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AndoWr'-HA.rVArp
IHEOLOeiaLUBRARy
'■'U.:<>, /.
/ , . / /' r^,j ' -r/^ ,
MEMORIAL VOLUME
TO COMMBMORATB THB
OP THK
HARTWICK LUTHERAN SYNOD,
OP THB
STATE OF NEW YORK.
CONTAINING
THE HISTORICAL ADDRESS.
WKITTEN BY REV. P. A. 8TR0BEL, OP DANSVILLB, N. T., A LIST
OP ALL THE MINISTERS WHO HAVE BELONGED TO THB
SYNOD, SKETCHES OP MANY OP THE CHURCHES. BRIEP
BIOORAPHIES OP SOME OP THE PASTORS, AND A
SKETCH OP HARTWICK SEMINARY.
COMPILED AND BDITBD
BY Rev. p. a. Sjrobel,
AND PUBLISHED UlTDBB A BESOLUTION OP THE HABTWICK SYICOD.
PHILADELPHIA :
LUTHERAN PUBLICATION SOCIETY.
1881.
COPYRIGHT, 1 88 1.
9^3
DEDICATION.
WITH WHOM
FOR NEA.RLY A QUARTER OP A CBNTURY, WITH SOME
LITTLE INTERMISSION, HE HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED IN
THE MOST FRATERNAL AND ENDEARING RELA-
TIONS, AND FROM WHOM, NOTWITHSTAND-
ING HIS IMPERFECTIONS, HE HAS RE-
CEIVED SO MANY EVIDENCES OP
CHRISTIAN CONFIDENCE AND
REGARD, THIS
MEMORIAL VOLUME
IS MOST RESPECTFULLY AND AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED
BY THE EDITOR.
DansvilU, N. V., bth April, 1881.
ADVERTISEMENT.
" The Jubilee Memorial Volume " is lai<l
before the pastors and laymen of our churches
with no small measure of apprehension that jt
may not fully meet the expectations of those
who have encouraged its publication. The
book has been compiled amidst many embar-
rassments and discouragements. It was found
in some cases that the church record^ had
been lost or destroyed; in others, that they
had been very loosely ^nd irregularly kept.
Hence the difficulties of obtaining reliable
data in many cases have been found insur-
mountable. It is therefore very probable that
the critical and intelligent reader may discover
not a few blemishes and .inaccuracies. Never-
theless, it is confidently hoped that the book
has sufficient merit to commend it to the
favorable consideration of all who may read
with an eye to profit and not to criticism.
The Editor tenders sincere thanks to the
friends who have encouraged him in his wprjc
by contributing valuable articles to this volume.
(V)
VI MEMORIAL VOLUME.
It is not necessary to mention their names, as
these will appear in connection Avith their re-
spective contributions. He is also under obli-
gations to Revs. Hull, Stover, Delo, Heck,
Daniels, and others, for data which have
materially aided him in preparing a number of
the biographical and historical sketches. All
this will be noticed in the proper place.
The Editor sends forth this ** Memorial
Volume" on its humble and unostentatious
mission with the earnest desire and hope and
the fervent prayer that it may, under the
Divine favor, prove a benediction to our pas-
tors and all our people. This wUl be the case
if it shall stimulate all who may read it to
emulate the zeal and devotion of the emi-
nently godly and self-denying pastors and
their pious people, who laid the foundation of
our Lutheran churches in the State of New
York. In the earnest piety, the untiring zeal,
and the superabounding labors of those pioneer
pastors ; in the holy living of themselves and
their flocks ; in the moral heroism which they
displayed amidst the severest trials of their
faith and patience, and in their peaceful and tri-
umphant dying, we have the most encouraging
ADVERTISEMENT. Vll
and inspiring illustrations of the excellency of
the doctrines of the Gospel as held by our
Evangelical Lutheran Church. Let us then,
like them, be true to God and to duty, and to
the noble Confession of our Church. Then the
blessing of the God of our fathers will abide
upon us, as it abode upon them, as we shall ap-
prehend and shall endeavor to accomplish our
great mission, as pastors and churches called
of God and set apart to the great and glorious
work of extending the kingdom of Christ.
The Editor.
DansvUte^ New York, April 6, 1881,
PREFACE.
At the meeting of the Hartwick Synods
held at Johnstown, N. Y., in September, 1873,
it was resolved that a committee of five be
appointed to collect historical data of the dif-
ferent churches belonging to this Synod. The
Chairman of the committee was named in the
resolution, the information desired was care^-
fuUy outlined, and the pastors of the respec-
tive churches were requested to render all
practical assistance to said committee. So far
as we are able to Jearn, nothing came of this
cation.
Three years .later, at Canajobarie, in *i87^,
it was
Ji^solvedt That some suitable person be appointed
to prepare for publication a memorial volume of
Hartwick Synod, to embrace a brief history of the
organization of the Synod, and short historical sketches
-of all the churches in the bounds of the Synod, the
names of die pastors who have served them, with short
sketches of said pastors, and any other items whijU;! it
m^ be deemed necessary to incorporate,
(ix)
X MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Rev. P. A. Strobel was elected Historian to
carry out the provisions of the resolution. At
a subsequent meeting of Synod the historian
reported some progress, but the assistance ren-
dered was so meagre that, except for an event
of more than usual interest, the day of publi-
cation of the proposed Memorial would, no
doubt, have been long delayed.
At the session held at Middleburgh, in Oc-
tober, 1880, the Synod was to celebrate its
semi-centennial anniversary. The fifty years
of its history had witnessed most of the im-
portant events in the experience of the Luth-
eran Church, while the record of many of its
individual churches reaches back to the times
of the planting of the Church in this country.
It was fitting, therefore, that some special
importance should attach to this fiftieth session
of Synod. Accordingly a special service was
arranged for a semi-centennial anniversary on
the Sunday evening*of the Synodical Conven-
tion. Rev. P. A. Strobel delivered an histor-
ical address on the occasion, Rev. Wm. N.
Scholl, D. D., delivered a memorial address,
and Rev. V. F. Bolton, a general address.
.The exercises, introduced with devotions and
PREFACE. XI
interspersed with suitable music, were of great
interest and profit. The address of Mr. Stro-
bel was so rich in historical information that
the Synod, at a subsequent business session,
recognizing the importance of having these
facts in permanent shape for future informa-
tion, requested him to publish the discourse in
such form as he should deem most expedient.
It was now evident that the time for the
publication of the proposed Memorial Volume
had fully come. To the preparation of the
material, Mr. Strobel now devoted his time
and energies, and with what success the fol-
lowing pages will give ample proof. The
imprint of our own Lutheran Board of Pub-
lication is an assurance that the mechanical
feature of the book is all that can be desired.
May it meet with such a reception as it
richly merits. James Pitcher,
Secretary of Synod.
aOKTENTS.
PACK
I. Dedication, 3
II. Advbrtisbment, .... .5
III. Preface, 9
IV. Historical Address, 15
V. Biographical Sketches, .... 83
VI. Historical Sketches, .... 195
VII. Sketch of Hartwick Seminary, . . 407
(xiii)
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
I.
Portrait of Rev. P. A. Strobel, . Frontispi
iece.
2.
" Rev. Geo. A. Lintner, D. D.
85
3.
** . " Rev. Adam Crownse,
100
4.
" Rev. J. Z. Senderling, D. D..
109
5.
" Rev. Levi Schell,
158
6.
" Rev. James Lefler,
163
7.
" Rev. Wm. H. Emerick,
189
8.
" Rev. Jas. Pitcher, A. M..
409
9.
Engraving of St. Mark's Eng. Luth. Church,
Canajoharie, ....
215
10.
Engraving of Evan. Lutheran Stone Church
of Palatine, ....
365
II.
Engraving of St. Paul's Lutheran Church,
West Camp, ....
372
12.
Engraving of Hartwick Seminary,
(xiv)
407
HISTORICAL ADDRESS.
The appointment to write an historical
sketch of our Synod, to be read at its semi-
centennial convention, was accepted with many
misgivings, being apprehensive that the duty
might not be performed with entire satisfaction,
either to the writer or to the brethren of
Synod. The sketch has been prepared after a
rather short notice, and amidst many embar-
rassments. It may therefore not attain the
standard which is desirable, and which may
have been expected in such a document.
It is manifestly no small task to collate and
throw into proper shape and to compress into
the small compass of an essay, even a moiety
of the leading facts and incidents which have
marked the history of an ecclesiastical body
running through a period of half a century,
and that too one of the most eventful periods
in the history of the church.
Besides, the duty assigned me is one of
great delicacy, because in writing such a his-
(15)
1 6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
tory one has to deal not only with facts, but
to a certain extent with men, or, if you please,
with character. For men's motives are neces-
sarily blended with and give complexion to all
their actions. Especially is this true in all
movements of a moral or religious character.
The mere narration of facts is not writing
history in the proper meaning of that word.
For if it be true that " history is philosophy
teaching by example," then much of the value
of all history is found in the developments
which it makes of the good or evil traits that
are made manifest in the characters of those
who have borne a conspicuous part in those
movements which have exerted a marked in-
fluence upon the affairs of the state, and
especially of the church. But, as far as this in-
vestigation may involve motives, it will be con-
ducted in a spirit of impartiality and Christian
charity.
Let it be borne in mind that this discus-
sion is not to cover the general history of
the Lutheran Church during the last half
century, nor is it to include any topics beyond
those which are legitimately embraced in the
history of a particular Synod, and that the
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 1 7
Hartwick Synod. It shall therefore treat the
following topics : i. Its organization. 2. Its
confessional position. 3. Its relation to inter-
nal church work, such as education, home and
foreign missions, church union, and Sabbath-
schools. 4. Church work outside of our own
denomination, such as Temperance, the Evan-
gelical Alliance, and Tract and Bible distribu-
tion, with such practical reflections as our
theme may suggest.
I. ORGANIZATION.
The Hartwick Synod had its inception in
the Western Conference of the New York
Ministerium, which at the time was the only
Lutheran organization in the state. By a res-
olution of said Conference, adopted during its
session at Brunswick, N. Y., on September 8th,
1830, a convention for forming the Synod was
held in St. Paul's church, at Schoharie Village,
on October 26th, 1830. It does not appear by
what authority this convention was called, be-
yond the resolution of the Conference. But
the convention was held at the time and place
appointed.
Let us now go in imagination to the venera-
1 8 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ble old church at Schoharie, and look in upon
that assembly. We are moving over historic
ground and amid historic scenes — scenes made
grand and hallowed by the presence and labors
of godly men, who by their talents and piety,
and by their devotion to Christ and their fidel-
ity to the doctrines of our Evangelical Lutheran
Church, have erected for themselves a monu-
ment that shall survive long after the memory
of worldly heroes shall have been buried in
oblivion.
But let us survey that Convention. We will
see at a glance, that it is composed of men of
mark, both amongst the ministry and the laity.
There we behold the commanding and digni-
fied form of the able and resolute Dr. G. A.
Lintner ; that of the learned, modest and judi-
cious Dr. G. B. Miller; the genial face of J. Z.
Senderling, with his courteous bearing and
amiable and John-like spirit; the sober and
thoughtful Adam Crownse, noted for his plain,
but forcible and unctious preaching; the robust
and vigorous Philip Wieting, whose voice and
energy, ivith his bold and fiery enunciation,
mark him as a modern Boanerges ; the eccen-
tric John D. Lawyer is there, who, despite his
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 1 9
erratic views and actions, still possessed talent
and eloquence; Thomas Lape, with his up-
turned eye and smiling face, always foremost
in his love and labors for the children, and for
the Sunday-school ; Charles A. Smith, with his
classic &ce, his classic mind and his polished
rhetoric, and equally polished manners; and
Eisenlord* and Kilmer, whom the writer did
not know. Alas ! alas ! they have all passed
away ! The Master has called them up higher
— and they walk no more amongst us, and
Zion mourns because they stand no more upon
her walls. Yet, thank God, they have be-
queathed to us memories of their zeal, ability
and piety, and of their conscientious devotion
to Christ and to his church, which will ever
breathe a precious fragrance. They had their
imperfections, and may have made mistakes ;
but no one should question their fidelity to the
truth and the uprightness of their purposes.
They are sleeping their last sleep, but we are
* This brother retired from the ministry about the
year 1835, and died at Fort Plain, Nov. 17th, 1880,
aged 85 years, 2 months. He was born in the town of
Palatine, Montgomery county. N. Y., educated at
Hartwick Seminary, and graduated at Union College.
20 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
comforted, for they "sleep in Jesus," and shall
surely be awaked at his second coming, clothed
with immortal and glorified bodies, like unto
their glorified Redeemer, and thus " enter into
the joy of their Lord." So much for our
brethren of the ministry, who took a conspic-
uous part in that Convention.
Nor must we overlook the lay brethren who
figured so notably in that movement. Amongst
these were the honored names of William
Mann, of Schoharie, and Joseph Borst, of Mid-
dleburgh ; Peter I. Livingston, of Guilderland ;
John Sternberg, of Sharon ; C. F. Vogel, Dan-
iel Wolfard, Michael Swobe, Albert Lintner,
Abraham Sternberg, Lawrence Van Alstine,
and David Ottman; all household names in
the Lutheran Church — all worthy of the con-
spicuous positions which they occupied in the
convention. General William Mann, of Scho-
harie, was unanimously chosen President ; an
honor very fittingly bestowed. The Rev.
Adam Crownse, of Guilderland, was appointed
Secretary. The proceedings were opened with
prayer by Rev. J. Z. Senderling.
The discussions in the convention show that
there was some opposition to the organization
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 21
of the Synod by sqme of the most judicious
members (notably Dr. G. B. Miller and Rev.
J. Z. Senderling), who declined to co-operate,
regarding the movement as premature and
somewhat irregular, inasmuch as the ministers
who composed the convention had not been
dismissed from the New York Ministerium, of
which body they were all members, nor had
the sanction of that body been asked. Never-
theless, after a full and fraternal interchange
of views, the resolution to organize the Synod
was adopted by a vote of i8 ayes to 4 nays,
and thus the Synod came into being on
27th October, 1830. The Rev. G. A. Lintner,
D. D., was chosen President; Rev. Adam
Crownse, Secretary, and Rev. PWlip Wieting,
Treasurer. A committee was appointed con-
sisting of Revs. Lintner, Lawyer and Lape,
and Messrs. J. Sternberg, Van Alstine and
Livingston, to frame a constitution for the
Synod and report at the next annual conven-
tion.
There was, perhaps, a necessity for forming
a new Synod, in view of the great extent of
territory embraced in the New York Minister-
ium — including, as it did, the state of New
22 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
York, a part of New Jersey, and even a portion
of Canada. This field was too extensive, the
congregations too much scattered, and the
pastors too much isolated, for efficient church
work. Large Syiiods may be best under cer-
tain conditions, but smadl ones also have some-
times their advantages, in the opportunity af-
forded for concentration of efifbrt, and by conse-
quence, an increase of efficiency. But it would
have been wiser and more expedient if, in the
organization of the Synod, due regard had been
had to church order, and letters of dismission
had been obtained by the brethren who in-
augurated this movement, from the New York
Ministerium, and if the assent of that body had
been previously asked. Besides these omis-
sions. Synod erred in attempting^ arbitrarily, to
mark out its territorial limits without any con-
ference with the New York Ministerium. To
these mistakes we may, perhaps, trace, in some
measure, other similar irregularities which sub-
sequently occurred in the Lutheran Church in
our state, from which the Church and the cause
of Christ have suffered serious damage.
It is difficult to ascertain precisely all the
<:auses which really Jed to the organization ot
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 23
our Syaod. At the time of its formation there
was considerable controversy in the New York
Ministerium on the subject of a union of that
body with the General Synod. It is not a
secret that some of the leading men in the Min-
isterium at this time were by no means evangel-
ical in their doctrinal views ; and the majority
of the Ministerium did not £avor the union with
the General Synod, because that body had
adopted, the Augsburg Confession as its doc-
trinal basis, and also because of its supposed
Presbyterial proclivities. The New York Minr
isterium had not, until 1859 or *6o, made any
recognition whatever of the Augsburg Confes-
sion as the creed of that body. The brethren
who organ i;jed our Synod were in full sympa-
tiiy, doctrinally, with the General Synod, and
also regarded that body with much favor, be-
cause it furnished a bond of union for all Lu-
theran Synods in the United States, and might
be made a most efficient agent in the prosecu-
tion of all the benevolent operations of the
Church. The Hartwick Synod also owes its
formation, in some good measure, to a desire
on the part of its founders to encourage revival^
in the churches, and to engage in Home an4
24 MEMORIAL VOLUME*
Foreign Missions. The New York Minister-
ium, as a body, was not in sympathy with any
of these measures to the extent that the found-
ers of our Synod deemed desirable, and they,
therefore, determined upon a new organization,
in which they could carry out their views with-
out being embarrassed by the restraints which
they felt in the New York Ministerium.
As was to have been expected, the New
York Ministerium took exception to the
course of the Hartwick Synod, and some un-
kind feeling was engendered between the two
bodies. Happily, however, for both, this state
of things was not of long continuance ; for as
early as 1832 the New York Ministerium ap-
pointed the Rev. Dr. Wackerhagen a corre-
sponding delegate to the Hartwick Synod, thus
establishing friendly relations between the two
bodies.
The first regular convention of our Synod
was held in St. Paul's Church, Johnstown,
New York, commencing on the 24th of Sep-
tember, 1 83 1. The Rev. Thomas Lape was
the pastor lod. The parochial reports present
the following exhibit : Pastors, 1 1 ; congrega-
tions, 32; infant baptisms, 602; additions by
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 2$
confirmation and otherwise, 185; communi-
cants, 2087; Sabbath-schools, 7; missionary
societies, 5 ; contributions to the Synodical
Treasury, JI98.
This may be regarded as really the first
regular business convention, and a glance at
the proceedings will show how large a degree
of enlightened zeal actuated the founders of
the Synod. Amongst the measures inaugu-
rated were (i) the publication of a Lutheran
religious periodical. A monthly periodical
called the Lutheran Magazine was at this time
published at Schoharie, but it did not seem to
meet the wants of the Church ; (2) the estab-
lishment in the city of Troy of a depository
for the sale of Lutheran books ; (3) the ap-
pointment of a committee to further the inter-
ests of Hartwick Seminary; (4) pledging
Synod to the cause of total abstinence; (5) the
appointment of a committee on Home Mis-
sions and Beneficiary Education; (6) the
division of Synod into conferences for more
systematic and efficient' church work. It was
at this convention that Synod resolved to
unite with the General Synod. The Rev. G.
A. Lintner, D. D., and Hon. Wm. C. Bouck,
26 MEMORIAL VOLUME. .
were the first delegates elected to that body.
From that time to the present, our Synod has
been unswerving in its allegiance to the
General Synod, amidst all the controversies
and struggles which have marked the history
of our Church.
The second convention of Synod was held
at Schoharie, commencing on 20th October,
1832. During the year most of the congrega-
tions had been visited with extensive revivals,
resulting in the addition of 105 by adult bap-
tism, and 1057 by confirmation, being an in-
crease of nearly 1 200 to the membership. In
view of these revivals. Synod recorded, in a
resolution, an expression of gratitude for these
signal manifestations of the Divine presence
and power in the churches. At this meeting
it was reported that the book depository had
been successfully established in Troy, under
the superintendence of Mr. Wm. S. Parker,
with a full supply of hymn-books and all the
most popular Lutheran publications.
The third convention was held at Dansville,
N. Y., in October, 1833. Number of minis-
ters, 14; congregations, 36; additions to tlie
churches, over €00; communicants, 3659.
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 2^
The contributions, except those for the Synod-
ical treasury, are not given.
The fourth convention was held at Guilder-
land in September, 1 834. Number of minis-
ters, 16; congregations, 37; additions, 460;
communicants, 4000. The contributions did
not exceed $\^o.
The Synod met in its fifth annual convention
at Sharon, in Schoharie county, on 3d October,
1835. Number of ministers, 16; congrega-
tions, 38; communicants, 3988, being a de-
crease of 12, although over 450 accessions by
confirmation and letter were reported, showing
great irregularity in keeping church records
and in making out parochial reports. The
collections this year for missions and education
amounted to nearly $^QO, A resolution was
passed at this convention favoring the estab-
lishment of a foreign mission by the Lutheran
Church in the United States. Two benefici-
aries, Messrs. G. W. Lewis ^nd N. Van Alstine,
were taken under the care of Synod, to each
of whom an annual grant of $7$ was made.
It was ilot as expensive to educate beneficiary
students then as it has become since.
The sixth annual convention was held a.t
28 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Sandlake, September 24th, 1836. Number of
ministers, 13, a decrease of two from the pre-
vious year; communicants, 4074, being an
increase of only 86 from the previous year;
although 300 additions were reported, chiefly
by confirmation. The contributions this year
for missions and education amounted to
nearly ;^ 1,000, being an increase of one hun-
dred per cent, over the previous year ; showing
very clearly that as a spirit of heartfelt piety
pervaded the churches, it developed the liberr
ality of our people. When Christians are
truly consecrated to Christ, as to their inner
spiritual life, the consecration of their sub-
stance will follow as a natural result. The
early Christians first gave theinselves and then
their substance to the Lord.
This brings the history of Synod down to
the termination of the sixth year. The seventh
year opens upon a mournful page of our his-
tory, to which reference will be made hereafter.
The statistics for this period are given to show
the earnestness and zeal of the founders of our
Synod to promote all the various operations of
the Church, and how successful all their labors
had been until the spirit of contention and
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 29
schism crept into our midst. Neither time
nor space will permit a canvass in detail of the
proceedings of all the conventions of Synod
during these fifty years. Attention, however,
will be called to some particular facts at the
proper time.
II. CONFESSIONAL POSITION.
Having said thus much in reference to the
organization of the Synod, the measures which
it inaugurated and its progress during the first
six years of its existence, it will be proper now
to notice its confessional status at the time of its
organization, and the position it has always
maintained since. It need hardly be stated
that Synod, without a dissenting voice, adopted
the venerable Augustana, or Augsburg Confes-
sion, as its creed or doctrinal basis. At the
convention held in 1832, the following resolu-
tion was passed :
Resolved, That the seal of this Synod and Minister-
ium shall be a circle containing " Hartwick Synod,
Lutheran Church, New York," and a semi-circle con-
taining "Augs. Confess.,** and within the circle an
open Bible with rays of light reflecting from it.
The sense in which Synod received the
Augsburg Confession is determined by its
30 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
action in uniting with the General Synod and
adopting the Formula of Government prescribed
by that body. The doctrinal basis of the Gen-
eral Synod at that time is set forth in the two
questions which were to be propounded to all
applicants for licensure and ordination, viz.:
I. " Do you believe the Scriptures of the Old
and New Testament to be the Word of God,
and the only infallible rule of faith and prac-
tice ? "
2* " Do you believe that the fundamental
doctrines of the Word of God are taught in a
manner substantially correct in the doctrinal
articles of the Augsburg Confession ? "
In the year 1836, because of certain contro-
versies which sprang up in some of our churches
in reference to the interpretation which this
Synod gave to certain articles of the Confession,
a committee was appointed to publish an edi-
tion of the Confession, with explanatory notes.
The committee was. Rev. G. A. Lintner, D. D.,
Rev. A. Crownse, Rev. D. Eyster, and Messrs.
Peter I. Borst and Martin Springer; all men of
sound understanding, and admirably qualified
in every respect for the work assigned them.
This committee presented their report at the
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 3 1
Convention of Synod held in 1 837. This re-
port was unanimously adopted, and by this
action Synod endorsed the exposition of the
Confession which the committee had prepared,
thus making that exposition its doctrinal basis*
A few extracts are subjoined. In the preface,
the committee say :
It is well-known to all who are acquainted with the
difficulties and troubles that have lately been excited
in several churches in connection with the Hartwick
Synod, that an assault has been made on the Augs-
burg Confession. It has been charged with teaching,
" that children are condemned to everlasting torment
for original sin. That Baptism is a saving ordinance.
That Ministers are authorized to forgive sin,'' etc., etc*
These charges against the Augsburg Confession have
been extensively circulated throughout the bounds of
the Hartwick Synod ; and although they are un-
founded, they have been the means of misleading the
minds of some people, and causing an unhappy divis-
ion in the Church. The Synod, therefore, thought it
necessary to order a new edition of the Confession to
be printed, with such notes and explanations as the
present peculiar crisis seems to require.
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United
States professes to adhere to the Augsburg Confession.
The General Synod has adopted it as a doctrinal
standard; although it does not require the Ministers
and Churches in its connection to believe every senti-
ment it contains on those unessential points, which
32 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
caused so much contention when it was first adopted.
The pledge which the Constitution requires at the
licensure of candidates, and ordination of Ministers, is
** Do you believe that the fundamental doctrines oi the
Word of God are taught in a manner substantially cor-
rect in the doctrinal articles of the Augsburg Confes-
sion ?"
From this, it will appear that we are not bound to
receive the unessential parts of the Confession. All
that is required is, an acknowledgement that on
essential points of doctrine it agrees with the Word of
God. And this we do believe. We hold that Xh^fufp-
damental truths of the Gospel and the essential doc-
trines of salvation are correctly set forth in the Augs-
burg Confession ; and in this declaration, the com-
mittee know that they agree with the body of the
Evangelical Lutheran Church in the United States.
Though some have turned aside into strange paths,
the Evangelical Lutheran Church in this country, as a
body, has constantly and faithfully adhered to the
fundamental doctrines of our Confession of Faith.
On the 9th Article of the Confession, which
relates to Baptism, the committee say :
In the German copy of the Augsburg Confession,
published in the works of Luther, as early as the year
1567, and which was a faithful transcript from the
original, as read before the Diet, this Article states,
"that baptism is necessary, that grace is thereby
offered, and that children ought to be baptized, who
are by such baptism dedicated to God, and made ac-
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 33
ceptable unto him." The above is a literal translation
from the original German, This translation is inserted
in the work of Doct, Lochman, entitled *« The History,
Doctrine, and Discipline of the Evangelical Lutheran
Church," published at-Harrisburg, in 1818. Now this
is the Article which is represented as teaching that
baptism is a saving ordinance. We have referred to
the original German copy to show that it will not bear
such an interpretation ; and the proof which we have
brought is decisive on this point. The Article does
not say that baptism is a saving ordinance. It only
states, that it is necessary — ** Dasz die Taufe ftoetig
seyT And this necessity arises from the institution
and command of Christ ; not from the supposition that
all who are baptized shall be saved, and those who
are not baptized must be lost. The idea that we be-
lieve baptism to be a saving ordinance, and that this
doctrine is contained in our Confession, has doubtless
arisen from the Latin copy, which states, •' that baptism
is necessary to salvation" — **De baptistno docent, quod
sit necessarius ad salutimr Several translations from
this copy have been printed and extensively circulated.
But even these translations will not warrant such an
inference. They state that baptism " is necessary to
salvation." From this we must not infer that it has in
itself a saving effect, and that there can be no salvation
without it. The expression undoubtedly refers to the
declaration of Christ : " He that believeth and is bap-
tized, shall be saved." Mark xvi. 16.
In their exposition of the loth Article of the
3
34 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Confession, which treats of the Lord's Supper,
the committee say :
In relation to the subject of this Article, the com-
mittee would observe, that the Evangelical Lutheran
Church does not now materially differ from other Pro-
testant denominations in this country. We believe
that the Lord's Supper is a commemoration of the suf-
ferings and death of Christ, and that in this sacred or-
dinance every worthy communicant receives the body
and blood of Christ under the emblems of bread and
wine ; that is, he is made a partaker of the benefits
which Christ purchased for him, when he suffered and
died on the cross.
Exception might be taken by some to this
position of the Committee and of the Synod,
that it did not bring out more fully the dis-
tinctive doctrine of the Lutheran Church in
reference to the Lord's Supper. It is main-
tained that the Lutheran Church does differ
materially from other Evangelical Churches in
her views in regard to the presence of Christ
in the Eucharist. And yet, when the Luth-
eran view is explained, does it differ materially
from other Evangelical Churches ? We think
this question would not be answered affirm-
atively even by Lutherans of the strictest sect.*
* Since writing this address, the author has read an
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 3$
Such was the confessional position of Synod
in 1837.
The Evangelical Lutheran Magazine , at that
time published at 'Gettysburg, thus speaks of
the doctrinal position of our Synod : "The new
Synod is based on the orthodox principles
which are confessed and inculcated by the great
body of Lutherans in the United States ; and
address delivered by Rev, J. A. Seiss, D. D., in Bos-
ton, on 22d November, 1880, in which occurs the fol-
lowing passage :
" Lutherans are sometimes represented as holding
views of the sacraments akin to some of the erroneous
doctrines of Romanism ; but an attentive and discrim-
inating observation of their teachings, he was sure,
would completely exonerate them from any deviation
from proper evangelical ideas, and from any depar-
ture from the clear teachings of the Divine Word
on these points. Certainly the gross and offensive
ideas of the presence of Christ's body and blood in
the Lord's Supper, often attributed to them, are quite
as abhorrent to them as to any others. We may differ
somewhat from those who make but little of the sac-
raments, and may hold more firmly to the doctrine of
the true presence and impartation of Christ our salva-
tion in the holy communion than many others, but in
no sense to the damage or weakening of the great and
all-conditioning doctrine of justification by faith only,
wrought in the soul by the Holy Ghost."
36 MEMORIAL VOLUME*
we trust, with the Divine blessing, it will be-
come an efficient auxiliary in the work of
spreading the evangelical principles of our ven-
erable Church throughout the United States/*
In their notes on Article XL of the Confes-
sion, which treats of " Confession and Abso-
lution," the committee say: ,
This article is referred to in order to show that our
Confession gives to ministers the power to forgive sin.
To prove that this is a misrepresentation, we observe
that this power has never been exercised in the Luth-
eran Church. It was customary before the Reforma
tion, in the Roman Catholic Church, for the people to
make confession of their sins to the priests, and ob-
tain absolution. This abuse first roused the spirit of
Luther^ and led to the commencement of the Refor-
mation. ******
The Lutheran Church still retains in her liturgy a
form of confession, but it will be seen by reference to
this form, that it is far from an absolution. It is only
a declaration of the officiating minister, of what all
Protestant denominations believe, viz., that God will
grant remission of sin to all who are truly penitent,
and believe on the Lord Jesus Christ. " The rite of
private absolution," says Doct, Schmucker, in his
Popular Theology, which is a standard work in our
Church, " has been entirely rejected by the Lutheran
Church."
In the year 1856, when the Symbolical ques-
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 37
tion was agitating the Lutheran Church in this
country, Synod adopted a confessional basis,
in which were embodied, in a more succinct
and compact form, and with some modifications,
substantially the same doctrinal views which
it had promulgated in 1837. The following is
the doctrinal basis adopted in 1856. After re-
affirming its adherence to the doctrinal basis of
the General Synod, and specifying those articles
in the Augsburg Confession to which the Synod
gave its unqualified assent, the Synod said :
*• As, however, there are articles in our Confession,
which are susceptible of different constructions, this
Synod, without stopping to argue the question, whether
or not these articles, ' when fairly and properly inter-
preted,' teach the objectionable views which have
been deduced from them, hereby adopts the following
testimony as expressive of the doctrinal position of
this body, viz.:
" That this Synod, resting on the Word of God, as
the sole authority in matters of faith, on its infalli-
ble warrant rejects the doctrine of baptismal regener-
ation ; rejects the Romish doctrine of the real presence
or transubstantiation, and with it the doctrine of con-
substantiation ; rejects the mass, and all ceremonies
distinctive of the mass ; denies any power in the sac-
raments as an opus operatunit or that the benefits
resulting from the sacraments can be received without
38 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
faith ; rejects auricular confession and priestly abso-
lution ; holds that there is no priesthood on earth ex-
cept that of all believers, and that God only can for-
give sins ; and maintains the sacred obligation of the
Lord's day, as of divine appointment, to be sacredly
regarded by all Christians."
The General Synod, at its convention held
at York, Pa., in May, 1864, through a com-
mittee of which the Rev. Dr. Passavant and
other leading founders of the General Council
were members, made a confessional deliver-
ance, embodying even in stronger language
the views which this Synod had expressed in
1856, eight years in advance of the action of
the General Synod :
Whereas, The General Synod of the Evangelical
Lutheran Church in the United States has recognized
the Augsburg Confession, both in the Constitution of
the Theological Seminary and in the Constitution
recommended to District Synods, as well as in her
Liturgy: and
Whereas t Our churches have been agitated by the
imputation of grave and dangerous errors in this Con-
fession, so that amid conflictmg statements many who
are sincerely desirous of knowing the truth are dis-
tracted, knowing not what to believe, whereby the
danger of internal conflict and schism is greatly in-
creased : and
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 39
Whereas, The General Synod, according to its Con-
stitution, ** shall apply all their powers, their prayers
and their means, towards the prevention of schism
among us,** we, therefore, in Synod assembled, in the
presence of the Searcher of hearts, desire to declare
to our churches and before the world our judgment in
regard to the imputation of these errors and the alien-
ation among brethren which may arise from them :
Therefore,
Resolved, That while this Synod, resting on the
Word of God as the sole authority in matters of faith
on its infallible warrant, rejects the Romish doctrine of
the real presence or Transubstantiation, and with it the
doctrine of Consubstantiation ; rejects the Romish mass
and all the ceremonies distinctive of the mass; denies
any power in the sacraments, as an opus operatum,
or that the blessings of Baptism and the Lord's Supper
can be received without faith ; rejects auricular con-
fession and priestly absolution ; holds that there is no
priesthood on earth but that of all believers, and that
God only can forgive sins ; and maintains the divine
obligation of the Sabbath ; and while we would, with
our whole heart, reject any part of any Confession
which taught doctrines in conflict with this, our testi-
mony ; nevertheless, before God and his Church, we
declare that in our judgment the Augsburg Confes-
sion, properly interpreted, is in perfect consistence with
this our testimony, and with the Holy Scriptures, as
regards the errors specified. — Minutes of the General
Synod, York, Pa,, May, 1864.
This is the doctrinal position of the General
40 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Synod to-day. We cheerfully accepted this
platform, as this Synod has always been will-
ing to recognize the authority of the General
Synod on all questions of doctrine, so long as
its utterances are in harmony with the Word
of God, and do no violence to our consciences.
So much for the confessional position of our
Synod. It has always been conservative and
consistent, and we should firmly adhere to its
position. Let us take no step backward.
IIL RUPTURE IN THE SYNOD — DEFENCE OF
SYNOD.
The Hartwick Synod, as has been intimated,
felt itself under a necessity to publish the
Augsburg Confession with notes, in 1837, be-
cause of certain charges which had been pre-
ferred against the Synod and the Confession
by the Franckean Synod. In 1837 four mem-
bers of the Hartwick Synod, viz.: Revs.
Philip Wieting, J. D. Lawyer, William Ott-
man and L. Swackhamer, withdrew from
Synod, and organized the Franckean Synod.
This movement on the part of these brethren
was irregular, as they had not asked for letters
of dismission, nor had they, as far as is
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 4I
known, assigned any cause for their procedure.
The Hartwick Synod, however, had " es-
topped " itself from making any protest on the
ground of the irregularity of this action, inas-
much as its organization was effected under
somewhat similar circumstances, the founders
of our Synod not having obtained letters of
dismission from the New York Ministerium.
The action of the brethren who formed the
Franckean Synod must have been somewhat
hasty and inconsiderate, inasmuch as they all
took part in the proceedings of our Synod in
1836; and it does not appear from the records
that there had been any action which would
warrant the supposition that any alienations
had arisen between the brethren, except per-
haps the refusal of Synod to adopt a resolution
strongly condemnatory of American slavery,
introduced by Rev. L. Swackhamer.
To justify this rupture, it was subsequently
alleged that the attitude of our Synod in refer-
ence to Temperance, the Confessional question.
Revivals^ the Slavery question, and Educational
Qualification {ox ^^ ministry, was unsatisfactory
to the brethren who separated from us, and
they felt the organization of a new Synod to be
42 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
a necessity, to meet their convictions of duty
In reply to these allegations, it may be confi-
dently asserted that as early as 1832, this
Synod had planted itself unequivocally upon
the Total Abstinence pledge, and in nearly all
the congregations Total Abstinence Societies
had been organized. So too in regard to the
subject of Revivals. From its very organiza-
tion in 1830, this Synod, although adhering to
the good old Lutheran custom of catechisation,
had always favored revivals when properly
conducted. From 1831 to 1836 there had been
marked and extensive revivals in many of the
congregations, and in most of them the Rev.
P. Wieting, one of the chief founders of the
Franckean Synod, had borne a very conspicu-
ous part. These revivals occurred at the four
days' meetings which were then in vogue in
all the churches in our Synod.
In regard to the Confessional question, it has
been asserted, that "as early as 1832 the
Augsburg Confession had become an occasion
of dissatisfaction in some of the churches in the
state of New York, not because there was any
want of unity of faith amongst the ministers,
but because there was a difference of opinion
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 43
as to the extent to which the Augsburg Con-
fession should be adopted as a standard of
faith." * Yet in this same year (1832), four
years before the Franckean Synod existed, the
Hartwick Synod, by a unanimous vote, adopted
the seal to which reference has already been
made, with the words " Augsburg Confession"
inscribed upon it, as the symbol of its doctri-
nal basis. Revs. P. Wieting and J. D. Lawyer,
the two principal founders of the Franckean
Synod, voting for this measure. Mr. Lawyer
was Secretary of Synod. This same year, upon
motion of Rev. P. Wieting, Synod adopted the
" Formula of Government," recommended by
the General Synod, including, of course, a sub-
scription to the Augsburg Confession. It may
be that between the years 1832 and 1836 con-
troversies had arisen in regard to the Confes-
sion which do not appear in the records of
Synod. Or it may be that the brethren who
went out from us felt their consciences bur-
dened, even by the qualified subscription to the
Augsburg Confession which was then required.
But it does not appear from the Journal of
* Rev. H. L. Dox, in Memoir qf Rev. P. Wieting,
44 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Synod, that between 1832 and 1836 these
brethren had expressed any dissatisfaction with
the doctrinal position of the Synod. All the
proceedings at the convention of 1836, at which
time Rev. J. D. Lawyer was President, appear
to have been harmcmious, although upon the
slavery question there was, as before stated,
some diversity of opinion.
The majority of the Synod did not regard
the question of slavery as one which, espe-
cially in its political aspects, was exactly
within the jurisdiction and legislation of any
ecclesiastical body, and it was deemed most
expedient to lay the resolution on the table.
This fact is stated as a matter of history, with-
out passing any opinion as to the propriety of
Synod's action in this matter. It may however
be confidently assumed that the action of
Synod, whether expedient or not, furnished no
manner of justification for the schism and the
organization of a new Synod.
On the subject of ministerial qualification,
it may be said that in the very outset Synod
took very decided ground in favor of a high
standard of education for the ministry. At
one of its first sessions it rejected a candidate
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 45
for the ministry because he was deficient in
literary and theological attainments. To this
attitude of our Synod exception was taken,
and it was assigned as a reason for the new
organization. It was assumed that the de-
mand for ministers was so great that the
churches needing .them should be furnished,
even though in doing so the standard of min-
isterial qualification should have to be lowered.
As a result of this mistaken policy, men with
very ordinary attainments, " unskilled work-
men," were thrust into the pastoral office, very
much, in many cases, to the detriment of the
ministry, and especially of the churches. An
illiterate ministry, though it may be a pious
one, seldom commands much consideration or
much influence. So thought the sagacious
founders of our Synod ; and they were unques-
tionably right. It is to be regretted that in
too many instances there has been a departure
from this position.
From all that appears upon the Minutes of
1836, Synod adjourned seemingly in a har-
monious spirit, and there was no intimation of
even a remote cause for any rupture beyond
the discussion of the slavery question. The
46 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
purpose to organize a new Synod must, there-
fore, have been very hastily formed, and as hast-
ily executed. But the Synod was organized ; and
although we would not impugn the motives of
the brethren who originated this movement, they
were clearly mistaken (as even the wisest and
best of men some times ar.e) as to their views
of duty. It must be added that this rupture,
as might have been anticipated, was attended
with the most disastrous consequences. Bitter
controversies, marked by unseemly criminations
and recriminations between ministers of the
gospel, ensued. Congregations, and even fam-
ilies, were divided. Ministers claiming to be
of the same church were arrayed against each
other in violent antagonisms, and the demon of
discord seemed to hold undisputed control
over the minds and hearts of, alas ! too many
who called themselves Christians. In many con-
gregations there were open ruptures, ending in
schismatic and rival organizations. This led to
vexatious and expensive lawsuits, and the ban-
ishment of all concord. These lawsuits, how-
ever, were all decided in favor of ourchurches by
the highestjudicial tribunals in the state. These
things certainly did not enure to the glory of
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 47
God and the salvation of souls. On the con-
trary, these discords checked not only the de-
velopment of spiritual life in the churches, but
retarded most manifestly the growth of the
Lutheran Church in the state of New York.
Had this schism never occurred; and had the
time, the talent, the energy and the money
which have been expended in this unfortunate
and indefensible controversy (in which, perhaps,
even our own Synod was not faultless) — had it
all been consecrated to Christ, and concentrated
in harmonious and united effort to build up the
Lutheran Church in this state, there is reason
to believe we might have been half a century
in advance of what we are to-day, in our nu-
merical strength, and in all the aggressive
forces which are needed to give the Church
moral power, efficiency and success. But one
gladly turns from this dark, sad page in the
history of our Church. Some good may, no
doubt, have resulted from this movement in
certain localities — for under God's over-ruling
providence, even the wrath of man is made to
praise Him; but as it affected the whole
Church in this state, it has been productive of
great harm. Of the founders of the Franckean
48 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Synod, the Rev. John D. Lawyer, was in after
years deposed by that body for heresy; the
Rev. L. Swackhamer returned to the Hart-
wick Synod, and continued a member until his
death ; the Rev. William Ottman is known to
have admitted* that this movement was a mis-
take ; the Rev. P. Wieting remained the Nestor
of the Synod until his death. In 1864, how-
ever, he carried his Synod as a body into the
General Synod, thereby putting himself and his
Synod into more harmonious relations with
other Lutheran Synods in the state of $iew
York. It is to be regretted, however, that thus
far all efforts to effect an organic union have
failed through the want of proper action on
the part of the Franckean Synod.
IV. RELATION OF SYNOD TO THE CAUSE OF
EDUCATION.
The Synod, as has been stated, at a very
early period in its history took a decided posi-
tion in favor of the education of pious young
men for .the ministry, and a high standard of
educational qualification was adopted. Synod
also pledged its cordial co-operation with the
Trustees of Hartwick Seminary in all judicious
measures to improve the condition of that in-
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 49
stitution. It was felt, however, that the loca-
tion of the Seminary was not the most advan-
tageous, and in 1832 Synod, hy a unanimous
vote, recommended its removal to Coopers-
town. In 1838, after six years experience, the
Committee on the Seminary declared that the
best interests of the institution required that it
should be removed to some " more popular
location." The committee said; "The able
professors are making untiring exertion to
raise its standard, but talents and learning fail
when location is against them." At its con-
vention in 1838, Synod appointed a committee
to confer with similar committees of the New
York Ministerium and the Board of Trustees,
to consider the best means to promote the
welfare of the Seminary, still having in view
this matter of its removal. Such was the
judgment of Synod from 1832 to 1838. If
the recommendation to remove the institution
to Cooperstown or some other " popular loca-
tion " had been adopted, and had the churches
in the State of New York acted wisely and
liberally in giving it an adequate endowment,
the Seminary and the cause of education in
the Lutheran Church in our state might have
4
50 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
had a very different history. At every annual
convention this Synod has appointed a com-
mittee to attend, not only the commencement
exercises, but also the annual meetings of the
Board of Trustees, to confer with said Board
as to the best means to be devised to build up
and make efficient this " school of the proph-
ets.*' Had the Board of Trustees, and all
other parties who should have been interested,
sustained the Hartwick Synod in its well-
intentioned efforts to promote the welfare of
that Institution, by changing its location, as
well as amending its charter, endowing it and
giving it due prominence amongst the educa-
tional institutions of the state, it might have
exercised a very much greater influence in
moulding the intellectual characters of our
pastors, and in elevating the intelligence of our
congregations.
It will not be forgotten that in Aijgust,
1870, a convention was held at Hartwick to
promote the cause of education in the Luth-
eran church in the state of New York, and to
improve the condition of Hartwick Seminary.
The call for this convention embraced delega-
tions of five representatives from each of the
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 5 I
Synods in the state of New York, viz.: The
New York, Hartwick, and Franckean Synods.
When, however, the convention met, by cer»
tain '^managements' delegates were, for a cer-
tain end, brought in from the New Jersey
Synod, and from the Board of Trustees. At
that convention the delegates from the Hart-
wick Synod submitted a memorial, which was
endorsed by the delegates of the Franckean
Synod, in which, amongst other suggestions, it
was proposed to so change the charter of the
Seminary as to erect it into a collegiate insti-
tute of high grade, and to raise an endowment
of ;^ 1 00,000 for this purpose. At that time
the endowment fund was about ^^ 15,000. A
liberal-minded Lutheran, who has since died,
had proposed that as soon as this endowment
was raised to ^^40,000, by contributions from
the Synods or churches, he would give
;^ 10,000, thus creating an endowment of
1150,000. This proposition to erect Hartwick
Seminary into a collegiate institution did not
receive, as it should have done, the cordial
endorsement of the convention. Even several
prominent members of the Board of Trustees
stoutly refused their sanction, and the oppor-
52 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
tunity to establish a college at Hartwick was
very unwisely lost — it is to be feared, not to
occur again in our generation.
Again, in 1876, Synod appointed a commit-
tee of three to confer with similar committees
from the New York and New Jersey and
Franckean Synods, to devise means to erect
Hartwick Seminary into a college ; but in this
effort our Synod received no co-operation.
This Synod has annually appropriated
money for the beneficiary education of young
men of piety and intelligence for the ministry.
In this way Synod has furnished our churches
with some of their most intelligent and useful
pastors, and the foreign mission field with one
or more of its most earnest and devoted labor-
ers. The positions occupied by some of them
are indicated below. The following is a pretty
accurate list of the beneficiary students who
have been aided by Hartwick Synod. The
list was furnished by Rev. M. J. Stover:
* George W. Lewis.
N. Van Alstine, President of the Franckean Synod.
David Rosenberg.
Jacob Moyer.
* Deceased.
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. S3
Henry Selmser.
E. Deyoe, Pastor at Ramsey's, N. J.
P. M. Rightmyer, Pastor at Saddle River, New Jer-
sey.
W. R. McChinsey.
* Walter Gunn, Missionary to India.
Henry Larsen.
♦Albert Waldron, Pastor at Dansville, N, Y.
Alfred Hiller, Pastor at German Valley, N. J.
Wm. Ruterman.
Wm. I. Cutter, Foreign Missionary. Now Pastor
in Kansas.
Ira S. Porter.
James H. Roney.
Eli Clough,
Laurent D. Wells, Pastor at Canajoharie, N. Y.
J. G. Slater.
F. G. Fairfield.
James Pitcher, Principal Hartwick Seminary.
J. Shultes.
G. W. Enders, Pastor Christ Church, York, Pa.
Augustus Shultes.
Sylvanus Stahl, Pastor St John's Church, Lancas-
ter, Pa.
Henry Sharp, Pastor in St. Lawrence county, N. Y.
E. P. Mickel.
t I. P. Emerick.
* Deceased. f Now at the Seminary.
54 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
V. RELATION OF THE SYNOD TO HOME MISSIONS.
From its very organization, this Synod took
an active part in Home Missions. As early as
1832, in concert with the New York Minis-
terium, a mission was undertaken in the city
of Buffalo, to which the Rev L. Sternberg was
appointed. Missionary societies were organ-
ized in nearly all the pastoral charges. Dr.
Lintner reported in 1834, three such societies
in his churches. From time to time mission-
aries were employed in various counties in
Western New York, and the churches at Lock-
port, Freidens, Dahsville, Sparta, Bearytown,
Canajoharie, Maryland in Otsego county, and
perhaps others, have been established in whole
or in part by the missionary committees of our
Synod.
But our efforts in the cause of Home Mis-
sions have not been commensurate with our
opportunities and the resources of our congre-
gations. The mission at Buffalo was allowed
to languish and fail, though under the care of
a most worthy and efficient missionary, and
ostensibly fostered jointly with the New York
Ministerium, chiefly because the churches did
not furnish the funds necessary to sustain it.
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 55
The missionary may have made some mistakes,
by which he failed to secure the sympathy and
hearty co-operation of the German pastors in
Buffalo. Still, this was no adequate cause for
the failure. There were mission stations at
Royalton and Shelby, in Niagara county, one
or two in Monroe, Onondaga, Wayne and
other counties in Western New York, which
were temporarily occupied, but were abandoned
and have been lost to our Church. This is true
of Saugerties and other points in Eastern New
York. The mission in Troy, begun seemingly
under very favorable auspices, was relinquished
after an expenditure of several hundred dollars,
and this failure has very materially impaired
the prospect of ever establishing a Lutheran
church in that important and prosperous city,
though we might have gathered there the
material for a large and self-sustaining congre-
gation. Inaction or misdirected action, and the
illiberality of our churches, are the principal
causes of failure here. Whether any future
effort to establish a church in this city shall be
deemed expedient, is yet to be determined.
The question is worthy of prayerful considera-
tion.
S6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
VL RELATION OF SYNOD TO FOREIGN MISSIONS.
In the work of Foreign Missions the Synod
has made a much more creditable record. The
first Woman's Synodical Missionary Society in
the United States was organized at Cobleskill,
in 1839, by the wives of Lutheran ministers,
and other Christian women belonging to
churches of the Hartwick Synod. This Wo-
man's Missionary Society has the honor of
having educated the Rev. Walter Gunn, of
precious memory, and of having furnished in
part the means to send him to India, and to
sustain him during his labors amongst the
heathen. Brother Gunn was ordained and set
apart for the foreign mission field by this
Synod at Johnstown, N. Y, on the 6th of Sep-
tember, 1843. The Rev. J. Z. Senderling, who
was always so deeply interested in foreign
missions, was very appropriately selected to
preach the ordination sermon. Brother Gunn
was the first Lutheran minister in the United
States who had been specially educated as a
missionary to the heathen.
In this connection it may be said that the
organization of women's missionary societies
is no new thing in the Hartwick Synod. The
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. $y
existence of such societies is mentioned as
early as 1832, when the Womaii's Missionary
Society of Dansville sent $2$ to Synod; and
by the year 1838, similar societies existed in
a majority of our congregations. In 1837
Synod contributed iJsoo to the Foreign Mis-
sionary Society of Germany, to aid its missions
in India. In 1839 our contributions to foreign
missions were upwards of ;J 1,000, and at every
annual convention the foreign missions of our
church have been very liberally remembered
by our congregations. In 1854 the Rev. J. Z.
Senderling collected in our churches ^800 for
foreign missions.
It may not be inappropriate to remark just
here that this Synod, especially during the ear-
lier years of its existence, displayed a very com-
mendable liberality, not only in the cause of For-
eign Missions but also in Home Missions and
Education. In 1836, the sum of |! 1,500 was
raised for these two objects alone. The same
year, |!640 were expended for Home Missions.
In 1839, |! 1,000 were contributed for the same
object. At that time Synod contained only
thirteen pastors and twenty-one congrega-
tions, with a membership of 3,775 ; and yet
58 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
for Home and Foreign Missions alone the
churches contributed nearly ;Ji,8oo. In the year
1879, with thirty congregations, and twenty-
eight pastors, and a membership of over 4,000,
our contributions for Home and Foreign Mis-
sions, Education, Synodical treasury. Church
Extension, and the treasury of the General
Synod, amounted to about ^11,675, or nearly
J!i25 less than we realized in 1839 f^^ ^wo ob-
jects alone.
The question will naturally suggest itself,
have we, as a Synod, developed a spirit of lib-
erality proportioned to our membership, the
multiplication of our pastors and congregations,
and the increase of our resources ? That there
has not been any large growth in the numeri-
cal strength of our congregations since 1839
must be admitted ; for it is worthy of remark
that for nearly thirty years our membership
seems to have been stereotyped at about 4,000,
never rising more than a hundred or two above
that number. And yet the wealth of our con-
gregations has been very largely augmented.
Have our people consecrated their substance to
Christ, in sustaining the benevolent operations
of the church, in proportion ** as the Lord hath
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 59
prospered them ?" This question should be
seriously and prayerfully pondered. The nu-
merical and especially the spiritual develop-
ment of a Christian community depends very
much upon the fidelity with which we dis-
charge our stewardship in consecrating our
substance as well as ourselves to the service of
Christ. Where the latter is done in due sincer-
ity, the other will follow necessarily. The
want of spiritual life in our churches, as mani-
fested by their inaction and want of liberality,
will tell with fearful effect upon all our church
interests, for God will certainly withhold his
blessing from us, and then comes the spiritual
blight, and ultimately the spiritual desolation.
VI I. RELATION OF SYNOD TO SABBATH-SCHOOLS.
In the Sabbath-school cause our Synod has
always taken an active part. In fact, the re-
ligious education of the youth of the congrega-
tion has always been a marked feature in the
jwactice of the Lutheran Church. The im-
portance of thoroughly indoctrinating the
rising generation in the great truths of the
gospel has always been recognized by the
Church of the Reformation. Long before the
6o MEMORIAL VOLUME.
days of Robert Raikes, she was engaged in
the work of instructing her children in the
doctrines and precepts of true, practical Chris-
tianity. In the very commencement, Synod
addressed itself energetically to the establish-
ment of Sabbath-schools. As early as 1832, a
Sunday school Union was formed, auxiliary to
the Sunday-school Union of the General Synod,
and we have done our duty with some fidelity
in this important department of church work.
At our last annual convention, twenty-six Lu-
theran Sunday-schools were reported, with
nearly 300 teachers and 4,000 scholars, besides
seven union schools, with 54 teachers and 400
scholars; making a total of thirty-three
schools, 350 teachers, and 4,500 scholars.
This is certainly a creditable showing.
VIIL EFFORTS OF SYNOD TOWARDS ORGANIC
UNION OF LUTHERAN SYNODS IN THE
STATE OF NEW YORK.
Before leaving that part of our subject which
relates to church work within our own denom-
ination, it may not be amiss to speak of the
efforts of Synod to effect a union between the
Lutheran synods in the state of New York,
especially those that belong to the General
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 6 1
Synod. In 1871, Synod appointed a commit-
tee to attend the New York Synod during its
convention at Germantown, to lay before that
body a proposition for a union of the two Syn-
ods — if not for a permanent organic union, at
least for a future subdivision, having proper
regard to geographical boundaries. The offi-
cers of the New York Synod knew of this
movement on the part of our Synod, yet when
our committee reached Germantown they found
to their surprise that all the preliminaries
for an organic union between the New York
and New Jersey Synods had been previously
arranged, and the well-intentioned purposes of
our Synod were defeated.
In 1877, in compliance with the recommen-
dation of the General Synod, and with the
concurrence of the Franckean Synod, a com-
mittee was appointed by this Synod to meet a
similar committee of the Franckean Synod, to
agree upon a basis for an organic union of
these two bodies. The two committees met ;
a basis of union was unanimously adopted, and
by the committees recommended to their re-
spective Synods for ratification. The Franck-
ean Synod at its next annual convention
63 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
failed to ratify the action of its committee,
because of the violent opposition of one or two
of its leading members ; nor has it ratified it
at either of its subsequent conventions. The
Hartwick Synod did ratify it by a unanimous
vote, and the failure to bring about an organic
union between these two Lutheran Synods
occupying so nearly the same territory docs
not rest with this Synod. Whatever incon-
veniences and disadvantages the Lutheran
Church in the State of New York is suffering,
from a want of proper territorial division, as
well as from want of union and concentration
of effort, in Home Missions, Church Exten-
sion, Education, and other departments of in-
ternal church work, the fault is manifestly not
with this Synod.
It is proposed now to consider briefly
THE RELATION OF THIS SYNOD TO THE GENERAL
BENEVOLENT OPERATIONS OF THE CHURCH,
OUTSIDE OF OUR OWN DENOMINATION.
i.^ The Temperance Cause.
Reference has already been made to the at-
titude of this Synod in relation to the cause of
Temperance. It has always been unequivocal
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 63
and decided in its denunciations against the
vice of intemperance, and has done its full
share in awakening the consciences of our
people to the alarming consequences growing
out of the sale and use of all intoxicating drinks
as beverages. Dr. Lintner, Dr. Senderling,
Rev. A. Crownse, and other founders of this
Synod^ as well as all our pastors, have always
borne a conspicuous part in the Temperance
reform. On this subject our Synod has uttered
no uncertain sound.
2. The Evangelical Alliance,
This Synod was amongst the first to give its
endorsement and to extend its co-operation to
the Evangelical Alliance. This body, com-
posed of Evangelical Christians of all churches
and of all nationalities, designed to bring all
true Christians into closer bonds of fellowship,
and to extend sympathy and protection to
persecuted Protestants throughout the world,
found in our Synod a prompt and cordial co-
adjutor.
3. The American Bible and Tract Societies,
The Tract cause, as represented by the
American Tract Society, has always had the
64 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
sympathy and support of our Synod. And
this is true of the great work of the American
Bible Society. To this Society our congrega-
tions have made liberal donations, not a few of
them having constituted not only their pastors,
but also their pastors' wives, life members of
the American Bible Society — thus showing
that this Synod has always cultivated and man-
ifested a catholic and liberal spirit, and has
most cheerfully extended its sympathy and its
material aid to every religious enterprise, within
our own denomination and outside of it, which
gave any promise of the salvation of men and
the spread of the kingdom of Christ.
REVIEW.
It may be proper now to inquire to what
extent the Lutheran Church in this State has
been developed through the agency of the
Hartwick Synod. At its organization in 1830,
the Synod contained only seven pastors. At
its first regular convention, held at Johnstown,
in i83i,the Synod contained eleven pastors,
32 congregations and 2087 communicants. Up
to 1836 there were thirteen pastors, 38 congre-
gations and 4074 communicants, showing an
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 65
increase in six years, of six congregations, and
nearly one hundred per cent in the pastors and
in the membership. In 1836 came the schism
in our Synod, and the organization of the
Franckean Synod, by which four of the leading
ministers withdrew, carrying with them half a
dozen churches and about one thousand mem-
bers. From this time we were " a house di-
vided against itself;" and the two parties, by
their unnatural and uncharitable antagonisms,
not only hindered very much the development
of the Lutheran Church, but furnished an
occasion for other denominations to prey upon
our congregations, and thus many of our mem-
bers were drawn away from us, and much of
the material which legitimately belonged to us
was gathered into other churches. There, they
naturally supposed, they would be free from the
contentions and bitter strifes, which were de-
stroying the peace of the congregations, check-
ing greatly the spiritual growth of the mem-
bership and retarding very much the general
development 'of the Church.
Notwithstanding all these drawbacks and
hindrances, there has been a very encouraging
growth in our Synod. Let a few pastorates be
5
66 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
taken as an illustration. At the organization,
Dr. Lintner was serving three congregations,
Schoharie, Middleburg and Cobleskill. Each
of these has become self-sustaining. The Scho-
harie church has been handsomely remodeled
and greatly improved. At Central Bridge a
congregation was organized and a commodious
church built in 1844, through the efforts of Dr.
Lintner, and added to the Schoharie charge.
The congregation at Middleburg, which lost its
church by fire in 1856, built another the same
year. The church was remodeled and greatly
improved in 1870. This congregation has also
built a handsome and commodious parsonage,
and is liberally supporting its own pastor. The
same may be said of Cobleskill and of Rich-
mondville. Until within a few years, these two
churches formed one pastorate. Cobleskill
purchased a parsonage in 1857. The historic
brick church which once stood in the centre of
the village, has been replaced by one of the
largest and best-appointed church edifices in
the state, costing about ^35,000. " This congre-
gation supports its own pastor. The old,
dilapidated, weather-beaten structure at Rich-
mondville, which in its shattered condition had
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 6/
piteously appealed for sympathy and help, has
been replaced by a neat and very attractive
church — a credit to the good taste and liberal-
ity of its members. This congregation, with
some aid from a neighboring one, is supporting
its own pastor.
When the Rev. J. Z. Senderling united with
Synod, he was serving two congregations, one
at Schaghticoke and the other at Centre Bruns-
wick, with a salary of ^1500. Now these con-
gregations are self-sustaining. EJach has built
a new church, each has a very comfortable
parsonage, and each is paying more in the way
of pastoral support than they did conjointly at
the organization of our Synod. Canajoharie,
which for twelve years was without any organ-
ization, the congregation quite feeble, worship-
ing in an unattractive wooden building, for many
years a mission station, has developed into a
vigorous and very efficient congregation, with
a handsome and very attractive church edifice,
with an energetic and successful pastor — the
whole an honor to our Synod and to the Lu-
theran Church. Synod aided very materially
in bringing about these results, having in 1852
contributed ;J8oo to aid the congregation. The
68 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
congregation at Johnstown has also made very
striking and commendable progress. The old
wooden structure in which these worthy people
so long and faithfully worshiped, has been sup-
planted by an elegant and commodious brick
church, erected at a cost of ;J33,ooo, an evidence
of the enlightened zeal and liberality of the
congregation, and the energy and successful
labors of their pastor. The congregation, too,
has been growing numerically, as well as in
spirituality, intelligence and liberality. At
Breakabeen we have a congregation, the out-
growth of faithful missionary and pastoral
effort, with a comfortable parsonage, a devoted
people, and a faithful pastor. At Bearytown,
Freidens, Lockport, and Richmondville, all of
which were once missions, we have flourishing
congregations with very respectable churches*
At Athens and West Camp new churches have
been erected. The venerable old historic
church at Guilderland has sent out two colo-
nies, each of which has built a handsome and
capacious church, one at Guilderland Centre
and one at Knowersville. Each of these will,
no doubt, ere long sustain its own pastor.
At Dansville, where, when Synod was organ-
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 69
ized, there was a Union congregation, partly
Lutheran and partly German Reformed, a new
congregation, exclusively Lutheran and 'Eng-
lish, was formed in 1847, ^^^ ^^^ present neat
church was erected and dedicated. In 1837
Rev. M. J. Stover, organized a congregation in
the town of Sparta, and in 1838 a church was
built. This congregation still forms a part of
the Dansville pastorate. At Gallupville a con-
gregation has been organized, a comfortable
church and a convenient parsonage built. At
one time forming a pastoral charge with Berne,
it now supports its own pastor. The same
may be said of Berne ; so that here two self-
sustaining pastorates have grown out of one.
In the town of Knox, Albany county, a con-
gregation was organized in 1839, ^^ fifty-one
members. A church was erected in 1850. For
many years it was connected with Guilderland.
It has an excellent parsonage built whilst Rev.
A. N. Daniels was pastor, about the year 1866.
It now has its own pastor, and has the pros-
pect of permanency and development. A few
years since, the venerable church at Palatine
was very neatly refitted through the efforts of
Rev. N. Wirt. At Woodstock and Pine Grove
70 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
new churches have also been built, and this
pastorate, though in a somewhat feeble condi-
tion, gives much better promise than for many
years past
This review shows that since the organiza-
tion of Synod, twenty-five new church edifices
have been erected. Eight congregations have
been established through our Home Missions
Committee. Five pastorates, embracing eleven
congregations, have been divided into as many
self-sustaining charges, each charge in most
cases owning its parsonage.
The Synod, through its congregations, has
contributed to Home and Foreign Missions,
Education, and the Synodical Treasury, an
annual average of about ;?!i500. making a
grand total of about ;^8o,ooo. This is exclu-
sive of the building and repairing of churches
and parsonages, which would probably aggre-
gate ;J300,000. How far this exhibit compares
with the ability of our churches, cannot be
readily ascertained.
That we have failed to plant churches at
many points which were opened to us, and
that the development of our Synod has not
been commensurate with our resources and
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. /I
our opportunities, candor compels us to admit.
The Buffalo Mission, once so hopeful, was
abandoned. So was Troy, and Waterloo, and
Saugerties, and other localities where churches
might have been built, if more liberality and
energy had been displayed. It is true, our
territory has been in a certain sense circum-
scribed, and we have had to prosecute our
labors amidst all the discouragements and
embarrassments connected with the divisions
in our Synods, and the distractions in our con-
gregations ; nevertheless, we might and should
have made in these fifty years much greater
progress in the multiplication of our churches
and the increase of our membership, as well as
in elevating their intelligence and spirituality,
and developing their liberality. But let us
thank God for the measure of success which
has attended our labors and the labors of our
brethren who have been co-workers with us in
the Lord's vineyard. Lef us be humble and
penitent because of any unfaithfulness with
which we may be chargeable, and in a spirit
of renewed consecration let us go forth to
labor and sacrifice for Him who has honored
us by calling us into his service.
72 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
So much for the past. What shall be the
future history of our Synod and of our
churches ? What is the record which will be
made during the next half century? Long
before the centennial anniversary of our
Synod, every one of us now in the ministry
will have retired from the walls of Zion. The
destinies of the churches which we represent
here to-day will have passed into the keeping
of a new generation of preachers. Who they
shall be and what manner of men they shall
be, is known only to the Great Head of the
Church. That he will, with the watch-care
which he has always exercised over his
Church, raise up and qualify by the necessary
spiritual endowments the men who shall fill
up the ranks of the ministry, as death shall
decimate them, we cannot for a moment doubt.
Be it ours to prepare the way for their coming,
by providing the very best facilities for their
spiritual and intellectual culture, and by devel-
oping in our congregations a higher standard
of intelligence, spirituality, and active Christian
benevolence. Then we may calmly and hope-
fully lay us down to rest, and anticipate, with
an unshaken confidence in the Saviour's faith*
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 73
fulness, a grand and glorious future for our
Synod, as it shall become a potent agent in
ushering in the kingom of God and of his
Christ.
There have been about one hundred minis-
ters connected with this Synod at various
times since its organization. Of these three
were deposed by this Synod, and two by other
Lutheran synods. One of the latter has died,
the other has been restored to the ministry by
another denomination. The three deposed by
this Synod have all been called to their ac-
count. Two have retired from the ministry.
Eight have joined other denominations. The
destination of several is unknown. Thirty-
three in all have died, though not all of them
in connection with this Synod at the time of
their decease. This death-roll includes all of
the seven who were the founders of the Synod,
viz : Revs. Lintner, Crownse, Wieting, Law-
yer, Lape, Eisenlord, and Kilmer; and Revs.
D. Eyster, P. G. Cole, J. J. Beilhartz, and S. S.
Klein, who became members in 1831, making
a total of eleven. Twenty -two others must be
added to this list, amongst whom we record
the brethren, Senderling, Selmser, Watson,
74 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Emerick, R. Dederick, Keiser, Swackhamer,
Bunnell, Gunn, Snyder, Joseph D. Wirt,
Schell, Lefler, D. Kline, Tomlinson, and others.
Thus fully one-third of all who have been at
various times members of this Synod from its
incipiency in 1830, have ceased their labors in
the church below, and we trust are reaping in
heaven the rich reward which awaits every
faithful ambassador of Christ. Honored they
felt themselves, in being called of God to the
holy and responsible office of the ministry.
We who survive them can bear testimony how
faithfully those whom we knew served the
Master. Amidst the toils and discourage-
ments, the trials and sacrifices incident to their
high vocation, they acquitted themselves " like
men'* — like true men of God. Consecrated to
Christ and to the office of the ministry, they
counted nothing dear to them so they might
glorify God in the conversion of men and the
building up of the Church of the Reformation,
which is the Church of Christ.
As we meet to review their work, and to
consider the results which have flowed to us
and the churches from their sacrifices — ^their
devotion to the doctrines and usages of the
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 7$
church of our fathers — ^their unswerving ad-
herence to their convictions and the dictates ot
duty — we bless God for their noble and inspir-
ing examples, and for the benefits which have
come to us and our churches through their
teachings and the many Christian virtues
which adorned their lives. Though dead, they
yet speak. Gathered as we are in this church,
which in other years the founders of our
Synod and many other departed brethren
graced and honored by their presence, and
hallowed by their preaching and their prayers,
may it not be, that with the " great cloud of
witnesses that compass us about," they too
may be hovering over us, and though unseen
would breathe a benediction upon us? For
although they "have crossed the river," we
realize that they are still bound to us by the
ties of an undying brotherhood :
" Saints on earth and those above
•But one communion make."
Let us for a moment pause and listen in silence
to the voices which speak to our souls as in
spirit we commune with them.
The outward eye may see not, the outward
ear may hear not ; yet there are whisperings
76 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
which come to the heart, voiceless, yet sweet
and gentle and potent! Whisperings which
bid us be comforted and even joyful ; for all
these valiant soldiers of the Cross, having
"fought the good fight" and " kept the faith,"
have no doubt entered into the kingdom of
God and have received the " crown of glory ! "
Whisperings which would inspire us to follow
them, as they followed Christ, and to make
"full proof of our ministr>'." Whisperings,
which would stimulate us to toil on faithfully
and patiently, scattering the precious seed of
the kingdom, with prayer and faith, it may be
amidst severe trials of our fortitude — it may
be in sorrow and in tears; but by-and-by
comes the rich harvest-time, and joining them
in the kingdom of our Father, we shall
gather all our sheaves, and amidst the acclaims
of all the redeemed, rejoice together in the
glory and blessedness which await all who
have served Christ sincerely and with fidelity !
In these fifty years, the pastors in our
Synod, those who have gone before us and
those who still minister at the altars of God,
have had an annual average of over three
thousand souls under our spiritual instruction
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 7/
and guidance, and perhaps twice that number
have heard the gospel from our lips. It is
very probable that in these years not less than
six thousand souls who have made up our con-
gregations have passed into eternity, carrying
with them the spiritual impressiohs received
from our teachings in the pulpit, as well as
from our private instructions and our social
influence. As to-day our imagination sweeps
over the graves of this vast multitude who are
sleeping the sleep of death, and as we follow
their immortal spirits as they went into the
presence of the Great Judge, the solemn
thought presses itself upon the conscience,
Have we, as ambassadors of Christ, been faith-
ful to our high commission — being " instant in
season and out of season," entreating men " to
be reconciled to God?" Has the gospel in
our hands proved '* the wisdom of God and the
power of God'* in the salvation of those to
whom we had the opportunity to proclaim it ?
By faithfully and earnestly preaching the great
cardinal doctrines of repentance towards God
and justification by faith in our Lord Jesus
Christ, have we been -successful in directing
the erring, the guilty, the spiritually dead, to
78 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
him who is the way, the truth, and the life ?
Having brought men to Christ through our
ministry, have we sought to develop in our
membership that true, inner, spiritual life,
which manifests itself in an unreserved conse-
cration of bur persons, our services, and our
substance to him who hath redeemed us with
his precious blood, and hath ordained that his
people shall be " a peculiar people, zealous of
good works ?*' In other words, have our
churches, through the faithful exhibition of the
great practical truths of the gospel and the ad-
ministration of the sacraments, proved so many
spiritual avenues by which immortal souls pur-
chased by Christ's blood have been conducted
heavenward, and are now rejoicing with " the
general assembly and the Church of the first
born, whose names are written in heaven?"
These are the grand results to be attained
through the Church, with its ministry and its
sacraments. If not secured, the Church, with
its ministry and its sacraments, exists in vain.
We have cause for gratitude and for rejoic-
ing, as we review the successful labors of our
brethren in the ministry who have finished
their labors, to know that for the most part
HISTORICAL ADDRESS. 79
they were faithful and earnest in fulfilling their
high commission, and that with the many
precious souls led to the cross and to glory
through their ministry, they are to-day rejoic-
ing together amidst all the blessed fruitions of
their heavenly home !
As we review God's dealings with us person-
ally and as a Synod, we have much cause for
humiliation and repentance. Nevertheless, we
have much to inspire our hearts with gratitude
and hope. Let us, with the pious Samuel, raise
our Ebenezer, and with full hearts and glad
voices exclaim : " Hitherto hath the Lord
helped us!" With the Psalmist let us say:
" Because Thou hast been our help, therefore
under the shadow of thy wings will we rejoice."
Gathering a fresh inspiration from the godly
examples and the peaceful and triumphant
deaths of our brethren, who are now reaping
their reward in heaven — above all, seeking the
baptism of the Holy Spirit upon ourselves as
pastors and upon our churches-^— let us as min-
isters and laymen go forth, to live for Christ, to
labor for Christ, and if need be to die for Christ!
We can then trustingly and hopefully commit
all our personal interests and the interests of
8o MEMORIAL VOLUME.
the Church to him who has given us the en
couraging assurance : " Lo, I am with you
always, even unto the end I" Sustained by this
promise, let us go out, in the Master's name
and in the Master's strength, to sow the pre-
cious seed of the kingdom. Let us sow
wisely, abundantly and "beside all waters."
Let us sow in faith and with prayer. In due
season comes the grand and glorious harvest-
time, with its ingathering of rich and abun-
dant sheaves, and its triumphant songs of
everlasting praise and rejoicing !
Middleburg, New York, October 17, 1880.
LIST OF MEMBERS OF HARTWICK SYNOD.
FROM ITS ORGANIZATION IN 1830 TO 1880.
FOUNDERS OF THE SYNOD.
tGeorge A. Lintner, D. D., t Adam Crownse,
t Philip Wieting, (5) fjohn D. Lawyer,* (5)
t Thomas Lape, fjohn J. Eisenlord, (7)
fThomas Kilmer.
SUBSEQUENT MEMBERS.
tDavid Eyster, fS. S. Klein, (5)
tP. G. Cole, tj. J. Beilhartz,
tjohn Selmser, f William Ottman, (5)
tJ. Z. Senderling, Edward Myer, (i)
tCharles A. Smith, (2) A. F. Rumph, (i)
HISTORICAL ADDRESS.
8l
fL. Swackhamer,
L. Sternberg, (2)
tjames Fenner,
tjohn Fisher,
tjames Lefler,
fR. Dederick,
L. Dederick, (7)
tW. H. Emerick.
fWalter Gunn,
tJohn Rugan, (5)
M. Waltemire,*
H. Wheeler, (6)
tH. L. Eggers, (5)
tW. E. Snyder,
tDavid Kline,
C, B. Thuemmell, (5),
John D. English, (2)
P. A. Strobe!, (6)
V. F. Bolton, (6)
Lewis Hippe, (5)
Marcus Kling, (5)
Peter Felts, D. D., (6)
William Sharts, (6)
tjoseph D. Wirt,
J. H. Heck. (6)
S. Stall, (5)
J. S. Harkey, (6)
W. T. Strobel, (5)
A. N. Daniels, (6)
D. M. Moser, (5)
P. M. Rightmyer, (5)
6
tW. H. Watson,
fG. W. Lewis,
W. N. Scholl, D. D.. (6)
E. Belfour, (5)
t Jacob Moyer,
Ephraim Deyoe, (5)
H. LSchmidt, D. D., (5)
J. G. Griffith, (5)
A. L. Bridgman(5)
S. Curtis (6)
N. W. Goertner, D. D., (2)
F. W. Brauns, (2)
tPeter Nellis,
N. H. Cornell, (5)
flsaac Kimball,*
tJ. R. Keiser, (2)
Allen Traver, (2)
tL. L. Bunnell,
tHenry Roell,
fLevi Schell,
A. P. Ludden, (6)
Nicholas Wirt, (6)
James Pitcher, (6)
J. A. Rosenberg, (6)
W. H. Luckenbach,(5)
Ira S.Porter, (6)
E. H. Martin, (4)
Henry Keller, (7)
L. D. Wells, (6)
D. W. Lawrence, (5)
J. N. Barnett, (5)
82
MEMORIAL VOLUME.
W. E. Traver, (6)
Adam Martin, (5)
J. C. Brodfuhrer, (5)
G. W. Hemperly, (6)
Alfred Hiller (5)
J. R. Sikes, (6)
A. H. Angle, M. D., (9)
H. A. Strail,(5)
P. Graif, (5)
fB. W. Toinlinson»
D. Swope, (5)
Edwin Potter, (5)
H. Sharp, (6)
W. P. Evans, (5)
J. R. Shoffner, (6)
A. Martenis, (5)
W. W. Gulick, (6)
J. W. Lake. (5)
M.M. Grove, (8)
F. G. Fairchild, (9)
L J. Delo, (6)
U. Myers, (6)
W. I. Cutter, (5)
tC H. Hersh, (5)
Luther P. Ludden, (6)
C. P. Whitecar, (10)
J. S. Paul. (6)
t Deceased.
♦Deposed.
(i) Joined P. E. church.
(2) Joined Presbyterian church.
(4) Joined Congregational ist church.
(5) Joined other Lutheran Synods.
(6) Still members of Hartwick Synod.
(7) Retired from ministry.
(9) Dropped.
(10) Joined M. E. church.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Rev. Geo. A. LINTNER.
REV. GEORGE A. LINTNER, D. D.
[Contributed by Rev. H. I. Schmidt, D. D., for the Lu-
theran and Alissionary.']
Our church is again called to mourn the de-
parture from among us of one of her most use-
ful, most devoted, and most highly venerated
servants. The Rev. G. A. Lintner, D. D., has
gone to that rest which remaineth for the
people of God, and to receive that reward
which the Lord hath in store for those who
have been found faithful in their stewardship ;
and now the sad and yet pleasing duty of pay-
ing a humble tribute to the exalted worth and
eminent distinction of our departed brother,
devolves upon one who knew long and inti-
mately, and loved fervently, him whose flesh
now rests in hope. Before I proceed to such
remarks as sorrowing friendship dictates, let
me premise a brief statement of the most inter-
esting facts connected with a life so unblem-
ished, and a career so unobtrusively and yet
so unceasingly active and so eminently useful.
In stating these facts, I shall use, wherever it
is necessary, the language of a full obituary
(85)
86 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
notice furnished to the Middleburg Gazette by
his son-in-law, the Hon. P. S. Danforth.
George Ames Lintner was born in Minden,
Montgomery county, N. Y., February 15, 1796.
His parents were Albert and Elizabeth (West-
erman) Lintner, both of whom were of German
descent, and among the earliest settlers near the
Mohawk River. At ten years of age, George
was sent to a school near the village of Coop-
erstown, and after his return home, in about a
year, he remained in his father's family, work-
ing on the farm, until the fall of 18 13. He
was then placed in the grammar school at
Schenectady, under the tuition of the Rev.
John S. Mahon, where he remained until the
fall of 18 1 5, when he entered the sophomore
class in Union College, and graduated in July,
1 8 17. While in college he took high rank,
and at the Commencement one of the highest
honors was assigned to him. During his col-
lege course he also devoted some time to the
study of theology under the instruction of the
Rev. Peter W. Domeier, a man of profound
learning and of great eloquence, but whose
later life was sullied by irregular habits, and
the sun of whose mortal day went down
under a dark cloud, thus differing — oh, how
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 87
widely ! — from his honored pupil. He continued
his studies in theology with this divine until
September, 18 18, when he was licensed to
preach by the Evangelical Lutheran Minister-
ium of the State of New York. After he was
licensed, he preached occasionally in the vil-
lage of Little Falls and other places, until he
was called, in January, 1819, to the pastoral
charge of the Evangelical Lutheran churches
of Schoharie and Cobleskill.
On the 3d of March, 18 19, he was married
to Maria Waggoner, removed to Schoharie
two months later, and was then ordained and
installed as pastor of the Lutheran church, to
which he had been called, at a special meeting
of the New York Ministerium, his ordination
and installation taking place on the i6th of
June, 1819. Here, in the midst of families
whose names had been long and honorably
known throughout that region of country, he
commenced a long and prosperous pastorate,
during which he enjoyed the unbounded re-
spect of all who knew him, and exerted an
influence over a widely-spread community, in
his own and the adjacent counties, such as has
been accorded to few ministers of the Gospel
in modern times.
88 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
His wife died October 28, 1830, leaving him
two children, a son distinguished as a natural-
ist, and a daughter, the accomplished wife of
the Hon. P. S. Danforth, of Middleburg. He
was married again, May 30, 1832, to Mary-
Eliza Campbell ; of this second union there has
been no issue.
In September, 1835, the degree of D. D.
was conferred upon Mr. Lintner by Pennsyl-
vania College. He soon occupied, in various
ways, a very prominent position in the Church.
During four years he edited, with decided
ability, the Lutheran Magazine^ a religious
monthly. In the palmy days of the General
Synod, the high estimation in which he was
held, and the confidence which his brethren
reposed in him, were made manifest by their
electing him thrice, in 1841-42-43^ to the
presidency of that body, the duties of which
office he discharged with great dignity, effi-
ciency, and acceptance.
On the first of May, 1849, he resigned the
pastorate of the church at Schoharie, and now
devoted himself to the work of preparing a
liturgy for the Evangelical Lutheran Church
in this country, which was published by order
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 89
of the General Synod. Besides several other
minor productions, he published, in 1853, ^^^
memoirs of the Rev. Walter Gunn, who had
been a member of Dr. Lintner's church, and
one of the fruits of his ministry, and was
the first foreign missionary sent out by the
Foreign Missionary Society of the Lutheran
Church in the United States.
Dr. Lintner was rather portly in person ; not
corpulent, but tall and well-proportioned, and
of commanding presence. The first impression
which he made upon others was that of great
dignity. When the present writer appeared,
some forty-odd years ago, before the New York
Ministerium, to be examined for licensure. Dr.
Lintner was on the examining committee, and
your humble correspondent inquired with some
trepidation how we examinandi were likely to
fare at the hands of that dignified gentleman.
Encouraged by the assurance that no severity
need be apprehended, we passed very comfort-
ably through our examination, and Dr. Lintner
himself drew up the report, which was very
favorable to the incipient theologians. The
acquaintance formed on this occasion was, ot
course, and continued to be, slight, as widely
90 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
separated places of abode precluded all social
intercourse; in the year next following, the
Hartwick Synod was organized; and, as Dr.
Lintner was a prominent leader in this move-
ment, opportunities for meeting were of rare
occurrence. Sundry circumstances were con-
nected with this separation which provoked
unfriendly feelings and remarks in various quar-
ters. Your present correspondent, who was at
that time rather addicted to polemics, published
some articles in the Observer which were not
calculated to conciliate, and proved (although
he was not personally even alluded to, certainly
not without reason) offensive to Dr. Lintner ;
and the consequence was such a complete es-
trangement that when the parties did meet in
the same place, there was no intercourse be-
tween them. This is mentioned here merely
to show how utterly foreign it was to Dr. Lint-
ner to harbor unkind feelings, and to nurse
displeasure and unfriendliness. For, several
years later, it became necessary to consult the
Doctor concerning a matter of general import-
ance, and of some interest to your correspond-
ent, who — ^as a letter which failed to reach its
destination in time remained, apparently, unan-
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 9 1
swered — resolved to proceed at once to Scho-
harie, and to take his chance with a man whom
he had unintentionally offended, not knowing
that a most friendly letter had, in the mean-
time, been dispatched in reply to the one just
mentioned. Arrived at one of the inns of
Schoharie, the unexpected visitor proceeded at
once to the pastor's house, and there met with
a reception so courteous, so kind and cordial,
that it was instantly obvious how completely
the last shadow of alienation had been dissolved
into brightest sunlight : the visitor was imme-
diately transferred, with his luggage, to the
parsonage, and there entertained for a week
with the most unconstrained, graceful, and
generous hospitality. And with this visit com-
menced a friendship which nothing could
thereafter overcloud; a friendship which grew
riper and stronger and closer as the years
passed over our heads, and has made the pres-
ent writer one of the saddest mourners over the
decease of one whom he profoundly rever-
enced, toward whom his heart was irresistibly
drawn, and to whom it clung with the warmest
affection. After this we saw a good deal of
each other, corresponded occasionally, and were
92 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
not unfrequently entertained, as welcome
guests, at each other's residences. And it is
this intercourse, kept up for nearly thirty years,
that enables your correspondent to form an
inteUigent and correct opinion of the character
of this eminent servant of our common Lord,
and its influence now guides his pen in this
humble attempt to pay a just tribute to the
memory of the man, the Christian, and the
preacher.
As has just been intimated, it was this friend-
ship which fully revealed the true character of
the man, and in consequence of this altered
relation, your correspondent immediately dis-
covered that beneath that dignified exterior the
tenderest sympathies, the most winning quali-
ties of refined and sanctified humanity, were
ever alive, and ever producing their legitimate
fruits in the daily intercourse with those who
were bound to him by the tenderest ties of kin-
dred or friendship, and on all occasions which
brought him in contact with other members of
society; and greatly surprised and delighted
was the present writer to find that the man
whom he had regarded and respected as a most
dignified clergyman, was really one of the most
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 93
amiable of men. As this trait of his character,
this kindness of heart, made him a most de-
lightful companion, and clothed all his inter-
course with his family, relatives, and friends
with an indescribably winning grace, so it
restrained him at all times from passing harsh
judgment upon those whose conduct he could
not approve: any necessary censures were
always characterized by charitable forbearance;
any indiscretions committed by other members
of the sacred profession criticised with consid-
erate reserve, without prejudice, however, to
his earnest condemnation of downright vice,
which he was never tempted to shield or ex-
cuse. Striking instances of his great kindness
of heart might be mentioned here, did not the
sacredness of private life, and of the retiring
modesty of that charity which vaunteth not
itself, forbid. Regard him in any and every
relation to his fellow-men, the subject of this
brief memoir approved himself an ornament of
the society in which he moved, the true gen-
tleman, and the cheerful, consistent Christian.
Our friend was possessed of sound, solid
learning, and when the active duties of his
sacred calling permitted, he spent much time
94 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
in his study, not among^ but with his books, of
which he knew how to make good use, as sun-
dry published productions of his pen serve to
show. In the discharge of his pastoral duties
he was indefatigable, and the affectionate fidel-
ity with which these duties were performed is
vouched for by the warm personal attachment
entertained for him by his parishioners. His
preaching was decidedly textual, clear, con-
vincing, persuasive; while never disfigured
with the tawdry tissues of a gorgeous and
vapid rhetoric, he never, in his faithful and
earnest deliverances from the pulpit, despised
the more modest graces of sacred eloquence.
But, as a general thing, his pulpit perform-
ances created at once the impression that the
preacher was most solemnly in earnest in his
efforts to win souls to Christ, and it cannot be
doubted that many such were given him for
his hire.
Dr. Lintner was a Lutheran, who loved the
great Confession of his Church, and in various
ways contended " for the faith which was once
delivered to the saints." Some of his pub-
lished writings prove that he had none of that
mixtum compositum in which it is difficult to
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 95
discover where diluted Lutheranism ends and
undiluted Methodism or Puritanism begins;
in his confessional status he entertained none
of that insipid mixture of milk and water
which defies the acutest palate to discover
whether it is dealing with milk, or with water,
or with neither. Our friend was not a feeble
undecided, negative character ; he was a strong
and a positive man ; a man who readily and
clearly discerned the truth, and then adhered
to it and stood up for it ; not a halting ration-
alist; not a man of religious opinions which
are as liable to change as an April sky; but a
man fully "persuaded in his own mind;*' a man
of firm, decided, and solid religious convictions^
which he boldly avowed on all suitable occa-
sions, and which afforded him a safe vantage-
ground amid the bickerings that often dis-
turbed the repose of the Church, and clothed
him in impenetrable mail amidst the religious
conflicts that harass and trouble the present age.
Our departed friend was ever active in the
work of the ministry, preaching regularly at
divers places not connected with his parish,
and by thus doing the work of an evangelist,
laboring in season and out of season, he organ-
96 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ized, while he was pastor at Schoharie, three
new churches, one at Summit, one at Middie-
burg, and one at Central Bridge. Besides
preaching the Gospel, he labored constantly
and earnestly in promoting temperance and
sound morals wherever he could make his in-
fluence felt. After he had resigned his pastor-
ate in 1849, his active habits of mind and body
and his zeal for the good of mankind forbade
his resigning himself to a life of rest and ease :
he accepted, at once, the appointment of agent
for the Foreign Missionary Society of the Lu-
theran Church, and spent three years in visiting
Lutheran churches in New York and New
Jersey, presenting the claims of the Society, and
collecting funds to aid in carrying on its ope-
rations. He was thus greatly instrumental in
giving a new impulse to the cause of missions
among us, awakening everywhere a deeper,
livelier, and more liberal interest in that great
cause. While carrying on this work, he also
preached to the Germans, who had formed set-
tlements in that part of the State where he
dwelt And when he had been relieved of the
laborious duties of his agency for the Foreign
Missionary Society, he devoted himself at
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 97
once, with his accustomed energy and zeal, to
the greatest cause of all, the circulation of the
Sacred Scriptures, and was unceasingly active
in supplying Schoharie county with the Bible^ —
establishing societies auxiliary to the American
Bible Society, continuing untiringly in this
work, in the prosecution of which he visited
the towns and villages, to address large
audiences on this important subject, nearly to
the close of his life. In acknowledgment of
his valuable services in the Bible cause, the
parent Society presented to him, not long since,
a copy of their most expensive and beautiful
Bible.
This ceaseless activity, this noble life, termi-
nated on the 2 1 St day of December, 1871. At
his funeral the Rev. Mr. Heck preached an
eloquent, feeling, and peculiarly appropriate
discourse. Eight clergymen, assisted by a
venerable neighbor and life-long friend, offici-
ated as pall-bearers; and at twilight on
Christmas eve, the body of the good man
was borne from the church in which he had,
for more than fifty years, preached Christ and
him crucified, to the beautiful cemetery on the
hillside, during singing of a hymn by the
7
98 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
throng of clergymen, surrounded by the graves
of those who had gone before him, and to
whom he had been a faithful pastor and
beloved friend.
The immediate cause of his death was heart
disease, producing labored and painful respira-
tion, great distress in breathing, accompanied
with a cough which exhausted his strength
and wore away his life. Thus our venerated
and beloved friend was in his last sickness a
great sufferer; yet, though he often spoke of
the pain which he endured as excruciating, his
faith accepted it all as right; he assured his
family and friends that he would not have it
otherwise, and expressed himself thankful that
his Lord thought him worthy to suffer for
him ; for it was this that enabled him, in the
hour of trial, to exhibit, through his own
experience, the sufficiency of his Master's
grace to sustain his disciples in extreme suffer-
ing. He manifested, throughout, such uncom-
plaining patience, such entire unselfishness, and
such tender thoughtfulness for others, in hours
of extreme weakness and distress, as to lead
those around him to contemplate with wonder
the work of grace in the soul. Truly, this servant
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 99
of God died in the triumphs of faith, and the
scenes of his sick-bed, so peaceful, exhibiting
such perfect confidence in his Saviour, cannot
fail to exert a most happy and abiding influ-
ence upon all who were permitted to witness
them.
With that strict consistency which charac-
terized him through the whole of his life, he
remained true to his temperance principles to
the end, and utterly refused to take the brandy
which his physician prescribed two days before
his death, so that when his family proposed to
give it to him, his answer was : " No, let me
die without it." He would not, at the end,
swerve from a rule which had, in one import-
ant particular, governed his conduct through a
long life ; but, knowing that his end was near
at hand, he wished to enter the dark valley with
faculties unclouded, and with an undimmed
consciousness of the presence of that Saviour
whose rod and staff could sustain and comfort
him.
How impressively does the contemplation of
so faultless and noble a life recall the words of
inspiration: "Mark the perfect man and be-
hold the upright, for the end of that man is
peace.'*
ICX) MEMORIAL VOLUME.
A TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF
THE REV. ADAM CROWNSE.
BY THE REV. J. Z. SENDERLING, D. D.
In David's lament over the death of Jona-
than, occurs this beautiful tribute : " I am dis-
tressed for thee, my brother Jonathan ; very
pleasant hast thou been to me." Change the
characters, and I find an echo in my heart of
said tribute to my lamented friend and brother,
the Rev. Adam Crownse.
Our acquaintance began at Hartwick Sem-
inary, and continued until his death. He was
about two years my senior, and born in 1798.
He came among us students as a married man,
Mrs. Crownse then residing in Sharon, the
place of their nativity. She was the sister of
Rev. Levi Sternberg, D. D.
His student life at Hartwick Seminary •
lasted about three years, his studies consisting
of English, Latin, Greek and Hebrew. To
become a scholar in all these in so short a time
was hardly possible. Yet his attainments were
respectable. He had a good mind in a sound
body, which admirably fitted him for the
Rev. ADAM CROWNSE.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. lOI
people and the locations among whom and
where he subsequently labored. His good
mind, sound in Lutheran doctrine, qualified
him for the many battles he fought with his
hyper-Calvinistic * brother Abram ; and thus
having been tested in Biblical controversy, it
gave him vantage ground in his subsequent
theological course. It led him to " search the
Scriptures diligently," to obtain clear views of
the truth as it is in Jesus. In addition, his apt
speech made him a powerful antagonist against
error and false doctrine, whilst his warm Chris-
tian heart made him a successful preacher
against all kinds of vice and wickedness.
With such qualifications he began the work
of his ministry in Sharon, Schoharie county,
N. Y., as a member of the New York Minis-
terium, in which he was both licensed and
ordained. Here he sowed the good seed of
God's precious Word far and wide, with an un-
sparing hand. His family physician. Dr. John
Moeller, one of his flock, pronounced him a
theologian. He certainly was an excellent
spiritual doctor of his people, and a model
pastor.
His second pastorate consisted of the
I02 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
churches of Guilderland, Knox and Berne, a
trio of churches among hills and valleys.
Entering upon this charge, he found it in a
cold and formal state. Here was work for
travel and plain preaching. Close by the
Guilderland church edifice was a tavern, where
members would meet before and after sermon
on the Lord's day, imbibing each time some-
thing stronger than water. Against this
wicked practice and nuisance brother Crownse
wielded the sword of the Spirit. The practice
was abandoned, the nuisance removed, and
naught remained but a private residence and
the pure, deep, and cool well of water.
His sermons were always plain, but strong
and mighty in the truth. Every one contained
enough of Christ to save a soul. If they had
any fault, it seemed to lie in this, that he ad-
dressed himself almost wholly to the under-
standing, as if afraid to arouse the feelings
of the heart. In a subsequent part of his
history an incident occurred which seemed to
shape his course somewhat differently. He
said to the writer, returning together from a
distant meeting, " What is the reason I cannot
ee the movements among my people, as they
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. IO3
occur in some other churches?** "I will tell
you, my dear brother," for I loved him as my
own soul, " you address only the understand-
ing, and not the feelings of the hearts of the
people." And yet he did most faithfully open
up and portray the evils and corruption of
those hearts, and the power of Christ's word
and the Holy Spirit to renew and beautify
them. Has not the minister as much power
and authority to move the feelings of his
audience, as the eloquent pleader at the bar ?
Most certainly. The prophets, all of them,
especially Isaiah and Jeremiah, oft sent forth
their thrilling appeals, early and late. God
Almighty speaks through them, *' Oh do not
this abominable thing that I hate." Jesus
wept at the grave of Lazarus, and again on
Mount Olivet. Paul entreated the people with
many tears.
Many have been the revivals since that time
in the churches of this dear and lamented
brother.
His third field of pastoral labor was in
Middleburg and Breakabeen, where he re-
mained but a few years, when he was called
back to his old flocks in Guilderland and Knox.
I04 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Here he toiled faithfully as usual, and here he
closed his useful life and successful ministry.
He married his second wife in Guilderland,
the widow Von Valkenberg, maiden name
Crownse, the mother of two children — ^John,
who became a lawyer, and Kate, wife of lawyer
Voorhees, at present in Albany, N. Y.*
By his first wife he was blessed with three
children, Barbara Ann, wife of Rev. E. Deyoe,
Judith, now Mrs. Naughrightj and Dr. John.
By his second wife three more were added to
the domestic circle, viz. : Margaret, Christopher
and Aurelia Lintner, the present wife of a Re-
formed clergyman. Rev. Campbell, of Albany,
N. Y.
Let me close this narrative, or memoir, by
simply saying, brother Crownse has, doubtless,
a record in heaven, and in the churches of the
Hartwick Synod, that he lived and labored
only for Christ. Like Paul, he could 3ay, " For
* He died at Athens, N. Y., on January 2d, 1879,
having attained his 75th year. The funeral services
were held in the Lutheran church at Hudson, and the
sermon was preached by Rev. Wm. Hull, pastor of
the church. He was buried in the cemetery at Hud-
son, by the side of his two daughters, who died when
quite young.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. IO5
me to live is Christ, and to die is gain."
Hence his death was most happy, full of peace
and holy joy. Let us imagine his death-song
thus:
** Bright angels are from glory come,
They're round my bed, theyVe in my room ;
They wait to waft my spirit home.
All is well ! all is well !'*
REV. THOMAS LAPE.
The obituary committee of Hartwick Synod,
through Rev. P. A. Strobel, presented the fol-
lowing tribute to Rev. Thomas Lape, at its
convention in 1879:
Rev. Thomas Lape was born in West Sand-
lake, Rensselaer county, in 1801, of Lutheran
parentage. He early gave his heart to the
Saviour, and felt called of God to the work of
the Gospel ministry. He graduated at Union
College, Schenectady, and studied theology at
Hartwick Seminary. His first pastoral charge
was at Johnstown, in Fulton county, where he
succeeded Rev. John P. Goertner, who had
died after a few years labor in the ministry.
There he toiled successfully for six years, from
September 15th, 1829, and then accepted a call
I06 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
to West Camp and Woodstock. In 1837, he
removed to Athens and assumed the pastoral
charge of Zion's Lutheran church, which he
served for ten years, after which he ministered
successively to the Lutheran churches at
Waterloo, at Lockport, and then again at West
Camp and Woodstock.
He was an instructive preacher; a gentle,
amiable, cheerful and faithful pastor ; a good
husband and father; a humble Christian, and
a sincere friend. He stood well among the
Lutheran clergy of the State.
He was one of the founders of the Hartwick
Synod, had been its president, and filled other
offices of trust and responsibility in this body,
having remained connected with it for forty-
seven years, and until his death.
Our departed brother used his pen effectively,
as well as his voice, for the cause of Christ.
He compiled the Theological Sketch Book, in
two large octavo volumes, which had a large
sale. He was the author of a work on Infant
Baptism, which has for many years been cir-
culated in the church. About twenty-five years
ago he prepared a work on the Atonement,
which was published in New York. He was
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 10/
the author of a Prize Tract on the Statistics of
Intemperance, which was pubh'shed by the
National Temperance Society. He also pub-
lished books entitled, **The Mourner Com-
forted," and "The Early Saved." Some of
his sermons were published in the Lutheran
Preacher, and some in the National Preacher,
He also wrote for our church papers and for
our Quarterly Review.
He spent the passing years industriously
and effectively in winning souls for Christ, in
earnestly advocating the cause of temperance
and of Sunday-schools, and in leading an hon-
orable and useful Christian life, which was
protracted much beyond the average of minis-
terial labor.
He closed his life peacefully and hopefully.
Among his papers is one dated August 1st,
1 876, in which he takes a retrospect of life, and
says : " In looking over my past life, I bless
God for allowing me to preach the gospel of
Christ for upwards of forty years. I never felt
better than when I was thus engaged. My only
regret is that I have not accomplished more
for his glory. I have often felt at seasons of
the communion that it was actually a foretaste
I08 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
of heaven upon the earth. My prayer to God
is —
" ' Not in my innocence I trust —
I bow before thee in the dust ;
And in my Saviour's blood alone,
I look for mercy at Thy throne.'
" My epitaph upon the tombstone shall be,
*The Children's Friend.' I desire these two
hymns sung at my funeral, 'Just as I am, with-
out one plea,' and * Rock of Ages.' "
The fear of death had been removed. He
contemplated his departure with satisfaction ;
and he died in the faith, full of years and full
of Christian hope. He now reaps the reward
of a well-spent life, and his works do follow
him.
Note by the Editor. — The Rev. Adam Crownse was
born in Sharon, Schoharie county, N. Y., in the year
1 797. He received his first religious impressions from
the instructions of his pious parents, and when quite a
youth, was confirmed by the Rev. Henry Moeller,
then pastor of the Lutheran church in Sharon. He
entered Hartwick Seminary in 1820, and pursued a
thorough classical and theological course under Rev.
Dr. Hazelius. He was ordained by the New York
Ministerium in 1828. He spent forty-one years in the
active duties of the ministry. On several occasions
Rev. J. Z. SENDERLING, D. D.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. IO9
REV. J. Z. SENDERLING, D. D.
In presenting an obituary of this highly-
esteemed and venerable Christian gentleman
and faithful minister of Jesus, nothing more
touching or appropriate could be offered than
the following very chaste tribute from the pen
of Rev. L. D. Wells, of Canajoharie. This
tribute brother Wells read as chairman of the
obituary committee of Hartwick Synod, at its.
forty- eighth annual convention, at Stone Arabia,
in 1878:
REPORT.
Your obituary committee would respectfully
offer the following:
"In the President's report of a year ago,
under the item sickness, we read that ' Rev. Dr.
J. Z. Senderling expects to be prevented from
attending Synod by sickness, not so much his
own, as that of his wife ;* and then follows the
doctor's touching request, ' It would be very
ne was elected President of Synod. He preached his
last sermon in the church at Guilderland, on Sabbath,
the 1st day of May, 1864; and died on the 13th of
May, 1865, aged 68 years. He was buried at Guilder-
land.
no MEMORIAL VOLUME.
soothing to her oft-troubled heart if the dear
brethren would remember her in their prayers/
At that time two were grinding at the mill, still
keeping in feebleness the post of duty and
fidelity. But now the one has been taken
and the other left, and after the manner of an
oft-repeated surprise that to our wondering
question, why? makes no answer, so in this
instance the stronger was called away from the
service, and the weaker was commanded to
tarry.
" The one for whom our prayers were re-
quested still lingers, bearing the cross of
human infirmity; while he who gave such
promise of hearty old age was suddenly
stricken down, and welcomed to the land un-
touched by the breath of the destroyer.
" He reigns in peace, and needeth not our prayers,
Who sits enthroned as one of Christ's joint heirs.**
* How is the strong stafif broken and the beau-
tiful rod.* The subject of this notice, Re^.
J. Z. Senderling, D. D., was suddenly called
from the threshold of his earthly home to his
rest and reward in the heavenly mansions on
the 20th day of December, 1S77, in Johnstown,
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. Ill
N. Y. On the previous day he had been seen
upon the streets, apparently in the enjoyment
of his usual health and spirits ; so unexpect-
edly came the summons for his departure.
On the Monday following his death the funeral
services were held and largely attended in the
Lutheran church of which he had been the
beloved pastor for several years. His pastor,
Rev. Dr. Felts, conducted the services, and
preached an appropriate discourse upon John
v. 35. The resident pastors of the village and
several of our own denomination were present,
to bear their respective tributes of Christian
regard and affection for the memory of the
sainted father in Israel. It was a day of pub-
lic sorrow, for Dr. Senderling was one beloved
by all who respected and revered the Master.
From an obituary notice prepared at the time
by Dr. Felts, and published in one of the vil-
lage papers, I am permitted to make the follow-
ing extracts:
" ' The Doctor was born in the city of Phil-
adelphia, November 12, 1800, and had there-
fore passed the age of seventy-seven years
at his demise. He was baptized and con-
firmed according to the usages of the Luth-
112 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
eran Church, by Dr. Philip Mayer, who for
more than fifty years was pastor of St. John's
church of Philadelphia. His pastor, observing
his youthful thirst for knowledge and desire
for Christian usefulness, advised him to pre-
pare for the gospel ministry — this advice was
promptly accepted, and its preparatory work
begun. In the autumn of 1817, he entered
Hartwick Classical and Theological Seminary,
in Otsego county, N. Y., where he spent seven
years. He was a diligent student in the Sem-
inary, and graduated with honors. Immedi-
ately thereafter he was licensed to preach the
gospel, and at once took charge of a small
church in Clay, Onondaga county, N. Y. In
1826, two years after his entrance into the min-
istry, he accepted a call to Centre Brunswick,
Rensselaer county, N. Y.
"'About this time he was married to the
daughter of a Moravian clergyman, who, as to
piety and culture, was well qualified for the
responsible position thereby assumed; and
there were passed twenty-five of the most
eventful years of his busy life. After his
resignation of the pastorate at Centre Bruns-
wick, he made the city of Troy his home for
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. II3
three years, spending the most of his time
among the churches in efforts to create an en-
larged interest in the cause of Foreign Mis-
sions. In him the heathen had an unwearied
advocate and a warm, sympathetic friend.
This Synod cannot forget the eloquence of his
tears, which easily flowed along with his per-
suasive appeals when the subject of Foreign
Missions was before the house. For a num-
ber of years he was Corresponding Secretary
of the Board of Foreign Missions of his church,
and in this, as in every other station he was
called to fill, he was a faithful and efficient
worker. In the spring of 1850, he received
and accepted a unanimous call as pastor of St.
Paul's Lutheran church, of Johnstown, N. Y.
His pastorate there extended over a period of
eleven years. Under his faithful supervision
the church grew in numbers and in spiritual
might. He not only preached the gospel from
the pulpit, but carried it to the homes of the
people also; thus fulfilling the divine injunc-
tion, "As ye go, preach." He has left the
record of 3,349 pastoral visits during his eleven
years of service in Johnstown. In the spring
of 1867, he resigned the charge of St. Paul's,
8
114 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
and thereafter, until his death, lived a retired
life, preaching occasionally for the brethren of
his own and of other churches. He loved his
calling as an ambassador of Christ, and on the
Lord's day, when not in the pulpit, was a regu-
lar and devout hearer of the Word. But he
worships no more in temples made by hands.
The servant has been called to stand nearer
his Master. Using his own words, we confi-
dently echo his faith : " Home, home at last,
with glorified millions in the presence of Jesus,
in the new and heavenly Jerusalem." ** We a
little longer wait, but how little none can know."
In the general assembly and church of the
first-born, crowned with that sweet rest which
faithful service receives, he now looks down
upon us, and through the medium of his works
which follow him, says to each and all, " Be
faithful, and hope to the end for the grace that
is to be brought unto you at the revelation of,"
etc. " The memory of the just is blessed."
May that memory be to us one of the precious
joys of our remaining pilgrimage, and when,
one after the other, we drop out of the ranks,
may it be with us as it was with him, loins
girded, sword in hand, the vision of faith un-
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. II 5
clouded, ready to answer, Lord, here am I,
for thou didst call me/ *'
REV. PHILIP WIETING.
BY THE EDITOR.
A very extended and interesting memoir of
Rev. P. Wieting, written by the Rev. H. L.
Dox, has already been given to the church.
As, however, he was one of the founders of the
Hartwick Synod, it has been deemed appro-
priate to insert a brief notice of him in this
Memorial Volume.
Mr. Wieting was a son of Rev. Christopher
Wieting, and was born in the town of Minden,
Montgomery county, N. Y., on 23d September^
i8cx>. Whilst but a lad, his father died, leav-
ing him with other children to the care of a
devoted Christian mother. She early conse-
crated him to the ministry, and her prayers
and teachings no doubt exerted great influence
in forming his character.
In 18 18 he entered Hartwick Seminary, and
took an extended and thorough course of
instruction under that able professor. Rev. Dr.
Hazelius. He completed his education in 1825.
Il6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
In early life he had attended a course of cat-
echetical instruction under his father, and had
been admitted to the church by the rite of
confirmation. He seems, however, not to have
experienced any decided change in his religious
character untij after he entered the Seminary.
He professed to have been converted during
his sojourn there, under a sermon preached by
that noted evangelist, Rev. Charles G. Finney.
During the summer of 1825, he commenced
preaching at Le Roy, Jefferson county, N. Y.,
under the direction of his theological professor.
On the 6th of September, 1825, he was licensed
to preach, at the same time with Messrs. Jacob
Berger and J. W. Eyer, by the New York
Ministerium, at Rhinebeck, Dutchess county.
He was ordained by the same body at its ses-
sion at Cobleskill, N. Y., on 3d of September,
1826. After his ordination, he spent nearly
two years laboring as a missionary in what was
then known as " The Black River Country,"
making his home at Lowville, in Lewis county,
N.Y.
On the 1st of November, 1828, he received
and accepted a call from the churches at
Sharon and Durlach, afterwards New Rhine-
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 11/
beck, in Schoharie county. Here he located,
and here he spent the greater part of his minis-
terial life, running through a period of forty
years.
In 1830, Mr. Wieting took an active part in
the formation of the Hartwick Synod, and was
one of its chief founders. He was in ardent
sympathy with the Synod in its efforts in be-
half of Temperance and of Revivals. In the
latter movement especially, he was very con-
spicuous, and during many of the revivals
which occurred in the first few years after the
organization of Synod, he preached with re-
markable power, and with great success. Very
many were awakened and converted by his
earnest and faithful presentation of the great
truths of the Gospel.
In 1836, in company with the Revs. J. D.
Lawyer, L. Swackhamer and William Ott-
man, Mr. Wieting withdrew from the Hartwick
Synod, and organized the Franckean Synod,
thus producing a serious division in our Synod,
as well as in many of our churches. As this
rupture is fully discussed in the " Historical
Address," it is not deemed necessary to make
any further reference to it here.
Il8 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
On the 1st of October, 1868, Mr. Wieting
preached what is termed his " Fortieth Anni-
versary and Valedictory," at Gardnersville, and
repeated it at Lawyersville the following Sab-
bath. At both these places, Mr. Wieting had
organized congregations and erected churches,
and these were amongst the fruits of his min-
istry. It was amongst these people that he
had preached acceptably and usefully for the
period of forty years. This, as far as is known,
was the last sermon he ever preached.
Mr. Wieting closed his eventful and laborious
career at Cobleskill, N. Y., September 7th,
1869, aged 68 years, 11 months and 16 days.
He was buried at Slate Hill Cemetery, in the
town of Sharon, Schoharie county, N. Y. The
funeral services took place on the 9th of Sep-
tember, in the presence of an immense con-
course of people, who had come to manifest
their reverence for the deceased preacher. The
Rev. N. Van Alstine delivered an able and
appropriate sermon. Rev. A. P. Ludden also
paid a just tribute to the memory of Brother
Wieting. Few men have labored more faith-
fully and successfully in his sphere than he did.
Few have exerted a greater influence, and
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. II9
few have done as much as he did in impressing
his character upon those amongst whom he
exercised the pastoral office. He was a man
of undoubted piety, great integrity, and enlarged
benevolence. Hundreds have been led to
Christ through his instrumentality, who will
bless God for his ministry, and hundreds still
cherish his memory with the warmest Christian
affection.
LAMBERT SWACKHAMER.
BY REV. JAMES PITCHER, A. M.
In the thickly-populated little graveyard at
Hartwick Seminary, there is an unpretending
marble slab with this simple inscription :
Rev. L. Swackhamer.
DIED
NOV. 2, 1857,
Aged 52 years, 6 months and 1 1 days.
** Thou hast been faithful over a few things,
I will make thee ruler over many things."
This is all the information that a strangfer
would gather from this source concerning the
life of an earnest but unassuming Christian
I20 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
and successful herald of the cross t)f Christ ;
but to those who are more or less acquainted
With the history and progress of the Lutheran
Church in this State, this inscription brings to
mind the greater fact that here rests only the
remains of one of those concerning whom the
Revelator says : " And I heard a voice from
heaven saying unto me, Write, Blessed are the
dead which die in the Lord from henceforth :
Yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from
their labors; and their works do follow
them."
Rev. Lambert Swackhamer was born at
German Valley, Morris county, New Jersey,
on the 2 1st day of April, 1805. Being fully
persuaded that he had a call to the sacred
ministry, he entered Hartwick Seminary to
receive his preparatory and theological educa-
tion, and in 183 1 graduated from that institu-
tion, receiving the following testimonial :
" This is to certify that Mr. Lambert Swackhamer,
late student of divinity at Hartwick Seminary, has
finished a regular course of theological studies at
said Seminary, and the Professors of the same feel
pleasure in giving him this testimonial of his diligent
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 121
attention to study, and the excellent moral and re-
ligious character which he has sustained.
"George B. Miller, S. T. P.. Principal j^
"C. B. Thummel, Asst Professor,
** By order of the Board of Trustees of Hartwick
Seminary, Jos. D. Husbands, Secretary,
"Septembet i, 1831."
On the 9th of September of the sarne year,
he was licensed by the New York Ministerium,
at its session held at Schaghticoke, Rensselaer
county. His license bears the signatures of
Rev. Dr. Aug. Wackerhagen and Rev. Jacob
Berger, president and secretary of the Minis-
terium. Two years later, September 24. 1833,
he was ordained at Dansville, Livingston
count}'', by the Hartwick Synod. His ordina-
tion certificate is signed by Rev. Adam Crownse,
president, and Rev. J. D. Lawyer, secretary.
Immediately on receiving his license, Mr.
Swackhamer entered upon his work at Man-
heim and " The Osquack," Herkimer* county.
Two years later he discontinued his labors at
The Osquack, but continued at Manheim for
nine years, making his term of service in that
field eleven years. In connection with his
labors at Manheim, he formed congregations at
122 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Newville and Minden. After eleven years of
laborious service in this, his first field of labor,
he was obliged, on account of ill health, to re-
sign his charge.
After a respite of one year, during which he
divided his time between South Carolina, New
Jersey and Otsego county, N. Y., he returned
to the active duties of the ministry by accept-
ing a call to Lebanon, Hunterdon county, N. J.
Here he formed a congregation and built a
church. After five years service in this field,
he returned to New York, and about the istof
April, 1849. became pastor of the churches at
Berne and Gallupville. This relation continued
for five years and three months, when he re-
signed to accept a call from the church at
Rockville, near Sharon Springs. His service
here began July 14th, 1854, and continued up
to within six weeks of his death.
From the dates already given, we learn that
Mr. Swackhamer spent twenty-five years in
the active ministry, and died as he had lived,
with the harness on. Scores, and even hun-
dreds of sinners had been awakened by his
earnest preaching and exhortation, and we
doubt not that many of these will rise up at
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 23
the last day and call him blessed, because he
was the means of their salvation. We have no
record of the number of souls gathered into
the church during his ministrations, but in his
first charge we learn that the number was one
hundred and fifty-one.
On the 19th of June, 1828, Mr. Swackhamer
married Jennet McNaughton, Rev. J. Z. Sen-
derling being the officiating clergyman. Four
daughters and one son were born to them, and
except the son, who died in 1875, they all are
still living. Mrs. Swackhamer now resides
at Hartwick Seminary with Mrs. Charles Wit-
beck, one of her daughters.
REV. DAVID EYSTER, A. M.
BY MRS. R. M. EYSTER.
The ancestors of the Rev. David Eyster
emigrated to America from Germany, early
in the eighteenth century; his grandfather,
Elias Eyster, having been born in Berks county,
Pa., in 1732.
Mr. Eyster\s father subsequently settled in
Adams county. Pa., where he was united in
marriage to Mary M. Slagel — also of German
124 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ancestry, her grandfather, Christopher Slagel,
having emigrated from Saxony at the begin-
ning of the eighteenth century.
Rev. David Eyster, the youngest son of
George and Mary Eyster, was born June ist,
1802, in Adams county. Pa.
Having in his early years chosen the min-
istry of reconciliation for the great business of
his life, he commenced the studies preparatory
to his high calling in the Gettysburg Academy,
and subsequently continued them in the Acad-
emy of York, Pa., until qualified to enter Dick-
inson College, Carlisle, Pa., from which institu-
tion he was graduated in 1824, and soon after
commenced his theological studies under the
Rev. Dr. Lochman, in Harrisburg, Pa.
After completing the regular course of the-
ological study, Mr. Eyster was licensed to
preach the Gospel by the Evangelical Lutheran
Ministerium of Pennsylvania. After his licen-
sure he was appointed as missionary for three
months, to the Lutheran Church in Philadel-
phia, where he was instrumental in keeping
together the little flock that has since grown
into the church of St. Matthew. He was
requested to remain longer, but declined, and
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 12$
accepted a call to several churches in the
vicinity of Martinsburgand Shepherdstown,Va.
Having served these congregations for some
time, Mr. Eyster resigned all but two, and in
connection with these acted as principal of the
Female Academy of Martinsburg, Va.
In 1 83 1 Mr. Eyster retired from his field of
labor in Virginia; and after making an ex-
tended tour among our infant churches in the
Western States, he accepted a call to the Lu-
theran church in Dansville, New York. Mr.
Eyster's stay in Dansville was not long, as he
resigned the charge in 1835. But short as it
was, the members of the church had become
so much attached to him, that efforts were
made more than once to induce him to return
to them ; and although other engagements at
first, and afterwards declining health, prevented
him from acceding to their wishes, he ever
cherished a most affectionate remembrance of
his friends in Dansville and its neighborhood.
In January, 1835, ^^* Eyster received a call
from the Evangelical Lutheran Church of
Johnstown, New York ; the call being signed
by John Hough, Frederic Plank, Michael
Plantz, Martin Selmser, Elders ; Peter I.
126 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Coughnet, Nicholas Carncross, Bultis Moore,
Deacons ; John Hillabrant, Godfrey Moore,
Frederic Moore, and Martin Moore, Trustees.
In Johnstown it may be said that the life-
work of Mr. Eyster commenced. The mem-
bers of the congregation, though worshiping
in the village, were scattered over a large dis-
trict of country, both north and south of the
Church, and it required great activity and per-
severance to visit from " house to house " to
encourage the penitent, reprove the back-
sliding and lukewarm, and comfort the sick
and bereaved ; but all who knew Mr. Eyster at
that time will acknowledge that " to his power,
yea, and beyond his power," he " gave attend-
ance to these things." At an early period of
Mr. Eyster's ministry in Johnstown, a colony
was formed of the more remote members of the
charge, who, with the active co-operation of the
pastor, built a church, in which he preached
for many years, in connection with his Johns-
town church. This church has long since
become self-sustaining, and is known as the
church of West Amsterdam.
Remaining for a period of twenty years in
the same pastorate, Mr. Eyster was enabled to
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 12/
see the fruits of his labors in an eminent
degree. The ordinary means of grace and
several precious seasons of revival were greatly
blessed, and many, very many, souls were
"born into the kingdom," who will be his
crown of rejoicing during a blissful eternity.
But twenty years of toil began to tell upon
the constitution of the faithful pastor. Nerv-
ousness and sleepless nights, as a conse-
quence, for years had been increasing upon
him; and in 1855 he tendered his resignation,
which, while it was approved by most of the
membership, was opposed to the last by friends
who loved him too well to part with him, even
when duty seemed to demand it Mr. Eyster's
last discourse was, no doubt, long remem-
bered by his deeply-affected people. It was
based on the words of St. Paul: "Finally,
brethren, farewell." He showed those to
whom he had so long ministered that he
wished them to fare well^ in the best and
highest sense of the word. From Johnstown
Mr. E. removed to Allentown, Pa.
After remaining for some time in Allentown,
Pa., Mr. Eyster, in 1856, removed with his
family to Gettysburg, Pa., principally with a
128 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
view to the education of his two sons in Penn-
sylvania College, located in that place.
Mr. Eyster never had a regular charge after
leaving Johnstown, but he never refused an
invitation to preach, if he thought duty was
clear, and health permitted. His time was
principally taken up with the duties devolving
upon him as principal of the Gettysburg
Female Institute. It was hoped that change
of climate and out-door exercise would recu-
perate his system and be of permanent advan-
tage to his health ; but the All-wise Ruler of
events willed otherwise ; for, notwithstanding
all that was done to arrest the progress of dis-
ease, his health slowly declined, and after
being confined to his couch for several weeks,
he calmly fell asleep in Jesus, on the 7th of
December, 1861, surrounded by his afflicted
family and other kind relatives and friends,
who had tenderly cared for him during his
protracted illness. His remains lie interred in
the beautiful cemetery adjoining the town of
Gettysburg. A simple marble headstone
marks the place of sepulture, with the name
and age of the deceased, and the all-consoling
words of our Saviour (John xi. 25): "I am the
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 29
resurrection and the life : he that believeth in
me, though he were dead, yet shall he live."
Mr. Eyster's natural reserve, as well as his
deep humility, prevented him from alluding
with frequency to his personal feelings on the
near prospect of death ; but his faith was firm,
and his anticipations joyous. In repeated con-
versations with the late Rev. Dr. Schmucker,
during the course of his illness, he spoke, says
the Doctor, with deep emotion of the fullness
and freeness of the Gospel plan of salvation ;
and he adds : " A more peaceful end no one
could describe or desire."
Mr. Eyster united with the Hartwick Synod
at its session in 1831, and until the close of his
life retained a warm affection for it ; and that
the Synod valued him, was shown by its con-
ferring upon him, at different times, the offices
of Treasurer, Secretary and President. He
remained in connection with the Hartwick
Synod until a year or two before his death,
when he united with the Synod of West Penn-
sylvania. As a preacher, Mr. Eyster was at
the same time doctrinal and practical. He
occasionally preached a whole course of doc-
trinal sermons, beginning with the existence of
9
130 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
an Almighty Creator of all things, and continu-
ing through the most important doctrines of
our holy religion. Yet he never preached a
sermon that he did not conclude with a practi-
cal application. He seemed to have the most
interested and attentive of hearers, and it may
be that his plain and instructive way of preach-
ing had much to do with their habit of atten-
tention. Those who heard Mr. Eyster but
occasionally, and in the pulpits of other minis-
ters, could not form a correct estimate of his
abilities as a preacher. Among his own people
his discourses were ever of a highly evangelical
character. Avoiding all controversy, he de-
lighted to dwell on the plain doctrines of the
cross — justification by faith alone, and a life of
holy obedience as evidence of the reality of
that faith — were ever prominent themes in all
his discourses. He never feared to deliver the
whole counsel of God ; and so faithful was he
in pointing out those sins which should exclude
from the communion, that such as felt they
were guilty would withdraw from the church,
or, with penitential tears, acknowledge their
fault, and promise to guard against all sin for
the future. But diffident even to a fault, Mr.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I3I
Eyster's self-possession often failed him when
preaching for others, or when ministers or other
persons of superior abilities were present,
and thus his sermons lost much of their power.
But, under whatever circumstances he preached,
all that he said was on the side of plain, practi-
tical godliness; and throughout the whole of his
manuscript sermons (and he has left some hun-
dreds of them), there runs the same strain of
fervent piety. To quote from Dr. Kurtz, in the
Lutheran Observer of February 28, 1862 : "Mr.
Eyster was a classical, well-educated, unpretend-
ing, sound and sensible preacher, * * * de-
cided in his Christian faith, unaffected and un-
assuming in his manners, distrustful of his own
abilities, though of a high order, modest and
diffident perhaps to a fault, yet never afraid to
avow his convictions when duty demanded it."
" The prostration of his nervous system in-
creased his timidity, and rendered him doubly
sensitive to the trying occurrences of life ; and
if, at such a disadvantage, he was able to
maintain a reasonable degree of equanimity, it
is more than many good men, suffering under
like ailments, have been able to do."
Although Mr. Eyster was descended from a
132 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
German ancestry, he did not understand the
German language — at least, to any extent —
until he commenced his theological studies;
but he then applied himself with so much
earnestness to its acquisition, that he became a
good German scholar; and although he was
not obliged to preach German in his own
charge while in Johnstown, he occasionally
preached with great acceptance to the Ger-
mans in the neighboring town of Bliicher.
Mr. Eyster has left a translation from the Ger-
man of Semler, of Biblical and Jewish An-
tiquities, almost ready for the press.
Mr. Eyster occasionally wrote for the Ob-
sewer^ and one of his sermons was published
in the Lutheran Preacher,
One of Mr. Eyster*s striking characteristics
was a remarkably clear and correct judgment.
This led him to place the right estimate upon
men and things ; while in an age of extremes
it kept him close to his Bible and his God, and
made him a valuable counselor, both in eccle-
siastical affairs and in the social and domestic
circles.
Another prominent trait was good taste.
No one ever heard him speak of what effect he
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 33
had produced, or what he had achieved. To
quote again from Dr. Kurtz, " He was no
trifler, no retailer of stale and coarse anec-
dotes, nor dealer in slang or vulgar sayings ;
cheerful without levity, and habitually con-
sistent in his walk and conversation, he was an
ornament to his profession, and a man whom
his acquaintances could not fail to esteem and
love."
At his death, Mr. Eyster left a widow and
two sons to mourn his loss, having been united
in marriage in 1840 to Miss Rebecca M. Rey-
nolds, sister of the late Rev. Dr. W. M. Rey-
nolds, then professor in Pennsylvania College.
His two sons were carefully educated, and are
both graduates of Pennsylvania College, and
are at present engaged in literary and scientific
pursuits.
Mr. Eyster ever retained the most affection-
ate regard for those to whom he had so long
ministered in Johnstown, N. Y. ; and much
might be said, without any attempt at undue
praise, of their sincere and intelligent piety,
their noble generosity, and their unfailing
kindness to their minister and his family. But
time has wrought its changes; and many, espec-
134 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
lally of the older members, have departed, and
are now, we trust, re-united to their beloved
pastor in that ** better land," where "The Lamb
which is in the midst of the throne shall feed
them, and shall lead them unto living fountains
of waters ; and God shall wipe away all tears
from their eyes."
REV. GEORGE B. MILLER, D. D.
BY REV. ALBERT WALDRON, A. M.
Although Dr. Miller was never a member of
the Hartwick Synod, yet inasmuch as he was
intimately identified with its interests as Pro-
fessor of Theology in our Seminary, and the
educator of so many of our pastors, it has
been deemed very appropriate to insert a mem-
oir of him in this volume. It was written by
one of his former students. Rev. Albert Wal-
dron.
Rev. George B. Miller, D. D., was born at
Emaus, Pa., June loth, 1795. His father.
Rev. George G. Miller, was a native of Ger-
many; his mother was of French descent.
From eight until nearly sixteen years of age,
he attended an English and classical school.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 35
During the last few months ot this course,
attention was given to theological studies. We
next find him occupied in Philadelphia, with
teaching, and afterwards in a mercantile estab-
lishment. In August, 1813. he again engaged
in teaching as an assistant of the Rev. Dr.
Hazelius, an eminent Lutheran clergyman, in
an Academy at New Germantown, N. J. There
his theological studies were resumed under Dr.
Hazelius. Dr. Miller was married July 15th,
1 8 16. After this he taught elsewhere in New
Jersey. In 181 8 he went to Canajoharie,
N. Y., where he remained nine years. Dur-
ing this time he established at that place a
classical school, and having been ordained to
the ministry, also laid the foundation of a Lu-
theran congregation, both of which still con-
tinue. In 1827 he again became an assistant
of Dr. Hazelius, who had in 1815 become
Principal of the Classical and Theological Sem-
inary at Hartwick, Otsego county, N. Y. In
1830 he was appointed Principal and Professor
of Theology, Dr. Hazelius having accepted
a call to the Theological Seminary at Gettys-
burg, Pa. In consequence of ill health, and
for other reasons, Dr. Miller resigned his posi-
136 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
tion in the fall of 1839. He subsequently
came to Dansville and resumed teaching.
While here he published "The Dansville
Grammar," printed at Dansville, N. Y., by A.
Stevens. Dr. Miller subsequently prepared
Greek, French and other grammars, his stud-
ents being required to copy them. His French
grammar would undoubtedly have been pub-
lished, had not Ollendorf s system appeared at
about the time the manuscript was ready for
the printer.
In 1844, Dr. Miller, by invitation of the
trustees of the Seminary, returned to Hartwick
as Professor of Theology, which position he
continued to occupy the remainder of his life.
He was a man of much learning, and of un-
common accuracy in his knowledge. Many
of his pupils will remember how well he used
to illustrate the valueless nature of inaccurate
learning by the story of the old lady, who,
about to purchase some indigo, remarked that
good indigo would sink or swim, but she
couldn't tell which. In style, in spelling, in
pronunciation, in whatever he undertook, accu-
racy was sought after. As a teacher he was
patient and thorough. " Repetition,'* he used
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 37
to say, "clinches the nail." He loved his work.
A daughter-in-law of the Doctor once told the
writer that her father had said, during the pre-
ceding vacation, that if he could always have a
seminary full of such students as a certain one
named it would be all that he asked for in this
life. Of course he was speaking then of his
occupation merely, and of his delight in it. He
was a hard worker, although possessed of
rather a frail constitution. Required to teach
but six hours a day, he nevertheless, for years,
without any extra pay, taught from eight to
ten hours per day. Besides teaching, he
preached regularly every Sunday morning,
conducted the Sunday evening prayer-meeting,
and presided at the Monday evening meetings
of the Theological Society. He found exer-
cise in his garden, or in rapid walks, often with
some genial companion, who never failed to
profit by his sociability, cheerful conversation,
and instruction drawn from the simplest objects.
In his family. Dr. Miller ever was, says one
of his daughters, a kind husband, a sympathiz-
ing father, a judicious friend. He reared a
large and noble family of children, excellent
examples of good training and Christian nur-
138 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ture and admonition. In July, 1866, the
golden wedding of Dr. and Mrs. Miller was
celebrated at Hartwick — an event which I
doubt not will be remembered by those who
were present as one of the pleasantest incidents
in their lives. The presents amounted to
nearly one thousand dollars. A son, Rev.
Geo. Hazelius Miller, died soon after entering
the ministry. Five daughters became clergy-
men's wives, all of whom, with their husbands,
are still living. Rev. Dr. Sternberg, one of
the sons-in-law, will be remembered as having
formerly been the pastor of the English Luth-
eran church in Dansville. Dr. Sternberg was
Principal of Hartwick Seminary from 185 1 to
1864, and is now residing at Fort Harker,
[188 1, Ellsworth] Kansas.
A volume of Dr. Miller's sermons was
published in i860. His preaching was not
of the popular character which in the pres-
ent day gives celebrity, but was, nevertheless,
thoroughly orthodox and evangelical. His
style was accurate and perspicuous. He did
not follow creeds so much as he did the Bible.
He was not given to denunciation of those
who differed from him. Those who knew him
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 39
well, will testify that his words were always
those of good will to men. In discipline he
was fatherly, but strict. An evidence of his
amiability and liberal feelings may be seen,
further, in the terms he employed when speak-
ing of others ; thus he used to say, not " the
Presbyterians," " the Methodists," *' the rebels,"
but " our Presbyterian brethren," " our Metho-
dist brethren," " our Southern brethren," etc.;
for said he, speaking of the South, " We will
continue to call them brethren, although err-
ing brethren, even though they may not own
us as such." In controversy, of which he was
by no means fond, he always endeavored to
avoid unkind and unchristian feelings.
Six years with Dr. Miller, in the recitation
room and in various other relations, gave me
an opportunity to know him well ; and I may
say, that I have never known a man in whose
piety I had greater confidence, or whom I
think of with greater esteem and affection as a
model Christian. He was always a Christian,
in all cases and places. His piety was not of
a bigoted nor sectarian sort, but intelligent
faith, hope, and charity. His social qualities
were, also, of a superior order. He exhibited
140 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
much vivacity and true politeness which
springs from kindness of heart. In movement
he was sprightly. As may be supposed, he
was beloved by all.
His life was one of great labor, activity and
usefulness, yet his reward pecuniarily was
comparatively small ; but we are sure that his
reward is great in the good he has done in the
world, and we are assured that his reward is
correspondingly great in heaven. Thither he
has gone to join loved ones gone before.
Charlotte, a daughter, one of the most amiable
and truly polite l^ies that I ever knew, pre-
ceded him not long since.
Dansville, N. F., April ij, i86g.
REV. JOHN SELMSER.
BY REV. WM. HULL.
Rev. John Selmser was born in the town of
Perth, in Fulton county, in the State of New
York, on the 19th day of March, 1806. He
consecrated himself in early life to the work of
the Gospel ministry, in the Lutheran Church ;
and to prepare himself for this life-work, he
pursued classical and theological studies at
Hartwick Seminary.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I4I
On the 27th of September, 183 1, at a ses-
sion of the Hartwick Synod, held in Johns-
town, Fuhon county, he was licensed to preach
the Gospel ; and in the following year, at a
meeting of the same ecclesiastical body, in
Schoharie, on the 23d of October, 1832, he
was ordained to the Gospel ministry. He was
then laboring at Summit, Schoharie county.
His ordination certificate is signed by Rev.
George A. Lintner as President, and John D.
Lawyer as Secretary, of Synod.
His first pastoral charge was at Summit, and
while there he organized a Lutheran church in
Richmondville, an adjacent village, which
ultimately became a self-sustaining congrega-
tion, and which has recently enlarged and
beautified its house of worship.
On the 24th of May, 1832, he was married
at Hartwick Seminary to Miss Celinda B.
Armstrong, who still survives, and who bore
him six children, three of whom, a son and
two daughters, are living.
In the summer of 1835, while still laboring at
Summit, Richmondville and South Worcester
(at which latter place he had a short time before
organized a Lutheran church of twenty mem-
142 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
bers) he made a missionary tour to the western
part of the State. Rev. Adam Crownse. the
President of the Hartwick Synod, said in his
report to that body in the autumn of 1835,
" Some time in May last I received a commu-
nication from brother Selmser, in which he
gave notice that he intended to take a tour for
the purpose of visiting and reviving the hopes
of our destitute people through the western
part of this State.*'
Of that tour the Missionary Committee in
their report to Synod said : " In the course of
last summer, the Rev. John Selmser performed
a missionary tour through the western part of
this State, and visited many of the destitute
congregations belonging to our Synod in that
region. He preached at Clay five times, and
found a very interesting state of religion in our
Church in that place. =»'**"
" At Oswego he spent upwards of a week,
preached a number of times, and formed a
congregation about three miles from the vil-
lage, consisting of about twenty-five members.
He states that in the village of Oswego there is
every prospect of establishing a Lutheran
church, if we could only obtain the services of
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 43
a minister. There are already several Luth-
eran families in the place, who would readily
and anxiously co-operate in such a measure,
and the population seem generally favorably
inclined to the building and supporting of a
church.
" From Oswego^ brother Selmser passed
through different settlements in the county of
Wayne, where he found the people destitute of
the means of grace, and where there is great
need of missionary labor. * * * ''
" At Rochester is a Lutheran church recently
formed exclusively of German emigrants from
Europe, and under the pastoral care of Rev.
Mr. Fetter, a member of the Evangelical Synod
of New York. Brother Selmser . is of the
opinion that this is a very favorable time for
the establishment of an English Lutheran
church at Rochester; and he has no doubt that
with proper exertions and the blessing of God,
such an object might be accomplished in a
short time. There are already several families
in the place, who are very anxious for such an
establishment, and who would do all in their
power to promote it.
*' Brother Selmser also preached at Rush to
144 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
a small congregation under the charge of Rev.
Mr. Fetter. He visited Dansville and preached
several times at the church at that place. He
preached also at Sparta, * * *
" From Dansville^ on his return home,
brother Selmser passed through several im-
portant fields of labor, such as Cayreta River,
Cole's settlement, in Broome county. In most
of these places he. found but little attention to
religion, and the people lamentably deficient in
the knowledge and service of God."
After four years spent in Summit and Rich-
mondville, brother Selmser went to Lockport,
where he founded the Lutheran church there,
and labored in that field nearly ten years.
Thence he removed to Dansville^ where he
remained eight years. He was then called
to Schaghticoke^ and labored there five years.
Next he served the Lutheran church of Rich-
mond^ Indiana, a year and a half, when he
removed to Plymouth^ Ohio, where he minis-
tered five years, when, on account of the health
of his wife, he returned to his native State;
preaching three years at Livingston^ six years
at Dansville^ and finally closing his ministry of
forty-four years at Rickmondville, where he
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I45
began it, after living there the second time
about a year. He died very suddenly on the
5th of July, 1875. His funeral was held in
his church, where he had ministered in full
health the preceding Sabbath. It was largely
attended by the congregation and by minis-
terial brethren. He was buried in the beauti-
ful new cemetery at Richmondville, where his
mortal remains repose awaiting the resurrec-
tion. Rev. William Hull, of Hudson, preached
the funeral discourse.
Brother Selmser was a man of fine pres-
ence, of genial and affectionate disposition, a
good speaker, and a zealous and industrious
worker. His journal shows the diligence with
which he pursued the work committed to his
hands. He accomplished much in building
up the Lutheran Church in the State of New
York.
In 1848 he stated in his journal that he had
been engaged in seventy protracted meetings ;
and fifteen years later he remarked that he had
labored in eighty- four revivals. His widow
writes, ** When you read of his preaching
nearly every evening, you may wonder what
time he had for study. I would say that he
146 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
invariably came home after preaching in the
evening, let the distance be two or ten miles.
He came home never complaining of fatigue,
but cheerful and happy ; consequently he was
ever fresh for his study in the morning."
Brother Selmser was a deeply pious and
spirtually-minded man. In his journal dated
Jan. I, 1848, when he was laboring at Dans-
ville, we find the following renewal of his cove-
nant with God :
" My Heavenly Father: As thou in thy
faithfulness hast permitted me safely to pass
another year, and hast enabled me to see this
day the commencement of a new year, and
that in the enjoyment of such special mercies,
I do most solemnly covenant and promise that,
with the riches of thy grace assisting me, I
will devote and renewedly dedicate the united
energies of my soul and body to the service of
thy cause, and to the honor and glory of thy
great name. And O, my Father, I beseech
thee, for thy dear Son's sake, my Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ, do thou graciously
accept this, the offering of my humble self,
upon the altar of thy mercy — accept my vows,
and take me into holy covenant with thyself.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I47
And grant unto me mercifully thy Good Spirit,
to enlighten my understanding and to sanctify
my heart, that I may faithfully perform my
vows and keep the covenant, to the honor of
thy great name. And at last, when all my
years shall have ended on earth, O take me
unto thyself to enjoy thy presence in thy king-
dom. Amen.
" John Selmser,
"The servant of the Lord.'*
" He being dead, yet speaketh."
" Servant of God, well done —
The glorious warfare past ;
The battle fought, the victory won,
And thou art crowned at last."
The two Foreign Missionaries, Walter Gunn and Wm.
E. Snyder.
REV. WALTER GUNN.
BY REV. G. A. LINTNER, D. D.,
Chairman of the Obituary Committee of Hart-
wick Synod in 18^2.
The Rev. Walter Gunn was born in the
county of Schoharie, N. Y., on 17th of June,
1817. He became hopefully pious, and con-
148 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
nected himself with the Evangelical Lutheran
Church in the year 1837. As soon as he
obtained evidence of an interest in the Saviour,
he gave himself unreservedly to the service of
his Master in the Foreign Missionary cause.
Having passed through a thorough course of
classical and theological studies, he was
licensed and became a member of this Synod
on 6th of September, 1842. In the year 1843
he received his appointment as Missionary to
India from the Foreign Missionary Society of
the Lutheran Church in the United States.
The same year he was ordained by this Synod
Missionary to the heathen, and sailed for Gun-
toor, his destined field of labor, where he
arrived with his wife on i8th of June, 1844.
He continued to labor successfully in the
work to which he had devoted himself for
the term of seven years. He died at Gun-
toor on 5th of July, 1851.
He was wholly devoted to the spiritual
interests of the people for whom he labored.
He loved the cause in which he was engaged
with undivided affection, and devoted himself
to his arduous and self-sacrificing duties with
untiring zeal. He was called from his work
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 49
in the midst of his usefulness, and when his
labors were much needed. Our little band of
Missionaries in India, have lost a brother who
\yas greatly beloved, and whose presence
seemed necessary to cheer and encourage
them in their work. But God in his myster-
ious providence has taken him away, and
blessed be his name for the savor of his holy
life which our departed brother has left to the
churches, and which will remain as long as
the Gospel shall be preached to the heathen.
Though dead, he yet lives. He lives in the
affections of those who mourn his loss, and
we of this Synod, who remain to cherish his
memory, are stimulated by his life of consecra-
tion to Christ and to duty, to seek higher
attainments in holiness and greater devoted-
ness to our Master's work.
The heathen, for whom he so faithfully lab-
ored, and some of whom were converted to
Christianity through his instrumentality, will
hold his name in grateful remembrance. We
who loved him for his work's sake and his
excellent character, would acknowledge the
wisdom and righteousness of the dispensation
which has removed him from his field of use-
150 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
fulness; and pray that it may be sanctified to
his fellow-laborers, and all who may succeed
him in the work to which he gave his life as a
sacrifice.
REV. WM. E. SNYDER.
FROM THE OBITUARY REPORT READ BEFORE HARTWICK
SYNOD, IN 1859, BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
The hearts of the members of this Synod
have been deeply afflicted by that mysterious,
but we doubt not, wise Providence, which,
during the past year, has removed two of our
brethren from the vineyard of the Lord, in
which they seemed to be laboring with such
flattering prospects of success.
The first one called to his reward was brother
William E. Snyder, our faithful and indefati-
gable missionary amongst the Telugus in
India. Brother Snyder, who was the son of
Mr. Andrew B. Snyder, was born near Pater-
son, N. J., in the year 1822. When quite a lad
he was sent to Hartwick Seminary. While
pursuing his studies there as a classical stu-
dent, he was made a subject of the renewing
power of Divine Grace. He was subsequently
graduated at Rutgers College, New Brunswick,
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I5I
N. J., and returning to Hartwick, took a
regular course in Theology. Upon complet-
ing his Theological studies, he was licensed
by the Hartwick Synod, but as he did not find
a suitable opening to preach the Gospel, he
acted for some time as an assistant teacher in
the Hartwick Seminary. He continued to
occupy this position with much credit to him-
self, until the year 1851, when, feeling it to be
his duty to go as a missionary to India, under
the care of our Foreign Missionary Society,
he resigned. He was ordained in the fall of
that year, at the same time with the Rev. W. I.
Cutter, who had accepted an appointment to
the same field.
Prior to his departure for India in 185 1,
Brother Snyder was married to Miss Susan St.
John, who, in a true missionary spirit, had con-
sented to share with him the toils and priva-
tions of missionary life. After a few years*
residence in India, Brother Snyder's wife fell a
victim to the climate of that unhealthy country,
leavfng a little girl, the only earthly solace of
her bereaved husband. Brother Snyder's health
having likewise become impaired, he found it
necessary to seek its restoration by a return to
America.
152 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
During his sojourn in this country, he visited
many of our churches and synods, and, it is
believed, was very successful in awakening
among our people a deeper interest in the
cause of Foreign Missions. His health having
been in great measure regained, he deter-
mined to return to India, which he did in the
early part of 1858 ; having been married a few
months previously to Miss Mary Orner. He
labored zealously and faithfully, endeavoring to
throw in upon the benighted heathen mind
the light of the blessed Gospel of the Son of
God. In the midst of his self-denying efforts
to plant the Cross in those regions of cruelty
and darkness, and at the very moment when
he seemed about to witness, in some measure
at least, the consummation of his hopes, he was
suddenly stricken down by cholera on the 28th
of March, 1859, and ceased "at once to labor
and to live."
We rejoice that Brother Snyder fell in the
midst of the battle, with his harness on ; and
though the Providence by which he was re-
moved may seem inscrutable, yet we bow be-
neath the rod with humble submission, being
fully persuaded that the Great Head of the
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 53
Church doeth all things well, and that from the
sacred dust of every missionary who sleeps in
heathen soil he will raise up many faithful wit-
nesses, who shall ultimately gather millions of
the superstitious and idolatrous nations unto
Christ, as trophies of his redeeming grace.
REV. JAMES R. KEISER.
BY MRS. E. M. KEISER.
[The following obituary is deemed not out of place;
for although brother Keiser left the Lutheran Church
and joined the Presbyterian, he was for many years
one of the most earnest as well as one of the ablest
and most faithful pastors in our Synod.]
Rev. James R. Keiser was born in Waynes-
boro, Augusta county, Va., September 28,
1812; was converted in the eighteenth year of
his age, and commenced his preparations for
the Gospel ministry at the College in Gettys-
burg in 1834. After graduating, he spent one
year in the Theological Seminary at that
place, finishing his course at Andover, Mass.
His ministerial labors commenced in the
year 1841 at Winchester, Va., which he left to
supply the pulpit of St. Matthew's church,
154 MEMORIAL VOmME.
Philadelphia, during the temporary absence of
its pastor (Dr. Stork) in pursuit of health.
In 1 843 he accepted a call to the charge of
the New Germantown and German Valley
churches, made vacant by the removal of Dr.
Pohlman to Albany. During his ministry
there, the charge was divided, he remaining
pastor of the New Germantown church, that
in the Valley securing the entire services of a
pastor for themselves ; the prosperity that fol-
lowed proved the measure to be a wise one.
At the close of the year 1849 he removed to
Schoharie, N. Y., where for seven years he
labored among a kind and appreciative people.
These were the most pleasant and fruitful
years of his ministerial life, and he always
looked back to them as among his most cher-
ished memories. A call from the American
Tract Society to become their agent in Penn-
sylvania, and a consciousness that he and his
family were suffering in health from the cli-
mate and the arduous labors of the charge,
induced him to leave, and the close of his
ministry there is noted in his diary :
** October, 1856. Preached my valedictory sermon
upon Eph. iv. 3. * Endeavoring to keep the unity of
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 55
the Spirit in the bond of peace/ Was nearly over-
come with emotion during the service, and the con-
gregation felt very deeply. Never have I on any
similar occasion witnessed such demonstrations of
heart felt grief or received such expressions of attach-
ment. The people seemed to feel as if their loss is
irreparable. But the Lord can provide a wiser, more
devoted, and more successful minister for them."
While laboring indefatigably in the cause of
the Tract Society, he was called to St. James*
church, Gettysburg, where he preached until the
commencement of our civil war, when he re-
moved to Dixon, Ills. Returning east in 1864,
he engaged in work for the American Sunday-
school Union, in New Jersey, and while thus
engaged, he united with the Presbytery of
Newark, and for the remainder of his life was
a minister of the Presbyterian church.
After laboring a short time in the Presby-
terian church of Theresa, N. Y., failing years,
and sickness in his family, led him to seek a
home in the more genial climate of his native
state. In a letter written at this time he says :
"I entered the ministry in '41, and have now
labored in this vocation amid considerable self-
denial and self-sacrifice for twenty-eight years,
honestly trying to serve my God, and my gen-
156 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
eration according to his will. I now retire to
private life, and leave the field to younger and
more hopeful men, satisfied to lean on mother
earth for an humble subsistence until I shall
return to her bosom."
On the heights overlooking Petersburg a
pleasant home was made ; but only four years
elapsed, before the shadows of death crossed its
threshold. During the absence of his family
in the north, in one of the last letters.he wrote,
he said, alluding to the death of a sister : " In
the order of nature I come next. The Lord
so teach us to number our days, that we may
apply our hearts unto wisdom."
When attacked with sickness, he repeatedly
said it was his last, but thanked God that he
was ready for the change, knowing in whom
he had put his trust. Sensible to the last, he
sweetly fell asleep in Jesus, on the morning of
October 12th, 1872, exchanging the life over-
shadowed at times by changes, toils and cares,
for one of honor, glory and immortality, with
the Saviour he loved and served. .The rest
aspired to is gained, the victory won, and
doubtless there are, and will be found, in heaven
those who will shine " as stars in his crown of
rejoicing for ever and ever."
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 5/
His remains rest in Laurel Hill Cemetery,
Philadelphia. On his tombstone are inscribed
the lines penciled in his common-place book,
just before his last sickness:
" Tis sweet to labor in service blest,
Though labor with pain be blended ;
But sweeter by far, with our Lord to rest,
The toil and the warfare ended."
REV. REUBEN DEDERICK.*
Rev. Reuben Dederick, son of William
Dederick, was born in the town of Claverack,
January 31, 1812. He pursued classical and
theological studies at Hartwick Seminary, and
was licensed and ordained by the New York
Ministerium. He was pastor of the Lutheran
church at Valatie, from 1839 to 1842; he
served the Lutheran churches at West Camp
and Saugerties, from 1847 to 1849; he was
pastor at Bearytown in 1852, and he served
*Rev. Wm. Hull, in Lutheran Quarterly for Jan-
uary, 1880. [Mr. Dederick was a fine classical and
German scholar, a gentleman of highly-cultured
literary tastes, remarkable for his refined manners
and courteous bearing, and a preacher of more than
ordinary ability. — Note by P, A, Strode/.]
158 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
the Lutheran church at Canajoharie, from
1853 to 1857. In 1847 he was Secretary of
the Hartwick Synod. There were intervals
when he was not engaged in the work of the
ministry. In 1837 he was Principal of Clav-
erack Academy. He died at Detroit, Kansas,
September 12, 1871, in the sixtieth year of his
age, and was buried there. His wife had been
dead many years, and he resided in Kansas
with an only son.
REV. LEVI SCHELL.
At the Forty-ninth Annual Convention ot
Synod, held in Maryland, N. Y., in 1879, the
Rev. P. St robel, chairman of the obituary com-
mittee, read the following tribute to the memory
of this earnest and godly minister of Jesus.
Rev. Levi Schell was born on the 9th of
September, 1823, in the town of Wright, Scho-
harie county, N. Y. His parents were William
Schell and Elena Campbell, members of the
Lutheran church at Berne, both of whom pre-
ceded him to the eternal world. Until the age
of twenty-four, the deceased had remained at
home and assisted his father on the farm. He
Rev. LEVI SCHELL.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 59
was married at the age of twenty-two to Miss
Effie Ann Holmes, who survives him, and by
whom he had nine children, seven of whom are
still alive.
In a revival which occured at Berne, he be-
came deeply interested in religion, and his first
impulse was to go as a missionary to the
heathen. He felt called of God to the work of
the ministry; and although he lackecf the clas-
sical and theological education necessary for
that high office, and also had a family to sus-
tain, yet these obstacles did not discourage
him. He was willing to spend his anticipated
patrimony in preparing for the ministry, and in
January, 1848, went to Hartwick Seminary,
hired a house, removed his family there, en-
tered the institution, and for nearly six years
devoted himself enthusiastically and unremit-
tingly to classical and theological studies.
At Rhinebeck, on the 6th of September,
1853, he was licensed by the New York
Ministerium to preach the Gospel. On the
17th of the same month he received a unan-
imous call to become pastor of St. Thoqias*
Lutheran church, at Churchtown, in Columbia
county, which call he accepted, and commenced
l6o MEMORIAL VOLUME.
his labors there on the ist of October, 1853.
In his journal he says : " In fear and great
trembling I entered my new sphere of action,
being unacquainted with its difficulties and
trials. My constant prayer is, * O Lord, grant
me wisdom from above and understanding of
thy Word, and discretion in the discharge of
all my pastoral duties.' "
In this large congregation he remained
twelve years and a half, labering with all the
enthusiasm and intensity of his ardent nature.
During this time he organized the church at
Taghkanic, five miles from Churchtown. A
church edifice was erected and paid for. The
sanctuary at Churchtown also received exten-
sive repairs and renovation. He saw the im-
portance of a Lutheran church in Hudson, and
during one summer he held services in the
court-house on Sunday afternoon, in connection
with Rev. Mr. Cornell, of Ghent, and Rev. M.
Sheeleigh, of Valatie. The distance from his
residence to the city, and the extensive field of
labor he already occupied, were adverse to a
successful effort to establish a church there,
and he did not attempt an organization. It
seems a coincidence that his obsequies were
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. l6l
held in a field which he was the first to attempt
to occupy.
On the last Sunday in March, 1866, he
preached farewell sermons at Churchtown and
Taghkanic, and the following words are written
in his journal : " This closed my twelve and a
half years of anxious labor. God bless the
people." Several revivals of religion had oc-
curred, and large numbers had been added
to both churches, during his faithful and effi-
cient ministry.
On the 1st of September, 1866, he accepted
a call to the Clay and Cicero pastorate in
Onondaga county ; but as the field could not
afford the necessary support for a large family,
he remained there but a year, and then accepted
a call to the First Lutheran church at West
Sandlake, in Rensselaer county, where he
commenced his labors on the ist of September
1867, and remained there until October ist,
1873, when he accepted a call to the Lutheran
church at West Camp. While at West Sand-
lake, he saw the importance of a Lutheran
church in Troy; and on the 5 th of September,
1869, he organized a congregation there, with
eighteen members. Though nine miles distant
II
1 62 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
he preached there on Sunday afternoons in
alternation with Rev. Mr. Rightmyer, of Bruns-
wick, and Rev. Mr. Bolton, of Schaghticoke.
Subsequently, on the organization of a separate
German church, the mission disbanded. A
minister was needed on the ground, and the
work could not be advantageously prosecuted
with pastors serving other large and distant
congregations.
In July, 1876, his arduous and successful
labors at West Camp were interrupted by sick-
ness of so serious a character that he was com-
pelled to discontinue preaching for a number of
months. Through the ensuing winter he
preached quite regularly, but was unable to
stand while so engaged, and finally, last May,
he closed his pastoral labors.
During the summer and autumn he improved
so that he entertained the hope that he would
be able, the following spring, to resume his
loved work of proclaiming the tidings of salva-
tion ; but his impaired constitution could not
endure the shock of another attack of illness,
and he peacefully passed from earth to his
eternal home in heaven on the last Friday
evening of December, 1878, at the age of fifty-
Rev. JAMES LEFLER.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 163
five years, and after twenty- five years of arduous
and successful labor in the ministry of Jesus
Christ.
His funeral sermon was preached in the
Lutheran church at Hudson, N. Y., on the 31st
of December, 1878, by the Rev. William Hull,
from Acts xi. 24 : " For he was a good man,
and full of the Holy Ghost and of faith."
THE REV. JAMES LEFLER.
The following tribute to this active and gen-
erous-hearted brother was written by Dr. Wm.
N. Scholl, Chairman of the Obituary Commit-
tee, and adopted by Synod in 1877, at its 47th
Convention at Woodstock, N. Y. :
Met once more in Synodical Convention, one
of our number meets not with us : his cheerful
countenance is wanting, the cordial shake of
his hand we miss, and his strong, deep voice
we shall hear no more. He has gone beyond
the sphere of human vision. With us a year
ago, counseling with us, preaching to us,
strong to labor, thinking not of early release
from earthly toil — quickly he is summoned to
praise and work above, to live and serve his
164 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
God forever. He would be at his home on
Saturday, April 21st, preach to his people on
the Lord's day : arrested when journeying, a
few hours pass, the struggle has ended, and the
reward is his — a call to us and others to be
ready always, that death may be to us gain,
and we being crowned, shall exalt the Lord
our God forever.
Bro. Lefler was licensed by the West Penn-
sylvania Synod in 1844. Shortly after this he
was called to Cobleskill. Whilst here he was
assisted in a meeting by our missionary, Rev.
Walter Gunn, when God poured out his Spirit,
the church was revived, and sinners were
brought home to him to laud and magnify his
grace. His next charge was Middleburg and
Breakabeen. At the latter place a church was
built and dedicated during his ministrations in
this field. For a season he was at Royalton,
then called to Fayette, where he organized a
congregation, laboring successfully and laying
a foundation for future growth and prosperity.
Hence he was called to West Sandlake, where
he continued for fifteen years, zealously devoted
to his appointed work, God owning his labors
with several revivals of religion of great interest
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 65
and power. He was recalled to Fayette, thence
to Berne, where through a number of years he
preached the Word and ministered in his office
to the people, old and young, with the favor of
God abiding with him. His last field was Liv-
ingston, where so soon and unexpectedly he
closed the work of time.
He was a faithful, laborious man, devoted to
his work. He was a good preacher, and a
workman not needing to be ashamed. He
prepared himself to preach the Gopel, and he
preached it earnestly, solemnly; and the Mas-
ter set his seal upon his efforts to win and build
up souls for Jesus and his work.
REV. ALBERT WALDRON.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
The subject of this memoir was born at
Breakabeen, Schoharie county, N. Y., July 1st,
1836. The child of pious parents, and no
doubt the subject of many fervent prayers, and
trained up under Christian influences, he was
led in early life to consecrate himself to Christ
and make a public profession of his faith in
his sixteenth year, uniting with the church at
l66 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Breakabeen, then under the pastoral care of
Rev. N. H. Cornell.
He always manifested an ardent desire for a
thorough education, and to accomplish his
wishes, encouraged by his friends, he entered
the preparatory department of Hartwick Sem-
inary in his 17th year. Here he was fitted,
under the tuition of Dr. Sternberg, for college,
and in 1858, entered the Junior class of Union
College, at Schenectady, N. Y. He graduated
with much credit in i860. After his gradua-
tion he spent two years as professor at Union
Literary Institute, Warnerville, N. Y. In the
fall of 1862 he entered the Theological depart-
ment of Hartwick Seminary, and took a full
two years' course under Rev. G. B. Miller, D. D.
The writer of this article witnessed his exam-
ination at the close of his Theological course,
and was struck with his remarkable intelli-
gence and his proficiency, especially in Greek
exegesis.
In the fall of 1864 Mr. Waldron received
and accepted a call from the churches of Dans-
ville and Sparta. He was ordained by the
Hartwick Synod at its Convention at West
Sandlake, on 5th of September, 1865. Owing
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 67
to the failure of his health, he was compelled
to resign at Dansville, after three years of earn-
est and successful labor, much to the regret of
all his parishioners. Brother Waldron suffered
greatly during his illness of six years with
consumption ; but throughout he never mani-
fested any impatience, nor did he utter any
complaints against the distressing affliction
allotted him. He died peacefully, and with
the joyous hope of everlasting life, at Breaka-
been, N. Y., on 28th of January, 1874, aged
37 years, 6 months and 27 days.
In 1861 Mr. Waldron was married to Miss
Celia Bissell, of Milford, N. Y., by whom he had
two daughters. The widow and the daughters
survive him, and are residents of Dansville,
N. Y.
Mr. Waldron was a man of genial and lova-
ble spirit, of fine literary taste, and a scholar
of more than ordinary attainments — a clear,
vigorous and forcible writer, and an earnest
and able preacher. Whilst the Church mourns
his early death, we bless God for his holy and
useful example, and for the pleasant memories
which still cluster around the name of Albert
Waldron.
l68 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
REV. L. L. BONNELL.
[The following tribute to this brother is extracted
from his funeral sermon, preached at Dansville, New
York, May 12, 1859, by Rev. P. A. Strobel, then
located at Lockport, New York.]
Our deceased brother, the Rev. L. L. Bon-
nell, was born in Fauquier county, in the State
of Virginia, on the 15th of January, 1826.
He was the youngest of nine children. In
1836 his father's family removed to the State
of Ohio, and settled near the town of Cam-
bridge, in Guernsey county. His early educa-
tion was received at the Cambridge Academy ;
an institution which, though not very preten-
tious, yet furnished the facilities for acquiring
a solid and practical education. Of these
facilities he faithfully availed himself, and
commenced that mental culture of which he
subsequently gave such striking proofs. When
comparatively a youth, he was converted and
joined the Methodist Church. Feeling it to
be his duty to preach the Gospel, he was
licensed, and united with the Pittsburgh Con-
ference. In 1854, for reasons which were no
doubt satisfactory to his own mind (for he was
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. IO9
Strictly conscientious in all he did), he transferred
his membership from the Methodist to the Lu-
theran church, and was received as a member
of the Miami Synod in the State of Ohio, upon
letters of honorable dismission. He labored
acceptably and usefully in some of our
churches in Ohio, and subsequently in In-
diana, until his system became prostrated by
the chills and fevers incident to some of our
Western States. His last charge in Indiana
was the one embracing the churches at Cam-
den and its vicinity. In the summer of 1858,
feeling somewhat improved in health, he deter-
mined to resume the active duties of the
ministry. The Dansville charge being then
vacant, at my suggestion a call was extended
to him, which he accepted, and removed to
this village about the first of September. He
had been settled here only about nine months
when God, in his inscrutable Providence, re-
moved him from his earthly sufferings, as well
as from his labors in the ministry.
My personal acquaintance with our de-
ceased brother was not of very long standing;
yet having been intimately associated with him
for some weeks immediately preceding his
170 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
death, holding daily intercourse with him, and
seeing him under very trying circumstances,
I think I had sufficient opportunity to form a
correct estimate of his talents, and especially
of his Christian character.
With a naturally reserved disposition, there
was in his temperament a tinge of melan-
choly, aggravated, no doubt, by disease, which
seemed to render him very grave, and at
times even taciturn, and made him appear to
great disadvantage. Those, however, who
knew him most intimately, could not fail to
discover that he was a man of generous im-
pulses, and of a frank, noble, and confiding
nature, rendered yet more attractive by the
influence of an ardent piety.
That he possessed talents of a high order,
could not be doubted by any one who has
ever had the pleasure to sit under his ministry.
Those talents had been carefully cultivated,
and associated with, and sanctified as they
were by the power of a living faith, he was at
all times an impressive, eloquent and success-
ful preacher of the Gospel. To this all who
are here to day can bear witness. I shall
never forget the impression which he made
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I /I
upon my mind, when I heard him preach for
the first time. It was at the meeting of our
Synod at Johnstown, in October, 1858. His
tall and emaciated form — his pale countenance,
wearing the impress of disease, yet radiant
with grace and intellect, fixed my attention,
and enlisted my warmest .sympathies. Ashe
progressed, my interest, as well as liiy admira-
tion became more and more aroused, and I
realized that I was in the presence of a man of
more than ordinary endowments. Whilst I
felt the influence of a lofty eloquence, sanctified
and made potent by the graces of a vital Chris-
tianity, I could not but mingle with my admir-
ation a deep and earnest solicitude for the
speaker, as well as an inward regret at behold-
ing such noble powers of mind and soul locked
up in so weak and fragile an earthly tenement.
You, my dear friends, to whom he has statedly
ministered, have, no doubt, often experienced
similar sensations, and with me you have won-
dered why the Great Head of the Church had
permitted one so highly gifted, and so well
adapted by natural endowments, and by the
graces of the Spirit, to be eminently useful in
the ministry, to be in so great a measure inca-
1/2 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
pacitated for his work by disease and physical
prostration. Often have our prayers ascended
to God that he would restore this, our brother,
to health, and preserve him to this church, by
which he was so much beloved, and to which
he promised to be the means of such extensive
usefulness. But God in his infinite wisdom
has been pleased to disregard our prayers, and
to disappoint our hopes, and he has brought
us to his house to-day to mourn over the early
departure of our friend and brother. Whilst,
therefore, we exclaim in the plaintive language
of David, " Lover and friend, hast thou put far
from me and mine acquaintance into dark-
ness," let us say in the submissive language
of Job, '* The Lord gave, and the Lord hath
taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord,"
and in the spirit of our divine Redeemer, "Thy
will, not mine, be done! "
You will recollect that I came to Dansville
the Friday before the fourth Sabbath in April,
and preached several days for you, leaving
your village the following Wednesday. From
my intercourse with Bro. Bonnell, and from a
conversation with his friends, I was persuaded
that a temporary change of air and association
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I73
would prove beneficial to his health. I there-
fore proposed that he should go to Lockport
with me, and remain a few weeks, or as long as
he might find it agreeable and beneficial. We
left Dansville in company just two weeks ago
yesterday. It was my privilege to entertain
him as a guest, and to minister to his wants.
The change of air and the use of remedies pre-
scribed by Dr. McCollum, of Lockport, had
exerted, especially during the past week, a
marked influence upon his health; and though
his condition precluded the hope of any per-
manent restoration, yet there was every pros-
pect of his being so far recovered that he might
be spared some years to be useful to his family
and the church.
Up to last Tuesday, the loth of May, the im-
provement in his condition continued, and on
the morning of that day, he desired that I
would go with him to Niagara Falls. To this
I cheerfully consented. We spent the forenoon
there, and after dinner returned to Lockport.
On reaching my residence he rested about an
hour, and said he felt so much better that he
was ready for another tramp. He was unusu-
ally cheerful, and even hopeful, all the after-
1/4 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
noon, and took his supper with a good deal of
zest. About the close of the day, we were sit-
ting at the stove, speaking about the condition
of the church, and he was expressing himself
with more than ordinary freedom, when sud-
denly he was seized with a fit of coughing,
which brought on hemorrhage from the lungs.
As he had had such attacks before, I was at first
not much alarmed, and proceeded to administer
the remedies usual in such cases ; but at the
same time summoned his physician. The hem-
orrhage could not be controlled. He became
faint, and he as was in a standing posture, I
supported him. He soon realized that he was
dying. He placed his arms around my neck
and said — " Good-bye. Oh, how sweet it is to
die!" These were the last words which he
uttered. I laid him upon a lounge, and stand-
ing by his side watched him until, after a mo-
mentary struggle, he calmly and peacefully
resigned his spirit into the hands of the Saviour.
The shock was a severe one to myself and
family, and our whole community. It was in-
deed a terrible and awful commentary on the
declaration in our Liturgy — " In the midst of
life we are in death ! " I had' the melancholy
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I/S
satisfaction of closing his eyes, and seeing him
decently dressed and coffined. Yesterday I
brought him to his former home, now desolate
and sad ; and it was my painful duty to deliver
to the widowed wife and orphaned children
the lifeless form of the husband and the father
To-day, I intrust his sacred ashes to the care
and sympathy of this afflicted church, and to
his brethren of the Masonic fraternity. I have
confidence in you all, that you will not only
faithfully perform your duties to the dead, but
that whilst you weep for him, you will not for-
get the wants of the widow and the fatherless.
I have been thus particular in speaking of
the circumstances of his death, because dying
as he did, suddenly and from home, it is natu-
ral to suppose that his family and his many
friends, here and elsewhere, would feel a desire
to know something of the state of his mind in
his last moments. I rejoice that I can with
confidence assure you that he attained that
great end for which Paul labored and prayed,
" He finished his course with joy." I shall
never forget the heavenly serenity which
beamed in his countenance, when, becoming
conscious that he was dying, he turned his face
176 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
upward, and in accents low and soft, yet full
of holy triumph, exclaimed, " Oh, how sweet
it is to die ! " Surely some guardian angel was
nigh, fanning with his wing the brow of that
dying saint, and lighting up that countenance
with a smile of holy ecstacy ! How have that
look of serenity and those words of victory
been written upon my soul ! and I trust I shall
gather from their influence new incentives to
follow him as he followed Christ
Our brother died away from the embraces
of his wife and children; yet the absence of
earthly lovers was compensated by the presence
of his Saviour, and though his career was sud-
denly terminated, and his hopes, but an hour
before so bright, were blasted in a moment,
yet even far removed from the affectionate ten-
derness and sympathies of those whom he most
dearly loved, he was so wonderfully sustained
by the Almighty arm of the Redeemer, that he
could exclaim, " Oh, how sweet it is to die !"
Like the soldier who had fought his last battle,
and had triumphed over every foe, he felt it was
** sweet'* to lay aside the weapons of his war-
fare, and go up and receive the victor's crown.
Like the tempest-tossed mariner, who had long
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 77
buffeted the waves of life's stormy ocean, he felt
it was " sweet " to reach the haven of eternal
repose. Like the pilgrim far away from the
home of his affections, he found it " sweet" to
terminate that pilgrimage, and find repose for
his weary spirit, in entering upon that rest
"which remaineth for the people of God."
Like the bird, whose home is amidst the clouds,
and is wont to rise up, and with unblenched
eye look upon the glories of the sun, when
caught and chained to earth is restive, and
sighs to plume its wings and fly to the far-off
fields of ether — so his spirit, linked by a living
faith to the spirits of the glorified in heaven
and ambitious for a higher and holier state,
felt it was "sweet" to sever the ties which
bound it to earth, and find the realization of
those ecstatic visions which his faith had often
contemplated, as it went out to commune
with the glories which surround the throne of
God.
The remains of our deceased friend and
brother are to be taken to Cambridge (Ohio)
for interment. They will be buried, according
to his wish, by the side of his father; an
evidence of filial regard very creditable to his
12
178 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
heart, and which his friends will no doubt take
pleasure in carrying out. Over his grave I
trust some monument will be erected to mark
his resting place. This is due to him and to
ourselves. Let that monument be plain and
inexpensive, and in keeping with the simplicity
of his character. It will need no other inscrip-
tion beyond his name and age and occupation.
But forget not to engrave upon the cold and
lifeless marble, the last words of my departed
friend and brother : " Oh, how sweet it is to
die !" Let these holy, rapturous words, uttered
by a soul just on the verge of heaven, stand out
in fair and bold characters, and tell the living
how triumphantly and joyously the freed spirit
went up to claim its home amongst the blessed.
REV. D. F. HELLER.
The following tribute to this most excellent
brother is from a funeral sermon preached by
the Rev. Thomas Lape :
Brother Heller was born in Stroudsburg,
Monroe county, Pa., June the 3d, 1830. His
parents' names are Anthony and Sarah Heller.
He was reared up under Christian influences.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 79
When seventeen years of age, he consecrated
himself to the Lord, and became a member of
the Church of Christ. Soon afterwards, being
moved by the grace of God, he turned his
attention to a preparatory study for the Chris-
tian ministry. He entered Hartwick Seminary
in the year '51, and graduated at that institution
in *57. He was licensed to preach the Gospel
in the same year by the New York Ministerium.
In the spring following, he received and ac-
cepted a call from the above church, and
entered upon its responsible duties. Soon
afterwards he was united in the bonds of mat-
rimony to Carrie Bush, residing near his native
place, by whom he had two children — a daugh-
ter and a son. The latter died when about a
year old.
He was blessed with a good mind, which
was cultivated by education. He had an ex-
pressive countenance — was retiring and unas-
suming in manners. No one, forming his
acquaintance, could help loving him for all the
excellent qualities of his heart. He was faithful
in the discharge of his ministerial duties. The
Lord blessed him with the accession of eighty-
eight new members to his church. Besides
l8o MEMORIAL VOLUME.
being engaged in these duties, he took an
active part in all the benevolent operations of
the day. At the time of his death, he was the
corresponding secretary of the Ulster County
Temperance Society.
His death occurred 22d of November, 1864.
On the Sabbath previous, although somewhat
indisposed, he yet preached to his people on
the Mission of Christ, text, Matt. xx. 28, " Even
as the Son of man came not to be ministered
unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ran-
som for many." This subject he presented in
a scriptural, plain, and impressive manner. In
the application of which he closed in an af-
fectionate appeal to his people to trust their all
to Christ in life and in death, as if conscious
that it would be his last message to them, in
the following language: "Though heaven is
the Christian's future home, yet it is through
our Saviour brought nigh. He tells us when
Lazarus died, he was borne by angels into
Abraham's bosom. And the penitent thief,
when hanging on the cross, turning to the
Saviour with the petition, * Remember me
when thou comest into thy kingdom,' received
the pleasing assurance, 'This day shalt thou be
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. l8l
with me in Paradise/ When heaven was thus
brought nigh to the penitent on the cross, need
we wonder that Christians sometimes appear to
have a glimpse of heaven just as the soul is
leaving its tabernacle of clay ? Jesus gave his
life a ransom for us — a ransom from sorrow
and suffering — a ransom from the grave and
eternal death. We may now well exclaim
with the Apostle Paul : * O death, where is thy
sting ? O grave, where is thy victory ? The
sting of death is sin ; and the strength of sin is
the law. But thanks be to God, which giveth
us the victory, through our Lord Jesus Christ' **
The regular memorial services occurred on
Monday, Nov. 28th. His aged, venerated
mother, two brothers and two sisters, were
present. They were sadly disappointed in not
having the privilege of taking a parting look at
the beloved son and brother. A large congre-
gation had assembled. A number of clergy-
men, irrespective of denominational distinctions,
were in attendance on that solemn occasion.
At the appointed time, a procession was
formed at the parsonage, headed by the clergy.
Upon the arrival in the church, the clergy filled
the altar and the pulpit. The latter was hung
J 82 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
in deep mourning. The clergy, and the church
council, too, wore crape on their left arms.
Rev. Mr. Chapman, of the Reformed Dutch
Church, read a funeral service, and then offered
up a fervent prayer to the throne of grace, that
melted every heart. The writer delivered the
sermon designed to be appropriate. He was
followed by the Rev. Mr. Gulick, of the Lutheran
church, who had been a schoolmate with him
for six years. He said that brother Heller
during that time had sustained an unblemished
character, had exerted a great influence for
good over the pupils of that institution, and
been a promoter of the Sabbath-schools and
other praiseworthy objects. He had been " an
Israelite, indeed, in wMlhn there was no guile."
The Rev. Mr. Rockwell, of the Reformed
Dutch church, said that he had been acquainted
with Brother Heller for about five years, had
exchanged pulpits with him, and met him
occasionally at funerals and at other times, and
then added : " I have been a minister upwards
of thirty years, and, in all my acquaintance
with ministers, I never found one who had such
simplicity, such child-like faith, as he, and no
one hid himself so much behind the Saviour
» BIOGJLAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 83
as he had done." The Rev. Messrs. Emerick
and Cutter, of the Lutheran church, and the
Rev. Mr. Schermerhorn, of the Reformed
Dutch church, conducted the other religious
exercises on that occasion.
Thus has passed away one who did not
appear as a meteor, blazing for a season, and
then sink into obscurity, but rather as a fixed
star, always bright — always shining — always
in his place ; — the same man on the week-day
as on the Sabbath; — the same man out of the
pulpit as in it. He was a model pastor, exhib-
iting by a consistent life the principles which
he taught. He was evangelical in doctrine.
His style was simple and perspicuous. His
sermons were full of Christ, and systematic in
their arrangement, and delivered in a mild and
persuasive manner, calculated to affect the
hearts of his auditors, and cause them to feel
that be truly was a man of God, laboring for
souls. The longer his stay among his peo-
ple, the more he was beloved, the more were
his services appreciated, and the greater the
amount of good he accomplished. The lan-
guage of the Christian poet is not inappro-
priate to him :
184 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
" Simple, grave, sincere.
In doctrine incorrupt ; in language plain.
And plain in manners : decent, solemn, chaste
And natural in gesture, much impressed
Himself, as conscious of his awful charge.
And anxious mainly, that the flock he feeds
May feel it, too : affectionate in look.
And tender in address, as well becomes
A messenger of grace to guilty men."
REV. JOSEPH D. WIRT.
BY REV. P. FELTS, D. D.
Joseph D. was the son of Daniel and Han-
nah Wirt, and was born in Johnstown, Fulton
county, N. Y., October 8th, 1837. He was
baptized by Rev. David Eyster, pastor of St.
Paul's church, in his native town, December
17th, of the same year. His classical studies
were pursued in "the old Johnstown Acad-
emy," and under the private instructions of his
brother, Rev. N. Wirt, who was at that time
pastor of the Lutheran church at Ancram,
Columbia county, N. Y., and by whom he was
also confirmed as a member of this said church.
In the autumn of 1859 he entered Hartwick
Seminary, and pursued the full course of theo-
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. l8S
logical Study under the lamented Dr. Miller.
He was licensed to preach the Gospel by the
New York Ministerium, at its meeting in
Newark, N. J., September 9, 1862, by which
body he was subsequently ordained. Shortly
after his licensure he was married to Miss
Adaline White, of Ancram. Three children
resulted from this union, all of whom are still
living.
Rev. Wirt*s active ministry extended over
the short period of seven years, five of which
were spent in West Camp, Ulster county, and
two at Livingston, Columbia county. While
in this latter field, disease laid its wasting hand
upon him, from the effects of which he never
recovered. With much infirmity of the flesh
he labored here until he was obliged to retire
from the field, to the great regret of a devoted
and loving people. His ministry was short, yet
not without its precious fruits. At West Camp
his work was wonderfully blessed. Many
souls were here led by him to Christ. And
as he entered upon his pastorate at Livingston,
a bright future loomed up before him. So
greatly were his people attached to him that
for long months after he had taken of them a
1 86 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
final leave — spoken to them the sad word
" farewell " — they clung to the false hope that
his health would be restored, and he permitted
to return to them to carry on the work that he
had begun with so much promise. But not so
was it decreed in the counsels of high heaven.
His work was finished. In the hope of a glo-
rious immortality, he died of consumption, at
the house of his brother-in-law, James Nellis,
esq., of Palatine, August 29th, 1874, and was
buried from the house of his father, on the
afternoon of Tuesday, September the ist. His
funeral was largely attended, and the occasion
improved by suitable remarks by Rev. P. Felts,
pastor of St. Paul's, who for years was a
class-mate and chum of the deceased.
Requiescat in pace.
REV. B. W. TOMLINSON.
BY REV. JOHN TOMLINSON, AARONSBURG, PA.
Rev. Benjamin Wesley Tomlinson was born
in Napier township, Bedford co.. Pa., June I ith,
1848. He was baptized by Rev. D. S. Altman,
of Schellsburg, Pa., and confirmed by Rev. J.
Petre, of Messiah Lutheran church, June 23d,
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 87
1866. He took only a partial course in Penn-
sylvania College, but a full course in the Sem-
inary at Gettysburg. He graduated June 27th,
1876, was licensed to preach the gospel in In-
diana, Pa., Sept. 1 2th, 1875, and ordained in
HoUidaysburg, Pa., Sept. 17th, 1876. He
served New Florence Mission, of the Alle-
gheny Synod, from 1 876 to 1 879. He removed
to Lockport, N. Y., and took charge of the
Lutheran congregation at that place August
1st, 1879, which he served to the time of his
death, April 8th, 1880. He died of typhoid
fever. His remains were taken home by his
father, J. W. Tomlinson, and Rev. J. A. Tom-
linson, and his sister, Mary Jane, and interred
in the cemetery of Messiah church, Bedford
county. Pa., on the 12th of April, 1880. He
was 3 1 years, 9 months and 27 days old at the
time of his death.
The subjoined tribute is from the Lockport
(N. Y.) Daily yournal:
Rev. B. W. Tomlinson, the faithful and zeal-
ous pastor of St. John's Evangelical Lutheran
church, departed this life at the residence of
Mr. C. H. Stahler, on Walnut street, in this city,
a few minutes before nine o'clock last night, after
1 88 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
a short but extremely painful illness of a malig-
nant form of typhoid fever. The deceased first
complained of feeling unwell about three weeks
ago, but at that time he paid no attention to the
matter, thinking the illness would pass away in
a few days. Instead of recovering, he grew
worse, and one week ago last Saturday he was
obliged to take to his bed. For several days
previous to his death he was delirious and suf-
fered greatly. Although in our city but a short
time, the deceased had endeared himself to the
members of the congregation by his pleasant
and affable manners and his zealous efforts in
the cause of Christianity. He won the respect
and esteem of the entire community by his
estimable qualities of heart and mind. The
deceased was born June nth, 1848, in Bedford
county, Pa., and was, therefore, at the time of
his death, in the thirty-second year of his age.
Mr. Tomlinson occupied the pulpit of St.
John's Lutheran church, in this city, one Sun-
day last summer, and so pleased the congre-
gregation by his able discourse and pleasant
address, that they tendered him an invitation
to become their pastor, which he accepted,
entering upon his duties as pastor on the first
Rev. Wm. H. EMERICK.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 89
day of August, 1879. Since his advent here
he has made countless friends by his pureness
of life and character, and earnest efforts to dif-
fuse the truths of Christianity in our midst. The
deceased never married. Three brothers of the
deceased are ministers, and another one died
while preparing for that high calling. The
funeral services were held at the residence of
C. H. Stahler, at 1.20 o'clock this afternoon.
The remains were taken on the 2.45 train to
Bedford county, Pa., where they will be interred.
REV. WM. H. EMERICK.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
This brother was born at West Camp, Ulster
county, N. Y., February 7, 1806. Of his early
life little can be stated beyond the fact that,
when a young man, he made a profession of
his faith in Christ, and became a member of
the Dutch Reformed church. Being impressed
that it was his duty to preach the Gospel, he
commenced to prepare himself for his high
calling by a course of private study under the
Rev. Dr. Ostrander, of the Dutch Reformed
church. Whilst pursuing his studies, he ex-
igO MEMORIAL VOLUME.
perienced a change in his theological views,
and united with the Lutheran Church. He
continued his studies under the direction of
Rev. A. F. Rumpf. who was then pastor of the
Lutheran church at West Camp, N. Y. Sub-
sequently he went to Gettysburg, where he
took a course of theology under Rev. S. S.
Schmucker, D. D., and was licensed by the
Maryland Synod in 1845.
In 1 846 he received and accepted a call from
Woodstock, Ulster county, N. Y. ; and from
that time his whole field of labor was within
the bounds of the Hartwick Synod. He was
ordained by this Synod, at its annual conven-
tion at Waterloo, N. Y., on the 7th of Septem-
ber, 1847 5 R^v. G. A. Lintner, D. D., preached
the ordination sermon. From Woodstock,
brother Emerick removed to Sharon, Scho-
harie county, N. Y. His connection with
these two churches covers a period of eight or
nine years. In both, he reported extensive
revivals at various times, with many conver-
sions and additions to the churches. From
Sharon he removed to Athens, N. Y., where
he found the church in rather a distracted con-
dition. Here he spent three years, and during
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. I9I
that time he organized a small congregation
and built a neat and comfortable church at
Jacksonville, a small hamlet about ten miles
west of Athens. From Athens he went to
Livingston, Columbia county, N. Y., where he
remained three years, preaching with much
acceptance and success. A second call was
sent to him from Woodstock, which he ac-
cepted; but, after a brief sojourn here, he went
back to Livingston, and thence to West Camp.
Here a second call came from Athens, which
he accepted. At Athens he labored for several
years, seemingly with much success, for it was
claimed that there had been an extensive
revival under his ministry, and many acces-
sions to the church. From Athens he returned
to Ulster county, and became pastor of a newly
organized congregation, and built a small but
comfortable church, which was called Pine
Grove. This was his last pastoral charge.
From this record it would appear that brother
E. was much more of an itinerant than a set-
tled pastor.
The natural endowments of brother Emerick
were above mediocrity. His early educational
advantages were very limited. His zeal and
192 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
earnestness compensated for many deficiencies.
His powers of oratory were remarkable, and
he preached at times with considerable force
and eloquence. As a revivalist, he was quite
successful, and many were awakened and
brought into the church under his faithful pre-
sentation of divine truth. His methods were not
always to be commended, and there was no
doubt too much of the emotional connected
with his protracted meetings ; but it must be
conceded that, amidst much that was objection-
able, some permanent good resulted from
them.
Brother Emerick was in the active ministry
about twenty-six years. He was taken sud-
denly ill at the residence of his son, Benjamin,
at West Camp, N. Y., and died on the 2d of
January, 1876, having attained his 71st year.
He was buried in the Lutheran cemetery at
West Camp, by the side of his wife, on January
5, 1876. The Rev. Levi Schell preached an
appropriate sermon, and was assisted in the
services by the Rev. William Hull, of Hudson.
The Hartwick Synod adopted a suitable tribute
to his memory, in which it was said : " For
whatever measure of good he was enabled to
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 1 93
accomplish, we record our gratitude to the
Great Head of the Church, for the grace that
made him an efficient laborer in the vineyard
of the Lord. We would cherish a fond re-
membrance of all his virtues as a Christian
and as a Christian minister, and devoutly pray
that the influence of his example as an earnest
and untiring preacher of the Gospel may leave
its impress on all our hearts." His tombstone
bears this appropriate motto : " He rests in
hope of a glorious resurrection,"
13
* HISTORICAL SKETCHES.
ZION'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN
CHURCH, ATHENS.
BY REV. WM. HULL, OF HUDSON, N. Y.
This church was founded in 1703, by a
colony of Holland Lutherans, who settled in
that vicinity. In 1727, three brothers, by the
name of Van Loon, gave forty acres of land in
perpetual lease to the society ; a part for the
support of a school-master, and part for the
support of a minister, who was to be an adher-
ent of the unaltered Augsburg Confession.
The lawyer who drew the lease, not being a
theologian, wrote the " unalterable'' Augsburg
Confession. By its provisions, the church was
to pay a shilling a year to the donors and to
their legal representatives, providing it was
called for on a specified day ; if not called for,
it was not to be paid.
In 1784 the ground was leased in perpetuity
to a number of parties, embracing village lots
and agricultural lands; and it still yields an
annual rental of two hundred and ten dollars
to the church.
The records of the congregation for the first
(197)
198 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
eighty years of its existence are in the Dutch
language. The congregation was served many
years by pastors who also preached in Albany,
and in 1798 they were served by Rev. Mr.
Ernst, who lived in Hudson, and preached in
Churchtown and Athens.
The first pastor who preached exclusively in
the English language was Rev. Dr. Philip F.
Mayer, who came in 1803, and remained four
years, when he moved to Philadelphia, and
remained there until the close of his ministry
and his life. In his call, it was provided that
he should exchange as frequently as practica-
ble with Rev. Dr. Quitman, of Rhinebeck, so
that the latter might preach to them in the
Dutch language.
From 1808 until 1833 the congregation was
supplied with preaching once a month, and
often at longer intervals, by Rev. Dr. Quitman,
Rev. Dr. Wackerhagen, Rev. Mr. Cole, and
others; and their receipts, at twelve dollars
and a half for a Sabbath service, are found
among the papers of the church.
In 1833, Rev. Dr. G. A. Lintner sent Rev.
Adolphus Rumph, who had studied theology
with him at Schoharie, to serve the church at
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 1 99
Athens. In his letter of introduction of Rev.
Mr. Rumph to them, he said that the young
pastor was a good classical scholar, and that
perhaps he might add teaching so as to secure
a livelihood. Mr. Rumph was engaged by
them, and from that time to this there has been
an unbroken line of pastors.
In 1853, ^he old church was taken down
and a substantial new brick structure erected,
which equals in size, beauty and convenience,
any other church edifice in the village. The
congregation has had its fluctuations in pros-
perity. At the last meeting of Synod, seventy-
five communicants were reported. Since then,
as the fruit of a revival in the winter of 1876-7,
forty-five new members have been added.
The following is a list of the pastors of the
church from its organization to the present
time, with the date at which they commenced
their labors :
1703, Justus Falkner; 1704, John C. Leps;
1725, Wm. C. Berkenmeyer; 1783, Frederick
A. Walberg; 1791, John F. Ernst; 1800,
Frederick H. Quitman, D. D. ; 1803, Philip F.
Mayer, D. D.; 1833, Adolphus Rumph; 1837,
Thomas Lape; 1845, Sylvander Curtis; 1848,
200 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Matthew Waltermire ; 185 1, Augustus L.
Bridgman; 1853, Isaac Kimball; 1855, Wil-
liam H. Emerick; 1858, William N. Scholl,
D. D.; 1865, Henry Keller; 1866, William
Hull; 1869, Philip A. Strobel ; 1872, William
H. Emerick; 1874, Sylvander Curtis; 1875
and 1876, Rev. W. E. Traver, present pastor.
Rev. W. C. Berkenmeyer, who served the
church from 1725 to 1751 (when he died in
his sixty- ninth year), resided at Athens (then
called Loonenburg), and served the church at
Albany in connection. His remains are buried
under the church, and a large tablet in the
vestibule contains an inscription to his
memory
The church is located in what is known as
the Upper Village, and the congregation is
about equally divided between village and
country.
BERNE CONGREGATION.
BY REV. J. R. SHOFFNER, PRESENT PASTOR.
In the absence of connected and well-kept
records in regard to the establishment of the
church at this place, Berne, Albany county,
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 20I
N. Y., the date of the erection of the first
church building, the first pastor or pastors,
previous to the year about 1806 A. D., the
times and dates of taking spiritual control of
the congregation by the different pastors, and
the order of their succession as pastors, from
the organization until the year about 1827, we
have to depend upon but very brief, and mainly
disconnected records, and upon the memories
of some of the oldest parishioners now living,
viz., Christopher Warner and wife, Alexander
Crownse, Peter C. Sand, Isaac Dietz, and Wil-
liam Zeh.
From the establishment of the church until
about the year 1802 A. D., the records were
kept in the German language, and reveal the
fact that the pastors and the parishioners ful-
filled their duty to their children, in having
them brought into covenant relation to God
and his church, by the seal of Holy Baptism.
Until the year 1827, catechisation and con-
firmation, the time-honored customs of the
Lutheran Church, seem to have been/well and
properly observed by the pastors, as the ordi-
nary means and way of increasing the member-
ship of the church. It seems that in 1792
202 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
fifty-seven were confirmed; in 1793, Oct. 23d,
fifty- five were confirmed, etc.; and even
after the above date — 1827 — until the year
1846, during the entire pastorate of Rev.
Adam Crownse, it was his custom to give
applicants for membership a short and concise
course of instruction on the doctrines of the
Scripture, and of religious life, as held by our
Church, previous to their admission to the
Holy Altar.
After the year 1846, catechisation, in regu-
lar and connected way, was entirely abandoned
for more than thirty years, when it was again
restored as far as possible in 1 877.
The original church building was a frame
structure, about 40 by 45 or 50 feet in size,
with galleries on three sides. The building
stood by the side of the main road, about mid-
way between Berne and East Berne, or " Phil-
ley," crowning a commanding eminence, from
which position the beholder can see the wind-
ing course of Fox Creek for many miles, as its
waters flow down through the valley to find a
union with the Schoharie.
The old building, thus described and located
as above, is spoken of as an old building as far
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2O3
back as 18 10 A. D., indicating, according to
the statements of the aged parishioners now
living, that it must have been erected as far
. back as 1780 A. D.
The church was built upon a tract of land
deeded or given to the congregation for church
purposes, by one Mr. Van Rensselaer, the
patroon, at a very early day in the history of
this vicinity ; but, sad to say, the land has all
been sold off in lots since the removal of the
old church and the erection of the new, in
sizes to suit purchasers, and to meet the press-
ing wants of the congregation.
The independent records of this church
commence in the year 1790; previous to that
date, the records must have been kept in con-
nection with the records of the Guilderland
congregation, as Berne seems to have been
embraced in the Guilderland charge, from the
organization here until several years after the
erection of the present church edifice in 1835,
and was served by the pastors who success-
ively resided near, and ministered to the
Guilderland church.
From the year 18 14 to 18 16, if not a longer
period, there seems to have been a kind of
204 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
joint pastorate, and that the ministers were
Revs. H. Moeller and Augustus Wackerhagen.
This fact is apparent from some old receipts
for salary, recorded and signed by Revs.
Moeller and Wackerhagen alternately during
the above years.
Previous to the year 1792, and in all proba-
bility several years after, it would appear from
the title page of church records that one Rev.
August Frederick Merer was pastor. *
The joint pastorate may have commenced at
an earlier date than 18 14 to 18 16, but Rev.
Wackerhagen seems to have taken the pastor-
ate in 1806, as many of the records are kept in
his handwriting, showing that if a joint pastor-
ate existed at that date, and after, that he was
principal, and Rev. Moeller adjunct pastor.
In the latter part of 18 16, or in 181 7, one,
Rev. L. Merkel, took the spiritual oversight,
and ministered unto the congregation, preach-
ing once in three weeks.
From the number of children baptized dur-
ing his pastorate, we are induced to say that
he must have been faithful to the Saviour's
command to Peter: "Feed*' — i, e,, shepherd —
"my lambs." John xxi. 15.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 20$
Rev. Merkel continued his pastoral relation
to this people until about August 12, 1827,
when Rev. Adam Crownse, then quite a young
man, was called to minister here and at Guild-
erland. The new pastor settled for a short
time — not made known by the records — in
Berne, and afterward moved to Guilderland,
still holding his pastoral relation to the Berne
congregation.
In the year 1835, the eighth year of Rev.
Crownse*s pastorate, the new brick church edi-
fice was erected in Berne, in which the congre-
gation now worship, removed about two and
a half miles west of where the old wooden
structure stood. On May the 31st, 1836, the
new church was formally dedicated and conse-
crated to the worship of the Triune God,
under the pastoral care of Pastor Crownse.
The officers of the church at the time of
dedication were Messrs. Peter Sand, Chris-
topher Engle, and Johannes Shafer, Trustees ;
Messrs. John Rossiter, James Leggett, and
Frederick Joslin, Elders ; Messrs. Christopher
Warner, Alexander Crownse, Henry Zeh, and
Peter C. Sand, Deacons.
Pastor Crownse continued his faithful min-
206 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
istrations to this congregation until the year
1846, A. D., a period of about nineteen years.
He is remembered and is spoken of in a way
showing much affection, by the aged citizens
of the community, and especially by the faith-
ful members who sat under his ministry, a few
of whom are still living.
After the long union of pastor and people
between Rev. C. and the membership of this
church — a period of nineteen years — had been
broken, the Rev. S. Curtis was called to pas-
toral relations over the people here. But few
records appear upon the church-book during
his ministry — not even the date of his assum-
ing spiritual control, nor the day when the
union of pastor and people was broken —
hence we cannot tell just how long the present
pastoral relation continued. We are told that
it was during this short pastorate that the par-
sonage of this congregation was built; no
records show the fact, however.
The last of the very few records made of his
acts show that Rev. Curtis was here on the
nth of October, 1848. The people say, how-
ever, that his pastoral relation here was about
three years.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 20/
Rev. Lambert Swackhamer took charge
some time previous to the 29th of May, 1850,
and, as the pastor, administered the Sacrament
of the Lord's Supper to the people on the
second Sabbath of June of the same year —
1850. His last record stands December 2,
1855, making his pastoral relation a little
more than five years.
During his ministry there were added to the
membership 161 names, principally if not en-
tirely by revival efforts.
On the first of June, 1856, Rev. A. P. Lud-
den became the pastor of the congregation,
having been called from Virginia. He con-
tinued his ministry here until May 2Sth, 1867,
a period of eleven years.
During the pastorate of Rev. Ludden, the
congregation prospered greatly in the way of
accessions to its membership ; the entire num-
ber added to the church during the eleven
years being 247. This was accomplished al-
most entirely through revival efforts. The
spirit of liberality was also developed more
than under former pastorates. A number of
faithful witnesses remain, and continue stead-
fast to the faith, who testify to the zealous
208 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
efforts he made to strengthen the reign and
kingdom of Christ in this community.
November the ist, 1867, found the congre-
gation sitting under the faithful and earnest
ministry of Rev. James Lefler as their spiritual
guide and pastor; and on about May Sth, 1875,
his pastoral relation ceased — a period of more
than seven years.
Under the ministry of Pastor Lefler, the St.
John's church building in East Berne, or
"Philley," was erected in the year 1873, and
dedicated to God and consecrated to his wor-
ship, by proper services, on the 28th day of
August, of the same year. Rev. J. H. Heck,
pastor of the Lutheran churches in Schoharie
and Central Bridge, preached the sermon on
the occasion. This is a neat and convenient
frame building, constructed in modern style,
and speaks well for the noble little band of
believers who carried this work forward to
completion. At the time of this writing, there
is no regular church organization in East Berne,
but regular preaching and worship are held
there every Sabbath, and the sacraments are
regularly administered as at the mother church
in Berne. This has been the case ever since
the early part of I ^Jj,
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2O9
The first Trustees of East Berne Church are :
Christopher Warner, Jacob H. Osterhout and
Sanford Hilton, acting under charter obtained
and recorded in county clerk's office, in Albany,
on or about the 12th day of May, 1880.
Though Pastor Lefler did not witness, by
great ingatherings to the church, the fruits of
his efforts, yet he labored with earnestness and
zeal, sowing beside all waters. He laid; by
faithful and earnest presentation of Gospel
truth, broad and deep foundations for future
building.
In May, 1875, Rev. J. C. Brodfiihrer took
charge as the pastor, and labored faithfully and
well for one year — until May, 1876. Pastor
Brodfiihrer began a good work — keeping a
faithful record of official acts, and that of bring-
ing the congregation back to the observance of
the festivals of the church. These, for long
years, had fallen into non-observance by the
pastors of this congregation.
On the 17th of December, 1876, Rev. J. R.
Shoffner, having received a call from this con-
gregation, entered upon the pastoral relation.
The congregation having been without the
regular ministrations of the Gospel since the
14
2IO MEMORIAL VOLUME.
early spring — previous to the administration of
the Sacrament of the Altar — several days of
services were held with a view to prepare the
membership for that solemn service. The
Spirit was manifest in this work. He owned
his truth; and, after several weeks — during
which time more than one hundred professed
conversion — about ninety united with the
church, and were catechised from Luther's Cat-
echism after they united. Proper and con-
tinued efforts are being made to restore the
'custom of catechisation in the church, and
they have to some extent succeeded.
Extensive improvements were made to the
church and parsonage, in the summer of 1877,
amounting as to expenditure to about ;Sli8oo.
It can be truly said that the pastor of this
church now has a neat and pleasant parsonage
in which to dwell. About 120 additions have
been made to the church during the present
pastorate.
Two church colonies have grown out of this
mother church : East Berne, St. John's church,
an account of which is given above, and Gal-
lupville. First English, an account of which
will be found under that head. Two ministers
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 211
of the Gospel have gone out from us — this as
their mother church— Revs. Levi Schell and
Augustus Schultes.
A charter of this church was obtained and
recorded in the Clerk's Office in Albany, in
May, 1880. Trustees', Messrs. Sylvester Sand,
David Ball and Peter Schoonmaker. The El-
ders are : Messrs. Alexander Crownse, William
Zeh, Jacob M. Allen and Charles E. Dietz.
The Deacons are: Messrs. Isaac Hunger-
ford, Egbert S. Wright, Uriah G. Davis and
Nicholas P. Sheldon. The present recognized
membership is a little more than two hundred.
Berne, Albany Co,, N, K, December 6th, 1880,
ST. MATTHEWS CHURCH, BREAKA-
BEEN, SCHOHARIE CO., N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL, FROM NOTES FURNISHED
BY REV. IRA S. PORTER.
This church was organized on the 24th of
November, 1843, and incorporated about a
month later. The Rev. James Lefler was the
first pastor. The following were amongst the
corporate members : Philip Bergh, Samuel
Mitchell, William Rickert, Barney Keyser,
212 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Philip Shaeffer, John Freymyer, Henry C.
Shaeffer, John B. Waldron, John Keyser,
Abraham Bergh, Nicholas L. Mattice, Henry
Preslau, Ambrose C. Rockafeller, P. W. Becker,
and L. Mattice.
The following were chosen church officers:
Elders — L. Mattice, Samuel Mattice, H. S.
Shaeffer; Deacons — Philip Shaeffer, John
Keyser, N. L. Mattice ; Trustees — ^John B.
Waldron, Philip Bergh, P. W. Becker; Treas-
urer — A. Bergh. John B. Waldron acted as
Clerk, and the proceedings are duly recorded
in the county clerk's office.
The following were the pastors from the or-
ganization of the church in 1843 to i860:
Revs. James Lefler, Adam Crownse, L. Stern-
berg, N. H. Cornell, and J. D. English.
Of the original officers, only Nicholas Mat-
tice, a deacon, and P. W. Becker, a trustee, are
now living. Of the original male members,
only three are living — F. W. Becker, residing
in New York, and Barney Keyser and Law-
rence Mattice at Blenheim ; but the two latter
still attend the church at Breakabeen.
In January, 1861, the Rev. Henry Keller
was chosen pastor. In the spring of the same
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 21
year the church severed its connection with
the Middleburg church, and has remained a
separate charge ever since. The Rev. Keller
continued to be the pastor until November,
1862, when he was succeeded by Rev. A. L.
Bridgman, who entered upon his duties May
28, 1863, and continued here five years.
The Rev. Ira S. Porter, the present pastor,
entered this field in April, 1869, and conse-
quently has served the congregation about
twelve years, a longer period than any of his
predecessors. The church edifice, which was
erected and dedicated in 1844, has since been
very handsomely refitted, and is now one of
the neatest and most attractive for its size in
the Synod. There is connected with the
church a convenient and comfortable parson-
age. The relations between the pastor and
his congregation are very cordial and satisfac-
tory. The pastor is, in his usual quiet, modest
way, discharging his duties with fidelity and
earnestness, and the church enjoys peace and
a good measure of prosperity. This church
has the honor of having furnished to the min-
istry of our Synod one of its most talented
and promising pastors, in the person of the
late Albert Waldron.
214 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
MESSIAH CHURCH, FULTONHAM,
SCHOHARIE CO., N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
There had for many years been a union
church at Fultonham, in which the pastors at
Middleburg held stated services for the accom-
modation of the Lutherans residing in that
neighborhood. No Lutheran congregation,
however, was ever organized here until July
6, 1876. This was done through the judicious
efforts of Rev. Ira S. Porter. About eighteen
members united in the organization. A num-
ber have been added since. The officers
elected were I. I. Feck and William Best,
Elders ; S. W. Bouck and W. Burget, Dea-
cons; George Haines, Ralph Weidman, and
A. Werley, Trustees.
The Hon. W. C. Bouck, an honored gov-
ernor of the State of New York, often called
"The honest Dutch Governor,*' was a mem-
ber of the Lutheran church, and resided near
Fultonham. When at home he was a con-
stant and devout worshiper at the church in
Fultonham, and also at Middleburg. Gov-
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HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 215
emor Bouck was the first Superintendent of
the U. S. Sub-Treasury in New York city,
during the administration of President Van
Buren. He was a gentleman of the olden
school — simple, but dignified and courteous in
his manner; of unquestioned integrity and
genuine but unostentatious piety.
The church at Fultonham is now a part of
Rev. Porter's pastorate.
ENGLISH LUTHERAN CHURCH,
CANAJOHARIE, N. Y.
FROM A SERMON BY REV. L. D. WELLS.
The earliest written records of our church
that have come into my hands are from the pen
of Dr. Scholl, than whom none other so justly
deserves the name of foster-father of the Eng-
lish Lutheran church; and for his indefatigable
labors, held in grateful remembrance, well
may it be said of him: " Instant in season, out
of season ; watchful in all things, doing the
work of an evangelist, making full proof of his
ministry.** Although beyond the years at
which many would lay aside the armor of
active employment, he has not yet finished his
2l6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
course. Still in the field, earnest and effective ;
still keeping the faith, with the goal of victory
but a little ways off. Oh, blessed reward laid
up in heaven for the life-long workers in
Christ's field ! Oh, sparkling crown of right-
eousness that shall outshine the stars forever
and ever !
The Doctor's records (personal) date back
to the year 1840. For that year I find this
entry: "First pastor, William Nace SchoU,
preached first sermon May 3d, 1840; i. ^., first
pastor of the renewed organization ; for it is
quite certain that twenty years earlier there
had been the nucleus of a Lutheran Society,
served by Dr. Miller. The first board of
trustees was the following, viz.: Herman J.
Ehle, Daniel Yerdon, Joseph White, George
Goertner, jr., Jacob Anthony, D. W. Erwin,
Livingston Spraker and J. W. Netterville. Of
the nine, only two are living — Messrs. White
and Erwin. Gone to give an account of their
stewardship, and soon we'll follow. No election
of elders or deacons," the Doctor writes, " till
the early part of '43." No record of such an
election till '47. Then I find, as elder George
Farley, and as deacons, Joseph Saltzman and
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 21/
Henry N; Keller. Of these, Mr. Saltzman is
still living. On the record appears a statement
to this effect : "Village church bought and re-
moved, in the fall of '39, and occupied until
September, '40. Then underwent thorough
repairs, i, e., the original frame building that
once stood forty rods south-east of this site, on
the towing path of the old canal, was purchased
in the interest of the Lutheran church, moved
to this place, and refitted for divine service."
There is one present who can give you the
name of the man* who headed the subscription
with the largest sum, and others might mention
his life-long devotion to Lutheranism.
The renovated church was dedicated on 28th
of February, 184 1. The dedicatory service
was read, and the sermon preached, by the
Rev. Dr. Lintner, of Schoharie, from Eph. ii.
19, 21. Dr. Lintner had preached the first ser-
mon delivered in this building, twenty-three
years previously. The record shows that Dr.
Lintner*s first ministration to the people here
was in 1818, fifty-eight years ago, and that he
conducted the first service in the then new
union church building. Roop*s village, as the
* George Goertner, who died December loth, 1879.
2l8 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
place was then called, had but one church, used
as a fort against the enemy (now there are six),
and there continued to be but one until the
year 1841.
The original church edifice was built in
181 5 or '16. It is natural to suppose that
prior to that time there must have been occa-
sional services in private houses in German, if
not in the English tongue. Our missing
records would probably reveal the existence of
a regular organization in Dr. Miller's day.
The records we have indicate that Rev. George
B. Miller, D. D., commenced labors here about
the year 181 8 or '19, preached seven or eight
years ; and from that time until the spring of
of 1839, making an interval of twelve years,
the Reformed Dutch occupied the ground, the
Revs. Van Olinda and Wells preaching for
both parties, as Dr. Miller had done before
them.
Whatever organization the Lutherans might
have had in Dr. Miller's time, was not in force
at Dr. Scholl's coming. Regularity, system,
growth and permanence seem first to have
been established under the administration of
the latter. As some of you can testify, the
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 219
doctor was in "labors more abundant" — a
Pastor in the fullest sense of the term. Al-
most literally in every house, he ceased not to
teach and preach Jesus Christ. Though for-
bidden to do so, I will give you an extract
from his letter : *' I need not tell you of my
preaching in the school houses about the
country, getting amongst Americans, English
and Germans, Scotch, Irish, good and bad ;
baptizing children in a room where there was
a pig-pen; lights and shades, heavy burdens,
discouragements and encouragements, never
forsaken; Testaments^ books and Bibles distrib-
uted amongst Sunday-school children; good
teachers; women taking part in the prayer-
meetings held from house to house."
Dr. Scholl resigned the charge of the con-
gregation in August, 1850, and there was a
vacancy until March 17, 185 1, when the Rev.
F. W. Brauns became pastor, and continued
until April ist, 1852. Mr. Brauns is now in
the Presbyterian ministry, and resides at
Niagara Falls, though disqualifed for active
service by almost total blindness. He was
succeeded about the ist of January, 1853, by
the Rev. Reuben Dederick, whose ministry
220 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
covered a period of about five years. The 4th
of April, 1858, appears on the calendar as a
day of spiritual reaping and of harvest joy for
Mr. Dederick. Some fifteen or more adults
were by him confirmed and received upon pro-
fession of faith ; undoubtedly a precious Easter
Sabbath to both pastor and people.
Next came the Rev. C. S. Hersh, with a pas-
torate of only one year. Going South for his
health, he died soon after in the city of Balti-
more.
Following Hersh, was Rev. L. Hippee,
whose home was amongst you for about seven
years. The minutes of 1866, the year that
brother Hippee left the field, show a member-
ship of ninety.
His successor was Rev. Luckenback, whose
stay was less than two years, and then came
a vacancy of about the same duration. In the
interim, the old edifice, endeared by many fond
and sacred recollections, was torn down, and
the present structure reared in its place under
the wise and efficient supervision of the build-
ing committee, viz. : Messrs. W. Wagner,
B. Smith, H. Nellis, L. Spraker, and D. S. Reed.
The church and chapel were finished and fur-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 221
nished at a cost of |l 15,000. The new church
was set apart on the lOth of August, 1870, to
its sacred uses; and very appropriately Dr.
Lintner, an aged veteran, ripening for his
heavenly rest, who had delivered the first dis-
course in the old building hear the canal fifty-
two years previous, and the dedication sermon
following the removal and repairs twenty-nine
years previously, again officiated, and preached
from I Peter ii. 5 : "Ye also as lively (living)
stones are built up," etc., etc.
As the pastor prospective,, your speaker was
present at the re-dedication, and on the first
Sabbath in November, I occupied this desk as
the pastor in charge. On the 28th of the next
month, I was regularly installed by the Presi-
dent of Synod, Rev. V. F. Bolton ; and from
that time to this, by the blessing of God, I
have continued (as Ezra said), " on the work
of this wall, and yet it is not finished" — not
finished so long as saints are to be built up in
their holy faith, and sinners converted from the
error of their ways. God has graciously owned
his word, and imparted his blessing. Eighty
have been added to this flock ; sixty of the
number by a profession of their faith. The
222 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
cloud of divine glory has hovered over this
temple as well as the former. None of us, I
trust, will readily forget the winter of 1 87 1.
It seems to me impossible to forget that first
Easter Sabbath, April 9th, when pastor and
people together chanted in soul the words of
David : " How amiable are thy tabernacles, O
Lord of hosts ;" ** Blessed are they that dwell
in thy house; they will be still praising thee."
On this Easter we were permitted to welcome
to our fold thirty-one. Twenty-six for the
first time professed their allegiance to Christ
by receiving the Holy Sacrament.*
" May the glory of this latter house exceed
the glory of the former. May this be the
place to which many souls shall flee for refuge,
safety, and peace in Jesus, — hiding there in
the clefts of the Rock. Here may it be said
of many, * Who are these that fly as a cloud,
and as the doves to their windows?' " Compar-
ing the present with the past, the status of the
* Since this sermon was preached, Nov. 5, 1876, the
Rev. L. D. Wells has continued the efficient and
acceptable pastor of this church. The additions to the
church in the meantime have been twenty-four, mak-
ing the total membership 115. — Note by Editor.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 223
church as it now is with its humbler surround-
ings and feebler existence of thirty-nine years;
remembering that then it was simply mission-
ary ground, and at one time its very existence
threatened by an embarrassing debt; realizing,
I say, our improved condition in various par-
ticulars, there may be those ready to say:
" Surely the Lord hath given enlargement and
strength to Zion."
ZION'S CHURCH, COBLESKILL, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
There seem to be no authentic records from
which to determine definitely at what time the
country in and around Cobleskill was first
colonized. Perhaps not many years after the
settlement of Schoharie, and by the same class
of German Lutherans from the Palatinate. It
is very probable that the German emigrants did
not confine themselves to the valley and hills
of the Schoharie, but gradually spread them-
selves over the valley and hills of the Cobles-
kill. It is to be presumed, too, that, like their
brethren at Schoharie, they were for many
years without a pastor, and that, like them.
224 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
they met in private houses at stated times for
worship, some pious layman conducting the
services, which were probably very simple,
consisting of singing the grand old German
hymns, prayer, and reading suitable books of
devotion. Thus they mutually encouraged
and edified each other, waiting patiently and
trustingly until God should send them a
pastor.
If the records were at hand, they would
probably show that the people of Cobleskill
had passed through similar perils and suffer-
ings with their brethren in other parts of
Schoharie county during the French and
Indian wars, and that in the great struggle for
American Independence they had been loyal
to the cause of freedom, and had borne them-
selves in all those dark days like men and
Christian patriots.
It is known that the settlement of the town
of New Durlach, lying several miles north of
Cobleskill, was made not later than 1754, and
that of Cobleskill several years earlier. The
Lutheran congregations in these two towns
seem at that time to have been one, but the
date of the organization is not known. Subse-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 22$
quently, that part of the congregation residing
in New Durlach (now Sharon), was divided,
and a new organization was formed, called
New Rhinebeck — these three settlements, or
congregations, forming a sort of church union
or pastorate.
There is reason to believe that soon after
Pastor Sommer's settlement at Schoharie, in
1743, he began, with his usual zeal and dili-
gence, to turn his attention to the neighboring
German settlements, and that he visited,
amongst others, those of New Durlach and
Cobleskill. The congregations at these places
were perhaps regularly organized about the
year 1754 or '55. It is a matter of record that
Pastor Sommer preached at Cobleskill on the
3d of March, 1758, and administered the
Lord's Supper to the Lutherans at this place.
It may therefore be assumed that on other
occasions the congregation may have enjoyed
the services of Pastor Sommer, and that the
pastors who succeeded him at Schoharie con-
tinued to preach to the congregation at Cobles-
kill, and to minister to their spiritual wants.
Up to 1789, the Lutherans at New Durlach
(Sharon) and Cobleskill constituted one con-
15
226 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
gregation, under the title of "The Lutheran
congregation of Cobleskill and New Durlach."
In this same year (1789) Pastor Sommer and
others conveyed one hundred and fifty acres in
fee simple to three persons as trustees, "for
the common use and benefit of said Lutheran
congregation." At this time Rev. Sommer
had settled in New Durlach (Sharon), but he
was then eighty years old, and it is not likely
that he performed any regular or very active
pastoral work.
On the first of January, 1794, five years
after the execution of this deed, the organiza-
tion of a separate congregation was effected at
Cobleskill. Almost immediately after the
new congregation was formed, a few earnest,
self-denying Christians at Cobleskill resolved
to erect a house of worship. The important
question arose — how shall the means be
raised to meet the expense of such an under-
taking? It was only eleven years after the
close of the Revolutionary War. The people
throughout the country had come out of that
memorable struggle very much impoverished.
Money was scarce and almost worthless. But,
undaunted by difficulties, a few noble spirits
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 22/
determined, by divine help, to build a church.
The times .and circumstances were certainly
very discouraging, but they were men of more
than ordinary fortitude. With their own
hands they made the brick, hewed the timber,
prepared all the materials, and thus made
ready for the execution of their pious purpose.
The site selected was a knoll in the center of
the village of Cobleskill, on the public road
that led to Albany, and commanding a beauti-
ful view of the surrounding country. The
corner-stone having been laid with the usual
ceremonies, these devoted men, encouraged
and aided by their equally devoted wives and
daughters, went to work patiently and perse-
veringly until their sacred task was done, and
the church stood forth in all its noble propor-
tions, a monument of the zeal and piety of the
builders. As has been intimated, this church
was of brick, abotit forty feet square, with
galleries on three sides, surmounted by a mas-
sive tower, on which the year 1794 (the time
of its erection) was marked with antique iron
figures. Pastor Somm^r was still living in the
town of Sharon, but it is presumed he was too
feeble to be present at its dedication.
228 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
There were only thirteen families who took
an active part in the erection of t^is edifice.
To perpetuate their memories, and to honor
them for their noble work, thirteen square
stones were inserted in the front wall of the
church. Unfortunately, when this venerable
building was taken down, these stones seemed
to have been thoughtlessly thrown aside,
which was certainly a great oversight. The
names of these familes have, however, not
been forgotten, and it is with great pleasure
that they are now (through the courtesy of
Rev. G. W. Hemperly) presented to the reader.
They were David Lawyer, Nicholas Warner,
Peter Snyder, George Mann, Lawrence Law-
yer, Lambert Lawyer, David Bouck, Peter
Shaver, John Shaver, Judge Henry Shaver,
Henry Borst, Henry Shaver (not the Judge),
and John von Dreeser. The descendants of
these noble men are now Amongst the most
prominent and respected citizens of Cobleskill
and the adjacent country.
For nearly three generations that old brick
church stood in the midst of the village of
Cobleskill a silent yet eloquent monitor; re-
minding the passer-by of the faith, the zeal
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 229
and the heroic self-denial of the men who
reared it, and witnessing with a silent elo-
quence for God and for the truth, as taught by
our Evangelical Lutheran Church. Amidst
the decay of generations, the mutations and
revolutions which have marked the history of
the Church and the world ; amidst the fluctua-
tions which have characterized other denom-
inations ; amidst the defections of some who
sought to spread schism and discord in the
bosom of the Church ; amidst the uncharitable
efforts of other denominations to subvert and
supplant the Church — that venerable temple
stood with its glory undimmed.
If, as has been suggested, the pastor who
was settled at Schoharie served the church at
Cobleskill, then this church had as its pastor,
after Pastor Sommer, Rev. Anthony T. Braun,
from 1 79 1 to 1794, and it was, perhaps, during
his ministry that the church was built. Then
came Rev. F. H. Quitman, from 1795 to 1798.
In 1799, Rev. A. T. Braun was recalled to the
Schoharie charge, and remained until 1 801,
serving, it is supposed, the Cobleskill church
at the same time. The church at Schoharie
was vacant from 1801 to 1805, and it is pre-
230 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
sumed this was likewise true of Cobleskill.
The Rev. Augustus Wackerhagen settled at
Schoharie in 1805, and was pastor until 1815.
It is known that he supplied the church at
Cobleskill, and was in all probability its pastor
during the ten years that he remained at Scho-
harie.
Up to the year 1808, the congregation at
Cobleskill had held some land in common with
the congregations at Sharon (or New Durlach)
and New Rhinebeck. In this year — 1808 —
the congregation at Cobleskill obtained a sep-
arate act of incorporation. At this time, the
one hundred and fifty acres of land, deeded to
the Lutheran Congregation at New Durlach
and Cobleskill, in 1789, by Rev. Sommer and
others, were divided, "the Cobleskill church
taking fifty acres in severalty, New Durlach
(Sharon) and Rhinebeck retaining the residue
in common.*'
The Rev. John Molther succeeded Rev. A.
Wackerhagen at Schoharie in 1816, remaining
until 18 18. It is presumed he also supplied
the Cobleskill church at the same time.
In the year 18 19, the Rev. G. A. Lintner was
called to the Schoharie pastorate. He took
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 23 1
the Cobleskill church under his care, and
preached statedly, and with great acceptance
and usefulness, until 1834, a period of fifteen
years. The data are not at hand to show' the
condition and progress of the church under
Dr. Lintner*s care, prior to the year 1832. At
that time he reported 30 confirmations and
250 communicants; for the year 1833, 82 con-
firmations and 282 members ; showing that up
to this time the congregation was in a healthy
and prosperous condition.
The Rev. Wm. H. Watson was Dr. Lint-
ner's successor. He hailed from Herkimer
county. Up to 1833, he had been identified
with the open-communion Baptists. He was
introduced to the Hart wick Synod in 1833 by
the Rev. P. Wieting, then residing in Herk-
imer county. Mr. Watson was licensed by the
Hartwick Synod at a special session held at
Schoharie, on the 6th of March, 1833. His
license was renewed at Dansville, in September
of the same year. In 1834, he became pastor
at Cobleskill. and was ordained the same year
at Guilderland. Mr. Watson remained at
Cobleskill until 1844, a period of about ten
years, preaching also a part of the time at
232 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Carlisle, and also at Richmondville. His min-
istry was by no means barren of results. In
1835, he reported ninety accessions to the
chOrches under his care, and a membership of
390. In 1840', he reported fifty-eight addi-
tions. The pecuniary contributions to home
and foreign missions, to education, and the
other benevolent operations of the Church,
show that he had educated his people to a fair
standard of liberality.
An event occurred at Cobleskill, in 1837,
during the ministry of Pastor Watson, which
deserves to be chronicled. It is true it is only
incidentally connected with his ministry ; yet it
is a feature in the history of the Cobleskill
church which may be appropriately recorded
here, especially in view of its intrinsic import-
ance and its great influence upon the cause of
foreign missions in the Lutheran Church, not
only in the State of New York, but through-
out the United States. Reference is had to
the organization at Cobleskill, in 1837, of the
** Female Association of Hartwick Synod,"
composed of the wives of ministers and other
Christian women within the bounds of Hart-
wick Synod. The Synod held its convention
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 233
this year at Cobleskill. The object of this
association was to educate missionaries for the
foreign field. Prominent in this movement
were Mrs. Senderling, Mrs. Adam Crownse,
Mrs. Lintner, Mrs. Watson, and other wives of
clergymen, besides many ladies of Cobleskill
— conspicuously, the venerable Mrs. Peter
Shaeffer, long known and honored as " Aunty
Shaeffer," for her many Christian virtues and
her unfaltering devotion to her Church and to
Christ. This was the first female missionary-
association ever organized in the Lutheran
Church in the United States ; and it has the
honor, as stated in the historical address, of
having sent to the foreign mission in Guntoor
the first fnissionary ever educated in the Lu-
theran Church in this country. That mission-
ary was the Rev. Walter Gunn.
In 1843 the congregations of Sharon, New
Rhinebeck, Richmondville and Cobleskill
constituted one pastoral charge, and called the
Rev. James Fenner as their pastor. This gen-
tleman had been a minister of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, but had united with the
Hartwick Synod in 1842. He continued in
this field until early in 1 844.
234 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
The Rev. James Lefler served the Cobleskill
charge in 1844-45. Whilst here he was as-
sisted in a meeting by Rev. Walter Gunn,
which resulted in many conversions and addi-
tions to the church.
The Rev. A. L. Bridgman was called to this
same charge in 1845. He was then a licen-
tiate, but was ordained at Schaghticoke in 1845.
Mr. Bridgman resigned after two years faithful
service.*
The Rev. M. J. Stover succeeded Rev.
Bridgman in 1846. At this time Cobleskill,
Richmondville, Sharon and New Rhinebeck
still constituted one pastorate. In 1847, how-
ever, the pastorate was divided. New Rhine-
beck and Sharon formed a separate charge and
called Rev. W. H. Emerick as their pastor,
the Rev. Stover retaining Cobleskill and Rich-
mondville. The Rev. Stover served these two
churches faithfully and acceptably until April,
1852, when he removed to Tribes Hill. Dur-
ing Bro. Stover*s stay at Cobleskill he was
successful in liquidating a debt of $700, due
by that church, and he did much besides to
*In the year 1846 the church was remodeled, and
edcdicated by Dr. Lintner on the i8th of February.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 235
promote its prosperity. Bro. Stover also had
a revival during his ministry, resulting in
many valuable additions ; and the families who
came in at this time represented property esti-
mated at ;f 100.000.
The Rev. S. Curtis succeeded Rev. Stover,
and entered upon his pastoral work about the
first of May, 1852. The labors of Bro. Curtis,
during the first year of his ministry, seem to
have been crowned with signal success. There
was a most remarkable revival, resulting in the
reported conversion of eighty-six persons.
He admitted to the church fifty-eight by con-
firmation and eight by letter, making sixty-six,
amongst them some of the most prominent
and influential citizens of Cobleskill, many of
whom are amongst the leading church mem-
bers to-day. Mr. Curtis resigned in 1854, and
removed to Stone Arabia.
The Rev. P. A. Strobel, a member of the
Synod of South Carolina, accepted a call from
Cobleskill, and entered upon his pastoral
duties early in October, 1855. In the latter
part of the same month he was installed. The
Rev. Dr. Lintner preached the sermon. Rev.
J. R. Keyser gave the charge to the pastor.
236 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
and the Rev. W. D. Strobel, D. D., the charge
to the congregation. The Rev. P. Wiet-
ing and other Lutheran clergymen were pres-
ent. Mr. Strobel remained at Cobleskill until
the spring of 1858, when he accepted a call at
Lockport. During his ministry at Cobleskill,
there were only about a dozen members added
to the Church. He induced the congregation
to sell the old parsonage (a very unsuitable
building for a pastor's residence), and to buy a
larger and more commodious one. The differ-
ence between the price of the old and new
parsonage was ;S!4SO, which the congregation
very promptly subscribed and paid. During
his stay at Cobleskill, Mr. Strobel succeeded in
effecting a union between the Franckean and
Hartwick congregations at Richmondville,
which was a part of his charge; and as a result
the church at that place was thoroughly re-
paired, a spire added to it, and the whole
refitted in a manner very creditable to the
united congregation.
The Rev. Henry Keller succeeded Rev.
Strobel about the ist of October, 1858, and
sustained the pastoral relation for two years.
During the first year of his ministry, there was
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 237
*'a precious work of grace," and forty-six
members were added to the church. Not the
least interesting and important event, especi-
ally to the young pastor himself, during his
stay at Cobleskill, was his marriage with Miss
Josephine Courter, the eldest daughter of the
Hon. Charles Courter, one of the leading citi-
zens of the community, and one of the most
prominent and influential members of the
church. Brother Keller made a good record
at Cobleskill.
The Rev. Ira S. Porter assumed the pastoral
charge of Cobleskill (in connection with Rich-
mondville) on the 1st of April, 1861, and sus-
tained the pastoral relation until the spring of
1867. This covered the period of our civil
war. It was a time of great political excite-
ment, which affected unfavorably all the relig-
ious interests of the country. Very few con-
gregations escaped the contentions incident
upon such a fearful internecine struggle. Party
feeling, as all know, ran very high everywhere.
Many congregations were rent by bitter ani-
mosities, and not a few were almost entirely
destroyed. It was doing a good work on the
part of brother Porter, by pursuing a prudent
23S MEMORIAL VOLUME.
and conservative course, to secure, under the
circumstances, peace in his congregation and a
large measure of prosperity, whilst so many
others were divided and very much weakened.
Brother Porter left here, if not the record of
great achievements, at least that of an earnest,
faithful and devoted pastor.
The Rev. A. P. Ludden succeeded Rev.
Porter, and commenced his pastoral duties on
the 1st of June, 1867. He was installed on the
nth of July. The Rev. Dr. Lintner preached
the sermon. Rev. E. Belfour. gave the charge
to the congregation, and Rev. P. A. Strobel
the charge to the pastor. Very soon after he
entered upon his work, steps were taken to
build a new church. In this measure the pas-
tor was seconded by such leading men in the
church as Charles Courter, Herman Becker,
Abraham Shutt, Japhet Kromer, John Brown,
Josiah Borst, H. L. Russell, A. Lawyer, Peter
Swartz, Dr. L. Fox, H. Overpaugh, A. Snyder,
and others — and many prominent citizens not
members of the church, notably Peter Lawyer,
Hon. Henry Smith, of Cobleskill, and Mr.
Jacob Russell, of New York (the two latter
giving JI500 each), and others, all of whom
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 239
made very liberal contributions towards the
erection of the new edifice. The comer-stone
of the church was laid by the pastor on the
2 1 St of August, in the presence of a very large
audience. Appropriate addresses were deliv-
ered by the Rev. H. Keller and Rev. P. A.
Strobel, two of the former pastors.
This measure of building a new church had
become a necessity. It was found that the
" old brick church," which for two-thirds of a
century had served successive generations as a
place of worship, had become too small, and in
its architecture it was not in keeping with the
modern style of church edifices. Besides, the
extension of the Albany and Susquehanna
Railroad to Cobleskill, and beyond it, was
rapidly developing the place, so that, from
being a small isolated village of about four
hundred inhabitants, it was growing into a
handsome and thrifty town, with an increasing
population of intelligent, enterprising citizens,
and promising to become a very important
commercial centre for a large extent of coun-
try. Hence a new church, more capacious
and more modern in its style of architecture,
was much needed to meet this new condition
240 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
of things. The sequel shows the wisdom and
foresight of this movement. To-day Cobles-
kill is a town of no small dimensions and
importance. Its population now numbers
thousands, where it once had only hundreds.
It would be difficult to find anywhere a town
of its size containing a greater number of
capacious and elegant stores and public build-
ings, or a greater number of beautiful and
attractive private residences, with well-kept
lawns and gardens; or where there is any
larger proportion of intelligence, refinement
and moral worth, or more business enterprise
amongst the citizens.
Not a few thought it was perhaps a mistake
that the new church was not built on the site
of the old one, which was much more central
and far more eligible in every respect than the
one on which the new church is located. It
would have been well, too, if in building the
new church the memorial stones, which had
been placed in the front wall of the old church
to perpetuate the memory of its builders, had
been transferred to the new church, that there
they might continue to bear their voiceless yet
impressive testimony to the untiring zeal and
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 24I
the pious devotion of the honored few who,
amidst much toil and sacrifice, had reared that
venerable " old brick church."
The work of erecting the new edifice was
prosecuted with vigor under the direction of
Mr. Charles Courtei*, who gave much of his
time and very liberally of his means towards
the prosecution of this enterprise. The new
church was dedicated on the ist day of July,
1868. The dedication sermon was preached
by the Rev. F. W. Conrad, D. D., in the
morning. The liturgical services were per-
formed by Rev. G. A. Lintner, D. D. The
Rev. S. P. Sprecher, of Albany, preached in
the evening. Amongst the visiting ministers
present were Revs. L. Schell, H. Keller, A. N.
Daniels, M. J. Stover, J. R. Sikes, I. S. Porter,
and P. Wieting. The church is of brick, 50
by 93 feet, with a spire of 160 feet. There is a
capacious basement for Sunday-school and
other purposes. The audience room is hand-
somely furnished. The ceilings are beautifully
ornamented. There is a commodious semi-
circular gallery, and behind the pulpit a large
and fine- toned organ, costing perhaps ;^i,o<X)
— the whole a monument to the zeal, the liber-
16
242 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ality and refined taste of the congregation.
The entire cost of this edifice, which is one of
the finest Lutheran churches in the State, was
1136,000. On the day of the dedication, contri-
butions were made toward the building of the
church, amounting to ;^ 10,000, of which the
Hon. Charles Courter gave |»4,ooo. It should
be mentioned to the credit of the ladies of the
Cobleskill church that, with their usual energy
and skill, they raised, by means of a fair and in
other ways, a very handsome sum of money,
which was expended in furnishing the new
church.
During the winter of 1869, Rev. Ludden
reported an extensive revival of religion, result-
ing in the addition of nearly one hundred
members to the church. He served the church
with his usual zeal and fidelity until October,
1 87 1, when he resigned.
After the retirement of Rev. Ludden, the
church was without a regular pastor for two
years, but had the services of Rev. Patterson,
a Baptist preacher, at that time Principal of the
Warnerville Seminary. Calls had been ex-
tended to a number of prominent Lutheran
ministers, but these calls had been declined.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 243
Eventually,. the Rev. C. P. Whitecar became
pastor ; but some difficulties having arisen, his
connection with the church was of very short
continuance.
The Rev. Sylvanus Stall assumed the pas-
toral charge of Cobleskill on the 7th of June,
1874. It will perhaps be best to give his
own statement of his labors here from June
7, 1874, to February 8, 1877, at which latter
period he resigned. He says : *' The summary
of my work during my pastorate at Cobleskill
is as follows : Received into the church by
confirmation 30, by certificate 12, by baptism
32; total additions 74; membership when I
took charge, 139 ; number of membership
when i left, 206; baptisms — infants 17, adults
32 ; marriages, 1 1 ; funerals, 20. Contribu-
tions — Foreign Missions, $130.93; Home Mis-
sions, ;J!77 ; Beneficiary Education, $ig; local
objects, ;^2 196.84; General Synod fund, ;J!io;
Synodical Treasury, ;J!29.42; general benevo-
lence, ;J! 186.86. Contributions of Sunday-
school, $i6y; Sunday-school scholars in 1874,
130; in 1877, 200; officers and teachers,
25.. When I took charge, the church debt
aggregated something over |»23,ooo, and by
244 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
the time the final settlement was effected it
amounted to near ;^25,ooo. Of this amount I
raised a little more than 5 19,000, Mr. Charles
Courter donating about ^H.ooo. My pastor-
ate was in every respect a pleasant one, and I
remember that people with the kindest of feel-
ings."
Shortly after the resignation of Rev, Stall,
the congregation secured the services of Rev.
G. W. Hemperly. He found the church still
embarrassed with considerable debt (something
over 57000) ; the congregation was rather de-
spondent, and the pastor felt himself ham-
pered in all his work. Nevertheless, he was
not discourged, and determined to make the
best of the situation, laboring on patiently and
trustingly, and hoping that the day of deliver-
ance from financial difficulty might soon come.
In about a year after he entered upon his
labors, the church met with a very severe
blow in the death of Mr. Charles Courter, one
of its most active, energetic and liberal-
minded members. It was no doubt his pur-
pose to do much more toward freeing the
church of its indebtedness, and he would have
made a large contribution toward it if his life
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 245
had been spared. His death cast a gloom
over the community, and the church was
deeply afflicted by his sudden cutting ofif. But
the church, though " cast down," was " not in
despair." When this human prop was re-
moved, the church cast herself upon her Great
Head, and, looking to him for direction and
grace, determined to liquidate the debt. Some
few months after Mr. Courter's death, the pas-
tor, aided by the Rev. Edwin Potter, went
earnestly to work, and by one united, vigorous
effort, the amount necessary to pay the church
debt was generously and with a commendable
promptitude subscribed.
Thus one serious impediment to the pros-
perity of the church and the success of the
pastor was removed. No congregation in the
bounds of the Synod, in proportion to their
numbers and wealth, have contributed so lib-
erally and freely of their substance to the
building of a church and the liquidation of
their church debt. They have given of their
substance freely, not only according to their
ability, but in some cases even beyond it.
God will certainly bless a congregation that
thus honor him by consecrating their worldly
goods to the building up of his kingdom.
246 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
The Rev. Hemperly is discharging his
duties as pastor noiselessly, but faithfully and
efficiently. This church has been and is still
exerting a marked influence upon the moral
and religious interests of the community. No
church has a better record as to its past his-
tory, and with united consecration to Christ,
on behalf of the pastor and its people, there is
before it a future of great usefulness, in which
no one will rejoice more heartily than the
writer of this sketch.
ST. PETER'S (NEW RHINEBECK), SCHO-
HARIE COUNTY, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
This church is located in the town of Sharon
(formerly New Durlach), and was originally a
part of St. John's church in the same town,
and, with St. John's and Cobleskill, made one
pastorate. Up to 1789, the congregation was
known as "the Lutheran congregation of
Cobleskill and New Durlach." Subsequently,
St. Peter's, or New Rhinebeck, was organized
by a division of the St. John's congregation.
This division occurred about the year 1796.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 247
In the year 1798, the church edifice at New
Rhinebeck was built. In 1799, ^^^ ^^^ ^^"'
gregation was incorporated under the State
statute of 1784, by the name of "The Minis-
ters and Trustees of the Lutheran Church in
New Rhinebeck." The branch of the congre-
gation which worshiped at New Durlach was
incorporated in 1808, by the name of the
" Trustees of the Evangelical Lutheran Church
of St. John's, at Durlach, Sharon." The
remaining part of the original Lutheran church
of Cobleskill and New Durlach was about the
same time incorporated as a separate church
at Cobleskill. In 1808, the one hundred and
fifty acres of land donated in 1789 to these
congregations, by pastor Sommer and others,
were divided ; Cobleskill taking fifty acres, and
the other one hundred acres were held jointly
by the congregations of St. John's, in Sharon,
and St. Peter's, or New Rhinebeck. These
two congregations were for many years served
by the same pastor, and their history is
identical.
For some years prior to 1805, they had as
their pastor the Rev. Mr. Labach, of the
Reformed Dutch Church. In 1805, the Rev.
248 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Henry Moeller, a Lutheran minister, was
called, who served them faithfully until 1822,
The Rev. Adam Crownse succeeded him, and
ministered to the New Rhinebeck and Sharon
churches until 1828. The Rev. Philip Wieting
became pastor in 1828, and served until 1833.
when his call was renewed for ten years. Mr.
Wieting remained in charge of the congrega-
tion, holding possession of the churches and of
the parsonage (which was located near the
New Rhinebeck church), until the latter part
of 1844, when he was dispossessed by a decree
of the Court of Chancery of the State of New
York, in an action brought against him and
others, by Philip Kniskern and others, on
behalf of St. John's and St. Peter's churches.
Upon the removal of Mr. Wieting, the Rev. J.
Fenner was pastor of St. Peter's, or New
Rhinebeck, in connection with Cobleskill and
other churches. His stay was very brief.
Subsequently this church was served success-
ively by Rev. A. L. Bridgman and the Rev.
M. J. Stover, in connection with the churches
named above, until 1847, when St. Peter's and
St. John's formed a separate charge. The
Rev. W. H. Emerick became pastor of this
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 249
newly-organized charge in 1848, serving until
1855. For the last year of his ministry he did
not preach at St. Peter's (New Rhinebeck),
some misunderstanding having occurred be-
tween him and this congregation. From this
time the New Rhinebeck (St. Peter's) congre-
gation seems to have had no regular pastor.
For several years they had the services of Dr.
Lintner every two weeks — the doctor then
residing at Schoharie, some thirteen miles
away. Gradually all supplies ceased, and the
members of SL Peter's united with other
congregations, the whole organization being
disbanded. The venerable old church still
stands. Its antiquated appearance brings up
the memory of its builders — men of faith and
prayer and earnest devotion. Amongst them
were the Kniskerns, the Empies, the Russells,
the Strobecks, the Frances, and others, many
of whose descendants are amongst the leading
citizens of the community.
The congregation of St. Peter's, or New
Rhinebeck, is invested with peculiar interest,
because, with St. John'5 in Sharon, it became
involved in one of the most important litiga-
tions which had for many years come before
250 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
the civil courts in the State of New York. It
has been stated that, in 1833, the Rev. Philip
Wieting, having served New Rhinebeck and
Sharon for five years, had his call renewed for
ten years. This would have made him pastor
until 1843, and have given him a tenure for
that time to the use of the parsonage and the
hundred acres of land attached to it' In 1837,
four years after this new contract was entered
into, Mr. Wieting, in connection with several
other Lutheran ministers, withdrew from the
Hartwick Synod, and organized the Franckean
Synod. This latter body adopted a constitu-
tion and a confession of faith in which the
Augsburg Confession was virtually repudiated.
The majority of the congregation at New
Rhinebeck, including a majority of the trus-
tees and other officers, were in sympathy with
Mr. Wieting in the organization of the new
Synod. Being thus in the majority, Mr. Wiet-
ing and his confederates in the New Rhinebeck
and St. John's congregations determined to
hold the church property to the exclusion of
the minority, who still adhered to the Hart-
wick Synod and the Confessions of the Luth-
eran Church. To test this question as to the
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2$l
legal ownership of the church property, a suit
was brought in the Court of Chancery by
Philip Kniskern and others, representing the
minority, against Philip Wieting and others.
The bill was filed before the chancellor on the
23d day of May, 1839. This case was before
the court until 1844, when a decision was ren-
dered by the Hon. Lewis H. Sandford, vice
chancellor. The opinion was delivered on
July 17th, 1844, and was entitled "Opinion
upon charitable uses, for religious tenets ; the
Augsburg Confession of Faith, as the Creed of
the Lutheran Church, and the departures
therefrom in the Declaration of Faith of the
Franckean Synod." This opinion of Chan-
cellor Sandford is a very lengthy one, and is
certainly one of the clearest and ablest exposi-
tions of the law, as it relates to the questions
at issue, that has ever been delivered. The
main points in this decision were as follows :
I. That the churches at Sharon and New
Rhinebeck were Lutheran churches, and that
they were built for the promulgation of the
doctrines of the Lutheran Church, as taught in
the Augsburg Confession. That the trustees
held the church property in trust for the pur-
252 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
pose of having certain religious tenets taught
and upheld ; and that the use of these churches
and the property attached for the propaga-
tion of religious tenets at variance with the
Augsburg Confession, was a breach of trust
2. That the Rev. Philip Wieting and others,
defendants in this suit, had repudiated the
Augsburg Confession, and had published
another confession of faith differing essentially
from the Augsburg Confession in some of its
most fundamental and vital doctrines ; and
therefore had forfeited all right to the posses-
sion and use of the property.
The Chancellor entered into a very elabor-
ate and learned discussion to show wherein
Mr. Wieting and the Franckean Synod in
their declaration of faith had departed from
the tenets of the Lutheran Church, as taught
in the Augsburg Confession. In this discus-
sion he exhibited a nice discrimination of
theological questions, and a measure of learn-
ing and knowledge of ecclesiastical history,
which would be creditable to our most astute
theologians.
One of the conclusions of the Chancellor,
after having heard all the testimony and able
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 253
counsel on both sides, is stated thus ; " The
complainants have, therefore, in my opinion,
established that the defendants have adopted a
rule or standard of faith which is different from
the Augsburg Confession of Faith and the
other standards of faith and doctrine of the
Evangelical Lutheran Church, as held and
maintained by the founders of the two
churches in controversy ; and that they have
diverted the churches and church property
from the purposes and objects for which they
were erected and bestowed, and perverted
them to the preaching, teaching and support of
an essentially different faith and doctrine, in
violation of their duty as trustees of that
property and those edifices."
In sustaining this decision, the Chancellor
laid down these general principles :
" The courts in their jurisdiction over these
religious trusts do not interfere with the right
which every man has to interpret the Word of
God according to his view of its plain import.
They fetter no man's conscience; they bind no
one to the dogmas of a creed, ancient or
• modern. The defendants, by the decree which
I am required to make, are not restrained from
254 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
believing or rejecting as much or as little of
the Augsburg Confession of Faith as they
deem reasonable or proper. If they consider it
antiquated, obsolete, or contrary to Scripture,
they are entirely at liberty to preach and to
hear accordingly. But the law does not per-
mit them to use the poperty of others to sus-
tain their views. They are trustees of this
fund, and neither justice nor honesty will tol-
erate them in taking the fund given by others
(their ancestors, it may be, but given for the
support of the doctrines of that Confession),
and using it to attack and destroy those doc-
trines."
The Chancellor closes thus: "There must
be a decree removing from the office of
trustees the defendants, who held that office
when this bill was filed, declaring that their
offices are vacant and that the complainant,
Marcus Brown, is a trustee of St. John's
Church at Durlach. There must be a new ap-
pointment of trustees, and the defendants and
their successors, and those claiming under
them in the respective churches, must deliver
up to Brown and the new trustees all the real
and personal estate of the two churches, and
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 255
the books, papers and records of the same.
And they are to account for the rents, income
and profits of the property since the com-
mencement of this suit. The defendants must
be perpetually enjoined from interfering with
the property except in accordance with the de-
cree, and from using or appropriating it for
any other purpose.**
"The decree will declare that the tempo-
ralities in question are held by the two corpora-
tions in trust for the support of Divine wor-
ship by an Evangelical Lutheran Church, and
for the teaching of the doctrines of the Augs-
burg Confession of Faith, and such other
standards as were held and recognized by the
Lutheran Church in this country in the year
1799, and in connection with the Hartwick
Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church,
with such other provisions on this subject as
will carry out the decision of the Court. The
defendants must be charged with the costs of
the suit.*'
Under this decree the churches of St. John
in Sharon (or Durlach) and St. Peter or New
Rhinebeck, with the parsonage, lands, books,
etc., were surrendered by Rev. P. Wieting and
256 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
others, defendants, to the plaintiffs, Kniskern,
Brown and others, representing the Hartwick
Synod; and these churches were ever after-
wards served by pastors belonging to this
ecclesiastical body.
ST. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN
CHURCH IN SHARON. SCHO-
HARIE COUNTY, N. Y.
BY REV. M. J. STOVER.
In 1713, one hundred and fifty families set-
tled in Schoharie from the Palatinate in Ger-
many.
Rev. Peter Nicholas Sommer was the
pioneer of Lutheran ism in Schoharie county.
He was the pastor of the church in Schoharie,
which was the mother church of the churches
of Middleburg, Cobleskill and New Durlach,
in Sharon. These churches included his pas-
torate, for some time previous to the French
war. We have not the date of the commence-
ment of his labors here.
He was one of the patentees of the Lawyer
and Zimmer patent, and secured a lot of land
on the patent, upon which the church and
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 257
parsonage were built, called the Rhinebeck
church. The churches — the St. John's, in
Sharon, and the Lutheran church in Rhine-
beck — were organized by him, the property
deeded and the churches dedicated, in which
the doctrines of the Augsburg Confession were
to be taught. Meetings were held in the barn
in summer, and in the houses in winter, before
the churches were built. The battle in the
Revolution (at Cedar Swamp) was fought the
day that the Rev. Sommer and his congrega-
tion were worshiping in the barn at the foot of
the hill where the St. John's church used to
stand. They were about four miles from Cedar
Swamp.
In 1805, this pastorate called the Rev. H.
A. Moeller to be the pastor. He gave up his
call in 1822.
In 1801, the legislature of this State passed
an act for the incorporation of religious
bodies.
In 1808, the St. John's Lutheran church, of
Sharon, became a body corporate according to
the act of incorporation of the legislature of
the State of New York, under the name and
title of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of St.
\^
258 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
JoMs at Duriach, in Sharon, Schoharie county^
New York, Henry France and John Sommer
presided as judges of election, and declared
that Jacob Anthony, Peter Traber and Nich-
olas Sommer were elected trustees, to serve
one, two, and three years, in the order named
above.
In 1805, Rev. Adam Crownse was called to
the charge of these churches, and resigned in
1828.
The' Rev.- Philip Wieting took charge of
these congregations in November, 1828, and
continued the pastor until 1837, when the con-
gregations were divided by the organization of
the Franckean Synod. Since that time, the
church of St John has been served by the fol-
lowing pastors : Revs. James Fenner, A. L.
Bridgman, M. J. Stover, W. H. Emerick, H.
Wheeler, N. Wirt. G. W. Hemperly, Ira S.
Porter, and H. Keller. The Rev. M. J. Stover
is the present pastor, having been recalled in
1877.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 259
GILEAD LUTHERAN CHURCH,
BRUNSWICK, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
This congregation, together with those at
Schaghticoke and West Sandlake in Rens-
selaer county, New York, once formed one
pastorate. The Gilead congregation in Bruns-
wick is believed to have been organized about
1750, and it is claimed that a log church was
built by the congregation about that date,
although there are no authentic records to
verify this fact. These congregations were all
composed of Germans from the Palatinate, who
emigrated to the State of New York under
grants of land from Queen Anne of England.
The first church known to have been erected
by the Lutheran congregation in Brunswick
was a frame building, and was located near the
village of Haynerville, about three miles north
of where the church now stands. The barn
erected out of the materials of this old church,
on the farm of Mr. C. Mickle, is still in a state
of good preservation.
There are records which indicate that Gilead
Church was organized as early as 1760. The
26o MEMORIAL VOLUME.
names of the pastors who served this church
from 1760 to 1768 are not given, although it is
believed they went over to the Protestant Epis-
copal Church. The Rev. Samuel Schwerd-
fezer was pastor from 1768 to 1792, Rev.
George Joseph Wichterman from 1792 to
1802, Rev. Anthon T. Braun from 1802 to
18 1 2. The Rev. John Bachman was pastor
from 1812 to 181 3. This gentleman then re-
moved to Charleston, South Carolina, and was
pastor of the English Lutheran church in that
city for nearly if not quite fifty years. He was
made a D. D., and subsequently an LL. D.
He became greatly renowned throughout our
own country and also in England, France and
Germany, as a theologian, and especially for
his attainments in science and natural history.
He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society
of England, and an honorary member of sev-
eral scientific societies in France and Germany.
He was, as a naturalist, the compeer of Wil-
son, Audubon, Agassiz, and other distin-
guished men of that particular school of sci-
entists. He died in Charleston at a very
advanced age, revered by his congregation,
and enjoying a reputation as a theologian,
HISTORICAL sketches: 26 1
a man of eminent scientific attainments, an
eloquent preacher and Christian gentleman,
which it has been the privilege of very few to
enjoy.
The Rev. John Molther succeeded Rev. J.
Bachman, and was pastor from i8i4to 1817.
This gentleman was the father-in-law of Rev.
J. Z. Senderling.
In the year 18 17 Rev. Wm. M'Carty be-
came pastor of this congregation in connection
with Schaghticoke, and continued to serve the
congregations until 1821, a period of four
years. During his ministry the "old brick
church " was erected. It was built by Walter
McChesney, and cost ;$S5oo. In this church
the congregation continued to worship until
May, 1865, when it was torn down to make
room for the present stately and commanding
edifice. The "old brick" had stood for forty-
eight years. Amongst the principal members
at this time were John Finkel, Jno. M. File,
George Brust, Leonard Smith, Isaac File, Dan-
iel Simmons, Henry Dater, Martin Springer,
Adam File, Isaac Brust, and others.
The Rev. John R. Goodman became pastor
in April, 1821, and continued until 1828. Dur-
262 • MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ing his ministrations here the infant baptisms
averaged 35 for six years, making a total of
210. Only 19 members were added to the
church.
After Rev. Goodman came the Rev. J. Z.
Senderling, who served this pastorate most ac-
ceptably and usefully for the long period of
twenty-five years — from November, 1828, to
November, 1853. During these years Rev.
Senderling baptized 550 infants, being an an-
nual average of 22. The admissions to the
church were 476, being an average of a
fraction less than 20 for each year. During
Rev. Senderling's ministry there were several
extensive revivals at Brunswick, and to these
must be traced, in a great measure, the large
accessions to the church. These revivals
were very judiciously conducted, and whilst
the deepest religious convictions pervaded the
entire community, reaching into the church
itself, and awakening many who had "a name
to live, whilst they were dead in trespasses and
sins," there were no noisy demonstrations.
These revivals proved their genuineness in the
permanency of their results. Many who were
then awakened and brought into the kingdom
HISTORICAL SKETCHES/ 263
are still living, to testify by their clear and un-
questioned experience, and especially by their
lives of consecration to Christ, that they had
been indeed " born again," being begotten of
the Spirit " sons of God."
After a ministry of twenty-five years, marked
by the greatest devotion and fidelity to his
responsible work, amidst labors most abun-
dant and indefatigable, sacrifices and strug-
gles most numerous and trying, yet with the
most signal marks of the divine approval and
blessing, this faithful servant of Christ resigned
his charge. He left his own pure and holy
character indelibly impressed upon the people
whom he so long and faithfully served; and
all who survive him speak of him with the
deepest reverence and the warmest affection.
"The memory of the just is blessed." This
was the period of the church's greatest pros-
perity.
The Rev. David Kline succeeded the Rev.
J. Z. Senderling in 1853, and served the
Brunswick church until 1864, a period of
eleven years. During these eleven years there
were sixty- two baptisms, an average of five
and seven-elevenths annually, and one hundred
264 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
additions to the church, being an annual aver-
age of nine and one-eleventh.
During the first seven or eight years of Rev.
Kline's ministry, the church enjoyed much
peace and prosperity. But about the year
1 86 1, when the country became involved in
our great civil war, Mr. Kline, who was of a
very ardent nature and very pronounced in all
his opinions, felt it to be his duty to discuss in
the pulpit the political issues of the day ; and
as this was done not in the most prudent and
judicious way, a very unpleasant state of
things grew up in the congregation, resulting
in angry and uncharitable discussions, as well
as in serious alienations ; and this led to the
severance of Mr. Kline's connection with the
church at the expiration of the term of his call,
on the 14th of November, 1864. Mr. Kline
had many very warm friends in the commu-
nity; for he was a warm-hearted, genial man,
and possessed fine social qualities. He re-
moved to Spruce Run, N. J., in December,
1864, and died there very suddenly in 1878.
The Rev. P. A. Strobel was the successor of
Rev. D. Kline. He entered upon his pastoral
work in the early part* of December, 1864.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 265
The church was in a distracted state. The
animosities which had sprung up in the church
had been vfiry intense, and there were many
obstacles in the way of bringing the parties
into friendly and fraternal relations. Never-
theless, harmony was so far restored that, in
the month of February, 1865, the initiatory
steps were taken to build a new church, the
old one having grown out of fashion and being
much the worse for wear. The proper com-
mittees were appointed, funds were raised, and
the building of a new church was commenced
in the month of May, 1865.
The corner-stone of the new church was
laid on the 6th day of July, 1865. The Rev.
V. F. Bolton was present, and assisted in the
services. The Rev. P. A. Strobel delivered an
appropriate address, and read the liturgical
services appointed for such occasions. In the
corner-stone there were deposited a copy of the
Holy Scriptures, Luther's Catechism, Lutheran
Observer, Lutheran and Missionary, Lutheran
Almanac, Minutes of Hartwick Synod, a list
of all the pastors who had served the church,
a historical sketch of the Lutheran Church in
the United States, list- of church officers and
266 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
members, and other items connected with the
history of the church. At this time the fol-
lowing brethren were officers of the church :
Elders, Isaac Roberts, John Bornt, Isaac Brust,
Jacob J. Bornt. Deacons, Henry Dater, David
Snyder, Alfred Buss, Michael Hayner. Trus-
tees, George Brust, Adam Wager, Michael
Weatherwax, Joseph Bulson, Jacob H. Hay-
ner, William Derrick. Recording Secretary,
Michael Weatherwax. Treasurer, Michael
Hayner. Sexton, James Roberts. Building
Committee, George Brust and Adam Wager.
The architect was W. F. Cummings. Masons,
Jacobs and Nichols. Carpenter, J. Stranahan.
The new church edifice was completed and
dedicated on the 23d day of November, 1865.
The Rev. L. Sternberg, D. D., who was at that
time President of Hartwick Synod, preached
the dedication sermon. The Rev. J. Z. Sender-
ling, one of the former pastors, performed the
dedicatory service. Rev. D. Kline, another of
the former pastors, also took part in the ser-
vices. The cost of the new church, including
all the furniture, was about jl 14,000. This
entire amount, less $^QO, had been secured
previous to the dedication ; and the trustees.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 26/
knowing that this deficiency could be easily
raised, did not deem it necessary to ask for
any contributions on the day of the dedication.
The furnishing of the new church cost about
III, 800. This amount was raised by the ladies
of the congregation.
The new church is located on the public
road, five miles from Troy. It is 75 by 50
feet, built of brick, and is a neat and substan-
tial edifice. It has a massive tower, sur-
mounted by four small spires. There is a ca-
pacious basement, with a large audience room
and rooms for the Bible and infant classes
and a librar>'. The audience room of the
church is very handsomely frescoed, is car-
peted throughout, and the seats are all cush-
ioned. An elegant chandelier hangs in the
centre, which was a donation to the church,
procured through the efforts of Mrs. Col.
George Brust. The whole building, with its
appointments, is an honor to the enlightened
zeal and liberality of the congregation. With-
in the last few years, a large and sweet-toned
bell has been hung in the tower, and its
solemn sounds can be heard far and near,
resounding amongst the hills, and inviting the
worshipers to come up to the sanctuary.
268 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
In the winter of 1866 a series of meetings,
held partly at the new church and partly at
the Tamarack school-house, resulted in a re-
vival by which over thirty persons were added
to the church at the communion at Easter.
Mr. Strobel served the congregation with
acceptance to a large majority of the member-
ship, and with a good measure of success,
until the winter of 1868, being a period of four
years, when he was succeeded by Rev. P. M.
Rightmyer. During Mr. Rightmyer*s minis-
try of three years, there were several revivals,
in one of which the pastor was aided by his
brother, resulting in 10 1 additions to the
church. The R^v. A. P. Ludden was pastor
from October, 1871, to October, 1875 — four
years. His ministry was also marked by sev-
eral revivals, during which 133 were added to
the church. Rev. J. N. Barnett succeeded Rev.
Ludden, and was pastor from 1876 to 1879 —
three years. There were 40 additions to the
church as the result of his labors. During a
part of the winter of 1879, ^^^* M. W.
Empie, of Sandlake, served the congregation
as a supply. The Rev. I. J. Delo, the present
pastor commenced his ministry here in March,
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 269
1880, and is serving the congregation with
much acceptance.
During the last decade this church has met
with severe losses in the death of some of its
most active, liberal and influential members.
Notably amongst these were the Hon. Martin
Springer, John Dater, Col. George Brust, John
Bornt, David Snyder, Isaac Roberts, Philip
Hayner, Isaac Brust, A. Buss, A. Weatherwax,
Reuben Smith, Michael Hayner, and others.
But, notwithstanding God has called so many
of these noble and valued brethren to their re-
ward in heaven, the church is still strong —
strong in the number, zeal and piety of her
membership — strong in her material resources
— and is exerting a marked and most salutary
moral influence throughout the entire com-
munity.
ST. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTH-
ERAN CHURCH, OF SCHAGH-
TICOKE.
BY REV. N. WIRT, PASTOR.
This is an old organization. Formed amid
the dark days of the Revolution, it has
270 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
rounded out a full century of Christian work.
The house of worship stands upon an eleva-
tion overlooking the country far and wide.
Up to this sacred height the generations have
come through all these years to worship the
God of their fathers. The congregation of the
dead have also gathered, year by year, upon
these grassy slopes. This church has a long
succession of pastors — a roll of pious, devoted
men — viz. : Revs. George Joseph Wichterman,
1776-93; Anthon T. Braun, 1794-1812; John
Bachman, 1812-13; John Molther, 1814-17;
William M'Carty, 1 817-21; John R. Good-
man, 1821-28; Jacob Z. Senderling, 1828-49;
Sylvander Curtis, 1850-52; John Selmser,
1852-57; V. F. Bolton, 1858-72; J. R. Sikes,
1873-77. N. Wirt, the present incumbent,
commenced his labors as pastor October i,
1877.
The present house of worship was erected
in 1853, during the pastorate of Rev. John
Selmser, a wood structure well finished and
neatly upholstered, with a seating capacity of
about five hundred persons. It is warmed
from two furnaces, located in the basement.
The whole is neat, tasty and comfortable.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2/1
Near the church is a fine, comfortable and
convenient parsonage, built about twenty-five
years ago.
Prior to 1850, this church was connected
with the Gilead Evangelical Lutheran church,
of Centre Brunswick, and both served by the
same pastor ; but since that date this congre-
gation has called its own pastor. A legal
corporation was effected May 13, 1851. The
certificate was signed by John K. Hayner and
Henry S. Clapper, elders. The following were
the first trustees: Thomas Esmond, Jacob
Stover, Jacob Dater, Leonard Green, John J.
Sepperley, Allen Way, Mather Webster,
Seneca Dennis, and Solomon V. R. Miller.
The following constitute the present board of
officers : John N. Bonesteel, James W. Over-
ocker, Charles Hermon, Jacob Dater, Elders ;
John J. Sipperley, Michael L. Overocker,
Edward Webster, E. S. Baucus, Deacons;
D. C. Halstead, William H. Bonesteel, James
W. Yates, James T. Wiley, Charles W. Lara-
bee, Trustees.
2/2 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
FIRST LUTHERAN CHURCH, WEST
SANDLAKE, RENSSELAER
COUNTY, N. Y.
COMPILED BY REV. P. A. STROBEL, FROM NOTES
FURNISHED BY REVS. M. J. STOVER
AND V. F. BOLTON.
This church and the churches at Brunswick
and Schaghticoke have a common origin, hav-
ing all been organized by German Lutherans
from the Palatinate, and for many years con-
stituted one pastorate. The organization of
these congregations is supposed to have been
effected about the year 1776. The first pastor
was the Rev. Mr. Wichterman, who served
West Sandlake with the other two churches
from 1777 to 1793. The second pastor was
Rev. Anthon T. Braun, from 1794 to 181 2.
During the latter part of his ministry, he was
assisted by the Rev. John Bachman, from the
Schaghticoke church, who had studied theol-
ogy with Mr. Braun. The Rev. Bachman was
licensed by the New York Ministerium, and
became Mr. Braun's successor, serving the
congregations about two years. The Rev. J.
Molther followed Rev. Bachman, and served
the pastorate from i8i3toi8i6.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2/3
From 1 8 17 to 182 1, West Sandlake and the
other churches were under the pastoral care of
Rev. W. M'Carty. It was whilst he was pas-
tor that the West Sandlake Church was built
Up to this time the West Sandlake congre-
gation had worshiped in a church in the town
of Greenbush. The removal of the church to
its present site was the occasion of no small
contention. Many of the members living in
the neighborhood of the old church were so
much opposed to changing the location that
they withdrew from the congregation.
The Rev. J. R. Goodman succeeded Rev.
M'Carty, and commenced his labors in Octo-
ber, 1 82 1. The spiritual condition of the
church was not improved, and there were very
few additions. The Rev. Goodman, after hav-
ing resided a number of years at West Sand-
lake, removed to Troy, ostensibly to get a more
central position from which to serve his con-
gregations. After laboring in this field for
nearly seven years, he united with the Epis-
copal Church.
The Rev. J. Z. Senderling was elected pastor
of the united churches in 1829. After one
year's service the charge was divided, Bruns-
18
274 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
wick and Schaghticoke forming one charge,
and West Sandlake resolving to support its
own pastor; and from this time West Sandlake
has a distinct history.
The Rev. John D. Lawyer was called by the
West Sandlake congregation in 1830. He
was a man of considerable ability and of ex-
cellent address. He entered upon his labors
with earnestness and zeal. Under his ministry
a great change for the better was effected in
the congregation. In fact it became one of
the leading congregations in the county.
During his connection with Sandlake, Rev
Lawyer organized the Lutheran congregation
at Poestenkill.
Mr. Lawyer continued to serve West Sand-
lake congregation with acceptance and no
small measure of usefulness until 1836, when
the division in the Hartwick Synod occurred,
resulting in the organization of the Franckean
Synod. Mr. Lawyer was one of the leading
spirits in this movement, which resulted so
disastrously to the Lutheran Church in the
State of New York. This rupture was fol-
lowed by a division of the Lutheran congrega-
tion at Sandlake, and the organization of
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2/5
another congregation and the building of
another church. As a matter of course, more
or less antagonism grew up between these rival
congregations, and the breach between them
has not been fully healed to this day.
The Rev. G. W. Lewis became pastor of the
West Sandlake church that retained its con-
nection with Hartwick Synod, in 1839, ^^^
served until 1845. His ministry was not with-
out good results. In 1839, he reported eight-
een additions to the church; in 1840, the
additions were thirty ; in 1 842, twenty-one ; in
1843, ten.
In 1845, the Rev. John Rugan was chosen
pastor. "The pastor and people did not
appear to be in sympathy with each other, and
at the end of the second year he resigned."
The Rev. Isaac Kimball succeeded Rev.
Rugan. He had originally belonged to the
Methodist Church, joined the Franckean
Synod, and thence came to the Hartwick
Synod. He became pastor in 1850. During
his ministry, there was an extensive revival,
resulting in a large addition of valuable mem-
bers, many of whom are ornaments of the
church to this day.
276 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
The Rev. James Lefler succeeded Rev.
Kimball, in 1851, and served the congregation
with great fidelity and usefulness until 1867.
" During his connection with the congregation
it enjoyed peace and prosperity. There were
several extensive revivals, resulting in many
additions. The attendance upon the services,
and especially on communion occasions, was
large and quite uniform. The church edifice
was repaired, and the financial condition of the
congregation was healthy." Throughout his
ministry here, brother Lefler left the record of
an earnest, devoted and faithful pastor.
The Rev. Levi Schell succeeded Rev. Lefler
in 1867, and served the congregation with that
earnestness which always characterized his
ministry, until 1874. During the first few
years of his labors, the congregation enjoyed
peace and much prosperity. Through his
influence, a lecture-room was built at a cost of
about |S2,ooo.
Difficulties arose during the latter part of
brother SchelFs ministry, growing out of the
administration of church discipline, to which
brother Schell's conscientiousness prompted
him, which, as in most cases, unfortunately are
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. . 2//
not followed by the results which are sought.
The pastor's course was not approved by some
of his congregation, and he was left without
the measure of sympathy and co-operation to
which he thought his well-intentioned efforts
entitled him. Brother Schell, however, im-
pressed himself upon the congregation and the
community as a man of great integrity, of
undoubted piety and unswerving devotion to
his convictions. Some may have doubted the
wisdom of his administration, but no one could
question his sincerity and the singleness and
uprightness of all his acts and purposes.
Rev. Schell was succeeded by a Mr. William
H. Poor. He was a man of great plausibility,
and possessed excellent oratorical powers.
Having preached very acceptably to the con-
gregation, they " made haste " to give him a
call for one year. This was done partly
through family influences, for he had some
kinsmen in the congregation. When he ap-
peared before Synod for license, his entire
want of qualifications was found to be such
that, very much against its better judgment,
Synod gave him a license upon condition that
he should pursue a course of study, which
278 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
might in some measure supply his deficiencies
and give him some fitness for the ministry.
He turned out to be a man altogether un-
worthy of the confidence of the Synod and the
congregation, and he left the community in no
very good repute. In other words, he was a
clerical adventurer, whose race was swiftly
run, and ended very discreditably.
The Rev. V. F. Bolton was called as the
successor of Mr. Poor, and commenced his
pastoral labors in 1876, and is filling the posi-
tion acceptably and usefully. He reports 135
communicants, and a prosperous Sunday-
school, with 1 10 scholars.
The present church edifice was erected in
1 816. It was remodeled in 1864, at a cost of
|l4,cxx). In 1876, the steeple of the church
was accidentally burned. It was immediately
reconstructed in an improved style, and the
church generally refitted at a cost of ;Jl4,cxx).
Connected with the church is a very com-
modious parsonage. The date of its erection
is not precisely known. It is, however, a very
ancient building, and has furnished a comfort-
able home for the pastor from the time that
the churches of Brunswick, Schaghticoke and
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 2/9
West Sandlake constituted one pastoral
charge. It has been graced by the presence
of such men as Braun, M'Carty, Goodman,
Senderling, Lefler, Schell, all of whom now
" rest from their labors/' their works testifying
to their fidelity as Christ's chosen ambassa-
dors. The building has been modernized
somewhat, but the main part of the original
structure still remains a monument to the zeal
and liberality of the congregation, and of their
considerate- regard for the comfort of their
pastor.
The church at West Sandlake has had to
pass through some severe trials. As has been
intimated by the schism in the Hartwick
Synod in 1837, in which the Rev. John D.
Lawyer, then its pastor, was one of the princi-
pal movers, a rupture was made in the con-
gregation. Many of the leading members
deserted the church and organized a new con-
gregation, which united with the Franckean
Synod. No small measure of antagonism
grew up between these two congregations,
standing almost side by side in the same small
village, which has continued more or less ever
since. The old congregation was necessarily
280 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
weakened by the organization of a rival con-
gregation and by the uncharitable feelings
which necessarily grew out of this movement.
But the faithful ones who, amidst many trials
of their patience, remained true to their con-
victions and to the faith and traditions of their
fathers, had the satisfaction to see the church
safely carried through all its trials and diffi-
culties, and established upon a foundation of
sound doctrine and wholesome discipline, from
which it can never be moved. The church
lives and flourishes to-day as a monument to
the zeal, piety and unfaltering devotion of
these godly men, and of the gracious watch,
care and protection of the Great Head of the
Church.
DANSVILLE, N. Y., LUTHERAN
CHURCH.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
The records of this church do not extend
beyond the year 1835. At that time there
was a union congregation of Lutherans and
German Reformed, mostly from Pennsylvania,
worshiping in the church on Main street.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 28 I
This church was erected about the year 1826,
that being the date on the corner-stone. At
the organization of the Hartwick Synod, the
Rev. D. Eyster was pastor of the Lutheran
congregation, and with the congregation united
with our Synod in 1 831. At that time Sparta
and Rush were included in the Dansville pas-
torate. The Rev. D. Eyster removed from
Dansville to Johnstown in 1835. The Rev.
M. J. Stover succeeded the Rev. D. Eyster,
and was pastor until 1840, when he was fol-
lowed by the Rev. L. Sternberg, who, owing
to infirm health, resigned in 1843, very much
to the regret of the congregation and the
whole community. During Rev. Sternberg's
ministry there was an extensive revival, especi-
ally at Woodsville, where a congregation of
nearly thirty members was organized; but
this organization was of short continuance.
About this time a controversy grew up be-
tween the Lutheran and German Reformed
congregations, which resulted in some unpleas-
ant litigation. The Lutheran congregation
obtained a second act of incorporation, and
determined to build a new church. Prominent
amongst the members and church officers at
282 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
this time were John Haas, sr., William Haas,
John Haas, jr., Wm. Weldy, John Hartman,
Peter Sherer, B. Pickett, John Littles, D. In-
gersoll, F. House, S. Jones, Elias Geiger, I. L.
Endress, Edmund Opp, Dr. S. L. Endress, and
others.
The Rev. John Selmser was chosen pastor
on the 30th of June, 1845, and soon after
entered upon his duties. About this time the
congregation resolved to build a new church,
but continued to worship in the old one until
December, 1847, when the new church being
completed, was dedicated according to the
forms usual in the Lutheran Church. The
new church was located on a very eligible lot
on the public square. It is a neat frame build-
ing, about 60 by 40, and is capable of seating
about SCO persons.
The congregation held its first annual meet-
ing in the new church on the 17th of January,
1848, when the Rev. J. Selmser presided and
the following officers were elected: Daniel
I ngersoU, trustee for three years; John Kohler,
elder; Geo. C. Drehmer, deacon; Shepherd
Jones, clerk; and John Haas, treasurer. At
this meeting it was resolved to insure the
church — a very wise precaution.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 283
Rev. John Selmser was pastor from 1845 to
1854, a period of nine years. Brother Selm-
ser's successor was the Rev. F. W. Brauns.
He remained one year, and subsequently went
over to the Presbyterian Church. The Rev.
C. H. Hersh followed the Rev. Brauns, and
was pastor only two years. The Rev. L. L.
Bonnell came in 1858. He was in frail health,
but was a man of deep piety, and more than
ordinary ability. He was pastor only one
year, having died very suddenly, from hemor-
rhage of the lungs, in the month of May,
1859, whilst visiting the Rev. P. A. Strobel, at
Lockport. The Rev. D. Swope followed Rev.
Bonnell, and served the charge four years,
from 1859 to 1863. The Rev. M. J. Stover
served a second time as pastor in 1864, for
one year. Then came the Rev. A. Wal-
dron, for a period of two years, when he was
compelled to resign from failing health. Rev.
John Selmser accepted a call for a second
term, and was pastor for five years, 1868 to
1873. Brother Selmser's successor was the
Rev. E. H. Martin, who served the charge one
year and nine months, when he resigned and
moved West. He subsequently united with
284 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
the Congregational Church, and is now pastor
at Perry, Wyoming county, N. Y.
The Rev. P. A. Strobel became pastor on
the 1st of October, 1875, and still holds the
position. The church is in good condition,
and is steadily, though not rapidly, growing.
Connected with the Dansville church is
ST. JOHN'S LUTHERAN CHURCH OF
THE TOWN OF SPARTA.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
This church was organized on the 1st of
July, 1837, whilst Rev. M. J. Stover was the
pastor at Dansville. The members, like those
of the Dansville congregation, were mostly
emigrants from Pennsylvania and their de-
scendants. At the meeting held, as stated
above, Rev. M. J. Stover presided, and Bern-
hard Hamsher was clerk. The act of incor-
poration of this church bears date June 12,
1837. The principal incorporators were
Michael Kline, Peter Kuhn, John Wombold,
Peter Trexler, Erhard Rau, and others. The
first officers were Erhard Rau and John
Kohler, Elders; Peter Trexler and B. Ham-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 28$
sher, Deacons; William Hamsher, Trustee;
Peter Trexler, Treasurer; S. G. Roberts,
Clerk. The register of members shows the
number to have been over sixty in 1838. The
Hst, as recorded - by Rev. J. Selmser in 1846,
indicates about one hundred members ; the
register for 1849, about the same number; in
that for i860, the number is reduced to about
fifty. The membership in 1880 is perhaps not
any larger than it was in i860. The causes
for this remarkable falling off in the member-
ship are, perhaps, removals, resulting in a dimi-
nution of the population, and the remarkably
small increase in the birth of children in the
families that remain. Besides, a number of
the older members have died, and several sects
have crept into the neighborhood, and many
have deserted the church of their fathers, fol-
lowing these new, and, in some cases, false
teachers. The church at Sparta has always
been served by the same pastor who preaches
in Dansville. The church edifice has recently
been repaired and very neatly painted. The
congregation is in a prosperous condition.
286 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
SECOND EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN
CHURCH, FAYETTE, N. Y.
BY REV. U. MYERS, PASTOR.
We are only able to give scraps of the his-
tory of the Second Evangelical Lutheran
church of Fayette, as gleaned from the church
record, and gathered from other sources. The
record is not as complete as it might be ; but
from it we learn that this congregation was
organized under the pastoral care of Rev.
James Lefler, on the 13th of November, 1846,
and in relation to its organization we find the
following entry : " We, whose names are here-
unto annexed, desirous of promoting the glory
of God and securing the salvation of souls,
believing the Bible to be the inspired word of
God and the only infallible rule of faith and
practice; believing also that the doctrines of
God's word are purely taught and its ordi-
nances properly administered in the Evangel-
ical Lutheran Church of the United States as
represented in its General Synod; hereby
organize ourselves into an Evangelical Luth-
eran congregation by the name of the Second
Evangelical Lutheran church of Bearytown, in
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 287
the county of Seneca, and State of New York ;
and we do adopt for our government the
Formula and Discipline of the Evangelical
Lutheran Church published by the General
Synod."
Names, — Christian Kuney (Sen.), Christian
Kuney (Jr.), John Brickley, Sarah Berkstres-
ser, Mary Ann Kuney, John Friedly, Frederick
Illick, Sarah Friedly, John Emerick, Polly
Emerick.
Thus we see that the present congregation
originated with ten members, nearly all of
whom have departed and are now members of
the church above. We notice also an increase
in the membership from year to year, until in
the last entry under the pastorate of Rev.
Lefler, thirty communicants are reported.
Numerous marriages, baptisms and deaths are
recorded during this period of nearly five
years, showing that there was arduous work
done for the Master by his servant who
labored in this church at that time.
Brother Lefler was succeeded by Rev. R.
Dederich, who continued as pastor of the
church about two years. The number of com-
municants had increased to forty when he left.
288 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
According to the church record, it appears
that Rev. M. J. Stover followed Rev. R. Ded-
erick as pastor. His first communion was held
in June, 1854, and his last in the charge August
31, 1856. Fifty names were enrolled at the
close of his pastorate. In 1857, Rev. A. Hiller
became pastor of the congregation. The last
communion season reported by brother Hiller
was in August, 1858. The next entry in the
record is by the hand of Rev. J. D. English, of
a communion service held on March 13th,
1859. On this occasion the holy sacrament
was administered to 104 souls. During the
previous winter God had graciously blessed
the labors of his servant and people who
united in praying and laboring for a revival of
religion.* The Lord gloriously revived his
work in the midst of the years, to the joy of
his people and of sinners then converted. Of
those saved at that time, a number remain in
the church' and are faithful. Some have re-
moved to other localities, and still others have
gone to their reward and rest on high. There
were additional accessions from time to time,
* In this revival, the pastor was aided by Rev. P. A.
StrobeL
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 289
during the period of the labors of brother
English. March 23d, 1862, is the last entry
made by him. The exact date of the begin-
ning and end of the different terms of pastoral
labor we cannot give, because not recorded.
As near as we can learn, Rev. Henry Keller
succeeded brother English, but remained only
one year. After him brother M. J. Stover was
recalled, and labored with the blessing of God
on his work from July, 1864, to April, 1867.
The membership had increased to about 120
when brother Stover left.
Rev. James Lefler was recalled, but remained
less than a year. He was succeeded by Rev.
A. L. Bridgman in 1868, who remained about
two years. Rev. M. M. Grove then ministered
unto this people as pastor from April ist, 1871,
to October ist, 1 87 1 . The number of members
reported at this time was 70.
Rev. V. F, Bolton was next called to labor
in this pastorate, and took charge in 1872.
The first record of a communion season is
April 14th, 1872. He remained pastor four
years. The exact number of accessions we
were unable to ascertain, but notice that there
19
290 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
were additions to the membership from time
to time.
July 20th, 1878, Rev. H. A. Strail took
charge and labored two years. During his
pastorate the church enjoyed a revival, cind
thirty persons united with the church as a
result. Upon his retiring from the charge.
Rev. V. F. Bolton was recalled, but did not
regularly enter the field again.
On the 1st of November, 1879, Rev. U.
Myers, the present pastor, commenced his
labors. The people were embarrassed by a
church debt, and considerably discouraged;
but on the nth of January, 1880, when the
installation services took place, they responded
to a call to pay the debt, and provided for it in
full. The present membership is 95, and the
church is in good working condition. The
church edifice is substantially built of brick,
with an excellent bell in its tower to call the
people to the house of the Lord, which is cen-
trally and beautifully located. There is a par-
sonage in the charge, and it is a very good
building, with pleasant grounds surrounding
it, and altogether a comfortable home for a
pastor.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 29I
This congregation can do a good work in
this community, as it has a broad field, being
the only Lutheran church in Seneca county.
It is needed, and fills an important place.
When and where the Church of the Reforma-
tion is known and understood, good can cer-
tainly be accomplished by her in the name of
the blessed Master. May the future history of
this congregation be glorious.
LUTHERAN CHURCHES IN GUILDER-
LAND, ALBANY CO., N. Y.
BY A. P. LUDDEN, PRESENT PASTOR.
Soon after the close of the war of the Rev-
olution, Rev. Peter Nicholas Sommer visited
Guilderland, preaching occasionally, and per-
forming ministerial services among the scat-
tered members of the Lutheran faith; but no
regular church organization was perfected
under his labors.
On the 13th of October, 1787, St. John's
Evangelical Lutheran church was duly organ-
ized, with Rev. Heinrich Moeller as its first
regular pastor; and at this date the records of
the church commence. The first communion
292 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
season noted was August nth, 1788, when 26
males and 32 females commemorated the
Saviour's dying love. Rev. Moeller was bom
in Hamburg, Germany, and came to this coun-
try when fourteen years old. Fortunately he
was taken under the fostering care of Rev. Dr.
Muhlenberg, of Philadelphia, who had known
his family in Germany. He remained with Dr.
Muhlenberg for several years, and studied
theology with him. He served as a chaplain
in Gen. Washington's army, during the Revo-
lutionary war. After the war he faithfully
served various Lutheran congregations in New
York and Pennsylvania. At one time he was
pastor of the Lutheran church in Albany, and
the first Lutheran house of worship in that city-
was erected under his ministry. He was also
pastor of the first Lutheran church in Harris-
burg, Pa., for seven years, where his labors
were greatly blessed. Among his early minis-
terial acts in Harrisburg was the baptism of
Rev. Benjamin Kurtz, D. D., for so many
years the distinguished editor of the Lutheran
Observer. He was a noble example of a pure
and devoted minister of Jesus Christ, He
sweetly fell asleep in Jesus, in Sharon, New
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 293
York, September, 1829, aged 80 years. The
following epitaph, written by himself, and
found among his papers, is inscribed on his
tombstone : " After a long and hard pilgrimage,
wherein I often erred, my Divine Saviour Jesus
Christ led me by his Holy Word and Spirit to
his glorious eternal home." He served the
church in Guilderland six years, and was suc-
ceeded by Rev. Mr, Mayers, who served St.
John's but a short time. His successor was
Rev. L. Merkel. He served the church
quite a number of years. Under his ministry
we find this remarkable record of a family bap-
tism: "Baptized on the 18th of March, 1820,
the following persons at the house of Mr.
Jonas Smith." Then follow the names and
ages of eleven children, the oldest being twenty-
five years, and the youngest four months and
one day. The record of this family baptism
thus closes: "All children of Jonas Smith.
Preached on the occasion from 2 Corinthians,
vi. 2."
In the year 1828 the church called as pastor
that devoted servant of God, Rev. Adam
Crownse, then a young man. At his first com-
munion he records the names of forty-seven
294 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
who had commemorated the Saviour's dying
love, and adds these words, " May God, of his
infinite mercy, grant that the above-recorded
souls may not only hold fellowship in this
world of sorrows, but eventually meet around
the throne of God in the life to come, and
there unite in singing the song of the Lamb ;
is the sincere wish and prayer of their servant
for Christ's sake." Adam Crownse,
Pastor loci.
About the year 183 1, God visited our land
with that terrible scourge, the Asiatic cholera.
The people humbled themselves under the ap-
palling judgments of Jehovah. Multitudes
turned to God in deep humiliation and peni-
tence. There were powerful and extensive re-
vivals of religion in all the Lutheran churches
in this section. Those devoted men of God,
Revs. P. Wieting, Selmser, Senderling, Lape,
Crownse, and Lintner, led their people out into
battle, and won glorious victories for the divine
Master.
On the 8th of July, 1832, the pastor records
the names of two hundred and twenty-five who
communed, one hundred of them having joined
the church on that occasion. From that date,
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 295
the congregation has been one of the largest
and most potential in the town of Guilderland,
and in Hartwick Synod. Other outpourings of
the Holy Spirit were enjoyed by the church
under brother Crownse's ministry, but none
so extensive. In the years 1847 and 1848,
Rev. A. L. Bridgman served St. John's as pas-
tor, Rev. Crownse having accepted a call from
the Lutheran church at Middleburg, N. Y.
But, after two years, brother Crownse was
called back to his old charge in Guilderland,
where he lived and toiled until the Master
called him to his rich reward in heaven. He
had a laborious charge, serving a portion of the
time, the Lutheran congregation in Knox, and
one also in Berne, in connection with St. John's.
He preached his last sermon May 1st, 1864,
having served the church faithfully for thirty-
five years. In the Minutes of Hartwick Synod
for 1864, the President speaks thus of the
death of this excellent man : " Our venerable
and beloved brother, Rev. Adam Crownse, was
permitted to leave the land of the dying, and
enter the home of the living, on the 1 3th of
May last; For more than a year he seemed to
dwell on Pisgah's summit, with the heavenly
296 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
land and the celestial city in full view. ' Mark
the perfect man, and behold the upright, for
the end of that man is peace/ "
Very rarely, indeed, do we find so happy an
illustration of this text, as in the holy life and
triumphant death of brother Crownse. His
funeral was attended by an immense concourse
of people, assembled to testify their love and
esteem for a good man, and look for the last
time upon the form of him who, for thirty-five
years, had faithfully ministered to them in holy
things. His long ministry was one of marked
ability, fidelity, and success. He leaves behind
a large congregation of spiritual children, and
is now associated with a vast number of such
in the ransomed church above. Dr. Lintner
preached the funeral discourse, paying an ap-
propriate and merited tribute of respect to the
memory of this veteran brother-soldier of the
Cross. Nine other clergymen took part in the
exercises." Rev. J. W. Lake succeeded brother
Crownse as pastor of St. John's. After a suc-
cessful ministry of four years and four months,
he accepted a call to Cumberland county. New
Jersey.
June 1st, 1869, Rev. David Swope was called
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 29/
to the pastorship of St. John's, and served the
congregation until April ist, 1875. In the
winter of 187 1, the church enjoyed a precious
revival, which resulted in some ninety additions
to the membership.
It was now evident to all the congregation
that the old church must be extensively re-
paired, or a new one built. The church and
parsonage stood in the country, midway be-
tween the villages of Guilderland Centre and
Knowersville, about two miles from either.
These villages were situated upon two rail-
roads, built some ten or twelve years before,
and neither of them had a church of any de-
nomination. Several meetings were held, and
the various propositions discussed — whether
the old church should be repaired, or torn
down and a new one erected in its place ; or
whether the old site should be abandoned, and
two new churches built, one in each village.
Many loved the old church dearly, where they
and their fathers had worshiped God so many
years. A thousand sweet and hallowed asso-
ciations clustered around that sacred old edifice.
To tear it down seemed like sacrilege. To leave
it was like leaving a dear home. But other de- *
298 MEMORIAL VOLUME,
nominations were awake to the importance of
occupying the villages. The Methodists had
purchased a lot in Knowersville, and were pre-
paring to build a church. At length, after
much discussion, St. John's wisely voted, by a
large majority, to abandon the old site, and forth-
with build a new church in each village. At the
same session, Mr. John Mann gave a beautiful
lot for the church in Guilderland Centre, and
Mr. Conrad Crownse one large enough for
church and parsonage at Knowersville. A few
were dissatisfied, but by judicious, careful man-
agement, serious trouble was avoided. Two
beautiful churches, costing in the aggregate over
^20,000, were erected simultaneously. The
one at the Centre was solemnly consecrated to
the service and worship of the Triune Jehovah
February 2 1st, 1872, and the one at Knowers-
ville three weeks later, March 14th. Funds
sufficient to pay all indebtedness incurred in
erecting both these churches were subscribed
at the consecration ; but owing to the pressure
of the times, some of these subscriptions were
never paid, and each congregation had subse-
quently to provide for a small indebtedness.
The congregation agreed to remain as a unit
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 299
for five years, though worshiping in two places.
They have since peacefully divided, Knowers-
ville retaining the old maternal name of St.
John's, and the twin sister adopting the name
of St. Mark's. The wisdom of building two
churches is mor^ and more apparent as the
years roll on. The large majority of the people
have the church much nearer to them, and we
have two large congregations, instead of one.
The Methodists, seeing the ground occupied at
Knowersville, have sold their lot, and wisely
abandoned all thought of building a church.
Taking the whole year, with fair and stormy
Sabbaths, more people attend either church
than formerly attended the old church in the
country, when they were united. The present
pastor has served both churches over five years.
Under his ministry, 121 have been received
into the church at Guilderland Centre, and 173
into fellowship with the church at Knowers-
ville. Each church sustains a large and inter-
esting Sunday-school. Hitherto the Lord
hath helped us. Devoutly thanking him for
past mercies, rich and undeserved, we will trust
him for the future.
Knowersville y December 30^ 1880.
300 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH
OF GALLUPVILLE, N. Y.
BY REV. W. P. EVANS.
The ground now occupied by this church
was, previous to the year 1854, a part of the
charges of Schoharie and Berne.
The old school-house, situated on the land
of John Shafer, was one of the preaching
places of Rev. G. A. Lintner, D. D., during
his long pastorate at Schoharie. The mem-
bers of his church in this vicinity were for
many years in the habit of meeting together
for prayer.
We hear also of a female prayer-meeting
maintained and well attended during at least
a part of this period.
About the year 1850, the Rev. L. Swack-
hamer, a godly man and an earnest preacher,
became pastor of the church at Berne. As
some of his members lived within easy reach
of Gallupville, he also occasionally preached
in the school house. Under his influence, and
perhaps at his suggestion, the propriety of
building a church began to be somewhat dis-
cussed.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3OI
When the project had been sufficiently
talked over, and a number of people had of-
fered contributions of money, Mr. Frederick
Shafer donating the land upon which the
church is built, it was deemed proper to begin
work. Accordingly a building committee,
consisting of Peter P. Schoolcraft, Dr. Ira
Zeh and Jacob Wm. Wolford, was appointed,
and the work was accomplished in due course
of time.
The first written record that we find is that
the erection of the church occurred in 1853,
and that it was -dedicated April 20, 1854. The
dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. Prof.
L. Sternberg, and the services continued in the
fternoon — preaching by Rev. S. Curtis.
The ministers present on this occasion were
Rev. G. A. Lintner, D. D., Prof. L. Sternberg,
L. Swackhamer, J. R. Keyser, S. Curtis, and
Rev. Mr. Garvin, of the M. E. church, together
with Rev. M. Bogardus, of the Reformed
church.
On the sixth day of May following, the breth-
ren of the Lutheran church in the vicinity held
a meeting in the new church, and formally or-
ganized themselves into a society for the wor-
302 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ship of God, and adopted the name of the
Evangelical Lutheran Church of Gallupville.
The meeting then proceeded to the election
of officers for the church, and having thus
complied with the requirements of the law,
unanimously resolved to extend a call to Rev.
L. Swackhamer, of Berne, to become pastor
of the church. This call was accepted, and
the first communion was held August 12,
1854. On this occasion the membership was
increased from ten to fifty -seven.
On August 23d, 1854, Peter J. Zeh was ap-
pointed commissioner to attend ihe meeting of
the Hartwick Synod, to be held at Dansville,
Livingston county, New York, and present
the application of the church for admission into
the Synod. He attended to this duty, and the
church was received by the Hartw^ick Synod
September 4, 1854.
There is no record of the resignation of
Rev. Swackhamer, but the last reception of
members under his ministry took place De-
cember 3, 1854, at which time the number was
increased to one hundred and twenty. There
is a record of an official act of Mr. Swack-
hamer in Berne on February 1 1, 1855, and a
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3O3
statement on the books of this church that the
third communion occurred June 17, 1855. So
it is probable that his pastoral relation to the
church ceased some time during the summer
of 1855.
In 1855, ^^^ Gallupville church was united
with Berne, and thus a new pastoral charge
was formed. The Hartwick Synod ratified
the union at its meeting in the fall of the
same year.
On the 1st day of June, 1856, the Rev. A. P.
Ludden took charge of the churches at Berne
and Gallupville. This relation continued for
eleven years. During this time there were
several revivals at Gallupville, and 187 mem-
bers were added to the church.
In 1867, the Gallupville church, by consent
of Synod, severed its connection with the
church at Berne, having determined to call and
support its own pastor. In the meantime the
officers and members of the church, with com-
mendable forethought, purchased some three
acres of land adjoining the church, and erected
a commodious and handsome parsonage, at an
expense of about |^,ooo.
On the 1st of April, 1868, Rev. Henry Kel-
304 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ler became pastor of the church, and remained
three and a half years. He received sixteen
new members into the church.
During the summer of 1871 preparations
were being made to remodel and repair the
church, and this work was carried forward
during the following winter. About ^800
were expended, and the church is now one of
the most beautiful and comfortable buildings
of the kind to be found anywhere.
On the 1st day of May, 1872, the church was
formally re-opened for the worship of God
— sermon by Rev. J. H. Heck, of Schoharie.
He was assisted in the service by Rev. A. P.
Ludden, Rev. Jas. Lefler, Rev. Wm. P. Evans.
Rev. J. H. Kershaw, of the Reformed church,
and Rev. E. E. Taylor, of the Methodist Epis-
copal church. At this time Rev. Wm. P.
Evans, took charge of the congregation, and
labored with some measure of success, having
been instrumental in adding fifty new members
to the church.
The Rev. W. P. Evans was succeeded by
Rev. J. R. Sikes, who continues until the pres-
ent time, and is preaching with much accept-
ance to the congregation.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3OS
ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, JOHNSTOWN,
NEW YORK.
BY REV. P. FELTS, D. D.
Among the first settlers of Johnstown was
a goodly number of pious Germans who be-
lieved the Augsburg Confession to be " a cor-
rect exhibition of the fundamental doctrines of
the divine Word." Some of these might have
come here direct from the land of Luther, but
the majority came from Schoharie and the set-
tlements along the Hudson.
Very early in their history they organized
themselves into a church, although the date of
such organization cannot now be ascertained.
This fact appears in an instrument of incorpo-
ration bearing date February 4, 1801. The
title of the church at that time was, "The Re-
formed Protestant German Lutheran Church
of the Western Allotment of Kingsboro."
They were at this time without a pastor.
Since the year 1801 this church has been
three times re-incorporated. First, December
16, 1 8 10, when its name was changed to "The
German Lutheran Church of Johnstown."
306 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Rev. Peter Wilheltn Domier was then pastor,
serving this congregation in connection with
Minden, Palatine and Stone Arabia. Michael
Moore, Peter Plantz and Christian Wirt were
at this date elected trustees. As they were
without a house of worship, they held their
religious services in the Episcopal church,
which they were allowed to occupy four Sun-
days in a year.
In the year 1815-16 their first church edi-
fice was erected at a cost of $3000. Peter
Fowler, Charles Laughery, and Wm. McDon-
ald, were the builders who contracted for its
erection with Michael Moore, Michael Swobe,
Christian Wirt, David Algyre and Adam
Plank, trustees. This edifice was fifty feet
long by forty wide. After its completion the
congregation had preaching once a month.
At this time the congregation lived principally
in two settlements — the one west of town,
called Johnson's Bush, and the other east of
town, called Albany Bush. Each settlement
had its own part of the church in which to
worship, the people entering by the eastern or
western door according to the Bush from
which they hailed. Equally particular were
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3O7
Aey in apportioning the expenses of the
church, the Albany Bush people, as the more
numerous wing, paying three fifths, and the
others two-fifths.
On Christmas day, 1 82 1, the society was
again re-incorporated under the the title of
" The Dutch Lutheran Church of Johnstown."
The trustees at this time were Michael Moore,
David Algyre and Christian Wirt.
The final re-incorporation, at which time the
church took its present name — " St. Paul's
Church, Johnstown, New York" — occurred on
December iith, 1826. Rev. John Peter Goert-
ner was then pastor, and at that meeting the
following officers were chosen : Trustees, Fred-
erick Plank, Michael Hallenbeck, and Michael
B. Heagle ; Elders, Michael Moore, Frederick
Plank, David Algyre, and Michael Swobe ;
Deacons, Balthus Hallenbeck, Frederick M.
Moore, John Argersinger, and Abraham Nei-
fer. This building served the congregation as
a house of worship fifty-six years.
At a congregational meeting held March
icth, 1827, a constitution was adopted, by
which the church was governed above a half
century. At this meeting the pastor, Rev.
308 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Goertner, because of failing health, tendered
his resignation, to the great regret of his
devoted people. He was the first pastor who
conducted services in the English language,
and although his pastorate was short, yet it
was fruitful of great and lasting good.
Rev. Thomas Lape was called as the suc-
cessor of the lamented Goertner, who for the
space of six years faithfully served the congre-
gation as pastor, and was then succeeded by
the Rev. David Eyster, whose pastorate ex-
tended over a period of twenty-one years.
During the early part of his ministry in St.
Paul's, the congregation at West Amsterdam,
known as St. Matthew's, was organized from
families belonging to this church. " To this
latter church he also ministered for several
years, giving them an afternoon service.
After the resignation of Rev. Eyster, the
church remained without a pastor for about
one year, when the Rev. Dr. Senderling was
unanimously called, and entered upon the
duties of his office May the ist, 1856. It was
during his ministry that the Sunday-school
was organized, with Mr. John Plantz as su-
perintendent, twenty-one scholars being pres-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3O9
ent at its first session. The school has had
since its organization only five superintendents,
viz., Mr. John Plantz, Rev. J. Z. Senderling,
and Messrs. Baker, James Putman, and
Barney Vosburgh, and is now in a prosperous
condition, having on its list thirty-three offi-
cers and teachers, and three hundred and seven
scholars.
Dr. Senderling's pastorate continued for
eleven years, when he resigned, and was suc-
ceeded by Rev. Marcus Kling, who remained
pastor a little less than three years.
The successor of Rev. Kling was Rev. P.
Felts, D. D., the present incumbent. He en-
tered upon the duties of his office June ist,
1870, and his ministry has been greatly blessed
of the Lord. A new church, 56x96 feet, with
a spire 146 feet high, and containing sittings
for six hundred and fifty, has been built, at a
cost, including furniture, of |!33,ooo. It has an
organ costing over ,^3,000, which is skillfully
handled. by Mr. W. H. Raymond, the organist
of the church. The present membership of
the church is three hundred and forty-three.
St. Paul's has sent forth five worthy laborers
as preachers of the everlasting gospel, viz.:
3IO MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Revs. David Swobe, John Selmser, James
Lefler, and Nicholas and Joseph Wirt.
WEST AMSTERDAM OR TRIBES HILL,
FULTON COUNTY, NEW YORK.
BY THE EDITOR.
This congregation was a colony for many-
years in connection with the church in Johns-
town. About the year 1835, a congregation
was organized by Rev. David Eyster, and for a
number of years was a part of the Johnstown
charge. The early records of the church hav-
ing been lost, it is impracticable to state when
the church edifice was built, or when the con-
gregation became a separate charge, seeking to
sustain its own pastor. The first pastor after
the separation was the Rev. M. J. Stover. Then
came in succession Revs. A. L. Bridgman, Ira
S. Porter, and H. Wheeler, Then Rev. M. J.
Stover was recalled. He was followed by Rev.
W, E. Traver, and he by Rev. S. Curtis, who
is the present pastor. These items are all that
could be obtained for this sketch. The Rev.
Curtis seems to be laboring acceptably and
successfully in this congregation. He reports
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3II
the present membership at seventy- five. Early
in the month of November, twenty-five new
members were added to the church. The Sab-
bath-school is small, but in a healthy con-
dition.
ZION'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN
CHURCH, KNOX, ALBANY
COUNTY, N. Y.
BY THE REV. LUTHER P. LUDDEN, THE PASTOR.
Nearly all the books and papers of this
church prior to 1828 have been lost, so that
very little of its early history is known, except
what is given in MunselFs Annuals and the
old church books of Schoharie and Guilder-
land.
7. Churches and Church Property,
About the year 1745 the members of the
Reformed and Lutheran churches in this
vicinity took up, under the church patent
law, a tract of land for a Reformed and Luth-
eran church lot and farm, containing forty-two
and six-tenths acres. Soon after. Rev. Peter
Nicholas Sommer, while pastor at Schoharie,
312 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
visited this neighborhood and organized a
Lutheran church. The first church and
school-house, a building twenty feet square,
was erected about 1750. In August, 18 10,
another building lot was purchased, and in the
fall the old church was removed to the new lot
and remodeled. In the spring of 1828, this
old church was torn down, and a new church
30x20 was framed, raised, and partlye nclosed;
but before the windows were put in or the
doors hung, the Reformed and Lutheran offi-
cers had some misunderstanding, and their dis-
agreement continued so long that the officers
resigned, and the society was thus completely
broken up, nothing remaining but the unfin-
ished church and the deed — all the other papers
and books were destroyed or lost. The win-
ter of 1828-29 and the summer and fall of
1829 passed, and nothing was done towards
finishing the church or reorganizing the con-
gregation until the 19th of December, 1829,
when a number of the former members, to-
gether with some others who helped support
the gospel, met and re-incorporated and char-
tered " Zion's Lutheran and Reformed church
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3I3
of the Helderberg/'* and as soon as weather
would permit the church was completed. -
In 1839, owing to some difficulties, the Re-
formed members withdrew and built a church
at Secors. On the 13th of October, 1839, Rev.
Adam Crownse fully reorganized Zion's Lu-
theran church at Knox, N. Y., with 51 mem-
bers. Twenty-one of said members were yet
living in April, 1881. In the year 1850, the
present church was erected, at a cost of ^1,200,
and on March 23, 1851, was dedicated to the
worship of the Triune God. Rev. Dr. Lintner,
of Schoharie, preached the sermon, Rev. Adam
Crownse, the pastor, conducting the other ex-
ercises. In 1868 and '69, the congregation
built its parsonage, through the untiring and
energetic efforts of Rev. A. N. Daniels.
Pastors,
The first record that we can find is, that in
1745, Rev. Peter Nicholas Sommer, then located
at Schoharie, at stated times preached and ad-
ministered the sacraments. From 1790 to
1800, the Rev. Henry Moeller preached occa-
*See Albany county book of church patents, vol.
1 1 page 186.
314 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
sionally. From 1800 to 1828, Revs. Miller
and Merkle occupied the pulpit. About the
year 1830, Rev. Adam Crownse became pastor,
in connection with Berne and Guilderland ; he
continued until 1844, when he resigned, and
removed to Middleburg, N. Y. In 1845 or '46,
Rev. A. L. Bridgman became pastor of Guil-
derland and Knox, Berne having secured a
pastor of its own. In 1848, Rev. Bridgman re-
signed, and in 1849 Rev. Adam Crownse again
became pastor, remaining until 1862. From
1862 until November 13, 1864, the church was
vacant; the pulpit was supplied monthly by the
members of the third conference. On Novem-
ber 13, 1864, Rev. A. N, Daniels became pas-
tor, remaining for over seven and a half years,
preaching his farewell June 3, 1872. Rev.
N. Klock was pastor from July ist, 1872, to
April I, 1875. The church was vacant about
a month, when Rev. A. Martenis, on May 3d,
1875, became pastor, remaining until the fall
of 1877, when he removed to New Jersey. In
June, 1878, he returned, preached a few times
during the summer, and in November, 1878,
he removed to Canton, 111. On November
24, 1878, Rev. Luther P. Ludden took charge,
and is the pastor now.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 315
Revivals.
No record was kept of the early revivals,
save that Rev. A. Crownse, while pastor, fre-
quently held four-day meetings. The first
revival that we have any record of is a twelve-
day meeting held in the spring of 1864, by
Rev. A. P. Ludden, when fifty professed faith
in Christ. In February, 1865, Rev. A. N.
Daniels, assisted by Rev. Levi Schell, held a
series of meetings. Good was done in awak-
ening the church, but no persons outside the
church were led to Christ. On the 8th of
January, 1871, Rev. Daniels, assisted by Rev.
Lefler, held a series of meetings continuing
five weeks, and fifty-four persons asked for the
prayers of God's people. Rev. N. Klock
commenced a series of meetings in December,
1872, continuing two or three weeks, with
twelve conversions. Rev. A. Martenis held a
series of meetings commencing February 2,
1876, and continuing six weeks, upwards of
twenty-five professing faith in our Lord and
Saviour. On the 26th of January, 1879, with
brother J. L. Snyder, a layman from Bruns-
wick, N. Y., to assist, the present pastor
commenced a series of meetings continuing
3l6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
twenty nights, and sixty were led by the Holy
Spirit to the foot of the Cross.
In all these years of the church's history,
we find only two going forth from all these
families to tell the story of the crqss — John
Gilbert Warner and Rev. James Pitcher ; the
former having died while in the Theological
Seminary at Gettysburg, the last named being
Principal of Hartwick Seminary, and filling
the Seminary pulpit.
Recapitulation.
Number of infants baptized, 190; number
received into the church, 250; losses by death
and removal, 134; present number of mem-
bers, 116.
ST. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTH-
ERAN CHURCH, LIVINGSTON.*
About 1764, a new Lutheran church was
organized in what is now the town of Living-
ston, about five miles from the Germantown
church. It was organized by Rev. Johann F.
Ries, who was then the pastor of the Lutheran
* By Rev. William Hull, in Lutheran Quarterly for
January, 1880.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3I7
churches at Germantown and Churchtown. A
church edifice was built, which lasted until
1 82 1, when a new house of worship was
erected For forty years this second house of
God sheltered the worshipers. In 1861 a
third sanctuary was reared, which, with a fine
parsonage, ample church sheds, and a beautiful
cemetery, now comprises the church property,
valued at eight or nine thousand dollars.
From the organization of the congregation
until 1798, it was served by pastors in connec-
tion with Churchtown and other places — from
that time until 1850 it was jointly served with
Germantown ; from 1851 until the present time
it has supported a pastor alone. The congre-
gation occupies a fine expanse of farming lands,
and extends three or four miles in every direc-
tion. It reports a membership of 150 com-
municants, and it embraces considerable wealth*
About fifty years ago, the English language
superseded the German in the services of the
sanctuary. The records of the church show
the following pastors during its history, viz:
Rev. Johann F. Ries, 1764- 179 1 ; Rev. John F.
Ernst, 1791-1800; Rev. Dr. Frederick H.
Quitman, 1800-1815; Rev. Dr. Augustus
3l8 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Wackerhagen, 1816-1850; Rev. H. Wheeler,
1851-1861 ; Rev. William H. Emerick, 1861-
1863; Rev. William 1. Cutter, 1863-1864;
Rev. John Selmser, 1865-1867; Rev. WiUiam
H. Emerick, 1868-1869; Rev. Joseph D.
Wert, 1870-1872; Rev. J. G. Griffith, 1872-
1874; Rev. James Lefler, 1 875-1 877; Rev,
J. A. Rosenberg, from 1877 to the present time.
This church was connected with the New York
Ministerium, from the organization of that
body in 1785 until 1853, when it applied for
admission to the Hartwick Synod and was re-
ceived. It has since been in union with that
ecclesiastical body.
LUTHERAN CHURCH, LOCKPORT,
NEW YORK.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
In the latter part of the year 1836, the Hart-
wick Synod, having ascertained that a number
of Lutheran families, mostly from Pennsylva-
nia, had settled at and near Lockport, commis-
sioned the Rev. John Selmser to labor amongst
them as a missionary. On the 20th of Feb-
ruary, 1837, a temporary organization was
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3I9
formed, with the name of " German Lutheran
and Reformed Church/' Samuel ShaefTer,
Jonas Blank and Solomon Dunkelberger, were
elected trustees, each receiving eighteen votes.
Philip Shook, Sr., and Solomon Dunkelberger
were elected elders, Jacob Mosse and Isaac
Mapes, deacons, Jacob B. Shimer, treasurer,
and William Stahl, clerk.
On the 9th March, 1837, a meeting was
held in the Court House, and a church organ-
ized under the corporate name of " Evangelical
Lutheran church of the Town and Village of
Lockport."
Under the new act of incorporation, Messrs.
Sol. B. Moore, Stephen Keck, and William
Stahl, were elected trustees. Rev. John Selm-
ser acted as chairman, and Mr. Jonas Blank
as Secretary. The church records do not
show who were the corporate members, nor
the number of communicants when the church
was organized.
On the 15th of February, 1837, a subscrip-
tion was opened for building a brick church
on lot No. 18 West Main street, in the village
of Lockport. The lot was donated by Mr.
Hawley.
320 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
The church was built on this lot, and must
have been dedicated the early part of 1838, as
a meeting was held in it on 28th February,
1838, for the election of officers. The church
was 60x44 feet, and contained fifty-eight slips
(or pews) on the lower floor, besides galleries
on three sides. *
The Rev. John Selmser, who had organized
the congregation, and under whose direction
the church was built, was of course the first
pastor, and sustained that relation until the
latter part of the year 1845, being a period of
over eight years.
Rev. Selmser was succeeded by Rev. N. W.
Goertner, who remained only one year. Then
came Rev. E. Myer, for one year. Rev.
Thomas Lape became pastor in 1848, and sus-
tained that relation for two years. It was
whilst Rev. Lape was pastor that the congre-
gation removed the church from West Main
street to its present location. Rev. H. L. Dox
followed Rev. Lape, and was pastor for five
years. Rev. Dox was succeeded by Rev. W.
H. Luckenbach, who served the church two
years. Rev. P. A. Strobel followed Rev.
Luckenbach, and was pastor a little over two
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 32 1
years. During Mr. S.'s stay in Lockport, the
church was handsomely frescoed and painted,
and gas was introduced. The interior arrange-
ment of the church was also much improved.
All the expenses connected with these repairs
were met, and not one dollar of debt was
incurred The^e were also extensive revivals
of religion, and over sixty members were added
to the church.
Upon the resignation of Rev. Strobel, the
Rev. H. L. Dox was recalled, but he remained
less than two years. Since the removal of Rev.
Dox, the congregation has had the following
pastors : Rev. M. Ort, Rev. D. M. Moser, Rev.
B. W. Tomlinson. The latter brother under-
took the task of having the church remodeled
and refitted ; but through too much physical
and mental effort connected with this work, he
died upon the very eve of seeing all his
sacrifices crowned with complete success.
Brother Tomlinson was succeeded by the
Rev. Philip Graif, who is the present pastor.
The following notice from the Lockport Daily
Union will give some idea of the condition and
prospects of the church :
" It is Highly gratifying to the whole cqm-
21
322 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
munity to note the present advance and pros-
perity of the English Lutheran church of this
city. Recently its edifice has been greatly
improved, inside and outside, and made alto-
gether one of the neatest and cosiest places of
worship, besides being one of the most central
in the city. The late much-lamented Rev.
Mr. Tomlinson began the task of renovating
and beautifying the interior, which, under hands
of skilled labor, has been transformed into a
fine auditorium, and the new departure, so hap-
pily begun by the deceased pastor, has been
fully completed by his successor. Counting in
the work of inside remodeling, the fresco paint-
ing, and the elegant new carpets and pulpit
furniture, and the magnificent crystal chande-
lier, and the excellent steam-heating apparatus
newly put in, and the new roof, and the hand-
some new dress of light gray paint covering
the whole exterior, the cost of improvements
all sum up about |!i,6oo, or more, and of this
amount a little over ;^200 remain as yet unmet.
The present pastor. Rev. Philip Graif, has con-
sented to deliver, before long, a course of three
lectures on his travels in Europe in order to
liquidate every dollar of the church debt."
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 323
FRIEDENS CHURCH, NIAGARA
COUNTY, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.
A brief sketch of this church is given here,
because, historically, it is intimately connected
with the church at Lockport. It is generally
supposed that it was organized by Rev. J. Selm-
ser, at the same time as the Lockport church,
i. e., about the year 1836. Amongst the prin-
cipal members at that time were George Dy-
singer, Wm. Preish, John Miller, Solomon
Hollenbeck, Isaac Dysinger, Simon Strouse,
John and Henry C. Williard, John and Jonas
Shuck, and others. The church was served by
the pastors from Lockport until 1858, when
the Rev. W. 1. Cutter was called as their
pastor. He served them, in connection with a
small church called the Block church, for
about three years, when he resigned. This
church was then again connected with the
Lockport charge, and the connection still con-
tinues. Efforts are now being made to dis-
band the organization at Friedens, and blend
the membership with that of the church in
Lockport. This ought to be done, and if the
324 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
movement is successful it will be decidedly to
the advantage of both churches.
THE MARYLAND MISSION.
BY REV. JAMES PITCHER.
In the year 1866 there were living at Mary-
land, Otsego county, N. Y, three Lutheran
families who had settled in this county from
the vicinity of Seward, Schoharie county.
They were Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Cross, Mr. and
Mrs. Judson Cross, and Mr. and Mrs. R.
Winne. These people, warm in their love for
the Church of the Reformation, and seeing a
prospect for the building up of a village at
this point on the Albany and Susquehanna
Railroad, which was just being built through
this section, were anxious to secure the preach-
ing of the Word by a minister of their own
faith. The Franckean Synod, to which
they belonged, on looking over the ground,
became so impressed with the importance of
this point that they sent Rev. John Kling, then
a student at Hartwick Seminary, to occupy the
ground as a missionary of that Synod.
Mr. Kling entered upon his labors there in
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 32$
November, 1866. *• My work," says he, "was
arduous in many respects, yet God, I believe,
blessed my labors. During the following win-
ter I held a series of evening meetings in the
school house. Some were, I trust, converted
to Almighty Gpd. In the month of May,
1867, I organized a Lutheran Church, and in
the month of June, this church was received
into the Franckean Synod."
Mr. Kh'ng remained at Maryland only nine
months, when he received and accepted a call
to some other charge. Before leaving Mary-
land, for some reason unknown to uS, he gave
letters of dismissal to most of the members of
the new organization, the effect of which was
that at the removal of Mr. Kling the organiza-
tion of the church was practically abandoned.
On the resignation of Mr. Kling, the people
at Maryland made an engagement with Geo.
W. Enders, who was then pursuing his theo-
logical studies at Hartwick Seminary, to serve
them. Mr. Enders began to preach at Mary-
land in the year 1867, and found there twelve
persons who wished to be associated and
recognized as members of the Lutheran Zion.
Instead of reviving the old organization, which
326 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
he believed to be legally defective in several
important particulars, Mr. Enders effected an
entirely new organization, which was consum-
mated on the nth day of April, 1868, by the
reception of eleven persons into regular mem-
bership with the church. One more united
on the following day, April 12th.
Mr. Enders, on assuming charge of Mary-
land, became a licentiate, ad interim^ of the
Hartwick Synod. Naturally enough, he de-
sired to have his protege assume the same
ecclesiastical relation. An application was
made to the Hartwick Synod in September,
1868, and the congregation was duly received
as a member of that body. During the suc-
ceeding winter, Mr. Enders conducted a meet-
ing of considerable duration, and the Divine
presence was remarkably manifest. As the
result of this meeting he received forty-two
souls into fellowship with the church. Thirty-
three of this number joined at one time — April
17, 1869 — seven joined May 23, and two joined
on a later day. With this large accession, and
with the growing interest, it became necessary
to consider the question of building a church.
Nor was the work delayed. Dr. Lintner, then
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 327
President of the Hartwick Synod, in his annual
report for 1869, speaking of Maryland, says:
" On the first day of August I laid the corner-
stone of a house of worship to be erected by
this congregation. I preached the sermon on
this occasion, and Rev. J. W. Lake and Mr. G.
W. Enders were also present and delivered ad-
dresses, which were received with deep interest
by the people engaged in this new and praise-
worthy enterprise."
In his report the following year, Dr. Lintner
says : " A new Lutheran church was dedicated
to the worship of Almighty God, at Maryland,
Otsego county, on the 20th of January, 1869.
I preached the dedication sermon, and was as-
sisted in the services by Rev. Messrs. Lefler,
English and Enders. Rev. Messrs. Ludden,
Swope and Schell, and several ministers of
other denominations, were also present and
participated in the exercises of the occasion."
The church is a comfortable and tasty edi-
fice 36 by 50 feet, and cost something over
113000. Of this amount Mr. Enders, by per-
mission of Synod, raised $6g6.4i as follows:
Sharon, ^19; West Sandlake, ^77.82 ; Berne,
^100; Knox, ^26.80; Guilderland, ;?I39.07;
328 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Schoharie, ;^7i.55; Richmondville, j!ioi.37;
Brunswick, ;^76.5o; Johnstown, ;g5 3.97; Gallup-
ville, ILi.6.23. The remainder of the amount,
except about $600, was raised at Maryland.
To make this record complete, it becomes
necessary to mention a fact which did not so
much affect the mission at Maryland as it. did
the Synods with which the congregation had
been connected. The Franckean Synod took
exceptions to the action of the Hartwick
Synod in receiving into its fellowship a mis-
sion which they claimed belonged to them by
'^ priority of occupation." The discussion aris-
ing out of this question was for the most part
dignified, and we believe has been satisfactorily
settled and mostly forgotten. The limits of
this sketch will not permit a resume; we
therefore refer those who would pursue the
question further to the minutes of the Hart-
wick Synod for 1869, pp. 32-39.
Early in October, 1869, Mr. Enders accepted
a call from Bridgeton, N. J.
At that time Mr. James Pitcher was about
to finish his theological studies at Hartwick
Seminary. To him the people looked for
help; and an arrangement was made by which
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 329
Mr. Pitcher was to preach at Maryland on
Sabbath, while pursuing his studies at the
Seminary. At the end of the year the relation,
which was mutually satisfactory, was continued
for another year, and until he returned to the *
Seminary as professor in that institution. Mr.
Pitcher preached his first sermon at Maryland,
under this arrangement, on the 31st day of
October, 1869, the anniversary of the Reform-
ation, which occurred on Sunday in that year.
During the two years which he served them
he added eight members to the church. He
also inaugurated and carried through to com-
pletion the enterprise of building a tasty and
commodious shed of thirteen stalls, a much-
needed improvement. On the first of No-
vember, 1 871, at the expiration of the arrange-
ment with Mr. Pitcher, the church again
became vacant.
Again Maryland sought help from Hartwick
Seminary, whence it had been supplied three
times before. Here they found Mr. H. A,
Strail, pursuing the last year of his theological
course. An arrangement was effected under
which Mr. Strail began to preach at Maryland
in the month of February, 1872. This service
330 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
continued for about one year and three months,
and until Mr. Strail was duly licensed by his
Synod, the Franckean, and had accepted a call
within its bounds. Concerning Mr. Strail's
service at Maryland, we will let him speak for
himself:
"In the month of September, 1872, I at-
tended a meeting of the Hartwick Synod, at
Berne, Albany county, and stated the condition
of this church before that body : and, in behalf
of the church, requested the Synod to pay off
the church debt, and take suitable legal obliga-
tions for the same. The Synod responded by
passing the following :
** Resolved, That this Synod offer to the congregation
at Maryland to loan them in cash (without interest)
$500, toward the liquidation of their debt, taking suit-
able obligation for the same, provided they agree to
raise the renjaining amount necessary to the payment
of their debt.
"The church accepted the proposition, and
the debt (about ;^65o) was cancelled. Thus
ended one long and severe struggle in a severely
oppressed mission field.
"On the first Sabbath of April, 1873, we
preached our last sermon for them, commend-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 33 1
ing them to God and the word of his grace,
which IS abl& to build them up and give them
an inheritance among all them that are sancti-
fied."
So Maryland again became a flock without
a shepherd. At this period in the experience
of the mission it becomes interesting to take a
retrospect. It must be remembered that all of
the services rendered up to this time were by
students, and that in the strict sense of the
term, Maryland had never had a settled pastor ;
yet an inventory of results shows that the mis-
sion possesses a fine church edifice, with ample
site and commodious sheds, without a dollar
of debt. The congregation consists of sixty-
two members, less six who had been dismissed
by letter, and one removed by death ; leaving
a membership of .fifty-five. The congregation
has a good standing in the Synod, and a good
report in the community. If then so much
has been accomplished under such apparent
disadvantage, what might not a settled pastor
hope to accomplish ?
Notwithstanding these encouragements, no
efforts looking towards the settlement of a
pastor were made till the summer of 1874,
332 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
more than a year after the services of Mr.
Strail had closed. Rev. A. MarBenis, then a
theological student in the Seminary at Gettys-
burg, Pa., was about to graduate from that insti-
tution in June. He visited Maryland, and was
called to become their pastor, and accordingly
began to preach about the first of July, 1874.
Meanwhile petition was made to the Board of
Home Missions for aid, and the Board gener-
ously appropriated ;^300 toward the salary of
Mr. Martenis. This relation, from which so
much was hoped, only continued for nine
months, when Mr. Martenis resigned the
charge. During a period of over three years
there had been no accessions to the member-
ship; quite a number of the members had
meanwhile removed to other localities, and
others had lost their first love and become
practically dead to the church; so th^t the con-
dition of affairs succeeding the administration
of Mr. Martenis was anything but hopeful. Of
material from which to gather a large congre-
gation there seemed to be plenty, and again,
during the summer of 1877, ^^^ years after
the resignation of Mr. Martenis, another effort
was made to secure a shepherd who should
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 333
feed the scattering flock and gather others into
the fold. The people at Maryland responded
nobly with liberal subscriptions. The Board
of Home Missions, together with the Confer-
ence and Synod, seconded the endeavor by
another appropriation to the mission, and the
congregation, thus encouraged, extended an
uiranimous call to Rev. E. Potter to become
their pastor. This call Mr. Potter accepted,
and he entered upon his labors at Maryland
about the 1st of October, 1877. Mr. Potter
labored in this field for three years, up to the
1st of October, 1880. During this tinie he
reported a net increase of thirty members.
The temporal affairs of the church also re-
ceived proportionate attention. The improve-
ments include a new steeple, a cabinet organ,
a pipe organ, four chandeliers, and other simi-
lar evidences of temporal prosperfty. In his
annual report for 1879, Rev. Dr. Felts, the
President of Synod, says: "It is with no
small degree of pleasure that I am permitted
to remind you of the fact that we meet to-day
on new territory — in both a county and a
church in which a Lutheran Synod has never
before been held, and with a people who have
334 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
struggled long and faithfully to protect, nour-
ish, and make fruitful this vine of the Lord's
planting."
At the present writing the mission is still
vacant, although measures are under consider-
ation with a view to the early settlement of a
pastor. Meanwhile, Mr. B. E. Fake, a student
of Hartwick Seminary, is supplying the pulpit
ST. MARK'S CHURCH, MIDDLEBURG,
SCHOHARIE COUNTY, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.*
This church is another ofif-shoot from St.
Paul's at Schoharie Court House. It is located
in the centre of the village of Middleburg,
which is situated near the Schoharie creek,
and nestles calmly amidst beautiful and ro-
mantic hills. The congregation was organ-
ized by Dr. Lintner, with about fifty members,
on the 17th day of May, 1824. Amongst its
prominent members were the Boucks, Beckers,
Van Aukens, Bellingers, Borsts, Wellses, Man-
nings and others.
* Some data for this article were furnished by Revs.
J. D. English, A. Martin, C. S. Sprecher and J. S,
Harkey.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 335
The first house of worship was dedicated on
the 30th of October, 1824. Dr. Lintner served
this church in connection with Schoharie,
preaching with his usual ability and success.
In the years 1832 and 1833 he received by
confirmation 103 members, and during all his
ministry there were additions to the church,
showing that it was in a healthy, growing con-
dition.
Dr. Lintner resigned in 1843, ^^^^ having
ministered to the congregation for nineteen
years, leaving here, as elsewhere, much fruit
of his ministry. He was succeeded by the
Rev. James Lefler, then quite a young man,
who resigned after having served the congre-
gation, in connection with Breakabeen, about a
year.
The Rev. Adam Crownse succeeded Rev.
Lefier in 1845.- He also took the congregation
at Breakabeen as a part of his charge. Rev.
Crownse remained in this field until 1848, a
period of nearly four years. He labored here
with his wonted zeal and fidelity, and the
church prospered under his care.
The Rev. Levi Sternberg was chosen pastor
in 1848, and remained only two years, when
33^ MEMORIAL VOLUME.
he resigned, to accept the principalship of
Hartwick Seminary.
The Rev. N. H. Cornell followed Professor
Sternberg, serving the pastorate faitlifully for
three years, or from 1850 to 1853. He was a
young man, full of hope and full of zeal ; and if
his ministry was not as successful as he antici-
pated, the fault may not have been altogether
with him.
The Rev. John D. English, of Ghent, N. Y.,
a licentiate of the New York Ministerium, suc-
ceeded Rev. Cornell, and entered upon his du-
ties on July 1st, 1854. His ministry seems to
have been successful, as he reported an addi-
tion of 24 members as the result of his first
year's labors.
On the 1st day of April, 1855, the congrega-
tion at Middleburg met with a very serious
calamity in the complete destruction of their
church edifice by fire. This conflagration,
which swept a large part of the village, occurred
on Sabbath morning. Families remote from
the village came to worship, as was their cus-
tom, but, to their surprise and sorrow, found
their church reduced to ashes. Within a few
days after this catastrophe, the congregation
HrSTORICAL SKETCHES. 337
met, and, with a commendable zeal and liber-
ality, resolved to re-build their church. The
work was promptly commenced, and much
progress was made during the summer and
fall ; but, owing to the very severe winter, it
had to be suspended, and the church was not
completed until the spring of 1856. The dedi-
cation sermon was preached by the Rev. J. R;
Keiser, of Schoharie, and the liturgical ser-
vices were performed by Rev. P. A. Strobel, at
that time stationed at Cobleskill. It should be
noted here, that whilst the Lutheran congre-
gation were building their new church, the
Consistory of the Dutch Reformed church
very generously offered the congregation the
use of theirs one-half of each Sabbath.
Entering their new church with a fresh con-
secration to Christ on the part of the pastor
and people, God vouchsafed to them a signal
evidence of his approval. During the follow-
ing year the congregation enjoyed a precious
revival, and the pastor, assisted by the Rev.
J. Z. Senderling, admitted to the Church forty
members by the rite of confirmation. During
Mr. English's stay at Middleburg, he reported
accessions at almost every communion, show-
22
338 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ing that the Church must have enjoyed much
prosperity under his ministry. Mr. English's
connection with the Middleburg pastorate ter-
minated on November ist, 1858.
The Middleburg church, after being vacant
for nearly two years, extended a call to the
Rev. Adam Martin, which was accepted, and
he entered upon his duties on November ist,
1 861. Having been so long without a pastor,
and some difficulties having grown up in the
congregation, there was much demoralization,
amounting to a partial disintegration of the
Church. The Rev. Martin had " practically to
reorganize the congregation, de novo. The
Church books had all been lost, and nearly all
of the church council had mutually dismissed
each other to the Methodist church, in conse-
quence of a union revival in said church."
The Rev. Martin severed his connection with
the congregation on May ist, 1865, and has
since that time been Professor of German in
Pennsylvsrnia College. The church enjoyed
quiet and no small measure of prosperity whilst
he was pastor.
The Rev. D. Swope was Rev. A. Martin's
successor, and sustained the pastoral relation
. HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 339
here only until 1867. The last year of his
ministry he reported nearly forty accessions by
baptism, confirmation and letter. He repre-
sented the condition of the church to be favor-
able. From this charge, Rev. Swope went to
Guilderland.
During the year and a half which elapsed
between the resignation of Rev. D. Swope and
the settlement of Rev. C. S. Sprecher, the con-
gregation determined to repair and improve
their house of worship. They raised and ex-
pended $6000 in this work. They thus made
their church one of the most comfortable and
attractive in the bounds of the Synod. The
church, thus remodeled and refitted, was re-
dedicated on the 4th day of October, 1870.
The Rev. A. C. Wedekind, D. D., of New
York, preached the dedication sermon.
The Rev. C. S. Sprecher became the suc-
cessor of Rev. D. Swope in 1870, and united
with the Kartwick Synod the same fall. He
remained only a year and six months. His
object in resigning was "a desire to return to
Wittenberg College, to pursue a special course
of study in mental science." This brother
says .on a card : " During my ministry the
340 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
membership more than doubled. One remark-
able work of grace I remember especially,
during which I was assisted by Revs. A. P.
Ludden and S. P. Sprecher, of Albany, and
following which about eighty (80) persons
united with the church."
On the night of the 19th of March, 1872,
the parsonage, being at the time occupied by a
tenant, was burned. This was quite a heavy
loss to the congregation, as the property was
not insured. But in the course of a year the
brethren, with their usual energy and liberality,
determined to build on the old site another
residence for their pastor. They erqcted a
commodious two-story house, 32 by 32 feet, at
a cost of 1^3000, thus furnishing a comfortable
home for the pastor's family in one of the most
pleasant localities in the village of Middle-
burg, a monument to the enlightened zeal and
devotion of the congregation.
The Rev. C. P. Whitecar entered this field
on the 1 2th of November, 1873, and resigned
on August 1st, 1875, having remained less
than two years.
The Rev. J. S. Harkey, the present pastor,
commenced his labors here on the first of
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 34I
March, 1876, and was installed on the 22d day
of the same month, Revs. L. D. Wells and Ira
S. Porter officiating. He preaches with accept-
ance and profit to his people. He is a laborious
pastor, aft earnest and efficient worker in the
Sunday-school, and is devoting his talents and
energies to the education of his congregation
in a correct knowledge of the doctrines of the
Church, and in making them intelligent, liberal
and devoted Christians.
The church under his ministry is enjoying
no small share of prosperity. It is in a very
favorable condition both spiritually and finan-
cially. "Three years ago a debt of |liSoo on
the parsonage was paid, so that now the
church property is free from debt, in good
repair, and will compare favorably with any
church property in the country. God has
blessed his Word to the conversion of souls.
During the past five years, the present pastor
has admitted sixty-two members. The Sab-
bath-school is in a flourishing condition. The
whole outlook of the congregation is favorable,
and the pastor has entered upon his sixth year
with every ground for encouragement, and with
much reasonable hope for the future growth
and permanent development of the church."
342 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
RICHMONDVILLE, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.*
The Lutheran church at this place owes its
existence to the missionary labors of the Rev.
John Selmser, who began his ministry here in
183 1, in the employ of the Hartwick Synod.
When he entered upon his work, it was under
most discouraging circumstances. For the
want of a house of worship, he was compelled
to preach for some time in an old barn. Sub-
sequently the use of the ball-room in the vil-
lage hotel was secured. In the first year of
brother S.*s ministry fifteen members united
with the church, and during the second year,
forty-six. About the year 1833, the Lutherans
and Methodists built a union church, but with-
in two years the Lutherans bought out the in-
terests of the Methodists, and thus became sole
owners of the church edifice, much to the grati-
fication of all our people. The Rev. Selmser
served the church at Richmondville with great
acceptance and usefulness until the year 1836,
when he resigned, and accepted a call to
another field.
* Some data were furnished by Rev. J. S. Paul.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 343
About this time occurred the schism in the
Hartwick Synod, which resulted in the organ-
ization of the Franckean Synod. This division
in the Synod created two parties in the church
at Richmondville. The party adhering to the
Hartwick Synod called as their pastor the Rev.
W. H. Watson, who was then preaching at
Cobleskill. Mr. Watson served the congrega-
tion from 1837 to 1842, and from that time the
Cobleskill and Richmondville churches became
one pastorate, and so continued until 1 85 8, both
churches being served by the pastor, who re-
sided at Cobleskill.
Thjit part of the congregation which went
over to the Franckean Synod called the Rev.
N. Van Alstine as their pastor. The two par-
ties continued to worship in the same church,
dividing the time between them ; but after the
division neither party made any progress.
This was to have been expected as a necessary
consequence. " A house divided against itself
cannot stand." In fact, each party became
weakened — so much so, that neither one was
able to keep the church edifice in anything
like decent repair; and by the year 1855 it was
in such a wretched condition that, in the
344 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
winter, it could not be used with any comfort,
either to the pastor or the congregation.
In the month of March, 1858, when the
Rev. Benjamin Diefendorf was pastor of the
Franckean part of the congregation, and the
Rev. P. A. Strobel was serving Richmondville,
in connection with Cobleskill, a successful ef-
fort was made to unite the two parties at
Richmondville, and remove and repair the
church. Mr. Strobel proposed the plan of
union, which was adopted by both parties.
The plan was that upon the union being
formed, and the church edifice being refitted,
Mr. S. would surrender the pastoral charge of
the congregation to the Rev. Benjamin Diefen-
dorf, who was pastor of the Franckean part of
the congregation, but upon the death or re-
moval of Mr. D., the congregation should be
transferred to the Hartwick Synod, and should
thereafter call a pastor belonging to that Synod.
This plan was carried out. The church was
very nicely refitted — a handsome spire being
added to it — and the audience-room furnished
with new carpets, lamps, etc. The church,
thus renewed, was re-dedicated in the fall of
1858, Revs. V. F. Bolton, Benjamin Diefen-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 345
dorf and P. A. Strobel taking part in, the ser-
vices. Mr. Strobel then left the church under
the pastoral care of Rev. Benjamin Diefen-
dorf, who served it for some time very accept-
ably.
After the removal of Mr. Diefendorf, the
church was served by Rev. Ira S. Porter, and
subsequently by Rev. A. P. Ludden, in con-
nection with the Cobleskill Church.* The
church then made an effort to support its own
pastor, and was served by the Rev. S. Curtis
and Rev. John Selmser. Here the Rev. Selm-
ser suddenly closed his arduous ministerial
career ; and it is worthy of note that this church
had owed its existence to his zeal and success-
ful labors here as a missionary. Upon the
death of Rev. Selmser, the church was for some
time supplied by Rev. P. Bergstresser, Profes-
sor in Hartwick Seminary. Rev. C. L. Bar-
ringer followed Rev. Prof. Bergstresser, and
served about two years.
In the year 1877, through the energy and
* During Rev. Porter's ministry there was an exten-
sive awakening. About one hundred and seventy
persons professed conversion, seventy-five of whom
united with the church.
346 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
liberality of Mr. James Harroway, aided by
other brethren, the church edifice was remod-
eled and very much improved, so that for its
size it is one of the handsomest and most at-
tractive churches in the bounds of Synod.
The Rev. J. S. Paul is the present pastor, and
is serving the congregation with much earnest-
ness, and with the prospect of great usefulness.
ST. PAUUS CHURCH, SCHOHARIE, N. Y.
COMPILED BY REV. P. A. STROBEL, FROM MEMO-
RANDA FURNISHED BY REV. J. H. HECK.
The first white settlement in the county of
Schoharie was made about the year 1 711, by
German Palatinates. They came over the pre-
vious year under the patronage of Queen
Anne of England, and settled at the East and
West Camps, on the Hudson River. Many of
these Germans found their way to the valley
of the Schoharie, and settled in several villages
or dorfs, as they were called, under the direc-
tion of seven men who had previously been
their captains or commissaries.
These Germans were Lutherans, and for
many years they were without a pastor or any
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 34/
place of worship. They met, however, in pri-
vate houses, and some layman would conduct
the services and read for their edification some
approved .sermon. They had, however, occa-
sionally the pastoral services of Rev. W. C.
Berkenmyer, who at that time was located at
Loonenberg (now Athens), on the Hudson
River. It is not known at what time precisely
the congregation at Schoharie was organized.
On the 7th of September, 1742, a call was ex-
tended to the Rev. Peter Nicholas Sommer, a
native of the city of Hamburg, to become the
pastor. The call was accepted, and he was or-
dained in his native city on the 21st of Sep-
tember, 1742. He arrived in London on the
2Sth of November, 1742; left London March
10, 1743; reached New York on the 21st of
April, having made the passage in about forty-
one days, a remarkably short one at that time.
The new pastor reached Schoharie on the 25 th
of May, 1743, and preached his introductory
sermon on the 30th day of the same month.
There was no doubt great rejoicing amongst
these devoted people at the prospect of having
a stated pastor, and enjoying all the means of
grace, after so many years of spiritual desti-
34^ MEMORIAL VOLUME.
tution; for they had been indeed a flock
without a spiritual shepherd.
Soon after the settlement of Pastor Sommer,
steps were taken to organize the congregation
regularly and elect church officers. The first
officers whose names are recorded were Abra-
ham Berg and Michael Freymauer, elders ;
Henry Schaeffer and Peter Loewenstein, dea-
cons. The first session of the vestry was held
on the 1st of June, 1743. At this meeting it
was resolved to build a parsonage, which was
to serve as a residence for the pastor, and tem-
porarily as a place of public worship. The
Lord's Supper was administered by the Rev*
Sommer, for the first time, on the 30th of
July, 1843. O^^ hundred communicants were
present, and the occasion was one of great
solemnity and heart-felt joy to the earnest
Christians, who, exiled from their native land,
and for many years deprived of the religious
privileges which they esteemed so highly, were
now to have a settled pastor, and were hence-
forth to enjoy regularly all the services of the
sanctuary, including the administration of the
holy sacraments.
The new parsonage which the vestry had
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 349
resolved to build was completed, and the first
service was held in it on the 12th of Septem-
ber. This was only a little over three months
from the time that the resolution was adopted
to erect the parsonage. With them it seems
that to resolve was to do, and to do promptly
and energetically. It is to be regretted that
Lutherans of the present day have not more
of the same spirit. May the great Head of
the Church endow us with it!
The congregation at Schoharie continued to
hold public worship in the parsonage until the
year 1750, when they determined to build a
church. The corner-stone for this edifice was
laid on the loth of May, 1750. The building
was of stone, and notwithstanding the arduous
labor connected with such an undertaking, the
church was completed and dedicated on Whit-
suntide, May 6th, 175 1, less than one year after
the corner-stone was laid — another striking
evidence of the zeal and energy of these
pioneer Lutherans. This structure was located
on the present cemetery grounds.
Under the zealous and judicious supervision
of the pious and devoted Sommer,.the congre-
gation at Schoharie grew in numbers and spir-
3 so MEMORIAL VOLUME.
itual power. Not content to confine his labors
to this one locality, he soon began, with an
almost Apostolic zeal, to extend his work to
other settlements where Lutheran colonists
had located. He visited, amongst other points.
Stone Arabia, Little Falls, and C^najoharie on
the Mohawk river; East and West Camp,
Claverack and Loonenberg (now Athens), on
the Hudson ; Hoosick Road (as it was then
called), in Rensselaer county; Albany, Helde-
berg, and Beaverdam, in Albany county. In
all these places he preached the Gospel, and
administered the holy sacraments at regular
and stated periods.
The congregations at Stone Arabia, Little
Falls, and Canajoharie, were at first included
in his pastoral charge. On the ist of Decem-
ber, 1751, he preached his farewell sermon to
these congregations, and left them to the pas-
toral care of his successor, Rev. John Frederick
Ries.
On the 3d of March, 1758, Mr. Sommer
preached for the first time in Cobleskill, and
administered the Lord's Supper to the Luth-
eran congregation at that place. After this
period, with the exception of occasional visits
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 35 1
to more distant congregations, he confined his
labors to the territory comprised in the present
county of Schoharie.
In the year 1768, Mr. Sommer became sud-
denly blind; but continued, notwithstanding
this affliction, to serve the congregation with
great acceptance and usefulness, until the in-
firmities of old age compelled him in the year
1788 to resign. During his ministry in this
charge, which extended over a period of forty-
four years, he baptized 1,954, married 405,
buried 216, and confirmed 443. There is a
tradition that after having continued blind for
twenty years, his vision was suddenly restored.
It has been stated that " he awoke on a beauti-
ful Sabbath morning, and lo! his eyes were
opened. The first object which greeted his
sight was his church. To this sacred edifice
he speedily repaired, and humbly approaching
its altar on bended knees, rendered thanks to
his Father in Heaven for opening his eyes and
permitting him again to look upon his family
and his flock, from whom he had been so long
shut out in total darkness." *
The Rev. Anthony Theodore Braun was
*Prof. M. L, Stoever, in Evan. Review, Jan., 1862.
352 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
elected pastor in 1791, but resigned in 1794.
He recorded in these three years 217 baptisms,
38 marriages, and 40 confirmations.
The Rev. F. H. Quitman succeeded Mr.
Braun in 1795. He was a man of almost gi-
gantic frame, a ripe scholar, and possessed
great decision of character. In 1796 the con-
gregation erected a new church edifice in the
centre of the village. It was built of brick at
a cost of 115,000, exclusive of the labor and
materials contributed by the members. It is
the same spacious and commanding building
in which the congregation now worship. The
Rev. Quitman remained until 1798. He had
baptized 168, married 47, and confirmed 34.
The Rev. A. T. Braun was recalled in 1799
as pastor pro tent., under the direction of Rev.
Dr. Kunze, who had been chosen the regular
pastor, but could not at that time enter upon
his duties. Rev. Braun served for two years,
when he resigned. He registered 1 10 baptisms,
19 marriages, and 34 confirmations. It does
not appear that Dr. Kunze was ever settled
here as a pastor.
The congregations were without any regular
pastor until 1805, when the Rev. A. Wacker-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 353
hagen was called. He preached his introduct-
ory sermon on the 15 th of December, 1805.
Dr. Wackerhagen filled the pastoral office here
for ten years, or until 181 5, when he took
charge of Livingston Manor and Germantown,
in Columbia county. He recorded 592 bap-
tisms, 1 39 marriages, and 80 confirmations.
. Thus far the history of this church is briefly
and succinctly sketched, for a period commenc-
ing with the colonial history of the State, and
embracing the French and Indian wars, through
the war of the Revolution of 1776, to the close
of the second war for Independence, generally
known as the war of 1812. "During these
struggles, especially the French and Indian
wars and the Revolutionary war, the congre-
gations suffered many hardships, and lost not
a few of their members ; yet they increased
and flourished in the midst of all the privations
and hardships to which they were subjected.
Many of them were often driven from their
homes and deprived of their property ; many
fell victims to the tomahawk and the scalping
knife of a savage enemy. Yet the church was
preserved as a monument of God's providential
care."
23 :..:
354 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
In 1746, a company of volunteers was raised
in Schoharie to join an expedition against
Quebec in Canada. Before their departure on
this long and perilous march, this company
assembled in the church, and, after being ad-
dressed by pastor Sommer, partook of the
Lord's supper. They went to war as Christian
patriots, in the fear of God and in reliance on
the strength of the Lord of hosts. Whilst the
battle of Durbach was progressing, the intrepid
pastor was within five miles of the scene of
action, and within hearing of the firing, engaged
in holding divine service in a private house.
All who were with him expected to be cap-
tured by the enemy or massacred by the In-
dians. He sought to remove their fears and
to encourage them by reading the ninety-first'
Psalm, hoping thereby to inspire them with
confidence in the divine power and protection.
Thus, if they must needs die, it would be with
an unfaltering trust in Christ, the Saviour.
Nothing seems to be definitely known as to the
fate of this company of volunteers. What
part they took in this campaign against the
French and Indians, how many died, how
many returned, there are no means of ascer-
taining.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 355
In the Revolutionary war, the Schoharie
congregation bore its full share of all the suf-
ferings and losses connected with that memo-
rable struggle. Pastor Sommer took a deep
interest in the contest between the Colonies
and Great Britain. Although a foreigner, he
was in his feelings and purposes true to his
adopted country. " He loved the cause of free-
dom, and for its defence and advancement was
prepared to make any sacrifice, to submit to
any trial, endure any suffering." Inspired by
his spirit and example, the Schoharie people,
with rare exceptions, were loyal to the Colonial
government in its struggles for independence ;
very few having proved traitors to their country.
So, too, in the second war for independence,
commencing in 1812 and ending in 1 8 15, many
volunteers went from Schoharie, and rendered
efficient semce to the country. During this
war, many individuals and associations issued
small notes, usually denominated " shin-
plasters," and the Schoharie church, through
its officers, also put them in circulation. The
following is a blank copy of one of these issues:
"The Consistory of St. Paul's Church, Schoharie,
promise to pay the bearer on demand two cents.
November 16, 1814, , Secretary.
356 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
The Rev. John Molther succeeded the Rev.
A. Wackerhagen in 18 16. He was however
removed by the action of the New York Min-
iisterium in 1 8 18, having served the* congrega-
tion about two years. He recorded one con-
firmation, eighty- eight baptisms, and fifteen
marriages.
The Rev. G. A. Lintner was called to the
Schoharie charge in 18 19, being at that time
a licentiate of the New York Ministerium. He
was ordained by that body at a special meeting
held in Schoharie on the i6th of June, 1819.
Dr. Lintner's ministry at Schoharie closed in
October, 1849, having extended over a period
of thirty years. During a part of this time he
preached at Middleburg. He also organized
a congregation and built a church at Central
Bridge. A sketch of this church will be
given in another article.
The church at Schoharie, under the able and
faithful labors of Dr. Lintner, enjoyed a very
large measure of prosperity. This might
have been expected from the Doctor*s recog-
nized talents and learning, and his untiring
zeal and devotion to his pastoral work. He
had several extensive revivals, resulting in the
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 357
accession of many valuable members to the
church. In the thirty years of his ministry he
recorded i,ioo infant baptisms; 303 mem-
bers received at Schoharie, and 103 at Middle-
burg, in 1832 and 1833; 319 marriages, and
217 deaths. A memorial tablet, set in the
walls of St. Paul's church by his daughter
Aurelia, wife of Hon. P. S. Danforth, of Mid-
dleburg, keeps fresh in the minds of the wor-
shipers the life and services of this eminent
and devoted servant of Christ. Thus, "he
being dead yet speaketh." Dr. Lintner's re-
mains are buried in the cemetery of St. PauFs
church, and his grave is marked by a beautiful
monument erected as a token of filial affection
by his daughter, Mrs. Danforth.
Dr. Lintner's successor was the Rev. James
R. Keiser. He was a fine scholar, a preacher
of more than ordinary ability, and served the
congregation with general satisfaction and no
small measure of usefulness, from January,
1850, to October, 1856.
The Rev. Edmund Belfour, a native of Den-
mark, but educated in this country, succeeded
the Rev. J. R. Keiser. He began his ministry
on the 23d of February, 1857, ^Jici continued
358 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
until the latter part of April, 1868, a little more
than eleven years. He received 95 members
into the church. He was a good scholar, pos-
sessed considerable pulpit ability, and was an
industrious and faithful pastor.
The Rev. J. H. Heck, the present worthy
and efficient pastor, began his labors Decem-
ber 5, 1868. During the twelve years of his
ministry he has had the satisfaction to see 88
members added to the church, and is enjoying
the confidence and esteem of his people and of
the entire community. Though for some time
an invalid, he has done all that his strength
would allow in the way of pastoral work, and
has the sympathy of his congregation and of
all his brethren in the ministry.
The latter years of pastor Sommer were
spent in the town of Sharon, Schoharie county,
N. Y. He died on 27th of October, 179S, in
the 87th year of his age. His remains were
interred on his farm, where they rested for
sixty-five years. Subsequently they were re-
moved and buried by the side of his wife, in
the cemetery of St. Paul's, at Schoharie. Ap-
propriate services were held on the occasion,
conducted by the Rev. Dr. Lintner and the
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 359
Rev. E. Belfour, at that time the pastor at
Schoharie. The Rev. Belfour delivered a dis-
course from the words, *' The memory of the
just is blessed." A monument of native gran-
ite taken from a quarry on the cemetery
grounds, and erected by the people of Scho-
harie, marks the place where this good and
great man and his faithful wife are sleeping
" their last sleep" in honored graves.
Reference has been made to the building of
the brick edifice, in which the congregation
are now worshiping, during the ministry of
Rev. Dr. Quitman in 1796. In the erection of
this church some of the stones in the first
building were used in the foundation of the
new structure ; some of the names originally
cut upon them remaining legible. The fol-
lowing are the most prominent: "Johannes
Lawyer, Diaconus et Conditor hujus Ecclesiae,
Fund. D. 14 May, 1750; Consum. 1751,"
John Frederick Lawyer, Job's Schuyler, V. D.
M., Johannes Lawyer, jr., Johannes Kniskern,
Ludwig Rickert, Henrick Schaeffer, Jost Borst,
Margaretta Ingolt, Elizabeth Lawyer, and
Philip Berg.
Although St. Paul's congregation has sent
360 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
out several colonies, thus laying the founda-
tion of other Lutheran churches in Schoharie
county, the church still has a recorded mem-
bership of over two hundred. The present
edifice has been remodeled on several occa-
sions, and the interior has been handsomely
frescoed. The audience room has a seating
capacity of about six hundred. The present
value of th)e church and parsonage is about
;^20,ooo. The church is still strong in its
numbers, and in the wealth, the intelligence
and the moral power of its membership. No
church in the Hartwick Synod has a nobler
record, and none is exerting any greater in-
fluence.
CENTRAL BRIDGE, SCHOHARIE
COUNTY, N. Y.
BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.*
The Lutheran church at Central Bridge is
the offspring of the church at Schoharie, and
is located about six miles distant from it, and
near the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad.
It has been connected with St. Paul's church,
* From notes furnished by Rev. J. H. Heck.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 36 1
from its organization until the present time, as
a component part of what is known as the
Schoharie charge.
This church was organized with the ap-
proval of the Schoharie congregation, to
which its founders originally belonged, on
the 27th day of November, 1844, by the elec-
tion of the following officers, viz. : Peter J.
Enders, Olaff H. Williams, Henry Wetsell,
trustees ; Olaff H. Williams, Peter J. Enders,
Henry Wetsell, elders ; Jonas Kilmer, Daniel
Wolford, William Sternberg, deacons.* Of the
above, only Messrs. Jonas Kilmer and William
Sternberg remain. The others died since Rev.
Heck*s ministry commenced.
The corner-stone of this church was laid
with appropriate ceremonies by Rev. G. A.
Lintner, D. D., on the first of July, 1844. The
building was finished and dedicated on the
29th of January, 1845. The edifice is a frame
structure, surmounted by a cupola which con-
tains a fine-toned bell. The Rev. Dr. Lintner,
through whose efforts mainly the congregation
was organized, and the church built, was form-
ally called and entered upon his pastoral duties
May 1st, 1845.
362 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
This church has always been served by the
Schoharie pastors, in the following order: Rev.
G. A. Lintner, D. D., from 1845 to 1849, ^^^^
years; Rev. J. R. Keiser, January, 1850, to
October, 1856; Rev. E. Belfour, from February,
1857, to April, 1868; Rev. J. H.* Heck, from
December 5, 1868, to the present time.
Within the past few years this church has
been remodeled and refurnished at a cost of
$2,600, and is now a very comfortable and
beautiful house of worship. Shortly after this
work of repairs, the Lord poured out his
Spirit upon the people of this community as
he had never done before, and about eighty
persons were added to the church, thereby
nearly doubling its membership. The present
membership is 140. Connected with this
church is a very flourishing Sunday-school, an
active, working membership, and it looks for-
ward hopefully under the divine blessing to a
future of great prosperity and usefulness.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 363
STONE ARABIA, MONTGOMERY
COUNTY, N. Y.
BY REV. W. W. GULICK.
The early records of the church are not to
be found. The Lutherans and Reformed seem
to have occupied the same church building for
a number of years. A Mr. Coppernoll do-
nated fifty- two acres of land for their use.
When the separation took place is not stated.
The baptismal record as a distinct organiza-
tion dates from 1735. When the two con-
gregations effected separate organizations, in
1770, the land was divided, each deeding to the
other one-half. The deeds were renewed, and
are the only ones in existence. This deed to
the Lutherans speaks of a church building in
which worship is to be conducted in accord-
ance with the usages of the Lutheran Church.
Tradition speaks of a log church which had
been replaced. And on October 19, 1780,
this building, together with the hamlet of
Stone Arabia, was burned by the British and
Tories.
The first Lutheran minister of the church,
so far as is known, was the Rev. William
364 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Christopher Berkenmyer, then stationed at
Loonenburg, on the Hudson. Just when, or
how long he served as pastor, is not stated.
The Rev. Peter Nicholas Sommer was stationed
at Schoharie, where he preached his first ser-
mon May the 15th, 1743. Storfe Arabia was
part of his charge until December, 175 1, when
the Rev. Frederick Reis, from Germantown,
took charge. In 1763 we find the Rev. The-
ophilus England in charge, until 1773, when
he died. Pastor Reis was then recalled, and
remained four or five years. In 1787 the Rev.
Philip Jacob Grotz was called, and remained
until his death, in 1809. His remains lie in
the old cemetery. It was during his term of
pastoral work that the present church edifice
was erected, in 1792. In 181 1 the Rev. Peter
Wilhelm Domire became pastor, and remained
until 1826. On the 1st of January, 1828, Rev.
J. D. Lawyer was installed as pastor. The
Rev. G. A. Lintner preached the sermon, which
was published. Up to this date the services
had been conducted in the German language.
Mr. Lawyer was succeeded in 1830 by the
Rev. Charles A. Smith, who continued here
until 1838. The Rev. Henry -I. Schmidt fol-
EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN STONE CHURCH
OF PALATINE, Erected 1770.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 365
lowed him, who remained but one year. Jan-
uary 1st, 1840, the Rev. Martin J. Stover took
charge, who remained four years, and was fol-
lowed by the Rev. Adolphus Rumph, who left
in 1854, when the Rev. S. Curtis was called,
and remained two years, then the Rev.
Rumph was recalled, and remained until 1865,
On the 1st of November, 1865, the Rev. N.
Wirt became pastor, and remained until Octo-
ber, 1877. On the 1 2th of November, 1877,
the present incumbent. Rev. W. W. Gulick
took charge. The membership at present is
one hundred and thirty-three.
THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN
STONE CHURCH OF
PALATINE.
BY BLEV. N. WIRT.
The Germans settled in this portion of the
Mohawk valley at a very early date, about the
year 17 13. The above-named church was
erected in 1770. Built of unhewn stone upon
the smooth surface of solid rock, it has stood,
a Christian monument for more than a century*
The following persons contributed money for
366 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
its erection, viz.: Peter Waggoner, ;^ioo
Andrew Reber, ;^ioo ; William Nellis, Jr., ;^6o
Andrew Nellis, ;^6o; Johannes Nellis, ;fi'6o
Henry Nellis, ;^6o; Christian Nellis, ;^6o
David Nellis, ;^6o ; Johannes Hess, ;^6o ; total,
i^S2o. Besides these subscriptions, William
Nellis, the father, and William Nellis, Jr., An-
drew, Johannes, and Henry, paid for making
the spire to the steeple of said church. These
parties furnished the money, while others con-
tributed by hauling the stone and by other
labor.
While this portion of the Mohawk valley
was devastated in 1780 by the Tories and In-
dians, this church was saved through the influ-
ence of one of the contributors who had taken
up arms against the colonies. Several shots
were fired into it by the party under Sir John
Johnson, one of the shot holes being still visi-
ble. After nearly a century this church was
suffered to go to decay. In 1865 the writer of
this article found it a pile of ruins. The outer
walls were in good condition, but the windows
were out and the interior a perfect wreck.
In the spring of 1 866, a meeting of the inhab-
itants in that community was called, which was
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 367
quite largely attended. There, among the dust
and mould and ruin, old men and men of mid-
dle age stood and listened to an address, in
which the speaker referred to the times in
which the church had been built ; that at this
consecrated altar they had been baptized ; and
as these memories were awakened in their
hearts, the tears flowed down their cheeks. At
the conclusion of the address, it was unani-
mously resolved to commence repairing the
old church at once. A building committee
was appointed, subscriptions circulated, and
the work commenced. After the work was
begun, it was found that instead of a few hun-
dred dollars it would require several thousand.
The larger portion of this money was con-
tributed by the inhabitants of the community
in which the church stands, and the balance
from churches in the Hartwick Synod, and
individuals who were interested in preserving
this old landmark of the Mohawk Valley. In
the early part of the summer of 1870, after
hard work and repeated solicitations for money,
the repairs were completed at a cost of about
$^fiOO. The old church was re- dedicated to
the Triune God. Rev. G. A. Lintner preached
the sermon.
368 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
On the 1 8th of August, of the same year,
1870, there was a grand centennial celebration
of the old Palatine church. Rev. Charles A,
Smith preached the sermon in the church,
which was packed with eager listeners. After
the services in the church, ex-Governor Sey-
mour delivered an historical address in a grove
near by, in which he spoke with befitting
words of the historic memories that cluster
around that old church. It was estimated
that there were from 8,000 to 10,000 people
present on that occasion. The church is bet-
ter now than when it was builL The antiquity
of the exterior has not been marred, but the
interior is modern, neatly finished, furnished
and carpeted. It is the only public building
in all the Mohawk Valley, whose erection
dates back prior to the Revolution, and unless
some misfortune befall it, is good for another
hundred years. It has always been connected
with Trinity Evangelical Lutheran church of
Stone Arabia, these two churches constituting
one pastorate.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 369
CHRISrS EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN
CHURCH OF WOODSTOCK, ULSTER
COUNTY, NEW YORK. '
BY REV. WILLIAM SHARTS.
This church was organized by the Rev. F. H.
Quitman, D. D., and incorporated in the year
1806. The church records until within a few
years past show scarcely anything but bap-
tisms, marriages, and deaths. Dr. Quitman
was succeeded by the Rev. Joseph Prentice
in 1809. He remained until 1814, when it
appears the Rev. George Wichterman had
charge for two years. From 1 816 until 1829
occurs a hiatus, as there are no records during
that period. In 1829 the Rev. P. G. Cole was
pastor, and the records show entries made by
him until 1837, when he was succeeded by the
Rev. A. Rumph. Rev. E. DeYoe was pastor
from 1842 until 1845, when he was succeeded
by Rev. W. H. Emerick. In 1848 Rev. H.
Wheeler took charge, and in 1850 Rev. T.
Lape, who probably remained until 1856.
Rev. W. I. Cutter succeeded, and then again
Rev. T. Lape in 1859. In 1863 Rev. W. H.
Emerick was again pastor. In 1868 Rev. H.
24
370 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Wheeler was- re-called, and then again W. I.
Cutter in 1870. In 1872 the Rev. W. Sharts
received a call from this congregation. He is
still their pastor.
Historical Items,
The land on which the church stands was
donated by Henry Bonesteel. The site is
most beautiful and pleasant — on an elevated
rock, along the base of which flows the pic-
turesque Walkill, surrounded by a magnificent
grove of pines; and almost at the very foot
of the Overlook, one of the highest points of
the Catskills, it is no wonder that it excites the
admiration of every passer-by.
It is not known when the first church edi-
fice was erected, but probably not far from
1806. In 1843 a new church was built in
place of the old, which was past repairing ;
and in which the congregation continued to
worship until 1875, when it was thoroughly
repaired, inside and out, so that it is now as
beautiful and comfortable a church as can be
found in the country anywhere.
In 1873 a parsonage, about half a mile east
from the church, was purchased, and in 1875
an addition was built to it and other improve-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3/1
ments made around it, so that it is now com-
modious and pleasant.
Untoward Events,
This congregation, in former years, was by
far the most numerous in Woodstock. Vari-
ous causes have contributed to weaken it.
1st. The building of other churches in the
vicinity, so that members were induced to at-
tend a church near by rather than to travel
perhaps many miles.
2d. Sometimes for months at a time the con-
gregation had no pastor, and consequently the
people got accustomed to attend other churches.
3d. For want of a parsonage, several of the
pastors lived at a distance, and of course could
not attend to the interests of the congregation
as they otherwise might have done.
4th. When the congregation had become
weakened from these causes, about the year
1868, it was proposed to build another Lutheran
church in the lower part of the congregation,
about five miles distant from Christ's church,
and to divide the congregation into two parts,
so that a new church might be organized.
This plan, unfortunately, was carried into effect,
against the protest of most of the congregation*
372 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Pine Grove church was built — ^the congregation
divided — Christ's church still further weakened.
But the prospects of Christ's church are
brighter than they have been for years, and its
members feel encouraged, and not* without
reason.*
ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, WEST CAMP,
ULSTER COUNTY, N. Y.
COMPILED BY REV. P. A. STROBEL.t
St. Paul's Lutheran church is the oldest re-
ligious society in the town of West Camp. It
was organized in the early part of the year
171 1, by a portion of the German Palatines,
who reached West Camp December 24, 17 10.
The readers of Sir Walter Scott will remem-
ber the word Paladin, which occurs in his
writings. A Paladin is a ruler who lives in a
* Since the above was written, Pine Grove has be-
come a part of the Woodstock charge, and it may yet
become a prosperous congregation under the faithful
and prudent guidance of brother Sharts. — Note by
the Editor.
fThis article is compiled from the history of Ulster
county, prepared by N. B. Sylvester ; from the church
ST. PAUL'S LUTHERAN CHURCH,
West Camp, Ulster Co., N. Y.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3/3
palace. If he riries a county he is called a
Count Palatine, and the county is called a
County Palatine or a Palatinate,
Two such Palatinates existed in Germany.
The upper Palatinate was in the north of Ba-
varia. The lower Palatinate was up the Rhine,
with that river running through it. Its capital
was the university town of Heidelberg. Its
inhabitants and their kindred on the east called
it in their German language the Ffalz^ or the
Rhein Pfalz, The Netherlanders on the north
and west called it in their tongue the Paltz.
Here the Reformed church prospered, and
here a temporary home was found by the Hu-
guenots who afterwards came to America, and
out of gratitude named their settlement New
Paltz.
In the year 1708 a dozen families, fleeing
from the invasion of the Paltz by the French,
reached London, having left all their posses-
sions behind, but having certificates from the
record of Pastor Kocherthal ; from a sermon delivered
by Rev. J. B. Thompson, D. D., at the 150th anniver-
sary of the churches of Kaatsbaan and Saugerties on
the 19th of October, 1880 ; from data furnished by
Rev. A. N. Daniels; and from Documentary History
of the State of New York.
374 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
magistrates of their integrity of character.
Amongst these was Joshua Kocherthal. A
Christian gentleman and a fine scholar, he had
sufficient influence with the court of Queen
Anne to induce that sovereign to send the little
colony to her American dominions at govern*
ment expense.
They left England in the same fleet which
brought Lord Lovelace, the new Governor of
New York and New Jersey^ The weather
proved very tempestuous, and the vessels were
driven asunder. The " Globe,'* on which the
Palatines had embarked, under command of
Captain Charles Congreve, was eleven weeks
at sea, arriving in New York on New Year's
day, 1709, having suffered severely both from
the cold and the scarcity of water.
Pastor Kocherthal was in the prime of life,
having been born in 1669. He was accom-
panied by his wife and three children.
Several other families had joined pastor
Kocherthal's colony in London and the whole
number was increased to twenty- five families.
" These families were located upon two
thousand one hundred and ninety acres of
land, lying adjacent to Quaseck Kill, in the
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 3/5
locality called by the Hollanders he Dans
kammer^ on land now occupied by the city of
Newburgh,"
But Lord Lovelace having died before the
title to these lands had been secured, Dominie
Kocherthal at once undertook a voyage to
England in behalf of his countrymen, leaving
his family in New York, where his daughter,
Louisa Abigail, was born during his absence."
" He was successful in securing for Governor
Hunter instructions respecting the Palatines,
similar to those which had been given to his
predecessor; and came out in the same fleet
with him, sailing from Portsmouth, on Christ-
mas day, 1709, and landing at New York,
June 14, 1 7 10, a voyage of nearly six months !*'
'* He had found abundant work during his
absence. The refugees from the Palatinate
had increased from tens to thousands, and
nearly three thousand were sent to New York
by the same fleet which brought back the
Minister and the new Governor. Four hun-
dred and seventy died from exposure and from
want of food and water. Many others were
sick. But these speedily recovered at the en-
campment on the island in New York harbor.
3/6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
then called NuUen Island from the nut-trees
which grew upon it ; better known since, (and
especially of late,) as Governor's Island.
From the documentary history of Ulster
county, it appears that the number of Palatines
who were resident at West Camp and the
vicinity in the winter of 1710, was about two
hundred and sixty, including men, women and
children. Prominent amongst these were
Hermann Scheuneman, Capt. John C. Garlich,
the Maurers, Mullers, Spanhimers, Schaeffers,
Kelmers, Overbachs, Dietricks, Kieffers, Emer-
ichs, Frolichs, Beckers, names still preserved
at West Camp to this day. Up to 171 1 the
three towns on the west bank of the Hudson,
including West Camp, had a population of
six hundred and fourteen. In 1715, the num-
ber had increased to about fifteen hundred.
" These colonists understood that they were
to be settled on the Mohawk and on the flats
at Schoharie, or Scho'-har-ie as the Indians
called it, and as we ought to call it too, with
the accent on the first syllable."
" These families were to have forty acres of
land each, to cultivate for their own use, and
were to make tar for the English navy, to
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 377
compensate for the expense of sending them
out. But the Mohawk and Schoharie Flats
did not grow pines, and the Government was
anxious about the tar. Besides, that region
was not yet entirely safe from the Indians,
and there were pine lands along the Hudson.
Moreover, Robert Livingston, a Scotchman,
who had been a Government contractor before,
was ready to sell six thousand acres of his
lands on the east side of the river, and to feed
the colonists so long as. the Government would
pay him for so doing.
"Directly opposite his lands, on the west
side, was a comparatively barren tract still be-
longing to the Crown, full of pines, and ex-
tending a mile or so northward from the Saw-
yer's Kill. For these and other reasons, the
colonists were located one hundred and ten
miles from New York, on both sides the Hud-
son.
"It was a beautiful autumn day when the
vessels anchored at their destination. Then,
as now, the river banks and mountain sides
must have been gorgeous with such hues as
these immigrants had never seen before. The
maple, and the sumach, and the Virginia
3/8 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
creeper, the expanses of golden rod and pur-
ple aster, would seem to them, as indeed they
were, remnants of Paradise untouched by sin.
On the mountain slopes and hillsides ten thou-
sand bushes burned as with fire, yet were not
consumed ; and out of every one God seemed
to speak of deliverance. With such thoughts
in their hearts, with such beauty round about
them, and with the warm sun looking lovingly
down from the blue deeps above, what happi-
ness might they not expect in their new home !
" So to the Jews old Canaan stood
While Jordan rolled between.
" With grateful hearts they disembarked, and
lay themselves down to sleep under such shel-
ter as they could improvise from the bushes
roundabout, or from the tents and blankets
from the ships.
" What was their surprise in the morning to
find the ground covered with snow, and their
little ones suffering from wet and cold. How-
ever, after the sun arose the snow disappeared,
and they addressed themselves to work, as
men who had their future before them. The
neighborhoods where they landed are still
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 379
known as "East Camp" and "West Camp"
— though the people were soon located in vil-
lages, each under its superintendent or captain.
" On the east shore were Queensbury,
Annsbury, Haysbury and Hunterstown, and
on the west were Georgetown, Elizabethtown
and Newtown. Perhaps, after the death of
Queen Anne, Queensbury became Kingsbury,
and Annsbury Hunterstown. The precise lo-
cation of these villages could probably be
ascertained by close investigation.
" What struggles these men had for life ; how
the project of making tar failed ; how many of
them preferred the tender mercies of the In-
dians to those of the English, and cutting a
road for their wives and children through the
underbrush from Schenectady, went to Scho'-
har-ie in spite of the authorities, need not be
related.
" Dominie Kocherthal remained in New
York until the end of May, i/n, and, then,
when the last of the refugees were leaving that
city, came to the * upper colonies ' as he calls
them, on the Hudson. He made his home at
Newtown and thus became the founder of the
church at West Camp. The first recorded
380 MEMORIAL VOLUME-
service at West Camp took place on the third
day of June, 171 1. Hence on the third day of
June 1 88 1 the church of West Camp should
celebrate its one hundred and seventieth anni-
versary. Kocherthal was the pastor- of the
German Lutherans, however, not only at West
Camp, but also at East Camp, where, Novem-
ber 15, 1 7 16, he united in marriage John
Friedrich Haeger, *hochdeutscher prediger in
Kingsberg/ with Anna Maria Rohrbachin.
" He made official visits and administered
the rites of the Church also at Scho'-har-ie as
well as at Rheinbeck and Pagepsie (Pough-
keepsie). Thus his pastorate was a wide one.
He died December 27, 17 19, at fifty years of
age, as he was about to make another journey
to England, perhaps to try to secure the five
hundred acres of land which had at first been
granted him at Newburgh."
" Five years after his death the rites of the
Church were again administered at Newtown
by Daniel Falckner of New Jersey, who writes
himself down as " Pastor at Millstone {Mukl-
stein) and in the mountains near the Rari-
tan." (?)
A brown stone marks the resting place of
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 38 1
Kocherthal, and contains this quaint inscrip-
tion:
" Know, traveler, under this stone rests, be-
side his Sibylla Charlotta, a real traveler, of
the High-Dutch in North America, their
Joshua, and a pure Lutheran preacher of the
same on the east and west side of the Hudson
river. His first arrival was with Lord Love-
lace, in 1709, the first of January. His secnod
with Colonel Hunter, 1710, the fourteenth of
June. The journey of his soul to heaven, on
St. John's Day, 1719, interrupted his return to
England. Do you wish to know more ? Seek
in Melanchthon's Fatherland, who was Koch-
erthal, who Harschias, who Winchenbach.
B. Berkenmeyer. S. Huertin. L. Brevort.
MDCCXLIL"
Harschias and Winchenbach may have been
companions of Kocherthal in the land of his
birth. Some Lutheran historian can, perhaps,
give information respecting them.
B, Berkenmeyer^ 5. Huertin^ L. Brevort, were
doubtless children of Kocherthal, whose filial
piety induced them to be at the expense of
erecting the monument.
" Kocherthal's record-book shows his schol-
382 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
arship, his piety, his character — the torn title-
page still states that it was begun Decem-
ber, 1708, *A me Josua de Valle Concordiae
vulgo Kocherthal, ecclesiae Germaniae Neo-
Eboracen ministro primo/ — by me yoshua of
tlie Valley of Concord, commonly called Kocher-
tlial, the first minister of the German Church
of New York, The baptismal record, the first
in the book, has at its head the words * Jesu
Auspice,* yesus our leader. The record of
those admitted to the Lord's Supper begins:
* Jesu ecclesiae suae Auctore et Conservatore/
Jesus Author and Preserver of his Church, The
record of gifts, (the first being of a church bell
from Queen Anne and King George) is made
under the heading, * Jesu retribuente,' yesus
repaying. The record of marriages has ' Jesu
coelesti nostrarum animarum Sponso,* yesus,
heavenly bridegroom of our souls. The death
record begins with, *Jesu vivificante,' yestis
vivifying,"
On the 18th of June, 171 8, about eighteen
months before his death, pastor Kocherthal
petitioned Governor Hunter to grant to him,
his heirs and assigns, a suitable portion of the
Glebe for their support. A counter-petition
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 383
was sent to the Governor by one Christian
Hiflcke, praying that pastor Kocherthal might
be dispossessed of all interest in the Glebe, in-
asmuch as he had not been residing upon it.
Soon after pastor Kocherthal's death, the Com-
mittee of the Council of the Province met to
consider these petitions. The Council very
generously granted a deed for two hundred and
fifty acres of land, in perpetuity, to Sybilla
Charlotta, widow of pastor Kocherthal, and to
his children. Christian Joshua, Benigna* Sybilla,
and Susanna Sybilla — "that is to say, the whole
two hundred and fifty acres to them and their
assigns forever." At the same time, the Coun-
cil granted to Andrew Volck and Jacob Web-
ber, as trustees, and their successors in office,
five hundred acres of land for the maintenance
and support of a Lutheran minister forever.
The lands might be rented, but not for a longer
term than seven years, and it was provided that
the rents and profits coming by the said Glebe-
land " shall be impropriated to the maintenance
of such Lutheran minister and his successors, '
forever, and to no other use whatever ; and it
being granted for a pious intent, you may cause
the quit-rent to be reserved for the said Glebe-
384 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
land, be the yearly rent of one peppercorn if
the same be legally demanded, which neverthe-
less is humbly submitted." Signed A. De
Peyster, Gerard Beekman, Rip Van Dam and
others.*
This Glebe-land was located some distance
below West Camp, on the Quaseck Kill, not
far from the town of Newburgh, and was part of
the grant made to the first colony of Palatines,
who came over in 1709. These and all other
lands in the vicinity, originally granted to the
Palatines, were in 175 1 transferred to the
Church of England. This was done by virtue
of an order addressed to William Smith, At-
torney-General of the province, by Governor
George Clinton, attested by G. Banyar, Secre-
tary of State. Thus the lands originally
granted by government patent to the Palatines
and their descendants for the use and benefit of
a Lutheran church and a Lutheran pastor, were
under the forms of law, but in violation of all
the principles of right and justice, alienated
from the rightful owners, and transferred to the
Church of England. This was done, too,
* Documentary History of New York, Vol. III., pp.
580. 586, 598, 599.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 385
against the solemn protest of Rev. Michael
Christian Knoll, Lutheran minister in New
York, and others representing the Lutheran
interests.*
As mention has been made of pastors
Kocherthal's family, the following statements
in reference to them will not be out of place.
They are furnished by Rev. J. B. Thompson.
His wife, Sybilla Charlotte, was born in 1669,
and died at West Camp, December 16, 1713.
What is known of their children may be
briefly stated here.
Benigna Sibylla, who was born in 1698, be-
came the wife of the Rev. Wm. Christoffel
Berkenmyer, who succeeded to the pastorate
of the German Lutherans along the Hudson
river, from New York to Albany inclusive, in
1725. He occasionally conducted divine ser-
vice and administered the rite of baptism, not
only in the churches of Newtown and Loonen-
burg, but also at the houses of Nicholas Smith
and Philip Kreisler, in " Kisketamesij."
Christian Joshua, who was born in 1 701, be-
came superintendent of one of the Palatine
♦Documentary History of New York. Vol. III., pp.
580, 586. 598, 599.
25
386 * MEMORIAL VOLUME.
villages at Edst Camp, aiid died without issue
in 1731.
Susanna Sibylla, who was born in 1705,
married William Huertin, goldsmith, of Bergen
county, N. J., and has descendants in the town
of Wallkill.
Louisa Abigail was born in New York Feb-
ruary 26, 1 7 10, and baptized there two days
later, by Dominie Justus Falckner^ the Low-
Dutch Lutheran minister in that city. She
became the wife of John Brevort, goldsmith, of
New York.
A younger daughter, Cathalina, married
Peter Lynch, merchant, of New York. She
inherited her mother's interest in the land at
Newburgh, which was patented in 17 19 to
thos^e of the original immigrants still living.
Louisa Abigail inherited her brother's interest,
while Benigna and Susanna were Simong the
original patentees. These four were still living
July 13, 1 74 1, when, it is said, they deeded the
property to James Smith.
Amohg the Palatines who settled near West
Camp, were many members of the German
Reformed Church. The first church edifice
was erected soon after their settlement at
HISTORICAL SKETOIIS. 587
West Camp, and was a Union church, owned
and occupied jointly by Lutherans and German
Reformed. The German Reformed minister
died a few years after his arrival, and the
members of the Reformed Church formed a
union with the Hollanders, or Dutch Re-
formed, at Kaatsbaan, about two miles west of
West Camp, and the organization of the Re-
formed Dutch church at that place was ef-
fected in 1730.
The old church edifice, which was built of
logs, was located about an eighth of a tnile
east of the present church. The Lutheran
congregation worshiped in this church until
about the year 1732, when, in connection with
the Dutch Reformed, they built the old stone
(union) church at Kaatsbaan. The two congre^
gations worshiped together here for a number
of years. About the close of the i8th century
the Lutherans built a frame church, locating
it about fifty feet northeast from the present
church; but it was never entirely finished.
About 1 83 1, it was pulled down and another
erected in its place and dedicated in June, 1832*
The presetit church edifice was built in 1871,
so that divine worship has been maintained at
388 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
or near the same spot since 171 1, a period of
170 years.
The Lutheran congregation was organized
upon the basis of the Augsburg Confession.
In the tower of the first edifice was a bell pre-
sented by Queen Anne. It was long retained
in honor of the donor, and there are members
still living who remember when it was ex-
changed for a larger one. In these later days
of Centennial relics and historical studies, it is
to be regretted that the congregation consented
to part with so choice and precious a memor-
ial in its history.
The following paper is an interesting relic in
connection with the building of the church in
1791. The original document is preserved
among the papers of the Roessell family :
** To all Protestant Christians of every persuasion :
Whereas, in the year i7fo, many German Protestants
of the Lutheran persuasion were invited from Europe
to North America by the late Queen Anne of Eng-
land, and at their arrival in this country many of
them settled at West Camp, now in the county of Ul-
ster, in the State of New York, not long after their
settlement they formed themselves into a congrega-
tion and built a house of worship as well as their cir-
cumstances would permit. But many of the congre-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 389
gation from year to year moved to a great distance,
whereby the present congregation has become very
weak, and their church in a rotten condition, and find-
ing themselves unable to build a new one ; therefore,
we, the subscribers, Elders, have, with the consent of
said congregation, resolved on a collection, hoping
that every well-wishing Protestant will kindly assist
us to perform so necessary a task for the honor of God,
according to their free will and inclination. We have,
therefore, unanimously chosen our trusty friend, Lud-
wig Roessell, the bearer hereof, and his companion
Johannes Eligh, to go forth and receive such free gifts
as every Christian as may chance to be requested by
them will be pleased to bestow. In gratitude whereof,
we shall, if an opportunity is offered to us, be ever
ready to return the kindness with gratitude. Given
under our hand this nth day of October, 1791.
Petrus Egner,
Petbr Mower,
Johannes Moose.
IVest Camp, Ulster Co,, N. Y.
The above parties wefe endorsed as honest,
good men by the Hon. John Snyder, one of
the Assistant Judges of the Court of Appeals,
and by the Hon. George Clinton.
Mention has been made of pastor Kocher-
thal's church record. This record has a ro-
mantic history. Some years since, the mem-
bers of West Camp church, wishing to get rid
390 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
of a number of old documents, the value of
which they seem not to have understood,
concluded to make a bonfire of them. This
church record of pastor Kocherthal was
amongst the docunients devoted to deatructioa,
A gentleman standing by, supposing that the
book might be of some importance, rescued it
from the flames and gave it to Mr. Wm,
Diedrick, now residing at Elizabeth, New Jer-
sey. Through the kindsiess of Mr. D,, tb^
writer of this sketch has been favored with the
use of this venerable document. It bears the
marks of the flames to which it was so thought-
lessly, and it might be said irreverently, if npt
wickedly consigned. The book was re-bound
in March, 1881. It has a new back, but the
original sides are preserved. As one opens it
and traces the records made by the learned,
pious, and devoted Kocherthal, a feeling of
veneration pervades th^ mind, and one seems
to commune in spirit with him and the godly
men who founded the West Camp church-
The tide-page to this church record m in
I^tin, as has been previously stated. Pastor
Kocherthal made his first entry of b^tisms on
board the ship " Globe," on his first trip to
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 39 1
America, in 1708. There were two such bap-
tisms, one on the 14th of September, and the
other on the 28th of November, 1708. The
first was Johann Herman, son of Jacob and
Elizabeth Weber, and the other Carolus, son
of Andreas and Anna Catharine Volck. This
child was named Carolus in honor of Captain
Carolus Congreve, commander of the $hip
" Globe."
The ne^tt baptisms recorded are those perr
formed in Nfsw York, in 1809, before the emi-
grants had removed to Ulster county. Then
comes the record of baptisms performed the
same year at Quaseck Kill, the first settlement
made in Ulster county, about twenty-five miles
below West Camp, In 17 10 he records a num-
ber of baptisms on board the ship " Medford,"
on his second voyage from England to Amer-
ica. In the same year he enters a number of
baptisms which had been performed in his
absence by the Rev. Justus Falkner, then re-
siding perhaps at Loonenberg (Athens). Then
follow the baptisms which pastor Kocherthal
himself performed after his return to America,
first in New York and then at West Camp.
This record of baptisms runs on until 17 18,
392 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
when a summary is given of the number bap-
tized from 1708 to 1718. The total is 400.
After this there are 32 baptisms recorded up
to 1 7 19, the last year of pastor Kocherthal's
ministry, making a total of 432.
Besides the baptisms, there is a record of
confirmations, list of communicants, full record
of marriages, burials, etc. The whole record
exhibits a degree of neatness, precision, and
accuracy, which furnished a most excellent
model for his successors, but unfortunately it
was not always followed.
The next entry in this venerable record is
by the Rev. Daniel Falkner, hailing from
Miihlstein (Millstone), in New Jersey; this
was in September, 1724. It does not appear
that he visited West Camp, either prior or sub-
sequent to this time.
The Rev. W. C. Berkenmeyer, then residing
at Loonenberg (Athens), seems to have com-
menced pastoral work at West Camp in 1725,
and to have continued until about 1730. AH
the entries in the church-book between 1725
and 1730 are in his handwriting. There are
no records between 1730 and 1768 ; though it
is generally supposed that in this interim the
UrSTORICAL SKETCHES. 393
West Camp congregation had occasional visits
from Rev. Peter Nicholas Sommer, located at
Schoharie, and Rev. J. C. Hartwick, who was
settled at Rhinebeck in 1750, and reports the
churches in Ulster county, no doubt including
West Camp, as a part of his pastoral charge.
There are two baptisms recorded in 1768,
three for 1769, and eight for 1770; but the
name of the pastor who officiated is not given.
In the year 1775 the Rev. Philip Grotz be-
came pastor at West Camp, and continued
until 1787. All the entries which he made
are in a clear, bold hand. This was during
the period of the Revolutionary war; but he
makes no reference to the experiences of him-
self and his congregation during that memor-
able struggle.
The Rev. Henry Moeller, then residing at
Albany, served the West Camp church during
1788 and 1789. About a dozen baptisms are
recorded by him. Another pastor, whose
name is not given, officiated here from 1790 to
1795, and recorded a number of baptisms.
In 1796 the Rev. H. L. Spark seems to
have been the pastor — at least he recorded a
number of baptisms ; but it is not stated how
long he remained.
594 MEMORIAL VOLUME,
The Rev. F. H. Quitman, D. D.,was pastor
at West Camp from July 4th, 1800, to 1809;
whilst here he organized the Woodstock
church. The Rev. Joseph Prentice served
West Camp with Woodstock from 1809 to
1 8 14. Then came Rev. George Wichterman,
from 1814 to 1816. From i8i6to 1822 Dr.
Wackerhageq, then residing at Germantown,
Columbia county, ministered also to the West
Camp church. Subsequently the Rev. yJm. J.
Eyer, who resided at Rhinebeck, supplied
West Camp for a short period. In 1827 ^
Rev. John Crawford records two baptisms,
and one in 1829.
The churches in Ulster county, including
We3t Camp, were in connection with the New
York Ministerium, and continued so until they
were transferred to the Hartwick Synod. In
the year 1831, the Rev. Perry G. Cole, then
residing at Saugerties, who commenced his
labors in this field in 1829, united with the
Hartwick Synod, bringing the congregations
which he was serving with him. These con-
gregations were Athens, Saugerties and Wood-
stock. There appears to be some confusion in
the reports in reference to West Camp, as it
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 395
is seldom mentioned, Saugerties, the place of
the pastor's residence, being substituted for it.
The Rev. Mr. Cole served this charge until
1835, It is difficult to ascertain what was the
condition of the church at West Camp at this
time, as in 1834 Mr, Cole reported two con-
gregations in which there were twenty-one
con6rmations and 156 members. But West
Camp is not named in his report.
The Rev, Thomas Lape succeeded Rev.
Cole in 1835, and remained until 1838. Wood-
stock was part of his charge. During the first
year of his ministry he reported in the two
congregations forty-one confirmations and a
membership of two hundred. The following
year he se^ms to have had further accessions
to his churches, running the membership up
to two hundred and twenty-five.
The Rev. A. Rumph succeeded Rev. T.
Lape. His charge consisted of Woodstock
and West Camp. The first time that the sta-
tistics of West Camp are given separately is in
the Minutes of 1 838. Brother Rumph reported
that year twenty-five baptisms and twenty ad-
ditions at West Camp, with a membership of
one hundred and eighty. In 1840, the two
396 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
congregations are again reported jointly, with
an increase of eighty members and a total of
three hundred and sixty-four communicants.
In I841, West Camp seems to have become
a separate charge, under the pastoral care of
Rev. Rumph. He reported this year thirty-five
baptisms, five confirmations, and a membership
of two hundred and sixty-seven. The next
year Roundout was connected with West
Camp, and Rev. Rumph was pastor of these
two churches until 1843, when he resigned.
It was during Rev. Rumph's ministry that a
parsonage was built at West Camp, and the
pastor has had his residence here ever since.
The Rev. Reuben Dederick succeeded Rev.
Rumph, and supplied West Camp, with Sau-
gerties, during the years 1844, '45 and '46.
The last year of his ministry in this charge he
reported thirty-one baptisms, eighteen addi-
tions, and a membership of two hundred and
thirty-eight.
The Rev. N. H. Cornell followed Rev. R.
Dederick in the pastoral charge of West Camp
and Saugerties in 1847, and preached here dur-
ing that year, 1848 and 1849. Nothing very
special seems to have occurred during his min-
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 397
istry. The congregations maintained their nu-
merical strength, and seem to have moved on
harmoniously. Brother Cornell went from
this charge to Middleburg.
The Rev. David Kline, a licentiate of the
East Pennsylvania Synod, was Rev. Cornell's
successor, and entered upon his duties in the
fall of 185 1. During the first year of his
ministry he reported thirty accessions by con-
firmation. The Rev. Kline was ordained at
the meeting of the Hartwick Synod held at
Canajoharie in 1852. The Rev. J. Selmser
preached the ordination sermon. The Rev.
Kline remained at West Camp until 1853,
when he accepted a call from Gilead church,
in the town of Brunswick, Rensselaer county.
The Rev. Thomas Lape succeeded Rev.
Kline, and took charge of Woodstock in con-
nection with West Camp. This was his second
call to this pastorate. At the meeting of
Synod in 1854 he reported a membership of
one hundred and thirty for West Camp, and
represented both congregations to be in a
growing condition. The attendance at both
was good — " the benevolent objects had been
fairly met." Both churches " had manifested
398 IIEltORtAL VOLUltfit
a commendable spirit in raising ftinds for re-
pairings painting, etc., their respective edifices.
The Sunday-school cause in both was flourish-
ing." Rev. Lape's ministry under his second
call covered a period of about three years.
He preached with acceptance, and the congre^
gation made some advancement.
In 1858 the Rev. D. F. Heller was settled as
pastor at West Camp. He was a native of
Stroudsburg, Pa., but pursued his studies at
Hartwick Seminary, where he graduated in
1857, after having spent six years in earnest,
patient preparation for the ministry. He was
licensed by the New York Ministerium in
1857. The next spring he accepted the call
to West Camp, and identified himself with
the Hartwick Synod. Brother Heller's min-
istry at this place covered a period of nearly
seven years. He was a plain, practical
preacher, and an earnest and laborious pastor.
The congregation at West Camp grew steadily
under his faithful devotion to his work. For
the year 1863 he reported nearly two hundred
members. His church was develqping in
piety and liberality. During the year the
ladies had raised j^oo towards improving H^
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. ^99
church edifice. He concluded his report thus :
" We have reason to thank God for the har-
mony and prosperity he permits us to enjoy."
In the summer of 1864, Rev. Heller had
taken steps to have the remains of pastor
Kocherthal removed from their first burial
place and re-interred with appropriate cere-
monies in the new cemetery adjoining the
Lutheran church, but he was not permitted to
execute his commendable purpose.
In the month of November, 1864, brother
Heller was taken ill, and after a few days of
severe suffering he fell asleep in Jesus, cut
down in manhood's prime, deeply lamented by
his congregation and the whole community,
upon whom the influence of his life and min-
istry is felt to this day. He is buried at ^yest
Gamp.
The Rev. Joseph D. Wirt was Rev. Heller's
successor. He was trained up in the Lutheran
church at Johnstown, N. Y., his native place,
graduated at Hartwick Seminary, and was
licensed by the New York Ministerium. He
entered upon his pastoral work at West Camp
on the 1 6th of July, 1865, and united with the
Hartwick Synod the ensuing fall. This was
400 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
brother Wirt*s first charge. He was a young
man of talent and energy, and devoted himself
earnestly to the duties of his high calling.
The church at West Camp was much improved
in all its interests under his ministry, which
however continued only three years. The
membership was considerably increased by
several revivals judiciously conducted, and
steps were taken for building a new church.
In 1866 he reported such a revival, and thirty-
one additions to the church. In his report to
Synod in 1868, brother Wirt says : " I can
truly say that the three years now past, and the
first three in my ministry, have been crowned
with success. During that time sixty-three
persons have been added to the church by
confirmation and certificate." In 1869 he re-
ported another revival, in the month of March,
with an addition of thirty-four to the church.
In the summer of the same year, brother
Wirt resigned and removed to Livingston, in
Columbia county, much to the regret of the
whole congregation.
The Rev, W. H. Emerick succeeded brother
Wirt, but remained only one year. Then
came Rev. P. M. Rightmyer, who commenced
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 4OI
his ministry here in May, 1871. Through the
efforts of Revs. Emerick and Wirt, who had
preceded brother Rightmyer, steps had been
taken for the erection of a new church at West
Camp, and brother R. had only to carry on and
complete the good work which these brethren
had initiated. But he prosecuted his part of
the enterprise energetically and successfully.
The new church was completed and dedicated
on October 26th, 1871.
The main edifice is 65x40 feet; height of
ceiling from the floor, 24 feet. The lecture-
room in the rear is 61x24; height of ceiling,
18 feet. The entire length of the edifice is 98
feet. The porch in front is 33x9 feet The
church is surmounted by a very graceful spire,
112 feet high. The church has beautiful
stained glass windows. The interior of the
main building and the lecture-room is finished
with ash, chestnut, and black walnut, and the
whole beautifully fi-escoed, — quite a striking
contrast with the humble log church in which
pastor Kocherthal preached, and he and his
pious Palatines worshiped. The church is
located near the site of the old one, and com-
mands a fine view of the beautiful scenery
26
402 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
along the Hudson river. The church has a
seating capacity of six hundred. It cost
^I2,000y and is at once an honor to the liber-
ality, enei^, and intelligent zeal of the pastors
and people. At the dedication services the
pastor was aided by Revs. V. F. Bolton and
David Kline.
The church seems to have prospered very
much under brother Rightmyer. There were
several extensive revivals, with large acces*
sions. The Sunday-school flourished, and all
his labors appear to have been crowned with
g^eat success.
During the year 1 871, the congregation took
out a new act of incorporation. This was on
the 2 1st day of December. Peter Emerick
and Nelson Burhans acted as inspectors of the
election. William Massino, John H, Gould,
and Lyman Richardson, were chosen the
trustees.
At the close of the second year of his min-
istry, brother Rightmyer resigned, and re-
moved to Freysburg, N. J.
During part of the year 1873, the church
was supplied by Rev. W. E. Traver, a student
from the Theological Seminary at Gettysburg.
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 4O3
He served the congregation acceptably until
the 1st of October of the same year.
The Rev. Levi Schell became pastor at West
Camp about the ist of October, 1873. He
commenced his labors seemingly in robust
health, with his wonted energy and enlight-
ened zeal, and with every prospect of great
usefulness through many years of pastoral
work. But in all this he and his many friends
were destined to a sore disappointment. After
two years of faithful and successful service,
his health began to fail. At the sessions of
Synod in 1875, '76, and 'tj^ his presence was
greatly missed, and he had to be excused be-
cause of sickness. During his illness he had
the sympathy of his brethren, by all of whom
he was greatly beloved ; and many filled his
pulpit for him, to give him rest and hasten his
recovery. In the year 1878, in the month of
December, his once vigorous constitution was
forced, after a severe struggle, to yield to the
power of disease, and he quietly and hopefully
laid him down to sleep, as the faithful Chris-
tian soldier sleeps, with the consciousness that
he had " fought the good fight," and by and
by would come the blessed waking from
404 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
death's long and silent sleep, and with the
waking, the victor's glorious crown.
Brother SchelFs death cast a deep gloom
over the congregation. Twice, within a little
more than a decade, the brethren at West
Camp had seen their pastor removed by death,
both of whom were highly venerated for their
earnest piety and devotion to their spiritual
interests. Brother Schell left here as else-
where, notwithstanding his enfeebled health,
much fruit of his ministry, and his memory is
cherished with profound affection and respect
by the congregation.
The Rev. D. W. Lawrence, a member of
the Franckean Synod, became Rev. Schell's
successor in 1879. His ministry was of short
duration, less than two years, when he re-
signed and accepted a call to a church in the
Franckean Synod at West Sandlake, N. Y.
The Rev. A. N. Daniels followed Rev. Law-
rence. He commenced his labors here on 15th
February, 1880. The pastor reports the fol-
lowing church officers as constituting the pres-
ent organization : Rev. A. N. Daniels, Pastor,
and Chairman of Church Council ; Garrett N.
Lasher, Nelson Burhans and John Richardson,
HISTORICAL SKETCHES. 4OS
Elders; P. W. Emerick, James E. Dederick,
Peter E. Bell, and John Stewart, Deacons ; E.
P, Simmons, William Massino and John H.
Gould, Trustees; E. P. Simmons, Clerk and
Treasurer, and also Superintendent of the Sun-
day-school.
The present pastor (Brother Daniels) is pros-
ecuting his work with great earnestness, and
thus far with marked success. He has held
during this winter a meeting, protracted
through several weeks, and by the faithful
presentation of the truth, there has been a re-
markable awakening, resulting in the hopeful
conversion and the addition to the church of
about fifty persons. This is a good work for
a beginning. Let us hope that the fruits of
this " work of grace" will abide to the glory of
God and the future welfare of this church with
whose past history so many grand, stirring
memories are associated.
SKETCH OF
HARTWICK SEMINARY.
HARTWICK SEMINARY.
BY REV. JAMES PITCHER, A. M.
A few years before the middle of the last
century (the precise date is not known) there
arrived in this country from Germany an ec-
centric, but devoted, Lutheran clergyman by
the name of John Christopher Hartwick. Ac-
cording to his own account, he was "sent
hither a missionary preacher of the Gospel,
upon petition and call of some Palatine con-
gregations in the counties of Albany and
Dutchess." He afterwards served charges in
Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New
England, and then again returned to New
York. During his ministrations here he be-
came acquainted with many of the natives, and
especially with the chiefs of the Mohawks, and
from them he purchased, at a consideration of
one hundred pounds, " a certain tract of land
on the south side of the Mohawk, between
Schoharie and Cherry Valley, along a certain
small creek, containing nine miles in length,
and four miles in breadth." Mr. Hartwick
paid his money and took his deed from the In-
(409)
410 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
dians in the year 1750 ; but he never came into
possession, as it was afterwards found that he
had not complied with the law, which required
him to have a permit from the Governor. Two
years later, however, he obtained from Gov-
ernor George Clinton the required " License
to purchase land/' In 1754 he made another
purchase from the Indians of a tract of land sup^
posed to contain 24,000 acres, and comprising
chiefly the present town of Hartwick, Otsego
county, N. Y. For this grant he also paid
one hundred pounds. An actual survey was
afterwards made, and it was found that the
tract contained only 21,500 acres. It is de-
scribed as " Beginning in the northwesterly
bounds of a certain tract of land granted by let-
ters patent to Valkert Oothout, John DeWitt,
and others, where the river issuing out of the
lake called Otsego, crosses the aforesaid north-
westerly bounds of the aforesaid tract of land
granted to Volkert Oothout and others, and
runs thence west 480 chains ; then north 480
chains ; then east 480 chains, to the said river
issuing out of the said lake Otsego. Then
along the west side of the said river, as it runs,^
to the place where this tract of land first
began."
SKETCH OF HARTWICK SEMINARY. . 4I I
The documentary history of these and sub-
sequent transactions is extensive and peculiar.
A complete record of them may be found in
the Memorial Volume of Hartwick Seminary,
published by J. Munsell, of Albany.
The limits of this sketch will not permit us
to follow Mr. Hartwick through his wander-
ings, nor to trace the course of the business
transactions which resulted, in 1761, in his
obtaining sole possession of eigJit-elevenths of
the tract mentioned above. His own explana-
tion of his object was that it was his only pur-
pose to use his possessions for the glory of
God, and for the advancement of his kingdom
upon the earth. With this view he proposed
to establish an institution of learning, and to
colonize the tract on such conditions as would
subserve the highest temporal and spiritual
interests of the colonists themselves, and also
of the settlers and savages surrounding. War
and infidelity were the two great calamities
which he wished to provide against. The
leases which he issued to parties who were
willing to settle were obtained at a small price,
but with this condition: "Be it remembered
that among the conditions on which the valid-
412 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
ity of this instrument dependeth, tfie following
is intended to be the principal one, viz.: That
the grantee be, or become, within a year's
time from the date of these presents, a parish-
ioner to all intents and purposes, which con-
sists in the following particulars, viz.:
" I. To acknowledge the grantor, John
Christopher Hartwick, or his substitute, for his
pastor, teacher, and spiritual counsellor.
" 2. To behave himself to him, with his
family, agreeably to this relation.
*' 3. To attend regularly, decently, atten-^
tively, and devoutly, divine service and instruc-
tion, performed and given by the said J. C. Hart-
wick or his substitute.
" 4. To aid and assist, according to his ability,
in building and repairing church, parish, and
school houses.
" 5. To keep his children and servants to
school and catechisation, until they are fit to be
confirmed, if baptized in infancy ; if not, until
they are fit to be baptized, and admitted to the
sacrament of the Lord's supper."
For thirty years Mr. Hartwick managed his
own estate, but with poor success. As the in-
firmities of years grew upon him, he found it
SKETCH OF HARTWICK SEMINARY. 413
necessary to commit his interests into other
hands. On the 1 3th of May, 1 791 , he appointed
William Cooper, esq., as his agent, with author-
ity to dispose of his whole property except
about three thousand acres, which he reserved
for his own purposes.
The result of this step was most disastrous.
During the extended litigation which followed,
Mr. Cooper came into possession of a large
proportion of the land, and Mr. Hartwick's as-
pirations largely "vanished into thin air.*' The
settlement of his affairs, however, he was also
obliged to leave to others, for the hour had
come when he must render an account of his
stewardship. Mr. Hartwick died on the 17th
of July, 1796. His will — the most peculiar
document from this peculiar man — provided
for the establishment of the institution which
had so long been his cherished scheme. Had
he lived longer, it is quite possible that all
of his property would have been frittered
away, just as a large share of it had already
been; but on his death the establishment of
Hartwick Seminary, which still bears his
honored name, became a certainty.
The executors of his will could do no more
414 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
than follow what they conceived to be the
spirit of it On settlement of the estate, it ap-
pears that there were 1^15,570.73 to be trans-
ferred for the purpose of putting into effect
Mr. Hartwick's pious designs. Of this amount,
;g2,750 were in turnpike and canal stock, which
afterwards became worthless. For fifteen
years after the death of Mr. Hartwick, no defi-
nite action could be agreed upon. All attempts
to carry out his wishes were abandoned from
necessity, except in the matter of establishing
a theological and missionary institute. But
now the question of site was to be determined,
and it was not till 181 1 that the present site
was agreed upon, and proposals issued for the
erection of the necessary buildings. The foun-
dation was laid in 1812. On the 15th of De-
cember, 1 81 5, the Seminary commenced its
eventful career under the direction of Rev. Dr.
Ernst Lewis Hazelius as principal, and John
A. Quitman, esq., as assistant. Both these
gentlemen afterwards attained great promi*
nence — the former as theologian and scholar,
the latter as general and statesman. The
school opened with nineteen students, and at
the close of the first term the roll numbered
forty-four.
SKETCH OF HARTWICK SEMINARY. 4I5
It should be borne in mind that this was in
the beginning of the year 1816, and that at
that time the savage roamed at will over these
now populous hills and valleys. There were
no public conveyances, and it was with the
greatest difficulty that students could reach
these classic shades. The very fact also that
forty-four names were enrolled the first term,
shows how meager were the educational ad-
vantages of central-eastern New York at this
comparatively recent date. The history, there-
fore, of Hartwick Seminary in its growth and
development, is the history of civilization in
these regions. It will serve our present pur-
pose best to quote from an obituary notice
which we prepared on the occasion of the
death of Clark Davison, esq., one of the oldest
and most respected inhabitants of Hartwick
Seminary, N. Y. :
"Mr. Davison was born March 14th, 179S,
and died March nth, 1873, being within three
days of seventy-eight years of age. His father
came to this county from Massachusetts about
the year 1785, and on the site of his prospective
residence, chopped the first tree that fell to
tnake way for a settlement in this locality.
4l6 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
Here Mr. Davison was born, and here also,
after an uninterrupted residence of nearly four-
score years, he closed his eyes in death. At
the time of his fatfier's settlement, Co<^)erstown
consisted of one house of unpretending dimen-
sions ; and as an evidence of the inconvenience
which the early settlets experienced, it is re-
lated that about this time his father went all
the way to Schenectady to procure a bushel of
potatoes, and that he brought them home on
horseback. The potatoes were used for food,
and the eyes were planted for seed. When the
land was sufficiently cleared so that wheat
could be raised, the grain had to be carried on
horseback to Cherry Valley to be ground.
" Mr. Davison distinctly remembers being
lifted into his Other's arms to see a bear go
by; and when quite a boy, going to bring
home his father's cattle, he frequently found
deer feeding among them. Their house was
the home of Rev. John C. Hartwick, from
whom the town received its name, and who
left a considerable part of the value of his
patent for the purpose of founding a school,
which was established in 1815, and also bears
his name. About five years after, the first post
SKETCH OF HARTWICK SEMINARY. 417
office was established in this locality, and Mr.
Davison was appointed postmaster."
Unfortunately, the records of the institution,
containing a complete list of the students who
have been in attendance during all these years,
have not been preserved. Rev H. N. Pohlman,
D. D., was the first graduate, and about one
hundred others have here been educated for
the Lutheran ministry.
The institution has also contributed her
quota to the ranks of the other learned profes-
sions, besides furnishing educational advan-
tages to hundreds of youths who here laid the
foundation for business prosperity in the more
humble walks of life.
The most complete record of students is that
of the membership of the Philophronean Society
— a literary society whose organization is co-
temporary with that of the institution — which
numbers over seven hundred and fifty mem-
bers. This list does not of course include
those students who were not members of the
society, nor females, who have comprised a
liberal proportion of the patronage of the Sem-
inary since 1851.
27
4l8 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
The present Board of Trustees consists of the
following gentlemen :
President, Rev. Wm. N, Scholl, D. D., Canajoharie,
N.Y.
Secretary, Rev. Wm. Hull, Hudson, N. Y.
Treasurer, G. N. Frisbie, Middleburgh, N. Y.
Rev. Irving Magee, D.D., Albany, N. Y.
Rev. N. Van Alstine, Raymertown, N. Y.
Rev. M. W. Empie, Fort Plain, N. Y.
Rev. M. Kling, Cobleskill, N. Y.
E. Swartout, Esq., Hartwick Seminary, N. Y.
Wm. C. Davison, Esq., " "
Rev. P. Felts, D. D., Johnstown, N. Y.
Chas. A. Shcieren, Esq., New York City.
(One vacancy.)
Among the number of assistant teachers we
find the following: Gen. John A. Quitman,
Rev Dr. J. Z. Senderling, Rev. H. Hayunga,
Rev. C. B. Thuemmel, Rev. Dr. L. Sternberg,
Rev G. H. Miller, John Crafts, Rev. A. Mar-
tin, Rev? Dr. H. N. Pohlman, Rev. J. Berger,
Rev. Dr. Geo. B. Miller, Rev. Dr. H. I.
Schmidt, Rev. Geo. Neff, Rev. Wm. Snyder,
John B. Steele, Rev. James Pitcher, Rev. W. P.
Evans, Rev. C. H. Traver, etc.
The present faculty is as follows : Theologi-
cal: Rev. James Pitcher and Rev. J. L. Kistler,
SKETCH OF HARTWICK SEMINARY.
419
with Rev. William Hull as Lecturer on Eccle-
siastical Law; Classical: Rev. James Pitcher,
Rev. J. L. Kistler. Oscar Hardy, and Miss
Hattie Armstrong.
The following classified table will show the
management of the institution from its organ-
ization to. the present time.
Principal,
Rev. Ernst L. Hazelius, D. D.
Rev. George B. Miller, D. D...
Rev. Wm. D. Strobel, D. D ...
Rev. Henry I. Schmidt D. D.
Rev. George B. Miller, D, D...
Rev. Levi Sternberg, D, D
Rev. Wm. N. Scholl, D. D
Rev. T. T. Titus, A. M
Rev. James Pitcher, A. M
Senior Professor 0/ Theology,
'*'5| Rev. Ernst S. Haxelius, D. D.
■ Rev. George B. Miller, D. D.
. Rev. Wm. D. Strobel D. D.
-Rev. George B. Miller, D. D.
1871 ^^*^- ^^- ^- ^^^^* !>• !>•
1872 >-Rev. T. T. Titus, A, M.
1873)
'^74 1 Rev. P. Bergstresser, A M.
1876 {
^^^\ Rev. James Pitcher, A M.
At the annual meeting of the Board of Trus-
tees, held in June, 1879, *^ ^^^ resolved to
make an effort to endow an additional profes-
sorship, to be known as the " George B. Miller
Professorship in Theology." The work has
been progressing quietly but successfully, and
420 MEMORIAL VOLUME.
the present indications are that such professor
will be elected at an early day. At the present
writing (1 88 1 ) the institution is enjoying an
unusual degree of prosperity. Every room
devoted to the use of male students is occu-
pied, and a goodly number find accommoda-
tions in the vicinity. 'With an increase of its
faculty, such as the contemplated professor-
ship would secure, there is abundant reason to
expect that the institution is entering upon a
Career of usefulness such as the times and the
church demand.
INDEX
PACK
Dedication 3
Advertisement . . . . . . .5
Preface .......... 9
Historical Address 15
Convention to Organize the Synod . . , ly
Personnel of the Convention . . . . tS
Organization of Synod — Election of Officers . 21
First Regular Meeting of Synod- . . . .24
Measures Inaugurated 25
Union with the General Synod— Delegates to that 18
body 25^
Second Convention of Synod .... 26
Third " « «« ... 26
Fourth and Fifth Conventions .... 27
Sixth Convention 27
Confessional Position of Synod ... 29
Rupture in the Synod — Organization of the
Franckean Synod — Defence of Synod . 40
Relation of Synod to the Cause of Education . 48
Beneficiaries Aided by Synod ... 52
Relation of Synod to Home Missions . . 54
" " " " Foreign Missions . . 56
" ** " " Sunday-schools . . 59
" " " " Union of Synods . 60
(421)
422 INDEX.
F408
Relation of Synod to Temperance Cause . . 62
•• " " " Evangelical Alliance, Tract
and Bible Cause 63
Review .64
Names of the Founders of Synod ... 80
" " " Subsequent Members . . .80
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
Rev. G. A. Lintner, D. D.. by Rev. H. I. Schmidt.
D. D. . . . . .85
Rev. Adam Crownse, by Rev. J. Z. Sender ling,
D.D . .100
Rev. Thomas Lape, by Rev. P. A. Strobel . . 105
" J. Z. Senderling, D. D., by Rev. L. D. Wells . 109
" Philip Wieting„by Rev. P. A. Strobel . .115
" L. Swackhamer, " James Pitcher , 1 19
" David Eyster " Mrs. R, M. Eyster . . 123
" George B. Miller, D. D., by Rev. A.
Waldron . . . . . . . 134
Rev. John Selmser, by Rev. Wm. Hull . . 140
" Walter Gunn, " " G. A. Lintner. D. D. 147
" Wm.E. Snyder, " P. A. Strobel . .150
" James R.Keiser, Mrs. E. M. Keiser . . 153
" Reuben Dederick, by Rev. Wm. Hull . 157
" Levi Schell, by Rev. P. A. Strobel . 158
" James Lefler, by Rev. W. N. Scholl, D. D . 163
" Albert Waldron, by Rev. P. A. Strobel . 165
" L. L. Bonnell, *• " P. A. Strobel . 167
" D. F. Heller, " " Thomas Lape . 178
" Joseph D. Wirt, " " P. Felts, D. D. . 184
" B. W. Tomlinson, " " J. Tomlinson . 186
" Wm. H. Emerick, " " P. A. Strobel . 189
INDEX. 423
PAGE
HISTORICAL SKETCHES OF THE CHURCHES.
Zion's Church, Athens, N. Y.. Rev. Wm. Hull . 197
Berne " Berne, Albany co., N. Y., Rev. J.
R. Shoflfner .... 200
St. Matthew's Church, Breakabeen, Schoharie co.,
N. Y., Rev. P. A. Strobel . . . 211
Messiah Church, Fultonham, Schoharie co., N. Y ,
Rev. P. A. Strobel . . . .214
English Luth. Church, Canajoharie, Montgomery
CO., N. Y., Rev. L. D. Wells ... 215
Zion's Church, Cobleskill, Schoharie co., N. Y.,
Rev. P. A. Strobel . . . .223
St. Peter's Church, New Rhinebeck, N. Y., Rev.
P. A. Strobel . . • . 246
St. John's Church, Sharon, Schoharie co., N. Y.,
Rev. M. J. Stover . . . .256
Gilead Church, Brunswick, Rensselaer co., N.
Y., Rev. P. A. Strobel 259
St. John's Church, Schaghticoke, Rensselaer co.,
N. Y., Rev. N. Wirt 269
First Luth. Church, West Sandlake, Rensselaer
CO., Rev. P. A. Strobel ..... 272
English Luth.Church, Dansville, Livingston co.,
N. Y., Rev. P. A. Strobel .... 280
St. John's Church, Sparta, Livingston co., N. Y.,
Rev. P. A. Strobel 284
Second Luth. Church, Fayette, Seneca co.,
N. Y., Rev. U. Myers 286
St. John's and St. Mark's Churches, Guilder-
land, Albany co.. Rev. A. P. Ludden . .291
Evan. Luth. Church, Gallupville, Schoharie co.,
N. Y., Rev. W. P. Evans ... 300
4.24 INDEX.
PAGB
St Paul's Church, Johnstown, Fulton co.,
N. Y., Rev. P. Felts, D. D 305
West Amsterdam Church, Fulton co., N. Y.,
Rev. P. A. Strobel ..... 310
Zion's Church, Knox, Albany co.. Rev. L. P.
Ludden 311
St. John's Church, Livingston, Columbia co.,
N. Y., Rev. Wm. Hull 316
English Church, Lockport, Niagara co., N. Y.,
Rev. P. A. Strobel 318
Frieden's Church, Niagara co., Rev. P. A.
Strobel 323
Maryland Mission, Maryland, Otsego co., N. Y.,
Rev. James Pitcher 324
St. Mark's Mission, Middleburg, Schoharie, co.,
N. Y., Rev. P. A. Strobel 334
Luth. Church, Richmondville, Schoharie co.,
N. Y., Rev. P. A. Strobel .... 342
St. Paul's Church, Schoharie C. H., Schoharie
CO., N. Y., Rev. P. A. Strobel ... 346
Central Bridge Church, Schoharie co., N. Y.,
Rev. P. A. Strobel 360
Stone Arabia Church, Montgomery co., N. Y.,
Rev. W. W. Gulick 363
Stone Church of Palatine Montgomery co., N.
Y., Rev. N. Wirt 365
Christ Church, Woodstock, Ulster co., N. Y.,
Rev. Wm. Sharts 369
St. Paul's Church, West Camp, Ulster co., N. Y.,
Rev. P. A. Strobel 372
Sketch of Hartwick Seminary, Rev. J.
Pitcher 407
STROBEL, Riilip A
Memorial of the
Hartwick Synod of the
Lutheran Church
9^5
Luth.655
S919nie