THE LIBRARY
OF
THE UNIVERSITY
OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
WOLFE
4AL BANK BUILDING
ESVILLE, VIRGINIA
FARM LAN!
M.
7. H.Volfe,
COL. JOHN BOWIE STRANGE
19TH VIRGINIA REGIMENT, C. S. A.
Killed at Boonesborough, Sept. 14, 1862
"Non ille patria timidus perire"
MEMORIAL HISTORY
OF THE
JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP, UNITED
CONFEDERATE VETERANS
including some account of others who served in the
Confederate Armies from Albemarle County
together with brief sketches of the
ALBEMARLE CHAPTER OF THE UNITED
DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY
AND THE
R. T. W. DUKE CAMP, SONS OF
CONFEDERATE VETERANS
" No nation rose so white and fair ;
None fell so pure of crime."
Publishing Committee :
C. B. LINNEY CHANNING M. BOLTON JOHN Z. HOLLADAY
Edited by
HOMER RICHEY
Adjutant R. T. W. Duke Camp, S. C. V.
Press of
THE MICHIE COMPANY
Charlottesville, Virginia
1920
TO THE ALBEMARLE CHAPTER OF THE UNITED
DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY
<:
whose fealty and untiring devotion to our
Camp has evoked our deepest and most
lasting gratitude, and without some account
of which our history would be incomplete,
this volume is affectionately dedicated by
JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP
o
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448800
PREFACE.
It is no mean purpose that seeks to perpetuate the memory of
those who have contributed to that which is best and noblest in
the moral, intellectual and spiritual uplift of a community. Be-
lieving, therefore, that they voice the sentiment and wishes of a
large number of the citizens of Charlottesville and Albemarle,
it is the purpose of the John Bowie Strange Camp, aided by the
Albemarle Chapter of the Daughters of the Confederacy and
the R. T. W. Duke Camp, Sons of Confederate Veterans, to per-
•petuate in this memorial volume, not only the history of the
Camp as an organization, but to honor the memory of those
who wore the gray by giving short sketches of the lives and
services of its individual members, living and dead, as well as
some account of others who served in the Confederate armies
from Albemarle County, though never actually members of this
Camp.
To this end, we have included, in addition to the above, a
complete roster of the Camp and a number of the addresses de-
livered upon Memorial Day and Lee Birthday occasions and at
the dedicatory exercises of the monuments to Colonel John
Bowie Strange and to our Confederate soldiers.
It is very much regretted that the magnificent monuments
to Robert Edward Lee and Stonewall Jackson, the gifts of that
noble philanthropist; Mr. Paul G. Mclntire, which are soon to
adorn the parks presented by him to his native city, are not yet
in place, and that it is impossible, therefore, to include any ac-
count of their dedication, or even cuts thereof, in this book.
To those who have so willingly and graciously contributed
Memorial and Lee Birthday addresses and sketches for this me-
morial book; to the Michie Publishing Company who have so
generously aided us in its publication; and to Mr. Homer Richey
who has so painstakingly edited .it, we make our profound ac-
knowledgments and return our sincere thanks.
In presenting the book to the public, let it be said that it i>
VI PREFACE
done in the full belief that the time will never come in the his-
tory of our Southland when any effort to perpetuate the mem-
ory of those who wore the gray will need an apology.
The stately and costly monuments to the memory of our great
leaders, soon to be unveiled in our handsome parks, and our
beautiful Memorial Day exercises, instituted by the Daughters
of the Confederacy, bear indisputable evidence of our devotion
to those who made the supreme sacrifice as well as to others of
our fathers who have contributed in large measure to the his-
tory of our city and community.
We present this souvenir of a glorious past trusting that it
may not only adorn your library, but have an appreciative place
in your affections.
C. B. LINNEY,
CHANNING M. BOLTON,
JOHN Z. HOLLIDAY,
Publication Committee from John Bowie Strange Camp.
MRS. GLASSELL FITZHUGH,
Miss SALLY DOSWELL,
MRS. IRWIN SCHNEIDER,
MRS. J. FULTON WILLIAMS,
Miss MINNIE MEADE,
Historical Committee of the Albemarle Chapter
of the United Daughters of the Confederacy.
HENRY W. BATTLE,
Commander of the R. T. W. Duke Camp,
Sons -of Confederate Veterans.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
OFFICERS OF JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP 1
ROSTER OF JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP 2
SKETCH OF Jomsr BOWIE STRANGE CAMP 6
THE ALBEMARLE CHAPTER OF THE UNITED DAUGHTERS OF
THE CONFEDERACY
Presidents of the Chapter 11
History of the Chapter 12
Mrs. James Mercer Garnett, sketch 17
Miss Sallie J. Doswell, sketch 19
Mrs. Glassell Fitzhugh, sketch 21
Charles Beale Linney, a tribute from the Daughters ... 22
THE R. T. W. DUKE CAMP, SONS OF CONFEDERATE VET-
ERANS, sketch 23
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD OF JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP. . 24
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING OF JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP 152
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
The Monument in University Cemetery
v Major Robert Stiles' address 182
The Monument in Court Square
Account of dedication, by J. H. Lindsay 190
Captain Carlton McCarthy's speech '. 190
Major John W. Daniel's address 192
Congressman McCall 192
Reunion and banquet 192
The Monument to Colonel John Bowie Strange
Account of dedication 193
Dr. Battle's prayer. . .- 194
Judge R. T. W. Duke's address 195
The Washington Reunion and the Dedication of the
Lee Monument at Gettysburg
Mr. C. B. Linney's account 203
VI II CONTENTS
The Lee and Jackson Monuments in the Charlottesvillc
Parks PAGE
Resolutions and correspondence 205
MKMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
Memorial Day, May 30, 19 —
Professor Wm. M. Thornton's address 208
Memorial Day, May 30, 1916
Account, of, from Daily Progress 218
Dr. Petrie's prayer 219
Rev. H. B. Lee's address 221
Memorial Day, May 30, 1917
Account of, from Daily Progress 225
Mr. Tucker's prayer . 227
Mr. Linney's introduction 227
Dr. Henry W. Battle's address 228
Memorial Day, May 30, 1918
Dr. Petrie's prayer 231
Mr. Albert S. Boiling's address 232
Memorial Day, May 30, 1919
Account of exercises 234
Mr. Mason's prayer 235
Major Bartlett Boiling's address 235
Rev. Russell Bowie's address . ; ' 236
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
Judge R. T. W. Duke's address 238
Dr. George L. Petrie's address 250
Dr. Richard Heath Dabney's address 257
Dr. Thomas Fitzhugh's address 270
APPENDIX 281
OFFICERS OF JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP.
1889-1919.
COMMANDERS.
1889-1892. Major General Thomas L. Rosser.
1892-1896. Captain J. Mercer Garnett.
1897-1898. Major General Thomas L. Rosser.
1898-1899. Judge John M. White.
1899-1900. Captain Micajah Woods.
1900-1901. Major General Thomas L. Rosser.
1901-1905. Captain H. Clay Michie.
1905-1909. Captain Micajah Woods.
1909-1911. C. H. Walker.
1911-1913. W. C. Payne.
1913-1914. Captain H. Clay Michie.
1914-1918. Major Channing M. Bolton.
1918- Bartlett Boiling.
CHAPLAIN.
1889- George L. Petrie, D. D.
ADJUTANTS.
1889-1890. Colonel C. C. Wertenbaker.
1890-1891. Major Horace W. Jones.
1891-1906. Lieutenant W. N. Wood.
1906-1909. Lew Wood.
1909- Charles Beale Linney.
[i]
ROSTER JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP.
1889 to 1919.
MAJOR GENERAL.
Thomas L. Rosser.
A. L. Long.
R. T. W. Duke.
A. L. Grigsby.
John W. Mallet.
W. E. Peters.
C. H. S. Baxter.
William N. Berkley.
C. M. Bolton.
James G. Field.
Horace W. Jones.
James Y. Bragg.
J. C. Culin.
Eugene Davis.
J. M. Garnett.
J. P. Jones.
C. M. Louthan.
L. S. Marye.
BRIGADIER GENERAL.
COLONELS.
C. S. Peyton.
Bennett Taylor.
C. S. Venable.
C. C. Wertenbaker.
MAJORS.
R. F. Mason.
William Peake.
Green M. Peyton.
John D. Watson.
CAPTAINS.
H. Clay Michie.
William W. Minor.
Thomas R. Price.
S. V. Southall.
C. E. Vawter.
L. Q. Williams.
Micajah Woods.
LIEUTENANTS.
Everett W. Early.
C. D. Fishburne.
W. M. Fontaine.
George L. Gordon.
Mason Gordon.
Milton W. Humphreys.
Eugene O. Michie.
Dr. W. E. Norris.
John D. Watson.
Wm. Nathaniel Wood
Charles E. Young.
[2]
ROSTER OF CAMP
John William Jones.
CHAPLAINS.
George L. Petrie.
SURGEONS.
C. E. Chancellor.
T. M. Dunn.
George Tucker Harrison.
John R. Page.
W. C. N. Randolph.
Archibald Taylor.
NON-COM MISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES.
J. M. Anderson.
J. R. Baber.
J. B. Baker.
James C. Bailey.
R. G. Bailey.
Henry J. Balz.
J. H. Barksdale.
W. S. Bashaw.
Robert Bass.
J. R. Battaille.
W. S. Beasley.
Newton Beckwith.
Lewis W. Bellamy.
C. P. Benson.
Elwood Beyers.
A. P. Bibb.
Jonathan Bishop.
D. M. Blain.
J. S. Blake.
Bartlett Boiling.
Ezra M. Brown.
John M. Brown.
James R. Bryant.
R. E. Buffom.
James S. Burcher.
Smith Burchest.
B. F. Burgess.
R. N. Burgess.
W. J. Burke.
D. W. Burnley.
W. R. Burton.
James B. Butler.
R. H. Carr.
John P. Carter.
Robert Christian.
John W. Christmas.
S. S. Clements.
J. N. Clifton.
N. G. Clifton.
Judge John L. Cochran.
W. P. Connell.
A. D. Cox.
L. W. Cox.
Thomas J. Craddock.
W. H. Crockford.
Thomas M. Crosby.
George W. Culin.
Daniel Davis.
Wilber B. Davis.
Marshall Dinwiddie.
Walthall Dinwiddie.
R. L. Dobbins.
J. W. Dolin.
J. A. Druin.
R. W. Duke.
W. R. Duke.
ROSTER OF CAMP
M. M. DuPree.
Frank S. Durrett.
John D. Durrett.
S. M. Edwards.
F. M. Estes.
M. Ferneyhough.
R. H. Fife.
P. W. Fitch.
W. W. Flannagan.
Joseph Frank.
John O. Fretwell.
W. J. Fretwell.
J. L. Fry.
P. W. Garland.
John O. Garrison.
H. N. Gianniny.
J. E. Gibson.
W. G. Gillispie.
George Walker Gilmer.
Willis H. Gooch.
Joseph Griffin.
C. H. Guatkins.
R. W. Hall.
L. T. Hanckel.
J. F. Harlan.
George W. Harlow.
Fred Hartnagle.
A. L. Holladay.
John Z. Holladay.
H. M. Hope.
J. S. Hopkins.
H. M. Humphreys.
J. N. James.
J. L. Jarman.
E. T. Jessup.
George I. Johnson.
Marcellus Johnson.
John R. Jones.
Thomas S. Jones.
W. T. Jones.
Wilber J. Keblinger.
W. R. Kent.
J. W. King.
William Lankford.
W. H. Leathers.
C. B. Linney.
W. F. Lobban.
J. T. Madison.
Auburn Mann.
H. C. Marchant.
P. H. Marshall.
R. A. Marshall.
John G. Martin.
J. W. Martin.
Thomas R. Maupin.
N. C. McGee.
James D. Mclntire.
John McKinney.
R. S. Meade.
J. F. Melton.
John P. Melton.
H. B. Michie.
George R. Minor.
James P. Moon.
I. K Moran.
John H. Morris.
W. M. Morris.
R. A. Munday.
J. M. Murphey.
Hugh T. Nelson.
P. W. Nelson.
W. W. Norvell.
G. W. Olivier.
Hillary Pace.
J. C. Painter.
W. N. Parrott.
ROSTER OF CAMP
A. W. Payne.
W. C. Payne.
W. G. Payne.
Georgq Perkins.
James Perley.
William E. Perley.
R. C. Pitman.
L. S. Pleasants.
James M. Poates.
W. H. Ponton.
H. D. Potter.
D. J. Purvis.
Oscar Rierson.
John A. Rix.
John S. Robson.
T. H. Rothwell.
John A. Shackelford.
Z. N. Shackelford.
Horace Shiflett.
Samuel Siders.
Cephas Sinclair.
C. G. Sinclair.
George A. Sinclair.
Charles G. Skinner.
J. Massie Smith.
J. W. Smith.
Thomas H. Smith.
•W. J. Smith.
C. B. Sommerville.
George W. Spooner.
John Spooner.
Daniel W. Stratton.
Granville E. Taylor.
N. A. Terrell.
W. M. Thomas.
William Beverly Towles.
T. A. Trice.
John J. Utz.
R. C. Vandegrift.
C. H. Walker.
W. Dalton Warren.
C. E. Watts.
C. M. Wayt.
W. C. Webb.
Joseph X. Wheat.
W. D. Wheeler.
Judge John M. White.
E. W. Wilkerson.
J. Edward Williams.
T. J. Williams.
B. B. Wills.
Fred M. Wills.
A. Coke Wingfield.
C. H. M. Wingfield.
J. F. Wingfield.
Walker M. Wingfield.
W. H. Wolfe.
Lew Wood.
John F. Yancey.
VV. M. Young.
GLIMPSES OF JOHN BOWIE STRANGE CAMP.
BY C. B. LINNEY.
The most sanguinary conflict of all time had dragged its
slow-length along through four years of varying successes and
defeats. Southern valor and chivalry had been put to the test,
and had vindicated its right to supremacy. Patriotism had
touched its highest reach, and the godly women of the South
had adhered to the cause with a tenacity and devotion, demand-
ing more moral courage than that of the battle field. Gettys-
burg, Antietam, Spottsylvania Court House, Cold Harbor and
Shiloh had suffered nothing by comparison with the great mili-
tary conflicts of the world, and the smoke of the midnight as-
sault on the Federal lines at Petersburg that was to test the su-
premacy of the contending armies had scarcely passed away,
when the curtain was to fall on the great military drama at Ap-
pomattox.
The picture suddenly changes. Through a rift in the cloud
the rainbow of hope, which springs eternal in the human breast,
appears to brighten the sombre scene.
The house of our fathers was to be set in order. Was there
to be any solace for those who wore the weeds of mourning;
could tbe vacant place at the fireside ever be filled ; could time
be found in the mighty struggle for existence to pay adequate
homage and tribute to the heroic dead?
The answer was the Daughters of the Confederacy. For,
after all, what is the Camp without the Chapter? It is as the
shadow without the substance, the dross in the crucible after
the refiner has extracted the pure gold, and as the passing of
the storm, without the bright effulgence of the bow of promise.
Their quick conception of duty and privilege evolved and insti-
tuted the beautiful Memorial Day exercises that have brought
comfort and cheer to thousands who had been stricken and sad-
dened by reason of the war; while the Lee Birthday celebra-
te]
SKETCH OF CAMP 7
tions, with their delightful social features, have ever been the
inspiration and charm of the veterans. Their manifold and
continuous charities have brightened the life of many a poverty-
stricken follower of Lee, and the remnants of Lee's army, in-
spired by their lofty patriotism, have not been unmindful of the
trust and obligation to the sacred dead, committed to their
keeping. All over our Southland they assembled to devise
means and plans to perpetuate the memory of the heroic cham-
pions of constitutional rights. Stately and costly monuments
have been erected on court greens and in the cities, bearing
silent 'but eloquent tribute to the virtues of those who paid the
supreme sacrifice.
Confederate camps were organized in every community.
John Bowie Strange Camp was among the first to respond to
the call and was number fourteen in the list of camps. The
organization was effected August 22nd, 1889, in the quaint old
Court House on the Square, Albemarle's court of justice and
mercy, twin attributes of our Maker, and by which we are to
be judged at the great assize. It was a notable gathering. All
branches of the service were represented. Major General
Thomas L. Rosser, the brave and intrepid cavalryman, was
chosen Commander. Dr. George L. Petrie, whose able Gospel
sermons and godly life, and whose tender, loving ministration
in the field and in the camp had endeared him to the heart of
every soldier, was elected Chaplain. The University's contribu-
tion was a Mallet, Humphreys, Price, Venable, Harrison,
Towles, Fontaine, Peters, Garnett, Davis and Page, a galaxy of
names which has brought prestige and honor to that distin-
guished institution of learning, and soldiers all, no less re-
nowned in war than in the field of letters. Then there was the
brave and fearless Colonel R. T. W. Duke, of the Forty-sixth
Regiment, who was honored with the First Lieutenant Com-
mander's place in the organization. The fearless leader of the
Fifty-sixth Infantry, Colonel A. J. Griggsby, a master of the art
of "cussing," whom General Jackson denominated the emphatic
Griggsby," was another of the original members. Others had
been members of A. P. Hill's "Bloody Thirteenth Regiment," a
8 SKETCH OF CAMP
regiment whose flag-bearer was seven times severely wounded in
as many battles, and who returned each time to take his flag.
But we pause, lest there be no place for that indispensable ele-
ment of the service, the private soldier, whose heroic deeds are
seldom perpetuated in bronze or marble, notwithstanding he
shed his blood by thousands on many a gory field "to lift one
hero into fame."
But it is the social feature of the Camp that has ever been
its chief delight and pleasure. With so interesting a theme,
and with many of its members adepts in the art of speaking,
the Camp has repeatedly enjoyed addresses from its own and
visiting speakers.
Would you see the Camp at its best. Lee's Birthday has ar-
rived. The Daughters of the Confederacy have extended a
gracious and insistent invitation to the Camp to be present at
the exercises. The Adjutant has exhausted his vocabulary to
find words that would adequately express the gratitude of the
members for these frequent manifestations of their kindness
and regard. The veterans have donned their best military at-
tire, and are entering the hall, their breasts swelling with con-
scious pride and pleasure as they pass the long line of the
Daughters' reception committee. They are seated, and the
Chaplain has invoked the divine blessing on the occasion. The
orator of the day has been introduced and is discoursing elo-
quently of the virtues and military genius of the great com-
mander. The luncheon has been announced, and the smiling
and aged veterans are feasting on viands and delicacies "found
in king's palaces." The luncheon over, they repair to the hall,
where the thrilling events and stories of the war are to be re-
produced. The first speaker has seen much of the erstwhile
actors in the mighty conflict, but with mock modesty has lit-
tle to tell. The second speaker has seen little but relates much.
His vivid imagination has full sway, and he is picturing battle
fields so realistic and lifelike that you can almost imagine you
are in the midst of the fight. The stories over, music, the poet's
song, the lover's theme and the soldier's inspiration on the field
of battle, begins. Albemarle's prima donnas have reproduced
SKETCH OF CAMP
"Maryland, My Maryland" and ''Home Sweet Home;" and the
inspiring notes of "Dixie" have scarcely died away when
"Tenting To-night on the Old Camp Ground" is concluding the
program.
Your veteran has now assumed an easy nonchalant attitude.
His head is slightly inclined to the rear. His eyes are dream-
ily closing, and the smoke of his Havana is shaping fantastic
figures in the air, while his foot is keeping perfect time with
the music. His summum bonuni has been reached, and such
ecstatic joy is seldom seen this side the great white throne.
Again the picture changes. These gray hairs, beclouded vi-
sions, and faltering steps are indisputable evidences that our
Camp, which we so highly prize and honor, will soon be a thing
of the past; grim reminders that we shall soon come to the
parting of the way and the crossing of the bar, and that the
places which now know us, will soon know us no more forever.
We have had our seasons of joy and good fellowship, and,
thanks to the Daughters of the Confederacy (God bless them),
who have never forsaken us, we have enjoyed many happy oc-
casions together. Sorrow has often mingled with our joy, as
one by one our comrades have passed over the river, but
there has always been the silver lining in the cloud pointing to
a happy and joyous reunion hereafter. On every Memorial
Day we have met to place the flower of our devotion on the
graves of our departed comrades, and each recurring birthday
of our great commander has found us paying highest tribute
to his many virtues and noble character. And so, today, we
have reached the supreme moment in our history when we are
called upon to put in substantial and enduring form our hearts'
best tribute of praise — Our memorial book dedicated to the
Daughters of the Confederacy.
On beautiful Broadway, New York, two groups of Federal
and Confederate soldiers are approaching each other. Greet-
ings are exchanged, for soldiers bear no animosity. The bat-
tle of Gettysburg is the theme of converse. The Federals were
participants in that world-famed conflict, and bear generous tes-
timony to the splendid valor of the Confederate soldiers as ex-
10 SKETCH OF CAMP
hibited on that eventful day Pickett's regiments had been re-
duced to companies ; companies to squads ; when there ap-
peared on the Federal front a mere handful of Confederates,
led by their captain, struggling to reach the wall. His hat and
sword were extended above his head, and amidst the tumult
and din of the battle his clarion voice was ringing out, "Come
on, men; come on! My God, would you live forever?"
To the soldier patriot, it was the expression of the intense
emotion of a soul, on fire for liberty; to us of today, the burn-
ing question of the hour, "Would you live forever?"
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THE ALBEMARLE CHAPTER OF THE UNITED
DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY.
"Love Makes Memory Eternal."
Presidents of Albemarle Chapter No. 1.
'HONORARY PRESIDENT.
Mrs. James Mercer Garnett.*
SECOND HONORARY PRESIDENT.
Mrs. Simon Leterman.
PRESIDENTS.
Mrs. James M. Garnett.
Miss Morelle Davis.
Mrs. Charles C. Wertenbaker.
Mrs. Moses Leterman.
Mrs. Noah K. Davis.
Miss Fannie Berkeley.
.Miss Sallie J. Doswell.
Mrs. George W. Olivier.
Mrs. Charles C. Wertenbaker.
Miss Sallie J. Doswell.
Mrs. Glassell Fitzhugh.
'Editor's Note: Mrs. Garnett died December 8th, 1919, just after
this volume went to the printer. She was buried at Middleburg,
Maryland, December 10th, 1919.
[Ill
HISTORY OF THE CHAPTER.
The Albemarle Chapter of the United Daughters of the Con-
federacy was organized May 15th, 1894, largely through the
efforts of Mrs. James Mercer Garnett, who became its first
president and afterwards first president of the Grand Division
of Virginia.
The organization of the Chapter, the first in the South (six
months prior to the Nashville Chapter), came about in this
way: In May, 1894, the John Bowie Strange Camp, U. C. \ .,
which had been organized August 22nd, 1889, sent a request,
through Dr. Garnett, to the ladies of the Confederate Me-
morial Association, of which Mrs Garnett was treasurer, ask-
ing them to form an auxiliary to the Camp to aid in the care
of sick and needy Confederate soldiers.
Mrs. Garnett laid the request before the society at a meeting
held at Mrs. C. C. Wertenbaker's home, urging that the request
of the Camp be granted. The -majority of the society "de-
clined to join in the enterprise in any way, or to change their
1-lans." Mrs. Garnett, undiscouraged, wrote a note to the Camp
at once, pledging herself to form an auxiliary to be called "The
Daughters of the Confederacy," and to interest enough friends
to begin work at once for the Camp. The Camp accepted her
offer in a most cordial note, which is still preserved, and she
lost not an hour in calling on those she felt were in sympa-
thy with the veterans. Pursuant to her call, Mrs. Xoah K. Da-
vis, Mrs. F. H. Smith, Mrs. C. C. Wertenbaker, Miss Cynthia
Berkeley, Miss Gillie Hill, Miss Mary Yandegrift and Mrs.
William Southall met at Professor Garnett's home on West
Lawn, the 15th day of May, 1894, and organized the Chapter.
Mrs. Garnett was elected President, Mrs. Wertenbaker, Yice-
President, Miss Berkeley, Secretary, Miss Mary Vandegrift,
Treasurer, and Mrs. Francis H. Smith, Chaplain. The latter,
with Mrs. Davis, Miss Hall and Mrs. Southall, formed the
Executive committee.
[12]
HISTORY OF THE DAUGHTERS 13
In the absence of certain ladies who wished to join the Chap-
ter, the next meeting was postponed from June to October 15th
for adoption of a formal constitution, by-laws and badge. The
badge, designed by Mrs. Garnett, was adopted as the Virginia
badge. The printed by-laws of that time state these facts in
full, and the minutes of that October meeting show that the
following ladies were enrolled as charter members :
Misses Cynthia, Edmonia and- Fannie Berkeley, Miss Jose-
phine Cox and her nieces, Misses Mary, Annie, Amelia and
Josephine Cox, Mrs. Noah K. Davis, Mrs. T. W. Elsom, Mrs.
Sophie Eiseman, Mrs. James M. Garnett, Mrs. J. H. Gilmore,
Mrs. Louis Hanckel, Miss Gillie Hill, Mrs. Milton Humphreys,
Misses Louise, Nannie, Jennie and Mary Humphreys, Mrs. M.
Kaufman, Mrs. Simon Leterman, Mrs. Moses Leterman, Mrs.
Phil Leterman, Mrs. M. M. S. Long, Miss Mary Long, Miss
Lizzie Mclntire, Miss Minnie Meade, Mrs. W. E. Norris, Mrs.
Green Peyton, Mrs. Wilson Randolph, Mrs. John R. Sampson,
Mrs. Francis H. Smith, Mrs. William Southall, Mrs. W. D.
Towles, Mrs. R. C. Vandegrift, Misses Rosa, Mary and Lizzie
Yandegrift, Mrs. Charles S. Venable, Mrs. W. D. Warren,
Mrs. Charles C. Wertenbaker and Miss Ella Wertenbaker.
In April, 1895, the Albemarle Chapter, as the first in the
State, exercised the right of organizing other chapters. By
February 12th, 1896, a division of twelve chapters was formed,
named the "Grand Division'' in honor of the Grand Camp of
the United Confederate Veterans. This division was formed at
the home of Dr. Garnett at the University. As but three chap-
ters are necessary for a division, it could have been formed
six months earlier, the Newport News Chapter having been
organized in May, 1895, and the Petersburg and Roanoke Chap-
ters in August of that same year. But as Richmond and other
chapters were forming and wished to take part in the first
general convention at Nashville, the organizing of the Virginia
division was delayed that they might be included therein.
This accidental delay led to the forming of two divisions in
the State in this way: At the Nashville Convention, Headquar-
ters, after welcoming Albemarle, and stating that a charter had
been sent authorizing her to organize other chapters in Virginia,
14 .HISTORY OF THE DAUGHTERS
proceeded to authorize Alexandria (organized in 1895) to do the
same thing; so that in the fall of that year (1896) the Alexan-
dria Chapter organized another division of three chapters.
However, both were working for the same cause, and what
seemed at first a complication was happily adjusted at Lynch-
burg, the two divisions meeting there and uniting under the
common name, "The Virginia Division." At this time sixty
chapters nad 'been organized, by the Grand Division, forty in
one year through constant appeals from Mrs. Garnett by letter
to every place where a chapter seemed possible.
On November llth, 1897, when the U. D. C. met in Balti-
more, the Grand Division was enrolled with them, an accident
having prevented it being done a year before. Mrs. Norman V.
Randolph cast sixty-five votes for the Grand Division, thus ad-
ding about two thousand members to the General Society.
One of the principal objects of the Albemarle Chapter is the
relief of the unfortunate veterans in the city and county, and
although the number grows smaller each year, there are still a
few on the list who receive their monthly check. In addition
to this, well filled 'baskets go to them at Christmas, and money
is sent to those of the Albemarle veterans who are in the Sol-
diers' Home at Richmond. Two widows of veterans have been
helped and one is still on the list, and the Chapter owns two
rolling chairs which are loaned to invalids who are unable to
procure them otherwise. Flowers and fruit are sent to the sick
veterans in the local hospitals, and the "stranger within the
gates" is never turned away if help is necessary.
While no war work was done by the Chapter as an organiza-
tion during the late world-conflict, its members individually
did their "bit," and through the generosity of the author of
"The War Time Dixie" (the words of which were composed
by Dr. P. B. Barringer of the University, Virginia), the Chapter
was enabled to dispose of a good many copies, the money being
contributed to war work.
A check was sent towards endowing beds in a hospital in
Neuilly, France, dedicated to the memory of Robert E. Lee and
Jefferson Davis, and contributions have been made to various
HISTORY OF THE DAUGHTERS 15
monuments at home and in other states; also to the Y. M. C.
A., District Nurse, Education, Museum and Relief Funds, The
Hall of Fame Window for Confederate Women in the South
(at Washington), the Tablets to the Dead Alumni of the Uni-
versity of Virginia on the Rotunda portico; and the greater
part of the money for the Confederate Monument in the Court
House Square in this city, was raised by the Daughters of the
Confederacy.
Shortly after the Chapter was organized the members had
the pleasure of being received by Mrs. Stonewall Jackson, she
being at the time a guest in the home of Dr. Paul B. Barringer
at the University of Virginia. During October, 1908, when the
Grand Camp of the Virginia veterans held its meeting in Char-
lottesville, the Daughters entertained the veterans and Sons of
Veterans at a reception at the Red Land Club. When the Dis-
trict Convention met in Charlottesville in 1910, the Daughters
were hostesses at a large 'reception at Madison Hall. And in
June, 1912, when the University of Virginia presented bronze
war medals to the survivors of the Confederate Alumni, the
Daughters assisted in their entertainment by giving a luncheon
in their honor, and later presented buttons and small silk Con-
federate flags to each veteran alumnus.
The Memorial Day celebrations on May 30th of each year
were instituted by the Daughters of the Confederacy, and the
exercises are always under their direction. Lee's Birthday is
always the occasion for a luncheon by them for our town and
county veterans.
It is the custom of Albemarle Chapter to bestow Crosses of
Honor twice during the year in connection with the annual Lee
Birthday celebration, and with the observance of Memorial
Day at the Confederate Cemetery at the University of Vir-
ginia. Almost every Confederate veteran in the county wears
a cross received from this chapter. In recent years many
crosses have been bestowed upon widows and descendants of
veterans who had died without receiving the cross. This mat-
ter was for a number of years in the hands of the late Mrs. C.
C. Wertenbaker and since her death has been attended to for
16 HISTORY OF THE DAUGHTERS
the Chapter by Mrs. John W. Goss and Miss Isabelle H. Goss.
Numerous rules govern the bestowal of Crosses of Honor and
only veterans are permitted to wear this emblem.
When a Confederate veteran of the town or vicinity answers
the last call, Albemarle Chapter sends a Confederate battle
flag of silk to be laid upon the casket. The custom, suggested
by Mrs. James E. Irvine, a member of the Chapter, and adopted
by it twelve years ago, has seemed fitting as an impartial ex-
pression of the love and reverence which the Daughters feel
for all our heroes of the 'sixties.
To perpetuate the memory of our dear old veterans of '61-
'65, Albemarle Chapter, U. D. C. No. 1, is placing an iron cross
at the grave of every soldier in the city cemeteries. They have
already put in hundreds of them, and as the roll is called and
each old hero passes over the river, this work will go on. This
suggestion was put before the Daughters by Miss Lizzie Mcln-
tire and Misses Carrie and Sallie Burnley, and is carried out
by the committee in charge — Mrs. Lawson Turner, Mrs. Noble
Sneed and Miss Gillie M. Hill.
The present (1919) officers of Albemarle Chapter are:
President, Mrs. Glassell Fitzhugh.
First V ice-President, Mrs. J. Cook Grayson.
Second Vice-President, Mrs. Lawson H. Turner.
Recording Secretary, Mrs. John H. Moomau.
Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Monte Rea.
Treasurer, Mrs. George Perkins.
Registrar, Mrs. J. Fulton Williams.
Historian, Miss Sallie J. Doswell.
Custodian of Crosses, Miss Isabelle H. Goss.
MRS. JAMES MERCER GARNETT
FIRST PRESIDENT ALBEMARLE CHAPTER, U. D. C.
SOME -PRESIDENTS OF THE ALBEMARLE CHAPTER
MRS. JAMES MERCER GARNETT.
BY MRS. E. H. MCPHERSON.
Mrs. James Mercer Garnett, founder and first president of
the Albemarle Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confed-
eracy, No. 1, and of the Grand Division of Virginia, was born
in Middleburg, Loudoun County, Virginia, the second daugh-
ter of Major Burr Powell Noland, C. S. A., and spent her life
there until April 19, 1871, when she married Dr. Garnett, Presi-
dent of St. John's College, Annapolis, Maryland, remaining
there ten years, before coming to the University of Virginia.
Though a child at the beginning of the war, Mrs. Garnett re-
members every event of those trying days that her family and
friends underwent at the hands of the Northern armies pass-
ing through Loudoun and laying waste all in their path.
Her mother, with six children and a governess in her home,
and her family servants, had no protector, but knew not the
meaning of the word fear, even when facing rough foes who
rushed into their home in the dead of night to search and steal.
After the battle of Manassas offers were made by the citizens
"to care for some wounded." Fifteen hundred were sent to
Middleburg, though the population was but three hundred, in-
cluding the negroes. The white men were all in the army ; even
the ministers of the gospel were arrested and put in the old
Capitol Prison in Washington. Mrs. Noland's home and the
cottage on the place were filled with the wounded ; General
York, of Louisiana, being one of them. The Episcopal Church
and yard next door were utilized, as well as all the othe/
churches, and every private home.
Mrs. Garnett remembers the nightly visits with her mother
to carry fruits and cooling drinks to these poor men. To those
who died, a monument, probably the first of its kind in the
country, was erected in 1866 in Mt. Sharon Cemetery, "To the
[171
18 CHAPTER PRESIDENTS
Unknown Dead." On the tombstones at the head of these
graves, arranged in a circle, are the names and states of those
known. The lot is well cared for and the graves are decorated
with flowers and flags on Memorial Day by. the Daughters of
the Confederacy and others.
Colonel Mosby and his men were frequent visitors at Mrs.
Noland's home — a resting place sometimes between the north-
ern "raids;" and in Mrs. Garnett's hall, among other Confed-
erate pictures, with the battle flag and the Virginia flag waving
over all, is a fine picture of Colonel Mosby, sent to her from
San Francisco; also three photographs of his raids inscribed by
him as follows :
1. " Mosby 's Battalion Crossing at Snickersville Gap, Vir-
ginia, August 12, 1864."
2. "Mosby's Battalion — Attack on Sheridan's Train, Berry-
ville, Va., August 13, 1864."
3. "Mosby's Battalion Returning from Berryville, August 13,
1864."
On the back of these pictures, under glass, Colonel Mosby
wrote the names of his officers ; and on one is the inscription :
"Forsan haec olim meminisse juvabit — Presented to my dear
friend, Mrs. Kate Noland Garnett.
John S. Mosby."
Reared amid such scenes and under such influences, Mrs.
Garnett could not have been other than intensely Southern in
her sympathies. Accordingly, we find that her entire life has
been one long chapter of devotion to the principles of the Lost
Cause and of loving and untiring service to the survivors of
the legions which followed Lee and Jackson.
Of her services in founding the Albemarle Chapter, which
was the pioneer chapter of the United Daughters of the Con-
federacy, little need be said, as a full account of her activities
in that connection has been given in the historical account of
that chapter elsewhere in this book.
Mrs. Garnett was President of the Albemarle Chapter until
1896, when she left Virginia ; and of the Grand Division of Vir-
ginia until 1898, when she declined re-election, introducing a
Miss SALLIE J. DOSWELL
HISTORIAN AND FORMER PRESIDENT
Albemarle Chapter, U. D. C.
CHAPTER PRESIDENTS 19
resolution, which was duly adopted, that, "the President shall
reside in the State." She had, while President of the Grand
Division, enrolled it in the General Society of the U. D. C., and
as Chairman of the union of the two divisions in Virginia, had
carried it through successfully, and so felt that her special du-
ties could be now given over to others, though her interest in
the Albemarle Chapter, which was especially dear to her, contin-
ued unabated.
She was made Honorary President and Custodian of Badges,
which office she still holds. She served several years as Vir-
ginia Historian and has contributed many papers and book re-
views to history. She was also "Chairman of History" of the
General Society for two years, the office now called "Historian,"
and arranged the historical plan now generally adopted by the
states. She has served continuously on history committees and
shows unfailing interest in all Confederate matters. Mrs. Gar-
nett says, "My home is in Maryland, but my heart is in Vir-
ginia !"
SALLIE J. DOSWELL.
BY MRS. J. FULTON WILLIAMS.
Sallie J. Doswell, daughter of Major Thomas W. Doswell
(aide to General William E. Stark C. S. A) and Frances Anne
Sutton, was born in Richmond, Virginia, where the early years
of her life were spent. Soon after graduating from the Virginia
Female Institute, Staunton, Virginia, she. with her family, re-
moved to the old Doswell home, "Bullfield," near Hanover
Junction, Virginia, now known as "Doswell." in honor of her
father.
After Major Dos well's death she came with her mother and
three sisters to live at the University of Virginia, where she and
one sister, Miss Norma Doswell, still reside.
She transferred her membership from the Richmond Chap-
ter U. D. C. to the Albemarle Chapter, the history of which
would indeed be incomplete without an honest tribute to the
whole-souled enthusiasm and splendid executive ability, which
has characterized her work in this field.
"Not to sympathize is not to understand ;" so it is but natural
20 CHAPTER PRESIDENTS
that as the daughter of a brave Confederate officer, and having
spent her early life in and around Richmond, the capital of the
Confederacy, she came to us with an understanding that has
been one of the greatest assets of the Albemarle Chapter U. D.
C. She has held consecutively the offices of president, vice-
president and Chapter historian. In 1897 she became president
of the Chapter, succeeding Mrs. Fannie Berkely Williams. She
resigned this office after four years, but was induced to serve
another term as president after the death of Mrs. G. W. Olivier.
She again resigned the presidency and Mrs. Glassell Fitzhugh
was elected to the office, Miss Doswell becoming vice-president.
During her terms of office Miss Doswell had the privilege
of witnessing the unveiling of the handsome Confederate Monu-
ment on the Court House Square and the beautiful bronze tab-
lets on the north front of the University Rotunda, erected by
the special efforts of the Ladies' Confederate Memorial Asso-
ciation.
In 1915, she was made Chapter historian, when with the aid
of the officers she revised for publication the Constitution and
By-Laws, and included a brief sketch of the Chapter.
Besides her interest in the work of the Daughters of the Con-
federacy, Miss Doswell became a member of the Albemarle
Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, in which or-
ganization she filled the office of historian for a term of two
years, resigning her membership at the end of that period to
devote herself more fully to the duties of President of Albe-
marle Chapter, Daughters of the Confederacy.
She seems at all times to have considered it a sweet privilege
to have part in the work of the Albemarle Chapter, and she has
indeed established true claims to the gratitude of its large mem-
bership for her loyalty, her graciousness and the wonder-
ful results of her untiring efforts to keep the Chapter worthy
of its tradftions. She may be justly regarded as the guardian
spirit of the Albemarle Chapter U. D. C.
MRS. GLASSELL FITZHUGH
PRESIDENT ALBEMARLE CHAPTER, U. D. C.
Children: Slaughter and Margaret
CHAPTER PRESIDENTS 21
MRS. GLASSELL FITZHUGH.
BY MRS. E. H. MCPHERSON.
Orie Slaughter Fitzhugh, daughter of the late Reuben Moore
Slaughter and Lucy Watson Turner, was born in Airmen t
County, Virginia. Her father was a brave Confederate sol-
dier, serving as a member of the Little Fork Rangers Cav-
alry. Her mother died when she was an infant and she was
reared by her aunt, Mrs. Annie Slaughter Wingfield, of Cul-
peper — a lovely woman whose memory Ctilpeper delights to
honor.
Mrs. Wingfield was a charter member of the Culpeper Chap-
ter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, and it was through
Mrs. Fitzhugh's early association with this Chapter that she be-
came deeply interested in the work. In 1906 she came to Char-
lottesville as the bride of the late Glassell Fitzhugh. Transfer-
ring her membership from the Culpeper Chapter to the Albe-
marle Chapter, she has been a most enthusiastic worker for the
Daughters and for the Confederate veterans. In 1913 she was
unanimously elected president of the Albemarle Chapter to
succeed Miss Sallie Doswell, which office she still holds.
Albemarle Chapter U. D. C. is among the largest and most
influential chapters of the Virginia Division, and through the
twenty-five years of its history has enjoyed the honor of a suc-
cession of presidents who were women of rare charm of man-
ner, splendid executive ability and a deep reverence for the sac-
rifices made by the Southern soldiers and their families for the
Confederate cause. Mrs. Fitzhugh has proven no exception,
and by her winsome personality has won the love and admira-
tion of those who are in touch with her splendid work.
W'hen Mason Gordon Junior Auxiliary Chapter was organ-
ized, the names of Mrs. Fitzhugh's small son and daughter,
Glassell Slaughter and Margaret Conway, were among the first
enrolled.
CHARLES BEALE LINNEY.
Adjutant of John Bowie Strange Camp.
(A tribute from the Daughters)
BY GERTRUDE MANN.
The Daughters of the Confederacy feel that their contribu-
tion to this book, which seeks to perpetuate the brave deeds of
"our boys in gray," who are members of the John Bowie Strange
Camp United Confederate Veterans, would be incomplete with-
out some recognition and appreciation of the devoted and self-
sacrificing services rendered by Mr. Charles Beale Linney, Ad-
jutant of the Camp.
Mr. Linney came among us a number of years ago to make
his home, and there has never been a time that he has not been
manifestly interested in the "Veterans." Since his election as
Adjutant of the Camp about ten years ago to succeed the late
Mr. Lew Wood, he has found no service too hard to perform
when looking after his comrades. Wherever there is sickness
and sorrow, wherever there is want, wherever there is advice to
be given, there he is found at his post willing and anxious to
serve. And what has been said about his helpfulness to the
"Veterans" may also be said in regard to his cooperation with
the "Daughters." No Memorial Day exercises are complete
without him, and at the celebration of Lee's Birthday he is al-
ways ready and willing to lend himself to the success of the oc-
casion, and yet going about it with such modest mien that one
has to put together the many little acts of kindness in order that
they may see the whole beautifully blended, and thus catch the
real spirit of the man and the soldier.
No wonder then with his mind so filled with devotion to the
cause, and for those with whom he served, that he should have
caught "the vision" and had a desire to see recorded the deeds
of those brave men who are so dear to the hearts of the South-
land. Phillips Brooks once said, "It is a joy to do something
which shall not merely touch the present, but shall reach for-
ward to the future," and it was with this thought in mind that
Mr. Linney has given of his time and his strength to get to-
gether the data for this interesting and valuable book.
[22]
CHARLES B. LJNNEY
Co. D, 25TH VA. BAT'L'N INF., C. S. A.
Adjutant John Bowie Strange Camp
R. T. W. DUKE CAMP, SONS OF CONFEDERATE
VETERANS.
The R. T. W. Duke Camp, Sons of Confederate Veterans,
was organized Tuesday, April 18th, 1893, in Charlottesville,
Virginia, and named for Colonel R. T. W. Duke, a sketch of
whose life appears in this volume. The first officers were:
R. T. W. Duke, Jr., Commander; James Lindsay Gordon,
Lieutenant Commander; John S. White, Adjutant; George R.
B. Michie, Treasurer; with about one hundred members.
The Camp, with almost its entire strength, took part in the
re-interment of President Jefferson Davis at Richmond, Va.,
on May 31st, 1893, and on- June 7th, 1893, took part in the dedi-
cation of the Confederate Monument in the cemetery at the
University of Virginia, on which occasion Major Stiles deliv-
ered the address, parts of which are contained in this volume.
The Camp, at various times at its meetings, has been addressed
by a number of distinguished soldiers. Colonel John W. Mal-
let, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Virginia, and
a distinguished officer in the Ordnance Department of the Con-
federate States, delivered a very interesting and instructive ad-
dress on the Ordnance Department of the Confederate Gov-
ernment. Professor Milton W. Humphreys of the University,
spoke on "How it feels to go into a battle."
The present (1919) officers of the Camp are:
Commander, Henry W. Battle.
Lieutenant Commander, John S. Patton.
Adjutant, Homer Richey.
Treasurer, W. W. Waddell.
The motto of the camp is "Patria et Virtus Patriae."
[23]
Sketches of the Dead.
GENERALS.
MAJOR-GENERAL THOMAS L. ROSSER.
BY L. ROSSER, JR.
Thomas L. Rosser, the first Commander of the John Bowie
Strange Camp, was born on October 15th, 1836, in Campbell
County, Virginia. His father, Colonel John Rosser, moved
with his family to Texas in 1849, and it was from that state that
Thomas L. Rosser was appointed to the U. S. Military Acad-
emy at West Point in 1856. He was in the graduating class of
1861 when the Civil War began, but, after the firing on Fort
Sumpter, left the Academy and came South, receiving a com-
mission as First Lieutenant of Artillery in the Confederate
Army. He was in the First Battle of Mannassas and soon aft-
erwards was made a captain. He won the admiration of his
commanding officers and rose rapidly, receiving his promotion
as Brigadier General on October 15th, 1863, his twenty-seventh
birthday, and the following year was made a Major Geneial.
The following quotations from the Official Records of the
War of the Rebellion, published by the U. S. War Department,
illustrate the high esteem in which Rosser was held by his fel-
low officers. On October 31, 1862, General J. E. B. Stuart re-
ported, "There is no cooler or more intrepid man in action than
Rosser." And again on March 17th, '63, General Stuart wrote
General Lee, "Severely wounded at Kellysville, he (Rosser)
remained in command at the head of his regiment until the day
was won." In recommending Rosser's appointment as Briga-
dier General, General Lee wrote, "He is an excellent officer in
the field ; is prompt, cool and fearless, and has been twice
wounded in this war." In the winter of 1863, by capturing
a large wagon train near Patterson Creek, he again won the
praise of General Lee, who wrote on February 6th, 1864, "Gen.
Rosser has shown great energy and skill and his command de-
[24]
MAJOR GENERAL THOMAS L. ROSSER
COMMANDER OF ROSSER'S CAVALRY DIVISION,
ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA
First Commander of John Bowie Strange Camp
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 25
serves great credit." And after the fight at Ashland on June
2nd, 1864, General Lee, ''Expresses his gratification at the hand-
some conduct of Rosser's command and his thanks for their
having so gallantly defeated the enemy;" and General Wade
Hampton wrote to, "add his thanks for your valuable assistance
and to say that he deems the success of yesterday mainly due
to your skill and the services of your command." After th;
engagement at Reams Station General Hampton again reported,
"General Rosser, though not recovered from his late wound,
went through the entire fight, showing the ability and gallantry
which have always characterized his conduct." In reporting
the raid of November 28th, 1864, when, with about a thousand
men, Rosser surprisecl and captured the fortified town of New
Creek, W. Va., losing only two men and returning with a large
quantity of sorely needed supplies, General Lee wrote, "Tl e
boldness and energy exhibited by General Rosser deserves much
praise."
In the midst of a winter which General Sheridan in his re-
ports describes as the coldest he had ever experienced and one
in which his men and horses were frozen to death, Rosser with
three hundred picked men rode across the mountains, and on
January llth, 1865, surprised and captured the fort at Beverly
and took back to the distressed Southern army 700 prisoners
and a large number of cattle, as well as other military supplies.
A great tribute from Sheridan to the daring and boldness of
General Rosser was the instructions of this Federal general to
his officers to double their pickets when Rosser was in their
neighborhood.
During the war, on May 28th, 1863, Rosser married Betty
Barbara Winston, of Hanover County, Virginia. The war left
him penniless. He had been trained a soldier and had no other
profession. He tried law and attended lectures at Lexington,
Virginia, under Judge Brockenborough, but in '69 decided to
abandon this pursuit and go to Minnesota, leaving his wife and
three children in Virginia. There his energy soon found an
opening, and in the spring of '70 he went to work for the North-
ern Pacific Railroad which was then starting to build from
Duluth. He remained with the Northern Pacific for some years
26 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
and then went to the Canadian Pacific Railroad as Chief Engi-
neer, when it started to build west from Winnipeg.
In 1885 Rosser, having accumulated a fair estate, returned
to Virginia and bought a home near Charlottesville, where he
spent his remaining years. In the war with Spain he was com-
missioned a Brigadier General of Volunteers and was stationed
at Chickamauga. He died at Charlottesville on March 29, 1910.
BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOHN MARSHALL JONES.
BY GILLIE MARSHALL HILL.
General John Marshall Jones was the -son of Colonel John
Russell Jones and Gillie Marshall Jones. General Jones was born
at Social Hall (now owned by Dr. J. F. Williams), Charlottes-
ville, Virginia. He was a professor at West Point. When Vir-
ginia called her sons he promptly answered, and became Briga-
ier-General. He was killed at the battle of the Wilderness in
1864. His life-long friend and neighbor, J. Thompson Brown,
was killed the same day at Locust Grove, Orange County. Their
remains were brought to their old homes, which were opposite
each other, and from there the two processions wended their
way to Maplewood where, in opposite sections, their bodies at
the same time were lowered into their last resting places.
In Colonel Jones' section at Maplewood the little memorial
crosses mark the graves of five Confederate officers, namely :
The above mentioned General John M. Jones;
Lieutenant James L. Daniel, Company B, Nineteenth Regi-
ment Virginia Volunteers, killed in battle near Richmond, 1862;
Major T. T. Hill, Judge Advocate of his brother A. P. Hill's
Corps ;
Lieutenant Thomas Russell Hill, Lieutenant in Poague's Bat-
talion; and
Captain Walter Bowie, Captain in the Fortieth Regiment, In-
fantry, Virginia Volunteers.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 27
GENERAL LUCIUS BELLINGER NORTHROP.
BY MARIE FLOYD NORTHROP.
Lucius Bellinger Northrop, who was Commissary General of
the Confederacy, was born at Charleston, South Carolina, Sep-
tember 8th, 1811, and graduated at West Point, N. Y., in 1829,
in the class with Jefferson Davis, President of the Southern
Confederacy. They served together in the West against the In-
dians. He was in the Seminole War in Florida, where he was
severely wounded, and then retired on half pay. He then stud-
ied medicine in Philadelphia and on his return to Charleston
practiced occasionally for charity only. When South Carolina
seceded he resigned his commission as Captain in the United
States Army and became Commissary General of the Confed-
eracy.
A few months before the fall of Richmond he went to North
Carolina and engaged in farming near Egypt in that State. In
July, 1865, he was arrested by the National authorities and
confined fn Richmond in what was known as "Castle Thunder"
until the following November, when he was released on his pa-
role that he was not to leave the State of Virginia without noti-
fying the Federal Government. In 1867 he bought a farm near
Charlottesville, Virginia, upon which he resided until sometime
after he was paralyzed, February 4th, 1890. He died in the
Soldiers' •Home, Pikesville, Maryland, February 9th, 1894.
He was six feet tall, straight as an arrow, erect as a column
and a very Cincinnatus. He hated publicity in any form.
With regard to his life during the years that he resided near
Charlottesville, there is but little to tell. He lived a very re-
tired life. With the exception of a trip to Charleston, South
Carolina, he was never out of the State after settling upon the
farm near Charlottesville, until he went to Maryland, where he
died as previously stated. After coming to Charlottesville his
most intimate friends were Professors Holmes, Smith and Page
and others of the older professors of the University, all of
whom, except Professor Smith, are long since dead.
28 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
BRIGADIER-GENERAL ARMISTEAD LINDSAY LONG.
BY WM. F. LONG.
General Armistead Lindsay Long (1825-1891) was a son of
Colonel Armistead Lindsay Long, of Amherst County, Virginia.
He graduated at the United States Military Academy at West
Point in 1850. From 1850 to 1861 he was an officer in the
United States Army. When the war broke out he resigned his
commission and offered his services to the Confederacy. He
served as Major from 1861 to 1862, as Military Secretary to
General Lee from 1862 to 1863, and as Brigadier General from
1863 to the close of the war.
Shortly after the close of the war General Long received the
following testimonial from General Lee :
"General A. L. Long entered the Confederate service in 1861,
and served continuously till the surrender of the Army of
Northern Virginia, 9th April, 1865. His conduct during that
time was marked by zeal and gallantry. A graduate of the
Military Academy at West Point, in addition to a military edu-
cation, he has had long experience in the military service.
He was with me as Chief of Artillery in the winter of 1861-62
in the Southern Department, and became a member of my staff
when appointed to the command of the Army of Northern Vir-
ginia. He was promoted Brigadier-General in 1863, and made
Chief of Artillery of the Second Army Corps, Army of North-
ern Virginia, which position he held till the surrender of the
army, 9th April, 1865."
R. E. Lee,
"General."
After the war General Long became blind, and to overcome
the inactivity to which loss of sight subjected him, he sought
occupation in writing a life of his beloved General, and in 1886
published his ''Memoirs of Robert E. Lee."
General Long married Mary Heron Summer, daughter of
Major General E. V. and Hannah Foster Summer. There
were three children of this marriage : E. V. S. Long, a civil
engineer, who died of typhoid fever when only twenty-four
years old ; Virnie, wife of Col. Robert Alexander Brown, U.
COL. R. T. W. DUKE IN 1880
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 29
S. A. ; and Eugene McLean Long, Civil Engineer, of New York
City.
General Long is buried in Maplewood Cemetery in Char-
lottesville, Virginia. On the granite monument over his grave,
these words are inscribed : "Thine eyes shall see the King in
his beauty."
COLONELS.
COLONEL RICHARD THOMAS WALKER DUKE.
BY His SON, W. R. DUKE.
Richard Thomas Walker Duke, the son of Richard Duke and
Maria Barckley Walker, his wife, was born June 6th, 1822, at
Mill Brook, locally known as the Burnt Mills, in Albemarle
County, Virginia.
He attended private schools, among his teachers being the
late Judge William J. Robertson, his life long friend.
He was appointed State cadet to the V. M. I. in 1842, and
graduated second in his class in 1845. He taught school in
Richmond, also in Lewisburg, Virginia, now \Vest Virginia.
On the death of his father in 1849, he moved to Morea and
studied law, graduating in 1850. Again he taught school and at
the same time practiced law in Charlottesville. He was elected
Commonwealth's Attorney in 1858.
After the John Brown raid he organized the Albemarle
Rifles, Company B, Nineteenth Virginia Regiment, and was
elected Captain. He went to Harper's Ferry on April 17th,
1861, and was at First Manassas. In the summer of 1862 he
was elected Colonel of the Forty-sixth Virginia Infantry. He
resigned during the spring of 1864, came home, and was ap-
pointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Battalion of Re-
serves, and served in the trenches and at guarding prisoners in
Richmond. He was captured, together with his command, at
Sailors Creek, April 6th, 1865.
He was in Washington the night President Lincoln was as-
sassinated.
He remained a prisoner at Johnson's Island until July, 1865.
Upon his release he returned home and resumed the practice of
30 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
law. He was removed from the office of Commonwealth's At-
torney by military authority. He was elected to congress in
1870 and served until 1873.
He was one of the charter members of the John Bowie
Strange Camp, Confederate Veterans, its first Second Lieuten-
ant Commander, and afterwards Commander.
During this period he continued to practice law and was
elected to the legislature in 1881, serving one term.
He died at Sunny Side, July 2nd, 1898, and was buried in
Maplewood Cemetery.
COLONEL ANDREW JACKSON GRIGSBY.
BY ISABELLE H. Goss.
Colonel Andrew Jackson Grigsby was born in Rockbridge
County, Virginia November 2nd, 1819. When war with Mex-
ico was declared, he was residing in Missouri, and enlisted in
Colonel Doniphan's well known regiment which distinguished
itself in that war. In the spring of 1861 he was living in Giles
County, Virginia, and at once entered the service of his State,
becoming successively Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel
of the Twenty-seventh Virginia Regiment — one of the five
regiments of the noted "Stonewall" Brigade. He served with
this brigade through the campaigns of 1861 and 1862, becom-
ing its commander after Colonel W. H. S. Baylor was killed at
"Second Manassas."
At the battle of Sharpsburg, after the retirement of General
J. R. Jones — injured by concussion from the bursting of a shell
— and the death of General W. E. Starke, who was killed early
in the action, he became commander of Jackson's old division,
and led it with conspicuous ability and gallantry. Indeed, the
gallantry of Colonel Grigsby was conspicuous on every field on
which the "Stonewall" Brigade was engaged, so that his regi-
ment acquired the sobriquet of "The Bloody Twenty-seventh."
At the battle of Port Republic his sword belt was shot away,
and he was wounded in a later engagement.
In the fall of 1863, after the promotion of General E. F. Pax-
ton, former Major of his regiment and at that time Adjutant
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 31
General of Jackson's Corps, to the command of the "Stonewall"
Brigade, Colonel Grigsby resigned. He was then in feeble
health and unable to render further active service.
He retired to the home of his relatives, the Goss family in
Albemarle County, where he afterwards resided. On Decem-
ber 18th, 1895, he was taken with pneumonia, and died Decem-
ber 23rd, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. He was laid to
rest on Christmas morning in the burying ground of the Goss
family, near Stony Point.
COLONEL JOHN BOWIE MAGRUDER.
FROM A SKETCH BY COL. WM. HENRY STEWART OF
PORTSMOUTH, VA.
John Bowie Magruder, eldest son of Benjamin Henry Ma-
gruder and Maria Louisa Minor, was born in Scottsville, Albe-
marle County, Virginia, November 24th, 1839. His parents
moved to "Glenmore," in the same county, when he was five
years old. He was educated at John Bowie Strange Military
Academy and the University of Virginia, receiving the degree
of Master of Arts at the latter in 1860. Planning to study law
later, he was teaching at Smith's Academy in Culpeper when the
Civil War began. He graduated in thirty days in military tac-
tics at the Virginia Military Institute. He organized the "Ri-
vanna Guards," and was commissioned its Captain in July, 1861.
This Company (H) was first assigned to the Thirty-second
Virginia Infantry, and that fall to the Fifty-seventh Virginia In-
fantry, commanded by Colonel Kean and then later by Armi-
stead.
Magruder first served south of James River; then north, par-
ticipating in the Seven Days Battle around Richmond, and los-
ing at Malvern Hill half his company. He was made Lieuten-
ant Colonel for gallantry in 1862. He was in the battle of
Fredericksburg and was made Colonel, January 12th, 1863, of
the Fifty-seventh Virginia Infantry, Armistead's Brigade, Pick-
ett's Division, Longstreet's Corps. In April, 1863, he was with
Longstreet in the siege of Suffolk. He distinguished himself
with an independent command near Edenton, N. C., where with
1,300 men he defeated 5,500 Federals in two battles, for which
32 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
he was highly complimented by General Longstreet. He foil
mortally wounded in Pickett's charge at Gettysburg July 3rd,
1863, within twenty steps of the enemy's cannon, shouting to
his men as he fell, "They are ours." He refused to be carried
back and ordered his men to "go on and do their duty." When
in retreat they offered to take him back he told them, "Sore
yourselves as I am hopelessly wounded." He died a prisoner
in Gettysburg July 5th, 1863. He was a member of the Epsilon
Alpha Fraternity and a frater sent his remains and personal
effects in a metallic coffin to "Glenmore," where he lies buried.
Had he survived Gettysburg he would have been a Brigadier
General before attaining the age of twenty-four years.
Prior to Gettysburg many of his command criticized his in-
tricate maneuvres in charging over and around obstacles as a
needless sacrifice of energy; but in Pickett's Charge a dwelling,
outbuilding, and garden in the way were passed without delay,
impairing alignment, or sheltering skulkers.
Magruder was small in stature but muscular, finely educated,
of splendid character and executive ability, superb courage and
soldierly qualities, a fine disciplinarian but thoughtful of the
comfort of his men to whom he was courteous and kind. His
soldierly conduct, bearing, and qualities won the admiration
and praise of both superiors and subordinates. He died a Chris-
tian patriot.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN WILLIAM MALLET.
BY MILTON W. HUMPHREYS.
John William Mallet was born in Dublin, Ireland, October 7th,
1832, and died at the University of Virginia, November 7th,
1912. His father was Robert Mallet, F. R. S., and his mother
Cordelia Watson. After thorough preliminary training, he
studied alternately at Trinity College, Dublin, and at Gottingen,
receiving the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the latter Uni-
versity in 1852, and A. B. at Dublin in 1853.
In 1853 he came to America on business for his father with-
out any intention of remaining in this country, but was induced
to give temporary instruction in German and French at Am-
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 33
herst College, Massachusetts, and in 1854 he was made Pro-
fessor of Analytical Chemistry in that institution. Before the
session ended he was appointed chemist to the Geological Sur-
vey of Alabama, and at once was induced to act as temporary
Professor of Chemistry in the State University at Tuscaloosa,
and afterwards became regular professor.
In the fall of 1861 he joined as a private a cavalry company
that was being organized at Tuscaloosa, but before this com-
pany was mustered in he accepted a position as aide-de-camp
on the staff of general Rodes, and was commissioned as first
lieutenant on the 16th of November of that year. Rodes' bri-
gade spent the winter at Manassas and in the spring repaired to
the peninsula and served in the campaign up to and including
the battle of Seven Pines. On the day of this battle he re-
signed from Rodes' staff, having been commissioned as Captain
of Artillery May 21st, 1862, with orders to take general charge
under Colonel (afterwards General) Gorgas of the production
of ammunition for all arms. Being sent on a tour of inspection
of all the various arsenals and ordnance depots with instruc-
tions to confer with the various officers as to distribution of the
work, the avoidance of orders prductive of confusion, etc., and
to collect all needful facts, he made a report to the Chief of
Ordnance. This report, with its recommendations, led to the
erection of a great central ordnance laboratory at Macon, Geor-
gia, which, however, was not put ,. into full operation before the
war ended. Dr. Mallet, as Superintendent of Laboratories, was
required every month to visit the principal ordnance establish-
ments, the headquarters of the principal armies, and each im-
portant fortified port, for conference with other ordnance offi-
cers. He had to make tests of ordnance products and perform
experiments with a view to finding substitutes for materials
that had become exhausted or could not be obtained. During
the siege of Charleston in 1863, when visiting that place, he re-
ceived a slight wound. To give a detailed account of his labors
in this field would require much space.
Dr. Mallet was made Major June 28th, 1863, and Lieutenant-
Colonel of Artillery February 29th, 1864.
General Wilson advanced on Macon at the very end of the
34 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
war, and an engagement was in progress when a joint telegram
from Sherman and Johnston, addressed to Federal and Confed-
erate commanders, ordered an immediate cessation of hostili-
ties. Mallet was paroled with others in like situation.
Dr. Mallet was engaged now in practical scientific work for
three years in addition to being Professor of Chemistry in the
Medical Department of the University of Louisiana. In 1868
he was called to the University of Virginia, where, as Pro-
fessor of Chemistry, he remained until his death in 1912, with
the exception of two sessions; one (1883-4) spent at the Uni-
versity of Texas as Professor of Chemistry and Physics, be-
sides being Chairman of the Faculty; and the other (1884-5)
as Professor of Chemistry in the Jefferson Medical College in
Philadelphia.
Dr. Mallet's ability as an analytical chemist caused him very
often to figure as an expert witness in cases of poisoning, and
to be employed for the analysis of ores, water, and, in short,
everything an analysis of which was desired.
He was a Fellow of the Royal Society (F. R. S.), London,
and a fellow or member of a score of other scientific societies
on both continents, and belonged to a considerable number of
other organizations.
He did not write any books, but his articles in scientific pub-
lications number about a hundred, not to mention many that
appeared in popular periodicals.
His fame brought him many honors. Honorary degrees (M.
D., LL. D., etc.,) were showered upon him, and he was often
appointed to discharge special temporary duties, such as serv-
ing as judge in exhibitions, delivering lectures at other institu-
tions, etc.
He was extraordinarily versatile, and not only kept abreast
of progress in the sciences, but maintained remarkable knowl-
edge of the ancient languages, and in almost every department
of human knowledge his accuracy was amazing.
His general characteristics are excellently stated in the action
of the faculty of the University of Virginia on the occasion of
his death : "Great as have been his world-wide acknowledged
intellectual achievements in science, these seem to fade into in-
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 35
significance when compared with the impress of character which
he has stamped upon the generation of men who have sat at
his feet in this University. He was the soul of honor, truth
and courage ; he hated sham, deceit and charlatanism in all their
forms, and, regardless of consequences, never permitted himself
to swerve a hairbreadth from what he recognized to be a prin-
ciple." .
He married, first, Mary E., daughter of Judge John J. Or-
mond, of Alabama, in 1857. She passed away in 1886, and in
1888 he married Mrs. Josephine Burthe, of Louisiana, who
survives him.
He retired from active teaching in 1908 and was made Pro-
fessor Emeritus. An attack of influenza subsequently impaired
his health, and on the seventh of November, 1912, he passed
away after a brief acute illness.
He never became naturalized as an American citizen, a fact
possibly due to his having embraced the Confederate cause, and
later (after 1877) to his desire to remain a Fellow of the Royal
Society, a distinction limited to British subjects.
Dr. Mallet was a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church,
and a man of the purest moral character, whose example could
have only an ennobling effect upon all who came in contact
with him.
COLONEL JOHN S. MOSBY.
BY R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
John S. Mosby, one of the greatest partisan leaders of mod-
ern times, was born at the home of his grandfather, James Mc-
Laurine, in Powhatan County, Virginia. When he was a child
his father purchased a farm near Charlottesville in Albemarle
County, and upon this farm Colonel Mosby was raised. He
was educated at private schools and at the early age of sixteen
entered the University of Virginia. Here he showed quite an
aptitude for languages, graduating in Greek. An unfortunate
altercation with a man named Turpin, in which Colonel Mosby
shot him, led to his conviction of unlawful shooting and a fine
and imprisonment. Had the law at that time allowed Mosby to
36 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
testify, there would have been very little doubt of his acquittal.
The fine was remitted and he was pardoned by the Governor.
The Attorney for the Commonwealth, Judge Wm. J. Robert-
son, although he prosecuted young Mosby with unusual vigor,
took great interest in him, visited him frequently while in jail,
and lent him law books. So well did he use his time, that on
leaving his prison he received a license to practice law, and in
1855 moved to Bristol, Virginia, where he opened a law office
and soon began a very successful practice.
At the outbreak of the War between the States Colonel Mosby
promptly volunteered in a cavalry company and was later in
Colonel (afterwards General) J. E. B. Stuart's regiment, and
was in the First Battle of Manassas and subsequently was with
Stuart in his famous ride around McClellan. For valuable
services in that ride he was recommended for a captaincy by
Stuart. In January, 1863, he organized his celebrated battalion,
which became one of the most valuable arms of the service.
He was commissioned Captain and recommended by General
Lee to the President for a major's commission.
The deeds of Mosby and his magnificent regiment are too
many and too full of incident to allow more than a reference.
Suffice it to say that they threw dismay and anxiety into the
campaigns of. the Federal troops in Virginia, and in the lan-
guage of Sheridan, Mosby's men were the most redoubtable
partisans he ever met. History has immortalized them.
He was promoted from time to time and his battalion grew
into a regiment of the most daring, fearless and splendid sol-
diers the world has ever seen. Their gallant commander led
them into battle, was wounded time and again, and when the
war closed he was a colonel, having been desperately wounded
late in 1864 and commissioned as Colonel January 6th, 1865.
He surrendered his command on April 21st, 1865. He was not
paroled until February 6th, 1866, and was subjected to much
petty annoyance by the Federal authorities.
He resumed the practice of law in Warrenton, Virginia, and
was appointed consul to Hong Kong by President Hayes, serving
in that position until 1885, when he became attorney for the
Southern Pacific Railroad and remained in the service of that
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 37
Company, living in California, for some sixteen years. Re-
turning to Virginia he divded his time between his old home,
Wafrenton, and Washington, dying in the latter city on May
30th, 1916.
Colonel Mosby was a superb soldier, a stainless gentleman,
loved to idolatry by his men, and dying he left behind him a
memory of which any man might be proud. To know him was
to love and admire him, and one of the most precious posses-
sions of the writer of this brief sketch is a letter written but a
short time before his death, in which the Colonel said, speaking
of a visit to Albemarle : "I am a rich man — the reception I re-
ceived in dear old Albemarle, where I was raised, was proof to
me that I possess some things that gold cannot buy." And he
had that which nothing can buy — fame — love — immortality.
COLONEL WM. ELISHA PETERS, A. M., LL. D.
BY PROP. F. H. SMITH.
He was born in Bedford County, Virginia, August 18th, 1829.
He died at the University of Virginia, March 22nd, 1906. He
was educated at the New London Academy ; graduated at Emory
and Henry College; studied at the University of Virginia, and
for two years at the University of Berlin. He was Professor
of Latin and Greek at Emory and Henry from 1852, resigning
to enter the Confederate service, as private, in 1861. He was
quickly promoted, finally becoming Colonel of the Twenty-first
Regiment of Cavalry. He surrendered at Appomattox in 1865.
He was elected Professor of Latin at the University of Virginia
in 1866, resigning his chair in 1902.
Of his merit as a Latinist, a colleague does not presume to
speak ; but he impressed us as one who passed by grammars and
drew his inspiration from the immediate well of Latin unde-
filed. He studied not Kuehner, but Cicero. His value as pro-
fessor extended far beyond his classes. Many a bright fellow,
giving way for a time, was put again on the right path by his
timely and kindly counsel ; how many, eternity only will show.
Especially attentive was he to the sons of old friends. These
had always a welcome to his office for advice and to his dwell-
448800
38 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
ing for hospitality. He was a noble man, just suited to his
place. When the occasion arises, Virginia seems always to have
the fitting person.
I may give two characteristic pictures from his life :
When General Early invaded Pennsylvania and drew near to
Chambersburg, he sent a written order, through General Bradey
Johnson, to Colonel Peters, to march his regiment into the
city and burn it. Colonel Peters refused, saying that he had
enlisted to fight men, not women and children. He was ar-
rested, deprived of his sword, and exposed to court martial and
death. His wise and gallant general found a way to save a no-
ble officer and yet carry out General Early's order. He passed
the order to another colonel, who had no scruples in the mat-
ter. Chambersburg was burned, as Virginia towns had been.
After the war a great newspaper of Philadelphia offered Col-
onel Peters a large sum to give his own account. of the matter.
He promptly declined the offer, because he did not wish for
praise of the act from the North.
Colonel Peters had that mark of a genuine teacher, in giving
supreme eminence to his own chair, in the scheme of education.
A witty colleague reports a walk he took with Colonel Peters
on a moonlight night. After a long silence, -wrhich any one else
would have broken by some reference to the sky, the Colonel
exclaimed with a deep sigh, "Ah ! I fear much those boys will
miss that delicate use of the subjunctive." If the joke was not
true, it was well invented.
COLONEL JOHN BOWIE STRANGE.
BY R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
Colonel John Bowie Strange was born in the year 1823 in
Fluvanna County, Virginia. He entered the Virginia Military
Institute in 1842 and was one of the first graduates of that in-
stitution.
After graduation he went to the city of Norfolk and taught
there for a couple of years, organizing a military school and
carrying it on with much success. He then came to the county
of Albemarle and organized a school at Bloomfield, the old
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 39
Garland place now owned by the estate of J. Tatnall Lea. In
his faculty at Bloomfield he had Professor Toy, the great He-
braist of Harvard, and L. M. Blackford, afterwards the prin-
cipal of the Episcopal High School ; also Mr. Tebbs and Mr.
English.
He then removed to Charlottesville, and in 1856 started a
military school on the Court House Square in a building now
demolished. In a short while he moved his school to the far
end of Ridge Street and erected a large schoolhouse and out-
buildings. Here he conducted a very large and prosperous mili-
tary school until the outbreak of the Civil War.
He was elected Colonel of the Nineteenth Virginia Regiment,
and re-elected at the reorganization in 1862. He made a superb
officer, a. fine disciplinarian, of dauntless and almost reckless
courage. The Nineteenth under his leadership became noted as
one of the most splendid regiments in the Confederate army.
He led his men in the battle of Boonesboro, Maryland, and was
killed on the 14th day of September, 1862. Colonel Strange was
a man of high ability, splendid character and superb courage.
One son of Colonel Strange survives him, a resident of Texas.
LIEUTENANT-COLONEL BENNET TAYLOR.
BY THOS. J. RANDOLPH.
Lieutenant-Colonel Bennett Taylor, while not born in Albe-
marle County, but in the county of Jefferson, when it was still a
part of the Old Dominion, was always identified with its peo-
ple, being one of the many descendants of Thomas Jefferson
who imbibed that great patriot's beliefs and tenets of freedom
and independence. He was a son of the late John C. R. Taylor
and Patsy Jefferson Randolph, his wife, the latter being one of
the talented daughters of Colonel Jefferson Randolph of Edge-
hill, Albemarle County, and Jane Hollins Nicholas, his wife. He
was brought up under the same wholesome, enlightened sur-
roundings that marked the Virginia gentry of the era that was
closed forever by the Civil War.
Bennett Taylor had qualified himself for the practice of the
40 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
law, when the bugle-call to arm in defense of his native State
summoned her sons of all classes to enter the ranks of her ar-
mies of defense. He enlisted in June, 1861, in a company from
Albemarle, Company I, of the famous Nineteenth Virginia In-
fantry, being later promoted to the rank of captain. As such he
served with gallantry and address during the first two years of
the disastrous war, in which the fate of the Confederacy was so
uniformly favored by fortune, and the prospects seemed so
bright for the winning of that independence and freedom for
which his forbears had given their all of talent, thought and
property. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel
of his regiment just prior to the eventful campaign of Gettys-
burg, which was to register the "high-water mark" of his coun-
try's hopes.
On those fateful July days in far-off Pennsylvania he proved
the mettle of his ancestry and his worthiness to serve at the
fore-front of danger with the gallant men who immortalized
Southern chivalry and manhood on those serried heights. He
was in the midst of Pickett's never-to-be-forgotten charge
against Cemetery Ridge on July 3rd, 1863, and in that heroic but
fruitless effort was riddled with shot and shell, until his very
life was despaired of. But he recovered, in the mercy of
Heaven, and lived to finish the brave fight made by his coun-
try, serving till the end of the internecine and bloody contest.
Returning after the war to his old Albemarle home, Colonel
Taylor lived out his days among his own people, following his
profession of attorney-at-law with honor and success, and for
several terms being honored by election to the position of Clerk
of the Circuit Court.
He was a noble exemplar of the principles of honor, chivalry
and unselfish devotion to duty and native land, that made up
the crown of glory for Virginia and her people that shall never
fade. He departed this life lamented and honored by all who
knew him and came within the influence of his manly, upright
and unselfish character. He was born on the 15th day of Au-
gust, 1836, and died on the 4th day of August, 1898.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 41
COLONEL CHARLES SCOTT VENABLE.
BY PROF. WM. THORNTON.
The life of Colonel Venable — for under this military title
we all knew and spoke of him, except when in love for his high
gentlemanhood we called him endearingly Old Ven — tfalls easily
into three great periods.
COLLEGE STUDENT AND PROFESSOR.
1827-1861.
Born at Longwood, the country home of his family, near
Farmville, Virginia, April 19th, 1827, he came of an English
stock full of vitality with abounding energy and keen vision of
practical affairs. He matriculated in Hampden-Sidney College
as a sophomore in 1839, graduated in 1842, and served as tutor
in Mathematics until 1845. In the fall of 1845 he entered the
University of Virginia for post-graduate study, spending two
years there under Courtenay and his colleagues, and later one
year at Berlin and Bonn under Encke, Argelander, Lejeune Di-
richlet and Dove. He held chairs of Mathematics successively
at Hampden-Sidney College (1846-1855); at the University of
Georgia (1855-1856); and at the University of South Carolina
(1856-1861).
SOLDIER AND STAFF OFFICER.
1861-1865.
The outbreak of the Civil War found Venable at Columbia,
South Carolina, in the very focus of that great political and
military movement. He volunteered at once, and as Second
Lieutenant of the Congaree Rifles was present at the fall of Fort
Sumter (April 13th, 1861). The summer of that year found
him in Virginia, fighting as a private at first Manassas (July
21st, 1861) in the South Carolina Governor's Guards, and then
patrolling the Potomac as a volunteer aide on the staff of Gen-
eral Wade Hampton. Promoted to be Lieutenant of Artillery,
he was ordered to Louisiana, and there shared in the ineffectual
defense of New Orleans. Later he was under General M. L.
42 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
Smith in organizing the fortifications of Vicksburg. During the
winter of 1862 the Confederate Congress created the office of
"Military Adviser to the President." General Robert E. Lee
was selected to fill the position and entered at once upon his du-
ties (March 13th, 1862). The staff allowed him was a military
secretary with the rank of colonel (Armistead L. Long) and
four aides each with the rank of major (Randolph Talcott,
Walter H. Taylor, Charles S. Venable and Charles Marshall).
Venable was promoted Lieutenant Colonel November 4th, 1864.
He served continuously on Lee's staff from 1862 until the sur-
render of the Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox,
April 9th, 1865, brought the war to its heroic close.
UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR AND EXECUTIVE.
1865-1900.
The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia met in
August, 1865, and proceeded to reorganize the school upon a
peace basis. Colonel Venable was elected Professor of Mathe-
matics, and assumed his new duties on October 1st. Thence-
forward his ample training as a geometer and his rare powers
of administration were consecrated to the service of the Uni-
versity of his native state. Equally eminent as a professor and
an executive, beloved and trusted by his colleagues and his stu-
dents, wise in council and vigorous in action, he projected his
life into the life of the school, and by his leadership largely
governed its development. Mainly through his influence and ac-
tivity new courses were added in Applied Mathematics, in Ap-
plied Chemistry, in Geology, in Natural History and in Prac-
tical Astronomy. His efforts were potent in securing the en-
dowment funds contributed by the alumni and by Mr. Cor-
coran, Mr. Vanderbilt, Mr. Miller, and Mr. McCormick. His
old companions in arms heard him gladly, and as members of
the State Legislature, voted for larger annuities to the Univer-
sity and for modernized plans of educational work. During two
periods (1870-1874 and 1886-1888) he served as Chairman of
the Faculty, governing earnestly and strictly, yet with such pene-
trating and genuine sympathy for the characters and motives of
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 43
young men as to augment and intensify their general love and
respect. Only in June, 1896, when thirty rich and crowded years
had left their permanent strain on his physical powers, did he
ask for release. His last four years were sweetened by the care
and affection of an adoring family, by the honour and rever-
ence of his troops of friends, by the changeless love of his old
students, and by the sacred assurances of a deep and precious
religious faith. On August llth, 1900, with life's earnest and
faithful labours nobly ended, he entered into his everlasting
rest.
CHARLES C. WERTENBAKER.
BY JOHN S. PATTON.
Charles Christian Wertenbaker was born in Charlottesville
in 1835 and died in Waynesboro, Va., April 9th, 1919. He was
the son of William Wertenbaker whom Jefferson appointed Li-
brarian of the University of Virginia, in which office William
Wertenbaker died. His first wife was Mary Ella Poindexter,
daughter of the late Dr. James W. Poindexter. The children of
that union were : Dr. Charles P. Wertenbaker, who for many
years and at the time of his death was a medical expert con-
nected with the United States Marine service ; Mrs. George M.
Saunders of Clermont, South Carolina; Mrs. Henry G. Fergu-
son of Waynesboro ; and Mrs. Douglas Lef twich, deceased. The
second Mrs. Wertenbaker was Fannie Thomas Leftwich. The
children of this union were : Dr. William Wertenbaker of Wil-
mington, Del. ; Colonel L. Wertenbaker, U. S. A. ; and Dr.
Thomas J. Wertenbaker of Princeton, New Jersey.
His first military service was as a member of Company A of
the Nineteenth Virginia Regiment, known as the Monticello
Guard, with which he went to Harper's Ferry in 1859 on ac-
count of the John Brown insurrection. He was elected first
lieutenant of his company when it entered the Civil War and
later was appointed adjutant of his regiment. At the close of
the war he returned to Charlottesville and became a manufac-
turer of cigars, famous throughout the country for their excel-
lence. He was captain of the Monticello Guard for many
44 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
years and until elected colonel of the Third Virginia Regiment
of the State militia.
Colonel Wertenbaker was deeply interested in all good social
movements and in the work of the Baptist Church, of which he
was a devoted member to the end of his life. Few men have had
a larger number of attached friends and no one was ever more
loyal or generous. He was a typical Virginian, with some of
the attractive faults of his class and practically all of the charm
that goes to make up the character we have in mind when we
use the designation "old Virginia gentleman."
MAJORS.
MAJOR C. H. S. BAXTER.
BY His DAUGHTER, MRS. W. G. STRICKLER.
Major C. H. S. Baxter was born in Christiansburg, Mont-
gomery County, October 9th, 1839.
He belonged to the Pulaski Guards and at the outbreak of
the Civil War was one of the first to enlist in defense of his
Country. He entered the war as a private in Company D,
Fourth Virginia Infantry, ^Stonewall Brigade. His devotion to
his commander was nothing short of idolatry. He worshipped
and revered his name to the day of his death. He was with him
in his Valley Campaign, in the First and Second battles of Ma-
nassas, at Cedar Mountain, Port Republic, Malvern Hill, Fred-
ericksburg, The Wilderness, Harper's Ferry, Winchester, Mid-
dletown and Front Royal. He was severely wounded at Cedar
Creek, being shot five times. The last time his horse was shot
from under him, and in falling crushed his limb, leaving him a
cripple for the remainder of his life. At the battle of Monocacy
he gave his horse to General John B. Gordon, the latter's horse
having been shot from under him. For this act he received,
thirty years later, a life-size portrait of General Gordon, and
a letter telling of the wonderful courage and devotion of the
Southern soldier. He served with great distinction throughout
the war, and at its close went to Front Royal, Va., and engaged
in the hotel business.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 45
In 1871 he married Miss V. V. Grant, a near relative of Gen-
eral U. S. Grant. He moved to Charlottesville in 1888, and died
January 20th, 1917, aged seventy-eight years.
There never lived a braver soldier nor a truer sympathizer,
his daily conversation was his beloved South and his thrice
loved commander. He has joined him in the great beyond,
where there is no more sorrow.
MAJOR WM. N. BERKELEY.
BY F. L. BERKELEY.
William Noland Berkeley, second son of Lewis Berkeley, o.f
Barn Elms, Middlesex County, later of Aldie, Loudoun County,
Virginia, and of Frances Callander Noland, his wife, was born
at Aldie, February 28th, 1826.
He attended the Episcopal High School and William and
Mary College, where he was graduated in 1845, with the de-
gree of Bachelor of Arts. After completing the Law course,
he passed his examination and was admitted to the bar, but
never practiced his profession, devoting himself to the man-
agement of his father's business affairs.
Upon the death of his father he inherited the estate at Aldie.
He married in 1851, Cynthia White Smith, daughter of Briga-
ier-General Thomas A. Smith, U. S. A., by whom he had five
children : Lucy Beverley, Cynthia White, Francis Lewis, Mary
Edmonia and Frances Callander, of whom the last mentioned
married Rev. H. H. Williams, and now, (1919), lives at "The
Grove," in Charlottesville. Francis L. married Ethel Crissey,
and now lives on his farm, Rockland, near Red Hill, Albemarle
County.
Upon the outbreak of the Civil War, William N. Berkeley
was chosen (at the election held for the purpose), Captain of
Company C, of the Eighth Virginia Regiment, and his young-
est brother, Charles F. Berkeley, First Lieutenant of the same
regiment.
This company had been organized sometime before the war
and was called "Champe Rifles" (in honor of Sergeant Champe,
of Revolutionary fame, and had been commanded by William
46 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
Berkeley's youngest brother, Norborne, who was now promoted
to be major of the Eighth, commanded by Colonel Eppa Hunton.
The eldest brother, Edward, had also been chosen captain
by his men ; and thus the four Berkeley brothers all became offi-
cers of that splendid regiment, afterwards known as the "Old
Bloody Eighth." In the battle of Gettysburg Captain William
Berkeley and two of his brothers, Edward and Norborne, were
seriously wounded, and the youngest, Charles, found himself,
as the sole surviving officer, in cdmmand of sixteen men — all
of the gallant Eighth to return from that bloody field.
After the promotion which followed Gettysburg, the officers
of the Eighth were : Norborne Berkeley, Colonel ; Edward
Berkeley, Lieutenant Colonel; William N. Berkeley, Major;
and Charles F. Berkeley, Senior Captain, and it was commonly
called "The Berkeley Regiment."
In 1876, Major William N. Berkeley removed to his planta-
tion, "Hays," in King William County, and a few years later,
to Albemarle County, where he lived until his death in 1907.
MAJOR WILLIAM LYNN COCHRAN.
BY MRS. JOHN M. PRESTON.
Major William Lynn Cochran was born in May, 1838; died
September 22nd, 1875. He was the fifth son of John Cochran
and Margaret Lynn Lewis, his wife. He was educated in the
schools of Albemarle and at the University of Virginia, gradu-
ating at the University in both the Academic and Law Depart-
ments.
In early youth he was afflicted with "white swelling," which
left one leg very much shorter than the other, rendering him
unfit for military duty. Being determined to take part in the
Confederate service, he entered the Quatermaster's Department,
and was commissioned Major. He served during the entire
war, being stationed principally in Southwest Virginia with
quarters near Dublin.
After the war he settled down to the practice of law in Char-
lottesville.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 47
In 1868, he was elected mayor of the town, which office he
held until his death.
He was an active member of the order of Masons, Odd Fel-
lows, Knights of Pythias, and of the Monticello Guard.
He never married.
MAJOR JAMES GAVIN FIELD.
BY W. ALLAN PERKINS.
James Gavin Field was born at "Walnut," Culpeper County
Virginia, February 24th, 1826, the son of Lewis Yancey and
Maria (Duncan) Field, and a descendant of an old English
family, his first American ancestors having landed at James-
town in 1631.
In his early life he taught school for a short time, and then
engaged in the mercantile business at Culpeper under Major
Thomas Hill, the father of General Ambrose Powell Hill,
C. S. A.
In 1848 he went to Mexico as assistant to Major Henry Hill,
chief paymaster of the United States Army in the war with
Mexico. At the close of that war he went to California with
the army of occupation and while there was chosen secretary
of the convention that framed the first constitution of that state
in 1850.
In October of the same year he returned to Virginia and com-
menced the study of law. He was admitted to the bar in 1852
and continued in active practice until his death. He was Com-
monwealth's Attorney for Culpeper County during 1859-61.
At the opening of the war he enlisted in the Culpeper Min-
ute Men and accompanied that company to the attack and cap-
ture of Harper's Ferry. Soon thereafter he was appointed on
the staff of General A. P. Hill, who was then Colonel of the
Thirteenth Virginia Regiment, and continued to serve on Gen-
eral Hill's staff during the subsequent promotions of the latter,
until he became Chief Quartermaster of Hill's corps with the
rank of Major, in which position he served until his surrender
with General Lee's Army at Appomattox.
Twice he received slight wounds, but at the battle of Slaugh-
48 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
ter's Mountain, August 9th, 1862, he lost a leg. As soon as he
was sufficiently recovered he set out for the army, and reached
Gettysburg during the third day's fight there. Thereafter he
was continually with Hill's corps until Appomattox.
After the close of the war he resumed his law practice at Cul-
peper. In 1877 he was appointed by Governor James L. Kem-
per Attorney General of the State, to fill the unexpired term of
Raleigh T. Daniel, deceased, and at the subsequent election was
chosen to fill this office during the term of Governor Holladay.
In 1892 he was nominated by the Omaha Convention as a
Peoples Party candidate for vice-president of the United States,
on the ticket with James B. Weaver for president, and received
twenty-two electoral votes and 1,041,028 popular votes.
His title "General" was acquired from his appointment by
Governor Kemper in 1876 to the honorary rank of Major-Gen-
eral of Virginia Volunteers (militia), but he always greatly
preferred to be addressed as "Major," which title he had earned
by active service in the Civil War.
His last years were spent on his farm, "Windsor," in Albe-
marle County, where he died on May 12th, 1902. He was
buried at Culpeper.
MAJOR HORACE W. JONES.
JUDGE A. D. DABNEY.
Major Horace W. Jones, of the famous Pickett's Division,
was born in Fluvanna County, Virginia, July 29th, 1835, of dis-
tinguished parentage.
In 1854 he entered the University of Virginia. The next year
he began teaching — the career he so long and so well adorned.
When the war began he left his teacher's desk for the sterner
task, and enlisted as a private in Company D of the famous
Albemarle Rifles. His great executive ability and devotion to
duty soon earned his commission, and he became regimental
and then brigade quartermaster, with the rank of Major, on
the staff of General George E. Pickett. In all the engagements
of this fighting division, including that immortal charge at
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 49
Gettysburg, Major Jones bore his part well and bravely with
his characteristic sublime devotion to duty.
Immediately on laying down his sword at Appomattox, the
faithful teacher again took up his book. He started a little
school at his farm near Charlottesville. At first there were only
six pupils, but as the number increased, he moved into the town,
and soon had so large a school as to require help, and he formed
a partnership with Mr. W. R. Abbott. Subsequently he moved
to Hanover and taught with his equally famous brother, Col-
onel Hilleary P. Jones, at the celebrated Hanover Academy.
Afterwards "The Major," as he had by then become affection-
ately known to all his "boys," returned to Charlottesville and
opened the "Jones University School," which he continued with
great success until a short while before his death on June 2nd,
1904.
Major Jones left a widow, formerly Miss Sue J. Duke, of
that celebrated Albemarle family, and four sons and three
daughters.
Few men have left a greater impress for good than Major
Jones. Not only did he have the wonderful faculty of impart-
ing his great knowledge to hundreds of our young manhood,
but better still he left to them the precept of his sternly noble
character, molded more perfect by the fires of war for the Lost
Cause.
MAJOR ROBERT FRENCH MASON.
BY LACY L. IRVINE.
Major Robert French Mason, son of JVTaynadier and Vir-
ginia (French) Mason, both of whom were members of prom-
inent Virginia families, was born at "Clermont," the handsome
old estate of his father on Analoston Island, Fairfax County,
Virginia. He was a direct descendant of George Mason of
Gunston Hall, who was one of the signers of the "Bill of
Rights."
The greater part of Major Mason's life after the Civil War,
was spent in Charlottesville and in Albemarle County, where
he was engaged in various railroad and mining enterprises.
50 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
He married Miss Margaret Kearnes Cooke, of "The Brook,"
near Rio. To them were .born five children: Robert French,
George Lee, Maynadier, Virginia (Mrs. Benjamin S. Minor)
and Margaret Cook. Surviving are the following, all of whom
reside in Washington: Dr. Robert French Mason, George Lee
Mason and Mrs. Benjamin S. Minor.
Major Mason possessed the qualities of kindness, generosity
and fair dealing, which won for him the highest regard and
greatest admiration of a host of friends. As a mere boy he
joined the army of the Confederacy, in which he served with dis-
tinction for four years as a member of General Fitzhugh Lee's
staff. He has to his credit many acts of unusual bravery,
and well deserved the name of "Fighting Bob," by which he
was known to those with whom he was associated during the
war.
MAJOR M. GREEN PEYTON.
BY F. P. DUNNINGTON.
Moses Green Peyton, the son of General Bernard Peyton, of
Richmond, Virginia, and Julia Amanda Green, of Culpeper,
Virginia, was born July 6th, 1828, at Liberty Hall near Cul-
peper. His early life was passed chiefly in Richmond. In 1846
he entered the University, where he received the degrees of
A. B. and C. E.
As an engineer he worked under Mr. Wm. Mahone, later
General Mahone, in the building of the Norfolk & Western
Railroad, and was Chief Engineer at the outbreak of the Civil
War.
In the year 1850, he married Martha Champe Carter, daugh-
ter of Dr. Charles Carter of Charlottesville, by whom three
children, Bernard, Charles and Champe, were born prior to
1861.
At the secession of Virginia, he volunteered and was ap-
pointed Lieutenant A. D. C. to Brigadier General R. E. Rhodes.
Later he was on the staff of General Rhodes, of General Bryan
Grimes and of General John B. Gordon, with whom he was
serving at the cessation of hostilities. From the memoirs of
General Gordon, we read: "Maj. Peyton was the ranking staff
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 51
officer in the corps, and his fidelity, courage and great efficiency
had long been recognized in the field and by the War Depart-
ment in Richmond. His never-failing cheerfulness and hope,
his words of encouragement and good humor under the most
trying circumstances, made him a delightful companion on the
march, at the mess, around the campfire, and everywhere."
Throughout the war, he was accompanied by a faithful negro
body servant, Humphrey Shelton, who cared for his wants as
earnestly after the emancipation as he had while a slave in his
master's possession. After the war "Uncle Humphrey" became
a trusted servant to the University, where he served faithfully
and efficiently for almost fifty years, and was pensioned by the
Visitors during the last five years of his life.
After the surrender, Major Peyton gave assistance to Mr.
James Southall in editing "The Weekly Chronicle," a newspa-
per in Charlottesville, and in 1868 was elected Proctor and
Superintendent of Grounds and Buildings at the University of
Virginia, which position he held, with a short interruption, un-
til his death in 1897. Quoting from the records of the Visit-
ors : "For a period of more than twenty-five years, he was a
faithful and trusted officer of the University, giving to the dis-
charge of the duties of the office he so ably filled, all the energy
and talents with which he was so remarkably endowed."
CAPTAINS
CAPTAIN JAMES YATES BRAGG.
BY H. P. BRAGG.
Captain James Yates Bragg, son of James Ross and Sarah
Yates Bragg, was born near Lindsay, Albemarle County, Va.,
November 4th, 1843.
He entered the Confederate service in April, 1861, at the age
of eighteen, holding the rank of first sergeant of the company
he helped to organize — Company E, Nineteenth Virginia Regi-
ment of Infantry. He was in Pickett's famous charge, and was
twice promoted on the field. He saw every man in his com-
52 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
pany fall in that great charge, and was one of the few who
reached the^ stone wall and broke through the first line of de-
fense. He was taken prisoner, but the spirit and fearlessness
of the young officer was shown when he refused to surrender
his sword to a Yankee sergeant who rudely attempted to dis-
arm him. "I will surrender my sword only to an officer of my
own rank," he said, "and the only way you can get it is to kill
me." An officer near by, noting the contention, approached and
courteously intervened. On the receipt of the sword the offi-
cer stated that he would always keep it as a memento of the
occasion and incident, and later showed the young prisoner
many favors. This sword was a gift from Colonel C. S. Peyton,
who in later years spoke of Captain Bragg as, "A gallant offi-
cer of soldierly bearing, well fitted for his position, and always
performing his duties in a most satisfactory and military man-
ner."
Captain Bragg was imprisoned at Fort Delaware, Point
Lookout, and finally taken to the officers' prison on Johnson's
Island, Lake Erie. He was later exchanged, and surrendered
with Lee at Appomattox.
After the surrender he returned to his native country, and
in a short time married Miss Ella V. Eitz, daughter of the late
James Fitz, prominent citizen and author. He made his home
near Stony Point, Albemarle County, Virginia, where he en-
gaged in farming for many years. Owing to a paralytic stroke
in 1912, he was forced to retire from active life, and his re-
maining years were spent among his children. He was full
of reminiscences of the great struggle, and never tired of telling
of the many and interesting experiences of that eventful period.
Captain Bragg died at the home of his son, Henry P. Bragg,
of Richmond, Virginia, on the 9th of April, 1919, in the 77th
year of his age, and on the fifty-fourth anniversary of Lee's
surrender at Appomattox. He left a widow and eight children.
In obedience to his last request, he was buried in the Confed-
erate Soldier's Section in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond,
Virginia.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 53
CAPTAIN HOWE PEYTON COCHRAN.
BY MRS. JOHN M. PRESTON.
Howe Peyton Cochran, fourth son of John Cochran and
his wife Margaret Lynn Lewis, was born in Charlottes ville, Vir-
ginia, September, 1834, and died in Staunton, Virginia, Sep-
tember 28th, 1892. He was educated at "Hanover Academy"
and at the University of Virginia, graduating from the latter in-
stitution.
He married, first, Miss N. L. Carrington, who left one son.
His second wife was Miss Jennie Lewis Kent, by whom he had
one daughter.
He devoted himself to literary pursuits and attained an en-
viable reputation as a scholar. Before the war he was Assist-
ant Professor of Mathematics at the University of Virginia. He
entered the army at the first call, and was in Magruder's com-
mand near Williamsburg, with the title of Captain. In 1863 he
was transferred to the Ordnance Department of Pickett's Di-
vision with the title of Major.
He was a member of the Charlottesville Presbyterian Church.
CAPTAIN JOHN LEWIS COCHRAN.
BY MRS. JOHN M. PRESTON.
John Lewis Cochran was the eldest of eight brothers, six of
whom grew to manhood and served in the Confederate States
Army.
He was educated entirely in Virginia and was a graduate of
the University of Virginia.
He was born August 22nd, 1827, the son of John Cochran
and his wife Margaret Lynn Lewis, and was reared in Char-
lottesville. After graduating he began the practice of law here.
He was for some years editor of the Charlottesville Advocate,
and was early elected Commonwealth's Attorney. After the
close of the war he was made Judge of the County Court, and
in this capacity had charge of the organizing and building of the
Miller School near Crozet.
54 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
He married (August 27th, 1868) Mrs. Alary James Massie
of Chillicothe, Ohio, to which union three children were born —
John Lewis Cochran of Denver, Colorado, Mary Massie Coch-
ran (Mrs. Lee Thurman of Columbus, Ohio) deceased, and
William Lynn Cochran, who died upon reaching manhood.
Through his father Judge Cochran was the descendant of the
families of Moffett and McDowell, and through his mother, of
the Prestons and Lewises, all names well and honorably known
in the history of America as soldiers, statesmen and patriots.
Judge Cochran was always, to the end of his life, interested
in everything pertaining to the uplift and growth of Charlottes-
ville and Albemarle County. He was a Mason and held promi-
nent offices in the organization. Late in life he was confirmed
in the Episcopal church by Bishop Whittle. He died March
16th, 1900, mourned by the entire community, for he was be-
loved and admired by all who knew him.
John Lewis Cochran volunteered at the first call to arms and
entered the Confederate service as First-Lieutenant, Albemarle
Rifles, Company B, Nineteenth Virginia Regiment of which
R. T. W. Duke was captain. He succeeded to the captaincy
when Captain Duke was promoted, and as such was with the
company in several campaigns until he was elected Judge Ad-
vocate of Longstreet's Corps, in which capacity he served until
the end of the war. \
By reference to letters, written on the field and in camp, we
find he was present at the following battles and skirmishes :
Fairfax Court House; Fredericksburg, December, 1862; The
Maryland Campaign, under Captain Duke; Chancellorsville,
May, 1863; Spotsylvania C. H., May 13th, 1864; Cold Harbor,
second fight, June 3rd, 1864; and "The Crater" at Petersburg,
July 1864. His military court was for many months stationed
at various places in the southwestern part of the State, and in
east Tennessee at Russellville, Jonesboro, Morristown and
Bristol ; but from June, 1864, until the end, between Richmond
and Petersburg.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 55
CAPTAIN JOHN C. CULIN.
BY C. B. LINNEY.
Captain J. C. Culin was a native of Philadelphia, Pennsyl-
vania, and as a young man moved to Richmond, where he was
an active member of the Richmond Grays. Previous to the
war he came to Charlottesville to live, and was elected Captain
of the Monticello Guard, Company A, Nineteenth Virginia In-
fantry. He served during the war, and was wounded seven
times, in fact, wounded in nearly every battle in which he par-
ticipated. He was a born soldier and a fine drill master. He lost
a leg at the battle of Five Forks, and was taken prisoner. After
the war he engaged in business in Charlottesville, and was al-
ways an active member of the Monticello Guard. In 1881, he
was appointed Assistant Quartermaster of the Third Regiment
of Virginia Volunteers. He was generous to a fault, kind-
hearted, and had many friends. He died December 14th, 1890.
CAPTAIN EUGENE DAVIS.
BY DR. JOHN STAIGE DAVIS.
Eugene Davis, son of John A. G. Davis and Mary Jane Ter-
rel, his wife, was born at Prospect Hill, Middlesex County, Vir-
ginia, March, 1822. He was brought to Albemarle County in
1824, living first in Charlottesville for two years at the "old
corner" on High Street. His parents then moved to "The
Farm," which his father had purchased from the Lewis estate.
He attended the University of Virginia from 1835 to 1840, and
graduated with the degrees of M. A. and B. L.
His marriage to Miss Patsy Morris, of the Green Springs,
took place in 1844. He practiced law in Charlottesville up to
the death of his wife in 1847. Thereafter until the outbreak of
the Civil War he engaged in farming, to which he was always
devoted, and which he resumed after the surrender.
On the outbreak of hostilities in* 1861, he collected a troop of
cavalry, called the Albemarle Light-Horse, and was elected its
Captain. In this capacity he fought through the First Battle of
56 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
Manassas, but was afterward attacked by a severe digestive dis-
order, from which he never entirely recovered. After a year's
illness he regained his health in some degree and for several
months was attached to General Pendleton's Staff during the
battles around Richmond. After this voluntary detail, he en-
listed as a private in the Clark Cavalry and saw service in a
number of engagements during the next two years, until he was
captured at the battle of Yellow Tavern.
His first incarceration was at Point Lookout, Maryland, but
later he was transferred to Elmira, New York. There he
worked and suffered many hardships during the fall and winter
of '64 and '65. During this time a large school amongst his fel-
low prisoners was started by him, the few necessary books be-
ing supplied by some generous and considerate Northern
friends. He was finally exchanged and reached home a few
days before Lee's surrender.
From that time Charlottesville was his residence, until 1874,
when the move was made to his cherished farm, "Willoughby,"
two miles south of the city, and where he died on May 19th,
1894.
Up to his last day he maintained an active and efficient in-
terest in the civic and religious life of the community.
He served one term as Mayor of Charlottesville, was the
first County Superintendent of Sunday Schools, and was a mem-
ber of the vestry of Christ Church for forty years.
CAPTAIN JAMES MERCER GARNETT.
BY MILTON W. HUMPHREYS.
James Mercer Garnett was born at Aldie, Loudoun County,
Virginia, April 24th, 1840, and died in Baltimore, Maryland,
February 18th, 1916. His father was Theodore Stanford Gar-
nett, his mother Florentina Isadora (Moreno) Garnett.
Having been prepared at the Episcopal High School of Vir-
ginia, he entered the University in 1857 and received the de-
gree of Master of Arts in 1859. Having taught school a year,
JAMES MERCER GARNETT
CAPTAIN, ROCKBRIDGE ARTILLERY, C. S. A.
Prof. English Language and Literature,
University of Virginia
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 57
he was pursuing a graduate course at the University in 1860-61,
when he went out with one of the two companies of volunteers
formed there, and on July 13th he became a member of the
Rockbridge Artillery. He participated in the battle of Ma-
nassas and subsequent engagements with distinguished bravery.
In 1862 he was made First Lieutenant of Infantry and later
Second Lieutenant of Artillery. He rendered very efficient
service as aide-de-camp, and having been promoted to the rank
of Captain, he was assigned to ordnance duty. To the end at
Appomattox he was Chief of Ordnance of Rodes's (Grimes's)
Division. He is repeatedly cited in reports by his superior offi-
cers, including "Stonewall" Jackson, for gallantry and general
efficiency.
After the war he devoted himself to education and author-
ship. The positions he held were as follows :
1865-6, Licentiate in Ancient Languages, University of Vir-
ginia.
1866-7, Professor of Greek and Mathematics, Louisiana
State University.
1867-8, Assistant Principal, Episcopal High School of Vir-
ginia.
1869-70, Student in Berlin and Leipsic.
1870-1880, President of St. John's College, Annapolis, Mary-
land.
1880-82, Principal of Garnett's University School, Ellicott
City, Md.
1882-1896, Professor of English, University of Virginia.
1896-7, Professor of English, Goucher College, Baltimore.
He spent the remainder of his life in Baltimore, teaching
privately and doing literary work.
Professor Garnett published histories and sketches of several
members of his paternal line, all men of distinction, and made
numerous important contributions to Virginia and Confederate
history, including a history of the University of Virginia
(1904).
He ably advocated scholarly methods in teaching English and
58
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
was the author of several papers and addresses on the subject,
and also of several text-books, including an excellent transla-
tion of Beowulf. He also published articles on various other
subjects, especially biblical.
He was a member of numerous organizations, including the
Phi Beta Kappa Society, and was president of the American
Dialect Society ( 1890-91 ) and of the American Philological As-
sociation (1893-4).
He was an ardent lover of the Confederate cause and was
largely or chiefly instrumental in the formation of the John
Bowie Strange Camp of Confederate Veterans, of which he was
a Lieutenant-Commander from its organization in 1889 until
1892, when he became Commander, and so remained until he
removed from Charlottes ville in 1896.
On April 19th, 1871, he married Katherine H. Noland, of
Middleburg, Virginia, who, with some other ladies, organized at
his residence the Albemarle Chapter of the Daughters of the
Confederacy.
Professor Garnett was an earnest and zealous member of the
Protestant Episcopal Church, and on Sundays instructed a
class in the Greek New Testament.
He was a man of profound scholarship, grave demeanor, firm
convictions, devotion to duty, fidelity to friends, and strict
moral principles ; an enemy of all sham and superficiality.
CAPTAIN JOHN P. JONES.
BY C. B. LINNEY.
Captain John P. Jones enlisted in the Confederate army as
a member of Company D, Fifty-sixth Virginia Regiment, at the
beginning of the war, and served with marked distinction to the
close. He was wounded during the Seven Days battles around
Richmond, captured at Gettysburg, and remained a prisoner un-
til the surrender at Appomattox.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 59
CAPTAIN CARTER McKEIN LOUTHAN.
BY G. L. PETRIE.
Carter McKein Louthan was born at Millwood, Clarke
County, Virginia, May llth, 1838. He was educated at schools
in Berryville and at the University of Virginia. While at the
University he participated in the organization of the Y. M.
C. A., the first College Y. M. C. A. in the world, and it was his
privilege fifty years after to be present and participate in its
semi-centennial celebration.
He enlisted in the Confederate army, May 31st, 1861, as pri-
vate in Company I, Second Virginia Regiment, Stonewall Jack-
son's Brigade. He was with Jackson in the Bath and Romney
Campaigns, January, 1862. After this, because of shattered
health, he was discharged from the army. Seven weeks later
he joined Brooks' Battery, Poague's Battalion, and was in the
battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Bristow Station and
Mine Run. Shortly after this he was captured and was a pris-
oner for three months at Camp Chase, Ohio, and for seventeen
months at Fort Delaware. He obtained release about two
months after the surrender at Appomattox.
After the war he taught school for four years. He was ad-
mitted to the bar at Berryville, and was Commonwealth's At-
torney for Clarke County for about eight years. He was
County Superintendent of Schools for five years. He was
Deputy Collector of internal revenue under Presidents Harri-
son, McKinley and Roosevelt. Originally a Democrat, he became
a member of the Republican party in 1884. He was a devout
and earnest member of the Baptist Church, and was for sev-
eral years presiding officer of the Albemarle Baptist Association.
He lived in Clarke County till 1886, then removed to Madi-
son County, where he resided till 1901. After that he resided
in Charlottesville. He was twice married, first, to Miss Ella
Burns; second, to Miss S. Edna Tyler, who survives him.
He was a brave and faithful soldier and made an honorable
record in the military service of the Confederate States. He
possessed the affection and confidence of those who knew him.
He had a vigorous, active mind, was a forceful speaker, and a
60 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
graceful, strong writer. He was an entertaining companion,
possessing fine conversational powers.
As a member of John Bowie Strange Camp, his memory is
cherished as his comradeship was enjoyed.
Though he has passed away from us, his name is honorably
enrolled amongst those who faithfully served the cause they
loved : a soldier, a patriot, a Christian.
CAPTAIN JAMES DAVIS McINTIRE.
BY R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
Captain James Davis Mclntire was born in Charlottesville,
Virginia, in 1840. He was a son of George M. Mclntire, Esq.,
a prominent business man of this city, and Catherine Ann
Clarke, his wife, who was a native of Virginia. His grand-
mother was a sister of the distinguished John A. G. Davis,
Professor of Law in the University of Virginia.
Young Mclntire attended private schools in Charlottesville
until the year 1859, when he entered the' University of Virginia,
where he was a student for the session of 1859-60. At the out-
break of the War between the States he entered the service of
the C. S. A. as a second-lieutenant of Company F of the Nine-
teenth Virginia Infantry, being subsequently elected First-Lieu-
tenant and later Captain of that company. He was adjutant of
his brigade and a most excellent, gallant and efficient officer. He
was wounded at Second Manassas, and in the historic charge of
Pickett's Division at Gettysburg he received another severe
wound.
After the surrender he returned to his native city, later mov-
ing to Richmond, where he engaged in the insurance business
with marked success. He married Miss Pauline Ould Griffeth,
of Baltimore, on October 10th, 1874, and had three children,
one of whom died in infancy. The others, Miss Katherine Ang-
ela Mclntire and Miss Helen Jeffrey Mclntire, survive him.
Mrs. Mclntire died some years previous to the death of her
husband.
Mr. Mclntire was a gentleman of high qualifications, a gal-
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 61
lant and distinguished soldier, a sincere friend and a prominent
and useful citizen. He died in Richmond, Virginia, on Feb-
ruary 5th, 1910.
CAPTAIN GEORGE NORRIS.
By W. E. NORRIS.
George Norris was a native of Charlottesville, Virginia. He
was born in 1837, and was an alumnus of the John Bowie
Strange Military Academy.
In 1861 he abandoned his studies at the University of Vir-
ginia and entered the V. M. I. for a short course in military
instruction and training.
He was elected Lieutenant of the "Border Guard," a volun-
teer Albemarle Company, recruited and commanded by Captain
R. D. Crank. The company was mustered into the service, June
23rd, 1861, and assigned to the Wise Legion at Lewisburg, Vir-
ginia. The Legion served through a campaign in Western Vir-
ginia, during which it fought in the engagement of Scarey
Creek where probably the first war casualties in battle occurred
among Albemarle County men.
The Wise Legion was captured at Roanoke Island and pa-
roled. When an exchange of the prisoners had been effected,
the command was reorganized. The Border Guard then elected
George Norris Captain, and was made Company D of the Forty-
Sixth Virginia Infantry. The command was thereafter known
as the Wise Brigade. Captain Norris followed the fortunes of
the command to the end of the war, ever present at his post of
duty — in the defense of Charleston, S. C. ; in the battles immedi-
ately preceding the establishment of the lines of defense about
Petersburg ; the dreary, disheartening service in those trenches ;
the battles of Hatcher's Run and Five Forks ; and on the re-
treat, the battle of Sailors Creek, and in other affairs of less
magnitude.
Though stern in his requirements in the line of military duty,
his men adored him, and at his orders rendered the best that
was in them. Outside of the line of strictly military duty his
62 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
manner was remarkably quiet and gentle and he enjoyed the
esteem and confidence of his fellow officers. He surrendered
at Appomattox with his Company, including his lieutenants,
W. E. Norris, Frank S. Durrett and William Harris.
Frank Durrett was a big-hearted, lovable man and a patriotic
and efficient officer.
George Norris and William Harris were natives of Char-
lottesville and Albemarle County. They were not members of
John Bowie Strange Camp as they did not live to see it organ-
ized.
CAPTAIN THOMAS RANDOLPH PRICE.
BY PROFESSOR R. H. DABNEY.
From Thomas Price, who came from Wales to Virginia about
1740, was descended Thomas Randolph Price, who was born
in Richmond, March 18th, 1839, and died in New York, May
7th, 1903. Among his ancestors was Richard Channing Moore,
second Bishop of Virginia. He married Lizzie Campbell Trip-
lett, who still survives him.
After taking the degree of Master of Arts at the University
of Virginia, he pursued his studies at the Universities of Ber-
lin, Kiel, Athens and Paris. Had he been cowardly or selfish,
he might have remained in Europe when the Northern hosts in-
vaded the South in 1861. But, being conspicuously the reverse,
he promptly ran the blockade and offered his services to the
Confederate Government. Assigned to .duty as Lieutenant on
Jeb Stuart's Staff, he was later transferred to the Corps of En-
gineers under General Gilmore, and rising to the rank of Cap-
tain, served gallantly and efficiently to the close of the war;
being sent by Lee in the last days of the Confederacy to tell
President Davis in Danville that surrender was inevitable.
Price's love for the Confederacy was based upon a profound
conviction of the righteousness of the Southern cause. For, al-
though he spent the last twenty years of his life in New York,
he scorned those Southern renegades .who loudly gloried in the
fact that the South had been whipped. Indeed, a Northern
colleague of his at Columbus, Professor Woodbury, so respected
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 63
his splendid fidelity to the Lost Cause that he begins his "Reg-
imen" to Price's memory with the line —
Sleep, Soldier of the South, who loved me well!
and eulogizes the "sweet patience" with which, after enduring
the supreme grief of seeing the Confederacy fall, he bore all
the lesser ills of life.
For thou hadst borne the worst, and learned to bear
All lesser sorrows in one great despair.
O much enduring soul who enterest peace,
Still shall our love for thee on earth increase;
Now, poet, scholar, soldier, on death's plain
Sleep with thy early friends in battle slain.
At the close of the war, after teaching for a time in a classi-
cal school established by himself and John M. Strother in Rich-
mond, he became Professor of Latin and Greek at Randolph-
Macon College; and then, dropping the Latin, became the first
Professor of English in the South. In 1876, however, he suc-
ceeded Gildersleeve in the chair of Greek at the University of
Virginia. Here he did splendid and happy work; but, when
summoned in 1882 to be the first Professor of English at Co-
lumbia, listened to the call of his mother tongue and devoted the
rest of his life to the duties of his chair.
Though an ardent and inspiring teacher of English, he was
no narrow specialist; for he was familiar with three ancient and
six modern languages ; was a member of the Greek Club in New
York ; spoke frequently before the American Oriental Society ;
was President of the Modern Language Association ; delivered
numerous addresses; and wrote scholarly articles on various
literary and linguistic topics.
All in all he was morally, intellectualy and socially one of the
finest products of the Old South.
64 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
CAPTAIN STEPHEN VALENTINE SOUTH-ALL.
BY R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
Stephen Valentine Southall was born in Charlottesville, Vir-
ginia, on April 27th, 1830, and died on November 20th, 1913.
He was a son of the distinguished lawyer Valentine Wood
Southall of Charlottesville, Virginia, whose mother was a niece
of Patrick Henry. Mr. Southall attended the University in
the sessions of '47, '48, '49 and '50, read law in the office of his
father, and commenced the practice of his profession in Lynch-
burg, Virginia, but remained there only a short while, return-
ing to his native city, where for a long period of years he was
one of -the most prominent members of the distinguished Albe-
marle Bar.
At the beginning of the Civil War he entered the Confederate
service and was commissioned Captain at the reorganization of
the army in May, 1862. He served as Adjutant in Long's Ar-
tillery, Second Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, and surren-
dered with General Lee at Appomattox Court House on the
9th of April, 1865.
After the war he returned to Charlottesville and entered into
partnership with the distinguished lawyer and jurist, William J.
Robertson, and on Judge Robertson's retiring from active prac-
tice, Mr. Southall continued to practice alone. He was a law-
yer of great ability, a powerful advocate before juries, and a re-
fined and cultivated gentleman of the highest integrity and per-
sonal worth. He served one term in the legislature after the
reorganization of the State government, and whilst taking an
active part in politics and in all civic matters, was never again
a candidate for any political office.
He married Miss Emily Voss and left surviving him S. V.
Southall, Jr., a prominent attorney of Emporia, Miss Mary
Southall and Mrs. Emily Dunn, wife of Reverend Joseph Dunn,
of Lynchburg, Virginia. One daughter, Mrs. Dollie Waters,
predeceased her father, leaving one child.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 65
CAPTAIN CHARLES ERASTUS VAWTER.
BY PROF. F. H. SMITH.
Charles Erastus Yawter was born June 9th, 1841, in what is
now Monroe County, West Virginia, and died at the Miller
School, October 27th, 1905. He entered Emory and Henry
College in 1858, and left in 1861 to enter the Confederate Army.
He was a member of the Stonewall Brigade, rising to the rank
of Captain. He was a prisoner at Fort Delaware in June 1863.
He re-entered his college, graduating in 1865. He took spe-
cial courses in higher mathematics with distinction at the Uni-
versity of Virginia, while serving at Emory and Henry. He
spent part of his time, the second year, at Charlottesville. He
was Professor of Mathematics at Emory and Henry from June
1868 to 1878, when he was elected Superintendent of the Miller
Manual Labor School of Albemarle County, Virginia. He died
in its service.
He also, while in this office, acted as member of the Board
of Visitors of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute at Blacksburg.
He acted as Superintendent of Sunday-School work in Albe-
marle County and as member of the Board of Visitors of the
Colored Institute at Petersburg, Virginia. In every field he
proved to be a valued citizen, leaving everywhere the results of
fine work.
I close with two pictures' of him :
One was when in 1878 two professors of the University of
Virginia spent two long days in studying the testimonials of a
great multitude of candidates for the place of Superintendent
of the Miller School. Among them were distinguished soldiers.
One had been the honored head of the most successful depart-
ment of the Southern Government. At the end of the second
day, one of the judges addressed his senior: "Well, Colonel,
whom do you pick out?" "I'm for Vawter," said the man ad-
dressed. "So am I," exclaimed his companion. The selection,
a wonder to those who did not know Vawter, proved to be a
most happy one for the school, the first of its kind in our land.
After years of experiment, it is to-day carrying on its magnifi-
cent work, largely on lines laid down by Captain Vawter.
66 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
Our second picture finds Captain Vawter years later on a car
sweeping down the Valley. Captain Vawter spoke aloud, and
said, "What a glorious Valley it was, without a single defeat for
the great Stonewall." "What about Kernstown?" said a loud
voice from the other end of the car, "Oh, well !" exclaimed the
Captain with a laugh, "that was the only action I was not in
and I can say nothing personally of it." He sought out the in-
terrogator, and found him to be a gallant Federal officer. They
became good friends. But the Captain might have said that our
army never regarded Kernstown as a defeat. It was fought to
keep General Shields and his army from crossing the Blue
Ridge, and this it did.
CAPTAIN MICAJAH WOODS.
BY LYON G. TYLER, OF WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA.
Micajah Woods was born May 17th, 1844, at "Holkham," in
Albemarle County, Virginia. His parents were Doctor John
Rodes Woods and Sabina Stuart Creigh. On both sides of his
family he was descended from Scotch-Irish Ancestors. His
first American progenitor on his paternal side was Michael
Woods, who, in 1737, received a patent for a large tract of land
in what was then Goochland County, from which Albemarle
County was formed in 1744. Michael Woods' son, William
Woods, the great-grandfather of Micajah Woods', was a mem-
ber of the legislature of Virginia from Albemarle County in
1798 and 1799, and his son Micajah Woods was a member of
the Albemarle County Court from 1815 to 1837, and high sher-
iff of the county at the time of his death. Doctor John Rodes
Woods, the latter's son, and the father of the subject of this
sketch, was a wealthy planter of Albemarle County and was for
many years considered the leading authority upon scientific
agriculture and stock-raising in Virginia.
After the usual round in the elementary branches, Micajah
Woods was, in 1855, sent ^o the Lewisburg Academy, where he
MICAJAH WOODS
CAPTAIN, C. S. A.
PRESIDENT VIRGINIA BAR ASS*N
Former Commander John Bowie Strange Camp
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 67
remained one year. He then attended the Military Academy
in Charlottesville conducted by Colonel John B. Strange, where
he remained two years, after which he studied two years at the
Bloomfield academy taught by Messrs. Brown, and Tebbs. In
1861, he entered the University of Virginia, but soon quit the
academic shades for the field of war. He first served, when
barely seventeen years of age, as a volunteer on the staff of
General John B. Floyd in the West Virginia campaign of 1861 ;
in 1862, as a private in the "Albemarle Light Horse," in the
Virginia cavalry^; afterwards as First Lieutenant in the Vir-
ginia State Line; and in May, 1863, he was elected and com-
missioned First Lieutenant in Jackson's Battery of Horse Ar-
tillery, Army of Northern Virginia, in which capacity he served
till the close of the war. Among the battles in which he par-
ticipated were Carnifax Ferry, Port Republic, Second Cold
Harbor, New Market, Second Manassas, Sharpsburg, Winches-
ter, Fisher's Hill and Gettysburg.
At the close of the war he returned to the University of Vir-
ginia, graduating in law in 1868. He immediately began the
practice of his profession in Charlottesville, Virginia, and in
1870 was elected Commonwealth's Attorney for the County,
which position he filled with credit and distinction up to the
time of his death, in 1911.
In 1872 he was made a member of the Board of Visitors of
the University of Virginia, a position which he held for four
years, having been at the time of his appointment the youngest
member of that board ever selected. Captain Woods was a
Democrat, and, in 1880, he declined a unanimous nomination
for congress tendered him by the Democratic party in Albe-
marle County. He was permanent chairman of the Virginia
Democratic Convention which met in Staunton in 1896 to elect
delegates to the National Convention.
In 1881 he was elected Captain of the Monticello Guard at
Charlottesville, and commanded that famous old company at
the Yorktown celebration in October, 1881. In 1893 he was
made Brigadier-General of the Second Brigade of Virginia
Confederate veterans, which rank he held until 1901, when he
68 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
declined re-election. In August, 1908, he was elected President
of the Virginia State Bar Association.
On the 9th of June, 1874, he was married to Miss Matilda
Minor Morris, of Hanover County, Virginia, and had five chil-
dren.
When asked to review the experiences of his career for the
benefit of the young and to make some suggestions regarding
the best way to attain success, Captain Woods replied: "Be
thorough." And, indeed, such was this exemplary man's prin-
ciple of action through life. He was a thorough lawyer, a
thorough student of books, and a thorough Virginian in heart,
soul and action.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 69
LIEUTENANTS.
EVERETT W. EARLY.
BY CAPTAIN HENRY CLAY MICHIE.
Everett W. Early was born in Albemarle County, Virginia,
on the 29th day of February, 1844. When his State seceded
from the Union in April, 1861, Lieutenant Early, seeing that
war was inevitable, went to the Virginia Military Institute to
prepare for the struggle. In June or July, 1861, he was or-
dered to Manassas to aid in preparing the thousands of green
troups who were assembling there for the approaching conflict.
He was assigned to the 49th Virginia Volunteer Infantry, com-
manded by Colonel (ex-Governor) William Smith, who soon
made him Sergeant-Major of the Regiment, in which capacity
he served in the First Battle of Manassas, where he was
wounded. For meritorious services in this battle he was pro-
moted to a lieutenancy in one of the Amherst companies of the
49th regiment. In this capacity Lieutenant Early served in 1862
in the Battles of Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Seven Days Bat-
tle around Richmond, Second Battle of Manassas, the capture
of Harpers' Ferry, and the Battle of Sharpsburg (or Antietam).
In the last named battle he commanded the skirmishers of
General Jubal Eearly's Brigade. He served under Jackson,
December 15th, 1862, in the desperate fighting at Fredericks-
burg; also at Chancellorsville in 1863, where he was badly
wounded. After sufficient recovery he attended lectures at the
University of Virginia, but returned to his old Company dur-
ing the battles in Spottsylvania County in 1864. He was taken
prisoner by Sheridan on Monticello Mountain in March, 1865,
and confined in the jail at Charlottesville, but escaped when
the enemy was taking him North, and so missed the worst ex-
perience of a Confederate soldier — a Northern prison. Lieu-
tenant Early passed away about the year 1896.
70 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
CLEMENT DANIELS FISHBURNE.
BY J. N. WADDELL.
Clement Daniels Fishburne was born in Waynesboro, Vir-
ginia, on May 26th, 1832, and died in Charlottesville, Virginia,
on May 16th, 1907. He was the son of Daniel Fishburne,
of Waynesboro, and of Ann Blackwell Rodes Fishburne, of
Albemarle County. In his earlier years, he attended school in
Waynesboro, and afterwards entered Washington College at
Lexington, Virginia, from which institution he graduated.
After leaving college he taught in Christiansburg, Virginia,
for one year, and the following year entered the University of
Virginia. Shortly after the opening of the session he was
elected Professor of Applied Mathematics at Davidson College,
North Carolina, which was at that time under the charge of
Major D. H. Hill, afterwards General Hill of the Confederate
army. He was afterwards elected by the trustees of that insti-
tution Professor of Greek.
In 1860 he resigned his position at Davidson College with a
view to studying law, and entered the law school of the Uni-
versity of Virginia in the fall of 1860.
In the spring of 1861 Virginia seceded from the Union, and
in June of that year he left the institution to join the Rockbridge
Artillery under the captaincy of W. N. Pendleton. He served
in the Rockbridge Artillery for a year or more, and was then
transferred to other departments of the army. When the .war
closed he was First-Lieutenant in the Ordnance Department.
After the war he returned to the University -of Virginia, and
finished his course in law, and started practicing in Charlottes-
ville, where he lived for the remainder of his life. While en-
gaged in his profession, he was elected cashier of the Bank of
Albemarle, which position he held until his death. He was
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors of Albemarle County
for many years, and was also a member of the council of the
town and city of Charlottesville. He was one of the trustees
of Washington and Lee University, of which he was a graduate,
and on him was conferred by that University the honorary de-
gree of M. A.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 71
He was married while at Davidson College to Sarah Wad-
dell of Lexington, Virginia, who died about one year later. He
afterwards married Elizabeth Wood, of Albemarle County, Vir-
ginia, who, with three sons, Judge John W. Fishburne, Clement
D. Fishburne, Jr., and George P. Fishburne, survives him. He
was a strong and vigorous writer, and at one time edited The
Chronicle, a well known weekly paper published in Charlottes-
ville for some years after the war.
Few men in his day and generation were held in higher es-
teem by the people of Charlottesville and Albemarle County.
Ready always to give counsel to those who sought his advice, his
judgment was rarely wrong, and many to-day live to testify to
the strong, lovable character of Clement Daniels Fishburne —
Soldier, Scholar, and Citizen!
WILLIAM MORRIS FONTAINE.
BY PROFESSOR J. -M. PAGE.
William Morris Fontaine was born on December 1st, 1835, in
Louisa County, Virginia, and was the son of James and Juliet
(Morris) Fontaine. He was a worthy scion of old and distin-
guished families in Virginia, being of Huguenot descent on his
paternal side, and a lineal descendant of that John de la Fon-
taine who was martyred at La Mans, France, in 1561. •-
Young Fontaine was prepared for the University of Virginia
at the famous old "Hanover Academy." He entered the Uni-
versity in 1856, and was graduated with the degree of Master of
Arts in 1859. He then taught school for a short time, but en-
tered the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the War' be-
tween the States, serving as a second-lieutenant until 1862.
Then he was made First-Lieutenant of Ordnance, in which ca-
pacity he served until the close of the war. From 1865 to 1869
he taught school and farmed. During 1869 and 1870, he was
a student in the Royal School of Mines, Freiburg, Saxony. In
1873, he was elected Professor of Chemistry and Geology in
the University of West Virginia, which position he filled un-
til 1879. In 1879, he was called to the Corcoran Chair of Nat-
72 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
ural History and Geology in the University of Virginia. He
was also appointed Curator of the Brooks Museum of the Uni-
versity of Virginia, and served until September 1911, when he
retired on the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of
Teaching. From this date until his death in 1913, Professor
Fontaine divided his time between his home at the University
and his other home in Hanover County.
He was the author of numerous papers in scientific journals,
and in the publications of the United States Geological Survey
and the U. S. National Museum. He was elected a Fellow of
the Geological Society of America in December, 1888, and was
a member of the Huguenot Society of America. He was ranked
as an expert of the highest order in paleo-botany, in which field
his work stands out as of the highest importance and value,
especially in the application of paleo-botany to the broader fields
of stratigraphic geology.
Professor Fontaine was of an extremely modest and retiring
disposition, and generous to a fault. He was devoted to music
and literature; and those who were so fortunate as to knovv
him well were devoted to him, not only on account of his large
intellectual endowments, but on account of his splendid traits
of character. He was never married.
• ADJUTANT GEORGE LOYALL GORDON.
BY ARMISTEAD C. GORDON.
George Loyall Gordon, son of General William Fitzhugh Gor-
don and his wife, Elizabeth Lindsay, was born at his father's
home, "Edgeworth," in Albemarle County, about five miles west
of Gordonsville, Virginia, on the 17th day of January, 1829.
His twin brother was Captain Charles Henry Gordon, of Fau-
quier County, Virginia, who was a lieutenant in the "Black
Horse Cavalry," C. S. A., and later on the staff of General
Beverley Robertson.
George L. Gordon received his primary education in schools
conducted by private tutors at his father's home, and at the
neighboring homes of the Pages and Rives. In 1848 he en-
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 73
tered the University, where he studied in the Academic De-
partment and later in the School of Law. After leaving the
University, he settled in Alexandria, Virginia, where he prac-
ticed law in partnership with Mr. W. L. Marbury under the firm
name of Gordon & Marbury, and at the same time edited a
Democratic daily, "The Alexandria Sentinel,'' and took an ac-
tive part in in the politics of the State, gaining a distinguished
reputaton as a political speaker.
On the 20th of December, 1854, he married at Halifax, North
Carolina, Miss Mary Long Daniel, eldest daughter of Judge
Joseph J. Daniel of the Supreme Court of that State, and his
wife Maria Stith. Of this marriage were born five children,
two of whom died in childhood. The three remaining children
were Armistead C. Gordon, now a resident of Staunton, Vir-
ginia, the late James Lindsay Gordon of Albemarle County and
New York City, and Mary Long Gordon, who married Dr.
Richard H. Lewis, of Raleigh, North Carolina, and died there
in 1895.
In 1857 George L. Gordon moved to Louisa County, Vir-
ginia, where he resided and practiced his profession, at the same
time conducting his farm known as "Longwood," situated
about a mile and a half from Lindsay's on the Chesapeake and
Ohio Railroad. At the beginning of the War between the States,
he was visiting, with his wife and children, his wife's sister,
Mrs. Turner W. Battle, in Edgecombe County, North Carolina.
Hence it was that he enlisted there as a private in an infantry
company raised in that county by his brother-in-law, Captain
Battle, and known as the Edgecombe Light Infantry, which be-
came a part of the Fifth (later the Fifteenth) North Carolina
Regiment, under Colonel Robert McKinney, and afterwards
under Colonel William McCrae. In the latter part of June,
1861, the regiment was ordered to Virginia, and was in service
at Yorktown, Williamsburg and Suffolk, and participated in the
battle at Lee's Farm, in which it lost twelve killed, including
Colonel McKinney, and had forty-four wounded. The enemy
suffered casualties in killed and wounded amounting to one hun-
dred and eighty-three.
This regiment reorganized on the 3rd of May, 1862, and
74 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
George L. Gordon became regimental adjutant, being promoted
from the ranks and commissioned June 10th, 1862 (Moore's
Roster of N. C. Troops, Vol. I, p. 545). On July 1st, 1862, at
Malvern Hill, the Fifteenth Regiment, forming the right of
Cobb's Brigade, and constituting a part of the first line of battle,
attacked the enemy who had concentrated a heavy force of ar-
tillery and infantry on the hill. The attack was made "through
an open field of several hundred yards, broken by ravines, and
exposed to a murderous fire of grape and canister from the ar-
tillery and mortar shells from the gun boats on the James River,
and a heavy fire from the infantry in front." (Clark's Hist, of
N. C. Regiments, 1861-1865, Vol. I, pp. 737-739.)
In this charge George L. Gordon led the Confederate line and
was killed within twenty yards of the Federal batteries.
MASON GORDON.
BY ARMISTEAD C. GORDON.
Mason Gordon, youngest son of General William Fitzhugh
Gordon, of Edgeworth, Albemarle County, Virginia, and his
wife, Elizabeth Lindsay, was born at his father's home, situated
about five miles west of Gordonsville, September 17th, 1840. He
was educated by teachers at home, and at Bloomfield School in
Albemarle County, and at the beginning of the War between the
States was a student in the academic' schools of the University
of Virginia, which he had entered in the session of 1859-1860.
At the outbreak of hostilities he left the University, and became
a private in the Albemarle Light Horse, a gallant cavalry organ-
ization, which was afterwards known as Company K, Second
Virginia Cavalry, General Munford's old regiment, Elizabeth
Lee's Brigade. In this company he became a corporal, and
served with his troop in the First Battle of Manassas, and later
with Jackson and Ashby through the Vralley Campaign of 1862.
He was in the Second Battle of Manassas and in the frequent
skirmishes in Maryland and in the battle of Sharpsburg. After
the last named battle, he was detached from his regiment and
ordered to report to General Robertson, with whom he served
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 75
as second-lieutenant, and was detailed as drill-master of recruits
at Weldon and other points in North Carolina. At a later date
he was attached to the command of General Whiting at Wilm-
ington, where he continued in active service until the fall of
Fort Fisher and the evacuation of the city early in 1865. He
then joined the army of General Joseph E. Johnson, and par-
ticipated in the battle of Bentonville in March, 1865.
After Johnson's surrender he returned to Albemarle and
again took up his studies at the University of Virginia in the
Law School under Professor John B. Minor. In 1866 he
opened a law office in Charlottesville, where he practiced his
profession in partnership with William L. Cochran under the
firm name of Gordon & Cochran. The firm was dissolved,
after several years, by the death of the junior member, and the
senior continued in the practice until his death which occurred at
his residence, "Stonefield," near Charlottesville, June 9th, 1914.
He was a gallant soldier, a faithful and intelligent officer, and a
conscientious and painstaking attorney. He served many years
as Commissioner in Chancery of the Albemarle Circuit Court,
and as Commissioner of Accounts of the County. For four
years he was a member of the Board of Visitors of the Univer-
sity of Virginia by appointment of his old commander, Gov-
ernor Fitzhugh Lee. A friend and fellow-member of the Al-
bemarle Bar bore tribute to the esteem in which he was univer-
sally held, in these words : "He was a man thoroughly honest
in his character and impulses. In his nature he was as far re-
moved from deceit or double dealing as any man could be. He
was unselfish and lovable, and bore ill-will toward no man, and
I do not believe there was a human being who bore ill-will or
malice towards him."
He married Miss Harriett G. Hart of Wilmington, North
Carolina, whom he survived ; and of their marriage were born
three children : Harriett, who married Thomas L. Rosser, Jr. ;
W'illiam Robertson, who died before his father; and Nancy
Burr Gordon.
His military record is included in the manuscript volumes of
Confederate Records, Vol. 8, pp. 209, 212, in the Virginia State
Library.
76 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
EUGENE O. MICH IE.
BY CAPTAIN HENRY CLAY MICH'IE.
Eugene O. Michie was born in Albemarle County, Virginia,
in the year 1841. He entered the Confederate service in May,
1861, as Second Lieutenant of Company H, Fifty-sixth Regi-
ment of Virginia Volunteer Infantry. This regiment was sent
to southwestern Virginia in the autumn of 1861 and incorpo-
rated into Floyd's Brigade, which served through the winter
and spring of 1862 in Tennessee and Kentucky. Lieutenant
Michie commanded his company in the battle of Fort Donelson.
In May, 1862, the Fifty-sixth Regiment returned to Richmond,
reorganized and was assigned to Pickett's Brigade. Lieutenant
Eugene O. Michie, declining re-election, joined Company K,
Second Virginia Cavalry, a company from his native county.
He was severely wounded in one of the battles of 1864. His
record in the service was highly creditable. He passed away
about the year 1895.
ADJUTANT JOHN DAVIS WATSON.
BY G. N. WATSON.
John Davis Watson was born in Charlottesville, January 21st,
1841, being the son of E. R. Watson and Mary Kelley Watson.
His entire life was spent in Charlottesville, with the exception
of the two or three years he lived in Port Republic.
He was twice married, his first wife being Susan Henry
Smythe, and his second, Josephine Emma Norris. By his first
marriage five children were born: John Richard, Lewis Ran-
dolph, George Norris, Hunter and Annie Watson.
At the outbreak of the Civil War, John D. Watson was a
student at the University of Virginia, but resigned and volun-
teered his service, joining Southall's Battery of Artillery as a
private. He served with this company about eight months on
the peninsula below Richmond. In January, 1862, he was made
Second Lieutenant of Company D, 46th Virginia Infantry,
Wise's Brigade, and went to Roanoke Island, North Carolina,
where he was captured with his entire command by General
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 77
Burnside. Upon the reorganization of his command he was
made First Lieutenant, but had served only a few weeks when
he was ordered to report to Colonel John B. Magruder as Ad-
jutant of the 57th Virginia Infantry, Armstead's Brigade, Pick-
ett's Division, Longstreet's Corps. He was wounded at the bat-
tle of Gettysburg, from which wound he never fully recovered
his strength. John D. Watson died on the 28th day of Novem-
ber, 1916.
WILLIAM NATHANIEL WOOD.
BY EMMA G. WOOD.
William Nathaniel Wood was born in the northern part of
Albemarle County, Virginia, November 16th, 1839.
When quite young he entered mercantile life in Charlottes-
ville. On July 18th, 1861, he left Charlottesville, joining the
Monticello Guard, Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry,
at Lewis' Ford on "Bull Run," and participating in his first bat-
tle that memorable July 21st, 1861.
He was soon promoted to a lieutenancy, and for much of the
latter part of the war was in command of the company. At
the battle of Gettysburg he led the company to the stone wall
under that terrific fire. His clothing was riddled with shot, but
he escaped with a slight scratch under the arm.
His regiment never fired a gun in battle in his absence.
Three days before Lee surrendered, on April 6th, 1865, he was
captured at Sailor's Creek and taken to Johnson's Island in
Lake Erie, remaining there till June 1865.
He returned to Charlottesville from prison, and went into
business. Later he went to New York, and at the time of his
marriage, 1870, was living in Baltimore. After four years
there he came again to Charlottesville, but close confinement to
business had injured his health, and by the advice of his phy-
sician he went to the country and lived on a farm. Fifteen
years later he returned to Charlottesville, where he lived until
his death on February 10th, 1909.
He was a staunch Baptist and was for many years a deacon
in the First Baptist Church. He was a member of Masonic
Lodge No. 60.
78 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
CHARLES E. YOUNG.
BY ROGER A. YOUNG.
The following is an extract from a resolution unanimously
adopted at a meeting of Stonewall Jackson Camp" held April 4th,
1905, at their hall in Staunton, Virginia :
Whereas Charles E. Young departed this life March llth,
1905, this Camp desires to put on record some expression of
their sorrow and respect for his memory:
Comrade Young was born in Augusta County in 1836. He
was a student at the University of Virginia and was prompt to
respond to the call of his native state when she threw herself
into the breach to resist tyranny and oppression.
He enlisted June, 1861, in a company of students that went
from the University of Virginia, which company was enrolled
as a part of the Wise Legion, then doing service in what is now
West Virginia.
Early in the year 1862 the company was disbanded by order
of the Secretary of War. In March of the same year he en-
listed in the Rockbridge Artillery, then commanded by Captain
(afterwards judge) McLaughlin.
After service of several months, owing to the overgrowth of
the company, he was, with several others, transferred to the
Danville Artillery, Shumakers Brigade. After a service of five
or six months, he was transferred back to the Rockbridge Ar-
tillery, where he remained until after the Battle of Gettysburg.
He was then commissioned Lieutenant of Engineers, and served
below Richmond and around Petersburg until the retreat from
Richmond to Appomattox, where he surrendered and was pa-
roled.
The writer of this was with Comrade Young during his serv-
ices in the Rockbridge Battery and can testify to his faithful
service, all duties being cheerfully and promptly performed. He
was always ready and willing to do his full share, whether it
consisted in pushing the cannon out of the mud, or running it up
after recoil for another shot.
As a veteran, in after years, he took much interest in all that
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 79
»
concerned the old Confederates, and especially the Stonewall
Jackson Camp.
He was promoted to its highest office and served as its com-
mander with dignity and efficiency.
He loved the cause for which he had fought and suffered so
much none the less because it seemed to have failed, believing
with the poet that —
"Eternal right, though all things fail,
Can never be made wrong."
CHAPLAIN.
REV. J. WILLIAM JONES, D. D.
BY DR. H. W. BATTLE.
Any history of our Camp that did not contain an appreciative
recognition of the sterling moral character and distinguished
services of the late Rev. J. William Jones, D. D., who, during
the period of his Chaplaincy at the University of Virginia, was
a most loyal and enthusiastic member, would be flagrantly in-
complete. Dr. Jones was born at Louisa Courthouse, Virginia,
September 25th, 1836, of good old Virginia stock. His father
was Francis William Jones, an honored and beloved merchant,
and his mother was Ann Pendleton Ashby. On his maternal
side, Dr. Jones was closely allied with historic families whose
achievements imparted luster to many of the State's proudest
pages. He was married, December 20th, 1860, to Judith Page
Helm, a descendant of illustrious ancestors. Of this marriage
was born ten children, four of whom have risen to eminence
in the Baptist ministry — Carter Helm, of Philadelphia, and
Ashby of Atlanta, have won national fame.
When the war between the states came on, Dr. Jones enlisted
as a private, and served to the close, never permitting his sacred
responsibilities as a Chaplain to interfere with his duties as a
soldier. Profoundly religious, personally courageous, and in-
tensely Confederate, he wielded a mighty influence over thou-
80 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
sands of soldiers in the Army of Northern Virginia, and many
a battle-begrimed hero felt on his brow where the death-dew
was gathering a touch gentle as a mother's, and heard a voice
all broken with emotion as "the fighting chaplain" commended
his passing spirit to "the God of all compassion." Dr. Jones
was Chaplain of the 13th Virginia regiment, and Missionary
Chaplain of General A. P. Hill's Corps.
The war over, Dr. Jones returned to the pastorate and served
with eminent success in a number of important fields ; but per-
haps he was most widely known by the numerous and varied
productions of his brilliant pen. As pastor of the First Bap-
tist Church of Lexington, he was brought into almost daily as-
sociation with his revered and beloved chief, Robert E. Lee,
and thus peculiarly fitted to portray, with pen and voice, the
character of that matchless man. So uncompromising was his
devotion to the cause espoused by Lee and Jackson (the rea-
lized ideals by which he measured all human excellence), and
so bold his spoken and written words, that he became a national
example of fidelity unreconstructed and unreconstructible. Pa-
thetic it may have been, but sublimely loyal.
As Secretary of the Southern Historical Society, 1876-1887,
Dr. Jones contributed many valuable papers and collected much
material for future historians. He was the author of numerous
works of permanent historical value, all of which reflect the
deathless devotion of their author to the traditions and achieve-
ments of the South. In 1890 he was made Chaplain-General of
the United Confederate Veterans. The degree of Doctor of
Divinity was conferred by Washington and Lee University.
Death found him, as he had lived, a patriot and a Christian,
pure, magnanimous, and unafraid. Dr. Jones died in Rich-
mond, March 17th, 1909.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 81
SURGEONS.
DR. JAMES EDGAR CHANCELLOR.
BY JOHN S. PATTON.
Dr. James Edgar Chancellor was born at Chancellorsville,
Spottsylvania County, Virginia, in 1826, and died at the Uni-
versity of Virginia September llth, 1896. He was a son of
George Chancellor.
Dr. Chancellor wa's educated at the University of Virginia
and at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia. He began
the practice of his profession at Chancellorsville. The war com-
ing on, he was commissioned First Assistant Surgeon and then
Surgeon in the Confederate Army, and assigned to duty at the
general hospital at Charlottesville, continuing in the service un-
til the end of the war. After the war he was made demonstra-
tor of anatomy in the University of Virginia, where he remained
until his health imperatively demanded his retirement. He be-
came president of the Medical Society of Virginia, and during
his term the State Board of Medical Examiners of Virginia was
organized, of which he became a member in 1890, and in which
office he continued till his death. For twenty years he had been
a member of the American Medical Association and of the
American Public Health Association.
His first wife was Miss Josephine Anderson, of Spottsylvania
County, who bore him six children — Dr. E. A. Chancellor of
St. Louis; Alexander Clarendon Chancellor of Columbus, Geor-
gia; Thomas Sebastian Chancellor of New Orleans; Samuel C.
Chancellor of the University of Virginia; and Josephine Chan-
cellor, now deceased. His second wife was Mrs. Gabriella
May Chancellor.
DR. HENRY KING COCHRAN.
BY MRS. JOHN M. PRESTON.
Henry King Cochran was the son of John Cochran and his
wife Margaret Lynn Lewis. He was born in Charlottesville,
August 5th, 1832, and studied medicine- at the University of
82 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
Virginia and at Jefferson College, Philadelphia. After gradu-
ation he practiced in Bellevue Hospital, Baltimore, later settling
in Lynchburg for the practice of his profession. Here the out-
break of the war found him. He volunteered at once and
served through the entire war as a surgeon, being stationed at
points in Virginia, West Virginia and North Carolina. He was
in the western campaign and at the siege of Corinth.
He was for many months at "Old Seabrook Hospital" near
Petersburg, and later at Wilmington, Nortel Carolina, where he
contracted chills from which he never wholly recovered.
The latter part of his life was spent in Smythe County, Vir-
ginia, where he practiced medicine, doing a great amount of
charity work.
Late in life he embraced the Catholic faith, the seeds of
which had been planted by a zealous and pious aunt.
He never took the oath of allegiance and grew to be a stronger
Confederate as the years advanced.
He died at the home of his sister, Mrs. J. M. Preston, No-
vember 28th, 1903.
DR. THOMAS MARTIN DUNN.
BY MRS. SALUE THOMPSON DUNN.
Dr. Thomas Martin Dunn, son of Rev. Thomas Rivers Dunn
and Jane Bennett Carr Salmon, was born at the old Carr home-
stead near Free Union, Albemarle County, on September 1st,
1836. He studied medicine at Richmond Medical College, Rich-
mond, Virginia, and was graduated in February, 1857. He be-
gan the practice of his profession before he was twenty-one
years of age.
On November 15th, 1859, he was married to Miss Sallie
Shepherd Thompson of Free Union, Albemarle County. From
this marriage, there were three children, all of whom survive —
Percival Thomas Dunn, Lelia Shepherd Dunn Miller, and
Bessie Carr Dunn.
During the Civil War he was surgeon at Chimborazo Hos-
pital, Richmond, Virginia, and while Jackson was operating in
the Valley of Virginia he was transferred to the hospital at
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 83
the University of Virginia, and later to a local hospital at White
Hall, Albemarle County.
While he was practicing medicine in the hospitals in Albe-
marle County, he was Captain of Company D of the Albemarle
County Local Battalion. At the time of General Lee's surren-
der he was serving at Chimborazo Hospital in Richmond.
After the war he practiced his profession, locating at Free
Union, Albemarle County, Virginia, where he practiced the re-
mainder of his life, with the exception of the time he was in the
legislature of his state and in the United States Government
service.
He was elected to the legislature from Albemarle County for
the first time in 1875, and again in 1877, 1879, 1881, and 1883.
In 1885 he was appointed Deputy Collector of Internal Reve-
nue for Northern Virginia, under President Grover Cleveland.
He served in this office till 1889.
In 1889 he was elected to the Virginia Senate, representing
Greene and Albemarle Counties, and served till 1892.
In 1893, he was again appointed Deputy Collector for North-
ern Virginia, under President Grover Cleveland, and served un-
til he was elected to the legislature in 1897, where he served
continuously until he retired from public life in 1911.
He died from heart trouble on April 4th, 1916.
DR. JOHN RANDOLPH PAGE.
BY REV. C. B. BRYAN, PETERSBURG.
John Randolph Page, son of Mann Page of Shelly, Glouces-
ter County, Virginia, and Anne Jones Page of the same county,
was born at Greenway in Gloucester County, May 10th, 1830.
He married in 1856 Delia Bryan, eldest daughter of John Ran-
dolph Bryan (of Eagle Point, Gloucester, and of Carysbrook,
Fluvanna County) and Elizabeth Tucker Coalter.
Dr. Page graduated from the University of Virginia in 1850
with the degree of M. D. and then spent several years in Paris
attending medical and surgical clinics. He returned to Vir-
ginia and practiced medicine in his native county.
84 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
During the Civil War he was with General J. B. Magruder.
He organized and was in charge of the hospital at Yorktown,
and was in hospital service during the Seven Days fighting
around Richmond and at Malvern Hill.
In his profession he was especially successful as a diagnos-
tician, and was advanced and sound in his views on sanitation
and hygiene. During the last years of the war he was chief
surgeon in a hospital in Lynchburg. Dr. Wilson C. X. Ran-
dolph, his able colleague there, declared that in organizing and
managing a hospital from a sanitary and hygienic point of view,
Dr. Page had no equal in his knowledge, and that the hospital
under his charge in Lynchburg was the best in the Confederacy.
He is said to have been the first surgeon in the Civil War to
use bichloride of mercury in the treatment of infected gunshot
wounds. He also used tar water — the antiseptic property being
creosote and crude carbolic acid — and this at a time when the
antiseptic treatment of wounds was not recognized. He recog-
nized the infectious and fatal nature of glanders in horses and
condemned and destroyed all the horses and stables infected
with glanders within the sphere of his work.
After the war he taught in the Louisiana State Seminary at
Alexandria, Louisiana. From there he went to Baltimore,
where he was Professor of Medicine in the Washington Med-
ical College. From 1872 to 1887 he was Professor of Agricul-
ture, Zoology and Botany in the University of Virginia. Re-
signing his chair, he went to Birmingham, Alabama, and became
Chief Surgeon of the Georgia Pacific Railroad and of the Sloss
Iron and Steel Works. His health failing, he returned to the
University of Virginia, where he died March llth, 1901, and is
buried in the University Cemetery.
Dr. Page was ever a devout, pure-minded and chivalrous
Christian gentleman.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 85
DR. WILSON GARY NICHOLAS RANDOLPH.
BY THOS. J. RANDOLPH.
Descended, as the subject of this sketch was, from the old Vir-
ginia family of Randolph, Tuckahoe branch, and of President
Thomas Jefferson, of Albemarle County, it is not surprising
that Dr. Wilson C. N. Randolph should have thrown in his lot
with the Confederate States when the Old Dominion at last
became a member of that independent aggregation of sovereign
States in 1861. His father was Thomas Jefferson Randolph,
of Edgehill, Albemarle County, who contributed all his sons and
practically all his available fortune, that free and independent
government might live in America as handed down by the fa-
thers, among whom were reckoned his own forbears from the
beginning of the Commonwealth.
Dr. Randolph was an honor-graduate in medicine of the Uni-
versity of Virginia, and had just entered upon the successful
practice of his profession in his native section when the call to
arms in defense of the Mother State enlisted the services of all
her sons of military age.
He enlisted for this service on May 8th, 1861, only a few weeks
after the Ordinance of Secession had been adopted by the Vir-
ginia Convention at Richmond, and was commissioned as a sur-
geon in the Army of Virginia (later to become the Army of
Northern Virginia) under the skilful Joseph E. Johnston and
the matchless Robert E. Lee. He was assigned for duty with the
Richmond Howitzer Battalion of Artillery. With this glorious
aggregation he saw one year's service in the field, and after-
wards was stationed at Lynchburg as Surgeon in charge of Gen-
eral Hospital No. 2.
Dr.- Randolph's achievements in this difficult but necessary
role of army service were notable, distinguished, and in keeping
with his great talents in medicine and surgery, and the efficiency
natural in a graduate of the great school which he was proud
to call his Alma Mater. Despite the handicaps which were
inevitable from the unprepared condition of the Confederacy,
and the many obstructions placed around the civilized care of
the sick and wounded by the unexpected and questionable sever-
86 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
ity of the enemy as to blockade and deprivation of medical sup-
plies, he made an enviable and distinguished record for the effi-
ciency and care which he exercised over the helpless wounded
entrusted to his treatment.
Paroled on May 8th, 1865, after four successive years of un-
remitting service, Dr. Randolph returned to his native county,
and spent the remainder of his long life in practising among his
own people, with whom his name became a household word.
He was born in the year 1834 in the county of Albemarle, and
departed this life on April 23rd, 1907, in his seventy-fourth
year, beloved by all and honored as few men have been in his
day and time for his sterling qualities of head and heart, and
devotion to his native land and the heroic people who sprung
from it.
DR. ARCHIBALD TAYLOR.
BY C. B. LINNEY.
Archibald Taylor entered the Confederate service in April,
1861, as Second-Lieutenant of the Charles City Troop, and was
commissioned Assistant Surgeon afterwards. He served at va-
rious stations, last at Richmond, Virginia. He continued in the
service until the close of the war. After the war he resided at
Charlottesville, where he practiced his profession.
SKETCHES Of THE DEAD 87
NON-COM MISSIONED OFFICERS! AND PRIVATES.
JAMES BUTLER SIGOURNEY ALEXANDER.*
James Butler Sigourney Alexander was born in Charlottes-
ville, January 6th. 1836. He graduated at the U. S. (West
Point) Military Academy, in June, 1856, and was a second-lieu-
tenant in the U. S. Army until April, 1861, when he resigned
and was appointed Captain in the Army of Northern Virginia.
Later he became Assistant C. M. and Q. M. General in the
Army of Northern Virginia, under General Garnett and General
Jackson. He died at Alleghany Springs, August 13th, 1861.
He is buried in the cemetery at Charlottesville.
WILLIAM WILLS ALEXANDER.*
William Wills Alexander was born in Charlottesville, August
25th, 1838. He was Second-Lieutenant of Company B, Nine-
teenth Virginia Regiment; was in the battles of Bull Run and
Manassas ; served in the medical department in Lynchburg ; aft-
erwards was Adjutant of the Forty-sixth Virginia Regiment;
wounded in 1864, and killed March 29th, 1865, at the battle of
Hatcher's Run, near Petersburg. He is buried in the cemetery
at Charlottesville.
J. M. ANDERSON.
J. M. Anderson was a son of Colonel John T. Anderson and
originally from Hanover County, Virginia. He was a fine sol-
dier and served his country well. He engaged in business after
the war and was highly esteemed as a man and citizen. He
was an active member of John Bowie Strange Camp.
R. G. BAILEY.
R. G. Bailey enlisted in Company A, Nineteenth Virginia In-
fantry, and served during the war. After the close of hostili-
ties he lived in Charlottesville and kept a place of entertainment.
*These sketches came in late, and through oversight were omitted
in making up the sketches of deceased officers.
88 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
J. B. BAKER.
J. B. Baker enlisted in the Confederate Army May 1st, 1861,
as an orderly sergeant of Company H, First Virginia Cavalry.
He was wounded at First Manassas and disabled from further
service in the army. — A fine soldier and citizen.
HENRY JUSTUS BALZ.
BY ALBERT G. A. BALZ.
Henry Justus Balz was born in Frankenburg, Hesse-Cassel,
Germany, on February 25th, 1840. He came to the United
States as a youth of seventeen. At the outbreak of the war he
enlisted in an artillery company organized by a Captain Wag-
ner, a Prussian soldier of fortune who gave his services to the
Confederacy. He saw service at Fort Sumter, but later was in
Company 1A, Lucas's Battalion, Armv of Northern Virginia.
After the war Henry Balz returned to Charlottesville, Vir-
ginia, where, on April 7th, ' 1870, he married Mary Hartman.
He remained in Charlottesville until his death, which occurred
on October 25th, 1902. He was instrumental in organizing the
Monticello Guard, and was for many years Second Warden of
the Volunteer Fire Company.
JOHN H. BARKSDALE.
BY W. R. BARKSDALE, His SECOND SON.
The subject of this sketch, John Henry Barksdale, was born
March 8th, 1828, at the old Barksdale homestead in Albemarle
County, known as Pleasant Hill. He came of a long line of
ancestors, dating back to the early part of the seventeenth cen-
tury, when Sir William Barksdale, the first of the name, so far
as known, emigrated to America from England and settled in
Virginia.
He was the second son of Rice Garland Barksdale and Eliza-
beth S. White, his wife, and was educated in the country
schools of the neighborhood. At the age of twenty-eight (No-
vember 18th, 1856), he married Miss Mattie Catherine Dun-
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 89
kum, of Green Hill, Albemarle County. Soon afterward he
bought the Robinson place, then known as Locust Grove, where
he engaged in farming until called to arms in the spring of
1864, under Captain Pannell, of the Fifth Virginia Cavalry.
He served only a few weeks, however, before he was shot
through the left hand at the Battle of Yellow Tavern, the same
engagement in which his commanding general, the immortal
Stuart, was killed.*
After recovering from his wound sufficiently, he went into
the Commissary Department and bought and drove cattle for
the subsistence of the army. Prior to the war he was very ac-
tive in organizing and drilling the State militia, and rose to the
rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, by which title he was called by his
old associates during the rest of his life.
At the close of the war, or soon afterward, being in straight-
ened circumstances on account of the loss of all his slaves and
the impoverished condition of the country, and finding it hard
to make a living for his family on the little and poor farm, he
obtained an appointment as deputy-sheriff, and at the end of
the term was elected sheriff, which office he filled iwith credit.
After retiring from public life, having lost his home on ac-
count of inability to meet the payments, he moved back to the
old home at Pleasant Hill, and engaged in farming again for
some years.
Afterward he bought and moved to the Wingfield place, just
across the road from Temple Hill Church, where, a few years
afterwards, on March 15th, 1899, he had the misfortune to lose
his lifetime partner. From that time he made his home with his
oldest son, J. O. Barksdale, at what was one time the Gary
place, where he departed this life on September 2nd, 1912, just
a few months before his 85th birthday. His remains lie in the
family section in the cemetery at Mount Olivet Church.
*There is no record of the other engagements in which he took
part.
90 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
W. S. BASHAW.
W. S. Bashaw enlisted in June, 1861, in the Fluvanna Ar-
tillery. He was discharged, but re-enlisted and served nearly
four years in the Confederate service. He resided in Char-
lottesville, following the occupation of a liveryman.
ROBERT BASS.
Robert Bass enlisted in the Confederate Army in 1862, and
was discharged April 9th, 1865, serving three years. He was
originally from Fluvanna County, but moved to Charlottesville,
where he engaged in carpentering.
NEWTON BECKWITH.
Newton Beckwith was a native of Fredericksburg, Virginia.
He served four years in the Confederate army as a member of
Company C, 30th Virginia Regiment, under Captain Wisten
Wallace of Fredericksburg.
He was a gallant soldier, bearing privations and sufferings
gladly for his beloved country. He died in Charlottesville,
Virginia, January, 1917.
CHARLES PAGE BENSON.
BY C. B. L.
Charles Page Benson was born in Charlottesville, Virginia,
and served faithfully in the War between the States as a mem-
ber of the Albemarle Artillery. After the war he was a drug-
gist for many years. He died in Richmond, Virginia, March
6th, 1904. He had a host of friends. His generous spirit and
pleasant manner made him a very enjoyable companion, and
few men ever lived who did more to cheer the sick and comfort
the sorrowing. He was a valuable and active member of John
Bowie Strange Camp.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 91
ALBERT PENDLETON BIBB.
BY R. H. WOOD.
Albert Pendleton Bibb, born of patriotic blood, did not wait
to be called, but at the age of sixteen volunteered in the serv-
ice of the Confederate .States of America. By reason of poor
health he was not able to continue in the service very long, but
while he was in, he rendered valuable service as orderly ser-
geant, never sparing himself, but giving the best that was in him
to the work in which he was engaged. On his return home he
entered into the dry goods business with his father, John H.
Bibb, who, as a leading business man, was one of the most in-
fluential citizens of Charlottesville.
When his father retired from the business, A. P. Bibb con-
tinued it most successfully for a number of years, but his health
giving away entirely, he, too, was compelled to follow a life
that took him more out of doors.
Early in life he united with the Charlottesville Baptist Church
and continued one of its most active and efficient members un-
til his marriage to Miss Nannie Leitch, when he withdrew from
the Baptist Church and with her entered the Charlottesville
Presbyterian Church. In this church his usefulness soon be-
came apparent, and in a short time he was elected a ruling elder,
in which office he rendered valuable service to the Church and
the cause of Christianity. He was also elected to, and for a
number of years held, the office of Superintendent of the Sab-
bath School, which he filled most acceptably to the officers,
teachers and scholars of the school, as well as to the members
and officers of the church, all of whom deeply regretted when,
by reason of impaired health, he had to resign his office.
There was never a man in Charlottesville who had more
friends than A. P. Bibb. He made friends easily, and re-
tained them. His energy knew no bounds, and he never spared
himself where he could be of service to his friends, his church,
or his country. His nature was to love everybody, and every-
body loved him.
92 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
JONATHAN BISHOP.
Jonathan Bishop entered the Confederate army from Char-
lottesville, Virginia, as a gun corporal in Southall's Battery of
Artillery. He was a fine soldier, serving in the same company
until the close of the war. He engaged in mercantile business
in Charlottesville at the close of hostilities, and died at the Sol-
dier's Home in Richmond, Virginia.
REV. DANIEL BLAIN, D. D.
BY R. WALLER BLAIN.
Daniel Blain, eldest son of Rev. Samuel Wilson Blain, was
born in Cumberland County, Virginia, November 20th. 1838.
He was prepared for college by his father and Dr. R. L. Dabney,
and at the preparatory school of Jacob Fuller in Lexington, Vir-
ginia. In 1854 he entered Washington College (now Washing-
ton and Lee University), graduating with the degree of A. B.
in 1858. The next two years were spent as the assistant of the
Rev. Wm. H. Foote, D. D., in Potomac Academy, Romney,
Virginia, having united with the Lexington Presbyterian Church
under the ministry of Rev. Wm. S. White, D. D., in 1854. In
the fall of 1860 he entered Union Theological Seminary, Vir-
ginia, and continued there until March, 1861, when he went to
the neighborhood of Petersburg to teach.
In May, 1861, he entered the Confederate army as a private
in the Rockbridge Artillery, Stonewall Brigade. After being
wounded he was made Ordnance Sergeant, and served first on
the staff of General J. B. Magruder and subsequently as assist-
ant to Major Jno.'G. Barn well on. the staff of General W. N.
Pendleton, Chief of Artillery of the Army of Northern Vir-
ginia. He served from May, 1861, to April, 1865, and was pa-
roled at Appomattox.
In the winter of 1865 he returned to the Seminary, where
he completed his studies in 1866. Soon after this he entered
upon his first pastorate at Collierstown, Rockbridge County,
Virginia. On January 3rd, 1867, he was married to Mary
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 93
Louisa, daughter of Dr. Jno. C. Mercer, at Williamsburg, Vir-
ginia. In 1871 he accepted a call to the church at Chrstians-
burg, Virginia, which he served for seventeen years.
The remainder of his life was spent in educational work in
additon to his ministerial service. After two years of private
school work and preaching in Williamsburg, Virginia, and in
Amherst and surrounding counties, he moved, in 1890, to
Covesville, Albemarle County, where for sixteen years he
conducted the Cove Academy and served the Cove and River-
side churches, besides several mission points. Here on October
4th, 1906, after a few months illness, his faithful service on
earth came to an end and his Great Commander summoned
him to join the saints above.
He left six sons, three of whom are Presbyterian ministers,
while others are in the eldership of the church.
He was a brave, faithful, consecrated soldier of the Confed-
erate States and of the cross. In both relations he was a com-
rade honored, useful and beloved.
EZRA M. BROWN.
Ezra M. Brown was a son of Dr. Charles and Mary Brown,
and resided near the University of Virginia at a place known as
"Valley Point." He died at the ripe old age of seventy-seven
years in the room in which he was born. ^
He enlisted in the Confederate army as a member of Com-
pany K, Second Virginia Cavalry, known as the Albemarle
Light Horse, and was a gallant soldier, participating in many
battles. He was three times wounded.
JAMES R. BRYANT.
James R. Bryant enlisted April 9th, 1861, as a sergeant in
Company B, Eighth Virginia Cavalry, and served during the
war. He was originally from Nelson County, but after the war
lived in Charlottesville, Virginia. His occupation was that of a
miller.
94 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
R. E. BUFFUM.
R. E. Buffum came to Charlottesville, Virginia, after the war,
from the Mississippi Department, where he had made a fine rec-
ord as a soldier. He was an active and honored member of
John Bowie Strange Camp, and a pronounced Christian gen-
tleman.
BENJAMIN F. BURGESS.
Benjamin F. Burgess, son of John W. Burgess and Bettie
Gianniny, was born at Bell Air, Albemarle County, January
6th, 1832. He entered the service of the Confederacy as a
member of Company I, Forty-sixth Virginia Infantry, and
served gallantly in the war until he was severely wounded at
Petersburg. He married Miss Bettie C. Gillespie of Albemarle
County, November 12th, 1874. From this union there resulted
two children. Going to Nelson County, he engaged in farm-
ing on Joe's Creek until 1889, when he moved to Charlottesville,
where he spent the remainder of his life. He died at the home
of his son November 22nd, 1917.
ROBERT NICHOLAS BURGESS.
Robert Nicholas Burgess, son of John and Elizabeth Bur-
gess, was born September 20th, 1839, in Albemarle County, Vir-
ginia. He served in the Confederate States army from 1861 to
1865 in Company I, Forty-Sixth Virginia Regiment.
He married Miss Willie Gillespie in August, 1865. She died
June 6th, 1870. On January 23, 1871, he was marred to Miss
Lucy M. Gillespie, who still survives.
He began farming immediately upon his return from the
army, and continued as farmer and overseer in Albemarle
County until April 1881, when he moved to Charlottesville and
accepted a position as policeman, working at that position for
a few years, until he accepted a position as baggage agent with
the Virginia Midland Railroad, afterwards known as the Rich-
mond and Danville Railroad and later as the Southern Ralroad.
He occupied this position until, on account of physical disabili-
DRURY W. BURNLEY
SOUTHALL'S BAT. OF LIGHT ARTILLERY, C. S. A.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 95
ties, he took a lighter position as crossing watchman, which po-
sition he held until his death, which occurred in Charlottesville,
December 18th, 1911. He was buried in Oakwood Cemetery,
He is survived by his wife and the following children: J. H.
Burgess, of Roanoke; Mrs. J. L. Almond, of Locust Grove, Vir-
ginia; and J. W. and R. T. Burgess, of Charlottesville.
W. J. BURKE.
W. J. Burke enlisted as a private in Company G, Ninth Vir-
ginia Cavalry, and served four years in the Confederate army.
He was a farmer by occupation and lived near Charlottesville,
Virginia.
DRURY WOOD BURNLEY.
BY CARRIE C. BURNLEY.
Drury Wood Burnley was born at Stony Point, Albemarle
County, Virginia, September 4th, 1826. His father, Nathaniel
Burnley, was a native of Louisa County, but in early life moved
from thence to Albemarle where he married Sarah Sutton
Wood, a daughter of Drury Wood of Park Hill near Stony
Point, later making his home at Hydraulic on the Rivanna
River, where he engaged extensively and successfully in milling,
merchandising and farming.
On November 24th, 1847, Drury Wood Burnley was united in
marriage to Cornelia Winston Clarke. She was born in Au-
gusta County, June 2nd, 1822, and was a daughter of Dr.
Thomas King Clarke, who married Elizabeth Garth, a daughter
of Thomas Garth of Albemarle. Of Scotch ancestry, Dr.
Clarke was a native of Augusta County, practicing his profes-
sion there and also in Albemarle.
Drury Wood Burnley became a public official before he was
twenty-one years old, serving as deputy-sheriff, sheriff, com-
missioner of the revenue, assessor, internal revenue officer,
clerk and deputy-clerk alternately of Albemarle county court,
holding the latter office at the time of his death, January 28th,
1906.
On May 1st, 1861, he enlisted in the Virginia Light Artillery,
96 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
serving as First Sergeant of Battery A (Southall's Battery)
Magruder's Brigade, Johnston's Division, until August 25th,
1862, when he returned home to assume again his duties as a
public official. His battery, a part of the command of the Pol-
ish colonel, Sulakowski, was stationed several miles below York-
town during the autumn of 1861. A letter to his family writ-
ten at that time, gives a graphic account of the inadequateness
of the army of defense which, under the skilful disposition of
General Magruder, was holding at bay McClellan's vastly supe-
rior numbers.
ELWOOD BYERS.
Elwood Byers enlisted in Carrington's Battery of Artillery
from Maryland. Afterwards he was transferred to Company
K, Second Virginia Cavalry, Albemarle Light Horse. He was
a fine soldier and an educated and refined gentleman. He served
during the entire war, and died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
in the railroad service.
R. HENRY CARR.
R. Henry Carr was the oldest member of Company K, Sec-
ond Virginia Cavalry, Albemarle Light Horse. He enlisted in
the Confederate service in 1862, serving with gallantry until the
close of the war. His brother James G. Carr was killed at Fork
Kennan in May, 1864. He engaged in farming after the war
and was a valuable citizen to the community.
JOHN W. CHRISTMAS.
John W. Christmas was born in Fluvanna County, Virginia,
and in 1862, joined the Confederate army as a private in Wood-
fork's Battery of Artillery. He served to the close of the war.
After the war he moved to Charlottesville,' Virginia and en-
gaged in auctioneering.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 97
S. S. CLEMENTS.
S. S. Clements enlisted in the Confederate army from Ivy,
Virginia, in I. W. Williams' Company, Forty-sixth Virginia In-
fantry, Wise's Brigade, and served with that company for one
year. He was then transferred to Southall's Battery of Artil-
lery, participating in many battles with that command. He was
wounded at Bristoe Station and Second Cold Harbor, and at
Sailor's Creek. He was then taken prisoner and carried to
Point Lookout, thus closing his war record.
NATHANIEL GREEN CLIFTON.
Nathaniel Green Clifton enlisted in Company E, Thirty-first
Regiment Georgia Infantry, in November 1861, as first cor-
poral, and was afterwards musician. He served with this com-
mand until April 9th, 1865, and was paroled at Appomattox.
He was a loyal and faithful soldier, taking part in many bat-
tles of the Confederacy. He located in Charlottesvlile after the
war; was active in business, and highly esteemed as a worthy
and valuable citizen.
GEORGE MOFFETT COCHRAN.
BY MRS. JOHN M. PRESTON.
Son of John Cochran and his wife Margaret Lynn Lewis,
George Moffett Cochran was only eighteen years old when war
was declared. He was very anxious to join the army, but his
father thought him too young. After much pleading his father's
consent was granted, and he joined Carrington's Battery, under
command of Captain James McDowell Carrington, and served
in that company until late in the war, when he was transferred
to General Long's staff as courier. He had two horses shot
from under him in the raid on Washington, and was wounded
at Chancellorsville.
After the war he entered the mercantile business with Mr.
John C. Patterson, in Charlottesville, in which partnership he
continued until his death. He was a zealous Knight of Pythias
98 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
and a man warm-hearted and of generous impulses. He joined
the Presbyterian Church while in the army. He was born April
10th, 1843; Died March 8th, 1883.
JAMES COCHRAN
BY MRS. JOHN M. PRESTON.
The subject of this sketch was the second son of John Coch-
ran and his wife Margaret Lynn Lewis. He was born June 5th,
1830, and died November 2nd, 1897. He was educated in the
schools of Albemarle County, and graduated in Law from the
University of Virginia, but never practiced. He married Miss
Elizabeth Brooke, and lived quietly and happily at their home,
"Folly," Augusta County. On account of frail health he did
not go into the army at once, but put in a substitute. Later he
took an active part, being in the cavalry with Wickham's Bri-
gade, Colonel Sproul, Ninety-third Regiment, in November,
1864.
After the war he returned home and lived quietly, surrounded
by a large circle of loving friends. Beneath a brusque exterior
and eccentricity of manners he had a warm and sympathetic
heart. Without ostentation he did much to aid the needy.
S. I. COFFMAN.
S. I. Coffman entered the Confederate army as a sergeant
in Carrington's Battery of Artillery, and served during the war.
He was well known as an educator, filling positions in Tenn-
essee and Virginia colleges and conducting a very successful
school at Ivy, Virginia. As a man and citizen he was highly
esteemed. He died at Ivy, September 25th, 1919.
W. P. CONNELL.
"W. P. Connell enlisted in the Confederate army from Char-
lottesville as a member of the Albemarle Rifles, of Colonel R.
T. W. Duke's regiment, and served during the war. He was a
contractor, and resided in Charlottesville until his death.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 99
THOMAS M. COSBY.
Thomas M. Cosby enlisted in Company K, Second Virginia
Cavalry, known as the Albemarle Light Horse, at the beginning
of the war, and participated in some thirty battles. He was
wounded November 9th, 1864, in the Valley Campaign. He was
noted for his fine soldierly qualities. He was a son of William
Cosby, near Ivy, Virginia, and a man of sterling character.
A. D. COX.
FROM "THE CONFEDERATE VETERAN," JUNE, 1914.
In the death of A. D. Cox, on May 1st, 1913, Virginia lost a
loyal citizen and a gallant soldier of the Confederacy.
Azell Donop Cox was born October 18th, 1842, in Albemarle
County, Virginia. The family removed to Charlottesville in
1849 and were pioneers in the development of that city. At the
time of his death Mr. Cox was one of its largest taxpayers.
All of his dealings with his fellow men were characterized by
a high sense of honor and an-inflexible business integrity.
At the beginning of the War between the States, he, with his
brothers. Eugene M., Lucian X., and Leroy W7esley Cox, en-
tered the Confederate service. He was lieutenant in Company
I, 46th Virginia Regiment, and his army career was one of un-
usual interest. Among other engagements, he was in the Bat-
tle of the Crater, near Petersburg, Virginia. While prisoner of
war at Fort Delaware and Point Lookout, he suffered many
hardships. His exceeding modesty kept him from speaking of
his service to his country, but he showed his loyalty to the Con-
federacy by his generosity to needy soldiers.
Dr. William Cox, his father, being too old for active army
service, was a member of the home guard. His house was used
as a private hospital for sick and wounded Confederates, and
his wife and daughters, with the faithful family servants, min-
istered to the needs of many unfortunate Southern and some
Northern soldiers. At the close of the war Dr. Cox's daughter
Adelaide became the wife of Lieutenant Samuel Comer, of
100 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
South Carolina. The other daughter, Josephine, and son, L.
W. Cox, are the surviving members of Dr. Cox's family, and
are living at the old home in Charlottesville.
EUGENE 'MONTRAVILLE cox.
BY W. E. NORRIS.
Eugene Montraville Cox, born May 13th, 1833, was among
the members of the Border Guard at its organization. This was
an Albemarle company recruited by Captain R. G. Crank. The
company was mustered into service at Lewisburg, Virginia,
June 23rd, 1861, and became a part of the Wise Legion.
He and his brothers, A. D. and L. W. Cox, were present with
the company in the engagement at Scarey Creek, July 17th,
1861, where Theodorick Smith was killed and John T. Mallory
wounded. These were the first casualties that occurred among
Albemarle County men in battle in defense of the Confederate
cause.
The Wise Legion was captured at Roanoke Island and pa-
roled. After the exchange of prisoners had been effected, the
command was reorganized, and the Border Guard was then
known as Company D, Forty-sixth Infantry, Wise's Brigade.
E. M. Cox resigned his sergeantcy in Company D and was trans-
ferred to Company I of the same regiment. He was captured
at Hatcher's Run, March 29th, 1865, and held prisoner until
after the close of the war. He then located in Petersburg, Vir-
ginia, where he engaged in the practice of law until his death,
which occurred October 22nd, 1885.
LUCIAN NAPOLEON COX.
BY L. WESLEY Cox.
Lucian Napoleon Cox was born May 7th, 1838, and enlisted
in the Albemarle Rifles. Company B, Nineteenth Virginia Regi-
ment, in April 1861. He was wounded at the battle of Seven
Pines. On December 22nd, 1862, while on his way to Char-
lottesville, he was instantly killed in a railroad wreck near Han-
over Junction.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 101
THOMAS JEFFERSON CRADDOCK.
Thomas Jefferson Craddock resided near Milton, Virginia.
He entered the Confederate army as a member of General
Thomas L. Rosser's command of cavalry, and was a fine sol-
dier. He had a genius for carving, and his remarkable canes
were noted far and near.
W. H. CROCKFORD.
W. H. Crockford enlisted when a boy of seventeen or eigh-
teen in the Confederate army as a member of Company A,
Seventeenth Virginia Infantry, April 19th, 1861. He partici-
pated in thirty-seven battles and was twice wounded. He re-
sided in Charlottesville after the war and died there. He was
an active member of John Bowie Strange Camp and justly
proud of his war record.
GEORGE M. CULIN.
BY L. M. Cox.
George M. Culin left Charlottesville with the Monticello
Guard Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, in 1861, and
served with distinction until April 6th, 1865, when he was cap-
tured at Sailor's Creek. He was a brother of Captain J. C. Cu-
lin and of William Culin, who was killed in the Seven Days
battles around Richmond. He was a splendid soldier and good
citizen, and resided in Charlottesville after the war.
F. B. DAVIS.
F. B. Davis resided near Ivy Depot, and enlisted in South-
all's Battery of Artillery in July, 1861, but afterwards trans-
ferred to Company F, Thirty-fifth Virginia Cavalry. After the
war he lived in Charlottesville, following the trade of a car-
penter.
102 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
MARSHALL DINWIDDIE.
BY EDGAR E. DINWIDDIE.
Marshall Dinwiddie, seventh son of William Walthall Din-
widdie and Nancy (Bryan) Dinwiddie, was born in Campbell
County, Virginia, November 7th, 1845. When about twelve
years old, the family moved to Greenwood in Albemarle County,
where the remainder of his boyhood was spent. At the age of
seventeen he entered the Confederate army, McGregor's, for-
merly Pelham's. Battery of Stuart's Horse Artillery, serving to
the end of the war. McGregor, soon made Major, selected him
for his courier and quasi-secretary, in which position he ren-
dered faithful and satisfactory service.
After the war he married Lucy Austin Leake, a niece of Hon-
orable Shelton F. Leake. Their three children survive : Mrs.
R. Newton Spencer, Washington, D. C. ; Marshall Leake Din-
widdie, Alexandria, Virginia; and Mrs. Mary B. Spencer, Ar-
rington, Virginia.
He was with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad for twenty
years as agent and telegraph operator, going from this road to
the Southern in its car record office at Atlanta, after the death
of his wife; but not liking his work, was shortly after placed
by the Southern as an agent in Virginia, and served as such un-
til he married some years later Mrs. Sammie O. Durrette of
Albemarle. She died some years before him.
He was prominent in Masonic circles, being for years secre-
tary of Widow's Son's Lodge No. 60, Keystone Royal Arch
Chapter No. 58, and Commandery No. 3, Knights Templar of
Charlottesville, and member of Acca Temple, Richmond.
He was strong in his religious convictions and died in the full
hope of a glorious immortality. His death occurred May 15th,
1916, in the 71st year of his age, at the home of his daughter at
Arrington, and his body lies in the cemetery adjoining the
Methodist Church there.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 103
WALTHALL DINWIDDIE.
BY A FRIEND (J. S. P.)
Walthall Dinwiddie, better known as Walter Dinwiddie, the
eighth son of William Walthall Dinwiddie and Nancy (Bryan)
Dinwiddie, was born in Campbell County, Virginia, December
3rd, 1847. When he was about ten years of age the family
moved to Greenwood, Virginia, where the rest of his boyhood
was spent. At sixteen he entered the Confederate army, and
served with courage and devotion as a member of McGregor's
Battery, Stuart's Horse Artillery, until the close of the war.
After the war he married Miss Eliza Stanley Shepherd of
Albemarle County. She survives him. The surviving children
are: William Walter of Orange, New Jersey; Harman A.,
Mary Louise, Harry E., and L. Estelle of Charlottesville ; Mrs.
William J. Buchanan, Charlottesville; Mrs. Daniel Colcock, Jr.,
New Orleans; Dr. J. Gray Dinwiddie, Wilmington, Delaware;
and Robert S. Dinwiddie, Detroit, Michigan.
Mr. Dinwiddie was for many years ticket agent in Charlottes-
ville for the Southern Railway Company. From this position he
went to the Charlottesville Perpetual Building and Loan Com-
pany as secretary and treasurer, and continued as the chief ex-
ecutive officer of that corporation until his death, which oc-
curred October 24, 1909.
He was a member of the City School Board of Charlottes-
ville for many years. It was during his service in that body
that the High School building was erected and furnished and
other constructive things done under his inspection as chair-
man of the Board's building committee. In this position, and
in others of trust and service, in the church, in fraternal and
personal relations, and particularly at the head of his family,
he met every obligation with devotion and integrity, fearing
nothing but God, after the manner of the Dinwiddies. He was
prominent as a Mason and widely known through this and other
fraternal affiliations, holding membership in Widow's Sons
Lodge No. 60, A. F. and A. M., Keystone Royal Arch Chap-
ter, Charlottesville Commandery No. 3 (Knights Templar), and
Acca Temple, Richmond.
104 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
J. W. DOLAN.
J. W. Dolan, a member of Company B, Nineteenth Virginia
Infantry, entered the Confederate army at the beginning of hos-
tilities, and was actively engaged in service until the close of the
war. After the surrender of Lee he engaged in the insurance
business, and was active in all social and church work. He died
at the Soldiers' Home in Richmond in 1918.
J. A. DRUIN.
J. A. Druin enlisted in the Confederate army as a member of
the Fifth Virginia Cavalry, commanded by Colonel Reuben Bos-
ton of Albemarle County. He was a fine soldier and a worthy
citizen of Charlottesville, Virginia, where he was engaged in
business.
R. W. DUKE.
BY W. R. DUKE.
R. W. Duke was born in Taylorsville, Kentucky, September
21st, 1845. He was the only son of William Johnson Duke and
Emily Anderson Duke, his wife.
Just 'before the war, his father, with his family, moved to
Virginia.
In 1863, soon after the Gettysburg campaign, he joined Car-
rington's Battery and served with it until the fight of the
Bloody Angle, at Spottsylvania Courthouse, in which fight all
of the company were killed, wounded, or captured, except eigh-
teen, who escaped. As the enemy came over the works, their
captain gave the order for the men to take care of themselves.
After this battle he, with the other remaining members of the
company, were attached to Garber's Battery, and served with
it during the rest of the war.
After the war he studied in the schools in or near Charlottes-
ville and in a few years moved to Kentucky, where he taught
school until his father's death in 1875, when he returned to
Virginia. He was offered a position as teacher in the Char-
105
lottesville school, and taught for some years, giving up the po-
sition when he was appointed Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court,
Colonel Bennett Taylor being the Clerk. On May 29th, 1886,
he was appointed Clerk, and in May, 1887, he was unanimously
elected Clerk, leading the whole ticket by 38 votes. This of-
fice he held until his death, which occurred on the 12th day of
February, 1909. He was buried in Riverview Cemetery.
MARSHALL MILTON DU PRE'
Marshall Milton DuPre was the son of Louis Du Pre, his fa-
ther being one of three brothers who settled in Charleston,
South Carolina, after having been banished from France by
Louis the Fourteenth. He volunteered from Georgia in the
Eighth, a regiment from that state, and served the Confederacy
for four years in the Army of Northern Virginia, to the close
of the war. After the surrender he settled in Prince Edward
County, Virginia. Afterwards he removed to Charlottesville
where he spent the remainder of his life. He engaged in jour-
nalism, and was associated with the Charlottesville Progress.
He was active in musical and social circles, and church work,
and highly esteemed by all.
FRANK S. DURRETTE.
BY W. R. DUKE.
Frank S. Durrette, the son of Thomas Durrette and Mary
Early his wife, was born on the North Side of Albemarle
County, July 14th, 1843.
In 1863, he joined Company D, Forty-sixth Regiment Vir-
ginia Infantry. He rose to be a lieutenant in his company and
served until the surrender at Appomattox. He was a brave and
faithful soldier.
After the war he married Maria Samuel Moon and lived at
Farmington on the north side of the North Fork of the Ri-
vanna River. This home was one of the pleasantest places to
visit. Frank, as he was lovingly called by his many friends, was
106 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
a good performer on the violin and many were the joyous oc-
casions at which he gave much pleasure to his young friends.
He died April 27th, 1898, and was buried at Farmington on
the land that had belonged to his forbears for many generations.
"Peace to his Ashes."
JOHN D. DURRETT.
John D. Durrett resided near Owensville, Virginia, and en-
tered the Confederate army at the beginning of the war as a
member of Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry. He was
a fine soldier. At the battle of Williamsburg he saved the life
of his comrade, Walker Wingfield, by killing a Federal soldier
who was in the act of killing him. His occupation was that of
a farmer.
WILLIAM DURRETT.
BY AUBURN MANN.
William Durrett was born in Albemarle County, Virginia, at
the old Durrett homestead, North Garden, February 1st, 1843.
He was the son of Captain Marcus and Anne Moore Durrett,
and the grandson of Marshall Durrett, who was the nephew of
Chief Justice Marshall of the United States Supreme Court.
He was educated at Gibson's Academy, conducted by "Parson"
Gibson. Practically all of his life was spent at North Garden,
where he was engaged in farming.
"Bill," as he was affectionately called by his associates, vol-
unteered for service at the outbreak of the war. He was then
about eighteen years of age, and with his three brothers, Mar-
cus, Henry and James, entered the service of his country. He
was with the Tenth Virginia Cavalry, Company F, and his many
acts of daring and bravery were done with a fearlessness which
never faltered. Price Maury, son of the late Jesse Maury, who
at the time of the war was quite a young boy, was taken pris-
soner by a number of Yankees, and was rescued single-handed
by Mr. Durrett. His three brothers came out of the service
without having been wounded, but not so with him. He was
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 107
seven times wounded, most severely at Gettysburg, where he
was shot through the breast. But for the prompt attention
given him by his cousin, Dr. Martin, he would doubtless have
succumbed to his wounds.
He was married to Miss Delicia Kate Betts, daughter of
Captain and Mrs. Watts Betts, formerly of Deal, Kent County,
England. In November, 1907, Mr. Durrett departed this life,
leaving surviving him six children. He was buried at the old
homestead.
S. W. EDWARDS.
S. W. Edwards enlisted in the Confederate army May 10th,
1861, and served until the close as a member of Company E,
Nineteenth Virginia Infantry. He resided near. Burnleys, Al-
bemarle County, Virginia. His occupation was that of a
farmer.
F. M. ESTES.
F. M. Estes enlisted in the Confederate army in 1862 and
served until the close in Company D, Thirty-fourth Virginia
Infantry. He was wounded July 30th, 1864. He was born in
Greene County, Virginia, but moved to Charlottesville where
he practiced law.
MILTON FERNEYHOUGH.
BY W. R. DUKE.
Milton Ferneyhough was born in Orange County, September
22nd, 1830.
Before the war he managed for several gentlemen, one of
whom was Captain Thomas L. Farish at "The Farm," then
one of the finest farms in the country.
In the spring of 1862 he enlisted in Carrington's Battery, and
served until its capture at the Bloody Angle, where he escaped.
108 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
He was then assigned to Garber's Battery and served with it
until the surrender.
After the war he contracted for several years and then en-
gaged in farming.
He was a worthy citizen. He died in August, 1904, and was
buried at Free Union, Albemarle County.
ROBERT HERNDON FIFE.
BY R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
Robert Herndon Fife was born at "Rockhill," Park Street,
Charlottesville, August 27th, 1843. His father, Rev. James
Fife, came from Edinburg, Scotland, in 1811, and lived in
Gloucester, later in Goochland, where a village is named after
him. With his wife, Margaret Herndon of Spottsylvania, he
moved to Charlottesville in 1839, where he purchased "Oak-
lawn," the present family residence, in 1847.
Herndon Fife attended Strange's Military Academy, Bloom-
field Academy, and Alleghany College in Greenbrier. He en-
tered the University of Virginia in 1861, but withdrew in 1862
to enlist in the Charlottesville Artillery, with which he served
in the Seven Days Fight around Richmond, and in all the ma-
jor actions of the army of Northern Virginia until May 12th,
1864, when his battery was destroyed in the "Bloody Angle" at
Spottsylvania Court House, he himself escaping by a hair's
breadth. He then joined the Staunton Artillery, sharing in the
famous Valley Campaign of 1864. He was captured in Lee's
gallant stand at Petersburg, but escaping the same night, he
rejoined his command on the retreat to Appomattox and was
paroled as Battery Sergeant at the Surrender.
After the war he engaged in farming at "Oaklawn;" in 1882
he was Bursar at the University; in 1883-85 he was postmaster
there. In 1898 he entered the service of the Charlottesville &
Albemarle Railway Company, remaining with it until his death.
As superintendent of car service he won the travelling public
and established warm personal relations with the employees.
He possessed enduring youth in vigorous health and constant
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD . 109
cheerfulness, which, with loyalty of character, brought into his
circle of friends, not only men of ante-bellum days, but many
of the younger generation.
His death occurred after a brief illness,, August 16th, 1919.
He was borne to his grave under the cedars of "Oaklawn" by
his friends among the railway employees, followed by the sur-
vivors of John Bowie Strange Camp. He held the war medals
awarded by the University of Virginia and the Daughters of
th£ Confederacy.
He was for sixty-one years a member, and for many years a
deacon in the Baptist Church, and for thirty-three years Super-
intendent of the Sunday School.
He married, in 1867, Sarah Ann Strickler of Madison County,
who survives him, with seven children : Daisy F. Rinehart, Dr.
Robert Herndon Fife, Jr., Colonel James Douglas Fife, Mar-
garet Tucker, William Ormond Fife, Ella Katherine Fife and
Shelton Strickler Fife.
P. W. FITCH.
P. W. Fitch came to Charlottesville from Fluvanna County
in 1888, and engaged in business. He was a son of P. W. and
Margaret Fitch. He enlisted in the army in 1861, and was se-
verely wounded in the battle of Mine Run. He was a member
of Company E, Fifth Virginia Infantry, and served three years,
when he was disabled. He was active in all matters pertaining
to the civil and religious matters of the city.
FRANCIS CONWAY FITZHUGH.
BY MRS. JAMES STUART FITZHUGH.
Died on May 12th, 1910, at his home in Charlottesville, Vir-
ginia, Francis Conway Fitzhugh, at the age of 72 years. He
was born at Barboursville, Orange County, Virginia. His fa-
ther having died, leaving a large family, it became necessary
for Francis Conway to go to work early in life. This deprived
him of the opportunity to attend college, but being fond of
110 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
reading and study, he acquired a good education by his own ef-
fort.
At the commencement of the War between the States he was
employed at Jones' Bookstore at the University of Virginia. He
promptly enlisted in Company F, Thirteenth Virginia Regiment
of Infantry. His health was so bad at this time the surgeon re-
jected him.
His diary, which is well preserved, says :
"March 15th, 1862, mustered into the Confederate service in
the Virginia Battery, Captain J. M. Carrington — one hundred
and fifty men and six guns.
"May 17th, 1862, left the University to join General Jackson
in the Valley of Virginia."
His battery was engaged with Jackson in the Valley at Front
Royal, Winchester, Harper's Ferry, Port Republic, etc. He
was also at Malvern Hill and Cold Harbor. His diary tells of
the battle of Chancellorsville, where Jackson was wounded.
Here Carrington's battery was placed in an open field in front
of the Chancellor House, around which General Hooker had
massed a large force of artillery. At one time the firing was so
severe that the few men left to serve the guns had to seek
shelter. A member of his battery says that as soon as the
enemy's fire would slacken, Fitzhugh would run to his gun, load
and fire until the fire of the enemy would again become too hot.
This he repeated until he was wounded and carried from the
field. This wound prevented his accompanying his battery into
Pennsylvania, but he rejoined it again in the Valley.
At the Bloody Angle at Spottsylvania Carrington's Battery
was captured. In the darkness and confusion Fitzhugh and a
few of his company succeeded in getting away, and when Gen-
eral Gordon advanced to recapture the works, Fitzhugh picked
up a musket and joined the infantry in the counter attack. The
guns of the battery were retaken, and he then put down the
musket, ran to his guns and assisted in firing them until the am-
munition was exhausted. On the retreat he stayed with his
guns until the last, and was placed in position to support Gen-
eral Gordon in the last charge of Lee's Army at Appomattox.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 111
There he saw his guns turned over to the enemy, and it is said
he wept like a child. He fought a good fight, both as a soldier
of his beloved Southland and as a soldier of the Cross.
JOHN O. FRETWELL.
John O. Fretwell resided near Charlottesville and was en-
gaged in farming when the war began. He enlisted in Carring-
ton's Battery as a private and served to the end of the war.
W. J. FRETWELL.
W. J. Fretwell was from Albemarle County, and entered the
Confederate army as a member of Carrington's Battery of Ar-
tillery. After the war he was engaged in the mercantile busi-
ness in Charlottesville, Virginia.
JESSE LEWIS FRY.
BY Miss FRANK FRY.
Jesse Lewis Fry was a direct descendant (being the fifth in
line) of Colonel Joshua Fry of Viewmont, Albemarle County,
Virginia, who was appointed Colonel of the First Continental
Regiment, with Washington as his Lieutenant, and won distinc-
tion in the French and Indian War.
He (Jesse L. Fry) was the son of J. Frank Fry and Mary I.
Barksdale, and was born June 20th, 1829. He died December
19th, 1901.
Jesse L. Fry served through the war as a private in the Albe-
marle Light Horse Cavalry, Thirteenth Regiment Virginia Vol-
unteers, C. S. A., with Captain Eugene Davis in command. He
was a devoted and loyal Southerner, ready at all times to do his
duty and make any sacrifice for the Confederacy that might be
necessary.
At the close of the war he assisted his father, J. Frank Fry,
then Commissioner of Revenue, in his office until the latter's
death, at which time he was elected to succeed his father, hold-
112 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
ing the office until his death in 1901. He was widely known
and highly respected throughout the State, no county officer ever
being more beloved or more highly honored than he.
He married Miss Frances Dunkum and is survived by five
children : Jesse L. Fry, Harry L. Fry, Miss Frank Fry, Mrs.
D. W. Fowler of Charlottesville, and Mrs. W. M. Moore of
Kentucky.
P. W. GARLAND.
P. W. Garland was the son of of Goodrich and Mary E. Gar-
land, and lived near Ivy Depot, Virginia. He was engaged in
farming, and entered the army the last year of the war. He
was a member of the 10th Virginia Cavalry!
JOHN O. GARRISON.
John O. Garrison enlisted May the 10th, 1861, in Company
K. Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, and was discharged in Decem-
ber 1861, but reenlisted in Carrington's Battery of Artillery,
serving with that company until the close of the war. He re-
sided near Charlottesville, and engaged in farming.
HORACE N. GIANNINY.
t
Horace N. Gianniny entered the army as a member of Captian
John B. Magruder's Company, Fifty Seventh Virginia Infan-
try, Armistead's Brigade, and served throughout the war — a
faithful adherent of the Confederate cause. He resided near
Pantop's Acadamy, and was a worthy citizen of his community.
GEORGE W. GILMER.
BY GEORGE GILMER.
George W. Gilmer was born in Albemarle County, Virginia,
July 10th 1845. He was a son of George Christopher Gilmer
and nephew of Governor Thomas Walker Gilmer of Virginia.
He enlisted in Company C of Second Virginia Cavalry of the
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 113
Confederate Army at Snicker's Gap, June 16th, 1863. His
first engagement was a skirmish at Rockville, Maryland, where
the Confederates captured one hundred fine new wagons and
teams which were being sent to General Meade's army. A lit-
tle later in the march to Gettysburg his horse was shot from
under him at Westminister, Maryland.
At Gettysburg on the evening of the third day, he was se-
verely wounded in the shoulder. He did not leave the field at
once. About twenty minutes later another bullet struck him in
the head and put out one of his eyes. This bullet was removed
in February, 1897.
When the Confederates retired, he was taken prisoner and
carried to David's Island, New York. Here he received every
attention from Southern ladies living in New York and from
the hospital surgeons. After being in prison three months he
was exchanged and sent home with the sight of one eye gone
and his right shoulder disabled. Dr. Simmons, of the Northern
Army, accompanied him to Norfolk, Virginia, when he was ex-
changed, and personally put him on the train for Richmond.
At the time George W. Gilmer was exchanged, it was consid-
ered that he was permanently disabled, but he volunteered again
in April, 1864, as a courier for General Wickham. He was
in the battles of Spottsylvania Courthouse, Yellow Tavern,
and many others. On account of the bullet lodged against his
brain, the heat affected his head so that he again had to leave
the army. Early in 1865 he again volunteered ; this time under
Colonel J. S. Mosby, and was with him when the war ended.
After the war George W. Gilmer was a prominent and suc-
cessful farmer in his native county, displaying the same indomi-
table will, energy and courage which marked his career as a
soldier. In 1868 he married Miss Frances Brown. In 1871
he bought a large farm on the James River near Warren, where
he spent the remainder of his life. On August 13, 1918, he died
after a life of usefulness to his fellow countrymen as a soldier,
farmer, road commissioner, member of school board and elder
in the church. He is survived by his wife Frances H. Gilmer,
and six children : Lena Gilmer, Margret Cabell Gilmer, Ed-
monia Preston Gilmer, Ludwell Harrison Gilmer, George Wal-
ker Gilmer and John Harmer Gilmer.
114 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
WILLIS H. GOOCH.
Willis H. Gooch resided near Keswick, Virginia, and entered
the Confederate army as a private in Company K, Second Vir-
ginia Cavalry, known as the Albemarle Light Horse. He was
distinguished for gallantry and soldierly qualities. He was
wounded three times in the 1864 compaigns. After the war he
resided at his home in Albemarle, an honored and esteemed cit-
izen.
JOSEPH GRIFFIN.
Joseph Griffin resided in Maryland at the beginning of the
Confederate war, and entered the service as a member of the
Maryland Line. He was afterwards transferred to Colonel
Mosby's command, where he did fine service for two years, un-
til the close of hostilities.
C. H. GW ATKINS.
C. H. Gwatkins resided in Charlottesville, Virginia. He en-
listed as a private in Company G, Eleventh Virginia Infantry,
and served four years in the Confederate army. After the war
he held the office of tax collector. He was highly esteemed as
a man and citizen.
R. W. HALL.
R. W. Hall enlisted in June, 1862, as a private in Company
D, Fifth Virginia Cavalry, and served three years in the Con-
federate army. He resided in Charlottesville, where he was
engaged in the livery business. He was highly esteemed as a
man and a worthy citizen.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 115
LOUIS TRAPMAN HANCKEL.
BY Louis T. HANCKEL, JR.
Louis Trapman Hanckel was born in Charleston, South Car-
olina, on June 3rd, 1847. He was the second son of James
Stuart Hanckel, D. D., and Fannie Trapman Hanckel, his wife.
During the war his father and mother moved to Spartan-
burg, South Carolina. In June 1863, he enlisted in Company
B, Ballinger's Battalion, Blanchard's Division, on the South
Carolina coast; was wounded at Comlahee Ferry, in January
1865, and was captured and held a prisoner until after the war.
His oldest brother, James Stuart Hanckel, was also in the serv-
ice and was killed at Sharpsburg, Maryland, a member of the
Second South Carolina Infantry.
In 1869, his father, the Rev. James Stuart Hanckel, D. D.,
came to the Rectorship of Christ Episcopal Church of Char-
lottesville, Virginia, and Louis Trapman Hanckel entered the
University of Virginia the same year. There he studied law
under Professors Minor and Southall. In 1870 he was admitted
to the Bar of Albemarle County and Charlottesville, and began
the practice of law with Colonel R. T. W. Duke and James D.
Jones, under the firm name of Duke, Jones & Hanckel. contin-
uing therein until 1875. In 1882 he and Judge George Watts
Morris became associated as Hanckel & Morris, a copartnership
which continued until Judge Morris went upon the bench as
Judge of the Corporation Court of Charlottesville. After that
he associated with him his son, Louis T. Hanckel, Jr., in the
practice of law, which partnership continued until his death,
which occurred on July 21st, 1914. In addition to the practice
of law, he, in partnership with his eldest son, James Stuart
Hanckel, conducted a fire insurance business, perhaps the larg-
est in this section. He was buried in Maplewood Cemetery.
GEORGE W. HARLOW.
George^, W. Harlow resided near Keswick, Virginia, where
he engaged in farming. He enlisted July 1st, 1861, in South-
all's Battery of Artillery, and served during the war.
116 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
ALBERT L. HOLLADAY.
BY WM. W. MINOR.
Albert L. Holladay was the third son of Reverend Albert L.
Holladay and Anne Minor, his wife. He was born February
17th, 1844, in Persia, where his father was a missionary of the
Southern Presbyterian Church for ten years. He was edu-
cated in private schools in Albemarle County, and at the Uni-
versity of Virginia, and was an excellent student and good
scholar. At the age of eighteen he volunteered as a private in
the Albemarle Artillery, commanded by Captain James McDow-
ell Carrington, and served gallantly and faithfully- in this com-
pany, participating in most of the great battles of the Army of
Northern Virginia, until he was taken prisoner, along with most
of his company, at the ''Bloody Angle" in the battle of Spottsyl-
vania Courthouse, May 12th, 1864. He was taken to Fort
Dickerson and held a prisoner there until the summer of 1865,
when he was released and returned to his home near Charlottes-
ville. He entered the University of Virginia in October, 1865,
as an academic student.
Having very small means, he was unable to pursue his Uni-
versity course consecutively, and taught school at Oxford, Miss-
issippi and other places in order to pay his way through college
and help his widowed mother and younger brother and sister.
At a very early age he joined the Presbyterian Church of Char-
lottesville, and was soon chosen an elder and proved a most ac-
tive and useful officer.
About 1872 he removed to the home of his uncle, Dabney
Minor, near Eastham, Virginia, and aided him most effectively
in the management of the farm. In 1875 he was happily mar-
ried to Miss Nanny W. Eastham, a most faithful and helpful
wife. He continued to live on this farm with her and their
only son, William D. Holladay, till his death, February 1st.
1918, making a specialty of grape culture, in which he achieved
great success.
Mr. Holladay was a man of great intelligence, sterling char-
acter, and untiring industry, a most devoted, consistent Chris-
tian, and useful elder, first in Charlottesville and afterwards in
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 117
Bethel Church. In the latter he served most acceptably for
nearly thirty years till his death. A gallant Confederate sol-
dier, a loving husband and father, a most faithful friend and
kind neighbor, and singularly unselfish, his influence for good
included his entire community, in which he was universally be-
loved and respected. His .loss is still most deeply felt.
JAMES M. HOLLADAY.
James M. Holladay, second son of Rev. and Mrs. Albert L.
Holladay, was born in Persia, where his parents were mission-
aries of the Southern Presbyterian Church, in 1842. He en-
tered the Confederate army as a private in the spring of 1861,
and died of disease in camp the following summer or fall. He
was a faithful soldier and humble Christian.
JOHN STEPHENS HOPKINS.
The subject of this sketch, the son of Rev. John Stephen, and
Sarah Wingfield Hopkins, was born in Albemarle County, Vir-
ginia, November 5th, 1843.
After his mother's death, when he was only nine years old, he
went to live with his uncle, the late Richard W. Wingfield.
Reared in a Christian home, he had a solid foundation laid
upon which he stood all his life.
At the outbreak of hostilities between the states he enlisted in
the "Albemarle Light Horse," Company K, Second Virginia
Regiment, and was with his company in practically every en-
gagement up to .the battle of Gettysburg, where he was captured
and" sent a prisoner to Point Lookout, Maryland. He was a
prisoner there eighteen months.
After being exchanged he went home in a very run-down
condition, but returned to his colors, after gaining a little
strength, and remained until the close of the war. Men and
horses were shot down all around him but he escaped without a
scratch.
On April 15th, 1869, he married Miss Sarah Francis Parrott,
118 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
daughter of William T., and Francis Thompson Parrott, of
Free Union, Virginia.
His children are: Chas. B., John Wm., Edward P. and Mrs.
S. F. Nuttycombe. Two brothers, Joseph Jackson and Wil-
liam, preceded him to the grave. Two living sisters, Mrs. J. D.
Bowles of Crozet, and Mrs. Lew Bryant of Fabers, Virginia,
also survive him.
One of his chief thoughts was the care of the old Confederate
veterans and their widows.
He was very active in getting the special levy in Albemarle
for the benefit of the Confederate soldiers and widows. In
1897 he was elected Superintendent of the Albemarle County
Home, a position he filled until his death, looking after the fee-
ble inmates with the tenderest care. Every old Confederate in-
mate was his brother and comrade.
He died January 14th, 1916, leaving to his loved ones that
best of all legacies, the heritage of a noble character.
He was laid to rest in Riverview Cemetery with the last rites
of the Masonic order, of which he was a member. A Confed-
erate cross honors his grave.
EDWARD THOMAS JESSUP.
BY MARGARET B. JESSUP.
Pell Jessup, a young man interested in agriculture, came to
the Valley of Virginia from Long Island and settled in Rock-
bridge County near Lexington.
There were six children. Edward, the eldest, was born May
24th, 1844. Early education was by hired teachers in the home
community, and later in Lexington under the Rev. F. M. Ed-
wards, from whose school he withdrew at seventeen years of
age, to enlist as one of the thirty who left on July 19th, 1861,
by wagon for Staunton. the nearest railroad station, from
whence they expected to go to Harper's Ferry for training.
But the demand for men was so great that these boys were hur-
rie to Manassas to join the Rockbridge Rifles who had left Lex-
ington under Major T. J. Jackson on April 18th, 1861. They
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 119
were designated as Company H, Twenty-seventh Virginia In-
fantry, First Virginia Brigade. Arriving on the eve of battle,
they were in time to witness some of the horrors of war while
awaiting equipment. Torn and mangled bodies were scattered
over the bloody field, and piles of newly-amputated arms and
legs were thrown from the windows of the hospitals. They
heard the boom of cannon, the din of battle, and saw on the
face of stalwart men care, anxiety, hope and fear "for their
beloved South. But not one of these boys felt a desire to back
out and return home. There was only an anxiety to become
equipped, to make one more to help oppose the enemy.
As a member of the above mentioned company, Edward
Thomas Jessup participated in the battles of Kernstown, first
Winchester, second Winchester, Port Republic, Malvern Hill
and Cold Harbor. At Cedar Mountain he was knocked out by
a piece of shell, but was at Second Manassas, then at Freder-
icksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and others.
Made lame by a piece of bursting shell, he was captured and
taken prisoner, and at the close of the war he was still confined
at Fort Delaware.
In 1874, he married Louisa Anna Mallory of Orange County,
and lived in Staunton until 1897, when he removed with his
family to Charlottesville, where he became associated with the
John Bowie Strange Camp of United Confederate Veterans.
Edward Thomas Jessup died on the 7th day of August,
1917, beloved by his wife and children and highly respected in
the community in which he lived.
GEORGE THOMAS JOHNSON.
George Thomas Johnson was a member of the .Monticello
Guard and was with that company when ordered out in 1861.
He served all through the war until he was taken prisoner at
the battle of Gettysburg. He was carried first to Fort Dela-
ware and then to Point Lookout. He was in prison twenty-
one months, bare-footed on an earth floor.
120 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
MARCELLUS JOHNSON.
Marcellus Johnson, at the age of twenty years, entered the
Confederate army as a private in Company B, Nineteenth Vir-
ginia Infantry, serving nearly three years. He resided in Char-
lottesville where he was a tinner.
THOMAS SCOTT JONES.
BY W. W. SCOTT, STATE LIBRARIAN.
Thomas Scott Jones was born at "Beaumont," Orange
County, May 9th, 1847, and died at his home near the Univer-
sity of Virginia, November 17th, 1918.
He married Miss Lillie Coleman May 4th, 1869, who survives
him, as do, also, four sons and five daughters, as follows : Dr.
William Russell Jones, of Richmond, James Lawrence Jones,
Thomas Edward Jones, John Bochet Jones, Mary Scott, Mrs.
Spotswood H. Parker, Mrs. Wm. H. Campbell, Lily Carey, and
Irene Ingraham.
He was a son of Dr. James L. Jones, a beloved physician and
zealous advocate of the temperance movements of his time ;
a nephew of John Marshall Jones, officer of the regular army
who resigned at the beginning of the war, and who attained the
rank of Brigadier General in the Confederacy, and was killed
in the battle of Mine Run, Virginia.
Tom Jones was beloved of many friends. He was of a singu-
larly kind and amiable disposition, and of very gentle and at-
tractive manners.
He joined the Richmond Howitzers while still quite young,
and served with praiseworthy courage and fidelity to Appo-
mattox.
He was a brave soldier, a virtuous citizen, and a consistent
and earnest Christian. The end of such a life is peace.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 121
W. T. JONES.
W. T. Jones entered the Confederate army as a member of
Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry. He was in active
service until the battle of Williamsburg, where he was severely
wounded and taken prisoner. After six months imprisonment
he was discharged from active service. His brother, James R.
Jones, was killed in the battle of Seven Pines. W. T. Jones
was elected paymaster of John Bowie Strange Camp and was
an active member until his death. He was the first City Treas-
urer of Charlottesville, a valuable citizen and prominent in
church work.
WILBER J. KEBLINGER.
Wilber J. Keblinger was the son of Postmaster Keblinger of
Charlottesville, and enlisted in Company B, Nineteenth Virginia
Infantry, in 1863. He was wounded at Gettysburg and was a
brave and fearless soldier, continuing in the service until the
close of the war.
WARNER R. KENT.
Warner R. Kent enlisted April 21, 1861, in the Fourth Bat-
talion of Georgia Infantry as Major. He was born in Flu-
vanna County, Virginia, but moved to Charlottesville after the
war and engaged in merchandising.
J. W. KING.
J. W. King served during the war as a bugler in Massie's
Battery of Artillery from Fluvanna County. He was a fine sol-
dier and delighted to recall incidents of the battles in which he
participated during the war.
122 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
WILLIAM LANKFORD.
William Lank ford enlisted in the Confederate Army in May,
1861, as a private in Company F, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry,
serving four years. He resided near Carter's Bridge, in Albe-
marle County, where he followed the occupation of farming.
W. H. LEATHERS.
W. H. Leathers enlisted in Company C, Nineteenth Virginia
Infantry, at the beginning of the war. He participated in the
First Manassas, and in that and many other engagements he
developed the true qualities of a soldier. He was a son of Jon-
athan and Kitty Ann Leathers. He had two brothers — James
A. of the Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, and John P. Leathers,
of the Rockbridge Artillery, both of whom were noted for con-
spicuous gallantry.
J. T. MADISON.
J. T. Madison enlisted in Company F, Thirty-fifth Battalion
of Cavalry, in April, 1861. He served four years in the Con-
federate army. He resided in Charlottesville after the war
until his death.
HENRY CLAY MARCHANT.
BY HENRY CLAY MICHIE.
Henry Clay Marchant was born in Albemarle County, Vir-
ginia, on the 1st day of April, 1838. At the age of seventeen
he went to Petersburg, Virginia, and engaged in the merchan-
tile business, which he continued until the war broke out in
1861. He enlisted in April, 1861, in Company A, 12th Regi-
ment Virginia Volunteer Infantry, and served nobly until des-
perately wounded and disabled for active service in the field,
in the latter part of June, 1862, in the Seven Days Battle around
Richmond. Returning to »his native county after the close of
the war, he became an active participant in its industrial, educa-
SKETCHES Of THE DEAD 123
tional, charitable and religious life. For over forty years he
was a vestryman of Christ Church, Charlottesville, and its sen-
ior warden at the time of his death, October 10th, 1910, which
ocurred in Cincinnati, Ohio, while attending the General Con-
vention of the Episcopal Church as a Delegate from Christ
Church, Charlottesville. It was the privilege of the writer to
know comrade Marchant, to serve long with him as a vestry-
man, and as a member of the County Pension Board, and he can
testify to his unflinching devotion in the discharge of all du-
ties confided to him.
JOHN G. MARTIN.
John G. Martin enlisted in Company K, Nineteenth Vir-
ginia Infantry, April, 1861, and served with marked distinction
for two years. He was wounded at Boonsboro, South Moun-
tain, Maryland, captured, and was a prisoner at Frederick,
Maryland, for thirteen months. He served the county of Al-
bemarle as deputy sheriff and jailor faithfully, and was a use-
ful and highly esteemed citizen.
J. W. MARTIN.
J. \V. Martin enlisted in May, 1861, at the age of thirty-six
years, as a corporal in Company K, Nineteenth Virginia In-
fantry, and served throughout the war. He lived near Green-
wood, Virginia, and engaged in merchandising.
THOMAS STAPLES MARTIN.*
BY JUDGE R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
Thomas Staples Martin was born in Scottsville, Albemarle
County, July 29th, 1847, and has resided during his life in that
county. He attended private schools until March 1st, 1864,
when he entered the Virginia Military Institute, at which insti-
tution he remained until April 9th, 1865. in the Cadet Corps.
A considerable part of this time he spent in the military serv-
Editor's Note: Senator Martin died at the University of Virginia
Hospital, November 12, 1919, after this sketch was written.
124 SKETCHES CflF THE DEAD
ice of the Confederate States with the battalion of cadets, and
was in Richmond with that battalion engaged in the guarding
of prisoners during the summer of 1864. Just before the sur-
render of General Lee young Martin attempted to enter the
regular Confederate Army, but the surrender occurred before
he was able to attain his purpose. In October, 1865, he en-
tered the University of Virginia and was in the academic de-
partment of that institution for two years.
Soon after leaving the University of Virginia he commenced
the study of law by a course of private reading at home, and
was licensed to practice in the fall of 1869. Very soon after
his qualification at the bar he began an extensive and lucrative
practice, and it was not many years before he became recog-
nized as a lawyer of the highest integrity, ability and learning.
He took an active part hi behalf of the Democratic party of his
native Commonwealth and did much to lead that party to vie-
tory in die hard fought fights against the Republicans. He was
appointed a member of the Board of Visitors of the Miller
Manual Labor School of Albemarle County, which position he
still holds, and he was lor one term a member of the Board of
Visitors of the University of Virginia. He never sought po-
litical office or preferment until in December, 1893, he was
elected United States Senator from Virginia for the term com-
mencing: March 4th, 1895. He was re-elected in 1899, 1905,
1911 and 1917. His election the last time was without opposi-
tion.
Senator Martin hi a very short while took a commanding po-
sition, and upon the Democrats obtaining control of the Sen-
ate, was appointed Chairman of the important Committee on
Appropriations, and has for a number of years been the Demo-
cratic leader m that body. He has always been noted as a man
amongst men; a born leader, quiet and unostentatious, but a
forceful speaker and able statesmen. He has brought back his
native State to the position it formerly held in the Senate and
he is regarded and respected as one of the ablest members of
that great body. He is no less noted for the warmth of his
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 125
friendship and the devotion of his friends, and Virginia is
proud of the man who now for over twenty-six years has so
ably represented her in the great council of the Xation.
NATHANIEL C. McGEE.
Xathaniel C. McGee, son of Edward H. McGee, was born in
Hanover County. Virginia, February 2nd, 1838. He came to
Albemarle County in 1859, and in 1861 enlisted in the Albe-
marle Light Horse Cavalry, afterwards known as Company K,
Second Cavalry. During the greater part of the struggle he
acted as one of the special couriers of General Munford, who
frequently spoke of him as one of his most courageous and in-
trepid men. He was slightly wounded at the Battle of Five
Forks and again very severely about two weeks before the sur-
render at Appomattox Courthouse.
After the war he returned to his home at Ivy. In 1867 he
married Miss Mary M. Lobban. For a number of years he
served as Chairman of the Board of Supervisors of Albemarle.
In 1904 he was elected Treasurer of the Count}- and moved his
family to Charlottesville, where he resided until the date of
his death, May llth, 1919.
Such is the brief record of a singularly fine life. Whether
as citizen, soldier or public official, he exemplified the finest traits
of honor, integrity and exalted faithfulness. His very name
stood as a synonym for fair dealing and high courage. His
word was indeed as good as his bond, and those nearest to him
in public and private life felt that his friendship was as minium11
as the Rock of Gibraltar.
The same stamina and faithfulness that carried him with
honor through the Civil War, carried him with equal honor and
success through the political period of his life. His friends felt
that his record, was as clean as his heart, and that both were far
beyond the reach of petty and unjust criticism. As County
Treasurer of Albemarle for sixteen years, he exemplified every
virtue of exalted public sen-ice.
His private life was beautiful in its devotion and stainless
126 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
purity. His passing has left a sad spot in the hearts of hun-
dreds of friends and an unhealing wound in the hearts of those
nearest and dearest to him. His county and state are richer for
his service; both are poorer for his leaving.
JOHN McKINNEY.
John McKinney came to Charlottesville, Virginia, from Ire-
land, and at the beginning of the Civil War joined Company
A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry. He was a good soldier, and
an active member of John Bowie Strange Camp. After the
war he engaged in the mercantile business, and resided in Char-
lottesville, where he died.
HENRY BOWYER MICH IE.
BY T. J. MICHIE.
Henry Bowyer Michie was born in Staunton, February 12th,
1839, and married Virginia Bedinger in Loudoun County on
the 3rd day of October, 1866. He was a son of Thomas John-
son Michie, a very prominent lawyer of Staunton, and of Mar-
garet Garber his wife. When the war broke out he at once en-
tered the Confederate army and served until the end, first in the
Staunton Artillery, Imboden's Battery, and at the last in the
Clark County Cavalry. After Lee's surrender he, with one or
two other Staunton young men, attempted to make their way
south to join Kirby Smith, but had not gone far on their jour-
ney before they heard of the surrender of that General. He
took part in all the great battles in Virginia, Maryland and
Pennsylvania, but was wounded only once and then but slightly.
Henry Bowyer Michie, after the war, studied law at Washing-
ton and Lee University and became the partner of his father,
Thomas Johnson Michie, in Staunton. His health, much im-
paired by his service in the army, broke down entirely in 1878
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 127
and he was forced to retire from the practice of law to his farm
in Loudoun County, where he dwelt with his family until Sep-
tember, 1883, when he removed to Charlottesville, Virginia,
having purchased the "Charlottesville Chronicle," which paper
he edited until his death, March 15th, 1895. Upon taking up
his residence in Charlottesville he became a member of John
Bowie Strange Camp of Confederate Veterans.
Henry Bowyer Michie was a man of brilliant ability and of a
strong literary bent — an interesting talker and very deeply read.
He is survived by his widow, Virginia Bedinger Michie, and
his three sons, Thomas Johnson Michie, George Rust Bedinger
Michie and Armistead Rust Michie, all residents of Charlottes-
ville.
ORIN MICHIE.
BY CAPTAIN HENRY CLAY MICHIE.
Orin Michie was born in 1839 in Albemarle County, Virginia.
He enlisted in the Confederate Service in Company H, Fifty-
sixth Regiment, Virginia Volunteer Infantry, in May, 1861, and
served through the campaigns of 1861-'62-'63 up to and in-
cluding the Battle of Gettysburg. He was in the charge of Pick-
ett's Division and was mortally wounded while serving as color
corporal of the Regiment. He had previously served in the
battles of Fort Donelson, July 1862, Gaines Mill, June 27th,
1862, Fraziers Farm, June 30th, 1862, Manassas, August 29th
and 30th, 1862, and Boonsboro, Maryland, September 14th,
1862. In this last named battle he was dangerously wounded
and taken prisoner. Orin Michie was as gentle as a woman and
as faithful a soldier as any who served the Confederacy.
GEORGE R. MINOR.
BY W. W. MINOR.
George R. Minor, son of Hugh Minor and Mary Ann Carr,
his wife, was born at the family home, "Ridgeway," Albemarle
County, March 4th, 1839, and died November 10th, 1913, on
128 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
his farm near Eastham, Virginia. He was educated at "Ridge-
way School" under Franklin Minor. He taught school for sev-
eral years and then helped his Uncle Franklin on his farm un-
til late in 1860.
He volunteered as a private in the Albemarle Light Horse,
Captain Eugene Davis commanding, afterwards known as Com-
pany K, Second Virginia Cavalry, Wickham's Brigade, Fitz-
hugh Lee's Division, Army of Northern Virginia. He was a
gallant and faithful soldier, participating with his command in
all of its battles until the close of the war. In April, 1865, he
was married to Miss Sally M. Carr, daughter of Major James
L. Carr, C. S. A., of Charleston, West Virginia. He settled on
his father's farm near Eastham with his most estimable wife,
and reared a large family of fine children. He was a man of
fine sense, unswerving integrity, a warm friend, and kind neigh-
bor. He was a member of the Bethel Presbyterian Church
from his thirteenth year, and was a useful and active officer of
that church for more than forty years, serving until his death.
He took an active interest in the public questions of his day and
was noted for his fearless honesty and detestation of all that
was not straightforward and honorable. He was genuinely
hospitable and had much genial humor.
JAMES P. MOON.
James P. Moon entered the war in Captain Cole's Company, a
part of the Wise Legion. He was captured at Roanoke Island.
Later he exchanged, and his company reorganized as Company
I, Forty-sixth Virginia, Wise's Brigade. He participated in all
the battles around Petersburg, the Crater, Hatcher's Run, and
other engagements, and surrendered at Appomattox.
THOMAS CLARK MORRIS.
BY MRS. FLORENCE HULL.
Thomas Clark Morris, son of Samuel F. and Mary Richard-
son Morris, was born near Union Mills, Fluvanna County, Vir-
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 129
ginia, October 2nd, 1836. When old enough he engaged in farm-
ing until about twenty-five years old, at which age he entered the
Confederate service.
In November, 1867, he married Miss Rena C. Payne, of "Lin-
den Hill," Fluvanna County, who survives him. He also leaves
a daughter, Mrs. Florence M. Hull, and a son, Mr. Russell C.
Morris of Washington, D. C.
After the war Mr. Morris went into the mercantile business
with Mr. Magruder, and pursued this line of work most of his
life. He was book-keeper for Mr. R. P. Valentine in Charlottes-
ville for some time, but later an accident having robbed him of
an eye, he then went to work for the Charlottesville & Albemarle
Railway Company, in whose employ he remained until unable
to work.
During the Civil War Mr. Morris served as a gallant officer
in Company C, Fourteenth Virginia Infantry, C. S. A., of
which Colonel Robert Poore was commander. He was noted
for his bravery. He took part in nearly all the important bat-
tles of the war, including that of Pickett's Charge at Gettys-
burg, where he was captured, with Captain Henry Clay Michie
and Captain Bragg, and sent to Johnson's Island, where he
served twenty-one months as a prisoner. Mr. Morris had un-
tiring energy, and although a great sufferer from an incurable
disease, he remained active until a few months before death.
When the summer sun was setting behind the hills of Albe-
marle, July 28th, 1917, the spirit of Thomas Clark Morris, Con-
federate Veteran and good American, passed on into the great
unknown. The funeral services were held at the residence of
his daughter, Mrs. Hull, on North Park Street, the Rev. J. K.
Joliff, D. D., of the first Methodist Church, officiating. The in-
terment was at Maplewood Cemetery, where the procession
was met by a delegation from the John Bowie Strange Camp
of Confederate Veterans. After the body, clothed in its uni-
form of gray, had been consigned to its last resting place, and
the grave covered with flowers, Major C. M. Bolton, in behalf
of the Camp, stepped forward and affectionately spread the
colors of the Confederacy upon his resting place as their last
fond remembrance to their old comrade in arms.
130 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
RICHARD A. MUNDIE
Richard A. Mundie was born in Essex County, Virginia. He
entered the Confederate army when quite young, and served
the Confederate cause with fidelity and devotion. He moved
to Charlottesville after the war, engaging in the mercantile
business, and was highly esteemed. He died July 24th, 1915.
HUGH THOMAS NELSON, M. D.
BY HUGH THOMAS NELSON, JR.
Hugh Thomas Nelson, a distinguished physician of Virginia,
was privileged as a youth to be -prominently associated with the
great war for Southern independence. He was born at Clover-
field, Albemarle County, Virginia, in 1845, the son of Robert
W. and Virginia L. Nelson, and entered the military' service in
July, 1862, just after the successful campaign before Richmond.
He was first a private in the Morris' Artillery of Hanover
County but was subsequently on detached duty at the headquar-
ters of the chief of artillery through the campaigns in Virginia,
Maryland and Pennsylvania, until the capture of his battery at
the "bloody angle'' near Spottsylvania Court House. He was
then transferred to troop F, Fourth Regiment of Cavalry, Fitz-
hugh Lee's Brigade. During his cavalry service he had two
horses shot from under him, one at Cold Harbor and one at
Rude's Hill, in the Valley. After an illness in the hospital he
was detained as a courier for General Breckenridge, and went
with him to Carolina. While serving as a courier it became his
duty to carry to President Davis, at Danville, the first tidings of
the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia. He was present
without the building where the last cabinet meeting of the Con-
federate States government was held. Returning to Virginia
in June, 1865, he was paroled at Richmond, and after graduat-
ing from Washington and Lee University at Lexington and
teaching school for several years, he was graduated in medicine
at the University of Virginia, in 1875. He practiced his pro-
fession in Halifax County, and then removed to Charlottesville,
where he resided from 1881 until 1906, the date of his death.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 131
He contributed numerous scientific papers to medical litera-
ture; was president of the Medical Society of Virginia; was
for four years secretary of the Medical Examining Board of
the State, and then president of that body, an honor which he
resigned to become instructor in clinical surgery at the Uni-
versity of Virginia. For many years he was a member of the
City Council, and was instrumental in obtaining for the city a
modern water and sewerage system.
P. W. NELSON.
BY Miss SELMA NELSON.
Philip W. Nelson was born on February 1st, 1835. His fa-
ther was Dr. Wm. Nelson of Clarke County, Virginia, and his
mother, Miss Nancy Mitchell of Charleston, South Carolina.
He studied at the University of Virginia, and shortly before
the Civil War, began farming at Rosney, in Clarke County.
Immediately after the opening of the war, he enlisted as a
private at Harper's Ferry. He served throughout the war in
Company C, Second Virginia Infantry, Stonewall Brigade, and
was present at most of the prominent battles, though at times
absent from his company, in consequence of wounds, or sick-
ness. Slightly wounded at Front Royal, and more severely
wounded at the Second Battle of Manassas, and at Spottsyl-
vania May 12th, 1864, he escaped without permanent injury,
and was in command of the remnant of Company C at the time
of the surrender.
After the war he removed to Albemarle County, and in 1875
bought the farm of Oak Hill in the same county, where he re-
sided until the time of his death in 1908.
He married Miss Emily McGuire of Tappahannock, daugh-
ter of Rev. John P. McGuire of Essex County, who was, at the
time of the war, principal of the Episcopal High School near
•Alexandria.
132 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
HILLARY PACE.
Hillary Pace resided near Crozet, Albemarle County, Vir-
ginia, and entered the army as a member of Company C, Car-
rington's Battery of Artillery. He was a fine soldier in this
justly celebrated company. His father was John J. Pace, a
highly respected farmer and citizen.
REV. J. C. PAINTER.*
My career as a Confederate soldier was not very extended or
thrilling.
I was eighteen years old the 10th day of July, 1863, and on
the 17th I joined the Otey Battery, made up chiefly of Rich-
mond boys, and commanded by Captain D. X. Walker of that
city.
The battery was raised and first commanded by Captain
Otey of Lynchburg. The Otey Battery, Davidson Battery, and
Dickerson's Battery constituted the Thirteenth Battalion of Vir-
ginia Artillery, which was commanded by Colonel J. Floyd
King, of Georgia.
• The first winter after my enlistment, after a period of stren-
uous marching up and down the Valley of Virginia and in the
mountains of West Virginia, was spent in East Tennessee un-
der Longstreet. In the spring we returned to Virginia and
joined Lee's army around Richmond and Petersburg. My com-
pany lost heavily in killed and wounded in the long siege of
Petersburg. I, myself, escaped with no worse disaster than hav-
ing a horse shot from under me near the Old Blanford Church
at Petersburg. Personally I was much worse scared and much
worse hurt when, in camp near Gordonsville, a blind artillery
horse ran over me as I lay asleep in the edge of the woods near
camp.
I was in the disastrous march from Richmond to Appomat-
tox, and with the majority of my company surrendered in
Lynchburg and was paroled on April 14th. I then footed the
hundred miles to my old home in Pulaski.
*Died October, 1919, after this sketch was written.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 133
As I said, my career was not a thrilling one, but one of the
proudest memories of the past is, that I, with five brothers in
the ranks, and two others in the government service, consti-
tuted a part of what I believe to have been the grandest army
that ever trod this globe.
WILLIAM NATHANIEL PARROTT.
William Nathaniel Parrott, the son of William T. and Fran-
ces Thompson Parrott, was born September 18th, 1842. He
joined the army at the beginning of hostilities. He was a mem-
ber of Company I, Seventh Virginia Infantry, Kemper's Bri-
gade, Longstreet's Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. He was
slightly wounded several times, but was with his colors at the
surrender. His elder brother was killed at Hatcher's Run in
1865. While in the railway mail service, he received injuries
in the Flat Nancy wreck from which he never recovered. He
died May 21st, 1911, and was laid to rest in the family section
at Highland, near Free Union, Virginia.
A. W. PAYNE.
A. W. Payne resided near Keswick, Virginia, and was pay-
master in the Quartermaster's Department. His father, Joseph
H. Payne, was first Lieutenant of Artillery, and was killed by
the enemy's sharpshooters at Gaines's Mill. John L. Payne, an-
other brother, served with him in the same company. He was
highly respected, both as a soldier and citizen.
GEORGE PERKINS.
BY G. L PETRIE.
During the summer and falj of 1864 George Perkins was with
a regiment of reserves, composed of old men and boys, at High
Bridge in Cumberland County, Virginia. The regiment was
commanded by Colonel John Scott. Captain William Wilson
134 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
was in command of the company. The chief service rendered
there was working with pick and shovel making forts and
breastworks in anticipation of a Federal attack.
In November 1864, while he was still under eighteen years
of age, he joined the cavalry company of which his father had
been captain. This company was known at home as the Cum-
berland Troop. In the field it was Company G, Third Virginia
Cavalry, Wickham's Brigade. He joined the company as pri-
vate near New Market, Shenandoah County, Virginia. He was
sent with his command on a raid into West Virginia. .Return-
ing, he went into winter quarters in Orange County, Virginia.
He returned to General Lee's forces in the early spring of
1865, but saw no fighting until the retreat from Richmond be-
gan. He was in the battle of Five Forks and a number of en-
gagements, more or less important, between Richmond and
Farmville. Passing within a few miles of his home, he ob-
tained leave of absence for a day or two to go home and get a
fresh horse. He went home, obtained a new mount, and started
to rejoin his company, but did not reach it. The surrender oc-
curred before he got to the command.
He was never wounded and never captured.
The war being ended, he returned to his home to share with
his people their poverty, and to help in the building again of
their shattered fortunes.
George Perkins, as a Confederate veteran, became a member
of the John Bowie Strange Camp of Confederate Veterans and
was honored by a term of service as Lieutenant Commander
of the Camp. His life, of great energy, of high tone, of marked
achievement, of lofty ideals, of supreme devotion, was a splen-
did contribution to his country in the trying years of recon-
struction and through the happier times of returning prosper-
ity and complete re-establishment of governmental, commer-
cial, professional, economic and social order.
He was a devout Christian, a faithful elder in the Presbyte-
rian Church, eminent lawyer, a valued citizen, a loved and hon-
ored comrade. In private life he was an exemplar. In public
life he measured up to the highest standard. All who knew him
delight to do him honor.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 135
JAMES PERLEY.
BY JOHN W. PERLEY.
James Perley was the son of James and Elizabeth Perley,
and was born in Alexandria on July 3rd, 1833. The family
moved to Fredericksburg in 1839, and after a two years' resi-
dence there came to Charlottesville, where the remainder of his
life was spent.
Upon the formation of a local military company, known as
the Monticello Guard, Mr. Perley enlisted and soon rose to the
rank of sergeant, serving with the company when it was called
to Charles Town upon the occasion of the execution of John
Brown.
Accompanying the Guard to Manassas on April 16th, 1861,
where it was merged into Company A, Nineteenth Virginia
Regiment, Garnett's Brigade, Pickett's Division, Mr. Perley
served continuously to the close of the war, participating in all
the battles of the Nineteenth Virginia Regiment and was a true
and brave soldier. He was captured at Sailor's Creek, a few
days before the surrender and carried to Point Lookout, and
was there when the war closed.
In 1855 Mr. Perley married Miss Mary Jane Mooney, of Al-
bemarle County, and to this union were born six children —
James Vincent, Annie E., John W., Charles M., Mary V., and
Rosa Lee. In 1867 he entered the furniture and undertaking
business in Charlottesville, succeeding John B. Dodd. The
business grew steadily and in 1885 had reached such propor-
tions that Mr. Perley decided to form a partnership, admitting
his sons to the business, under the firm name of James Perley
& Sons, and continued as directing head of the concern un-
til his death on January 10th, 1915, having reached the ripe age
of 82 years.
Throughout his long life Mr. Perley was active in all public
efforts to advance the welfare of the community, and took a
deep interest in the affairs of his church.
136 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
WILLIAM PERLEY.
William Perley was born in Alexandria, Virginia. He came
to Charlottesville in 1841 and engaged in the drug business. He
was a member of Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry,
and served during the war. He was a brother of Sergeant
James Perley of the same regiment, and fought a good fight
for the Confederate cause. He died at the Soldier's Home in
Richmond, Virginia, in 1892.
R. C. PITMAN.
R. C. Pitman enlisted at Harper's Ferry in May, 1861, as a
corporal in Company F, Thirteenth Virginia Infantry, and
served throughout the war. He resided near Ivy Depot, his oc-
cupation being that of a millwright. He was a fine soldier in a
noted regiment.
JAMES M. POATES.
James M. Poates resided near Batesville, Virginia, and en-
tered the Confederate army as a member of the Fluvanna Ar-
tillery. This company was afterwards consolidated with an-
other company of artillery, and he was sent to West Virginia
as enrolling officer, where he remained until the close of the war.
HENRY DANIEL PORTER.
BY R. P. VALENTINE.
Henry Daniel Porter was born in Louisa County, Virginia,
April 10th, 1838, a son of Joseph and Susan (Daniel) Porter.
He entered the Confederate army in 1861, and was a member
of Company K,, Second Virginia Cavalry, Rosser's Brigade, and
served through the war, being present at the surrender at Ap-
pomattox in 1865.
In 1865 he married Miss Mary B. Payne of Linden Hall,
Fluvanna County, Virginia. He resided in that county as a
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 137
farmer until 1887, when he moved to Charlottesville and was
superintendent of the first car line of that city. He was a man
of unusually fine qualities, of a genial disposition, and esteemed
by all who knew him. He was regarded as a man that could
be counted on at all times. He was a member of the first Bap-
tist Church of Charlottesville and died in 1896. Three children
survived him : Mr. H. P. Porter, Miss Lula and Miss Anna
Porter, all living at this time in Charlottesville, Virginia.
D. J. PURVIS.
D. J. Purvis enlisted in the army from Missouri, in the cav-
alry service, and was wounded in the arm. After the war he
resided in Charlottesville, Virginia, where he engaged in the
mercantile business until his death.
OSCAR REIERSON.
BY His FRIEND, W. R. DUKE.
Oscar Reierson, the son of John X. and Henrietta (Waly)
Reierson, was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, October 29th,
1837.
His father spent two years examining North America, being
sent out from Norway by an association looking to emigration.
He selected as the most desirable spot for a home the then Re-
public of Texas (1843).
The following year he brought out his family, together with
some two hundred Norwegians. They settled in the county
now known as Henderson.
In 1858 Oscar Reierson left home to attend the University of
Virginia, where he was graduated in 1862. In July, 1862, he
enlisted in Captain George T. Ferneyhough's Independent Cav-
alry Company. After the Second Battle of Manassas the com-
pany was incorporated in White's Independent Thirty-fifth Bat-
talion.
Oscar Reierson served through the war and for some years
138 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
practiced law in Charlottesville, Virginia, the firm being Blakey
& Reierson.
He was a genial gentleman and much loved by his friends.
He died at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Poindexter Drane,
on May 10th, 1913, and was buried in Cave Hill Cemetery,
Louisville, Kentucky.
JOHN A. RIX.
John A. Rix resided on the south side of the county of Albe-
marle, and enlisted in Company G, Forty-ninth Virginia Infan-
try. He was a faithful soldier of the Confederacy. After the
war he was an active member of John Bowie Strange Camp.
He was a good citizen.
JOHN S. ROBSON.
John S. Robson was a student in Charlottesville at the begin-
ning of the Confederate War and enlisted as a private in Com-
pany D, Fifty-second Virginia Infantry. A fine soldier, and
served four years.
T. H. ROTHWELL.
T. H. Rothwell was a son of Benjamin C. and Harriett C.
Rothwell, and served with the reserves around Richmond, Vir-
ginia. After the war he was engaged in business in Charlottes-
ville. He died in that city.
JOHN A. SHACKELFORD.
John A. Shackelford lived in Albemarle County, near Char-
lottesville. He enlisted at the age of forty-five years as a pri-
vate in the 'Albemarle Artillery, and served until the close of
the war. After the war he engaged in farming.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 139
Z. N. SHACKELFORD.
Z. N. Shackelford was born and reared in Spottsylvania
County, Virginia. He enlisted at the age of seventeen years in
the Fifty-fifth Virginia Infantry, which was a part of Hill's Di-
vision, and engaged in many noted battles of the Civil War. He
was captured in the early part of 1862 and confined at Point
Lookout for eleven months. After being exchanged, he served
in the Confederate army until Lee surrendered at Appomattox.
After the war he moved to Albemarle County, Virginia,
where he engaged in farming until 1890, when he moved to
Charlottesville and engaged in the grocery business, which he
conducted successfully until his death, which occurred very
suddenly, on May 5th, 1906.
Mr. Shackelford was a man of sterling qualities. Quiet in de-
meanor, he possessed many friends and few enemies, and his
life was that of the typical soldier who followed the leadership
of Jackson and Lee, always the gentleman and good citizen.
HORACE SHIFLETT.
Horace Shiflett enlisted in the Fluvanna Artillery at the com-
mencement of the Confederate War, and served until the close
of hostilities. He lived in Charlottesville after the war and died
at the Soldier's Home in Richmond, Virginia. He was an ed-
ucated and cultivated man, and highly respected by all who knew
him.
GEORGE A. SINCLAIR.
George A. Sinclair, son of George and Ruth Sinclair, entered
the Confederate army as a member of Colonel John S. Mosby's
command, and served with distinction to the close of the war.
He was for twenty years engaged in the mercantile business in
Charlottesville, and was also active in social life and church
work.
140 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
CHARLES G. SKINNER.
Charles G. Skinner enlisted in the Confederate army as a pri-
vate in Company A, Seventh Virginia Cavalry, and served three
years. He resided in Charlottesville, Virginia, and engaged in
the mercantile business.
J. MASSIE SMITH.
BY C. W. ALLEN.
John Massie Smith, son of Captain John Massie Smith of
Nelson County, Virginia, and Jacintha Tazewell Rhodes of Al-
bemarle County, Virginia, was born August 29th, 1843, and died
the 10th day of October, 1909, at his residence at Shadwell, Al-
bemarle County, Virginia, in the 67th year of his age.
In 1861, young Smith, then less than eighteen, and a student
at Columbia University, volunteered for duty in the service of
the Confederacy, entering the war with the Albemarle Rangers
— Tenth Virginia Cavalry — .and with this organization he par-
ticipated in more than thirty of the hardest battles of the war.
He was intrepid and fearless and always ready for action,
however perilous, and these qualities brought him many spe-
cial details, the duties of which often exacted a courage and
daring of which many good soldiers were incapable. Filled
with patriotic fervor and love for his native land, he exempli-
fied the spirit and morale of the best product of the South.
Two years after the surrender, May 21, 1867, young Smith
the veteran, married Miss Nellie Timberlake of Charlottesville,
and as a result of this union five children were born, two of
whom died early. The other three still survive, namely : Rosa
Bibb, now wife of Judge Wm. F. Rhea of Richmond ; Edward
Massie Smith and Miss Sallie Willie Smith — the two latter re-
siding at Shadwell.
After the war Mr. Smith purchased and resided upon a por-
tion of the farm at Shadwell once owned by Peter Jefferson,
and upon which Thomas Jefferson was born. With the excep-
tion of a few years during which he served as Secretary of the
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 141
House Committee on Claims and Elections, Mr. Smith spent
the remainder of his life there. His wife preceded him to the
grave, and they now lie side by side in the cemetery at Char-
lottesville.
In his domestic life Mr. Smith was genial, kindly, indulgent
and patient with his family, beloved by his neighbors and friends,
and always exhibiting a due regard for the opinions and feelings
of others. In the broader field of the citizen, he was endowed
with a clear conception of duty to his community, his stat'; and
the national government. His mind was vigorous and filled
with useful information, and few men were so well equipped to
understand and appreciate the effect of the trend of public
events. He was modest and retiring in disposition but withal
kept pace with the movements of the times in which he lived.
He was a man of deep convictions, of sincere and exalted pur-
pose, a good citizen, brave soldier and a true patriot.
J. W. SMITH.
J. iW. Smith resided near Crozet, Albemarle County, and en-
listed in the Confederate army in April, 1864, as a corporal in
Marquiss' Battery of Artillery and served until the close. His
occupation was that of a plumber.
THOMAS H. SMITH.
Thomas H. Smith, at the beginning of the Confederate war,
enlisted as a (private in Company B, Nineteenth Virginia Infan-
try, and resided in Charlottesville, where he was engaged as a
grader.
W. J. SMITH.
W. J. Smith enlisted in the Confederate army in 1862, and
served three years. He was detailed for special service under
Major Richards at Gordonsville. and after the war resided at
Charlottesville, Virginia.
142 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
JOHN SPOONER.
John Spooner enlisted in the Confederate army as a cor-
poral in Carrington's Battery of Artillery, and was afterwards
promoted to sergeant. He was captured at Spottsylvania Court
House on the 12th of May and remained a prisoner to the close
of the war.
GUSTAVUS WALLACE SPOOXER.
BY REV. GEORGE H. SPOONER.
The subject of this sketch was born at "Montebello/' the old
home place adjoining the grounds of the University of Vir-
ginia, December 6th, 1827. In 1852 he was married to Miss
Dorothy Durrette of North Garden.
He entered the Confederate army in May, 1861, as sergeant
in Company B, 19th Virginia Infantry, and served two years.
He was a faithful soldier.
Shortly after the war he began his business career in the city
of Charlottesville as an associate with J. M. Lobbin in the hard-
ware business. Later he was the senior member of the firm of
Spooner & Norris; and still later, of the firm of Spooner &
Keller. In the early eighties he established the architectural
and construction company of G. W. Spooner & Son, associating
with him his eldest son, M. M. Spooner. This firm designed
and constructed a number of public and private buildings in the
city.
He was a steward in the Methodist Church, a member of the
^city council, and at one time city engineer.
He died September 6th, 1904, leaving the legacy of an hon-
orable record, a lofty character and a respected name in places
of duty and service.
W. M. THOMAS.
W. M. Thomas enlisted in 1861 in Company K, Forty- fourth
Virginia Infantry, and served during the entire war. He was
originally from Fluvanna County, but subsequently moved to
Overton, Albemarle County.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 143
WILLIAM BEVERLY TOWLES, M. D.
BY P. B. BARRINGER.
William Beverly Towles was born at Columbia, Fluvanna
County, Virginia, on the 4th day of March, 1847, and died at
the University of Virginia, September 15th, 1893. He was the
son of Dr. William B. Towles and Harriett Washington John-
son his wife. His father was a prominent physician in Flu-
vanna, who later moved to Cumberland County, and it was here
that young Towles was raised.
During the early years of the War between the States he was
attending the local schools of that county and then a high school
in Buckingham. Soon, however, the alarums of war began to
call louder than the bells of peace, and in the fall of 1863, when
about sixteen years of age, he entered the Reserve Corps of the
Confederate Army, usually called "The Home Guard." With
a command hastily called together by Colonel Baker of Farm-
ville, he aided in the defense of the Staunton River Bridge in
Charlotte County, and here for gallantry was made sergeant,
notwithstanding his youth. His next duty was guarding the
eastern end of the "High Bridge" over the Appomattox River
near Farmville. Soon, Colonel Baker, seeing the end near, dis-
banded his command in spite of the protests of his young hot-
spurs. Young Towles went to his home not far away, and
mounting a horse set off with a favorite negro to join Colonel
Mosby, only to find that that officer also had surrendered. Much
chagrinned, he had to return and surrender. This was a pro-
found shock to the great-grandson of Colonel Oliver Towles of
the Sixth Continental Line of the Revolution and the grandson
of Major Oliver Towles of the war of 1812. But this was war.
Young Towles entered the University of Virginia in 1867,
and received the degree of M. D. on June 1st, 1869. He prac-
ticed in Missouri for a time, but in 1872 was appointed Demon-
strator of Anatomy in the University of Virginia under Pro-
fessor John Staige Davis. Here he served so satisfactorily that
on the death of Dr. Davis in 1885 he was elected as his suc-
cessor. Although like his predecessor, a gifted lecturer, he also
maintained that human anatomy could be taught only on the
144 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
cadaver, and made the dissecting hall the chief province of his
work. He nobly mintained the traditions of this famous school
of anatomy and added new lustre to its name. For some years
he also taught in the University of Vermont Summer School
of Medicine.
The writer first knew Dr. Towles in 1876, and he was even
then a man of striking characteristics ; but it was in his later
years that he developed into a man of marked dignity and dis-
tinction. While agreeable and courteous to all, his system of
human classification was unique. To him the world consisted
of his friends, on the one hand, and the rest of mankind on the
other; and no man was ever more steadfastly loyal to his
friends.
T. A. TRICE.
T. A. Trice was born at Frederick's Hall, in Louisa County.
He was the son of T. N. and Alary Moon Trice. He entered
the Confederate service at the age of seventeen years in Dance's
Battery of Artillery, where he remained until the close of the
war. Foregoing his anticipated college education, he set to
work to restore the ravages the war had made on his home af-
fairs. In 1892 he moved to Charlottesville, where his services
on the police force were highly appreciated. For several years
he was Chief of Police in that city.
JOHN UTZ.
John Utz entered the Confederate army as a member of Com-
pany B of the Culpeper Minute Men, Thirteenth Virginia Regi-
ment of Infantry. He was transferred to the cavalry service,
where he distinguished himself for bravery. In an engagement
with the enemy in the streets of Orange Court House he re-
ceived severe saber cuts in the head, which disqualified him
from further active service. He engaged in the carriage busi-
ness in Charlottesville after the war, and was a man highly es-
teemed for his worth and service in the city.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 145
CHARLES HENRY WALKER.
BY JOHN W. WALKER.
Charles Henry Walker was born at Louisa, Virginia, July
29th, 1845, and was a son of John W. and Martha (Hughson)
Walker. His father was a railroad contractor of the firm of
Mason & Walker. His maternal grandfather was Samuel
Hughson of the Green Springs section of Louisa County. His
paternal grandfather, Austin Walker, lived in Piedmont, Vir-
ginia, and was the father of a numerous family.
As a boy Mr. Walker attended John P. Thompson's private
school at Louisa, the famous old Dinwiddie School at Green-
wood, Virginia, and was a student at the Crenshaw school in
Amelia County when, in 1863, at the age of eighteen, he en-
tered the Confederate army as a member of the command of
Colonel John S. Mosby, known as Mosby's Battalion.
On August 13th, 1864, while taking part in the capture of a
wagon train at Berryville, Mr. Walker was seriously wounded
while in the forefront of a charge on a body of infantry that
had taken refuge behind a stone wall. He was within a few
feet of this wall when a minnie ball from an enemy musket shat-
tered his left arm. Eight months later he was not sufficiently
recovered to return to his command.
A few years after the close of the war he came to Charlottes-
ville to enter business. He soon took a position with T. J.
Wertenbaker. In January 1875 he established himself at Rec-
tortown, Virginia, in a mercantile business which he conducted
with a large measure of success for twenty-two years. His
capital outgrowing the needs of his own business led to his or-
ganizing, in association with D. P. Wood of Warrenton, the
business of D. P. Wood & Company. Also, in 1889, he estab-
lished with J. E. Wood the business that is now the Charlottes-
ville Hardware Company. In 1897, retiring from the Rector-
town business, he came back to live in Charlottesville, and
joined the John Bowie Strange Camp of Confederate Veterans.
He was thrice chosen commander of the camp but declined to
serve the third term though unanimously elected. He was ap-
pointed city treasurer and filled that office by successive elec-
146 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
tions until his death. He was a director in the Albemarle Na-
tional Bank and in various other enterprises. He was an elder
of the Christian Church for about twenty years and Superin-
tendent of its Sunday School for a number of years. In every-
thing bearing upon the material or moral progress of the com-
munity he took an active part. His last residence was the hand-
some old colonial home of Ex-Governor Gilmer.
He was married in Danville, Virginia, in May, 1873, to Ro-
berta Carroll, who was born in Albemarle County, the daugh-
ter of Major Andrew Carroll and Mattie C. (Payne) Carroll.
She was a faithful companion until her death in July, 1911. On
December 10th, 1912, he married Mrs. Mattie (Terrell) Wills,
the daughter of N. A. Terrell, and widow of F. Cary Wills.
Mr. Walker's benefactions were many and probably no man
who ever lived in the city helped more people. He died March
21st, 1917.
C. M. WAYT.
C. M. Wayt was a resident of Charlottesville, Virginia, at
the beginning of the war, and enlisted in Company A, Nineteenth
Virginia Regiment of Infantry. He was a fine soldier. He en-
gaged in business after the war, and was book-keeper for the
Bank of Albemarle. He was highly respected as a man and
citizen.
W. DYER WHEELER.
W. Dyer Wheeler was the son of Bryant and Elizabeth
Wheeler and entered the Confederate army as a member of
Company K, Second Virginia Cavalry. He was distinguished
for his gallantry and fine soldierly qualities. He was wounded
four times. He came from Fluvanna County to Charlottesville,
where he was actively engaged in business. He was highly es-
teemed as a man and citizen.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 147
JUDGE JOHN M. WHITE.
BY WM. F. LONG.
Judge John M. White was born in Norfolk County on the
16th day of November, 1846, and died at Charlottesville on the
6th day of March, 1913. When he was sixteen years old he en-
tered the Confederate army and was a member of Company
G, Forty-third Battalion of Cavalry, under Mosby's Command,
and served until the close of the war.
After the war he entered the University of Virginia and
studied law under Professor John B. Minor. After leaving the
University Judge White married Miss Gay Leake, the daughter
of Honorable Shelton F. Leake, and commenced the active prac-
tice of his profession in partnership with Mr. Leake under the
firm name of Leake & White. He took an active part in poli-
tics and was for several years chairman of the Democratic
Party in his county and also a member of the State Democratic
Committee. In 1885, he was elected county judge, which of-
fice he held by successive elections until the adoption of the
constitution of 1904, when he was elected judge of the Eighth
Judicial Circuit, which office he held until his death.
While he was county judge the Miller Manual Labor School
of this county came under his jurisdiction and the welfare of
that institution was his greatest care and pride. He was presi-
dent of the board of trustees under the Samuel Miller deed for
the benefit of the Agricultural School of the University of Vir-
ginia.
From 1895 until his death Judge White was president of the
Peoples National Bank, which under his able guidance and di-
rection became one of the leading banking institutions of Vir-
ginia.
For more than ten years Judge White was a member of the
vestry of Christ Church and was regular in his attendance, al-
ways taking an active interest in the proceedings. For many
years he occupied the position of treasurer and for nearly three
years was the senior warden of the church.
Some years after the death of his first wife he married Miss
Hilah White, whose beautiful and lovely life came to an end
148 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
just a short time before his own. By his first wife he had two
children — John S. White, of the firm of White & Long, now
postmaster of Charlottesville, and Louise, wife of Colonel Hun-
ter Pendleton of the Virginia Military Institute. Of his second
marriage three children survive — Henrietta, wife of Dr. Wil-
liam Bryan of the United States Marine Corps, Joan, wife of
Professor George L. Bardin, of the Virginia Military Institute,
and Elizabeth, wife of Dr. Charles W. Beauchamp of Char-
lottesville.
Judge White was intensely practical and intensely sympa-
thetic. As a judge, he wasted no time with the refinements and
technicalities of the law, but brushing these aside, looked
straight ahead for the right of the cause. He was patient and
forbearing with the older lawyers, and kind and sympathetic
with the younger, but allowed nothing to stand in the way of
plain simple justice to the litigants in his court.
H. QUINT S. WILLIAMS.
H. Quint S. Williams was a member of Company K, Second
Virginia Cavalry, and served with distinction throughout the
war. He was wounded at Yellow Tavern, Front Royal, and at
High Bridge. His brother, J. Edward Williams, served in the
same company, and was badly wounded at Fisher's Hill. They
were men of sterling character and highly esteemed by the com-
munity in which they lived.
BENJAMIN BOWLES WILLS.
BY His' NIECE, C. ELL WILLS.
Benjamin Bowles Wills was born at "Woodlawn," Fluvanna
County, Virginia, August 23rd, 1832, and died December llth,
1915. His parents were Miles Cary Wills and Rebecca Mit-
chell Bowles Wills.
When a young man he went to Mississippi and became a
Southern planter of ante-bellum days, but came back to his na-
tive state at the first call to arms. After the war he served as
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 149
colporteur for the Baptist Association of Virginia for many
years, and later purchased a farm near Charlottesville where
his declining years were spent. During these last years he was
especially active in Christian work at the Woolen Mills Union
Chapel, and the stone erected at his grave by the Chapel bears
silent testimony to the love and esteem of his fellow workers.
"Ben," as he was affectionately called by his friends, served
during the entire four years of the war. He went in with Car-
rington's Battery, and when that officer was captured at Spottsyl-
vania Court House, Captain Garber succeeded him. Mr.
Charles Sinclair and Mr. Malcolm Mclntire, much younger than
he, were especially loved by "Ben," and it was against his judg-
ment and advice that Mr. Mclntire went with a foraging expe-
dition, fell into the hands of the enemy, and was not heard of
for a year.
FREDERICK MILES WILLS.
BY C. ELL WILLS.
Frederick Miles Wills, son of Miles Gary Wills and Rebecca
Mitchell Bowles Wills, was born at "Woodlawn" near Wil-
mington, Fluvanna County, Virginia, August 14th, 1833. On
February 13th, 1861, at "The Barracks," he was married to
Sallie Harriett Burnley, daughter of Dr. William Rice Burn-
ley and Cornelia Dabney Davis Burnley, both of Albemarle.
In 1849 he came to Charlottesville and entered the drug busi-
ness, in which he continued for over sixty years, until his death
November 8, 1912, but he found time to be in every sense a
loyal citizen a devoted friend, a public servant, and a true and
fearless Christian gentleman of the highest type.
As a druggist, he was exempt from military service. Never-
theless he was in the army for possibly two years, serving as
First Sergeant of the Albemarle Light Horse, Second Virginia
Cavalry, commanded by Captain Eugene Davis, the regiment
and brigade being under the commands of Colonel Munford and
General Wickham, respectively. In this short period the names
of his comrades became indelibly engraved on his memory, and
150 SKETCHES OF THE DEAD
a few hours before his death the watchers heard names, strange
to them, called as rapidly and clearly as if with the roll before
him in the eventful days of the war.
. C. H. WINGFIELD.
C. H. Wingfield was the son of Anderson Wingfield. He
enlisted in Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, as a ser-
geant, and continued in the service until the close of the war.
He was a fine soldier. He was engaged in the mercantile busi-
ness after the war in Charlottesville, where he died.
LLEWELLYN WOOD
BY Miss NAN D. WOOD.
Llewellyn Wood was born near Earlysville, Virginia, Septem-
ber 25th, 1843. When sixteen years of age he went to Char-
lottesville, where he was employed in the hardware store of
Lobbin & Company.
He volunteered in the Confederate army February 8th, 1862.
going to Richmond with the Heavy Artillery, which was later
converted into the Fifth Virginia Cavalry, commanded by
Colonel Reuben Boston. Shortly after this he was made First
Sergeant of Company I, which office he held until the end of
the war. He was twice taken prisoner, first at Yellow Tavern,
and again at Aldee. As to his bravery and faithfulness as a
Confederate soldier, it was never questioned.
In 1876 he engaged in business on his own account and contin-
ued it until 1902, when he was made secretary of the Charlottes-
ville & Albemarle Raihvay Company, which position he held
until his death.
Soon after his arrival in Charlottesville he associated him-
self with the Baptist Church, and was for many years a deacon
of that church. He delighted in working in mission chapels,
first teaching for several years in the Woolen Mills Chapel, then
taking up the same work at Rose Hill Chapel. He continued
this work until the time of his death.
SKETCHES OF THE DEAD 151
He was greatly interested in all matters pertaining to the
Confederacy and was for many years Adjutant of the John
Bowie Strange Camp.
He died at his home in Charlottesville, Virginia, January 6th,
1912.
JOHN F. YANCEY.
John F. Yancey was the son of Alexander Yancey, and lived
near Hillsboro, in Albemarle County. He enlisted in Company
K, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, and served during the four
years of the war, participating in the battles of Second Ma-
nassas, Cold iHarbor, and other engagements. His occupation
was farming. He was a fine citizen and a worthy man.
Sketches of the Living.
COLONELS.
COLONEL C. S. PEYTOX.
BY C. B. LINNEY.
Colonel C. S. Peyton was born and reared in Albemarle
County, Virginia, and entered the Confederate army in 1861 as
Captain of Company E, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry. He lost
an arm at the Second Battle of Manassas, and although se-
verely wounded in Pickett's charge at Gettysburg, took com-
mand of Garnett's Brigade, being the only field officer left in the
brigade. Being incapacitated for further field service, he was
detailed as enrolling officer, and did fine service at Lynchburg,
Staunton and Charlottesville. He was a brave and fearless sol-
dier and highly esteemed for his many social qualities and for
his good citizenship.
MAJORS.
MAJOR CHANNING MOORE BOLTON.
Channing Moore Bolton was born in Richmond, Virginia, the
24th day of January, 1843. His parents were Dr. James Bol-
ton and Anna Maria (Harrison) Bolton.
He entered the University of Virginia in 1860, but in the
spring of 1861 joined the University Company, Captain Tosh
commanding. Before the close of the session he left and re-
ported to Colonel Charles Talcott, Chief of Engineers for State
of Virginia, and was assigned by him to the charge of the de-
fenses of Richmond. Shortly afterwards he was made Lieuten-
ant of Engineers and placed in charge of several important pieces
of work for the army. Later he was assigned to the staff of Ma-
jor General Pender and was with him when the latter received
CHANNING M. BOLTON
Lieut. Army of Northern Virginia
Civil and Military Engineer
Past Commander John Boivie Strange Camp, C. V.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 153
his mortal wound at Gettysburg. After Gettysburg he was on
the staff of General Chadmas Wilcox when he took command of
the division. He was in all the battles in which that division
participated until the spring of 1864, when he was ordered to re-
port to the First Regiment of Engineer Troops.
This regiment acted as infantry in opposing General Grant's
movement against Petersburg in 1864. In January, 1865, he
was ordered to North Carolina on special service and remained
there until the surrender.
MAJOR WILLIAM PEAKE.
William Peake enlisted in the Confederate army on the 21st
ciay of April, 1861, in Company D, First Virginia Infantry. He
was transferred to Company G, Fourth Virginia Cavalry, and
detailed to Fitzhugh Lee's headquarters the day afterwards.
He served with Lee until wounded near Winchester. Recover-
ing from his wound, he returned to his company and continued
with it until thirty days before the surrender, when he was sent
home to procure a horse. The horse provided, he reached his
command the day of the surrender. With six others of his com-
pany he left to join General Johnson's army, but was ordered
back from Danville to gather up recruits from those who had
not surrendered.
He was at the battles of Bull Run, First Manassas, and prac-
tically all the engagements in which the cavalry participated, ex-
cept the Maryland campaign.
CAPTAINS.
CAPTAIN L. S. MARYE.
Captain Lawrence S. Marye was captain of a Company of
Light Artillery (The Hampden Artillery) and was, during the
first year of the war, in Fayette and Kanawha Counties (now
West Virginia), his company being attached to the command
of Major General Loring.
His company was not engaged in any serious battle during
154 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
this campaign, though there was a slight affair, amounting to
but little more than a skirmish, at Fayette Court House.
In the second year of the war he was appointed captain in
the Ordnance Department, and assigned first to the division of
General Jubal A. Early and afterwards to the division of Gen-
eral Edward Johnson, and was in most of the battles fought be-
tween the Army of Northern Virginia and the Federal armies
during the war.
CAPTAIN HENRY CLAY MICHIE.
Henry Clay Michie was born in Albemarle County. Virginia,
on the 9th day of January, 1842. He entered the military serv-
ice of the state of Virginia, April 17th, 1861, in the Southern
Guard, a company of students of the University of Virginia.
After serving about two weeks at Harper's Ferry, this company
was ordered back to the University and disbanded. He imme-
diately entered the Confederate service and served to the end
of the war as private, second sergeant, first sergeant, first lieu-
tenant and captain. He was not absent from his regiment, the
Fifty-sixth Virginia Volunteer Infantry, from October. 1862. to
March, 1865, two and one-half years, unless in a hospital or
Federal prison. He was wounded in the battle of Gaines's Mill,
June 27th, 1862, and again at Second Manassas, August 30th,
1862. He was slightly wounded and taken prisoner in the
charge of Pickett's division at the battle of Gettysburg, July
3rd, 1863. Since the close of the war he has been Commander
of John Bowie Strange Camp, Confederate Veterans, Brigadier
General of the Third Virginia Brigade, United Confederate
Veterans, and is now (1919) Brigadier General of the Fourth
Virginia Brigade, United Confederate Veterans.
CAPTAIN WILLIAM W. MINOR.
The subject of this sketch was the son of William W. Minor
of Gale Hill and Mary Waters Terrel, his wife. He was born
February 2nd, 1840, and was educated at Ridge way School and
H. CLAY MICHIE
CAPT. Co. H, 56TH VA. INF., C. S. A.
BRIG. GEN. 4TH VA. BRIGADE, N. C. V.
Past Commander John Bowie Strange Camp
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 155
the University of Virginia, leaving the latter institution April
17th, 1861, as a private in the Southern Guard, one of the infan-
try companies organized and trained in the fall of 1860. They
first saw service at Harper's Ferry, but in a short time were dis-
banded by Governor Letcher, some returning to the University
of Virginia to complete their course, but most of them re-enter-
ing the Confederate service at once. Among the latter was the
subject of this sketch, who, with John B. Magruder and Wil-
liam L. Randolph, recruited a company of infantry in Albe-
marle, Fluvanna and Greene Counties, of which he was elected
First Lieutenant. He served as such with his company, known
as Company H, Fifty-seventh Virginia Regiment, Armistead's
Brigade, Pickett's Division, till after the Seven Days Battle near
Richmond, when he received a commission as captain in a com-
mand then being raised in Southwest Virginia and East Tenn-
essee. He was made ordnance officer in the Department of West
Virginia and served in this capacity under General Sam Jones,
General Breckenridge and General Echols, at different points in
this department from 1862 till the end of the war in 1865. In
April, 1864, he was married to Mary Elizabeth Howe, daughter
of Wm. H. and Mary M. Howe, of Wythe County, Virginia,
with whom he lived forty-six years, till her death. He has
spent his life as a farmer and fruit grower, and as an active
member and elder of the Bethel Presbyterian Church, in whose
interest he is still a diligent worker.
LIEUTENANTS.
MILTOX WYLIE HUMPHREYS.
At the age of sixteen Milton Wylie Humphreys voltunteered
in the Liberty Hall Volunteers. This was in the spring of 1861,
at Washington College, Lexington, Virginia. That company be-
ing temporarily disbanded, he enlisted in the Monroe Artillery,
better known as Bryan's Battery, 13th Battalion, Virginia
Light Artillery. He served in West Virginia until 1864. He
was in several engagements in May and June of that year,
in the Lynchburg campaign. In July. 1864. the Valley cam-
156 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
paign began under General Early, and Humphreys took part
in every engagement in which his battalion or battery partici-
pated, except during thirty days spent on detail arresting de-
serters.
His command was detached at the time Richmond fell, and
joined General Echols at Dublin. When the news of Appo-
mattox was received, he was, with all the men under Echols,
furloughed for two months, this being the form under which
that force was really disbanded.
He was first a corporal, then sergeant, and in 1864, acting
lieutenant. Whatever position he held, he always pointed guns
in battle. He devoted much study to the art of hitting, and
gave instruction on gunnery to non-commissioned officers. On
several occasions he employed indirect fire. He also pointed
out the effect of the earth's rotation on the motion of pro-
jectiles. An account of his devices for finding ranges, correct-
ing errors, etc., was published in the Journal of the United
States Artillery, Vol II, No. 4.
Editor's Note: — Since the war Professor Humphreys has held
chairs in various universities in the South, including the chair of
Greek at the University of Virginia. In practically every field of
knowledge his information seems to be accurate in its detail and
encyclopedic in its scope.
DR. W. E. NORRIS.
W. E. Norris is a native of Lancaster County. Virginia, but
was residing in Baltimore, Maryland, when war was declared.
He was a member of the Maryland Guard, and enlisted in the
summer of 1861 with a Maryland company, commanded by
Captain J. Lile Clark of Baltimore, at that time on duty at
Suffolk, Virginia. The company had not then been assigned
to any regiment, but was later made Company B of the Twen-
ty-first Virginia Infantry, and hurriedly sent to the western
part of Virginia to reinforce General Garnett. who met dis-
aster before assistance could reach him.
The regiment having been brigaded with other Virginia and
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING • 157
Tennessee regiments, was marched to Valley Mountain to en-
ter upon a campaign which, though marked by no little priva-
tion and suffering, caused largely by most unfavorable weather
conditions, resulted in no event of military importance.
Operations in that quarter were abandoned and the brigade
ordered to report to General T. J. Jackson at Winchester,
where .it arrived just in time to take part in the memorable
Romney Campaign, leaving Winchester the first day of Jan-
uary, 1862.
After the army returned to the Valley, followed the battles
of Kernstown, McDowell and Front Royal, in which the bri-
gade was engaged.
The day following the last named battle, Company B was
mustered out of service, its term of enlistment having expired.
W. E. Norris was then elected Lieutenant of Company D,
Forty-sixth Virginia Infantry, Wise's Brigade. This regiment
had been captured at Roanoke Island, paroled on the field, re-
cently exchanged and re-organized with George Norris of
Charlottesville, Virginia, as Captain of Company D, the for-
mer captain, Richard Crank, having declined to reenter the
service. The brigade was, for the time being, held in reserve
at Chaffin's farm near 'Richmond, but was later sent to aid in
the defense of Charleston, South Carolina, where it remained
until General Grant began his famous flank movement across
James River to invest Petersburg. Here it was engaged in
several battles before the final establishment of the lines of de-
fense so long held. It remained in this theatre of activities,
meeting such attacks as were made on its front, including the
Battle of the Crater, until a few days before the retreat, when
it was moved to the right, where it took part in the battles of
Hatcher's Run and Five Forks.
On the retreat it was engaged in the battle of Sailor's Creek
and a number of other affairs which were probably not of suf-
cient importance to be called battles. Finally it came to Ap-
pomattox and surrendered.
158 » SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
CHAPLAINS.
DR. GEORGE LAURENS PETRIE.
George Laurens Petrie was born in Cheraw, South Carolina,
February 25th, 1840. He was educated in classical preparatory
schools, and at Davidson College, Oglethorpe University and
Columbia Theological Seminary. He enlisted in the Confed-
erate service as a missionary under the direction of the Pres-
byterian Church, doing a work similar to that done by the Y.
M. C. A. in the recent war. He was soon invited by the Twen-
ty-second Regiment of Alabama Volunteers to become its
chaplain. Accepting this call, he was regularly commissioned
chaplain of that regiment. There being no Y. M. C. A., Red
Cross, nor trained nurse organizations in that day, a chaplain
not only preached as he had opportunity, and ministered to
the religious wants of the men, but sought to make himself
useful in a great variety of ways. There was much religious
interest in the army, and the chaplain was well received and
found a ready response to his endeavors. Many of the offi-
cers of all grades gave cordial help to the religious work.
Chaplain Petrie was ordained to the ministry on a call from
his regiment, being previously only a licentiate. He served un-
der General Joseph E. Johnston, then under General J. B.
Hood, and again under General Johnston. He was in the bat-
tles of Resaca, New Hope Church, Kennesaw Mountain, Ben-
tonville and Kinston ; also in the campaign that culminated in
the battle of Sumter, South Carolina, a battle fought after the
surrender, tidings of which had not been received at Sumter
at that time.
After the war he taught a classical school in Montgomery,
Alabama, two years, and was Professor of Latin at Oak1and
College, Mississippi, two years. He then became pastor suc-
cessively of the Presbyterian Church in Greenville, Alabama,
Petersburg and Charlottesville, Virginia. At the organization
of John Bowie Strange Camp, he was elected Chaplain of the
Camp, an office which, by annual elections, he has held with-
out intermission for thirty years.
GEORGE L. PETRIE, D. D.
CHAPLAIN, C. S. A.
Pastor Presbyterian Church 1878-1919
Charlottesville, Va.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 159
SURGEONS.
DR. GEORGE TUCKER HARRISON.
George Tucker Harrison, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.S., was born
at the University of Virginia, July 23rd, 1835. He is the son
of the late Professor Gessner Harrison, LL.D., who was Pro-
fessor of Latin, Greek and Hebrew in the University of Vir-
ginia until the school was divided and he became Professor of
Latin, which position he held when the war cloud burst upon
the Southern Confederacy. Dr. Harrison, the subject of this
sketch, went to Richmond in June, 1861, with letters of intro-
duction from his father to Governor Letcher, Honorable James
A. Seddon and William H. Macfarland. Governor Letcher
gave him a note to Surgeon Giteson, at that time, Chief Sur-
geon for the State of Virginia. Surgeon Giteson at once ap-
pointed him Assistant Surgeon, and ordered him to report to
General Beauregard at Manassas. By General Beauregard he
was referred to the Medical Director, who appointed him as
Assistant Surgeon to the Twenty- fourth Virginia^ Regiment,
commanded at that time by General Jubal A. Early, then only
Colonel. After the battle of Manassas Colonel Early was pro-
moted to the rank of brigadier general. The successor of Gen-
eral Early was William R. Terry, afterwards brigadier general.
Colonel Terry was succeeded by Richard L. Maury as
Colonel. Maury served to the end of the war. The surgeon
of the Twenty-fourth Virginia Infantry was Dr. Neblett. In
the summer of 1862, Dr. Neblett resigned on account of ill
health ; whereupon, Assistant Surgeon Harrison was promoted
to the rank of surgeon, and held that position until the end of
the war, being absent only when he was on detached duty in
1864. The Twenty-fourth Infantry was composed principally
of men from Southwest Virginia, who, as a rule, lived in the
country and not in towns or villages. Consequently, when
measles broke out it spread rapidly through the regiment. As
a result, typhoid fever ensued, and it was very difficult to pro-
vide proper places for the care and treatment of the patients.
It was impossible to procure tents, so it became necessary to
utilize two farm houses with their barns and other outbuild-
160 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
ings. One of the farms had been occupied by Germans, who
had abandoned it. The better way of treating the typhoid
cases proved to be by distributing them among the neighboring
small farmhouses. Practically all the cases sent to these small
houses recovered.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES.
J. K. BARER.
J. K. Baber entered the Confederate Army as a member of
Company A, Twenty-second Virginia Infantry, and served
three years. He was captured at the battle of Winchester and
sent a prisoner of war to Point Lookout, Maryland. He was
not released until the close of hostilities. He resides near
Greenwood, and is engaged in farming.
J. R. BATTAILLE.
J. R. Battaille, a native of Orange County, Virginia, enlisted
in the Confederate Army, April 17th, 1861, as a member of
Company C, Gordonsville Grays, known as the "Bloody
Thirteenth," and served during the war until March 27th,
1865, when in the midnight assault and capture of Fort Sted-
man by one hundred and twenty men of his regiment, he lost
an eye and was in the hospital when Lee surrendered at Appo-
mattox. To have been of the number of that immortal "120"
is glory enough for one soldier. He lives to bear his honors.
WILLIAM LEWIS BEASLEY.
William Lewis Beasley, son of the late James Bennett Beas-
ley, was born and raised in Greene County, Virginia. He vol-
unteered for service April 17th, 1864, being only seventeen
years of age. He enlisted in Company C, Fourth Virginia Cav-
alry, and saw service at Cold Harbor, Five Forks, Chapin
Farm and in many other battles. He was with General Lee at
the surrender at Appomattox, April 9th. 1865.
BARTLETT BOLLING
Co. D, 43RD VA. CAVALRY, C. S. A.
Commander John Bowie Strange Camp
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 161
LOUIS W. BELLAMY.
Louis W. Bellamy, son of Arthur Bellamy, resided near the
University of Virginia at the beginning of the war and en-
listed in Company B, Nineteenth Infantry, in 1862, and con-
tinued in the service until March 9th, 1863, when by a railroad
accident he lost his left leg and was incapacitated for further
service. He resides near Keswick.
JOHN L. BLAKE.
John L. Blake, son of the late George S. Blake of Albemarle
County, enlisted in the Civil War, March 1st, 1864, at Char-
lottesville, as a member of Company B, Second Virginia Bat-
talion of Infantry. He served with said company until about
March 1st, 1865, and participated in several of the battles
fought around Richmond. He was then transferred to the
Second Richmond Howitzers, Colonel Cutshaw's Battalion.
BARTLETT BOLLING.
Bartlett Boiling was born in Petersburg, Virginia, Februarv
6th, 1845. He entered the Confederate service in 1863, enlist-
ing in the Forty-third Battalion of Cavalry, Company D,
Mosby's Rangers. He was wounded, made prisoner and held
at Harper's Ferry, Wheeling, Camp Chase, and Fort Delaware.
After six months' imprisonment, he was exchanged and re-
turned to his command. He participated in many battles,
among them being Mt. Carmel, Charleston, Berryville, Ham-
ilton, and numerous raids, the activities of his 'command con-
tinuing unabated until Lee's surrender at Appomattox.
In Alexandria, Virginia, May 4th, 1881, he was united in
marriage with. Meta Lomax Stuart, daughter of Colonel
Charles E. Stuart, attorney-at-law, and Roberta Lomax. Dur-
ing the same year he made his home in Albemarle County.
His sons — Albert S., attorney-at-law, Charlottesville, and
Douglass T., a student at the University of Virginia — volun-
162 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
terred for the World War, wearing the khaki until mustered
out in June, 1919. Albert S., enlisted in July, 1918, receiving
his commission as a lieutenant of infantry, and serving as such
until honorably discharged. Douglass T., first served with the
French army as a volunteer ambulance driver, from August,
1916, until the spring of 1917, when he returned home and en-
tered the service of his country. He was later commissioned
a first lieutenant of infantry and assigned to Company G, 317th
Infantry, with which organization he served from September,
1917, to June, 1919, one year of which time this regiment was
with the American Expeditionary Forces in France.
The subject of this sketch is a son of the late Colonel Rob-
ert B. Boiling, attorney-at-law, and Sarah Melville Minge, of
"Center Hill," Petersburg, Virginia.
JAMES M. BROWN.
James M. Brown was a son of Clifton R. and Parthenia
Brown, of Charlottesville, Virginia. He entered the Confed-
erate army as a private in Company F, Nineteenth Virginia
Infantry, at the beginning of the war, participating in the bat-
tles of Williamsburg, Seven Pines and the Seven Days fight
around Richmond. In the battle of South Mountains, Mary-
land, he lost his right arm, which incapacitated him for further
service.
JOHN P. CARTER.
John P. Carter enlisted in the Confederate army in May,
1862, in Company K, Second Virginia Cavalry. He lost his
leg in the Second Battle of Cold Harbor in 1864. He resides
in Charlottesville, Virginia, and has followed the business of
shoemaking industriously since the war.
LEROY WESLEY Cox
COLOR BEARER 46TH VA. INF., C. S. A.
Supply Co. and Regt.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 163
LEROY WESLEY COX.
Leroy Wesley Cox, born November 22nd, 1845, is probably
the youngest man in this section who served on the firing line
throughout the four years of the War between the States. He
enlisted in May, 1861, in the Border Guard, commanded by Cap-
tain R. G. Crank, in Charlottesville, Virginia. The members
of this company were mustered into Wise's Legion at Lewis-
burg, Virginia, June 23rd, 1861. Later, after the fall of Roa-
noke Island, L. W. Cox came home and enlisted in the Char-
lottesville Battery of Field Artillery, commanded by Captain
J. McDowell Carrington, where he served as "number one" at
the gun.
On Sunday morning, June 8th, 1862, L. W. Cox, with three
other privates, Gardner, Goodwin and Shreeve, played a very
important part in checking the enemy, thus saving the bridge
at Port Republic.
After Carrington's Battery was captured on May 12th, 1864,
at Spottsylvania, he, with George M. Cochran and -
Pinckney, served on General Long's staff as orderlies until
after Early's campaign down the Valley and into Maryland.
He then rejoined his old command, Company D, Forty-sixth
Virginia Regiment, Wise's Brigade, while that organization
was in the ditches at Petersburg. Later he was placed on the
. color guard, and still later served as color sergeant, thus serv-
ing on the firing line from start to finish.
R. L. DOBBINS.*
R. L. Dobbins was from Cumberland County, Virginia, and
enlisted in the Confederate army as a private in Company A,
Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, serving four years. He made a
fine record as a soldier, and after the war, lived in Charlottes-
ville, where he followed his trade as a shoemaker. He now
lives in Cumberland County, Virginia.
*Died since this sketch was written.
164 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
WILLIAM RICHARD DUKE.
BY W. R. DUKE.
William Richard Duke, the son of Colonel R. T. W. Duke
and Elizabeth Eskridge, his wife, was born at Lewisburg, Vir-
ginia (now in West Virginia) July 1st, 1848.
His services to the Confederacy consisted in going out with
the Home Guards in July, 1863, during the Gettysburg Cam-
paign, when, with others, he was stationed at Gordonsville to
keep off raiders.
Again, in 1864, he was stationed on the north side of Monti-
cello Mountain, guarding the Virginia Central Railroad (now
the C. & O.) bridge across Moore's Creek and the Rivanm.
River.
To his sorrow he was not in the regular service. He was
the oldest child, and his father being in the service during the
whole period of the war, it was necessary for him to stay at
home and help care for the family.
He was not seventeen years old until after the close of the
war.
J. E. GIBSON.
J. E. Gibson, son of Ballard E. Gibson, entered the Confed-
erate Army in April, 1861, in Company A, Monticello Guard.
Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, and participated in the first bat-
tle of Manassas. He was afterwards disabled for active serv-
ice in the field and was discharged from the army at Char-
lottesville. He reenlisted in Captain Mallory's Company of
Reserves and was in this company until the close of the war.
W. G. GILLESPIE.
W. G. Gillespie enlisted in the Confederate army from Al-
bemarle County in June, 1861, in Company D, Forty-sixth Vir-
ginia Infantry. He was in the Scarry Creek battle in Kanawha
Valley Campaign. He was captured at Roanoke Island, and
after being exchanged, participated in the fight at Dunlap Sta-
W. R. DUKE
SECOND LT. COMMANDER
John Bowie Strange Camp
JOHN Z. HOLLADAY
Co. K, SRD VIRGINIA CAVALRY, C. S. A.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 165
tion on the Hewlett Line. He was in all the engagements around
Petersburg and at Hatcher's Run. He was again captured at
Sailor's Creek, Thursday preceding the surrender, and re-
mained at Point Lookout until June 14th, 1865.
JAMES F. HARLAN.
James F. Harlan, son of B. F. W. Harlan, of Nelson County,
Virginia, was one of four brothers who entered the Confeder-
ate army. He volunteered in Company B, Fifty-second Vir-
ginia Infantry, and was in active service until April, 1862,
when he was disabled by reason of a fractured limb and as-
signed to light duty until the fall of 1864. He then returned
to the regular army and in December of that year was ordered
to Petersburg, where he remained in the trenches until the
evacuation. He was captured and imprisoned at Point Look-
out until June 6th, 1865. He resides in Charlottesville, and is,
active in business and in church matters.
JOHN ZACHARY HOLLADAY.
BY DUPUY HOLLADAY.
John Zachary Holladay, son of Dr. Lewis Littlepage and
Jeane Thompson Holladay, was born in Spottsylvania County,
July 31st, 1843. He was educated at private schools and at
Hampden-Sidney College. At the outbreak of the war he,
with the other students, organized the "Hampden-Sidney Boys,"
with President J. M. P. Atkinson as Captain. They were mus-
tered into the Confederate service in Richmond, as Company
K, 20th Virginia Volunteers, and were soon ordered to what is
' now West Virginia. They fought McClellan at Rich Moun-
tain, and becoming separated from the command, with the en-
emy between them and their friends, they were faced with the
alternative of starving to death in the mountains, or coming in
and surrendering. They chose the latter, and surrendered at
Beverly. After nine months' imprisonment, Holladay was ex-
changed, and was soon appointed ordnance courier for Gen-
166 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
eral Lee. He served in this capacity until after the battle of
Gettysburg. On the retreat from Gettysburg he rescued ten
abandoned cannon, dismounted them, loaded them into empty
wagons in the wagon train, and brought them to Virginia. He
then joined Company K, Third Virginia Cavalry, Fitzhugh
Lee's Brigade.
He has to his credit, one killed single handed at Amelia
Springs and two at High Bridge; also five prisoners captured
single handed and eleven others with the aid of an artillery of-
ficer. He is the only survivor of a squadron of cavalry that
made the last charge on Grant's forces at Appomattox; this
charge being made after the surrender of Lee's army, and just
before sundown on the 9th of April. His brigade, being a part
of Fitzhugh Lee's division, did not surrender. After the war
he engaged in farming until he moved to the University of Vir-
ginia to educate his children.
Mr. Holladay says: "I fired the first shot at General Mc-
Clellan's army when it advanced on Rich Mountain, West Vir-
ginia, in June, 1861. I also fired the last shot at General
Grant's forces a few minutes before sundown on April 9th,
1865, at Appomattox. I did what I could to both start and
finish the controversy."
JOHN N. JAMES.
John N. James entered the Confederate army as a member
of the Fifth South Carolina Regiment of Infantry, and partic-
ipated in the battles of First and Second Manassas, Williams-
burg, Sharpsburg, Seven Pines, and three days of the Seven
Days Battles around Richmond. He was wounded at Gaines's
Mill, but served around Petersburg. He was captured at Sail-
or's Creek on the 6th day of April preceding the surrender at
Appomattox.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 167
JOHN L. JARMAN.*
John L. Jarman, son of Dabney M. Jarman, entered the
Confederate army from Charlottesville, Virginia, in Company
B, Nineteenth Virginia Regiment of Infantry, and served in
that company for two years ; afterwards in Company D, Forty-
ninth Virginia Infantry, until the close of the war. He was in
the First Battle of Manassas, Williamsburg, Seven Pines,
Gaines's Mill, Malvern Hill and Hatcher's Run. He has lived
in Charlottesville since the war and is active in business and
church affairs.
JOHN R. JONES.
John R. Jones enlisted at the beginning of the war as a
member of Company A, Fifth Virginia Infantry, Stonewall's
Brigade. He participated in the battles 'of First Manassas,
Kernstown, Port Republic, Cold Harbor, Indian Hill, Win-
chester and Second Manassas. He was captured on North
Run and remained in prison three months, making his escape
from Cumberland, Maryland. He was with Rosser at New
Creek where he was wounded and again captured and impris-
oned at Elmira, New York. Since the war he has resided in
Charlottesville.
CHARLES BEALE LINNEY.
Charles Beale Linney was born October 3rd, 1845, and
was reared in the old ancestral Gordon home in Orange.
He enlisted in the Confederate army as a member of Com-
pany D, Twenty-fifth Virginia Infantry, and participated in
the battle of Yellow Tavern, where the gallant Stuart gave his
life so heroically that he might save the Capital of the Confed-
eracy. With thousands of others he endured the untold suffer-
ings and hardships of the trenches around Petersburg, surren-
dering with Lee at Appomattox. But of that eventful week
(April 2nd-9th), the writer would prefer to pay tribute to the
*Mr. Jarman died December 6th, 1919, after this sketch was written.
168 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
memory of a near kinsman, James N. Beale, one of the im-
mortal "one hundred and twenty," who gave his young life so
heroically in the midnight assault and capture of Fort Sted-
man, and to the boy soldier brother, who with Ewell, at Sail-
or's Creek, fought the last pitched battle of the war, surren-
dering after all hope of success was gone, to be imprisoned at
Point Lookout.
Recalling the dreary midnight marches, with corn for a
ration, the pall of gloom that settled over the dramatic scene
at Appomattox, when strong men wept at the loss of cherished
hopes, the tramp homeward, the family meeting and story of
the loss of son and grandson, a sacrifice demanding more moral
courage than the battle, is, at this distant day, like a dream
when one awaketh, and never to be effaced from memory.
W. F. LOBBAN.
W. F. Lobban enlisted in the Confederate army in 1861 as
a member of Company K, Second Virginia Cavalry, known as
the Albemarle Light Horse, and served throughout the war.
He participated in the First Manassas and in the Valley Cam-
paign. He was taken prisoner in Fauquier County, February
18th, 1864, and remained in Fort Deleware seventeen months.
He was released in June, 1865.
C. E. MAHANES.
C. E. Mahanes resides near Keswick, Virginia. He enlisted
in the Confederate army as a member of Sturdivant's Battery
of Artillery in March, 1863, and continued serving until the
close of the war, surrendering with Lee at Appomattox. He
participated in the battles around Petersburg, where this noted
battery did fine service.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 169
AUBURN MANN.
BY GERTRUDE MANN.
Auburn Mann was born in Albemarle County, Virginia,
near North Garden, on October 15th, 1838. He was the eld-
est son of John P and Martha Suddarth Mann, and a great-
grandson of Patience Sumter, whose brother, General Sumter,
was a great military leader of his day, and for whom Fort
Sumter, South Carolina was named. He received his educa-
tion at Gibson's Academy in Albemarle County, a school con-
ducted by "Parson" Gibson.
At an early age he joined the Albemarle Rangers, and was
a member of this organization at the beginning of the war.
He and his brother, John P. Mann, Jr., served in the Confed-
erate army from the outbreak of the war, and later his two
younger brothers, LeGrand and Richard, enlisted. He first saw
active service in the West Virginia Campaign under General
Henry A. Wise. Afterwards he was with Major General J. E. B.
Stuart, and at the close of the war with Company F, Tenth
Virginia Cavalry, under General W. H. F. Lee, as a member
of the Signal Corps. His brother John lost a leg in the fighting
around Spottsylvania Court House, but neither he nor his
other two brothers were injured, although in some of the big
battles.
On October 22nd, 1866, he married Miss Virginia Lightfoot
Wheeler, and from this union two children were born, Mattie
Mann Warwick and Gertrude C. Mann. He was at one time
in the mercantile business with his father; but later entered the
service of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad Company, where
he held a clerical position until about eighteen years ago, when
he lost his eyesight, since which time he has been entirely in-
capacitated for active service of any kind. At the outbreak of
the war with Germany his three grandsons, Linwood, Auburn
and Randolph Warwick, were called to the colors, but only the
latter saw active service. It was with pride that he read that
General Pershing had said of the Thirty-eighth Infantry, Third
Division U. S. Army, of which his grandson was a member,
that they had written one of the brighest pages in the annals
of the war in the the battle of the Marne.
170 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
P. H. MARSHALL.
P. H. Marshall entered the Confederate army from Albe-
marle County in Company K, Albemarle Light Horse Cavalry.
He participated in practically all the battles fought by this fine
company of cavalry until the 15th of February, 1864. when he
was taken prisoner. Making his escape from Fort Delaware
in September following, he reported at Richmond for duty.
He was discharged from service upon the surrender of Lee's
army.
T. R. MAUPIN.
T. R. Maupin entered the Confederate army as a member
of Sturdivant's Battery from Free L'nion, Albemarle County.
Virginia- He enlisted May 1st, 1862 and continued to serve
until the close of the war. He participated in a number of
battles and was slightly wounded. After the war he resided
at Free L'nion and engaged in farming.
G. W. MAYS.
G. W. Mays enlisted in Company H, Nineteenth Virginia
Re|fiment of Infantry, and served throughout the war. He
-was in many battles, and was captured at Sailor's Creek, near
Farmville, Virginia, April 6th, 1865. He was imprisoned at
Point Lookout, Man-land, and pardoned after his release.
JOHN P. MELTON.
John P. Melton enlisted in the Confederate army at the be-
ginning of the war in Company A, Fluvanna Artillery, and
participated in the battles fought by this fine company of ar-
tillery. He is an active member of John Bowie Strange Camp.
I. K. MORAN
Co. D, 14TH VA. INF'Y, C. S. A.
Third Lt. Comdr. John Bowie Strange Camp.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 171
L. F. MELTON.
L. F. Melton entered the Confederate army as a member of
Company A, Fluvanna Artillery, and participated in the vari-
ous battles in which that company engaged. He was noted for
his splendid services and soldierly qualities.
I. K. MORAN.
I. K. Moran, the subject of this sketch, was born in Law-
rence County, Ohio, August 12th, 1845, but was reared among
the hills of Rockbridge County, Virginia. He was a private in
Company D, Fourteenth Regiment, Virginia Infantry, Colonel
William H. White, Armistead's Brigade, Pickett's Division,
Longstreet's Corps. His father, Charles N. Moran, was a
member of the 5th Regiment, Stonewall Brigade.
With other boys of the county I. K. Moran saw service in
the Shenandoah Valley until 1863, when he was transferred to
field service with the command above mentioned. He engaged
in its forced marches and battles around Richmond and Peters-
burg, receiving severe wounds in the fierce attack and defeat of
Butler's army at Drewry's Bluff on May 16th, 1864, where
with the amputation on the field of his left leg above the knee,
his active service as a soldier of the Confederacy came to an
end.
JOHN H. MORRIS.
John H. Morris enlisted in Company C, Fourteenth Virginia
Infantry, in 1862, and served until the close of the war. He
participated in Second Manassas, Sharpsburg, Gettysburg,
Cold Harbor and other battles, and now resides in Charlottes-
ville.
JAMES MASON MURPHY.
James Mason Murphy was born at Middleway, Jefferson
County, Virginia, on the 21st day of July, 1839, and was edu-
cated in the public schools of Jefferson County. At an early
172 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
age he went with his brother, who was the editor of the "Shen-
andoah Democrat."
He married Miss Ellen Miller, of Madison County, on the
29th day of June, 1863.
The following are their children : Mrs. Daniel Harmon, of
the University of Virginia ; Frank P. Murphy, of Madison,
W. Va. ; James Edgar Murphy, of Jacksonville, Fla ; and Fred
M. Murphy, of Springfield, Ohio.
At the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted in Company
G, Tenth Regiment of Infantry, C. S. A., and served with that
company during the entire war. He was wounded both at the
First Battle of Manassas and at Chancellorsville.
After the war he moved to Gordonsville, where he was ap-
pointed agent for the Adams Express Company. He was sub-
sequently transferred to Charlottesville, and resided there until
the fall of 1918, when he moved to Madison, Boone County,
West Virginia, where he now resides.
W. W. NORVELL.
W. W. Norvell was a resident of Nelson County at the be-
ginning of the war and enlisted in Company F, Forty-ninth
Virginia Infantry. He participated in the battle of Williams-
burg and was wounded at Seven Pines, losing his right leg.
Returning home he entered school ; but not being satisfied out
of the service, he applied to the government for an assignment
and was sent to Chimborazo Hospital in Richmond, where he
remained until the close of the war. After the war he re-
moved to Charlottesville, and has retained the office of City
Constable since first elected.
GEORGE W. OLIVIER.
George W. Olivier, son of Warner Lewis Olivier and Frances
Ann Olivier, volunteered in 1862 in Company A, Twelfth Vir-
ginia Infantry.
He was at the evacuation of Norfolk and later with the
JAMES PERLEY
SERGT. Co. A, 19TH VA. INF'Y,
C. S. A.
W. C. PAYNE
Co. A, 19TH VA. INF'Y,
C. S. A.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 173
army of Northern Virginia at Seven Pines, Second Manassas,
Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, at which latter place he
was taken prisoner. He was thence carried to the old Cap-
itol Prison in Washington, but after ten days was exchanged.
He was in hospitals in Richmond and Petersburg for several
months. In October, 1863, he was transferred to Pegram's
Virginia Battery, which was ordered to North Carolina under
General Hoke and took part in the capture of Plymouth.
The battery was ordered to Petersburg in May, 1864, and
remained at the front until the evacuation, April 2nd, 1865.
He was in several minor engagements on the retreat to Ap-
pomattox and was at the surrender, April 9th, 1865.
During the last seventeen months of the war he never lost
a single day from active duty.
W. C. PAYNE.
W. C. Payne joined the Monticello Guard in 1857 and re-
mained a member of that company until 1862, when he was
discharged from the army by the Secretary of War on account
of the almost total loss of eyesight from typhoid fever con-
tracted in the army.
He was with his company at the hanging of John Brown at
Charles Town in 1859. In 1861 he left for the front with his
company and remained until his discharge the latter part of
1862 as above stated. After the war he joined the John Bowie
Strange Camp. He attended the Confederate Reunion in
Washington in June, 1917, and in a rolling chair, headed the
Virginia division, carrying in his hand, amid the shouts of
thousands, an old Confederate flag that had been through the
battles of Northern Virginia.
W. H. PONTON.
W. H. Ponton entered the Confederate army in 1861 from
Albemarle County as a member of Company G, Nineteenth
Virginia Infantry. He served with gallantry throughout the
174 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
war, participating in the battles of Seven Pines, Second Ma-
nassas, Williamsburg, Gettysburg and other engagements. He
was captured at Gettysburg and remained a prisoner until the
close of the war.
CEPHAS HEMPSTONE SINCLAIR.
Cephas Hempstone Sinclair was born near Charlottesville,
Virginia, December 4th, 1847. His father was George Sin-
clair, of Loudoun County, born in May, 1806, and died on
December 31st, 1845. His mother was Ruth Anne Belt, of
Montgomery County, Maryland, born May 12th, 1812, and
died December 17th, 1891.
C. H. Sinclair joined the Staunton artillery under Captain
Garber on December 4th, 1864. The Garber Battery was in-
creased by the remnant of Carrington's Battery of Charlottes-
ville, which escaped capture in May, 1864, at the battle of the
Wilderness. Says Mr. Sinclair for himself :
"While Garber's Battery was near Harrisonburg, Virginia,
I joined it on December 4th, 1864, and before the end of Jan-
uary, 1865, while in winter quarters near Waynesboro, about
ten members of the company were permitted to take a horse
apiece from the battery to winter near Charlottesville, Virginia.
Early in April, 1865, Lieutenant Fultz, of Garber's Battery,
came to Charlottesville and collected all ten of us to join Gen-
eral Lee's army, which was then retreating from Petersburg.
We crossed the James River at Scottsville and the next day
heard that the Yankee cavalry was between us and the army.
We turned to go by Lynchburg but that night were told by a
passing soldier that General Lee and his army had surrendered
April 9th. The next day we returned to Charlottesville."
"After taking the degree of C.M.E. and B. Sc. in the Engi-
neering School at the University of Virginia in 1873, I entered
the United States Coast Survey (afterwards the United States
Coast and Geodetic Survey) on November 14th, 1873, and
have been associated with it ever since."
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 175
CHARLES G. SINCLAIR.
Charles G. Sinclair entered the Confederate army as a
member of the Charlottesville Artillery, Carrington's Battery,
in the early part of 1863, at the age of sixteen. He partici-
pated in the battle of Spottsylvania Court House and other en-
gagements, and continued in active service until the close of
the war. He engaged in farming after the war and now re-
sides in Charlottesville.
CURRAN BRIGGS SOMERVILLE.
Curran Briggs Somerville, son of Dr. Walter and Mary H.
Somerville, of Culpeper County, Virginia, is the only sur-
vivor of five brothers who were in the Confederate army.
He was a corporal in Company F, First Regiment of Engineer
Troops, C. S. A., and served with his company until the sur-
render at Appomattox, when he was paroled.
E. GRANVILLE TAYLOR.
He was one of the original members of the Albemarle Rifles,
organized in 1860, soon after the John Brown raid at Harper's
Ferry. He was a private in the company when it entered the
service of the State of Virginia the 17th of April, 1861, and
was still with the company when it became Company B of the
Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, being then just a little over
eighteen years of age.
He was continuously in active service from that time until
he was disabled in battle in 1863.
With his company and regiment he was actively engaged in
the following battles: In 1861, First Manassas ; in 1862, York-
town (skirmish) ; Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Gaines's Mill,
Frazier's Farm, Second Manassas, Boonesboro, Sharpsburg,
Fredericksburg, and in 1863, Gettysburg. Here he was partially
disabled and placed on detached service for the rest of the war.
He was born near Springhill, Augusta County, but came to
Charlottesville with his parents when quite a small lad and was
a primary pupil in the private school of Thomas Woodson on
176 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
High Street. He attended various schools in Charlottesville,
ending with two years in the Albemarle Military Institute un-
der Colonel John Bowie Strange.
N. A. TERRELL.
N. A. Terrell enlisted in Carrington's Battery of Artillery
in April, 1862, and joined General Jackson at Harper's Ferry.
His battery was actively engaged in the battle of Port Repub-
lic, preventing the enemy from burning the bridge, and re-
ceived high praise from General Jackson, who said, " I am
glad to see that you could render me such efficient service with
your raw recruits." He was afterwards made bugler for the
battery and promoted to Headquarters' Bugler of Cutshaw's
Battalion. He served in all the battles of any importance,
namely, Seven Day Battles around Richmond, Fredericksburg,
Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Mine Run, Gettysburg, Bell
Grove, Cedar Creek, Winchester, and closed his service at Ap-
pomattox.
He is one of the few who did General Lee a favor on the
battlefield, and saw the last shot fired on the enemy at Appo-
mattox by Cumberland G. Dodd of Poague's Battalion. He is
now engaged in the jewelry business in Charlottesville.
ROBERT CARSON VANDEGRIFT.
R. C. Vandegrift was a member of the Monticello Guard
when that organization was ordered to the front to take part
in the War between the States.
The guard became a part of the Nineteenth Virginia Infan-
try, Pickett's Division, Longstreet's Corps, Army of Northern
Virginia.
After the battle of Gettysburg he was transferred and pro-
moted to a sergeantcy in Company G, First Engineers, Army
of Northern Virginia, in which capacity he served until the
surrender at Appomattox.
He was with the immortal Lee at the surrender. He served
all four years of the war and was wounded but once, and that
was at the Second Battle of Manassas.
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 177
CHARLES EDWARD WATTS.
I am one of six brothers who. served in the Army of North-
ern Virginia in defense of Southern rights.
I enlisted in Company H, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, at
the time it was organized and commanded by John T. Ellis
(afterward Lieutenant Colonel), who was killed at Gettysburg.
In the fall of 1861, I transferred to Whitehead's Company,
Second Virginia Cavalry, with which I served in most of the
raiding, scouting, and fighting experiences of that company
until May 6th, 1864, when I was disabled by a gunshot wound
through the body. I was at First Manassas and received a
slight wound at Stevensburg, where I also had my horse killed.
In 1865, being pronounced permanently disabled for field
service, I secured, through General Wickham, a detail from the
Secretary of War to "go to school," with orders to report at
Charlottesville.
G. S. WEBB.
I was a member of the Charlottesville Band when the war
broke out and went to war as a member of Company A, Nine-
teenth Virginia Regiment, Monticello Guard, and served as a
member of the band one year. Then the band disbanded, and
I enlisted as a private in the same regiment. I was wounded
on the 6th day of April, 1865, and was sent to prison at Point
Lookout. I left there on the 24th day of June, 1865, for home.
W. C. WEBB.
W. C. Webb, son of Captain Spottswood Webb, left Char-
lottesville in April, 1861, with the Monticello Guard (of which
organization he was already a member), Company A, Nine-
teenth Virginia Regiment.
At Culpeper Court House he was detailed a member of the
regimental band, and remained a member of the same until the
reorganization of the army. He then reenlisted for the war
and was detailed as bugler, with rank of sergeant, and contin-
ued to serve in that capacity until the surrender of the army at
Appomattox Court House in April, 1865.
178 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
JOSEPH N. WHEAT.
Joseph N. Wheat served during the Civil War in Company
D, Sixth Virginia Cavalry, participating in the battles of
Brandy Station, Trevillian's, Stewart's raid around McClellan,
and Yellow Tavern. He was captured September 19th, 1864,
at the battle of Winchester, and was paroled June 15th, 1865.
E. W. WILKERSON.
E. W. Wilkerson resided in Orange County at the beginning
of the war and enlisted in Company C, Thirteenth Virginia In-
fantry. This regiment was known as the "Bloody Thirteenth,"
and was reputed to be the best regiment in the army. It was
commanded by General A. P. Hill, General Terrell, General
James A. Walker, Colonel Goodman and Colonel Crittenden.
Wilkerson shared in this distinguished honor, participating in
the battles of Hatcher's Run, Winchester, Cold Harbor, Fish-
er's Hill, Wilderness and Spottsylvania, and lives to enjoy this
honored and hard-won distinction.
THOMAS JEFFERSON WILLIAMS.
Thomas Jefferson Williams, son of David Williams, has re-
sided in Charlottesville for sixty-two years and is one of our
oldest citizens. He entered the Confederate army in 1861 as
a member of Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, and
served the four years of war. He has been an active member
of our camp since its organization. He has been chief of the
Charlottesville Fire Department for many years and holds the
unique position of being the oldest fire chief known.
EDWARD B. WILLIS.
Edward B. Willis enlisted in the Richmond Light Infantry
Blues, Company A, Forty-sixth Virginia Regiment, Wise's
Legion, in August, 1861.
He was taken prisoner, with his command, in the battle of
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 179
Roanoke Island, North Carolina, February 8th, 1862, and was
paroled on the 21st of February, 1862, at Elizabeth City, North
Carolina. He was exchanged and reentered the service in
August, 1862. In 1863 he was transferred to Company A,
Fifteenth Virginia Regiment, Corse's Brigade, but was dis-
charged from field service that same year on account of physi-
cal disabilities. He was detailed to the Quartermaster's De-
partment under Major W. B. Richards, at Gordonsville, Vir-
ginia, in 1864. Still later in 1864 he was transferred to the
Quartermaster's Department under Captain T. W. Wood, at
Charlottesville, Virginia, where he remained until the war
ended in April, 1865.
A. COKE WINGFIELD.
A. Coke Wingfield enlisted in the Confederate army from
Albemarle County in Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Infan-
try, at the beginning of the war, and served until the close.
He took part in the battles of Williamsburg, First Manassas
and Seven Pines. Having been wounded at Seven Pines, he
was detailed for special work at Charlottesville, where he re-
mained until the surrender. He resides near Hardware
Church, Albemarle County.
J. R. WINGFIELD.
J. R. Wingfield was born December 14th, 1845. He re-
signed from the Virginia Military Institute and volunteered in
the Army of Northern Virginia, Second Regiment Virginia
Cavalry, Company E, about the middle of April, 1864. He
says :
"After General Grant crossed the Rappahannock I partici-
pated in three days' fighting — the fifth, sixth and seventh of
May — our division of cavalry being on General Lee's right
wing.
"On the evening of the seventh of May, General Grant
threw a heavy force of infantry which attacked us near Todd's
180 SKETCHES OF THE LIVING
Tavern, and our line of dismounted cavalry was outflanked.
Colonel Munford, in command of our brigade, ordered me to
take his horse and ride down the line to give the order to fall
back. In so doing I was shot through the right lung.
The regiment fell back immediately afterwards. I became
a prisoner and was removed to a field hospital, where I was
left, unparoled, when General Grant moved his army to the
left in his advance on Richmond.
"I recovered from my wound sufficiently to rejoin the army
the latter part of .February, 1865, and participated in the bat-
tle of Five Forks and in several minor engagements, of which
I can mention Amelia Springs and High Bridge near Farm-
ville, on the retreat from Petersburg."
M. WALKER WINGFIELD.
M. Walker Winfield was the son of Colonel F. F. Wingfield,
and was one of five brothers to enter the Confederate army at
the beginning of the war. He enlisted in Company A, Nine-
teenth Virginia Infantry, and participated in the battles of
First Manassas, Williamsburg and Seven Pines. Having been
wounded at Seven Pines, he was detailed for special service at
Charlottesville until the close of the war. He resides with his
son in Charlottesville, Virginia.
W. H. WOLFE.
W. H. Wolfe enlisted in the Confederate army in May, 1861.
in Company I, Twenty-fourth Virginia Infantry, Kemper's
Brigade, Pickett's Division. He was engaged in the following
battles: Williamsburg, May 5th, 1862; Seven Pines, May 31st,
1862; battle of Plymouth, N. C., April 20th, 1863; Drury's
Bluff, in May, 1864; Cold Harbor, June 3rd, 1864; Hatcher's
Run, March, 1865; Five Fork's, April 1st, 'l865.
He was wounded at Seven Pines and disabled for several
months. At Five Forks he was taken prisoner and carried to
Point Lookout, where he remained a prisoner of war until
SKETCHES OF THE LIVING 181
June 22nd, when he returned to Charlottesville, June 26th,
1865.
His brother, Luther T. Wolfe, enlisted in April, 1861, in
Company B, Nineteenth Virginia Infantry, Pickett's Division.
He was in nearly every battle in which his division participated
and was badly wounded in the Second Battle of Manassas, and
again at Gettysburg. He was promoted from the ranks to the
position of Sergeant-Major for his bravery, which position he
held until mortally wounded in the battle of Cold Harbor, June
3rd, 1864, from which wound he died the following day.
Dedication of Monuments
THE MONUMENT IN UNIVERSITY CEMETERY.
Extracts
From Address at the Dedication of the Monument to the
Confederate Dead, University of Virginia,
June 7th, 1893.
BY MAJOR ROBERT STILES.
On the outskirts of the historic city of Virginia, between it
and the great battle fields, out of the midst of sixteen thousand
graves, rises a simple granite shaft with this inscription :
"The epitaph of the soldier who falls with his country is
written in the hearts of those who love the right and honor
the brave."
Today, in this silent camp, we unveil another sentinel stone,
bearing this legend:
"Fate denied them Victory, but clothed them with glorious
Immortality."
There is a naked simplicity and sincerity of right in the man
who defends his hearth-stone, which does not belong to him
who invades it. Let' it never be forgotten that this God-im-
planted, spontaneous, irrepressible right was on our side in the
late war, and that it tore away from their quiet studies here
and hurried to the front, largely over one-half of the 604 stu-
dents at this institution in the spring of 1861, while there
joined the first army of invasion but 73 out of the 896 students
on the roll of great Harvard the same year. It gave to the
Confederate service, from 1861 to 1865, more than 2,000 men
of our University, of whom it buried in soldiers' graves more
than 400, while but 1,040 Harvard men served in the armies
and navies of the United States during the four years of the
war, and only 155 of these lost their lives in the service.
MONUMENT TO THE FOURTEEN HUNDRED CONFEDERATE DEAD IN THE
CEMETERY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 183
Lee.
The most eloquent tongues and pens of two continents have
labored to present, with fitting eulogy, the character and ca-
reer of the great Cavalier, who is today recognized, the world
over, as the representative of the soldiery of the South. Not
only is it true of him that he uniformly acted from the high-
est motive presented to his soul, but so impressive and all-
compelling was the majesty of his virtue, that it is doubtful
whether any one ever questioned this. It is perhaps not too
much to say, that the common consensus of Christendom-
friend and foe and neutral — ranks him as one of the greatest
captains of the ages, and attributes to him more of the noblest
virtues and powers, with less of the ordinary weakness and
littleness of humanity, than to any other representative man in
history.
Indeed, if commissioned to select a man to represent the
race, in a congress of universal being, whither would yon turn
to find a loftier representative than Robert Edward Lee?
Jackson.
What, now, of our marvellous Roundhead?
This certainly, that the world believes in his intense religion
and( his supreme genius for war, and receives every fresh rev-
elation of him with something of the profound and eager in-
terest that attaches to the abnormal and the miraculous. In
explaining the apparent presumption of this humble contribu-
tion, I can not avoid the egotism of a personal explanation.
Probably no two general officers in the Confederate service
knew more of the inner being of Stonewall Jackson and his
characteristics as a soldier, than General D. H. Hill and Gen-
eral Ewell — the former his brother-in-law, the latter his trusted
lieutenant. It was my privilege to be honored with the per-
sonal friendship of both these officers — General Hill early in
the war, General Ewell later. Both talked freely with me of
Jackson and I eagerly absorbed from both all I could concern-
ing him.
General Hill, during the winter of 1861-2, frequently ex-
184 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
pressed to me his unbounded confidence in Jackson's un-
bounded genius, and predicted that, if the war should last six
years, and Jackson live so long, he would be in supreme com-
mand.
Dear, queer, chivalric, lovable "Dick Ewell" first worshipped
Stonewall Jackson, and then Stonewall Jackson's God. With
his own lips he told me, what is related with slight variation in
Mrs. Jackson's life of her husband, that the first religious im-
pression of which he was ever conscious took the form of a
desire to get hold of the wondrous power which inspired his
great commander after prayer. Elymas the sorcerer, Simon
Magus, if you please — but dear old Dick's simony led him up
to "pure and undefiled religion." Ewell used to say the secret
of Jackson's success as a soldier lay in his emphasis of the
maxim, "Time is everything in war" — more than numbers,
preparation, armament — more even than all these and all else.
I am satisfied this is but part of the secret.
My father was a minister of the gospel, but possessed strong
military instincts and would have made a superb soldier. He
was a sort of chaplain-general in the army of Northern Vir-
ginia, and spent much of his time and did much of his work in
the lightning corps of Jackson. Being an intense Christian and
an intense Calvinist, he and Jackson became warm friends,
and he was much at headquarters, even in the General's tent.
I distinctly recall his saying, "If required to state wherein
Jackson differed most from other men, and wherein lay the
great secret of his power, I should say he came nearer putting
God in God's place, than any other human soul I ever met."
A Member of the Stonewall Brigade.
During the winter of 1864-5, two or three of General Alex-
ander's field officers, First Corps Artillery, A. N. V., were sent
to Chaffin's Bluff, for the purpose of toning up the garrison
there, which had been demoralized by the disaster at Fort Har-
rison, the capture of their commanding officer and other unto-
ward incidents. The morale of the men had decidedly im-
proved before the final crash came, but that was enough to try
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 185
the mettle even of the best troops in the highest condition. The
men of the fleet and of the James River defenses were ordered
to leave the river about midnight of the 2nd of April, explod-
ing magazines and iron clads, and joining the army of North-
ern Virginia on its retreat. The troops at Chaffin's, having
been long in garrison and rightly deeming this the beginning
of the end, were greatly shaken by the orders, and the sublime ,
terrors of that fearful night certainly did nothing to steady
them.
The explosions began just as we got across the river. When
the magazines at Chaffin's and Drury's Bluffs went off, the
solid earth shuddered convulsively ; but, as the iron clads, one
after the other, exploded, it seemed as if the very dome of
heaven would be shattered down upon us. Earth and air and
the black sky glared in the lurid light. Columns and towers
and pinnacles of flame shot upward to an amazing height, from
which, on all sides, the ignited shell flew on arches of fire and
burst as if bombarding heaven. I distinctly remember feeling
that, after this, I could never more be startled, no, not by the
catastrophes of the last great day.
I walked in rear of the battalion to prevent straggling, and
as the successive flashes illumined the cimmerian darkness, the
blanched faces and staring eyes turned backward upon me
spoke volumes of nervous demoralization. I felt that a hare
might shatter the column.
We halted at daylight at a country cross-road in Chester-
field, to allow other bodies of troops to pass, the bulk of my
men lying down and falling asleep in a grove; but, seeing oth-
ers about a well in the yard of a farm house over the way, I
deemed it best to go there, to see .that nothing was unnecessa-
rily disturbed.
I sat in the porch, where were also sitting an old couple, evi-
dently the joint head of the establishment, and a young woman
dressed in black, apparently their daughter, and, as I soon
learned, a soldier's widow. My coat was badly torn, and the
young woman kindly offering to mend it, I thanked her and,
taking it off, handed it to her. While we were chatting, and
groups of men sat on the steps and lay about the yard, the door
186 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
of the house opened and another young woman appeared. She
was almost beautiful, was plainly but neatly dressed, and had
her hat on. She had evidently been weeping, and her face was
deadly pale. Turning to the old lady as she came out, she
said, cutting her words off short, "Mother! tell him if he passes
by here, he is no husband of mine," and turned again to leave
the porch. I rose, and placing myself directly in front of her,
extended my arm to prevent her escape. She drew back with
surprise and indignation. The men were alert on the instant,
and battle was joined.
"What do you mean sir?" she cried.
"I mean, madam," I replied, "that you are sending your
husband word to desert, and that I cannot permit you to do this
in the presence of my men."
"Indeed! and who asked your permission, sir? And pray,
sir, is he your husband or mine?"
"He is your husband, madam, but these are my soldiers.
They and I belong to the same army with your husband and I
cannot suffer you or anyone, unchallenged, to send such a
demoralizing message in their hearing."
"Army! do you call this mob of retreating cowards an
army ? Soldiers ! if you are soldiers, why don't you stand
and fight the savage wolves that are coming upon us defense-
less women and children?"
"We don't stand and fight, madam, because we are soldiers,
and have to obey orders, but if the enemy should appear on
that hill this moment, I think you would find that these men
are soldiers, and willing to die in defense of women and
children."
"Quite a fine speech, sir, but rather cheap to utter, since you
very well know the Yankees are not here, and won't be, till
you've had time to get your precious carcasses out of the way.
Besides, sir, this thing is over, and has been for some time. The
government has now actually run off, bag and baggage, the
Lord knows where, and there is no longer any government or
any country for my husband to owe allegiance to. He does
owe allegiance to me, and to his starving children, and if he
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 187
doesn't observe this allegiance now, when I need him, he
needn't attempt it hereafter, when he wants me."
The woman was quick as a flash and cold as steel. She was
getting the better of me. She saw it, I felt it, and worst of all,
the men saw and felt it too, and had gathered thick and pressed
up close, all around the porch. There must have been a hun-
dred or more of them, all eagerly listening and evidently lean-
ing strongly to the woman's side.
This would never do.
I tried every avenue of approach to that woman's heart. It
was either congealed by suffering, or else it was encased in
adamant. She had parried every thrust, repelled every ad-
vance, and was now standing defiant, with her arms folded
across her breast, rather courting further attack. I was des-
perate, and, with the nonchalance of pure desperation — no
stroke of genius — I asked the soldier question:
"What command does your husband belong to?"
She started a little, and there was a slight trace of color in
her face, as she replied, with a slight tone of pride in her voice :
"He belongs to the Stonewall Brigade, sir."*
I felt rather than thought it, but had I really found her
heart? We would see.
"When did he join it?"
A little deeper flush, a little stronger emphasis of pride.
"He joined it in the spring of '61, sir."
Yes, I was sure of it now. Her eyes had gazed straight into
mine ; her head inclined and her eyelids drooped a little now,
and there was something in her face that was not pain and
was not fight. So I let myself out a little, and turning to the
men, said:
"Men, if her husband joined the Stonewall Brigade in '61,
*The Stonewall Brigade was, of course, not so named until after
the first battle of Manassas, and it did not exist as an organization
after May, 1864; but men who had at any time belonged to one of
the regiments that composed it, ever after claimed membership in the
brigade. Among soldiers of the Army of Northern Virginia, and
yet more among their families and friends, once of "The Stonewall
Brigade," always of that immortal corps.
188 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
and has been in the army ever since, I reckon he is a good sol-
dier."
I turned to look at her. It was all over. Her wifehood had
conquered. She had not been addressed this time.
Yet she answered instantly, with head raised high, face
flushing, eyes flashing.
"General Lee hasn't a better in his army."
As she uttered these words, she put her hand in her bosom
and drawing out a folded paper extended it toward me, say-
ing:
"If you doubt it, look at that."
Before her hand reached mine she drew it back, seeming to
have changed her mind, but I caught her wrist, and, without
much resistence on her part, possessed myself of the paper.
It had been much thumbed and was much worn. It was hardly
legible, but I made it out. Again I turned to the men.
"Take your hats off, boys. I want you to hear this with un-
covered heads." And then I read an endorsement on applica-
tion for furlough, in which General Lee himself" had signed a
recommendation of this woman's husband for a furlough of
special length, on account of special gallantry in battle.
During the reading of this paper the woman was transfig-
ured, glorified. No madonna of old master was ever more
sweetly radiant with all that appeals to what is best and holiest
in man. Her bosom rose and fell with deep, quiet sighs ; her
eyes rained gentle, happy tears.
The men felt it all — all. They were all gazing upon her, but
the dross was clean purified out of them. There was not, upon
any one of their faces, an expression that would have brought
a blush to the cheek of the purest womanhood on earth. I
turned once more to the soldier's wife:
"This little paper is your most precious jewel, isn't it?"
"It is."
"And the love of him whose manly courage and devotion
won this tribute is the best blessing God ever gave you, isn't
it?"
"It is."
"And yet, for the brief ecstasy of one kiss, you would dis-
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 189
grace this hero husband of yours, stain all his noble reputation,
and turn this priceless little paper to bitterness ; for, the rear-
guard would hunt him from his own cottage, in half an hour,
as a deserter and a coward."
Not a sound could be heard save her hurried breathing. The
rest of us held even our breath.
Suddenly, with a gasp of recovered consciousness, she
snatched the paper from my hand, put it back hurriedly in her
bosom, and, turning once more to her mother, said :
"Mother, tell him not to come."
I stepped aside at once. She left the porch, glided down the
path to the gate, crossed the road, surmounted the fence with
easy grace, climbed the hill, and, as she disappeared in the
weedy pathway I caught up my hat and said :
"Now men, give her three cheers."
Such cheers ! O God ! shall I ever again hear a cheer which
bears a man's whole soul in it!
I could have hurled that battalion against an embattled world.
The Monument Unveiled.
Comrades :
We are about to unveil a monument to "The Confederate
Dead" — but, one interesting feature of this occasion is its ten-
der association with a Confederate, thank God, yet living.
When little Sallie Baker shall draw aside yonder veil, and
reveal the noble figure behind* it, her act will also serve to re-
call the pathetic figure of the hero father to whose superb gal-
lantry she owes her distinguished part in the ceremonies of
this hour — comrade James B. Baker, a soldier who never fal-
tered till he fell, and who had borne his wounds as bravely as
he had worn his sword.
And now, we leave this holy acre, we close this holy hour.
We turn again to what we call "life." We leave these gallant
brothers whom we call "dead." Yes, leave them here in silence
and with God.
God will distill the gentlest dews of heaven upon these flow-
190 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
ers. He will direct the mildest stars of heaven upon these
graves. God and his angels will guard their repose until the
roses bloom again, then we will return and renew our flowers
and our -faith.
THE MONUMENT IN COURT SQUARE.
BY J. H. LINDSAY.
The Confederate monument which stands in the Court House
Square, in the City of Charlottesville, was unveiled May 5th,
1909, the anniversary of the organization of the Monticello
Guard (Company A, Nineteenth Virginia Regiment).
One of the largest crowds ever seen in Charlottesville wit-
nessed the ceremony, which was preceded by a procession which
included the local Masonic orders, the Albemarle band, Monti-
cello Guard, Confederate Veterans, Sons of Veterans, Univer-
sity band and students, Fire Company with drum corps, and
1200 children of the public schools carrying Confederate flags.
Captain H. Clay Michie acted as general marshal. The exer-
cises at the monument were in charge of Widows' Sons' Lodge
No. 60 A. F. and A. M. Miss Sallie Stuart Woods, daughter
of Captain Micajah Woods, drew the veil from the shaft, and
as she did so the Monticello Guard fired a salute, which was
followed by a salute of thirteen guns fired from the two twelve
pound Napoleon guns recently presented by the U. S. Gov-
ernment, and placed on either side of the monument.
Captain McCarthy's Speech.
The first speaker of the day was Captain Carlton McCarthy
of Richmond. Captain McCarthy -began his address with a
graceful tribute to truth, upon which we must rely since his-
toric details fade away. He claimed for the Confederate dead
far more than courage, devotion and sacrifice, insisting that
their cause was a righteous cause, their service intelligent and
honorable, and their principles fixed in eternal truth. He painted
Robert E. Lee as the typical Confederate soldier, who gave all
MONUMENT TO CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS
OF THE CITY OF CHARLOTTESVILLE AND COUNTY OF ALBEMARLE
Dedicated May 5th, /pop
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 191
and refused everything, and who, if living, would not consent
to be lauded at the expense of the cause he served. "Who, of all
his critics," said the speaker, "has been his equal or worthy to
be his judge? He was a man akin to truth in that he needed
not much from any source." Captain McCarthy resented the
thought that the monuments in the South stand to honor trea-
son, for not one of all the host of that section has been con-
victed. The great monument for all the South will be reared,
sculptured, adorned and unveiled when the world sees the
truth. "Even the ministers of good things are like torches — a
light to others ; waste and destruction to themselves." What
glorious torches flamed and burned when those we meet to
honor lighted up for a while the whole world !
Touching upon emancipation as one of the great results com-
monly claimed for the war, Captain McCarthy contended that
slavery was not abolished, but changed in form and degree,
and in its victims. It is more widely distributed than the slav-
ery of the blacks, since it is a change from the blacks to all, and
from one section to the whole land. The real freedom is to
come out of the past through the reestablishment of the public
virtues which unhallowed and wicked power had destroyed.
The overthrown ideals of civic virtue and patriotic sacrifice
must be restored and the noble history of this State reenacted
in the lives of their growing sons. We are the minority, but the
majority is not necessarihy in possession of the sum of all virtue,
truth or justice. By its power the imperishable principles may
be set aside. The majority needs restraining; it needs law. In
this land the constitution is the law and the restraint. When the
majority rebels against that, it is a tyrant.
The spiritual things which our poor monuments strive to ex-
press, the inspiring motive of the "immortal deeds," surviving
the wreck of worlds, will be the firm realities of eternity. The
ideal but absent good of this life will be the very atmosphere of
the new heavens and the new earth. The hope of heroes is es-
tablished in the very topography, and lights the landscapes of
eternity. Sentiments which here and now are a mere breath
may be granite boulders in the land of the mysterious ideal.
The poet's dream will be there, and the vision of the seer. The
192 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
myraid prayers of countless hosts of all ages will perfume the
air. Shall we not see then our heroic dead trooping up from
the valley of death to inhabit forever the immortal plains!
The vague longings of our souls, the grief, the fear, the bit-
ter agony of parting, may all appear worked into the architec-
ture of the many mansions with exquisite beauty, and even the
blackness of despair may add new bursts of gorgeous color to
the panorama of an endless life.
Major Daniel's Address.
Captain McCarthy was followed by Senator John W. Dan-
iel who discussed with his old time vigor and felicity many of
the campaigns of the Civil War, and revived the romance of
that struggle with Lee, Jackson, Forrest and many others as
the heroes of his moving tale. It was inevitable that he should
use the witchery of his eloquence in praise of the Confederate
soldier and of the Confederate women, who, more than the sol-
dier, in his view, deserved to be remembered with eternal grati-
tude for their sacrifices.
He retold vividly the story of the final interview between Lee
and Grant at Appomattox, and attributed great dignity and gen-
erosity to the conquering chieftain in that memorable confer-
ence.
A number of old soldiers and others, who loved with equal
devotion the memories of the war, grouped about the speaker,
applauded him liberally, and were proud, as Senator Daniel him-
self declared, that he was one of the boys in the great strug-
gle of '61-65.
Congressman McCall.
Congressman S. J. McCall, of Massachusetts, followed Sena-
tor Daniel in a brief but eloquent speech.
Reunion and Banquet.
At six o'clock in the evening the survivors of the Albemarle
Light Horse, Company K, Second Virginia Cavalry, held a re-
union and banquet at the Colonial Hotel.
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 193
Captain Micajah Woods, chairman of the organization, pre-
sided as toastmaster. General Munford delivered a very beau-
tiful and touching address to the members of his own company.
He announced that he had reached his seventy-eighth year, but
he looked quite as gay as when he led his troops in action with
a prowess not surpassed by Henry of Navarre.
Congressman McCall, of Massachusetts, in response to a sen-
timent, delivered a very delightful address, capturing the old
veterans and his audience by his wit and eloquence.
The remarks of the Boston Congressman were liberally
applauded, and the concensus of opinion among those who heard
this gentleman's speech during the unveiling ceremonies and
those who heard his remarks at night, is that he is a broad-
minded and liberal statesman, and our people highly appreciate
his coming among us and participating with us in the exercises
attending the unveiling of the Confederate monument.
Senator Daniel responded in very eloquent terms and re-
ceived a loving ovation from his old comrades.
MONUMENT TO COL. JOHN BOWIE STRANGE, C. S. A.,
APPROPRIATELY AND ELOQUENTLY
DEDICATED.
In the old historic Court House, Albemarle's Hall of Fame,
with its galaxy of distinguished jurists, advocates and soldiers,
were assembled, in December, 1916, the followers of the daunt-
less leader of the famous Nineteenth Virginia Infantry. Thither
came also the ever-present • Daughters of the Confederacy, the
Sons of Veterans, and a host of admiring friends, drawn to-
gether with a common and united purpose to hear the eloquent
tribute of Judge Duke to the memory of an honored and beloved
soldier. In the unavoidable absence of Commander, Major C.
M. Bolton, Captain H. Clay Michie, Past Commander of the
Camp, presided, expressing great pleasure at being permitted to
participate on such an occasion, and regretting that the unfa-
vorable weather had prevented the exercises being held at the
monument.
194 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
Dr. Battle's Prayer.
The Chaplain, Dr. George L. Petrie, being absent, the Rev-
erend Dr. Henry W. Battle invoked the Divine blessing, in the
following words : "Thou great and gracious God, we thank
Thee that in every age Thou has raised up men capable of un-
selfish heroism. We rejoice that in every generous bosom Thou
has planted a chord that thrills sympathetically to the story of
the sacrifice of life itself for country and the right. We have
assembled to pay tribute to the memory of one who, in martyr
spirit, wore the white flower of a stainless life into the sepul-
chred chambers of death.
"Comrades and friends have honored themselves in erecting
this monument, thereby giving evidence of soul kinship with
the hero whose noble virtues and deeds of courage fill our
thoughts and swell our bosoms today. And so, God of our
fathers, may it ever be! May no day that finds on Virginia's
historic soil a people unappreciative of sublime courage, or un-
grateful for supreme sacrifice, ever dawn. Oh keep us and
those who shall come after us, we beseech Thee, true to a glori-
ous past; then, shall we, guided and upheld by Thy spirit, se-
renely meet, with unfaltering trust, whatever tests the un-
known future may bring to our land. Our Country's God, in
the midst of world-wide turmoil, conflict and distress, we hum-
bly invoke upon our entire people Thy blessing, and the inspira-
tion of that .Spirit that kindles and nurtures the rlame of self-
sacrificing heroism in the human breast. Bowing before Thy
great throne today, we beseech Thy favor through Jesus Christ,
the Savior. Amen.
After the invocation the local quintet of the Sons of Veterans
rendered appropriate selections of music.
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 195
Judge Duke's Address.
Captain H. Clay Michie, the presiding officer, introduced
Judge R. T. W. Duke in a few appropriate remarks.
Judge Duke spoke as follows :
Comrades of the John Bowie Strange Camp, Daughters of
the Confederacy, Ladies and Gentlemen :
I feel a great pity for the man who could have stood today
where we were expected to stand, around the simple granite
monument erected to Colonel Strange, without feeling his pulse
beat high and every noble emotion aroused in his bosom. The
place is a simple place, a very modest graveyard. The great
oaks shadow part of it and the younger maples bud in the
spring time and blush later with the touch of the autumn sun.
And yet it is holy ground. Xo man can stand by the granite
monument that today you have come to dedicate without think-
ing of the sacred dust that sleeps within that little God's acre
and realizing that it is among the most sacred spots on earth.
Westminister Abbey with all its magnificence, with all of the
great names that meet you at every step you take within that
historic fane, becomes a mere nothing to me when I stand yon-
der where sleep the ashes dearer to me than any ashes can be
on this earth. And almost within touch of that noble man who
was my exemplar and the author of my being, my father and
my friend — who taught me what the fatherhood of God meant
and later on the brotherhood of man — almost within a step are
men who fought under him and some of whom fought, bled
and died along with the noble gentleman in whose memory we
are meeting today. Just a step away lies Colonel J. Thompson
Brown, dead at the moment of victory; a step nearer lies the
youngest brigadier general of the time and two other soldiers,
his kinsmen, who were sacrificed on the altar of their country.
And just on the other hand, but a step away, the gallant young
adjutant of my father's company, William Alexander, who en-
tered that company as adjutant and followed him, and later fol-
lowed his regiment, until at Hatcher's Run he gave up his life
for his native Commonwealth. Hardly had the couch from
which his dead body had been removed grown cold ere a cousin
196 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
was laid in it, shot in the arm — that dear old veteran, Andrew
Craven, who still lives in a vigorous old age, and who if not
here in person is here in spirit with us today. But another step
away from Colonel Strange's monument is an assemblange of
humble modest slabs dedicated to the memories of men who
died in the hospital here, and the cemetery at the University
not having been established, their bodies were buried by Lodge
No. 60 of the Masonic order of which they were members.
But a step away I noticed only this morning the tomb of a
young man from Alabama, but nineteen years of age, and his
epitaph, "He gave his life for his country." And a step further
down, where I never look at the little bit of modest marble that
I do not feel a strange thought of pity for the body of the young
Corsican which lies there : a member of my father's company
who was but eighteen years of age when he gave his life for his
adopted country and a worthier and a better man than the great
Corsican who sleeps now in the shadow of the Invalides. It is
holy ground; it is ground on which men should tread lightly
and with uncovered heads ; it is ground of which this commu-
nity should be proud and whose care to the utmost end of time
should 'be their sacred duty, even when those of this and the
new generation have passed away. And the man for whose
memory this monument has come into being was hi every sense
as great a man as many who sleep in Westminister Abbey, in
St. Paul's and Les Invalides, or in any of the great structures
of the world.
John Bowie Strange was a soldier from his childhood; he
taught men to be soldiers ; he led men who were soldiers, and he
died a soldier's death. In a few brief moments I shall give you
a short summary of his life. He was born in old Fluvanna
County, once a part of Albemarle. . He entered the Virginia
Military Institute in 1842 and was one of the first graduates in
the first class of that institution. I take it he was a State stu-
dent— toothing for a man to be ashamed of in those days. There,
in accordance with an old rule in that institution, he obligated
himself to give two years of his life to the education of the
young in exchange for the bounty of the State. In accordance
with that obligation, John Bowie Strange went to the city of
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 197
Norfolk and there taught for a couple of years, and at the end
of that time organized a military school in the city of Norfolk.
He taught with success, and finally came back to his old home
and to the city of Charlottesville in 1856. He taught for a
while in that old block of buildings we older men speak of as
the "post office," and which is sometimes spoken of today as
the McKee block,* though with the old men that would not be
understood unless you spoke of it as the old "post office." It
stands there as the corner building of the block — at the inter-
section of Jefferson Street and the alley between the Court
House and the block. Colonel Strange commenced his teaching
in Charlottesville in that building and then moved his school to
the end of Ridge Street, erecting those three buildings that some
of you can remember, on the southern end of the street, the last
of which was pulled down only a few years ago. The house of
Dr. Sparks is now upon the site of one of these buildings. He
established there and built up one of the finest military schools
in the State; a school well noted all over the country for its
teachers and teaching. I should have said that when he first
came to Charlottesville he did not commence his teaching in the
building first alluded to as the old post office building, but went
first to Bloomfield — not having written what I am saying, I may
be somewhat discursive — and he taught there for two years be-
fore he came here. Colonel Strange had as teacher with him
the afterwards celebrated Professor Toy, the great Hebraist of
Harvard, and L. M. Blackford, afterwards the great principal
of the Episcopal High School. Bloomfield was some few miles
beyond the University of Virginia, and he taught in a school
kept by Mr. Tebbs and then Mr. English. After he finished
teaching there he came to Charlottesville. Of his pupils I know
of five today that are living. One I see here is Comrade Fife,
who has furnished me with some of the facts, and there are
Frank Lobban, Nat Terrell, S. B. Yates and John Dobbins.
It is from some of these men that I have had the pleasure of
hearing personal testimony as to Colonel Strange's ability, not
*Editor's Note: The square just west of the Court House; now
converted into Jackson Park.
198 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
only as a •disciplinarian but as a teacher — a man who had the
ability to impart the knowledge he possesssed. Pie put into his
pupils the desire to increase their knowledge and at the same
time taught them strict discipline and the power of controlling
themselves. That school had one hundred pupils at the begin-
ning of the Civil War, and like its great neighbor, the Univer-
sity of Virginia, it closed with one consent, and I suppose that
every pupil entered the Confederate service when he 'became
old enough to do so. Colonel Strange at once volunteered his
services and was elected Colonel of the Nineteenth Virginia
Regiment, that splendid 'body of men upon whose banners nearly
every great battle named in Virginia could have been inscribed ;
which marched from victory to victory, and only surrendered
when their great chieftain told them the hour of surrender had
come.
Fellow citizens, we do not realize the legacy that this hon-
orable regiment has left us, for the greatest legacy that man can
leave to man is the legacy of an honorable name, and this, the
immortal Nineteenth has left to this country. Colonel Strange
carried into his regiment the same ability for discipline and en-
couragement that he carried into his school. His regiment was
noted for discipline, and it was noted for the ability of its men
to do what they were told without questioning. Had Colonel
Strange lived, no doubt his ability would have been recognized
further and he might have been able to command the brigade
in which the splendid regiment fought its way into immortal-
ity ; but it was to be otherwise.
At the 'battle of Boonesboro it was his fate to lead his reg-
iment into the thick of the battle. The account of his death
was brought to the attention of his kinspeople and friends in a
strange way long after his death. A package of bloodstained
papers was sent to one of his friends or relatives by a Federal
officer, who stated that he took them from the body of a Con-
federate colonel who was killed at Boonesboro. The same
courage that actuated him all through his life carried him
through that day. He had been wounded and was lying upon
the ground and the surging ranks of the enemy were approach-
ing, but the idea of surrender never entered his mind. It was
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 199
so antagonistic to his nature, and he was so anxious to do
what he could to check the onslaught, that he drew his re-
volver, and raising himself, began to fire into the lines of the
enemy as they approached him, regardless of consequences.
This enemy bayoneted him where he lay and this package of
papers bore his life blood. His regiment sent his body home
and buried it in the old cemetery, and now today, fifty-four
years and nearly three months after his death, a stone has been
erected to hand down to posterity the name of this gallant gen-
tleman and soldier who died in defense of his native common-
wealth.
Chateaubriand has said, that "Monuments are for little men;
for the great, a stone and a name," and a truer thought was
never uttered. How soon a name fades away! Go into any
cemetery and walk along and unless something strange or ec-
centric attracts you, you pay no attention to names. You look
at epitaphs no matter where you go with a smile of apprecia-
tion of the sentiment. You may walk through the great halls
of Westminister Abbey where great kings and lords and ladies
lie buried, and their names mean nothing to you. The names
are quickly forgotten, but that which is carved upon the slabs
often makes the blood leap and the senses quicken. No man
can stop in (Westminister Abbey and see a little marble slab
upon the wall, where are inscribed John Wesley's last words,
"The best of all, God is with us," (though his ashes do not
sleep there) without feeling the strongest emotion; nor around
the corner where the few lines of Tennyson are inscribed to
the memory of that heroic sailor soul, and not stand in mute
reverence and profound admiration.
In future years, in walking through this cemetery and others
like it, the names of Strange, of Duke, or Brown or Zibana may
mean nothing, but when underneath are read these words "A
Confederate Soldier," no matter how many years have elapsed,
nothing will make them pause quicker than that sentence and
bow their heads before the honorable ashes of the honorable
men who fought for the most honorable cause that the world
has ever known. Xames mean but little. You may take the
great roll of the great Book of Books with its roll of heroes and
200 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
how many of them do you recall? You may take the names
with which St. Paul concludes his epistles, sending greetings to
this man and that man, and all of a sudden you come across one
name with a few words that tell you everything about that man
you want to know : "Appelles, approved in Christ." All the
biographies of the world couldn't give you any more informa-
tion that you might want to know about that man, because you
know his life was good and pure and noble and his end was
peace. So today the man who walks through these cemeteries
and finds those three words : "A Confederate Soldier," engraved
upon a man's monument, knows all about the man he wants to
know. He knows that he was a soldier ; that he was a hero ;
that he was true to his commonwealth, and being true to his
commonwealth, was true to his God. When Basil Gildersleeve,
the great professor of Greek of the University and of Johns
Hopkins, and the greatest philologist of the world, was asked to
select an epitaph for a slab that was to be erected to the dead
alumni of the Episcopal High School at Alexandria, he selected
the following from Ovid's Heroides : Qui bene pro patria cum
patriaque jacent — "Who nobly for their country with their
country fell." When you first consider it you think there is a
note of pessimism about it, but when you begin to reason; when
you think of the real meaning of the sentence, you come to an-
other conclusion, for if they nobly fell and their country fell
nobly with them, we, like the men of the Scriptures, may ex-
pect another and a better country to rise above the ruins of the
old.
We have a right to expect this, but no country can ever be
better than that country for which these men fought, and for
which these men died. For it was a country in which honor
represented everything and money but little ; it was a country of
pure policies, and it was a country of pure women and of brave,
inspired, honest men; it was a country where the right princi-
ples of government ruled ; where the whole of the beginning of
the government was based upon the home. Sometimes I begin
to wonder when I think of that country whether I have any
country now. That seems like a startling statement to make,
and I make it so as to make it startling. I wonder sometimes,
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 201
although I was but a boy when the war closed, whether I have
a country; for my country was Virginia, first, last and all the
time, and my country today is Virginia. Men may talk about
the glorious union of the states, and with reason. Virginia
helped to make it. Men may talk about the greatness of the
Federal Union. It is great. My people helped to make it great.
But with all of its greatness, from Maine to Texas, from Cali-
fornia to the Atlantic, but for the State of Virginia the Union
would never have existed, and without her, liberty upon this
continent would never have existed. That seems like a broad
and startling statement for me to make, and I am not going to
take up the time to prove it, but merely appeal to history. The
crises in this country have always been met and overcome by
Virginia and Virginians. The first blow for freedom upon this
continent was struck by Nathaniel Bacon in 1676, just one hun-
dred years before an Albemarle man wrote the Charter of Free-
dom; and it was another Virginian, George Washington, who
made it possible, not only on the battlefield, but in another strug-
gle, to unite all the parts of this great country together in a
more perfect union. And at all times, it makes no difference
when, Virginians have been at the fore; in '14, in '48, and in
'61 ; and I am glad to say that today, in this period of interna-
tional strife and struggle, a Virginian stands at the helm, please
God, and will tell us what to do and preserve this country in
peace with honor.
I say that I do not know that I have a country until I begin to
realize that I am a member, a citizen, of this great Common-
wealth, and being a citizen of it, I am a citizen of this Union.
I desire a better country ; I desire to make this country better —
this country whose foundation stones were cemented with the
blood of your compatriots ; ye men who fought for all that
makes any country great. For the need of a better country
grows apparent every day.
Often, when in the Northern states, I have been taunted with
the statement that this war in which you fought was a battle of
slaveholders against freedom. I sometimes wonder how many
men in the immortal Nineteenth owned slaves. I doubt if one-
half of them did. The Nineteenth Virginia Regiment did not
202
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
care any more about slaves than it cares today for the dead fly
in the ointment of the apothecary that lies in the buried cham-
ber of the pyramids. These men fought for and some died for
the principle of government by the states. That was what they
were fighting for, and that was the victory you struggled for.
And that country which you fought for and some died for, my
country, won the greatest country in the world, the country of
freedom, loyalty, virtue and purity, and your struggle was not
in vain to perpetuate it. The memory of your deeds and those
of the gallant soldier whose bravery and honor we commemo-
rate today will forever leave its mark upon this nation, and all
progress which it makes for betterment will bear the traces of
your self-sacrifice.
The night of the 16th of April, 1861, when you gathered on
this court green here, will ever live. I can almost see it now.
I can remember Colonel Strange on that occasion, the only time
I recall seeing him, and he was erect, with a remarkably keen
eye, a mustache and a goatee, bearing every mark of a soldier.
I can remember him that night, though, as I say, I cannot re-
member seeing him on any other occasion. I knew that sweet,
beautiful daughter of his, at the feet of whose loveliness and
beauty I laid a boyish devotion. She is gone now, and but one
of her father's children lives, I 'believe, in a far state. If some
one had told me that night that fifty odd years later I should
stand in this courthouse and speak to the survivors of you who
gathered there, as soldiers of a lost cause, I, a boy, even as I
was, would have laughed at the man who told me ; and today
I should say that you are not the survivors of a lost cause, but
a cause which has gained more for the good of your common
country than any other cause in the history of the world.
"The old order changeth, yielding place to new,
And God fulfills himself in many ways."
God's work is never wrong in this world. Nothing that He
ordains is ever lost. There is no movement in this world, from
the falling of a sparrow to the wreck of an empire, that is not
in some way God fulfilling himself. We may not be able to
understand it ; we cannot see it now ; we are like the weavers
LEE MONUMENT
GETTYSBURG NATIONAL PARK
Dedicated June 8th, 79/7
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 203
of the Gobelin tapestry, who work ever at the reverse of that
tapestry and do not know until their work is finished whether it
is to be sublimely beautiful or a complete failure. We know
that the time shall come when we shall see and understand the
meaning of the great pageant in which all of us have been hum-
ble workers, and you will recognize then that all the bitter
struggle through which you passed, and all the bitter memories
which come from a sense of failure, have been but a part in the
great design of the great God to fulfill himself. You shall see
then that your work has been a part of His work, and with Him
you shall pronounce it, as He did at the end of His creation,
"good."
THE WASHINGTON REUNION AND DEDICATION OF
THE LEE MONUMENT AT GETTYSBURG
(June 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th, 1917).
BY C. B. LINNEY.
It seldom falls to the lot of man to have more of communion
and good fellowship — not to say the making of history — than
that which made up the eventful days of June 5th, 6th and 7th,
1917, devoted to our veterans at the Washington Reunion. The
visit to the 'historic home of the Father of the Republic, which
nature with a lavish hand has embellished with so much charm
of situation and surroundings, to say nothing of its precious
and sacred memories, was enough to satisfy the most fastidious
seeker after pleasure ; but to have been a participant in and
thrilled by the martial music, shouts of veterans and sons of
veterans, and captivated by the charm and beauty of sponsors,
and maids of honor, looking as handsome as only Southern
women can look, was indeed soul inspiring.
The quiet, staid denizen of Washington had heard the solemn
tread of the veterans of the Grand Army of the Republic,
flushed with victory, and imagining themselves equal to the
conquest of the world ; they had heard the glad shouts of the
populace as they marched up the avenue to acclaim a Wilson,
king; but the sedate and dignified senators, and the venerable
204 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, as they marched by the
side of Lee's sleeveless immortals, and heard them give the
"Rebel Yell," chant "Dixie" and sing "The Girl I Left Behind
Me," caught more inspiration and real patriotism in an hour,
than all the combined oratory of the Senate could ever evoke.
The dedicatory exercises of the Lee Monument at Gettys-
burg on the 8th, were in accord with old Virginia simplicity
and modesty. The beautiful and appropriate invocation of Dr.
James Power Smith, aide and chaplain to General Jackson,
Governor Stuart's handsome introduction of Leigh Robinson,
and his masterly address, not to speak of the incomparable
luncheon from Richmond, combined to make an occasion long
to be remembered.
The Federal Government has lavished its millions on this
historic bivouac of the dead. The Northern states have vied
with each other in profligate expenditure of money to perpetu-
ate in marble the deeds of their fallen braves. But Virginia, in
the erection of this magnificent monument to her distinguished
son, has placed the capstone upon all their endeavors. Sur-
passingly grand in its conception and execution, surrounded by
a group representing all branches of the service, and looking
forward through a vista of surpassing beauty and splendor, it
fills the beholder with admiration and delight. As I gazed upon
that face of inexpressible greatness, depicted by the sculptor, I
thought of how the torrid heat of summer, the withering frost
and relentless snows of winter, would beat upon that uncovered
head ; but thought also that the same divine hand that tempers
the storm to the shorn lamb would cover that defenseless head
with the shadow of His wing.
And as we left the sacred place, I fancied some beautiful au-
tumnal eve, with its sylvan quietness, the fast receding sun with
its resplendent rays gilding the foliage with kaleidoscopic love-
liness, transforming the scene into one of indescribable beauty
and covering all with a halo of surpassing splendor and gran-
deur— I fancied that on such a day, perchance, the mighty host
of Confederate dead now lying in unmarked and unknown
graves between what were once the opposing lines, after long
years of ceaseless vigil by their great commander, might emerge
PAUL GOODLOE MC!NTIRE
Honorary member of the John Bowie Strange Camp, C. V .,
founder of the chair of Art and Music at the University
of Virginia, whose generous gifts to his native city of
parks, public library, monuments of Lee, Jackson, Lewis
and Clark, and of George Rogers Clark, have endeared
him, not only to the heart of every Confederate veteran,
but to our entire community, and won for him the title of
PHILANTHROPIST
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 205
from their tenements of clay to wing their flight to the great
white throne. And as I allowed my fancy (almost in spirit as it
were), to dwell upon that resurrection scene, I beheld each
immortal, ere taking his final flight, pause for a moment about
this sacred shrine to chant his praise, with the happy refrain,
"It was his genius, nobility of character, and lofty Christian
life and faith that inspired it all."
THE LEE AND JACKSON MONUMENTS IN THE
CHARLOTTESVILLE PARKS.
As stated in the preface, it is very much regretted that no
account of the unveiling of these monuments can be given,
neither monument being in place at the time this book goes to
press. But when the veterans of John Bowie Strange Camp
learned of Mr. Mclntire's superb gift of the Lee Monument,
they at once called a meeting, which resulted in the resolutions
and correspondence below.
It will be noted that in neither the resolutions nor in the cor-
respondence is any mention made of the Jackson Monument.
This is because it was not known at the time that Mr. Mclntire
contemplated presenting to the city a second park, the chief
ornament of which is to be an equestrian statue of Lee's great
right arm, the "Mighty Stonewall."
The resolutions and correspondence follow :
Charlottesville, Va.
February 21, 1918.
At a meeting of the Confederate veterans of the city and county
held in the City Hall yesterday to express their gratitude to Mr.
Paul G. Mclntire for his munificent gift to our city of an equestrian
statue of General Lee, Major C. M. Bolton was elected chairman
and Mr. C. B. Linney secretary.
Major C. M. Bolton, Bartlett Boiling and C. B. Linney were con-
stituted a committee on resolutions, and made the following report,
which was unanimously adopted by a rising vote:
Resolved: That it is with peculiar pleasure and appreciation that
the Confederate veterans of Charlottesville and the county of Albe-
marle have learned of Mr. Paul G. Mclntire's magnificent gift to
206 DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS
this city of a beautiful park and an equestrian statute of our great
commander, General Robert E. Lee.
We recognize in this generous act, not only a splendid tribute to
one of earth's greatest citizens and soldiers, but a living memorial
to the donor's high-minded and honored parents; to the loyal serv-
ices of 'his brothers in a holy and righteous cause; and to his own
fealty and devotion to his native city. If "a country without mon-
uments is a country without a history,'' then indeed this lavish
consecration of wealth has been made to pay tribute to high and
noble purpose.
The old veteran, with bowed head, will come to this shrine to
drop the tear of his affection; our soldier boys will come and find
in the contemplation of lofty character and true nobility in this
truly great man their patriotism and love of country christened with
a fresh baptism of consecration to service; the youth of the city
and of our schools and colleges will come; and the students of our
great University, a-s they assemble from all parts of our land, will
also come, and in their coming catch fresh inspiration and find their
standard of excellence lifted to higher ideals and nobler purposes
of living.
In making our acknowledgments to Mr. Paul G. Mclntire, we but
voice the sentiments of every true soldier who followed Lee.
Resolved, Therefore, that these resolutions be spread upon our
minutes, and that a copy be sent to Mr. Paul G. Mclntire, and an-
other to the Charlottesville Progress with request to publish.
Charlottesville, Va.
Feb. 21, 1918.
Mr. Paul G. Mclntire,
45 Wall St.,
New York, N. Y.
My dear Mr. Mclntire:
I assure you it is with the greatest pleasure I hand you the with-
in resolutions adopted by the Confederate veterans of Charlottes-
ville and Albemarle County, expressive of their high appreciation
of your munificent gift to this your native city of a beautiful park
and monument to General Lee. It comes with peculiar significance
to us, the followers of Lee, and while we very inadequately express
our appreciation, our hearts are overflowing with gratitude to the
giver.
No man can seek to perpetuate the virtues and memory of Lee
without honoring himself, and I bespeak for you the esteem and
gratitude of this nation, which will be a great reward.
With much respect, I am,
Very truly yours,
C. B. LINNEY,
Secretary.
DEDICATION OF MONUMENTS 207
New York,
Feb. 26th, 1918.
Maj. C. M. Bolton,
Bartlett Boiling,
C. B. Linney,
Charlottesville, Va.
My dear Friends:
(If you will so allow me to address you.) It was with the greatest
pleasure and happiness that I received the resolutions adopted by
the Confederates of Charlottesville and Albemarle County, the
more so, as it was entirely unexpected. There is no name that
stands higher for the noblest in man than that of our beloved Lee,
and I hope that when the monument is unveiled we will all be there
to honor him who showed the world how he could be greater in de-
feat than in victory.
We recall the stanza from Father Ryan's poem, "The Sword of
Lee."
"And they who saw it waving there,
And knew who bore it knelt to swear,
That where that sword led they would dare,
To follow or to die."
And we carry through life the memory of his greatness. Gentle-
men, I envy you the honor you had in following such a leader.
I have the honor to remain,
Sincerely yours,
PAUL G.
Memorial Day Exercises
Memorial Day Address
BY PROFESSOR WILLIAM M. THORNTON.
Robert Edward Lee's Country.
"Virginia is my country. Her I ^vill obey, hoivever lament-
able the fate to which it may subject me."
(Light-Horse Harry Lee.)
Off the Atlantic coast, at the southeastern corner of the
State of Georgia, lies Cumberland Island. In January, 1862,
a steamer passing through the channel which separates it
from the mainland, drew up at a plantation wharf and disem-
barked two officers, uniformed in Confederate grey. For some
distance they followed a road, shaded by live oaks and mag-
nolias, and leading into the extensive grounds surrounding a
deserted mansion. The grounds were dotted with groups of
olive, orange and lemon trees, and adorned with glowing
masses of subtropical shrubbery. They entered the house and
after admiring for a moment the richly carved frames of the
windows, which lighted the spacious hall, and the stately stair-
way, which wound its spiral course to the upper floors of the
building, they descended a flight of steps into a garden, which
even in its neglected state, gave proof of the taste and care of
its exiled owners. Passing on they came presently to a dilap-
idated wall enclosing a cemetery, and entering, stood in rev-
erential silence above a lonely grave.
The officers were General Robert E. Lee and his military
secretary, Colonel A. L. Long. The place was Dungeness, the
home of Nathaniel Green, the friend of Washington and next
to Washington, the most famous soldier of the Revolutionary
War. The grave was the grave of Light-Horse Harry Lee,
once the brilliant young leader of Lee's Legion, the man who
was said by another great general to have "sprung a soldier
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 209
from his mother's womb." Robert E. Lee was a little lad of
six years when his illustrious father, with health wrecked by
cruel injuries received at the hands of a political mob in Bal-
timore, left his Virginian home for the West Indies in vain
hope of restoration. After years of loneliness and sadness and
suffering he once more turned his face homeward; but on the
voyage his illness returned with augmented power. He was
landed by his own request on Cumberland Island, and there in
the home of his old commander, and comforted by the care of
Green's daughter, the brilliant soldier of the Revolution, the
beloved friend of Washington, the eloquent eulogist of the
Father of his Country, passed the anguished hours of his last
days on earth.
Only twice was Robert E. Lee able to visit a spot so sacred
to him. Eight years later on the last journey of his life, in
April, 1870, he stood once more at Dungeness over his famous
father's grave. His daughter was with him and covered the
tomb with beautiful fresh flowers. The island had been dev-
astated by the Union troops during the Civil War and the
home of Green's daughter had been burned by the soldiers of
the government which owed its existence to the valor of her
noble father. Only the bare walls remained. "No civilized
nation," wrote Lee after first seeing Dungeness, "within my
knowledge has ever carried on war as the United States Gov-
ernment has against us." Today we may write the closing
chapter in the story of this home of one of our Revolutionary
heroes. Mr. Andrew Carnegie, who has caused the erection
of so many memorials for the perpetuation of his own name,
bought Cumberland Island, and to make room for a modern
mansion, tore down the massive walls of Dungeness, and used
the materials to pave his roads. Such is the reverence shown
by the modern millionaire for the ancient virtue of our patriot
captains and for their dwelling places.
Robert Edward Lee's beautiful fidelity to the memory of an
illustrious father gives us the key-note to his character and
genius. It seems almost a sarcasm on the boastful claims,
which our present day pundits make for the forces of educa-
tion, that the greatest soldier of the American Civil War
210 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
should have been reared by a gentle, pious woman, and fitted
for West Point by a God-fearing Quaker. Light-Horse Harry
Lee never saw this son after he was six years old, nor did the
father at any time exert direct influence over the child. The
mother held his training altogether in her own hands and the
relation between them grew into a rare tenderness and in-
timacy. When he left her to go to the military academy, his
mother was heard to say, "How can I live without Robert?
He is both son and daughter to me." Yet Robert showed no
traces of doubt as to his own vocation. The son of a great
soldier, he went straight to his predestined work. Never was
there a more complete demonstration of the dominant force
of heredity, and the comparative importance of early environ-
ment.
We have many pictures of Lee which illustrate his military
genius and his inborn taste for the soldier's life. The scene of
one of the earliest is laid at Cerro Gordo, where Santa Anna
and his army guarded the approach to the Mexican capital.
The position was admirably chosen and seemed at first im-
pregnable ; the Mexican troops were powerfully posted and
the surrounding hill-tops bristled with their artillery. Captain
Lee of the U. S. Military Engineers was charged with the re-
connoissance of the region. He succeeded in discovering a
possible approach to an unoccupied height, to which Santa
Anna said afterwards he "thought not even a goat could
climb." The reconnoissance was as dangerous as it was diffi-
cult. Once Lee ventured alone so far from his supporting
column that he found himself in the very midst of a squad of
his enemies. He hid himself under a fallen log and lay there
for some time, while the Mexican soldiers actually sat down
on the log to chat and rest. The result of Lee's work was the
occupation of this commanding point by an American battery,
the successful storming of the heights of Cerro Gordo, and the
complete rout of the Mexican Army.
This exploit is only one of many illustrations which might
be drawn from the Mexican War showing Lee's native genius
for the military art, his dauntless personal courage, his serene
presence of mind in moments of peril, and the skill with which
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 211
he could utilize the knowledge won by his audacity. General
Scott's reports are full of commendations of his daring and in-
defatigable reconnoissances as well as of his coolness and
courage under fire, and Scott classes Lee's exploration of the
Pedregal at Contreras — a jagged waste of lava swept by the
Mexican guns — as "the greatest feat of physical and moral
courage performed by any individual during the campaign."
Scott's exalted estimate of Lee, whom he had selected to suc-
ceed him in command of the United States Army, is well
known to every one. It is not uninteresting to add the estimate
of another famous American, who served also in the Mexican
War. This contemporary estimate by Raphael Semmes, the
brilliant admiral of the Confederate States Navy, is less well
known ; in fact I have never seen it quoted.
"The services of Captain Lee were invaluable to his chief. En-
dowed with a mind which has no superior in his corps, and pos-
sessing great energy of character, he examined, counseled, and ad-
vised with a judgment, tact, and discretion worthy of all praise.
His talent for topography was peculiar; he seemed to receive im-
pressions intuitively, which it cost other men much labor to ac-
quire."
I believe Generals McClellan, Pope, B.urnside, Hooker,
Meade and Grant would all have endorsed the last item in this
estimate.
Between the genius and character of our own Lee and those
of his illustrious father, numerous and interesting parallels
might be traced. In the art of war we find in both the same
reasoned audacity in conception and in execution. Both used
a strategy based always on the psychology of their adversary.
In both there was the same contempt of physical danger, the
same ardour for the fray, the same terrific suddenness to
strike. Both shewed the same tender care for the well-being
of their soldiers and the same humanity toward the innocent
victims of the cruelty of war. In both there was the same ex-
ultant confidence of victory, the same magnificent resilience
under disaster. But Harry Lee was more than a soldier ; he was
an orator, a statesman, a patriot. The whole world is familiar
with the golden phrase which sprang from his lips when he
212 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
was called upon by Congress to pronounce the official eulogium
upon the great Washington, his chief, his neighbor, his familiar
friend.
"First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his coun-
trymen, he was second to none in the humble and endearing scenes
of private life. Pious, just, humane, temperate, serene, uniform,
dignified, and commanding; his example was as edifying to all
around him as the effects of that example were lasting. * * *
He survives in our hearts, in the growing knowledge of our chil-
dren, in the affection of the good throughout the world."
Hardly less eloquent and fuller of significance for the his-
tory of Virginia was Harry Lee's tribute to his native state.
Permit me to tell you of this utterance, so interesting to us be-
cause in the crisis of his fortunes it controlled the destiny of
Robert Edward Lee.
Soon after Harry Lee's resignation from the Continental
Army in 1782, he married his cousin, Matilda Lee, the heiress
of Stratford, the ancient seat of the Lees in Virginia, which
thus became in time the birthplace of Robert E. Lee. The
four years now given by the young soldier to domestic life
were years of chaos for the new American republic. They
demonstrated the impotence of the Confederation Congress
and proved that under the Articles of Confederation the
United States government was drifting into anarchy. Once
more this ancient commonwealth stepped into the breach and
saved the country. The people of Virginia, moved by a sense
of the public peril, sent to the legislature of 1786 their best
men. This legislature, under James Madison's leadership,
called a national convention, and this convention initiated the
movement which, in 1787, created the Constitution of the
United States. This was the movement which swept Harry
Lee into political life and made him delegate to the legislature
of 1786, representative in the Confederation Congress of 1786-
88, and member of the Virginia Convention of 1788, which rat-
ified the Federal Constitution.
Harry Lee was an ardent Federalist. Washington, the guide
and protector of his militant youth, was the model of his ma-
turer years, and Lee was earnest to bring to fulfilment Wash-
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 213
ington's ideal of "an indissoluble union of the States under
one Federal head." Yet despite his Federalism no one can
question Harry Lee's unshaken allegiance to his native state.
In 1792, while he was Governor of Virginia, Madison offered
him an important military command in the United States ser-
vice. His reply was as follows :
"One objection I should only have, and that js the abandoning
of my native country, to whose goodness I am so much indebted.
Xo consideration on earth could induce me to act a part, however
gratifying to me, which could be construed into disregard or for-
getfulness of this Commonwealth."
Two years later he was commissioned by President Wash-
ington to surpress the Whiskey Boys' Insurrection ; but though
commissioned by the President he went as Governor of Vir-
ginia and commander of her troops; he went upon invitation
of the state of Pennsylvania; and he went by authority of the
state of Virginia. In the famous debate upon the Virginia
Resolutions of 1798 he again took perfectly clear ground on
the side of the Commonwealth, and then in more concise and
more eloquent phrase he renewed that confession of Political
faith, already made in his letter to Madison,
"Virginia is my country. Her I will obey, however lamentable the
fate to which it may subject me." '
This came from the man whose blood flowed in the veins and
beat in the heart of Robert Edward Lee. This was the key to
our Lee's character, the map of his destiny, the creed of his
life.
When the Secession Convention assembled in Richmond in
February, 1861, Lee was Lieutenant Colonel of the Second U.
S. Cavalry, in command of the Department of Texas. He was
promptly recalled to Washington, and on March 1st he re-
ported at the War Department. General Scott had described
him as "the very best soldier I ever saw in the field," and
again, as "not only the greatest soldier of America, but the
greatest soldier now living in the world." Impressed by
Scott's exalted opinion of his powers, the Federal adminis-
tration made every proper effort to retain Lee's services for
the Union. He was at once promoted Colonel of First U. S.
214 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
Cavalry, and on April 18th the command of the Union army
about to be brought into the field was offered to him by au-
thority of President Lincoln. This offer Lee at once declined ;
though opposed to secession, he refused to take any part in the
invasion of the Southern States. On the same day news
reached Washington of the passage of the Ordinance of Seces-
sion by the Virginia Convention. Virginia's action brought
Lee to face the crisis of his life. He foresaw that he might at
any hour be called upon to take up arms against his native
state. This he had resolved never to do, and no allurement of
high rank, no bribe of wealth or fortune, no fear of inevitable
disaster, could shake his constant mind. On April 19th he
called upon his beloved and admired chief, General Scott, to
give the reason for his refusal to accept the command of the
Union army. On the same night he wrote his letter, resigning
his commission in the U. S. Army; and on April 20th, 1861,
Lee ceased to be an officer of the Federal government.
The explanation of Lee's splendid act of renunciation is
easy for those who remember his noble inheritance of chivalric
ideals and lofty traditions. For six generations the Lees had
been Virginians and, whether in weal or woe, faithful to the
cause of the Old Dominion. At the time of the Revolutionary
War there were two Lee brothers who had returned to the old
country and made for themselves homes in England; even they
took the side of the revolting colonies and came back to Vir-
ginia to share her fortunes. All the Lees felt with Harry Lee
that Virginia was their country and that the noble part was to
keep faith with their mother-state. Robert E. Lee was an of-
ficer in the United States Army and devoted to his calling; but
he was likewise a Virginian, faithful and a loving son to a
noble mother. His citizenship was in her, and from her he
could not be divided. As Virginia went, so Lee went. He
hated slavery, he condemned secession ; he knew the strength
of the North and the weakness of the South ; but the path of
duty lay plain before him, and when Virginia called the roll of
her sons, Lee answered, Present.
We owe to Mrs. Lee the only direct testimony we possess as
to that night upon the heights of Arlington when Lee at last
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 215
resolved to resign his commission in the army of the United
States. What follows is recorded as coming from her lips :
"After his last interview with General Scott he returned to Ar-
lington deeply affected by the circumstances which surrounded him,
and anxious to decide what was his present duty. The night his
letter of resignation was written he asked to be left alone for a
time, and while he paced the chamber above, and was heard fre-
quently to fall on his knees in prayer for divine guidance, she
watched and waited and prayed below. At last he came down —
calm, collected, almost cheerful — and said, 'Well Mary, the ques-
tion is settled. Here is my letter of resignation, and a letter I
have written General Scott.' "
What heart can gaze unmoved upon this scene of sacrifice
and duty, of fidelity and devotion? Lee was too good a sol-
dier, too wise a man, too true an American not to know what
war between the states would mean. Upon the altar of his
country, Virginia, he laid that night his martial fame, his
worldly fortunes, and his patriot pride. But let us not forget
that fragile Mary Custis shared too in the offering. She gave
the home of her childhood and her love, with all that to a
woman makes life precious and earth dear. She resigned
wealth and comfort and wordly ease and all the sweet tran-
quilities of the social order in which she was born. She left
behind her the sacred ashes of her parents, the noble memo-
rials of Washington's affection for his adopted son, and every
sweet memento of her childhood and girlhood and womanhood
and wifehood. Which was the greater hero — Lee or his gen-
tle wife? Let Him, who reads the hearts of men, give the an-
swer.
In recent years two New Englanders of distinction and cul-
ture have given to the public painstaking studies of Lee's char-
acter and career. It has been said that at least one of them be-
gan these studies with a hostile mind and was won over from
enmity to admiration by the beauty and nobility of the soul he
studied. Let us hear in brief the verdict they render on Lee's
decision at this crisis of his fate.
"As to Robert E. Lee, I can only repeat what I have already
said. If in all respects similarly circumstanced, I hope I should
216 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
have been filial enough and unselfish enough to have done as Lee
did. Such an utterance on my part may be traitorous; but I here
render that homage."
This from a Union soldier, Charles Francis Adams, who for
four years fought against the Army of Northern Virginia.
The other, from Gamaliel Bradford, Jr., is no less explicit :
"I do not hesitate to say that in the certainly most improbable,
but perhaps not wholly impossible contingency of a future sectional
separation in the country, however much I might disapprove of
such separation and its causes, I should myself be first, last, and
always, a son and a subject of New England and of Massachusetts."
Charles Sumner of Massachusetts, standing in his place in
the Senate of the United States, said that he did not propose
to speak of Lee, but was content to "hand him over to the
avenging pen of history." We may see in these two cases how
in the Massachusetts of today the avenging pen of history is
dealing with the great Confederate Captain.
Speculations as to what would have happened if Lee had de-
serted Virginia for the Union side are perfectly futile. For
Lee the act would have been impossible ; but in another case
we know what did happen. George Henry Thomas was also
a Virginian from Southampton County. He was educated at
West Point, was assigned to the Artillery, saw service in the
Seminole and Mexican wars, and in 1860 was in Texas under
Lee's command. Of the twelve officers in the same regiment
who attained high rank in the Civil War, six were Southern-
ers. All six intended to resign and offer their services to their
native states. Five did so; but Thomas, after applying for an
appointment to the Governor of Virginia, changed his mind. In
the favourite phrase of the other side, he was "true to the
Union," and in May, 1861, he was promoted Colonel and given
Lee's old regiment. Thenceforward he served brilliantly and
effectively on the Union side, but with meagre recognition.
His name was put into the congratulatory order published after
Mill Springs, the very first Union victory (19th January,
1862), but was stricken out. "He is a Virginian," said Lin-
coln, "let him wait." He was slated to succeed Buell after
Perryville, but at the last moment the order was changed and
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 217
still he waited. Murfreesboro came, Chickamauga came, Mis-
sionary Ridge came, and still Thomas waited. Even while he
held the Confederates at bay before Nashville in December,
1864, he was threatened with removal. Then like a thunder-
bolt came his crushing defeat of Hood, the most brilliant vic-
tory won by any Union general during the entire war. Con-
gress, for very shame, acted at last, and, when the war was
practically over, made Thomas a major-general. Two years
later he was offered the brevet of lieutenant-general and re-
fused it. He had taken his thirty pieces of silver; he could do
no more !
The story is told in Eastern Virginia, that after the war,
Thomas came back to Southampton County, where his two
maiden sisters still lived in their old home. The Union officer
went to a little country inn near by, and sent thence a note to
the Thomas ladies, saying that their kinsman, Major-General
.G. H. Thomas, U. S. A., would be glad to call upon them.
The two ladies returned a reply, written with perfect simplic-
ity and courtesy, that they had suffered many losses and many
sorrows, and in consequence, lived in quiet and retirement;
that they had no living relatives of their own name, so that
General Thomas must be in error in describing himself as a
kinsman ; that they once had a dear brother named George,
but to their deep grief he died in 1861 ; that they begged there-
fore to be excused from receiving General Thomas. Such are
things which happened to a great soldier; one of the greatest
in the Civil War, because he was a Virginian, who was "true
to the Union."
How, finally, shall we assess Lee's action in the hour of his
trial? That he denied the right of secession and believed that
mutual forbearance and wise tolerance of acknowledged evils
would have averted war between North and South, is most
true ; so felt and believed tens of thousands of other Virgin-
ians, who, in their humbler places, gave up life and fortune
without a murmur in obedience to the summons of their na-
tive state. That he believed slavery to be a moral wrong and
a social evil, a burden to the white race and a degradation to
the black, is also most true; the greatest statesmen of Virginia
218 -MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
had felt as he felt; had spoken as he spoke; and even in 1861
there were thousands of other Virginians, who, like Lee,
would have willingly liberated every slave in the South, if thus
peace and harmony could have been restored to a distracted
country. That he cherished for the army of the United States
a devoted love and an exalted esteem ; that he felt in his call-
ing as soldier a noble pride; that all of hope and ambition and
aspiration in his lofty soul yearned toward the flag of the
Union and the profession of arms, is beyond cavil and beyond
doubt. The anguished night on the heights of Arlington, when
he penned his letter of resignation, was the Gethsemane of his
life, and listening, angels heard from his lips the fervent
prayer, "Father, let this cup pass from me !" But it is no less
certain and no less true that he never doubted his duty ; that
he never for one single hour faltered or feared to tread its ar-
duous and thorny path. Virginia was Lee's country, and her
he was resolute to obey, however lamentable the fate to which
it might subject him.
ANNUAL MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES, MAY 30, 1916.
FROM THE Daily Progress.
The annual memorial exercises were held at five o'clock yes-
terday afternoon at the University Cemetery, and a large as-
semblage was present to do honor to the heroic Confederate
dead who lie 'buried there.
The exceptionally interesting program was impressively car-
ried out, Major Channing M. Bolton, Commander of the John
Bowie Strange Camp, presiding.
The invocation was offered by Dr. Petrie, Chaplain of the
Camp, and the address of the occasion was made by Dr. H. B.
Lee, who pleased his hearers greatly by his beautiful tributes to
the Confederate dead, to the Confederate women, and to the
faithful slaves.
The bestowal of crosses was next in order, Mrs. Goss, cus-
todian of crosses, delivering them. The Mason Gordon Auxili-
ary Chapter and the Boy Scouts added greatly to the interest
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 219
of the occasion. The former sang sweetly "Maryland My
Maryland," and "Tenting Tonight," Miss Laura Wood accom-
panying them and Mrs. Hudson and Miss Constance Leach-
man leading.
After the decoration of the graves the Monticello Guard
fired salutes.
Dr. Petric's Prayer.
The prayer, offered by Dr. Petrie, was as follows :
"O Thou who wast and art and art to come, author of all our
gifts, Thou hast endowed us with memory, whose vivid pictures
can never be effaced ; whose recollections shall endure. The
teeming interests of fifty years blot not out the thoughts of
the now distant scenes of arduous struggles and fierce warfare.
So, thinking back, we recall the sorrows, when Thou wast
our only Comforter. We remember the poverty, when Thou
wast our supply. We forget not the want, when Thou only
gavest to us; the trouble, when no voice to help but Thine was
heard ; the perils, amidst which only Thou wast our shelter ;
when no door of bounty was open to us but that of Thy abun-
ance; when to our cry of distress, there came no answer from
all the world but the answer of Thy abiding Word.
In the battle, on the march, in the camp, in the home, severed
from all the world, we were not severed from Thee. But in
light, in darkness; in want, in wealth; in quiet, in tumult; in
pain, in pleasure ; in storm, in calm, Thou wast ever near to
hear our call, to strengthen our hand, and to encourage our
heart.
Thy presence was our support in the years of our severe soli-
tude.
When every gateway leading out into the great world of na-
tions closed fast, and no message of love and no gift of kind-
ness came to remind us of the human bond, Thy daily blessings
were like angels, fresh from our Father's throne, bearing tid-
ings of His love.
These visions of the past are still radiant. Nothing can dim
their brightness ; nothing impair their beauty.
We bring Thee memory's offering of praise and gratitude, as
220 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
through the vista of fifty years we gaze with wonder at Thy
unfailing love.
O Thou who art, Thou givest us today an appreciation of the
mercies that bless us now. How wonderful have been Thy
dealings with us ; how marvelous the transformations of our
beloved land ! They have been more brilliant than the boldest
prophet who dared to tell us ; brighter than any wanderer on
Bethel's height could ever dream.-
Because the hand of Thy beneficence has touched us, and the
heart of Thy love has poured out its treasures to us, and the
voice of Thy guidance has been heard, we are encompassed
with blessings beyond all that we might have hoped. The scenes
of strife that became Aceldamas have been transformed into
gardens of beauty and delight. So we have lost the very traces
of desolations. It is marvelous in our eyes. It is because Thou
didst it.
While in the long ago we were the center of human conflict,
and the nations of the world looked on from their peaceful
lands, in Thy leading we to-day, well nigh alone of earth's great
nations, dwelling in serenest peace, look with wonder on the
world at strife. How calm and quiet is every day to us, in our
well-favored land; how full of comfort and happiness, of all
that is fitted to make life dear and desirable, while the thunders
of war are heard elsewhere, and human carnage reaps its hor-
rible harvest.
O Thou who art, we offer praise to Thee for the favor be-
stowed upon us now.
O Thou who art to come, Thou has endowed us with a
forward look. Thou hast kindled in us the light of hope. Hope
inspires in us great desire. We make our prayer to Thee.
From now through all the coming years consecrate us to what
is best. Give us high aims, noble purposes, firm resolves. Make
us brave, keep us brave. Enable us to achieve greater things.
Whatever is wrong in us set right. In life's great battle, make
us victors. Prepare us for the wreath of triumph.
Bless the fair daughters who have convened us here. May
their abounding love for this sacred cause be the measure of all
blessings that shall enrich them.
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 221
Bless the soldiers of today. May their readiness to serve and
their brave hearts be the sweet guarantee of peace.
Bless the veterans. May Thy care of them in the past be the
sure prophecy of Thy constant and continuous care.
Bless our Southland. Bless this nation. Bless the President
of the United States. Preserve his life and health. Give him
all needful wisdom to guide this nation through these trying
times. In his guidance may this nation serve the cause of peace
in all the world. May this nation, by neutrality well preserved,
at the opportune moment, arbitrate and meditate to bring peace
to those who are at war.
Bless Thy servant, who brings to us the message of the hour.
May the lingering light of the heroic days and men commemo-
rated by us brighten our paths and beautify our lives, Thou
Jesus Christ, Amen.
Address by Rev. H. B. Lee, D. D.
Major Bolton introduced Dr. H. B. Lee, Rector of Christ
Church. In an interesting and appropriate manner, D'r. Lee
said:
Veterans : O how I wish it were in my power to call you
comrades ! I feel, whenever I appear before you men wfao
fought in the war, that I must apologize, because I am neither a
veteran nor a son of a veteran. The only reason why I am not
a veteran nor a son is, that I was too young and my father too
old to enter the army.
In my boyhood days a popular question for discussion in our
debating society was, "Do men make crises, or do crises make
men?" Were I now called on to debate this question, I think I
would do as some men did during the war between the Con-
federate States of America and the United States, namely, take
both sides ; and that, not because I want to "tote water on both
shoulders," but because, in a sense, both are true.
It is conceded that there are two sides to every question. Cer-
tainly there are to this. Whether men make crises, or crises
make men, one thing is certain, a crisis develops men.
I mean by this, that the crisis which confronted the South in
222 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
>•
1861, developed in our people a courage of conviction, a loyalty
to the state, and powers of endurance, of which they themselves
were ignorant. It brought out soldierly qualities in men which
those most intimate with them never dreamed of their possess-
ing. Let me illustrate :
First, I will take the case of a man from the ranks whom I
knew. This boy's father and mother were plain, simple, 'hard-
working people, who lived a quiet, peaceable life. He had been
apprenticed to a carpenter, which business he despised because
it required him to work, a thing he had never been known to
do willingly, and from which he invariably escaped, if there was
any way of escape ; and being possessed of great resources in the
matter of dodging, a capacity which stood him in good stead
later, he generally managed to get away from work. This boy
was named William Clemmens, familiarly known as "Billy."
At the age of 15, or under, Billy went into the army as a sub-
stitute. But in about six months he decided that he would
add to the strength of the Confederate army by going in on
his own hook, and so notified his principal, who was promptly
conscripted. Billy was considered a great coward, as well as
lazy. But his cowardice was not so great as his laziness, for he
thought that in the army he would have no work to do. It was
not long before Billy's heart became fired with as intense loyalty
to the cause as that of any soldier in his regiment. In a little
while he was as noted for his daring courage, as among his boy-
hood companions, he had been conspicuous for cowardice. He
became as active and energetic in all duties in camp and on the
march, as he had been indolent.
It is really a pity that a full biography of this soldier boy
could not be written. He was killed in the raid which General
Rosser made on Beverly, West Virginia, in, I think, the winter
of '64— '65.
Billy represents a class of soldiers which largely formed the
ranks of the Confederate army. I beg you not to think that all,
or even a goodly portion of them, were either lazy or cowardly.
This would be slanderous. What I mean is, that the crisis of
'61 developed splendid soldierly qualities which none ever
dreamed our young men possessed.
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 223
My purpose in calling attention to this fact is two-fold : first,
to pay honor to our private soldiers, living and dead. My sec-
ond object is to say that, should another crisis arise, I am satis-
fied you will find abundant material ready to hand for any
emergency.
While from my heart I pray Almighty God we may never
have another call to arms, yet should foreign foe set foot on
Amercan soil there will be millions like Billy. I am not arguing
against what is known as "preparedness." Common sense
teaches precaution. The spirit of '61 is still aglow in the hearts
of the manhood and womanhood of our people.
We do not have to forget or to apologize for Manassas or
Appomattox, nor need we forget the principles for which our
soldiers fought to make -us loyal, brave and true to the flag that
now floats over an undivided country.
While loyal to the country as she now is, we will say, con-
cerning our beloved Confederacy, "If I forget Thee, O Jeru-
salem, let my right hand forget her cunning. If I do not re-
member thee, let my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if
I prefer not Jerusalem above my chief joy." Without disloy-
alty you may substitute "Confederacy" for "Jerusalem."
That crisis developed leaders which astounded the world;
leaders whose fame will last as long as history is written and
read. Stonewall Jackson, Robert E. Lee, and Jefferson Davis
were known as good men and true, as may be said of many oth-
ers ; but it required that terrific crisis to develop their marvel-
ous and unrivaled gifts.
Our late revered and honored townsman, Colonel Charles
Venable, of blessed memory, in writing of General Jackson,
says : "He was noted for his great devotion to the duties of
his calling (that of Professor in the V. M. I.) ; sternness in the
enforcement of discipline; great purity of life and character;
professed religious fervor; strong will, and intensity of pur-
pose. Yet who would have imagined that the quiet Professor
would accomplish such wonderful results as he did between
April, '61, when he took charge of the Confederate forces at
Harpers Ferry, and two years later, when he fell mortally
wounded at Chancellorsville.
224 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
Major Thomas J. Jackson was known, respected and ad-
mired in his limited sphere of activities; but it took a crisis to
bring out, and place before the world, "Stonewall" Jackson.
Robert Edward 'Lee, from boyhood to manhood, was the type
of that refinement, culture and loyalty for which his state was
noted. His Christian character, soldierly qualities and noble
bearing, made him a man of mark in every company, and in all
walks of life; but that fiery crisis of '61-'65 made him "Ole
Marse Robert," the Peerless. To my mind, it is useless to draw
comparisons between General Lee and any soldier who ever
commanded an army; he stands alone.
Mr. Davis had many rivals, it may -be peers, before '61, but in
his sphere of useful activity during the war he, too, stands alone.
In my mind, and in my heart, he is the embodiment of Chris-
tian statesmanship, Christian culture, Christian patriotism and
self-sacrifice. In his grave lies buried a nation's hope, a nation's
glory, and a nation's love and devotion. There was but one
Southern Confederacy, so there was but one Davis, one Lee,
one Jackson; but let another crisis arise and that crisis will de-
velop men for any emergency. That crisis developed in the
women of the South courage, endurance, and cheerful sacri-
fice which rivaled, if it did not exceed, the bravery of our sol-
dier boys. I would I had the power to speak in fitting terms of
the Southern women, but I have not, and so will not attempt it.
No monument which the skill and wealth of man could erect
would do her justice. Indeed, she needs none. Her character
is far more enduring than marble, granite or bronze; for time
will wear these away, or cause them to crumble, but as long as
men admire the true, the beautiful and good, they will look
back to the women of the South of '61 to '65.
That crisis brought out in the Southern slaves traits of char-
acter that call for recognition. Their loyalty to master and mis-
tress; their fidelity, watchfulness, and courage, were great and
most surprising. The teachers of the negro race, if they would
find the best possible examplars for their pupils, should them-
selves study the character of the Southern slave of the war pe-
riod and portray the same as clearly as possible.
In closing, I say, God bless you, veterans. May your declin-
HENRY W. BATTLE, D. D.
CHAPLAIN-IN-CHIEF OF THE UNITED SONS OF CONFEDERATE VETERANS
Commander of the R. T. W. Duke Camp, S. C. V.
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 225
ing years be as peaceful and quiet as your early days were
stormy and tempestuous ; when in the vigor of your manhood
you engaged in the defense of your homes and firesides. In
thus raising Davis, Lee and Jackson to such an exalted position,
I do not mean to derogate from the high character and splen-
did courage of the army at large. Some are of the opinion
that "the breed has run out." This is not true; for should such
another crisis arise, Virginia has in these boys and youths the
material which will make soldiers and statesmen equal to any
emergency.
I thank you most cordially for giving me the honor and the
privilege of addressing you to-day.
MEMORIAL DAY IS OBSERVED. UNIVERSITY CEM-
ETERY, MAY 30th, 1917.
»
ABLE ADDRESS BY DR. HENRY W. BATTLE.
The Memorial Day exercises on Thursday, by the Confed-
erate veterans and the ladies of Albemarle Chapter of the United
Daughters of the Confederacy, were unusually beautiful and
impressive. The simplicity and solemnity of the occasion deeply
impressed all present. Nature with a lavish hand has embell-
ished this sacred bivouac of the dead with much of beauty and
charm.
The day was perfect. The scene, with its sylvan quietness,
was solemnly impressive and indescribable. The fast receding
sun, with its resplendent rays gilding the foliage with ever
changing views and with kaleidoscopic loveliness, transformed
it into one of inexpressible beauty, and covered all with a halo
of surpassing splendor and grandeur.
With the Nation astir with preparation for war once again
against a foreign foe, these heroic remnants of the proud bat-
talions that marched under the Stars and Bars, assembled in
their annual parade to pay their memorial tribute to the brave
ones who fell on the stricken fields from '61 to '65.
As usual, the ladies of the Daughters of the Confederacy led
in the simple exercises of honoring the noble dead who lie bur-
226 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
led in the different cemeteries in the city, and the morning was
spent in the placing of new-cut flowers on the graves in Oak-
wood Cemetery, where sleep, many who fell for the cause of
the Confederacy.
A touching feature of the occasion was the presentation of
Confederate crosses to the following additional persons who
have been reported to the chapter of the Daughters and found
entitled to the same :
Messrs. W. B. Wood, Robert W. Johns and Professor Har-
ris Hancock ; and Mrs. Fannie M. Harris and Mrs. James H.
Jones.
The gathering then marched into the quiet "City of the
Dead," and decorated the graves of those who rest beneath
with the beautiful flowers of the season, in token of love and
remembrance.
'According to a recent plan, designed to mark permanently
every soldier's grave, the Daughters of the Confederacy had
placed at the head of each a metal cross, eighteen inches in
height, made impervious to the weather by waterproof paint,
and bearing the following simple legend :
On the upper portion, "1861-1865," and on the cross piece,
the letters, "C. S. A."
The parade was composed of the following units and organi-
zations :
Fire Department Drum Corps; John Bowie Strange Camp,
Confederate Veterans ; R. T. W. Duke Camp, Sons of Veterans ;
Company D, First Virginia Regiment N. G. (the Monticello
Guard) ; Albemarle Chapter Daughters of the Confederacy, and
the Boy Scouts.
At the University Cemetery the exercises consisted of the
invocation, the Memorial address, by Rev. Henry W. Battle,
D. D., and a Memorial Ode, by Mr. James McManaway, of the
University.
C. B. Linney, Adjutant of the John Bowie Strange Camp,
presided, presenting Rev. Beverly D. Tucker, of Christ's Epis-
copal Church, who offered the following eloquent and appro-
priate invocation :
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 227
Reverend Tucker's Prayer.
O Almighty God, who dost govern all things in heaven and
earth, we, Thy humble servants, do turn unto Thee for guid-
ance and strength. We have heard with our ears, and our fa-
thers have declared unto us, the noble works that Thou didst in
their day and in the old time before them. We yield Thee high
praise and hearty thanks for all those thy servants, who, in the
hours of their country's need, fought the good fight, kept the
faith, and laid down their lives for their friends. And we be-
seech Thee that, in this new day of testing, we may dedicate
ourselves in the spirit of our fathers to our country's call. Bless
our leaders with vision and strength in upholding the high cause
of human liberty. Shield from every evil the men who serve in
the army and navy, and inspire them with a holy enthusiasm.
Animate the minds of the people with the unifying spirit of
sacrificial patriotism. O Lord God of hosts, strengthen and
guide this nation and our allies, that we may labor with valor
for the establishment on earth of Thy reign of law and love,
of freedom and righteousness, and crown our endeavors with
speedy victory and lasting peace, through Jesus Christ, our
Lord and Captain. Amen.
Mr. Linney's Introduction.
Mr. C. B. Linney then introduced Dr. Battle in the follow-
ing elegant and appropriate remarks:
The women of our Southland are admired the world over for
their beauty and for their many graces of mind and heart, but
it was reserved for the Daughters of the Confederacy to insti-
tute these beautiful and appropriate memorial exercises com-
-memorative of the gallant deeds of our dead, but ever living,
heroes. Would you know the secret of their devotion? It is
found in their unshaken belief that this little spot of earth is
more sacred than storied urn or consecrated dust of kings. Be-
lieving that the choicest things of life are often found at our
very doors, the Daughters of the Confederacy present, as their
orator on this occasion, our own Dr. Battle, son of that gallant
soldier, General Cullen A. Battle, of Alabama, a distinguished
228 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
divine, orator, and now Chaplain General of the Sons of Vet-
erans. He loves the cause he represents, and lives, moves and
has his being in a supreme devotion to the traditions and pre-
cious memories of the Old South. He has bright visions of
good things to come, and loves to paint happy pictures of her
future glory and achievements.
DR. BATTLE'S ADDRESS.
Mr. Chairman, Confederate Veterans, Sons and Daughters
of the Confederacy, members of the Monti-cello Guard, Boy
Scouts, Ladies and Gentlemen :
By the good providence of God we dwell in a highly favored
land. The great Creator has lavished His blessings upon us.
Locked in the natural coffers of our mountains are inexhausti-
ble stores of mineral wealth ; our fertile fields yield abundant
harvests; our majestic rivers pulsate with the arterial life of a
vast commerce ; our climate is unsurpassed. But a people's
richest possessions are not the products of soil and climate ; they
are not the things which minister to human cupidity ; they may
not be seen or handled; for they are immaterial and invisible,
yet more precious than gold. "For the things which are seen
are temporal, but the things which are unseen are eternal." A
people's most precious possessions are its sacred memories.
If there be one spot on this terrestrial ball that enshrines the
dust of heroes, there is earth's most fertile ground ; the seed
sown in bitter tears and heroic blood will ripen from age to age
into a harvest of moral grandeur and 'beauty —
"Till the sun grows cold
And the stars are old,
And the leaves of the Judgment
Book unfold."
Such is our glorious heritage, and we have assembled that we
may gather from this hallowed spot some of the fruits of solemn
remembrance prompting to patriotic gratitude.
The dead need not our tributes ; they cannot hear our praises ;
they cannot inhale the perfume of our flowers ; they need not
our tears. I speak not for them ; they have their reward. I
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 229
speak for the living : venerable men who have come down to us
from a former generation, and who wear on their bosoms the
badge of the South's highest nobility, more honorable than star
and garter; to revered matrons, the "elect ladies" of a period
when the crowns of Southern womanhood in serene beauty
sparkled with jewels more resplendent than the stars of a tropic
night ; to sons and daughters of the Confederacy and members
of the rising generation, who must be taught that the titanic
conflict that closed at Appomattox was no odious rebellion, but
a mighty war, waged by the South, according to the dictates of
the loftiest patriotism, for what she believed to be her rights
under the Constitution, against arrogance, oppression and
wrong.
The civilized world held its breath in amazement and awe
while we were giving it an exhibition of how Americans fight.
Such courage, such endurance, such devotion to duty regardless
of cost, the world had never before seen.
We who are separated from those tremendous days by the
passing of more than half a century, and who know nothing of
them by actual experience, find it almost impossible to form any
conception of the magnitude of the struggle or the nature and
extent of the sacrifices involved. One thing we do know — and
let us guard the proud consciousness as our most precious pos-
session— the Southern soldier came out of the terrific ordeal
without one reproach from his conscience or a stain on his
flag.
The private in the ranks, though often ragged, barefooted and
half starved, kept his gun bright, his heart undaunted and his
honor as fair as a star above an ocean of clouds.
The Confederacy's great leaders walked in the midst of the
fiery furnace — heated seven times over — /majestic and serene,
and without the smell of moral taint on their garments ! Davis,
Stephens, Steward, the Johnstons, Gordon, Jackson and Lee —
"Ah, muse; you dare not claim
A nobler name than he —
Nor nobler man hath less of blame,
Nor blameless man hath purer name,
Xor fame — another Lee!"
230 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
Our beloved country is once more at war, but not within her
own borders, thank God! If ever there was a holy war in this
universe, I believe that upon which we have entered is one.
We seek no new territory ; we covet no military glory ; we would
not purchase commerical preeminence at the cost of the precious
blood of our sons. The God of Heaven has made us strong and
rich, but we would not use our strength and riches to hang crape
on one door knob in all the world, or to fling one orphan's cry
on the pitiless breeze.
We deplore war. God hasten the time, by prophet sung, when
nation shall not rise up against nation, nor man's inhumanity
to man to make countless millions mourn! But we must pro-
tect the lives of our men, women and children ! We must main-
tain our sovereign rights as a free and independent nation along
the commercial highways of the ocean ! We fought back our
rage, feeling that the nation's honor was safe in the hands of
our President, when the Lusitania, struck by a cowardly assassin,
went down with its priceless cargo of American lives to its
ocean grave. We shuddered over the wrongs of Armenia, and
wept over Belgium, until the cup of diabolical iniquity, filled
with cruelties that might claim primacy in hell, overflowed, and
then we wiped away our tears to grasp our swords ! Oh Ger-
many, wrecker of fair cities, despoiler of homes, ravisher of
women, and murderer of little children! God's finger is writing
on the eternal wall for thee, "Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin.''
God's executioner, from a land thou hast despised, is waking
to a sublime but terrible mission for humanity.
North and South,
"A people sane and great,
Forged in strong fires, by war made one,
Telling old battles over without hate,'1—
stand shoulder to shoulder and heart to heart. At last the flag
of the Union floats above an undivided and indivisible people
Oh Union, strong and great, and good, live forever! May no
star on thy flag ever suffer eclipse ! Old Glory, whether proudly
borne where millions fight and die ; by the willing hands and
stout hearts of the sons of those who wore the gray and of those
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 231
who wore the blue ; or waving from the masthead of ships that
dare to plow the deep with unfettered prows; or, far above the
whirling east, mixing thy stars with God's fretwork of golden
"fire'' — flag of my country, "be thou in heaven above, on the
earth below, on the waters under the earth, — the hope of the
oppressed, the oriflamme of liberty!
Assembled at this sacred place, in the presence of our hero-
dead, we dedicate ourselves anew to God, Truth and Humanity !
MEMORIAL DAY 1918.
The program began with the following prayer by the Chaplin
of the Camp, Dr. George L. Petrie :
Prayer by Dr. Petrie.
We ask Thy benediction on us, O God, assembled at this
sacred place, this quiet resting place of the dead, to commemo-
rate their virtues and their valor. By their consecration to a
beloved cause; their self-sacrificing devotion to their Southland;
their high ideals of patriotism; their unfaltering courage in the
camp, on the march and in the battle, they have written their
names high in the role of the world's greatest heroes. We
would do them honor by recalling their valorous deeds. We
would express our love by wreathing their monuments and
graves with earth's sweetest flowers.
We thank Thee for this privilege, esteemed none the less by
its frequent repetition. Our love for them and our admiration
of their lives and our gratitude for their service, have experi-
enced no diminution by the lapse of years, the change of our
surroundings, nor by our appreciation of the present blessings
of peace and prosperity.
We recognize Thy providential blessing of a united people, a
great nation, a benign government, a splendid destiny, and a
solemn responsibility. Yet Thou has not called us to forget the
past, nor to neglect those whose blood was freely poured out
in the great sacrifice by which the present was made .a beauti-
ful possibility. In Thy presence and at Thy throne, we now
232 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
thank Thee that such heroic men have lived, and, dying, have
left imperishable examples to stir our hearts and inspire us to
nobility of life and character.
Bless the aged veterans that linger with us still and deserve
and receive our honor and esteem. Bless the Daughters of the
Confederacy by whose invitation we are here, and who have
done as much to preserve the memory of the heroic dead as
their mothers did to cheer the living heroes in their day.
Bless these young soldiers who so worthily assume the re-
sponsibility which their soldier fathers have been compelled to
lay aside. Grant that there may never arise a need for the sacri-
fice of their precious lives. Bless all who in high places are
earnestly seeking to make a highway of peace for all earth's na-
tions. Grant an issue of peace to all our national complications.
And now bless him who shall address us this afternoon. May
the message which he brings crown this occasion with its chief
charm and make it a benediction to us all. We ask, through
Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.
Mr. Boiling's Address.
Albert S. Boiling, son of Major Bartlett Boiling, delivered
the address, as follows :
What memories must come flooding to the minds of you vet-
erans to-day! There is a picture you hold in your memories,
and the picture of this present time. But of that first picture —
Far away in the bygone years, was the Old South, the land
of true men and modest women. On the broad acres of its
plantations were the homes of its people; in its groves and fields
and by its pure streams were its altars. •
The first allegiance was to the state, emphasizing the prin-
ciple of local self government, rather than fealty to the Union;
and yet the Union had been created largely by the South. Thirty
of the stars on its flag reflect the work of Southern men. The
war of the Revolution, of 1812, of Texas Independence and
with Mexico, had Southern generals as their leaders. Sam
Houston was born in Rockbridge County across yonder moun-
tains. So the War between the States was fought not so much
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 233
to destroy the Union as to preserve the rights of the states com-
posing that Union, and to uphold the principle of local self gov-
ernment. Those questions, however, are forever settled.
You fought not for conquest, not for gain, but for principle;
and never before in the annals of time did so few stand up for
so long against so* many. The verdict of history and of your
sons and grandsons is, "Well done." The private soldier in the
Confederate armies of tattered uniforms but bright bayonets
won undying fame. Rightly can he share in the lustre of the
names of knightly Ashby, dashing Forrest, Stuart the Superb,
Taylor, the Johnstons and Robert E. Lee.
It has been said that when the Lord Almighty willed that the
Confederacy should fail, He found it necessary to remove from
earth one man: that man who, at First Manassas, Second
Manassas, in the Valley, around Richmond, and at Chancellors-
ville, had gained a place among the foremost captains of his-
tory— Stonewall Jackson.
Nor must we forget the debt to the women of the South
whose matchless fidelity and undying loyalty attest your valor
and their devotion.
And let us not forget the words attributed to Grant at Appo-
mattox, when the guns had been made ready for a salute — "Stop
those guns ! It has taken four years to capture those 8,000 men.
Let no salute tie fired!" This was typical of the best of the
North. Both sides took a lot of licking.
A second picture now unfolds itself. The sons of your op-
ponents and of yourselves are now in France, and others are
crowding thither on every boat leaving our. shores. Who can
say that the years from 1861 to 1865 were in vain? America
must win the war, and when America wins the war, well may
the writer of history trace back the heroism and the fortitude
of our boys to those qualities of their fathers who fought fifty-
odd years ago.
That Virginia lieutenant who thrilled us some days ago by
leading his platoon "over the top" in France, may well have
been inspired by another soldier who began as a lieutenant and
ended a lieutenant general — gallant John B. Gordon, of Georgia.
Just as you to-day pay devoted homage to the memory of
234 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
those who have gone before, we of this generation must feel in-
spired to honor and support in every way possible those who are
today giving their lives for us. You did your utmost ; they are
doing their utmost; and the question all of us (who have not
yet gone) should ask, is, "Are we doing our utmost?"
And as we today place flowers on the graves of our heroic
dead, let us remember those brothers and sons fighting in far-
away France, and consecrate ourselves anew to a spirit of stead-
fastness and self-sacrifice.
MEMORIAL DAY, UNIVERSITY CEMETERY,
May 30th, 1919.
The Memorial exercises were marked by more interest, en-
thusiasm, and genuine display of patriotic feeling than any held
here in recent years, and the large concourse of men, women
and children proved the deep hold that the Confederate heroes,
and the cause for which they fought and died, still have upon
the people who revere their memory. The veterans who wore
the gray, with the veterans of the war in Europe, and scores of
interested spectators and patriotic people, went out to honor
the dead and to listen to the recital of the deeds of the men
whose fame is immortal. An escort of some fifty members of
the Albemarle Rifles, under command of Liuetenant C. E. Mo-
ran, gave the modern touch to the military feature, and their
natty olive drab uniforms, of 1918, contrasted vividly with the
gray, forever the honored and beloved color of the people of
the Southland. The exercises 'were most impressive and in-
spiring, and deeply moved all present because of their solemnity
and appropriateness.
Veteran Bartlett Boiling, Commander of the Camp, presided
at the exercises and moved the audience to cheers by his digni-
fied, eloquent, and appropriate address. He is well known as
one of Mosby's men, with whom he served for two years as a
member of the partisan Rangers.
The invocation was by the Rev. W. Roy Mason, of Christ
Church, and was as follows :
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 235
Prayer by Rev. Wm. Mason.
Oh God, Our Heavenly Father, we thank Thee that the noble
lives and glorious deeds of our brave soldiers of the 'sixties are
not forgotten by those of us who are left to enjoy the blessings
of this golden age.
We are glad to gather here and have our minds refreshed
with memories of the splendid deeds and undaunted courage
of our fathers, and proud to pay our tribute to those who fought
and died for their sacred rights. Especially do we feel this
necessary now when all the world is giving honor to the heroes
of the present day. May God's richest blessings rest upon the
old veterans who still sojourn with us, upon the Daughters of
the Confederacy, so faithful in commemoration, and upon each
one that scatters flowers on these sacred graves. And grant, Oh
Father, that the speaker's gifted tongue may be inspired by Thee
to stir our hearts afresh with gratitude and determination to
prove worthy of our noble heritage.
ADDRESS BY BARTLETT ROLLING, COMMANDER, JOHN BOWIE
STRANGE CAMP.
Veterans, Daughters, Ladies and Gentlemen :
I want to thank, in behalf of the John Bowie Strange Camp,
the Daughters of the Confederacy for their invitation to be
present with them today; for their cheer and comfort always,
and for keeping green, all these years, the graves of our com-
rades. A chaplet we would place upon their fair brows, as a
token of our appreciation and gratitude.
We have assembled here today, as is our annual custom, to
pay tribute to the dead, and to place flowers upon the graves
of our fallen heroes, who made the supreme sacrifice for a cause
that cannot, and will never die. The address on this memorial
occasion will be made by a gifted son of Virginia, himself the
son of a veteran. He once resided in Albemarle, and is there-
fore no stranger to many of our people. As Chaplain of the
McGuire Hospital unit, he has but recently returned from the
shell-torn, bloody fields of Flanders and France, and will tell
of his personal experiences over there. He will tell us, too, of
236 MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES
the hardships endured, and of the brave deeds of the boys of
'61 to '65, who fought bravely for their state in a cause which
they believed in their souls to be just and right. Some of them
are here to-day — some who followed for four long, weary years
the great Generals, Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson.
We old veterans take a just pride in the valor and achieve-
ments of those days, and also now in the fame and achievements
of our sons and grandsons, in this world war.
It is my privilege, as well as pleasure, to present to this au-
dience the Rev. W. Russell Bowie, Rector of St. Paul's Church,
Richmond.
ADDRESS BY REV. RUSSELL BOWIE.
Rector of St. Paul's Church, Richmond, ^^•here Lee and Presi-
dent Davis both worshipped during the fratricidal contest.
His remarks were elegant and touching in the extreme, and
thrilled the audience till the end. Reverend Mr. Bowie spoke
as follows :
Our thoughts to-day are of two wars. Today the Eightieth
division is marching through the streets of Richmond — the tri-
umphant army through the flag-hung streets. A half century
ago another army went through those streets in weariness,
marching toward Appomattox, and — the end. Note the contrast
in conditions ! And yet the spiritual values and suggestions are
the same.
What are the things we honor in the thoughts of men who
have fought their great fight well?
First — The inspiring fact of human courage — the capacity of
men to conquer the flesh, to dare, to endure, to die. The
trenches in France — the fields of the Civil War.
Second — The love of the homeland ; the sense of the pre-
ciousness of the land, the sky, the people ; the genius of the
land that is one's own ; the sentiment of the negro in Base Hos-
pital, No. 45, who "wouldn't give one foot of ole Virginia for
dis here whole French Island !" ; the zeal of the men who did
not understand many of the complicated issues of war, but
MEMORIAL DAY EXERCISES 237
carried in their hearts the belief that somehow they were fight-
ing to save all the high things for which their country stood.
Third — The glory of sacrifice — men who died that others
might live in security and freedom.
What shall these things mean to us?
First — The challenge to courage in the tests of peace ; faith
or moral triumph — faith in the capacity of human will to ac-
complish any great deed it sets itself to reach ; the courage and
character of the men who came out of the civil war to rebuild
Southern civilization from its ruins ; the challenge to us for
an equal moral courage; a costly loyalty to right ideals in the
midst of our prosperous time.
Second — Widening out our sympathy to understand the
meaning of patriotism to other peoples — the value of their na-
tional life and their ideals; America's ideal not to dominate,
either by arms or by commercial conquest ; to help build up a
fuller human life everywhere.
Third — Sacrifice. Why did men die? To make the world
different. We must rise — as the President is trying to call us
— to the faith, the national self-control, the constructive wisdom
which shall build a world leagued in justice and in lasting peace.
Only so shall the sacrifice of men who have laid down their
lives be made redeeming.
Graves Decorated.
Then followed the procession to the cemetery and the dec-
orating of the graves that lie around the beautiful Confederate
monument set in its center. The Daughters of the Confederacy
had charge of this annual ceremony of love and reverence, and
in the midst thereof a selected quartet of male voices sang the
old Confederate camp song, "Tenting To-night."
There was an unusually large attendance at this ceremony of
filial love and the occasion was one of the most moving and
uplifting ever seen at this last resting place of so many of the
bravest and the best of the South.
Lee Birthday Addresses.
ADDRESS OF JUDGE R. T. W. DUKE.
January igth, 1891.
An Address delivered before the John Bowie Strange Camp
C. V., by R. T. W. Duke, Jr., on January 19th, 1891, the first
commemoration of the Birthday of General Robt. E. Lee
held in Charlottesville, Va.
Mr. Chairman, Veterans of the Confederate Army, Ladies and
Gentlemen :
The invitation to address you came to me amidst the noise
and tumult of one of the greatest cities of the world : a city of
all others most given to the getting and spending of worldly
wealth. It reached me in. a great building, before whose front,
day after day, rings out to unheeding ears sweet chimes from
a temple dedicated to God, and at whose side runs that street
of all others most devoted to the worship of Mammon
It found me busily engaged amidst complicated accounts,
worried and harrassed by the multitudinous cares attendant
upon business transactions ; but, unlike the bells of Trinity, it
rang upon no unheeding ears. It recalled me from the little-
ness of gain to the grandeur of a heroic and noble life.
Around me was a new order of things, totally unlike our
quiet Virginia life, and I was amidst scenes but little calcu-
lated to aid thought in the contemplation of a serene and noble
memory.
Within a stone's throw of where I stood, magnificent pal-
aces, filled with all that luxury and love of ease could ask,
overlooked throngs of men and women who hurried on to the
great marts, where lay exposed for sale "the merchandise of
gold and silver and precious stones ; of pearls and fine linen ;
of purple and silk and scarlet; of all manner of vessels of
HON. R. T. W. DUKE, JR.
LAWYER, POET, ORATOR
Honorary member of John Bowie Strange Camp, C. V.
Past Commander of R. T. W. Duke Camp, S. C. V.
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 239
ivory, of most precious wood, and of brass and iron and mar-
ble ; of beasts and sheep ; of horses and chariots, and of the
souls of men." Luxuriousness and woe, idleness and toil,
wealth greater than that of Croesus, and gaunt poverty and
despair, elbowed one another in the crowded streets about me ;
and as I opened the telegram you sent me, a great tumult of
emotions swelled within my heart, and old-time memories
flooded my eyes with unaccustomed tears. Back to me came
the old days of a boyhood spent amidst the stern alarms of
war. Years when suspense and agony, grim want and starva-
tion chilled the young, bright heart, that should have had no
thoughts save those of joy. Thoughts of the days which
dragged so heavily, watching a mother's agony for him she
deemed dead upon the field of battle, agony only growing less
in degree when we knew that the prison house held him who
could return we knew not when. Memories of a beautiful
May night when you, old soldiers, young then with bright and
happy hearts, amidst the blare of bugles and the shouts and
plaudits of our little town, went forth with many, oh, so many!
who came not back again. No empty sleeves then ; no bowed
heads over which had passed the shadow of a great despair;
no tears. How far off and strange it all looks now ! For a
moment I stood lost in thought, recalling all these things ; re-
calling my boyish recollections of Manassas, Petersburg and
Appomattox ; recalling the storms of war, the lull of our hope-
less peace, and then, with a recollection of almost yesterday,
the clutching at the heart when the news came, "Lee is dead."
For a moment I hesitated, doubting whether amidst alien
scenes and in the limited time given me, I could do any sub-
ject justice ; but when I realized the full meaning of your mes-
sage and felt how proud a privilege it was to speak to you
upon this day, consecrated to the memory of that immortal
man, I felt that I had no right to decline. He who today
would refuse to lay his tribute upon the bier of our great chief-
tain, would deserve a thousand times the reproach hurled at
the sluggard by Polyxena's funeral pyre:
240 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
"Thou drone! Dos't thou stand idly here?
Hast thou no robe, no ornament,
Nothing to deck this high heroic spirit,
This peerless excellence?"
And so I have come to you ; and yet as I look upon your
faces, remembering all that you have endured, all that you
fought for, all that you have lost, all that so many of you still
suffer, with a noble patience, I pause, well knowing that I can-
not put in words that which makes "the mother swell up to-
wards my heart."
You today, like myself, along with proud remembrance, taste
many bitter thoughts. The great wealth of a great part of
this nation had its foundation in your poverty. The great
prosperity which spreads over north and west took root in soil
watered by your blood ! The victorious army that came from
east and north and west has not knocked in vain at the door of
a treasury enriched with your spoliation. For you no pension
keeps the wolf from the door. No grand army bands you to-
gether to demand from truckling politicians pay for that which
to the true patriot can have no price.
You staked your life, your fortune and your sacred honor
for the cause for which you fought. Life you imperilled, for-
tune you lost, but honor, Oh, thank God! you brought back
with you, crowning today your poverty with her laurel, and
giving to your children the priceless legacy of your fame.
And now as I look upon you, old soldiers, many of you my
own dear father's men ; when I contrast our straightened
means, our simple life and plain old-fashioned ways with the
wealth, luxury and ambition I have just left, and remember
the occasion that calls us all together, I feel no doubt nor hes-
itance of the grandeur of the lives of my own people ; no fear
of their future so long as they remain true to their old tradi-
tions, and faithful to all that made a Lee possible to them ;
and for my subject tonight I wish to speak to you of that great
man in an aspect which may seem to you strangely familiar,
and it may be deemed by some all too trite.
I shall not speak to you of Lee as the soldier. You followed
him ; you fought with him as such. Nor shall I speak to you
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 241
of Lee in all the varied aspects of his life, such as have been
the theme of poet and orator. You, who heard the oration,
when in bronze his counterfeit was unveiled at Richmond,
would tire of aught that I might say, contrasting it with those
winged words. Tonight I wish to speak to you of—
"Lee, the Virginian."
You may well ask wherein Lee, as the Virginian, differs
from Lee, the American; Lee, the man? I answer you: In no
respect whatsoever. Then why, you ask again, is such a theme
to be selected? I answer, the need is great. Today one dan-
ger which threatens this great land of ours is that men are for-
getting the allegiance they owe to their native states! Aye!
are well-nigh forgetting there are such things as states ; and
it may not be a waste of time to recall, on an occasion like
this, memories of what one man — a great exemplar — thought,
acted, gave up, suffered and endured for his native state. Do
not fear that I shall abuse your patience with theories political
as to what are or what are not states' rights ; nor that I shall
counsel you to harbor unpatriotic thoughts against the great
Union in which the states are now inseparably bound. Born
in war, severed by war, welded now together, as it were by
links forged with the sword, I trust to see those links yet grow
more and more into cords of love, and the perpetuity for
which- every true patriot yearns, become one perpetual union
of hearts. I know that in speaking to you I speak to the truest
patriots, and that if the flag against which you fought four
long years should ever be threatened, no swords would leap
sooner from their scabbards to its defense than the swords of
Lee's own men.
But I wish, in recalling Lee as a Virginian, to recall to your
minds, and to impress upon the minds of the generation
younger than yours, the great importance of a proper appre-
ciation of our own state, the necessity upon our part of a
zealous regard for her proper position in the galaxy of states,
and to speak to you and them of how much love they owe her,
and what they should be willing to give up for her welfare.
I know I shall lay myself open to criticism in much that I
242 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
may say. I may be called vainglorious but I shall not be hypo-
critical. I may be said to repeat things stale and trite. Some
may laugh, as we all do when we hear a well-worn song or
story, and smile at what may seem self-adulation. I believe, in
the last few years — maybe months — one man has publicly
thanked God he was not born in Virginia. In view of much
that properly should be spoken somewhere else ; in view of the
littleness in high places ; the partisan spirit in positions that
should be above the low plane of politics, we may well thank
God that one man was not.
Lee — Virginia ! What a sunburst of glorious memory those
two words call up. Lee — a name as old as the State, linked
inseparably with her earliest days as a commonwealth, and in
her later, wedded with her sublimest glory to the end of time.
Virginia! Do you, my younger brethren, realize what the
words mean?
It has become rather popular of late to sneer at Virginia
and things Virginian. "Oh, we know all about that," they say.
"Your Washington and Madison and Jefferson and Henry
and Monroe and Marshall, and all that sort of thing ; but all
that is gone now. The old State is played out — effete. Be-
yond the time of the conception of great men." "Unus sed
Leo," Aesop tells us was the reply of the lioness to the many-
whelping ape. Show me any commonwealth that within one
hundred years ended the century with a Washington, and in
sixty years gave a Lee to the world, and I will admit I am
wrong.
We are used to the privileges and liberties we enjoy ; we do
not realize to what we owe them.
Religious freedom : Those two words alone — how pregnant
with blessings to the children of men ! It was Virginia that
first made "conscience as free as the breath."
Independence — the freedom of man — the freedom of the
colonies : Perhaps there are some of you younger men who
think, like I once thought, under the influence of school
books published in another section, that all these things first
originated on Boston Common and in Philadelphia. It was in
this old Commonwealth, beginning with Bacon, continuing rit
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 243
Williamsburg, and ending when a Virginian introduced the
resolution that "these united Colonies are, and of right ought
to be, free and independent states," that this idea first took
root ; and at Yorktown, on her own soil, the sword of one
Virginian made a reality of the declaration drawn by another.
And the influence of these free colonies — these free states —
this free America : Who can tell its influence, as far-reaching
and continuing as it is? The world to-day is better, men are
happier, oppression less, because America is free ; and the
origin of American freedom was due to the impulse given it
by Virginia.
In the law : Virginia first originated the great change in the
law of inheritance, once so unfair and conducive to wrong.
And the greatest Chief justice that ever sat upon the bench,
and who gave tone and temper to the whole body of Federal
law, drew his inspiration from a Virginian breast and lived his
life on Virginian soil.
In Education : The Virginia idea — the elective system — to-
day taking possession of every school and university in this
Union — but followed out the idea of universal freedom of
which she was the originator.
The Emancipation of the slave — since accomplished as a
war measure, pure and simple, was a Virginia idea attempted
by her at the foundation of this government to be carried into
effect; and the first actual, earnest political movement to eman-
cipate the slave was commenced in Virginia, and was almost on
the eve of success when the fanaticism of others in the North-
ern states checked and destroyed the movement in this.
I do not say these things in any vainglorious spirit, but sim-
ply to recall to you the fact that our state, as a state, has in the
years of her existence done that which, should she never do
another great act, would render her the pride of her children
throughout all time. To Lee's generation — to your generation,
old soldiers, these things I speak to you are household words.
Woe to us when we forget them ! We therefore must con-
sider Lee, the Virginian, as he stood when Virginia's fate hung
in the balance, and the question presented itself : "Where
shall I go — with the Union, or with Virginia?"
244 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
Lee had been raised amongst men who gave more attention
to the question of the respective rights of the state and the
Union than to any other political question. The spoils of of-
fice, personal pecuniary benefits by means of politics, were un-
known factors in their political arithmetic. They remembered
that there had been a time when Virginia stood free in her own
right, an independent colony, uniting with her sister colonies
in defense against a common enemy. They were keen observ-
ers of all the circumstances and conditions under which the
state adopted the Federal Constitution and had the Bill of
Rights at the tips of their mental fingers. They never doubted
the axiom that governments were instituted deriving their just
powers from the consent of the governed, and that all rights
not expressly delegated to the Federal Government, were ex-
pressly reserved to the state. If .any one state left the Union,
the Union was thereby dissolved and the allegiance to the
state followed as a matter of course.
In Lee's time, and in my recollection, aye up to the time of
the birth of the youngest man who listens to me, there was no
such thing as a citizen of the United States; for until the four-
teenth amendment was adopted, citizenship in the United
States only came by means of citizenship in the state. A man
was a citizen of New York, Pennsylvania or Virginia, and be-
ing such a citizen, was entitled to share in the rights and im-
munities due to the citizen of a state in the Federal Govern-
ment.
Being not a citizen of the Union but a citizen of the state of
Virginia, Lee owed no other allegiance to the general govern-
ment than that which he owed through the state government.
When that state resumed her rank amongst the nations of the
world, he remained her citizen and hers alone.
Thus much in passing to remind you that in Lee's mind, as
is plainly shown both by his conduct and written expressions,
there could necessarily have been not a question as to where
his allegiance was due. But in order to realize what it cost
him to do his duty and go with his native state, we must con-
sider what Lee, the Virginian, gave up.
With the glories of the Union he had much in common. His
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 245
ancestors had shared in them. He himself had done his part
and was recognized as head and shoulders above any officer of
his rank.
An offer had been made to him which might well have daz-
zled any — even the purest minded man. The commandership
of the armies of that Union he had loved so well; the adulation
of thousands of his fellow beings; wealth, honor, fame, all
were offered him, if he would accept that side on which lay
the Union.
What was on the other side? Loss of fortune! He foresaw
with prophetic eye that the beautiful home overlooking the Po-
tomac would be taken from him. Privation, obscurity, sor-
row and want ! Never in the history of man has there been
an occasion where so much was offered to tempt on one side
and so much to deter on the other.
Yet, there never seemed to have been in Lee's mind one
thought of hesitancy. Sorrow there was. Regret that it
might not have been ordered otherwise ; but of doubt or hes-
itance there was not a thought. With an unswerving patri-
otism, with a heroic soul as dauntless as ever faced death or
depair, Lee, the Virginian, put behind him every thought but
Virginia, little deeming that thereby he placed himself for all
time to come as the first Virginian, the exemplar and pattern
of her sons for all the ages. I have but two lessons to draw
from his life tonight, and here I draw the first.
Young Virginian, old Virginian, you, who are thinking of
leaving the old mother to better your fortune or to make your
fame, to you tonight, Lee, though dead, yet speaks, and in his
name I speak to you.
If the constant drain of our young men to other states goes
on in the future as in the past, we may soon have an effete
Virginia — a Virginia shorn of her glory and discrowned of
her greatness. Come, let us reason together a little tonight,
if there be any such here, and haply my voice may through
you reach others. Why are you leaving, or thinking of leav-
ing the old state? You answer, "She is poor; it is hard to
make a living in her borders ; we want riches, fame, wealth,
and we must go elsewhere to get them." So said not Lee, at
246 LEE BIETHDAY ADDRESSES
the supreme moment when wealth and fame and office bade
him leave her. Can you not say the same ? Far be it from me
to discourage worthy ambition or desire for success. But I
believe so firmly success can be won in Virginia as well as
elsewhere, and so serious do I deem the drain of the young
men from her borders that I bid you and them awaken to
what yon owe her, and give up something to help build her up.
I have not without a purpose reminded you of her glorious
past; for with your help I believe her capable of as glorious a
future. It may be you will have to work harder here than in
the great West; endure more and have less pleasure than in
the crowded cities where so many have gone, but it lies within
your power by patterning after Lee's self-denial, by emulating
his stern sense of duty, to build up the waste places in the old
Commonwealth and make her bloom and blossom like the rose.
It may not be in your lot to be sublime figures in your coun-
try's history, but in the ranks of those who made her great
you will have your place, and surely he who does his duty well
shall, if not here, at least hereafter, take his stand amongst
those to whom the King will say, "Well done."
Lee, the Virginian — one other picture, one other lesson, and
I am done.
From the private citizen up through gradations to the idol-
ized commander of the grandest army the world ever saw,
our hero has risen. Victory after victory, is his until over-
whelmed by superior numbers and resources, the end comes.
In all history I know not such a figure.
Returning to his home — alas! not his old home; of that he
had been despoiled — he took up the burden of life again with
an uncomplaining and heroic submission. Again wealth lured
him to leave his native state. You know the story: how a
nobleman in the grand little island from whence, I thank God,
we draw our pure unmixed blood and our love of liberty — of-
fered him a magnificent home and a competency.
A great corporation tendered him a salary larger than that
of the President, for the simple use of his name.
"I cannot leave my people," he said.
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 247
\Yealth and honor had failed to tempt him then. Wealth
and honor could not tempt him now.
And here I draw my second and last lesson from the life of
Lee. the Virginian.
There was no longer any doubt as to the result. When he
made his former choice there was the element of uncertainty;
the risk of danger. Xow, there was no doubt. Poverty had
come : the utter wreck and ruin of all he held dear was around
him, and again he refused to leave his people and his native
state, preferring poverty with them to wealth and honor
amongst others. With quiet dignity- he chose a life of honest
toil, refusing wealth and ease, and once again set an example
to his people worthy to be followed. Here then let us emulate
him again. This is the day of mad rushing after wealth and
ease. In the struggle all is forgotten, but the wealth that per-
ishes. From the highest to the lowest we hear again the mock-
ing quip of "honest" lago. "Put money in thy purse/' Patri-
otism, state pride, old honest methods, integrity — these are but
made subordinate to the acquisition of that which man heapeth
up in vain and cannot tell who shall gather.
To the far-seeing patriot the generation now forging to the
front in the South resembles, more than any other, that which
followed the great change of the first French Revolution. Be-
hind it was a past entirely destroyed, but still throbbing under
its ruins : before it the dawn, trembling on the horizon, the first
gleam of the future. The present age, that which separated
the past from the future, and was neither the one nor the
other: which resembled both at the same time, and in which no
one could tell at any step he made whether that upon which he
trod was a springing seed or the fragment of ruin: of that gen-
eration it is said three voices clamored aloud. The rich said:
"There is nothing true but wealth. Everything else is a dream;
let us enjoy and die/' And those of moderate fortune said:
"There is nothing true but forget fulness. All the rest is a
dream: let us forget and die." And the poor said: "There is
nothing true but misery. All the rest is a dream: let us blas-
pheme and die."
Today it seems to me we hear the first voice crying in the
248 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
street, and unlike wisdom all men regard her. And yet abroad
throughout this land come now and then, dim mutterings that
warn us that the other voices may yet come.
Virginians, shall they come to us? We are on the dawn of
a new prosperity. We grow bright and cheerful with the
thought that a new era, golden and glorious, begins to send its
sun-rays over our mountain tops and into our deepest valleys.
I would stay it not ; tiptoe I would stand to see the first beam,
and welcome it as the traveller does the earliest sun in the
Arctic morn. But if gaining wealth, in gaining prosperity, we
are to turn our backs upon all that has made us glorious in the
past, then despite the temptation of worldly wealth, Oh God,
grant us Lee's spirit. Thou gave us Lee, and let us, like our
noble chieftain, choose the right, the true, the good, with Vir-
ginians* for Virginia : the old time honor, even with the old
time poverty.
Well has his native State in her calendar set apart this day.
Few festal days our lives have given us. One to the Child, im-
mortal, eternal, invisible ; one to the New Year's first light
footsteps; one to the man Virginia gave the Union; one to the
day Virginia gave the Declaration to the world ; one to Thanks-
giving for the fruits and harvest of the field. And now Vir-
ginia adds to her calendar a day consecrated to her greatest
modern son. She has done well. His memory consecrates the
day ; and you, who through fire and sword followed him, have
done well to gather here. Would that some voice more fitting
could have been chosen to sound his praises. And yet, how
vain, how empty are idle words ! Serenely placed beyond the
need of praise, beyond the reach of blame, his majestic figure
fills another niche in the great temple of Virginia's heroes.
Lee, the Virginian ! Long may the survivors of his hard-
fought fields meet on this day to renew the memories of his
glory. May they gather with them the generations that come
after them, and teach them lessons of love for liberty, love for
the Union, love for the cause they fought for, yet to triumph
in the Union.
"Truth crushed to earth will rise again,
The eternal years of God are hers."
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 249
I do not despair. Almost with prophetic eye I can see the
day come when throughout all this land to have been a soldier
of Lee will, by North as well as by South, be recognized as the
highest crown of honor. When against the giant forces of
centralization and paternalism in government shall arise the
majesty of the States, the supreme will of the people ; then
will all recognize the grandeur of your struggle, the patriotism
of your aim. Young men of my generation, of the generation
younger than mine, never in your presence let a word of dis-
paragement be spoken against Lee's cause, Lee's memory, or
Lee's old men.
Old soldiers, to you my heart goes out in thanks for this op-
portunity to tell you how I love you and how I shall teach my
children to love you. To me in your gatherings there is a
depth of pathos unspeakable. For the first time — perhaps for
the last — I have spoken to you assembled Confederate Vet-
erans. Day by day your ranks will thin and the time soon
come when all shall stand to answer at the last great muster
roll. But in the memory of a grateful land your names shall
live as long as patriotism has a place or virtue holds her seat.
When in the years to come I shall gather my children, and
haply my children's children, about my knees, they shall learn
the lessons of your noble lives. To them I shall leave as a
priceless legacy the stainless sword my father wore, the grey
coat consecrated by the years of war, and if honors may be
mine, amongst them all I shall bid them count as one in no de-
gree the least, that Lee's men bade me speak to them of Lee.
and listened lovingly to every word I spoke.
250 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
ADDRESS OF DR. GEORGE L. PETRIE.
Delivered before the John Bowie Strange Camp at their re-
quest, in the Presbyterian Church, Charlottesville, Va., Sun-
day, 8 P. M., Jan. ipth, 1902, by George L. Petrie, chaplain of
the John Bowie Strange Camp.
Allow me, first of all, to express a deep sense of the honor
conferred upon me in your request that I should address you on
this occasion, the anniversary of General Lee's birth. It gives
me great pleasure to greet the John Bowie Strange Camp on
this memorable anniversary. The sacred day, the sacred place,
the extraordinary hero commemorated, and the high calling in
which it is my privilege to serve God, the church and mankind
throw certain restrictions around me, and to some extent de-
termine the course of my remarks.
I do not propose an extensive eulogy of General Robert E.
Lee. For such a task I am not competent, and, were I compe-
tent, he does not need it from me or from any other man. All
verbal panegyrics fall too short of the illustrious subject to
approve the vain attempt.
Ours is the humble effort, perhaps we may say the more sel-
fish effort, to place ourselves in the light that radiates from his
noble life: not to increase his glory, which we cannot aug-
ment, but by it ourselves to be enriched. To know the great
and good is an inestimable blessing: to come into contact with
such is a benediction on human life.
He who stands amidst the grand objects of nature, if he has
an appreciative and responsive soul, is inspired to high thought
and great resolves by surrounding magnitude and majesty.
He is lifted and strengthened and stimulated and enabled be-
yond the ordinary possibilities of his nature. He is stirred to
nobler hope and greater endeavor and higher destiny.
We always catch a little of the glory that we gaze upon ; and
are changed from glory to glory by a vision of the glorious.
To see the beautiful, to think and to know the great : these are
creative in the soul, creative of the beautiful, the good, the
great. An eminent English painter refused to look on inferior
art. He feared its detractive power. Every life is a resultant
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 251
of all the powers that touch it round about. Let us get near
and keep near the good and great. Where are shed the rich-
est blessings of personal influence, there it is well to be. There
are persons whose presence is a benediction, and whose mem-
ory is equally so. Amongst men a more illustrious example of
this happy formative power I do not know than of him whose
name is the bond of our presence here this evening. They
were helped who lived with him. We are helped by thinking
of him and speaking of him here.
This service has a prompting from within us. There is
that in us, divinely engrafted on our nature and ever cherished
by us, which forbids that what is great and good, noble and
worthy, shall ever be forgotten. A perpetual "In Memoriam"
in the human heart celebrates the praises of true worth. By
masterly touch of art. the features of our loved are faithfully
preserved and kept vividly before us. By bronze or marble
shaft their well-earned glories are kept forever fresh. As in
the days of the "blind old bard of Scio's rocky isle," so ever
human lives are set to the music of human songs, and are sung
into immortality of fame. The rapid annalist gathers up and
preserves for future use treasures of human words and hu-
man deeds. The statelier historian, impartial, makes up the
destiny of human names, and assigns to each its niche in the
Temple of Historic Fame.
So by all means at our command, we will not let the memory
of our loved, honored and admired fade "while life and
thought and being last, or immortality endures."
On many a hill of Israel's land, by God's command, stood
and shone conspicuous memorial stones, silent witnesses, but
eloquent in silence, of great events, when God revealed His
mighty hand in Israel's defense. In Deuteronomy we read :
"These words shall be in thine heart. Thou shalt teach them
to thy children, and shalt talk of them when thou sittest in thy
house, and when thou walkest by the way, and when thou liest
down, and when thou risest up. Thou shalt bind them for a
sign upon thy hand. They shall be as frontlets between thine
eyes. Thou shalt write them upon the posts of thy house, and
on thy gates."
252 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
So do we commemorate the great and good man, General
Lee, honored and beloved by all the world, but by no others
with that tenderness, pathos, and devotion which touch the
hearts of all in this Southland. Memorials of stone and
bronze there are, but we offer a tribute better than these, the
pure love and sincere devotion of our hearts.
Unwilling to forget, if we could forget; unwilling that the
lines which trace to human view his great character and bril-
liant career shall ever grow dim and fade away, those lines we
would retouch and retrace by the fresh recital of our love. So
by our rude hands, untutored and unskilled, we would brush
away from the picture all that has gathered to dim or hide its
charms.
This is our heart prompting. These are the thoughts that
breathe, and these the words that burn. This the prompting
to which we yield, when we speak lovingly of him who stood
for us and with us in the day of need, amid the raging of the
storm, till the muttering of the thunder passed away.
There was a sturdy greatness about General Lee. This is so
splendidly true, that the remark seems almost commonplace.
There are lives that never die : lives over which death has no
power. Men sometimes live so that they never die. They dis-
appear, but they live. They cease to be seen, but they live.
Their voices are hushed, but they live. Their records are
made up ; but they live. They cease to frequent the thorough-
fares of men, but theirs is a sacred life: a light that dims not,
a power that loses naught of its strange, true might. Their
lives are memorials, which we build not, but only recognize :
each built by the hero's extraordinary character and career.
They are not rendered illustrious by aught we may do to com-
memorate them. They are illustrious. They have made them-
selves so. We cannot add to the brightness of their fame; but
we may rejoice to draw near and stand in the light, the bright,
pure light of their noble lives.
By universal acclaim, General Lee was a great soldier. When
some one criticised General Joseph E. Johnston, General Lee
remarked : "If General Johnston is not a soldier, we have no
soldier." We may apply the remark to General Lee himself.
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 253
If he was not a great soldier, there has not been a great sol-
dier. His military fame is decreed beyond revision or repeal.
It is a well established fact that it was more than hinted to
him, before he resigned his commission in the United States
army, at the muttering of a coming war, that the command of
the United States army was within his reach. General Scott
earnestly and long prayed him not to resign. It is saying but
little, that General Lee's military career confirmed the judg-
ment formed of his great genius as he stood facing the morn-
ing with life's day still largely before him and life's great work
still largely to be achieved.
But I am in haste to turn our thoughts to the grandeur of
General Lee's character as a Christian man. I wish to feel and
to help others to feel the marvellous power of his life for
good. He was good. Note that. In him goodness was in
union with greatness. Goodness is thus seen in its best light,
and receives its noblest stamp. In such a life we see that good-
ness is not a sickly feeble thing. It is not weakness. It is not
effeminacy. It is never more in place than when it adorns the
strong, the sturdy, the majestic, the great. Goodness is great-
ness in the moral world. Than this lesson there is no richer
legacy left us by the great war of which it is our honor to be
veterans. Men have said that the worst effects of war are its
moral disturbances and upheavels. This is probably true. But
out of those dark shadows there gleams a wondrous light
burning on quenchless and forevermore : the unsullied purity
and unsurpassed goodness of great Christian heroes like Gen-
eral Lee.
It is worth all the deep darkness of a night to see a star of
unusual splendor glow in the shadowed sky. It is worth vast
sacrifice to see how good a great man can be in the times that
try men's souls. In the darkness we have seen the light.
Such a life is a new interpretation of goodness for mankind.
A painter puts on his pallette a stone of standard color to look
at from time to time in order to tone up his vision of the true
color. From time to time God gives us a noble type of good-
ness to tone up our judgment of what real goodness is. Good-
ness is strong, manly, brave and true.
254 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
In the presence and memory of such a character we are
strengthened in our appeals to men to be clothed with Chris-
tian grace. There is a man. Every inch a man. His crown-
ing glory was the gospel grace that beautified his life. His fa-
ther said of him : "Robert was always good." The boy who
was good became a good man, and when a chieftain in war,
bowed his head at the camp-fire prayer meeting the most de-
vout of worshippers. When President of Washington and
Lee University, he said : "I shall not be content till these boys
come to be Christians."
It is manly to be good. Of all that is human there is no bet-
ter ideal for the youth of the land than this illustrious hero in
whose life shone the twin stars of greatness and goodness.
He was loyal to duty. A marked feature of General Lee's
character was his devotion to duty. To be right was supreme.
No temptations to swerve from the right seemed to have power
with him. No offers of rich reward or brilliant prospects of
preferment availed to detach him from the course he believed
to be right.
He judged not others who differed from him. He was no
censor of his fellow men. But his own principles were set-
tled as the adamant of the mountains, and he lived by them.
His own convictions were deep as the foundation of the hills,
and he abode by them. His charity, a great wide mantle, was
thrown over all the world. What a splendid model for us in
this! There were greatness and goodness in sweet and happy
union.
One day General Lee stood at his gate talking to a humble
man, who seemed greatly pleased at the courtesy of the great
chieftain. The man went away. General Lee remarked to a
familiar friend : "That is one of our soldiers in necessitous
circumstances." Then he added: "He fought on the other
side." The soldier went away enriched by a generous contri-
bution-from the great chieftain's purse.
When the storm of war had passed over, and peace had
come with its new trials and its perplexities and cares, no one
more nobly adjusted himself to the new conditions than he
who had led our armies in the days of war.
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 255
The results of war left no rancor in his soul. The failure of
the cause marked no failure in the grand character that es-
poused the cause. It is a worthy lesson. A man needs never
to fail. He may see all go down around him. His plans may
be broken up. His riches may leave him. His hopes may be
sadly disturbed. His conditions may be severely changed. His
surroundings may be utterly confused. Yet the man can stand
triumphant amid all the debris and ruin, himself a peerless
victory. General Lee never failed', nor was he ever conquered.
Personally he was as triumphant in defeat as in the blaze of
victory.
A lady, who had lost her husband in the war, brought her
son to college to General Lee. She was very bitter in her ex-
pressions toward the North. General Lee said to her:
"Madam, do not train up your children in hostility to the Gov-
ernment of the United States. Remember that we are one
country now. Dismiss from your mind all sectional feeling,
and bring them up to be Americans."
Here is a life that was a great success. It is not to be meas-
ured by the success or failure of the special cause in which its
energies were freely spent. It stands above all temporary sur-
roundings : victorious amid ruins, unimpaired by disasters, un-
touched by the failures of little human plans. Within itself
and of itself it is ever a grand success.
It makes not so much difference where a man may be if the
man is there; what sphere he may fill if he fills the sphere;
what external conditions may be his within the limits of what
is honorable, if the spirit of the man be there. Then glory
crowns his life. Only be the man. Let God direct the rest.
Victory will crown the fight.
When all the jealousies and rivalries of war are buried in
the deep, dark past, here is a name, the brightness of which,
shall never dim. Here are glories that shall be claimed by the
world as a rich heritage. Perhaps not merely because he was
great ; others as great have not had the glory ; nor merely be-
cause he was good ; others as good have not had the sound of
praise. But because these two bright lights blended their mar-
vellous rays in one : great as good and good as great, to shed
256 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
their combined and helpful light on the shadowed pathways of
the world.
The light of this great hero's life was a kindled and re-
flected light. Kindled from the Great Light, reflected from
the real. The true light was superior, supreme. Let us be
guided by all that is admirable in him to all that is most ad-
mirable in the perfect character of the Supreme Chieftain.
In literature there is a beautiful allegory of "The Great
Stone Face." A village rested in the shadow of a great moun-
tain. There was a great stone face carved by the ages in the
rocky mountain side. A prophecy there was that there would
come a man who would be a blessing to the village and that his
features would be like the great stone face. Many heard the
prophecy and saw the great stone face and thought of it no
more. A youth of earnest soul treasured the prophecy, and
thought there should be some preparation made for the good
work of the coming man. So he humbly began to speak help-
ful words and do helpful deeds. When he became old, and
his whitened hair about his head was like the mist of the moun-
tain, the villagers said : "The man has come. He is with us.
He has long been with us and has been a great blessing to us
all. He caught the spirit of the prophecy as he gazed on the
stone face of the rocky mountain side."
Let us gaze on the splendid example -of human greatness and
goodness. Let us catch its spirit and grow into its likeness.
Let us fulfil its prophecy, so by its guidance and its help we
shall ever draw nearer to that Supreme One whom to know is
eternal life, and who in us becomes the hope of glory.
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 257
DR. RICHARD HEATH DABNEY'S ADDRESS.
Lee's Anniversary.
CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS NOT REBELS AND TRAITORS.
At the close of Dr. Richard Heath Dabney's address on Lee's
Birthday to the Albemarle Chapter of the Daughters of the Con-
federacy, the veterans of the John Bowie Strange Camp, and
the Monticello Guard, it was voted that he be requested to
write out the address for publication in the Progress. As he
spoke from only a few scrappy notes, it is, of 'course, impossi-
ble for him to repeat the exact language of the address. He
has consented, however, to attempt an approximate reproduc-
tion of his remarks, which were substantially as follows:
Daughters of the Confederacy, Veterans, Guardsmen : I was
told a few days ago that the late Rev. J. William Jones was
suddenly requested, upon an occasion similar to this, to take the
place of a speaker who had failed to turn up. Without a mo-
ment's hesitation he agreed to do so, with the remark that he
was ready at any time, even if awakened in the middle of the
night, to talk about General Lee. But Dr. Jones, whose ardent
soul always burned for the Confederate Cause, had actually
been a follower of Lee. His mind and heart were full to over-
flowing with memories of his great commander, and he was,
moreover, gifted with fluent speech. As for myself, however, I
attempt with trepidation the task assigned me. You expected to
hear that distinguished Confederate soldier, Colonel Bumgard-
ner, but, because of his unfortunate illness, are reduced to the
necessity of listening to one who is merely a Confedrate sol-
dier's son. I commiserate you. Yet what can I do? The
Daughters of the Confederacy have requested me to speak ;
and to a veteran's son a request from the Daughters is equiva-
lent to a command.
His not to reason why,
His not to make reply,
His but to do — or die !
It was suggested by the ladies that, as I was asked to speak
on such short notice, I should repeat what I said on Memorial
258 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
Day two or three years ago. On that day I attempted to defend
the Confederate soldiers against the charge that they had died
in defense of the institution of slavery and the pecuniary value
of their slaves. But, as a number of those hefle to-day were
present then, I cannot bring myself to risk boring them by a
twice told tale. It may be remembered, however, that the sud-
den approach of rain on that occasion forced me to curtail my
speech. I had intended to defend the Confederate soldiers
against another charge also, the charge, namely, that they were
rebels and traitors. With your permission I shall endeavor to
do now, in more detail, what the threatening storm prevented
me from doing then.
What is a "rebel?" In my dictionary I find a rebel to be
"one who revolts from the government to which he owes alle-
giance." Note particularly the words : "to which he owes al-
legiance."
What is a "traitor?" "One guilty of treason.'' And what is
"treason?" According to the United States Constitution, "trea-
son against the United States shall consist only in levying war
against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid
and comfort." But, as a matter of course, such treason can
only be committed by a citizen of the United States. A for-
eigner cannot commit treason. A German cannot commit trea-
son against France, nor a Frenchman against Germany.
Was Lee a citizen of the United States when he drew his
sword against them? Did he then owe allegiance to the United
States government? Let us examine the origin of that govern-
ment before, answering these questions.
It was asserted by Joseph Story and Abraham Lincoln, among
others, that the Union was older than the States, and had ac-
tually created them. This assertion is absolutely untrue; and,
unless we are willing to accuse these illustrious men of wilful
falsehood, we are driven to the alternative of declaring that the'
assertion was due to historical ignorance on their part. Let us
look at the facts.
One of these bed-rock facts is that Virginia not only sent
delegates to the Continental Congress to propose that all the col-
onies should declare themselves independent, but adopted her
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 259
own constitution (including her famous Bill of Rights), and ac-
tually declared herself an independent state on June 29th, 1776,
just five days before the Continental Congress issued the Dec-
laration of Independence for all the states. Shall we say, then,
that the "Union" created the state of Virginia? Or shall we not
rather say that the state of Virginia took the lead in helping to
create the "Union?"
Let us not be deceived by this abstract noun, the "Union."
It is a pure abstraction. Thirteen colonies took joint and con-
current action in proclaiming themselves independent. They
took united action in defending themselves against Great Britain
(just as thirteen individuals, if attacked by highwaymen, might
unitedly defend themselves), but they were "United" States,
in no other sense at that time. Not for five years after the Dec-
laration of Independence did they establish any federal govern-
ment whatever. During all that time, as before that time, the
Continental Congress was nothing but a very large advisory
committee with no legal power whatever. It could and did is-
sue, in the shape of paper currency, its promises to pay — as, for
that matter, any individual or group of individuals could have
done — but it could not make that currency legal tender. It
could merely advise the sovereign states to do so, and they did.
It could levy no taxes whatever, but could only, on almost
bended knee, entreat the sovereign states to contribute money
for the prosecution of the war and for the redemption of its
promises to pay. Where, then, was the "Union" which, in Lin-
coln's imagination, antedated the states and brought them Into
being? So far from being the mighty creator of the states, the
latter contemptuously ignored, to a great extent, the congres-
sional entreaties for money, and forced the impotent advisory
committee at Philadelphia to repudiate practically the whole of
the Continental currency.
Had Lincoln's "Union" been more than a fiction, it could and
would have imposed its will upon its "creatures," the states.
But, as a matter of fact, there was no legal union whatever un-
til the adoption of the Articles of Confederation in 1781, a few
months before the battle of Yorktown. And even that union
was but the shadow of a shade. For the states still refused to
260 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
grant the general government any power to raise taxes or to
deal directly with individual citizens in any way.
The states alone could levy taxes, and they alone could act
directly upon individuals. In the very first of the Articles it
was declared : "Each state retains its Freedom, Sovereignty
and Independence." Can a state, any more than a man, "re-
tain" what it does not already possess? If sovereignty had in-
hered in the ''Union" and if the states had been merely its crea-
tures and underlings, the article would have enumerated the
rights graciously conferred upon these underlings by this pow-
erful sovereign. But there was no such enumeration, because
there was no such sovereign. On the contrary it was the states
that, each and all, "retained" the sovereignty which they al-
ready possessed, and that doled out to their creature, the Union,
such feeble and meagre powers as they chose to confer.
So powerless, indeed, was the alleged "government" of the
"United" States at that time that the individual states went
their several ways, almost forgetful of the existence of Con-
gress. In that body, each state, large or small, had but a sin-
gle vote. No important measure could be passed save by a vote
of nine of the thirteen states. Yet frequently less than half of
the states had delegates present ; even the ratification of the
treaty of peace with Great Britain being delayed for lack of a
quorum. Connecticut put higher tariff duties on goods from
Massachusetts than upon goods from England ; there were in-
terstate boundary disputes almost leading to war; and in some
respects the states treated each other as if they had been foreign
nations.
In short the "Union" was a farce, and, when this fact had
at last become sufficiently manifest, all the states except Rhode
Island (which seemed satisfied with independence without union
with her sisters), sent delegates to the celebrated convention of
1787, at Philadelphia, to see whether the Articles of Confedera-
tion could not be so amended as to make the Union something
more than a name. As the articles themselves forbade any
amendment save by unanimous consent of the states, the out-
look was blue. But the members of the Convention were able
and resolute, and the result of their labors was the new Consti-
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 261
tution of the United States. The old articles had declared not
only that no amendment could be made except by unanimous
consent, but also that. the Union, under the articles^, should be
"perpetual." Yet the framers of the new Constitution, appar-
ently, considering this word to be as meaningless as it is when
used in treaties of peace between foreign nations, calmly de-
cided to break up the "perpetual" Union, and put into the new
Constitution the provision that whenever as many as nine or
more of the states chose to ratify this Constitution, it should go
into effect for those states so ratifying it. In other words, the
framers of this new instrument of government invited any nine
or more states to secede from the "perpetual" Union and form
an entirely new Union. They knew, of course, that neither they
nor anyone else could legally coerce a sovereign state into the
acceptance of this or any other Constitution. Even after its
completion, the Constitution was still a mere proposal ; still had
to be laid before a specially chosen Convention in each state ;
still had to be ratified by such conventions in at least nine states
before acquiring legal validity in a single one of them.
It turned out that eleven of the states decided to ratify the
Constitution. These eleven sovereign states, therefore, seceded
from the old "perpetual" Union and, in accordance with the
provisions of their new Constitution, chose a House of Repre-
sentatives, a Senate and a President of the United States. What-
ever the word "perpetual" in the old Articles of Confederation
may have been intended to mean, the new Constitution contains
no such word. Why not? Was it not because the framers of
the Constitution, about to recommend secession from one "per-
petual" Union, saw the futility of the word in describing the
new Union they were attempting to promote? They hoped, of
course, that this new union would be more enduring than the
old ; but they well knew that states which had already seceded
from the British Empire, which, in their Articles of Confedera-
tion, had each retained its "Freedom, Sovereignty and Inde-
pendence," and which were now about to secede from the Union
created under those articles, would regard their right to secede
from the new Union as a matter of course. Why, then, label
this new Union "perpetual?" If there were some individuals
262 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
who regarded secession from this new Union as illegal, there
can be no doubt in the mind of any judicial historian that the
vast majority thought otherwise. New York, indeed, accom-
panied her ratification of the Constitution with the plain asser-
tion that "the powers of government may be reassumed by the
people whensoever it shall become necessary to their happiness."
Virginia, similarly, declared that "the powers granted under the
Constitution, being derived from the people of the United
States, may be resumed by them, whensoever the same shall be
perverted to their injury or oppression." If all the states failed
to make similar declarations, the reason is probably that they,
in the act of seceding from one Union, considered a declaration
that they could secede from another to be self-evident and there-
fore superfluous.
It so happens that, just as George Washington was elected
President of eleven seceded states, Jefferson Davis, more than
seventy years later, was also elected President of eleven seceded
states. Was Davis a "traitor?" If, so, what was Washington?
Moreover, when we reflect that Rhode Island and North Car-
olina were not in the Union at all when Washington was inaugu-
rated, that for some time afterwards they had no more legal
connection with the United States than England or France, and
that they later entered the Union only when they, of their own
free and sovereign will, chose to do so, what shall we say of
Lincoln's statement that the Union created the states?
The truth is that for many years after the adoption of the
Constitution most Americans regarded it merely as an experi-
ment. Many did not regard it as even a hopeful experiment.
Alexander Hamilton, for example, spoke of it in 1802 as a "frail
and worthless fabric," and in 1804 called democracy a "poison"
and "our real disease." Could he have had his way, we should
have gone to the "British form" of government, which in his
day was oligarchic, the House of Commons being little more
than a caudal appendage to the House of Lords. But there
were others who, instead of desiring a centralized aristocracy,
desired and even threatened or planned secession. In New
England particularly, secession sentiment was strong, and was
frequently outspoken. Such was the case, for example, from
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 263
1807 to 1809, while the Embargo Act was on the statute books.
Such also had been the case when the territory of Louisiana
was purchased from Napoleon in 1803 ; and when the bill to ad-
mit the state of Louisiana was being debated in 1812, Josiah
Quincy of Massachusetts said: "If this bill passes, it is my de-
liberate opinion that it is virtually a dissolution of the Union;
that it will free the states from their moral obligation; and, as
it will be the right of all, so it will be the duty of some defi-
nitely to prepare for a separation, amicably if they can, forci-
bly if they must." Again, during the war with Great Britain,
to which New England was opposed, threats of secession were
heard, and, if the war had not ended when it did, it is by no
means impossible that the deliberations of the Hartford Con-
vention would have been followed by actual secession. So
strong, indeed, was the New England conviction of the right of
secession that as late as 1843 thirteen congressmen, headed by
no less a man that former President John Quincy Adams, is-
sued a statement declaring that the annexation of Texas would
be equivalent to a dissolution of the Union.
If in none of these cases secession actually took place, it was
not because the right was disputed, but simply because the ex-
pediency of such action was not clear to a sufficient number of
persons.
In December, 1860, however, South Carolina considered se-
cession to be not only right but expedient, and her convention,
accordingly, repealed the act by which she had entered the
Union. As Virginia had declared herself independent on June
29th, 1776, without waiting to see what the other colonies
would do, so South Carolina, without waiting for action by the
Southern States, resumed all the governmental powers which
she had temporarily granted to the Union she had helped to
create. By February 1st, 1861, six other states had also se-
ceded, and soon a new Confederation was born.
But the seven Confederate states desired no war. They
wished only to be let alone and to dwell peacefully beside the
Union to which they no longer cared to belong. They did not
begin the war. Abraham Lincoln began it. If A and B have
a quarrel, and A, seeing B draw his pistol, swiftly then draws
264 LEE- BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
his own and fires, who is the aggressor? The Confederates
fired on Fort Sumter, it is true, but only after Seward's
promises to evacuate the fort had been broken and the hostile
fleet with reinforcements and supplies was well on its way.
The people of Virginia passionately loved the Union which
they had done so much to create. On April 4th, her Con-
vention had refused to secede by a vote of 89 to 45. Had
Abraham Lincoln left her alone, she would not have seceded
at all. Nor, in my opinion, would North Carolina, Tennessee
or Arkansas have seceded. Indeed, I venture to express the
opinion — which is of course merely an opinion — that, had
Lincoln made no attempt to coerce the seven seceded states,
they would ultimately have returned to the Union. Many
Northern people had regarded Southern threats of secession
as mere bluff, and some had declared that even South Carolina
could not be kicked out of the Union. Many Southerners,
therefore, had favored secession in order to open the eyes of
the North to the fact that the South, in asserting her rights,
was in deadly earnest. Such Southerners believed that, if the
Southern States actually seceded, they could get better terms,
than within the Union. Unquestionably many Northerners
disbelieved in the right of the United States to coerce the
South, and were eager to make such concessions as might
bring the seceded States back into the Union. Had such con-
cessions been offered, reunion might well have been the result
— reunion without bloodshed.
But such was not to be. Those Northerners who agreed
with Horace Greeley that they did not care to live in a Union
in which some of the states were pinned to the others with
bayonets and who were willing to let the "erring" Southern
sisters "depart in peace," did not have their way. Lincoln
chose to draw the sword, and not simply to draw the sword :
he chose to force Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and
Arkansas to draw it also ; for in calling upon their governors
to furnish troops to conquer the Confederate States, he forced
each state to decide whether she would participate in or re-
sist his aggression. For Virginia, who had always upheld the
principles of state sovereignty, the alternatives were craven
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 265
submission and dishonor on the one hand, or stern resistance
to Lincoln on the other. It did not take her long to decide.
Her governor promptly refused to furnish troops for Lincoln's
use in crushing the South, and her Convention with quick de-
cision reversed its former attitude and declared for secession
by 88 votes to 55. With quick decision, but with agony and
grief at the thought, that Virginia, to escape dishonor, had
been driven to separation from that Union which she had
done more than any other state to create and mould, the ordi-
nance of secession was referred to popular vote and carried
by 128,884 yeas to 32,124 nays. But those voting nay, either in
the Convention or at the popular election, almost unanimously
acquiesced in the decision of the majority. Jubal Early, who-
voted nay in the Convention, is said to have signed the ordi-
nance with iron tears rolling down his cheeks ; and the strong
unionist, John B. Baldwin, when asked what the Union men in
Virginia were going to do, replied : "We have no Union men
in Virginia now. But those who were Union men will stand
to their guns, and make a fight that will shine out on the page
of history as an example of what a brave people can do after
exhausting every means of pacification."
One of the best cartoons brought forth by the great war
now raging in Europe depicts the Kaiser, pointing, with cyni-
cal leer, to the ruined villages and cities of Belgium, and say-
ing to King Albert: "See! You have resisted my will, and
have lost all!" But the King replies: "Not my soul!"
Of material things Virginia lost almost all. Her soil was
drenched with blood and tears. But, like heroic Belgium, she
saved her soul.
An.d Lee? What was his attitude when his native state
severed her legal ties with the old Union and cast her lot with
the new Confederacy? Had he chosen to sell his soul for
power and place, he could have been Commander-in-Chief of
the United States army ; that army with which he had been as-
sociated all his life, that army to whose glory he had contrib-
uted so much by his valor and skill in the Mexican War. Gen-
eral Winfield Scott, his old commander, implored him not to
resign, and the temptation for him must have been tremendous.
266 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
"My husband," wrote Mrs Lee to a friend, "has wept tears of
blood over this terrible war: but he must, as a man and a Vir-
ginian, share the destiny of his state, which has solemnly pro-
nounced for independence." And so, with deep sorrow, but
with firm resolution, he sent his resignation to General Scott
and added the memorable words: "Save in defense of my na-
tive state, I never desire again to draw my sword/'
Was this man a "rebel?" \\ as this man a traitor?" Were
the men who followed his banner rebels and traitors? In the
historical facts which I have laid before you the answer to
these questions may be found, and needs no further statement
from me.
But before closing I wish to quote from two addresses de-
livered shortly after Lee's death by two of his most distin-
guished followers. These quotations will give you a vivid im-
pression not only of Lee's courage and grandeur in battle, but
also of his tenderness and his nobility of soul. I first invite
your attention to the words of Colonel Charles Marshall, Lee's
Chief of Staff, and — I may add — father of my friend and col-
league, Dr. Ham- Marshall, of the University Medical Fac-
ulty.
"On the morning of May 3. 1863, as many of you will re-
member, the final assault was made upon the Federal lines at
Chancellorsville. General Lee accompanied the troops in per-
son, and as they emerged from the fierce combat they had
waged in the depths of that tangled wilderness, driving the su-
perior forces of the enemy before them across the open ground,
he rode into their midst. The scene is one that can never be
effaced from the minds of those who witnessed it. The troops
were pressing forward with all the ardor and enthusiasm of
combat. The white smoke of musketry fringed the front of
the line of battle, while the artillery on the hills in the rear of
the infantry shook the earth with its thunder, and filled the
air with the shrieks of the shells that plunged into the masses
of the retreating foe. To add greater horror and sublimity to
the scene, the Chancellorsville House and the woods sur-
rounding it were wrapped in flames. In the midst of the aw-
ful scene. General Lee mounted upon that horse which we all
I.KK HJKTHJMV ADDRESSES 267
remember so well, rode to the front of his advancing battal-
ions. His presence was the signal for one of those uncon-
trollable outbursts of enthusiasm which none can appreciate
who have not witnessed them. The fierce soldiers, with their
faces blackened with the smoke of battle ; the wounded, crawl-
ing with feeble limbs from the fury of the devouring flames,
all seemed possessed with a common impulse. One long, un-
broken cheer, in which the feeble cry of those who lay helpless
on the earth blended with the strong voices of those who still
fought, rose high above the roar of battle and hailed the pres-
ence of the victorious chief. He sat in the full realization of all
that soldiers dream of triumph ; and, as I looked upon him in
complete fruition of the success which his genius, courage and
confidence in his army had won, I thought it must have been
from some such scene that men in ancient days ascended to the
dignity of the gods. His first care was for the wounded of both
armies, and he was among the foremost at the burning mansion
where some of them lay. But at that moment, when the trans-
ports of his victorious troops were drowning the roar of battle
with acclamations, a note was brought to him from General
Jackson. It was brought to General Lee as he sat on his horse
near the Chancellorsville House, and unable to open it with his
gauntleted hands, he passed it to me with directions to read it to
him. The note made no mention of the wound that General
Jackson had received, but congratulated General Lee upon the
great victory. I shall never forget the look of pain and anguish
that passed over his face as he listened. With a voice broken
with emotion he bade me say to General Jackson that the vic-
tory was his, and that the congratulations were due to him. I
know not how others may regard this incident, but, for myself,
as I gave expression to the thoughts of his exalted mind, I for-
got the genius that won the day in my reverence for the gen-
erosity that refused its glory.
"There is one other incident to which I beg permission to re-
fer, that I may perfect the picture. On the 3rd day of July,
1863, the last assault of the Confederate troops upon the heights
of Gettysburg failed, and again General Lee was among his
baffled and shattered battalions as they sullenly retired from
268 LEE BIRTHDAY. ADDRESSES
their brave attempt. The history of that battle is yet to be writ-
ten, and the responsibility for the result is yet to be fixed. But
there, with the painful consciousness that his plan had been
frustrated by others, and that defeat and humiliation had over-
taken his army, in the presence of his troops, he openly assumed
the entire responsibility of the campaign and of the last battle.
One word from him would have relieved him of this responsi-
bility, but that word he refused to utter until it could be spoken
without fear of doing the least injustice.
"Thus, my fellow-soldiers, I have presented to you our great
commander in the supreme moments of triumph and defeat. I
cannot more strongly illustrate his character. Has it been sur-
passed in history? Is there another instance of such self-ab-
negation among men? The man rose high above victory in one
instance; and, harder still, the man rose superior to disaster in
the other."
The address from which these words have been extracted
was delivered at Baltimore on October 15th, 1870, three days
after General Lee's death. On the same day, at Atlanta, Gen-
eral John B. Gordon said, among other things, the following, in
reference to the closing scene at Appomattox :
"I can never forget the deferential homage paid this great
citizen by even the Federal soldiers, as with uncovered heads
they contemplated in mute admiration this now captive hero as
he rode through their ranks. Impressed forever, daguerreo-
typed on my heart, is that last parting scene with that handful
of- heroes still crowding around him. Few indeed were the
words then spoken, but the quivering lips and the tearful eye
told of the love they bore him, in symphonies more eloquent than
any language can describe. Can I ever forget? Xo, never can
I forget the words which fell from his lips as I rode beside him
amid the defeated, dejected, and weeping soldiers, when, turn-
ing to me, he said, 'I could wish that I was numbered among
the fallen in the last battle.' "
And now, in conclusion, let me read you a tragically beautiful
poem by the English poet and historian, Percey Greg, a man
who so loved and admired the South that he bitterly censured
his own country for failing to aid the Confederate Cause. This
is the poem :
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 269
THE 9TH OF APRIL, 1865.
It is a nation's death cry; yes, the agony is past,
The stoutest race that ever fought, today hath fought its last;
Aye! start and shudder well thou may'st; veil well thy weeping eyes;
England, may God forgive thy part — man cannot but despise.
Aye, shudder at that cry that speaks the South's supreme despair —
Thou that couldst save and savedst not — that would, yet did not dare;
Thou that hadst might to aid the right and heart to brook the wrong;
Weak words of comfort for the weak, strong hands to help the strong.
That land, the garden of thy wealth, one haggard waste appears —
The ashes of her sunny homes are slaked in patriot tears —
Tears for the slain who died in vain for freedom on the field —
Tears, tears of bitter, anguish still for those who live to yield.
The cannon of his country pealed Stuart's funeral knell;
His soldiers' cheers rang in his ears as Stonewall Jackson fell;
Onward o'er gallant Ashby's grave swept war's successful tide;
And Southern hopes were living yet when Polk and Morgan died.
But he, the leader, on whose words those captains loved to wait,
The noblest, bravest, best of all, hath found a harder fate;
Unscathed by shot and steel he passed o'er many a desperate field;
Oh, God ! that he hath lived so long, and only lived to yield !
Along the war-worn, wasted ranks that loved him to the last,
With saddened face and weary pace the vanquished chieftain passed;
Their own hard lot the men forgot, they felt what his must be:
What thoughts in that dark hour must wring the heart of General Lee.
The manly cheek with tears was wet — the stately head was bowed,
As breaking from their shatter'd ranks, around his steed they crowd;
"I did my best for you" — 'twas all those trembling lips could sav—
Ah ! happy those whom death hath spared the anguish of today.
Weep on Virginia ! Weep those lives given to thy cause in vain —
The sons who live to wear once more the Union's galling chain —
The homes whose light is quenched for aye — the graves without a stone,
The folded flag — the broken sword — the hope forever flown.
Yet raise thy head, fair land, thy dead died bravely for the right;
The folded flag is stainless still — the broken sword is bright;
Xo blot is on thy record found — no treason soils thy fame;
Weep thou thy dead — with covered head we mourn our England's shame.
270 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
POST-BELLUM MEMORIES AND THE BATTLE FLAG
OF THE CONFEDERACY.
An address to the Veterans on General Lee's Birthday
Jan. ip, 1918.
BY PROFESSOR THOMAS FiTzHucn OF THE UNIVERSITY OF
VIRGINIA.
As often as I look into the faces of our dear old veterans of
the Confederancy and recall that I did not enjoy the privilege
of being introduced to this strange old world until October of
1862, I am pointedly reminded that all my memories of the
great event in which they bore a leading part only begin where
their experiences ended.
And yet we of the generation that followed your heroic day
have our little memories too, and they all cluster proudly about
the things through which you lived and fought and suffered.
The earliest recollection of my childhood was of an oval gold-
rimmed photograph of my uncle, my mother's youngest brother,
Major Carter Henry Harrison, of the Eleventh Virginia Regi-
ment, who fell mortally wounded in the battle at Manassas on
the 18th of July, 1861, and died on the following morning at
the age of thirty years. I remember that throughout my
earliest childhood that was the proudest recollection I had, and
one which every child in the house was keen to tell the stranger
and visitor about.
I shall never forget one day, so far back in my life that I
can no longer tell when it was or how old I was, that I v/as
walking along Main Street in Fredericksburg, led by the hand
by my father, when suddenly he stopped still, and pointing
quickly to a noble, martial figure in grey with dark slouch lu.t
just turning the corner ahead of us, he said: "My son, yon-
der goes General Lee." That was the first and the last time
that I ever saw the Great Commander.
I remember too very distinctly the Federal garrison that
was left in Fredericksburg after the war, and I have the im-
pression, as I try to think back into those early days, that they
were a very quiet, unobtrusive set of men, who acted as
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 271
though they had received orders to make themselves as. little
conspicuous as possible. I cannot remember ever seeing one
of them in uniform beyond the immediate precincts of the bar-
racks where they were quartered and where their daily drilling
and evolutions were performed.
But the most realistic impressions of the war came to me
when my father carried the family to Chancellorsville to
spend the hot summer months in the country. Here I began
to get into the very thick of its thrilling memories. I learned
to know the very place in the woods where Stonewall Jackson
fell, mortally wounded by the cross-fire of his own out-posts.
In one of my relic-hunting excursions in the neighborhood one
day, I descried at the root of a tree where I was resting, what
appeared to be the weatherworn' end of a small leather strap
sticking suspiciously out of the ground. It pulled loose when
I caught hold of it, and upon digging through the mold I un-
earthed what seemed to me then a fabulous treasure — a crum-
bling cartridge-box with a considerable number of minnie-
balls and several coins. I thought myself the richest kid in
the wilderness at that time. I guess since then small boys
have gotten better off. I know that at that time we were
mighty hard up, and such a find was a big thing. Our two
main ways of earning a little money in the summer time were
cutting sumac and hunting for bullets, fragments of shells,
copper, and old iron in the rain-washed gullies, and especi-
ally in the cornfields after a rain. Many a pound of minnie-
balls did I send or carry to town to sell to Thomas Knox &
Sons, who always gave us the best market price, or its equiva-
lent in dried prunes and cake chocolate.
I remember one summer as we returned from Chancellors-
ville for the winter sojourn in Fredericksburg, I saw standing
in the corner of my father's law-office a tree trunk some eight
or ten feet high and as large around as a man's body, which
looked as if it had been shattered from top to bottom by some
strange inner explosion. It had come from Bloody Angle, at
Spottsylvania Court House, and was on its way to the War
Department at Washington. It was said to have been literally
cut down at the knee by the blasting fire of bullets and canister
272 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
there where it stood at the corner of the woods. It was torn
into thongs and shreds, and the deeply buried and smashed
minnie-balls had burrowed and torn every square inch of its
length and circumference.
On the battlefield of Fredericksburg itself we never suc-
ceeded in finding much lead or other relics of the strife — the
ground had been hunted over too often before we came on the
scene. But we found a world of interest in the breastworks
and clear topography of the battlefield with its sharp-cut lines
of opposing ridges and the long intervening open plain be-
tween. They pointed out to us from the high ground a gap in
the railroad where a whole company of Federal troops huddled
together had been destroyed by a well-directed cannon-shot
from Marye's Heights. There too was the famous cut in the
county road opening out in the plain below Marye's Heights,
where General Cobb and his Georgians poured murderous fire
into the flanks of successive waves of Federal infantry as they
attempted to cross the field between Marye's Heights and Fed-
eral Hill and storm General Lee's position. The tradition is
that the very shell that killed General Cobb was fired from
Federal Hill, the place of his birth.- One summer when I had
returned to Fredericksburg after a long absence, I found that
the exact spot where General Cobb fell mortally wounded had
been marked by a great granite block with an inscription re-
cording the heroic event. The only minnie-ball I ever succeeded
in finding on the battlefield of Fredericksburg, I picked up
amid a host of pebbles at the foot of the low stone wall that
runs along the base of Marye's Heights, and only a few yards
from the Cobb monument. It had evidently been shot from
close quarters, and, hot from the muzzle, the leaden apex was
flattened into the rim of the base.
My first and only personal contact with one of the great
leaders of the war was at the Bingham School in North Car-
olina, where I taught for Colonel Robert Bingham during the
session of 1881-2. In May of 1882 our barracks were de-
stroyed by fire, and General Joseph E. Johnston, who was then
connected with some fire insurance company in the South, came
to Mebaneville to investigate the fire and assess losses for the
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 273
company. Sitting out in the moonlight one night in May of
1882, he told us a story of the latter months of the war, when
his men were hard pressed for food, clothing, and ammunition.
It was a cold winter morning with deep snow on the ground,
and he had gone out at day-break to inspect his camp. Every-
thing was wrapped in stillness in the early dawn of morning.
The smoldering campfires were surrounded by prostrate forms
radiating like spokes of a wheel from the beds of coals and
ashes in the center, while the poorly clad, often half naked,
feet were protruding perilously near the glowing embers.
After riding along for some moments without observing any
signs of life, he came to the outskirts of the encampment where
some sharpshooters had their little batch of tents. Here his
attention was attracted by low voices in earnest conversation
behind one of the tents, and riding up unobserved he stopped
his horse within hearing distance. A tall, raw-boned sharp-
shooter, while busily cleaning his rifle, was giving some good
advice to a young recruit, who had recently come in from the
mountains to join the service, and was himself planning to
make something of a sharpshooter. The older veteran was
telling him earnestly but cheerfully of the desperate plight of
the army, how the men were miserably shod and even ammu-
nition was low, so that great care had to be observed and no
bullets wasted that would not tell in the very best way. "For
example," said he, "I was on the lookout the other day, when
I seen a nice-looking Yank sauntering over the hill. I took aim
and was just about to pull the trigger when I said to myself,
'his boots will be too small for me, I better wait a while.' I
had'n more'n said it to myself, when here comes a great big
fine-looking fellow 'bout my size, and I drew a bead on him,
and them's the boots!"
I learned first fully to realize the magnitude of Lee's mili-
tary genius when I went to Europe some years later to study,
and heard from German military men of their transcendent ad-
miration for him. At a gathering of German officers I was
told by one of them that General Lee's campaigns were the
text-book of their War Department, and that every German
officer in their military school was required to make a careful
274 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
study of them. He said that the most wonderful thing about
it all was, not merely the brilliant victories that Lee won over
incredibly superior numbers, but the fact that for four years,
while often standing at bay, he was able to fight off over-
whelming strength backed by the whole power of the national
government.
When the Daughters of the Confederacy invited me to en-
tertain our Veterans with my Post-Bellum Memories, they re-
quested that I should also rehearse the story of the Battle-
Flag of the Confederacy. This I can best do in the words of
Carlton McCarthy in his Soldier Life in the Army of North-
ern Virginia, Richmond, 1884, p. 219:
"This banner, the witness and inspiration of many victories,
which was proudly borne on every field from Manassas to Ap-
pomattox, was conceived on the field of battle, lived on the
field of battle, and on the last fatal day ceased to have place
or meaning in the world. But the men who followed it, and
the world which watched its proud advance or defiant stand,
see in it still the unstained banner of a brave and generous
people, whose deeds have outlived their country, and whose
final defeat but added lustre to their grandest victories.
"It was not the flag of the Confederacy, but simply the ban-
ner, the battle-flag, of the Confederate soldier. As such it
should not share in the condemnation which our cause received,
or suffer from its downfall. The whole world can unite in a
chorus of praise to the gallantry of the men who followed
where this banner led.
"It was at the battle of Manassas, about four o'clock of the
afternoon of the 21st of July. 1861, when the fate of the Con-
federacy seemed trembling in the balance, that General Beau-
regard, looking across the Warrenton turnpike, which passed
through the valley between the position of the Confederates
and the elevations beyond occupied by the Federal line, saw a
body of troops moving towards his left and the Federal right.
He was greatly concerned to know, but could not decide, what
troops they were, whether Federal or Confederate. The sim-
ilarity-of uniform and of the colors carried by the opposing
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 275
armies, and the clouds of dust, made it almost impossible to
decide.
"Shortly before this time General Beauregard had received
from the signal officer, Captain Alexander, a dispatch, saying
that from the signal station in the rear he had sighted the col-
ors of this column, drooping and covered with the dust of
journeying, but could not tell whether they were the Stars and
Stripes or the Stars and Bars. He thought, however, that they
were probably Patterson's troops arriving on the field and re-
enforcing the enemy.
"General Beauregard was momentarily expecting help from
the right, and the uncertainty and anxiety of this hour
amounted to anguish. Still the column pressed on. Calling a
staff officer, General Beauregard instructed him to go at once
to General Johnston, at the Lewis House, and say that the en-
emy were receiving heavy reinforcements, that -the troops on
the plateau were very much scattered, and that he would be
compelled to retire to the Lewis House, and -there re-form,
hoping that the troops ordered up from the right would arrive
in time to enable him to establish and hold the new line.
"Meanwhile the unknown troops were pressing on. The day
was sultry, and only at long intervals was there the slightest
breeze. The colors, of the mysterious column hung drooping
on the staff. General Beauregard tried again and again to de-
cide what colors they carried. He used his glass repeatedly,
and handing it to others begged them to look, hoping that their
eyes might be keener than his.
"General Beauregard was in a state of great anxiety, but
finally determined to hold his ground, relying on the promised
help from the right ; knowing that if it arrived in time victory
might be secured, but feeling also that if the mysterious column
should be Federal troops the day was lost.
"Suddenly a puff of wind spread the colors to the breeze.
It was the Confederate flag — the Stars and Bars! It was
Early with the Twenty-Fourth Virginia, the Seventh Louisiana,
and the Thirteenth Mississippi. The column had by this time
reached the extreme right of the Federal lines. The moment
the flag was recognized, Beauregard turned to his staff, right
276 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
and left, saying 'See that! The day is ours!' and ordered an
immediate advance. In the meantime Early's brigade de-
ployed into line and charged the enemy's right ; Elzey, also,
dashed upon the field, and in one hour not an enemy was to be
seen south of Bull Run.
"While on this field and suffering this terrible anxiety, Gen-
eral Beauregard determined that the Confederate soldier must
have a flag so distinct from that of the enemy that no doubt
should ever again endanger his cause on the field of battle.
"Soon after the battle he entered into correspondence with
Colonel William Porcher Miles, who had served on his staff
during the day, with a view to securing his aid in the matter,
and proposing a blue field, red bars crossed, and gold stars.
"They discussed the matter at length. Colonel Miles thought
it was contrary to the law of heraldry that the ground should
be blue, the bars red, and the stars gold. He proposed that the
ground should be red, the bars blue, and the stars white. Gen-
eral Beauregard approved the change, and discussed the mat-
ter freely with General Johnston. Meanwhile it became known
that designs for a flag were under discussion, and many were
sent in. One came from Mississippi ; one from J. B. Walton
and E. C. Hancock, which coincided with the design of Colonel
Miles. The matter was freely discussed at headquarters, till,
finally, when he arrived at Fairfax Court House, General
Beauregard caused his draughtsman (a German) to make
drawings of all the various designs which had been submitted.
With these designs before them the officers at headquarters
agreed on the famous old banner — the red field, the blue cross,
and the white stars. The flag was then submitted to the War
Department, and was approved.
"The first flags sent to the army were presented to the
troops by General Beauregard in person, he then expressing
the hope and confidence that they would become the emblem
of honor and of victory.
"The first three flags received were made from ladies' dresses
by the Misses Carey, of Baltimore and Alexandria, at their
residences and the residences of friends, as soon as they could
get a description of the design adopted. One of the Misses
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 277
Carey sent the flag she made to General Beauregard. Her sis-
ter presented hers to General Van Dorn, who was then at Fair-
fax Court House. Miss Constance Carey, of Alexandria, sent
hers to General Joseph E. Johnston.
"General Beauregard sent the flag he received at once to
New Orleans for safe keeping. After the fall of New Or-
leans, Mrs. Beauregard sent the flag by a Spanish man-of-war,
then lying in the river opposite New Orleans, to Cuba, where
it remained till the close of, the war, when it was returned to
General Beauregard, who presented it for safe keeping to the
Washington Artillery, of New Orleans.
"This much about the battle-flag, to accomplish, if possible,
two things : first, to preserve the little history connected with
the origin of the flag; and, second, to place the battle flag in
a place, of security, as it were, separated from all the political
significance which attaches to the Confederate flag, and de-
pending its future place solely upon the deeds of the armies
which bore it, amid hardships untold, to many victories."
And who shall tell the heroic incidents that marked the his-
tory of the four years of that battle-flag's life ! Who more
beautifully than Mrs. Margaret J. Preston in her poem, The
Color Bearer, which was the proudest declamation of my boy-
hood days, and which I want to recite to you in concluding:
The shock of battle swept the lines,
And wounded men and slain
Lay thick as lie in summer fields
The ridgy swaths of grain.
The deadly volleys belched their fire,
The raking cannon pealed,
The lightning flash of bayonets
Went glittering around the field.
On rushed the gallant "Twenty-Fourth"
Against the bristling guns,
Whose blaze could daunt or dazzle them
No more than could the sun's.
278 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
It mattered not though heads went down,
Though stately steps were stayed —
Though rifles dropped from bleeding hands,
And ghastly gaps were made.
"Close up!" was still the stern command.
And with unwavering tread
They held right on though well they knew
They tracked their way with dead.
As fast they pressed with laboring breath,
Clinched teeth and knitted frown,
The sharp and sudden cry rang out :
"The Color-Bearer's down!"
Quick to the front sprang eagerly
The youngest of the band,
And caught the flag still tightly held-
Within the fallen hand.
With cheer he reared it high again,
Yet claimed an instant's pause
To lift the dying man and see
Whose pallid face it was.
"Forward!" the captain shouted loud,
Still "Forward!" and the men
Caught madly up the shrill command.
And shrieked it out again.
But moveless stood the fair-faced boy
Without a foot's advance,
Until the Captain shook his arm,
And roused him from his trance.
His home had flashed upon his sight —
That blest and sunny spot —
He did not hear the crashing shells,
Nor heed the hissing shot.
LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES 279
He saw his mother wring her hands,
He heard his sister's cries;
And tears were on his girl-like cheek,
And grief was in his eyes.
The touch dissolved the spell — he knew,
He felt the fearful stir ;
He raised his head and softly said:
"He was my brother, Sir!"
Then grasping firm the crimson flag
He flung it free and high,
While patriot passion stanched his tears,
And drank his sorrow dry.
Between his close-set teeth he spake,
And hard he drew his breath —
"I'll bear this flag to victory,
Or bear it, Sir, to death !"
The bellowing batteries thundered on,
The sulphurous smoke rose higher,
And from the columns in their front
Poured forth the galling fire.
But where the bullets thickest fell,
Where hottest raged the fight,
The steady colors tossed aloft
Their trail of crimson light.
Firm and indomitable still
The "Twenty-Fourth" moved on —
A dauntless remnant only left,
The brave three-score were gone!
And now once more the cry arose,
Which not the guns could drown —
"Ho, boys! Up with the flag again!
The Color-Bearer's down!"
280 LEE BIRTHDAY ADDRESSES
They sought to loose his grasp, but fast
He clung with iron will —
"The arm that's broken is my left,
So I can hold it still."
And "Forward ! Forward ! Twenty-Fourth !"
Rang out above the roar,
When suddenly the guiding flag
Sank and was seen no more.
And when the fiery fight was done
And from the bloody field
The battered "Twenty-Fourth" withdrew,
Because they would not yield —
They found a boy whose face still wore
A look resolved and grand —
A rent and riddled flag close clutched
/ Within his shattered hand.
Appendix
ALBEMARLE COUNTY IN THE CIVIL WAR
(Taken mainly from the summary of R. A. Brock, Secretary of the
Virginia Historical Society, in the Special Virginia Edition of Hard-
esty's Encyclopedia, 1884.)
The fortunes of war left the muster rolls of the Confederate
States government mainly in the possession of the enemy, and it
is believed that the following Roll of Honor of the soldiers who
fought for the Lost Cause from Albemarle is as complete as it can
be made.
Where no other date of enlistment is given, it was in the first
year of the war. Where no other date is given of death or dis-
charge, the service was till the close of the war. Where no rank
is given, the enlistment was as private. In the miscellany are
rosters of some now residents in this county, who enlisted and
served from other counties.
NINTEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, HUNTON's BRIGADE, PICKETT's
DIVISION, LONGSTREET'S CORPS.
[Regimental history furnished by Adjutant C. C. Wertenbaker.]
The 19th Regiment of Virginia Infantry was composed of the
following companies: Co. A, Monticello Guard, from Charlottes-
ville, commanded by Capt. W. B. Mallory at the time it was called
into service; Co. B, Albemarle 'Rifles, Capt. R. T. W. Duke from
Charlottesville; Co. C, Scottsville Guards, Capt. A. W. Gantt; Co.
D, Howardsville Guards, Capt. Josiah Faulkner; Co. E, Piedmont
Guards, Capt. Charles Peyton, from the Stony Point neighborhood;
Co. F, Capt. Bennett Taylor, raised in different parts of Albemarle
county; Co. G, Capt. Thomas Boyd, from Nelson county, in the Tye
River neighborhood; Co. H, Capt. Ellis, from Amherst Courthouse,
Virginia; Co. I, Capt. Taylor Berry, Amherst county; Co. K, Albe-
marle County men.
The first colonel of the regiment was Philip St. George Cocke, of
Powhatan, who, up to the time the Virginia troops were turned
over to the Confederate government commanded the whole of the
Virginia forces in Northern Virginia. He never took command of
the regiment, and the only official act he ^ver performed as colonel
of the Nineteenth was to appoint First Lieutenant C. C. Werten-
282 APPENDIX
baker, of Co. A, as adjutant of the regiment. Gen. Cocke com-
manded the Third Brigade (in which the Nineteenth was) and after
the first battle of Manassas was promoted brigadier general. He
committed suicide soon after, and- the writer has no doubt that his
having been taken from the supreme command of the Virginia
army, and reduced to a regimental commander, was what caused
his death.
Lieutenant-Colonel John Bowie Strange was the actual com-
mander of the regiment, and to him was due the drill and discipline
of the command. Major Henry Gantt, of Scottsville, was the third
field officer.
Companies A and B went to the first capture of Harper's Ferry,
but were ordered back by Governor Letcher, and after a few days
at home in Charlottesville, spent in equipping themselves for the
struggle they knew was coming, they were ordered to Culpeper
Courthouse. There the other seven companies joined them, and the
command was sent to the front at Manassas. They were not fully
engaged at first Manassas, as they were holding Lewis Ford in the
early part of July 21, but got into the battle just before its close.
They lost one man killed and several wounded. The Nineteenth
from this time forward was a part of Longstreet's command, and
was hotly engaged in nearly all of the battles in Virginia — Wil-
liamsburg, Seven Pines, Seven Days Fight Around Richmond, the
battles in Maryland, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Cold Harbor, Five
Forks, Sailors Creek, etc. They saw service in North Carolina, etc.,
indeed, were in nearly all the battles. Col. Strange was killed at
Boonsboro, on South Mountain, Col. Ellis at Gettysburg. Col.
Henry Gantt was badly wounded at Gettysburg. Major Woodson
was killed whilst commanding the regiment at second Cold Harbor.
Col. Charles Peyton lost an arm in Maryland, and many men were
killed in battle and many died from wounds and exposure. The
regiment numbered about 800 men when first formed. Its conduct
was always excellent in the field, and its "esprit dc corps" was ex-
cellent to the last. It, together with the remnant of Pickett's Di-
vision, was captured at Sailors Creek just before the surrender.
The battle flag of this regiment, now in possession of Sergeant
James Perley, of Charlottesville, was the one used by the Nine-
teenth for a portion of the time it was in service. When it became
too much shot to pieces to hold together, a new flag was substi-
tuted. The regiment had several whilst in service. The men who
served in this regiment have, since the war, been quiet and hard-
working citizens, and, with few exceptions, are respected and law-
abiding men. The roster of many of this regiment from Albemarle
county will be found in the miscellaneous service.
APPENDIX
283
COMPANY A, NINTEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
(Monticello Guard)
Captain, William B. Mallory, discharged April 16, 1862.
First lieutenant, C. C. Wertenbaker. Second lieutenant, John W. C.
Stockton.
Third lieutenant, John C. Culin, promoted captain; wounded seven
times.
First sergeant, H. F. Dade.
Second sergeant, R. W. Bailey, promoted second lieutenant.
Third sergeant, W. B. Littelier, captured at Yorktown, June 4,
1862; held at Point Lookout.
Fourth sergeant. S. F. Wingfield.
First corporal, C. H. Wingfield.
Third corporal, G. A. Galley.
Allen, John A.
Bacon, W. O.
Brown, W. H.
Browman, J. H.
Buck, James R.,
Lookout.
captured June 3,
Fifth sergeant, A. H. Huffman.
Second corporal, James Seeley.
Fourth corporal, C. Lightbicker.
Bailey, G. M.
Bacon, D. M.
Brown, J. J.
Barkland, J. F.
1862, at Yorktown; held at Point
Batcheller, John. Collier. H. H.
Culin, William. Culin, George W.
Cloa, John W. Cloa. W. J.
Cloa, J. L. Clark, W. D.
Christian, Samuel J., wounded June 29, 1863, at Westminster.
Degan, Henry. Doud, John W., Jr.
Dobbins, R. L. Foster, W. K.
Dewitt, John D., wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Franks, William M. Frease, H. P.
Goolsbey, J. M. Goodwin, G. T.
Gibson, James. Houchins, Thomas M.
Houchins, J. W., captured July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; held at Fort
Delaware.
Hill, John W., promoted third lieutenant; captured July 3, '63, at
Gettysburg.
Johnson, G. T.
Johnson, W. A.
Jones, J. R.
Kidd, W. P.
Kiley, S. H.
Jones, S. S.
killed August 30, 1862, at Manassas.
Jones, William T.
Kinnie, C.
Lady, A. G.
Lorsh, Henry, wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Mallory, James E., promoted first lieutenant; wounded June 3,
1864, at Cold Harbor.
Mallory. George J. McMullen, R. L.
Moran, G. N. McKinnie, John.
Manns, W. W. Manley, T. J.
Mooney, Joseph, enlisted September, 1862; wounded and captured
at Hatchers Run, March 31, 1865; held at Fortress Monroe.
O'Toole. P Perley, W. E.
Pierce, W. X. Pierce, M. L.
Paine. W. M. Pourts, T. S. L.
Quache, J. M. Randolph, T. J. X.
Rainbough, J. E. Slayton, J. W.
284 APPENDIX
Sargent, N. R. Shannon, R.
Snead, Gideon. Twitie, S. C.
Vaughn, W. H. Vandegrift, S. C.
Vandegrift, R. C. Wortenbaker, T. G.
Wingfield, R. F., killed July 30, 1862, near Richmond.
Wingfield, M. W., wounded September 2, 1862, at Seven Pines.
Wingfield, A. C. Wingfield, R. S.
Wingfield, T. H. Wingfield, George W.
COMPANY E, NINTEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
Barksdale, Frank, captured at Yorkstown, 1862; held at Fort Dela-
ware.
Bragg, J. Y., sergeant; promoted lieutenant and captain; captured
at Gettysburg, 1863; held at Johnsons Island.
Byers, D. H., wounded at Seven Pines, 1862.
Gilliam, James S., discharged 1861. Goss, John W., discharged 1862.
Goss, W. W., lieutenant; promoted captain; killed at Gettysburg,
July 3, '63.
Johnson, William W., wounded and captured at Yorktown, April,
1862; held at Fort Delaware.
McCallister, W. T., discharged 1862.
Minor, Peter, killed at Gettysburg, 1863.
Mooney, Madison, accidentally shot near Richmond; died August
1, 1864.
Sandridge, J. J, color bearer; wounded June 27, 1862, at Seven
Pines; killed at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.
Salmon, Thomas B., promoted corporal; wounded 1862" at Williams-
burg, and 1864 at Selma, Alabama; captured 1865 at High
Bridge; paroled.
Thurman, B. W., lieutenant; discharged 1862.
Vaughan, C. G.
Vaughan, W. J., detailed to quartermaster's department.
Wood, Alfred T.
Wood, Robert, wounded at Seven Pines, 1862; discharged 1862.
COMPANY K, NINETEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
Babert, T. F., wounded at second Manassas, August 9, 1862; dis-
charged November 20, 1862.
Bailes, John T., wounded at Fairfax C. H., 1861; captured at
Boonesboro 1862; paroled.
Bailes, M. G., enlisted 1862; captured at Boonesboro 1862; paroled.
Barksdale, James I. Barksdale, William I.
Black, Nicholas J., first sergeant; wounded and captured at Gettys-
burg, July 3, 18631; held at Baltimore.
Black, N. M., third sergeant.
Black, Robert, wounded 1865 at Hewlett House; died June 12, 18*67.
Black, William, promoted color bearer; wounded at Gettysburg,
July 3, 1863.
Burton, B. L., enlisted March 3, 1862; promoted corporal; wounded
September 5, 1862, at Coffins Farm; July 3, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; March 27, 1865, at Hewlett House; captured April 6,
1865, at Sailors Creek; held at Newport News; discharged June
15, 1865.
Dollins, Alexander M., died August 25, 1861.
APPENDIX 285
Dollins, John A.; died February, 1862.
Dollins, S. M. C.
Dollins, William R., died October 7, 1861.
Grimstead, James H., first lieutenant; wounded at Gettysburg, July
3, 1863; died July 7, 1863.
Grimstead, Richard J., promoted second lieutenant; wounded at
Five Forks, March 27, 1865.
Hawkins, Samuel A., enlisted May 10, 1862; color bearer; wounded
and captured at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; held at Point Look-
out.
Humphries, William, died August 1, 1861.
Jeffries, J. T. Lane, Xehemiah.
Leathers, James A., wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; captured
at Roanoke, February, 1862; paroled.
Leathers, W. H., corporal.
Martin, Henry, wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.
Martin, James D., enlisted 1862; wounded at Sharpsburg, 1862; cap-
tured at Frederick City, 1862.
Martin, J. J., wounded and captured at Sharpsburg, September 17,
1862; held at Frederick City; discharged January 9, 1863.
Martin, Joseph X., died March 4, 1863.
Martin, J. W. Martin, Joel X., enlisted 1862; dead.
Martin, S. G., lieutenant; promoted captain; wounded and captured
at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; held at Johnsons Island.
Martin, Sylvester, promoted third lieutenant and captain; wounded
at Gainesboro, 1863; wounded and captured at Gettysburg, July
3, 1863; held at Johnsons Island; discharged February 10, 1864.
Martin, William T.
Powell, James A., promoted first sergeant.
Powell, Thomas A. Rea, John A., captain.
Rea, J. H., wounded at Gaines Mills, July 7, 1862.
Robertson, A. J., second lieutenant; wounded at Cold Harbor; killed
at Gaines Mills.
Roles, Charles E., third lieutenant. Troter, Lewis, killed at
Boonesboro, '62.
Woods, John J., wounded and captured at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863;
held in hospital; died July 20, 1863.
Woods, John J., corporal; wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, '63; died
July 16, '63.
Woods, Robert H., captured at South Mountain, September 15,
1862; paroled, four months afterwards exchanged.
Wood, William H., wounded June 3, 1862, at Seven Pines.
Woodson, D. P., wounded Xovember 30, 1865, Hatchers Run.
Woodson, James, killed at Boonesboro, 1862.
Woodson, James Garland, first lieutenant; promoted captain and
major; wounded at Sharpsburg and Gettysburg; killed at Cold
Harbor, June 3, '64.
Wolf, George, killed at Boonesboro, 1862.
Wolf, William, killed at Boonesboro, 1862.
Yancey, John F., sergeant.
COMPANY E, FORTY-SIXTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, WISE'S BRIGADE.
Enlisted May 9, 1861.
Captain J. C. Hill, promoted major; wounded at Petersburg, June
1864.
First lieutenant, J. M. Page, promoted adjutant; discharged 1863.
286 APPKNWX
Second lieutenant, J. C. Chercans, promoted captain.
First sergeant, D. N. Patterson, promoted 3d lieutenant; killed at
Petersburg.
Second sergeant, J. J. Noel, promoted third lieutenant; discharged
Third sergeant, John S. Watts.
McAllister, W. T., enlisted 1862. Mallory, W. I .
Moon, Scarlar, killed June 15, 1804, at Petersburg.
Tapscote, James N., enlisted March 1, 1862.
COMPANY I, FORTY-SIMM VIKC.INIA JNI'ANTKY, WISF/S HKKJADI.
Harris, James O., died May, 1872.
Jones, B. P., corporal; captured December, 1861, at Roanokc Is-
land; paroled.
Jones, Jefferson L., captured December, 1861, at Roanokc Island;
paroled.
Jones, N. W.
Jtmes, Robert M., enlisted June 1, 1863; wounded at Petersburg,
February 5, 1865; died March i, isn.v
Jones, W. H., wounded at Petersburg, November <">, IH62; died No-
vember 6, '67.
Keller, Jacob F., enlisted August 12, 1862.
Kidd, George M., enlisted April. 1862; promoted second sergeant;
wounded August 3, 1864, at Petersburg.
Kritxer, J. I., promoted corporal; wounded and captured at Hatch-
ers Run, March 31, 1865; held at Fortress Monroe; discharged
July 1, 1865.
Moon, Jacob, captured April I, 1865, at Five Forks; held at I'oint
Lookout; discharged June 25, 1865.
Moon, James P., enlisted July 20, 1862.
Reeves, Tucker, wounded June 17, 1864, at Petersburg; killc-d April
I, 1S65, at Five Forks.
Shackleford, William, killed June 17, 1864, ai
Wash, C. C., captured at Roanoke Island, December, 1861; paroled.
'I III. IIFIV HXTH AND FIPTY-SKVKNTII INFANTRY
Received each a company of men from Albemarlc county. The
former was assigned to Hunton's, the latter to Armstead's Brigade,
and both brigades were a part of Pickett's Division, Longstreet's
Corps, Army of Northern Virginia. The two companies from M
bemarle that went out with these regiments have the glorious rec-
ord that has rendered that division the admiration of the world to-
day, and will forever perpetuate its deeds among the most heroic
of military annals, and the following rosters will show the costly
price that was cheerfully paid by Albemarlc comity nn-n toward
that end.
COMPANY II, I'JI-'TY-SIXTII VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
Captain, J. A. Michie.
First lieutenant, T. G. Michie, discharged April 20, 1862.
Second lieutenant, G. W. Early.
APPENDIX
Third lieutenant. E. O. Michie, discharged 1862,
First sergeant. J. T. Durrette. promoted hospital steward and act-
ing assistant surgeon.
Second sergeant. H. C. Michie. promoted captain.
.•ant. James R. Maupin. wounded and captured at Gettysburg,
Fuly 3. 1863; held at Davis Island; discharged XovembV
Third sergeant. John R. Maupin. promoted second lieutenant.
.tnt, William R. Wood, promoted orderly sergeant: wounded
and captured at Farmville. April 6. IS65; held at Point Look-
out.
Corporal. William Ballard. killed. Corporal. Orion Michie. killed.
Corporal David G. Maupin, wounded at Gaines Mills; killed at
Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.
Rallard. Joseph M.. died February. 186*.
Ballard. J. T.. captured at Fair Oaks. June 30, 186$; held at Fort
Delaware.
Hallard. William G.. killed at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863.
Bcddo\\s. Xash, deserted and shot.
Bellew. John R.. died March. 1S64. Brown. Richard, corporal.
Brown, Thomas, killed.
Bowen. L. M., enlisted 1863; captured July 3. 1S63. at Gettysburg;
held at Point Lookout; discharged July 4, 1862.
Bowen, f oseph A., enlisted 1863. Bailey.
Blackwe'll. R. B.. enlisted March. 1S62; captured July 3, 1863. at
Gettysburg; held at Baltimore: wounded at Howlett House,
June 17. 1S64. in Chesterfield county. Virginia.
Blackwell. James, promoted orderly sergeant: wounded and cap-
tured at Gettysburg. July 3. 1863; held at Baltimore; released
after three months: wounded at Gaines Mills.
Coleman. William G., enlisted March 20. l>*2; wounded June. 1863,
at Gaines Mills.
Dunn. Elijah J.. enlisted Augx> - wounded July 3, 1863. at
Gettysburg; captured April 2. isrt.%. at Hatchers Run; held three
months at Petersburg.
Dunn, Thomas \V.. enlisted March 17. 1862; killed at Gettysburg,
July 3. 1863.
Dunn, George M.. enlisted March IT. 1$&J; died September. 1S64.
from injuries received in the service.
Davis, M. P., enlisted 18«. Dudley. P.
Robert, killed 1S63, at Gettysburg.
Garrison. White. Harlow, Samuel.
Gibson. Merriman. enlisting March is. 1S62; captured March 29,
1864. at Hatchers Run: held at Point Lookout; discharged July
20,
Gibson. Peter, enlisted March IS. 1862; discharged on account of
over age.
Gibson. Henry T.. enlisted March 17. 1862: killed at Gettysburg.
July 3. 1863.
Herring. Frank. Herring. George, died.
Jones. John A., sergeant; captured at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; held
at Point Lookout. Jordan. .
Kirby, James. Kirby, .
McCauley. . Murry. .
Murry. Tames, died 1861. Morris, Eli.
Moms, . Miller, .
McAllister. , killed 1863, at Gettysburg.
288 APPENDIX
Maupin, Clifton P., enlisted August, 1864.
Maupin, Burnett C., killed at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.
Maupin, Carson B., killed at Gettysburg, 1863.
Norris, James H., enlisted March 17, 1862; captured July 3, 1863, at
Gettysburg; held at Point Lookout and Fort Delaware; dis-
charged June 15, '65.
Rhodes, H., wounded 1862, at Gaines Mills; 1863, twice near Rich-
mond; 1864, at Cold Harbor.
Rhodes, Hezekiah. Rice,
Rhodes, Franklin, killed 1862, at Malvern Hill.
Richards, Dr. John S., enlisted 1862; lieutenant; promoted assistant
surgeon 7th North Carolina Infantry; discharged, 1863.
Shiflett, Smith. Shiflett, Durrett.
Shiflett, Marshall, shot by mistake as deserter.
Sandridge, George W., killed July 3>, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Sandridge, Wm., died 1863. Tappee, Charles. '
Via, W. H., enlisted June, 1862.
Wood, C. C., enlisted April 25, 1862; wounded at Cold Harbor; cap-
tured at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; held at Fort Delaware.
COMPANY H, FIFTY-SEIVENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
Captain, John B. Magruder, pjomoted major, lieutenant colonel and
colonel; killed at Gettysburg, 1863.
First lieutenant, William W. Minor, Jr., discharged May, 1862.
Second lieutenant, William L. Randolph, discharged May, 1862.
Third lieutenant, R. Lewis Rogers, promoted captain; killed 1864.
Orderly sergeant, J. B. Ward, died February, 1862.
First sergeant, William Thompson, promoted second lieutenant and
captain.
Second sergeant, C. N. Rogers, discharged 1862, on account of ill
health.
Third sergeant, George A. Wood, promoted hospital steward and
acting assistant surgeon.
Fourth sergeant, Thomas W. Thompson, promoted first lieutenant.
First corporal, James A. Biggins, killed 1862, at Malvern Hill.
Second corporal, A. H. Saunders.
Third corporal, C. C. Wood, promoted first sergeant.
Fourth corporal, J. B. Ward, died 1862.
Allen, Edgar. Bragg, R. F.
Bragg, Coleman. Bragg, H. L.
Bragg, H. R., died 1863. Bragg, James T.
Bacon, W. D. Belleney, B. F.
Bellamy, George W. Black, J. T., died 1862.
Bowran, Jacob R. Bowran, William J.
Bybee, John A. Cox, William.
Catterton, A. M., enlisted May, 1862; wounded at Malvern Hill, and
Gettysburg July 3, 1863.
Carr, John O., promoted captain of Co. T, 26th Virginia Infantry.
Carver, W. D. Crenshaw, J. G. B.
Coleman, . Duff, S. B.
Dunn, Leroy E., killed at Malvern Hill, 1862.
Elliott, P. H. Eads, James, died 1864.
Eastham, Edward, discharged 1862.
Eddins, Theodore T., enlisted 1862; third sergeant; wounded July
3, 1863, at Gettysburg; died December 15, 1867.
APPENDIX 289
Eddins, Charles C., enlisted '63; wounded at Halls Shop, '64; died
March 20, '69.
Fitch, R. H. Ford, James A.
Gillespie, J. W. Giannini, Horace M.
Gibson, R. O. Harlowe, James, N.
Harlowe, Joseph. Hawley, W. R.
Hawley, Schuyler. Jones, Schuyler H.
Lupton, J. C., enlisted 1862; wounded and captured at Williams-
port, July, 1863; held at Harrisburg.
Lilley, Willis. Maupin, Gabriel N.
Maupin, Gabriel O. Morris, James B., died 1863.
Morris, John W., died 1863. Morris, James R.
Morris, John R. Morris, R. J.
Morris, Wm. N. Morris, Wm.
Morris, A. J., killed 1862, at Malvern Hill.
Morris, John. Morris, Davis.
Morris, Alexander. Mayo, John W.
Mayo, W. B., killed 1862, at Malvern Hill.
McCauley, Miles. Mooney, John T.
Mponey, George W. Marshall, Wesley B., died 1863.
Minor, R. T., transferred to Co. K, 2d Virginia Cavalry.
Naylpr, John T. Pace, Benjamin H.
Norris, John W., died in Richmond, March, 18631.
Powell, Edward, captured at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; held at Point
Lookout; died 1865.
Reinhart, W. W. Seamand, John G.
Seamand, H. J. Snow, P. P.
Sprouse, John, discharged 1862. Sprouse, Gideon, discharged 1862.
Shifiett, O. M., promoted color-bearer; died 1863.
Shiflett, F. Shiflett, Isaac.
Tyler, Joseph W. Tyler, T. R.
Via, Thompson S. Via, John W.
Via, William F. Wood, H. L.
Wood, J. B.
THE SECOND VIRGINIA CAVALRY
Was among the first Virginia troops to respond to her call to arms,
entering the field in May, 1861, and assigned to Fitz Lee's Brigade,
Stuart's Division. It took gallant part in the first Manassas bat-
tle, and through the remainder of 1861 was in all the skirmishing
and fighting under the brilliant cavalry leader, "Jeb" Stuart; went
into winter quarters five miles west of Manassas Junction, until
after Christmas, then broke camp and moved to Leesburg, in Lou-
doun county, remaining there until the spring of 1862. Took active
part in Jackson's summer campaign, chasing Banks across the Po-
tomac, fighting Fremont at Cross Keys, and driving Shields down
Page valley; then crossing the Blue Ridge the regiment took cars
for Richmond, arriving there in season to participate in the "Seven
Days Battles." Went under Jackson to Gordonsville, and at Man-
aponax Church, en route for Fredericksburg, in August, 1862, at-
tacked two brigades of Federal Cavalry, and routed them. Took
part in the battles of Cedar Run, pursued Pope across the Rappa-
290 APPENDIX
hannock, righting at Kellys Ford; engaged at Catlctts Station, cap-
turing Pope's private baggage, horses, wagons, and a number of
prisoners. Engaged with heavy loss at second Manassas, then in
the Maryland Campaign, sharing in the capture of Harpers Ferry,
then hurrying back to participate in the Sharpsburg battle. Re-
turning to the valley, skirmished there until winter headquarters
were made at Berryville. Shared in the movement of Lee's army
in 1863, until after the Pennsylvania invasion, including Gettysburg,
cutting the telegraph lines at Chambersburg, raiding Emmettsburg
and Hopestown; then returning to the Potomac, via Frederick City,
Maryland, fighting Pleasanton's cavalry on the way. Spent the fall
and winter of 1863 in the Virginia valley, with winter headquarters
at Culpeper C. H., and from that time until the close of the war
was joined in fortune with the Army of Northern .Virginia. Com-
pany K of this regiment was mainly Albemarle county volunteers.
COMPANY K, SECOND VIRGINIA CAVALRY.
Anderson, M. L., enlisted July, 1862; killed October 8, 1864, near
Woodstock.
Baxter, Thornton; killed 1864, near Trevilian Depot.
Bragg, V- T. Carr, James, killed '64, at Fort Kernan.
Cosby, Thomas M., wounded in the Virginia valley, October 9,
1864.
Garth, J. D., enlisted 1862; captured 1864, at Spotsylvania C. H.;
held at Fort Delaware.
Garth. S. D., enlisted March, 1862; captured May 8, 1864, at Spot-
sylvania C. H.; held at Fort Delaware.
Garth, W. A., wounded and captured at Spotsylvania C. H., 1864;
recaptured; discharged 1864.
Goss, John W., enlisted 1862; captured near Charlottesville; paroled.
Good, Albert H., second lieutenant; captured and wounded at Get-
tysburg, July 3, 1863; held at Davis Island; died August 3, 1863.
Goodwin, F. C., killed at Appomattox C. H., 1865.
Goodwin, William W., wounded June 3, 1864, at Cold Harbor; died
next day.
Grayson, Joseph H., enlisted July 13, 1863; wounded- at Charles
City C. H., May 23, 1864; discharged June 14, 1864.
Harris, Robert X., wounded at Hellars Ford and Stevensburg.
Leslie, J. O., promoted captain; wounded 1862 in the valley of Vir-
ginia; killed 1864 at Front Royal.
Lobban, W. F., captured February 18, 1864; held at Fort Delaware
thirteen months, at Washington four months.
Lowis, James T., sergeant; promoted adjutant-sergeant.
Magruder, James, sergeant; promoted first lieutenant; killed 1864 at
at Meadow Bridge.
Marshall, George B., wounded near Surrey, September, 1864; dis-
charged September, 1864.
Marshall, William, enlisted 1862; killed 1862 in the valley of Vir-
ginia.
McGhee, Frank, wounded September 2, 1862, at Leesburg; June 24,
1864, at Shop.
McGhee, N. C., sergeant. Maupin, J. L. P.
APPENDIX 291
Michie, E. O., enlisted 1862; wounded September, 1863, at Jacks'
Shop.
Minor, George R. Minor, William B.; died 1863.
Mundy, E. C., enlisted 1862.
Nelson, Frank, killed 1864, at Fort Kernan.
Newman, Thomas, killed 1863 in Loudon county.
Railey, James P., Corporal.
Rothwell, J. W., enlisted 1862; died 1862.
Shackelford, Dr. W. C., promoted assistant surgeon, 2d Virginia
Cavalry.
Sneed, Charles. Sneed, Edward.
Sneed, Horace A., died April 12, 1864. Sneed, John A.
Tebbs, W. B.; promoted captain; killed 1862 near Richmond.
Thurman, B. W., enlisted 1862.
Thurman, T. L., promoted corporal; wounded in Fauquier county,
1862.
Trevilyan, H. N., enlisted 1863. White, B. T., died 1861.
White, William A., enlisted October, 1864.
Williams, Q. L., promoted lieutenant.
Wood, Joseph T., enlisted 1862. Woods, J. Mann, enlisted 1862.
Woods, John J., adjutant-sergeant; wounded at Jacks Shops.
Woods, W. P., enlisted April 9, 1863; wounded at Long Bridge,
April 6, 1865; captured at Burksville next day; held at Lincoln
Hospital, Washington.
COMPANY I, FIFTH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, LOMAX's BRIGADE, W. H.
LEE'S DIVISION.
Craddock, A. J., enlisted February 1, 1862; wounded October 12,
1864, at Petersburg.
Craddock, Thomas J., enlisted February 1, 1862; wounded February
20, 1863, at Hamilton's Crossing.
Craddock, William R., enlisted February 1, 1862.
Hoard, George M., enlisted January 3, 1862; second lieutenant;
wounded June 17, 1863, at Aldie; captured same day at Field
Hospital; exchanged.
Gilliam, James L., enlisted 1864.
McGhee, John W., enlisted in spring of 1862; promoted sergeant;
captured at Point Lookout 1864; held seven months.
Staehlin, W. R., first lieutenant: captured April 4, 1864, at Yellow
Tavern, held at Fort Delaware; discharged July 6, 1865.
COMPANY F, TENTH VA. CAVALRY.
This company was organized in April, 1861, and joined the Wise
Legion. It was sent to West Virginia and sworn into the service
at Goulay Bridge in June, 1861, for a term of twelve months. At the
end of twelve months the command was reorganized and new offi-
cers elected. The Wise Legion now became the 10th Regiment.
Later it became a part of Lomax's Brigade, W. H. F. Lee's Divi-
sion. Tn the list given below, the letter "R" occurring after a name,
indicates that the soldier was a recruit, and not one of those en-
listing at the time of the first organization of the troop.
292 APPENDIX
FIRST OFFICERS.
Captain, James Timberlake. Third Sgt., James Durrett.
First Lt., Dr. Goodman. Fourth Sgt., William H. Kable.
Second Lt., Richard Shepard. First Corp., A. M. Goodloe.
Third Lt., John Grayson. Second Corp., Oscar Head.
First Sgt., Mark Durrett. Third Corp., Andrew Sutherland.
Second Sgt., Jerry White. Fourth Corp., Auburn Mann.
SECOND OFFICERS.
Captain, Henry Delton. Second Lt., Wash. Martin.
First Lt., Wm. H. Kable. Third Lt., Walker Martin.
First Sgt., Andrew Sutherland (afterwards Captain).
PRIVATES.
Aplin, Ned. Arstop, Jack (R).
Baber, James R. (R); enlisted Oct. 1, 1863; captured at Five Forks,
April 3, 1865; held at Point Lookout; discharged, July 3, 1865.
Bates, Robt. H. (R); enlisted May 20, 1864.
Boyd, A. P. Collins, Wash (R).
Burton, John. Dettor, Ad (R).
Burton, Cliff. Dettor, John.
Carr, John. Dettor, Robert (R).
Carr, Tom. Dettor, William.
Collins, George (R). Dillard, Jesse.
Collins, Jeff (R). Dillard, Joe.
Collins, John. Dollins, John.
Collins^ Press. Dring, Tom.
Durrett, Frank (R); enlisted Tune 1, 1863; wounded at Brandy Sta-
tion, June 9, 1863.
Durrett, Henry.
Durrett, James, promoted 2d Lieut.; wounded June 9, 1863, at
Brandy Station.
Durrett, Mark, second sergeant.
Durrett, William, wounded in November, 1861, at Chapmanville;
July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; struck by balls seven times, three
of which he still carries.
Edge, Benjamin, died November 25, 1862.
Edge, John E., enlisted May 20, 1862; wounded at Brandy Station,
July 12, 1863; killed at Reams Station, August 24, 1864.
Edge, Philip (R).
Elson, John (R); killed August 24, 1864, at Reams Station.
Fears, George (R). Fretwell, Bright (R).
Ferguson, Frank (R). Fretwell, Tom (R).
Fox, Jobe.
Garland, Peter W. (R); enlisted March, 1864.
Giles, Joseph H., killed September, 1864, at Stony Creek.
Goodloe, Ad. Hall, Henry.
Goodloe, Benton (R). Hall, John.
Goodman, Harris. Hall, Lucian.
Goodwin, John. Hall, Richard (R).
Goodwin, Lewis (R). Hamner, Nick.
Goodwin, Warwick. Harden, Henry.
Grayson, John. Harmon, William (R).
Harris, W. C. (R); enlisted January 1, 1865; captured at Five Forks;
held at Point Lookout.
APPENDIX
293
Head, Oscar. Hicks, William.
Herndon, James.
Hopkins, John (R); enlisted April 3, 1862; killed at Reams Station,
August 24, 1864.
Hopkins, William (R). Humphrey, John (R).
Hudson, Charles.
Johnson, Lewis B. (R); enlisted October 3, 1864.
Johnson, William A.
Kable, William.
Kennedy, Harden.
Lewis, John O.
Lipscomb, Campbell.
Lobbin, William (R).
Kennan, John.
Kincaid, Clark.
Lane, William.
Kennan, Charles (R).
Lewis, John M. (R); enlisted October 28, 1864.
McCue, James (R).
McCue, William (R).
McGee, Junius (R).
Mann, Auburn, promoted sergeant.
Mann, John, wounded June 28, 1864, at Spottsylvania C. H.; "dis-
charged July 25, 1864.
Mann, J. Legrand (R); enlisted May 12, 1862; promoted sergeant.
Mann, Richard C. (R); enlisted May 20, 1863.
Martin, Samuel W., discharged August 15, 1861.
Martin, T. R. Maupin, Charles (R).
Martin, Walker. Milton, Robert (R).
Martin, Wash.
Moon, J. Summerneld (R); enlisted September 10, 1863.
Morris, John (R). Xorris, Walter (R).
Nash, John (R). O'Brien, John.
Oliver, John H., promoted second sergeant.
Omohundro, Cal (R). Scott, Jack (R).
Page, Robert. Scott, James (R).
Powell, Leonard (R). Shelton, Cliff (R).
Rogers, James. Shepard, Albert.
Shepard, Richard.
Smith, Edward.
Smith, John.
Smith, J. Massie, wounded at Yorktown, 1862; Five Forks, 1865.
Smith, Makry (R). Smith, Willis (R).
Stagall, Henry.
Rogers, V. F.
Rudisil, John (R)
Scott, Alfred (R).
Smith, Roads (R).
Smith, Tom.
Stagall, Richard (R); enlisted October
1865, at Five Forks.
20, 1862; wounded April 3,
Strange, James (R).
Strouse.D. B. (R).
Sutherland, Andrew, corporal, sergeant and captain.
Southard. William.
Taylor, Charles (R).
Tate, William.
Timber-lake, Clark.
Timberlake, James.
Toole, John.
Towers, James (R).
Via, Frank.
Wallace, Charles I., fourth sergeant.
Wallace, George P. (R); enlisted January 1, 1862; wounded and
captured at Brandy Station, July 23, 1863i; held at Point Look-
out; died June 4, 1864.
Wallace, Hardy. Walters, James.
Walcott, Gideon (R); enlisted April 3, 1862; killed June 9, 1863, at
Brandy Station.
White, Garrett. White, James.
White, Jerry M., second sergeant.
White, John S., promoted corporal.
294 APPENDIX
White, Milton. Wingfield, Willoughby (R).
White, William J. Witt, Asa (R).
Wingfield, Fuller. Wood, William L.
Wingfield, Walker. Yates, S. B.
THE SEVENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY
Was brigaded successively under Generals Early, Longstreet.
Ewell, A. P. Hill, Kemper and W. R. Turey. Company I was en-
listed in Albemarle county and entered the field in June, 1861. As-
signed to Pickett's Division, the regiment was actively engaged in
the brilliant series of movements of the army of Northern Vir-
ginia, and its battles included Bull Run, first Manassas, Williams-
burg, Seven Pines, Fraziers Farm, second Manassas, South Moun-
tain, Sharpsburg, Gettysburg, Bermuda Hundreds, the seven days
fighting around Richmond, the battles around Petersburg, and the
fighting on the retreat to Appomattox, where it was surrendered.
At Gettysburg only three members of I Company in the action
fell back unwounded from the charge of Pickett's Division on the
Heights, while many of its members gave their lives in that heroic
endeavor to turn the tide of battle. The Company was from time
to time recruited, mainly from Albemarle county. We are indebted
to Sergeant W. N. Parrot for the following roster:
COMPANY I, SEVENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
Captain, J. J. Winn, discharged May 1, 1862.
First lieutenant, J. W. Rodes.
Second lieutenant, Basil G. Brown, wounded and captured at
Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, held at Forts Pulaski and Delaware;
died July, 1865, at home.
Third lieutenant, W. B. Maupin.
First sergeant, T. J. Golden, wounded at second Manassas; dis-
charged August, '62.
Second sergeant, J. E. Wyant, promoted first lieutenant; wounded
at Williamsburg, May 5, 1862; captured at Five Forks, April 1,
1865; held at Johnsons Island; discharged June 22, 1865.
Third sergeant, D. O. Etherton, wounded at Manassas July, 1861;
discharged '61.
Fourth sergeant, William A. Brown, promoted second lieutenant:
wounded at Williamsburg, May 5, 1862; died May 8, 1862, at
Mrs. Honsford's.
Fifth sergeant, Chas. B. Brown, promoted third lieutenant; captured
at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Johnsons Island; dis-
charged June 20, 1865.
First corporal, W. P. Walters, promoted third lieutenant; killed at
Williamsburg, May 5, 1862.
Second corporal, B. Fretwell, died at Centreville, Virginia, 1861, of
measles.
Third corporal, J. P. Jones, wounded July 21, 1861, at Manassas;
discharged '61.
Fourth corporal, W. N. Parrott, promoted second sergeant:
APPENDIX 295
wounded July 3, 1863', at Gettysburg, and March 31, 1865, at
Dinwiddie C. H.
Ambroselli, John B., killed July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Ballard, C., enlisted 1864, killed March 31, 1865, at Dinwiddie C. H.
Ballard, Marion, enlisted 1862; killed June 30, 1862, at Fraziers
Farm.
Bowen, F. A., killed May 5, 1862, at Williamsburg.
Blackwell, Henry Clay, captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held
at Point Lookout.
Blackwell, Henry C., wounded at Seven Pines.
Blackwell, H. C., discharged 1862.
Bailey, J. T., promoted sergeant; captured July 3, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; held at Fort Delaware.
Bellew, J. T., captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks; held at Fort
Delaware.
Bellew, William T., captured. at Appomattox C. H., April 6, 1865;
held at Point Lookout; died December, 1876.
Brown, W. H. H., wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; May 16,
1864, at Drury's Bluff; captured near Richmond.
Brown, B. G. Brown, W. G., died 1862.
Brown, R. C., captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point
Lookout.
Clark, I. L., captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point
Lookout; died there, 1865.
Clark, G. P., promoted sergeant; captured July 3, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; held at Fort Delaware.
Clark, Tobias, captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point
Lookout; died there, 1865.
Clark, William N., captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks; held at
Point Lookout; wounded at Seven Pines; captured at Drakes
Island; held at Point Lookout.
Clark, T. C., enlisted 1862; captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks;
held at Point Lookout. Clement, Joe.
Clements, M. J., wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Clements, M. E., wounded May 31, 1862, at Seven Pines; captured
April 1, 1865, at Five Forks; held at Point Lookout.
demon, J. L., wounded at Strawberry Plains, 1864; captured twice
near High Bridge; held at Fort Delaware and Point Lookout.
Chapman, W. S., enlisted 1864; captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks:
held at Point Lookout.
Coleman. J. L., wounded at Strasburg, 1864; captured in Prince Ed-
ward county, held at Point Lookout; captured near High
Bridge, held at Fort Delaware.
Cox, N., captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point Look-
out; died there, 1865. Dore, David, died 1862.
Davis, P. L., captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks; held at Point
Lookout.
Davis, H. T., wounded and captured July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg;
held at Fort Delaware: captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks;
held at Point Lookout.
Fulcher, T. J., promoted corporal; wounded and captured July 3,
1863, at Gettysburg; held at Fort Delaware.
Fisher, G. R.
Fielding, Junius, captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at
Point Lookout.
Fielding, Eppa, promoted corporal; captured April 1, '65; held at
Point Lookout.
296 APPENDIX
Fielding, W. B., wounded and captured at Gettysburg, July 3,
1863; held at Fort Delaware; exchanged and three times cap-
tured.
Fielding, B. F., killed July 18, 1861, at Bull Run.
Fielding, J. E., enlisted February, 1862; wounded, 1864, at Cold
Harbor.
Gardner, Elzie, died 1861, of measles. Garrison, J. T.
Good, A. H., promoted lieutenant; wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettys-
burg; died July, 1863.
Harris, James, enlisted 1865; captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865;
held at Point Lookout.
Herring, W. H., enlisted 1863; killed July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Herndon, W. G., enlisted 1863; captured at Five Forks, April 1,
1865; held at Point Lookout, and died there, 1865.
Hustin, E. D.
Iseman, J. P., discharged October, 186-1.
Jarman, W. D., promoted corporal; wounded September 14, 1862,
at Boonesboro, Maryland.
Jones, John P., wounded at first Manassas, July 18, 1861; died
February, 1884.
Kidd, I. L., wounded May 31, 1862.
Keyton, W. L., promoted sergeant; wounded at Gettysburg, July
3, 1863; captured April 1, 1865, at Five Forks; held at Point
Lookout; died of diphtheria, October, 1866. Lane, J. M.,
died 1862.
Lowery, George died of measles, 1862. Maupin, J. T., died of
measles, 1861.
Maupin, C. B., killed July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
McQuary, W. H. Marshall, T. A., died 1872.
Powell, L. W., wounded July 21, 1862, at Manassas.
Racer, Charles, enlisted 1863; wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863;
captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point Lookout.
Rea, R., enlisted June 3, 1862.
Ryan, J. W., wounded September 14, 1862, at Boonesboro, Mary-
land.
Slater, J. R., captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point
Lookout.
Sneed, John, wounded July 21, 1861, at Manassas; April 3, 1865, at
Five Forks.
Sneed, R. Sandridge, Richard W.
Sandridge, Zach., wounded June, 1863, at Gaines Mills.
Sandridge, W. O.
Sandridge, R., captured at Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held at Point
Lookout, and died there, 1865.
Toombs, William L., killed July 11, 1861, at Bull Run.
Toombs, R. A., enlisted April, 1862.
Taylor, J. W., died 1862 of heart disease.
Thurston, J. N., wounded and captured July 3, 1863', at Gettysburg;
held at Point Lookout.
Thurston, Andrew J., wounded at second Manassas, August 27, 1862;
captured at Hatchers Run; died April, 1881.
Thurston, R. J., enlisted April, 3862; wounded at second Manassas,
August 27, 1862; captured near Petersburg, April 5, 1865; held
at Point Lookout.
Thurston, George, fell from team and killed, 1863.
Thurston, R., wounded May 31, 1862., at Seven Pines.
Thurston, John.
APPENDIX 297
Thurston, J. T., wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; captured
April 1, 1865, at Five Forks; held at Point Lookout.
Via, R. C., wounded at Manassas, July 2, 1861.
Via, Tom.
Ward, E. H., promoted corporal; wounded July 1, 1862, at Fraziers
Farm; at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Ward, John.
Ward, Samuel. Walton, J. W., died in hospital, 1862.
Wheeler, R. F., wounded at Manassas, July 21, 1861; discharged
1861.
Wood, A. F., captured June 30, 1862, at Fraziers Farm; held at
Governors Island, New York; Five Forks, April 1, 1865; held
at Point Lookout.
Woods, W. P., promoted corporal; discharged April 9, 1863; re-en-
listed same day. Woods, Jos. H., enlisted May 1, 1864.
Wood, W. T., killed July 3, 1863-, at Gettysburg.
Woods, W. W., wounded August 27, 1862, at second Manassas; died
September, 1862, in Albemarle County.
Wood, William, wounded at second Manassas; killed at Gettys-
burg, July 3, '63.
Wolfe, E. M., wounded June 30, 1862, at Fraziers Farm.
Wolfe, Thomas B.
Wyant, J. A., kijled at Dinwiddie C. H., March 31, 1865.
Wiseman, J. F. /promoted sergeant.
THE BORDER GUARD.
FIRST IN THE; FIRST REGIMENT OF WISE LEGION AND AFTERWARDS
CO. D, FORTY-SIXTH VIRGINIA REGIMENT.
Following is the company roll of the "Border Guard," organized
at Charlottesville, Va., in June, 1861, and mustered into the First
Regiment of the Wise Legion, at Lewisburg, West Virginia, on the
23rd of June, 1861; later, company D, 46th Virginia Regiment,
Wise's Brigade, Bushrod Johnson's Division, C. S. A.
OFFICERS.
Captain, R. G. Crank, died since the war.
First lieutenant, Wm. H. Crank, resigned 1861.
Second lieutenant, George Norris, died since the war.
Third lieutenant, Wm. Henning Wood, died since the war.
First sergeant, E. M. Cox, transferred to Co. I, 46th Va.; died since
the war.
Second sergeant, James Braton. died since the war.
Third sergeant, James A. Harris.
Fourth sergeant, John S. Horton, died since the war.
First corporal, A. D. Cox. later lieutenant in Co. I, 46th Va. (Capt.
Tucker Rives Company).
Second corporal, J. W. Scribner.
Third corporal, John J. Wood.
Fourth corporal, George E. W. Brown, died since the war.
LATER.
Captain, George Norris, died since the war.
First lieutenant, W. E. Norris.
298 APPENDIX
First lieutenant, John D. Watson, served about three months;
transferred and made adjutant 57th Va. Regiment, Pickett's
Division.
Second lieutenant, Frank S. Durrette, died 1898.
Third lieutenant, James A. Harris.
Lieutenant, John S. Horton, died since the war.
Lieutenant, William H. Harris.
First sergeant, John F. Brown.
PRIVATES.
Acree, Smith. Agney, William.
Bailey, John H., died since the war.
Birkhead, Richard, died since the war.
Bruce, George W., killed at Petersburg.
Bruce, Wallis, wounded at Petersburg, 1»64.
Brown, John F.
Burrus, Robert D., wounded at Sailor's Creek, 1865, died since the
war.
Ballard, • .
Clauss, H. L.
Catterton, William, died since the war.
Cooney, Patrick, died since the war. %
Cox, L. W., after capture of Roanoke Island came home and joined
Carrington's Battery, served 2 years, transferred to Co. D, 46th
Va., while in trenches at Petersburg and served to end of war
as color guard.
Craig, William. Dandridge, George W.
Craig, Sam. Dunn, Willis, died since the war.
Croley, W. Dunn, Luther M.
Dodd, Marcus, transferred to Mosby's Command; died since the
war.
Dunn, Albert S., died since war.
Dobbins, James, wounded March 31, '64, died since the war.
Durrett, James W.
Frazier, James A., died since the war.
Frazier, Thomas J. Garrison, George C.
Garrison, Robert, killed at Petersburg, 1864.
Gillispie, William.
Gardner, Walker R., wounded '64, at Petersburg and died from
wounds.
Garrison, Franklin W., died since the war.
Garrison, Henry, died since the war.
Garrison, Will.
Harris, William H., later lieutenant.
Hall, Julian, wounded at Petersburg.
Hall, Rick.
Hall, Ebenezer, killed at Petersburg.
Hoy, James H., deserted and executed.
Haney, Smith, died since the war.
Head, Montgomery W., died since the war.
Joyce, .
Keyton, Edward, died since the war.
Keyton, , killed at Petersburg.
Lamb, Newton, killed at Petersburg in 1864.
Lamb, John W.
Loffland, George M., transferred to cavalry.
Mallory, John T., wounded at Scary Creek, 1861
APPENDIX 299
McAllister, William.
Madison, James M., killed at Petersburg, 1864.
McGrath, Morris, killed at Petersburg, 18G4.
McCormick, William.
Marshall, William H.> died in the war.
Marshall, Buck.
Marshall, John, wounded at Hewlett House, 1864.
Madison, James, transferred to cavalry.
Norris, Fendal F., wounded at Petersburg, '63.
O'Conner, Michael, died since the war.
Peyton, Bernard H., died since the war.
Price, William.
Rodes, Walker, killed March 29, 1865, serving as color guard.
Shiflett, Benjamin F., died in prison, Elmira, N. Y.
Shiflett, Lindsay, died since the war.
Shiflett, John F., transferred to cavalry; died since the war.
Shiflett, Chapman B., transferred to cavalry; killed at Brandy sta-
tion.
Shiflett, Montgomery, died at Elmira (N. Y.) prison.
Shiflett, Micajah B., killed at Petersburg.
Shiflett, Killis, died since the war.
Shiflett, Leake, died since the war.
Shenalt, ,
Snow, Richard, died during the war.
Shackelford, Richard I., died since the war.-
Snow, Theodore.
Sullivan, Ira H.
Smith, Theodrick B., killed carrying the colors at Scary Creek,
1861; first man from Albemarle killed in war.
Shoemaker, , killed at Petersburg.
Shafer, , killed at Petersburg.
Sutherland, • .
Trevillian, Garrett C.
Thurman, Fendal, wounded in the trenches at Petersburg.
Tharpe, .
Wood, Edward.
Wood, Horace W., wounded at Petersburg.
Watson, John W.
Wood, Joseph F., died since the war.
Wood, Winston.
Wilkerson, John S.
MISCELLANEOUS SERVICE.
Abell, J. R., enlisted May 4, 1862, with commissary department;
quartermaster; discharged August, 1864.
Alexander, T. W., enlisted April 19, 1861; -Co. H, 5th Virginia
Infantry, Elzy's Brigade, Jackson's Division; wounded and
captured at Spotsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864; held at Fort
Delaware; discharged June 12, 1865.
Andrews, John S., enlisted April, 1861; Co. H, 4th Alabama, Rees'
Brigade; promoted surgeon; discharged May, 1863.
Austin, Dr. H. O., enlisted 1861; 19th Virginia Infantry, Cocke's
Brigade; Ewell's Division; assistant surgeon; discharged 1862.
Austin, William H., enlisted April 18, 1861; Co. C. 1st Virginia
Cavalry, Wickham's Brigade, Pickett's Division; thrown from
a horse at Manassas; captured September 15, 1864. at Waynes-
boro; held at Harpers Ferry.
300 APPENDIX
Austin, William T., enlisted July 29, 1861; Wyatt's Battery,
Poague's Battalion; captured November, 1863, at Earlysville;
held at Washington four months and Fort Delaware twelve
months.
Baber, W. J., enlisted November 7, 1862; Battery A, Virginia Light
Artillery, McGregory's Division, Stewart's Brigade.
Baber, C. L., enlisted June 12, 1861; Co. E, Battery Virginia Light
Artillery, Purcell's Brigade, Pegram's Division; wounded Feb-
ruary 4, 1865, at Petersburg; died July 6, 1883*.
Bass, John C., enlisted February 28, -1863; Co. F, 5th Virginia
Cavalry, Lomax's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division; wounded
and captured October 19, 1864, at Strasburg; held at Baltimore;
wounded and captured June 17, 1863, at Aldie; exchanged; dis-
charged December 1, 1864.
Bass, William E., enlisted February 20, 1862; Co. F. 5th Virginia
Cavalry, Lomax's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division; wounded Oc-
tober 19, '62, at Strasburg.
Barksdale, William I., enlisted May 10, 1861; Co. K, 19th Virginia
Infantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division.
Bellew, J. H., enlisted February, 1864; Co. H, 7th Virginia Artillery.
Bellew, George T., enlisted April, 1864; captured; and held at Fort
Delaware.
Bebb, James D., enlisted April 20, 1862; 3d Battalion Virginia Light
Artillery, Sturdevant's Battery.
Bishop, A. G., enlisted March 15, 1862; Co. B. 1st Artillery, Car-
rington's Brigade, Swell's Division; wounded September 15,
1862, at White Post, and wounded and captured May 12, 1864,
at Spotsylvania C. H.; held at Fort Delaware.
Blackwell, J. H., enlisted 1862; Co. A., Mosby's command.
Blackwell, Joseph, enlisted 1861; Co. B, 19th Virginia Infantry;
wounded September 14, 1862, at South Mountain.
Blair, J. T., enlisted April 1, 1861; Co. C, 19th Virginia; promoted
first lieutenant and commissary; wounded August 27, 1862, at
first Manassas.
Black, Samuel, enlisted August 20, 1864; Co. D, 10th Virginia Cav-
alry, W. H. Lee's Division.
Black, William Powers, enlisted January 3, 1863; Co. E, 3d Bat-
talion Virginia Light Artillery, Pendleton's Brigade, Nelson's
Division.
Booker, George E., enlisted July 6, 1861; Co. A, 58th Virginia In-
fantry, Johnson's Brigade, Jackson's Division; captain; promoted
major.
Boiling, Bartlett, enlisted 1864; Co. D, Mosby's command; wounded
near Berryville, 1864; captured in Fauquier county, 1864; held
at Fort Delaware.
Bowen, M. A., enlisted February, 1862; 39th Virginia Cavalry;
courier for General R. E. Lee.
Bowen, F. A. W., enlisted April, 1861; Co. I, 56th Virginia Regi-
ment; killed at Williamsburg.
Boyd, James A., enlisted October 1, 1864; Co. G, 49th Virginia In-
fantry, Pegram's Brigade.
Boyd, J. H., enlisted November 3, 1864; Co. G, 49th Virginia In-
fantry, Pegram's Brigade.
Bragg, John G., enlisted 1862; Walker's Battery.
Breckinridge, James, enlisted 1861; Captain Breckinridge's Com-
pany, 2d Virginia Cavalry, Fitz Lee's Brigade, Stewart's Divi-
sion; killed 1865 on retreat.
APPENDIX 301
Breckenridge, Gilmer, enlisted 1861; Breckinridge's Company,/ 2d
Virginia Cavalry, Fitz Lee's Brigade, Stewart's Division; killed
'65, at Fort Kernan.
Bramham, N., enlisted 1865; Co. C, Mosby's command; captured
1865, near Charlottesville; escaped.
Brown, B. B., enlisted April 1, 1861; 4th Virginia Cavalry, Wick-
ham's Brigade, Stewart's Division; captured at Catlett Station.
Brown, John P., enlisted April, 1861; Co. D, 46th Virginia Infan-
try, McGruder's Brigade, Pickett's Division; orderly sergeant;
captured and held at Point Lookout.
Brown, George W. E., enlisted April, 1861; Co. D, 46th Virginia
Infantry, McGruder's Brigade, Pickett's Division; corporal;
wounded at Elizabeth City; held at Roanoke Island.
Brown, Lucian B., enlisted October, 1861; Co. B, 1st Artillery, Car-
rington's Brigade, Swell's Division; wounded May 12, 1864, at
Spotsylvania C. H.; held at Fort Delaware; died July 19, 1864.
Brown, James R., enlisted April, 1861; Poague's Battalion, Wyatt's
Battery; sergeant; wounded June 3, 1864, at Cold Harbor.
Brown, Williamson D., enlisted May 12, 1864; 1st Virginia Reserves,
Colonel R. T. W. Duke.
Browning, E. C., enlisted May 10, 1861; Co. I, 2d Virginia Cavalry,
Fitz Lee's Brigade, Stuart's Division; wounded April 4, 1864, at
Yellow Tavern.
Browning, F. M., enlisted May 10, 1861; Co. I, 2d Virginia Cav-
alry, Fitz Lee's Brigade, Stuart's Division.
Bryan, J. R., Jr., enlisted 1861; McGruder's command; second lieu-
tenant and drill-master; promoted aide-de-camp, discharged
1862; re-enlisted 1862, McLane's Division, orderly sergeant;
promoted captain and inspector of field transportation.
Burcher, J. S., enlisted May 10, 1861; Co. C, 19th Virginia Infantry,
Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division.
Burnley, D. W., enlisted May 1, 1861; Battery A, Virginia Light
Artillery, McGruder's Brigade, Johnston's Division; first ser-
geant; discharged August 25, 1862.
Burton, John A., enlisted March 20, 1863; Co. B, 59th Virginia Re-
serves, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division.
Campbell, Charles A., enlisted May 20, 1861; Co. C, 19th Virginia
Infantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; wounded Au-
gust 28, 1862, at second Manassas; died 1869.
Carter, J. H., enlisted November, 1864; Co. D, 49th Virginia Infan-
try, Pegram's Brigade.
Clark, Charles D., enlisted August 20, 1861; Co. E, Battalion Vir-
ginia Light Artillery, Pendleton's Brigade, Nelson's Division;
wounded September 3', 1862; at Kellys Ford.
Clark, George M., enlisted July 18, 1861; SouthalFs Battery; served
fourteen months; discharged for non age; re-enlisted in Sep-
tember, 1864; 49th Virginia Infantry, Pegram's Brigade,
Division; wounded below Petersburg, March 25, 1865; cap-
tured at Richmond; held at Newport News; discharged July 2,
1865.
Cobbs, George E., enlisted May, 1864; Poague's Battalion, Sturde-
vant's Battery; killed at Petersburg, August 20, 1864.
Cole, John G., enlisted 1862; Co. B, 2d Virginia Cavalry, Fitz Lee's
Brigade, Stuart's Division.
Coleman, Chester C., enlisted May 20, 1861; Co. C, 19th Virginia
• Infantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; killed May 8,
1864, at Spotsylvania C. H.
302 APPENDIX
Ccleman, Robert, enlisted June 1, 1862; Co. H, 19th Virginia In-
fantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; wounded July 21,
1861, at Manassas.
Cook, G. W., enlisted August 1, 1864; Co. B, 19th Virginia Heavy
Artillery, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division.
Crickenbarger, W. A., enlisted 1861; Co. I. 33d Virginia Infantry,
stonewall's Brigade; captured at Spotsylvania C. H., 1864; held
at Fort Delaware.
Crockford, S. H., enlisted 1862; Johnson's Battalion Artillery; ser-
geant; promoted first lieutenant and adjutant.
Davis, Burnett, enlisted 1862; Sturdevant's Battery.
Davis, James F., enlisted 1861; Poague's Battalion, Wyatt's Bat-
tery.
Davis, M. V., enlisted 1861; Poague's Battalion, Wyatt's Battery.
Davis, William H., enlisted 1864; Sullivan's Artillery.
Day, William, enlisted June 1, 1861; Co. A, 10th Virginia Infantry;
Elzy's Brigade, Jackson's Division: wounded at second Ma-
nassas.
Dobbins, James A., enlisted June, 1861; Co. D, 46th Virginia In-
fantry; Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division; promoted cor-
poral: wounded at the Crater.
Dolan, J. E., enlisted June 9, 1861 ; 25th Battalion Virginia Reserves,
Critchfield's Brigade, Custis Lee's Division.
Dollins, Tyra, enlisted August 1, 1863; Co. B, 18th Battalion Vir-
ginia Heavy Artillery, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division.
Delaine, W. P., enlisted April 16, 1861; Co. H, 19th Virginia Infan-
try, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division: musician; wounded
June 20, 1864, at Chester Station.
Dunn, Edward, enlisted April 1, 1861; Co. B, 19th Virginia Infan-
try, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; killed.
Dunn, James T., enlisted May 12, 1864; reserved force under Colonel
R. T. W. Duke, of Albemarle County.
Drew, James A., enlisted May 10 1861; Co. C, 19th Virginia Infan-
try, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division.
Durnette, Dr. James T., enlisted 1861; 56th Virginia Infantry, Hun-
ton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; orderly sergeant; promoted
acting assistant surgeon.
Durrett, Frank S, enlisted 1863; Co. D, 46th Virginia Infantry,
Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division; second lieutenant.
Early, J. A., enlisted October, 1864; 49th Virginia Infantry, Walker's
Brigade.
Ellinger, Andrew, enlisted March 14, 1862; Co. F, 5th Virginia In-
fantry, Swell's Brigade, Jackson's Division.
Elliott, M. D., enlisted October, 1864; Co. D, 49th Virginia Infan-
try, Pegram's Brigade, Pickett's Division: captured at Peters-
burg, March 26, 1865; held at Point Lookout; discharged May
28, 1865.
Farris, J. N., enlisted June 7, 1861; Co. E, Battalion Virginia Light
Artillery, Pendleton's Brigade, Nelson's Division; wounded and
captured at Sharpsburg, September 14, 1862; held at Baltimore;
discharged June 23, 1865.
Farish, Thomas L., enlisted 1862; Robertson's Brigade, Stewart's
Division; acting assistant inspector-general; transferred in same
capacity to General J. A. Walker; captured near Charlottesville,
March, 1865; paroled.
Fisher, James H., enlisted April 16, 1862.
Forrer, John K., enlisted July 1, 1861; Co. C, 52d Virginia Infantry,
Elzy's Brigade, Early's Division.
APPENDIX 303
Forrer, Samuel, enlisted July 1, 1861; Co. C, 52d Virginia Infantry,
Elzy's Brigade, Early's Division.
Foster, John W., enlisted September 27, 1863; Co. B, 18th Bat-
talion Virginia Heavy Artillery, Custis Lee's Brigade, Swell's
Division.
Fretwell, John T., enlisted spring of 1862; served as courier to Gen-
eral R. E. Lee till close of war.
Gardner, Ira B., enlisted April 1, 1861; Crenshaw's Battalion, Car-
rington's Battery; wounded April 6, 1865, at Farmville.
Gardner, John B., served two years in the Mexican war; four years
in the late civil war; captured near Appomattox C. H., April
9, 1865; held at Point Lookout.
Garland, James B., enlisted February 1, 1864; Co. G, 5th Virginia
Cavalry, Lomax's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division; corporal; cap-
tured May 11, 1864, at Yellow Tavern; held at Point Lookout;
discharged February 20, 1865.
Garnett, J. M., enlisted 1865; Richardson's Battalion couriers.
Garnett, R. E., enlisted 1864; Co. H, 5th Virginia Cavalry, Lomax's
Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division.
Gibson, Abraham, enlisted May 1, 1861; Co. A, 52d Virginia Infan-
try, Elzy's Brigade, Pegram's Division; wounded July 19, 1864,
at Winchester.
Gillam, A. P., enlisted April, 1864; Poague's Battalion, Wyatt's Bat-
tery, Heth's Division.
Goodman, David R., enlisted 1851; Co. B, 19th Virginia Infantry,
Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; wounded 1862 at Wil-
liamsburg and second Manassas.
Goodwin, J. S., enlisted 1862; Carrington's Artillery Company.
Goss, J. P., enlisted 1864; Co. F, Duke's Virginia Reserves.
Goss, L. L., enlisted 1861; Sturdevant's Artillery Company; pro-
moted captain; captured at Hatchers Run, 1865; held at Point
Lookout.
Grayson, John, enlisted June 10, 1861 ; Co. K, 3d Virginia Cavalry,
Davis' Brigade, Wise's Division: third lieutenant; discharged
May 25, 1862.
Grigsby, Andrew J., enlisted 1861; 27th Virginia Infantry, Stone-
wall's Brigade: major; promoted colonel; wounded at Walnut
Hill, 1862; discharged 1862.
Hall, Lucien, enlisted April 23, 1862; Nelson's Brigade, Walker's
Division; assistant surgeon; promoted brigade surgeon.
Haniner, A. J., enlisted May 1, 1862; Co. B, 18th Virginia Heavy
Artillery, Critchfield's Brigade, Custis Lee's Division.
Hamner, Clifton, enlisted March 15, 1864; Co. G, 10th Virginia Cav-
alry, Lomax's Brigade, W. H. Lee's Division.
Hamner, W. G., enlisted October 1, 1864; Co. G, 49th Virginia In-
fantry, Walker's Brigade, Pegram's Division.
Hamner, James B., enlisted May 10, 1861; Co. H, 19th Virginia In-
fantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; killed at Wil-
liamsburg, June 5, 1862.
Hamner, John B., enlisted May 20, 1861; Mosby's Cavalry.
Hancock, P. B., enlisted 1861; Co. G, 23d Virginia Infantry, Stew-
art's Brigade, Ewell's Division; corporal; promoted sergeant;
wounded August 28, 1862, at second Manassas.
Hancock, Richard J., enlisted June 11, 1861; Co. D, 9th Louisiana,
Taylor's Brigade, Ewell's Division; third lieutenant; promoted
first lieutenant, then captain, then colonel; wounded August 28,
1862, at second Manassas; July 3, 1863°, at Gettysburg, and
September 19, 1864, at Winchester.
304 APPENDIX
Harmon, J. R., enlisted October 20, 1864; Co. F, 13th Virginia
Infantry, Elzy's Brigade, Early's Division; wounded and cap-
tured at Petersburg, March 25, 1865; held at Newport News.
Harris, Burnett B., enlisted April 15, 1861; Co. B, 19th Virginia
Infantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division.
Harris, Henry T., enlisted October, 1864; Co. D, 49th Infantry
Regiment; Pegram's Brigade, Pickett's Division; captured at
Petersburg, March 26, 1865; held at Point Lookout; died May
28, 1865.
Harris, H. G., Co. D, 43d Battalion, Mosby's command; captured
in Loudoun county, October 28, 1864; held at Washington and
Boston.
Harris, James E., enlisted April, 1861; Wyant's Battery Artillery,
Poague's Battalion.
Harris, William H., enlisted April 1, 1861, 1st Virginia Cavalry;
courier for General Stuart; killed May 2, 1863, at Chancellors-
ville.
Hart, S. J., enlisted August, 1864, Co. A, 8th Virginia Light Artil-
lery, McGregor's Battalion, Lee's Division.
Henry, Charles, enlisted April 20, 1861, Co. E, 7th Virginia Cav-
alry, Derring's Brigade, Rosser's Division; wounded July 3,
1863, at Fairfield, Penn.
Henry, Hugh, enlisted July 1, 1864, Co. E, 7th Virginia Cavalry,
Derring's Brigade, Rosser's Division; wounded April 3, 1865,
at High Bridge.
Hoard, R. L., enlisted May 25, 1861, Richardson's Corps, Virginia
Light Artillery, Battery A; twice captured and assigned to
duty as surgeon.
Horden, Hopkins, enlisted June 25, 1861, Co. C, 19th Virginia In-
fantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; second lieutenant;
wounded July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Horden, John, enlisted June 28, 1861, Co. K, 44th Virginia Infan-
try, Elzy's Brigade, Swell's Division; died April 20, 1862.
Horden, Mortimer, enlisted June 25, 1861, Co. K, 44th Virginia In-
fantry, Elzy's Brigade, Swell's Division; second lieutenant;
wounded at McDowell, October 28, 1861; died December 11,
1861.
Horden, William, enlisted June 25, 1861, Co. K, 44th Virginia In-
fantry, Elzy's Brigade, Swell's Division; wounded three times,
once at Brandy Station, February 28, 1862.
Hornner, James B., enlisted May 10, 1861, Co. H, 19th Virginia In-
fantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; killed at Wil-
liamsburg, June 6, 1862.
Hornner, John B., enlisted May 20, 1861, Co. I, 41st Virginia Cav-
alry; Mosby's Battalion.
Houchen, J. C., enlisted July 21, 1861, Poague's Battalion, Wyatt's
Battery, Heth's Division; wounded at Washington, North Car-
olina, April 3, 1863.
Houchins, William Thomas, enlisted July 21, 1861, Co. C, 1st Vir-
ginia Artillery.
Houchins, George T., enlisted July 21, 1861, Battery B, 1st Virginia
Light Artillery; died June 13, 1862.
Humphreys, George A., enlisted March, 1863.
Humphries, Thomas P., enlisted December 1, 1863, Co. B, 18th
Virginia Heavy Artillery, Custis Lee's Brigade, Swell's Divi-
sion.
Jackson, Andrew, enlisted 1863, Houston's Co., Duke's Albemarle
Co. Reserves.
APPENDIX 305
Jarman, J. H., enlisted April, ]8fi2, Co. D, 49th Virginia Infantry,
Kemper's Brigade, Pickett's Division; commissary.
Jarman, Thomas T., enlisted July, 1861; died September 20, 1864.
Jeffers, V. B., enlisted April 1, 1861, Co. G, 3d Virginia Cavalry;
second sergeant; promoted orderly sergeant; discharged 1864.
Jcntrey, E. D., enlisted 1863, Co. D, Booker's Infantry Reserves.
Jones, Allen L., enlisted 1861; killed near Winchester.
Jones, Frank, enlisted May 12, 1864, 1st Virginia Reserves under
Colonel Duke; died from exposure January, 1865.
Jones, John T., M. D., enlisted April, 1861; promoted surgeon of
the 14th Alabama; served eighteen months; promoted surgeon
of same.
Kase, Alvah, enlisted 1861, Co. A, 4th Virginia Cavalry, Fitz Lee's
Brigade, Stuart's Division; detailed on special duty; wounded,
1862, at Ashland; captured, 1863, in Prince William county;
held at Point Lookout.
Keener, J. Albert, enlisted 1862, Co. A, 25th Virginia Infantry, Pe-
gram's Brigade, Gordon's Division; wounded at Chancellors-
ville, May 3, 1863.
Keener, L. S., enlisted May 12, 1861, Co. A, 25th Virginia Infantry,
Pegram's Brigade, Gordon's Division; wounded at Frederick
City, Maryland, July 9, 1863.; captured and held at Baltimore.
Killian, G. H., enlisted April 17, 1861, Co. H, 5th Virginia Infantry,
Stonewall's Brigade, Johnson's Division; promoted captain;
wounded at Kernstown; captured at Wilderness, held at Fort
Delaware.
Kirby, J. "R., enlisted April 25, 1862, Co. K, 44th Virginia Infantry,
Johnson's Brigade,' Swell's Division; wounded May 10, 1864, at
Spotsylvania C. H.; captured May 12, 1864; held at Elmira,
New York; discharged June 27, 1865.
Kirby, John S., enlisted April 20, 1863, Co. D, 49th Virginia Infan-
try, Pegram's Battalion; wounded March 29, 1865, at Hatchers
Run.
Lackie, R. J., enlisted July 14, 1861, Co. H, 12th Virginia Cavalry,
Rosser's Brigade, Hampton's Division.
Leake, W. P., enlisted May 1, 1862, Battery B, Virginia Light Ar-
tillery, Otey's Brigade, Longstreet's Division.
Lipscomb, O. C., enlisted September 1, 1861, Co. A, 52d Virginia
Infantry, Pegram's Brigade, Johnson's Division; second ser-
geant; promoted first lieutenant; wounded May 24, 1864, at
Bethesda Church; captured September 19, 1864, at Winchester;
held at Fort Delaware; discharged June 15, 1865.
Lupton, James X., enlisted 1864, 61st Virginia Infantry, Mahone's
Division.
Macon. Littleton, L., enlisted April 10, 1861, Co. A, 1st Battery Vir-
ginia Light Artillery, Pcndleton's Brigade, Jackson's Division;
second sergeant; wounded June, 1862, at Cold Harbor; dis-
charged May 20, 1863.
Madison. William B.. enlisted August. 1862, Poague's Battalion,
Wyatt's Battery; wounded August 17, 1864, at Dunlap Station.
Magruder, H. E., enlisted 1864, Rockbridge Artillery; captured.
1864, in Caroline county; held at Point Lookout.
Magruder, John B., enlisted 1861, Rivanna Guards, Hunton's Bri-
gade, Pickett's Division: captain; promoted colonel of 57th Vir-
ginia Infantry: wounded and captured at Gettysburg, 1863; died
in prison, 1863.
Malbry, W. F., enlisted May, 1861, Co. E, 46th Virginia Infantry,
Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division.
306 APPENDIX
Marchant, H. C., enlisted 1861, Co. A, 12th Virginia Infantry;
wounded, 1862, at Richmond.
Marchant, John A., enlisted 1861, Mosby's command.
Marshall, Richard A., enlisted 1864, Co. G, 51st Virginia Infantry,
Wharton's Brigade, Early's Division.
Martin, Benjamin, enlisted July 15, 1861, Co. B, 46th Virginia In-
fantry, H. A. Wise's Brigade, Johnston's Division; sergeant;
wounded near Richmond, December, 1862; died November 3,
1877.
Maupin, G. X., enlisted June, 1861, 57th Virginia Infantry, Hun-
ton's Brigade. Pickett's Division, discharged March 10, 1862;
re-enlisted Jan. 13, 1864, in the 56th Virginia Infantry; cap-
tured near Farmville, April 6, 1865; held at Point Lookout; re-
leased June 28, 1865.
Maupin, G. W., enlisted November, 1864, Co. D, 49th Virginia Reg-
iment, Pegram's Brigade, Gordon's Division.
Maupin, P., enlisted March, 1862, Co. K, 2d Virginia Cavalry,
Wickham's Brigade, Stuart's Division.
Maupin, R. W., enlisted June, 1861, Co. H, 1st Virginia Artillery;
promoted second sergeant.
Mays, George W., enlisted May 1, 1861, Co. H, 19th Virginia In-
fantry, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; wounded at Seven
Pines, May 12, 1862.
Mayo, Jacob V., enlisted June 25, 1861, Co. K, 44th Virginia In-
fantry, Elzy's Brigade, Swell's Division; wounded May 28,
1863, at Petersburg; captured May 27, 1864, at Spotsylvania C.
H.; held at Fort Delaware; discharged June 25, 1865:
Mayo, L. R., enlisted spring, 1862, Co. B, 2d Virginia Cavalry,
Wickham's Brigade, F. W. Lee's Division.
McWilliams, Sam R., enlisted 1863; wounded at Point of Rocks,
Loudon county, and at Five Forks, Dinwiddie county.
Melton, J. P., enlisted 1861, Co. A, Nelson's Battalion Artillery,
Early's Division.
Melton, Cornelius J., enlisted 1861, Co. F, 19th Virginia Infantry,
Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; wounded at second Ma-
nassas, 1863; captured 1865, at High Bridge; held at Point
Lookout.
Michie, O. G., enlisted 1863, Wyatt's Battery Artillery, Poague's
Battalion; died at Atlas Station, C. & O. R. R., 1864.
Michie, Orin, enlisted July, 1861, Co. D, 46th Virginia Infantry, Mc-
Gruder's Brigade, Pickett's Division; corporal; captured at
Elizabeth City; held at Roanoke Island.
Michie, T. A., enlisted July 1861, McGruder's Division; assistant
surgeon.
Monday, C. L., enlisted July 20, 1861; assigned to provost duty in
hospital.
Moon, James N., enlisted June 1, 1861, Co. C, 19th Virginia Infan-
try, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division.
Moon, Richard C., enlisted May 1, 1864, Co. B, 1st Virginia Infan-
try.
Moon, Schuyler, enlisted July 1, 1861.
Moxwell, J. H., enlisted June 26, 1861, Co. G, 46th Virginia Infan-
try, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division; wounded February 28,
1862, at Roanoke Island; captured and paroled.
Nalle, E. P., enlisted 1861, Co. B, 49th Virginia Infantry, Smith's
Brigade, Swell's Division; discharged 1863..
Nelson, P. W., enlisted 1861; Co. C, 2d Virginia Infantry, Stone-
APPENDIX 307
wall Brigade; promoted first lieutenant; wounded in 1862 at
Port Republic and second Manassas; 1864 at Spotsylvania.
Xorris, William, enlisted May 12, 1864; discharged June 24, 1864.
Owens, C. W., enlisted June 1, 1861; Co G, 49th Virginia Infantry,
Pegram's Brigade, A. P. Hill's Division.
Payne, B. G., enlisted May 1, 1861; Co. A, 5th Virginia Infantry,
Payne's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division.
Pendleton, D., captured July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg; held at Point
Lookout; discharged June 25, 1865.
Phillips, O. P., enlisted June, 1863; Co. C, 6th Virginia Cavalry,
Lomax's Brigade, Stuart's Division.
Phillips, T. W., enlisted 1861; Co. C, 10th Virginia Infantry, Stone-
wall Brigade; wounded 1863, at Chancellorsville; 1864, at Wil-
derness.
Pitman, R. C., enlisted April 17, 1861; Co. F, 13th Virginia Infan-
try, Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division.
Powell, Frank, enlisted August 1, 1864; Co. D, 49th Virginia In-
fantry; Elzy's Brigade, Pegram's Division.
Powell, Lewis W., enlisted April 1, 1861; 1st Virginia Cavalry,
Stuart's Brigade; wounded July, 1861, at Manassas; discharged
for disability.
Powell, Sharod, enlisted January 1, 1864; Co. G, 10th Virginia Cav-
alry, Fitz Lee's Brigade.
Powell, William H., enlisted August 1, '64; Co. D, 49th Virginia
Infantry, Elzy's Brigade, Pegram's Division; wounded March
31, 1865, at Hatchers Run; captured at Sailors Creek, April 3,
1865; held at Point Lookout; discharged June 25, 1865.
Payne, John A., enlisted 1863; Co. C, 39th Battalion; courier.
Priddy, Anthony, enlisted 1864; Early's 'Company, Virginia Re-
serves, Custis Lee's Division.
Pugh, Silas G., enlisted January 20, 1862; Co. G, 46th Virginia In-
fantry, Wise's Brigade, Johnston's Division; captured at Roa-
noke Island, February, 1862; held at Elizabeth City; wounded
September 28, 1864, at Chester Station.
Railey, L. R., Jr., enlisted April, 1861; Crenshaw's Battalion, Car-
rington's Battery; captured May 5, 1863., at Spotsylvania C. H.;
held at Fort Delaware.
Railey, William B., enlisted April 17, 1861, 19th Virginia Infantry;
promoted orderly sergeant.
Rawlings, R. H., enlisted 1862; Co. I, 6th Virginia Cavalry, Lomax's
Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division; wounded at Brandy Station in
1863 and 1864; Cold Harbor in 1864.
Robinson, Richard W., enlisted August 1, 1864; Co. D, 47th Virginia
Infantry, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division; 2d lieutenant;
wounded February 4, 1865, at Petersburg.
Roder, Thomas L., enlisted 1863; Co. C, 39th Battalion; courier.
Rogers, J. H., Co. G, 6th Virginia Cavalry, Lomax's Brigade, Fitz
Lee's Division; wounded August 12, 1861, at Burnetts Ford,
and January 3, 1864, at Front Royal.
Rothwell, J. B., enlisted 1864; loth Virginia Cavalry; twice wounded;
died August, 1864.
Rothwell, Joseph Warren, enlisted April, 1862; Co. D, 56th Virginia
Infantry, Wickham's Brigade, Longstreet's Division; died
August 6, 1864.
Sandridge, George M., enlisted April, 1862: Virginia Artillery.
Sandridge, Ira L., enlisted June 6, 1863; Virginia Artillery.
Schwartz, John M., enlisted May 13, 1861; Co. A, 3d Virginia
308 APPENDIX
Cavalry, Ashby's Brigade, Stuart's Division; wounded at Cold
Harbor.
Shackleford, James, enlisted August 1, 1863; Co. G. 49th Virginia
Infantry, Gordon's Brigade, Early's Division; wounded May
29, 1864, at Trevallion; captured March 25, 1865, at Petersburg:
held at Point Lookout; discharged June 5, 1865.
Shay, A. R., enlisted 1861; Louisiana Guard Battery, Hays' Brigade,
Swell's Division; wounded 1862, at Cedar Mountain.
Shelton, A. G., enlisted March 15, 1862; Co. D, 49th Virginia In-
fantry, Pegram's Brigade, Jackson's Division.
Shepherd, C. R., enlisted May, 1863; Co. C, Duke's Virginia Reser-
ves, C. Lee's Division; discharged August, 1863.
Shepherd, J. S. M., enlisted April 1, 1862; Battery B, Virginia Light
Artillery, Elzy's Brigade, Early's Division; captured at Spot-
sylvania C. H., May 12, 1864; held at Fort Delaware; dis-
charged.
Shiflett, Andfield H., enlisted June, 1862; 12th Virginia, Poague's
Battalion, Sturdevant's Battery; wounded at Seven Pines, June
27, 1862.
Shifflett, Levi G., enlisted 1863; Poague's Battalion, Sturdevant's
Battery.
Shultz, Martin, enlisted July 20, 1861; Co. B, 52d Virginia Infan-
try, Pegram's Brigade, Johnson's Division: discharged January
3, 1864.
Smith, D. H., enlisted 1864; Co. F, Duke's Virginia Reserves, Cus-
tis Lee's Division.
Smith, George T., enlisted 1862; Captain French's Company, Ros-
ser's Brigade; captured at Brandy Station; held at Washington.
Smith, George W., enlisted 1864; Early's Company Virginia Re-
serves, Custis Lee's Division.
Smith, G. W., enlisted March 16, 1862; Wyatt's Battery, Poague's
Battalion, Heth's Division; wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863.
Smith, Henry J., enlisted 1861; Rivanna Guards; wounded at Seven
Pines, '62.
Smith, James D., enlisted '64; Co. A, 13th Virginia Infantry, Walker's
Brigade.
Smith, James D., enlisted 1864; Co. F, Duke's Virginia Reserves,
Custis Lee's Division.
Smith, J. H., enlisted September 1, 1861; Rockbridge Light Artil-
lery; Lewis' Brigade, Early's Division; first lieutenant.
Snead, C. L., enlisted 1862; Co. G, 49th Virginia Infantry; Pe-
gram's Brigade, Early's Division; captured 1865, at Petersburg;
held at Point Lookout.
Snead, Miles, enlisted 1861; Carrington's Battery.
Snead, William H., enlisted 1862; Co. G, 49th Virginia Infantry,
Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division.
Sutherland, Arthur B., enlisted May 20, 1861; Co. F, 46th Virginia
Infantry, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division; second sergeant:
promoted first lieutenant: captured February 2. 1862, at Roa-
noke; paroled.
Sutherland, Edward, enlisted May 10, 1861: Co. G, 46th Virginia
Infantry, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division: died September
23, 1864.
Sutherland, John H., enlisted May 20, 1861; Co. F, 46th Virginia
Infantry, Wise's Brigade, Johnson's Division; wounded and
captured at Roanoke, February 28, 1862; paroled.
Sprouse, Martin A., enlisted May 1, 1861; Co. A, 52d Virginia In-
APPENDIX 309
fantry, Elzy's Brigade, Pegram's Division; wounded August 29,
1861, at Williamsburg.
Tapp, Henry L., enlisted spring of 1861; 18th Virginia Infantry.
Cox's Brigade, Pickett's Division; discharged May, 1862; died
June, 1862.
Tapp, William D., enlisted spring of 1861.
Taylor, E. G., enlisted April 17, 1861; Co. B, 19th Virginia Infan-
try, Hunton's Brigade, Pickett's Division; promoted first ser-
geant; wounded and captured at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863; held
at Baltimore.
Taylor, William W., enlisted May 12, 1861; served as wagon master,
then mechanic.
Temple, Roy, chaplain; enlisted May 1, 1861; Battalion King Wil-
liam County Artillery, Rode's Brigade, Jackson's Division;
wounded at Seven Pines.
Thompson, N., enlisted 1863; Co. C, 39th Battalion; courier.
Tillman, John T., enlisted June 3, 1865; Co. B, 9th Battalion Vir-
ginia Cavalry, Fitz Lee's Brigade, Stuart's Division.
Tillman, T. W., enlisted May 13-, 1862; Co. D, 39th Virginia Cav-
alry, R. E. Lee's Division; wounded June 11, 1865, at Shady
Grove.
Timberlake, C. G., enlisted March, '64; Co. D, 43d Battalion, Mos-
by's command.
Tooley, I. F., enlisted May 1, 1862; Co. B, 15th Virginia Cavalry,
Lomax's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division; wounded at Spotsylvania
C. H., October 28, '64.
Tyler, John W., enlisted May 20, 1861; Co. I, 13th Virginia Infan-
try, Pegram's Brigade, Early's Division; wounded June 26, 1862,
at Fraziers Farm.
Van Doran, M. L., enlisted March 8, 1863; Co. B, 1st Virginia Cav-
alry, Wickham's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division.
Vaughan, A. W./ enlisted 1862; Sturdevant's Light Artillery.
Vaughan, Joseph G., enlisted 1863; courier to General Lee.
Vawter, C. E., enlisted May 9, 1861; Co. D, 27th Virginia Infan-
try, Elzy's Brigade, Jackson's Division; promoted third ser-
geant and captain; wounded June 19, 1862, in the Virginia val-
ley; captured March 2, 1865, at Waynesboro; held at Fort Del-
aware; discharged June 19, 1865.
Via, P. M., enlisted April 15, 1861; Boggs' Battalion, Stewart's Bat-
tery.
Voorhies, G. F., enlisted April 18, 1861; Co. D, 2d Virginia Infan-
try, Elzy's Brigade, Jackson's Division; wounded May 10, 1864,
at Spotsylvania C. H.
Wallace, James H., enlisted May 15, 1862; Co. B, 3d Battalion Vir-
ginia Light Artillery, Swell's Brigade, Jackson's Division.
Wayland, J. Finks, enlisted July 4, 1861; 3d Battalion Virginia Light
Artillery, Ewell's Brigade, Jackson's Division; wounded and
captured at Spotsylvania C. H., May 12, '64; held at Fort Del-
aware; discharged May 25, '65.
Wheeler, D. H., enlisted May 20, 1861; Co. E, 49th Virginia Infan-
try, Wise's Brigade, Johnston's Division.
Wheeler, J. J., enlisted February 14, 1862; Co. G, 5th Virginia Cav-
alry, Lomax's Brigade, Fitz Lee's Division.
White, J. C., enlisted April, 1861; 10th Virginia Cavalry, Stewart's
Brigade, W. H. Lee's Division; wounded at Butl Run.
W'hite, N. V., enlisted April, 1861; loth Virginia Cavalry, Stewart's
Brigade, W. H. Lee's Division.
310 APPENDIX
—
1«B; h«fd at Alton, Illinois. Virginia Light
July 3.
; held at Point Lookout Cay.
;: discharged May
Wrenn!^eph T.. enlisted 1S64; Co. B. 1st Virginia Reserve,
August. 20. IK*; 19th Virginia Infan-
Co. D. 46th Virginia Infan-
3 Ben^teed 1861; Southall's Battalion Artillery: dis-
-Unlisted 1864, Co. K. *»* Vn^nia l
Pegram's Brigade. E well's Division: wounded Isbo. at
ers Run.
rs... cLLii=ut^ - . f , -p-.-
vision- captured 1S63. at Hewlett's Farm: held at Elmira.
\Vood. Joseph T., enlisted 1S61: Co. F. 13th \irgmia Infantry,
Elzy's Brigade. A. P. Hill's Division: third lieutenant: dis-
charged 1862.
Wood. R. A., enlisted May 4. 1S61: Co. F. 7th Virginia Infantry.
Hunton's Brigade. Pickett's Division: wounded and captured
at Fraziers Farm. June 2. 1862; held at Fort" Delaware.
Wood, Robert E.. enlisted spring of 1861: Co. F. 7th Virginia In-
fantry. Longstreet's Brigade. Pickett's Division; wounded and
captured at Gaines Mills. 1S63: held at Governors Island.
Wood, T. H.. enlisted May 1. 1S»51. Battery C. Virginia Light Ar-
tillery, Xelson's Brigade. Pendleton's Division: wounded at
Kellys Ford. March 17. ISA.
Wood. Z. T., enlisted April 1. 1S61: Co. E. 52d Virginia. Johnston's
Brigade. Jackson's Division.
Wood. Wilson D.. enlisted May. 1S62: Co. K. 2d Virginia Infantry,
Wickham's Brigade. Fitz Lee's Division; wounded M<
at Spotsylvania.
Woodson, Powhatan, enlisted May 20, 1861: Co. B, 34th Virginia
Infantry. Wise's Brigade. Johnson's Division: captured tune
at Petersburg: held at Palmyra. New York.
Woodson. William F.. enlisted February 1. 1862. Co. B. 34th Vir-
gicria Infantry, Wise's Brigade. Johnston's Division: discharged
June 2.5. 1865.
Wooledge. W. W.. enlisted 1861: Co. A. 13th Virginia Infantry,
ELry's Brigade. A. P. Hill's Dfvision: detailed in 1862 as wagon
master and purchasing agent.
Worthmgton, C. A., enlist C, 1st Mary-land Infantry;
captain: captured in Maryland 1861; held in Washington: dis-
char. I; re-enlisted 1864, Co. A. 1st Maryland Battalion
Cavalry. Johnson's Brigade. Lomax's Division; wounded 1864.
Appendix, Part II
SUPPLEMENTAL AND CORRECTED LISTS FROM THE REC-
ORDS IN THE OFFICE OF THE CLERK OF THE CIRCUIT
COURT OF ALBEMARLE COUNTY.
The foregoing part of this appendix contains the lists, or partial
lists, of four or five companies not spread upon the county records.
The county records, on the other hand, contain lists of three or four
companies not found in the foregoing part of this appendix- The
count}* records also give many additional names for some of the
companies already set out. We have inserted all these additional
names below, as well as the lists of the three or four companies
found only in the county records. Taking this appendix altogether,
it now furnishes the most complete roster that will ever be given,
perhaps, of Confederate soldiers who served from Charlottesville and
Albemarle. The lists in the clerk's office are interspersed with con-
siderable historic data respecting the various organizations which
we are not able to include here owing to lack of space.
COMPANY B, NINETEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
Captain. R. T. \V. Duke; elected Colonel 46th Virginia Regiment-
First lieutenant. John L. Cochran; elected Captain-
Second lieutenant R- West Wirt; promoted to Captain.
Third lieutenant, Chas. W. Wayt; died 1*91.
Orderly sergeant. Wm. Alexander : killed March 2&th, 1865.
Second" sergeant. G. W. Spooner: afterwards Sergeant Major.
Third sergeant. T. W. Lipop; died after war.
Fourth sergeant, Bennett TaA-lor; promoted Lieutenant Colonel 19th
Regiment.
S. M. Keller; detailed in 1-
Third corporal. J. W. Dolin; then Sergeant.
W. T. Twyman: dead.
Quartermaster, P. Jacheri; dead.
PRIVATES.
Bibb. James T.; dead.
Barker. John E.; in Roncerverte in 1895.
Bowyer. L. R.: killed at Gettysburg.
Barker. Wm. : dead.
Blackwell. Joseph.
Bellamy. Lewis W.; wounded by falling from train.
Bellamy, John: in Alexandria, Va. (1894).
Barker, Archie; dead.
Cornell. W. P.; assigned to Ordnance Department.
Cravey. Peter H.: died l»~
Cox. Lucien H.; accidentally killed while on furlough,
Crigler. H. T.: promoted to Post Office Department.
Clark. Henry: dead.
Craven. A. j.: made Second Comm. Sergt.
Cochran, John L.; made Captain.
312 APPENDIX, PART II
Daniel, James L. ; killed.
Day, Samuel R.: died at home.
Dunnaway, \Y.: Rockbridge Co., Va.
Durrett, James M.; killed at Frazier Farm, 1862.
Dudley, John \V.: died at hospital 1861.
Dunn, Edward: killed.
Dunn, Pink; died in 1890.
Dunn, Luther M.; Hinton, W. Va.
Darden; killed by falling from cars.
Frey, Charles T.; dead.
Ford, Charlie; dead.
Frazier, Z. Lee; wounded at Frazier Farm.
Garnett, George \Y.; died in Texas.
Garten, S. F.; in Valley of Virginia preaching Gospel.
Garrison, Tyree E.; Albemarle County.
Goodman, David R. ; wounded.
Gordon, Wm. F.: never enlisted; clerk of House of Delegates; in
Texas.
Garth, James.
Garth. William; wounded.
Hamner, N. B.; killed at Williamsburg.
Hamner. B.: killed at Boonesboro.
Hamner, W. P.; promoted Lieutenant.
Holloday, J. M.; died since war.
Hoppe, F. A.; dead.
Hawley. John A.
Hughes. John.
Harris. Bernard; wounded at Gettysburg.
Harris, William; killed at Chancellorsville.
Jones. George T.; promoted: Reg. and Brig. Quarter Master.
Jones, Horace W.; promoted: Major and C. Commissary.
Johnson. M. D.; wounded and killed at Hatcher's Run.
Jordan. John D.; killed at second Manassas.
Jarman, John L. : in Charlottesville, Va. 1895.
Jones. William: killed at Bermuda.
Jones. James D.; discharged.
Keiley, Pat; dead.
Keiley, John; died from wounds.
Keblinger, Wilber J.; wounded in Pickett's Charge at Gettysburg.
Keller, S. M.; dead.
Kidd, B. W.; transferred to Albemarle Light Horse.
Laine, Thomas E.; died 1862.
Lindenborne. P.; killed at South Mountain, Md.
Lumsden, Wm. J.; killed at South Mountain, Md.
Lightner, John; died since the war.
Lipop. J. W., sergeant; died at home since the war.
Lumsden. Dick; badly wounded and discharged.
Leake, Walker; killed at Gaine's Mill.
Marcellus Johnson, dead.
Marchant. James B.; died in 1873.
Mooney. James M.; died in 1888.
Moore. J. B.; died in 1893.
Munday, Samuel; lives at Trevillians (1895).
Mullen, W.. sergeant: killed at Seven Pines.
Michie, H. Clay; Captain 56th Virginia Regiment.
Morris, Alec; killed at Gettysburg.
APPENDIX, PART II 313
Meeks, Lewis; dead. Moon, James H.; Scottsville, Va.
Munday, R. H.; served two months, then discharged.
Xoel. John; killed at Cold Harbor.
O'Brien, Timothy; deserted in Howlett House line.
O'Connor, Mike; dead, wounded at Gettysburg.
Pearsons, J. T.; near Augusta Co., Va.
Pearsons, E. J.; killed at Hatcher's Run.
Points, Polk; wounded at Gettysburg, afterwards died from wounds.
Porter, L. P.; died from wounds.
Points, Leonidas; died during the war.
Railey, Wm. B.; served one year.
Robertson, John A.; discharged on account of ill health.
Rodes, Walker; killed.
Robertson, Wm. J. ; died from wounds.
Reynolds, R. F.; killed at Sharpsburg.
Richards; killed at South Mountain, Md. Ross, Wm.
Robertson, James H.; detailed in 1895. Ross, Daniel.
Robertson, Rev. James; dead.
Randolph, Dr. W. C. N.; Charlottesville.
Seiler, Samuel; in Albemarle County Co. (1895).
Shepherd, M. J.; killed at Boonsboro.
Shepherd, D. S.; killed at Boonsboro.
Shepherd. Wm. H.; died since war.
Sutler, W. M.; deserted and then joined cavalry.
Smith, Thos. H.; died in Charlottesville, 1897.
Sutler, Asa; wounded at Gaine's Mill.
Sutler, John T.; wounded at Gettysburg.
Stephens, John R. ; in King and Queen 1895.
Sprouse, G. W., first sergeant; in Charlottesville 1895.
Thomas, Wm.; dead.
Taylor, E. G. ; promoted, Gettysburg.
Terrell, G. W.; in Baltimore in 1894.
Tombs, Geo. P.; died since war. Thomas; killed.
Thompson, Thomas; died since the war. True, John.
Twyman, W. T. ; promoted Guard. Sgt., dead.
Thomas, Wm.; dead. Wallace, John L ; Post Carrier.
Wolfe, Luther T., sergeant major; killed at second Cold Harbor.
Whitesel, D.; killed at Gettysburg.
Watkins. J. T.; died in 1894.
Wheeler, B. F.; wounded at first Manassas.
Walton, Richmond; in Augusta Co., Va., near Shenandoah 1895.
Wood, Richard; killed in Pennsylvania.
Conscripted in 1864.
Scott, John. Humphreys; dead.
Lewis. Henry. White.
Hall.
Transferred from Cavalry.
Alrick. Brittle, Peyton; Xelson County.
Achres; in Petersburg in 1895. Jesse Porter.
Harrapp, Tom. Rosser.
Garrett.
Proved by the oath of J. W. Dolin, third sergeant of 19th Regi-
ment Co. B.
Teste: D, W. Burnley, Deputy for W. L. Maupin, Clerk
314 APPENDIX, PART II
THE MONTICELLO GUARD.
COMPANY A, NINETEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
(Additional to Roll on p. 283, ante.)
Wingfield, Thos. F., fourth sergeant; served through the war.
Bailey, Rice G., quartermaster sergeant; discharged in '61; over age.
Perley, James, second corporal; served through the war.
Gulley, George A., third corporal; served through the war.
PRIVATES.
Burkhead, Joseph R. ; died in Soldier's Home, age 90 years.
Collier, John W. H.; deserted; living.
Collier, James; killed at Seven Pines.
Crank, George L. ; transferred to Cavalry.
Cloar, John W.
Christian, John J.; killed.
Juller, Joseph; died of disease.
Franks, Wm. B.; detailed in 1862.
Goolsby, James M.; served through the war.
Goodwin, Lewis C.; detailed; now dead.
Jones, Lucian S.; killed at Gettysburg.
Lee, John W. ; died since war.
Mallory, Joseph E.; promoted to Second Lieutenant.
McMullen, J. W.; died of disease.
McMullen, G. A.; died of disease.
Maury, Wirt M.; died since war.
Mooney, T. J.; served through war.
Points, Polk; killed at Gettysburg.
Pearce, John Newton; served through the war.
Payne, Wm. C. (still living).
Points, Jas. D.
Quicks, Jas. M.; promoted to Second Lieutenant.
Remsbaugh, Jacob; dead.
Shannon, Pat; served through the war.
Sales, Mathews G.; dead.
Trotter, Louis C.
Vandergrift, Christian W.; wounded at Williamsburg.
Wilkins, Geo. W. ; transferred; died in Charlottesville.
Webb, W. W.; served through war.
Webb, W. C.; bugler (still living).
Webb, Geo. S.; transferred to Co. K.
Wood, W. N.; promoted to First Lieutenant.
Williams, T. J. (still living).
Harman, Chas. H.; detailed.
Hudson, Andrew; detailed.
Added at Reorganization 1862.
Brown, A. J. Humphries, J. E.
Birkhead. J. F. Lane, T. E.
Birkhead. X. F. Thomas, J. W.
Copeland. X. F. Bowen, Jno. A
Lane, Lorenzo.
APPENDIX, PART II 315
Added in May 18631.
Brooks, A. J.; served through war.
Wingfield, T. F.; died at home.
Haw, Thos. ; deserted.
Leaky, Daniel.
Harrison. C. H.; served through war.
Harlow, G. N.; deserted.
Herron, W. A.; served through war.
Dudley, Wm.; dead.
Dennis, J. M.
Added in October 1863.
Harlow, Jas. M.; dead. Jones, Jas. H.; substitute.
Herron, I. A. Roades, C. W.; wounded.
Added in April 1864.
Click, Wm. Baldwin. Wirt.
THE CHARLOTTESVILLE SILVER CORNET BAND.
(Enlisted in the Monticello Guard.)
The Charlottesville Silver Cornet Band enlisted in Co. A, 19th
Virginia (Monticello Guard) and Jeft with it for Culpeper Court
House, Va., on the return of the Company from Harpers Ferry.
The band constituted a part of Co. A, but acted as Regimental
Band. It was considered the best band in the Army of Northern
Virginia with the exception of the 1st Regiment Virginia Infantry
Band. As the band only enlisted for one year, at its expiration
most of the members scattered to other organizations. W. C. Webb
became Regimental Bugler for the 19th, retaining his member; hip
in Co. A, and his brother G. S. Webb reenlisted in Co. B, 19th Vir-
ginia.
MEMBERS.
G. A. Tetlow, first cornet and band master; died since war.
James Munday, first B. flat cornet; died since war (drowned).
Wm. H. Johnson, second B. flat cornet; died since war.
Wm. C. Webb, first E. flat alto; business manager (still living).
James T. Johnson, first B. flat tenor; died since war.
Richard Hughes, second B. flat tenor; died since war.
Thomas, Dolin B. flat baritone; died since war.
John Wesley Johnson, first B. flat bass (now living in Charlottes-
ville).
William Dolin, snare drummer (now living in Brooklyn, N. Y.)
James Curtis, cymbals.
George S. Webb, bass drummer (transferred to Co. K, 19th Vir-
ginia).
BLUE RIDGE RIFLES.
COMPANY K, NINETEENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
(Additional to Roll on p. 284, ante.)
Captain, Rea, Jno. R.; died since war.
Second lieutenant, Rails, Chas. E.; died since war.
Third lieutenant, Dettor, Wm. F.; still living.
Abell, M. L., private; killed at. Cold Harbor, 18G4.
316 APPENDIX, PART II
Alander, W. A., sergeant; died in service.
Baber, Samuel, private; wounded.
Burch, R. H., corporal; died since war.
Clark, Ed., private; died since war.
Cleveland, J. T., private; died since war.
Cranwell, Henry, private; died since war.
Davis, Geo. D., private; died since war.
Fettor, A. C., private; died since war.
Fisher, W. J., private, died since war.
Foster, Geo. A. J., private; still living.
Garrison, Jno., private; still living.
Gibson, Wesley, died since war.
Gibson, J. E., private; fate unknown.
Gibson, Alex, private; killed just before Cold Harbor.
Gibson, Joel, private; still living.
Gilliam, T. Mann, private; still living.
Harlow, J. M.; private; died at Soldiers' Home.
Harris, Ben, private; still living.
Harris, Wm., private; killed.
Hawkins, R. A., private; died since war.
Hawkins, R. A., Jr., private; died since war.
Hawkins, S. A., private; died since war.
Hays, Thos., private; killed.
Herron, Willis A., private; died since war.
Hecks, R. M., sergeant; died since war.
Johnson, Jas., private; disappeared during war.
Jones, Francis, private, died since war.
Kennon, H. A., sergeant; died since war.
Keyton, Ben, drummer.
Kane, Jas., private; still living, Afton, Va.
Leake, J. Samuel, private; died since war.
Lindsay, A. D.; corporal; died since war.
McCauley, Ryland, private; died since war.
McSparran, Robt. M., corporal; killed at Booneboro, 1862.
Martin, W. L., private; died since war.
Martin, Jas. G., private; badly wounded.
Martin, Jno. A., private; died since war.
Mathews, Jno., private; nothing known of him.
Morrisett, P. F., private; died since war.
Morrisett, J. M., private; died since war.
Moyer, Jacob, private; died in service.
Railey, W. B., sergeant.
Rea, Absalom, private; died.
Reynolds, J. R., private; died since war.
Robertson, Jas. H.; private; died in 1906.
Robertson, Rev. J. C., private; died.
Robinson. J. F., private; died.
Rothwell, F. E., private; died since war.
Scott, Jas. M., private; killed.
Scott, private; killed.
Shepherd, Robt., private; died 1861.
Shepherd, Wm. B., private; died 1861.
Sprouse, private; fate unknown.
Thacker, Frank, private; died since war.
Taylor, Randall, private; killed 1864.
Tilliman, Wm. X.; private; accidentally shot
APPENDIX, PART II 317
Tisdale, Lewis, private; died since . war.
Wayland, W. R., private; accidentally shot.
Webb, Geo. S., private; still living.
Wheeler, A. S., corporal; fate unknown.
Wood, W. D., private; died since war.
Wood, J. M., private; still living.
Wood, Richard, private; died since war.
Woolford, Henry, private; still living.
Woodson, J. L., private; still living.
Wyant, J. D., private; died since war.
Yancey, J. R., sergeant; supposed to be dead.
Yancey, Chas. K., private; died since war.
A German, recent (unkown); disappeared.
A German (Sub. for Cleveland); disappeared.
A German (Sub. for J. A. Yancey); disappeared.
COMPANY "E," THE PIEDMONT GUARDS, NINETEENTH
VIRGINIA INFANTRY.
(Additional to Roll on p. 284, ante.)
OFFICERS.
Captain, Charles S. Peyton; wounded at Second Manassas.
First lieutenant, William R. Pritchett; died of smallpox March 3rd,
1863.
Third lieutenant, Benjamin W. Thurman.
First sergeant, Albert G. Taylor; accidentally shot.
Second sergeant, Anthony Foster; discharged over 35 years of age.
James Salmon; killed at Hatchers Run, March, 1865.
First corporal, Robert M. Gilbert; died at Cold Harbor.
Second corporal, Samuel W. Edwards.
Third corporal, James J. Sandridge; wounded.
Fourth corporal, Reuben P. Ferguson;; wounded.
PRIVATES.
Bowles, John W. ; detailed brigade blacksmith.
Bellamy, Andrew J.
Brockman, James P.
Brockman, Bertley; severely wounded at Second Manassas.
Butler, Jacob W.; killed.
Brockman, Waller D.; died at home.
Beck, Thomas J.; died Sept. 14th, 1861.
Bramham, John H.
Bramham, James G.; severely wounded.
Garden, William B.; killed.
Garden, John A.; wounded.
Corden, A. J.
Carpenter, John F.; killed at Gettysburg.
Condrey, Jony.
Carver, James C.; died.
Dowell, Major M.
Durrett. Thomas D.
Dowell, R. E.
Dowell, Ezekiel.
Duncan, J. B.
Draper, John; discharged on regular detail.
318 APPENDIX, PART II
Edwards, Tazewell S.; discharged.
Edwards, Brice J.; wounded in head.
Eastin, Henry; killed.
Easten, Granvills; wounded and died from wounds.
Eheart, Adam Gratten; wounded in left arm.
Eastham, David C.; promoted to fifth sergeant.
Ferguson, Charles M.
Flynt, James T.; wounded.
Flynt, William D.; wounded in right arm.
Gilbert, Beverly; wounded.
Gerold, Garland F.; wounded.
Garnett, William J.; wounded in right arm.
Garnett, Milton.
Gregory, Benjamin F.
Gore, James; discharged.
Goss, Ebenezer.
Harlow, Samuel M.
Herring, Henry A., detailed brigade teamster.
Herring, John Henry.
Hill, William H.; wounded in Second Manassas.
Hall, Henry J.; killed.
Hall, William S.; wounded.
Hill, Joseph M.
Hall, E. B.; honorably discharged.
Harlow, Lucian M.
Johnson, W. W.; died in the service.
Jones, B. C.
Kendricks, J. M.
Kite, William H.; enlisted Oct. 30, 1864, transferred to 39th Battal-
ion, Virginia Cavalry.
Leake, William J.; enlisted May 10th, 1861.
Leake, John W.; wounded May 5, 1862, at Williamsburg, mortally
wounded in battle at Seven Pines, June 1st, 1862, died from
wounds.
Lane, Nehemiah; detailed to other services.
LeTellier, Joseph C.; wounded in battle of Gettysburg, July 3, 1S63.
LeTellier, William B.; promoted second lieut. ; wounded, captured,
and died in hospital, April 26th, 1862.
Madison, James A.; captured at Yorktown.
Mundat, Johnathan B.; wounded in battle of Gettysburg, July 3,
1863.
Munday, Isaac L. ; enlisted May 10th, 1861.
Munday, Thomas Walker, promoted to second lieut. and wounded
and killed in 1863.
Munday, Henry B.; died Nov. 3, 1861.
Meeks, Henry M.; captured at Yorktown.
Mahanes, Tavenor O.; wounded at Gettysburg.
Mitchell, W. F.
Martin, Timothy.
McCleune, H. T.
McCleune, W. M.
- Nprvell, Joseph B.; captured and killed at Gettysburg.
Nimmo, Hiram; enlisted March 15th, 1862, deserted April 6, 1S62.
Freddy, James.
Pritchett, Bellfield, wounded 3 times.
Pritchett, James D.; wounded.
APPENDIX, PART II 319
Freddy, Obadiah; discharged; over age.
Routt, O. P.
Simms, William J.; captured at Yorktown.
Smith, James A.; enlisted May 10th, 1861.
Sampson, George W.
Salom, Thomas B.; detailed at Chimborazo hospital.
Thomas, Tazewell S.; died Aug. 3, 1862 in hospital.
Thomas. Jerry; died at home of typhoid fever.
Thomas. James C; died at home.
Taylor, John R. killed at Gettysburg July 3, 1863.
Twyman, Travis; captured at Yorktown.
Teel, Lewis; discharged under age.
Wood, James F.; detailed teamster.
Wood, Marian; badly wounded June 27th, 1862.
Wood, W. M.; detailed teamster.
Wood, W. L.
Wood, C. T.; enlisted October 16, 1864.
Wood, William; killed in battle.
Wood Lemuel E.; promoted to Second Lieutenant.
Wood, Washington, enlisted May 10th, 1861.
Zibinia, Antonia; killed at Second Manassas.
COMPANY I, SEVENTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, C. S. A.
(Additional to Roll on p. 294, ante.)
PRIVATES.
Brown, B. G.; second lieutenant. Etherton D. O.; third sergeant.
Brown, Wm. A.; fourth sergeant. Fretwell, B. F.; second corporal.
Brown, C. B.; fifth sergeant. Golding, T. J. O.; sergeant.
Blackwell, H. C. Herndon, Wm. H.
Bailey, T. J. Lasly, Hamilton.
Belew. J. T. Maupin, W. B.; third lieutenant.
Brown, W. H. H. Maupin, Carson.
Brown, B. G. Parrott, W. N. ; fourth corporal.
Brown, W. G. Rodes, J. W. ; first lieutenant.
Ballow, Marian. Winn, J. J.; captain.
Clark, J. S. Wyant, J. E.; second sergeant.
Dove, David. Walters, W. P.; first corporal.
Clements, W. S. Wood, S. F.
Clements, Joe.
BORDER GUARDS.
COMPANY D, FORTY-SIXTH VIRGINIA INFANTRY, WISE BRIGADE.
(Additional to Roll on p. 297, ante.)
PRIVATES.
Bailey, James H. McCauley, M. R.
Garrison, Frank W. Barnett, Anderson; died in S. C.
Madison, John W.; killed at Petersburg.
Donald, Jack. Kollette, Frank.
Easton, John D. Lane.
Joice, Thomas.
320 APPENDIX, PART II
ALBEMARLE LIGHT HORSE.
COMPANY K, SECOND REGIMENT, VIRGINIA CAVALRY, C/ S. A.
(Additional to Roll on p. 290, ante.)
PRIVATES.
Allegree, Albert G.
Anderson, David; died after war.
Brown, Ezra M.; wounded twice.
Bishop, Wm.; wounded.
Burnley, Wm. H.; wounded twice.
Bodeker, A.; died since war.
Bodeker, Wm. ; died since war.
Bragg, James M.
Byars, Elwood.
Ballard, James H.; fourth last captain; wounded several times.
Ballard, Thos. Edgar; died since war.
Boston, Reuben; killed.
Brockman, T. B.
Boston, Fountain; died after war.
Boston, James N; died after war.
Bibb, John R., died after war.
Creel, Benjamin.
Carter, John P.; wounded.
Colston, Edward; wounded.
Cleveland, Hames; wounded.
Cole, John G.
Carr, R. Henry, commonly called "Brig."
Clark, Christopher; killed.
Clark, Wilber F.
Clarkson, Joseph; died after war.
Cave, Benj. B.; wounded.
Carr, F. E. G.; first lieutenant of Co. 1861-2; died since war.
Davis, Fontaine B.
Day, John B.
Dolin, Robert; sergeant.
Dolin, James.
Duke, George W.
Daniel, Montgomery; died since war.
Dunn, Pascal.
Daniel, H. Vattel; died since war.
Daniel, John M.; wounded.
Davis, Eugene; captain.
English,tWm. O.
Eastharri, James; died since war.
Ferguson, Reuben.
Ford, Charles, orderly sergeant.
Fry, Jesse L.; died 1901.
Fitz, James L.
Ferneyhough, Geo. N.; died 1902.
Fielding, John J.
Gordon, Mason; corporal.
Gooch, Willis H.; second lieutenant of Co., died 1902, wounded three
times in battle.
Gentry, James; wounded.
Gentry, Charles.
APPENDIX, PART II 321
Garth, Hugh; killed.
Geiger, George H.; first lieutenant, killed at Gettysburg.
George, Tucker. C.; died 1899.
Gooch, Octavius; died since war.
Harris, James O.; died since war.
Haden, Lilburn.
Haden, Joel; wounded.
Haden, Osborne.
Hall. John E.
Hancock, David E.; died since war.
Hopkins, John S.; captured at Gettysburg.
Harrison, Peachy G.; sergeant.
Holcombe, Wm. J.; died 1901.
Hodges. James.
Harris, William; killed.
Howe, Howison.
Howard, Douglas: oldest member of Co., died after war.
Head, Mercea; died since war.
Head, Montgomery; died since war.
Head, Algretas.
Jacobs, James; killed.
Jones, John D.; died since war.
Johnson, Joseph; wounded.
Kidd, Benj. W.
Lasley, John; third captain of Co.; killed at Front Royal, Sept., 1S65.
Lewis, Robert W.: died 1901.
Minor, Richmond Terrell.
Marshall, Patrick H.
Maddox, John C.
Morton, James M.; wounded.
Moss, J. B. T.
Michie, Henry Clay.
Maupin, Wm. B.; wounded.
Michie, Octavius; killed.
Minor, Frank; wounded.
Mapie, Nathaniel Hardin; died since war.
Nelson, Hugh; wounded.
Noland, Lloyd; died since war.
Newman, Nathaniel.
Nelson, Kinlock; died after war.
Norvell, Polk; died of fever.
Peyton, Eugene O.; died August, 1899.
Porter, H. D.; died since war.
Page, Thomas W.; died since war.
Powell, Hunter.
Powell, Ceraleton P.
Perkins, Joseph; wounded.
Peyton, Thomas P.; died after war.
Pace. Minor; died since war.
Proffitt, James A.; died since war.
Rogers, J. Thornton; wounded.
Rogers, William.
Robertson, Constantine; died during war.
Reynolds, H. F.
Reynolds, Chesney; died 1861.
Rogers, John A.; died since war.
322 APPENDIX, PART II
Randolph, Thomas Jefferson; lieutenant.
Ramsey, Albert.
Scruggs, James.
Scruggs, William.
Snead, William.
Scruggs, Samuel.
Snead, Luther R.
Snead, John A.; died after war.
Scruggs, Scott.
Salmon, John H.; died after war.
Simms, William; died after war.
Taylor, A. J.
Taylor, B. Warwick.
Teel, Lewis.
Tucker, James.
Tompkins, Alexander C.
Taylor, Alexander.
Thompson, James.
Taylor, John; died since war.
Via, Wade R.
Wood, Wm. H.
Wood, Wilson D.; wounded.
White, Frank; died during war.
Woods, James T.
Woods, Micajah.
Wheeler, W. Dyer.
Wills, Fred M.
Wyant, Wm. C.
Willis, John.
Walker, James M.
Williams, J. Edward.
Wood, George.
Wood, John.
Wood, W. Durrett.
Woods, James.
Wheeler, Wm.
Watson, John; mortally wounded.
Wright, Wm. G.; died since war.
Young, William.
COMPANY F, TENTH VIRGINIA CAVALRY, C. S. A.
(Additional to Roll on p. 291, ante.)
Appling, Edel; dead. .Key, Wm.; dead.
Coutter, George. Nash, Alex.
Elsom, Wm.; killed at Reams Station. Powell, Levi; dead.
Ferguson, Jas.; wounded. Powell, Lewis; dead.
Spears, George; wounded. Roberts, Milton; dead.
Goodloe, A. M.; dead. Rudasyl, Jas.; dead.
Hamner, J. N.; dead. Ransom, Jas.
Harmon, Wm. Smith, Gary; dead.
Smith, Wm. Shelton, Cliff; wounded
Shepherd, Thomas; dead. Stargall, Henry; dead. Suddarth, Wm.
Wisscott, Gid; killed at Brandy Station June 9th, 1863.
Wingfield, Wilber; dead. White, Newton; dead. White, J. W. A.
APPENDIX, PART II
323
CHARLOTTESVILLE ARTILLERY, CARRINGTON'S
BATTERY.
OFFICERS.
Captain, Jas. McDowell Carrington. Lieutenant, James Dinwiddie.
Lieutenant, J. H. Timberland; dead. Lieutenant, A. B. Cochran.
Lieutenant, French S. Bibb; killed. Lieutenant, Rodes Massie.
Lieutenant, Frank W. Swoop.
SERGEANTS.
Harris, H. H.
Harman, C. H. Q. M. S.
Hunter, John, Jr.
Kenneth McCary; killed.
Holladay, Walter.
Calvert.
Spooner, John H.
Harris, jerry M.
Fife, Herndon.
Martin, Pat.
Wills, Thomas C.
Carrington, Geo.
Coffman, Samuel F.
Davis, W. T.
Spooner.
CORPORALS.
Wayland, James F.
McCarthy, Michael.
Lewis.
Atkins, James H.
Terrell, Nathan A.; bugler.
PRIVATES.
Atkins, James.
Abell, Caleb.
Berry.
Birsy, William.
Burgoin, Geo.
Bishop, A. D.
Bowen, W. M.
Brown. James.
Brown, Lucian B.
Barksdale, J. Isaac.
Barksdale, W. J.
Boyden, Hansford.
Baylor, Alex.
Byers, Edward.
Belew; killed at Fort
Bibb, J. H., Jr.
Bibb, G. W.
Brown, James.
Baker, Edward.
Berry; captured.
Cochran, Geo. M.
Clements, J. W.
Channey.
Cocke, T. L. P.
Cason, Ned.
Craven, Jesse.
Cox. L. W. (see Co.
Clark, T. J.
Craven, Dabney.
Creel, Jas.
Dobbins, Richard.
Dollins, R. H.
Dodd, Ben.
Douglas, Geo.
Dillard, A. H.
Deverix, Alonzo.
Duke, R. W.
Day, John B.
Duncan, G. S.
Durrett, Wm. S.; killed.
Elliton, Fleming.
Fretwell, Jno. A.
Fitzhugh, F .C.
Ferneyhough, Milton.
Flint, Sim.
Delaware Garver.
Goodwin, Julius D.
Garrison, Julius.
Garrison, John.
Gruber, F.
Goodwin, John.
Garrison, James.
Gardner, Ira B.; wounded
Farmville, April 6, 1865.
Gillispie; captured.
Hornsey.
Harrison, Harry.
D, 46th Virginia Infantry).
Houston, Arch.
Houston, Jno.
Harlow, Jno.
Harding, W. M.
324 APPENDIX, PART II
Hill, Henry; major. Haulback, Jno. W.
Holliday, Waller. Humphreys, Alex.
Holliday, A. L. (Major Jones Batty.) captured.
Isemann, Isaac. Pace, Hilery P.
Jenkins, Henry; colonel. Pendleton, Phil.; killed.
King, Dr. W. W. Preston, Walter C.; wounded.
Lowney, Geo. T. Perry, Benj.
Loyd, David. Pinkney.
Martin, W. L. Pritchett, J. W.
Martin, Pat. Page, H. C.
Madison, Jack. Pattie, J. M.
Marshall, S. M. Pritchett, H. W.
Maupin, Gary. Rpdes, Tom.
Maupin, B. F. Ricks, Jno. W.
Massie, E. B. Rodes, Jas.
McEntire, Malcolm G. Roller, A. B.
Mallary, Andrew. Roller, John Housell.
Miller, James. Roller George S.
Milton, Turney; captured. Rodes, Schuyler.
Miles, B. B. Riley, Jno.
Norvel, Wm.; killed.
Railey, L. R. Jr. captured at Spot. C. H.
Strange, Tucker. Thacker, Wm., Jr.
Shepherd, Jas. S. M. Thompson.
Sinclair, C. G. Timberlake, Jno. W.
Shreve, A. Via, Lyman; killed.
Sneed, Milo. Wills, Ben.
Sneed. Wills, Wm. S.
Starke, A. W. Wills, Alex.
Scantling, W. N. Waddell, Alex.
Shiflett, L. G. Wash, P. T.
Sprouse, L. K. Wyant, James R.
Smith, Ira G. Wood, Ed. S.
Shiflett, Anfield; captured. Wood, Jno. R.
Timberlake, W. Clark. Wheat, Alonzo.
Terrell, John A. White. Thos. B.; killed.
Terrell, N. A.; killed. Waltom, Chap.
Thacker, Wm. Wade, Good.
ALBEMARLE ARTILLERY, EVERETT REGIMENT,
SOUTHALL'S BATTERY.
Captain, Wm. H. Southall; resigned.
First lieutenant, W. Leroy Brown; resigned; Lt. Col. Ordnance.
First lieutenant, Green Peyton; resigned; Major and A. A. General.
Second lieutenant, David Watson; resigned; Major of Artillery
Orderly sergeant, M. N. Fleming; commissioned Ajs. Surgeon.
Quartermaster sergeant, James Ross; resigned.
Sergeant, John D. Watson; commissioned Lieutenant; Ajgt. 57 Vir-
ginia Regiment.
Sergeant, Howe P. Cochran; commissioned Lieutenant Ordnance.
Sergeant, Wm. Thurmond; commissioned Lieutenant Miss. Infantry.
Captain, J. W. Wyatt; Captain Artillery; killed.
First lieutenant, Charles M. Rivers; killed.
Sergenat, Drury W. Brunley; Orderly Sergeant.
Corporal, Robert Falligant; Sergeant; Captain Artillery.
APPENDIX, PART II 325
Corporal, G. W. Richards; commissioned Ajs. Surgeon.
Corporal, Fred W. Page; detailed Quartermaster.
Corporal, Henry T. Coalter; Sergeant; Lieutenant Adjutant 53rd Vir-
ginia Infantry.
Corporal, C. F. Johnson; Captain Artillery.
Corporal, Ed. T. Harrison; Sergeant; Lieutenant Artillery.
Corporal, W. K. Woodhouse; Lieutenant Artillery.
Corporal, Ernest 'Blum; transferred.
Corporal, John P. Michie; discharged.
Corporal, John Selden; Sergeant; Lieutenant Ordnance.
Corporal, G. H. Catterton; discharged.
Corporal, G. W. Gentry; deserted.
PRIVATES.
Anderson, W. R.; deserted.
Ayers. Wm. P. Ayers; captured at Earlysville.
Boyd, Charles. Bellamy, F. W.; died in hospital.
Burnley, W. R. Bass, J. C.; discharged in 1862.
Bellamy, James W. Becks, J. W.
Bibb, Henry H.; captured at Appomattox Court House.
Bailey, John A.; died at home.
Brown, James R.; wounded at Cold Harbor.
Bishop, Jonathan.
Byers, W. M.; served at Appomattox Court House.
Byers, John.
Bronaugh, W. L. ; Ajs. Surgeon.
Bronaugh, F. S.
Bruce, James H.; discharged.
Burch, Samuel; in Lynchburg in 1898.
Benson, Charles P.
Clark, Geo. M.; discharged and reenlisted in 1864.
Carr, James B.; corporal. Carper or Casper, A. G.
Carr, Geo. W. ; discharged. Cole, J. L. ; discharged.
Craddock, S. G. Chapman, N. T. ; discharged.
Chimsolm, Wm.; killed. Collins, Tandy; died in hospital
Clements. Louis; wounded at Cold Harbor.
Clements, R. M.; killed at Cold Harbor.
Davis, R. O.; dead. Davis, M. V.
Davis, P. M. Davis, D. H.
Davis, B. F. Davis, James E.
Davis, E. A.; deserted.
Darnella, H. M.; discharged in 1862 on account of age.
Delake, Wm.; killed at Petersburg.
Dobbs, Ira; died in Charlottesville Hospital.
Dodd, C. G. ; surrendered at Appomattox Court House; dead.
Dobbins, David; wounded at Cold Harbor; dead.
Dowell, C. R.; died in hospital.
Dollins, J. B.; discharged.
Drumheller, L. A.; discharged in 1862.
Derryer; discharged.
Early, Wm. J.; discharged; drowned in Mechums River.
Eddins, C. C.; dead.
Fitz, John W.
Fitz, Thos. P.; transferred to Cavalry.
Fleming, Geo. W.; discharged.
Gibson, R.; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Gibson, J. W. ; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
APPENDIX, PAST II
Garrison, Win.; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Garland, Goodrich; discharged for disability.
Garth. D. G.; wooded and died at home.
Garner. E. W.; wounded accidentally and discharged.
Garrison. Austin, detailed.
Garrison, Chap; dJM imged on account of age.
Gibson. M. B.; discharged on account of disability.
Gfflespie. Nap; dead.
Gatm, A. P.
3snM9) JUhett.
Goodman. J. D.; discharged.
Goodwin. Jas. E.: died in hospital.
Goodson or Goodwin. Wm.: Ritters Battery.
Garrison, Geo. T.; discharged.
Goodwin, F. C; discharged.
Goodwin, Julius; discharged.
Gibson, A.
Garrison, A.; discharged.
Holly. G. D.; surrendered at Appomattox Court Honse.
Barlow. A. M.
Harlow. G. W.
Harlow, H. M.: discharged in 1M2.
Harris, R. J.; discharged on account of age.
Harris, David; died in hospital. Houchens. Geo. T.; dead.
Harris, J. G.; died in hospital. Houchens, J. C.
Harris. R_ F. Houchens. Jno. F.
Harris, James E. Houchens. \V. T.; dead.
Hartnagie. Andrew. Honchens, R. L.; dead.
Higgins, R. S. Houchens. G. W.; discharged.
Head, G. V.; surrendered at Appomattox Court Honse.
Hall, Marion.
Henderson, Jno. A.; dead,
Hughes. Elijah; killed.
Hughes, Richard; discharged on account of age.
Harris, H. F. Johnson, J. W.; discharged.
Hart, W. P.; discharged. Jones. Thos. R.; killed.
Jackson, Warrick; died. Jones, A.
Jackson, Ira; died. Kirby. Wm. G.; discharged.
Kirby. Wm. R.; died Dec. 7. 191».
Keller. Geo.; wounded and died in X. C.
Keller, Wm.; wounded and died in hospital.
Keys, Wm.; killed.
Key, Wm.; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
KiHcolfin, Pat; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Lacey, Tim.
Lewis, J. M.
Phillip
Little, Charles or C. If.; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Lnikenhawkes. H.; wounded and killed at Cold Harbor.
1,mtm*Am Henry. Luckett. H. W.: discharged.
Meeks, Hiram.; discharged. Mannoni. Andrew: discharged.
Mclntee, Thos.; discharged. Minor. C. C.; sergeant
Manpin, James R.; transferred; killed at Gettysburg.
Maupin, R, W.; surrendered at Appomatox Court House.
..'-.'. • '.' ' -- r~". - -
Madison, Wm.; wounded at Dunpals Station.
FART n 327
Madison, T. W.
MeLaaghfia, J. W.
. . '_ ~ 1" "-- ~ _ " ~z. ~ t r ' f ' '- ~ ^ ~- -
Mundav. T. H.; died in hospital
Michie, H. R.; transferred ia
Michie. T. A; cc
Michie. J. W.
McAllister. Js
McAllister, John; wounded at
McAllister, Richard; transferred to 56th Regt
McAllister, Be.; miuadVn'ri at Appomatox Coart Hoase.
: i- i - 7 McDaaieJ, Jaanes
Merriaa, Wm. McDamd, Thos.
Miller, Joseph; detailed. t I
Murray, Wat. H.; kaVd at Cold Harbor.
Merritt, G. T.; sarrendered at Appomatox Court
Moody, Wm.
Moody, Robt.; iaiiiadticd at Appomatox Court Hoase.
McKennie, James; • naadrd and died in X, C
Ximmon, Henry; killed.
Phiffips, B. S.; ^"n^a'C*^ on account of age.
Perry, Jao. J.; killed at Cold Harbor.
Pace, Joseph; sarreadered at Appoantox Coart Hoase.
Pagfa. £. A: died in Hospital Fort Monroe.
Paynes, J- E.; House Sergeaat.
Parrott, Geo. \^.; discharged.
Pleasants, P. B .'; died ia Hospital
Payne, Jaaies.
PeadletotL, W'm.; sarreaaeied at Appoatatox Coart Hoase.
PollanL Lee.
Pollard, C T.; killed at Cold Harbor.
Powers, Jaaies; destilcd. Rhoades, J. M.;
Ramsey, H. R.; discharged. Rhodes, T. L;
Rc>wan. Jaaes; dtMhaigcd.
RavDor, Jao. D.; sanendered at Ajipiaailliu Coart Hoase.
d. -. i _ir._ j T * . j-Irfc1_-^MLj
LIHjl Kgiiva^i, JDO. A., aouBuKjea.
aaett. R.; discharged. Scraggs. Wm.; dJ^Jkugcd
Shtaett, A_; seat to hospital Santh, WaL P.; discharge
Santh, Joha F.; dead. ^
Sanni, G. \vUfis; waaded at Gettysharg.
Smith. G W. Snvder. D. S Sayder, C B.
?-j:::r .-.?-* ?'-::*. .":" f-::f ".'-
T h ompfans, C. G.; Orderly Sergeaat; deaflL
Taylor, Jeff R.; transferred.
Taylor, John; .tautadurd at Apppoaxattox Coart Hoase.
--, ••-.- >: :-: Thornlev, '
--- -- : -^ i ifm-cfi TavJor, Wat; dead.
Troctor, Geo.; duchjugcd. TerreO. O. H. P.;
Terr? i- -=.-ct: Tfcbs, Jmo. W.;
7r.:rr.;>:r N' :-: k 1 1 i: I - : Hi-: :-
> i - .. f;' r ~ ; t*7 " i: -. : T : .. L" : \ . : ~T . . : uft
Voigbt. L; discharged. Walker, J. A
Woods, J. W.; discharged. Walker. J. £.; discharged.
328
APPENDIX, PART II
Woods, P. E.; discharged. Walker, L. A.; wounded.
Woods, J. R. Wayland, James; discharged.
Woods, Iral G. ; discharged. Ward, Joseph; discharged.
Woods, W. R. Ward, R. H.
Ward, H. T.; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Woodson; T. E.
Woodson, T. S.; died in hospital.
Woodson, A. J.; transferred to 56th Regiment.
Walton, J. R.; discharged.
Walton, G. E. T. ; surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
Wilkerson. Jno. A.
Whitehurst, L. ; wounded at Cold Harbor.
Wilson, H.; deserted.
Woods, J. Warrick.
Wood, Eli.
Wood, L. S.; wounded at Williamsport, Md.
Proved by James Ross and D. W. Burnley.
Teste:
D. W. Burnley, Dep. Clerk.
Under the 'reorganization in 1862 the following officers \\ere
elected, viz.:
Captain, James W. Wyatt; killed at Cold Harbor.
First lieutenant, Charles M. Rives; killed at Cold Harbor.
Second lieutenant, C. F. Johnson.
Third lieutenant, W. K. Woodhouse.
STURDIVANT'S VIRGINIA BATTERY, TWELFTH
BATTALION, C. S. A.
Captain, N. A. Sturdivant, Richmond, Va. ; captured and exchanged
as Pro. Maj.
First lieutenant, T. W. Hewett, Richmond, Va.; resigned/
Second lieutenant, W. H. Weiseger, Richmond, Va.; wounded
Third lieutenant, C. T. Darracott; wounded and promoted to Captain.
Fourth lieutenant, iB. H. Garrell, Culpeper; wounded and promotedi
Laurece, J. C. E.; first sergeant.
Gilliam, Dr. F. F. ; surgeon.
Thompson, Dr, Wady; assistant surgeon.
Jenkins, C. J.; second sergeant.
Day, Edward; third sergeant.
Shepherd, D. A.; fourth sergeant.
Brown, Jno. A.; fifth sergeant.
Reppeto, James T.; wounded and died.
Lee, John; first corporal.
Jefferies, R. C.; second corporal.
Harris, W. D.; third corporal.
Brown, H. N.; fourth corporal.
Pendleton, H. iC.; fifth corporal.
Bradley, W. W.; sixth corporal; wounded at Petersburg.
Patton, H. M.; seventh corporal.
Bibb, James, D.; eighth corporal.
Darracott, Geo. T.; ninth corporal.
Cosier, J. S. S.; tenth corporal.
APPENDIX, PART II
329
Maxwell, W. H.; sergeant.
Sowell, B. A.; quarter master sergeant.
Smith, J. R. W.
Jamison, Phillip; bugler.
Thurman, B. F.; artillery.
Orster, Dr. R.; artillery.
Lang, N. J.; artillery.
Locker, Jno. A.; artillery.
PRIVATES.
Atkinson, Presley.
Blackwell, Joseph.
Brown, R. H.
Brown, C. F.; died since war.
Brown, E. P.; killed.
Burton, Robert.
Burton, Jno. L.
Bell, James T.
Bell, C. W.; deserted.
Birdsong, J. T. J.
Bowler, W. W.; died since war. Hall, Wiley.
Edwards, H. C.; wounded.
Ferguson, Jas. R.; captured.
Gladden, Isaiah; deserted.
Goodwin, A. T.
Goodwyn, A. M.
Gwathmey, W. O. P.
Goss, Lynn L.
Groome, J. C.; wounded.
Harris, Joe E.
Hall, Broker, C.
Boyd, P. P.; teamster.
Boyd, W. W.; teamster.
Boyd, Thos. P.; teamster.
Boyd, James; teamster.
Beck; killed.
Buck. J. H.
Boiling, Thos.
Carver, R. A.; died in service.
Carver, J. D.; died in service.
Carver, L. C.; wounded.
Childs, W. F.
Cobb, Geo. E.; killed.
Duff, B. R.
Darracott, Jno. V.
Darricott, Robt.
Dobie, James; wounded.
Dobie, R. A.
Dobie, John; wounded.
Drumight, J. E.; wounded.
Hamm, H. H.; died.
Howlett, Wm.
Hoffman, J. J.
Isbell. T. H.
Jackson, Felix C.
Jackson, C. F.
Jamison, Minnis.
Johnson, W. F.
Johnston, W. F.
Jacobs, Wm. ; killed.
Jefferies, John E.
Jennings, H. P.
Jennings, Toby.
King.
Locker, J. M.
Locker, George.
Lamb, Montgomery.
Lamb, Reuben; wounded.
Lamb, Thomas.
Davis, B. C.; wounded at Petersburg.
Daniel, G. T. Edmondson, B. W.; died in service.
Lilly, Wm.
Marhanes, W. S.
Moore, Nathan; deserted.
Moore, W. T.
Mahard, W. H. B.
Mahanes, Charles.
Munday, James W.; captured.
Maupin, Thos. R. ; wounded.
Major, Wm.; wounded at Petersburg.
Major, Samuel. Noel, W. M.
Mason. Obenchine, W. F.
Marks, Samuel. Pollard, J. H.
Norford, J. .M. Potts, R.
Norford, T. G.
Maupin, N. J.
Maupin, B. P.
Maupin, W. W.
Munford, E. W.
Marshall, G. W.
Martin, Peter.
Martin, Jas.
330
APPENDIX, PART II
Peake, George; wounded at Petersburg.
Pritchett, Thos. W.; wounded. Sandridge, G. M.
Pritchett, John; died in service.
Pettman.
Pride.
Rhodes, D. R.
Rippeto, John E.; wounded.
Richardson, Chas.
Roe, E.
Sandridge, J. D.; died in service.
Shepherd, Henry; captured and wounded.
Via, J. W.
Via, C. E.
Via, P. M.
Via, J. D.
Wood, Jeff.
White, Mose.
Sandridge, Ira L.
Shiflett, H. B.
Shiflett, Thos. S.
Shiflett, M. B.
Shiflett, Anfield.
Sisk, Lemuel; deserted.
Simpson, Louis; deserted.
Simms, A. M.
Stewart, P. H.
Salmon, J. H.
Salmon, L. M.
Short, R. A.; badly wounded.
Smith, G. M.
Turner, Geo. W.
Taliaferro, D. A.
Thacker, E. A.
Tompkins, A. J.
Thompkins, Thos. W.
Timberlake, died in service.
Usedom, Theo.
Urquhurst, M. M.
Urquhart, Burgess.
Vaughan, Asa.
Via, H. W.
Via, C. F.
Via, J. R.
White, J. Nimmo.
Whyte, Edward.
Walton, J. T.
Walton, D. F.
Walton, E. R.
Walton, M. P.
Walton, C. R.
Whitehurst, J. W.
West.
Waldrop, Robert.
Yeamains, J. W.; died in service.
Zimmerman, A.; killed.
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