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^Aaj^V/^-vo
l^atbatb College library
Coattlilcujl V
MEMORIAL
OF
THE CELEBRATION OF
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
AT PITTSBURGH, PA.
APRIL 11, 12, 13
1907
THIS COPY IS ONE OF AN EDITION OF
FIFTEEN HUNDRED COPIES PRINTED
FROM TYPE DURING NINETEEN
HUNDRED AND SEVEN BY
MEMORIAL
OP
THE CELEBRATION OF
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
AT PITTSBURGH, PA.
APRIL 11, 12, 13
1907
COMPRISING A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OP THE BXBRCISES CONNECTED
WITH THE ELEVENTH CELEBRATION OP POUNDER'S DAY OP THE
CARNEGIE INSTITUTE AND OPENING OP THE ENLARGED
CARNEGIE LIBRARY BUILDING
CONTAINING THE LIBRARY, MUSEUM, MUSIC
HALL, AND ART GALLERIES, POUNDED
BY ANDREW CARNBGIE
PRINTED" BY
ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES
MGMVn
^c)a<A ^IflDO"!
• v.-.-
"^ FEB 1S1908"
(' '
ft f-
c.
Copyright, 1907, by
The Board of Trustees of
The Carnegie Institute
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
OF THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
W. N. Frew, President
S. H. Giurch, Secretary
Albert J. Barr
Edward M. Bigelow
John A Brashear
William Brand
Hon. Joseph BufRngton
John Caldwell
S. H. Church
George H. Clapp
Hon. Josiah Cohen
W. N. Frew
Hon. George W. Guthrie
Durbin Home
James F. Hudson
Jdm B. Jackson
S. C. Jamison
Rev. A A Lambing
William McConway
George A Macbeth
Robert Pitcaim, Vice President
James H. Reed, treasurer
Hon. James R. Macf arlane
P. A Manion
Andrew W. Mellon
C. C. Mellor
William Metcalf , Jr.
Dr. M. E. O'Brien
George T. Oliver
Robert Pitcaim
Hon. Henry K. Porter
Hon. James H. Reed
W. L. Scaife
Hon. John D. Shafer
Charles L. Taylor
A Bryan Wall
J. C. Wasson
Dr. E. R. Walters
John Werner
Joseph R. Woodwell
UBR\RIAN
Anderson H. Hopkins, Ph.B.
Li^aridM Cantggii Lihrary
DIRECTORS
John W. Beatty, AM. W. J. Holland, LL.D.
Diriet$r $f Fiat Arts Dincfr $f tbi MMstum
A. A. Hamerschlag, Sc.D.
Dirict9r Carmgii Technical ScKhIs
MANAGER CARNEGIE HALL OF MUSIC
George H. Wilson
SUPERINTENDENT OF BUILDINGS
Charles R. Cimningham
CONTENTS
FoRBWoiU) 3
THURSDAY MORNING
Address of Mayor Guthrie 32
The Procession 37
THURSDAY AFTERNOON -
Scripture Lesson Doctor John Rhfs 47
Invocation Rev. Doctor E. S. Roberts 49
Letter from Presideat Roosevelt 52
Address : Andrew Carnegie 54
The Popular Significance of the Carnboie In-
stitute 72
His Excellency, Theodor von Moellcr
Address by M. Paul Doumer 77
CONTENTS
PAOS
Thb Organization of Peace 78
Baron D'Estoumelles de Constant
A Review of the Work 89
Samuel Harden Church
Announcement of Awards 96
W. N. Frew
THURSDAY NIGHT
Program of Concert 100
FRIDAY MORNING
Reading of Letters of Congratulation 102
FRIDAY AFTERNOON
Address : International Cooperation in Zoology . . 267
P. Chalmers Mitchell
French Sculpture of the Middle Ages . . . 279
Camille Enlart
Dunfermline's Son 290
James Currie Macbeth
TheRelationshipof Pittsburgh andDunfermline 296
Dr. John Ross
TheConnection BETWEEN Science andEngineering 303
Sir William Henry Preece, K.C.B., F.R.S.
DevelopmentofArchitecturalStyleinGermany 315
E. von Ihne
• • •
VIU
CONTENTS
PiOB
Thb Solution of a Great Scientific Difficulty 327
Sir Robert S. Ball
The German Military Constitution .... 335
His Bbccellency Lieutenant-Gcneral Alfred
von Loewenfeld
The Mission of an Art Museum 344
L^once Benedite
The Next Step Toward International Peace . 351
William T. Stead
The Dunfermline Trust 364
William Robertson
FRIDAY NIGHT
The Banquet
Remarks of S. H. Church 371
Telegram from John D. Rockefeller 372
Response from Andrew Carnegie 373
Remarks of W. N. Frew 373
Hon. James H. Reed 374
Andrew Camegie 379
Baron Edmondo Mayor des Planches . • . 387
General von Loewenfeld 391
Sir Robert Cranston 394
"Maarten Maartens" 397
Poem : The Scottish Guests to Andrew Camegie . . 401
William Archer
ix
CONTENTS
SATURDAY MORNING
PAOB
Presentation of Gifts from the German Emperor . 408
Remarks of Chancellor Samuel Black McCormick 412
Conferring of Honorary Degrees 415
Appendix A 425
Gifts of His Imperial Majesty the German Emperor
to the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute
Appendix B 447
Thanks to the Gemian Emperor
Appendix C 449
Some Jewels Set Together
Index 453
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
The Main Building Frontispieee
Portrait of Andrew Carnegie fadng page
Foyer of Auditorium
Souvenir badge worn at Dedication . . .
Hall of Music
Grand Stairway, east entrance
Gallery of Vertebrate Paleontology . . .
Camc^e Technical Schools (uncompleted) .
Maigaret Morrison Carnegie School for
Women
Children's Departoient in the Library
Grallery of Painting
Porch of Sl Gilles, Hall of Architecture .
Repradnad ftom the Chorch of St. OiDa, it Gnd, Fnocc
Pittsbu^ Orchestra — Emil Paur, Director
3
32
36
46
48
52
54
62
78
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
A Machine-shop in the Technical Schools . facing page lOO
Hall of Bronzes " 150
Kitchen— Margaret Morrison Carnegie
School for Women " 208
Reference Room in the Library .... " 256
The Reference Library of the Museum . . " 268
Hall of Sculpture " 280
Illuminated Address from the City of Dim-
f ermline to the Board of Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute ....... " 294
Engine Room " 304
Hall of Architecture " 314
Gallery of Birds " 336
Hall of Architecture " 344
Gallery of Ethnology " 350
Gallery of Mammals '' 364
Banquet in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew
Carnegie " 372
Hotel Schcfiley, Friday ETening, April 12, 1907
Gifts presented by His Majesty, William II,
German Elmperor " 408
Restoration of Diplodocus Camegiei '' 410
PreUmiiMrily moanted for pmentation to the German Emperor
and the President of the French Republic
• •
Xll
MEMORIAL
OF
THE CELEBRATION OF
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
AT PITTSBURGH, PA.
APRIL 11, 12, 13
1907
r
> t
> >
>> -^ ^
•^.N^
\
FOREWORD
pHE beautiful building standing at the en-
^ trance of Schenley Park, which was dedi-
i cated to a larger public service on April
/ 1 1, 12, and 13, 1907, is not only a gift, as
^ the epigraph on the building declares, to
"The People of Pittsburgh"; it is, indeed, a gift to
America and the world; and the extraordinary atten-
tion which the inaugural ceremonies have attracted is
the best evidence that in the world's opinion it is the
creation of institutions like this which gives real eleva-
tion and dignity to any people.
The original purpose of Mr. Andrew Carnegie was
to found a great library for the use of the community in
which his business triumphs had been won. Provision
was made for a board of trustees, eighteen in number,
nine of whom were chosen by Mr. Carnegie with the
power to elect their successors, the other nine being the
official representatives of the city of Pittsburgh. In
1890 Mr. Carnegie gave to this Board one million dol-
3
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
lars for the erection of a central building, with branch
library buildings; and from time to time he has made
large additions to that simi. The Board proceeded to
the erection of the central building, which was com-
pleted and first dedicated on November 5, 1895. After-
ward branch library buildings were put up, until now
six of them have been opened. These agencies, with
others, such as schools, deposit stations, call stations,
home libraries, reading clubs, and the like, make a total
of one hundred and seventy centers of activity in li-
brary work which have been established, all of which
are maintained in their current operations by the city
of Pittsburgh.
On the night of the dedication of the Library, nearly
twelve years ago, when no other thought than the read-
ing of books had come into the minds of his auditors,
Mr. Carnegie announced that he had determined to in-
augurate in association with the Library a Department
of Fine Arts, and a Museum, which should find their
permanent home within the same building; and he
provided a fund of one million dollars for their sup-
port. In his speech at that time Mr. Carnegie said :
The taste for reading is one of the most precious
possessions of life. I would much rather be instru-
mental in bringing to the working man or woman this
taste than mere dollars. When this Library is sup-
ported by the community, as Pittsburgh is wisely to
support her Library, all taint of charity is dispelled.
Every citizen of Pittsburgh, even the very humblest,
now walks into this, his own Library ; for the poorest
4
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
laborer contributes his mite indirectly to its support.
The man who enters a library is in the best society
this world affords; the good and the great welcome
him, surround him, and humbly ask to be allowed to
become his servants ; and if he himself, from his own
earnings, contributes to its support, he is more of a
man than before. . . .
The newspaper of my native town recently pub-
lished a history of the free library in Dunfermline,
and it is there recorded that the first books gathered
together and opened to the public were the small col-
lections of three weavers. Imagine the feelings with
which I read that one of these three was my honored
father. He founded the first library in Dunfermline,
his native town, and his son was privileged to found
the last. Another privilege is his — to build a li-
brary for the people, here in the community in which
he has been so greatly blessed with material success.
I have never heard of a lineage for which I would
exchange that of the library-founding weaver.
We now come to another branch, the Art Grallery
and Museum, which the city is not to maintain.
These are to be regarded as wise extravagances, for
which public revenues should not be given, not as
necessaries. These are such gifts as a citizen may
bestow upon a community and endow, so that it will
cost the city nothing. . . .
There remains to notice this Hall [the Hall of
Music] in which we are assembled. You know from
the public press what has already been arranged, and
what the masses of the people are to obtain here.
That this Hall can be and will be so managed as to
prove a most potent means for refined entertain-
ments, and instruction for the people and the devel-
5
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
opment of the musical taste of Pittsburgh, I enter-
tain not the slightest doubt, and Goethe's saying
should be recalled, that "Straight roads lead from
music to everything good/'
For the administration of these new departments
which he had described as "wise extravagances" Mr.
Carnegie named a Board consisting of eighteen citizens
of Pittsburgh, and added to this number all the mem-
bers of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Library,
making a strong and resourceful organization of thirty-
six representative men, who, after first choosing for
their designation in 1896 the title of "The Board of
Trustees of the Carnegie Fine Arts and Museum Col-
lection Fund," later on, in 1898, exchanged this cum-
bersome name for that of "The Board of Trustees of
the Carnegie Institute." In 1903 Mr. Carnegie pro-
vided additional funds and placed them in the hands
of this larger Board for the erection, maintenance, and
control of the Carnegie Technical Schools. Subse-
quently, he gave it special funds for the operation of
the Hall of Music and for the maintenance of a Train-
ing School for Children's Librarians.
It was not long before the capacity of the original
building was overtaxed by the rapid growth of its col-
lections, and as soon as this situation was made known
to him, Mr. Carnegie gave his trustees, in addition to
the $1,120,000 for the first building, $5,000,000 for its
enlargement, and $2,500,000 for the Technical School
buildings, besides $9,000,000 as an endowment fund
6
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
for the Carnegie Institute, and about $5CX),CXX) for
branch libraries, making a total expenditure on his
part, at the moment of the second dedication, not
counting special sums for exploration and for objects
purchased for the Art Gallery and the Museum, of
$l8,120,CXX).
The whole institution embraces the main Library
and its branches, under control of the Board of Trus-
tees of the Carnegie Library and maintained by the city
of Pittsburgh, and the Department of Fine Arts, the
Department of the Museum, the Hall of Music, the
Training School for Children's Librarians, and, in sepa-
rate buildings, the Carnegie Technical Schools, under
the control of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie In-
stitute, and maintained by Mr. Carnegie's endowments.
The original building was enlarged expressly in order
that these departments might have room together for
their unrestricted growth, and, by Mr. Carnegie's direc-
tion, perpetual assignment has been given to them
within the new structure, a fair share of the cost of
maintenance and operation being paid by the Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute out of the endowment income.
The institution comprises, therefore, a noble and har-
monious group of creations, each one of which seems to
be the natural associate and supplement of all the
others, housed (excepting the Technical Schools, which
are in adjacent halls) , in the building that now stands
among the world's great pieces of architecture, and all
administered by the two Boards of Trustees with a
single purpose of public usefulness. This splendid gift
7
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
with all its stimulating influences seems sure to ex-
ercise a cumulative force on the mind of the community,
lifting the people up above the material drudgery of our
industrial life, here a little and there a little, and each
year more and more, until the inspirations which flow
from it will touch the remotest corners of our social body.
With this benefaction in their hands, Mr. Carnegie's
trustees felt that the opportunity for doing useful work
was not confined to their own conununity, but that the
influence of these institutions of literature, science, art,
education, and music would be world-wide; and they
determined to signalize the opening of the enlarged
building by a conunemoration which should possess in-
ternational interest and value.
From the moment of the first inauguration it had
been the annual custom of the Board of Trustees of
the Carnegie Institute (embracing the Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Library) to celebrate as Founder's Day
the first Thursday in November, and already ten such
observances had occurred. The character of the men
participating in these annual Founder's Day functions,
including two who had occupied the office of President
of the United States, and other speakers almost equally
renowned, had made the Founder's Day celebration
one of the most notable platform occasions occurring in
America. It would be difficult indeed to surpass the
standard already attained in these past years.
But through the active cooperation of the entire
membership of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie
Institute a celebration was planned which was in-
8
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
tended to be entirely worthy of so important an occa-
sion; and when the invitations were ready they were
sent to those men and women who have won the most
distinction in performing their share of work, repre-
senting substantial achievements in science, art, litera-
ture, and statesmanship throughout the world. Partic-
ular care was taken to include those men who had
performed signal service in promoting the principles
of peace by arbitration as against the brutal arbitra-
ments of war.
The celebration fell at a time when parliaments and
universities were in session, when journalists feared
to leave their papers, when painters were executing
important conmiissions, when affairs were holding
other people at their work. In some cases age placed
its barriers before the feet of those who longed to come,
and, again, death overtook more than one of those who
had accepted. Yet the roll of those who did attend is
representative of the best thought and action of our
present civilization. The list for America included
nearly all of her distinguished men and women in
every rank and profession, but only the names of those
who were present are given here. A complete list of
the guests invited from outside the United States is
given, and those who attended from foreign countries
are marked with an asterisk :
AMERICA
Mr. Frank E. Alden, Architect of the Carnegie Institute and
Library
Mr. Alfred B. Harlow, Architect of the Carnegie Institute
and Library
9
w -.,
:'::i
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mr. William S. Aldrich, Director Thomas S. Clarkson
Memorial School of Technology
Mr. John W. Alexander, Painter
Dr. F. W. Atkinson, President Brooklyn Polytechnic
Institute
Mr. Herman Balz, Special Correspondent "Cologne Grazette"
Hon. Richard Bartholdt, Member of Congress
Hon. James A. Beaver, Elx-Govemor and Justice of the Su-
perior Court of Pennsylvania
Dr. Hill McClelland Bell, Vice-Chancellor Drake University
Mr. James Bertram r^ ;
Dr. John S. Billings, Director New York Public Library
Dr. Elmer Ellsworth Brown, Commissioner United States
Bureau of Exlucation
Dr. H. C. Bumpus, Director American Museum of Natural -[^^
History
Mr. George W. Cable, Author
Dr. W. W. Campbell, Director Lick Observatory -fj
Mr. T. Morris Carnegie, Treasurer Carnegie Foundation for *i::S
the Advancement of Teaching E G-
Mr. John H. Chapin, Art Editor "Scribner's Magazine" ^^jfj
Rear-Admiral Colby M. Chester, United States Navy ^;,^
Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke, Director Metropolitan Museum >[)f:
of Art
Dr. Edwin B. Craighead, President Tulane University of
Louisiana
Dr. William H. Crawford, President Allegheny College
Prof. William Morris Davis, Professor of Geology, Har-
vard University ^'i"^*
Dr. George H. Denny, President Washington and Lee :& . ^
University ^ ""^ J
Mr. J. S. Dickerson, Editor "The Standard" ^^^
Dr. Henry S. Drinker, President Lehigh University ^ ft
Brigadier-General William P. Duvall, United States Army j>^^
Prof. David Emmert, Jimiata College vn "'^J
Dr. Edwm A. Engler, President Worcester Polytechnic In- , , "^^<
StltUtC s "^'^
V
lo
'^Prrsi
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Prof. Thomas C. Evans, Dean Medical Faculty, University
of Kentucky
Mr. C. Norman Fay
Dr. John H. Finley, President College of the City of New
York
Mr. William Henry Fox, Director John Herron Art
Institute
Mr. Robert A. Franks
Mr. W. M. R. French, Director Art Institute of Chicago
Dr. H. B. Frissell, President Hampton Noraial and Agri-
cultural Institute
Mr. J. H. Gcst, Director Cincinnati Museum Association
Mr. Richard Watson Gilder, Editor "Century Magazine"
Mr. Benjamin Ives Gilman, Director Boston Museum of
Fine Arts
Prof. Frederick A. Goetze, Columbia University, New York
City
Dr. William H. Goodyear, Art Director Brookljm Institute
of Arts and Sciences
Mr. A. H. Griffith, Director Detroit Museum of Art
Dr. Arthur T. Hadley, President Yale University
Dr. G. Stanley Hall, President Clark University
Dr. Richard D. Harlan, President Lake Forest University
Dr. I. Minis Hays, Secretary American Philosophical Society
Miss Helen W. Henderson, Special Correspondent "Phila-
delphia Inquirer**
Mr. John G. Heywood, Director Worcester Art Museum
Mr. Arthur Hoeber, Art Critic and Painter; Special Corre-
spondent "Boston Transcript**
Dr. L. E. Holden, President University of Wooster
Mr. Joseph A. Holmes, United States Geological Survey
Mr. Franklin W. Hooper, Director Brooklyn Institute of
Arts and Sciences
Dr. W. T. Homaday, Director New York Zoological Park
Mr. Henry Hombostel, Architect Carnegie Technical Schools
Dr. Charles Sumner Howe, President Case School of Applied
Science
Dr. E. J. James, President University of Illinois
11
.:(
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mr. Charles Sears Kates
Dr. I. C. Ketler, President Grove City College
Mr. Alexander King
Dr. Henry C. King, President Oberlin College
Mr. Theodore W. Koch, Librarian University of Michigan
Mr. Henry E. Krehbeil, Musical Critic "New York Tribune"
Mr. Charles M. Kurtz, Director Buffalo Academy of Fine
Arts
Dr. Henry Lefavour, President Simmons College
Mr. F. A. Lucas, Chief Curator Brookljm Institute of Arts
and Sciences
Dr. Flavel S. Luther, President Trinity College
Mr. Hamilton Wright Mabie, Editor "The Outlook*'
Mr. S. S. McClure, Editor "McClure's Magazine"
Dr. Thomas McClelland, President Knox College
Dr. S. B. McCormick, Chancellor Western University of '^-
Pennsylvania .^i
Dr. Henry M. MacCracken, Chancellor New York Uni- ::t
versity <^
Dr. George Grant McCurdy, Professor Ethnology, Yale ': ^^
University c^j
Dr. W J McGce, Director St. Louis Public Museum ^.^
Dr. F. W. McNair, President Michigan College of Mines i!«S
Mr. Gari Melchers, Painter * '--^^
Mr. Daniel Merriman, President Worcester Art Museum '-^l
Mrs. Annie Nathan Meyer, Special Correspondent
"Harper's Weekly*'
Dr. James D. Moffat, President Washington and Jefferson ' T^t
College >>f
Mr. Thomas L. Montgomery, State Librarian of Pennsyl- ^^^
vania ^
Mr. Harrison S. Morris, Editor "Lippincott's Magazine" ^5)7
Mr. F. W. Morton, Editor "Brush and Pencil" ^i-
Dr. Charles W. Needham, President George Washington jf^
University
Mr. George C. Palmer, Architect Carnegie Technical Schools L '
Dr. Samuel Plantz, President Lawrence University
12
^ff
-y.
50. ?
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Mr. Edward Porrit, American Correspondent "Glasgow
Herald"
Mr. Frederick B. Pratt, Secretary Pratt Institute
Mr. David C. Pieyer, Editor "The Collector*'
Dr. Henry S. Pritchett, President Massachusetts Institute of
Tecdmology
Mr. Edward W. Redfield, Painter
Dr. George Exlward Reed, President Dickinson College
Dr. Ira Remsen, President Johns Hopkins University
Mr. Joseph G. Rosengarten, President Philadelphia Free
Library
Dr. Nathan C. Schaeffer, Superintendent of Public
Instruction, Pennsylvania
Mr. J. G. Schmidlapp, Financier and Philanthropist
Dr. Jacob G. Schurman, President Cornell University
Mr. Charles M. Schwab, Manufacturer and Philanthropist
Dr. S. F. Scovel, late President Wooster University
Dr. Samuel Sheldon, President American Institute of Elec-
trical En^neers
Dr. W. F. Shxnrni, President Colorado College
Dr. Charles Sprague Smith, Managing Director People's
Institute, New York
Mr. Charles Stewart Smith, late President New York Cham-
ber of Commerce
Mr. William R. &nith. Superintendent National Botanic
Gardens, Washington
Dr. Winthn^ E. Stone, President Purdue University
Mr. J. F. Thomas
Prof. Dwinel F. Thompson, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Mr. John Thompson, Secretary Carnegie Fund Committee,
Fhiladelfdiia
Dn Charles F. Th wing, President Western Reserve University
Mr. George Vanderhoef
Mr. G. D. Waetzholdt, Imperial German Consulate
Dt. Charles D. Walcott, Secretary Smithsonian Institution
Dr. Booker T. Washington, President Tuskegee Normal and
Industrial Institute
Dr. William H. Welch, Johns Hopkins University
t3
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
AUSTRALIA
•JLMGI
Mr. Grcorge Westing^ouse
Mr. Joseph Wharton
Mr. Henry D. Whitfield, Architect
Mr. Arthur Willert, American Correspondent ''London ^^
Times" {:^?^
Dr. R. S. Woodward, President Carnegie Institution of -^'^ ^-'-^
Washington ri Md
ARGENTINE REPUBUC :r^Si
Dr. Manuel Quintana, President of Argentine Republic ^^-^^'on
Seiior Don Epif anio Portela, Envoy Elxtraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States :ra.Foi
Dr. Florentino Ameghino, Director of the National Museum,
Buenos Aires
Mr. Henry C. L. Anderson, Librarian Public Library of New
South Wales
Mr. James S. Battye, Librarian Victoria Public Library of :\i:x,
Western Australia
•-1 ».N
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY ^4
m
Mr. Ladislaus Hegelmiiller von Hengervar, Ambassador Ex- --^' Fe:
traordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States
Count Albert Apponyi, Minister of Public Instruction
Mr. Albert de Berzeviczy, Member of Hague Court of
Arbitration :V»: \
Dr. Emil Frida ("Jaroslav Vrchlicky*'), Professor of Litera-
ture, Karl Ferdinand University, Prague
Dr. Julius Hann, Professor of Physics, University of Vienna
Privy Councilor Prof. Dr. Hans Hofer, Geologist and
Paleontologist
Dr. Heinrich Lammasch, Professor of Jurisprudence, Uni-
versity of Vienna
Dr. Franz Steindachner, Director of the K. K. Naturhistori- ^' -^
sches Hof museum, Vienna ^ t:
Dr. Arminius Vdmbcty, Traveler and Orientalist ^fe
.4
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
IILGIUM
'Baron Moochcur, Envoy Ejctraordinary and Minister Pleni-
potentiary to the United States
Mr. A. M. F. Beeraaert, Member Hague Court of Arbitration
Bann Edouard Descamps, Minister of State, Professor of
Intcmaticmal Law, University of Louvaine
Banm Lambennont, Member of Hague Court of Arbitration
Mr. Maurice Maeterlinck, Author
Mr. Polydore de Paepe, Statesman
Dr. Max Rooses, Curator of the Plantin-Moretus Museum,
Antwerp
Mr. Emile Veihaeren, Poet
BOLIVIA
Scnor Don Ignacio Calderon, Envoy Extraordinary and Min*
ister Plenipotentiary to the United States
BRAZIL
Scnor Joaquim Nabuco, Ambassador Extraordinary and
Plenipotentiary to the United States
Dr. E. M. Goeldi, Director of the Museu Goeldi, Pari
Dr. Joio B. de Lacerda, Director of the Museo Nacional
Dr. Manoel Cicero Peregrino da Silva, Director National
Library
BULGARIA
Mr. Stojran Daneff, Member Hague Court of Arbitration
Mr. Dimitri StancioflF, Member Hague Court of Arbitration
CANADA
Earl Grey, Govemor General of Canada
^Dr. Henry T. Bovey, Dean of Faculty of Applied Science,
McGill University
Dr. William Henry Drummond, Poet and Author
Sir Sandf ord Fleming, Engineer
Mr. Phineas Gagnon, Bibliographer and Collector of
Canadiana
15
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
*Dt. John Galbraith, Dean of Faculty of Applied Science and
Engineering, Toronto University
Mr. Charles H. Gould, Librarian of McGill University
Sir William Christopher McDonald, Governor of McGill
University
♦Dr. William Peterson, Vice-Chancellor McGill University
Mr. Goldwin Smith, Historian
CHILE
Sefior Don Joaquim Walker-Martinez, Envoy Elxtraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
Sefior C. Silva Cruz, Minister of Public Instruction
Don Juan Madrid
CHINA
Sir Chentung Liang-Cheng, Envoy Extraordinary and Min-
ister Plenipotentiary to the United States
COLOMBIA
Sefior Don Diego Mendoza, Envoy Extraordinary and Min-
ister Plenipotentiary to the United States
COSTA RICA
^Sefior Don Joaquim Bernardo Calvo, Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
CUBA
'^'Sefior Don Gonzalo de Quesada, Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
DENMARK
Mr. Constantin Brun, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
Prof. Dr. Georg Brandes, Historian and Critic, University
of Copenhagen
Prof. Dr. H. Matzen, Statesman, and Member of Hague
Court of Arbitration
16
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
DOMINICAN REPUBUC
'^'Sefior Don Emilio C Joubert, Minister Resident in the
United States
ECUADOR
Senor Don Luis Felipe Carbo, Envoy Ebctraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
FRANCE
Mr. J. J. Jusserand, Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni-
potentiary to the United States
Prof. Dr. Antonie Henri Becquerel, Membre de I'Acad&nie
dcs Sciences; Discoverer of die "Becquerel Rays"
^Dr. Leonce Benedite, Director Mus^e du Luxembourg
Prof. Dr. Marcellin Boule, Paleontologist of the Museum of
Natural History, Jardin des Plantes
Dr. Leon Victor Auguste Bourgeois, President of the Cham-
ber of Deputies
Mr. Paul Bourget, Membre de TAcad^mie Frangaise; Author
and Critic
Prof. Dr. Ferdinand Brunetiere, Membre de TAcadAnie
Fran^aise ; Director of the "Revue des Deux Mondcs'*
Mr. Jules Claretie, Membre de 1' Academic Frangaise ; Author
"^Baron d'Estoumelles de Constant, Publicist ; Member of the
French Senate and of the Hague Court of Arbitration
Madame Dr. Curie, Physicist and Chemist
Mr. Th6ophile Delcass6, Late Minister of Foreign Affairs
*Dr. Paul Doumer, late Governor Greneral of Cochin China
*Dr. Camille Enlart, Director of the Trocadero Museum
Mr. Jacques Anatole Thibault France, Membre de TAcadd-
mie Fran9aise ; Author
Mr. J. Th. Homolle, Membre de TAcademie des Inscriptions
ct Belles Lettrcs; Directeur de Tficole du Louvre
Mr. M. de Laboulaye, Statesman; Member of the Hague
Court of Arbitration
Prof. Anatole Le Roy-Beaulieu, College de France
Mr. J. E. F. Massenet, Composer
17
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Prof. Henri Moissan, Membre dc Tlnstitut; Professor of
Chemistry, University of Paris
♦Mr. Jules Rais, Archivist
Mr. Louis Renault, Statesman; Membre de I'Academie des
Sciences Morales et Politiques
Mr. Auguste Rodin, Sculptor
Mr. Edmond Rostand, Membre de I'Academie Fran^aise ;
Dramatist and Author
Mr. Camille Saint-Saens, Composer
GERMANY
Baron Speck von Sternberg, Ambassador Extraordinary and
Plenipotentiary to the United States
*His Excellency Lieutenant-Greneral Alfred von Loewenfeld,
IX.D., Adjutant-Greneral to his Majesty the Emperor
♦His Excellency Theodor von Moeller, LL.D., Staatsminister
*Dr. Friedrich S. Archenhold, Director Treptow Observatory
Privy Councilor Prof. Dr. Karl L. v. Bar, Jurist and Author
His Excellency Privy Coimcilor Dr. Wilhelm Bode,
Director-General of the Royal Museums
♦Colonel Gustav Dickhuth, LX..D., Lecturer on Military
Science to the Royal Household
Privy Councilor Dr. Emil Fischer, Professor of Chemistry,
University of Berlin
Mr. M. de Frantzius, Member of Hague Court of Arbitration
Dr. Amim Graesel, Chief Librarian of the Royal Library,
Gottingen
Prof. Dr. Adolph Hamack, Director in Chief of the Royal
Library
Mr. Gerhart Hauptmann, Poet
Dr. Paul J. L. Heyse, Author and Novelist
Dr. Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff, Honorary Professor of
Chemistry, University of Berlin
♦Dr. Ernst von Ihne, LL.D., Hof-Architekt Sr. Maj. d.
Kaisers
Privy Councilor Prof. Dr. Robert Koch, Bacteriologist
18
t
•J
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
"^Dr. Reinhold Koser, LL.D., Principal Director of the
Prussian State Archives
Mr. Ferdinand v. M artitz. Member of the Hague Court of
Arbitration
His Excellency G>unt Posadowsky-Wehner, Staatsminister
Privy Councilor Prof. Dr. Wilhelm K, Rontgen, Discoverer
of the Rontgen Rays; Professor of Physics, University of
Munich
Dr. Peter Rosegger, Author
♦Prof. Dr. Fritz Schaper, Sculptor
Judgie Dr. Ernst Friedrich Sieveking, Member of the Hague
Court of Arbitration
Mr. Herman Sudennann, Author
Privy Councilor Anton von Werner, Historical Painter; Di-
rector of the School of Pictorial Arts, Berlin
GREAT BRITAIN
Rt. Hon. James Bryce, Ambassador Extraordinary and
Plenipotentiary to the United States
Mr. Edwin A. Abbey, R.A., Painter
Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, R. A, Painter
*Mr. William Archer, Author and Critic
Major-General Sir John Charles Ardagh, Statesman
Mr. Alfred Austin, Poet Laureate
Rt. Hon. Arthur J. Balfour, Statesman
Lord Balfour of Burleigh, Statesman
♦Sir Robert S. Ball, Director of Cambridge Observatory
Mr. James M. Barrie, Author
♦Dr. C. F. Moberly Bell, Manager "The Times'
Dr. George Earle Buckle, Editor "The Times'
Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Statesman
Lord Hugh R. H. Cecil, Statesman
Mr. Sidney Colvin, Keeper of Prints and Drawings, British
Museum
*Sir Robert Cranston, late Lord Provost of Edinburgh
Lord Curzon of Kedleston, Statesman
Sir George H. Darwin, F.R.S., Astronomer.
19
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mr. Spyridon P. Lampros, Author and Historian
Mr. Denys Stephanos, Member of the Hague Court of
Arbitration
Mr. George Streit, Member of the Hague Court of
Arbitration
GUATEMALA
Sefior Don Jorge Munoz, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
HAITI
Mr. J. N. Leger, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni-
potentiary to the United States
INDIA
Syed Ameer Ali, Judge of his Majesty's High Court of Judi-
cature, Fort William, Bengal, 1890-1904; Author and
Statesman
Romesch Chunder Dutt, CLE., Lecturer on Indian History,
University College, London ; Statesman and Author
ITALY
♦Baron Edmondo Mayor des Planches, Ambassador Extraor-
dinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States
Signor Edmondo de Amicis, Traveler and Author
Prof. Dr. Guido Biagi, Chief Librarian Biblioteca Riccardi-
ana, Florence
Chevalier Giuseppe Biancheri, Statesman ; Member of Hague
Court of Arbitration
Signor Giacomo Boni, Archaeologist
Senator Dr. Domenico Comparetti, Professor in R. Accade-
mia dei Lincei
Commander Jean Baptiste Pagano Guamaschelli, Member of
Hague Court of Arbitration
Commendatore Rodolf o Lanciani, Archaeologist ; Professor of
Ancient Topography, University of Rome
22
\.
_ r-
'•\
~\
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Chevalier Dr. Guglielmo Marconi, Electrical Engineer; In-
ventor of System of Wireless Telegraphy
Senator Count Costantino Nigra, Statesman; Member of the
R. Accademia dei Lincei
Madame Matilde Serao, Novelist and Journalist
Signor Giovanni Verga, Novelist and Dramatist
Count Tomielli Brusati di Vergano, Statesman; Member of
Hague Court of Arbitration
JAPAN
Viscount Siuzo Aoki, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
Mr. Henry Willard Denison, Member Hague Court of
Arbitration
Baron Dr. Kentaro Kaneko, Statesman; Member of the
House of Peers
Mr. I. Motono, Statesman ; Member of the Hague Court of
Arbitration
Mr. Kakasu Okakura, Archaeologist ; Director of Nippon
Bijitsuin, Tokio
Baron Dr. Kencho Suyematsu, late Minister of Education
and Interior ; Author
Mr. Kogoro Takahira, late Envoy Extraordinary and Min-
ister Plenipotentiary to the United States
MEXICO
Seflor Don Joaquin D. Casasus, Ambassador Extraordinary
and Plenipotentiary to the United States
Sefior Manuel de Aspiroz, Member Hague Court of
Arbitration
Sefior Alfred Chavero, Publicist
Sefior Jose M. Gramboa, Statesman ; Member Hague Court of
Arbitration
Sefior Jose Maria Iglesias, Publicist and Historian
Sefior Genan Raigosa, Statesman ; Member Hague Court of
Arbitration
Sefior Justo Sierra, Minister of Public Instruction and Fine
Arts
23
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
NETHERLANDS
♦ Jonkheer R. de Marees van Swinderen, Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
Prof. Dr. T. M. C. Asser, Professor International Law, Uni-
versity of Leiden
Jonkheer G. L. M. H. Ruys de Beerenbrouck, Member
Hague Court of Arbitration
Jonkheer A. P. C van Kamebeek, Statesman
Dr. F. B. Connick Liefstring, Member Hague Court of
Arbitration
Jonkheer A. F. de Savonini Lohman, Member Hague Court
of Arbitration
♦Dr. Joost Marius Willem Van der Poorten-Schwartz
("Maarten Maartens"), Author
Prof. Dr. Hugo de Vries, University of Amsterdam
Prof. Dr. Pieter 2^eman, Physicist, University of Amster-
dam
NICARAGUA
♦Sefior Don Luis F. Corea, Diplomatist ; Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
NORWAY
Mr. Christian Hauge, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
Mr. Samuel Ludwig Annerstedt, Member of Hague Court of
Arbitration
Mr. Bjomstjeme Bjomson, Poet, Dramatist, Novelist
Mr. M. G. Gram, Statesman
Mr. Edward Grieg, Composer
Mr. George Francis Hagerup, Statesman
Mr. Fridtjof Nansen, Arctic Explorer
Dr. Hans H. Reusch, Director of the Geological Survey
PANAMA
Seiior Don J. Domingo de Obaldia, Envoy Extraordinary
and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
24
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
PARAGUAY
Sefior Don Cecelio Baez, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
PERSIA
Greneral M onteza, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
PERU
Mr. Felipe Pardo, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
POLAND
Count Stanislaus Tamovski, Professor University of Cracow ;
Historian
PORTUGAL
Viscount de Alte, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary to the United States
Senhor Joaquim Theophilo Braga, Professor of Literature,
Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisbon
Senhor Antonio Emilio Correia de Sa Brandao, Publicist
Senhor Luiz Frederico de Bivas Goma de Costa, Statesman
Senhor Antonio Ennes, Librarian of the National Library
Count de Macedo, Professor of Higher Mathematics, Escola
Polytechnica, Lisbon
Senhor Fernando Mattoso Santos, Statesman
ROUMANL\
Mr. Jean Kalindem, President Academia Romana,
Bucharest ; Historian
Mr. Jean N. Lahovari, Member of the Hague Court of
Arbitration
Mr. Theodore Rosetti, Statesman ; Member of the Hague
Court of Arbitration
Mr. Eugene Statesco, Publicist
^5
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
RUSSIA
Baron Rosen, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipoten-
tiary to the United States
Mr. E. V. Frisch, Statesman; Privy Councilor, Member
Hague Court of Arbitration
Mr. Frederick de Martens, Privy Councilor; Hon. Professor
of International Law, University of St. Petersburg
Mr. Dimitri Ivanovitch Mendeleeff, Scientist. (This illus-
trious scholar accepted the invitation, but died while mak-
ing preparations to come to America.)
Dr. Nikolai Konstantinovitch Mikhailovski, Author and
Critic
Mr. N. V. Muravieff, Statesman ; Minister of Justice
Mr. M. Ostrogorski, Publicist and Author
Very Reverend C. P. PobiedonostseflF, Procurator of the Holy
Synod ; Privy Councilor, Member of the Council of State.
(Died after accepting.)
Coimt Leo Tolstoi, Novelist and Social Reformer
SERVIA
Mr. Glicha Geschitsch, Statesman ; Member of the Hague
Court of Arbitration
Dr. Milovan Milovanovitsch, Publicist
Mr. Greorge Pavlovitch, Statesman
Dr. Milanki Vesnitch, Member of the Hague Court of
Arbitration
SIAM
Mr. Edward Henry Strobel, Professor International Law,
Harvard College
Mr. Phya Akharaj Varadhara, Diplomatist
SPAIN
Seflor Don Bernardo Jacinto de Cologan, Envoy Extraordi-
nary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States
Seflor Manuel Torres Campos, Statesman
Seflor Jose Ex:hegaray, Author
Seflor Bienvenido Oliver, Statesman
26
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Duke d'Almodovar del Rio, Statesman
Scfior Armando Palacio Valdes, Author
Sefior Rominuelo F. Villaverde, Statesman
SWEDEN
Mr. A. Grip, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to the United States
Prof. Dr. Svante August Arrhenius, Physicist
Dr. Christopher Per Olaf Aurivillius, Secretary of the Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences
Mr. Vemer von Heidenstam, Poet and Novelist
Miss Selma Lagerlof, Novelist
Dr. Gustav de Laval, Engineer and Inventor
Prof. Dr. N. O. G. Nordenskjold, Antarctic Explorer and
Author
Mr. S. R. D. K. d'Olivcrona, Statesman
Mr. Gustav Sundbarg, Statistician and Economist
SWITZERLAND
Mr. Leo Vogel, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to the United States
Mr. Charles Hilty, Professor International Law, University
of Berne
Mr. Charles Lardy, Member Hague Court of Arbitration
Dr. George Lunge, Professor of Chemistry in the Polytech-
nicum, Zurich
Mr. Emile Rott, Member of the Hague Court of Arbitration
Dr. Joseph Viktor Widmann, Editor and Author
TURKEY
Chekib Bey, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to the United States
URUGUAY
Sefior Dr. Eduardo Acevedo Diaz, Publicist
VENEZUELA
Sefior Dr. Rafael Garbinas Guzman, Statesman
27
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
When these guests were assembled, the following
program was arranged for their information and guid-
ance:
THURSDAY, APRIL 11, 1907
9.45 a.m.
The President of the Board of Trustees, Mr. William N.
Frew, will welcome the guests in the Founder's Room.
10.30 a.iii.
Municipal reception to visiting guests by the Mayor of Pitts-
burgh, Hon. George W. Guthrie, and Mrs. Guthrie, in the
Foyer. Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Carnegie will assist. The
President of the Board of Trustees, assisted by Mrs. Frew,
will present the guests. This reception will be followed by
an inspection of the Library, Museum, and Galleries of Fine
Arts, including the Intemational Annual Exhibition of
Paintings.
12.00 noon.
Guests may go to their domiciles for luncheon, and to prepare
for the later functions of the day.
1.30 p.m.
Academic procession from the Hotel Schenley to the Car-
negie Institute, under escort of the Faculty and Students of
the Carnegie Technical Schools. Those who are entitled to
wear academic dress are requested to do so.
2.00 p.m.
Dedication of the New Building by exercises in the Hall of
Music. The President of the Board of Trustees will preside.
3.00 p.m.
The Building will be thrown open to the general public, ex-
cept the Hall of Music and the Foyer, admission to which
will be by ticket.
28
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
4.00 p.111.
Upon the conclusion of the exercises in the Hall of Music,
guests will be invited to spend the time until five o'clock in
the various halls of the Building.
5.00 p.m.
Guests will be given an opportunity to go to their domiciles.
&15 p.111.
Concert of the Pittsburg Orchestra, conducted by Mr. Emil
Paur. Sir Edward Elgar, of London, will be present, and,
upon invitation of Mr. Paur and the Orchestra Committee,
will conduct one of his own compositions.
FRIDAY, APRIL 12, 1907
9.30 a.o[L
The members of the Board of Trustees who compose the
Technical Schools Committee will welcome the guests at the
Carnegie Technical Schools, and conduct them on a tour of
the school buildings.
10.30 a.m. to 12.00 noon.
Presentation of addresses from universities, colleges, and
kindred institutions, by their delegates, in the Hall of Music.
The President of the Board of Trustees will preside. (Note :
Academic dress.)
12.00 noon.
Drive in automobiles throu^ the parks and aroimd the
boulevards of Pittsburgh. A stop will be made at the Pitts-
burgh Country Club for luncheon.
2.00 p.m.
Addresses by distinguished guests in the Hall of Music, and
possibly in one or more of the other halls. The President of
the Board of Trustees will preside.
29
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
4.00 to S.OO p.m.
Tea for the ladies at the Margaret Morrison Carnegie School
for Women.
5.00 p.m.
Guests may repair to their homes for rest.
7.00 p.m.
Banquet at Hotel Schenley by the Trustees in honor of Mr.
and Mrs. Andrew Carnegie and the invited guests, including
the ladies of the party.
SATURDAY, APRIL 13, 1907
10.00 to 11.00 a.m.
Conferring of honorary degrees on foreign guests by the
Western University of Pennsylvania, in the Hall of Music.
The Chancellor of the University will preside. (Note:
Academic dress.)
11.30 a.m.
Leave Hotel Schenley by trolley-cars to Brown's Landing
(Homestead Bridge), Monongahela River.
12.00 noon to 5.00 p.m.
Boat ride on the Monongahela and Ohio Rivers, giving a view
of "Industrial Pittsburgh." Visit to Homestead Steel Works
of the Carnegie Steel Company. Luncheon to be served on
the boat.
BADGE
White Ribbon . . signifies Foreign Guest
Red Ribbon signifies .... American Guest
Blue Ribbon . . . signifies . , Carnegie Institute
30
THURSDAY MORNING
T ten o'clock on Thursday morning the
doors of the great building were thrown
open for the first time, and the trustees,
together with their American and foreign
guests, all wearing the souvenir silver
badge which had been prepared for the occasion, as-
sembled in the Founder's Room, where the guests
were presented to Mr. W. N. Frew, the president of
the Board of Trustees. Immediately afterward the
trustees escorted their guests to the grand foyer, where
a thousand electric lights illuminated that beautiful
apartment with its massive columns of Tinos marble,
and the gilded roof threw back the lights upon an ani-
mated scene. At a central point in the foyer stood the
Honorable George W. Guthrie, mayor of Pittsburgh,
with Mrs. Guthrie, and beside them were Mr. and Mrs.
Andrew Carnegie. When all were assembled. Mayor
Guthrie delivered the following, address of welcome :
3>
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Ladies and Gentlemen:
It is my very pleasant duty as chief executive of the
city of Pittsburgh to extend to you a hearty welcome,
and to give expression to the appreciation by the people
of this city of your kindness in coming here to assist us
in the dedication of the enlarged Carnegie Institute, of
which we are justly proud, and from which we expect
so much good to all within the reach of its influence.
It is indeed a great honor to us that you, who have
already earned honorable recognition for your distin-
guished public services in the various departments to
which you have devoted your lives, many of you rep-
resenting great institutions, some of them venerable
with age, and all of them loved and honored for their
services in the uplifting of himianity, should come so
far to welcome us as fellow-laborers, and wish us God-
speed in our work.
It is a very striking expression of the world-wide
interest in every effort tending toward the elevation
of man and the improvement of his condition, mentally,
morally, and physically. It shows the fellowship and
sympathy which exists between all those of whatever
country, who are engaged in that work. It is an inspira-
tion to hope that this feeling will continue, and bring
all men into closer and closer bonds of friendship and
appreciation, —
Till each man sees his own in all men's good.
And all men work in noble brotherhood.
3^
Fover of Auditorium
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
We hope that when the institution we are now
founding becomes venerable with years, and honored
for the lives which have there been trained for great
and useful works, the remembrance of your graceful
courtesy in assisting at our dedication shall still remain
in the minds and hearts of its children.
Many nations are represented among you by their
ambassadors or ministers to the United States, and
some also by special delegations representative of their
arts and industries. By your presence, you grace our
ceremonies, show sympathy with our work, and pay
respect to our founder, who regards his great wealth,
not as a toy to be used for his own pleasure, but as a
high trust; who does not make use of it as "a vantage
ground for winged ambition," but for the benefit of
humanity, exercising in its disbursement the same labor
and intelligence he used in its acquisition.
If our laws and customs permitted it, I know the
people of Pittsburgh would approve of presenting to
you the freedom of the city in return for your courtesy,
but it is not possible. It is not necessary for me to ex-
plain to our American guests the reason for this ; they
know why we have no such way of showing special
honor to visitors whom we esteem. Any one who comes
in peace and good-will enters our city and dwells there
of his own free will, and may at any time, when he has
complied with the requirements of the law, acquire
citizenship as a right; but citizenship can never be
given as a favor. I am not willing to tarnish our cere-
monies by a sham; what I can do, I do sincerely, and
33
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
that is to assure you that you are welcome, and that our
hearts and homes are open to you.
It seems proper, however, that I should make some
special acknowledgment to those of you who, at great
sacrifice of time and effort, have come from Europe to
grace our ceremonies with your presence.
To your Excellency, who, I understand, bears a per-
sonal message from his Majesty, the Emperor of Ger-
many, and your associates, I desire to say that the peo-
ple of the United States have never forgotten how in
the time of our great need Frederick the Great of Prus-
sia gave us his sympathy and support in the struggle
which made us a nation. We remember, too, that in
every phase of our national life, both in war and in
peace, the American citizens of German birth or an-
cestry, have never been surpassed by any others in their
loyalty and devotion, nor have they ever fallen behind
in any effort demanded for the defense of the nation,
or to promote its prosperity. It gives me pleasure to
say to your Excellency that in this city there are many
thousands of such citizens who have and deserve the
respect of all who know them. I have been honored
with the personal friendship of many of them, and I
know that, while their first loyalty is to this nation
where they now make their homes, they still look with
pride and affection to what they lovingly call "the
Fatherland," and place their wish for its prosperity and
happiness second only to that which they have for
America.
And to you who come from our sister republic of
34
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
France, permit me to say, that the tie which grew up
between us in 1776, a tie due to common aspirations
and mutual helpfulness, has never been weakened by
the intervening years. We acknowledge with gratitude
the help in war we received from you then, and the
benefits in the blessings of peace which we have re-
ceived from you since, in your contributions to art,
literature, science, and industry.
We also remember with gratitude the debt which we,
in common with all free people, owe to the Nether-
lands. It is to the courage and devotion of the people
of that country that the world to-day enjoys such a
large measure of civil and religious liberty. The
history of the world would have been different had
Holland yielded under the terrible pressure to
which she was subjected, and we are glad to have a
representative from her to honor this occasion with his
presence.
I am beggared in language to express to the repre-
sentatives of Great Britain the feelings with which we
welcome them. Down to a certain point in your history
your past is ours — ^your heroes and statesmen are ours,
and we share in your glories; our Constitution, laws,
and jurisprudence rest upon the same foundations and
are underlaid by the same principles as yours; your
Magna Charta enshrines the principles of civil liberty
which are guaranteed to us by our own Constitution.
Those who laid the foundation of our government drew
their inspiration largely from the struggles of the Eng-
lish people, and many of them were trained at English
35
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
institutions of learning, some of which are represented
here to-day. Your presence renews the ties of kindred,
of a conmion past, and a common standard of liberty
and justice.
In the friendship of the nations represented here to-
day lies the best assurance of the peace of the civilized
world. We are glad to believe that your presence
will tend to promote that mutual knowledge and re-
spect— that kindly touch of personal interest — that is
essential to a friendship which has the possibility of
such great blessings to all mankind.
The enlargement of the work of this institution, and
the placing of it upon a solid foundation, which we
owe entirely to the generosity and wisdom of Mr. An-
drew Carnegie — a generosity not exceeded in history —
means much to the people of Pittsburgh; and it is a
matter of great gratification to them that Mr. Carnegie
himself is present to receive our thanks and to join with
them in extending to you a most hearty welcome. [Ap-
plause]
At the conclusion of Mayor Guthrie's speech, all those
present were introduced first to the Mayor and Mrs.
Guthrie, and afterward to Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Car-
negie, who spoke gracious words of welcome to each
guest in turn. When all had been presented, Mr. and
Mrs. Carnegie led their guests in a tour of the various
departments of the Institute, and the trustees explained
many objects of interest to the little groups as they
filed through the great halls. When this most inter-
36
Souvenir badge worn at Dedication
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
csting inspection had been accomplished, the guests re-
turned to the Hotel Schenley, where informal luncheons
were served.
THE PROCESSION
At half past one o'clock, the visiting guests were
formed in procession by Mr. George H. Wilson, acting
as Marshal, and were escorted to the new building by
the Director and Faculty of the Carnegie Technical
Schools in the following order :
Dr. Arthur Arton Hamerschlag
Director Carnegie Technical Schools
Prof. Alexander J. Wurts, Prof. William E. Gibbs,
Mr. Clifford B. ConncUcy,
Head of Apprentices and Journeymen School
Prof. Henry Hombostel, Prof. Samuel S. Keller,
Mr. John H. Lcete,
Reg^trar
Prof. George H. Follows, Prof. Willibald Trinks,
Mr. William P. Field,
Secretary
Prof. Allen H. Willett, Prof. Joseph H. James,
Prof. John S. McLucas,
Prof. Fred Crabtree, Mr. Henry K. McGoodwin,
Prof. Walter F. Knox,
«
Dr. P. J. Eaton, Dr. James I. Johnston,
Dr. J. H. Anderson,
37
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Dr. Herbert F. Sill, Mr. Henry S. Hower,
Mr. H. Leland Lowe
Mr. William R. Work, Mr. Horace R. Thayer,
Mr. Martin Hokanson
Mr. Percy L. Reed, Mr. Charles C. Leeds,
Mr. R. S. Tombau^
Mr. Oliver L. Bear, Mr. William A. Bassett,
Mr. William Pfouts
Mr. J. S. Sproull, Mr. William B. Doyle,
Mr. Albert Mamatey
Mr. Charles S. Parsons, Mr. David Bums,
Mr. John H. Nolen
Mr. C. W. Howard, Mr. John H. Hill.
Dr. William J. Holland, Mr. John W. Beatty,
Director of the Museum Director of Department of Fine Arts
Mr. Charles Heinroth
Organist
President William N. Frew, Mr. Andrew Carnegie.
38
-1
Mr. H. S. Lightcap, Mr. Fred F. Mcintosh, i
Mr. Enoch George i
•-1
i»
>•
Mr. Anderson H. Hopkins, Mr. Emil Paur,
Librarian Carnegie Library Director Pittsburgh Orchestra "iy
'k
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
His Excellency Lieutenant-
Gcneral Alfred von Loewen-
f eld, Germany
Dr. Ernest S. Roberts, Vice-
Chancellor of Cambridge
University, England
Baron Edmondo Mayor des
Planches, Italy
Senator Paul Doumer, France
Dr. Reinhold Koser, Germany
Sir Robert Cranston, Scotland
Colonel Gustav Dickhuth, Ger-
many
Mr. Joost Marius Willem
Van der Poorten-Schwartz
("Maartcn Maartens"),
Holland
Mr. Camille Enlart, France
Dr. P. Chalmers Mitchell,
England
Sefior Don Joaquin Bernardo
Calvo, Costa Rica
Scnor Don E. C. Joubert,
Dominican Republic
Jonkheer R. de Marees van
Swinderen, Netherlands
Dr. Friederich S. Archenhold,
Germany
Mr. C. F. Moberly Bell, Eng-
land
Provost James Currie Mac-
beth, Scotland
Mr. William Archer, England
Baron d'Estouraelles de Con-
stant, France
Dr. John Rh^s, Principal of
Jesus College, Oxford Uni-
versity, England
His Excellency Theodor von
Moeller, Germany
Sir Robert S. Ball, England
Baron Moncheur, Belgium
Mr. Leonce Benedite, France
Sir William Henry Preece,
England
Mr. Emst von Ihne, Germany
Prof. Fritz Schaper, Germany
Sir Edward Elgar, England
Sefior Don L. F. Corea, Nica-
ragua
Sefior Don Gonzalo de Que-
sada, Cuba
Sefior Don Epifanio Portela,
Argentine Republic
Dr. John Ross, Scotland
Mr. William T. Stead, Eng-
land
Mr. William Robertson, Scot-
land
Mr. Jules Rais, France
Coimt Tcherep Spiridovitch,
Russia
Bishop Canevin,
Bishop Whitehead
Mayor George W. Guthrie
39
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
President Robert S. Wood-
ward, Carnegie Institution,
Washington, D. C.
Hon. Elmer Ellsworth Brown,
Commissioner Bureau of
Exlucation
Mr. Richard Watson Gilder,
Editor "Century Magazine"
Hon. Richard Bartholdt, Con-
gressman
Mr. Joseph Wharton, Phila-
delphia
President Arthur T. Hadley,
Yale University
President Jacob G. Schurman,
Cornell University
Principal William Peterson,
McGill University
President Ira Remsen, Johns
Hopkins University
Prof. William H. Welch,
Johns Hopkins University
President Flavel S. Luther,
Trinity College
President G. Stanley Hall,
Clark University
President Charles S. Howe,
Case School of Applied
Science
President John H. Finley, Col-
lege of the City of New
York
Chancellor Henry M. Mac-
Cracken, New York Univer-
sity
President Samuel Plantz, Law-
rence University
Secretary Charles D. Walcott,
Smithsonian Institution
President Henry S. Pritchett,
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology
Mr. George Westinghouse
Rear-admiral Colby M. Chester
Mr. J. G. Schmidlapp, Cincin-
nati
Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke, Di-
rector Metropolitan Museum
of Art
President E. J. James, Uni-
versity of Illinois
President Henry S. Drinker,
Lehigh University
President Winthrop E. Stone,
Purdue University
Prof. William M. Davis, Har-
vard University
President Edmund A. Engler,
Worcester Polytechnic Insti-
tute
Chancellor S. B. McCormick,
Western University of Penn-
sylvania
President Charles F. Thwing,
Western Reserve University
Governor James A. Beaver,
Acting President Pennsyl-
vania State College
President Charles W. Need-
ham, George Washington
University
President Henry C. King,
Oberlin College
40
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
President Thomas McClelland,
Knox College
President George H. Denny,
Washington and Lee Uni-
versity
President James D. MoflFatt,
Washington and Jefferson
College
President I. C. Ketler, Grove
City College
President Edwin B. Craighead,
Tulane University of Louisi-
ana
Director William S. Aldrich,
Clarkson School of Technol-
ogy
Dean H. T. Bovey, McGill
University
Prof. Thomas Evans, Univer-
sity of Cincinnati
Mr. Joseph A. Holmes, United
States Geographical Survey
President Booker T. Washing-
ton, Tnskegee Institute
President Henry D. Lindsay,
Pennsylvania College for
Women
Dr. I; Minis Hays, Secretary
American Philosophical So-
ciety
Director John S. Billings, New
York Public Library
Dr. Richard H. Harlan, Lake
Forest University
Director W. W. Campbell,
Lick Observatory
President F. W. Atkinson,
Brooklyn Polytechnic Insti-
tute
President Henry Lefavour,
Sinunons College
President George E. Reed,
Dickinson College
President William H. Craw-
ford, Allegheny College
Vice-chancellor H. M. Bell,
Drake University
Dean John Gralbraith, Toronto
University
Dean Frederick A. Goetze,
Columbia University
Prof. George Grant McCurdy,
Yale University Museum
Prof. Dwinel F. Thompson,
Rensselaer Polytechnic Insti-
tute
Secretary Frederick B. Pratt,
Pratt Institute
Prof. David Emmert, Juniata
College
Dr. Nathan C. Schaeffer, Super-
intendent of Public Instruc-
tion of Pennsylvania
Director H. C. Bumpus, Amer-
ican Musetim of Natural
History
Director Exlward Robinson,
Boston Museum of Fine Arts
President Samuel Sheldon,
American Institution of
Electrical Engineers
41
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Director Franklin W. Hooper,
Brooklyn Institute of Arts
and Sciences
Director A. H. Griffith, Detroit
Museum of Art
Director W. T. Homaday,
New York 2k>dlogical Park
Ex-President S. F. Scovel,
University of Worcester
Chief Curator F. A. Lucas,
Brooklyn Institute of Arts
and Sciences
Director Benjamin Ives Gil-
man, Boston Museum of
Fine Arts
Director William H. Fox,
John Herron Art Institute
Mr- Hamilton Wright Mabie,
Associate Editor of "Outlook"
President J. G. Rosengarten,
Philadelphia Free Library
Mr. John W. Alexander,
Painter
Mr. Frank E. Alden,
Architect
Mr. Alfred B. Harlow,
Architect
Director W. M. R, French,
Art Institute of Chicago
President Daniel Merriman,
Worcester Art Museum
Manager John G. Heywood,
Worcester Art Museum
Director Charles M. Kurtz,
Buffalo Academy of Fine
Arts
Managing Director Charles S.
Smith, People's Institute,
New York
Mr. George W. Cable, Author
Curator William H. Goodyear,
Brookljm Institute of Arts
and Sciences
Director J. H. Gest, Cincin-
nati Museum Association
Colonel S. S. McClure, Editor
of "McClure*s Magazine"
Mr. Thomas L. Montgomery,
State Librarian, Pennsyl-
vania
Mr. Henry Krehbeil, Musical
Critic and Author
Mr. Greorge C. Palmer,
Architect
TRUSTEES
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary
Mr. Robert Pitcaim,
Vice-President
Hon. James H. Reed
Treaaurer
Mr. C. C. Mellor
42
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Nf r. John Caldwell, Mr. George A. Macbeth,
Mr. J. C. Wasson
Or. John A. Brashear, Mr. William Metcalf, Jr.,
Hon. James R. Macfarlane
Hon. Joseph BufHngton Hon. John D. Shafer,
Hon. Josiah G>hen
Hon. Henry Kirke Porter, Rev. A. A. Lambing,
Mr. George T. Oliver
Mr. Albert J. Barr, Mr. James F. Hudson,
Mr. William Brand
Mr. W. Lucien Scaife, Mr. Edward M. Bigelow
Dr. E. R. Walters
Mr. Charles L. Taylor Mr. Joseph R. Woodwell
Mr. A. Bryan Wall
Mr. Durbin Home Dr. M. E. O'Brien
Mr. P. A. Manion
Mr. S. C. Jamison Mr. John Werner
Mr. Andrew W. Mellon
Mr. William McConway Mr. John B. Jackson
Mr. George H. Clapp
Students of the Carnegie Technical Schools
43
THURSDAY AFTERNOON
0 o'clock was the hour set for the com-
lencement of the dedication ceremonies
Q the Hall of Music, and at that time
very seat in the auditorium was oc-
cupied, while several thousand persons
stood outside to witness the approach of the guests in
procession. The audience represented all sections of
Pittsburgh society, including the different professional,
business, social, and labor circles, one hundred men
chosen from the various mills having seats with their
wives beside them. The first box was occupied by Mrs.
Andrew Carnegie and a party of relatives and friends.
The second box contained Mrs. William N. Frew as
hostess, and Lady Cranston, Mile. Benedite, Mme.
Ernst von Ihne, Mme. Fritz Schaper, and Mrs. W. T.
Stead. In the third box was Mrs. George W. Guthrie
as hostess, and Mme. Friedrich S. Archenhold, Mrs.
C. F. Moberly Bell, Mme. Camille Enlart, Miss
Van der Poorten-Schwartz, and Mrs. P. Chalmers
45
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mitchell. The fourth box was occupied by Mrs. S. H.
Church as hostess, Miss Use Dickhuth, Miss Oliven
Rh^s, Mrs. Ernest S. Roberts, Mrs. George Westing-
house, and Mrs. James H. Reed.
When the audience had been seated, the foreign
guests were escorted to the platform by Mr. George H.
Wilson, acting as Marshal ; and as the familiar faces of
the distinguished men were recognized from time to
time the audience broke into enthusiastic manifesta-
tions of welcome. The last to come into view was Mr.
Andrew Carnegie, who was greeted with such a stirring
cheer as must have given him a new conception of
the admiration and affection of his neighbors, and it
was prolonged for several minutes. With the guests
seated on the front chairs on the platform and the
trustees at the center, the speakers then occupied their
seats in the following order : Dr. John Rh^s, Dr. Ernest
S. Roberts, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, Mr. W. N. Frew,
Mr. S. H. Church, Mr. Paul Doumer, his Excellency
Theodor von Moeller, and Baron d'Estournelles de
Constant. The military dress of the soldiers and the
many-colored gowns of the doctors of learning, flanked
on either side by the women in the boxes, with a gaily
dressed audience in front and a garden of roses and
palms at the rear of the platform, made the scene one of
great animation and splendor. When all had been
seated, Mr. Charles Heinroth, at the organ, played
"Ein feste Burg," by Martin Luther, and "Festal Pre-
lude," by Gaston M. Dethier, and when the last swell-
ing note had died away. Dr. John Rh^s, Principal of
46
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Jesus College, Oxford University, stepped forward
and read a passage of Scripture from the third chapter
of Proverbs, on the beauty of wisdom-
LESSON FROM THE OLD TESTAMENT
READ BY
DOCTOR JOHN RHtS
PRINCIPAL OP JUUS COLLSCB, UNIVERSITY OP OXPORD
Provbrbs m, 9-27
9 Honor the Lord with thy substance, and with
the first fruits of all thine increase :
10 So shall thy bams be filled with plenty, and thy
presses shall burst out with new wine.
1 1 My son, despise not the chastening of the Lord ;
neither be weary of his correction :
12 For whom the Lord loveth he correcteth; even
as a father the son in whom he delighteth.
13 Happy is the man that findeth wisdom, and the
man that getteth understanding :
14 For the merchandise of it is better than the
merchandise of silver, and the gain thereof than fine
gold.
15 She is more precious than rubies: and all the
things thou canst desire are not to be compared unto
her.
16 Length of days is in her right hand; and in her
left hand riches and honor.
47
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
17 Her ways are ways of pleasantness, and all her
paths are peace.
18 She is a tree of life to them that lay hold upon
her : and happy is every one that retaineth her.
19 The Lord by wisdom hath founded the earth;
by understanding hath he established the heavens.
20 By his knowledge the depths are broken up,
and the clouds drop down the dew.
21 My son, let not them depart from thine eyes:
keep sound wisdom and discretion :
22 So shall they be life unto thy soul, and grace to
thy neck.
23 Then shalt thou walk in thy way safely, and
thy foot shall not stumble.
24 When thou liest down, thou shalt not be afraid :
yea, thou shalt lie down, and thy sleep shall be sweet.
25 Be not afraid of sudden fear, neither of the
desolation of the wicked, when it cometh.
26 For the Lord shall be thy confidence, and shall
keep thy foot from being taken.
27 Withhold not good from them to whom it is
due, when it is in the power of thine hand to do it.
I
\
48
Grand Stairway
The Reverend Doctor Ernest S. Roberts, Vice-Chan-
cellor of Cambridge University, delivered the invoca-
tion.
INVOCATION
BY THK
REVEREND DOCTOR E. S. ROBERTS
IIASTBR OP OONVILLB AND CAIVS COLLBGB,
VICB-CHAMCBLLOR OP THB UNIVBKSmr OP CAMBBIDGB
Let us pray
For all churches and all associations united in endeav-
ors for the amelioration of mankind ;
For all sovereigns and governors, and especially here
and to-day for the President of the United States ;
For all great councils and parliaments that they may
be wise in legislation and pure in purpose ;
For all ministers and dispensers of God's Holy
Word, that in their several stations they may serve
truly and faithfully to the honor of God and the wel-
fare of His people ;
And that there never may be wanting a supply of
persons duly qualified to serve God both in Church and
State, let us pray for a blessing on all seminaries of
sound learning and religious education, especially the
universities of the world and all centers of higher edu-
cation and training, and the arts and sciences ; and here-
49
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
in I desire your prayers for the president, the professors
and the students of the Western University of Penn-
sylvania, and for the president and trustees of this in-
stitution, and for all who are to benefit therefrom.
Pray we likewise for the civil government of this
city, for the Honorable the Mayor, the aldermen, and
all that bear office therein.
Lastly, let us pray for all people of all races in all
lands, that they may come to live in the true faith and
fear of God, in dutiful allegiance to their country's
laws, in sincere and conscientious conmiunication with
the fellowship of all good men, and in brotherly love
and Christian charity one toward another.
And as we pray for future mercies so let us praise
Grod's most holy name for those that we have already
received, and in particular here and to-day let us praise
Him for that He did prompt Andrew Carnegie to lay
the foundation of this stately establishment, and later
did put into the heart of the same man. His servant,
greatly to further that beginning, and generously to
make provision for the intellectual welfare of genera-
tions to come.
These prayers and praises let us humbly offer up to
the throne of Heaven in the words which Christ Him-
self hath taught us :
Our Father, who art in heaven. Hallowed be thy
Name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done on
earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily
bread. And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive
50
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
those who trespass against us. And lead us not into
temptation ; But deliver us from evil : For thine is the
kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and
ever. Amen.
51
Mr, S. H. Church then read the following letter from
the President of the United States, being frequently in-
terrupted by applause :
THE WHITE HOUSE
Washington
April 11, 1907.
My dear Sir:
I am not able to be present myself with you, there-
fore let me through you express my appreciation of the
great work done by the founding of the Carnegie In-
stitute. Wealth is put to a noble use when applied to
purposes such as those the Carnegie Institute is so well
designed to serve. Every such institute, every founda-
tion designed to serve the educational uplifting of our
people, represents just so much gain for American life,
just so much credit for us collectively as a nation. The
success of our republic is predicated upon the high in-
dividual efficiency of the average citizen ; and the Car-
negie Institute is one of those institutions which tends
to bring about this high individual efficiency. Many
things go to make up such efficiency. There must be a
sound body; there must be physical hardihood and ad-
dress in the use of trained nerve and muscle ; there must
52
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
also be a high degree of trained intellectual develop-
ment, a high degree of that intelligence which can only
be obtained when there is both power to act on indivi-
dual initiative, and power to act in disciplined coordi-
nation with others. And, finally, there must be that
training on the moral side which means the production
in the average citizen of a high type of character — the
character which sturdily insists upon rights, and no less
whole-heartedly and in the fullest fashion recognizes
the fact that the performance of duty to others stands
even ahead of the insistence upon one's own rights.
Through you I extend my heartiest congratulations
to Mr. Carnegie, and my wishes that he may have many
happy returns of this day, together with the acknow-
ledgment which all of us must make of the public ser-
vice he so signally renders when he founds institutions
of this type.
Sincerely yours,
Theodore Roosevelt.
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary^ Carnegie Institute,
Pittfburgh, Pa.
53
President Frew, in presenting Mr. Andrew Carnegie,
said : "It is unnecessary for me to introduce him to you.
Mr. Carnegie — ''
The mention of Mr. Carnegie's name was greeted
with a great cheer from the audience. When quiet was
restored, Mr. Carnegie said :
Mr. President^ Ladies^ and Gentlemen:
I HAVE been in a dream from the moment I entered this
Institute yesterday. I have been in a dream all morn-
ing, and I am not yet awake. [Laughter and applause^
I really can not understand it all. I think there is a
defect in my nature. I confess to you, as I have had
to confess to several, that I am totally unable to real-
ize that I have had any part in creating this Institute.
[Applause^ I have the same feeling about our sum-
mer home in Scotland. I do not think any man ever
loved the moors, lochs, and mountains more deeply
than I, and yet I walk over them and can not feel the
slightest sense of ownership. I doubt whether there is
a man or woman living who can really own mountains
and streams and lochs and miles of heather. I do not
see how he can grasp the fact that they belong to him. I
utterly fail. And here I can no more get a conception
that this Institute, this great and beautiful gem, which
astonishes Mrs. Carnegie and me alike, is my work.
54
^— ^
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Yesterday, when I was telling Mrs. Carnegie that I felt
that Aladdin and his lamp had been at work, that genii
had created the Institute, she said, ''Yes, and we did
not even have to rub the lamp/' [Laughter'] I assure
you this is not make-believe. I am truly serious in say-
ing that I can not feel where my connection with all
this comes in. I said to myself, "Yes, you gave Mr.
Frew a little piece of paper addressed to Mr. Franks
saying that he would honor the draft." Very well, I
did, but I have never seen the bonds which they tell me
I possess, — never! [Laughter] I know Mr. Franks
says he has them, and that is all. Ladies and gentle-
men, there is no realizing sense of possession possible
to me under such circumstances. I can honestly ex-
claim in a sense with Falstaff that "there 's no purchase
in money." I do not miss what I gave. As far as I
know there are as many bonds lying in the vault as
there were before. [Laughter] Therefore, I hope you
will believe me that all this talk about what I have
done, and how I must feel about it, is positively with-
out foundation. I can not feel so. And, ladies and
gentlemen, with your permission, I propose to dream
on. [Applause]
1 made a few notes to which I will refer, because
there are so many names and so many things which I
wish to mention, that I would be apt to forget.
It is just eleven years since I stood here and handed
over the then Carnegie Institute to Pittsburgh. It was
a combination, as I believe not before attempted, of
library, art gallery, museum, and hall of music. The
55
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
city was to maintain the Library, and, let me say in
passing, most generously has she done so. {^Applause^
There are seven branch libraries required for her swell-
ing population. I congratulate Pittsburgh upon being
among the foremost cities of the world in public library
development. [Applause^ She certainly has no su-
perior,— ^in the presence of gentlemen from many cities,
I hesitate to say more than that she has no superior, —
but I think a little. [Applause'] I do not express my
thought. [Laughter] Mr. Hopkins, the present li-
brarian, has proved himself a fit successor to Mr.
Anderson. Higher praise it would be difficult to be-
stow. [Applause] The Department of Fine Arts,
Museum, Hall of Music, and Technical Schools, since
added, were to be endowed by me as unconditional
gifts to the community. The Library may be considered
a necessity for the city; the other departments, in our
day, may be thought of somewhat as luxuries.
The project took form in this way. A sum was of-
fered by me for a free library, which the officials of
Pittsburgh in their wisdom at that time refused. Our
first home in the new land, Allegheny City, fortunately
for both parties, recently married to Pittsburgh, then
asked whether the rejected gift would be given to her.
I was delighted. The Allegheny Library and Hall are
the result of what was really Pittsburgh's money, fortu-
nately now part of the bride's dowry. [Applause]
The matter was not allowed to rest, for a young, pure,
and public-spirited citizen, a member of council, moved
that a committee of three be appointed to confer with
56
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
me upon the subject. The motion carried, and the com*
mittee came, the chairman being the gentleman who
presides to-day. [Applause'] It is fortunate that there
exists in American cities a class which responds to the
call of duty, and has in all emergencies arisen to hon-
estly and well serve or save the state. I place in that
class the Mayor whom you have to-day. [Applause']
I said to the committee that the sum I originally pro-
posed was too small, and instead of $250,000 given to
Allegheny, I would now give Pittsburgh $1,000,000.
The matter stood in this position until President Harri-
son accompanied me here to open the Library and Hall
in Allegheny. This was too much for Pittsburgh. A
President had never visited Pittsburgh before for such
an occasion. To think that the first one should pass
over the river and visit Allegheny ! The next morning
that public-spirited citizen, Christopher L. Magee, and
some councilmen came to see me. They could not stand
what had happened. My offer was accepted and the
Institute appeared. [Applause]
A little bit of history may be told here, since it brings
into view one of the greatest of modern philosophers.
I received a letter from Herbert Spencer, who had vis-
ited Pittsburgh with me just after the Library was
refused. He was bitter about some letters from cor-
respondents in the papers, who explained to their own
satisfaction, no doubt, that my aim was only to erect a
monument for myself. When I made the larger offer,
he wrote that after Pittsburgh's former rejection it
should have been allowed to suffer the consequences, to
57
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
which I replied that if I had offered the gift in order to
please Pittsburgh or court popularity, or to erect a
monument, I should probably have felt as he indicated ;
but as my sincere desire was to promote the good of
Pittsburgh and not my own good, I was not wounded
at its refusal, and I rejoiced when Pittsburgh changed
its mind and was willing to maintain a public library,
for, ladies and gentlemen, it is not what a man gives,
but what he induces communities to give, or to perform,
that produces the most precious fruit. [^Applause^
What we do for ourselves is more stimulating than
what others do for us. In this case Pittsburghers knew
I was one of themselves, for here it was that fortune
came to me, and it is as a Pittsburgher I have labored
for Pittsburgh. This Institute is built by a Pittsburgher
with Pittsburgh money for Pittsburgh. You all know
the beneficent results which have followed.
The Hall of Music, under Mr. Wilson's able control,
led to the organization of your permanent orchestra,
how rare an acquisition, of which neither London nor
New York can boast. There are only three in America,
and not one in Great Britain; one in Russia; one in
France; and, I have no doubt, several in that great
home and birthplace of the musical masters, Germany.
Pittsburgh, I trust, is not to be deprived of that unique
distinction. Assuredly such an orchestra, under Mr.
Paur's fine direction, brings far-reaching and most de-
sirable fruits in plenteous measure. [Applause'] The
organ recitals are not to be overlooked. Many are the
youths of Pittsburgh, who through these will have their
58
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
finer natures touched and attuned, the results being
lifelong. I attach so much importance to music. I be-
lieve with him who wrote: "Oh! music, sacred tongue
of God, I hear thee calling, and I come." Cherish your
orchestra and develop your musical facilities here.
Believe me, music is the highest expression which the
human race has yet attained. [Applause'\
The Museum, under the indefatigable Dr. Holland,
one of yourselves, and a Pittsburgher, can scarcely be
spoken of in sober terms. With only a small portion of
the fund enjoyed by two or three similar institutions,
which I understand will be largely augmented, how-
ever, by the trustees, it has produced results not less,
and in some respects even greater, than these larger in-
stitutions. Indeed, some of the remarkable finds of
ancient animals have placed it foremost in all the world
in this department. Dr. Holland's gift of his unsur-
passed entomological collection was the first chief ac-
quisition of the Museum, but the Doctor has made a
much more valuable gift since. He has given himself.
[Applausel [As Mr. Carnegie continued to mention
the names of his friends, the audience caught the spirit
of his amiability and applauded until each one arose on
the platform and bowed his thanks for the compliment.
This play between the orator and his audience greatly
quickened the animation of the speech.] The Museum
has attained international position as one of the world's
institutions and reflects infinite credit upon its director
and his staff. Of Dr. Holland it may be said he grows
more famous as he travels from home. I am very apt
59
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to forget what he is, and, while he is with me in New
York or here, treat him as only one of ourselves. And
the same way with Professor Brashear, to whom the
Institute owes much. [^Great applause^ These great
men are all very modest. You do well to cheer Brashear
and Holland. It is only when they are met in Europe
that one is brought to realize the great gulf between
these two men and the like of me and the others.
The Boys' Naturalists Club is an outgrowth of the
Museum, and of much moment.
Now there comes the Department of Fine Arts, under
the management of Mr. Beatty, also a Pittsburgher,
which has also achieved a high position, and reflects in-
finite credit upon the man who has been its director
from the beginning. Its annual exhibitions are events
looked forward to both here and in Europe. Pictures
are sent here by the first artists of Europe, I am in-
formed, to a greater extent than to any other American
exhibition, those of New York not excepted. I often
hear the story of our jury skying a picture by the great
Detaille. I should like all these celebrated Frenchmen,
and all the other gentlemen, to listen to this story.
There is a lesson in it for all of us : They skied one of
the pictures by the great Detaille. By the by, I take
credit myself for just a little artistic sense, and I never
could favor the pictures by Meissonier ; I always said,
no, no, Detaille is the greater artist. I only want
Beatty and these men in the artistic class to know that
I can't be fooled all the time, that is, I do know a little.
[Laugh ter"] When the gentlemen of the jury were in-
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formed that they had skied Detaille the reply was su-
perb. Mr. John Caldwell's jury said: "We can't help
that; we don't regard names here, but art. It would
have been the same if it had been painted by Rem-
brandt." \_Applause and laughter'] I congratulate
Pittsburgh upon this exhibition of triumphant demo-
cracy. [Laughter] Pedigree does not count in the
Pittsburgh Institute ; and the manner in which we elect
our jury is thoroughly democratic. Every artist who
exhibits is sent a ballot to vote for eight or nine men for
a j ury . Those who receive a ma j ori ty of votes are elected
judges, and they render the verdict. I am bound to say
it is not always satisfactory to all the exhibitors. Yet,
I remark, you do not hear any of their complaints
through the omnipotent press. They are silent.
[Laughter]
Our ceremony to-day embraces the Technical Schools.
These are part of the Institute, and no mean part. In
direct practical results, under the magical sway of Dr.
Hamerschlag, [L^;2^ applause] — it is astonishing what
good judges this audience is of men! [Laughter and
applause] — ^perhaps it is to overshadow any other part,
for it opens to students of both sexes, through the doors
of knowledge, new and improved scientific modes of
reaching higher results through better means. It ele-
vates mere manual labor, making it more the product of
the brain and less of the hand, of skill rather than of
force. Based upon science and more refined methods, it
must create finer tastes. All the Technical students
have free access to Library, Department of Fine Arts,
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Music Hall, and Museum. Our Technical Schools,
therefore, while resting upon the severely practical
foundation of teaching young men and women how
best to fit themselves to earn their bread by the sweat
of their brows, may be regarded as also educational in
esthetic fields in no small degree. Thus, while giving
them the best of all foundations for building up char-
acter, there are also the refining and broadening in-
fluences of culture in other directions. The students
feel that they are to be no mere drones living upon
others, but are preparing to become of use in the world,
winning the respect of others because possessed of their
own.
I am told there arc to-day thirteen hundred and
ninety students, young men and young women, and
several thousands waiting admission. In every depart-
ment there exist obvious proofs of intense earnestness,
great esprit de corps^ and a determination to profit by
the advantages offered. Already there have been de-
veloped strong feelings of pride in and love for the
schools.
Thus, ladies and gentlemen, wherever we look
around us, in every branch of the Institute, we find
success written in large and unmistakable letters. The
tree has borne good fruit abundantly, year after year
in the past, and promises to continue to do so increas-
ingly, year after year, generation after generation.
The end, no man can foretell. \^Applause\ This
proves the presence of an able and devoted organizer at
the head of the Commission to whom especial thanks
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are due. Mr. Frew has been a harmonizing and con- [ I
stnictive force throughout. [^Applause] Hence the | j I'
success of the Institute. He would be the first to ac- \
knowledge the invaluable services rendered by Mr.
Church, the all-pervading secretary [Applause^ and
historian, remember, of the Institute. Then there is
Judge Reed, the treasurer without bond. [Applause]
Ladies and gentlemen, even all the reports in these days > M
of failure to perform fiduciary duties have never moved * P
us to ask a bond from Judge Reed. If he should fall, I
should feel as Shakspere's Henry V did when he said
of Lord Scroop: "For this revolt of thine, methink, is
like another fall of man." Then there is Mr. John
Caldwell, chairman of the Fine Arts Committee \^Ap-
plause] ; and my fellow Sunday-school scholar, Charlie
Mellor. [Applause] We both went to the same church, • ^ ^
and I do not believe there is one in a hundred knows . | ||;
what kind of a church it was we went to. It was the . ? \i
Swedenborgian. I do not believe Mr. Mellor lives any-
where else than in the Museum. I hope you will call * ^ i^
on him. [Applause] Then there is another man of the
same persuasion, Mr. Macbeth [Applause] ; and Mr.
McConway, chairman of the Technical Schools Com-
mittee, he is another. [Applause] Where is he? He
is not here. He is out of the city. Well, ladies and
gentlemen, I will make a graceful bow for him. [Ap-
plause] [Mr. Carnegie made a deep obeisance amid
great laughter and applause.] And Mr. Metcalf,
chairman of the Conunittee of Buildings and Grounds.
[Applause] Last, Mr. Wasson, of the Music Hall
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Committee, a town councilor, whose heart is in this
work as well. Now, let us call on him. [Applause^
Ah, ladies and gentlemen, not one of these men whom I
have named, the chairmen of the various committees,
could be induced to take a dollar for all the labor and
all the thought he has given to this Institute. [Ap^
plausel^ I would say to our foreign guests, who read a
great deal about the troubles we have in this country,
that our troubles are only skin-deep. Partizanship is
only skin-deep. Why, deep down below, we are all
good friends. It is a great country; I am a great optim-
ist. I can not see anything wrong in the joyous repub-
lic, and especially, not even with a magnifying glass,
could I find anything wrong with Pittsburgh ! [Long
applause]
Now, you see, judging by the past, the Institute's
future promises well. There is no question of Pitts-
burgh's continued growth, no indications that she will
not retain her commanding position as a manufacturing
city, foremost in certain important lines; and in my
view there is no question of the continued growth and
usefulness of the Institute. In after days when the
Founder becomes merely a name, as Harvard and Yale
and Cornell and many founders are to-day, the future
Pittsburgh millionaire, loyal to the city where he has
prospered, will see that his bequests can be best be-
stowed upon needed extensions or new departments or
collateral institutions now unthought of. [Applause]
It will become more and more the fashion, may I not say
the duty, of Pittsburghers to consider what return they
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can make to the city which has done so much for them.
[^Applause^ Wealth will be less prized for itself in
future generations, and the chief aim will be to bestow
it wisely, and, I may add, justly; for surely the city,
where wealth is made, has, after the family, the first
claim. I read a will in your newspapers yesterday, I
wish I could remember the name, it was familiar. The
man left his estate to institutions of this city. I hope
the press will look that up and insert that benefactor's
name.
A Voice : John Porterfield. [Applause']
Yes, that 's it; that was the name, and I knew him.
Was it Porterfield alone ?
A Voice : Porterfield and Stevenson.
Yes, I thought he had a partner. There is an ex-
ample for you ! [Applause] What a poor legacy does
a man leave to his children and his children's children,
who prospers here, and dies without remembering his
city. [Applause] Oh, I speak now the word of sober-
ness to you men. Here lies your duty. "For he that
loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can he
love God whom he hath not seen?" I think that is a
very good text. Now when this fact is realized, Pitts-
burgh will be abundantly supplied, and this Institute
will have become the precursor of other institutions,
the gifts of Pittsburgh men for Pittsburgh. [Applause]
Now I wish to speak of a very pleasant feature. The
gifts to the various departments of the Institute have
already been so nimierous that mention of the donors
is impracticable. More than twenty have been given
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to the Art Gallery; between four and five hundred to
the Museum, some of the gifts being extremely valu-
able; no less than seven hundred to the Library; and,
here is a bright spot, even the Technical School, which
has just started, has received $15,CXX) to found a schol-
arship to be given to a poor but worthy student. {^Ap-
plause^ I was happier when I received that letter than
I have been for a long time. This, within a few months
of its creation, is only one of the many proofs that we
have there the right man in the right place, and that the
school is to be heard from in the future. [Applause']
The names of the donors arc recorded in the annals of
the Institute, and will furnish pleasant reading to their
descendants in future generations. These proofs of
genuine Pittsburgh cooperation are the sweetest of all
possible rewards. They have enabled me to dwell upon
the fact that I am not alone in this work, and at inter-
vals they whisper, "You are not alone, you have Pitts-
burgh with you," delicious music that comes to my
heart and makes me glad.
There is room for many things of the spirit in our
city. Things material are abundant. Our mills and
factories are nimierous, large and prosperous, but things
material, including money itself, should only be the
foundation upon which we build things spiritual. Our
mines of iron and coal have not completed their mission
when transmuted into articles for use; not even com-
pleted their mission when transmuted into dollars. All
is still upon the material plane. Not until the dollars
are transmuted into service for others, in one of the
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many forms best calculated to appeal to and develop
the higher things of the moral, intellectual and esthetic
life, has wealth completely justified its existence. [Ap-
plause^ Dollars are only dross until spiritualized, a
means to an end ; and miserable is the man, mean and
squalid his life, who knows no better than to deaden his
soul by mere possession, counting over the hoard which
holds him down, or using his faculties in old age in
augmenting the useless stuff which ministers not to any
taste worthy of man. [^Applause]
There is surely to arise from the wealth created here
a body of men who will find in the distribution of their
gains where they were made, the genuine reward which
surplus wealth can give, the knowledge that it is cer-
tain in after years to elevate, refine, and purify the
lives of those who succeed us, and that we have left one
spot of earth at least a little better than we found it.
There is one body of men to whom the Institute pri-
marily owes its success : the Commission which has la-
bored so generously as trustees from the beginning. The
chairmen of all the conmiittees you have called for and
thanked. But the silent members of the Commission
can not even be mentioned here this afternoon. We
thank them, however, and congratulate them upon the
crowning success of to-day. [^Applause]
Now, it has been my rare privilege as years have
passed to become more and more intimate with the class
of men whose delight it is to labor not for self, but for
others ; not for their own gain, but for the gain of the
conmiunity. Much of self-sacrifice I have seen that
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elevates human nature. Little does and little can
the speculator on the exchange, or the mere dollar-
grabber in any line of activity, know of the higher
pleasures of human existence. Only when a man labors
for the general good, and for other than miserable aims
that end with self, can he know and enjoy the high spir-
itual rewards of life. We have such men in Pitts-
burgh, deeply interested in this Institute, a large body
of them; and also in the Hero Fund and in the Pension
Fund, and in many other philanthropic fields, men who
have their hearts in the work. If it were not invidious
to name some who are exceptional where all have done
so well, I should like to do so now; but they seek no
popularity, or other reward, beyond the return received
from laboring for the general good. Many are the men
and women in Pittsburgh who are laborers in the vine-
yards of self-abnegation. The highest type of human-
ity, believe me, is that which does most to make our
earthly home a heaven. The highest worship of God is
service to man. [Applause'\
Special acknowledgment is due to the press of Pitts-
burgh [Applause^ , which has from the inception of the
Institute been lavish of their space and labor to keep it
before the people ; and much of the general acceptance
and popularity obtained has been owing to this. The
medical profession is justly credited with giving an
enormous amount of service gratuitously, but I judge
the press to be abreast of it. Every good non-partizan
work has its powerful support. All parties are found
in happy agreement here.
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We wish also to express our thanks to the eminent
men from many parts of our own country, and from
many foreign lands, who honor us to-day by their pres-
ence. [Applause'] Pittsburgh has never seen a gath-
ering comprising so many distinguished men from the
Old World. It has welcomed them with pleasure. It
is highly honored in receiving men whose names are
household words in both the Old and the New World;
honored, also, in having so many of our own land whose
names are known in both, and who have made the world
their debtor for services rendered. Such assemblages
presage the coming federation of the world. Many be-
fore you to-day, ladies and gentlemen, are more than
Americans, more than Italians, more than Frenchmen,
more than Dutchmen, more than Germans. They are
citizens of the world, and the world owns itself their
debtor. [Applause] It will not be considered in-
vidious if special mention be made of the interest dis-
played in our Institute by that remarkable man, the
German Emperor [Applause]^ very like another re-
markable man of whom we hear so much in our coun-
try,— very much alike, these two men are. [Applause]
We owe the Emperor much for sending General von
Loewenfeld as his representative, and his Minister of
State, von Moeller, and other eminent men. I ask
them to convey to the Emperor the profound acknow-
ledgment of all interested in the Institute. We ear-
nestly wish for him a continuance, a long continuance,
of the reign of peace and prosperity which has so long
blessed his sway; for, be it remembered to his credit,
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that since he has reigned his hands are guiltless of
human blood shed in international war. [^Applause']
That is the reason I think the Emperor the coming man
of destiny who will perhaps perform a miracle before
he passes away. He has it in his power to abolish war
from this world. [Applause^ He has only to ask
America, Britain, and France to join with him in creat-
ing an International Police Force to tell the other lands
of the world that since it has become interdependent no
nation has the right to disturb the general peace of the
world. [Applause'] That is true, — the German Em-
peror could do that to-day at The Hague Conference,
and he would find powers that would rally around him
and say, "Yes, we have had this killing of men by men
long enough. Let it no longer disgrace humanity."
[Great applause] We must also remember that our
Technical Schools have Charlottenburg to follow as
their model. We can not forget what we owe to Ger-
many as the teacher of the nation in industrial educa-
tion. [Applause] Again, we can not omit recognition
of the valued congratulations brought to us by the
friends from our sister republic of France, [Great ap-
plause] to whom this country owes so much. They can
never be forgotten. One can not imagine the two re-
publics in variance upon any subject whatever, and as
we have had Germany as a teacher in industrial devel-
opment, so we have had for our Art Department the
guidance of France, the leader in things artistic. [Ap-
plause]
Now, ladies and gentlemen, for the last word. I beg
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your pardon for exercising your patiei
is present to-day one of my oldest an
that good Quaker, Joseph Wharton,
[^Applause"] I ask him to rise. [M
amid great cheering, and bowed] H
years ago when I stood here and han
Institute, and he is here to-day, God
reminded me the other day in Philadt
at his house, how I ended my oration-
is the proper name for it — oration —
that I made, but which he handled
such dramatic effect that I can onli
him. I said, "Those are the very wi
will close at the forthcoming celebrati
of the enlarged Institute." I wish he
say it for you. But I will try to imit
I can. [Extending his hands, and sp
solemnity] Take, then, people of P
stitute from one who owes Pittsburg!
her deeply, and who would serve her i
applausel
The other addresses of the day wen
order in which they are here printed :
THE POPULAR SIGNIFICANCE OF
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
BY
HIS EXCELLENCY, THEODOR VON MCELLER,
MINISTER OF STATE, BERLIN
In the name of my colleagues, to whom, as to myself,
has fallen the good fortune to participate in this festive
occasion as the delegates of his Majesty, the German
Emperor, I have the honor to express his Majesty's,
as well as our own, most heartfelt congratulations.
First of all, these congratulations are due to the mag-
nanimous founder of the Institute bearing his name,
the donor of the grand structure, the dedication of
which has brought us here together. We also congratu-
late the Board of Trustees of this ingenious creation,
upon whom devolves the honorable and pleasant, yet
highly responsible duty of administering this rare com-
bination of institutes for propagating and popular-
izing education in the arts and sciences. Theirs it is to
develop it and make its blessings permanently acces-
sible to the changing and widening circles of the people
of this Union. And — last, but not least — we felicitate
the citizens of Pittsburgh on calling such a magni-
ficent educational institute their own ; for deriving for
themselves, at first hand, its beneficial effects; and,
above all, for having raised within their walls a man
of such immense energy, of such wonderful success
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and, withal, of such noble munificence, who has not
only very materially contributed to the astonishing de-
velopment of your industries, but who, with a clear per-
ception of his duties toward the conmiunity, has placed
this rare Institute at the disposal of his fellow-citizens,
who here may find the means for either supplementing
and replenishing their education out of the riches of the
library, the museimis, or through musical performances,
procure for themselves the intellectual enjoyments in-
dispensable for their recuperation from the effects of
their arduous daily work. They, thus, may gather
strength for keeping up that high degree of activity es-
sential to life in this wonderful country, which, as it
has for generations produced treasures without limita-
tion out of its seemingly inexhaustible virgin soil,
makes demand upon the working capacity of its in-
habitants unknown to the Old World, yet undoubt-
edly as exhausrible as even the best soil. He who thus
affords mental relief to the worker is, therefore, a bene-
factor to mankind in a double sense of the word. The
principal object of the Institute, however, I find in its
educational establishments of various descriptions,
which are primarily intended to train ambitious young
people of either sex for new and remunerative lines of
human activity, and, by this means, foster the economic
progress of this country in general.
To my mind it is a well established fact that, in the
development of our present era of substitution of me-
chanical power in the place of human and animal labor,
with all its wonders of progress, but also with its
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estrangement between employed and employers and the
educated classes in general, the latter have come face to
face with duties, the discharge of which is not only de-
manded by the commands of justice, but is one of the
leading problems with which all nations employing
modern methods of production have to deal, in order to
avert the serious conflict between the different classes
of society which endangers the existence of our modern
civilization.
There is still a great diversity of opinions as to the
proper means to be employed in combating the symp-
toms of social disease, and it would be out of place
here to discuss this subject at any length. The fact,
however, that the conveyance of education to the more
industrious among the uneducated workers, as a means
of elevating them into the higher spheres of life and
finally into the propertied classes, is one of the most
effective instrumentalities in effacing the existing so-
cial contrasts, is universally recognized, especially
among people of a democratic trend of thinking, such
as the people of this country. In the Old World, too,
^ the number of those who incline to regard education as
a privilege of the higher classes only, is becoming less
and less, until it has almost reached the point of ex-
tinction. Thus, in Germany, it is to-day considered
a social obligation of the highest order, devolving
alike upon conununities and states, to extend the train-
ing given to the young in public schools, through
schools for adults, into the first years of their working.
Attendance upon these schools, at first optional, was
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later, in the case of mechanics at least, made obligatory,
and the time for instruction, formerly evenings and
Sundays, transferred into the working hours in order .^
not to have overworked pupils, and not to deprive the
latter of their Sunday's rest. During the first years of
the new century we have made good progress in that di-
rection, and the time is not far distant when instruction
for adults will be obligatory upon all young workers in
factories who received their first training in public
schools. The ambitious young man may, at his option, ^
still further fit himself for his calling in special and 1 .
evening classes, which are held with particular refer-
ence to the peculiar needs of the various crafts and .
trades. For full-aged laborers there are likewise eve-
ning courses arranged in connection with the schools for
special branches of instruction: the middle technical J M
schools for the building, machinery, shipbuilding, tex-
tile, and pottery trades, mechanical arts, etc., etc.,
where they may avail themselves of the rich resources
of instruction of these schools. It has been a source of
special gratification to me to learn from the brief me-
morial sent us with reference to the Carnegie Institute,
that you are proceeding on the same lines as we ; that
here, too, instruction is given not only in day, but in
night schools as well, which latter do now, but still
more in the grand new edifice, place a vast educational
apparatus at the disposal of the worker of higher as-
pirations.
The fact that we thus work harmoniously seems to
fully justify the encouraging conclusion that our ef-
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forts toward elevating the intellectual level of the
working classes are moving in the right direction.
In Germany, municipalities in the first place, and
the state in a subsidiary way, are held to make pro-
vision, not only for public, but also for higher schools.
Our universities and technical high schools are state
establishments, exclusively. Nevertheless, we, too,
pride ourselves on possessing educational institutions,
especially in the field of commercial training, which,
originated by individual initiative, owe their existence
to mercantile corporations or chambers of commerce.
Of that class are numerous schools for adults in mer-
cantile pursuits : the commercial high school of Berlin ;
the commercial high school of Cologne, the latter the
gift of the late Mr. von Mewissen; and the Academy
of Social and Commercial Science of Frankfort on the
Main, a donation of Mr. Merton, of the same city.
In this country, where the work of many centuries
had to be crowded into the narrow space of little more
than a hundred years, our gait seemed rather slow, and
successful men in various walks of life have in numer-
ous instances anticipated any action on the part of the
community by erecting and supporting, out of their
own means, large educational institutions of higher or-
der. Admiringly we stand here before one of the most
remarkable illustrations of this generous, high-minded
spirit among American citizens.
In order to add our own mite to the treasures of the
Institute's collections, we have the honor to, herewith,
offer a series of official publications of the German Em-
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pire, of the Kingdom of Prussia, and of the City of Ber-
lin, together with a narration, published by the Mining
Society of Dortmund, of the development of coal-pro-
ducing in the Rhenish- Westphalian District, and to
ask permission to present the same at the proper time.
Our heartiest thanks, in conclusion, are due, above
all, to Mr. Carnegie and to the trustees of this Insti-
tute, to whom we are indebted for the opportunity thus
afforded us to attend this beautiful celebration and to
visit the city, the rich resources of which have prepared
the way for the donor of this beautiful edifice to prac-
tise his most liberal munificence. [Applause]
ADDRESS
BY
M. PAUL DOUMER
M. Paul Doumer was introduced at this moment and
delivered an extemporaneous speech of great force and
beauty. He pleaded for the recognition of intellectual
ideals against the domination of force the world over.
His discourse, in the French language, was keenly en-
joyed by the audience, and it is greatly to be regretted
that M. Doumer declares himself unable to recall the
speech for the purpose of publication.
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THE ORGANIZATION OF PEACE
BY
BARON D'ESTOURNELLES DE CONSTANT
This Institute which we open to-day does not require
our eulogy. It is in itself a fact more eloquent than
words. It is a positive act, an act of faith in the future
of our civilization. If we try to conceive the amount
of effort required to realize our common aspirations
of progress and justice, we perceive only too clearly
our own weakness ; but if, face to face with these monu-
ments raised to science by labor, we estimate the diffi-
culties that have already been surmounted in spite of
everything, we hail man's work with confidence. Ruins
may be accumulated on ruins, ignorance and barbarism
may humiliate us by their return, but in the end reason
wins the day, and at the very moment when we might
be tempted to despair, it is preparing its most brilliant
revenge.
Where can we find better than in America evidence
of the constant advance of human activity? In spite
of the vicissitudes and failures which visit you, as well
as ourselves, what a decisive lesson of optimism you
are offering to the Old World ! It is barely six years
since I made my last trip to America, and yet I find it
difficult to calculate the services rendered by your
country to humanity during such a short period. I came
in February, 1902, visiting Washington, New York, and
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Chicago, pleading the cause so dear to me, demonstrat-
ing the need of a new international policy and the
urgency of an organization of peace. There are suffi-
cient inevitable catastrophes, like those of Courri^res
and San Francisco, and so many others, that take us by
surprise, leaving behind them sorrow and even death,
for us to abstain from adding wittingly to them other
calamities, and to induce us to devote to works of life a
part of the essential resources we now lavish on works
of destruction. And lo, on every side is beginning to
appear that organization which was deemed chimerical. l \
We can celebrate in advance its success, more or less
remote. No matter, we are content with the perspec-
tive of the harvest. To be sure, the cultivator sees with
pride his ripe corn-fields, ready to be transformed into
force, wealth, and intelligence; but long before the
simuner-time he has already tasted a pleasure of quite
another depth: the joy of triumphant effort over the
resistance of men and things; victorious over winter
and ignorance, utilizing the bad days for the prepara-
tion of good ones, he has seen his fields grow green un-
der the stormy sky of March.
It was impossible that America should not contribute
largely toward this success. She is in full growth, she
favors the development of new ideas, while Europe too
often sees in them a menace for what she calls estab-
lished order. How many noble and fruitful ideas that
have had their origin in Europe could not exist there ;
and veritable wandering souls, during years and even
centuries, surviving the men who conceived them,
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have bided their time around their tombs. How many
of them are still waiting ! In vain they call — we do not
hear them, or, if we do, perhaps they wake in us as many
doubts as hopes. Our history is old, glorious with
many sublime examples, but interspersed also with
many injustices; it shows us might trimnphing over
right with impunity, and such memories are lessons so
painful as to paralyze our initiative. Your history, on
the contrary, dates from only the other day, and when,
in despair, our ideas emigrate and come to your shores,
they find in America an open field and men freer
than ourselves to apply them. Thus the scheme of a
pacific organization, denounced as culpable or ridicu-
lous in our own old divided European states, was intel-
ligently received by your own young United States of
America; your patronage first won for it a certain at-
tention in our own government spheres.
Let no one raise against me the fatality of our
European divisions, since the present regime is per-
petuating them; since it has not advanced by a single
hour the Franco-German reconciliation upon which
the rest depends ; since it has not even revealed the mu-
tual concessions necessary for this reconciliation. ' An
improvement, however slow, would be better for every-
body than the acceptance of such a regime. No, every
effort in the sense of an improvement has been ham-
pered. By tacit agreement, the European governments
organized the boycott of The Hague Tribunal; they
have not understood the advantage of developing that
germ. At one time popular enthusiasm was led to be-
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lieve that the burdens of armed peace were going to be
diminished; the representatives of the governments, as-
sembled for the first time in a world-assembly, had been
inspired by generous emulation more, perhaps, than by
their original instructions. As a matter of fact, the
work of the Conference of 1899 was not in vain. Al-
though it did not give the reduction of armaments, it
finished by establishing a permanent tribunal of arbi-
tration; all that remained was to provide that juris-
diction, so eagerly anticipated, with the means of exist-
ence. It was deprived of them. The governments,
surprised at its birth, refused to believe in it. None of
them wanted to intrust it with the slightest litigation.
Incredible though it may appear, while the baptism of
the most insignificant of princes is celebrated to the
sound of ringing bells and salvos of artillery, the Court
of The Hague was not even inaugurated.
What a contrast between this chilly reception by the
public authorities and the aspirations of the whole
world! I did not believe that this contrast could be
prolonged without danger, and I and my friends took it
upon ourselves to oppose to this sterile skepticism what
I designedly called "the results of The Hague Confer-
ence.'' Everywhere, throughout France and in the
majority of European countries, I found the same sym-
pathy, but nowhere more than among yourselves.
What a mysterious harmony between French hopes and
American energies! And it is not the first time that
the hopes of the two peoples have been associated.
How living appeared to me the memories of that tradi-
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tional agreement when I was allowed to celebrate on
your soil the heroic days of your liberation, and of
uniting in one and the same homage the names of
Washington and Lafayette ! But what are the duties
imposed upon us by memories such as these ^ ''Our
fathers,'" I said at Chicago, "gave to their descendants
liberty; it is for us to give peace to ours."
History will award to President Roosevelt the
honor of having clearly laid down the elements of the
present problem. I presume that in the first place he
sought to serve his own country by taking the initiative
of a rational evolution at the same time as advantage-
ous and indispensable for the United States as for
every other power. However that may be, he has given
the world a fine lesson in true patriotism. He has
shown that it is not enough to be ready to die for one's
country, as we all are, but that it is also necessary to
work toward the development of its progress ; to insure
its security, not only by the organization and the re-
newal of its strength, but by avoiding to exhaust or
compromise it in useless complications; by improving
its relations with foreign powers; and by preparing a
long time in advance honorable reconciliations and the
amicable solution of new conflicts which are always
possible.
President Roosevelt took office at the moment when
Europe was still mourning over the loss of two of the
best servants of civilization — Gladstone and Gam-
betta. Like them he understood the growing solidarity
which is bringing peoples together, and which, notwith-
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standing the infinite variety of their conditions, even
the opposition of their interests, is uniting in the same
superior need for justice and truth; and like them
too, he had pleaded the great causes, knowing that,
while a country may be proud of its territorial impor-
tance and its economic prosperity, it is nevertheless not
truly great except by the radiation of its thought and
of its generous activity.
An elite of the American people seconded President
Roosevelt in his noble enterprise. I will name only
those who are no longer with us — the lamented John
Hay and George Frederick William HoUs. The first
act of their campaign was the rehabilitation of The
Hague Court. In the spring of 1902, the government
of the United States decided to give Europe a good ex-
ample. In agreement with the Mexican government it
confided to the new International Tribunal its first case.
That lesson not being understood, President Roosevelt
subsequently declined the arbitration submitted to him
during the Venezuela affair and sent the litigants to
the Court which they had persisted in wishing not to
recognize. Mr. Carnegie, for his part, noted the fact
that The Hague Court had not been provided with a
home and he therefore endowed it with one. He
thought to himself, ''poor, it is ignored, but once it is
luxuriously housed, consideration will come.'' Mis-
fortune was charmed away.
On the other hand, a powerful Arbitration Group
was formed in the French Parliament toward the end
of 1902, and continued without cessation to bring pres-
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sure to bear on the different governments. A new at-
mosphere was created as favorable to the new ideas as
it had before been contrary to them. Then a decisive
event occurred. The new sovereign of Great Britain,
Edward VII, took it upon himself to undertake, in
1903, his famous visit to Paris, which touched the heart
of France, and decided the entente cordiale. Treaties
of arbitration, friendly conventions, settlements, and
agreements were multiplied, and parliaments ex-
changed visits and formed relations of friendship. The
Conventions of The Hague became an unhoped-for re-
source. Their automatic action sufficed to settle the
Hull or Dogger-Bank Incident, thus saving civiliza-
tion from a general conflagration. It is true that the
world was not saved from trials during this short pe-
riod. The Russo-Japanese War is an example, out of
many others, of wars that might have been avoided
and which broke out notwithstanding everything, be-
cause the education of public opinion is too imperfect.
It is nevertheless thanks to American initiative that
this war was terminated. The Algeciras affair also tes-
tifies to the instability of the regime of armed peace;
but it has been possible to settle it without the effusion
of blood, by means of a species of tribunal composed of
representatives of the powers. Formerly, and not so
long since, either, diplomatic conferences met after the
war to remedy the disasters. Is it not a progress that
they now unite before, in order to prevent them"?
There remains the limitation of armaments as well
as the organization of international justice, and the
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to-day will appear precarious and insufficient to our
children ; and that which they will prepare in their turn
will be but steps toward other improvements which,
too, will doubtless be thwarted, though certain to come.
Grentlemen, I have now sununarized for you the im-
provements recently gained. War has ceased to be the
classic and glorious solution of international conflicts ;
it is no longer but the barbarous and perilous ultima
ratio of the oppressor and the last resource of the op-
pressed. Far from disappearing, we must always be
prepared for economic antagonisms, arising out of busi-
ness activities; but a government which allows these
antagonisms to degenerate into local or national
hatreds, and, still worse, into racial hatreds, and which
makes war on the territory of a rival, will arouse
against it an unexpected solidarity of natural mistrust
and perhaps hostility. Nolens volens arbitration also
appears to be the modem solution of the majority of
conflicts, and the development of arbitration will have
for its natural corollary the limitation of armaments.
But arbitration will very soon not be enough; it is
only a remedy, — ^we ought to prevent the evil. Con-
ciliation will be the duty of to-morrow. It will in each
country impose itself more even at home than abroad ;
a thankless task and a particularly disinterested mis-
sion, since it consists in preventing difficulties from
arising, while malevolent people will always be able
to pretend that these difficulties would never have
arisen. It is toward that, however, that our principal
efforts must be directed, and it is that which this ad-
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Institute will teach you. Leave the diplomat-
ist his role, which will be all the more useful as the
points of contact between peoples become greater. Let
us facilitate his task by instructing public opinion.
This work of education should commence at the begin-
ning, with the child, the mother, with the schools, form-
ing masters and men, raising the conscience to a level
where it can disengage itself from its isolation and
know itself. In other words, in each country there
should be groups of men capable of exercising a benefi-
cent influence on governments and on public opinion,
and capable of neutralizing Chauvinistic passions.
That much being done, these national groups should
be united into one vast International Association. This
is for our generation the last phase of pacific evolution.
The international education which we promote can
only be efficacious on condition that it has its starting-
point in national education. What good could arise
from attempting to improve the morals of our time, if
we neglect the morals of our own country?
That is why we have come so far and from so many
different countries to take part in this grand manifesta-
tion of individual and national initiative to which you
have done us the honor to invite us, and from which
we can draw a universal lesson. Elevating the moral,
intellectual, and material level of a people, is at the
same time serving that particular people and other
peoples as well in giving all an example and a guide.
Creating a library, a museum, a hospital, an institute,
on any part of the globe is to stir up emulation at thou-
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sands of other points, is to contribute to general educa-
tion, and to prepare the conciliation, the progress, and
the peace of the world.
Such is the work that we honor to-day. The ancients
considered that they had done their duty toward the
people in giving them panem et circenses; modern so-
ciety consecrates to their instruction its most generous
initiatives and its palaces. [^Applause]
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A REVIEW OF THE WORK
BT
SAMUEL HARDEN CHURCH
IBCUTARY OP BOARD OP TRUSTBEt OP CAKNBGIB IlfmTVTE
The building which is thrown open to you to-day for
the first time was designed by Messrs. Alden & Har-
low, from whom it will always stand as the noble proof
of a beautiful architectural conception. The style,
as you will see, is that of the Italian Renaissance.
The building has a frontage of four hundred feet, and
a depth of six hundred feet. At either end are steps
leading into the main halls, these entrances being strik-
ingly effective with their great bronze figures of Shak-
spere and Bach at one end, and Gralileo and Michelan-
gelo at the other. There are also large bronze groups
representing Art, Science, Music, and Literature above
the comer piers at the roof, Mr. J. Massey Rhind being
the sculptor. The frieze which encircles the building
bears the names of distinguished men. The building
itself occupies four acres of ground. The beauties of
the interior you must discover for yourselves. The
many marble halls, corridors, and stairways, the mural
paintings, the spacious foyer with its twenty-four col-
umns of Grecian marble, each twenty-eight feet high,
and its gilded ceiling, the mighty engine-room, full of
throbbing energy, and the many other wonders of this
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great institution will be appreciated better to be seen
than described.
At this moment, the Carnegie Institute, embracing
the five departments, the Library, Fine Arts, Museum,
School of Music, and Technical Schools under one ad-
ministration, represents an outlay for cost, equipment,
and endowment of nearly $20,000,CXX)^a sum stagger-
ing to the mind, even in this age of great fortunes and
stupendous gifts. In the Old World, under the slow
growth of royal patronage and state aid, such an insti-
tution could not reach so great a mark in less than a
century. Here in Pittsburgh the loving kindness of a
single man has created in the short space of ten years an
institution unique in its great breadth of purpose, and
already well advanced in its mission for the high ser-
vice of humanity.
THE LIBRARY
When the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh was opened
in 1895 it had one library building, a collection of
16,000 volumes, a clerical staff of sixteen persons, and
its annual home circulation for the first year was 1 15,-
394 volumes. During the year just ended, the Library
system, with a staff of 135, has occupied its enlarged
quarters in this building, besides six branch libraries
housed in convenient and attractive structures, erected
especially for the purpose, and fourteen deposit sta-
tions. It has conducted during the year twenty-nine
home library groups, and fifty reading clubs of boys
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
and girls who live in districts remote from the central
or branch libraries. It has sent collections of books to
sixty-six schools, and in the summer it supplied four
playgrounds with small circulating libraries, and assis-
tants to distribute the books. Through these 170
agencies, 762,190 books were circulated in 1906, a gain
of 15.15 per cent, over the previous year, while the
total number of books and magazines circulated and
used in reading-rooms was 1,463,207.
The total number of books in the central and branch
libraries, and all other parts of the system, is now 250,-
000. The number of registered borrowers is 63,550,
with an equal number of unregistered readers.
The activities of all departments continue to in-
crease. The number of books purchased by the Library
was 42,952, which was 14,605 more than ever before.
The total number of volumes catalogued, 47,063,
shows an increase of 9332 over any previous year.
THE DEPARTMENT OF FINE ARTS
In the Department of Fine Arts, a great hall of archi-
tecture was established, in which has been arranged an
inspiring group of architectural casts, representing
some of the great buildings and temples of antiquity,
and including examples of the Romanesque, Grothic,
and Renaissance periods. Behind the columns sur-
rounding this hall, under the balcony, will be arranged
a much larger number of casts in chronological order,
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
representing the development of the art from the
earliest period.
In the hall of sculpture there has been assembled a
collection of casts, reproducing some of the master-
pieces of the Egyptian, Chaldean, Assyrian, Persian,
Grecian, and Roman periods.
A complete collection of over three hundred repro-
ductions of the Bronzes found in and near Hercula-
neimi and Pompeii has been installed.
The annual international exhibition this year in-
cludes five hundred and fifteen works, twice as many
as have been shown heretofore, exhibited in eight gal-
leries, and representing America, England, Scotland,
Holland, France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and
Norway. The exhibition is broadly representative of
the contemporaneous painting of the world, and is the
most important exhibition ever shown in Pittsburgh.
THE MUSIC HALL
The Pittsburgh Orchestra is just completing its
twelfth season of prosperous work. Some forty-two
generous men have agreed to continue to provide a
substantial backing for this organization, which is con-
stantly going forward to higher artistic achievement
under its able Director, Mr. Emil Paur. Mr. Hein-
roth, who has played to-day, is now the organist, and
he will give the usual free recitals twice every week,
commencing in the near future.
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE MUSEUM
The Museum, like the other departments, has already
won a noble fame. Its activities are very great. It
has sent thirty expeditions into the western coun-
try to search for the extinct life of the past. The
result has been the discovery of many specimens of
manmials and reptiles new to science, some of them of
colossal size. Not satisfied with prompting original
research along these lines in North America, Mr. Car-
negie has purchased the entire collection of Baron
Ernst Bayet, of Brussels, containing one hundred and
twenty thousand specimens in paleontology, and pre-
sented them to the Museum.
The collection of birds now numbers twenty-seven
thousand specimens. The herbarium contains fifty
thousand species of plants. An almost perfect group of
models, illustrating the history and development of the
art of transportation, has been made in the workshops
of the Museum. The collections illustrating the indus-
tries of the North American Indians are very extensive.
The other sections have commenced their development
on similar broad lines*
In all, the Museum contains, at the present time, a
million and a half of objects ranging in size from a
microscopic beetle to the huge Diplodocus. Among its
antiquities is a piece of jewelry taken from the mimmiy
of the second king of the first Egyptian Dynasty, a
razor with which a cotemporary of Joseph shaved his
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
face, and a boat which floated on the Nile sixteen hun-
dred years before Abraham left Ur of the Chaldees, So
even in a young country antiquity sometimes touches
us with its hoar-frost.
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THE TECHNICAL SCHOOLS li
The Carnegie Technical Schools are located adjacent
to the Carnegie Institute. The city of Pittsburgh has
provided for them a site of thirty-two acres adjoining
Schenley Park, Although the first foundations were
laid only two years ago, the following departments
have, thus far, been established :
The School of Applied Science, oflFering day and night
courses in Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Mining,
Metallurgical, and Chemical Engineering practice.
The School for Apprentices and Journeymen, offering
day and night courses for the training of skilled
mechanics, journeymen, and foremen in the build-
ing and manufacturing trades.
The School of Applied Design, offering day and night
courses in Architecture and Architectural Design.
The Margaret Morrison Carnegie School for Women,
offering day and night courses for the training of
women for the home, and for distinctly women's
trades and professions.
The School opened its doors for students in October,
1905, and already the total number of students en-
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rolled is nearly fourteen hundred, of whom two hun-
dred are women students. The geographical distribu-
tion of the students includes twenty-six states of the
United States, and approximately one hundred and
fifty cities. The teaching force exceeds ninety indi-
viduals.
A nominal tuition fee is charged all students. The
chances for employment in an industrial community
like Pittsburgh affords an opportunity for even the
poorest boy to secure remunerative work while attend-
ing school.
AN INTERNATIONAL FOUNDER'S DAY
Three years ago, the suggestion was made at this point
on the program that it might be advantageous to the in-
terests of the intellectual life to establish an annual cele-
bration in all the institutions which have been created
by Mr. Carnegie's generous use of wealth, not to ex-
ploit the personality of any man, but to discuss simul-
taneously upon many platforms the ideas which his
institutions are constantly promoting. It seemed at
first that the suggestion fell upon unheeding ears, but
by and by it gained favor, and the trustees of the Car-
negie Institute have learned that the great themes of
literature and character and international peace are be-
ing discussed this afternoon in five hundred Carnegie
auditoriums in various portions of the world.
We cannot forget that this splendid creation is the
rallying-ground for the whole culture of the people of
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
this community. The people are thronging through its
halls to study its paintings, to investigate the wonders
of its Museum, to listen to its music, and to read its
books. Besides this, ten thousand boys and girls are
pleading for admission to its Technical Schools. The
Carnegie Institute has risen up to stand like a torch of
light in this community. [^Applausel
At the conclusion of the speeches, Mr. W. N. Frew,,
president of the Board of Trustees, announced the fol-
lowing awards, which were made by the International
Jury for the six best paintings in the exhibition of
1907:
Medal of the First Class (gold) , carrying with it a prize
of $15CX), awarded to Gaston La Touche, St. Cloud,
France, for his painting entitled "The Bath."
Medal of the Second Class (silver) , carrying with it a
prize of $icxx>, awarded to Thomas Eakins, Philadel-
phia, Pennsylvania, for his painting entitled "Portrait
of Professor Leslie Miller.''
Medal of the Third Class (bronze) , carrying with it a
prize of $500, awarded to Olga de Boznanska, for her
painting entitled "Portrait of a Woman."
Honorable Mention, W. Granville-Smith, New York,
for his painting entitled "The Old Mill."
Honorable Mention, Maurice Greiffenhagen, London,
England, for his painting entitled "Portrait of Mrs.
Maurice Greiffenhagen."
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Honorable Mention, Lawton S. Parker, Chicago, Illi-
nois, for his painting entitled "An English Girl."
These announcements were received with great ap-
plause.
Mr. Heinroth then played "Toccato," by Edwin
Fleuret, on the organ, completing the program for the
afternoon.
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THURSDAY NIGHT
Jhe Hall of Music was occupied by a bril-
> liant and splendid audience on Thursday
p\ evening, assembled to hear the per-
^ formance by the Pittsburgh Orchestra,
^ which was conducted by the Director, Mr.
Emil Paur, except that the selection "Variations for
Orchestra, op. 36," was played under the direction of
Sir Edward Elgar, the composer. The intermission af-
forded an opportunity for the citizens of Pittsburgh to
be introduced to the foreign guests of the Carnegie In-
stitute in the beautiful foyer. The program of the con-
cert was as follows :
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Symphonic Poem, "Les Preludes'' Liszt
Symphony, "Pathetic," No. 6 . . . Hschaikowsky
Adagio : Allegro non troppo.
Allegro con grazia.
Allegro molto vivace.
Finale : Adagio Lamentoso.
(By request.)
INTERMISSION OF FIFTEEN MINUTES
Variations for Orchestra, op. 36 Elgar
(Fint time in Pittsburgh)
Conducted by the Composer
Two Preludes, from Acts I and III of
"Lohengrin"
Waldweben, from "Siegfried
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Ride of the Walkiiries, from "Die Walkiire"
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FRIDAY MORNING
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JLN Friday morning, after the visiting guests
I had made a most interesting inspection of
\ the Carnegie Technical Schools, they were
M escorted to the Hall of Music, where an-
other great audience awaited their coming
upon the platform. Representatives were present from
a very large number of the universities and colleges
throughout the world, and addresses of congratulation
and good-will were presented in the following order :
N^
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BUREAU OF EDUCATION
WASHINGTON
April 10, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute
My dear Mr. Church:
The dedication of the new building of the Carnegie
Institute can not be regarded as a merely local event.
It is an event of national interest and importance. In
a hundred different ways this Institute, with its greatly
enlarged and improved equipment, is a contribution to
the higher life of the country at large. The immediate
event and the continued influence of which it marks the
beginning can not fail to quicken the finer artistic ten-
dencies of our people to the remotest community. I
believe, accordingly, that the country at large shares in
the satisfaction which this occasion must bring to the
people of Pittsburgh.
With cordial greeting,
I am, believe me,
Very truly yours,
Elmer Ellsworth Brown
! Commissioner
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
OF PHILADELPHIA
Philadelphia, March 18, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,
watching with satisfaction the rapid development of
scientific and educational activity in the busy center of
industry at the opposite end of the great state in which
we are both situated, takes much pleasure in congratu-
lating the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh on its past
contributions to scientific progress, and felicitates it
on the becoming available of the splendid plant and
equipment, the dedication of which should stand as a
milestone in the progress of our nation.
I have the honor to be, on behalf of this Academy,
Yours very truly,
J. Percy Moore
Corresponding Secretary
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE OF ST. LOUIS
St. Louis, Mo., April i, 1907
The Academy of Science of St. Louis extends greet-
ings and sincerely regrets its inability to accept the in-
vitation of the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute to
participate in the Dedication of the New Building on
Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, April the eleventh,
twelfth, and thirteenth, one thousand nine hundred
and seven, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
H. Aug. Hunicke
Corresponding Secretary
St. Louis, Mo.
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
ALABAMA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
Auburn, Ala., March 20th, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
I am just in receipt of your cordial invitation to the
faculty and myself to attend the public ceremonies of
the dedication of the Carnegie Institute, April 11-12-
13, 1907. In reply, I wish to express to you our appre-
ciation of the cordial words of your invitation and to
say that were it in the range of possibility we should be
greatly pleased to be present on the delightful occa-
sion. The magnitude of the enterprise is certainly im-
pressive. It is a colossal monument to the generosity
of the patron, Mr. Carnegie, and is certainly a colossal
agency for the betterment not only of the community
of Pittsburgh but of the entire nation. We wish you
all success.
lam.
Very sincerely yours,
Chas. C. Thach
President
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
ALLEGHENY COLLEGE
The faculty of Allegheny College extends hearty con-
gratulations to the Board of Trustees and Officers of
the Carnegie Institute upon the dedication of their new
building. Highly favored with an unusually generous
foundation, through the liberality of one whose bene-
factions to the cause of higher education are potent for
culture and enlightenment, the uplifting and richly
beneficent influence of your institution is not limited to
a city or commonwealth ; the entire nation participates
in your benefits and feels the impulse of your endeavor.
Our debt as a college is greater, our appreciation of
your acknowledged ascendency the more vital, by rea-
son of our proximity; and in consequence we desire,
upon this occasion, not only to express our pleasure
over your enlarged good fortune but to acknowledge
as well, our deep sense of obligation.
William H. Crawford
President
C. F. Ross
Secretary
Meadville, Pennsylvania
April the eleventh
Nineteen Hundred and Seven
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SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS
ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PA.
Braddock, Pa., April i, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
On behalf of the public schools of Allegheny County,
which we have the honor to represent, we beg to offer
our sincere congratulations upon the completion of the
Carnegie Institute.
The public schools make it possible for every child to
learn to read ; the library makes it possible for each to
read to learn. The public schools open the way to
science, art, and culture ; the Carnegie Institute offers
the best in these fields. The public schools deal largely
with the knowledge of things essential, practical, and
useful; the Carnegie Institute offers both culture and
utility. The public schools need the aid of this Insti-
tute to open the realms of culture that lie beyond the
limits of elementary education ; the Carnegie Institute
needs the aid of the public schools to open the avenues
that lead to these feeding grounds of culture. Thus,
the elementary schools and the Carnegie Institute are
complementary. Each needs what the other can give.
And, on behalf of the seventeen hundred teachers and
107
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
the seventy thousand pupils in the schools of our
county, we again offer our congratulations.
Every man is either a moral beggar or a moral bene-
factor; he leaves the world poorer or richer than he
found it. We commend Mr. Carnegie for his altruistic
efforts. He has maintained his interest in humanity;
his faith in what knowledge, science, art, and culture
will do; he has invested his money in this Institute; he
has recognized one of the many obligations of wealth,
and our hope is that the angels will write his reward in
the record of the lives made better by his generosity.
Sam'l Hamilton
Superintendent
108
fSMBS
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT
OF SCIENCE, WASHINGTON, D. C.
Washington, D. C, March 14, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees
Carnegie Institute
Sirs:
I wish to extend, on behalf of the American Associa-
tion for the Advancement of Science, to your Board, to
the City of Pittsburgh, and to all interested in Amer-
ican Science and Art, very hearty congratulations on
the occasion of the dedication of your new building.
The establishment of your Institute upon such a broad
basis marks an epoch in the history of American pro-
gress.
Very truly yours,
L. O. Howard
Pirmamnt Secntary
109
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS
New York, April 2nd, 1907
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
The American Institute of Electrical Engineers con-
gratulates the Carnegie Institute upon its opportunity
to make Pittsburgh as prominent educationally as it is
industrially, upon the high artistic and scientific ideals
of its founders, and upon the magnificent equipment
made available by the wise beneficence of Andrew Car-
negie.
Samuel Sheldon
President
110
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
The American Museum of Natural History sends its
greetings to the Carnegie Institute and rejoices that the
ceremonies of April eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth
will dedicate to Science, Art, and Education an institu-
tion that is grand in its conception, wide in its scope,
impressive in its execution, an agent for the improve-
ment of men and a fit monument to the wisdom of its
founder.
Morris K. Jesup
President
New York
March thirteenth
One thousand nine hundred and seven
111
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
AMHERST COLLEGE
The President and Faculty of Amherst College pre-
sent greetings to the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute
and tender their congratulations upon the dedication
of the new and splendid building to be devoted under
their direction to the promotion of sound learning and
the advancement of natural science.
We rejoice that through the munificence of one who
has already done so much to aid the cause of education
and the prosecution of scientific research you are en-
abled to join the group of learned institutions that has
made your State famous from the foundation of the
Republic.
Given at Amherst, Massachusetts, on the eighth day of
April in the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and
seven.
The President and Faculty of Amherst College
by
George D. Olds
Acting President
Edward Hitchcock
Dean
[seal]
112
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY
HBLD AT PHILADBLPHIA
FOR PROMOTING U8BFUL KNOWLBDOB
SBND8 CORDIAL 0RBBTIN08 TO
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
on the completion of its organization with all its de-
partments exerting their beneficent influence in pro-
moting useful knowledge.
This Society feels pride in the fact that it is one of
its own members, who, with rare intelligence, conceived
the Institute and endowed it on a scale of liberality
which is without parallel in history.
As the oldest Society in America, itself consecrated
by the immortal Franklin to the promotion of useful
knowledge, the American Philosophical Society takes
pleasure in recording its high appreciation of the mag-
nificent benefaction, and in expressing the hope that
the Carnegie Institute through all time may justify the
high anticipation of its distinguished founder.
Signed and sealed on behalf of the American Philosoph-
ical Society held at Philadelphia for promoting Use-
ful Knowledge, April 5, 1907.
Edoar F. Smith
PnsUent
[seal]
Attest:
I. Minis Hays
"3
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
ARMOUR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Chicago, III., March 15, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
The authorities of the Armour Institute of Technol-
ogy in the City of Chicago desire most cordially to con-
gratulate you upon the event of dedication, which
marks so splendidly the progress, and announces so
fully the hopes, of the Carnegie Institute. Perhaps no
institution in the Central West will be more intimately
acquainted with the appeal which the Carnegie Insti-
tute must make to the young manhood of our country
than our own Armour Institute of Technology. There
can be no competition where there is such boundless
opportunity, save that noble emulation which must be
forceful in binding two such institutions together in
the common cause of education, especially in the realms
we have chosen.
With the late Mr. P. D. Armour, I surveyed several
years ago the magnificent field into which you now go
with such inspiring prospects. His successors and our
114
-^
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
officers hereby congratulate you and rejoice in this
hour of ahnost unmatched significance to the youth of
our land. t:^ • i r n
r aithiuUy yours,
F. W. GUNSAULUS
Pnsidint
THE ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO
Chicago, April 9, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
The pleasant duty falls to me of conveying to the
Carnegie Institute the congratulations of the Trustees
of the Art Institute of Chicago upon the opening of the
new building.
We count upon a continuance of the cooperation be-
tween the two institutions which has been so agreeable
and beneficial in the past.
It can not be doubted that the influence of the Car-
negie Institute will be increased in proportion to the
enlargement of its facilities.
Assurances are not needed of the friendship of the
Art Institute.
Yours most cordially,
W. M. R. French
Dinctor
115
1
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
BOWDOIN COLLEGE
To THE Board of Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
The President and Faculty of Bowdoin College de-
sire to offer to the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute
their cordial felicitations upon the dedication of the
new building which adds the charm of architectural
stateliness to the Institute, as well as the promise of in-
creased efficiency in the work to which it is dedicated,
and in which it is honorably engaged.
They embrace the opportunity, also, to express their
profound appreciation of the generous and noble pur-
pose of the Founder of the Institute, and of the very
important service which it has already rendered, and is
now still better fitted to render, to its students, to the
public, and to the cause of Art and Learning in this
country.
William DeWitt Hyde
President rf Bnodein College
Brunswick, Maine
30th March, 1907
116
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE MUSEUM
BROOKLYN INSTITUTE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Brooklyn, N. Y., April ist, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
The dedication of the new building of the Carnegie
Institute marks the beginning of the second decade of
its existence and the best wish that can possibly be ex-
pressed is that its progress in the future may be as rapid
and sure as has been its progress during the past ten
years.
me,
Sincerely yours,
Frederic A. Lucas
CurMfr-in- ChUf
117
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
BROWN UNIVERSITY
Providence, R. L, April 4, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
On behalf of Brown University, I beg leave to join
the representatives of hundreds of educational institu-
tions all over the world in extending warmest felicita-
tions to the Carnegie Institute on the occasion of the
dedication of its new building. Other events may take
more space in the newspapers, and arouse more public
discussion ; but no event could possibly mean more for
the future of education in America. Not only will the
work done under the roof of the new building be in it-
self significant, but the influence of that work in
moulding ideals and conceptions of education through-
out the country and the world will be most weighty
and enduring. The Corporation and Faculty of Brown
University join in wishing to the Board of Trustees of
the Carnegie Institute all possible success and constant
growth.
Sincerely yours,
W. H. L. Faunce
President
118
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE BUFFALO FINE ARTS ACADEMY
ALBRIGHT ART GALLERY
Buffalo, N. Y., April 8, 1907
S. H. Church, Esq.
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
On behalf of the Directors of the Buffalo Fine Arts
Academy, I desire to express to your Board the hearty
congratulations of our institution upon the important
increase in your facilities for doing good work for art.
The splendid liberality of Mr. Carnegie should do a
great deal toward advancing interest in art not only in
Pittsburgh but throughout the United States.
Your institution, with its splendid facilities and the
reputation which it is acquiring by reason of its annual
exhibition, should be the means of attracting many vis-
itors to Pittsburgh and of encouraging increased know-
ledge of and interest in the contemporary art of our
time.
With the hope that the future efforts of the Carnegie
U9
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Institute may be attended with even greater success
than that which has crowned them in the past,
On behalf of the Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, I am.
Very sincerely yours,
Charles M. Kurtz
• Dirui§r
BRYN MAWR COLLEGE
Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, March 20, 1907
The Faculty of Bryn Mawr College desires to offer its
congratulations to the Board of Trustees of the Car-
negie Institute on the completion of its new building,
— a notable addition not merely to the magnificent
equipment of the Institute but to the educational forces
of the state and the nation.
In behalf of the Faculty,
M. Carey Thomas
Presidint
Joseph W. Warren
To the Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
120
1
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON, D. C.
The Trustees of the Carnegie Institution of Washing-
ton extend Greetings and Congratulations to the
Trustees and the Officers of the Carnegie Institute of
Pittsburgh on the occasion of the Dedication of their
New Building and the Celebration of their Eleventh
Anniversary.
Along with sentiments of admiration for the achieve-
ments of the Carnegie Institute during the first decade
of its history, all sister organizations must entertain
confident hopes that this is but the first of many dec-
ades of notable achievement and progress.
Animated especially by such sentiments and hopes,
the Trustees of the Carnegie Institution of Washing-
ton salute the Trustees and the Officers of the Car-
negie Institute of Pittsburgh and wish for them and
their enterprise a prolonged era of prosperity in the
dissemination of knowledge and in the promotion of
public good.
Robert S. Woodward
President
[seal]
121
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
CASE SCHOOL OF APPUED SOENCE
Cleveland, Ohio, March 21, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Cam^e Institute
My dear Sir:
The Trustees and Faculty of the Case School of
Applied Science wish to congratulate the Carnegie In-
stitute upon the completion of its new building. We
believe that this institute with its various departments
will appeal to every class of people, and will be the
means of doing an infinite amount of good. We heartily
congratulate not only you but the citizens of Pitts-
burgh upon the magnificent work which you are doing
and which you will do more eflFectively because of this
addition to your equipment.
Very truly yours,
Charles S. Howe
Pnsidint
122
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
CINCINNATI MUSEUM ASSOCIATION
Cincinnati, Ohio, 9th April, 1907
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Dear Sirs:
On the occasion of the Dedication of the New
Building of the Carnegie Institute the Cincinnati Mu-
seum Association tenders its congratulations to the citi-
zens of Pittsburgh in possessing an institution so effi-
ciently equipped for the advancement of art and
science through the public spirit of Mr. Andrew Car-
negie.
Respectfully yours,
J. H. Gest
Dirictpr
123
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
CLARK UNIVERSITY
Worcester, Mass., March 14, 1907
Mil S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Cam^e Institute
My dear Sir:
I present to the Carnegie Institute herewith the con-
gratulations of the Trustees and Faculty of Clark Uni-
versity upon the inauguration of what promises to be
the most comprehensive and effective hi^er technical
school in the world. Your founder has already done
more for the cause of education both in its special and
in its popular field, and that for two continents, than
any man who has ever lived in either. This institution
is a fit culmination of the educational system of one of
the greatest industries of the world where mastery of
technical processes gave our country command in this
field of the world's market.
Very sincerely yours,
G. Stanley Hall
Pnsiiint
124
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE CLEMSON AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
OF SOUTH CAROLINA
Clemson College, S. C, March ii, 1907
President W. N. Frew
Carafe Institute
My dear Sir:
Wc extend to you and the Institute over which you
so ably preside, our congratulations in the successful
completion of the new building. You are fortunate in
having placed under your administration such large
sums of money for the equipment of the Carnegie Insti-
tute, and we wish the institution the full enjoyment of
the bright future before it.
Very truly yours,
P. H. Mell
President
125
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
THE COLLEGE OF THE
CITY OF NEW YORK
I HAVE the honor to present to the Carnegie Institute
of Pittsburgh, standing on the edge of the great valley
that lies between the mountains, the cordial salutation
of The College of the City that lies at the eastern gate
of the continent.
The future of the Nation is to depend increasingly
upon its urban populations, and Democracy can not
triumph except through their enlightening and en-
nobling.
I bear the Institute, its founder, its nourishers and its
teachers the best of good wishes in their great plans and
endeavors.
John H. Finley
President
April 12, 1907
126
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
COLORADO COLLEGE
Colorado Springs, Colo., Mar. 14, 1907
Mr. W. N. Frew
President, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear President Frew:
The Board of Trustees and Faculty of Colorado Col-
lege extend very warm congratulations to the Board of
Trustees and Faculty of the Carnegie Institute over
the completion of their buildings and the great promise
of usefulness which the institution offers to the whole
country. Nothing that our great philanthropist has
done promises more than the creation of this great
foundation.
With high regard,
Believe me.
Very sincerely yours,
William F. Slocum
127
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES
Golden, Colo., March 15th, 1907
The Colorado School of Mines desires to express its
appreciation of the importance of this event — ^the pass-
ing of another milestone in the upward progress of
education and civilization — ^and to add a word of com-
mendation to the generous donor who sees humanity
writ large.
128
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
New York, April lo, 1907
Columbia University offers hearty greeting to the
Carnegie Institute on the occasion of the formal dedica-
tion of its buildings and equipment to the work for
which they have been planned. That work is nothing
less than bringing to a great population, gathered at
an industrial center of the first magnitude, the re-
sources of modem science, modem art, and modem
skill, with a view to preparing better young men and
women for the actual work of life, and to the develop-
ment of those traits and characteristics which enter
most largely into good citizenship and the highest
personal usefulness.
Columbia University welcomes this new and power-
ful agency to affect and uplift the educational system
of the United States. It offers greeting cordial and sin-
cere, with every wish for a long career of uninterrupted
prosperity and usefulness.
Nicholas Murray Butler
Pnsidint
129
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
YALE UNIVERSITY
CONNECTICUT ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SOENCES
FOUNDED IN I799
New Haven, Conn., April 9, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
The President and Council of the Connecticut Acad-
emy of Arts and Sciences herewith transmit to you their
hearty congratulations upon the dedication of your
building. We honor the founder of your Institute,
welcome you to the circle of learned societies, in which
we have labored more than one hundred years, and
wish you the largest measure of success in the work be-
fore you, which you approach under such happy and
favorable auspices.
Respectfully yours,
John Christopher Schwab
For the President and Council of the
Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences
130
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Cornell University extends to the Carnegie Institute
salutations and hearty congratulations. It welcomes
with high hopes the inauguration of a noble enterprise
in which the true, the beautiful, and the useful appear
as parts of one splendid plan. It recognizes with ad-
miration the munificence and far-seeing purpose of one
who has done so much for the City of Pittsburgh and
for the advancement of the higher interests of the
whole nation. That the Carnegie Institute through
the centuries may be a benediction to the Republic is
the ardent wish and confident expectation of Cornell
University.
J. G. SCHURMAN
President
[seal]
Cornell University
Ithaca, New York
April 12th, 1907
131
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
DETROIT MUSEUM OF ART
Detroit, Mich., April 1 1, 1907
To THE Trustees
Carnegie Institute
Dear Sirs:
In behalf of the officers and trustees of the Detroit
Museum of Art, I beg to present to the Carnegie Insti-
tute of Pittsburgh, the sincere congratulations of this
institution in having such a magnificent building en-
dowed with such ample means.
The City of Pittsburgh is also to be congratulated in
having among her citizens a gentleman endowed with
the boundless generosity of Mr. Andrew Carnegie.
The Carnegie Institute, — among the greatest if not
the greatest of its kind, — ^is made possible through his
loyalty to the city where he won success, and in whose
success he was so large a factor. It is not only a monu-
ment to Mr. Carnegie, but a monument to the whole
country, and can not fail to be far-reaching in its in-
fluence in inspiring others, in other cities, to follow up
the splendid work that leads to the betterment of man-
kind.
Very respectfully yours,
A. H. Grifffth
Diriet9r
132
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
DICKINSON COLLEGE
Carlisle, Pa., March 14th, 1907
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
As President of Dickinson College, one of the oldest
institutions of collegiate rank in the country, permit
me, in the name of the Trustees and Faculty, to extend
hearty congratulations upon the completion of the
splendid New Building to be dedicated April 11-13,
and which will stand as a further illustration of the
broad public spirit and thoughtfulness of its distin-
guished donor.
Very truly yours,
George Edward Reed
President §f Diekinson C§llege
133
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
DRAKE UNIVERSITY
Des Moines, Iowa, April 4, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees
Carnegie Institute
My dear Sirs:
It is not saying too much to assert that no educa-
tional institution in the history of the world at the
time of its dedication has started with such splendid
equipment and endowment as the Carnegie Institute.
It is a just source of pride to every citizen of the
United States that we have among us a man of such
foresight and ability as Mr. Andrew Carnegie. Per-
haps from no other private citizen have come such bene-
ficent gifts to higher education ; nor is it probable that
in this, his example will be surpassed in the future.
The Carnegie Institute is one of the greatest monu-
ments to his name and fame throughout the world.
The work that it is equipped to do needs to be done.
The surpassing excellence of the equipment of this in-
stitution gives assurance that it will be well done.
Rejoicing in this auspicious occasion, Drake Uni-
versity felicitates the Board of Trustees of Carnegie
Institute upon the dedication of one of the most re-
markable educational foundations that has ever been
established in any country in all the world's history.
Very sincerely,
Hill M. Bell
PnsidiMt
134
- J
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
FREE LIBRARY OF PHILADELPHIA
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
The Trustees of the Free Library of Philadelphia,
beneficiaries of the generous gift of Mr. Andrew Car-
negie for branch library buildings in Philadelphia,
ask leave to join in hearty congratulations on the open-
ing of the new building of the Carnegie Institute of
Pittsburgh. This munificent endowment will per-
petuate the name of Mr. Carnegie in the city which
saw his successful establishment of the great industries
that have made Pittsburgh famous. Now the Car-
negie Institute will extend to thousands the benefit of
manual training and higher education in the arts and
sciences that owe so much to the wise gifts of Mr. Car-
negie in this and other countries.
The Trustees of the Free Library of Philadelphia
wish the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh a long and
prosperous career of usefulness as the best monument
to its great founder and benefactor. Pittsburgh and
Philadelphia join in acknowledgment of the debt of
the people of Pennsylvania to its great citizen, An-
drew Carnegie.
J. G. Rosengarten
PnsiJint
Attest:
John Thomson
Librarian and Sieretary
135
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
THE GEOLOOICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
New York, 5 April, 1907
My dear Sir:
The Geological Society of America certainly con-
gratulates the Carnegie Institute most heartily upon
the completion of its building and the opening of its
valuable collections to the public. The establishment
in Pittsburgh of the five great departments in science,
literature and art provided for through the munifi-
cence of Mr, Andrew Carnegie has already had a great
effect upon the encouragement and advancement of
learning in the world, and the outlook for future good
from the same endowment seems almost unlimited.
Expressing thus the felicitations of all the working
geologists of the country, I am.
Sincerely yours,
E. O. Hovey
Secretary
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Camegie Institute
136
^F*«HM«,
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE OEOROE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
Washington, D. C, March ii, 1907
To THE President and Board of Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
I am directed by the Board of Trustees and the Fac-
ulties of The George Washington University to pre-
sent their congratulations to you upon the completion
and dedication of the new building, and upon the
splendid equipment and endowment of the Carnegie
Institute. The future greatness of your institution
seems already assured. Its broad and comprehensive
plans for its departments of Fine Arts, Scientific Mu-
seum, Public Library, School of Music, and the Car-
negie Technical Schools will make it one of the great-
est educational centers in the United States. Surely
Mr. Carnegie has never been more wise nor more gen-
erous than he was when he established and endowed
the Camegie Institute at Pittsburgh.
On behalf of the University and also personally I
wish for you the great success to which your equip-
ment and location entitle you.
With very great respect, I am,
Sincerely yours.
Chas. W. Needham
Pnsident
137
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
GROVE CITY COLLEGE
Grove City, Pa., March 15, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees
OF the Carnegie Institute
Greeting:
The Trustees and Faculty of Grove City College
desire to congratulate you on the conspicuous place in
the great educational world which the institution you
have the honor to direct has already attained, and to
assure you of our appreciation of the reflex influence in
this great educational force upon the smaller and less
conspicuous schools and colleges of this country.
We assure you it is our sincere belief that the Car-
negie Institute will occupy no second place among the
educational institutions of this country.
With most hearty felicitations, we are,
Yours most sincerely,
Isaac C. Ketler
PresidiMt
138
I
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE
TO
THE TRUSTEES OF THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Greeting:
We send the congratulations of Harvard University
to the Carnegie Institute upon the dedication of its Li-
brary Building and upon the strong foundation on
which the work of the whole Institute now rests. We
rejoice that the Institute, enlarged and strengthened,
has now so great an opportunity to demonstrate the
saving benefits of education in a democracy and we be-
lieve that the fruits of that demonstration will be per-
vasive. The universities and colleges of America have
already welcomed the Carnegie Institute as a vigorous
fellow- worker in education; they renew that welcome
to-day as they see the Institute emphatically proclaim-
ing, in this presence, its faith in the dependence of a
people's industrial and social well-being upon their in-
tellectual and moral progress.
The President and
Fellows of Harvard College
By Jerome D. Greene
Secretary t» the Cerperatien
[seal]
Cambridge, April 12, 1907
139
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
HAVERFORD COLLEGE
Haverford, Pa., March 12, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carafe Institute
Dear Sir:
In common I doubt not with all other men interested
in education in the State of Pennsylvania, it affords me
much pleasure to note the approaching public cere-
monies in connection with the opening of the Camcgie
Institute. Pittsburgh and the whole State are to be
congratulated upon the possession of such a beneficent
institution.
Please accept the congratulations of Haverford Col-
lege.
Very truly yours,
Isaac Sharpless
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
JOHN HERRON ART INSTITUTE
The John Herron Art Institute, through the directors
of the Art Association of Indianapolis, the Institute's
parent organization, congratulates the Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute on the noble trust they are called
upon to administer. The directors of the Art Associa-
tion express the belief that the hope of the generous
founder that the art department will direct the Amer-
ican people to the highest esthetic ideals will be fully
realized, and that the people of the Middle West will
especially profit by his great benefaction.
Indianapolis, Ind.
April 10, 1907
141
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
The Johns Hopkins University sends fraternal greet-
ing to the Carnegie Institute, on the day of the auspi-
cious beginning of a renewed career, with the sincere
hope that it may, by reason of its comprehensive plans
and its munificent resources, contribute in an eminent
degree through all the generations to the progress and
the welfare of the community in which it is placed, of
the nation, and of the world.
Ira Remsen
President
Edward H. Griffin
Secretary $f the Academic Council
Baltimore, Md.
March the twenty-second
nineteen hundred and seven
142
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
LAFAYETTE COLLEGE
The President and Faculty of Lafayette College
heartily congratulate the Carnegie Institute upon the
completion of its new building and upon the further
development of the great work which has been en-
trusted to its Board of Trustees. Lafayette College
feels that every advance in the great work of education
and the cultivation of a higher appreciation of litera-
ture and art is of great significance to the larger usef ul-
;iess of the American people. It especially rejoices in
the combination of departments embraced in the Car-
negie Institute, so happily joining music and the fine
arts with science and literature.
Ethelbert D. Warfield
Fruiiemt
Easton, Pennsylvania
March 16th, 1907
i43
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
LAWRENCE UNIVERSITY
Appleton, Wisconsin, March 16, 1907
To THE President and Trustees
OF the Carnegie Institute
Lawrence University extends its hearty congratula-
tions to The Carnegie Institute on the occasion of the
eleventh celebration of Founder's Day, and the dedica-
tion of the new building of the Carnegie Library. It
felicitates the Institute on the great work it is doing for
society, and expresses the belief that in the domain of
art and useful learning it occupies an especially con-
spicuous place. With this new building, erected by the
munificence of its founder, it is equipped to contribute
more largely than would otherwise be possible to the
enrichment of the country's civilization. May the In-
stitute under the wise management of its officers and
Trustees attain a prosperity and usefulness that shall
exceed their greatest expectations.
Samuel Plantz
Pnstdint
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LEHIGH UNIVERSITY
Lehioh University sends cordial greeting to the Car-
negie Institute on the occasion of the dedication and
f onnal opening of its New Building.
To the Carnegie Institute Lehigh is already bound
by close ties; her sons find honored place among the In-
stitute's Trustees and teachers, with the educational
purpose of the Institute the University is in peculiar
sympathy, and of the bounty of the munificent founder
of the Institute Lehigh has herself received. These
ties, and the belief that the work planned and so auspi-
ciously begun by the Institute will redound, not merely
to the benefit of the youth of Pittsburgh, but to a larger
culture and truer ideals of education throughout our
land, evoke from Lehigh at this time the sincerest con-
gratulations and heartiest good wishes, and an earnest
expression of hope that the cordial relations between
the two Institutions may continue and intensify with
succeeding years.
Accepting with much pleasure the invitation of the
Institute to be represented at the ceremonies, the Uni-
versity has appointed thereto her President, Henry S.
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Drinker, LL. D., who will convey to the Institute as-
surance in person of the University's regard and felici-
tations.
Lehigh University
by Henry S. Drinker
President
Attest:
C. L. Thornburg
Secretary of the Faculty
[seal]
April 12, 1907
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY
Stanford University, California, March 12, 1907
Mr. S. H, Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
The Leland Stanford Junior University of Palo
Alto, California, sends her greetings, her good wishes,
and her highest hopes to the Carnegie Institute on the
dedication of her new building.
Alfred Mosely recently said that the keynote of
American education is this: It trains for efficiency.
"What strikes me most," he says, "is that your work-
shops are filled with college-bred men. In England
the university man is graduated into a frock coat and
gloves; here he is educated into overalls.'*
We of Stanford hope that this statement is true, and
that through the centuries to come Stanford and Car-
negie will stand shoulder to shoulder in educating uni-
versity men into overalls — in training men, not prima-
rily for culture, nor for erudition, nor for social ad-
vancement, but for efficiency.
Very truly yours,
David Starr Jordan
President
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
LEWIS INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO
The Board of Managers of the Lewis Institute, of
Chicago, joins with profound pleasure in the con-
gratulations which are extended to the Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute on the occasion of the dedication of
their New Building. The humane enterprise which is
celebrated in this dedication is worthy of the sanest
ideals of the great democracy in the midst of which it
finds a home. It is not too much to say that an adequate
understanding of the possibilities of this enterprise
would awaken a thrill of admiration and of aspiration
in the entire body of this generation of our common
humanity.
Chicago, April 5, 1907
148
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
LICK OBSERVATORY
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
Representing the Lick Observatory and its staflF of
astronomers, I beg to offer cordial congratulations upon
the completion of the buildings and organization of the
Carnegie Institute. The Lick Observatory is in full
sympathy with the educational purposes of the Insti-
tute. Whatever investigational work is worthy of the
astronomer's effort is well worth giving to the people.
W. W. Campbell
Director Lick Observatory
University of California
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
The Government and Faculty of the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology desire herewith to express to
the Carnegie Institute, to its Founder, its Trustees and
its Teachers, heartiest congratulations on an auspicious
opening and best wishes for a splendid and useful
future.
Henry S. Pritchett
President
April 9, 1907
149
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART
New York, April 1 1, 1907
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
The Trustees of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
of the City of New York, on the occasion of the dedica-
tion of the new building of the Carnegie Institute, de-
sire most heartily to congratulate the Institute not only
on the completion of its building, and on the recent
large increase of its endowment, but on the final con-
summation of the broadly conceived plans of its gen-
erous founder.
The persons most to be congratulated on this occa-
sion are the people of Pittsburgh and the still wider
circle of those who avail of the opportunities for use-
fulness which the Institute affords. The wise and able
manner in which those opportunities have been placed
ft
at the disposal of the public hitherto is the best proof
that the Institute has needed and deserved its present
enlargement, and the best guaranty of its success in the
f iiture. For this you may be sure that you have the
hearty good wishes of all who are working for the de-
velopment of art as a factor of the educational system
of this country.
Robert W. de Forest
Secretary, Metropolitan Museum
of Art
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
MICHIGAN COLLEGE OF MINES
The Board of Control and the Faculty of the Michigan
College of Mines send greeting and congratulation to
the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh on
the occasion of the dedication of the magnificent build-
ing which is hereafter to be its home.
We hereby express our earnest wish that the Insti-
tute so happily founded and so generously endowed,
embodying such broad designs for the betteraient of
human conditions may meet with the largest success;
and that within its sphere of influence it may widely
diffuse the higher ideals of American citizenship.
William Kelly
Chairman 9f the Board of Control
F. W. McNair
Frtsiient of the College
[seal]
Houghton, Michigan
April 5, 1907
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
MINNESOTA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE
Minneapolis, Minn., April 8, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Cam^e Institute
My dear Sir:
On behalf of the Minnesota Academy of Science,
having its headquarters here in Minneapolis, I wish to
express the high appreciation of the members of this
Academy towards the magnificent Art and Science In-
stitute built in your city through the agency and contri-
bution of the great fund presented by your illustrious
citizen, Mr. Andrew Carnegie. As workers in this line
of public educational facilities which I and my asso-
ciates have been engaged in seeking to build up and
make useful to the common citizenship of our common-
wealth, and from the smaller work which we are able to
accomplish, we can yet perceive the broad and exten-
sive range of educational influence that will undoubt-
edly come from the great institution to be dedicated by
your Board on the 11 th, 12 th, and 13th of this month.
On behalf of the Academy, I send our greetings, and
wish to express our high appreciation of this great insti-
tution of knowledge and learning, and hope and expect
152
for it a w
better citi
that will 1
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With hi
Trustees
My dear S
Mount
tions upoi
Every Am
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS
Boston, Mass., April i, 1907
The Trustees of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston
have the honor to present to the Trustees of the Car-
negie Institute in Pittsburgh their cordial congratula-
tions on the dedication of the new building to its three-
fold purpose. They welcome the advent of another
splendid symbol, and abundant source of popular en-
lightenment in literature, science, and art. To the
founder of the Institute they wish many years of happi-
ness in giving happiness, and to his foundation success-
ful administration in perpetuity.
For the Trustees,
Ben J. Ives Gilman
Temporary Director
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Mr, S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
I sincerely congratulate the Trustees and the City
of Pittsburgh on the completion of this imposing edifice
which marks an important step in public education in
the United States,
Yours respectfully,
N. L. Britton
Direttor-in- Chief
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
NEW YORK TRADE SCHOOL
New York, March 15, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
The Trustees are to be congratulated on the con-
siunmation of the great work which has been inaugu-
rated and carried forward under their direction. The
opportunities which the various departments of the In-
stitute afford for the training of the mind and hand,
and for the attainment of knowledge and culture, mean
an enlarged field of usefulness and a richer life to
many thousands. Incalculable good will result, not
only to the City of Pittsburgh, but to the country at
large, through the philanthropy of Mr. Carnegie.
Particularly gratifying is the provision made in the
Carnegie Technical Schools for the teaching of the
handicrafts, for no small percentage of the youth of
our land take to the various trades as a means of liveli-
hood. Owing to the disappearance of the old-time
system of apprenticeship, it is not only difficult but fre-
quently impossible under existing trade conditions for
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lads who are mechanically inclined to acquire a trade.
We do not lack in schools for those who wish to enter
the professions or who desire to follow a business ca-
reer, but as yet, little has been done in this country to
afford practical training to those who must work with
the hand.
As a co-worker in the field of trade school endeavor,
we welcome the Carnegie Technical Schools.
Very sincerely,
H. V. Brill
Superintendent
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
New York, April 6, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
New York University, through its Senate, represent-
ing all the Faculties, rejoices that the intellect which
has wrought for a generation at Pittsburgh, will now,
by entering into wedlock with the Carnegie Institute,
raise up a family of sons to help subdue nature to the
welfare of man through coming generations.
f Very truly yours,
I Henry Mitchell MacCracken
Chsncilkr
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL PARK
New York, March 18th, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees
OF the Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
It is the world at large which is to be congratulated
upon the completion of the Greater Carnegie Insti-
tute ; but the Founder and the Trustees are entitled to
the felicitations of all lovers of science, art, and litera-
ture on this splendid consummation of their labors.
It is profoundly gratifying to see an institution
created on a plan of such magnificent scope, and its
abiding-place fashioned and perfected without a long
and wearisome delay. It is good to see a great center
of higher educational development rise full-fledged
into front-rank existence, and stand forth as a model
for other Founders and other Trustees to follow. The
world hopes much of the Carnegie Institute, and is
bound to offer it perpetual sympathy, good-will, and
admiration.
Yours faithfully,
William T. Hornaday
Dirictor
159
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
. EvANSTON, Illinois, March 22, 1907
I To THE Carnegie Institute
The President of Northwestern University, on be-
half of the University and its Trustees, offers to the
Trustees of the Carnegie Institute most sincere con-
gratulations upon the completion of its new building.
The establishment and endowment of the Institute
marks an epoch in the history of education. Its prog-
ress will be watched with great interest by every friend
of education and culture.
By
Abram W. Harris
President
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OBERLIN COLLEOB
Obbrlin, Ohio, March 12, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
Oberlin College is very glad indeed to join in
heartiest congratulations to the Carnegie Institute
upon the completion of its splendid new building, and
the working out of the comprehensive and significant
plans that must mean so much, not only for Pittsburgh
and its vicinity, but for the country at large.
Sincerely yours,
Henry Churchill Kino
Fnsident
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
PEABODY MUSEUM
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East India Marine Hall
', j- Board of Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
The Peabody Academy of Science sends greetings to
the Camegie Institute and to its founder whose wise
benefactions parallel the work of the free public school
system of the country in the diffusion of knowledge
among the masses.
G. A. Peabody
PreiiJnl, BtMrd »f TrusUtt
Edward S. Morse
Direfttr ef tht Muiium
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE PEOPLES INSTITUTE
New York, April 12, 1907
The Peoples Institute heartily congratulates the Car-
negie Institute on the splendid gift it has received upon
its Eleventh Anniversary.
Any city of the country would be proud and happy
to possess such rich means for education and inspira-
tion in all directions as the renewed Institute with its
Halls, Museums, and, not the least, its abundant facil-
ities for technical instruction affords. It has been a
pleasure and a privilege for a representative of the In-
stitute to participate in the exercises of the festival.
With the wish that each year may bring increasing
success to the work so well begun, the Peoples Insti-
tute rejoices with the Carnegie Institute in the rich
future opening before it.
Charles Sprague Smith
Managing Director
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
THE POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
BROOKLYN, NEW YORK
To the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, with its splen-
did endowment of means and men and ideals, the
Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn brings cordial greet-
ing. For the achievements of this foimdation, present
and to come, the Polytechnic feels admiration and a
sympathy bom of kindred aims. In the practical phil-
anthropy here exhibited it recognizes a boon, not only
to Pittsburgh, but to the country at large. For Amer-
ica may well rejoice that through the wisdom and munifi-
cence of one of her sons she is here enabled, in an era
marked by the development of technical education and
the upbuilding of an efficient democracy, to realize in
this great Institute an ideal that can not fail to make
for the fullest manhood and the finest citizenship.
Fred W. Atkinson
President
April eleventh, 1907
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PRATT INSTITUTE
Brooklyn, N. Y., March 26, 1907
To THE President and Trustees
The Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
In behalf of the Pratt Institute, I beg to extend to
you our congratulations and best wishes on the happy
occasion of the dedication of the Carnegie Institute.
We understand and appreciate the unique opportunity
that presents itself to you. You have a wonderful
equipment; you have earnest, intelligent men to direct
and conduct your work ; and you have in Mr. Carnegie
a wise benefactor, who has learned to safeguard his
enthusiasms, and who knows how to give to help and
not to harm.
This is an eventful day in the history of art and in-
dustrial education in this country, and the entire nation
looks to you for pioneer effort in these two lines of
work. Pratt Institute believes you will be equal to
your opportunity and sends you its good wishes for
your success.
Cordially yours,
Frederic H. Pratt
Setritsry
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PURDUE UNIVERSITY
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j[ The Trustees and Faculty of Purdue University unite
* in extending to the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute
t congratulations upon the occasion of the dedication of
the New Building, and in expressing the hope that the
great enterprises included in the Carnegie Institute
may long continue to serve humanity through the me-
dium of rational education.
; W. E. Stone
^ President
j Lafayette, Indiana
1 March twentieth
•^ Nineteen Hundred Seven
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RADCLIFFE COLLEGE
Cambridge, Mass., April 4, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
The Council of Radcliffe College sends congratula-
tions to the Carnegie Institute, and wishes it all success
in its great work.
Yours very truly,
L. B. R. Briggs
Prestdgnt
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
Troy, N. Y., Mar. 18, 1907
The Board of Trustees
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
The Board of Trustees of Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute send sincere congratulations to your Board
upon the occasion of the dedication of the new build-
ing of the Carnegie Institute. They appreciate the
wonderful work which the splendid gifts of Mr. An-
drew Carnegie will permit you and your successors to
do in the future and recognize the Carnegie Institute
of Pittsburgh as one more monument among the many
which this great philanthropist has erected in the
cause of education.
Very respectfully,
Palmer C. Ricketts
Prtsident
168
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
ROSE POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
Terre Haute, Ind., April 7, 1907
Carnegie Institute
To THE Honorable
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Gentlemen:
The Rose Polj^echnic Institute sends to the Car-
negie Institute, upon this, the auspicious day of the
dedication of its buildings. Greeting.
It congratulates the Institute upon having accom-
plished so much in its brief history and predicts for it
in the future far greater usefulness, success, and
achievement.
Especially to the Carnegie Technical Schools do we
oflFer felicitation; engaged in kindred fields of work,
our greetings are especially fraternal. Through it,
as well as all departments, will the welfare and happi-
ness of our people be furthered. The Institute will
stand for all time a monument in testimony of the
philanthropy, wise sympathy, and generosity of its
founder.
Sincerely,
C. L. Mees
President
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
SIMM0K8 COLLEGE
The Corporation of Simmons College sends its
heartiest congratulations to the Trustees of the Car-
negie Institute on the completion of their magnificent
edifice and wishes for them the greatest success in
their generous efforts for the encouragement of art,
literature, science, and industry.
Transmitted by direction of the Corporation this
eleventh day of March, one thousand nine hundred
and seven.
Henry Lefavour
Prisiitmt
[seal]
Boston, Mass.
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES
BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY
NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
On behalf of the Smithsonian Institution and its
branches, including the United States National Mu-
seum, I have the honor and pleasure to express sincere
congratulations to the Carnegie Institute, which is to
dedicate its new building at Pittsburgh, April ii, 12,
and 13, 1907, with imposing public ceremonies.
It is a subject of universal satisfaction that the mu-
nificent endowment of the Institute enables it to take
a place at once in the front rank of establishments de-
voted to the advancement of Science and Art, and the
Smithsonian Institution rejoices heartily that the
founder of the Carnegie Institute has so wisely and
abundantly equipped the Institute for its great work.
Very respectfully yours,
Charles D. Walcott
Secretary
[seal]
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STEVENS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
HoBOKEN, N. J., April 8, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Mr. Church:
I can not let this occasion go by without attempting
to convey through you to the Trustees, the Directors,
and especially to Mr. Carnegie the hearty good wishes
of the Stevens Institute of Technology, the pioneer
in the college education in Mechanical Engineering.
Mr. Carnegie has given you gentlemen of Pittsburgh
an opportunity to do a work which should be epoch-
making. I can not help reflecting on the inmiense re-
sponsibility which will rest upon you gentlemen in
connection with this colossal benefaction. While we
at the Institute are concentrating upon a single line of
effort, you will be called upon to be active along many
lines of activity, for you have before you the whole
field of instruction in technology, art, and the applica-
tion of art to technical work. In this connection you
will be able to do much towards the solution of the
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
problems now facing this nation in connection with the
relations between capital and labor.
Stevens Institute wishes you Grodspeed in the work
intrusted to you.
Respectfully and sincerely yours,
Alex. C. Humphreys
Pnsidimi
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE
SwARTHMORE, Pa., March 12, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary of the Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
Permit me on behalf of Swarthmore College to most
heartily congratulate the Trustees of Carnegie Insti-
tute of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on the tremendous
promise of usefulness of the great institution of learn-
ing which you are about to dedicate. It will far sur-
pass, so far as I know, any other such institution in the
world, and it bids fair to be one of the most useful of
the many great benefactions of Andrew Carnegie for
which he has become so justly famous.
Respectfully,
Joseph Swain
President
173
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
Syracuse, N, Y., March 26th, 1907
Board of Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Gentlemen:
We all take a deep and lively interest in the great
Institute and congratulate you upon the extension of
its facilities by the erection of this new building.
We feel that something of a kinship is established
between the Carnegie Institute and Syracuse Uni-
versity by the erection of a magnificent library upon
our campus by your renowned founder.
The character and scope of the Carnegie Institute
does not only great credit to Mr. Carnegie's philan-
thropy but also to his clear and broad concept of the
educational demands of his time and his country.
Very truly yours,
James R. Day
ChancilUr
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THE TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF KANSAS CITY
Kansas City, Mo., April 8, 1907
To Andrew Carnegie, Esq.,
AND THE City of Pittsburgh,
Greeting:
Accept the unbounded congratulations of the Tech-
nological Society of Kansas City upon the completion
of the invaluable Schools for Technical Advancement,
the opening of which you now celebrate, and the be-
stowal of which is an act of imparalleled philanthropy.
Science and art as fostered and developed in your
new institution are the keystone and pillars of civilized
life.
Pittsburgh's son, Andrew Carnegie, is strengthening
his home city by this foundation as perhaps no other
may do.
Beneficial results beyond imagination will be the
heritage of Pittsburgh, and Pennsylvania, and Amer-
ica, and the whole world from this Fountain of Know-
ledge.
J. ROBT. MOECHEL
President
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MEMORIAL
SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOOY
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The Founders and Trustees of the Thomas S. Clark-
son Memorial School of Technology extend greetings
and heartiest congratulations to Mr. Carnegie and the
Trustees of the Institute upon the opening and dedica-
tion of its new buildings.
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
TRINITY COLLEGE
Trinity College, in Hartford, Connecticut, extends
its heartiest greetings to the Carnegie Institute of
Pittsburgh, upon the occasion of the dedication of the
new building, and the College congratulates the Insti-
tute upon that most happy union of forces making for
civilization and progress which the associated depart-
ments so notably represent.
From the Library, the Present may gather all that
is best in the Past, and hand it on, splendidly trans-
muted, to the Future. The Gallery of Art and School
of Music will minister perpetually to the influences
that beautify life, exalt the spirit and ennoble the
imagination. The Scientific Museum, broadly con-
ceived, will provide the materials for the study and
interpretation of Nature in its countless phases. And,
finally, the Technical Schools, with their high mission
of applying knowledge to the great problems of civil-
ization, of dignifying labor and rendering its service
more and more beneficent and useful, will contribute
vastly to the betterment of life and living in this our
nation; for through their development of the genius
of the great engineer, through their skilled guidance of
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
the worker's hand and head, and through their inculca-
tion of the lesson that to the humblest handiwork the
highest art may be brought, a nobler ideal of citizen-
ship will certainly be uplifted before the eyes of all
people.
Flavel S. Luther
President
W. N. Carlton
Secretary of the Faculty
[seal]
April 12th, 1907
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
New Orleans, 12 April, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary, Carnegie Institute
My dear Mr. Church:
I am happy to bring from the Faculty of the Tulanc
University of Louisiana sincerest greetings to the Fac-
ulty of the Carnegie Institute. I am happy to bring
from New Orleans congratulations to the great and
growing city of Pittsburgh, which to-day becomes the
seat of the most splendidly housed, equipped, and en-
dowed Institute of Art, Science, and Technology in the
world. I am happy to bring from the people of the en-
tire Southland a message of affection and esteem to
Mr. Andrew Carnegie, the foremost citizen of the
Anglo-Saxon World, upbuilder of the invisible yet
ever-advancing, ever-widening, and immortal empire
of knowledge; the master spirit in the coming Parlia-
ment of Man, the first real President of the United
States of the World.
Very truly yours,
E. B. Craiohead
President
179
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
TUSKEGBE NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE
TusKEGEE Institute, Alabama, March 25, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
I have the honor on behalf of the Faculty of the Tus-
kegee Normal and Industrial Institute to extend most
cordial greetings to the Board of Trustees of the Car-
negie Institute on the occasion of the formal dedica-
tion of the Institute on Thursday, Friday, and Satur-
day, April 11, 12, and 13, 1907.
We rejoice with you that that great citizen of the
Republic, Mr. Andrew Carnegie, has erected at Pitts-
burgh a monument to education which will for all time
serve as a torch to enlighten mankind in the arts and
sciences.
We heartily congratulate you upon the great oppor-
tunity for service which has so splendidly been pro-
vided for you.
Faithfully yours,
Booker T. Washington
Prwdp4l
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNION COLLEGE
Schenectady, N. Y., March 12, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
Union College wishes to have a place among those
who present their congratulations to the Carnegie In-
stitute upon the occasion of the dedication of the new
building. We rejoice in everything that promises large
usefulness for the Institute, and with these greetings
we offer our best wishes for the future.
Yours sincerely,
Andrew V. V. Raymond
President Union College
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY
HEADQUARTERS
West Point, N. Y., March 14, 1907
The Trustees, Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
On behalf of the Military Academy I beg to offer
congratulations upon the auspicious occasion of the
dedication of the magnificent new building of the
Carnegie Institute, marking as it does a momentous in-
crease in the educational and scientific equipment of
the United States.
Very respectfully,
H. L. Scott
Colonel, U. S, Army,
Superintendent
182
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE UNITED STATES NAVAL ACADEMY
Annapolis, Md., April 12, 1907
To THE Trustees
THE Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
The United States Naval Academy was one of the
first organizations of the country to take up the tech-
nical training of young men for scientific pursuits on
lines somewhat similar to those adopted by the Car-
negie Institute, and is at the present time one of the
largest colleges carrying on such work.
With such common interests existing between the
two institutions, I feel warranted in expressing upon
the auspicious occasion, in behalf of the Faculty of the
Naval Academy, and its alumni who are engaged in
applying the science there learned to the arts of ship
construction and navigation in the various depart-
ments of the Navy, their congratulations and good
wishes for the success of this wonderful and beautiful
"temple of love" which will send forth into the world
young men who must prove monuments to its great
and generous founder, Andrew Carnegie — a man that
will ever be honored and revered as one who has done
183
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
so much for his fellow-men, ennobling their aspirations
and opening up to them possibilities of unlimited
knowledge, which means power that may rival in
strength his own remarkable deeds that have so won
the admiration of the whole civilized world.
Colby M. Chester
RiMr-Admirai, U> S. N.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
The University of California begs to extend to the
Trustees of the Carnegie Institute its most cordial
greetings on the occasion of the dedication at Pitts-
burgh of the new building of the Carnegie Institute.
It represents one of the most significant contributions
in the history of man toward the uplifting of society
and the betterment of human conditions.
Berkeley, March 16, 1907
184
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
FOUNDED BY JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER
March 8th, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
The University of Chicago begs to extend to the
Carnegie Institute congratulations and greeting on the
occasion of the dedication of the new building. The
Institute is calculated to do a great work for educa-
tion, and indeed for civilization in its widest sense.
That this work may be accomplished in the best way
possible, and that the largest vision of the founder and
of the trustees of the Institute may be realized, is the
sincere wish of the University of Chicago.
Very truly yours,
Henry Pratt Judson
Pnsidint
185
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
CURATORES UnIVERSITATIS CiNCINNATORUM
CURATORiBus Instituti Carnegiani Salutem Dant
Plurimam :
Quod vos supera in annis parte communis siti novo
Musarum alnmno domnm tantis opibus operibusque
praeditam estis coUocaturi, ergo, quod bonum felix
fortunatumquc sit vobis vestroque Municipio, Urbs,
quae Solis occidui Regina audit, artium technicarum
alma mater et fautrix, per nostram civicam Universi-
tatem vobis gratulationes verbis profert ampUssimis.
Carolus Guilielmus Dabney
Praises
[seal]
CiNCINNATIS, A. D. XI KaL. ApRIL., ANNO
AB INCARNATIONE DOMINI NoSTRI JeSU
Christi, MDCCCCVII
186
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
Ann Arbor^ March 8, 1907
The Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
In behalf of the authorities of this University I beg
to send to the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute our
hearty congratulations on the completion of your new
building. The generous endowment which the founder
has provided for the Institute should make it of great
service to the nation. We wish the highest success for
the enterprise.
Yours respectfully,
James B. Angell
President
187
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Minneapolis, March ii, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
The dedication of the new building of the Carnegie
Institute at Pittsburgh, April nth, 12th, and 13th,
1 907, is an occasion of such importance to the world of
learning that it might well gather together representa-
tives of all the universities and learned societies of the
world to witness a ceremony in connection with an in-
stitute that in its endowment, equipment, and prospects
of usefulness can hardly be equaled by any other insti-
tution in the world and certainly not by any whose
field of work is the same as that of the Carnegie Insti-
tute.
The Universitv of Minnesota sends to the Board of
Trustees of the Carnegie Institute its heartiest congrat-
ulations on what the Board has already accomplished
and its best wishes for the perfect realization of the
great idea of the founder of the institute, and for that
measure of mighty influence for good which the insti-
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
tute was established to accomplish. The University of
Minnesota welcomes to the field of learning an insti-
tution which can not fail to exert a powerful influence
in the special direction in which its efforts will be ex-
erted.
Very truly yours,
Cyrus Northrop
President
UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI
Columbia, Mo., 14 March, 1907
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
In behalf of the University of Missouri, and in my
own behalf, I congratulate you heartily, and indeed
our country, upon the progress which you have made
towards the dedication of the buildings of the Car-
negie Institute.
Very sincerely yours,
R. H. Jesse
President
189
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA
The University of Nebraska heartily joins in the vol-
ume of congratulations offered to Pittsburgh, to the
Trustees and friends of the Carnegie Institute, and to
the entire World of Science, on the completion of the
Institute's new building, which must increase incal-
culably its power as a creator of Mentality, Culture,
and Citizenship.
E. Benj. Andrews
Chancellwr
Lincoln, Nebraska
March thirteenth
Nineteen hundred and seven
190
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
Philadelphia, Pa., March 26, 1907
The Provost, Trustees, and Faculties of the University
of Pennsylvania extend Greetings and Felicitations
to the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute upon
the occasion of the formal Dedication of the new
building of the Institute in Pittsburgh, and further ex-
press their congratulations upon this great achieve-
ment, and the sincere admiration of the University of
Pennsylvania for the noble work of the Carnegie In-
stitute.
Chas. C. Harrison
Pr9V9St
[seal]
Clayton F. McMichael
Sigihi Custos
191
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE
Knoxville, Tenn., 26 March, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees,
The Carneoie Institute
Gentlemen:
Allow me to extend the congratulations of the Uni-
versity of Tennessee on the occasion of the dedication
of your new building. The magnificent plan on which
your institution is laid out is one that is almost
dazzling in its contemplation. The City of Pitts-
burgh and its environment should be highly apprecia-
tive of the treasure that it possesses in such an insti-
tution and of the extraordinary opportunities which it
offers to its citizens.
Very truly yours,
Brown Ayres
President 9 University of Tennessee
192
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
Charlottesville, Va., March 12, 1907
To THE Trustees, Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
The University of Virginia sends greetings of pride
and faith to the Carnegie Institute. It congratulates
its far-seeing founder upon the impulse to do this high
service; the institution itself, upon boundless oppor-
tunity; and the community, upon the possession of an
unfailing source of intellectual and moral strength.
Very truly yours,
Edwin A. Alderman
President
193
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
Madison, Wis., April 4, 1907
President W. N. Frew
Came^e Institute
My dear Sir:
The University of Wisconsin sends wannest con-
gratulations and felicitations to the Carnegie Institute
upon the dedication of her magnificent new building.
It is fortunate that the scope of the Institute is dif-
ferent from the ordinary college or university. The
emphasis placed upon the fine arts and music recog-
nizes the backwardness of America in these fields as
compared with Europe. The strong development of
these subjects will fill a pressing need which few insti-
tutions of the country have been able to meet. The
interests of the people are recognized by the scientific
museum, by the public library, and by the technical
department*
The great Carnegie Institute, supported as it is with
adequate endowment, can not fail to accomplish a
mighty educational work for the City of Pittsburgh,
the State of Pennsylvania, and for the nation.
Yours very sincerely,
Charles R. van Hise
Fnsident
194
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
THE UNIVERSITY OF WOOSTER
WoosTER, Ohio, April 1 1, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
The University of Wooster takes this opportunity to
present to the President and honored members of the
Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute and
through them to the citizens of Pittsburgh and the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania its most sincere and
hearty congratulations on this most auspicious occasion.
You have the honor of being the Trustees of the
largest single gift made to an educational institution
in the world. An endowment which usually takes cen-
turies to gather, the result of the gifts and sacrifices of
thousands of givers, has come to you in a moment by
the gift of one of your own well beloved citizens. We
are proud for you to-day. We salute you, our youngest
sister, pride of thy father, who has made your cup of
blessing to be full and running over. We wish you
every success in your great and world-wide mission.
We also congratulate the man who has made this an
auspicious day for the Middle West. We are proud that
the rich men of America are becoming wise enough to
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
be their own executors. Men who have had the brain
and skill to amass great fortunes should have sense
above their heirs to dispense them* Blessed is the man
who is master and not slave of his wealth, who has the
vision of the seer and uses his wealth to encourage vir-
tue, reward industry, promote reforms, awaken in the
undeveloped youth the desire to put his talents at in-
terest, and places before the poor opportunities which
will give them an equal chance with the rich to make
their lives worth the living. All these things Mr. Car-
negie has done. He is coining his money into character
for the generations to come. All honor to him. He is
not only a citizen of Pittsburgh and the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, but he has shown himself to be a
friend and a brother to men of all nations, a citizen of
the world of whom we are all proud.
We therefore congratulate the man who to-day
makes us all happy by the wisdom with which he dis-
penses his beneficent gifts to all mankind. We honor
him that he has so multiplied the talents which God
gave him and while in the full use of all his faculties
set himself to the task of planning so beneficently for
the present and future generations of the youth of his
own country.
Very truly yours,
Louis Edward Holden
Pnsident
196
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
Nashville, Tenn., March 12, 1907
Mr, S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
On behalf of Vanderbilt University I beg to con-
gratulate the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute on the
completion of their new building and the successful
launching of one of the most important educational
enterprises of the present time. It is rarely the case
that an institution has an opportunity to begin its work
with so splendid an equipment and so bright a future as
the Carnegie Institute now has. Older institutions
that have had to work their way through difficulties of
every kind rejoice that your institution will have an
easier road and be enabled to do its work with greater
facility and success. May the splendid beginning you
have made be a prophecy of great achievement and per-
manent success.
Very truly yours,
J. H. KiRKLAND
Chancellor^ Vanderbilt University
197
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
VASSAR COLLEGE
PouGHKEEPSiE, N. Y., March 7, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
On behalf of Vassar College I heartily congratulate
the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute and the citizens
of Pittsburgh upon the dedication of the new building
of the Institute. This unparalleled gift to your city
is an advantage to our entire nation and is a cause of
rejoicing on the part of all who are interested in the
liberal and technical training of Americans.
Respectfully yours,
J. M. Taylor
President
198
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
*
1
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
St. Louis, Mo., March 27, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
Washington University extends its heartiest greet-
ings and congratulations to the Board of Trustees of
the Carnegie Institute upon the completion of its new
building, which is to be dedicated in April. With its
splendid endowment, its strong Board of Trustees, and
its young and energetic faculty there can be no doubt
that the Institute has the brightest future before it.
Washington University extends its best wishes for the
rapid and full development of the work of the Insti-
tute.
Truly,
W. S. Chaplin
Chancilkr
199
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON COLLEGE
Washington, Pa., April 3, 1907
The President and Professors of Washington and Jef-
ferson College offer their congratulations to the Trus-
tees of the Carnegie Institute upon the completion of
the splendid group of buildings, which will hereafter
constitute the home of the Institute, with its literary,
esthetic, and educational departments.
We also congratulate the Trustees upon the posses-
sion of funds so ample that they may work out ideals
unhampered by the limitations that so often cramp the
efforts of educational institutions. The munificence
of the founder has placed it in their power, not only
to offer to the young opportunities to train themselves
for a useful life, but to place before all the people the
higher enjojmients of a cultivated life.
In behalf of the Faculty of Washington and Jeffer-
son College,
James D. Moffat
President
200
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY
Lexington, Va., April 12, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary, Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
I desire to say, not merely on behalf of the Washing-
ton and Lee University, but also on behalf of all the
universities and colleges of the South, that we con-
gratulate you and rejoice with you in this splendid
consummation of civic and educational pride and as-
piration.
This great gift of Mr. Andrew Carnegie is felt and
appreciated throughout the nation, which has already
been enriched by the gracious influence and inspiring
example of his unselfish life.
Good men everywhere will wish you happiness at
this hour, and for this institution will arise to-day many
hopes and prayers that it may prosper in its work with
an ever enlarging sphere of influence until it shall
make adequate response to the ideal of its great founder
and to the needs of this great city.
I assure you, one and all, that in no section of the
country does the heart of humanity beat more warmly
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
with your heart to-day than in the ancient Common-
wealth of Virginia which I have the gracious honor to
represent and whose greetings I bear.
Very truly yours,
George H. Denny
President
WELLESLEY COLLEGE
Wellesley, Mass., April 3, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
the Carnegie Institute
My dear Mr. Church:
In President Hazard's extended absence abroad I
have the honor to extend to the Trustees of Carnegie
Institute the good wishes of Wellesley College, on the
occasion of the dedication of the new building.
The Trustees of Carnegie Institute and the citizens
of Pittsburgh are to be congratulated upon the advan-
tages which this generous gift offers to the young peo-
ple of America.
lam.
Very truly yours,
Ellen J. Pendleton
Dean
202
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
ADELBERT COLLEGE
Cleveland, Ohio, 13 March, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary,
My dear Mr. Church:
The Trustees of Western Reserve University would
through me convey to the Trustees of the Carnegie
Institute heartiest felicitations. The confederation
of five great departments under one administration
represents one of the noblest movements of the world
in educational and administrative affiliation. Such a
confederation, also, aids each of the affiliating so-
cieties to become more efficient in the eflFort which it
makes for human betterment.
Believe me, my dear sir, with considerations of great
respect,
Very truly yours,
Charles F. Thwing
Presiiint
203
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
WESTERN UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
Pittsburgh, Pa., April 12, 1907
Resolved^ That the Board of Trustees of the Western
University of Pennsylvania congratulates the Carnegie
Institute upon the completion and dedication of the
magnificent new buildings and upon the splendid and
remarkably successful exercises of dedication ; and upon
the new gift of six millions made by the founder,
Andrew Carnegie, to the Institute to enable it the bet-
ter to carry on its great work in its various depart-
ments.
Resolved^ That representing the Western University,
an institution of Greater Pittsburgh, now in the one
hundred and twentieth year of its corporate life, the
Trustees extend to Andrew Carnegie, a member of this
Board, a sincere tribute of thanks and appreciation for
this gift of the Carnegie Institute to the people of
Pittsburgh and for the generous endowment for carry-
ing on its work. Already the Institute has made a
splendid impression upon the community and in the
years to come the good, in knowledge, culture, and
skill, will be multiplied. The University joins all the
people of our city in expressing gratification and ap-
preciation to the founder for his donation to the city he
loves.
204
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Resolved^ That the Trustees express their appreciation
of the courtesy of the Carnegie Institute in permitting
the University to have a part in the program of dedica-
tion in conferring the degrees on Saturday morning
and thus enabling the University to honor the distin-
guished men who have come across the sea.
Attest, The Board of Trustees
S. B. LiNHART Alexander Dempster
Secretary President
205
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
MoRGANTOWN, W. Va., March 1 1, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
Carnegie Institute
My dear Sir:
I learn with great pleasure of the approaching cere-
monies at the opening of your new building, April 1 1,
12, and 13, proximo. Permit me for myself, and on
behalf of the West Virginia University, to congratu-
late the Board of Trustees upon the most auspicious
opening of the Carnegie Institute. It is a magnificent
example of the wise and benevolent dedication of
money to the good of mankind. The Institute will be
of inestimable value, especially to this active and opu-
lent region, of which Pittsburgh is the center. Our own
location makes us at this University especially and per-
sonally interested in the Carnegie Institute.
Kindly accept our heartiest felicitations and con-
gratulations in view of the interesting occasion to
which I have already referred.
lam,
Very truly yours,
D. B. PURINTON
President
206
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
WILLIAMS COLLEGE
WiLLiAMSTOWN, Mass., March 30th, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church
Secretary, Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
The Carnegie Institute, with its five great depart-
ments, is one of the crowning and most notable prod-
ucts of our American civilization.
The thought which has devised it, the expert skill
and strong initiative which has set in order its begin-
nings, and the wise generosity which has provided for
its continuance, are worthy of all honor. Williams
College joins in the acclaim of congratulations called
forth on this Dedication Day.
With high regards,
Henry Hopkins
President
I
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207
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
WILLIAMSON FREE SCHOOL OF
MECHANICAL TRADES
Williamson School P. O., Pa.
(Delaware County),
March 14, 1907
S. H. Church, Esq.
Secretary, Board of Trustees
of the Carnegie Institute
Dear Sir:
Our State and country are to be congratulated on Mr.
Carnegie's noble foundation. Especially are we glad
that trade schools are to be included in your work.
There is an overwhelming demand for intelligent arti-
sans, and our somewhat extended experience clearly in-
dicates that those given a broad training of ample
length in schools are best fitted to become America's
skilled workmen.
With hearty wishes for the success of the Carnegie
Institute, I remain.
Yours very truly,
John M. Shrigley
PresuleMt
208
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
WORCESTER ART MUSEUM
To Carnegie Institute
The Worcester Art Museum situated in the "Heart
of the Commonwealth" — one of the best industrial and
educational centers of New England — sends greetings
and hearty congratulations to the Carnegie Institute
of Pittsburgh, on the occasion of its dedication.
Your field of operations, and your buildings, collec-
tions, and endowment far surpass ours ; yet the spirit of
genuine art is one spirit, and we are together seeking to
serve the great body of the people, by promoting the
noblest aspirations and standards in the realm of the
beautiful.
It is significant that, in the midst of our abounding
material prosperity, the American people, both rich and
poor, are turning with such enthusiasm to the establish-
ment of institutions that lift up the highest ideals in
education, art, and life.
Among these the Carnegie Institute at Pittsburgh,
with its great resources, is destined to have a most im-
portant place and influence.
Daniel Merriman
President Wercester Art Museum
Worcester, Mass.
April lo, 1907
209
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE
Worcester, Mass, April i, 1907
Worcester Polytechnic Institute joins with insti-
tutions of like aim the world over in appreciation of
Mr. Carnegie's great gift.
Congratulations to the Carnegie Institute upon its
splendid opportunity and best wishes for success in the
accomplishment of the highest purposes.
Edmund A. Engler
Fraiiiut
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary, Carnegie Institute
210
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
YALE UNIVERSITY
New Haven, Conn., April 9, 1907
To THE Board of Trustees,
Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
Yale University takes special pleasure in sending its
greeting and its representative to the Carnegie Insti-
tute on the occasion of the opening of its new buildings.
In common with all other universities, we appreciate
its importance for the future of education ; and we have
a special interest in its work in view of the fact that an
honored graduate of Yale, Mr. William N. Frew, is
President of the Board of Trustees.
We sincerely hope and believe that the Carnegie In-
stitute will become one of the great educational factors
in this country and add to the well-deserved fame of its
founder.
Very truly yours,
Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr.
Secretary
[seal]
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
acad£mi£ imp^riale
DES
SCIENCES
D£ ST.-P]^T£RSBOURO
18 Mars, 1907
Institut Carnegie
J'ai rhonneur dc presenter a Tlnstitut Carnegie de
la part de rAcademie Imperiale des Sciences de St.-
Petersbourg ses sinccres felicitations a Toccasion de
rinauguration des nouveaux batiments eriges pour
ITnstitut. Ces temples de la Science et des Arts seront
la juste gloire de votre grand pays. U Academic Im-
periale des Sciences souhaite a I'lnstitut des succes
brillants et une longue prosperitc.
Serge d'Oldenburg
Seer hair e Perphuelt Membre di P AcadimU
212
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
ACAD£mI£ D£ DIJON
University de France, Dijon, France
universitas divionensis
carneoiano instituto,
8. P, D.
Institute vestro, illustrissimi doctissimique viri, gra-
tias persolvimus, quod nos certiores feceritis, a vobis
mox, multis doctarum societatum membris plaudenti-
bus, solemniter inauguratum iri splendidissima ilia
aedificia, quae vir scientiae artiumque pulchrarum
amans in omnium commoda suis sumptibus extrui vo-
luit.
Itaque per has litteras iis, qui f requentes istis f estis
diebus vobis astabunt, se conjungit Universitas nostra,
una cum illis res quam prosperrimas vobis exoptans, ut
scientiarum artiumque lumen in populos late per multa
secula diffundatis.
Dabat Divione a. d. VI kal. Apriles MCMVIL
E. BOIRAC
Divhnensis AcademUe Rict9r,
Senatus Universitatis Divionensis Praeses
[seal]
213
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
ACAD^MIE
D£
MONTPELLIER
R^PUBLIQUE FRAN9AISE
MoNTPELLiER, France, Ic 8 Mars, 1907
Le Recteur de l'Acad£mie de Montpellier k
M. LE SECRfiTAIRS DE L'InSTITUT CaRNEGIE k PITTSBURGH
Au nom de TUniversite de Montpellier, j'ai Thon-
neur de vous adresser nos plus cordiales felicitations a
Toccasion de Tinauguration de ITnstitut Carnegie-
Une vieille ecole telle que la notre, qui travaille pour
la science plus de six siecles, est heureuse d'envoyer ses
souhaits de bonheur et de succes aux jeunes ecoles qui
se f ondent de Tautre cote de TAtlantique.
Antoine Benoist
Ricteur, Prisident du Conseil de P Universiti
214
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
DAS RECTORAT DER HOCHSCHULE BERN
AN
DAS CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Bern, Switzerland, den 16. Marz, 1907
Im Namen und Auftrag der Universitat Bern gratu-
liere ich herzlich zur bevorstehenden Eroffnung Ihrer
Anstalten.
Mit grosser Hochachtung,
Prof. Dr. A. Thurlings
Rector der Universitat Bern
215
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
CESKA UNIVERSITA
KARLO-FERDI NANDO VA
VPRAZE
Prague, Bohemia, March 27, 1907
To Carnegie Institute
I have the honor to send my congratulation to the
joyful celebration which will be held by opening the
Carnegie Institute, wishing that this magnificent insti-
tution should be for all the United States a rich source
of improvement and of progress for humanity through
all time.
I have the honor to be.
Prof. J. Hlava
Rector of Bohemian University of Prague ^
Austria- Bohemia
216
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY
Halifax, Nova Scotia, March 20th, 1907
To THE President and Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
Greeting:
The President and Senate of Dalhousie University
have heard with the greatest pleasure of the magnifi-
cent gift of your founder to Education. While they
rejoice with you most sincerely over the generous pro-
vision made for your Institute, they are not unmindful
of the fact that the generosity of Mr. Carnegie has not
been restricted by local or national boundaries, but has
ever been animated by the belief, that whatever pro-
motes the intellectual and social well-being of one na-
tion or community makes for the uplifting of all and
the approach of the day of universal enlightenment
and peace.
They desire to congratulate you most heartily upon
the completion of the building of your Institute, and to
express the hope that the splendid gifts with which
you have been endowed may result in great and last-
ing good to the advancement of science and the well-
being of your people.
John Forrest
President
Walter C. Murray
Secretary
217
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC
Paris, le 30 Mars, 1907
Monsieur V Ambassadeur^
Monsieur Vignaud a bien me demande d'assurer la
remise a sa haute destination d'une invitation d'assister
a Tinauguration de ITnstitut Carnegie que les adminis-
trateurs de cette Institution adressaient a Monsieur le
President de la Republique.
Monsieur le President sous les yeux duquel je me
suis empresse de f aire placer cette invitation a cte tres
sensible a Taimable pensee des administrateurs de
ITnstitut Carnegie et, se trouvant dans Timpossibilite
d'assister a I'inauguration de cet etablissement, il m'a
charge de recourir a Tobligeante entremise de Votre
Excellence pour leur faire parvenir avec ses sinceres
remerciements I'assurance du vif intcret qu'il porte a
leur oeuvre.
Agreez les assurances de la tres haute consideration
avec laquelle j'ai Thonneur d'etre.
Monsieur TAmbassadeur,
De Votre Excellence,
Le tres humble et tres
obeissant Serviteur,
S. PiCHON
Son Excellence Monsieur White,
Ambassadeur des Etats-Unis a Paris
218
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
DER PROREKTOR UND SENAT
DER
GEORGE-AUGUST-UNIVERSITAT
GoTTiNGEN, den 28. Marz, 1907
Den Trustees des Carnegie Institute
zu Pittsburgh
Sprechen Prorektor und Senat der George-August-Uni-
versitat zu dem Tage, an dem es ihnen vergonnt ist,
von den herrlichen Raumen Besitz zu ergreifen, die
ihnen die grossartige Freigebigkeit eines vielbewahrten
Forderers der Wissenschaften und der Volksbildung
bereit gestellt hat, ihren herzlichen Gliickwunsch aus.
Shroder
An die Trustees des Carnegie Institute
219
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
IN8TITUT DE FRANCE
Paris Ic 27 Mars, 1907
Lb President db la Commission Administrative Centrals X
Monsieur S. H. Church,
Secretaire de Carnegie Institute
Monsieur le Secretaire:
Ulnstitut dc France a rcgu la lettrc par laquelle
vous rinformez que rinauguration du nouveau bati-
ment de Carnegie Institute aura lieu les 11, 12, et 13
du mois d' Avril prochain.
Nous craignons que ITnstitut de France ne puisse
etre reprcsentc dans cette solennite, mais il s'y associe
tout entier par la pensee et il adresse ses bicn vives
felicitations au donateur pour la magnificence de ses
dons et a la Cite de Pittsburgh qui, devenue une des
grandes villes du monde, va devenir aussi un des
grands foyers d'instruction technique et artistique.
La science et Tart fccondent Tindustrie. UAme-
rique est heureuse de posscder des citoyens qui le com-
prennent et emploient une fortune gagnee par le tra-
vail a developper les forces productives de ses travail-
leurs.
Agreez Texpression de notre sympathie.
Li President de ut Commusion Adminutrativi Centrale di P Institute
Secrhaire Perpetuel de P Acadimie Franfaiie
Gaston Boissier
220
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
KAISERLICHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN
WiEN, Austria-Hungary, am 15. Marz, 1907
An die geehrte Carnegie Institute
IN Pittsburgh
Wir haben die Ehre, dem sehr geschatzten Carnegie
Institute anlasslich der Einweihung seines neuen
Heimes die warmsten und herzlichsten Gliickwiinsche
der K. Akademie der Wissenschaften auszusprechen.
Wir geben der Hoffnung Ansdruck, dass die Tatigkeit
des geehrten Institutes zum Wohle der Wissenschaft
von den besten Erfolgen begleitet sein und so den In-
tentionen seines hochherzigen Griinders im vollsten
Masse entsprechen werde.
Das Prasidium der
K. Akademie der Wissenschaften :
E. Suess, Lang
221
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
KUNOL. SVENSKA
VETENSKAPSAKADEMIEN
STOCKHOLM
Herr Curator C. V. Hartman,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
KungL Svenska Vetenskapsakademien, som mottagit
inbjudning att lita sig representera vid invigningen
af Carnegie institutets nya byggnad den 11-13 ^pnl
bar beslutat att utse Eder till sitt ombud vid if rigava-
rande hogtidlighet samt anhaller att Ni behagade
framfora akademiens lyckonskningar i anledning af
f estens stora betydelse.
Pi KungL Vetenskapsakademiens vagnar.
Peter Klason
Chr. Aurivillius
Stockholm, Sweden
den 13 mars, 1907
222
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
l'univ£rsit£ d'aix-marseille
Aix, France, le 22 Mars, 1907
Monsieur le Secretaire^
Notre Univcrsitc vous remcrcie d' avoir bien voulu
noiis f aire part de la prochaine inauguration de Tlnsti-
tut Carnegie. Nous saluons avec joie la creation d'un
etablissement qui jettera un nouvel eclat sur la science
americaine, et nous vous prions d'agreer nos souhaits
de glorieuse prosperite.
Sincerement votre,
Belin
MONSIBUR L£ SeCR^TAIRB
DE l'Institut Carneoib
223
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
l'univ£Rsit£ d£ bordeaux
Bordeaux, France, le 1 1 mars, 1907
Le ReCTEUR, PRisiDENT DV C0N8EIL DE l'UnIV£RSIt£
/ Monsieur le Secretaire de l'Institut Carnegie
L'Universite de Bordeaux est heureuse de feliciter
ITnstitut Carnegie, a Foccasion de Tinauguration dont
il veut bien rinformer. Le Nouveau Monde fait bien
les choses pour la Science, et les plus riches de ses ci-
toyens dotent des instituts au lieu de donner des jeux
comme dans la Rome antique. Ce sont de nobles
moeurs, dont nos vieilles Universites tiennent aussi a
vous feliciter. Nous vous envoyons nos vceux pour la
prosperite de vos etablissements, des maitres et des
elcves.
Le Rectiur, Frksiient in Conseil de VlJniversiti
R. Thamin
[seal]
224
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
L'uNIVERSIT^ DE PARIS
l'iNSTITUT CARNEGIE
UUnivcrsite de Paris, la plus vieille des Univcrsites
du monde, adresse a ITnstitut Carnegie son salut et ses
felicitations, a Toccasion de I'inauguration de ses nou-
veaux batiments.
EUe est heurense qu'il ait ete fondc, dans le Nou-
veau-Monde, un nouvel et puissant organe pour le de-
veloppement de Tart et de la science.
EUe est heureuse que cette fondation soit due a la
liberalite d'un citoyen qui fait de la richesse le plus
noble des emplois, et donne ainsi au monde entier le
plus beau des exemples.
Ayant elle-meme recemment eprouvc la generosite
d' Andrew Carnegie et son devouement aux intercts de
la science, elle le salue en mcme temps qu'elle salue son
ceuvre principale et lui renouvelle publiquement Tex-
pression de sa reconnaissance.
Le Vice-Recteur de l'Universit]^ de Paris
Le 18 Mars, 1907.
225
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
MtGILL UNIVERSITY
Montreal, Canada, April 3rd, 1907
To President W. N. Frew,
Carnegie Institute
Dear Mr. President:
In view of the approaching celebrations at Pitts-
burgh, I have much pleasure, on behalf of this Univer-
sity, in congratulating the Carnegie Institute on the ex-
cellence of the material equipment, and the extent of
the endowment with which it is about to enter on what
we hope will be a long period of work in the public
service.
The union of Art, Science, and Literature, in one
magnificent institution, and under one administration,
is symbolical of the solidarity of modern educational
enterprise, and the best possible guarantee that the in-
terests of each separate department will be worked out
in relation to all the others.
Nowhere more than in a great center of industry can
the modem attitude to education be realized and illus-
trated. For education, in all its aspects, is part of a
great social problem which should be dealt with in such
a way that the corporate life of the conununity may be
226
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
strengthened and uplifted by what is done for the in-
dividual. Through the generosity of a munificent
founder, Pittsburgh has been put in possession of
highly enviable opportunities, and our hope and prayer
is that the Carnegie Institute may be enabled always to
turn these to the best possible advantage.
With all good wishes, I am,
Dear Mr. President,
Yours faithfully,
W. Peterson, LL.D.
Vue-ChanctlUr rf McGill University
227
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
QUEEN S UNIVERSITY
Kingston, Ont., 28th Feb., 1907
The Senate of Queen's University desire to congratu-
late the Board of Trustees of the Camegie Institute on
the dedication of their very handsome and commodious
building, and to express the wish that the work of the
Institute may be carried on with increasing success, and
with ever growing helpfulness to the nation.
The erection, equipment, and endowment of the Car-
negie Institute are a splendid illustration of the wise
liberality of Mr. Camegie, who has made such munifi-
cent gifts in the interests of Science, Literature, and
Art, and from whose generosity this University also
has received assistance. Such benefactions serve not
only as an example to the fellow-countrymen of the
donor; they possess international influence, and help to
enlist the wealth of other lands in the cause of truth
and progress.
The Senate of this University cordially desire that
the work of the Camegie Institute may abundantly
realize the highest expectations of its generous founder
and of its Board of Trustees.
Daniel M. Gordon
Principal and Vict'ChaneelUr
228
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
•«
RHEINISCHE FRIEDRICH-WILHELMS-UNIVERSITAT
Die RheinischcFriedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat spricht
dem Carnegie Institute bei Gelegenheit der Einweih-
ung seines neuen Gebaudes und des Beginnes seiner
Tatigkeit ihre waraiste Teilnahme und die besten
Gliickwiinsche aus, in der Hoffnung, dass die erleuch-
tete Absicht, welche der hochherzigen Stiftung Ihres
Institutes zu Grunde liegt, sich in voUem Masse er-
fuUe.
Wir sind uberzeugt, dass von diesem neuen Sitze der
Studien eine segensreiche Einwirkung auf die Geistige
Kultur Ihres Landes, die in verwandtschaf tlichen Be-
ziehungen zu der unseres Volkes steht, ausgehen und
dadurch nachhaltige Forderung Wissenschaft und
Kunst zuteil werden wird.
Der Pr9rtet9r der Rhiinuchen
Friedruh- Wilkelms- Umversitat,
H. Jacobi
229
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
DR. RICHARD STRAUSS
Berlin, Germany, den 8 April, 1907
Sehr geehrte H err en :
Ich danke Ihnen sehr fiir Ihre liebcnswiirdigc Ein-
ladung zur Einweihung des Carnegie Institutes; aber
zu meinem grossen Bedauern ist es mir nicht moglich,
der Einladung Folge zu leisten.
Ich wiinsche dem neuen Institut von Herzen eine be-
deutende, ruhmvolle Entwickelung.
Mit dem Ausdruck meiner vorzuglichsten Hochach-
tung,
Ihr ganz ergebenster.
Dr. Richard Strauss
230
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
K. ACCADEMIA DEI LINCEI
Roma, Italy, 19 Marzo, 1907
Caro Signore:
Ho la compiacenza de dirle che la R. Accademia del
Lincei desidera di essere considerata come presente in
ispirito nei giorni solenni dell' inaugurazione del
nuovo edificio del "Carnegie Institute," ed ammira co-
desta grande nazione, dalla quale sorgono splendide e
f econde iniziative private.
La R. Accademia dei Lincei, il giomo 10 aprile, in-
viera a V. S. Illma. un telegramma di f elicitazioni ; e
spera che tutte le pubblicazioni, che emanano dall' at-
tivita intellettuale di codesto Istituto, possano onorare
la Biblioteca Accademica.
Gradisca, illustre Signore, i sensi di def erenza,
V AccadiMM Segntarh^
E. Mancini
Illmo.
SiG. Sbgretario dell' Ufficio
DI Amministrazione del
"Carnegie Institute"
231
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA
Caracas, Venezuela, 23 de marzo de 1907
En nombre de la Univcrsidad, en via cordial i entu-
siasta f elicitacion al Institute Carnegie, con motivo de
la dedicacion de su nuevo edificio en Pittsburgh, en
los dias 1 1, 12, i 13 del proximo abriL
Con la generosa i esplendida donacion efectuada en
favor del Institute por el celebre filantropo Carnegie,
montante a veinte i cinco millones de dollars, el Insti-
tute que Ueva su nombre, hara de ese suntuoso hogar
un templo admirable de las Ciencias i de las Bellas
Artes.
J£sus MufJoz T£bar
Rector
232
I
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSIDAD DE LA HABANA
Havana, Cuba, March 15th, 1907
Mr. S. H. Church,
Secretary of the Carnegie Institute
Sir:
It is for me, as President of this University, of the
utmost pleasure while acknowledging receipt of your
communication of March 2 to congratulate the Board
of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute by reason of the
generous gift which the great benefactor Mr. Carnegie
has made to Pittsburgh, hoping that said Institute will
be one more to add to so many others you have in your
country divulging the light of science through all the
nation.
Very respectfully yours,
Leopolds Berriel
President
233
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITAT ROSTOCK
Rostock, Germany, den 12. Marz, 1907
Dem Carnegie Institut bringt die Landesuniversitat
Rostock des Grossherzogtums Mecklenburg-Schwerin
(Deutschland) zur ErofFnung und Einweihung ihrcr
Ncubauten die allerherzlichsten Gliickwiinsche dar.
Mogen diese Raume immerdar zum Fortschritt des
Wissens auf alien Gebieten beitragen !
Professor der Pharmakologie und physiologbchin Chimii, Kaiser lick- Russiscker
Staatsrat a. D. z. Z. Rektor der Universstit^
R. KOBERT
An den Board of Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
234
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY D£ GENEVE
Geneve, Switzerland, Ic 22 Mars, 1907
Le Recteur
X Monsieur S. H. Church,
Secretaire de Tlnstitut Carnegie
Monsieur:
L'Univcrsitc dc Geneve, fiUe de rAcademic dc Cal-
vin, est hcurcuse dc s'associer aux fetes d'inauguration
de rinstitut Carnegie par le temoignage de sa sym-
pathie et de ses vceux. Les traditions de TAcadeniie
et du College de Geneve nous rattachent par des liens
dcja anciens a la vie intellectuelle des Etats-Unis.
Toutes les occasions nous sont prccieuscs, qui nous per-
mettcnt de les renouvcler.
Transmettez, jc vous prie, au gcncreux fondateur dc
votre Institut Tassurance de notre haute consideration ;
a tous ceux qui doivent y enseigncr et y apprendre,
Texprcssion de notre cordiale sympathie.
Permcttcz-moi, au nom du Senat dc rUniversitc de
Geneve, de salucr vos fetes par Tantique formulc hu-
maniste :
"Que rinstitut Carnegie vive, croisse, et fleurisse!''
Bernard Bouvier
ReeteMT
235
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY LIBRE DE BRUXELLES
Bruxelles, Belgique, le 9 Mars, 1907
A Monsieur S. H. Church,
Secretaire du Conseil d'administration
du Carnegie Institute
Monsieur le Secretaire:
Vous voulez bien nous convier a prendre part a
la ccrcmonie de Tinauguration de ITnstitut Carnegie en
vous envoyant une adresse, et vous nous dites que cet
Institut comprend un musee de pcinture, un musee
scientifique, une bibliothcque publique, une ccolc de
musique et des ccoles professionelles. Semblable eta-
blissement n'a guere de rapport avec ce que nous enten-
dons en Belgique par une universitc et aucune des
branches que nous enseignons ici n'y semble represen-
tee. C'est trcs volontiers cependant que nous vous
adressons tous nos voeux pour le reussitc d'unc oeuvre
qui contribuera, nous n'en pouvons douter, a maintcnir
et a developper, dans la population de Pittsburgh, le
gout des plaisirs superieurs de Tintelligence, en meme
temps qu'elle la mettra a meme de se tenir au courant
des plus ingcnicuscs inventions modemes et d'en tircr
parti.
Veuillez agreer, monsieur le secretaire, Tassurancc
de ma consideration la plus distinguee.
Le Recteur de P Universiti
A. Lameere
236
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN
To THE Board op Trustees op the Carnegie Institute of
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U. S. A.
The University of Aberdeen offers its most cordial
greeting and niost hearty congratulations.
The Dedication of the New Building on the nth of
April is an event of extraordinary interest and signifi-
cance. If circumstances had permitted, it would have
been a high honor and a sincere gratification to the
Principal, in response to the courteous invitation ex-
tended to him, to have been associated with the distin-
guished persons who shall assemble on that occasion,
to have enjoyed the privilege of admiring the archi-
tecture and inspecting the divisions of the recently
erected Palace of Truth, Harmony, and Industry, and
to have added to many glowing tributes an apprecia-
tion of the generosity and of the noble aims of the
Founder of the Institute.
The Principal having been prevented from carry-
ing out his own wish, the University Court and the
Senatus of the University ask the Board of Trustees to
accept this Address as an expression of their best wishes
for the success of the Institute.
Their admiration has been excited by statements and
237
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
reports which have reached thenL They have read of a
stately edifice, erected at a cost of six millions of dol-
lars; they have been informed that this edifice, in the
midst of a city of gigantic industries, is designed to be
a center of intellectual, artistic, and technical activi-
ties; they have been told of a vast Library with many
annexes, of a well-stored Museum, of a splendid Art
Gallery, of a prosperous School of Music, and of a
varied and comprehensive scheme of Industrial In-
struction; they know that the Institute is to be the
focus and seat of all this organization, attracting to it
tens of thousands of workers, and aiming at the de-
velopment of their intellect, their taste, their skill.
The undertaking is vast. The responsibility of those
in charge of it is great. May the results be richer with
benefits than even the most sanguine expectation can
forecast!
In Mr. Carnegie, of whose liberality and construc-
tive genius the Institute is a monument, the Scottish
Universities have good cause for recognizing a most
generous benefactor. Pittsburgh has been to him as a
first charge, and the twenty millions of dollars of ex-
penditure and endowment of the Institute constitute
a magnificent donation. But the four Universities of
Scotland — ^his native country — ^have been as a second
charge, and for their benefit he has given to the half of
what he has bestowed on the Institute of the city in
which he made his fortune. The Trustees may be sure
that, though the wide Atlantic Ocean separates their
shores from those of Scotland, there shall be cheers
238
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
from halls and houses in this land, answering to
those with which Mr. Carnegie shall be received at the
celebrations in the ensuing April.
Six months ago, Mr. Carnegie honored Aberdeen
with a visit when the Quarter-Centenary of the Uni-
versity was celebrated, and the bright and warm en-
thusiasm of his manner and his speech are gratefully
remembered. Now, with all possible emphasis, the
University sends its salutations to him and to those
who guide and direct the Institute which he has created.
Given at the University of Aberdeen this 23rd day
of March, 1907.
John Marshall Lang, C.V.O., D.D., LL.D.
Hci' Chancellor and Principal
239
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE
Remarxs of Rev. Dr. £. S. Roberts
VICE-CHANCELLOR OF CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY
IN PRESENTING THE ADDRESS
To THE President and Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
I HAVE the honor to present an address of congratula-
tion from the ancient University of Cambridge. The
address, in accordance with an academic custom, has
been written by the public orator of the University in
the Latin tongue and is duly authorized by the grace of
the Senate and sealed with the common seal of the Uni-
versity. In this address you are reminded that the
name of Pittsburgh is to our University no new one.
Your city as the home of a University of more than a
hundred years' standing clauns and commands our cor-
dial friendship.
And we have endeavored in appropriate language to
felicitate you on the unparalleled munificence of your
great benefactor. My University, as is well known,
has an age-long and time-honored association with an-
cient studies ; and nevertheless yields to no other seat
of learning in its prosecution of the highest develop-
240
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
ments of modem science. We are bold enough to think
that our grand inheritance of the pioneer names of
Isaac Newton, William Harvey, and Charles Darwin
justify us in assuring you that in your strenuous en-
deavors to bring home to the people of your city and
your country an appreciation of the triiunphs of ap-
plied science — ^an appreciation inspired and intensified
by the hiunanizing proximity of literature and the arts
— ^in your far-reaching scheme inviting to the contem-
plation of higher ideals those teeming thousands of
your citizens who are absorbed in the storm and stress
of a daily life of toil : — in all this you have our whole-
hearted sympathy and our sincere good wishes for
the prosperity of your great Institute in ages to come.
It is then with profound satisfaction that I hand
over to your keeping this document from my Univer-
sity, the members of which will rejoice to hear from my
lips the noble welcome which you have accorded to
them in my person and the marvels of achievement
which it will be my duty and my pleasure to report to
them on my return from your hospitable shores.
241
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Instituti Carnegiani Praesidi et Fiduciariis
S. p. D.
Universitas Cantabrigiensis
Urbcm vcstram, viri oraatissimi, fluminum magno-
nim ad confluentes positam, et Senatoris Britannid
nobilis nomine nuncupatam, f ama certa novimns quam
inimensa sit, quanta incolarum multitudine floreat,
quot artium inter se diversanim of&cinis glorietur.
lUud autem nos profecto vel pluris aestimamus, quod
urbs tanta, non modo Universitatis abhinc anno plus
quam centum conditae, sed etiam Instituti novi sedes
constituta est, quod in posterum tot civium in negotiis
cotidianis occupatorum mentes ad altiora vocabit, et
Reipublicae toti doctrinae variae facem splendidam
praef eret. Instituti vero tanti conditor liberalissimus
abhinc annos decern, ut accepimus a BibUotheca ma-
gna condenda exorsus, nunc demum non tantmn Bi-
bliothecam illam sumptu maximo denuo condidit, sed
etiam operi tam magno Museum rerum naturae mira-
culis instructiun, scientiarum musicarum Odeum, ar-
tium omnium quae ad industriam pertinent Scholam,
Pinacothecam denique pulcherrimam addidit. Aedi-
ficium autem ipsum, arcuum et colmnnarum dignitate
decora conspicuum, sine dubio posteritati serae nomen
viri illustris tradet, qui vestrarum est (ut Horati ver-
bis utamur) *grande decus colimienque rerum/ Gra-
242
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
tulamur igitur vobis omnibus quod studiorum vcstro-
rum omnium patronum tarn munificum estis nacti, et
patroni ipsius et vestrum omniimi in honore Procan-
cellarium nostrum, virum sununa dignitate praeditum,
legatum nostrum mittimus, qui nostrum omniimi no-
mine Instituto tanto dedicando intersit, et epistola
nostra vobis reddita nostram in vos omnes, et Rcm-
publicam vestram maximam, declaret benevolentiam.
Valetc.
Datum Cantabrioiae
PRiDiE Kalendas Martias A. S. MCMVII®
[seal]
243
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH
The Senatus Academicus of the University of fklin-
burgh desire to offer to the Board of Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, their cordial congrat-
ulations on the completion of the magnificent Build-
ing under the administration of the Board. They feel
confident that the Institute will wax famous as a
nursery of Science and Art in the great industrial cen-
ter in Pennsylvania, and that it will be an enduring
monument to the benefactor, whose name is indissolu-
bly associated with the development and prosperity
of Pittsburgh as one of the most notable manuf actur-
ing cities in the world.
The University of Edinburgh is itself deeply in-
debted to Mr. Carnegie for the munificent endowments
which have so greatly promoted higher learning in the
metropolis of his native land, and it regards with pleas-
ure the corresponding gift which he has bestowed on
the city of the country of his adoption in which he re-
sided for so many years.
The Senatus Academicus ask the Board of Trustees
to accept this Address as a testimony of their esteem,
244
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
their good wishes, and their S3rmpathy in the great
educational movement which has this day been so
auspiciously inaugurated.
William Turner
Principal
L. J. Grant
Secretary ef Senatus
[seal]
April, 1907
UNIVERSITY OF GHENT
To THE Board of Trustees
OF THE Carnegie Institute
The University of Ghent heartily congratulates the
Carnegie Institute, and wishes that the torch of Art
and Science lighted by a great citizen's generous hand
may blaze forth in honor of your nation through the
remotest generations.
H. Leboucq
The Rect9r
E. Dauge
The Academical Secretary
Ghent, Belgium,
March the 15th, 1907
245
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW
To THE Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
The Senatus Academicus of the University of Glas-
gow presents to the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute
its cordial greetings and congratulations upon the com-
pletion of the noble buildings, dedicated to Science
and the Arts, with which the munificence of a generous
Scottish benefactor has endowed the City of Pitts-
burgh. The University of Glasgow has itself abun-
dant reason to be grateful to the founder of the Insti-
tute for his liberal benefactions to the cause of learning
in Scotland; and it rejoices to know that, in connection
with the ceremonies about to be celebrated in Pitts-
burgh, many tributes of honour will be offered to his
name. In these tributes the Senatus desires with all
sincerity to join, regretting only that, owing to unfore-
seen events, it is unable to manifest its sympathetic in-
terest in the proceedings by sending the Principal of
the University to deliver this letter in person.
On behalf of the Senatus Academicus,
Donald MacAlister
Principal
William Stewart
Clerk 9f Senate
2 1st March, 1907
246
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF HALLE
Instituti Carnegiani Pittsburgensis tutoribus et mcm-
bris rogitantibus, ut aedificium academicum nuper
pcrfectmn dedicandum Halcnsis quoque Univcrsitas
piis votis prosequatur, libcntcr morem gcrentes ex
animi sententia gratulantur, ut nobile illud Institutum
doctrinae atque humanitatis scgetcm colcre pergat,
Americse gloriam inter homines politiores augeat,
laude magistrorum, studio discipulorum semper floreat,
orant et optant iidem voluntatemque suam testantur
fausta felicia fortunata omnia precantur Universitatis
Fridericianae Halensis cum Vitebergensi consociatae.
Rector
Carolus Robert
Rector^ cum Senatu
Dabamus Halis Saxonum a. d.
V Kal. Apr. MDCCCCVII
247
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
To THE President and Members of the
Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
We, the Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the
University of Oxford, appreciate very highly your
courtesy in inviting a representative of our University
to be present at the dedication of the new buildings of
the Carnegie Institute at Pittsburgh, on April nth,
1907.
We note with deep interest the immense and rapid
growth of your great city, the center of manufacturing
and industrial activity in the United States; and we
rejoice that this striking commercial development has
not proceeded without due recognition of the claims of
Literature, Science, and Art. The establishment of the
Carnegie Institute, on which we desire to convey to you
our heartiest congratulations, is a splendid illustration
of profound sympathy with all that makes for the most
philosophic research and the loftiest culture.
This vast and comprehensive Institute, with its Li-
brary, Museum, Art Gallery, Music Hall, and Tech-
nical Schools, founded or rebuilt on a grand scale by
Mr. Andrew Carnegie, stands as a noble monument of
248
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
the unselfish dedication of great wealth to a further-
ance of the highest education and the widest civiliza-
tion.
We have great satisfaction in sending as our repre-
sentative at the Inauguration of the Carnegie Institute
Dr. John Rh^s, Principal of Jesus College and Profes-
sor of Celtic in the University of Oxford. We feel
that in making this choice we are commending to you
an eminent scholar, who has made a deep and sympa-
thetic study of the progress of education in the United
States. The interesting report which he presented as a
member of the Mosely Commission in 1903, is ample
proof of his appreciation of all that is best in American
Education, and of his warm recognition of the liberal-
ity with which it has been endowed.
Given in our House of Convocation on the fifth day of
March, one thousand nine hundred and seven.
[seal]
249
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF PADUA
ACADEMIAE CaRNEOINAE PiTTSBURGENSI
Universitas Patavina
S.D.
Magnam nupcr cepimus voluptatem, clarissimi Viri,
cum vestris litteris ccrtiorcs f acti sumus, Vos his proxi-
mis diebus cum soUemni apparatu, tot illustribus viris
praesentibus, novas aedes istius praeclarae Academiae
dedicaturos.
In quo illud maximc admirabile videtur, quod id
factum est unius hominis munificentia, qui, dum artcs
gcneri humano utiles fovet, sibi comparat laudem im-
mortalem. Vobis igitur gratulamur nee dubitamus
quin brevi ex praeclara vestra studionim sede flamma
sapientiae exsistat per totum orbem conspicua. Valete.
D. Patavio Kal. April. MCMVIL
V. POLACCO
Rect$r
[seal]
250
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF RENNES
Rennes, France, March 14th, 1907
The Board of Trustees of
THE Carnegie Institute
Gentlemen:
On behalf of the University of Rennes, I desire to
offer you my warmest congratulations on the occasion
of the dedication of the Carnegie Institute. I hope
that the festivities of your celebration will be a success
and I have no doubt that this new scientific institution
will be a torch of light for your nation.
I should be glad if you would consider this address
as an evidence of the sympathies which link together
schools of learning throughout the world, and, partic-
ularly, of the friendly feeling which has always existed
between our two nations.
With the very cordial greetings of the University of
Rennes to your Institute and to the whole Board of
Trustees, I have great pleasure in subscribing myself,
Yours very sincerely,
Laronze
Rector and President of the Council
of the University
251
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS
Address of the University of St. Andrews
TO THE Board of Trustees of the
Carnegie Institute
We, the University Court and the Scnatus Acade-
micus of the University of St. Andrews, desire to ex-
press to you how much we share the satisfaction and
delight which you feel who take part in the ceremony
of dedicating the new building of the Carnegie Insti-
tute on April 1 1, 1907. It seems to us a colossal struc-
ture, supplied with materials that can minister to the
highest instincts of man, to the love of nature and in-
terest in all the forms of animal life, to the enjoyment
of what is beautiful in music and painting, to the com-
munion with noble men of all the ages through their
books, and to the spirit of scientific research. It strikes
us that this building, with the ample provision made
for maintaining the various departments contained in
it, the gift of one man, forms a new era in the history of
modem times. The temple springs into existence as if
by the magic touch of one wand, and supplies the in-
habitants of Pittsburgh with the opportunity of pure
joys and high culture. The event forms a marked con-
trast in the history of the institution with which we are
252
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
connected. On February 27, 191 1, we shall have com-
pleted 500 years of our existence. During this long
period very many have been trained at our University
for the highest walks of life. Some of them have done
notable work in the fields of literature, art, theology,
and statesmanship, and a very large proportion have
quietly exercised a beneficent influence on the lives of
their fellowmen. But most of them had to struggle
with poverty; they encountered obstacles of every
kind. They met with opposition in their desire to
spread the truth, and they had to endure hardship even
when they had reached the simunit of their ambition.
Their characters were formed by the severe labors
which they had to undertake. In your grand new struc-
ture everything is made smooth. It indicates the re-
moval of obstacles, and it points forward to great
enjoyment of the highest kind. A new experiment is
thus begun. What the result may be no one can pre-
dict. We are quite sure of this, that if the spirit of the
founder and donor pervades the operations of the In-
stitute all will go well. He has been Rector of this
University for nearly six years. We have come to
know him well. Amidst enormous wealth he has re-
mained unspoiled. He is simplicity itself in all his
habits. He has not been led astray by any of the
vulgar ambitions that are too frequently associated
with great riches. He is conscientious in the use of the
means that come within his power, and his name is
blessed for the benefits he has conferred in every part
of the world. If those who take advantage of the Car-
^53
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
negie Institute follow the example of the founder, they
will be rendered wiser, happier, and more benevolent
by the privileges which the Carnegie Institute offers
thenL And we trust that the Institute will keep ever
before it one of the aims which has marked the whole
career of the founder, the desire for universal peace,
the creation of confidence between the nations of the
world, the social elevation of the whole mass of the
people, the arrival of the time when
Man to man the warld o'er
Shall brothers be for a' that,
and the realization of the poet's dream :
Till the war-drum throbb'd no longer, and the battle flags
were furled
In the Parliament of man, the Federation of the world.
James Donaldson
Hce- Chancellor and Principal of the
University of St, Andrews
[seal]
254
J
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO
Cancellarius Senatus Praeses
Universitatis Torontonensis
Praesidi et Sociis Institutionis Carneols
S. p. D.
Mittimus hascc literas, viri illustrissimi, primum ut
vobis, vestnim templmn et aedem Musanim dedican-
tibus, amicitiam testemur et ut vos f aciamus certiores
nihil nobis pulchrius, sapientius, amabilius videri
quam ita favere et subvenire illis studiis et artibus,
quae (ut aiunt) adolescentiam agunt, senectutem ob-
lectant. Laudationis deinde aliquid afferre volumus
illi viro sapientissimo, fundatori vestro, qui omnium
hoc aetatis ditissimus, ne dives ipse moreretur, ad doc-
trinam scientiamque augendam rectisque cultibus fa-
vendum divitias suas, duce sapientia tam sapienter
expendit. Hoc tantulum ergo gratulationis a terra
aliena ilia quidem sed amicissima, ut ad vos afferatur,
virum gravissimum Johannem Galbraith, qui laetitiae
intersit vestrae, ad vos mittimus.
Mauricus Hutton W. R. Meredith
Praties pr9 temf9re Cancellarius
[seal]
Datum ex Aede Academica
Ap. MDCCCCVn
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH
Zurich, March 15, 1907
To THE Carnegie Institute
Mr. President^ Gentlemen of the Board of trustees:
Wc, the Members of the University of Zurich,
Switzerland, desire to tender to you our most sincere
congratulations on the opening of the new building of
the Carnegie Institute. May this new seat of learning,
erected by the munificent benefactor, whose unsur-
passed generosity all the world knows, become one of
the centers of knowledge and research in the Great Re-
public, with whose noble people and free institutions
the warmest sympathies will connect us forever.
For the Rector and Senate of the University of
Zurich.
Theodore Vetter
Pr$fiss9r of EngUsb Phihhgj
[seal]
256
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON
London, England, March 21, 1907
The Zoological Society of London, founded in 1829,
for the advancement of Zoological Science, has commis-
sioned Peter Chalmers Mitchell, Doctor of Science of
the University of Oxford, Fellow of the Royal Society
of London, and its own Secretary, to convey its greet-
ings and congratulations to the Trustees of the Car-
negie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
It welcomes the completion of this magnificent new
instrument for the increase of natural knowledge, due
to the generosity of Andrew Carnegie, and confidently
predicts for it an enduring and faithful career.
Signed for the Council of the Society.
P. Chalmers Mitchell
M.A., D. Sc.» Oxon., F.R.S.
257
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
The Secretary of the Board of Trustees then read the
following kind and thoughtful communications which
had just been received by telegraph and cable:
WALLACE BUTTRICK
SECRETARY, GENERAL EDUCATION BOARD
NEW YORK CITY
Caroline Hotel, Pinehurst, N. C,
April 10, 1907
S. H. Church,
Secretary, Carnegie Institute
The General Education Board tenders cordial con-
gratulations to the Carnegie Institute on this occasion.
Technical skill is essential to an industrial nation which
expects to gain and to keep the world's markets. The
Carnegie Institute should lead in the most advanced
training to this end.
Wallace Buttrick
258
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
EARL OR£Y, GOVERNOR GENERAL OF CANADA
Ottawa, Canada, April ii, 1907
Andrew Carnegie,
Pittsburgh
My best congratulations and good wishes on this great
occasion.
Grey
HON. ROBERT S. McCORMICK
Chicago, April 1 1, 1907
S. H. Church,
Pittsburgh
Unavoidable adjournment of important conference
makes it impossible to be present at your interesting
ceremonies. Kindly present my compliments and re-
grets to Mr. and Mrs. Carnegie and Trustees, in drink-
ing whose health, coupled with success to the Institute,
I will join to-morrow evening although not present in
person.
Robert S. McCormick
259
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
SIR LAWRENCE ALMA-TADEMA
London, England, April ii, 1907
Church,
Secretary, Carnegie Institute
All hail to Institute and Carnegie.
Alma*Tad£ma
CAPE university
Cape Town, Africa, April 10, 1907
Carnegie Institute
Best congratulations.
Cape University
university of christiania
Christiania, Norway, April 12, 1907
Carnegie Institute
Best congratulations from the University of Chris
tiania.
BrO£60£R
Reh
260
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN
Erlangen, Germany, March 4, 1907
Carnegie Institute
Beste Gliickwiinschc zur erhebendcn Feicr iibcr-
sendet der akademische Senat der Universitat Er-
langen.
MADAME CURIE
Paris, April 1 1, 1907
Trustees, Carnegie Institute
Rcgrette profondement de nc pouvoir accepter Tai-
mable invitation des Trustees et presente souhaits sin-
ceres.
Mme. Curie
261
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
UNIVERSITY OF HELSINGFORS
Helsingfors, Finland, April lo, 1907
Carnegie Institute
Novas aedes artibus musis scientiis dedicatas populo
Americano gratulamur :
Universitatis Helsingfors
Rector Magnificus,
HjELT
IMPERIAL MILITARY ACADEMY OF MEDICINE
St. Petersburg, Russia, April 10, 1907
Carnegie Institute
The Imperial Military Academy of Medicine of St.
Petersburg offers cordial congratulations to the Board
of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute. May this splen-
did pillar of science ever flourish for the benefit of
mankind and for the glory of the American nation. A
magnificent monument of a liberal donor.
President Danilevsky
Secretary Dianin
262
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
JONKHEER A. P. C. VAN KARNEBEEK
MINISTER OF STATE
The Hague, Holland, April ii, 1907
Church, Carnegie Institute
Hearty feeling for significance of your glorious fes-
tivities. I regret my absence and oflFer best wishes and
congratulations.
Karnebeek
NATIONAL university OF LA PLATA
La Plata, Argentine Republic, April 12, 1907
Carnegie Institute
National University of La Plata sends congratula-
tions day of dedication your new buildings.
Joaquin V. Gonzalez
Fresidtnt
263
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
REALE ACCADEMIA LINCEI
Rome, Italy, April 12, 1907
Secretario Ufficio,
Carnegie Institute
Reale Accadcmia Lincci Roma vuolc csscrc considc-
rata presente in ispirito alia grandiosa cerimonia del'
inaugurazione del nuovo f abbricato Carnegie Institute,
splendido frutto postero, iniziative private, in codesta
illuminata repubblica.
Presidente Blaserna.
PROFESSOR WILHELM K. RONTGEN
Muenchen, Bavaria, April 10, 1907
Trustees, Carnegie Institute
Thanks for renewed invitation. Cordial wishes for
success.
Professor Rontgen
264
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
UNIVERSITY OF CAEN
Caen, France, April lo, 1907
President, Institute Carnegie
Univcrsite Caen vous adresse cordiales felicitations
ct souhaite prosperite.
Zevort
Recteur
UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
Tokyo, Japan, April 10, 1907
Secretary, Carnegie Institute
Cordial congratulations.
President University Tokyo
FRIDAY LUNCHEON
At the conclusion of the presentation of addresses, the
guests of the Institute were taken for an automobile
ride about the city and through the parks of Pittsburgh,
after which a visit was made to the Pittsburgh Country
Club where luncheon was served.
265
FRIDAY AFTERNOON
On Friday afternoon there was a continuation of
public addresses, in the following order:
INTERNATIONAL COdPERATION
IN ZOOLOGY
P. CHALMERS MITCHELL,
M.A. (aBBRDOH. ET OXON.) D.K. (OXON.), V.Z.I., F.L.t., F.K.I., SECUTAKY TO
THE ZOOLOGICAL tOCtBTr OF LONDON
We who have come as delegates from other countries
to the dedication of the Carnegie Institute at Pitts-
burgh rejoice to sec how splendidly the generous imagi-
nation of Mr. Carnegie has been translated into this
magnificent instrument for the advancement and prop-
agation of natural knowledge. There is no greater
gift to mankind than an increase in the peaceful arma-
ments of knowledge, and we confidently expect that
this splendid institution will become a new citadel of
267
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
learning, a new brain-center of the world, a new force
in man's struggle to obtain comprehension and control
of nature. In the name of the societies and institutions
of Great Britain and Ireland that have similar objects,
I offer homage and greeting to the Carnegie Institute.
At a meeting such as this, where men are gathered to-
gether from many lands, it is important to turn to those
modes by which different institutions and countries can
cooperate in their conunon task. We can rely, for many
centuries to come, on the continued existence of the
primordial stimulus of ambitious rivalry; the newer
and higher factor of international cooperation in work
still needs to be fostered. I need not argue the point
that international cooperation in science must aid the
advancement of science ; but science is only one of the
modes by which man raises himself from the natal dust,
«
divides himself from the ancestral beast. Many of us,
at the invitation of Mr. Carnegie, are going on from
Pittsburgh to the Conference at New York on Inter-
national Arbitration and Peace, and I submit that in-
ternational cooperation in science is destined to be a
growing component of the factors that make for peace.
Put it in the crudest way. Is there a musician or a
painter, an astronomer or a zoologist here, who, finding
himself an armed man in the barbaric struggle of war,
would not hesitate to shoot, were his bullet likely to
find its billet in another musician who would have
added to the harmonies of the world, in another painter
before he had set all his fair dreams on canvas, in an-
other astronomer who might have pierced still further
268
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
into the silent recesses of space, in another zoologist
who was elaborating yet another link in the chain of
evolution? In more general terms — every community
of interest that binds unit man with unit man of differ-
ent countries makes it easier to control the sudden
surges of primeval passion that lead to war, and, if the
conunon interests transcend the rivalries of nations, if
our devotion to the arts and the sciences that belong to
all mankind is stronger than our accidental attachment
to the race of our birth, then the arts and sciences above
and beyond their intrinsic value have a supreme im-
portance as agencies in the consolidation of mankind.
I propose now to touch briefly on some of the details
in which increased international cooperation is urgent,
choosing instances relating chiefly to my own subject of
zoology.
CATALOGUING OF ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE
The niunber of institutions throughout the world in
which zoological work is done, and the number of
languages and periodicals in which such work is pub-
lished, throw an increasing burden on the worker who
wishes, as every real scientific worker does wish, to
make his own investigations fit into the investigations
of others, to prevent wasteful overlapping and to se-
cure harmony. So long ago as 1865, when the difficulty
was less acute, a mmiber of English zoologists, led by
Dr. Albert Gunther, a name of world-wide honor in
zoology, founded an Annual Record (published by
269
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mr. Van Voorst of London) in which the attempt was
made to publish the titles and to give a brief indication
of the a>ntents of the zoological memoirs published in
every comitry in the preceding year. Although the
utility of the enterprise was apparent from the outset,
after the first three years it was only by a great sacrifice
on the part of the editor and the staff and by a grant
from the British Association for the Advancement of
Science, that it survived. The annual volumes VI to
XXII were published by an association of subscribers,
aided by grants from the British Association, the Royal
Society of London and the Zoological Society of Lon-
don. At the end of 1886 the "Zoological Rea>rd So-
ciety" failed to secure a renewal of some of these
grants, and the Zoological Society of London, to save a
work of great importance to zoologists, undertook the
financing and production of the Record, and has main-
tained it in existence to the present day, the forty-sec-
ond annual volimie having been published early this
spring. In the meantime, an international enterprise
of larger scope has come into existence. Professor
Henry of Washington, U. S. A., at a meeting of the
British Association held at Glasgow in 1855", had urged
the formation of a general catalogue of scientific pa-
pers. The Royal Society of London undertook the task
and has now nearly completed the huge work of cata-
loguing under author's names, and of providing a sub-
ject index to the scientific literature from 1800 to 1900.
It soon became apparent, however, that the continuance
of such a work was beyond the resources of any single
270
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
body, and, at the invitation of the Royal Society, a con-
ference took place in London in 1896, and was at-
tended by delegates from Canada, Cape Colony, Den-
mark, France, Germany, Hungary, Greece, India,
Italy, Japan, Mexico, Natal, The Netherlands, New
South Wales, New Zealand, Norway, Queensland,
Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the
United States. Of this Conference was bom the Inter-
national Catalogue of Scientific Literature, one of the
greatest attempts at scientific cooperation of modern
times. The essential idea of the system is that a local
bureau, representing each country, should collect and
index the literature of its own country, and that the
material obtained in this way should be sent to one
center, where, under a bureau directed by an Inter-
national Council, it should be collated to form a series
of annual volmnes representing the contributions of all
nations to the different divisions of science. The vol-
mne relating to zoology naturally covered the same
ground as that of the Zoological Record of the Zoolo-
gical Society of London, although there were consider-
able differences in the details of the arrangement. The
Zoological Society, although naturally preferring the
mode of presentment which it had elaborated itself and
which had become familiar by years of usage, realized
the importance of preventing the overlapping of effort,
and, last year, arranged to join hands with the Inter-
national Catalogue, practically and financially, and
beginning with the literature for 1906 the zoological
volumes of the 'International Catalogue" and the
271
i
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
''Zoological Record" will be identical and will be pro-
duced by joint effort. The success of such a scheme
will depend in large measure on the degree to which
the bureaus representing the different countries work
I loyally for the common good. In the meantime, Dr.
I Herbert Haviland Field, an able and devoted Amer-
ican bibliographer, has founded and brought to a high
degree of efficiency the ''Concilium Bibliographicum,"
i another international institution which by a different
method endeavors to place at the disposal of zoologists
accurate information regarding the annual output of
zoological literature. I venture to hope that the next
stage in international cooperation in this subject will
result in an addition of the methods of the Concilium
to the methods of the Catalogue and the strengthening
of the latter by the special experience and devoted ser-
vice of Dr. Field- Were this final concentration made
zoologists would then have an Annual Record of zoolo-
gical work as nearly perfect as may be, in the form of a
complete Index of Authors and Memoirs, alphabet-
ically arranged, and an elaborate subject index in four
languages; the device of the Zoological Record by
which specialists could obtain the part relating to their
own subject would be retained, and there would also
-, be retained Dr. Field's extremely useful prevision by
which index cards relating to any subject can be sup-
plied to any worker or institution that orders them.
For the present the Royal Society of London has ad-
vanced the capital necessary for the enterprise, and the
Zoological Society of London, although it has no State
272
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», .
•If .
i
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
or other endowments, makes a considerable annual
grant toward the editorial expenses ; but if the various
countries and institutions support the undertaking by
subscribing for a sufficient number of copies, the Rec-
ord will very soon be entirely self-supporting.
Looking still further into the future, I hope that the
International Council, when it has satisfied the
zoologists of the world by perfecting the scheme of re-
cording zoological literature, will be able to influence it.
I do not think that it can be doubted that every de-
partment of zoology, but perhaps systematic zoology
in particular, suffers by the diversity in the modes in
which kindred new facts are given to the world. Dif-
ferent words are used to express the same zoological
idea, different scales of measurement or of color are
employed for the same set of animals, and extremely
different conceptions obtain as to the use of terms in
classification, and as to what is sufficient for the diag-
nosis of new races, species, genera and so forth. An
International Council that had gained the confidence
of the zoological world by its mode of recording litera-
ture might do much, through the editors of the zoolog-
ical journals, in securing uniformity in these important
matters.
ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE
The great task with which the systematists of the day,
and especially those connected with musetmis, are en-
gaged is the determination of the different kinds
(species, sub-species, local races) of animals and plants
^73
V
i*-\
»"*1
t
f
i
t *
i
t
■ ■■'. !
• ■
I •
r. '
1
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
that people the surface of the globe. There cannot be
too many persons or institutions engaged in this work,
for not only is it colossal, but the rapid spread of civil-
ization is exterminating vast numbers of different
kinds of animals. We hear of the extinction of the
great game animals, of beautiful birds or, even, of rare
butterflies; but as forests are destroyed, as land is
brought under cultivation, as marshes are drained and
rivers are danmied, countless numbers of inconspicuous
forms disappear. And yet these are materials for the
study of evolution, links that, before we have know-
ledge enough to understand their importance, may
have been lost to science. The work of collecting and
recording them can not go on too quickly. In this mat-
ter there can not be too much cooperation by the great
museiuns of the world in lending type specimens, and
sending out special collections on loan, as, for instance,
has recently been made possible by Professor Ray
Lankester, the director of the British Museum of Nat-
ural History, in the case of the hitherto almost inac-
cessible collections of that great institution. But prog-
ress is being delayed by want of uniformity in the rule
of zoological nomenclature. American zoologists, and
in particular those who deal with mammals, have been
boldly wise in seeing that a temporary confusion of
names, the unpleasant changing of terms with which
usage has made us familiar, is a small evil if it leads to
a permanent uniformity. I trust that when the Zoolog-
ical Congress meets at Boston this August, every zo-
ologist who shares in the deliberations on the rules of
274
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
nomenclature will be prepared to sacrifice his own
inclinations and customs to the necessity of a universal
scheme. Names are but convenient counters, and the
essence of their convenience is that each name should
have an indubitable significance. I do not propose to
enter here on the details of the various possible amend-
ments to the International Rules of Zoological Nomen-
clature which will be discussed at Boston. A committee
of the Linnean Society of London, of which I had the
honor to be a member, has discussed these at great
length and will present a summary of their suggestions
in due course. But one particular matter not included
in our report, and which may indeed still be a council of
perfection, I wish to set forth. I dare to suggest that
one source of difficulty is that in different languages
the same letters have different sounds, and that within
one language the same letter has frequently several
sounds. It appears to me that much confusion would
be avoided if all scientific names were to be built up
only from an agreed upon uniform alphabet, such, for
instance, as that of Esperanto, in which each of the
twenty-two simple and six accented letters has a dis-
tinct and invariable sound, and in which there are no
doubled letters. When an entirely new name is in-
vented, it should be formed of these letters, pronounced
in their conventional fashion; when the new name is
derived from an existing word, as, for instance, when a
species is named in honor of a person, the author should
transliterate into the alphabet of, say, Esperanto the
accepted pronunciation of the parent word. I suggest
^75
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
the use of the alphabet of Esperanto, merely because
diat has been medculonsly compiled and is already
familiar to many thousands belmiging to different na-
tionalities and tongues.
ALPHABET. (Esperanto)
Ordmify Lettcrt*
nut.
PromnicistioB.
Letter
sTODDBCjBDOH*
(F«Kk Ennplt)
(FfchF II |l )
A
a long (Ame)
B
»(Bal)
C
ts (xsar)
c
trb (rcHeque)
D
d (petit)
£ .
f closed (iti)
F /(roit)
4k
G
g hard (oant)
G
dj (aojutant)
H
b aspirated (Haine)
A
{cb (German) (docH)
I
/ long (tie)
(rena)
>, ispat^
{j (Spanish) (joCa)
I (ate)
A
J .
r (aiLLE)
I (aiL)
J
J (jouer)
K
k (Kilo)
L
/(Lac)
M
/fi (Mon)
N
n (NOtrc)
O
0 long (apotrc)
P
p(yon)
R
r (Rirc)
S
J sharp (sur)
S
cb (cHat)
T
/ (xon)
U
ou long (voOtc)
u
au short (miaou)
V
V (voir)
z
z (zete)
276
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
To take a few examples : A mouse dedicated to Cail-
lard would become Mus kajardi, to Chalmers M. cal-
mersi, to Centaur M. sentauri. It would then be
possible to apply the so-called one-letter rule in the
strictest way, as each letter would have a definite and
invariable significance. I would go still further, and, as
each existing name became determined by the rules of
priority, I would have it transliterated into the new
alphabet, so extending backward the process of simpli-
fication.
The two topics I have selected relate to the mechan-
ism rather than to the substance of zoology. It is un-
necessary to do more than name some of the substantive
problems of zoology for the solution of which interna-
tional cooperation is necessary.
In the department of paleontology for instance, it is
of first-rate importance that a concerted systematic
effort should be made to explore the surface of the
earth for fossils. The annual exploration trips of the
great American institutions bring a magnificent harvest
of fossil remains to science, and the generosity of the
Carnegie trustees in distributing casts of their most im-
portant discoveries is a real aid to international science.
But only a little portion of the surface of the globe has
yet been explored, and the recent marvelous results ob-
tained by Dr. Andrews of the British Museum in the
Egyptian Fayum show what wonders still remain to
be discovered. In marine zoology, the problems,
whether they be purely scientific, or whether they relate
to the great industry of fishing, are essentially intema-
277
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
tional. Notwithstanding the pioneer work of piscicul-
turists in America and Europe, the modes of fishing of
to-day recall the methods of primitive hunters, rather
than of agriculturists. And yet we know enough to
reject the old poetical phrase which spoke of the "un-
vifitageable sea/' The sea can be made to yield a har-
vest of food for the human race, immeasurably greater
than it does at present, when, by the joint efforts of the
maritime nations, its fisheries are controlled and culti-
vated. But these and the many other problems of zo-
ology, in particular those relating to the theory of
evolution, are in themselves so attractive, that I have
preferred to lay stress on the duller, but vital question
of method as more urgently requiring consideration at
international assemblies. \^Applause\
278
FRENCH SCULPTURE OF THE
MIDDLE AGES
BY
CAMILLE ENLART
Mes dames ^ Messieurs:
Je tiens a exprimer a mon tour ma reconnaissance et
mon admiration pour Thomme eminent qui nous a con-
vies a venir juger de son ceuvre grandiose. Des voix
plus autorisees que la mienne ont apprecic le cote hu-
manitaire, pratique, scientifique de cette merveilleuse
fondation. Le distingue conservateur de notre grand
musee f rangais des maitres contemporains vous dira ce
qu'il pense du musee d'art moderne forme ici par les
soins de Mr. Church et de Mr. Beatty; quant a moi,
mon domaine est Tart du passe, et il me semble qu'a ce
point de vue aussi c'est sans reserve qu'il faut f eliciter
les organisateurs et Teminent fondateur qui peut dire
avec le philosophe antique ''Homo sum et nihil humani
a me alienum puto."
A cote de T admirable bibliotheque qui vient de se
creer, Tart ancien a ici sa grande et juste place, et les
hommes de savoir et de gout qui ont su former la selec-
tion d'exemples que nous admirons ont droit a la recon-
naissance des amis des arts et de Thistoire. Tout ce qui
s'est fait de plus beau a ici sa place conune tout ce qui
peut se fairc de bien, et c'est dans un ordrc a la fois
279
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
harmonieux et methodique que sont presentes les mo-
deles les plus parfaits des arts antique, medieval et
modeme.
Dans cette reunion d'oeuvres doublement impor-
tantes pour Tart et pour Thistoire, je ne puis qu'ctre
fier de la place que tient ma patrie, depuis ce portail de
Saint-Gilles, le plus parfait peut-ctre des monuments
romans, moule ici pour la premiere f ois avec une remar-
quable habile te, jusqu'a ce Puits de Moise, de Dijon, la
sculpture la plus puissante de la dernicre periode go-
thique.
Le choix de ces deux exemples montre bien comment
nos ancetres ont su ctudier tour a tour ou simultane-
ment les modeles classiques, si bien adaptes a Saint-
Gilles, et la nature, etudiee au Puits de Moise dans ses
moindres details, mais avec une singuliere intelligence
de TeflFet d'ensemble.
Un peu plus de deux siecles scparent ces deux oeuvres
et cette periode est celle de la plus grande vitalite artis-
tique de la France. Laissez-moi vous dire quelques
mots de ce passe glorieux.
Le portail de Saint-Gilles qui reprcsente bien Tapo-
gce du style roman, a cte clevc entre 1 150 et 1 180 en-
viron, prccisement a Tepoque ou cet art fut abandonne
pour le style gothique. On sait que Tart roman, conrnie
les langues romanes, s'est forme de la tradition romaine
simplifiee, assouplie aux besoins de temps plus mo-
dernes et legerement modifiee par quelques elements
d'origine barbare, qui sont surtout des ornements geo-
metriques. Mais un element qui n'entre pas dans la
280
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
formation des langues romanes a, au contraire, une
grande importance dans les arts, c'est Tinfluence byzan-
tine. On sait qu'aprcs les invasions des IV* et V*
siecles toute culture intellectuelle se trouva ruince
dans TEmpire d' Occident, tandis que T Empire d'O-
rient prosperait, et c'est a Tart byzantin que Charle-
magne emprunta ses modeles lorsqu'il provoqua cette
Renaissance des arts qui f ut le point de depart du style
roman.
Du V* au VHP siecle, TEmpire d'Orient a crec un
style et eleve de nombreux edifices qui en bien des
points ressemblent a ceux qui furent batis en Occi-
dent au XIP. Le Marquis de Vogue avait mis ce fait
en lumiere, et vous savez que la demonstration a ete
reprise et completee depuis plusieurs annees par la
mission americaine de S3n:ie : Mr. Edw. Crossby Butler
a maintenant enrichi nos musees de precieuses collec-
tions de photographies et de moulages de ces edifices.
En France, le style roman, forme de la fusion har-
monieuse des elements romains, byzantins et barbares,
s'epanouit a la fin du X* siecle et disparait avec le
XIP. II forme des ecoles tres varices dans nos diverses
provinces, et Saint-Gilles montre bien la caracteristique
de Tecole de Provence. Ayant a sa disposition quan-
tite de beaux modeles d'art romain, elle a plus que
toute autre serre de prcs Timitation de Tantique, avec
ses colonnes corinthiennes, ses architraves, ses frontons,
ses proportions savamment reglees. Mais une fois que
nos artistes furent devenus assez habiles pour imiter
avec tant de perfection, ils se sentirent en mesure de
281
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
crcer, par leurs proprcs moyens, un art original, et c'est
cc qu'ils firent; cct art, c'est Ic style gothiquc, nc en
France au cours du XII* siecle, ct dont le succes fut tcl
qu'en peu d'annees il avait conquis toute I'Europe et
la plus grande partie de I'Asie Mineure.
L'art gothique a introduit dans I'architecture et dans
la sculpture dcs principes tout nouvcaux. Uarchitec-
ture gothique, dont men confrere et ami, Mr. Moore, de
rUnivcrsitc de Harvard, a si bien resume les caractcres
en un petit Uvrc substantiel, est avant tout un systcme
organique. Voici ses caractcres principaux.
C'est d'abord I'emploi de la voute d'ogives, qui pcr-
met, en reportant toutcs les poussccs sur un petit
nombre de points, d'alleger aussi completement que
possible le reste de la construction. Pour la premiere
fois done, les edifices voutes purent etre a la fois spa-
ciexix, solides et largement eclaires.
C'est aussi I'emploi de I'arc boutant, coroUairc n^
ccssairc dcs grandes voutes d'ogives. L'arc boutant
consiste en unc demi-arche extcrieure appliquce aux
points ou se concentrent les poussees et qui les epaule
puissamment en leur opposant une poussee en sens con-
traire.
Quant a romementation, elle est empruntee directe-
ment a la nature. Les sculpteurs, en effet, ne se scrvent
plus alors que tres librement ou tres exceptioncUement
des modeles antiques et byzantins que copiaient leurs
prcdecesseurs romans. lis crcent de nouveaux profils
de moulures, ctudics en vuc de produire des effets d'om-
bre et de lumicre raisonnes et calcules; ils ne reprodm-
282
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
sent plus reteraelle feuille d'acanthc antique ou by-
zantine, mais tous les feuillages sans exception; c'est
sur les plantes vivantes de leur pays qu'ils prennent les
modeles infiniment varies de leur ornementation vegc-
tale. Les figures que vous voyez au porche de Saint-
Gilles sont des agrandissements d'ivoires byzantins ou
des imitations de modeles gallo-romains ; au contraire,
les statues que vous verrez aux portails de toutes nos
grandes eglises au XIIP siecle seront etudiees d'apres
le modele vivant et la draperie reelle.
Ces statues dont les plus celebres et les plus belles
sont celles des portails d' Amiens, en particulier le Beau
Dieu et le Saint-Firmin ; celles des portails de Reims et
des portails lateraux de Chartres peuvent parf ois riva-
liser avec les meilleurs modeles grecs.
Uevolution de la statuaire grecque et de la statuaire
f ran9aise est, du reste, tout-a-f ait la meme.
Dans la transition de Tart roman a I'art gothique au
milieu du XIP siecle nous trouvons, comme dans Tart
grec d'Egine, des figures maigres et longues aux yeux
allonges, au sourire hieratique, couvertes de vetements
gauf res de petits plis ; au temps de Saint-Louis comme a
Tcpoquc de Pericles, Tctude trcs savante de la forme se
rapproche beaucoup plus de la rcalite mais recherche les
types les plus nobles, les traits generaux, les simplifica-
tions synthctiques. Cest un art eminemment distin-
gue, mais il ne s'immobilise pas : depuis la fin du XIIP
siecle, il tombe dans la recherche du detail et dans le
manierisme; il prefere la grace a Tausteritc et ressemble
a la statuaire alexandrine. Enfin, depuis la fin du
283
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
XIV^ siecle, on tombe dans le naturalisme, dans la re-
cherche de I'expression non seulement vraie mais f ami-
Here et du type individuel ; les artistes reussissent dans
le portrait a Tcgal de cenx de Tcpoque romaine.
C'est de cette periode que datent les magnifiques fi-
gures du Puits de Moise. Ce gout du realisme et du
style familier n'est pas proprement frangais; c'est le
debut de ce style flamand que la peinture perpetuera
jusqu'au XVIIP siecle. A partir du XIV^ siecle, en
effet, la plupart des statuaires qui se rendirent celebres
en France furent des flamands: au debut de ce siecle,
c'est Jean Pepin de Huy, auteur des statues f uneraires
de Robert d' Artois ; et a la fin du meme siecle Jean de
Saint-Romain, le statuaire frangais de Charles V, a pour
emules a Paris et a Bourges le valenciennois Andre
Beauneveu et Jean de Cambrai, et a la cour de Bour-
gogne une legion de flamands dont les plus celebres
sont Melchior Broederlam, auteur du retable de la cha-
pelle ducale. Jean de Marville, qui travaille aussi a
Rouen, Jean le Moiturier, qui sculpte egalement en
Dauphine, coUaborent au portail de la chartreuse de
Dijon et aux tombeaux des dues; enfin Claus Sluter et
Claus de Werve, son neveu, sont les auteurs du Puits
de Moise.
Ce fut a la meme epoque que Tarchitecture gothique
f rangaise, lasse de travailler sur les memes themes em-
prunta de TAngleterre les elements de ce style de deca-
dence si riche et parf ois si gracieux qu'on nomme style
flamboyant, et un siecle plus tard, lorsqu'on sera lasse
aussi des outrances de ce style, on empruntera a un
284
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE :i
autre peuple etranger, aux italiens, ce renouveau des
formes antiques qu'on nomme la Renaissance.
Au XVP siccle comme au XIP, les f rangais surent
faire preuve d'un temperament personnel dans Timita-
tion de I'art classique, et egaler cependant la perfection
de leurs modeles. Je n'en veux pour preuve que cette
oeuvre magistrale des debuts de notre Renaissance qui
est le tombeau du due Francois II de Bretagne et de sa
femme, les parents de notre reine Anne de Bretagne,
sculpte par le plus grand des maitres f rangais du temps,
Michel Colombe. On Tadmire encore dans la cathe-
drale de Nantes et sa reproduction, qui est ici, me dis-
pense de le commenter.
Mais avant que d'aller chercher des inspirations chez
ses voisins, la France leur avait donne a tous des en-
seignements d'art. Son expansion au XIP et au XIIP
siecles avait ete, en effet, prodigieuse.
Au XIP siecle dcja, les moines de Cluny avaient
porte Tart roman du centre de la France dans tout le
nord de TEspagne et de ITtalie; leur rivaux et succes-
seurs, les moines de Citeaux, repandirent plus loin en-
core le style gothique. C'est eux qui Font fait penctrer
en Italic, a Fossanova, de 1197 a 1208, en Suede, a
Wamhem; dans File de Gotland, en Danemark; en
Portugal, a Alcobaga. Partout alors les maitres d^oeu-
vres de la France etaient appeles et ses principaux edi-
fices imites.
*
La cathedrale de Sienne fut conmiencee par des
moines de Citeaux dans le style de la Bourgogne. ;
En Allemagne, au XIIP siecle, une chronique nous
285 j
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
apprend que Tcglisc dc Wimpf en f ut batie a la mode de
France, opere francigeno^ par un maitre mande de Paris.
Pen apres, le maitre Gerard donna le plan de la ca-
thedrale de Cologne. S'il n'ctait frangais, il ctait eleve
de maitres fran^ais, car Tcdifice est une copie evidente
des cathedrales d' Amiens et de Beauvais. Une cathc-
drale quelque pen anterieure, celle de Bamberg, a des
clochers qui sont une copie flagrante de ceux de Laon,
et dans les statues de ses portails, le Dr. Weese a re-
connu I'imitation non moins evidente de la statuaire
de Reims.
En Danemark, la cathedrale de Roeskilde imite de
non moins pres I'ancienne cathedrale d' Arras.
En Suede, nous savons par une charte authentique
que le maitre parisien Etienne de Bonneuil f ut appele
en 1278 pour construire a Timitation de Notre Dame
de Paris la cathedrale encore existante.
En Hongrie, le maitre d'oeuvres picard Vilard de
Honnecourt nous apprend par les notes de son album
qu'il f ut appele pour batir des eglises vers le milieu du
XIIP siecle.
En Angleterre des la fin du XIP siecle maitre
Etienne de Sens est mande a Canterbury pour con-
struire la cathedrale a Timitation de celle de sa cite
natale.
En Espagne, la cathedrale de Tolede, oeuvre d*un
maitre Pierre, f ran^ais, et la cathedrale de Burgos sont
de trcs proches imitations de celle de Bourges ; celle de
Leon est du style champenois, avec un porche imite de
ceux de Chartres et une statuaire toute f rangaise.
286
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I
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Lc XI V^ sieclc continue ces traditions: en 1363, a la
cour d' Avignon, Tempereur Charles IV rencontre le
maitre Mathieu d' Arras et Temmene a Prague, con-
struire la cathedrale qu'il commence dans un style
avignonnais tandis qu'a Milan le parisien Pierre
Mignot execute la meilleure partie de la cathedrale
commencee jadis sur les plans de son compatriote
Bonaventure.
Mais en ce moment meme, la guerre de cent ans
ruinait la prosperite interieure et le prestige exterieur
de la France. EUe ne s'e'st relevee que beaucoup plus
tard, mais elle a repris ses traditions glorieuses : Hou-
don a laisse en Amerique plusieurs de ses plus belles
oeuvres; il est venu faire les portraits des heros de Tin-
dependance, Washington et Tamiral Paul Jones; des
artistes f ran^ais sont encore aujourd'hui vos botes.
Avant nos desastres du XV^ siecle, Tactivite artis-
tique de la France avait depasse les limites de TEu-
rope. Sans parler de ce maitre orf evre parisien, Pierre
Bourchier, que Tambassadeur de Saint-Louis trouva
travaillant a Canton en 1249 pour Tempereur de la
Chine, on sait qu'au XIP siecle deja le royaume de
Jerusalem etait une colonie surtout f ran^aise de popu-
lation, frangaise exclusivement d'art et de langage.
Plus tard, le royaume de Chypre, fonde en 1191, lui
survecut trois siecles, et c'etait une colonie si bien assi-
milee qu'en 1505 un pelerin normand pouvait ccrire
de ses habitants : 'lis sont aussi bons f ran9ais que nous
sonmies en France.*'
Dans cette merveilleuse ile, les monuments f rangais
287
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
dcs XIIP ct XIV* siecles, Ics cathedrales de Nicosic ct
de Famagouste, I'abbaye de Lapais, le chateau de Saint-
Hilarion ne different pas de ceux de la mere patrie et
ne leur cedent pas en beaute.
Quant aux grands chateaux des Croises de Syrie au
XIP et XIIP siecles, comme Margat et le Krak des
Chevaliers, ils sont aussi francs mais plus puissants
encore et plus majestueux que les chateaux de France.
Notre France du temps de Saint-Louis, Mesdames et
Messieurs, etait un pays encore jeune, plein de vigueur,
d'intelligence et d'activite feconde, et Ton peut sans
paradoxe le comparer a ce qu'est aujourd'hui TAme-
rique.
I i I Non seulement elle couvrait le monde de ses impor-
tations et conquerait des colonies, mais elle jouissait a
rinterieur d'une immense prosperite.
Uaffranchissement des communes y avait fait fleurir
des libertes et des autonomies que nous n'y connaitrons
plus; la Foi y imposait une discipline morale qui s'est
aussi perdue; et le developpement interieur du pays
n'etait pas moins etonnant que son expansion au
dehors ; partout s'ele vaient rapidement ces cathedrales
dont les clochers etaient les skyscrapers de ces temps-
la. En meme temps sur tout le territoire mais princi-
palement dans le midi, se batissaient des villes neuves
ou bastides. Leur plan etait souvent d'une rigoureuse
I symetrie; et souvent elles avaient pour marraines les
plus illustres des vieilles villes. Sous ce double rap-
port, elles rappellent ce qui se fit en Amerique plusieurs
siecles apres. Cordove, Valence, Vienne, Milan, Flo-
288
r
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
rence, Damiette, Boulogne, Toumai ont donne leurs
noms a diverses bastides du XIIP siecle; d'autres,
oomme Lalinde, Villeneuvc-la-Guyard, portent le nom
de leur fondateur; d'autres noms, conime Sauveterre ou
Villef ranche, expriment la securite ou la liberte ; d*au-
tres bastides se contentent de s'appeler Neuville.
Quant a la regularite des plans, ceux qui n'ont pas ete
defigures, comme a Montpazier (Dordogne) surpas-
sent en symetrie les plans de New York ou de Pitts-
burgh.
Dire que la France de Saint-Louis n'etait pas sans
analogic avec I'Amerique actuelle n'est done pas une
exageration, et nous pouvons nous reunir, Mesdames et
Messieurs, pour souhaiter que cette analogic devienne
plus complete. Dans les fondations interieures et dans
les colonies de la vieille France, je vous ai dit quelle
place Tart occupait, et de quelle valeur etait cet art.
L'Amerique comprend aujourd'hui la place importante
que doit occuper dans I'education Tart qui ennoblit la
vie. La bibliotheque et les musees de ITnstitut Car-
negie nous temoignent assez que tel est le sentiment
qui regne ici, et un peuple qui possede des statuaires
comme un French ou un Saint-Gaudens, des peintres
comme Stuart, des architectes comme Sullivan, pent
et doit ajouter a ses gloires toutes les splendeurs des
arts. [^Applause'j
*
1 1
289
DUNFERMLINE'S SON
BY
JAMES CURRIE MACBETH
PROVOST OP THB CITY OP DUNPEBMUNBy SCOTLAND
Mr. President^ Ladies and Gentlemen:
Sixteen miles as the crow flics to the northwest of
Edinburgh, looking from the Castle Rock, on a day
when the skies are clear, one can discern on the hillside
which slopes to the northern shores of the Firth of
] Forth, a provincial town, in birth a royal city, Scot-
I land's capital before Edinburgh was, which at once is
I * both the pride and envy of Scotland.
\ That city, Dunfermline, is not noted because of its
extent or population ; but it has a historical past which
is indissolubly linked with the Scotland of to-day.
There in the palace were born the kings of past cen-
turies ; there they ruled, died, and were buried ; there in
her venerable abbey they worshiped; there, in the
eleventh century, the saintly Queen Margaret, by pre-
cept and example, at Malcolm Canmore's Tower in
PittencrieflF Glen, taught her husband. King Malcolm
Canmore, as many another noble wife has in later days,
that moral worth and not physical force must ulti-
mately prevail, — that, to paraphrase an ancient Greek
author, well fortified is the city whose destinies are
290
^
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
guarded by a wall of noble and honorable men and not
merely by a wall of stone.
That Dunfermline was in the past the center of civil-
ization in Scotland is beyond question, and that it is
destined, thanks to the princely benefactions of its
loyal and generous son, Mr. Carnegie, to be a powerful
influence for good, not only in Scotland, but wherever
her sons may in years to come be located, admits of no
doubt.
There are in the lives of all of us, I know, unseen
powers, whose influence it is impossible for others, aye,
even for ourselves, to estimate. You, Mr. President,
and others here who have not had the privilege of being
bom in that royal city, can scarcely realize what Dun-
fermline is to its own children. Besides Mr. Carnegie,
there are here to-day some who, like myself, are native
bom. Let these visualize here and now the venerable
abbey, and from its belfry recall the tolling of the cur-
few bell at eventide, and say if they can do so without
emotion, without realizing, notwithstanding all that
there is to enthrall and allure in this wonderful modern
city of Pittsburgh, that there is, three thousand miles
away, a provincial city to which they are bound by ties
which can not be broken. My words, I fear, but feebly
convey my meaning. But, quoting from memory (and
he is present here who penned these words, and will for-
give me if I quote inaccurately), I can give you the
words of one who is not a mere provincial, as I am, but
who, while a native of Dunfermline, is a citizen of the
United States, — in truth, of many countries, because
291
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
his interests are world-wide. These are the word;
"What Benares is to the Hindu, what Mecca is to tt
Mohammedan, what Jerusalem is to the Christian, a
this and more Dunfermline is to me." The man wl:
wrote these words years ago is Mr. Carnegie.
For nearly twenty years I have been closely ident
fied with the civic life of Dunfermline. For four yea
I have had the honor and responsibility of being tl
head of the municipality, the Provost of the city. Ii
vested as I am to-day with these purple and ermit
robes and this chain of office, I stand here as the accrei
ited representative of the council and community <
Dunfermline. I value exceedingly the honor of bea
ing an address to the Board of Trustees of the Cameg
Institute of Pittsburgh on this memorable day in t]
history of your city.
What Dunfermline owes to Mr. Carnegie is not n
special province to deal with on this occasion. Bef oi
however, I present the address, you will perhaps fc
give me, Mr. President, if I acknowledge in a senten
what Pittsburgh, I am sure, and what Dunfermline,
know, owes to Mrs. Carnegie. Strong personality
Mr. Carnegie is, in whose lips Browning's words, "V
fall to rise, are baffled to fight better," are most a
posite, he would be the first to acknowledge that 1
wife's sweet and gracious personality has been a dor
nating influence in his life, a power behind the throi
I do not know how it is with you in the United Stat
but in Scotland the highest honor which a municipal
can confer is what is known as the "Freedom of t
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City." That honor has been jealously guarded in Mr,
Carnegie's native city. When I tell you that the only
living Freemen of Dunfermline are Lord Elgin, who is
chairman of the Scots Carnegie University Trust; Mr.
Carnegie himself; the Prime Minister of Great Britain
and Ireland, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, and the
chairman of the Carnegie Dunfermline Trust, Dr.
Ross, you will at once realize the truth of what I say.
To that list will shortly be added the name of one who
is honored and beloved for her own sake by all classes
of our community, Mrs. Carnegie. And hers will be the
unique honor of being the first woman to be presented
with the freedom of that royal city to which, I know,
she also is devotedly attached. And now it is my
privilege to present an address from the municipality
and community of Dunfermline, simple in its language,
yet an address which I believe will receive a place of
honor within these walls.
These are the words I bear to you to-day :
^o the Board of trustees of the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh:
We, the Provost, Magistrates and Councilors of the City of
Dunfennline, assembled in Council on the twenty-fifth day of
March, nineteen hundred and seven, desire to address you on the
occasion of the dedication of the new buildings about to be
added to the Institute.
The purpose of the Institute and the various objects of use-
fulness to which the buildings are devoted excite our liveliest
interest. We have no doubt the whole scheme has been carefully ,
and skilfully planned with a view to the promotion of the high-
est welfare of the people. We are aware that the services ren-
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dered by the Institute have already proved of the greatest va
to the inhabitants of Pittsburgh, while they have at the s^
time been instrumental in adding to the sum of human knowle
available to all mankind. We do not doubt that with the
quisition of the new buildings the usefulness of the Instl
will be greatly enhanced. It is a delight to us to hear that
inhabitants of Pittsburgh have given evidence of a warm
preciation of the blessings which the Institute is fitted to afi
and that all classes in your community, especially the yo
make use of the opportunities given for the increase of knowl
and for the culture of the mind.
You will, we feel sure, understand the special interest ^
the inhabitants of Dunfermline take in the dedication pro(
ings. The foimder of your Institute is a native of our city,
he has conferred priceless benefactions on the place of his I
while not neglecting the claims of the place where he has i
his business life. He has thus been the means of linking ]
burgh and Dunfermline happily together. Our constituent
joy the outcome of his liberality in schemes too numero
dwell on in this address, and we can not wish you better
that the gifts he has bestowed on you, and especially by i
of the Institute, may have the like beneficial effects as are
experienced by us.
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If ) one of your guests at the dedication ceremonials. We
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asked him to accept the invitation with our greatest gooc
It gives us great pleasure to commit this address to his k<
and to ask him to deliver it to you with our most friendly
ings.
Jas. Currie Macbeth, Pro\
Wm. Simpson, Town Clerk.
i > [seal]
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I To the care of yourself and your successors in
Mr. President, I commit the parchment, illumina
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our own city, containing these words of greeting and
congratulation, and I thank you all most cordially for
your generous and enthusiastic reception of the message
committed to my charge. [Applause^
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THE RELATIONSHIP OF PITTSBURGH
AND DUNFERMLINE
BY
DR. JOHN ROSS
As I appear among you as a stranger I feel bound to
address you in the usual language of conventional
courtesy as ladies and gentlemen, but I hope soon to
have your leave to abandon that language and to ad-
dress you as our good King Edward addresses his no-
bility as Right Trusty and Bight Well-beloved Cou-
sins.
I have come with my colleagues, Provost Macbeth
and Mr. Robertson, from Dunfermline in Scotland,
and we bring with us the greeting of all the inhabitants
of that ancient city. They desire us to assure you of
their warm interest in these proceedings, and of their
earnest desire that the Institute may be characterized
now and always as a source of blessing to all the in-
habitants of Pittsburgh. Personally, I have from its
earliest beginnings felt charmed by the mission of the
Institute. It has seemed to me a splendid bulwark
against the material spirit which might possibly have
inundated your city had it been wholly and uncontrol-
ledly given over to the great industries from which it
derives its fame throughout the world. Such industries
demand untiring energy and devotion and those who
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are engaged in them, either as employers or employed,
are in danger of forgetting the full import of life, and
to allow the urgent claims of the body to atrophy the
less clamant but higher claims of the mind. You have,
in this great building with its multifarious organiza-
tions, set up an effectual barrier against the undue en-
croachment of materialism, and it here stands as an
effective announcement that man shall not live by
bread alone, and also as an intimation of the submis-
sion into which science has brought all material forces.
Ladies and gentlemen, let me tell you why I think I
may address you as right trusty and right well-beloved
cousins. You know that the ground on which we stand
was 150 years ago in possession, but not in the peace-
ful possession, of the French. It was much coveted by
the settlers from Britain, and they were backed by the
military forces from that country. Your Franklin and
your Washington were young men at the time and
eagerly threw themselves into the fray. The king's
forces were equally eager and these were composed of
men largely from Scotland. Among the officers there
were Sir Peter Halket, who had the command of the
44th Regiment of Foot, and his son, James. This Sir
Peter was at the time the Provost of Dunfermline, our
first citizen, the predecessor in office of my companion.
Provost Macbeth, but he left the charge of our muni-
cipal affairs and his home, joined General Braddock,
and he and his son both fell in the unfortunate and
bloody battle which was fought near where we are as-
sembled. The next-door neighbor of Sir Peter Halket
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was Colonel John Forbes, the Laird of Pittencrieff, a
property the name of which I ask you to remember.
Nothing daunted by the fate of his neighbor, he, three
years afterward, assumed the command of another ex-
pedition to avenge the bloody misfortunes of Braddock
and to wrest this territory from the French. I have
been reminding our Provost of the diflFerent circum-
stances under which he and his predecessor have trav-
eled between Dunfermline and Pittsburgh and the dif-
ferent errands which brought them hither; one slowly
and painfully, with certain hardship and possible
death in view, — the other swiftly and luxuriously with
no prospect but of friendly greetings and the acquisi-
tion of increased vigor of body and mind; one on a
mission of death, the other of life, and yet, who can tell
how much the pleasures of the one are due to the pains
of the other- To return to my narrative, Forbes, by
i \ unparalleled exertions and with the assistance of
Washington, marched here and captured Fort Du
Quesne, from which the French had fled, and in com-
pliment to his friend, that great statesman, the first
Pitt, changed the name to Pittsburgh. Pitt, in thank-
ing Forbes for the compliment, well described Pitts-
burgh as being in the richest and most fertile part of
North America. Pitt in saying so had a certain amount
of prescience, but little did he know how literally true
were the words he was using. Forbes*s health was shat-
tered by his exertions, and six months later he died in
Philadelphia. Thus it was that Dunfermline's sons
won for your fathers and yourselves the territory on
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which we stand and gave the name to your city of which
you are so proud. Of this John Forbes I wish to say a
few further words. His early biography is recorded on 4-
a pane of glass in the attic of the Mansion House of *"
PittencriefF, a name which I have asked you to try and
remember. It was scratched, I have no doubt, by his
father, and runs "Jo. Forbes, merry little colt." It >
was this "merry little colt" who had such grim and
bloody work to do in founding Pittsburgh and giving
it a start in life. About eighty years subsequent to the
death of Forbes another "merry little colt" was bom in
a humble home near to the Mansion House of Pitten-
criefF, and he was christened as is attested in the bap-
tismal register "Andrew Carnegie." Shortly afterward
another was bom, named Thomas, and a third, a cousin \
of the last two, appeared about the same time and was
named George Lauder. In process of time, but while ^
they were still boys, all three left Dunfermline and set-
tled in this town. They did not bring with them im-
plements such as were carried by Colonel Forbes, but
they brought something more powerful — all of them
were provided with brains. I need not tell you how
their brains were exercised in the building up of this
city; you are Pittsburghers, and you know that to tell
the history of your town is largely to tell the history of
these three brainy boys. Especially so is this the case
as to that merry little colt, Andrew. Intrepid and in-
defatigable, and an untiring worker, he remained and
still remains, and long may he remain, the merry little
colt. While other men could let work kill them, he
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made fun of it and a source of health as well as of
wealth. And now, having reminded you how Dun-
f erailine has given you of her best blood and her best
brains, and how she has contributed to the founding,
the naming, and the upbuilding of your city, may I not
claim leave to let aside all conventional terms and af-
fectionately speak to you in the name of Dunfcrailine
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: cousins, you have not been ungrateful. We of Dun-
• : * fermline have not been mere givers of gifts to you.
>r You have returned them manifold. Especially has that
» I . ■ meny little colt, Andrew, rendered himself your in-
% strument in redeeming the blood of our Provost and his
/ ;' son and of his progenitor in the ownership of Pittcn-
crieff. He has sent many dollars from Pittsburgh to
Dunfermline, but not before passing over them the
magician's wand and spiritualizing the cold metal, into
warm life-blood. I cannot specify all the purposes to
which these dollars have been applied and will con-
tinue to be by means of a fund which is to provide a
constant stream from Pittsburgh to Dunfermline, dur-
ing many years to come. Suffice it to say that their 6b
ject is to create in Dunfermline an atmosphere o
sweetness and light, and the Provost, Mr. Robertso
and myself are officers of the Trust formed for tl
purpose. We do not, however, present ourselves to y^
as finished specimens of Sweetness and Light, h
rather as illustrative specimens of the difficulties <
co-trustees have to encounter in sweetening and
lightening the average man of Dunfermline. "Wli:
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wish more pointedly to say is that one asset of the
Trast is that estate of Pittencrieff in the Mansion
House of which the merry little colt, who afterward be-
came Colonel Forbes, was bom, and which was pur-
chased and presented to us in trust for the inhabitants
of Dunfermline by that other merry little colt, with
dollars earned in Pittsburgh. Cousins, Pittencrieff
was purchased with Pittsburgh dollars, but it will
never be sold again, — ^its price will forever be priceless.
It is a unique possession, lovely in all respects, and as
the home of King Malcolm Canmore and his sainted
queen, Margaret, it is enchanted ground to every <
Scotchman. Thus circles the whirligig of time, and
thus the blood and brains we gave for Pittsburgh are
being returned to us with interest manifold. Right \
trusty and right well-beloved cousins, let me tell you
that you all owe a duty to pay homage in Pittencrieff.
There we have the Tower of King Malcolm to which
he brought our patron saint. Queen Margaret, our pre-
cursor in the creation of Sweetness and Light. It was <
she who taught our king to read and our people to wor-
ship ; it was she who introduced the love of learning and
the love of truth; it was within a few paces of her tomb
where the hero of to-day's proceedings was cradled,
and it requires little imagination to see the close con-
nection between King Malcolm's Tower and the Car-
negie Institute. Right trusty and right well-beloved
cousins, let me repeat our affectionate greetings, let
me also enjoin on you to foster the alliance formed be-
tween us in blood and brains, by visiting your relatives
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in Dunfermline. If, on your arrival, you see no known
faces you will only have to give the password "Pitts-
burgh" and you will have a friend in every man and
woman you meet. Be sure to announce yourselves at
the office of the Carnegie Dunfermline Trustees. You
will be shown how we are continuing the sacred work
of our sainted Margaret, and how especially we are
caring for the bodies and minds of every child of the
community through many beneficent agencies, how we
are anxious that all of these children physically and
mentally should, when grown up, bear the Dunferm-
line mark of honor in uprightness of character and wis-
dom of conduct. We shall esteem your friendship, we
shall be stimulated by your criticism, and you and we
shall, on comparing the work of your Institute with the
work of our Trust, find that we are seeking the same
ends, the good of man and the glory of God. [-4/?-
plauseJi
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THE CONNECTION BETWEEN SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING
BY
SIR WILLIAM HENRY PREECE, K.C.B., F.R.S. S
■
The term Science implies knowledge of the facts and *
laws of Nature. Engineering is the practical applica- '
tion of these laws to the wants, safety, and comforts of *
man. ^
The broad divisions of science are well indicated by
the various departments of the Carnegie Institute of
Technology, while the similar subdivisions of engineer-
ing are shown by the numerous associations which exist
for the consideration of its well developed branches. ^
Matter is that which occupies space and possesses *
weight and inertia. Energy is that which is capable of '^
doing work upon matter: forcing it to move against ;
resistance. .'
The conservation of matter and of energy are the
two greatest generalizations of modern days, for they
imply that the quantity of each in the universe is fixed
for ever and that neither is capable of being created or
of being destroyed. Each can be changed only from
one form to another.
The doctrine of everlasting existence is proclaimed
by these great laws of nature.
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Wc have recently learned much of the structure and
mechanics of matter. The reign of the atom as the
minutest particle of matter has ceased. The corpuscle
or "electron," infinitely smaller, reigns in its place.
Radium and its disintegration, together with those re-
markable rays of Rontgen, which enable us to see our
own bones, add to our marvels.
Why did science lie smoldering for sixty centuries
ere Galileo and Newton defined the laws that deter-
mine the motion of matter, and that control the stately
march of the bright orbs of heaven? Why did it only
in the nineteenth century burst into a flame glowing
with greater brilliancy every year ? We now see the in-
visible, we hear the inaudible, we annihilate space, we
transmit the human voice across great continents, and
we render transparent the opaque. The dreams of the
philosopher, the visions of the poet are now the illustra-
tive facts of the professor.
The simple answer to the question is : it is the result
of the unshackling of the mind from the thraldom of
ignorance, and the freedom of intellectual intercourse
between all civilized people. Science now knows no
nationality; it is independent of language; it is the
property of the whole world.
What has led to this emancipation?
First. The cessation of Church domination led in
Great Britain by Wycliff and Wesley.
Secondly. The decay of the old abstract philosophy
which kept civilization in a fog for centuries and the
growth of modern, organized common sense.
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Thirdly. The freedom of speech and the right of
self-government.
Fourthly. The growth of education, a free press,
and pure literature.
The self-consciousness of man has been elevated
and he has learnt to observe, to think, to reason, and to
retain.
Thus political and mental freedom aided by clear
thought and true reason have unfolded nature's laws,
and the engineer has applied them to expedite trans-
port, to facilitate communication, to eliminate time and
to annihilate space.
The history of engineering did not lag so much as
that of science.
Tubal Cain, before the flood, was, according to the
authorized version, "an instructor of every artificer
in brass and iron,'' but according to the revised version,
"the forger of every cutting instrument of brass."
The ancient Egj^ptians over 5CXX) years ago, reared
the noble P)rramids that still tower above the Nile.
The seven wonders of the old world were :
1. The EgjTptian Pyramids at Gizeh.
2. The Mausoleum at Halicamassus.
3. The Temple of Diana at Ephesus.
4. The Walls and Gardens of Babylon.
5. The Colossus of Rhodes.
6. The Statue of Jupiter by Phidias.
7. The Pharos at Alexandria.
Five of these wonders appertain to engineering and
two to Art. The Pyramids alone remain, while rem-
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
nants of the Mausoleum and the Temple of Diana are
found in the British Museum.
Moses was the greatest sanitary engineer that the
world has ever known. Archimedes flourished before
the Christian era, and the works of the Romans are still
plentiful in Great Britain. The Parthenon of Athens
remains an object of wonder and delight. The track of
the conqueror in all ages and countries has been marked
by the construction of roads for the conveyance of food.
and the purposes of trade and commerce — the engineer
has always been in evidence.
No marked or great progress occurred until "Watt in-
troduced his steam engine in 1769 — which was not
matured until early in the nineteenth century — since
when textile works, steel, steamships, railways, tele-
graphs, telephones, photography, etc., have revolution-
ized the world — not in all cases for the better — auto-
cracy and armed forces still exist as menaces to the
weak and costliness to the strong. The engineer ha;
still to apply his knowledge of nature's laws to the de
struction of human life with the greatest rapidity, an
at the greatest distance. War still rumbles in tiie ai
though doubtless its amenities have been softened ai
its prevalence diminished by the handiwork of the «
gineer.
This is accomplished by facilitating rapid comm\
cation and thus checking misleading conclusions f"
imperfect information. The defects of language, i
reports and the errors of translation are ans\verabl<
half the political troubles of the world.
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On the other hand the engineer is a great benefactor
to his race, for he has facilitated and economized the
transport of raw material and of food supplies. In-
deed, the railroad and the steamship render famines
practically impossible. The recent so-called famine in
India was not due to the want of food, but to the want
of money to buy food. Many who died were too proud
to beg or too bigoted to accept aid from Christians.
They preferred to die rather than acknowledge their
distress.
No one can deny that the engineer has improved the
condition of life in the civilized world, the mean dura-
tion of life has increased, and David's limit has been
raised. In my own experience, we in London have re-
duced our death rate from twenty-four in a thousand to
seventeen. Even life itself is forced to help man.
The biologist finds the germ of disease in bacilli and
the engineer utilizes feeding bacteria to purify his
sewage. Thus life itself is made to minister to the ser-
vice of man. His works are tending much to hasten the
advent of peace on earth and of good-will among the
nations.
The engineer has become the necessity of the age.
Hitherto his education has been self-acquired. Inven-
tion will probably continue to be the result of indi-
vidual private inquiry, but the great majority of the
active workers in the field must be educated in their
science and trained in their art. This is the function
of technology. Technical education is that mode of
mental training which prepares the brain to assist the
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
hand. Craft — the art of doing — ^is vastly assisted by
the exercise of thought and judgment. The "reason-
why" of every tool and every operation is the science
of the industry. Thus technology is the application of
science to industrial processes.
Germany in very early days grasped the necessity for
technical education, and the United States very speed-
ily followed her example ; Great Britain is a bad third.
The fashion in Great Britain is to devote wealth to
hospitals, churches, public gardens, and art galleries.
It is difficult to get bequests for technology from pri-
vate individuals. This is especially the case in Lon-
don. There is great want of patriotism there. It is a
city of temporary rest, where all nationalities come,
flourish, and retire to their coimtries or to their towns
to enjoy their wealth. Those who are inclined to leave
money do so for the local wants of their native places
and not for the scene of their success. It is different ii
America. We are now taking part in the more commor
sense method.
Next to Watt, probably our most inventive engine
was Bessemer. Here in America counties and tow
are named after him. His name is scarcely known
England outside the iron and steel industries.
Pittsburgh it is a household word. We are only r
trying to perpetuate his name, by fitting up Memo
Metallurgical Laboratories in London, Siimingli
Newcastle, Sheffield, and other places. The resp
to our appeal has been disappointing. 'We liop
make the scheme international by establishing
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graduate scholarships in Metallurgy which shall be
changeable so that graduates of London shall go to
Pittsburgh for their practical course, and graduates of
Pittsburgh shall come to England or to one of the
British colonies for their practical training.
It is a bold idea and would speedily be realized if the
American spirit so fully developed by your Camegies,
Armours, and Rockefellers were the fashion at home.
At present we can boast of only one educational bene-
factor— Cecil Rhodes — but a handsome contribution
was bequeathed by Alfred Beit for technological pur-
poses in London. London as a whole comes off badly.
We have to be satisfied with a portion of the taxes on
whisky and beer, but even that source is on the down-
ward slope, owing to the very remarkable and satisfac-
tory growth of temperance.
I have come over here to learn a lesson from the ex-
ample of Pittsburgh, and I am anxious to see how you
have dealt with the relative values of buildings, equip-
ment, teachers, pensions of technological colleges.
Our experience in England is that too much inoney
is spent on buildings, too little on equipment, the en-
dowment for teachers is in all cases inadequate, and no
provision is made for the retirement of the teacher
when played out. The whole spirit and essence of a
school is to be found in the occupants of the chairs.
The professors must be kept in touch with their profes-
sion so as to be maintained in the advances that are so
rapidly occurring in all branches of engineering. They
must, therefore, be masters not only of the practical,
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
but of the scientific side also, and to induce them t
give their whole heart to the work they must see bef or
them the prospect of an adequate retirement allowance
The Civil Service of Great Britain is manned by th<
pick of the country. Able men are willing to act fo:
salaries that are paltry when compared with those giver
by private enterprise, but their promotion in the Civil
Service is sure, their pay is known, and they can retire
at sixty, and must retire at sixty-five, with a pension
two-thirds of their full pay if they have served forty
years, or a less sum if they have served a less number of
years ; the number of years of service being divided by
sixty to give the ratio. This inducement is a great
force in determining the selection of that service. We
want some such system in our education systems all
over the world to attract the men we want and the only
men who are competent to teach. The ideal teacher,
like a poet, is born, not made. He must have enthusi-
asm in his work and be able to enthuse those he teaches.
His selection is, therefore, a very responsible business,
and one requiring much tact.
I am also anxious to learn how you deal with fore-
men and workmen, apart from the usual class of gradu-
ates who are preparing for the positions of supervisors
and masters. The latter follow the regular curriculum,
which generally means a continuous four years' course,
but the former demand special treatment.
The chief function of the education they require is
not so much to impart up-to-date knowledge as to dis-
pel their acquired ignorance. The almost irrepressible
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dominion of evil seems to facilitate the retention of
ignorance. The great resistance to progress is the de-
termination to remain ignorant. I have found it most
beneficial to encourage in every form self-education,
and to place at the disposal of all inquisitive workmen
works of reference, apparatus for examination, experi-
ment and test. A fact 'acquired by experiment or ob-
servation makes a lasting and indelible impression on
the workman's mind. Evening classes in England are
for this reason a great success. Self-acquired know-
ledge of facts has a very beneficial influence, and lends
much pleasure to these meetings.
America, like Great Britain, owes much to the self-
educated enthusiast. The great iron industry of Penn-
sylvania, like that of Shropshire, owes much to Parker
of Coalbrookdale, who, with Rutter in 1720, built the
first furnace for making pig iron at a village which
they christened Coalbrookdale. There are several
places named after Parker, Parkersburgh, Parker's
Landing, etc.
We at home have a self-educated genius, Tom
Parker, of Wolverhampton, who commenced life as a
foundry boy in Walbrookdale. He revolutionized the
dynamo, invented the modem electrical production of
phosphorus, and has now extracted the smoke in-
gredients from coal and converted them into profitable
spirits, oils, and pitch.
Bituminous coal becomes "Coalite," a smokeless
steam fuel. He has thus developed an oil-spring on
the surface of the earth.
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The good old practice of apprenticeship for seven
years has virtually ceased in England. Boys came
from home to the bench and worked up to the top
round of their ladder. No finer mechanics could be
found in the world than the departed British mill-
wrights, but they have gone with the Tory and the
Whig. It was their only education, but they were the
builders of the trade of Great Britain. Schools and
colleges have superseded apprenticeship to the detri-
ment of craftsmanship, but to the advantage of mental
capacity, experienced management, and commercial
knowledge.
The industrious, thoughtful, judicious workman,
with true technical training and clearsightedness, has
his fortune in his hands and the world at his feet. The
student of to-day commences life with more scientific
knowledge than Watt, Stephenson, Fulton, or Eads
ever possessed. The world is his stage and his success
in it depends entirely on himself. The academical,
mathematical monist is an interesting fossil. The
scientific engineer is the great civilizer. He has con-
structed the swift floating palace. He has pierced the
Isthmus of Suez, and he will soon pierce that of Pan-
ama. His nerves of communication rest in the deep
unf athomed caves of ocean, or wend their undulating
flight among the gulls and albatrosses in the blue em-
pyrean.
We in England do not approve of degrees of en-
gineering being given by our Universities. They imply
experience which no university can give. The Insti-
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tution of Civil Engineers in Great Britain is alone in
that country competent to certify to the practical quali-
fication of a civil engineer. Admission to that body is
dependent on practice. Excellent systems of examina-
tion by papers and theses safeguard the qualiiication
of its members. Degrees of Science are of a different
class. They imply advanced education. We welcome
such degrees and allow them to waive preliminary ad-
missive examinations, but their possession does not
make an engineer. The diploma of membership of the
Institution of Civil Engineers is difficult to obtain, and
its possession is a standard of value.
It seems ungenerous to say one word in opposition,
but when we contemplate such disasters as the destruc-
tion of San Francisco, the blow-up of the Jena in Tou-
lon, the loss of the Berlin at the Hook of Holland, the
dreadful floods that have devastated Pittsburgh, we
must feel that, however much we engineers may boast
of our knowledge of nature's laws, we are impotent
when nature proclaims her power in the abrupt earth-
quake, the furious tempest, the irresistible cloudburst,
and the invisible operations of molecular energy.
It is something to have lived through the latter half
of the last century, and more to have taken part in the
pioneering of some of the great advances made. I was
bom when the rushlight was in use, where gas had not
penetrated; when the fowling-piece was fired by flint
and steel ; where steam railways were unknown ; where
the four-horse mail-coach brought the letters, and the
penny post had yet to come.
313
J
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
I have seen science, engineering and education grow
up with such rapidity that it is well-nigh impossible to
remember what has happened.
I am glad to have been able to visit America for the
fourth time and to see with my own eyes the giant
strides she is making, by the aid of her patriotic and
successful men of wealth, to solve the great question
of cementing the connection between science and en-
gineering. I am an old hand in technical education,
for I have been actively engaged in teaching, promot-
ing, and directing it since 1867, when I held the first
chair in Electrical Engineering in the Hartley College,
Southampton. I think this was the first of its kind in
Great Britain.
I congratulate Pittsburgh on having in their midst a
nature's gentleman who has solved the difficult ques-
tion, 'What can I do with my wealth so as to distribute
the greatest good to the greatest number?" {^Great
applause^
314
DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL
STYLE IN GERMANY
BY
E. VON IHNE
It is with great difBdence that I venture to lay before
you some views of my own on the modem development
of architecture in Germany, feeling that as it is not pos-
sible to give a comprehensive survey of the domain in
question I must be content to submit to you my con-
clusions without enabling you to judge whether they
are sufficiently supported by facts. I am encouraged,
however, by the belief that it may be of interest to hear
upon this subject the opinions, not of an art historian
but of an architect, who has himself passed through
some of the phases of modem architecture, and who has
felt the influences that have led to many of its changes.
Now the future of architecture as a fine art is in-
separably bound up with the vexed question of archi-
tectural style, and with regard to the development of
style a review of what the past century has produced
would not at the first glance seem to encourage a very
bright outlook for the future. There is no doubt that
much of the best artistic power of the nineteenth cen-
tury was wasted in fruitless search for a style in archi-
tecture and the industrial arts adapted to the age.
Though the great inventions of that century brought
315
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
about a more rapid and frequent interchange of
thought between nations than was ever possible before,
we have seen in our own time as a consequence of these
fruitless endeavors a greater diversity in the architec-
tural aspect of Europe than there was at the close of
the eighteenth century. No one country has been able
to establish an acknowledged supremacy in architec-
ture, as when France at the commencement of the
Gothic period, Italy during the Renaissance, and
France again in the eighteenth century, took the lead
and was more or less closely followed by the rest of
Europe; nor does any such supremacy seem to be in
prospect at present.
It seems strange indeed that a century which has
contributed more than any other in the world's history
to the advancement of science, and which has been so
fruitful in inventions that have inuneasurably in-
creased the wealth and power of mankind, should have
been stricken with barrenness in this one domain of
architectural inventiveness. We architects are accus-
tomed to be asked reproachfully why our age has pro-
duced no style of its own, as former periods have done,
and we are often told that our art has fallen from its
high estate and that the best among us have sunk to the
part of more or less conscientious copyists. In my
opinion this reproach is unjust, and the chaotic state of
modern architecture may be accounted for without as-
suming that our architects have been lacking in the
inventive qualities possessed in former times. The
unsatisfactory state of things in the nineteenth century
316
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
has been brought about by two causes. First, by the
destruction of an ancient society and an old accumula-
tion of wealth by the French Revolution and the Na-
poleonic Wars, and, secondly, by the sudden growth
of a new society and new wealth acquired for the
world by the introduction of steam-power and the in-
ventions which followed in the wake of this great
innovation bringing about a sudden demand after a
long standstill — a demand to which the artistic in-
ventiveness of no age would probably have been equal.
A great break in the development of art followed the
French Revolution and the resulting ruinous wars.
Both the population and the resources of European
countries were so reduced that building enterprise was
for a long time crippled, and the position of the privi-
leged classes was destroyed or greatly weakened.
The experienced and fastidious patrons of art being
no longer able to give employment, the standard of ex-
cellence in artistic work was necessarily lowered and
the number of artists and craftsmen was reduced cor-
responding to the lesser demand, so that a great amount
of technical and artistic skill acquired in the course of
many generations and handed down from father to son
and from master to pupil was lost to mankind.
For a considerable time the Greek revival, which had
been brought about by Stuart's work on Athens, pre-
vailed both in north and in south Germany, its most
famous representatives being Schinkel in Berlin and
Klenze in Munich, but during this period the trans-
formation of society was progressing, and when, after
317
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
the lapse of half a century wealth once more began to
be accumulated, it was in the hands of new men, and
the connection with the artistic past had been so com-
pletely severed that it seemed no more difficult or in-
appropriate to build in one historical style than in an-
other, and thus we see attempts in almost every style
from the Gothic to that of the Eighteenth Century fol-
lowing each other in a succession too rapid to allow of
architects or craftsmen acquiring any satisfactory de-
gree of proficiency. Perhaps the impartiality with
which different styles were regarded during the lattei
half of the century was partly due, especially in Ger-
many, to the influence of the newly founded schools oi
architecture, and to the scientifically impartial treat
ment of different periods by art historians. However
in spite of its architectural errors and shortcomings, f o
which the course of historical events must be mad
responsible, it would be a mistake to suppose that dui
ing the nineteenth century there was no progress i
architectural style.
Within the last twenty years the study of style l
architects has been very much more profound than w;
the case with former eclectic masters, and the ski
of craftsmen and their knowledge of ancient metho
of workmanship has been wonderfully perfectc
Great influence has been exercised by Semper's book
Style in the Technical Arts, and by his own work a
example.
But, above all, general interest in architecture 1
been awakened, and the artistic education of the pul
318
1
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
has been much advanced by the study of art collections
and by travel. It is well to remember that art is not pro-
duced by the artist alone, but that the public has a large
share in artistic progress, and that the quality of the
architect's work must greatly depend on the artistic
judgment and appreciation of his client. As it was the
ruin of the more cultivated and artistically apprecia-
tive classes that brought about the decline of art in the
first half of the nineteenth century, it has also been the
gradual ripening of the public judgment that has pro-
duced a marked progress in our own time. One may
say that during the nineteenth century a competition
of styles has been carried on in Europe, a most costly
competition, in which, not drawings and models, but
real buildings were submitted to the public. This com-
petition has not yet come to a close, but many of the
styles that have competed may be said to have been
thrown out, so that the choice seems now to be fortu-
nately limited to few. Speaking of my own country,
I may say that in bringing about this result the prac-
tical conmion sense of the public has been chiefly in-
strumental. There was a time when Grothic competed
on equal terms with the style derived from classical
architecture, but the domain of Gothic seems now to
be limited to ecclesiastical art where ancient forms do
not clash with modem requirements, and even here it
seems doubtful whether Gothic will long retain its
predominance with us, at any rate, for Protestant
churches. The classical architecture derived from the
temples of ancient Greece represented the admirable
319
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
and refined solution of comparatively simple architec
tural problems in a southern clime. But this architec
ture which was practised in Berlin and Munich fo
nearly two thirds of the nineteenth century was even
tually found to be not sufficiently adaptable to th
needs of our time without losing its best and most chai
acteristic qualities.
Travels in Italy, which were long considered to b
the most essential part of a modem architect's artisti
education, had led to great admiration for the Italiai
especially the Florentine Renaissance of the fif teeni
and sixteenth centuries, but it was ultimately felt I
a majority of architects that the Italian masterpiec
most admired owed their most characteristic qualitic
especially the bold and happy contrasts of wall ai
windows, to conditions of life and climate that are n
to be found in our country.
After the establishment of Grerman unity the st]
of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in Gi
many was taken up with great enthusiasm, first
Munich and south Grermany, and then by the north,
the hope of developing a peculiarly national style
architecture. In its application, however, the Genr
Renaissance presented the same difficulties as the els
ical style, though in a lesser degree. Low stor:
small windows, high-pitched roofs over narrow bui
ings, cramped and inconvenient staircases are chai
teristic of the period, and when these character!
features were removed by improvement, the buildi
thus modified acquired a general aspect very much
320
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
proaching eighteenth century work, from which they
remained distinguished chiefly by moldings and by
ornament. Thus it happened that many architects of
note gradually drifted into the style of the early
eighteenth century, and it came to be widely under-
stood that our forefathers had already done much of
the work which we should have to do in adapting the
German Renaissance to our wants, especially with re-
gard to the ample provision of light and air; but not
less in enlarging the scale of architecture, which dur-
ing the medieval and the Renaissance period had been
greatly dependent on the narrow streets and small
open spaces of our ancient walled cities. Especially
within the last ten years has there been a decided move
in this direction.
In Munich many of the works of Thieroch, Seidel,
Hocheder, the later works of Hof man, the City Archi-
tect of Berlin, of Messel and of Kayser and von Gross-
heim, as well as my own buildings, may be quoted as
being based on this period of historical architecture.
At the same time there is a decidedly increasing lean-
ing toward simplicity, and a tendency to avoid mean-
ingless decoration and superfluous ornament, which
correspond to a growing fastidiousness of taste in the
educated classes. If these lines are followed for a con-
siderable time, which I think will be the case, and, if
architects continue to aim at change only in the interest
of progress and not for the sake of novelty, it may be
hoped that a style suitable for and peculiar to our time,
though not necessarily surprisingly novel, may be de-
321
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
veloped as from the fifteenth century to the eighteent
one style was evolved out of another, in the same mar
ner in which modem languages have been constant!
changing even since the period of what is termed the!
classical literature. But there is a group of moder
architects chiefly in Germany, in Belgium, in Austrii
and of late years also in Italy, to whom this system c
evolution seems too slow, and who have been strivin
voluntarily to create or to force a new style. T\x
means are employed for this purpose. Ancient el
ments of architecture are to be given up as too rigi
to admit of progress and an entirely new system <
ornament is to be introduced. Now I object to bo
these methods. I can not bring myself to believe th:
one generation or even one century will be able to i
vent a substitute for the orders of architecture, whi(
have been modified and perfected through so mai
ages, though, of course, they may be capable of st
further modifications; and though I believe that nc
life may be instilled into ornament by the introducti<
of new subject-matter, I do not think that a system
ornament of such meager invention and such barbai
crudeness as is presented by the innovators, can for ai
length of time satisfy the cravings of the mind whi
sees in ornament one of the essential elements of arc]
tectural beauty. I feel sure, however, that among t
advocates of this new style, or "Jugendstil," there s
many architects of considerable talent, though of m
taken aims, among a host of ungif ted imitators, who s
working only for sensational efFect, and I hope and 1
3^2
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
lieve that the former will gradually throw off many of
their eccentricities and become less radical in their wish
for novelty at any price.
Now, apart from architectural detail and from orna-
ment, the work of the new art group most frequently
shows more resemblance to the work of the eighteenth
century, which is everywhere gaining ground, than to
any other historical period, and there is, therefore, a
probability that the different currents of modern archi-
tecture in my country will eventually unite in one com-
mon channel.
In Prussia where the greatest patron of architecture
is the State, the style of public buildings has been much
influenced and will I hope continue to be influenced in
the same direction by the great interest which our Em-
peror takes in architecture. Though his Majesty has
so much understanding and love for earlier styles that
he has caused the Gothic castle of Hoh-Konigsburg
in Alsace to be restored by Ebhard in a most conscien-
tious and scholarly manner, he has early discerned that
for the healthy development of style it is most essen-
tial that the efforts of architects should be as much as
possible concentrated toward the same aim.
It is in fact through such concentration of effort, sup-
ported by stability of taste in the building public, that
the styles of the past were formed. In Berlin the style
of the commencement of the eighteenth century repre-
sents with us the period of the foundation of the Prus-
sian monarchy, and the adoption of this style as a start-
ing-point for our modem architecture connects the
3^3
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
present with our most glorious architectural period,
that of our greatest architect, Schliiter, and thus may
contribute to give the city a unity of style which has
long been, alas, conspicuously absent.
At the commencement of his reign his Majesty de-
cided that the buildings to be newly erected in Berlin
for the Crown and for the State should be designed in
a style harmonizing with the noble architecture of the
Royal Palace and of the Arsenal. Among the first
were works of my own — the new Throne Room in the
Palace (der Weisse Saal), the Royal stables (Mar-
stall) and the Museum for Painting and Sculpture
called Kaiser Friedrich Museum, in memory of our be-
loved Emperor Frederick. The new cathedral for Ber-
lin was built by Raschdorff in a classical style from
designs which had already been submitted to the Em-
peror Frederick, and to which our emperor considered
it a filial duty to adhere. At present his Majesty is
following with the keenest artistic interest the work at
our new State Library, which I am myself building,
and which will be one of the most important in the
world.
Not only the designs for these buildings, but all those
of great importance for all departments of the State, are
now regularly submitted for his Majesty's approval,
and are influenced by his wishes. Continuity of effort I
believe to be the principal condition of progress in
architecture, and I consider my country to be most par-
ticularly fortunate in possessing at this critical period a
far-seeing patron of art so powerful as to insure steadi-
324
i
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
ness of purpose so far as monumental architecture is
concerned. It is therefore a hopeful view which I take
of the future development of German architecture, and
there can be no doubt that in Germany the misfortunes
which caused artistic decline in the nineteenth century
had a more disastrous effect than in any other country,
for none had suflFered so severely from the great Euro-
pean wars. In England and France political unity has
brought about greater artistic unity. Still, so far as I am
able to judge, the development of style in both coun-
tries has been following lines almost parallel to our
own, the result of a century's trial given to different
styles being a decided leaning toward the classical
architecture of the eighteenth century, based as with
us on a more complete understanding of that style, and
therefore on a greater mastery with the possibility of
greater freedom of treatment than ever nineteenth
century architects attained when attempting to work
in the style of a former period.
I may sum up my argument by saying that in my
opinion there has been in the history of architecture a
progressive though sometimes interrupted develop-
ment of style as an expression of the architectural re-
quirements of society from the fifteenth century up to
the nineteenth, and that in order to progress still fur-
ther we must start from the advanced point which had
been reached before the continuity of progress was
interrupted. Yet, if we would not stand still, we must
constantly work at the adaptation of old means to new
wants which have arisen and are arising in our time.
325
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
In domestic architecture much has been done in this re-
spect, especially in England, and of late years in Ger-
many. But in no country is progress more likely to be
brought about in this manner than in the United States,
where architects have already shown themselves well
able to grapple with new architectural problems aris-
ing from new requirements, as in your admirable li-
braries, or from new methods of construction, as in
your giant conunercial buildings ; and where the oppor-
tunities offered to architects are more frequent and the
means at their disposal greater than in any other coun-
try or age. The advancement of art has always been
promoted by the peaceful rivalry of nations, and I
therefore feel sure that the art of European countries
can only gain by our finding, as we certainly shall, in
the United States of America, a competitor as formi-
dable in the domain of art as in commerce and in in-
dustry. [Applause]
326
THE SOLUTION OF A GREAT
SCIENTIFIC DIFFICULTY
BT
SIR ROBERT S. BALL
A HIGH honor has been paid to me by the committee of
the Carnegie Institute. The request has been made
that I shall take a part in the interesting ceremonies in
which we have been engaged this week. In response to
this request I am here to give a brief address on a sub-
ject which has recently engaged very much attention.
It relates to the removal of a great scientific diflBculty.
The difficulty may be succinctly stated as follows :
A study of terrestrial phenomena shows that the an-
tiquity of the sun appears to be very much greater than
would be compatible with the supposition that its heat
was derived only from contraction on the principles of
Helmholtz.
We shall first consider how far the theory of Helm-
holtz affords an adequate explanation of the suste-
nance of the solar heat. The theory of Helmholtz sug-
gests that the heat of the sun is continually replenished
by its contraction. I need not go into the details of the
experimental investigation of the present amount of
solar radiation ; suffice it to say, that, according to the
determination of Schciner, which is apparently the
327
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
best attainable result, we may make the following
statement : —
At a point in open space distant from the sun by the
earth's mean distance, one square foot exposed per-
pendicularly to the solar radiation would receive in
one minute enough solar heat to raise one pound of
water 14* Fahrenheit.
The unit of heat we employ in these investigations
is the quantity of heat which would be given out in the
combustion of a globe of ordinary coal as heavy as the
sun. We assume that this coal is supplied with suffi-
cient oxygen for perfect combustion. To sustain the
radiation of the sun at its present rate by the combus-
tion of coal, a quantity of coal would have to be con-
sumed which would correspond to one unit every 2800
years. We are, therefore, to remember that a globe of
coal as heavy as the sun, if burned continuously and
uniformly, so that it should be all reduced to ashes in
2800 years, would, during that time, give out just as
much heat as the sun, radiating at its present rate,
would give in the same time.
This statement at least demonstrates that combus-
tion cannot be the cause of the sustenance of solar heat.
We know that the sun has been shining as warmly and
brightly as it does at present for many thousands or
millions of years. As 2800 years would be the utmost
limit to the time during which a sun which depended
only on combustion of ordinary fuel could give out
heat, we must look to some agent much more powerful
than combustion for the sustenance of solar heat.
328
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
For the purpose of our illustration we shall suppose
that a pound weight of the sun was to be dragged to
infinity against the attraction of the sun. This attrac-
tion is very considerable. A pound weight on the sur-
face of the sun would weigh about twenty-six times
as much as a pound does on the surface of the earth. A
pound weight on a spring balance would, of course, on
the earth be indicated as one pound. If, however,
weight and balance were straightway carried to the
sun, the balance would then show twenty-six pounds,
though there was no alteration in the mass it carried.
To move this body a foot from the sun would therefore
require twenty-six foot-pounds of work, and to move
it two feet would require fif ty^two units of work. The
task of pulling the pound weight away to infinity
would be an onerous one. The attraction of the sun
would not appreciably diminish for miles and thou-
sands of miles, but at last it would be found that the
weight instead of being twenty-six pounds was only
twenty-five pounds, and then twenty-four pounds, and
as the body got further away from the sun's surface the
attraction would lessen continually, when the body
was distant from the sun's center about five times the
sun's radius, the apparent weight would be reduced to
about one pound; when it was distant ten times the
sun's radius the apparent weight would be reduced to a
quarter of a pound ; and in like manner the force neces-
sary to drag the weight away from the sun would grad-
ually lessen until it at last became imperceptible.
The quantity of energy thus employed in pulling
329
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
the body away from the sun can be expressed as a cer-
tain number of foot-pounds. We might imagine the
work to be done by a steam-engine, in which case a cer-
tain quantity of fuel would have to be consumed. We
can thus conceive that the energy of a certain amount
of coal would be measured by its capability for the
task of removing a pound weight from the surface of
the sun and taking it off to infinity.
The following is the method by which we can ascer-
tain what that amount of coal would be. We know
the speed that would be acquired by an object let fall
from infinity and traveling direct to the sun. This is
much the same speed as that which a comet would ac-
quire when, in being drawn in from an indefinitely
great distance, it wheeled round the sun, grazing the
sun, though not exactly falling into it. The speed
ultimately attained by the comet is about 390 miles a
second. This will give a sufficiently close determina-
tion of the speed with which the pound weight, if let
fall from infinity, would arrive at the sun's surface. It
is an elementary principle of dynamics that the energy
which the stone would have when it reached the sun's
surface would be precisely equal to all the work that
was required in dragging it away therefrom. If, there-
fore, we can find the energy with which the stone would
return to the surface of the sun, we have the measure of
the energy that would be necessary to withdraw it to
infinity.
We know that a stone, or any other object which
travels at the rate of five miles a second, will possess in
330
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
virtue of that velocity an energy equal to that which is
produced by the combustion of an equal weight of coal.
We also know that the energy is proportional to the
square of the velocity, so that a stone which falls with
a velocity of 390 miles a second, and which has sev-
enty-eight times the velocity which we have just con-
sidered, will have in virtue of that velocity as much
energy as could be produced by the combustion of 60CX)
pounds of coal. Here, then, we have an indication of
the quantity of potential energy possessed by the sun
when its materials were in a widely expanded nebula.
To restore the sun to its original condition of a nebula
at an extremely great distance would require for each
pound of solar matter as much energy as would be
yielded by the combustion of tons of coal. Hence, we
need not feel surprised at the statement that in the
process of its contraction from infinity to its present
bulk the sun has yielded 3400 times as much heat as
could be produced by the combustion of a globe of coal
the same weight as the sun. This figure, 3400, is no
doubt not exactly that which was deduced from the
actual illustration, but it is the correct result after
various points now overlooked have been attended to.
Our first consideration at such a statement is one of
amazement. It is truly astonishing that a mere redis-
tribution of the materials of the sun into the form of
a very diffuse nebula should absorb so much heat. In
this we have taken no account of the temperature of the
sun. That is obviously of trifling moment in considera-
tion of the solar heat assets. The sun could be warmed
331
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
from the cold of absolute space up to its present tem-
perature by the combustion of a quantity of coal which
would probably be far less than its present weight, so
that a single one of the coal units would be more than
sufficient to account for the temperature of the sun, if
that was all that was involved. What we have now
seen is that literally thousands of these units are con-
cerned when we are estimating the quantity of heat
given out in the course of the contraction from the
nebula.
We have seen that one of our coal units will supply
the sun's heat for 2800 years. We have also seen that
the whole amount of contraction will produce 3400
coal units. If we multiply them together we get the
disappointingly small product, 9,520,000. This tells
us that if Helmholtz's theory of the source of the sun's
heat were true, the sun cannot have gone on radiating
with its present intensity for as long, let us say, as ten
million years. This result is distinctly disconcerting
to one who expects to find in Helmholtz's theory an
adequate explanation of the sustentation of sun-heat.
Even making every allowance for errors, we must con-
clude that if these figures are correct the sun's radia-
tion could not have warmed the earth for such im-
mensely greater periods of time as those which are de-
manded by the undoubted evidence of geology, as is so
ably shown in Professor Patterson's most valuable
work.
Compare also the figures which resulted from Pro-
fessor John Joly's investigation of the antiquity of the
33^
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
earth as deduced from the salt of the sea. He showed
that a period of nearly a hundred million years would
be necessary for the transformation of the sea from
fresh-water to salt-water. Now this period is ten times
as long as the total period during which the sim could
have been shining, if the Helmholtzian view were cor-
rect.
The difficulty which has here been stated can be re-
moved only in one way. There must be some source of
energy in the sun beside that arising from contraction^
and, indeed, much larger than that due to contraction.
Until this main source of energy can be pointed out the
physics of the solar system lie under reproach.
Happily, we now see a way out of the difficulty.
The discoveries of corpuscular motion by Professor J.
J. Thomson have revealed to us movements of matter
with velocities enormously transcending those with
which astronomy has made us acquainted. Dr. W. £.
Wilson has pointed out how a very small percentage of
radium in the sun would account for the sustentation
of its heat, and the Hon. R. Strutt has shown how the
minute quantity of radium in the granites of the earth
would enormously slow down its rate of cooling. The
terrestrial indications of actual matter moving with the
velocity of light have been paralleled and illustrated
in a striking manner by the astronomical fact that the
nebula in Nova Persei seemed also animated with a
velocity of the same order.
That the nebula from which the solar system orig-
inated contained particles moving with velocities 500
333
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
times as great as that of the swiftest comet, will now
be admitted. That an enomious supply of energy
would be provided by even a very small quantity of
matter so moving must be admitted. It is to be remem-
bered that a mass of one pound moving with the ve-
locity of light would possess in virtue of that velocity
as much energy as could be produced by the combustion
of half a million tons of coal.
Thus the discovery of radium and of the wonderful
phenomena associated therewith, has provided an
escape from one of the gravest difficulties in science.
[Applause']
334
THE GERMAN MILITARY
CONSTITUTION
BY
HIS EXCELLENCY LIEUTENANT-GENERAL
ALFRED VON LOEWENFELD
Mr. President^ Gentlemen of the Board of ^rustees^
Ladies and Gentlemen:
In the first list of the invited guests which was kindly
sent to us by the Board of Trustees was written under
my name, "The only soldier/' I am sure many of the
illustrious participators in to-day's ceremony will have
thought in reading this remark, "Is Saul also among
the prophets?" and will have taken it as a new proof of
the empire of militarism in Germany. I also may reply,
"Mars Musis Amicus," for an officer, like every other
well educated man, must be well informed in the pro-
gress of matters of science and literature. An officer,
who has the real conception of the task which human
destiny has imposed upon him, will always be conscious
that he ought to be, not only a drill-master and a teacher
of military specialties, but that he also has the noble
duty of leading his subordinates in the direction of cul-
ture and civilization.
From this point of view, I hope you will pardon me
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
if in this assembly of representatives of science, art, and
literature, I dare utter some few words about Ger-
many's Military Constitution, as it is possible there
might be some misunderstanding about this matter.
We shall see that this military constitution is not the
product of accidental caprice, but on the contrary, truly
reflects the indigenous character of the nation. By re-
stricting one's self to reading the daily and periodical
press it becomes difficult to get a correct insight into our
military life. They who form their opinions only from
such articles and compare them with the caricatures of
the comic papers, and only visit the big towns and
princely residences of the Fatherland, will probably
come to the conclusion that the whole of Germany is
little more than barracks, and they will have a horror of
walking in the streets where it might be difficult to
avoid a disagreeable meeting with the extravagances
and haughtiness of young officers armed with quizzing-
glasses.
Of course no reasonable man will deny that in such
an immense organization as our army, here and there
may be found some singularities, and we would natu-
rally deeply regret if these laughable trivialities were
not slashed up by cunning humorists and witty carica-
turists.
It is not possible to judge a nation, her whole doings,
and all her exertions in the competitions of the world,
without studying her history. Therefore nobody can
understand the essence of German military constitu-
tions if he does not try to find out the reasons, and how
336
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Germany was obliged by circumstances to organize the
national defense as it now is.
Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, had obtained
the position of his kingdom against his powerful neigh-
bors by the same sort of weapons they used against
him. That is to say, he found no other expedient than
to form and support an army of enlisted men gathered
wherever his recruiting officers could get them. The
more foreigners that could be enlisted, the better for
his own kingdom; for every man not a Prussian who
entered the Prussian army made it possible for a child
of the country to remain at home working at his fireside.
Prussia being at that time rather thinly populated, it is
clear that this system was considered a real benefit for
its development.
But if we look on the reverse side of the medal we
see that by this system the Prussian people acquired the
feeling that all affairs of war were the business of the
sovereign only. The army was looked upon as an in-
strument in the hands of the king. He had to pay for it
as you have to pay for any instrument you use. Pe-
rusing the private letters of that time, written while
warlike preparations were going on between armies,
we are struck with the indifference we find on every
page in regard to events upon which the existence of
the whole kingdom was depending. This system of
an enlisted army was kept up until the beginning of
the last century. The army and the leading officers,
resting on the laurels won by the preceding generation,
were not able to stand the shock of an attack led by the
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
genius of a Napoleon. Prussia had to undergo in those
sad days of October, 1806, a calamity than which a
severer one can not be imagined.
But not only was something rotten in the state of
Prussia at that time, but both the government and all
classes of the nation had forgotten their duties and
were not accustomed to regard gigantic events from a
high point of view. I suppose it will not be possible to
describe the political apprehension of the whole period
better than by the following example.
When the news of the terrible defeat of Jena arrived
at Berlin the governor published this placard: ''The
King has lost a battle. Now, the first duty of every
citizen is to be quiet.'' How mistaken the governor
was ! Not only the king had lost a battle, but the whole
nation was defeated in the lost engagement in Thur-
ingia. It was not inaction that had to be the first task
of everybody; on the contrary, every man, from the
lowest to the highest, had at this moment to do all he
could to assist the general struggle for the reconstruc-
tion of the destroyed commonwealth. The peace of
Tilsit, which closed the unfortunate campaign of 1806,
compelled Prussia to relinquish half of her territory
and only allowed her to keep in arms quite a small mili-
tary power. This time of deepest humiliation, when
the poor and tormented people had yet to feed a whole
foreign army quartered in their own country, com-
pelled the leading spirits to investigate the real causes
of this unexpected disaster. The truth gradually
dawned upon them that the real reason for a lasting
338
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
success in war does not depend upon the number of the
fighting men or upon the efficiency of the weapons, but
upon the superiority of the entire moral qualities of the
warring nations. This truth once recognized, a strug-
gle to find the right organization began, not only for
the armed forces but also for the whole of the public
service. How these ideas took form, how truly they
were carried out, is shown by the effects they had.
From this period of sincere but silent work, we date the
foundation of our total modern legislation, covering
among other things the self-government of cities, and
last, but not least, the founding of the Berlin Univer-
sity. The king himself gave for this purpose one of his
own palaces. In this building the university is still
at work, and in these halls during the last two winters
the German students had the honor and the enviable
privilege of attending the lectures of such far-sighted
and enlightened scholars as the American professors,
Mr. Peabody and Mr. Burgess.
In order to bring about a new organization of the
army King Frederick William III had the talent and
the good fortune to choose a commission of men who
clearly understood the necessities of the army as well as
political economy. The leading genius of this commis-
sion was General Schamhorst, a son of a simple Han-
overian farmer. His proposals were adopted and the
principles he instituted are still — one hundred years
later — dominant in our whole present military organ-
ization.
The ruling idea of Scharnhorst was, that, instead of
339
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
putting in the ranks only enlisted recruits, every citi-
zen able to carry arms should be obliged to participate
in defending his native soil. We ask, where did
Scharnhorst find his ideas ? Had he taken them from
ancient Rome at the time of the republic when the
Roman citizen was hauled from the plow to march di-
rectly against the invading Carthaginians ? It was not
necessary to dive so deeply into classic antiquity.
George Washington had shown to the astonished
world but a few years before that simple militiamen
were able to challenge the best drilled and equipped
regular troops if the militia had only time enough to
practise before going into the campaign. This system
proposed by Scharnhorst and adopted by the necessity
of a bitter political situation, stood the severe test in
the following decisive wars of 1813-15.
By Scharnhorst's method little Prussia was at that
time enabled to equip armies, which, proportionately,
have never been numerically surpassed by any nation.
Sixty years later, when our empire united the different
branches of the German tree, Schamhorst's method was
embraced by the whole of Germany.
The principal idea, as I have already said, is that
every young man has personally to do his best to de-
fend the Fatherland, and that no influence, either of
fortune or of erudition, may excuse him, if he be fit,
from this gallant task. So we find the son of the mil-
lionaire standing in the same rank, side by side with the
shepherd, both wearing the same uniform, and al-
though coming from such different stations in life, yet
340
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
making in their external appearance a similar impres-
sion. The young soldier, marching for months in the
same rank with comrades of all social classes, naturally
gets an idea of the feelings of men bom in quite a dif-
ferent cradle. The regiments being garrisoned in
towns, the country recruit gets an impression of town
life and his horizon is enlarged. On the other hand,
when in the big manoeuvers the troops cross a province
from one comer to the other, and are billeted in
small places or villages, the town recruit is able to
study the advantages and disadvantages of agrarian
life. In their whole future most of them will never
find such a favorable opportunity of coming together in
such close contact with people in other conditions in
society.
In regard to the general standard of scientific educa-
tion, Scharnhorst's system has produced an effectual in-
fluence. As you know, every child is compelled by our
government to go to school from his sixth to his four-
teenth year. After that time his education is no longer
compulsory. When the recruits are distributed in
autumn to the different regiments the first thing re-
quired is that every young soldier shall write his own
biography without any help. From the published
statistics based on the summaries of this examination
we are able to see what percentage the enrolled men
of every district have retained of what they learned in
their school-days.
The result of these publications is bringing about,
of course, a great emulation between the different prov-
341
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
inces. No district likes to be named as a home of
ignorance. Not to disturb the studious young men in
their educational career, such young men are required
to remain only one year with the colors instead of two
or three. But in order to get this permission it is indis-
pensable to prove possession of a certain degree of
knowledge. This can be evidenced either by a special
examination or by a certificate which the young man
must get before presenting himself to the military en-
rolling commission which is to decide whether he be
fit or not. I am sure that you will agree with me that
the ambition to get this one-year certificate is a great
stimulus for the majority of young men. For I am
sorry to say that many of them would not, were it not
for this examination, voluntarily remain in school
merely from a desire to learn.
I hope I have depicted plainly enough that our mili-
tary constitution is founded upon a democratic basis.
Should a war break out, every one will have a dear
relation or friend who must hasten to arms. I think
such a constitution must consequently have an im-
mensely peaceful influence upon the policy of the gov-
ernment. Our army in time of war is nothing more than
an army of citizens. Thanks to this present military
constitution, it will never happen again that a foreign
government will be able to hire German regiments, as
was unfortunately the case during your War of Inde-
pendence with the poor Hessian and Brunswick mer-
cenaries.
You may say that it is to be regretted on the whole
34^
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
•
that wc should have to support an enormous army. But
the necessity for it will remain until the efforts for gen-
eral disarmament have succeeded. Germany, lying in
the center of Europe, must not be less prepared for an
armed decision than her neighbors.
I fear Polonius would say to my modest address:
"This is too long." But it was my intention to show also
that the striking thought which Andrew Carnegie has
so graphically portrayed respecting the development of
a man's character can also be applied to the develop-
ment of a great nation. Happy the man who can look
back with satisfaction to a hard and struggling youth.
It was a great blessing for America, as well as for Ger-
many, that both of them had in their years of political
foundation to pass through such a series of long and
bitter troubles. [Great applause]
343
THE MISSION OF AN ART MUSEUM
BT
LEONCE BENEDITE
Le Musee de Luxembourg, qui a rhonneur et la joie
d'etre votre bote en la personne de son representant au-
torise, est la plus vieille galerie du monde. II est beu-
reux de venir porter son salut f ratemel et ses voeux de
prosperite a Tun des plus jeunes Musces du Nouveau
Continent. ^
Le baut patronage auquel Tlnstitut Carnegie doit le
batiment que nous venons inaugurer est pour lui le
gage sur d'une canicre indefiniment utile et feconde.
Le nom de Carnegie lui portera doublement bonbeur.
II est sjmonyme de passion pour la baute culture intel-
lectuelle et synonyme d'amour de la paix. Or les arts,
qui sont les fruits de la paix, sont un des plus puissants
instruments de concorde et d'barmonie a travers les
bommes. L'Institut Carnegie est appele a realiser le
double but que son bienfaiteur a assigne a une vie qui
veut ctre citce en exemple.
On ne saurait trop, en effet, multiplier les asiles de
TArt et de la Science. On ne saurait trop attendre de
leur role social et de TefBcacitc de leur mission.
Si les temoignages n'en etaient pas manif estes a tons
les yeux, Tbistoire de ce vieux Luxembourg en four-
nirait une preuve eclatantc. II a etc, comme vous savez,
344
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
fonde en 1750; Un modeste ecrivain d'art, La Font dc
Saint- Yennc, dans un opuscule intitule: "Reflexions
sur quelques causes de Tetat present dc la peinture en
France," paru en 1747, faisait valoir les avantages
qu'il y aurait pour les artistes et pour le public a pou-
voir ctudier les richesses des collections royales, reunies
dans une Galerie qui leur f ut ouverte.
Jusqu'alors, il faut le dire, les artistes etaient si de-
pourvus de moyens de completer leur education devant
les chefs-d'oeuvre des maitres que le grand Ministre
Colbert avait du inventer tout expres cette institution,
devenue glorieuse, de TAcademie de France a Rome,
Ceux qui avaient etc juges dignes d'encouragements
pouvaient, enfin, aller achever leurs etudes dans cet
incomparable Musee vivant de Tltalie.
L'idee du critique, si simple qu'elle nous semble
aujourd'hui, parut alors si neuve, si originale et si heu-
reuse, on Tentrevoyait comme devant etre tellement
feconde pour les progr^s des arts que chacun en re-
vendiqua la patemitc. II n'y eut pas jusqu'a la toute-
puissante favorite, la Marquise de Pompadour, qui ne
la reclamat pour son compte.
Le 14 octobre 1750, le nouveau Musee fut inaugure.
Les bienf aits de son enseignement ne tardcrent pas a se
fair sentir. Deja la celebre Galerie, dediee a Marie de
Medicis, qui se deroule aujourd'hui dans toute sa mag-
nificence et sa gloire sur les parois de notre auguste
Maison du Louvre, avait etc Tecole la plus suivie de
nos peintres et Rubens fut tou jours, grace a elle, un des
principaux directeurs de TEcole frangaise- Jusqu'aux
345
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
heures des grandes luttes qui marquerent les premieres
annees du XlXme siecle et meme dans les milieux en-
tierement classiques, son influence y fit constamment
contrepoids a celle des grands Italiens.
A partir du jour ou les collections du Cabinet du
Roi f urent ouvertes au public, le Luxembourg continua
plus inmiediatement cette mission et devint le veritable
foyer d'enseignement de Tart, Longtemps recrutees
d'une maniere presque exclusive parmi les maitres ita-
liens, et en particulier chez les grands rhetoriciens ou
les praticiens savants des ccoles de Bologne ou de Na-
ples, ces collections s'ctaient renouvelces et develop-
pces, depuis, du cote des petits maitres flamands et
hoUandais qu'on avait fort dedaignes anterieure-
ment. C'est devant ces peintures plus intimes, plus
f amili^res, plus humaines, que se f ormerent les precur-
seurs obscurs mais clairvoyants qui ont prepare revo-
lution des caractcres les plus modemes de notre art
contemporain. C'est devant Ruysdael, Huysmans ou
Van Goyen, devant Cuyp, Potter ou Berchem, devant
Ostade ou Teniers, Gerard Dow, Metsu ou Mieris, que
se f ormerent De Mame, Moreau Taine, Georges Michel,
Drolling et Boilly, annongant les uns, avant que se f ut
exercee Tinfluence des Maitres d' Outre Manche,ravcne-
ment du paysage romantique avec Paul Huet, les
autres favorisant Teclosion de la peinture d'interieurs
avecGranet, que sui vit Bon vin, d' autres creant le genre
ou s'illustrera Meissonier.
Cest grace a ces petits maitres reunis dans la galerie
du Luxembourg, que se maintient, derri^re les vastes
346
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
manifestations heroiqucs de la tourmcntc revolution-
naire ou dc Tepopee impcrialc, un petit courant etroit,
mais profond, de productions modestes, intimes, plus
terre a terre: scenes de moeurs, tableaux d'interieurs,
sujets d'intimitc, aspects de nature, peintures de fleurs
ou de nature morte. Et ce flot, a travers les angoisses
des grandes crises qui changerent le sort de la France et
la face de TEurope, assura la persistance d'un ideal plus
humain, plus proche^ destine progressivement a sup-
planter rideal artificiel, fonde uniquement sur la
mythologie ou sur Thistoire antique, qui regnait alors.
Tel est le premier bienf ait d'un Musee.
Le romantisme, vous le savez. Messieurs, vous, les
citoyens d'un pays ou les grands romantiques fran-
gais sont si particulierement honores, le romantisme a
cte la plus eclatante manifestation de cette rupture
avec le passe immediat— de ce mouvement d'emanci-
pation de la pensce qui fait de cette epoque comme une
sorte de Renaissance du XlXme siecle.
Le principal caractere de cette glorieuse periode f ut
un eveil comme spontane de curiosite universelle, un
elan libre et passionne vers toutes les choses de la nature
et de rhomme. On s'interesse avec une ardeur intense
a toutes les formes et a tous les ctats de Thumanite, soit
dans le present, soit dans le passe, mais dans tous les
passes a la fois. Dans chaque pays ce fut un retour
sympathique vers les origines nationales et c'est le
point de depart de la magnifique eclosion historique qui
se manifesta dans Terudition, dans les lettres, et dans
les arts.
347
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mais, dans Tart il n'y a pas que Tinspiration qui soit
appclcc a ctrc rcnouvelec, il y a le mode d'cxprcssion,
car Tart est Tideal realise par la forme. Or, justement,
pendant ces temps si agitcs, un petit Musce s'ouvrait
dans la Chapelle des Augustins ou Alexandre Lenoir
rescueillait pieusement, pour les sauver de la destruc-
tion, les reliques sacrees de nos vieux monuments fran-
gais. Et, c'est la, devant ces fragments plus ou moins
respectes par Touragan revolutionnaire, que prirent
naissance les premieres etudes attentives de notre passe
national. EUes aboutirent, en art, a ce mode particulier
de la peinture de "genre historique" qui va occuper une
place si importante dans la production de TEcole fran-
gaise, avant que se furent repandus les romans de
Walter Scott, et jusqu'aux extremites des deux camps
hostiles des romantiques ou des classiques. Plus tard,
en 1830, la fondation d'un autre Musee, le Musec
Historique de Versailles, contribuera, a son tour, au
developpement de la grande peinture d'histoire.
Mais que dire alors de Tinfluence qu'a exercee sur les
arts notre glorieux Musee du Louvre ? Fondc en pleine
Convention, il usurpait peu a peu le role primitif du
Luxembourg auquel il enle vait les collections anciennes
et qui se limitait desormais a consacrer les chef-d'oeuvre
de TArt vivant. II y eut, dans Thistoire du Louvre,
une heure inoubliable : ce f ut celle de Tarrivee de ces
monceaux de chefs-d'oeuvre, conquis par les guerres,
assures par les traites, qui reunirent, durant quelques
annees, a Paris presque tout ce qu'il y avait de plus
admirable au monde. On ne pent se figurer Timpres-
348
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
sion que produisit cet evenement sur les imaginations
tnmultuenses des jeunes maitres, Gericault ou Dela-
croix, qui allaient lever Tetendart de la revoke contre
les tutelles despotiques et surannees et jeter les bases
d'un art nouveau, expressif, pathetique, emu, en con-
f ormite avec les aspirations de la pensee moderne.
Qu'ajouterais-je encore si ce n'est que le Musce,
mieux que TEcole, est le veritable educateur ou du
moins qu'il est, dans bien des cas, non seulement le
complement, mais le palliatif de I'Ecole. En effet,
lorsque le culte du beau n'est plus compris que dans sa
litteralite scolaire, que les plus nobles et les plus sures
traditions se trouvent denaturees a travers Tetroitesse
des dogmes pedagogiques, ce sont les Musees qui,
dresses comme des phares, indiquent la vraie voie aux
esprits convaincus et clairvoyants. lis garden t le
depot des grandes traditions sacrees et on doit les
venerer comme des temples.
Les chefs-d'oeuvre qu'ils renferment nous ouvrent
tons les jours les yeux sur la grandeur et la beaute des
spectacles qui nous entourent dans la realite, en nous
montrant comment de nobles imaginations les ont com-
pris et traduits avant nous. Leur action est meme si
intense que c'est aussi bien devant les tableaux des
maitres que devant la nature que se sont accomplies les
revolutions les plus hardies qui ont eu pour but de
penctrer et de f econder Tart par la vie et de dessiller les
yeux obstrues par les prejuges. Demandez aux roman-
tiques les plus f ougueux, a Delacroix, par exemple, ce
qu'il est alle prendre a Rubens ; demandez aux realistes
349
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
les plus farouches depuis Courbct jusqu'a Fantin-
Latour tout ce qu'ils doivent aux grands botes du
Louvre. Demandez meme aux impressionistes, a
Manet ce qu'il devait a Velasquez ou a Goya, a Claude
Monet ce que lui dirent Constable et Turner et a ce
dernier ce que lui avait appris deja Claude Lorrain?
Telle est, Messieurs, vous le voyez, la mission baute-
ment educatrice des Musees. EUe n'est point, d'ail-
leurs, restreinte a I'instruction professionnelle des
artistes. Son role social est encore plus etendu. Les
galeries du temps jadis n'avaient ete recueillies par les
princes, les grands sei^eurs ou les financiers que conune
des fondations destinees a satisfaire leur plaisir ou a
flatter leur vanite. La Revolution f rangaise, en redon-
nant la vie aux Musees, a justement defini leurs devoirs.
EUe les a qualifies d' "etablissements d'enseignement."
C'est ainsi desormais que nous les considerons, avec
rambition d'y enscigner metbodiquement Tbistoire des
manifestations du Beau, sur tous les modes d'expres-
sion, et a travers les conceptions les plus diverses des
races bumaines. C'est ainsi que vous avez compris le
role de cette auguste maison que nous inaugurons
aujourd'bui. EUe est largement ouverte a tous, aux
beureux et surtout aux bumbles, qui ont droit, plus que
tous les autres, vous Tavez compris, aux joies et aux
consolations de Tart. Son present repond de son avenir
et, a cette beure solennelle dans son bistoire, je me sens
fier et beureux de lui porter les voeux du vieux Luxem-
bourg en saluant avec reconnaissance et avec respect le
nom de son f ondateur : Andre Carnegie. \_Applause']
350
THE NEXT STEP TOWARD
INTERNATIONAL PEACE
BY
WILLIAM T. STEAD
Mr. Chairman^ Ladies and Gentlemen:
There arc some of you who have been here a long time
and are rather tired. I want you to go out now.
Voices: No! No!
Well, then, stop until I finish. [Applause^ I have
to speak to you upon a subject of the greatest impor-
tance, and I hope that what I may say may have some
practical result, so I have done what I never did before
in my life, I have taken the precaution to write my
speech, because I have things to say which I know "for
weal or for woe" will make echoes in the press of the
whole world. I want to be sure that I say exactly what
I ought to say, and am not led by any indiscretion to
say any words that might be stronger or more profane
than I ought to utter. [Laughter]
I have just made a journey through ten countries for
the purpose of finding out what is the next step toward
international peace. I have seen and talked, con-
fidentially, with three kings, two queens, one prince
regent, one imperial chancellor, and all the prime
ministers, foreign ministers, ambassadors, and public
men who were worth seeing. [Applause] I found
351
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
them all unanimous upon two points. The first was
that in whatever country I found myself, the people of
that country, whether they were the subjects or citizens,
rulers or ministers, were quite clear that they in that
countxy were the most devoted to peace of all the peo-
ples of the world. \^Applause\ None of them would
answer for the other nine countries, but for their own.
Whether it was the Kaiser, or our own King, or the
President of the French Republic, the President of
your own Republic, [Applause] they were all abso-
lutely sure that the people at the head of which they
stand are absolutely devoted to peace. Now, you all
like that. [Laughter]
The second point upon which they are all agreed is
one upon which I wonder whether you will all be agreed.
The unanunity is quite as great in the one case as in
the other. They all agreed that the greatest, if not the
only, danger to the peace of the world lay in the exis-
tence of a large number of violent, unscrupulous, and
irresponsible newspapers, which were constantly en-
gaged in making mischief. The Imperial Chancellor
of Germany, Prince von Billow, said to me, "The
Emperor is for peace; the King is for peace; the par-
liaments are for peace ; the ministers are for peace ; only
the newspapers are for war. [Applause] We diplo-
matists have to spend our time in running around with
pails of water to put out the fires which the newspapers
kindle."
Eighteen years ago, when I was at St. Petersburg, I
met General von Schweinitz, the German ambassador
352
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
at the court of Russia. He said to me, "Mr. Stead, I
hear you are anxious to preserve peace." "Yes," said I.
'If so," said he, "I can give you a prescription which
will secure the peace of the world for all time." "Oh!
give it to me! quick! quick! quick!" I said, "I want
the prescription." "It is very simple," he said. "You
have only to hang twelve newspaper editors, and let
me choose the editors. [Laughter and applause] I
would begin with the editor of the 'Cologne Gazette,'
and the second man whom I would hang would be the
editor of the London Times.' " [Laughter^ in which
Mr. C. F. Moberly Bell, of the London '""iifnesr who
was seated on the platform, joined heartily] I do not
think General von Schwcinitz was in the habit of read-
ing American newspapers. I hope none of the honor-
able fraternity will feel themselves insulted by being
left out of the first position in the category of the hang-
man. [Laughter]
The other day I was in Washington, and an eminent
American statesman told me that the newspapers in
the New World, as in the Old, rendered the task of the
government in maintaining peace very difficult.
"Have you any remedy?" I asked. "Alas," he said,
"I see no remedy, excepting the use of the electrocution
chair." While I am a journalist, proud of the profes-
sion to which I have devoted nearly forty years of a
busy life, and yield to no man in my belief in the enor-
mous usefulness of the press, and regard the freedom of
the press as the palladium of national safety and na-
tional progress, partly on that very account I do not
353
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
hesitate to declare that in the discussion of interna-
tional affairs the liberty of the press, in many scan-
dalous cases, has degenerated into license, which at this
moment is the greatest danger which threatens the
peace of the world. Standing here, as it were, upon
the housetop of the world, and knowing that my words
will be heard throughout all the continents, I proclaim
the truth which all reasonable men recognize, but
which none dare to declare, that the irresponsible
license of the modern press is increasing and must be
abated, not only in the interests of international peace,
but in the interest of the press itself. {Prolonged ap-
lause']
At Washington, the other day, I was told that in
Panama you have practically banished yellow and
malarial fevers from the Isthmus. It used to be
thought that these regions were cursed by nature and
doomed to suffer from these pestilences. It always had
been so, and it was considered a mere fantasy of enthu-
siasm to imagine that it ever could be otherwise. You
Americans have discovered that yellow fever can be
banished if you only extirpate the malaria-bearing
mosquito. Therein I saw, as in a parable, the way to
secure peace. There is in my own country — I will not
venture to say in yours — a plague, not of the yellow
fever, but of the yellow press ! [Applause^ Thanks
to its activity, the nations are continually in danger of
war. What mankind has now to do is to extirpate
these malaria-bearing mosquitoes of sensational jour-
nalism. [Applause] Being a merciful man, I do not
354
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
recommend either the gallows or the electrocution
chair, but it ought not to be beyond the resources of civil-
ization for laws to be passed which would consign to a
convict prison every journalist who could be convicted
by twelve jurors, good men and true, of having pub-
lished false or misleading statements, in scare heads,
or in the body of his paper, which were calculated to in-
flame national animosity against a neighboring peace-
ful nation so as to endanger the maintenance of peace.
^Applause'] If this law could be passed it would help
to restore the somewhat degraded dignity of the press,
it would be of great benefit to the respectable papers,
and it would enormously facilitate the tasks of govern-
ments anxious to maintain peace. It is written,
"Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called
the children of God," but I say unto you : "Cursed are
the mischief-makers, for they are verily and truly the
children of the devil." ^Applause]
Your experience in Panama suggests another great
lesson. The great obstacle to the safe working of that
great trans-oceanic waterway, is the fact that the river
Chagres is subject to great floods, which, unless they can
be dammed back, will certainly wreck the canal. Na-
tions, especially nations which are cursed with a jingo
press, are subject to torrential floods of passion, which
from time to time sweep away all the efforts of their
governments to maintain peace. The danger is uni-
versally recognized, and no one attempts any serious,
earnest eflFort to find a remedy. The last Hague Con-
ference recognized the peril, and upon the motion of
355
MEMOMAL OF THE DEDICATION
Mr. Holls, an American citizen, it requested and ear-
nestly recommended that hostilities should never be
entered upon, until opportunity had been a£Forded for
special mediators chosen by the disputants themselves,
to ascertain whether or not a peaceful settlement could
be arranged. It further recommended that a period of
grace, not exceeding thirty days, should be allowed for
such special mediators to try and make peace. If this
recommendation had been acted upon, we should have
escaped both the war in South Africa and the Russian-
Japanese war. What the coming Hague Conference
should do is to transform that recommendation into an
imperative international law. [^Applause'] There is,
of course, no absolute remedy, but in nine cases out of
ten it could be enforced by enacting that if any state
goes to war without allowing this period of grace for
special mediation, it should be declared an outlaw and
placed under an international ban, as an enemy of the
human race, {^Applause^ to whom it shall not be lawful
for the citizens or subjects of any other state to lend
money for the prosecution of the war, \_Applause^ and
all whose imports shall be declared ipso facto contra-
band of war. "The power of the press" is often mis-
quoted as the "power of the sword," and if only Amer-
ica, Great Britain, and France were to agree to enforce
this interdict (as they are the three money-lending
powers of the world) , the nightmare dread of sudden
outbreak of war without an opportunity being afforded
for reflection, mediation, or inquiry, would be banished
from the world.
356
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
There is an admirable bureau at Washington estab-
lished for the facilitation of friendly and fraternal re-
lations between the United States and the South Amer-
ican republics. There ought to be such an interna-
tional bureau of hospitality in every capital in the
world, charged with similar duties in relation to all
foreigners. The coming Hague Conference ought to
recommend an appropriation for peace by every coun-
try there represented, to be spent in aiding and abet-
ting and in promoting international friendship, and in
developing a system of international hospitality. The
sum needed would not be large. If, for every ten dol-
lars voted every year for our armies and our navies, one
little red cent were voted for peace, it would be quite
sufficient. [Applause'] Surely that is not an extrav-
agant demand.
Another step which ought to be taken at The Hague
Conference is to make arbitration obligatory upon all
nations on all questions which do not involve national
honor or vital national interests. Yet another one is
to create and maintain at The Hague a small Per-
manent Board of Peacemakers, say of three members,
whose duty it would be to take prompt measures to
bring into operation the peacemaking machinery laid
down by The Hague Conference.
These measures are all simple, practical, logical, and
necessary. But will they be adopted? I will reply:
It depends solely upon you citizens of America. If you
are apathetic and do nothing. The Hague Conference
will do little to achieve these great progressive ad-
357
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION |
vances toward international peace; but if you arouse
yourselves to a true sense of the magnitude of this
opportunity, you may achieve all these reforms with
more to follow. A great obligation lies upon you to
make the coming Hague Conference successful. The
Conference was originally proposed by Mr. Bartholdt,
a member of the American Congress, the head of the
American group of the American Interparliamentary
Union, at the suggestion of that Union's meeting on
American soil. The assembly or conference was ori-
ginally proposed by the President of the United States.
The most important proposal likely to come before
them is to make obligatory Article Eight, Mr. HoUs',
or the American article, in the convention of 1899. The
most important proposal, that of the peace appropria-
tion to enable the government to promote good feeling
among nations, and to abate defects of war, also ori-
ginated in the American brain. The Americans are
the one great international nation of the world.
[Applause] The Constitution of the United States
of America is based upon those principles of liberty
and law upon which will yet be reared the Consti-
tution of the United States of the World. [Ap-
plause'] You are rich, energetic, enthusiastic, and most
practical withal. It is at once your duty and your
privilege to take the lead of this human race in this
great and critical movement. Are you prepared to do
it? You ask me in reply, "How can we do it?" My
answer is clear, definite, and practical. Our Secretary
of State for War said to me before I was starting on my
358
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
journey, "Remember that you are far more likely to
achieve good results by making your appeal to the peo-
ples rather than appealing to the governments. The
governments will do what the people tell them. If the
people are apathetic, the governments, who are all
overdriven, weighed down with many burdens, will do
as little as they can. You will effect nothing of im-
portance by sending a deputation of one or two or three
notables to make representations to the Kaiser, or to
the Czar, or to the King, or to the President of the Re-
public, unless there is at the back of such deputation
the manifested determination of the millions to have
something done and done now. Any proposition to be
practicable must be in the first instance an appeal to the
masses of the toilers of the world. Arouse them and
the rest is easy." Therefore, I propose that the coming
Peace Conference at New York pick out, let us say,
twelve representative men and women from among
the first citizens of the Republic, persons who are not
in government service, but who are of international
reputation, and ask them to form the nucleus of a great
international pilgrimage, with the object of arousing
the nations of the Old World to appeal with you to
their own governments to give to their delegates at The
Hague imperative instructions to carry out some strong,
practical program, such as I have just outlined. If this
recommendation is adopted, these twelve pilgrims from
the New World to the Old would have to be willing to
devote a month, say from May 15th to June 15th, when
The Hague Conference will meet, to a tour around
359
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Europe. They will be joined when they come to Lon-
don by twelve British pilgrims of similar rank and
standing, and twelve pilgrims from Scandinavia,
four from Sweden, four from Denmark, and four from
Norway. After they had made their appeal to the
people of Great Britain and addressed themselves to
his Majesty, the King, whose zeal for peace is equal to
that of any one in this assemblage or anywhere else,
\_Applause'\ and after they had waited upon the min-
isters of the Crown, whose great ambition it is to use
this Hague Conference for the purpose of creating a
great league of peace-loving nations, anxious and ear-
nest to secure for the peoples of the world some relief
from the heavy burden which weighs upon them so
much at the present time, they would pass over to
France, and at Paris they would be received by the
President of the Republic and the ministers. The
French people, ever prompt to recognize the lofty ideas
of the American people, as attested in those times long
ago when they were with you in war, so they will now
be with you in peace. l^Applause'l From Paris, the
pilgrimage, with twelve distinguished Frenchmen
added thereto, will travel southward toward Italy. At
Geneva they would pick up four Swiss, and en route
to some place they would take the representatives of
Spain and Portugal — Spain, your recent foe, but now
your firm, prompt, and gallant ally. [Applause'] Last,
they would reach the Eternal City. There, I can assure
you, they would receive from every one, from the king
upon the throne to the poorest in the street, the warm-
360
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
est and the most enthusiastic welcome. I speak of
what I know, for I have discussed this question with
the King of Italy. Nowhere on the continent of
Europe do I find a monarch so passionate for peace, so
earnest to do everjrthing to give effect to the public
opinion of the world in the reduction of armaments and
securing of lasting peace. [Applausell From Rome,
they would turn northward, passing through Venice,
reaching Vienna, adding six Austrians there. Then on
to Budapest to pick up six Hungarians. Then on to
St. Petersburg, where they would be received by the
monarch to whose generous initiative we owe the first
Hague Conference, and to the representative of the
Russian people in the second Duma, which would prob-
ably then be in session, and from whom we should
receive a welcome — the first international welcome, the
first international greeting from the public of the
world to the representative assembly of the Russian
nation. [Applausell With twelve added Russian pil-
grims we would come back, now one hundred strong, to
the capital of the German Empire, and there you would
find a monarch, who has been so worthily represented
by the general who has addressed you from this plat-
form to-day, a monarch who has reigned for eighteen
years over Germany, at the head of the strongest army
in the world, and who has never made a war. \^Ap-
plause] In these eighteen years Britain has made war
in South Africa, you have made war with Spain, Russia
has made war with Japan, France has made war in
Madagascar, Italy has made war on Abyssinia, Ger-
361
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
many has made no war. \^Great applause'] And I was
told by those who knew in Berlin that the proudest am-
bition, the greatest ambition of the Kaiser is that when
he should go down to the grave and be gathered to his
fathers, history might record of him that here lies an
emperor whose reign was never stained by a single war.
[Great applause]
If this pilgrimage is to be a distinctly American
realization of a distinctively American idea, it must
be distinctively democratic all through, and especially
democratic in its finance. [^Applause] Mr. Carnegie
is a marvelous man. If I may say it in Pittsburgh
without blasphemy, he is not exactly Grod Almighty.
[Laughter and applause] But even if he were, he
would probably act upon the adage that God helps
those who help themselves. [Great applause] From
those among you to whom much has been given, much
naturally is expected. If America has received more
than any other nation in the world in liberty, in order,
in prosperity, from you, therefore, much will be ex-
pected. Now is your opportunity. Remember the
solemn warning of your American poet :
If, before his duty, man with reckless spirit stands,
Ere long the great Avenger takes the work from out
his hands.
[Great applause]
[Mr. Stead being forced to respond to the volume of
applause, reappeared at the front of the stage and
said] :
362
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
My friends, what are you clapping for? Do you
think that every one of you who is clapping would give
fifty cents for that pilgrimage ? [ Great applause^
[The response to the question was a rain of fifty-
cent pieces upon the floor of the rostrum.]
363
THE DUNFERMLINE TRUST
BY
WILLIAM ROBERTSON
My friends, Provost Macbeth and Dr. Ross, have told
you something of the old gray city from which we come,
of its long and interesting history, and of its ancient
and close relations with this great and prosperous city
in which we are met.
There is much in its history not mentioned by them
that would repay your study, and which would perhaps
induce you to pay it a visit and so afford us an oppor-
tunity of offering to you a real Scottish welcome, and
in an humble way reciprocating the magnificent hos-
pitality which has been so lavishly extended to us.
May I now in a few words endeavor to give you some
idea of the aims and efforts of the sister trust founded
in his native city by Mr. Carnegie ? It is, of course, al-
ways a great privilege to be born in such a city as Dun-
fermline, and Provost Macbeth and myself (both of us
Dunfermline bairns) appreciate the ambition and ex-
cellent judgment of our friend. Dr. Ross, who, denied
this privilege, sought to share it by coming when he was
yet young and settling among us.
As you may readily guess, he quickly made a place
for himself in the community of which he is admittedly
to-day its foremost member.
The Carnegie Dunfermline Trust, instituted in the
364
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
year 1903, has set itself seriously to secure for the peo-
ple of Dunfermline the many good things which in his
broad-minded sympathy Mr. Carnegie has designed
for them, and which by his unboimded generosity he
has made possible for them to enjoy.
In his deed of gift, Mr. Carnegie expressly points to
the children as being those to whose interest the Trust
should especially direct its efforts. Following this lead
the Trust has, with the whole-hearted cooperation of
the School Board, gone to all the schools, and has
through its two medical officers. Dr. Ash and Dr. Isabel
Cameron, with the consent of the parents, examined
the physical condition of each child. Where, through
deformity or deficient physique, a child is likely to be
handicapped in life's battle, special remedial exercises
are being given with the most gratif jdng results. Un-
der a highly qualified staff all the school children are
trained in physical culture. These classes are taught
in a gymnasium, perhaps the finest in Great Britain,
which, with the equally magnificent swimming and
other baths under the same roof, is one of Mr. Car-
negie's latest and greatest gifts to us.
The children are also being taught to swim, special
encouragement being given to the classes for the teach-
ing of life-saving. I venture to predict that one of the
distinguishing features of the Dunfermline Trust's
mark will be on the part of its children, not only an
ability, but also in case of need, a readiness to render
speedy and efficient help to any one in danger of death
by drowning.
365
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Rcccndy, a well furnished library has been provided
for each school, greatly to the benefit and pleasure of
the scholars.
Dunfermline has always been noted as a musical
center, and with a desire to discover and develop native
talent the Trustees have appointed a director of music,
Mr. Stephen, who, helped by his able assistant, Mr.
Kerr, is doing excellent work; so that even after only
two years most striking and satisfactory results are
being shown.
The red-letter day of the year with Dunfermline
children is undoubtedly the Margaret Carnegie Day in
June, when practically every child in the city able to
walk goes in procession to Pittencrie£F Glen and holds
high holiday. In their assembled thousands they never
forget to send a loving greeting to a certain little lady
who, although born in this distant land, has been
taught to know and led to love them and their home.
For those of older years opportunities are provided
of improving their musical and artistic gifts.
The music committee of the Trust arranges for open-
air music almost daily in the Glen during the summer,
and in the winter months brings to instruct and enter-
tain us the most eminent lecturers and musicians.
Mrs. Carnegie, a lady admired and loved by all who
know her, has long taken a great interest in stimulating
the people's love of flowers, and, taking up her work,
the horticulture committee of the Trust has already
done splendid service by encouraging a healthy rivalry
among the working classes as to who can show the
366
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
brightest and best-kept cottage garden. We may al-
ready claim that in Dunfermline we have flower shows
equal to any in the kingdom. But perhaps the Com-
mittee's most promising work is being done among the
school children to whom many thousands of bulbs
(hyacinths, tulips and lilies) are supplied at a cheap
price, and no flower show evokes more interest or pro-
vokes keener competition than that held in the spring,
when prizes are awarded to the most successful of these
young lovers of flowers.
From a social point of view, perhaps the most inter-
esting of the Trust's schemes is that of district reading
and recreation rooms. Included in the burgh of Dun-
fermline, although situated about one and a half miles
distant, is the village of Townhill. It is essentially a
mining village, all the male residents being employed
in the adjacent coal-mines. It has a population of
some 2500 souls. In this detached part of the burgh
the first of these district institutions has been erected.
Opened only a year ago it has already become the liv-
ing heart, the inspiring soul of the village life. In the
words of the schoolmaster, the men of the village are
already carrying themselves better. If proof were
needed of this institution's efficiency as a counter-at-
traction to the public house, I may mention that only a
few days before I sailed, the village policeman in-
formed me that he had had only one case since the
New Year, and that the offender was a stranger.
Behind the library building is a playing ground for
young children, and alongside of it a bowling-green,
367
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
made, and, with the assistance of the Trust, managed
by the men of the village.
On a summer evening no more pleasing sight can be
met with than that of the wives and mothers, all with
their everlasting knitting, seated watching on the one
side their husbands and on the other side their chil-
dren at play. In the building spray and slipper baths
have been provided, a luxury greatly appreciated by
the village folk, and which they enjoy at the cost of one
penny — two cents.
The library has already eight hundred readers on its
list, and issues about two thousand books a month. The
success of this first district institution has been so com-
plete that the Trustees have secured ground, and have
selected plans for one of a similar kind to be erected in
the northwest division of the city where already a
bowling-green has been laid out and will be thrown
open for play in the course of a few weeks.
In addition to these we hope to provide plajring
fields and probably also skating ponds as suitable
spaces become available. Of all Mr. Carnegie's great
gifts to his native city, none has given the people more
true enjoyment and pure delight than the romantic
glen and lovely park of Pittencrieff. Touching as it
does the very center of our old town, two of whose ex-
tended arms embrace it on the north and west, it is the
constant resort of old and young.
Without in any way interfering with its natural
beauties the Trustees are spending much thought and
work and money in laying out walks and otherwise
368
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
opening up its many charms and improving its amen-
ities. In the very heart of this Glen stands all that is
left of Malcolm Canmore's Tower on its rocky founda-
tion, protected and encircled by the crooked stream, a
conjunction which gives our old city at once its name
Dunfermline, "The tower on the hill by the crooked
stream," and "Esto Rupes inaccessa." "Be thou an
inaccessible rock/'
From this hurried sketch of the operations of the
Carnegie Dunfermline Trust it will be seen that the
Trustees are striving after the same end and very
much along the same lines as your larger Carnegie
Trust here. And this is only to be expected seeing both
bodies owe their being to and derive their ideals from
the same inspiring and generous source. [Applause']
TEA FOR THE LADIES
At the conclusion of the speaking in the Hall of Music,
the ladies of the party were taken to the new building
of the Margaret Morrison Carnegie School for Women,
where tea was served in the midst of a beautiful deco-
ration of flowers and plants, with the sweet harmony of
music abiding through it all. Mrs. Arthur A. Hamer-
schlag was hostess, assisted by the wives of the mem-
bers of the Faculty of the Carnegie Technical Schools.
369
FRIDAY NIGHT
THE BANQUET
iN Friday evening, a banquet given at the
I Hotel Schcnley by the members of the
^ Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Insti-
H tute in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Andrew
Carnegie, was attended by all the guests
who had come to Pittsburgh in connection with the
dedication ceremonies. The Schenley banquet-hall was
decorated with the flags of all nations, and when the
guests had taken their places at the table the scene was
one of impressive beauty. The spirit of the evening was
that of the most cordial good humor, and the banquet,
with its menu and its speeches, was greatly enjoyed by
all.
MR. S. H. CHURCH
ladies and Gentlemen:
Before the speaking begins, the Founder's Day Com-
mittee have requested me to make an announcement
371
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
changing the official program. On account of the very
inclement and cold weather, we have thought it best to
omit the boat-ride for to-morrow afternoon. There-
fore, with your kind permission, the official exercises
will close in the Music Hall to-morrow morning after
the conferring of the honorai
be no boat-ride. [Applause I
dissent from some others. 1
groans. \Laughter'\ Before
to Mr. Frew and the Toasti
requested me to read this ti
opportunity of reading it.
La
Andrew Carnegie,
Pittsburgh
Please accept my hearty
great and good speech on th
Institute in your home city c
right ring. I am with you.
for the success of all your gi
fellow-men. I hope and trust
the country over will be stii
noble example. I believe th:
suit therefrom.
[Applause'\
And this reply has been taken from the wire :
372
« <
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
John D. Rockefeller,
Lake wood, N. J.
Many thanks, fellow-worker in the task of distribut-
ing surplus wealth for the good of others. I clasp your
hand. Your congratulations highly valued.
Andrew Carnegie
MR. W. N. FREW
Ladies and Gentlemen:
It may be that something of "that tired feeling" has
crept over you when you see me rising again to my
feet ; and in my inner consciousness there comes a con-
viction that possibly you have some grounds for that.
It may be that I should feel as one who afterward be-
came a great poet felt when he was a young man, and
was turning out what at best was rubbish. He rushed
enthusiastically into the office of an editorial friend of
his and said, "Charley, have you read my last poem?"
Charley said : "Yes, I hope so." [Laughter] I want,
before I sit down, to again express our appreciation of
your visit, and to tell you how much we have all en-
joyed the presence here of our guests from this coun-
try, and from the other side of the water, and especially
of the ladies, who have risked so much to be here.
[Applause]
Speaking of the ladies, I am going to appropriate to
myself a toast in advance of the Toastmaster, to whose
373
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
tender mercies I will deliver you later. It is a toast to
which I attach a peculiar significance, because I think
it involves the recognition of much of the good that
has come to the Carnegie Institute. You may drink the
health of the Founder, if you will, and I hope you will,
but I am going to propose the health of the Founder's
wife, Mrs. Andrew Carnegie. {^Applause'] '
[Mr. Carnegie here started the song ''For She ^s
a Jolly Good Fellow^'' etc.^ in which the banqueters
heartily joined^
And now my labors are about at an end. I can only
wish that when our friends leave us, they will meet
with safe and pleasant journeys to their respective
homes. Now, I hand you over to the Toastmaster of
the evening, the Honorable James H. Reed. \^Ap-
plause^
HON. JAMES H. REED
The president's remarks remind me of a small girl in
our neighborhood whom I overheard the other day say-
ing to another: "Must you go? What 's your hurry?
Here 's your hat.'' \Laughter'\ I trust I shall have the
S3anpathy of our guests in the performance of my duties,
for the lot of a toastmaster is not a happy one, when he
has to obey orders from a many-sided committee, with
many minds working in different and changing direc-
tions under pressure. In sheer desperation the other
day I said to the committee, and it seemed finally to
have some effect, that I was in the condition of a dog
374
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
down at the Union Station which a baggage*master was
seen dragging along by a rope over his ears. Another
baggage-master said : " Where is that dog going?" He
said: "I don't know where he is going; he don't know
where he is going; nobody knows where he is going; he
ate his tag." [Applause'] The committee had a daily
lunch for the last week, and ate its tag every day, but
we have finally, by a series of mishaps, landed at this
point in our program. I suppose those were the *1iard-
ships" which the president said that the ladies had
undergone in coming here. Before I enter upon my
duties, I want to take this opportunity of seriously ex-
pressing before this assemblage the very great obliga-
tion of the Board of Trustees to its president, Mr.
Frew.
Mr. Carnegie: "Hear! Hear! Hear!"
*
Not simply at this time, but since the organization of
the Carnegie Library and the Carnegie Institute have
his tact, sound judgment, and close attention to the
interests of the two institutions greatly contributed to
their success, and, given as they were from love of the
work, they are entitled to the highest commendation.
He is worthy of everything that you heard Mr. Car-
negie say about him yesterday, and I hope that he will
continue to be president of the Board of Trustees of
these allied institutions for many years to come.
These exercises must have been of great interest to
our visiting guests, and, as to-night marks the culmina-
tion of the exercises of the Institute, it is possibly
proper to say to you something about the Institute and
375
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
its founder. I am not going to perpetrate a lengthy
speech. We all know in Pittsburgh the wonderful ef-
fect this institution has had upon the higher life of the
city. Before the building of the Carnegie Library, we
had a habit of making money here, and when I say
'Ve" I mean the community, and I do not mean all of
us ; just some of our people; and, when we made money,
then we made some more money, but such a thing as
leisure was unfashionable. As a gentleman said to me
a short time ago, any man stopping work at three or
four o'clock in the afternoon to take a horseback ride
was supposed to be in a decline, on his road to the
grave; and the last thing his doctor could recommend
to him was to ride horseback, and generally he died
within five or six months. In other words, no man in
Pittsburgh, who was supposed to be well and in his
right mind, ever stopped to take any recreation, and
even in my own youthful recollection I can remember
that the man who took a vacation in the winter-time
was considered to be on the downward road, and his
business going to the dogs because he did not attend to
it. He was allowed in the general course of the year
to have a couple of weeks in the sunmfier, but to take a
couple of weeks in the winter to go south, showed that
he was neglecting his business, and sooner or later his
note would have to be called. Now, however, since the
opening of these institutions, there has been a distinct
improvement in the life of Pittsburgh. Interest is
being evoked in music, and in art, and in reading, and
all those things which go to make life in a city pleasant.
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
This brings me to the founder of this institution, and
I told him this afternoon, that I was going to have one
chance to tell the truth about him where he could not
stop me. I do not intend to flatter him, but his life and
character must of necessity be of great interest to our
visitors and guests, and I have no doubt you have
studied these in the last two or three days as much as
you have the Institute itself. Mr. Carnegie's business
life was typical of thousands of similar cases in this
land of opportunity. Starting in poverty, coming to
this country to seek advancement, working in the city
of Pittsburgh as a bobbin boy, as a messenger boy, as a
telegraph operator, as a railroad superintendent, and
finally as a small, and then a greater, and still greater
manufacturer, his career, except in its amazing success,
has been duplicated time and again in this great coun-
try. But when he retired from business then his real
greatness appeared.
A Voice : "Good r
It was my province to represent him and his company,
and to look after the legal affairs in connection with the
sale of his interest to the United States Steel Corpora-
tion, and I was with him a great deal at that time, and
the thing that struck me, and I have never before had
an opportunity to say it, the thing that struck me as re-
markable at the time, was that he had no appreciation
of the money which was coming into his hands. He did
not, figuratively speaking, stack his dollars up and look
at them, but his first thought was, '"What good can I do
with this money?" And in the talks which he had with
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
me, that was the whole current of his thought. He did
not say: "I have so much money, so much more money
than other people, and I am going to do this and that
with it for my own benefit," but the first thing he asked
himself was how he could best distribute this money for
the good of his fellow-men ; and before the ink was dry
on the papers he had formulated a princely gift for the
Carnegie Relief Fund, for the widows and orphans of
his former employees, that they might be taken care of.
[Applause'] In that respect he is great and he is unique.
We have seen men accumulate money, lock it up, die
and leave it; but we never before have seen a man take
so much absolute pleasure in giving it away for the
benefit of other people, as does Mr. Carnegie. [Hear!
Hear!'] And you saw his happiness yesterday when he
had succeeded in divesting himself of five or six mil-
lions more ; and I will venture to say he is already plan-
ning some other method of depleting his treasury.
[Laughter and applause]
I am not going to take up any more time because it is
late. I could say a great deal more about him. He had
an awfully bad habit when he was in business : he had
a reprehensible habit of wanting to have his own way,
and a worse habit of getting it. To put it in the popular
saying of the day: "I want what I want when I want
it." [Applause] And that about describes him in
business. Since his retirement he still wants what he
wants, and what he wants is the happiness of his fel-
low-men. [Applause] Now, I want you to drink to
his health, his long life, prosperity, and happiness.
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
After Judge Reed's opening speech, the guests all
arose and drank to the health of Mr. Carnegie. The
orchestra then played the Scotch song, "Will he no'
come back again?'*
MR. CARNEGIE
I
[Great applause^ cheers^ and waving of handker^
chiefs']
Mr. President^ ^ oastmaster^ Ladies^ and Gentlemen:
This is one of the sweetest of all Scotch songs sung
in memory of Prince Charlie, a man who has succeeded
in weaving around himself many of the most exquisite
songs that any human being has been honored with.
[Applause] Ah, ladies and gentlemen, it is unneces-
sary to sing that song for me in reference to Pittsburgh.
Travel where I may — and I have wandered much, and
all around this world, have lived in many places — ^my
heart never wanders from the city where I passed my
boyhood, right here in smoky Pittsburgh. [Applause]
Wherever I may be in the world, I can paraphrase an-
other Scotch song, "My heart 's in old Pittsburgh, my
heart is not here." I find myself, in foreign places, al-
ways going back to my boyhood in Pittsburgh, where I
spent the happiest time of all my life ; where I emerged
from boyhood at thirteen and became a man ; a bread-
winner, with my mother and my brother to support.
Ah ! there is no triumph like that on earth for the young
boy. [Applause] But every dog has his day, and
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Pittsburgh has had two days already, and I am now
going to carry you to another town, another city, be-
cause I see the representatives of my native place here,
and when I speak fondly of two countries, I find no
inconsistency between the deep love for the Pittsburgh
of my manhood, and the filial love for the mother town
of Dunfermline where I was born. [Cries of "Hear!
hearri I wander back to Dunfermline, and imagine,
if you can, the happiness I have in this bond between
them. You will be amazed to know what Dunferm-
line is, and in what relation she stands to Pittsburgh.
Let me recall. You know General Forbes, after Brad-
dock's defeat, started from Philadelphia with an army
to conquer Fort Duquesne. You know he cut his way
through the Alleghany Mountains, some days making
only a mile or two through the forests ; you know that
he was carried on a litter most of the way. But he had
the Scotch blood. No retreat for him! He started
out for this place and he got here. General Washing-
ton came from Virginia by an easy trail to join him.
Forbes captured Fort Duquesne and he wrote to Pitt,
the great minister of Britain, and, curiously enough,
the letter was dated on my birthday, the 25th of No-
vember, and he said to Pitt : "You have been so grand
a man, you have made your country so great, that I
have called this place, Pittsburgh, destined to become
in the future a most important city." [Applause']
That is very well, but who was General Forbes ? Gen-
eral Forbes was born in Dunfermline, as I was. [Ap-
plause] Ah, more than that. I tell you, it almost looks
380
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
as if it were providential. I choose to call it so because
it pleases me so much, and that is what we always
consider providential. \^Laughter'\ You laugh; but
for anything that does n't please us, we have serious
doubts upon its origin. Well, General Forbes was
bom upon an estate called Pittencrieff, where King
Malcolm built his tower in 1070, or something near
that, and where he married Queen Margaret, now the
patron saint of Scotland. Turgot, her confessor, will
tell you all about her. There they lived. General
Forbes was Laird of Pittencrieff, including Malcolm's
tower and Margaret's shrine, when he captured Pitts-
burgh. I am Laird of Pittencrieff to-day. Through my
dear friend, counsellor, and guide, John Ross, present
with us to-night, [Applause'] I have given to the town
of Dunfermline all of the domain of Pittencrieff for a
public park, but I hold on to the sacred spot of King
Malcolm's tower, and to the title of the Laird of Pit-
tencrieff, who is a great dignitary in Dunfermline. I
would n't exchange that title, no, not for any title in
Britain. We were all excluded from Pittencrieff when
we were children, and especially the children who bore
the name of Morrison or Carnegie, because my grand-
fathers and my uncles fought the Laird of Pittencrieff
then — it was not Forbes, but another — ^because he had
taken away from the city some of their rights. There-
fore, the Laird of Pittencrieff declared that no Morri-
son or Carnegie should ever enter that sacred precinct.
We were all banished from this paradise, because it
was to all Dunfermline boys a paradise. Imagine the
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
gratification I had, the delight — ^nothing on earth, no
triumph, can equal this — ^to hand that estate over to
my native town as a park where you may see thousands
and thousands of children playing every day, and
everybody with free access to it. [Applause'l 1 tell you,
ladies and gentlemen, I never realized so keenly what
wealth could do before. I want you to mark the inti-
mate connection between Pittsburgh and my native
town. [Applause] A man of my native town created
Pittsburgh. There was no Pittsburgh until he made it.
And then another came and happened to aid in its de-
velopment. More than that, at the battle of Braddock's
defeat two officers fell. Sir Arthur Halket and his son,
and Sir Arthur Halket was at that time Provost of Dun-
fermline, whose worthy successor we have here to-
night— ^James Currie Macbeth. [Applause] Upon
that very field, Braddock's field, we erected the first
steel-works of our firm. [Applause] It is clear, I
think, that Providence really did intend that Dunferm-
line and Pittsburgh historically should be woven and
clasped together. [Applause]
I am not going to make you a speech to-night. You
have heard a telegram from Mr. Rockefeller, which is
exceedingly gratifying to me. I congratulated him
upon his first gift to the Southern Educational Fund.
And this brings up the problem of wealth. I have
spoken to you a great deal about Dunfermline. I want,
before closing, to read you something else from Dun-
fermline, but, remember this, ladies and gentlemen,
Dunfermline was the metropolis of Scotland — Sir Rob-
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THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
crt Cranston, ex-provost of Edinburgh, sitting before
me, will please excuse me for mentioning the fact — ^it
was the metropolis long before Edinburgh. l^ApplauseJi
It is the Westminster of Scotland. More royal remains
are buried around that abbey than in any abbey or any
place in Great Britain. A halo of romance pervades it.
The boy bom in Dunfermline walks around that abbey
where lie the remains of King Robert the Bruce, with
all the holy fervor of the Catholic counting his beads,
bowing to the great monument of King Robert the
Bruce, and is fed on Bruce and Wallace, and oh, the
vein of Scottish prejudice that may be in a boy of seven
or eight years of age! When I heard that England
was bigger than Scotland, I was miserable. {^"'Hear!
hearT^ When I asked my uncle: "Is England bigger
than Scotland?" he replied, "No, no, ma' laddie, not if
you roll Scotland out flat. [Laughter^ And would
you have it flat like England?" "No, never." [Laugh-
ter] And there was a balm in Gilead for the young
patriot. But I heard again England had seven times
more population than Scotland. Oh, but that was a
hard blow — more Englishmen than Scotchmen!
\Laughter'\ What did Providence mean by that? My
uncle reminded me there were more than seven Eng-
lishmen at Bannockburn to one Scotchman, and yet the
Scotch triumphed. [Laughter\ That is the curse of
war ! It can not but be so. War determines only who
is strong, never who is right. I hope that day is soon to
pass away. [Applause] Of course, when boys grow
up and know what a loving mother England is now to
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
her colonies, and see the splendid institutions she
spreads over the world, and the liberal constitution she
has just given to the Boers, and see what she has done
for Canada, the bitter feeling must pass away. There
is where England shines, [Great applause^
Well now, ladies and gentlemen, excuse me, I did
not intend to enter upon that subject. But here is what
I want to read you in conclusion. There is a Dunferm-
line working-man who has written some verses ; for the
Scotch know the value of education. You would be
surprised at the books they read in the cottages of the
Highlands. I don't put Scotland behind any country,
not even America, in the education of her men and
women. Now, here is a working-man, a man who
works every day. I know him to be a hard working-
man, and here is how he teaches the gospel of the prob-
lem of wealth. I want you to hear it. It is in the
Scotch. I will read it for you. It is entitled "Me and
Andra,'* not "Andra and Me." Do you get that, "Me
and Andra?"
ME AND ANDRA
We 're puir bit craiturs, Andra, you an' me,
Ye hae a bath in a marble tub, I dook in the sea.
Cafe au lait in a silver joog for breakfast gangs to you ;
I sup my brose wi' a horn spuin, an* eat till I 'm fu*.
An' there 's nae great differ, Andra, hardly ony,
My sky is as clear as yours, an' the cluds are as bonnie ;
I whussle a tune thro' my teeth to mysel' that costs nae money.
384
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
The bobolink pipes in the orchards white, in your hame on the
ither side ;
Gray whaups cry up on oor muir t' me, white seamaws soom on
oor tide.
An organ bums in your marble hall wi' mony a sough an' swell ;
I list to the roar o' the wind an' the sea in the hollow o' a shell.
An' there 's nae great diflPer, Andra— hardly ony ava;
For the measure that throbs thro' eternal things to me is as
braw,
An' it wafts me up to the gate o' Grod to hear His choir ana'.
We 're draiglit bit craiturs, Andra, plowterin' i' the glaur,
Paidlin' ilk in oor ane bit dub, and glowerin' ilk at his star ;
Rakin' up the clert o' the trink till oor Faither airts us hame.
Whiles wi' a strap, whiles wi' a kiss, or carryin' us when we 're
lame.
An' there 's nae great differ, Andra, we 're sib as peas in a cod,
lU-faured weans at the best— the draiglit wi' the snod;
An' we '11 a' get peyed what we 're ocht, Andra, when we gang
hame to God.
What if I win fame of gear, Andra, what if I fail.
Be gleg as a f umart whitrock, or dull as a snail ?
It '11 be a' ane in a hxmder year, whether I sally or slide—
The nicht sits as dark on a brawlin' linn as it broods on a sleepin'
tide.
An' there 's nae great differ, Andra, whether ye bum or bizz;
If no a wheel ye may be a clink — if we canna pull, we can
bruiz;
We maim tak' the world as we find it, lad, an' content wi' 't as
it is.
R.C.
That is the philosophy of a working-man who is a
poet. Now, I will read you my reply. I happened to
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
see these verses accidentally in a paper, and I wrote a
letter to the editor.
Dear Sir:
Please tell "R. C/' that I have greatly enjoyed his
verses. He is both philosopher and poet, but he can
not know, as I do, how trifling are the advantages of
wealth. He has to imagine one side. I have lived
both, and have learned that
If happiness has not its seat
And center in the breast.
We may be wise, or rich, or great,
But never can be blessed.
Beyond a competence for old age, and that need not
be great, and may be very small, wealth lessens rather
than increases human happiness. Millionaires who
laugh are rare. This is just as it should be, and "R. C."
has done a bit of good work (better than most sermons)
in putting a great truth so vividly before us.
I hope he has more of such ore to smelt.
Yours truly,
Andrew Carnegie
[Applause']
I wished you to know that the race of poets is not ex-
tinct yet in Scotland. There is a touch of Burns in
this. Now, ladies and gentlemen, I have only to say
farewell for the present, and yet I realize that there is
no farewell to scenes like these. They linger in the
memory. We shall travel far, Mrs. Carnegie and I,
386
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
and we shall meet with many people, but be assured
of this, there is always a warm spot in our hearts for the
dear old city of Pittsburgh, which we never can forget.
[Applause'\
TOASTMASTER REED
We are honored to-night by the presence of Baron des
Planches, the ambassador from Italy to the United
States, and Dean of the Diplomatic Corps at Wash-
ington, who has traveled from Washington expressly
to attend this banquet, and to express his opinions of
triumphant democracy as exemplified by Andrew
Carnegie.
BARON EDMONDO MAYOR DES PLANCHES
I WILL not deliver a speech. I will only say a few
words in my capacity of representative of Italy, of
whom our very honored host, Mr. Andrew Carnegie,
appreciates the arts and the beauties, and in my capa-
city, also, of Dean of the Diplomatic Corps, by which
I feel authorized to express to him the universal ad-
miration for the liberalities and benefactions which
render his name celebrated in all the world, and will
render it celebrated in all ages.
A French author wrote, some seventy years ago, that
social democracy does not develop wealthy and in-
fluential citizens; that personal influence and wealth
387
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
are only the prerogative of aristocratic countries. The
United States, as a large human community, and An-
drew Carnegie, among others, as an individuality,
have demonstrated the error of that assertion. Some
moralists object to the accumulation of wealth; An-
drew Carnegie has effectively demonstrated that
wealth may be eminently moral, and, when it is placed
at the service of a bright mind and of a kind heart, is a
benefit for humanity.
Personally, I thank Mr. Carnegie for the occasion he
has offered me by his courteous invitation to live some
days in his delightful company. Yes, sir ; I am not only
your guest since yesterday, here, in your own good city
of Pittsburgh, as affectionately you called her some-
where; I am your guest since many days, and in debt to
you for many pleasant hours. Owing to my intention
to be present at these gatherings, at the solemn meet-
ings, at this apotheosis, I was anxious to read and re-
read your books, in which you have put so large a
part of yourself. I traveled with you "Around the
World"; I listened to your "Gospel of Wealth'*; I vis-
ited with you the "Empire of Business" ; I accompanied
you and the gay charioteers from Brighton to Inverness,
in your very interesting trip in "Four-in-hand through
Britain" ; I was, with you, astonished at the progress of
the "Triumphant American Democracy," a book which
I considered one of the best, most efficient, most com-
plete, ever written on this country, comparable with the
"Democratic en Amerique" of De Tocqueville and
"The American Commonwealth" of my dear colleague,
388
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
the Hon. James Bryce. Let me object to an emblem
of the j&rst edition of this last book of yours, the bind-
ing of which was decorated with a broken scepter and
an overturned crown. There are thoroughly monarchic
nations, free and happy, and kings — I know one of
them — as wise and liberal and broad-minded, as the
best president in the best republic. [Great applause']
Before reading your books, I was acquainted with
you as every one is : I knew you as a man of strong and
good will, of high intelligence, of noble character, of
powerful means; as a magician who once transformed
iron into gold, and now transforms gold into science,
into art, into education, into welfare, into heroism, into
other people's happiness; as a great benefactor of
humanity; as an apostle of peace. [Applause] But
there are sides of your mind and of your character I did
not know. I discovered with utmost pleasure your con-
soling philosophy: '^Whatever is, is right." I discov-
ered that you doubt the existence of enemies — ^you
happy man! — being yourself the enemy of none.
[Laughter and applause] I read this delicious sen-
tence, and so true: "The happiness of giving happi-
ness is far sweeter than the pleasure direct.'* I was
deeply impressed by your love for your mother, your
"Queen Dowager," your "Favorite Heroine," and you
gave me a new evidence of a principle of mine : "In the
destiny of every great man, seek the mother." [Ap*
plause] You are a poet by the soul, and you are an
orator, because you describe the feelings of the orator
in the precious moment which tells him that the audi-
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
ence is his own, as a man who knows that supreme mo-
ment of life.
Besides all this, you are a modest man- You could
pretend to be one of the first in every human aristocracy
— I take the word in the ancient Greek meaning; yet
you are the most zealous and fervent in promoting
equality among men. You despise conventional su-
periority and are proud to be the equal of all. For all
those reasons you deserve the admiration, the bless-
ings, and the love of the world. I convey to you here
the expression of such feelings, on behalf of Italy,
and, I may say, of foreign countries. And you know
that the judgment of those beyond the frontiers is the
anticipation of the judgment of after life. May this
life be long and happy for you, for your family, for the
citizens of your country, for mankindL We enjoy
seeing you so young, so active, so interested in well-
doing, and we hope — I specify my wish — that you may
add many chapters to your master work, in honor of
this republic, this really "Triumphant Democracy."
[Great applause]
TOASTMASTER REED
Germany has given us a fresh evidence of friendship
in its delegation which came across the ocean to at-
tend this celebration. And one of the prominent
members of that delegation, of whom I may say to
you, the members of the Conunittee have learned to
390
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
think a great deal for the good-natured way in which
he has met us in all our efforts, is his Excellency Gen-
eral von Loewenfeld. I am going to ask him to say
a few words, and I am going to give him a sentiment,
which he probably will not follow as a text, but
which I have taken from the writings of one of the
great German statesmen: "Germans fear God and
nothing else in the world, and the fear of God leads
us to cherish peace/'
GENERAL VON LOEWENFELD
Mr. President^ Mr. Chairman^ Mr. l^oastmaster^
Ladies^ and Gentlemen:
Speaking in a foreign language, and being no lin-
guist, I am somewhat handicapped. To tell the truth,
I am rather doubtful if I shall be able to express all that
my heart feels on this occasion. Of course, my German
friends and I are inunensely flattered by the distin-
guished invitation to assist at the dedication of the new
buildings of the Carnegie Institute. Two years ago
the Emperor sent me to deliver to the people of the
United States the statue of King Frederick the Great
at Washington ; [Applause"] so I dare say I am a little
more accustomed to American habits than our gracious
host conceded yesterday. In remembrance of my first
visit to this hospitable soil, I looked forward with the
greatest pleasure to this trip, and to my second meeting
with my good old American friends who, in 1904, did
391
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
everything possible to make me feel at home. My ex-
pectations of their cordial hospitality have been more
than realized. The marked attention of the United
States government in attaching Grcncral Duvall as my
personal escort during my stay here, has not only facil-
itated my official functions, but has also given me the
welcomed opportunity of renewing an old friendship.
[Applausell My gratitude, and that of my German
colleagues, has grown deeper through the appreciative
remarks made by your mayor, Mr. Guthrie, yesterday,
concerning the policy of King Frederick the Great to
the young republic of the United States, and still more
by the sympathetic words that Mr. Carnegie kindly ut-
tered' yesterday respecting Germany and our beloved
Emperor. [Applause']
I take this opportunity, Mr. President, to repeat once
more the heartfelt greetings the Emperor charged me
with in the last audience, when I took leave of him on
the day before sailing. The Kaiser sends his compli-
ments to you and to your associates, and wishes the
greatest success to your Institute, and, to emphasize his
appreciation of your aspirations and ambitions, he
entrusted us to deliver to the trustees a collection of the
latest scientific publications of our government, both
civil and military. [Applause]
During my stay in this country I have gotten the
impression that in America the people were very quick
to understand and appreciate the Kaiser's personality
early in his career, and also his loyal intentions toward
the whole world. [Applause and cries of ^'Hear^ hear^^
392
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
and '*Tou are right T^ The Emperor's opinion is that
the nations should not only trade with each other in
commerce, but should also trade in ideas concerning the
progress of civilization. [Applause^ A constant intel-
lectual intercourse would certainly not prevent all fric-
tions and collisions, but it would tend to improve mat-
ters and help to avoid awkward misunderstandings,
and will be an excellent agent in furthering the interest
of general peace. The man who was the first in this
country to show a clear understanding of the impor-
tance of this intellectual exchange was your President.
Mr. Roosevelt proved this by the sympathy and aid he
gave in the exchange of American and German profes-
sors. [Applause^
And, by the way, Mr. Carnegie, it might be fitting
for me to call your attention to a fact sometimes over-
looked that the nations which possess the greatest mili-
tary institutions have so infrequently availed them-
selves of the mighty power which such armaments place
in their hands. For thirty-six years it has been the good
fortune of Germany to be involved only in unimpor-
tant expeditions. For instance, the Chinese expedition,
when the United States troops were fighting shoulder
to shoulder with European soldiers for the protection
of civilization and Christianity. [Applause'] But none
of those expeditions could justly be dignified with the
name of war.
In conclusion, let me repeat that my German friends
and I do not know how we shall ever repay our indebt-
edness ; but we shall do all in our power to support and
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MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
promote the high ideals which are illustrated by the
Carnegie Institute. [Great applause^ Ladies and
gentlemen, I thank you for your kind attention.
TOASTMASTER REED
We all know that Scotland annexed England some
three hundred years ago. While the English have
written the histories of England, and of course col-
ored the facts to suit themselves, [Laugkter'l yet the
real students of history who have read between the
lines know perfectly well that Scotland took posses-
sion of England and has controlled it more or less
ever since — with occasional help from Ireland.
[Laughter^ You have heard from one of the domi-
nant race to-night, and I am going to ask another of
the dominant race to say a few words. Sir Robert
Cranston, ex-Lord Provost of Edinburgh, will tell
us what Mr. Carnegie has done for Scotland. I know
he can not tell us all, because there would not be
time enough to-night; but he will give us some of
the things which Mr. Carnegie has done.
SIR ROBERT CRANSTON
Mr. President^ Ladies^ and Gentlemen:
I hope I shall not be thought egotistical when I say I
am very proud to be present to-night. I am Scotch, and
I do not think I am going beyond my province in saying
394
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
that Scotland feels very proud of Andrew Carnegie.
[Applause^ I take away the "Mr.," I take away the
"Dr." ; for I think the greatest compliment that can be
paid to a man is that he shall be called by his name,
Andrew Carnegie, which is a household word over the
whole of Scotland, and rightly so. [Applause'] I do
not know what to say. I am the guest of Dr. Carnegie
and this kind Institute. Will you permit me, on behalf
of Scotchmen throughout the world, to tender to the
Institute and to Dr. Carnegie the warmest and best
thanks for the honor he has done to Scotland by asking
me to be here this evening. I could not come when I
was Lord Provost, but the moment that my office had
ceased to exist I was glad, I assure you frankly, to ac-
cept the kind invitation, and feel highly honored in
being asked to Pittsburgh. I have no right to speak on
behalf of his Majesty, although for many years his
representative, yet I am sure there is no man to-night
more proud of a boy born in Scotland than Edward,
King of Great Britain, is of Andrew Carnegie. [Ap-
plause'] The king is one of the kindest and best-
hearted of men, and, I thank God, he makes no differ-
ence between peer and peasant. He respects them all
over, he aids them wherever he can, and I am sure to-
night, that if words could convey to him this banquet
given in honor of Andrew Carnegie, he would feel more
proud than ever that he is King of Great Britain, and
that Andrew Carnegie at least had the honor of being
bom under his government.
Speaking on behalf of my own country which I have
395
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
some right to represent, seeing I was elected by them,
there is no name to-night in Scotland more respected
or more beloved for what he has done for Scotland than
the name of Carnegie. Ladies and gentlemen, when I
tell you that your grand Pittsburgh man has spent
$15,0CX),0CX), or 3,0CX),CXX) pounds sterling, upon giv-
ing education to the people of Scotland I need say no
word more. [Applause'] I had the honor to be one of
his trustees for some three years, and the sum of 49,0CX}
pounds sterling was spent yearly in doing, what^ In
aiding those who were unable to pay their fees in uni-
versities, and in giving the children of the working-
man power to reach the higher point, if possible. And,
although some remarks have been passed, allow me to
assure you as a trustee, that there has been no money
spent wrongfully. And he has done a great good to
Scotland which no man can ever tell. [Applause]
Then he has spoken about peace. I will cover up
what decorations and honors I have received as a sol-
dier, but I know no man who would draw the sword
quicker than Andrew Carnegie for the freedom and
liberty of his country. [Applause]
Mr. Carnegie : "That is correct."
It is the duty of every soldier, a right and a priv-
ilege; [Applause] and Scotland — thank God for the
honor — has been allied in all the past with France,
which I am as proud to acknowledge as any man could
possibly be. France and Scotland have stood hand
in hand, heart by heart, for freedom and liberty in civil
and religious matters. I know no man that would draw
396
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
the sword more readily than Andrew Carnegie in de-
fense of freedom and liberty of his civil and religious
rights. That is no law, that is the right of every man,
the duty of every man, to protect his home and his coun-
try to the last drop of blood that remains in his body.
I do thank you very sincerely for your kind invita-
tion, and permit me to present to you from your many,
many friends in Scotland our best, our kindest, our
most heartfelt wishes for your long life and prosperity.
You deserve it, for you have done what Burns has said
is the noblest thing on earth. [Applause^
TOASTMASTER REED
I have pressed into the service one more orator, and I
am going to ask a representative of that strange land
of contrasts, Holland, to say a word or two to-night;
and I think he ought to, because one of Mr. Car-
negie's numerous shafts has descended upon that
country in the shape of a temple of peace. You all
know the gentleman, all the English-reading world
knows him, and I do not want to take time to say
more than to present to you Mr. van der Poorten-
Schwartz, better known as Maarten Maartens.
MAARTEN MAARTENS
Mr. Chairman^ Mr. Carnegie^ Ladies^ and Gentlemen:
Your toastmaster most courteously commands me ta
say a few words. I am not going to make a speech. If
397
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
he will allow me to quote him, "I *m in a hurry; you Vc
in a hurry; where 's my hat?" [Laughter] And when
I get up to make a speech like this, if I may quote him
again, "I don't know where I 'm going; you don't know
where I am going; it 's very late. Somebody has eaten
my tag." [Laughter] I have not a long speech in my
pocket, but there are a few words I really would like to
say now that, for the first and possibly for the last time,
I am able to speak them in this so strangely foreign, so
swiftly familiar country, which has been so exceed-
ingly, so swiftly friendly tome, and to many other guests.
I am not going to give you any lengthy impressions
of America. It is too late for that. It is too late in two
respects for that. I gave them all to the reporters who
asked me for them as I came over the gangway off the
steamer at New York. [Laughter] But I was then not
yet able to express my gratitude and my appreciation
of the splendid reception we have had here, and I am
especially glad to say a few words to the Mayor of this
city, who spoke yesterday far too kindly, and yet so
justly sympathetic, words of welcome. I have ever
been proud — as who would not be? — of my country
and my blood, but I have never been so consciously and
rationally proud as in this last week since I landed in
America. It is doubtless true, as Monsieur Paul
Doimier so eloquently told us yesterday, that the Amer-
icans are the children of Europe. The greater part of
Europe — I don't suppose you want to bring in Turkey
— is their mother, or mothers, a sort of European harem
of mothers. [Laughter] But, if so, then my little coun-
398
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
try, with its big history of ideals, must be the grand-
mother; and very kind you are in the memory of the
dear old lady. For it is true, as you so generously tell
us, that northern America, as a white state, begins with
the Dutch settlements. At two supreme stages of your
country's history, its birth and its majority, you were
closely allied with us. Your very name, "The United
States," is ours, and we proudly remember that we were
first to recognize in your Star Spangled Banner a new
flag of liberty. {Applausel^ In New York, at any rate,
these things are remembered. As I told some of my
friends there on leaving, you say that the population of
New York is a mixed race. Surely that is a mistake.
With the exception of the foreign servants, everybody
I 've spoken to has told me he has Dutch blood in his
veins. ILaughter^
But here in Pittsburgh, if you will spare me just
one moment more, I have more serious things to say.
Within five minutes after I had entered the magnificent
building over yonder, a kindly intuition drew me to-
ward the impressive presentation of labor which your
eminent American artist, Mr. Alexander, has immortal-
ized upon its walls. To me, ladies and gentlemen, it
seems as if the whole story of the founder's work is
written there. Mr. Carnegie said yesterday that he
did n't know whether the building belonged to him; he
did n't even know whether he had a bond less. Indeed,
I can tell him that he has many bonds more. To him it
has been given, not to etherealize labor, not to emas-
culate it, but to take it up and to infuse into it his own
399
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
life of imagination and love. [Applause] Many an
honorary title has been given him. I should like to say,
— the word is n't a good one, but it will serve until you
give me a better — I should like to say that he has poet-
ized work. You all know the story of the painter who
was asked with what he mixed his colors, and he an-
swered that he mixed them with brains. Well, I think
Mr. Carnegie has mixed human labor with that highest
gift of the gods, imagination. He has taken the glass
of pure water — ^no, not pure, for it is stained with
himian sweat and material dregs — ^and suffused it with
the red glow of the poet's and the painter's wine from
heaven. [Applause'] He has shown us as we have
never quite been shown before the light there is behind
the dull, dead dollar. Oh, I know there is many a Mae-
cenas in our countries, but a Maecenas separates the
powers which this man has combined. We foreign
guests who have enjoyed this splendid hospitality, who
have come here as witnesses of what one great man has
achieved, — we foreign guests can carry away with us
this lesson from Pittsburgh, that no work is a drudgery
unless we make it so. The cloud we have seen hang
over your city is gilded with the golden glow of en-
nobled and ennobling wealth. The man who built the
Carnegie Technical Schools and the Carnegie Hall of
Music is teaching us the deepest meaning of that won-
drously blended, divinely philosophic utterance, "Man
shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of
imagination, love and duty that proceeds from the soul
of God." [Great applause]
400
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
TOASTMASTER REED
And now I have a little surprise for Mr. Carnegie. I
will next introduce William Archer, the eminent
English dramatic critic, who has kindly consented to
read a Scotch poem of which he is the author, and
which is eminently appropriate to this occasion.
THE SCOTTISH GUESTS TO
ANDREW CARNEGIE
BY
WILLIAM ARCHER
Man Andra, wi' the guid Scots face ;
Man Andra, wi' the auld Scots name,
We Scots, to this f ar-sinder'd place,
Bring ye kind greeting's ower the f aim.
Auld Scotland lo'es ye fine, ye ken,
Her wanderin' son, yet leal an' true ;
On her lang roll o' guid, great men,
Tho' latest, no the least are you.
It isna for yer siller, man.
It isna for yer guids an' gear,
Nor yet for yer aye open han',
Yer native country hands ye dear.
Siller, nae doot, 's a bonny thing.
An' gifts — sic gifts as yours — are braw ;
But greater than the gifts ye bring
Is the great heart ahint them a*.
401
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
Ithers smelt ore to steel, an' steel
To gowd — tho' ye were grand at baith ;
But Scotland kens that ye 're the chiel
For smeltin' gowd to love an' faith :
Love for yer neebor, near or far;
Faith in the future, great an' free ;
Hatred for nocht, save bluid-red war,
An' ignorance, an' cruelty.
A king o' steel they ca' ye, man !
In palaces kings cower an' hide.
Your palaces, f rae Ian' to Ian',
To a' folk throw their portals wide.
Here, on Monongahela's shore,
A kingly palace ye ' ve decreed.
We bring it brither-blessing's o'er
Frae Forth an' Clyde, f rae Tay an' Tweed ;
But chiefly frae Dumf arlane toon,
Yer mither-toon that lo'es ye weel,
We hail this latest, greatest boon
To Pittsburgh frae her king o' steel.
An' here to you, great man, guid freen',
We drink a health, wi' three times three.
Lang life to you, to wife an' wean,
An' blessin's frae humanity.
402
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
TOASTMASTER REED
And now I want to return the thanks of the trustees to
our guests who have done so much to make a success
of these functions. Your cordial cooperation, and
your good-natured acceptance of things as they have
happened, has been greatly appreciated by the trus-
tees, and with this I will say to you good night.
Mr. Carnegie then extended his hands on either side
of him catching hands with his neighbors, and com-
menced to sing: "Should auld acquaintance be forgot."
The banqueters joined heartily in the song, and thus
brought the evening's entertainment with great good
fellowship to an enthusiastic conclusion.
\^(^m®m
403
7WV
Tvyy
SATURDAY MORNING
ATURDAY morning was the day set apart on
the official program for the ceremony of
conferring honorary degrees upon the
European guests under the auspices of the
Western University of Pennsylvania, an
institution venerable in this country by reason of its
charter which, issued in 1787, makes it, with one excep-
tion, the oldest institution of learning on the continent
west of the Appalachian ranges.
As soon as the doors were opened a large throng of
interested people began to fill the Hall of Music. The
students from the University, who had for some mo-
ments been making the foyer and corridors ring with
their college cheers, marched to the second balcony, and
took the seats assigned to them, where their presence
was quickly indicated to the audience by their rhyth-
mical applause, punctuated once or twice by the college
yell, their by-play being much enjoyed by those who
were seated in other parts of the house.
405
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
The trustees of the Western University of Pennsyl-
vania led by their president, Mr. Alexander Dempster,
and the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, the faculties
of the University and of the Carnegie Technical
Schools, together with representatives of other institu-
tions of learning and the invited American guests, took
their places upon the platform, and were quickly fol-
lowed by the distinguished foreign guests, the brilliant
colors of the academic costumes, as on previous days,
presenting a most attractive spectacle.
Just before the moment of assembling on the plat-
form, the trustees had learned of the intention of one
of the Grerman representatives to present to the Car-
negie Institute on behalf of his Majesty, the German
Emperor, a collection of gifts comprising books, photo-
graphs, and other important objects; at the same time
Mr. Carnegie had indicated his desire to present to the
people of Germany and of France replicas of the great
Diplodocus, similar to that which had been given to the
British Museum for the people of England. This
pleasing episode caused a slight postponement in the
regular order of the program. When all had been
seated and the strains of the organ had died away, Mr.
S. H. Church advanced and said :
'In the unavoidable absence of our president, Mr.
Frew, and of our vice-president, Mr. Pitcaim, my asso-
ciates have asked me to preside for a few moments in
connection with an incident which has not been set
down on the program which is in your hands. Our great
celebration will come to a close this morning. I am
406
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
sure it has been successful. The splendid building
which has grown up here in these past years has now
been opened to the world, and all its manifold trea-
sures belong to the people. It has been an occasion of
great joy — of very great distinction. The accomp-
plished men, the charming women, who have come
here from other lands to meet under our roof with
those who have won distinction in our own country,
have given this celebration a renown which can never
perish. [Applause'] They have all bound themselves
to Pittsburgh by permanent ties of esteem. I am sure
they will never forget us, and I know well that we can
never forget them. You have all seen those wonderful
mural paintings by John W. Alexander in the next hall
— ^paintings that teem with all the energy and sweat
and welter of labor, as we know it in the workshops of
Pittsburgh, and out of all that riot of toil you see rising
on the higher panels creations which represent the pur-
pose and fruition of labor — Pittsburgh in its intellec-
tual splendor, with figures coming from all directions
— they must be angels, because they are women —
.[Laughter and applause] bringing rich gifts to Pitts-
burgh. This painting is really emblematic of our dedi-
cation. Men and women have come from all over the
world, every one of them bringing a rich gift, for the
richest gift of all is their personal attendance. [Ap-
plause] But other gifts have come to the Institute.
Mr. Paul Doumer, distinguished in the statesmanship
of France, has sent books to the Library. [Applause]
Our English friends have left similar memorials of
407
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
their good-will. \_Applause'] And now, that good
friend of America, his Majesty, the German Emperor,
[Applause'] directs his Minister of State, Mr. von
Moeller, to convey a gift from his Majesty. I have the
honor, therefore, to present to you his Excellency Mr.
von Mceller."
Mr. von Moeller said :
''Mr. Churchy and Ladies and Gentlemen: I am
directed by his Majesty, the Emperor, to deliver to the
trustees of the Carnegie Institute various books con-
taining official publications issued by the German gov-
ernment, photographs of important buildings and
statues, and other objects named in the following list,
which I beg you to accept with the compliments of his
Majesty, the Emperor."
The list of the gifts presented through Mr. von
Moeller is published as Appendix A.
Mr. Church: "Your Excellency, on behalf of the
Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, I grate-
fully accept the generous and rich gifts which you have
just presented from his Majesty, the German Emperor,
and I beg you to assure your august master that this
token of his Majesty's kind forethought and courtesy
will ever be preserved as one of the treasures of the
Institute."
Turning to the audience, Mr. Church continued :
"Mr. Carnegie, who left Pittsburgh this morning for
New York, has already been apprised of these gifts,
408
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
which have come to us from Germany and from France,
and he is very desirous to make a reciprocal little gift
— little in one way, but very, very big in another, as
you will now learn from Dr. W. J. Holland, who will
make the presentation in Mr. Carnegie's name.'*
Dr. W. J. Holland, the Director of the Museum,
arose, and, addressing his Excellency Mr. Theodor von
Moeller, Minister of State of Germany, and the repre-
sentatives from France, at the head of whom stood
Monsieur Paul Doumer, said :
"Your Excellency, I am requested by Mr. Andrew
Carnegie, as his personal representative, and for him-
self individually, to tender through you and your asso-
ciates as a gift from himself, a replica of the skeleton
of the colossal Diplodocus which was discovered in the
mountains of Wyoming a number of years ago, the re-
plica being similar to the one which he had the pleasure
of presenting to the British Museum in the spring of
the year 1905, at the instance of his Majesty, King
Edward VII, of England. I am commissioned to say
that this offer, which Mr. Carnegie makes, is a slight
token of his appreciation of the interest which your
august master, the German Emperor, has shown upon
the present occasion, and his great kindne s in permit-
ting so many of the distinguished men of the empire
over which he rules with such signal wisdom, to par-
ticipate with us in the pleasures of these dedicatory ex-
ercises."
Then, turning to the French delegates. Dr. Holland
said:
409
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
"And likewise to you, Monsieur Doumer, and to
your associates, I am authorized by Mr. Carnegie to
make the tender of a like gift to the President of the
Republic of France, to be installed as may seem best to
the authorities of the republic, in whatever museum
may be designated^ — possibly the Musee d'Histoire Na-
turelle in the Jardin des Plantes. But all details in
reference to the form of installation of the gift tendered
to you, the distinguished representatives of Germany
and France, will be left to future correspondence with
myself as the Director of the Carnegie Museum.
"To you, gentlemen of the Republic of France, Mr.
Carnegie desires me to express, as I have already done
to the gentlemen who represent in our midst German
culture and achievement, his sincere appreciation of
your kindness in honoring us by your presence ; and you
will accept his proffered gift as a slight token of the
gratitude which he sincerely cherishes on the present
occasion."
M. Paul Doumer expressed the grateful thanks of
the French government and people for the most inter-
esting gift which Mr. Carnegie had presented.
Mr. Church then said: "The telegraph acts very
quickly. The keen interest which his Majesty, the
German Emperor, has taken in our celebration is shown
by the fact that a cablegram has this instant been re-
ceived by his Majesty's representative. General von
Loewenfeld, and as Mr. Carnegie told me last night
that I might have full control of his correspondence to-
day, I give General von Loewenfeld permission from
410
II
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Mr. Carnegie to communicate this despatch to you, in
case he thinks proper to do so."
There was great applause at this remark, indicating
the very lively interest with which the audience was
following the incident. General von Loewenf eld then
stepped forward and read the following telegram :
Berlin, 13 April, 07
Carnegie Institute, for General Loewenfeld,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sprechen Sie Mr. Carnegie f lir seine Darbietung die ich
gerne annehmen will und fiir die mir durch das Ge-
schenk erwiesene Aufmerksamkeit meinen warmsten
Dank aus.
WiLHELM
translation
Berlin, April 13, 1907
Carnegie Institute, for General Loewenfeld,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Please express to Mr. Carnegie my warmest thanks
for his offer, which I am happy to accept, and also for
the attention to me shown by his gift.
William
Mr. Church : "It is with very full hearts that we, of
this Board of Trustees, the whole thirty-six of whom
have worked so hard — or at least thirty-five have —
[Laughter] to arrange this important celebration, find
411
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
that our labors are drawing rapidly to an end. It makes
one wish for that situation which is described in Tenny-
son's 'Lotus-Eaters/
In the af teraoon they came unto a land
In which it seemed always afternoon.
"Would that it might always be afternoon here —
that you in front of us, and these famous men on the
platform, and these charming women in the boxes who
have crossed the seas with them, might linger on here
in a perpetual afternoon ! But the program — ^we must
no longer invade the fixed order of that! I therefore
hand over the control of this platform to Chancellor
Samuel Black McCormick, of the Western University
of Pennsylvania." To Dr. McCormick: "Dr. Mc-
Cormick, will you now take charge of it?" \_Great ap-
plausell
Dr. McCormick: 'It is a distinguished privilege
which is mine to-day, to have a part, as the head of our
University, in welcoming you, the guests from abroad,
as well as from at home, to the exercises of this hour.
The cegion where we meet to-day is historic ground. It
was once the battle-field whereon nations contended to-
gether for world-supremacy. It was the French people
who first brought to the place where we now are the
light of civilization. The sway of the French yielded
to that of Great Britain, and this, in the course of time,
passed over into the hands of a new nation, a composite
people in whose veins flows the rich blood of Grermany,
of France, of Holland, and of Great Britain, producing
412
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
in the free, pure air of this broad land a race hardy and
vigorous, worthy to be heirs of what was best and finest
in the splendid and glorious peoples from whom we
have sprung.
"In 1787, the year of the constitutional convention
out of which was bom the fundamental law of our na-
tion, the Western University of Pennsylvania was
brought into existence by the Commonwealth of Penn-
sylvania. From that time on, now 120 years, it has
done its work modestly, quietly, thoroughly. It has
sent into the professional and business world over 25CX}
men, of whom many achieved national and some world-
wide eminence. From time to time it has conferred
upon distinguished men honorary degrees — one of the
earliest upon that man, Pittsburgh's great and illus-
trious son, whose splendid munificence has created the
institution, the dedication of whose building has gath-
ered from the four quarters of the world the notable
men in whose honor we hold the exercises of this hour.
"It is fitting that Pittsburgh's University should
honor itself, and honor this great institution whose
guests we all are proud to be to-day, and honor these
distinguished men who have come across the sea to
grace these exercises of dedication by their illustrious
presence, by conferring upon them degrees of high char-
acter, in testimony of our appreciation of their merits
and attainments.
"Nothing we can do here to-day, no honor we can
confer, can add to the glory of their achievements, or to
the splendid luster of their fame throughout the world;
413
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
but we can show that here, in this city, where indus-
trialism has achieved its most marvelous triumphs, and
has reared for the future its most enduring monu-
ments, marking Pittsburgh as the greatest center of ap-
plied science, in its every form, in all the world, there is
also high appreciation of learning, of scientific attain-
ment, and of personal merit. It is fitting that, here, in
this place, the University which stands for education
and cultuf e, which stands for intellectual and spiritual
values, which, in the very midst of the most stupendous
aggregation of material riches the world has ever
known, proclaims its conviction that, after all, culture
and character are things of more enduring and im-
perishable worth, should confer these insignia upon
those distinguished sons of the great nations beyond
the seas.
"The University especially values this privilege at
this time, as it stands on the eve of its own new and
splendid development, all its departments soon, we
hope, to be gathered upon one campus ; as it looks for-
ward into the not distant future when new buildings
will begin to rear themselves in splendid form, to be-
come the beautiful material manifestation of the spir-
itual entity which is the real University; as it stands in
its 120th year, with its seven great departments. Col-
lege, Engineering, Observatory, Medicine, Law, Den-
tistry and Pharmacy, with its 150 instructors, its 965
students, its seven buildings, its $i,250,CX)0 of property
and endowment, and expects these in time to be in-
creased and multiplied — as the Western University,
414
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
proud of its history in the past, and splendidly confi-
dent of a still more glorious future, stands here to-day,
she deems it a peculiar privilege to join the Carnegie
Institute in honoring the great men from other lands
present with us to-day.
"It is equally appropriate that Dr. William J. Hol-
land, formerly the honored Chancellor of this Uni-
versity, now Director of this Museum, whose scientific
attainments have carried his name to the far parts of
the earth, and who enjoys the personal acquaintance
of several of the men who are to be honored to-day,
should present them at this time. This he will now
proceed to do."
Dr. Holland, on behalf of the faculty and trustees,
introduced the candidates, and as they arose, one by
one. Chancellor McCormick in time-honored Latin
phrase conferred upon them their degrees and they
were forthwith invested by the waiting attendants with
the academic hoods emblemizing their academic rank.
The brief introductions made by Dr. Holland were as
follows :
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Laws Sir Robert Stawell Ball, Fellow of
the Royal Society, Lowndean Professor of Astronomy
and Geometry at Cambridge, Director of the Cam-
bridge Observatory, whose exact work in astronomy
has been of the highest order, who has the great gift of
415
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
popularizing the knowledge of his favorite science, and
who has also distinguished himself in other fields of re-
search, having been at one time President of the Royal
Zoological Society of Ireland. In honoring him the
University honors itself. [Applause'l
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I present for the degree of Doctor of Laws
Monsieur Paul Doumer, one of the most famous of
living Frenchmen, who, in his youth, by his own un-
aided efforts, attained learning and distinction, rapidly
rose to leadership in political circles, has twice served
as President of the Chamber of Deputies, gained dis-
tinction as Governor-General of French Indo-China by
his remarkably successful administration of the affairs
of that vast colony covering a period of six years, a suc-
cessful author, and one of the most influential leaders
of political thought in France. [Applause]
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I desire to present for the degree of Doctor of
Laws Paul Henri Benjamin Balluet d'Estour-
NELLES, Baron de Constant de Rebecque, once a
member of the French Chamber, now Senator for
Sarthe, a most distinguished publicist, and one of the
most eloquent and potent advocates of universal peace,
permanent member of The Hague Tribunal of Arbi-
tration, a man who has distinguished himself as a
416
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
diplomat and as an author. In his absence the degree
will be received for him by his friend Monsieur Paul
Doumer. [^Applause'\
Mr. Chancellor:
It gives me real pleasure to present for the degree of
Doctor of Laws Sir Robert Cranston, Knight Com-
mander of the Victorian Order, ex-Lord Provost of the
City of Edinburgh, a man who, in early life, achieved
distinguished success in mercantile pursuits; who,
during his tenure of office as the chief executive of the
capital city of Scotland, introduced many valuable
administrative reforms; and whose distinguished ser-
vices to his country in connection with the war in
Egypt against the Mahdi, and during the recent war
in South Africa, proved him to be a genuine Scotch
patriot. [Applause']
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Laws Sir Edward Elgar, Knight, Doctor
of Music of the Universities of Cambridge, Oxford,
and Yale, Professor of Music in the University of Bir-
mingham, a man from whose brain, attuned to sweet
harmonies, have emanated some of the very choicest
compositions which have delighted the ears of men io
recent years, a prince among musical composers.
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree
417
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
of Doctor of Laws Heir Ernst von Ihne, Chief
Architect of the German Emperor, the architect of the
Kaiser Friedrich Museum, of the castle built by her
late Majesty the Empress Frederick, of the country
seat Hemmelmarck belonging to Prince Henry, and
of the State Library now in process of construction,
beside a multitude of other noble buildings ; one of the
most distinguished of living European architects.
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Laws, Doctor Rein hold Koser, Doctor of
Philosophy, Privy Councilor, Director-in-Chief of the
Prussian State Archives, member of the Royal Acad-
emy of Sciences of Berlin, author of a biography of
Frederick the Great, editor of the "Politische Corres-
pondenz Friedrichs des Grossen," in thirty-one vol-
umes. President of the Central Direction of "Monu-
menta Germanica Historica"; one of the most distin-
guished historians of modem Germany.
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Laws his Excellency Lieutenant-General Al-
fred F. J. L. VON Loewenfeld, Adjutant-General of
his Majesty the German Emperor, who has held many
most distinguished military positions, and stands in
close personal and confidential relations to his
Majesty.
418
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Laws Dn Peter Chalmers Mitchell, Doctor
of Science of the University of Oxford, Fellow of the
Royal Society, the Secretary of the Zoological Society
of London, whose researches in avian and mammalian
anatomy have won him distinction, under whose ad-
ministration the famous Zoological Society of London,
one of the greatest institutions of its kind in the world,
the past record of which has been glorious, promises to
achieve a record even more glorious.
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Laws his Excellency Theodor von Mcel-
LER, of Berlin, Minister of State, who has highly dis-
tinguished himself in political life, and especially by
his generous efforts to secure the amelioration of the
social condition of the working-classes in the German
empire; one of the most famous of living German
statesmen.
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Laws Sir William Henry Preece, Knight
Commander of the Order of the Bath, Fellow of the
Royal Society, past-President of the Institution of
Civil Engineers in England, formerly Engineer-in-
Chief to the General Postoffice, and Consulting En-
419
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
gineer to the Colonies, who is sometimes styled by
Pittsburghers "the Westinghouse of England"; a m^
whose name is known the wide world over for his dis-
tinguished ability in applying a knowledge of the laws
of nature to the advancement of human welfare.
Mr, Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Laws Professor John Rh^s, Doctor of Letters of
the University of Oxford, Principal of Jesus College,
Oxford, a distinguished Celt, who has made his race
glorious by developing our knowledge concerning their
place in the history of the world.
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Laws the Reverend Ernest Stewart Roberts,
Master of Arts, Master of Gonville and Caius College,
Cambridge, Vice-Chancellor of his University, who, in
addition to having achieved a most distinguished re-
putation as a scholar in one of the most difficult depart-
ments of Greek research, has also become an authority
of international repute in all matters touching the ad-
ministration of the internal affairs of universities and
kindred institutions.
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Laws John Ross, Doctor of Laws of the Uni-
versity of St. Andrews, member of the Senate of that
University, who has devoted his life to the welfare of
420
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
the city of Dunfermline, the birthplace of the generous
founder of the Carnegie Institute in Pittsburgh.
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Laws Professor Fritz Schaper, Chancellor
of the Order of Merit for Science and Art, member of
the Royal Academy of Arts of Berlin, the author of
many splendid works, among them portrait busts of
many of the most famous men and women of Germany,
the heroic figure of Victory, the figure of Christ in the
new Cathedral at Berlin, and many other works of art
by which he has greatly adorned the German capital.
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor, on behalf of the Faculty and Trus-
tees of the University, to present the name of a gentle-
man whose determination to visit Pittsburgh was
formed too late for the authorities of the University to
communicate with him, but whom they have authorized
me to present to you for the degree of Doctor of Laws
— Colonel GusTAv Dickhuth, Chief of the General
Staff of the Seventeenth Corps d' Armee of the Prussian
army, lecturer on military topics to the princes of the
royal household, and to his Majesty the Emperor.
Mr. Chancellor :
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Letters, Mr. Charles Frederic Moberly Bell,
one of the most distinguished authorities upon the his-
421
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
tory of modem Egypt, the manager of "The
of London, who represents in his person the majesty of
the British press.
Mr. Chancellor :
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Letters L^once Bi^NfeDiTE, the Conservateur
of the Musee du Luxembourg, Paris, President of the
Societe des Peintres Orientalistes Frangais, of the So-
ciete des Peintres Graveurs Frangais, and of numerous
other societies founded for the advancement of art. He
has written many beautiful and important works upon
modem art, and his later years have been consecrated
to the cultivation and upbuilding of the interests of the
great institution over which he presides, and thus of
promoting esthetic culture among the French people.
Mr. Chancellor:
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Letters Mr. Joost Marius Willem van der
PooRTEN-ScHWARTZ, kuown to couutlcss admiring
readers by the easier title of "Maarten Maartens,"
Doctor of Laws of the universities of Utrecht and of
Aberdeen, who is the sole representative here to-day of
that brave little kingdom of Holland, whose descen-
dants in the new world are renewing the world-wide
fame of their ancestors across the seas.
Mr. Chancellor:
I have the honor of presenting for the degree of Doc-
tor of Letters Mr. William Thomas Stead, whose
422
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
name is known wherever the English language is
spoken — and elsewhere — as a prince among journal-
ists, who never has sullied his pen by advocating an
unworthy cause, who comes to us to plead on behalf of
the cause of universal peace.
Mr. Chancellor:
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree
of Doctor of Science Herr Friedrich S. Archenhold,
the Director of the Treptow Observatory, Berlin, who
has, in addition to his labors in the field of exact
science, rendered distinguished services by popular-
izing a knowledge of astronomy among his country-
men.
Mr. Chancellor:
On behalf of the Faculty and Trustees of the Uni-
versity I have the honor of presenting for the degree of
Doctor of Science Monsieur Camille Enlart, Direc-
tor of the Trocadero Museum in Paris, whose know-
ledge of the sciences of archeology and architecture is
illustrated in numerous beautiful and important works
which he has published, and whose professional labors
in various schools in Paris and in the University of
Geneva have kindled great enthusiasm in a large body
of eager and delighted students.
4^3
APPENDIX A
GIFT OF HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY
THE GERMAN EMPEROR
TO THE
TRUSTEES OF THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
MADB APRIL 11, 1907
( By REMtLUTION O? THI BOAKD OF TKIDTIBI OF THI CAKNBCIB INnTrUTE TKANt-
FBKUBO TO THB CUITODT OF THB TRUSTEBl OP THE CARHBCIB
LIBRARY AT PITTSBITRCH.)
I FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
(rEICHSAMT DBS INNERN)
Berichtc iibcr Handel und Industrie.
Zusammengestellt im Reichsamt des Innem. Vols. IV-IX,
1903-1906. 8vo, half calf. Berlin, Carl Heymann.
Internationale Ausstellung in Mailand, 1906. Amt-
lichcr Katalog dcr Dcutschen Abteilung.
8vo, blue linen, pp. 192. Berlin, Georg Stilkc, 1906.
Reichs-Arbcitsblatt.
Herausgegeben vom Kaiserlichen Statistischen Amt, Abteilung
fur Arbeiterstatistik. JahrgJlnge I-IV, 1903-1906. 4to,
half morocco. Berlin, Carl Heymann.
425
APPENDIX A
Amtlichcr Bericht iibcr die WcltausstcUung in Saint
Louis, 1904.
Small folio, linen, pp. 577, profusely illustrated. Berlin,
Reichsdruckerei, 1906.
Geschaftsbericht des Reichs-Vcrsichenings-Amts fur
die Jahre 1894-1905.
4to, half morocco, bound as one volume. Reichsdruckerei,
Berlin, 1894-1905.
Versichenings-Statistik fur 1902-1903 iiber die unter
Reichsauf sicht stehenden Untemehmungen.
Herausgegeben vom Kaiserlichen Aufsichtsamte fur Privat-
versicherung. 2 vols., 4to, half morocco. Berlin, J. Gutten-
tag, 1905-6.
Berichte, Denkschriften, und Verhandlungen des
Fiinften Intemationalen Kongresses fiir Versiche-
rungs-Wissenschaft zu Berlin vom lo. bis 15. Sep-
tember, 1906.
Herausgegeben im Auftrag des Deutschen Vereins fur Ver-
sicherungs-Wisscnschaft von Alfred Manes, Dr. phil. et jur.,
Gcneralsekretar des Vereins, Greschaftsfuhrer des Kongresses.
Vols. I— III, 8vo, half morocco. Berlin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1906.
Guide to the Workmen's Insurance of the German
Empire.
Revised edition brought up to date for the Universal Exposi-
tion at Saint Louis, 1904. Officially compiled by Dr. 2^cher,
Imperial Privy Counsellor. 8vo, paper, pp. 32, 8 tables. Ber-
lin, A. Asher & Co. (Two copies.)
Die Gewinnbeteiligung der Versicherten bei den im
Deutschen Reiche arbeitenden Lebensversicherungs-
Gesellschaften.
426
APPENDIX A
Don V. Interaationalen Kongress fur Vcrsichcrungs-Wisscn-
schaft zu Berlin gewidmet vom Kaiserlichen Aufsichtsamt fur
Privatversichcrung zu Berlin. 8vo, paper, pp. no. Berlin,
Mittler u. Sohn, 1906.
Die gebrauchlichsten Sterblichkcitstaf eln der im Deut-
schen Reiche arbeitendcn Lebensversicherungsunter-
nehmungen.
Heft XI der "VeroflFentlichungen des Deutschen Vereins fur
Versicherungs-Wissenschaft." 8vo, paper, pp. 112. Berlin,
Mittler u. Sohn, Oct., 1906.
Der Begriff der Erwerbsunfahigkeit auf dem Gebiete
des Versicheningswesens.
Im Auftrage des Reichs-Versicherungsamts fur den V. Inter-
nationalen Kongress fur Versicherungs-Wissenschaft und den
IV. Intemationalen Kongress fur Versicherungs-Medizin in
Berlin, 1906, bearbeitet von H. Siefart, Kaiserlichem Regie-
rungsrat und standigem Mitgliede des Reichs-Versicherungs-
amts. Paper, 8vo, pp. 166. Berlin, A. Asher & Co., 1906.
Statistik der Arbeiterversicherung des Deutschen
Reichs fur die Jahre 1885-1904.
Im Auftrage des Reichs-Versicherungsamts fur die Intematio-
nalen Kongresse fur Versicherungswissenschaft und Versiche-
rungsmedizin in Berlin, 1906, bearbeitet von Dr. jur. G. A.
Klein, Kaiserlichem Regierungsrat im Reichs-Versicherungs-
amt. Sonderabdruck. Paper, small folio, pp. 37. Berlin,
Carl Heymann, 1906.
Das Gefahrentarifwesen der Unfallversicherung des
Deutschen Reichs. Mit einem Anhang : Die Umlage-
beitrage der wichtigeren Gewerbezweige fur das Jahr
1898.
Im amtlichen Auftrage fur die Weltausstellung zu Paris bear-
427
APPENDIX A
beitet von Konrad Hartmann, Kaiserlichcm Geheimem Regie-
ningsrath und standig^n Mitgliede des Reichs^-Versicheruiigs^
amts, U.S.W. Paper, 8vo, pp. 94. Berlin, A. Asher & Co.,
1900.
Die Bedeutung des Pramienreservef onds nach dem
Deutschen Privatversicheningsgesetze.
Von Dr. Broecker, Kaiserlichem Regieningsrat im Aufsichts-
amt fur Privatvcrsichening, u.s,w. Paper, 8vo, pp. 20, n. d.
Die Arbeiterversicherung des Deutschen Rcichs,
Fur die Weltausstellnng in Saint Louis, 1904, dargestellt vom
Reidis-Versicheningsamt, u.s.w. Katalog und Fuhrcr. Bear-
beitct von Dr. jur. G. A. Klein. 8vo, paper, pp. 36, n. d.
The Workmen's Insurance of the Grennan Empire.
Catalogue and Guide.
St. Louis Universal Exposition, 1904. (English translation
of the foregoing.) 8vo, paper, pp. 36. (Two copies.)
ie Deutsche Arbeiterversicherung als soziale Ein-
richtung.
Zweite Auflage im Auf trage des Reichs-Versicherungsamts fur
den VII. Intemationalen Arbciterversicherungs-Kongrcss in
Wicn, 1905, bearbeitet von A. Biclefeldt, K. Hartmann, G.
A. Klein, L. Lass, und F. Zahn. 8vo, paper, pp. 152. Berlin,
A. Asher & Co., 1905.
Deutsche Arbeiterversicherung als soziale Ein-
richtung.
Vom Reichs-Versicherungsamt fur den V. Intemationalen
Kongress fiir Versicherungs-Wissenschaft, Berlin, Sept. 10-
15, 1906, bearbeitet. 8vo, paper, pp. 37. Berlin, A. Asher &
Co., 1906. (Extract from the foregoing.)
428
APPENDIX A
Leitf aden zur Arbeiterversichening des Deutschen
Reichs.
Neu zusammengestellt fur die Intemationalen Kongresse fur
Vcrsichenmgswissenschaft imd Versicherungsmedizin in Ber-
lin, 1906. Bearbeitet von Dr. Zacher, Prof. Dr. jur. L. Lass,
und Dr. jur. G. A. Klein. 8vo, paper, pp. 47. Berlin, A.
Asher&Co., 1906.
The German Workmen's Insurance as a Social
Institution.
G)mpiled for the Universal Exposition at St. Louis, 1.904, by
order of the Imperial Insurance Office.
Part II. Statistics. By Dr. G. A. Klein. Paper, 8vo, pp.
36. Berlin, Reichsdruckerei, 1904.
Part III. Prevention of Accidents and Workmen's Hygiene.
By Konrad Hartmann. 8vo, pp. 23. Berlin,
Reichsdruckerei, 1904.
Part IV. Workmen's Insurance and National Health. By
A. Bielefeldt. Svo, pp. 28. Berlin, Reichsdruck-
erei, 1904.
Part V. Workmen's Insurance and National Economy. By
Dr. Friedrich Zahn. 8vo, pp. 36. Berlin, Reichs-
druckerei, 1904.
Beitrage zur Statistik der Deutschen Lebens- und
Fcuerversicherung im Jahrc 1901.
Herausgegeben vom Kaiserlichen Auf sichtsamte fur Privatver-
sicherung. Small folio, half morocco, pp. 69. Berlin, J. Gut-
tentag, 1903.
Geschaf tsbericht des Kaiserlichen Deutschen Auf-
sichtsamts fiir Privatversichening, 1902-1905.
Compiled from the '^er5ffentlichungen." Small 4to, half mo-
rocco. Berlin, 1903-1906.
429
APPENDIX A
II FROM THE IMPERIAL GERMAN POST-OFFICE
DEPARTMENT (rEICHS-POSTAMT)
Die Bucher der Chronika der drei Schwestem. By I.
K. A. Musaeus.
Illnstrirt von H. Lefler und J. Urban. Querfolio, linen, S5
pp., edition de luxe. Gedruckt in der Reichsdruckerei. Berlin,
J. A. Stargardt, 1900.
Dnickschrif ten des fiinf zehnten bis achtzehnten Jahr-
hunderts in getreuen Nachbildungen.
Herausg^geben von der Direction der Reichsdruckerei. Large
portfolio, full morocco, gilt, silk-lined, with the Imperial Arms
on the covers. Berlin, 1884-1887.
Monumenta Germanise et Italic Typographica. Deut-
sche und Italienische Inkunabeln in getreuen Nach-
bildungen.
Herausgegeben von der Direction der Reichsdruckerei. Aus-
wahl und Text von K. Burger, Gustos des Buchgewerbe-Mu-
seums zu Leipzig. Lieferungen 1—6. 200 plates in two port-
folios full morocco, gilt, silk-lined, with the Imperial Arms on
covers. Edition de luxe. Berlin, Reichsdruckerei, 1892—
1896.
The Songs of Selim I, Sultan of Persia.
Text in Persian. Folio, illuminated borders. Edition de luxe.
One of a very small number of copies printed at the Reichs-
druckerei in Berlin for presentation on the occasion of a visit
of the Sultan Muzaffer-ed-din to Germany.
Large portfolio, full morocco, gilt, satin-lined, with
the Imperial Arms on covers.
430
APPENDIX A
Containing 43 facsimile reproductions of copperplates, mezzo-
tints, and wood-cuts of the old masters from the beginning of
the 15th to the end of the 18th centuries, and six water-mark
sheets with portraits of His and Her Imperial and Royal
Majesties, His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Prussia, and
of Presidents Washington, Jefferson, and Roosevelt. Reichs-
druckerei. Edition de luxe.
Lucas Cranach. Sammlung von Nachbildungen seiner
vorziiglichsten Holzschnitte und seiner Stiche.
Hergestellt in der Reichsdruckerei und herausgegeben von F.
Lippmann, Direktor des Koniglichen Kupferstichkabinets in
Berlin. Folio, boards, 64 plates. Berlin, 1895.
ill from the royal prussian ministry of education
(kultusministerium)
A receptacle, four feet four inches long, three feet six
inches wide, and twelve and one-half inches deep,
bound in red morocco, in imitation of a colossal book,
with brazen bosses on the sides and back, and in-
scribed in large gilt letters : "Arbeiten aus dem Denk-
maler-Archiv des Konigl. Preuss. Kultusministeri-
ums zum 1 1, April, 1907."
This contains mounted photographs on frames of the fol-
lowing :
1. Denkmal des Grossen Kurfursten zu Berlin.
2. Dom in Limburg a. L.
3. Erechtheion auf der Acropolis von Athen.
4. Dom in Worms.
5. Hagia Sophia zu Constantinopel.
6. Burg-Eltz am Mosel.
431
APPENDIX A
7. Munster in Freiburg.
8. Dom in Bamberg.
9. Liebfrauenkirche in Trier.
10. Munster in Freiburg. (Interior View.)
11. Dom in Halberstadt.
12. Porta Nigra in Trier.
Das Kastell in Bari.
Herausgegeben vom Kdniglichen Preussisdien Historischen
Institut in Rom. Bearbeitet von Arthur HaseloflF. Folio,
linen, pp. 25, plates I-XIX. Berlin, A. Asher & Co., 1906.
Adolph von Menzel. Abbildungen seiner Gemaldc
und Studien.
Auf Grand der von der Kgl. National-Galerie im Fruhjahr,
1905, veranstalteten Ausstellung imter Mitwirkung von Dr.
E. Schwedeler-Mayer und Dr. J. Kem herausgegeben von Dr.
Hugo von Tschudi. Folio, half vellum, gilt, pp. 454, profusely
illustrated. Munich, F. Bruckmann, A.-G., 1906.
Die Deutsche Jahrhundert- Ausstellung, Berlin, 1906.
Ausstellung Deutscher Kunst aus der Zeit von 1775—1875 in
der Kdniglichen National-Galerie, Berlin, 1906. Herausge-
geben vom Vorstand der Deutschen Jahrhundertausstellung.
Auswahl der hervorragendsten Bilder mit einleitendem Text
von Hugo von Tschudi. 2 vols., folio, cloth, gilt tops, pro-
fusely illustrated. Munich, F. Bruckmann, A.-G., 1906.
Collection Pisani, Palais Pisani, Place Manin,
Florence.
G>llection of photographs of important paintings bound sump-
tuously as an oblong folio volume, green cloth, gilt.
43^
APPENDIX A
IV FROM THE ROYAL PRUSSIAN MINISTRY OF PUBLIC
WORKS (ministerium DER OFFENTLICHEN
arbeiten)
Denkschrif t liber den Entwurf eines Rhein-Elbe-
Kanals.
Auf Grund der Vorarbeiten aufgestellt, Berlin, i. Januar,
1 899, von Prusmann, Koniglichem Wasser-Bauinspektor. Heft
I, Text; Heft II, Atlas; 4to, cloth. Berlin, B. Gisevius.
Lichtbilder von der Koniglichen Versuchsanstalt fiir
Wasserbau und Schiffbau zu Berlin.
Aufgenommen von Egon Schumann, Koniglichem Wasserbau-
inspektor. Als Handschrif t gedruckt. 29 plates in blue muslin
portfolio. Berlin, 1904.
Die Versuchsanstalt fur Wasserbau und Schiffahrt zu
Berlin.
Vortrag gehalten in der Sitzung des grossen Ausschusses des
"Central Vereins fiir Hebung der Deutschen Fluss- und Kanal-
SchiflFahrt" vom 3. April, 1903, von Wasserbauinspektor Schu-
mann. Sonderabdruck aus der "Zeitschrift fiir Binnen-Schif-
fahrt," X. Jahrgang, Heft 8, 1903. Folio, pp. 13, folding
plate. Berlin, 1903.
Kommissionsbericht iiber die Wasserstrassen-Vorlage
des Jahres 1904 mit Ausnahme des Grossschiffahrt-
weges Berlin-Stettin.
No. 594, Haus der Abgeordneten, 20. Legislaturperiode, I. Ses-
sion, 1904-5. Berichtserstatter Abgeord. Dr. am 2^hnhoff.
Small folio, blue muslin, pp. 351, maps and charts. Berlin,
W. Moeler, 1904.
433
APPENDIX A
Das Eisbrechwesen im Deutschen Reiche.
Auf Veranlassung des Koniglichen Preussischen Herm Minis-
ters der Oeffentlichcn Arbeiten, dargestellt von M. Gorz und
M. Buchmeisten 4tO| green cloth, pp. 248^ 46 plates. Ber-
lin, A Asher & Co., 1900.
Memel-, Pregel- und Weichselstrom, ihre Stromgebiete
und ihre wichtigsten Nebenfliisse.
Eine hydrographische, wasserwirthschaftliche und wasser-
rechtliche Darstellung. Auf Gnind des allerhochsten Erlasses
vom 28. Februar, 1892, im Auftrage des Preussischen Wasser-
Ausschusses, herausgegeben von H. Keller, Geheimer Baurath,
Vorsteher des Bureaus des Ausschusses. 4 vols., small 4to,
Text; 1 vol., large folio. Maps; cloth. Berlin, Dietrich
r. 1899.
1
Weser und Ems, ihre Stromgebiete und ihre wichtig-
sten Nebenfliisse.
Eine hydrographische, wasserwirthschaftliche und wasser-
rechtliche Darstellung, u.s.w. Herausgegeben von H. Keller,
Greheimer Baurath, u.s.w. 4 vols., small 4to. Text; 1 vol.,
sm. folio, Tabellen und Anlagen; 1 vol. large folio, maps;
cloth. Berlin, Dietrich Reimer, 1901.
Haf en zu Emden.
Denkschrift uber den weiteren Ausbau des Eitiden Hafens.
Sm. folio, text and maps; half morocco. Berlin, B. Gisevius,
1905.
Die Neuen Wasserwirthschaf tlichen Gesetzc in
Preussen.
Im Auftrage des Preussischen Herm Ministers der Oeffentli-
chcn Arbeiten fur den X. Intemationalen Schiffahrt-Kongress
in Mailand zusammengestellt von Dr. Ing. S3rmpher, Gehei-
mer Oberbaurat. 8vo, half morocco, pp. 108. Berlin, Wil-
liam Ernst u. Sohn, 1905.
434
APPENDIX A
Ingenicurwerke in und bei Berlin.
Festschrift zum 50-jahrigen Bestehen des Vereines Deutscher
Ingenieure. Small 4to, cloth, pp. 535, numerous illustrations,
maps, and plates. Berlin, Julius Sittenfeld, 1906.
Binnenschiffahrt in Europa und Nordamerika,
Im Auftrage des Herm Ministers der oflFentlichen Arbeiten
nach amtlichen Berichten und VerofFentlichungen, bearbeitet
von Eger, Regierungs- und Baurath. Small folio, half mo-
rocco, gilt, pp. 142, maps. Berlin, Siemenroth u. Troschel,
1899.
Arbeiten der Rheinstrom-Bauverwaltung, 1851-
1900.
Denkschrift anlasslich des 50-jahrigen Bestehens der Rhein-
strom-Bauverwaltung und Bericht fiber die Verwendimg der
seit 1880 zur Regulinmg des Rheinstroms bewilligten ausser-
ordentlichen Geldmittel, nach amtlichen Materialen bearbeitet
von R. Jasmund, Regierungs- und Baurath. Folio, liaen, dec-
orated cover, pp. 242. Leipziger Buchdruckerei, A.-G., vorm.
Giistav Fritsche, 1900.
Der Rhein von Strassburg bis zur HoUandischen
Grcnze.
Ein in technischer imd wirthschaftlicher Beziehung unter Be-
nutzung amtlicher Quellen im Auftrage des Herm Ministers
der Oeffentlichen Arbeiten bearbeitet im Frfihjahr 1902 von
E. Beyerhaus, Wasserbau-Inspektor bei der Kgl. Rheinstrom-
bauverwaltung in Coblenz. Folio, cloth, pp. 128. Profusely
illustrated with maps and plates. Leipziger Buchdruckerei,
A.-G., vorm. Gustav Fritsche, 1902.
Der Bau des Dortmund-Ems-Canals.
Bearbeitet im Auftrag des Herm Ministers der offentlichen
Arbeiten. Vol. I, text, small folio, pp. 100, with 124 illustra-
435
APPENDIX A
tions; Vol. II, Atlas, 31 plates, large folio; half moiocco, gilt.
Imperial Anns on covers. Berlin, Wilhelm Ernst u. Sohn,
1902.
Festschrift zur Eroffnung des Dortmund-Ems-
Kanals, 1899.
Folio, linen, pp. 59, numerous photogravures and maps. Ber-
lin, Gisevius, n. d.
Dcr Haf en von Dortmund.
Denkschrift zur Feier der Hafeneinweihung am 11. August,
1899. Fur die Stadt Dortmimd bearbeitet von Mathies, Re-
gierungs- und Baurath. Folio, full yellow morocco, pp. 83,
profusely illustrated with cuts, plates, and maps. Dortmund,
Fr. Wilh. Ruhf us, n. d.
Die wirthschaf tliche Bedeutung des Rhein-Elbe-
Kanals.
Von Sympher, Regierungs^ und Baurath. Band I, Text, pp.
154; Band II, Anlagen. Small folio, linen limp. Berlin,
Siemenroth u. Troschel, 1899.
Die Betriebseinrichtungen des Teltowkanals.
Von Erich Block. Sonderabdruck aus der "Elektroteknischen
Zeitschrift," Jahrgang 1906. Folio, half morocco, gilt top.
Festschrift zur Einweihung des Teltow-Kanals durch
seine Majestat den Kaiser und Konig Wilhelm 11.
Im Auf trage des Kreises Teltow verf asst von Christian Have-
stadt, Koniglichem Baurat, u.s.w. Folio, linen, pp. 104. Il-
lustrated with cuts, plates, and maps. Berlin, Rohde, 1906.
Bau und Betrieb der Dampfbagger der Preussischen
Wasserbauverwaltung.
Bearbeitet im Ministerium der offentlichen Arbeiten. 104 Ab-
436
APPENDIX A
bildungen und 7 Tafeln. Small folio, half morocco, gilt top,
pp. 104. Berlin, Stankiewicz, 1904.
Statistische Nachweisungen iiber Ausgefiihrte Was-
serbauten des Preussischen Staates.
Bcarbeitet im Ministcrium der oflFentlichen Arbeiten von P.
RoloflF, Regienmgs- und Baurat. Folio, half morocco, gilt
top, pp. 136. Berlin, Wilhelm Ernst u. Sohn,' 1907.
Deutsche Wasserstrassen und ihr Verkehr.
Portfolio, half morocco, containing folding maps published by
Sympher, and a pamphlet with explanations. Berlin, Julius
Moser, 1902.
Kaiser Wilhelm-Kanal.
Large portfolio, half morocco, with Imperial Arms on side,
containing 20 large photographs of the Canal, n. d.
Talsperrcn.
Large portfolio, half morocco, gilt with the Imperial Arms on
the side, containing 20 photographs of dams (Talsperren)
erected in different parts of Prussia. Edition de luxe.
Herrenhaus und Abgeordnetenhaus in Berlin.
Twenty-five photographs bound as one large folio volume, half
morocco, gilt, with the Imperial Arms on the covers. Edition
de luxe.
Neubauten der Stadt
Gesamtansichten und Einzelheiten nach den mit Massen ver-
sehenen Originalzeichnungen der Fassaden und des Innenraums
so wie Naturauf nahmen der Bemerkenswertesten Teile der seit
dem Jahre 1897 in Berlin errichteten stadtischen Bauten. Mit
beschreibendem Text von Stadtbaurat Ludwig Hoffmann.
Vols. I-V, folio, cloth, 250 plates. Berlin, Bruno Hessling,
1902.
437
APPENDIX A
Berlin und seine Bauten.
Bearbeitet und hcrausgegeben vom Architektenvereinc zu Ber-
lin iind der Vcreinigung Berliner Architekten. Mit 2150 Ab-
bildungen im Text, 18 Lichtdrucktafeln, 1 Stichtafel, und 4
Anlagen. Vols. I— II, half morocco, Wilhelm Ernst u. Sohn,
Berlin, 1896.
Large Portfolio. Bound in half morocco, gilt.
Containing 19 photographs of the Dortmimd-Ems-Canal, the
Teltow-Canal, and the Home for Seamen near Teltow.
Large Portfolio. Bound in half morocco, gilt.
G)ntaining 2 1 photographs of the Harbor of Memel, the Har-
bor of Pillau, the new n\puth of the Vistula, Ice-breaking on
the Vistula, the Harbor of Brahemunde, and the Cylindrical
Watergate at Brahnau.
Large Portfolio. Bound in half morocco, gilt.
Containing 20 photographs of the Harbor of Emden, the Har-
bor of Ruheort, the Harbor of Geestemiinde, the fire-ship
"Fehraambelt," the Lighthouse at Helgoland, and the dredg-
ing-ship of the Department of Construction of the River Elbe.
Large stand of oak with swinging frames containing
the following mounted photographs :
Railroad bridge (Kaiser Wilhelm Brucke) near Mungsten.
Railroad bridge crossing the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal near Le-
wensau.
Viaduct on the line from Remscheid to Solingen.
Viaduct of the Elevated crossing the Potsdam Terminal in
Berlin.
Railroad bridge crossing the Rhine near Worms.
Dammtor-Depot at Hamburg. Train-shed.
Viaduct of the Elevated over the Anhalt-Railroad in Berlin.
438
APPENDIX A
The new Terminal at Frankfurt-am-Main. Middle section of
the train-shed.
Railroad bridge (Kaiser Brucke) crossing the Rhine near
Mainz on the line from Mainz to Wiesbaden.
Passenger bridge over the classification-yard near Strassburg
(Elsass).
The new Terminal at Altona. Train-shed.
Railroad bridge crossing the Rhine near Q>blenz-Horchheim.
The Bellerman Street Bridge crossing the Suburban Station
Gesundbrunnen in Berlin.
Die Strassen-Briicken der Stadt Berlin.
Herausgegeben vom Magistrat. 2 vols., folio, linen, profusely
illustrated. Berlin, Julius Springer, 1902.
V FROM THE ROYAL PRUSSIAN MINISTRY OF COMMERCE
AND INDUSTRY (mINISTERIUM FUR HANDEL
UND GEWERBE)
Bucher-Vcrzeichniss des Vereins fiir die Bergbaulichen
Interessen im Oberbergamtsbczirk Dortmund zu
Essen.
Dritte Ausgabe, Dec. 31, 1904. 4to, buckram. Berlin, H. S.
Hermann, 1905.
Die Entwickelung des Niederrheinisch-Westfalischen
Steinkohlen-Bergbaues in der zweiten Halfte des
igten Jahrhunderts.
Herausgegeben vom Verein fur die bergbaulichen Interessen im
Oberbergamtsbczirk Dortmund in Gemeinschaf t mit der West-
falischen Berggewerkschaf ts-Kasse und dem Rheinisch-Westfa-
lischen Kohlensjmdikat. Vols. I -XII. Royal 8vo, linen,
many maps and plates. Berlin, Julius Springer, 1903—4.
439
APPENDIX A
Jahres-Berichte der Koniglich Preussischen Gcwerbc-
rathe.
Jahrgang 1896—1905. 10 vols., 8vo, crushed Levant, full
gilt, tooled. Edition de luxe. Berlin, W. T. Bruer, 1897—
1906.
Bcricht uber den 9. allgemeinen Deutschen Bcrg-
mannstag zu St. Johann-Saarbriicken vom 7. bis 10.
September, 1904.
Mit 58 Text-Figuren und 10 lithographischen Tafcln. Royal
8vo, linen, pp. 180. Berlin, Julius Springer, 1905.
Erster Verwaltungsbericht des Koniglichen Preussi-
schen Landesgewerbeamts, 1905.
8vo, full vellum, gilt, tooled edges. Special edition de luxe.
Berlin, Carl Heymann, 1906.
vi from the imperial department of war
(kriegsministerium)
Militarische Schrif ten weiland Kaiser Wilhelms des
Grossen Majestat.
Auf Befehl Seiner Majestat des Kaisers und Konigs herausge-
geben vom Koniglich Preussischen Kriegsministerium, Vols. I—
II. Folio, half morocco, gilt, tooled. Edition de luxe, with
Imperial Arms on cover. Berlin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1897.
Die Mobilmachung von 1870-71.
Mit allerhochster Genehmigung Seiner Majestat des Kaisers
imd Konigs bearbeitet im Koniglichen Kriegsministerium von
Gustav Lehmann, wirklichem geheimem Kriegs-Rat imd vor-
tragendem Rat im Kriegsministerium. Folio, half morocco,
gilt, pp. 366, plates. Berlin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1904.
440
APPENDIX A
Geschichte der Bekleidung, Bewaffnung, und Ausriis-
tung dcs Kaniglich Preussischen Heeres.
Auf allerhdchsten Befehl Seiner Majestat des Kaisers und Kd-
nigs herausgegeben von dem Koniglichen Kriegsministerium.
Erster Teil: Die Infanterie-Regimenter im Jahre 1806; Zwei-
ter Teil : Die Kurassier- und Dragoner Regimenter seit Anf ang
des 18. Jahrhunderts bis zur Reorganisation der Armee 1808.
Bearbeitet von C. Kling. Full morocco, gilt, tooled. Exiition
de luxe, with Imperial Arms on cover. Weimar, Putze & Hol-
zer, 1902-6.
Geschichte der Koniglich Preussischen Fahnen und
Standarten seit dem Jahre 1807.
Bearbeitet vom Koniglichen Kriegsministerium. 2 vols. Folio,
half morocco, gilt. Edition de luxe. Berlin, Mittler u. Sohn,
1889.
Karte des Deutschen Reiches, 1 : looooo.
Vols. I— II. Two receptacles elegantly bound in full morocco,
gilt, with the Imperial Arms on the covers, containing 674
maps of the German Empire as loose sheets.
Topographische Uebersichtskarte des Deutschen
Reiches, 1 : 2000CX).
Receptacle elegantly bound in full morocco, gilt, with the Im-
perial Arms on the covers, containing 194 topographic maps of
the German Empire as loose sheets.
Karte von Ost-China, 1 : lOOCXXX).
Herausgegeben von der Kgl. Preussischen Landesaufnahme.
Large portfolio, full morocco, gilt, with the Imperial Arms on
the covers, containing twelve large maps mounted on muslin.
441
APPENDIX A
vii from the imperial navy department
(reichs-marine-amt)
Marine-Rundschau.
Jahrgange XV- XVII, 6 Tcilc, 8vo, blue cloth, gilt tops. Ber-
lin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1904—1906.
Deutsches Seemannisches Worterbuch.
Im Auf trage des Staatssekretars des Reichs-Marine-Amts her-
ausgegeben von A. Stenzel, Kapitan zur See a. D. Mit 2
bunten und 7 schwarzen Tafeln, sowie 6 Tafeln und 33 Ab-
bildungen im Text. Royal 8vo, blue cloth, gilt top. Berlin,
Mittler u. Sohn, 1904.
Die Forschungen S.M.S. "Gazelle" in den Jahren 1874
bis 1876 untcr Kommando des Kapitan zur Sec Frei-
herm von Schleinitz.
Herausgegeben von dem Hydrographischen Amt des Reichs-
Marine-Amts. Vols. I-V, 4to, blue cloth, gilt, many maps,
charts, and plates. Berlin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1889—1900.
ie Entwickelung der Dcutschcn See-In tercsscn im
letztcn Jahrzehnt.
Zusammengcstellt im Reichs-Marine-Amt. 4to, blue cloth,
gilt top. Berlin, Reichsdruckerei, 1905.
Annalen der Hydrographie und Maritimcn Metcoro-
logie.
Vols. XXXII-XXXrV, 1904-1906. Small 4to, half mo-
rocco. Berlin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1904—1906.
Nauticus : Jahrbuch f iir Deutschlands Sceintercssen.
Unter theilweiser Benutzung amtlichen Materials herausge-
442
gcbcn. Vols. VI-VIII, 8vo, blue cloth, gilL Berlin, Mittlcr
u. Sohn, 1904-1906.
Lehrbuch der Navigation.
Herausgegeben vom Reichs-Marine-Amt. Zweite umgearbei-
tete Auflage. Band I. Terrestrische Navigation ; Band II. As-
tronomische Navigation. 2 vols., 8vo, blue cloth, gilt. Ber-
lin, Mittler u. Sohn, 1906.
FROM THE GERMAN NAVAL OBSERVATORY
(DEUTSCHE SEEWARTE)
Segelhandbuch f iir den Atlantischen Ozean.
Zweite Auflage. Herausgegeben von der Direktion der Dcut-
schen Seewarte. Mit 61 Tcxt-Figuren und 4 Steindracktafeln.
Royal 8vo, pp. 598. Hamburg, L. Friedrichsen & Q>., 1899.
Atlantisdier Ozean. Ein Atlas von 36 Kartcn.
Zweite Auflage. Large folio. Hamburg, L. Friedrichsen &
Co., 1902.
Segelhandbuch f iir den Stillcn Ozean.
Erste Auflage. Herausgegeben von der Direktion der Deut-
schen Seewarte. Mit 32 Text-Figuren und 9 Steindracktafeln.
Royal 8vo, pp. 916. Hamburg, L. Friedrichsen & G)., 1897.
Stiller Ozean. Ein Atlas von 31 Karten.
Oblong folio. Hamburg, L. Friedrichsen & Co., 1896.
Segelhandbuch fur den Indischen Ozean.
Herausgegeben von der Direktion der Deutschen Seewarte.
Mit 41 Text-Figuren und 9 Steindracktafeln. Royal 8vo, pp.
812. Hamburg, L. Friedrichsen & Co., 1892.
443
APPENDIX A
Indischer Ozean. Ein Atlas von 35 Karten.
Oblong folio. Hamburg, L. Friedrichsen & Co., 1891.
Aus dem Archiv der Deutschen Secwarte.
Jahrgang 27-29. 3 vols., 4to, half morocco. Hamburg,
1904-6.
Tagliche Synoptischc Wetterkartcn fiir den Nordat-
lantischen Ozcan und die anliegenden Teile dcr
Kontinente.
Herausgegeben von dem Danischen Meteorologischen Institut
imd der Deutschen Seewarte. XIX. Jahrgang. Folio, half
morocco. G>penhagen & Hamburg, 1905.
GIFT OF HERR ERNST VON IHNE, LL.D.
Portfolio.
Containing photographs of Schloss Friedrichshof , the country-
seat of Her Majesty the Empress Frederick. Built by Emst
von Ihne, 1889-1893.
Portfolio.
Containing photographs of Haus Sonneck, the seat of Herr
Henry T. von Boettinger of Elberfeld. Built by Emst von
Ihne, 1892-1894.
Six photographs
Of the interior of the Royal Stables in Berlin. Built by Emst
von Ihne. Finished in 1903.
444
APPENDIX A
GIFT OF MONSIEUR PAUL DOUMER, LL.D.
Ulndo-Chine f rangaise.
Ouvrage couronne par I'Academie f rangaise et la Society de
Geographie. Second Exlition. 4to, linen, pp. 424, many illus-
trations. Paris, Vuibert & Nony. n. d.
Livre de mes fils.
8vo, cloth, pp. 344. Paris, Vuibert & Nony, 1906.
GIFT OF HERR DR. FRIEDRICH S. ARCHENHOLD
TO THE LIBRARY OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM
Das Wcltall.
Illustrierte Zeitschrif t fur Astronomic und verwandte Gebiete.
Herausgegeben von F. S. Archenhold, Direktor der Treptow
Stemwarte. Jahrgang I— VI, 1900- 1906. Small folio, cloth,
illustrated. Berlin, Schwetschke u. Sohn.
445
APPENDIX B
THANKS TO THE GERMAN EMPEROR
Pittsburgh, Penn., May 15, 1907
To His Majesty William II
German Emperor, King of Prussia
Tour Majesty:
On behalf of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie
Institute, we desire to express a deep sense of apprecia-
tion of Your Majesty's kindness in arranging for the
attendance, on the occasion of the recent dedication of
the Carnegie Institute at Pittsburgh, of certain of the
most distinguished citizens of Germany, whose pres-
ence added to the charm, while their eloquent felicita-
tions enhanced the interest, of the occasion.
We also desire to express our grateful thanks for the
noble gift of important publications issued by the Ger-
man Grovemmcnt, which will forever remain in the
Carnegie Library as a treasured token of Your Maj-
esty's good will.
These gracious and generous attentions toward the
447
APPENDIX B
Camegic Institute and the people of Pittsburgh can not
fail to strengthen the bonds of friendship which have
always existed unimpaired between our country and
the German Empire.
Praying that Your Majesty may long be spared in
health and strength to lead a prosperous and happy
people, and assuring Your Majesty of our abiding es-
teem, we have the honor to subscribe ourselves, on be-
half of the Trustees of the Carnegie Institute,
With profound respect,
W. N. Frew
President
S. H. Church
Secretary
448
APPENDIX G
SOME JEWELS SET TOGETHER
"The trustees of the Carnegie Art Galleries have put themselves
at the head of the art movement not only in America, but also in
Europe. An exhibition so choice, varied, and at the same time
summarizing so completely the art tendencies of to-day is with*
out parallel anywhere." — Charles H. Cafpim, in Heirper*s
Weekly^ November, 1899.
"This international exhibition of Pittsburgh is the only interna-
tional art society existing in the United States."— Jean Fran-
cois Raffaeli, 1899.
"The exhibition which has just been opened is the best one you
ever had, and I am disposed to say, one of the best exhibitions of
the century." — William M. Chase, 1899.
"Mr. Zorn agrees entirely with me in the opinion that the gen-
eral average is hi^er than in any collection that has ever come
before us as jurors."— Alexander Harrison, 1900.
"The galleries now contiun as high a quality of canvases as has
ever been gathered together in America, with the exception prob-
ably of the World's Fair at Chicago."— Ken yon Cox, 1900.
449
MEMORIAL OF THE DEDICATION
'The standard of the works sent here for exhibition is, to my
mind, an exceptionally hi^ one/'— Anders L. Zorn, 1900.
"The Cam^e Institute is the first institution in the United
States that has invited the works of international artists to be ex-
hibited in America, thereby giving the public a fair idea of what
is being done in the art world" — Robert W. Allan, 1901.
"Your Loan Exhibition, in representative range and in art value,
is superb. It has entirely compelled the profound gratitude and
honor of the nation."— Dr. F. W. Gunsaulus, President Ar-
mour Institute, Chicago, 1902.
"You have a very beautiful exhibition— in point of evenness and
quality, the best in this country."— Childe Hassam, 1903.
"Considering the size of the display and the number of works
on view I do not hesitate to pronounce this one of the finest col-
lections of modem art that I have seen.'' — Alexander Roche,
Exlinburgh, 1904.
'The annual shows of the Carnegie Institute are like yearly
World's Fairs of pictures." — Ernest Knaufft, in Review of
Reviews^ 1904.
"The Pittsburgh exhibition expresses in the most remarkable
manner the present art movement of the world." — Alfred
EUsT, 1905.
"The exhibition is very important and interesting in the quality
of American works and in the great variety of schools of all coun-
tries represented; and I was greatly impressed by the Institute's
methods of administration and general organization." —
Charles Cottet, 1905.
"The Carnegie Institute's Exhibition of 1907 was the most im-
portant international exhibition ever made in America, except at
expositions."— W. M. R. French, 1907.
450
THE CARNEGIE INSTITUTE
Palais du Trocad£ro,
November 15, 1907
The architectural collection represents a selection which evi-
dences indubitable taste. One sees placed in equal relation works
of the antique, the middle age, the Renaissance, the Grecian, the
French, and the Italian periods. Such perfect reproductions of
the best models could not be gathered without great effort. It
was thus that the magnificent cast of the Porch of St. Gilles, at
Grard, France, of which no other museum possesses more than a
third, or some of the smaller parts, was secured, and made an
imposing background in the grand hall of architecture. Such a
collection is an incomparable instrument of education, and one
cannot restrain himself in congratulating the organizers.
Camillb Enlart,
Director, Trocadero Museum, France
451
Tszszr
A7V7V
INDEX
Aberdeen, University of, 237
Abraham, 94
Academie de Dijon, 213
Academie Imperiale des Sci-
ences de St.-Pctersbourg, 212
Academie de Montpellier,
France, 214
Academy of Natural Sciences
of Philadelphia, 103
Academy of Science of St.
Louis, 104
Adelbert College, 203
Aix-Marseille, Universitc d',
223
Alabama Polytechnic Institute,
105
Aladdin, 55
Albright Art Gallery, 119
Alden, Frank E., 9, 42
Alden & Harlow, 89
Alderman, £. A., 193
Aldrich, William S., 10, 41
Alexander, John W., 10, 42,
399» 407
Allan, Robert W., 450
Allegheny College, 106
Allegheny Coimty Public
Schools, 107
Allegheny Library, 56, 57
Alma-Tadema, Sir Lawrence,
260
American Association for the
Advancement of Science, 109
"American Commonwealth,"
388
American Guests, list of, 9
American Institute of Elec-
trical Engineers, 110
American Museum of Natural
. History, 111
American Philosophical So-
ciety, 113
Amherst College, 112
Anderson, Edwin H., 56
Andrews, Dr. C. W., 277
Andrews, E. B., 190
Angcll, James B., 187
Archeniiold, F. S., 18, 39, 423;
gifts from, 445
Archenhold, Mme., 45
Archer, William, 19, 39; poem
by, 401
Argentine Republic, guests in-
vited from, 14
Armour Institute of Technol-
ogy, 114
453
INDEX
Armour, Philip D., 309
"Around the World," 388
Art Institute of Chicago, 115
Astrophysical Observatory, 171
Atkinson, F. W., 10, 41, 164
Aurivillius, Chr., 222
Australia, guests invited from,
H
Austria-Himgary, guests in-
vited from, 14
Ayres, Brown, 192
Bach, J. S., 89
Bad^, Souvenir, 30
Ball, Sir Robert S., 19, 39,
415; address by, 327
Balz, Herman, 10
Banquet, 37 1
Barr, A. J., v, 43
Bartholdt, Richard, 10, 40,
358
Beatty, John W., v, 38, 60,
279
Beaver, James A., 10, 40
Beit, Alfred, 309
Belgium, guests invited from,
Belin, Dr., 223
Bell, Dr. C. F. M., 19, 39,
353. 421
Bell, Mrs., 45
Bell, H. M., 10, 41, 134
Benedite, Lconce, 17, 39
422 ; address by, 344
Benedite, Mile., 45
Benoist, Antoine, 214
Berlin High School, 76
Berlin University, 339
Berriel, Leopolds, 233
Bertram, James, 10
Bessemer, Sir Henry, 308
Bible, reading from, 47
Bigelow, E. M., V, 43
Billings, John S., 10, 41
Blasema, Dr., 264
Boirac, E., 213
Boissier, (raston, 220
Bolivia, guests invited from,
15
Bordeaux, Universite de, 224
Boston Museum of Fine Arts,
154
Bouvier, Bernard, 235
Bovey, Dr. Henry T., 15, 41
Bowdoin G)lleg^ 1 16
Boys' Naturalists Club, 60
Boznanska, Olga de, 96
Braddock, General Edward,
297
Brand, William, v, 43
Brashear, John A., v, 43, 60
Brazil, guests invited from, 15
Briggs, L. B. R., 167
Brill, H. v., 157
Britton, N. L., 155
Broegger, Dr., 260
Brooklyn Institute of Arts and
Sciences, 117
Brooklyn Polytechnic Insti-
tute, 164
Brown, E. E., 10, 40, 102
Brown University, 118
Bruxelles, Universite Libre de,
236
Bryce, James, 389
Bryn Mawr College, 120
Buffalo Fine Arts Academy,
119
Buffington, Joseph, v, 43
Bulgaria, guests invited from.
Billow, Prince von, 352
Bumpus, H. C, 10, 41
Bureau of Education, 102
454
INDEX
Bureau of Ethnology, 171
Burgess, J. W,, 339
Butler, E. C, 281
Butler, Nicholas Murray, 1 29
Buttrick, Wallace, 258
Cable, George W., 10, 42
Caen, University of, 265
CafBn, Charles H., 449
Caldwell, John, v, 43, 61, 63
California, University of, 149,
184
Calvin, John, 235
Calvo, Don J. B., 16, 39
Cambridge, University of, 240,
242
Campbell, W. W., 10, 41, 149
Campbell-Bannerman, Sir
Henry, 293
Canada, guests invited from, 15
Cape University, 260
Carlton, W. N., 178
Carnegie, Andrew; address at
the dedication, 54; address at
banquet, 379; gifts to Scot-
land, 396; references to, 3, 4,
28, 30, 31, 36, 38, 46, 77, 83,
93, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176,
179, 180, 183, 196, 201, 204,
210, 217, 228, 232, 233, 238,
245, 246, 248, 253, 257, 267,
268, 291, 292, 293, 299, 300,
309* 343i 344. 362, 364. 365^
368,37i.372,373.375>377»
378, 386, 387. 388, 392, 393»
394, 396, 397, 399, 400, 401,
403, 406, 408, 409, 410, 41 1
Carnegie, Mrs. Andrew, 28, 30,
3U 36, 45» 54» 55^ 292, 293,
366,371*374.386
Carnegie Art Galleries, found-
ing of, 4; international ex-
hibitions in, 60; jury system,
61; gifts to, 66; painting
awards, 96
Camegie Dunfermline Trust,
293. 364
Camegie Hall of Music, 56, 58
Camegie Hero Fimd, 68
Camegie Institute, inception of
the idea, 3, S5'» gi^^ to, 66;
organization and endowment
of, 6; description of, 7, 89-96;
painting awards by, 96
Camegie Institution of Wash-
ington, 121
Camegie Library, inauguration
of, 3; gifts to, 66; statistics of
circulation, 90, 91 ; branches,
56, 91
Camegie Museum, foimduigof,
4; gifts to, 66; description of,
61, 93
Camegie Pension Fimd, 68
Camegie Relief Fund, 378
Camegie, Thomas, 299
Camegie, T. Morris, 10
Camegie Technical Schools,
founding of, 6; organization
of, 61, 94; scholarships in, 66
Camegie University Trust, 293
Case School of Applied Science,
122
Ceska Universita, Prague,
Bohemia, 216
Chapin, John H., 10
Chaplin, W. S., 199
Charlottenburg, 70
Chase, William M., 449
Chester, Rear-Admiral Colby
M., 10, 40, 184
Chicagp, University of, 185
Chile, guests invited from, 16
China, guests invited from, 16
455
INDEX
Christiania, University of, 260
Church, S. H., v, 42, 46, 52,
63* 279, 371, 406, 408, 410,
41 1, 448; address by, 89
Church^ Mrs. S. H., 46
Cincinnati Museum Associa-
tion, 123
Cincinnati, University of , 186
Clapp, George H., v, 43
Clark University, 1 24
Clarke, Sir Caspar Purdon, 10,
40
Clemson Agricultural College,
125
Cohen, Josiah, v, 43
College of the City of New
York, 126
Colombia, guests invited f rom,
16
Colorado College, 127
Colorado School of Mines, 1 28
Columbia University, 129
Connecticut Academy of Arts
and Sciences, 130
"Connection between Science
and Engineering," 303
Corea, Don L. F., 24, 39
Cornell, Ezra, 64
Cornell University, 131
Costa Rica, guests invited
from, 16
Cottet, Charles, 450
Cox, Kenyon, 449
Craighead, Exiwin B., 10, 41,
179
Cranston, Sir Robert, 19, 39,
417 ; address by, 394
Cranston, Lady, 45
Crawford, William H., 10, 41,
106
Cuba, guests invited from, 16
Curie, Mme., 261
Dabney, C. G., 186
Dalhousie University, 217
Danilevsky, Dr., 262
Darwin, Charles, 241
Dauge, £., 245
Davis, William M., 10, 40
Day, James R., 174
deForest, Robert W., 150
Degrees, Conferring of honor-
ary, 405-423
"Democratic en Amerique," 388
Dempster, Alexander, 205, 406
Denmark, guests invited from,
16
Denny, Greorge H., 10, 41, 202
Department of the Interior, 102
d'Estoumelles de Constant,
Baron, 17, 39, 46, 416; ad-
dress by, 78
Detaille, J. B. E., 60
Dethier, Gaston M., 46
Detroit Museum of Art, 132
"Development of Architectural
Style in Germany," 315
Dickerson, J. S., 10
Dickinson College, 133
Dickhuth, Colonel, 18, 39, 42 1
Dickhuth, Miss, 46
Dijon, France, Academic de,
213
Diplodocus, 406, 409
d'Oldenburg, Serge, 212
Dominican Republic, guests in-
vited from, 1 7
Donaldson, James, 254
Doumer, Paul, 17, 39, 46, 398,
409, 410, 416, 417; address
by» 77 ; gifts from, 407, 445
Drake University, 134
Drinker, Henry S., 10, 40, 146
Dunfermline, 5, 380, 381,
383 ; address from, 293
456
INDEX
"Dunfermline's Son," 290
"Diinfennline Trust," 364
Duquesne, Fort, 298, 380
Duvall, General W. P., 10,
Eads, James B., 312
Eakins, Thomas, 96
East, Alfred, 450
Ecuador, guests invited from,
Edinburgh, University of, 244
Edward VII, King, 84, 296,
352, 359i 360, 395» 409
Elgar, Sir Edward, 20, 29, 39,
99»4i7
Elgin, Lord, 293
Emmert, David, 10, 41
"Empire of Business," 388
Endowments, 6, 90
Engler, Edwin A., 10, 40,
210
Enlart, Camille, 17, 39, 423,
45 1 ; address by, 279
Enlart, Mme., 45
Erlangen, University of, 261
Evans, Thomas C, 11, 41
Fallieres, President, 218, 352,
359» 360
Faunce, W. H. L., 118
Fay, C. Norman, 1 1
Field, Dr. H. H., 272
Fine Arts, Department of, 4;
description of, 91
Finley, John H., 1 1, 40, 126
Fleuret, Edwin, 97
Forbes, Colonel John, 298,
299, 301, 380
Forrest, John, 217
Founder's Day celebrations, 8,
95
"Four-in-hand through
Britain," 388
Fox, William Henry, 1 1, 42
France, guests invited from,
17; American obligations to,
35
France, Institut de, 220
Franklin, Benjamin, 297
Franks, Robert A., 11, $$
Frederick the Great, 34, 337,
391* 392
Frederick William III, King,
339
Free Library of Philadelphia,
135
French Republic, President of,
218
"French Sculpture of the Mid-
dle Ages," 279
French, W. M. R., 1 1, 42, 115,
450
Frew, William N., v, 28, 31,
38, 46, 54, S5^ 63, 96, 211,
372, 373* 375* 406, 448
Frew, Mrs. William N., 28, 45
Friday Afternoon, exercises
on, 267
Friday Luncheon, 265
Friday Morning, exercises on,
101
Friday Night, Banquet, 37 1
Frissell, H. B., 1 1
Fulton, Robert, 312
Galbraith, Dr. John, 16, 41
Galileo, 89, 304
Gambetta, Leon, 82
Geneve, Universite de, 235
Geological Society of America,
136
George-August-Universitat,
Gottingen, 219
457
INDEX
George Washington Univer-
sity, 137
Gennan Military G)nstitu-
tion," 335
Germany, guests invited from,
18; her contributions to our
citizenship, 34
Gcst, J. H., 1 1, 42, 123
Ghent, University of, 245
Gifts received: from F. S. Ar-
chenhold, 445; from Paul
Doumer, 445; from the Ger-
man Emperor, 425-444; from
Ernst von Ihne, 445
Gilder, Richard Watson, 11,
40
Gilman, B. L, 11, 42, 154
Gladstone, William E., 82
Glasgow, University of, 246
Goetze, Frederick A., 1 1, 41
Gonzalez, Joaquin V., 263
Gordon, Daniel M., 228
Gospel of Wealth," 388
Gottingen, Georgc-August-
Universitat, 219
Granville-Smith, W., 96
Great Britain, guests invited
from, 19-21; American ob-
ligations to, 35
Greece, guests invited from, 2 1
Greene, Jerome D., 139
GreiflFenhagen, Maurice, 96
Grey, Earl, Govemor-Greneral
of Canada, 259
Griffith, A. H., 11, 42, 132
Grove City College, 138
Guatemala, guests invited
from, 22
Guests, list of, 9-27; program
for, 28 ; procession of, 37-43
Gunsaulus, F. W., 115, 450
Gunther, Dr. Albert, 269
Guthrie, Hon. George W., offi-
cial welcome, 31, 36; address
by, 32; references to, v, 28,
39. 392, 398
Guthrie, Mrs. George W., 28,
31.36,45
Habana, Universidad de la,
233
Hadley, Arthur T., 1 1, 40
Hague Conference, 70, 80, 81,
83. 356, 357. 358, 359
Haiti, guests invited from, 22
Halket, 297, 382
Halket, Sir, 297, 382
Hall, G. Stanley, 11, 40, 124
Halle, Saxony, University of,
247
Hamerschlag, Arthur A., v, 37,
61
Hamerschlag, Mrs. Arthur A.,
369
Hamilton, Samuel, 108
Harlan, Richard D., 11, 41
Harlow, Albert B., 9, 42
Harris, A. W., 160
Harrison, Alexander, 449
Harrison, Benjamin, 57
Harrison, C. C, 191
Harvard, John, 64
Harvard University, 139
Harvey, William, 241
Hassam, Childe, 450
Haverford College, 140
Hay, John, 83
Hays, I. Minis, 11, 41
Heinroth, Charles, 38, 46, 92,
Helsingfors, University of,
262
Henderson, Miss Helen W., 1 1
Henry, Prof. Joseph, 270
45S
INDEX
Herron, John, Art Institute,
141
Heywood, John G., 11, 42
Hitchcock, Edward, 112
Hjclt, Dr., 262
Hlava, J., 216
Hochschule, Bern, Switzer-
land, 215
Hoeber, Arthur, 1 1
Holden, L. E., 11, 196
Holland, Dr. W. J., v, 38, 59,
409, 415
HoUs, G. F. W., 83, 356,
358
Holmes, Joseph A., 11,41
Hooper, Franklin W., 1 1, 42
Hopkins, Anderson H., v, 38,
Hopkins, Henry, 207
Homaday, W. T., 11, 42,
159
Hombostel, Henry, 1 1
Home, Durbin, v, 43
Houdon, J. A., 287
Hovey, E. O., 136
Howard, L. O., 109
Howe, Charles S., 11, 40, 122
Hudson, James F., v, 43
Humphreys, A. C, 173
Himicke, H. A., 104
Hyde, William D., 1 16
Dme, Ernst von, 18, 39, 418;
address by, 315
Ihne, Mme. von, 45
Imperial Military Academy of
Medicine, St. Petersburg, 262
India, guests invited from, 22
Institut de France, 220
International Arbitration and
Peace Conference, 268, 359
International Exchanges, 171
International Cooperation in
Zoology," 267
International Founder's Day,
95
Invocation, 49
Italy, guests invited from, 22
Jackson, John B., v, 43
Jacobi, H., 229
James, E. J., 11, 40
Jamison, S. C., v, 43
Japan, guests invited from, 23
Jesse, R. H., 189
Jesup, Morris K., 111
Johns Hopkins University,
142
Jones, Paul, 287
Jordsm, David Starr, 147
Joseph in Egypt, 93
Joubert, Don E. C, 17, 39
Judson, H. P., 185
Kaiserliche Akademie der
Wissenschaften, 221
Kamebeek, Jonkheer A. P. C.
Van, 263
Kates, Charles S., 12
Kelly, William, 151
Ketler, I. C, 12, 41, 138
King, Alexander, 12
King, Henry C, 12, 40, 161
Kingston, Ontario, Queen's
University, 228
Kirkland, J. H., 197
Klason, Peter, 222
Knaufft, Emest, 450
Kobert, R., 234
Koch, Theodore W., 12
Koser, Dr. Reinhold, 19* 39»
418
Krehbeil, Henry E., 12, 42
Kurtz, Charles M., 12, 42, I20
459
INDEX
Lafayette College, 143
Lafayette, General Marquis
de,82
Lambing, Rev. A, A., v, 43
Lameere, A., 236
Lang, Dr., 22 1
Lang, John Marshall, 239
Lankester, Prof. Ray, 274
La Plata, National Univer-
sity of, 263
Laronze, Dr., 251
La Touche, Gaston, 96
Lauder, George, 299
Lawrence University, 144
Leboucq, H., 245
Lefavour, Henry, 12, 41, 170
Lehigh University, 145
Letter of thanks to German
Emperor, 447
Macf arlane, James R., v, 43
Magee, Christopher L., 57
Mancini, E. 231
Manion, P. A., v, 43
Margaret Morrison Carnegie
School for Women, 369
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, 149
McClelland, Thomas, 12, 41
McClure, S. S., 12, 42
McConway, William, v, 43, 63
McCormick, Robert S., 259
McCormick, S. B., 12, 40, 415;
address by, 412
McCurdy, George G., 12, 41
McGec,WJ, 12
McGill University, 226
McMichael, C. F., 191
McNair, F. W., 12, 151
Lewis Institute of Chicago, 148 "Me and Andra," 384
Lick Observatory, 149
Lindsay, Henry D., 41
Linhart, S. B., 205
Loewenfeld, General von, 18,
39, 69, 410, 411, 418; ad-
dress by, 335 ; address at ban-
quet, 391
Lucas, F. A., 12, 42, 1 17
Luncheon, 265
Luther, Flavel S., 12, 40, 178
Luther, Martin, 46
"Maarten Maartens," see
Poorten-Schwartz
Mabie, Hamilton W., 12, 42
MacAlister, Donald, 246
Macbeth, George A., v, 43, 63
Macbeth, J. C, 20, 39, 296,
297» 364, 382; address by,
290
MacCracken, Henry M., 12,
40, 158
Mees, C. L., 169
Meissonier, J. L. E., 60
Melchers, Gari, 12
Mell, P. H., 125
Mellon, A. W., v, 43
Mellor, C. C, v, 42, 63
Meredith, W. R., 255
Merriman, Daniel, 12, 42, 209
Merton, Mr., 76
Metcalf, William, Jr., v, 43,
63
Metropolitan Museum of Art,
150
Mewissen, Mr. von, 76
Mexico, guests invited from, 23
Meyer, Annie Nathan, 12
Michelangelo, 89
Michigan College of Mines,
151
Michigan, University of, 187
Minnesota Academy of
Science, 152
460
INDEX
Minnesota, University of, 188
"Mission of an Art Museum,"
344
Missouri, University of, 189
Mitchell, Dr. P. C, 20, 39,
257, 419; address by, 267
Mitchell, Mrs., 45
Moechel, J. R., 175
Moeller, Theodor von, 18, 39,
46, 69, 408, 409, 419; ad-
dress by, 72
Moffat, James D., 12, 41, 2cx)
Moncheur, Baron, 15, 39
Montgomery, Thomas L., 1 2,
42
Montpellier, France, Acade-
mic de, 214
Montreal, McGill University,
226
Moore, J. Percy, 103
Morris, Harrison S., 12
Morse, K S., 162
Mount Holyoke G)llege, 153
Murray, W. C, 217
Napoleon, 338
National Zoological Park, 171
Nebraska, University of, 190
Needham, Charles W., 12, 40,
137
Netherlands, guests invited
from, 24; her influence on his-
tory, 35
Newspapers, obligations to, 68
Newton, Sir Isaac, 241, 304
New York Botanical Garden,
New York Trade School, 156
New York University, 158
New York Zoological Park, 1 59
"Next Step toward Interna-
tional Peace," 351
Nicaragua, guest invited from,
24
Nicholas II, Emperor of Rus-
sia, 359
Northrop, Cyrus, 189
North westem University, 160
Norway, guests invited from,
24
Oberlin College, 161
O'Brien, M. E., v, 43
Olds, George D., 112
Oliver, George T., v, 43
Orchestra, Pittsburgh, 58, 92,
99
"Organization of Peace," 78
Oxford, University of, 248
Padua, University of, 250
Palmer, George C, 1 2, 42
Panama, guests invited from,
24
Paraguay, guests invited from,
Paris, Universite de, 225
Parker, Lawton S., 97
Paur, Emil, 29, 38, 58, 92
Peabody, F. G., 339
Peabody, G. A., 162
Peabody Mu^um, 162
Pendleton, Ellen J., 202
Pennsylvania, University of,
191
Pennsylvania, Westem Uni-
versity of, 204 ; conferring of
degrees by, 405-423
Peoples Institute, New York,
163
Persia, guests invited from, 25
Peru, guests invited from, 25
Peterson, William, 16, 40,
227
461
INDEX
Philadelphia, Free Library of,
135
Pichon, S., 218
Pitcaim, Robert, v, 42, 406
Pitt, William, 298
Pittsburgh, founding of, 298
Planches, Baron des, 22, 39 ;
address by, 387
Plantz, Samuel, 12, 40, 144
Polacco, v., 250
Poland, guests invited from, 25
Polytechnic Institute, Brook-
lyn, 164
Poorten-Schwartz, J. M. W.
Van der, 24, 39, 422 ; address
by, 397
Poorten-Schwartz, Miss, 45
"Popular Significance of the
Carnegie Institute," 72
Porrit, Edward, 13
Porter, H. K., v, 43
Porterfield, John, 65
Portugal, guests invited from,
Prague University, 216
Pratt, Frederick B., 13, 41, 165
Pratt Institute, 165
Prayer, 49
Preece, Sir W. H., 20, 39, 419;
address by, 303
President of the United States,
letter from, 52
Preyer, David C, 13
Pritchett, Henry S., 13, 40, 149
Prize Paintings, list of, 96
Procession, 37-43
Program of the Celebration, 28
Purdue University, 166
Purinton, D. B., 206
Queen's University, 228
Quesada, Don G. de, 1 6, 39
Radcliffe College, 167
Raffaeli, Jean Francois, 449
Rais, Jules, 18, 39
Raymond, A. V. V,, 181
Reale Accademia dei Lincei,
231, 264
Redfield, Edward W., 13
Reed, George Edward, 13, 41,
133
Reed, James H. v, 42, 63* 374^
387* 390i 394* 397» 4oi» 403
Reed, Mrs. James H., 46
''Relationship of Pittsburg
and Dunfermline," 296
Remsen, Ira, 13, 40, 142
Rennes, France, University of,
251
Rensselaer Pol3rtechnic Insti-
tute, 168
"Review of the Work," 89
Rheinische Friedrich-Wil-
helms-Universitat, 229
Rhind, J. Massey, 89
Rhodes, Cecil, 309
Rh;ys, Dr. John, 21, 39, 46, 47,
249, 420
Rh^ Miss, 46
Ricketts, Palmer C, 168
Robert, C, 247
Roberts, Dr. E. S., 21, 39, 46,
420; prayer by, 49; remarks
on presentation of address
from Cambridge University,
240
Roberts, Mrs., 46
Robertson, William, 21, 39,
296, 3CX) ; address by, 364
Robinson, Eklward, 41
Roche, Alexander, 450
Rockefeller, John D., 185, 309 ;
telegram to Mr. Carnegie,
372
462
INDEX
Roma, Reale Accademia dei
Lincei, 231, 264
Rontgen, Wilhelm K., 264,
304
Roosevelt, President Theodore,
letter from, 52; references to,
69, 82, 83, 352, 358, 393
Rose Polytechnic Institute, 169
Rosengarten, Joseph G., 13,
42,135 •
Ross, Dr. John, 21, 39, 293,
364, 420; address by, 296
Rostock, Universitat, 234
Roumania, guests invited from,
25
Russia, guests invited from, 26
Saint-Graudens, Augustus, 289
St. Andrews, University of,
252
St.-Pctersbourg, Russia, Acade-
Scottish Guests to Andrew
Carnegie," 401
Scovel, S. F., 13, 42
Servia, guests invited from, 26
Seven Wonders of the Old
World, 305
Shafer, John D., v, 43
Shakspere, William, 63, 89
Sharpless, Isaac, 140
Sheldon, Samuel, 13, 41, 110
Shrigley, John M., 208
Shroder, Dr., 219
Siam, guests invited from, 26
Simmons College, 170
Slocum, W. F., 13, 127
Smith, Charles Sprague, 13,
42, 163
Smith, Charles Stewart, 13
Smith, Edgar F., 113
Smith, William R., 13
Smithsonian Institution, 171
mie Imperiale des Sciences, "Solution of a Great Scien-
212; Imperial Military Acad-
emy of Medicine, 262
Saturday Morning, exercises
on, 405
Scaife, W. L., v, 43
Schaeffer, Nathan C., 13, 41
Schaper, Dr. Fritz, 19, 39, 421
Schaper, Mme., 45
Schamhorst, General G. L. D.
von, 339, 340, 341
Schmidlapp, J. G., 13, 40
Schurman, Jacob G., 13, 40,
131
Schwab, C. M., 13
Schwab, J. C, 130
Schweinitz, Greneral H. L. von,
352, 353 .
Scotland, gifts received from
Mr. Carnegie, 396
Scott, H. L., 182
tific Difficulty,'* 327
"Some Jewels Set Together,"
449
Southern Educational Fund,
382
Spain, guests invited from, 26
Spencer, Herbert, 57
Stanford, Leland, Jimior,
University, 147
Stead, Dr. W. T., 21, 39, 422;
address by, 351
Stead, Mrs., 45
Stephenson, George, 312
Stevens Institute of Tech-
nology, 172
Stewart, William, 246
Stockholm, University of, 222
Stokes, Anson Phelps, Jr., 211
Stone, Winthrop E., 13, 40,
166
463
INDEX
Strauss, Dr. Richard, 230
Strutt, R., 333
Stuart, Gilbert C, 289
Suess, E., 22 1
Swain, Joseph, 173
Swarthmore College, 173
Sweden, guests invited from,
27
Swinderen, Jonkheer, 24, 39
Switzerland, guests invited
from, 27; Hochschule, Bern,
215
Syracuse University, 174
Taylor, Charles L., v, 43
Taylor, J. M., 198
Tea for the Ladies, 369
Tebar, J. M., 232
Technological Society of Kan-
sas City, 1 75
Tennessee, University of, 192
Thamin, R., 224
Thach, C. C, 105
Thomas, J. F., 13
Thomas, M. C, 120
Thomas S. Clarkson Memorial
School of Technology, 1 76
Thompson, Dwinel F., 13, 41
Thomson, John, 13, 135
Thurlings, Prof. Dr. A., 215
Thursday afternoon, exercises
on, 45
Thursday morning, reception
of guests, 31
Thursday night, gala concert
on, 99
Thwing, Charles F., 13, 40,
203
Tocqueville, A. C. H. M. C.
de, 388
Tokyo, University of, 265
Trinity College, 177
"Triumphant American De-
mocracy," 388
Trustees of Carnegie Insti-
tute, v; Mr. Carnegie's ap-
preciation of, 67
Tulane University of Louis-
iana, 179
Turkey, guests invited from,
27
Turner, William, 245
Tuskegee Normal and Indus-
trial Institute, 180
Union College, 181
United States Military Acad-
emy, 182
United States National Mu-
seum, 171
United States Naval Acad-
emy, 183
Universite d'Aix-Marseille,
223
Universite de Bordeaux, 224
Universite de Paris, 225
Uruguay, guests invited from,
27
Vanderbilt University, 197
Vanderhoef, George, 13
van Hise, C. R., 194
Vassar College, 198
Venezuela, guests invited from,
27
Venezuela, Universidad Cen-
tral de, 232
Vetter, Theodore, 256
Victor Emmanuel III, King of
Italy, 361
Vienna, Kaiserliche Akademie
der V^^issenschaf ten, 22 1
Virginia, University of, 193
Voorst, Mr. Van, 270
464
INDEX
Wactzholdt, G. D., 13
Walcott, Charles D., 13, 40,
171
Walker, T. B., 153
Wall, A. Bryan, v, 43
Walters, E. R., v, 43
Warfield, E. D., 143
Warren, Joseph W., 120
Washington and Jefferson
College, 200
Washington and Lee Univer-
sity, 201
Washington, Booker T., 13,
41, 180
Washington, George, 82, 287,
297» 34o» 380
Washington University, 199
Wasson, J. C, v, 43, 63
Watt, James, 306, 312
Welch, William H., 13, 40
Wellesley College, 202
Werner, John, v, 43
Wesley, John, 304
Western Reserve University,
203
Western University of Penn-
sylvania, 204; conferring of
degrees by, 405
Westinghouse, (Jeorge, 14, 40
Westinghouse, Mrs. George, 46
West Virginia University, 206
Wharton, Joseph, 14, 40, 71
White, Henry, 218
Whitfield, Henry D., 14
Willert, Arthur, 14
William II, German Emperor,
34* 69, 70, 72, 352> 359» 39^
39^» 393» 406, 408, 410;
cablegram from, 411; gifts
from, 425-444; letter of
thanks to, 447
Williams College, 207
Williamson Free School of
Mechanical Trades, 208
Wilson, George H., 37, 46, 58
Wilson, W. E., 333
Wisconsin, University of, 194
Woodward, R. S., 14, 40, 121
Woodwell, Joseph R., v, 43
WooUey, Mary E., 153
Wooster, University of, 195
Worcester Art Museum, 209
Worcester Polytechnic Insti-
tute, 210
Wycliff, John, 304
Yale, Elihu, 64
Yale University, 130, 211
Zevort, Dr., 265
Zoological Society of London,
257
Zom, Anders L., 450
Zurich, University of, 256
465
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