from Manga Reva, Paumotus. M. C. Z. 29537 (2 specimens).
The following color note was found with these: — "General color brownish
slate; stripes pale greenish, black and white margins on the soft dorsal, the
brown stippling [on] caudal parts."
Salarias edentulus (Bloch & Schneider).
GuNTHER, Fische der Sudsee, 1877, 6, p. 206, pi. 117, fig. A.
Blennius edentulus Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 1801, p. 172.
Thirty-nine specimens, Ij to 4s inches long from Manga Reva. M. C. Z.
29422 (9 specimens).
BATRACHOIDIDAE. 159
The following color note was found with these specimens: — "Those with
crest, bars slate light green, belly white, lips and chin darker. Tip of anal rays
pale slate, membrane nearly black. In some, brown verniiculations over green
bars. Those without crest — similar to others, with dark brown spots on
caudal portion and dorsal and anal fin."
These specimens bear out the conclusions of Giinther {loc. cil.) regarding
the sex of this species and the identity of S. edentulus and S. rivulatus. Eleven
of these are adult males 3ii to 4n inches long, possessing the color of S. rivulatus
and the crest on the head.
Twenty-three of these, 2h to 4s inches long are adult females, of these
twenty are without a crest, or with a slight indication of cre^t, the remaining
three, which are the largest have a low but distinct crest. These conform in
color with S. edentulus. There are five young individuals Ij to Ig inches long,
which do not show any crest, and the coloration is not easily made out. All of
the above of both sexes in addition to the fringed cilia on the nostril and the
simple one above the eye, have one on each side of the nape close to the occiput.
BROTULIDAE.
Ogilbia ventralis (Gill).
Jordan & Eveemann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 250.3.
Broxmophycis ventralis Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1863, p. 253.
Two specimens 2h and 3| inches long from Acapulco. M. C. Z. 29541
(1 specimen).
The statement by Jordan and Evermann (loc. cit.) that the snout is 7 in
head must be a mistake as Gill gives it as 5 and from an examination of his Types
and of our specimens it is found to be 4? to 5, depending somewhat on the size
of the specimen.
Petrotyx hopkinsi Heller & Snodoka.ss.
Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 222, pi. 18.
One specimen 51 inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
BATRACHOIDIDAE.
Batrachoides pacific! (Gijnther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2314.
Batrachus pacifici GtJNTHER, Cat., 1861, 3, p. 173.
Two examples, Nos. 3140, 3141, M. C. Z. 29712, 85 and 11 inches long from
Panama Bay.
160 THE SHORE FISHES.
GOBIESOCIDAE.
Gobiesox erythrops Jordan & Gilbert.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 4, p. 360.
One specimen Is inches long from Chatiiam Island.
Arbaciosa truncata Heller & Snodgrass.
Proc. Wa.sh. Acad. Sci., 1903, 5, p. 216, pi. 14.
Twenty-one specimens, Its to I4 inches long from Chatham Island, shore.
These specimens agree very well with the original description except that
the prevailing ground color of the back is reddish brown instead of olive-yellow.
The character of the teeth is as stated by Heller and Snodgrass, the principal
difference between this species and A. zebra.
Arbaciosa zebra (.Jordan & Gilbert).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2341.
Gobiesox zebra Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, 4, p. 359.
Seven specimens u to In inches long from Toboguilla Island, M. C. Z.
29602 (2 specimens).
ECHENEIDIDAE.
Echeneis remora LiNNi).
Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 17.58, p. 260.
Two specimens, Nos. 3205, M. C. Z. 29714, 3206, 65 to 7| inches long from
Station 4715, Lat. 2°, 40.4' S., Long. 90°, 19.3' W., taken from a shark.
PLEURONECTIDAE.
Platophrys constellatus Jordan.
Rept. U. S. Fish. Comm. for 1886, 1889, p. 264, 266.
Number 3288, a deformed specimen lacking caudal and caudal peduncle,
75 inches long, from Manga Reva.
? Platophrys leopardinus (GOnther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2666.
Rhomboidichthya leopardinus Gunther, Cat., 1862, 4, p. 434.
Plate 8, fig. 2.
Sixteen specimens, larval forms, ranging in length from 5 to iH inches, from
the surface at Station 4640, Lat. 0°, 39.4' N.; Long. 88°, 11' W.
SOLEIDAE. 161
Anoth(>r specimen, M. C. Z. 29605, 9^ inches long from Station 4588, Lat.
19°, 52' N.; Long. 106°, 22' W.
Another specimen 1 inch long from Station 4714, Lat. 4°, 19' S. ; Long. 91°,
28.5: W. Dorsal 92; anal 65.
One specimen u inches long from Station 4644, Lat. 2°, 13.3' S.; Long. 89°,
42.2' W. Dorsal 87; anal 08.
One specimen h inches long from Station 4716, Lat. 2°, 18.5' S.; Long.
90°, 2.6' W. Dorsal 87; anal 65.
One specimen 1? inches long from Station 4592, Lat. 18° 20' N.; Long.
103°, 40' W.
One specimen, I inch long from Station 4611, Lat. 10° 33' N.; Long. 88°, 30'
W.
These specimens ranging gradually from 2 to li^ inches have the eyes sym-
metrical. The eyes are just as symmetrical in the largest as in the smallest
and the structure of the specimens superficially shows no great difference in the
various sizes. Dorsal 86 to 90; anal 65 to 68. These specimens are provision-
ally identified with this species, mainly because they agree in dorsal fin ray
counts more closely than with P. consiellatus, the other species recorded from
the Galapagos Islands. They show no color markings or pigmentation.
SOLEIDAE.
Achirus mazatlanus (Steindacuner).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 505.
Solea mazallanus Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1869, 60, p. 267.
One specimen, 4i inches long from Panama Market, October 28, 1904.
Depth 1.60 in length without caudal; head 3.5; gape 2.95 in head; eye 10.2;
interorbital 1 in eye; scales about 70; dorsal 57; anal 45; pectoral 5, middle
ray about twice as long as the others; no pectoral on blind side; two ventrals,
each consisting of five rays, that on the eyed side on the ridge and continuous
with anal, somewhat lower on other side and not continuous; upper and lower
margins of caudal rounded, the rays graduated in length from the base to the
fifth ray, in each margin, the fourth and fifth rays longest and produced some-
what beyond the straight terminal margin of the fin; each caudal lobe about
1.33 in head; middle ray 1.55 in head; longest dorsal ray 1.75 in head; longest
anal ray 1.7 in head; these longest dorsal and anal rays are posterior to middle
of body which gives the fish an ovate outline. Developed scales about seventy,
strongly ctenoid on body, and vertical fins and on both sides of fish. Scales of
162 THE SHORE FISHES.
the eyed side of head ctenoid, those of other side, when present, merely ciliated;
opercle and posterior and inferior borders of preopercle scaleless, except about
three rows on upper posterior edge of opercle; head everywhere on eyed side
thickly covered with fine pale ciUa; lower lip with a fringe of large cilia; Wind
side of head in front with low, strongly ciliated folds or flaps; numerous fine
cilia everywhere on the eyed side, anteriorly some of them black, more numerous
on the rays of the fins; on blind side cilia are not so numerous on body, groups
of them are arranged along the lateral line.
Color on eyed side, dark gray, body crossed by faint, fine, hardly distin-
guishable dusky lines; vertical fins and caudal gradually darker toward margin,
with a narrow pale margin ; blind side of head and body white.
This specimen agrees closely with A. mazatlanus, differing only in the form
of the caudal, which is slightly lunate. This character alone and in but one
specimen is scarcely sufficient to justify the description of a new species.
Achirus klunzingeri (Steindachner).
Jordan & Everm.oin, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2697.
Solea klunzingeri Steindachner, Denk. K. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1880, 42, p. 96, pi. 9, fig. 3.
No. 3138, a specimen 5| inches long from Panama.
Dorsal 61; anal 46; ventral 5; pectoral 6.
Achirus fonsecensis (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 3, p. 2699.
Solea fonsecensis Gunther, Cat., 1862, 4, p. 47.5.
No. 3139, a specimen 75 inches long from Panama.
Dorsal 58; anal 42; ventral 5; pectoral 3, much shorter than eye.
Symphurus atramentatus Jordan & Bollman.
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1890, 12, p. 177. SNODGR.-iss & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 423.
Plate 8, fig. 3.
One specimen 1.62 inches long from Station 4640, Lat. 0°, 39.4' N.; Long.
88°, 11' W., taken at surface. This Station is near Galapagos Islands. We
provisionally identify the specimen with this species. The identification is not
at all certain and is made solely because the species has been recorded from the
Galapagos and because it agrees very well in vertical fin rays, the dorsal having
100 and anal 80 rays.
It is a larval form without color-markings; the eye has apparently just
BALISTIDAE. 163
begun its migration from the right to the left side, and what appears to be a
yolk-sac i.s not absorbed. It would almost seem that such a large larval form
must be abnormal.
BALISTIDAE.
Batistes capistratus 8uaw.
Gen. Zool., 1804, 5, p. 417. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, p(. 2, p. 1701.
One specimen, No. 3322, 10| inches long from Acapulco has the following
counts: — Orbit 4.29 in snout; D. III-31; A. 29; scales 57.
Another specimen, No. 3323, 65 inches long from the same locality has orbit
3.27 in snout; D. III-31; A. 28; scales 65.
One specimen, No. 3116, M. C. Z. 29716, 13? inches long from Perico Island,
Bay of Panama:
Head from upper end of gill-opening to tip of snout including upper lip,
2.89 in length, not including upper lip 3.08; snout measured from orbit not
including upper lip 1.28 in head; orbit 4.62 in snout; dorsal III-31 ; anal 29;
scales from upper end of gill-opening to scale ending on caudal 53; transverse
scales from front of anal to front of dorsal 38, counting upward and backward to
middle of soft dorsal 29.
Another specimen. No. 3117, M. C. Z. 29628, 9| inches long from Perico
Island :
Head including upper lip 2.76 in length, not including upper lip 3; snout
without upper lip 1.40 in head; orbit 5.68 in snout; D. III-32; A. 29; scales in
longitudinal series 64; in transverse series, from front of anal to front of dorsal 39.
One specimen, No. 3129, M. C. Z. 29661, lOg inches long from Toboguilla
Island, Bay of Panama has orbit in snout 4.30; D. III-30; A. 28; scales 64.
Another specimen. No. 3131, 82 inches long from Toboguilla Island, has
orbit 3.53 in snout; D. III-31; A. 28; scales in longitudinal series 58.
A third specimen. No. 3130, 7i inches long from Toboguilla Island, has
orbit 3.45 in snout; D. III-32; A. 28; scales 64.
A fourth specimen 4| inches long from Toboguilla Island, among coral in
two fathoms of water, has D. 31 ; A. 29; scales 63. M. C. Z. 29557 (1 specimen).
No. 3116 from Perico Island and No. 3322 from Acapulco have the band
encircling the snout very distinct ; in the other specimens it is faded.
Balistes naufragium Jordan & Starks.
Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 488.
One specimen. No. 3115, 9 inches long, from Perico Island, Panama Bay.
D. III-26; A. 24; scales 50.
164 THE SHORE FISHES.
Canthidermis angulosus (Qdoy & Gaimard).
?Snodgrass & Heller, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1905, 6, p. 407.
Balistes angulosus QuoY & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie. Zool., 1824, p. 210.
One specimen || inches long from Station 4619, Lat. 7°, 15' N.; Long. 82°,
8' W.
D. III-21; A. 20; scales about 45.
Color dark brown, small pale white spots scattered over body; pectoral
yellowish; dorsal and anal yellowish with dark brown base; caudal pale yellowish.
Two specimens h and jf inches long from Station 4619, Lat. 7°, 15' N.;
Long. 82°, 8' W. M. C. Z. 29586 (2 specimens).
One specimen 1b inches long from Station 4594, Lat. 17°, 20' N.; Long.
101°, 32' W.
Balistes adspersus Tschudi (Fauna Peruana, Icthyology, 1845, p. 31) is
probably this species.
Xanthichthys lineopunctatus (Holland).
Jordan & Ever.manxV, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comin., 1903, 23, p. 416, fig. 182.
Balistes lineopunctatus Holland, Ann. Sci. Nat., 1854, ser. 4, 1, p. 65.
Three specimens, Nos. 3175-77, respectively Ss, 64 and 78 inches long, and
another 7| inches long, from Cook Bay, Easter Island. M. C. Z. 29374 (1
specimen).
The specimen Ti inches long was taken in fourteen fathoms of water.
No. 3175, M. C. Z. 29627, has 30 dorsal rays; 27 anal rays; 50 scales
in longitudinal series and 23 in transverse series counted from front of anal to
first dorsal.
No. 3176 has 30 dorsal rays and 28 anal rays.
No. 3177 has 29 dorsal rays and 26 anal rays.
MONACANTHIDAE.
Monacanthus cirrhifer Temminck & Schlegel.
Temminck & Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1850, p. 290, pi. 1.30, fig. 1.
No. 3199, a specimen 6| inches long from Cook Bay, Easter Island.
This specimen agrees fairly well with the description and figure of this
species given by Temminck & Schlegel (loc. cit.) and by Jordan and Fowler,
Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 25, p. 264.
Head 3 in length; depth from front of dorsal to tip of ventral spine 1.72,
TICTRAODONTIDAE. 165
from soft dorsal to front of anal 2.26; snout 1.17 in head; orbit 4.6; dorsal spine
2.3, and reaching half way from its base to soft dorsal; dorsal I, 35; anal 32.
Color dark brown with very faint traces of cross-bars; dorsal spine banded;
soft dorsal and anal yellowish; caudal darker than body; broad l)ars across chin,
throat and snout.
OSTRACIIDAE.
Ostracion tuberculatum LiNNfi.
Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1758, p. 331. Jordan it Se.m.e, Hull. U. S. Bur. Fi.sh., 190.i, 25, p. 367.
Two specimens 5 and Sie inches long from Manga Reva. M. C. Z. 29696
(1 specimen).
TETRAODONTIDAE.
Spheroides angusticeps (Jenyns).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1731.
Tetrodon angusticeps Jenyns, Zool. Voy. Beagle. Fish, 1842, pt. 4, p. 154, pi. 28.
Two examples, No. 3251, 3252, M. C. Z. 29664, respectively 12 and IO5
inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
Spheroides lobatus (Steindachner).
Jordan, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1895, ser. 2, 5, p. 490.
Canlhoga<iter ''lobatus Steindachner, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Wien, 1870, 61, p. 18, pi. 5, fig. 3.
One specimen 2| inches long from Toboguilla Island, two fathoms of water
among coral.
Spheroides annulatus (Jenyns).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1735.
Tetrodon annulatus Jenyns, Zool. Voy. Beagle. Fish, 1842, pt. 4, p. 153.
One specimen 8^ inches long, off Perico Island, Panama Bay in six feet of
water.
Three specimens. No. 3208-3210, M. C. Z. 29657, respectively 111, 8s and
12 inches long from Wreck Bay, Chatham Island.
Spheroides formosus (Gunther).
Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1736.
Tetrodon formosus GOnther, Cat., 1870, 8, p. 283.
One specimen 9 inches long from Panama Bay.
Two specimens 1^ and 9| inches long from off Perico Island, in six feet of
water. M. C. Z. 29693 (1 specimen).
Tetraodon hispidus LiNxfi.
Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1758, p. 333. Gilbert & Starks, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 159.
No. 3120, a specimen 122 inches long from Naos Island, Panama Bay.
166 THE SHORE FISHES.
Tetraodon setosus Rosa Smith.
Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1886, 2, p. 6. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1739.
Five specimens, No. 3334, M. C. Z. 29653, 3357-9, and 3388, M. C. Z. 29656,
respectively 95, 10, 10, II2, and 84 inches long from Acapulco.
Nos. 3357-9, are dark with numerous light spots over the entire head and
body and the fins, except in No. 3357; all the fins have a rather broad margin of
yellowish, which shows no spots on the outer half of pectoral. Nos. 3334 and
3388 are yellow with a few scattered small black spots, caudal, dorsal, and
pectoral with a dusky appearance; No. 3388 is somewhat blotched with black
back of the pectoral fin.
Canthigaster solandri (Richardson).
Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., 1906, 25, p. 371.
Tetraodon solandri Richardson, ZooI. Voy. Sulphur, lohth., 184.5, p. 12.'), pi. 57, figs. 4-6.
One specimen 3 inches long from Manga Rcva, coral.
Eumycterias punctatissimus (Gunther).
Gilbert & Starrs, Mem. Cal. Acad. Sci., 1904, 4, p. 160, pi. 23, fig. 46.
Tetrodon punctatissimus Gunther, Cat., 1870, 8, p. 302.
Four specimens 2 to 2i inches long from Toboguilla Island, in two fathoms,
coral.
One specimen 2| inches long from Acapulco.
One specimen l| inches long from Chatham Island, shore. M. C. Z.
29548.
Three specimens I to 1 inch long from Perico Island tide pool. M. C. Z.
29371 (2 specimens).
In the specimens from Perico Island, the black ocellus with light margin
below the dorsal shows plainly.
DIODONTIDAE.
Diodon hystrix Linne.
Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1758, p. 335. Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1745.
One specimen tb inches long, from Station 4605, Lat. 12°, 21' N.; Long. 92°,
13' W.
Diodon holacanthus Linne.
Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1758, p. 335. Jord.\n & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1898, pt. 2, p. 1746.
One specimen 62 inches long from Panama Bay.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES.
167
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES.
s a
Jl
n 3
is
a
C4
£■3
S
S
n a
Raja aguja
Urolophus halleri
" aspidurus
" rogersi
Sardinella thrissina
Opisthopterus dovii
Anchovia opercularis
' ' inacrolcpidot a
" isehana
Qassiremua evionthaa
Muraena clepsydra
" lentiginosa
Gymnothorax dovii
Uropterygius necturus
Sciadeichthys troscheli
Poecilia sphenops
Tylosurus stolzmanni
Scombresox sp.
Hyporhamphus unifasciatus
" roberti
Hemiramphus saltator
Exocoetus volitans
Cypsilurus poecilopterus
sp.
Fodiator acutus
TExonautes sp.
Kirtlandia gilberti
Mugil hospes
Chaenomugil proboscideus
Neomyxus ciliilabis
" chaptalii
Sphyraena idiastes
Polydactylus approximans
" opercularis
Siphostoma californiensis
Myripristis occidentalis
" microphthalmus
" pralinius
" multiradiatus
" sealei
Holocentrus suborbitalis
" punctatissimus
" diadema
" samniara
" opercularis
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
168
THE SHORE FISHES.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES — Continued.
o
1
h
s e
1
1
o
E
o
E
11
31
11
II
-a
a
S
S
It
OS
II
i
1
1
a
s .
as
i!
ml
Scomberomorus sierra
+
Naucrates ductor
+
Platystethus cultratus
+
Decapterus sanctae-helenae
+
Hemicaranx atrimanus
+
" zelotes
+
" leucurus
+
Caranx hippos
+
" eaballus
+
" marginatus
+
+
" guara
+
Vomer setapinnis
+
Chloroscombrus orqueta
+
Trachinotus rhodopiis
+
+
Nomeiis gronovii
+
Coryphaena hippurus
+
Coryphaena equisetis
+
+
Centropomus robalito
+
Amia exostigma
+
" savayensis
+
" erythrina
+
" doryssa
+
" dovii
+
' ' atradorsata
+
" retrosella
+
Fowleria isostigma
+
Paramia lineatus
+
Kuhlia nutabunda
+
" sandvicensis
+
Acanthistius cinotus
+
Trachypoma macracanthum
+
Petrometopon panamensis
+
+
Epinciihelus analogus
+
Uibriformis
+
+
+
merra
+
socialis
+
Dermatolepis punctatus
+
Prionodes fasciatus
+
Paranthias furcifer
+
Rhegma thauinasium
+
Lobotes pacificus
4-
Hoplopagrus guentheri
+
Lutianus argeiitiventris
+
+
guttatus
+
+
aratus
+
marginatus
+
Rabirubia inermis
+
Xenocys jessiae
+
Xenichthys xanti
+
agassizii
+
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES.
169
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES — Conlinued.
1
A «
■*s
1
8
I
4
i
it
ll
li
0)3
1
1
■s
= 8
o
o2
u
11
1
s
1
fi
li
Caesio tile
+
naeimilon sexfasciatum
+
scuddpii
+
+
steindachneri
+
+
Lythrulon flaviguttatum
+
+
Orthostoechus maculifauda
+
Anisotrenius interrupt us
+
"
caesius
+
surinamensis
+
+
Orthopristis chalceus
+
Gnathodentex aureolineatus
+
Lethrinus rostratus
+
Eucinostonius calif ornieiisis
+
+
+
Xystiiema cinercuni
+
Gerres peruvianas
+
Doydixodon freminvillei
+
Kyphosus elegans
+
+
cinerascens
+
Girella nebulosa
+
Upeneus xanthogrammus
+
Pseudupeneus multifasciatus
+
MuUoides auriflamma
+
samoensis
+
rathbuni
+
Isopisthus remifer
+
Corvula macrops
+
Ophioscion perissa
+
Micropogon altipinnis
+
Polyclemus goodei
+
Eques fuseovittatiis
+
Azurina upalania
+
Pomacentrus rectifraenum
+
+
gilli
+
+
arcifrons
+
flavilatus
+
+
jenkinsi
+
leucorus
+
Abudefduf sordidus
+
septemfasciatus
+
saxatilis
+
+
+
declivifrons
+
+
glaucus
+
Dascyllus aruanus
+
Chromis caeruleua
+
atrilobatus
+
+
Microspathodon dorsalis
+
+
Bodianus diplotaenius
+
eelancheri
+
Pseudolabrus inscriptus
+
170
THE SHORE FISHES.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES — Continued.
2
H
i
1
•s
3
a
31
i
•o
II
s
§(2
II
sl
>
c4
1
O
1
tci
s
s
&-§
a
ca
II
o
i5-<:
a
°
m°
«^
»
m^
S
Halichoeres sellifer
+
dispilus
+
Pseudojulis notospilus
+
+
Cheilio inermis
+
Thalassoina duperry
+
+
purpureum
+
umbrostigma
+
lucasanum
+
+
Cheilinus undulatus
+
Callyodon perrico
+
noyesi
+
Chaetodon nigrirostris
+
+
humeralis
+
+
lineolatus
+
trifasciatus
+
Heniochus monoceros
4-
Pomacanthus zonipectus
+
Holacanthus passer
+
+
+
Teuthis triostegus
+
" umbra
+
Ctenochaetus striatus
+
Zebrasoma veliferum
+
Xesurus punctatus
+
clarionis
+
Siganus rostratus
+
Sebastopsis xyris
+
Scorpaena mystes
+
+
?Scorpaena histrio
+
Dormitator maculatus
+
Gymneleotris seminudus
+
Gobius rhizophora
+
gilberti
+
Mapo soporator
+
+
+
Kelloggella oligolepis
+
Gobiosoma crescentale
+
Gillelus rubellulus
+
Dactyloscopus pectoralis
+
Enneanectes carminalia
+
Malacoctenus delalandii
+
+
zonogaster
+
Labrisomus jenkinsi
+
Mnierpes macrocephaliis
+
Auchenopterus monophthalmus
+
?Emnion bristolae
+
Runuhi azalea
+
+
Dialommus fuscus
+
+
Enneapterygius corallieola
+
Alticus atlanticus
+
striatus
+
I
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES.
171
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SPECIES — Concluded.
Alticus periophthalmus
variolosus
biseriatus
Salarias lineatus
edentulus
Ogilbia vent ralis
Petrotyx hopkinsi
Batrachoides pacific!
Gobiesox erythrops
Arbaciosa truncata
zebra
Echeneis remora
Platophrys eonstellatus
VPlatophrys leopardinus
Achirus mazatlanus
klunzingeri
fonsecensis
Symphurus atramentatus
Balistes capistratus
naufragium
Canthidermis angulosus
Xanthichthys lineopunctatus
Monacanthus cirrhifer
Ostracion tuberculatum
Spheroides angusticeps
lobatus
annulatus
formosus
Tetraodon hispidus
setosus
Canthigaster solandri
Eumycterias punctatissimus
Diodon hyatrix
holacanthus
+
+
+
+
1 i
5l
+
+
+
+
+
la
U
n S
§9
»-9
•ii.
a
38
+
+
+
+
+
+
+.
+
+
+
DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.
Plate 1.
Figs. 1, 2. Raja aguja Kendall and Radcliffe, page 78.
Plate 2.
Fig. 1. MyripristLs occidentalis (Gill), page 90.
Fig. 2. Holocentrus suborbitalis Gill, page 94.
Fig. 3. Platystethus cultratus (Bloch and Schneider), page 97.
Plate 3.
Fig. 1. Kuhlia mutabunda Kendall and Radcliffe, page 105.
Fig. 2. Girella nebulosa Kendall and Radcliffe, page 120.
Plate 4.
Fig. 1 . Girella nebulosa Kendall and Radcliffe, page 120.
Fig. 2. Girella nebulosa Kendall and Radcliffe, page 120.
Fig. 3. Ophioscion perissa (Heller and Snodgrass), page 125.
Plate 6.
Fig. 1. Eque.s fuscovittatus Kendall and Radcliffe, page 125.
Fig. 2. Pseudolabrus inscriptus (Richardson), page 137.
Plate 6.
Fig. 1. Pseudolabrus inscriptus (Richartlson), page 137.
Fig. 2. Pseudojulis notospilus Giinther, page 139.
Fig. 3. GiUelus rubellulus Kendall and Radcliffe, page 148.
Pl.\te 7.
Fig. 1. Enneapterygius corallicola Kendall and Radcliffe, page 153.
Fig. 2. Alticus biseriatus (Cuvier and Valenciennes), page 156.
Fig. 3. Alticus margaritatus Kendall and Radcliffe, cf , p.age 157.
Pl.\te 8.
Fig. 1. Alticus m.argaritatus Kendall and Radcliffe, 9, page 157.
Fig. 2. ? Platophrys leopardinus (Giinther), page 160.
Fig. 3. Symphurus atranientatus Jordan and Bollman, page 162.
"Albatross" Eastern Tropiial t'acitu- Ex. -Shore Fishes.
I'lale 1
^^ ■ ^
\
"Albatross" K:istcni Tropical I^.uitic Ex. — Short- Fishes.
«,!«.
'If in.
Hf.liotyve Co BaSTOIt
Albatross" Eastern Tropiciil l';u itu Ex.— Shore Fishes.
Keli.typeCc "
•Albatross" Eastern Tropical Pacific Ex.— Shore Fishes.
Plate 4
3^5
Mp^
^-
■^^^?k
u
li -"^^i^
HzuoTYPi Co Bosrcw
Albatross" Eastern Tropical Pacific Kx. — Shore Fishes.
Plate ;
Albatross" Eastern Tropical Pacific Ex.— Shore I-'ishes.
Plnle 7
Albatross" Kastein Tropical Paiilii- Ex. — Short- l'"islifs.
Plate 8
/Z.CAfy'j^XZ/
^^^Oiir^xunM '
V<
•Nij.^^;$^v-
/, m
/
\
i
^.
J
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