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MILLER'S 

NEW  YORK  AS  IT  IS, 

OR 

STRANGER'S  GUIDE-BOOK 

TO  THE  CITIES  OF 

NEW    YORK,    BROOKLYN 

AND  ADJACENT  PLACES; 

COMPRISING  NOTICES  OF 

EVERY  OBJECT  OF  INTEREST  TO  STRANGERS; 

IN'JLUDTNG 

PUBLIC    BUILDINGS,    CHURCHES.    HOTELS.    ^L.^CE3     OT 

Tmusement.  liteuaut  institutions,  etc. 

mm  fElap  ant,  mimcrous  IlIuattatianB.      ;       ^ 

NEW    YORK: 
JAMES    MILLER.  647    BROADWAY. 

1872, 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE. 

Historical  Localities ; .  5 

Historic  Retrospect 13 

General  View 20 

New  York  as  It  is 28 

Parks  and  Public  Squares 27 

Public  Buildings 35 

Benevolent  Institutions 39 

Literary  and  Scientific  Institutions 43 

Theological  Institutions 58 

New  York  Press 60 

f  laces  of  Amusement 63 

Carmen ..  65 

Hotels 66 

Churches  of  New  York Tl 

filegant  Private  Residences 80 

Notable  Stores,  &c 82 

Banks    86 

Savings  Banks 88 

Public  Works 89 

Clipper  Ships,  Packets,  &c 92 

Forts  and  Fortifications 92 

Principal  Restaurants  and  Saloons  93 

Principal  Hotels 94 

New  York  Markets 94 

Ocean  Steamships 95 

Telegraph  Lines 98 

Foreign  Consuls..    • y** 

Omnibuses  and  Rail  Cars 99 

Railroads  1<*2 

The  Ferries 1"4 

Expresses  and  depots l"o 

List  of  Piers 1"6 

The  City  of  Brooklyn 10' 

Brooklyn  Hotels 1'2 

Publiclnstitutions 112 

Greenwood  Cemetery I'j^ 

Churches  of  Brooklyn 1^9 

Brooklyn  City  Railroads "  ' 

Pleasure  Excursions 1  '8 

The  Environs  of  the  City j20 

Distances  in  the  City J'-'t 

The  Hudson  River 12i 

Supplemental  Hints \^" 

Metropolitan  Police ^^ 


NEW    YORK    AS    IT    WAS 


HISTOKICAL  LOCALITIES. 


The  denizens  of  New  York  are  such  utilitarian*  that 
they  have  sacrificed  to  the  shrine  of  Mammon  ahnost 
every  relic  of  the  olden  time.  The  feeling  of  venera- 
tion for  the  past,  so  characteristic  of  the  cities  of  the 
Old  World,  is  lamentably  deficient  among  the  people  of 
the  New.  Still,  as  there  are  some  who  may  take  an  in- 
terest in  knowing  even  the  sites  of  memorable  historic 
places  of  the  city,  we  will  briefly  refer  to  some  of  them. 
Few,  we  presume,  are  not  patriotic  enough  to  gaze 
with  interest  as  they  pass  through  Franklin  Square, 
on  the  site  of  the  old  town  mansion  of  Washington, 
which  stood  at  the  northeast  angle  of  Franklin  Square 
and  Pearl  street ;  or  tread  the  sod  of  Fort  Greene, 
Brooklyn,  that  battle-ground  of  the  Martyrs  of  Liberty. 

Taking  the  Battery  as  a  starting-point,  the  first  ob 
ject  of  historic  interest  we  encounter,  is  the  old  Ken- 
nedy Eome^  No.  1  Broadway.  During  the  war  of  in- 
dependence, it  was  successively  the  residence  of  Lord 
Cornwallis,  Gen.  Chnton,  Lord  Howe,  and  Gen.  Wash- 
ington. This  house  was  erected  in  1760,  by  Hon. 
Capt.  Kennedy,  who  returned  to  England  prior  to  the 
Revolution,  It  subsequently  came  into  the  possession 
of  his  youngest  son,  from  whom  it  ultimately  passed  into 
that  of  the  late  Nathaniel  Prime.  Talleyrand  passed 
some  time  under  its  roof. 

From  this  house  anxious  eyes  watched  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  statue  of  George  HL,  in  the  Bowling 
Green ;  and  a  few  years  afterwards,  other  eyes  saw, 


%  NEW   TOKK   AS   IT   WAS. 

from  its  windows,  the  last  soldiers  of  that  king  passing 
forever  from  our  shores.  Still  later,  others  looked 
sadly  on  tlie  funeral  of  Fulton,  who  died  in  a  house 
which  had  been  built  in  what  was  once  the  garden. 

Here  Arnold  concerted  his  treasonable  project  with 
Andre  at  the  Clinton's — his  head-quarters  at  the  time. 
Arnold  also  occupied  more  frequently  the  third  house 
from  the  Battery,  in  Broadway.  Arnold  is  said  to 
have  had  a  sentinel  at  his  door.  "When  his  traitorous 
character  had  become  known,  he  used  to  be  saluted  in 
the  streets  by  the  epithet  of  "the  traitor-general." 
He  was  guarded  by  an  escort  from  Sir  Henry  Clinton. 
Gen.  Gage's  head-quarters,  in  1765,  was  the  small  low 
building  since  known  as  the  Atlantic  Garden. 

The  Bowling  Green  was  originally  inclosed,  in  1732, 
"with  walks  therein  for  the  beauty  and  orname-nt  of 
said  street,  as  well  as  for  the  sports  and  delight  of  the 
inhabitants  of  the  citie." 

In  1697,  it  was  resolved  "that  the  lights  be  hung 
out  in  the  darke  time  of  tlie  moon  within  this  citty, 
and  for  the  use  of  the  inhabitants ;  and  that  every  7th 
house  doe  hang  out  a  lanthorn  and  a  candle  in  it,"  &c. 

The  site  of  the  old  Government  house  is  now  occu- 
pied by  a  range  of  dwelling-houses,  at  the  south  side 
of  the  inclosure,  called  the  Bowling  Green.  It  was 
subsequently  used  as  the  Custom  House  (from  1790  to 
1815),  when  it  was  taken  down.  Earlier  recollections 
even  belong  to  this  location ;  here  the  Dutch  and  Eng- 
lish  forts  were  erected.  At  the  corner  of  Wall  and 
William  streets,  now  the  Bank  of  New  York,  once 
stood  the  statue  of  William  Pitt.  The  old  Stadt 
Huys  stood  at  Coenties  Slip.  On  the  site  of  the  pres- 
ent U.  S.  Treasury,  was  situated  the  ToAvn  Hall,  or 
"  Congress  Hall,"  which  included  also  the  Law  Courts 
and  Prison.  In  front  of  this  building  were  the  stocks, 
a  pillory,  and  a  whipping-post.  This  edifice  was  sub- 
sequently converted  into  a  hall  of  legislature. 

It  was  in  its  gallery,  on  Wall  street,  in  April,  1789, 
that  Gen.  Washington  was  inaugurated  the  first  Preair 


HISTOEIOAL  LOCALITIES.  7 

dent  of  the  United  States.  This  important  public  cere- 
mony, the  oath  of  office,  took  place  in  the  open  gallery 
in  front  of  the  Senate  Chamber,  in  the  view  of  an  im- 
mense concourse  of  citizens.  There  stood  Washington, 
invested  with  a  suit  of  dark  silk  velvet,  of  the  old 
cut,  steel-hilted  small-sword  by  his  side,  hair  in  bag 
and  full  powdered,  in  black  silk  hose,  and  shoes  with 
silver  buckles,  a's  he  took  the  oaili  of  office,  to  Chancel- 
lor Livingston.  Dr.  Duer  thus  describes  the  scene  of 
the  inauguration : 

"This  auspicious  ceremony  took  place  under  the  por- 
tico of  Federal  Hall,  upon  the  balcony  in  front  of  the 
Senate  Chamber,  in  the  immediate  presence  of  both 
Houses  of  Congress,  and  in  full  view  of  the  crowds 
that  thronged  the  adjacent  streets.  The  oath  was  ad- 
ministered by  Chancellor  Livingston,  and  when  the 
illustrious  chief  had  kissed  the  book,  the  Chancellor, 
with  a  loud  voice,  proclaimed,  "Long  live  George 
Washington,  President  of  the  United  States."  Never 
shall  I  forget  the  thrilling  effijct  of  the  thundering 
cheers  which  burst  forth,  as  from  one  voice,  peal  after 
peal  from  the  assembled  multitude.  Nor  was  it  the 
voices  alone  of  the  people  that  responded  to  the  an- 
nouncement, their  hearts  beat  in  unison  with  the 
echoes  resounding  through  the  distant  streets;  and 
many  a  tear  stole  down  the  rugged  cheeks  of  the  hard- 
iest of  the  spectators,  as  well  I  noted  from  my  station 
in  an  upper  window  of  the  neighboring  house  of  Col. 
Hamilton." 

Washington's  farewell  interview  with  his  officers 
took  place  at  France's  Tavern,  corner  of  Pearl  and 
Broad  streets. 

New  York  is  noted  for  its  pageants  and  processions. 
That  on  the  occasion  of  the  last  visit  of  Gen.  Lafay- 
ette, presented  the  most  imposing  spectacle  of  its  time. 

In  ancient  times  boats  were  used  to  convey  passen- 
gers across  Pearl  street.  Canal  and  Cliff  streets  derive 
their  names  from  a  like  circumstance.  The  Old  Dutch 
records  show  that  the  outskirts  of  the  to^vi?  were  di- 


O  NKW   TOKK    AS   IT   WAS. 

vided  into  farms — called  "  Bouwerys  ;"  From  this  fact 
the  Bowery  derived  its  name. 

The  hills  were  sometimes  precipitous,  as  from  Beek- 
man's  and  Peck's  hills,  and  in  the  neighborhood  of 
Pearl,  Beekman,  and  Ferry  streets,  and  from  the  Middle 
Dutch  Church,  in  Nassau  street,  down  to  Maiden  lane ; 
and  sometimes  gradually  sloping,  as  on  either  hills 
along  the  line  of  the  water,  coursing  'through  Maiden 
lane. 

When  Hamilton  acted  as  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
he  wrote  the  "  Federalist,"  at  a  house  in  Wall  street, 
between  Broad  and  William  streets,  its  site  being  now 
occupied  by  the  Mechanics'  Bank.  His  last  residence 
was  the  Grange,  at  Bloomingdale.  He  lived  also  for 
some  time  at  Bayard  House  on  the  banks  of  the  North 
Kiver.  His  hapless  duel  with  Burr,  near  Weehawken, 
is  pointed  out  to  visitors, — a  stone  marks  the  spot  where 
Hamilton  fell. 

Leisler  and  Milbourne,  the  proto-martyrs  of  popular 
liberty  in  America,  met  with  a  sanguinary  death.  May 
16th,  1691,  on  the  verge  of  Beekman's  swamp,  near  the 
spot  where  Tammany  Hall  now  stands. 

Where  Catharine  street  now  stands,  was  the  spot 
where  the  stamps  were  burnt,  at  the  dead  of  night,  by 
citizens,  in  the  year  1776. 

Benjamin  Franklin,  while  residing  in  New  York,  used 
as  an  observatory  for  experipienting  on  electricity,  the 
steeple  of  the  old  Dutch  Church, — now,  the  Post-Office, 
in  Nassau  street.  'Who  will  not  gaze  with  interest  at 
this  starting-point  of  that  luminous  train  which  now  en- 
circles the  globe,  and  by  which  we  communicate  in  let- 
ters of  light,  with  our  antipodes,  almost  with  the  celer- 
ity of  thought. 

The  old  City  Hotel,  in  Broadway,  the  site  of  which  is 
now  occupied  by  a  row  of  brown  stone  buildings,  was 
for  a  long  time  the  most  notable  edifice  of  the  kind  in 
the  city.  Here  Washington,  with  his  suite,  attended  the 
brilliant  assemblies  of  his  days. 

A  still  more  interesting  relic  of  the  pa,st,  was  the  old 


niSTOKIOAL  L00ALITIK8.  9 

Jugar-House  Prison,  which,  till  within  a  very  few  years, 
stood  in  Liherty  street,  adjacent  to  the  Dutch  Church, 
now  the  Post-Office.  It  was  founded  in  1689,  and  oc- 
cupied as  a  sugar-refining  factory,  till  1777,  whec.  Lord 
Howe  converted  it  into  a  place  of  confinement  for 
Amei'ican  prisoners.     Here  is  a  sketch  of  it. 


The  old  "Walton  House,  in  Pearl  street  (N"o.  326),  was 
one  of  the  memorabilia  of  New  York  city.  This  cele- 
Dnited  mansion  was  erected,  in  1754,  by  "Walton,  a 
wealthy  English  merchant.  It  continued  in  possession  of 
the  family  during  the  Kevolutionary  war,  and  was  the 
scene  of  great  splendor  and  fest'vity. 

AVashington's  city  mansion  stood  at  the  junction  of 
Main  and  Pearl  streets — the  northern  angle  of  Franklin 
Square.  Here  the  General  was  accustomed  to  hold 
state  levees. 

The  Old  Brewery,  at  the  Five  Points,  recently  taken 
down,  is  deserving  of  some  notice.  Its  purlieus  were 
those  of  wretchedness  and  crime  ;  they  have  been  fitly 
described  as  "  an  exhibition  of  poverty  without  a  par- 


10 


NEW    YORK   AS   XT   WAS, 


allel — a  scene  of  degradation  too  appalling  to  be  believed, 
and  too  shocking  to  be  disclosed,  where  you  find  crime 
■without  punishment, — disgrace  without  shame, — sin 
without  compunction, — and  death  without  hope." 

During  the  past  few  years,  the  attention  of  the  be- 
nevolent has  been  attracted  to  this  locality,  and  a 
missionary  station  has  been  erected  there,  under  the 
direction  of  Mr.  Pease.  The  entire  cost  of  the  estab- 
lishment lias  been  estimate*'  at  over  $80,000. 

The  old  Metliodist  Chv.rch  in  John  street,  nearly 
facing  Dutch  street,  is  an  object  of  antiquarian  interest. 
In  William  street,  about  midway  between  John  and 
Fulton  streets,  stands  a  range  of  modern  houses,  about 
the  centre  of  which  was  the  birth-place  of  Washington 
Irving. 


Old  Governor  Stuyvesant's  house,  a  fine  view  of 
which  is  annexed,  stood  upon  his  "  Bowerie  Farm,"  a 
little  to  the  south  of  St.  Mark's  Church,  between  the 
Second  and  Third  Avenues.     A  pear-tree,  imported 


HI8T0EI0AL   LOCALITIES.  H 

from  Holland  in  1647,  by  Stuyvesant,  and  planted  in 
his  garden,  yet  flourishes  on  the  corner  of  Thirteenth 
street  and  Third  Avenue,  the  only  living  relic  which 
preserves  the  memory  of  the  renowned  Dutch  Gov- 
nor.  This  patriarchal  tree  is  two  hundred  and  twelve 
years  old. 

We  present  the  reader  with  a,  facsimile  of  Governor 
Stuyvesant's  seal. 


He  lived  eighteen  years  after  the  change  in  tne  gov- 
ernment, and  at  his  death  was  buried  in  his  vault 
within  the  chapel.  Over  his  remains  was  placed  a  slab 
(which  may  yet  be  seen  in  the  eastern  wall  of  St. 
Mark's),  with  the  following  inscription:  "In  this  vault 
lies  buried  Petrus  Stuyvesant,  late  Captain  General  and 
Commander-in-Chief  of  Amsterdam,  in  New  Nether- 
lands, now  called  New  York,  and  tiie  Dutch  West  India 
Islands.  Died  in  August,  a.  d.,  1682,  aged  eighty 
years.'' 

At  the  corner  of  Charlton  and  Varick  streets  stood 
a  wooden  building,  formerly  of  considerable  celebrity, 
known  as  the  "  Richmond  Hill  House."  It  has  had 
many  distinguished  occupants,  having  been  successively 
the  residence  of  General  Washington,  John  Adams,  and 
Aaron  Burr.  It  has  been  the  scene  of  great  festivities. 
Baron  Steuben,  Chancellor  Livingston,  and  numerous 


12 


NEW    YORK    AS    IT    WAS. 


other  notable  men  of  their  times,  having  met  within  its 
walls. 

Aaron  Burr  once  lived  at  the  corner  of  Cedar  and 
Nassau  streets,  and,  after  he  held  the  office  of  Vice- 
President,  at  the  corner  of  Pine  and  Nassau. 

Cobbett  kept  his  seed  store  at  62  Fulton  street.  His 
farm  was  at  Hempstead,  Long  Island. 

Grant  Thorburn's  celebrated  seed  store,  which  was  one 
of  the  notable  objects  of  the  city,  in  its  time,  was  in 
Liberty  street,  between  Nassau  and  Broadway,  and  oc- 
cupied as  large  a  space  as  the  present  establishment  in 
John  street.  His  store  was  previously  used  for  a  Qua- 
ker meeting-house,  the  first  that  that  society  had  erect- 
ed in  the  city. 

The  brick  meeting-house,  built  in  1764,  in  Beeknian 


HI8T0EI0AL  LOCALITIES.  13 

street,  near  ITassau  street,  then  standing  on  open  fields, 
was  the  place  where  Whitefield  preached. 

On  the  site  of  the  present  Metropolitan  Hotel,  once 
lived  the  diplomatist — Talleyrand,  when  ambassador  to 
the  United  States.  He  published  a  small  tract  on 
America,  once  much  read  ;  he  it  was  who  affirmed  that 
the  greatest  sight  he  had  ever  beheld  in  this  country, 
was  Hamilton,  with  his  pile  of  books  under  his  arm, 
proceeding  to  the  court-room  in  the  old  City  Hall,  in 
order  to  expound  the  law. 

James  R'-ington,  from  London,  opened  a  bookstore 
in  1761,  near  the  foot  of  "Wall  street,  from  which  his 
"  Koyal  Gazetteer  "  was  published  in  April,  1773. 

Gaine's  ''  New  York  Mercury,"  in  Hanover  Square, 
was  established  in  1752  ;  Holt's  "  New  York  Journal," 
in  Dock  (Pearl)  street,  near  Wall,  commenced  in  1776 ; 
and  Anderson's  "  Constitutii.flal  Gazette,"  a  very  small 
sheet,  was  published  for  a  few  months  in  177o,  at  Beek- 
man's  Slip. 

Gaine  kept  a  bookstore  under  the  sign  of  the  Bible 
and  Crown,  at  Hanover  Square,  for  forty  years.  Among 
the  early  publishers  and  booksellers,  may  be  named. 
Evert  Duyckinck,  who  lived  at  the  corner  of  Pearl 
street  and  Old  Slip ;  and  Isaac  Collins,  George  A.  Hop- 
kins, Samuel  Campbell,  and  T.  &  J.  Swords. 

"William  Barks,  of  Maiden  Lane,  was  himself  an  ex- 
cellent scholar.  He  published  classical  books.  He  was 
the  friend  and  correspondent  of  Newton — Cowper'a 
friend. 


HISTORICAL  RETEOSPECT. 

In  the  year  1607,  the  memorable  year  in  which  forty- 
seven  learned  men  began  the  English  version  of  the 
Bible,  Henry  Hudson  sailed  in  search  of  a  northeast 
passage  to  India.     For  two  seasons  he  strove  in  vain  to 


14  NKW   YORK   AS   IT   WA8, 

penetrate  the  ice  barriers,  and  then  turned  liomeward. 
His  patrons  abandoned  their  ent^prise,  and  Hudson 
went  over  to  Holland  and  entered  the  service  of  the 
Dutch  East  India  Company,  whose  fleets  then  agitated 
the  waters  of  almost  every  sea. 

On  the  3d  of  September,  1609,  the  intrepid  navigator 
first  entered  the  Bay  of  New  York.  Here  commence 
the  acknowledged  chronicles  of  European  civilization 
on  these  shores  of  the  newly-discovered  continent,  over 
which,  till  then,  the  wild  Indian  had  held  undisputed 
sway.  According  to  Scandinavian  records,  it  is  af- 
firmed, the  Norsemen  visited  our  shores  even  prior  to 
the  discovery  of  the  continent  by  the  famed  Genoese. 

Among  those  supposed  early  navigators,  was  Prince 
Madoc;  and  Verrazani,  Avho,  in  the  year  1514,  is  be- 
lieved to  have  anchored  in  tliese  waters,  and  explored 
the  coast  of  what  was  then  known  as  part  of  ancient 
Vinland.  We  shall  take  a  cursory  glance  at  the  lead- 
ing events  which  have  been  handed  down  to  us,  since 
they  will  serve  to  illustrate  the  progressive  advance- 
ment of  the  civilized,  over  the  savage  forms  of  life,  of 
which  this  memorable  island  has  been  the  theatre. 

Although  Hudson  has  not  recorded,  in  his  diary,  his 
landing  in  the  harbor  of  New  York,  we  possess  a  tra- 
dition of  the  event,  by  Heckewelder,  the  Indian  histo- 
rian. He  describes  the  natives  as  greatly  perplexed 
and  terrified  when  they  beheld  the  approach  of  tho 
strange  object — the  ship  in  the  ofling.  They  deemed 
it  a  visit  from  the  Manitou,  coming  in  his  big  canoe, 
and  began  to  prepare  an  entertainment  for  his  recep- 
tion. "By-and-by,  the  chief,  in  red  clothes  and  a 
glitter  of  metal^  with  others,  came  ashore  in  a  smaller 
canoe ;  mutual  salutations  and  signs  of  friendship  were 
exchanged ;  and  after  a  while,  strong  drink  was  offered, 
which  made  all  gay  and  happy.  In  time,  as  their  mu- 
tual acquaintance  progressed,  the  white  shins  told  them 
they  would  stay  with  them,  if  they  allowed  them  as 
much  land  for  cultivation  as  the  hide  of  a  bullock, 
spread  before  them,  could  cover  or  encompass.    The 


HISTORICAL   RETROSPECT.  15 

request  was  gratified ;  and  the  pale  men,  tliereupon, 
beginning  at  a  starting  point  on  the  liide,  cut  it  np  into 
one  long  extended  narrow  strip,  or  thong,  sufficient  to 
encompass  a  large  place.  Their  cunning  equally  sur- 
prised and  amused  the  confiding  and  simple  Indians, 
who  willingly  allowed  the  success  of  their  artifice,  and 
backed  it  with  a  cordial  welcome."  Such  was  the  ori- 
gin of  the  site  of  New  York,  on  tlie  place  called  Man- 
hattan (i.  e.  Manahachtanienks),  a  revelling  name,  im- 
porting "the  place  where  they  all  got  drunk!"  and  a 
name  then  bestowed  by  the  Indians,  as  commemorative 
of  that  first  great  meeting. 

Hudson  afterwards  proceeded  to  explore  the  North 
Eiver,  since  called  after  his  name — the  Eudson.  The 
Half-Moon  anchored  at  Yonkers,  and  the  Indians  came 
ofl?  in  canoes  to  traflic  with  the  strangers.  But  the 
river  narrowed  beyond  the  Highlands,  and  Hudson, 
after  sailing  up  as  far  as  the  site  of  Albany,  retraced 
his  way  to  Manhattan,  and  at  once  sailed  for  Europe. 
His  favorable  reports  gave  rise  to  iin  expedition  of  two 
ships  in  1614,  under  Captains  Adrian  Block  and  Hend- 
rick  Christiaanse.  It  was  under  their  auspices  that  the 
first  actual  settlement  was  begun  upon  tlie  site  of  the 
present  New  York,  consisting  in  the  first  year  oi  four 
houses^  and  in  the  next  year  of  a  redoubt  on  the  site  of 
the  Bowling  Green.  To  this  small  village  they  gave 
the  name  of  New  Amsterdam.  The  settlement  was  of 
a  commercial  and  military  character,  having  for  its 
object  the  traffic  in  the  fur  trade. 

At  the  time  Holland  projected  this  scheme  of  com- 
mercial settlement,  she  possessed  20,000  vessels  and 
100,000  mariners.  The  city  of  Amsterdam  was  at  the 
head  of  the  enterprise. 

From  its  earliest  period,  "  Nieuw  Amsterdam"  had  a 
checkered  history.  The  English  turned  towards  it  a 
wistful  eye,  and  took  it  from  the  Dutch  in  1GG4,  who 
succeeded,  however,  in  recovering  it  in  1673.  Not  more 
than  a  year  after,  it  was  ceded  again  to  the  British,  and 
underwent  a  change  of  name,  from  New  Amsterdam 


16  NEW    YORK    AS   IT   WAa. 

to  New  York,  in  honor  of  James,  duke  of  York,  to 
whom  it  Avas  made  over  by  Cliarles  the  Second.  From 
this  period  it  began  to  make  progress,  although  slowly, 
in  buildings,  population,  and  municipal  arrangements. 

The  city,  prior  to  British  rule  (that  is  in  1C56),  was 
laid  out  in  streets,  some  of  them  crooked  enough,  and 
contained  "  one  hundred  and  twenty  houses  with  ex- 
tensive garden  lots,"  and  about  one  thousand  inhab- 
itants. In  1677,  another  estimate  reports  that  it  com- 
prised three  hundred  and  sixty-eight  houses,  while  its 
assessed  property  amounted  to  ninety-five  thousand 
pounds  sterling. 

During  the  military  rule  of  Governor  Colve,  who 
held  the  city  for  one  year  under  the  above-mentioned 
capture,  for  the  States  of  Holland,  every  thing  partook 
of  a  military  character,  and  the  laws  still  in  preserva- 
tion at  Albany  show  the  energy  of  a  rigorous  discipline. 
Then  the  Dutch  mayor,  at  the  head  of  the  city  militia, 
held  his  daily  parades  before  the  City  Hall  (Stadt  Huys), 
then  at  Coenties  Slip ;  and  every  evening  at  sunset,  he 
received  from  the  principal  guard  of  the  fort,  called 
the  Jioofd-wagt^  the  keys  of  the  city,  and  thereupon 
proceeded  with  a  guard  of  six,  to  lock  the  city  gates; 
then  to  place  a  hurger-wagt — a  citizen  guard,  as  night- 
watch,  at  assigned  places.  The  same  mayors  also  went 
the  rounds  at  sunrise  to  open  the  gates,  and  to  restore 
the  keys  to  the  officers  of  the  fort. 

In  1683,  the  first  constitutional  assembly,  consisting 
of  a  council  of  ten,  and  eighteen  representatives,  was 
elected,  to  aid  in  the  administration  of  public  affairs. 
In  this  year  the  ten  original  counties  were  organized. 
In  1685,  on  the  demise  of  Charles  II.,  the  Duke  of 
York  ascended  the  throne,  with  the  title  of  James  II. 
This  bigoted  monarch  signalized  himself  by  forbidding 
the  establishment  of  a  printing-press  in  the  colony. 

Gov.  Dongan  was  far  better  than  his  sovereign,  and 
at  length  was  recalled  in  consequence  of  his  remon- 
strances against  other  arbitrary  measures  lie  was  in- 
structed to  carry  out  with  regard  to  the  confederate 


7  ^ 


iialiMiiiHff.i\kfti  « 


IL,„      I.      I 


^.]l^^i^>'^ 


n\j^,\-^)^    ii/^ 


Broad-way.    lookixo   up   fuom   Kxcuange   Place. 


HISTORICAL  RETROSPEOT.  17 

Indian  tribes  and  the  Jesuits.  Andros  -was  appointed 
to  supersede  him,  but  his  also  was  but  a  short  reign, 
for  the  populace  grew  disaffected,  and  in  a  civil  com- 
motion, one  Jacob  Leisler,  a  Dutch  merchant,  was  pro- 
claimed leader,  and  ultimately  invested  with  the  reins 
of  government. 

He  also  summoned  a  convention  of  deputies,  from 
those  portions  of  the  province  over  which  his  influence 
extended.  This  convention  levied  taxes,  and  adopted 
other  measures,  for  the  temporary  government  of  the 
colony ;  and  thus  for  the  fii'st  time  in  its  existence,  was 
the  colony  of  New  York  under  a  free  government. 
The  strong  prejudices,  however,  which  had  been 
awakened  by  Leisler's  measures,  soon  produced  in  the 
minds  of  his  adversaries  a  rancorous  bitterness,  which 
was,  perhaps,  never  surpassed  in  the  annals  of  any 
political  controversy. 

.  This  condition  of  things  existed  for  nearly  two  years. 
To  the  horrors  of  civil  commotion,  v;-ere  added  the  mis- 
eries of  hostile  invasion  by  the  French  in  Canada. 

The  earhest  dawn  of  intellectual  light — fur  the  diffu- 
sion of  popular  intelligence  had  been  heretofore  wholly 
neglected — was  the  establishment  of  a  free  Grammar 
School  in  1702.  In  1725,  the  first  newspai)er  made  its 
appearance ;  and  four  years  later,  the  city  received  the 
donation  of  a  Public  Library  of  1642  volumes,  from 
England.  In  1732,  a  public  Classical  Academy  was 
founded  by  law;  and  with  the  advance  of  general  in- 
telligence came  a  higher  appreciation  of  popular  rights. 
But  New  York  was  destined  to  be  convulsed  by  a 
series  of  commotions ;  and  among  them  tlie  memorable 
one  known  as  the  Negro  Plot,  Avliich  resulted  in  a  great 
destruction  of  life. 

The  trade  of  New  York  increased.  Her  ships  were 
already  seen  in  many  foreign  ports;  neither  Boston 
nor  Philadelphia  surpassed  her  in  the  extent _  of  her 
commercial  operations.  Provisions,  linseed-oil,  furs, 
lumber,  and  iron,  were  the  principal  exports.  From 
1749  to  1750,  two  hundred  and  eighty-six  vessels  left 
2* 


18  KEW   YORK   AS   IT   WAS. 

New  York,  with  cargoes  principally  of  flour  and  grain, 
In  1755,  nearly  tliirteen  thousand  hogsheads  of  flax 
seed  were  shipped  abroad. 

The  relations  of  the  colonies  with  the  mother  conn- 
try  were  assuming  a  serious  aspect.  In  1765,  a  con 
gress  of  delegates  met  at  New  York,  and  prepared  a 
declaration  of  their  rights  and  grievances.  The  arri- 
val of  the  stamped  paper,  so  notorious  in  the  colonial 
annals  of  America,  towards  the  end  of  this  year, 
marked  the  commencement  of  a  series  of  explosions 
that  were  not  to  terminate  until  the  city  and  colony  of 
New  York,  in  common  with  the  other  colonies,  were 
forever  rent  from  the  dominion  of  Great  Britain.  The 
non-importation  agreements  of  the  merchants  of  New 
York,  and  otlier  places,  in  1768,  were  followed  by 
stringent  measures  on  the  part  of  the  British  govern- 
ment.    War  was  the  result. 

On  the  28th  of  June,  1776,  the  British  army  and 
fleet,  which  had  been  driven  from  the  city  and  liarbor 
of  Boston,  entered  the  southern  bay  of  New  York. 
The  troops  Avere  landed  upon  Stateu  Island.  On  the 
22d  of  August,  the  British  forces  crossed  the  Narrows 
and  encamped  near  Brooklyn,  where  the  American 
army  was  stationed.  The  battle  of  Long  Island  en- 
sued, in  wliich,  owing  to  unfortunate  circumstances, 
the  Americans  were  entirely  defeated.  "Wa,shington, 
with  consummate  skill,  crossed  the  river  the  succeed- 
ing night,  without  observation ;  but  the  previous  dis- 
asters, and  the  subsequent  successful  landing  of  the 
British  troops  at  Kip's  Bay,  rendered  it  impossible  to 
save  the  city. 

For  eight  j'ears  New  York  was  the  head-quarters 
of  the  Britisli  troops,  and  the  prison-house  of  Ameri- 
can captives.  Public  buildings  were  despoiled,  and 
churches  converted  into  hospitals  and  prisons.  A  fire 
in  1776,  sweeping  along  both  sides  of  Broadway,  de- 
stroyed one  eighth  of  the  buildings  of  New  York. 

On  the  25th  of  November,  1783,  the  forces  of  Great 
Britain  evacuated  the  city,  and  Washington  and  the 


HISTUKIOAL  RKTKOSPEOT.  19 

Governor  of  the  State  made  a  public  and  triumphal 
entry. 

This  importaut  national  event,  forming  the  brightest 
day  in  the  American  calendar,  is  annually  celebrated 
■with  appropriate  military  pomp  and  parade. 

In  ten  years  after  the  war  of  independence.  New 
York  had  doubled  its  inhabitants.  Yet  the  city  had 
repeatedly  suffered  from  the  scourge  of  the  yellow 
fever,  from  calamitous  fires,  &c.  Notwithstanding  alL, 
its  commercial  enterprise  has  been  rapidly  and  largely 
increasing,  Avhile  its  shipping  has  gallantly  spread  over 
every  sea,  and  won  the  admiration  of  the  world.  The 
first  establishment  of  regular  lines  of  packets  to  Eu- 
rope originated  with  New  York,  and  it  is  also  claimed 
for  her  the  honor  of  the  first  experiments  in  steam-nav- 
igation. 

Improvements  hitherto  had  been  principally  con- 
nected with  foreign  commerce.  But  an  impulse  was 
now  to  be  given  to  inland  trade  by  the  adoption  of  an 
extensive  system  of  canal-navigation.  Several  smaller 
works  were  cast  into  the  shade  by  the  completion  of 
the  gigantic  Erie  Canal,  in  1825.  The  union  of  the 
Atlantic  with  the  Lakes,  was  announced  by  the  firing 
of  cannon  along  the  whole  lino  of  the  canal  and  of  the 
Hudson,  and  was  celebrated  at  New  York  by  a  mag- 
nificent aquatic  procession,  Avhich,  to  indicate  more 
clearly  the  navigable  communication  that  had  been 
opened,  deposited  in  the  ocean  a  portion  of  the  waters 
of  Lake  Erie. 

Municipal  history  is  a  narrative  of  alternate  suc- 
cesses and  reverses.  For  many  years  nothing  had 
occurred  to  mar  the  prosperity  of  the  city.  Again 
misfortune  came.  In  1832  the  Asiatic  cholera  appear- 
ed, and  4360  fell  victims  to  the  disease.  This  calamity 
had  scarcely  passed,  when  the  great  fire  of  1835  de- 
stroyed, in  one  night,  more  than  600  buildings,  and 
Eroperty  to  the  value  of  over  $20,000,000.  The  city 
ad  not  recovered  from  the  effects  of  this  disaster, 
when  the  commercial  revulsions  of  1830   and  1837 


20  NEW   TOEK   AS   IT   WAS, 

shook  public  and  private  credit,  to  their  centre,  and  in 
volved  many  of  the  most  wealthy  houses  of  New 
York  in  hopeless  bankruptcy. 

The  completion  of  the  Oroton  Aqueduct,  in  1842,  re- 
moved the  inconvenience  of  a  deficiency  of  water,  and 
left  an  imperishable  monument  to  the  glory  of  New 
York. 

A  temporary  check  in  the  progress  of  the  city  was 
sustained  by  the  great  fire  of  1845,  which  destroyed 
property  to  the  extent  of  about  $7,000,000  ;  but  shortly 
afterwards  a  new  and  vigorous  impulse  was  again  given 
to  the  commercial  enterprise  of  the  metropolis,  by  the 
constant  influx  of  gold  from  the  seeming  exhaustless 
resources  of  the  El  Dorado  of  the  Pacific. 


GENERAL  VIEW. 

The  City  of  New  York,  from  its  geographical  posi- 
tion, having  become  tne  great  centre  of  commercial 
enterprise,  is  justly  regarded  as  the  Metropolitan  City 
of  the  New  World.  In  mercantile  importance  it  bears 
the  same  relation  to  the  United  States  that  London  does 
to  Great  Britain.  Its  past  history  is  replete  with  in- 
terest, for  it  has  been  the  theatre  of  some  of  the  most 
important  events  that  pertain  to  our  country's  memo- 
rable career:  and  although  it  possesses  fewer  historic 
shrines  than  are  to  be  found  in  many  cities  of  the  Old 
World,  yet  its  chronicles  still  live  as  treasured  relics  in 
the  hearts  of  its  people,  and  on  the  page  of  its  national 
records.  If  we  take  a  retrospective  glance,  we  shall 
find  that  a  little  more  than  two  centuries  ago,  this 
island  of  Mannahata — its  earliest  recorded  name,  had  its 
birth-day  of  civilization  in  a  few  rude  huts,  and  a  fort 
situated  where  the  Bowling  Green  now  stands ;  and,  in 
this  comparatively  brief  interval  in  the  lifetime  of  a  na- 
tion, it  has  bounded  from  the  infant  Dorp  or  village  into 


QENEEAL   VIEW.  21 

a  noble  city  of  palaces  with  its  half  million  of  inhabit- 
ants.  It  is  now  the  great  workshop  of  the  Western 
world — the  busy  hive  of  industry,  with  its  tens  ot 
thousands  of  artisans,  mechanics,  and  merchants,  send- 
ing out  to  all  sections  of  its  wide-spread  domain,  the 
magic  results  of  machinery  for  all  departments  of  han- 
dicraft, and  argosies  of  maguificent  vessels  for  garner- 
ing in  the  wealth  of  foreign  climes. 

If  we  glance  prospectively,  how  shall  we  venture  to 
limit  its  progressive  march  in  opulence  and  greatness? 
In  less  than  half  a  century  hence,  it  will  doubtless 
double  its  present  numerical  importance.  As  illustra- 
tions of  the  enormous  increase  in  the  value  of  real 
estate,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  a  lot  on  the  northwest 
corner  of  Chambers  street  and  Broadway,  was  i)ur- 
chased  by'a  gentleman  who  died  in  1858,  for  $1000. 
Its  present  value  is  now  estimated  at  no  less  a  sum  thau 
$125,000. 

The  site  on  which  the  new  Eerald  building  now 
stands  was  lately  purchased  by  James  Gordon  Bennett, 
Esq.,  for  four  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars,  in- 
cluding two  hundred  thousand  dollars  paid  to  Bar- 
num  for  an  unexpired  lease  of  thirteen  years,  held 
at  the  time  his  American  Museum  was  burned.  Also 
the  lot  immediately  adjoining  this,  with  a  frontage 
of  less  than  sixty  feet,  on  Broadway,  was  sold  at 
auctio.n  a  short  time  since  for  three  hundred  and  ten 
thousand  dollars ! 

A  little  more  than  two  centuries  since,  the  entire 
site  of  this  noble  city  was  purchased  of  the  Indians  for 
what  was  equivaleiit  to  the  nominal  sum  of  twenty- 
four  dollars.  Now  the  tot.d  .nmonnt  of  its  assessed 
property  tax  is  nearly  eight  hundred  millions.  If  such 
vast  accessions  of  wealth  have  characterized  tlie  history 
of  the  past,  who  shall  compute  the  constantly  augment- 
ing resources  of  its  onward  course?  Half  a  century 
ago,  the  uses  of  the  mighty  agents  of  steam  and  the 
electric  current  were  uniinowu:  now  the  whole  sur- 
face of  our   vast   country  is    threaded  over  with  a 


za  NEW   TOEK  AS  IT   WAS. 

net-work  of  railroads,  and  our  seas,  lakes,  and  rivers 
are  thickly  studded  with  steamers;  stately  vessels, 
freighted  with  the  fruits  of  commerce,  all  tending  to 
this  city  as  the  central  mart  of  trade.  Half  a  century 
ago  it  took  weeks  to  transmit  news  from  New  York  to 
New  Oi'leans— ^now  our  communications  are  conveyed 
over  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  land  almost  with 
the  velocity  of  the  lightning's  flash.  Within  a  like  in- 
terval the  most  rapid  printing-press  was  slowly  worked 
by  hand-power — now  the  winged  messengers  of  intel- 
ligence are  multiplied  with  the  marvellous  rapidity  of 
60,000  copies  an  hour.  While  the  mechanic  arts  have 
thus  revolutionized  the  social  condition  of  the  past,  a 
corresponding  change  has  marked  its  history,  in  the 
establishment  of  numerous  schools  of  learning — dif- 
fusing their  beneficent  influence  on  the  minds  and 
morals  of  the  masses. 

Then,  again,  as  respects  its  costly  stores  and  private 
residences.  New  York  seems  to  vie  with  London  and 
Paris.  All  along  Broadway,  and  its  intersecting  streets, 
the  eye  is  greeted  everywhere  by  long  lines  of  marble 
and  stone  buildings,  many  of  them  of  great  architect- 
ural elegance.  The  several  broad  Avenues  and  Squares, 
in  the  upper  part  of  the  city,  are  studded  with  a  succes- 
sion of  splendid  mansions — in  some  instances  costing 
from  $50,000  to  $200,000  each.  There  are,  it  is  esti- 
mated, some  three  hundred  churches,  many  of  them  of 
costly  and  magnificent  proportions ;  while  its  superb 
hotels — the  boast  of  the  metropolis — are,  in  some  in- 
stances, capable  of  accommodating  about  one  thousand 


How  mighty  and  far-reaching  must  its  influence  be- 
come in  its  future  progress,  it  were  diflicult  to  com])ute: 
since  its  numerical  extent,  numbering  at  present,  if  we 
include  Brooklyn  and  the  adjacent  ])laces  on  the  west, 
over  2,000,000  of  souls,  will  ere  long  place  it,  in  the 
scale  of  cities  of  the  world,  in  the  foremost  rank. 


NEW   YOUK   AS   IT   IS. 


Society  in  New  York  has  many  phases— it  is  cos- 
mopohtan— an  amalgam,  composed  of  all  imaginable 
varieties  and  shades  of  character.  It  is  a  confluence  of 
many  streams,  whose  waters  are  ever  turbid  and  con- 
fused in  their  rushing  to  this  great  vortex.  What  in- 
congruous elements  are  here  commingled,— the  rude 
and  the  refined,  the  sordid  and  the  self-sacrificing,  the 
reli"-ious  and  the  profiine,  the  learned  and  the  illiterate 
the'affluent  and  the  destitute,  the  thinker  and  the  doer, 
the  virtuous  and  the  ignoble,  the  young  and  the  aged- 
nil  nations,  dialects,  and  sympathies— all  habits,  man 
ners,  and  customs  of  the  civilized  globe. 

City  hfe  everywhere  presents  protean  aspects ;  let  us 
lake  a  glance  at  some  of  its  more  striking  features, 
Botwithstanding  the  mixed  multitudes  that  are  inces- 
iantlv  thron-ing  its  various  avenues.  There  are  yet 
certain  localities  that  exhibit  distinct  cliaracterist^cs  : 
life  in  Wall-street  presents  an  epitomized  view  ot  iW 
mercantile  phase.  Here  are  its  banks,  its  money-ex- 
jhangers,  and  their  great  place  of  rendezvous,  the 
Excluange;  beneath  the  dome  of  which  many  mighty 
proiects  have  had  their  birth.  Here  have  been  con- 
cocted vast  schemes  of  commercial  enterprise  and  here, 
too,  have  originated  many  noble  acts  ot  public  bene- 


faction 


Up  Nassau  street,  to  its  junction  with  Chatham 
Btreet,  of  mock-auction  notoriety,  we  catch  a  gjimP^e 
of  another  phase  of  city  life.     To  denizens  of  New 


24  CITY    OF   NEW    YORK. 

York,  society  is  usually  known  under  the  generic  di- 
visions of  Broadway  and  Bowery.  Each  has  its  dis- 
tinct idiosyncracies :  the  former  being  regarded  as 
patrician,  and  the  latter  as  plebeian.  Looking  at  New- 
York  longitudinally,  we  may  say  that  Canal  street,  at 
present,  marks  the  boundary  of  the  great  workshop. 
In  the  precincts  of  Union  Square  and  Madison  Square, 
and  especially  the  Fifth  Avenue,  we  find  the  monu- 
ments of  the  wealth,  taste,  and  splendor  of  its  citizens. 

The  southern  part  of  the  city — its  original  site — ex- 
hibits all  kinds  of  irregularity — the  streets  are  narrow, 
sinuous  and  uneven  in  their  surface ;  but  the  northern 
or  upper  portion  is  laid  out  in  right  angles.  There  are 
some  twelve  line  avenues,  at  parallel  distances  apart  of 
about  800  feet.  There  are  about  .300  miles  of  paved 
streets  in  the  Metropolis,  extending  to  Ninety-sixth 
street;  exclusive  of  projected  streets  not  yet  paved, 
over  100  streets  more.  The  city  has  been  laid  out  and 
surveyed  to  the  extent  of  12  miles  from  the  Battery. 
The  portion  occupied  exceeds  in  circumference  more 
than  that  extent. 

Perliaps  the  densest  part  of  tlie  Metropolis, — its 
very  heart,  from  wlience  issues  tlie  vitalizing  tide  of 
its  commerce, — is  tlie  junction  of  Broadway  and  Fulton 
street,  and  its  vicinity.  The  collision  of  interests 
which  all  the  stir  and  traffic  of  these  crowded  scenes 
involve,  brings  human  nature  into  strong  relief,  and 
intensifies  the  lights  and  sliades  of  character. 

It  is  in  these  dusty  avenues  to  wealth — these  vesti- 
bules where  fraud  contends  with  honor  for  an  entrance 
into  the  temple,  that  we  read  the  heart  of  maa  better 
than  in  books. 

Tlie  great  characteristic  of  New  York  is  din  and  ex- 
citement,— every  thing  is  done  in  a  hurry — all  is  intense 
anxiety.  It  is  especially  noticeable  in  the  leading 
thoroughfare  of  Broadway ;  where  the  noise  and  con- 
fusion caused  by  the  incessant  passing  and  repassing  of 
some  18,000  vehicles  a  day,  render  it  a  Babel  scene  oi 
confusion. 


r  ,:^^'  "^*"^ 


A  bird's  eye  view.  25 

New  York  has  been  ever  and  justly  renowned  for  its 
catholic  and  liberal  public  benefactions  and  charities. 
Among  her  many  glories,  this  is  most  conspicuous. 
New  York  may  be  called  the  asylum  for  the  oppressed 
and  distressed  of  all  nations.  Abounding  in  beneficent 
institutions  suited  to  the  relief  of  the  various  "  ills  that 
flesh  is  heir  to,"  and  enriched  with  the  most  liberal  en- 
dowments for  classical  and  popular  instruction,  she 
bears  the  palm  in  all  that  pertains  to  the  moral,  intel- 
lectual, and  physical  advancement  of  society.  It  is 
true  we  are  a  mercantile  and  money-making  people, 
but  the  empire  city  is  an  illustration  of  some  of  it3 
noblest  uses. 

By  way  of  introduction  to  the  city  in  detail,  we  rec- 
ommend the  visitor  first  to  get  a  bird's-eye  view  of 
it  from  the  steeple  of  Trinity  church.  A  view  from 
this  elevation,  over  320  feet  in  height,  affords  a  good 
idea  of  the  general  extent  and  topography  of  the  city. 
The  tower  is  accessible  to  the  public  at  any  time  of  the 
day,  excepting  the  hours  devoted  to  divine  service, 
morning  and  afternoon.  To  facilitate  the  ascent  of  the 
church  tower  there  are  landing-places ;  at  the  first  of 
these  you  have  a  fine  view  of  the  interior  of  this 
Cathedral-like  edifice.  At  the  next  resting-place  is  the 
belfry,  with  its  solemn  chimes :  here  too  is  a  balcony 
allowing  us  a  first  view  of  the  city.  Still  higher  up 
we  gain  a  magnificent  panoramic  view  of  all  we  have 
left  below  us, — which  amply  repays  our  toilsoitie  tour 
of  many  steps.  •  The  variegated  scene  stretches  out  in 
every  direction,  with  new  beauties, — nortli  and  soutli 
lies  Broadway  with  its  teeming  multitudes  and  its 
numberless  vehicles  ;  west  and  east  are  crowded 
streets  of  house-tops  terminating  only  with  the  waters 
of  the  inclosing  rivers.  Looking  eastward,  we  see 
Wall  street  immediately  below  us,  with  the  Treasury 
Building  on  the  left,  and  a  little  further  on  the  right 
the  Custom-house,  the  Wall-street  ferry,  and  the  Easi 
River  which  separates  New  York  from  Brooklyn 
with  the  New  York  bay  stretching  to  the  southeast 


ZO  CITY    OF   NEW   YORK. 

Sandy  Hook,  the  Highlands  of  Neversink,  and  the 
coast  of  Staten  Island.  To  the  northeast,  the  eastern 
district  of  Brooklyn,  formerly  known  as  Williamsburg, 
the  Navy  Yard,  &c.,  and  still  further  to  the  north,  tlie 
rocky  channel  called  Hurl-gate, — so  perilous  to  our 
Dutch  forefatliers ;  near  by  Randall  and  Blackwell's 
Islands,  with  their  City  Asylums.  Transferring  our 
gaze  to  I^roadway,  we  notice  the  National  Bank  of 
the  Republic,  and  on  the  next  street  the  National  Met- 
ropolitan Bank.  Passing  several  fine  marble  buildinga, 
we  notice  the  Herald  Office,  corner  of  Ann-street,  on 
the  east  side  of  Broadway,  and  opposite  to  it  St.  Paul's 
Church,  then  the  Astor  House,  the  Park,  and  the  City 
Hall ;  tlie  brown-stone  building  on  the  east  side  being 
that  of  the  Times  Office.  Beyond  the  City  Hall  in- 
closure  is  Stewart's  marble  palace,  then  the  City  Hos- 
pital, surrounded  with  trees,  and  opposite  it.  Judge 
Whiting's  fine  marble  building ;  further  north  are 
numerous  elegant  stores,  including  Brooks'  brown- 
stone  structure.  Lord  &  Taylor's  marble  edifice,  St. 
Nicholas  Hotel,  the  Metropolitan,  and  still  further  on 
in  the  distance,  Grace  Church,  with  its  beautiful  white 
spire,  Union  Park,  &c. 

Turning  to  the  oppos/te  point  of  view,  the  Hudson 
river,  with  Jersey  City,  and  Hoboken,  with  its  beauti- 
ful walks,  its  distant  hills  and  vrjleys  ;  on  this  side  of 
the  river,  the  steamers,  ships,  and  docks.  This  superb 
river  has  been  often  compared  with  the  Rhine  for  its 
picturesque  beauty,  we  can  here  get  but  a  faint  idea  of 
it,  for  its  bold  scenery  is  seen  only  after  journeying 
some  40  miles  to  the  north,  we  catch  merely  a  glimpse 
of  the  Palisades,  beginning  atWeehawken  and  extend- 
ing about  20  miles.  Veering  to  the  south,  we  see  the 
fortified  islets  of  the  lower  bay,  with  Staten  Island, 
Richmond,  &c.,  with  their  numerous  picturesque  cot- 
tages, villas,  and  castellated  mansions,  and  to  the  south- 
west, the  Raritau  bay,  the  Passaio  river,  leading  tc 
Newark  in  the  distance,  &c. 


PARKS   AND   PUPHfl   8QUABK3.  27 


PAEKS  A^^D  PUBLIC  SQUAEES. 

BATTERY. 

Commencing  our  descriptions  of  the  notahilia  of 
New- York  with  its  pleasure-grounds  and  parks,  we 
ought  tirst  to  mention  the  Battery^  situated  at  the 
soutliernmost  terminus  of  the  metropolis.  These 
grounds  cover  an  area  of  about  twelve  acres,  of  the 
crescent  form,  having  a  profusion  of  stately  trees, 
which  afford  a  delightful  place  of  retreat  in  the  sum- 
mer-time, for  pleasure-seekers,  who  prefer  to  inhale 
the  fresh  sea-breeze  under  their  shade  to  the  crowded 
throngs  of  fashion  in  the  city.  The  walks  stretching 
along  the  margin  of  these  grounds  were  formerly  much 
frequented,  but  of  late  years,  in  consequence  of  the 
rapid  growth  of  the  city,  all  private  residences  having 
been  transferred  to  the  upper  or  northern  part  of  the 
city,  are  consequently  now  not  so  much  an  object  of 
attraction.  Connected  with  the  Battery  is  Castle 
Garden.  Originally  a  fortification,  it  was  subsequently 
let  on  lease  as  a  place  of  public  amusement.  It  was  prob- 
ably the  largest  audience-room  in  the  world.  It  Avas 
the  scene  of  Jenny  Lind's  first  appearance  in  America. 
This  buildiug  has  now  little  architectural  beauty  to 
boast;  having  been  for  some  time  used  as  a  depot  for 
emigrants.  The  grounds  of  the  Battery  have  been  need- 
lessly extended  within  the  last  few  years  at  an  enormous 
expense  to  the  city. 

BOWLING  GREEN. 

Close  to  the  Battery,  at  the  entrance  to  Broadway, 
is  the  small  inelosure  so  called,  from  having  been 
used  as  sucli  prior  to  the  devolution.  At  that  time 
it  contained  a  leaden  equestrian  statue  of  George  III., 
which  the  populace  in  their  patriotic  zeal  demolished, 


as  CITY  OF  NEW  YORX 

and  converted  into  musket-balls.  On  this  site  there  is 
now  a  fountain,  which  is  during  sum.mer  to  be  seeu 
bubbling  up  with  the  clear  waters  of  the  Croton. 

CITY    HALL    PAEK. 

An  enclosure  of  about  eight  acres,  contains  the  City 
Hall,  New  Court  House,  and  other  public  buildings. 
This  Park  formerly  extended  on  the  south  to  the  junc- 
tion of  Broadway  and  Park  Row,  but  the  southern 
portion  has  been  ceded  to  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment as  a  site  for  the  New  Post-OfHce,  now  in  course 
of  erection.  When  completed,  this  building,  in  point 
of  massiveness  and  architectural  beauty,  will  be  unsur- 
passed by  any  public  edifice  in  this  country. 

WASHINGTON  SQUAEE. 

Another  great  and  most  effective  ornament  to  the  city 
was  formed  by  laying  out  the  ground  formerly  occupied 
as  a  Potter's  Field.  The  bones  were  collected  in  a  vast 
trench,  one  on  each  side  of  the  Square,  which  were  in- 
closed with  fences,  and  planted  with  trees.  For  many 
years  this  was  used  for  burial  purposes,  and  it  is  com- 
puted that  over  a  hundred  thousand  bodies  have  been 
buried  where  now  assemble  for  pleasure  multitudes  of 
living  beings.  The  Square  is  surrounded  with  splendid 
private  houses,  and  on  one  side  is  the  University  build- 
ing and  a  splendid  church.  One-third  of  the  ground 
comprismg  the  Square  was  purchased  for  $80,000,  mak- 
ing a  gross  value  of  $240,000,  devoted  to  the  improve- 
ment of  this  quarter  of  the  city.  The  Square  contains 
a  little  over  nine  acres,  and  is  ornamented  with  a 
fountain.  i 

UNION  PAEK  j 

Is  m  Union  Square,  at  the  upper  or  northern  end 
of  Broadway  —  extending  from  14th  to  17th  sti'eets. 
This  pleasure-ground  is  inclosed  by  a  handsome  u"on 
railing,  and   contains  a  variety  of  fine  ti-ees,  gravel- 


PARKS  AND  PUBLIC   SQUARES.  29 

•walks,  and  also  a  fountain.  At  the  southeast  corner  is  the 
bronze  equestrian  statue  of  Washington,  and  at  the  south- 
west is  Brown's  bronze  statue  of  Lincoln,  lately  erected 
by  the  Union  League  Club.  On  the  west  side  is  the 
Spingler  House,  and  just  above,  on  the  site  of  Dr.  Chee- 
ver's  church,  is  Tiffany's  magnificent  iron  building.  On 
the  north  side  are  the  Everett  House,  Clarendon,  and 
Westmoreland  Hotels. 


GBAMSBCT  FABK, 

Situated  a  little  to  the  northeast  of  the  above,  is  a 
select  and  beautiful  inclosure  on  a  smaller  scale.  This 
park  is  private  property,  having  been  ceded  to  the 
owners  of  the  surrounding  lots  by  S.  B.  Ruggles,  Esq. 
It  forms  the  area  between  20th  and  21st  streets,  and 
the  3d  and  4th  Avenues. 

STUYVESANT  PARK 

Extends  from  15th  to  17th  streets,  and  is  divided  by 
the  intersecting  passage  of  the  Second  Avenue.  The 
Rev.  Dr.  Tyng's  Church  is  upon  the  west  side  of  this 
park.  Tlie  ground  was  presented  by  the  late  P.  G. 
Stuyvesant,  Esq.,  to  the  corporation  of  the  church. 

TOIIPKINS  SQUABE 

Is  one  of  the  largest  parks  of  the  city.  It  occupies  the 
area  formed  by  Avenues  A  and  B,  and  7th  and  10th 
streets. 

MADISON  SQUARE, 
Comprising  10  acres,  is  at  the  junction  of  Broadway 
and  Fifth  Avenue.     On  the  west  side  stands  the  monu- 
ment of  General  Worth.     The  houses  surrounding  thia 
park  include  some  of  the  most  elegant  of  the  city. 


30  CITY   OF   NEW   TORK. 


CENTRAL  PARK. 

This  great  pleasure-ground  of  the  city  may  be  reached 
by  most  of  the  city  railroads,  and  as  each  entrance  has 
its  own  peculiar  attractions,  strangers  will  naturally 
take  the  cars  that  are  most  convenient  for  them.  At 
the  gates  on  59th  Street,  at  6th,  7th,  and  8th  Avenues, 
and  at  72d  Street,  on  the  5th  Avenue,  carriages  are 
generally  standing  for  hire  :  not  being  under  the  control 
of  the  Park  Commissioners,  they  are  not  responsible 
for  their  regulation  and  management. 

If  you  close  with  the  offer  of  one  of  the  owners  of 
these  carriages  to  "  take  you  all  around  the  Park,"  you 
must  not  conclude  that  you  have  seen  the  attractions. 
Should  the  driver  take  you  over  all  the  drives,  you  have 
not  seen  the  full  attractions  of  the  Park ;  they  can  be 
seen  only  by  taking  the  foot-paths,  and  the  visitor  should, 
if  possible,  take  more  than  one  day  for  it.  The  extent 
of  the  walks  and  the  number  of  things  to  be  seen  are 
sufficient  to  afford  a  new  and  interesting  walk  through 
the  Park  each  day  for  a  fortnight. 

TTie  Time  to  go  to  the  ParTc 

depends  upon  the  season  of  the  year  and  upon  the  ob- 
jects and  tastes  of  the  visitor. 

The  gates  are  open  at  the  following  hours :  during  the 
months  of  December,  January,  and  February,  from  7 
A.  M.  to  8  p.  M. ;  during  March,  April,  May,  June,  Octo- 
ber, and  November,  from  6  a.  m.  to  9  p.  m.  ;  during  July, 
August,  and  September,  from  5  a.  m,  to  11  p.  m. 

Those  who  go  to  see  the  foliage  and  the  flowers,  or 
on  a  botanical  expedition,  will  be  best  satisfied  from  the 
1st  of  April  to  the  middle  of  November,  at  any  time  in 
the  day.  In  the  hottest  days  ot  the  months  of  July, 
August,  and  September,  until  the  trees  are  more  fully 
grown,  the  visitor  will  perhaps  prefer  to  be  at  the  Park 


CENTRAL   PARK.  31 

before  10  a,  m.,  or  after  3  p.  m.,  but  at  any  hour  agree- 
able seats  and  shade  may  be  found.  Those  who  desire 
to  see  tlie  equipages,  fine  turn-outs,  and  the  gayeties  of 
the  city  will  go  to  the  Park  from  April  to  November, 
from  3  p.  M.  to  V  p.  m.  In  the  Avarm  months  the  fasliion 
is  at  the  Park  from  5  to  7.30  p.  m.  In  the  season,  Juno 
to  October,  the  well-selected  and  thoroughly  accom- 
plished band  of  the  Park  plays  at  the  music  pavilion 
on  the  mall,  on  Saturday  afternoons,  free  to  all.  The 
pieces  performed  include  popular  national  airs,  and  the 
best  new  music  that  appears  in  Europe  or  America. 
Every  pains  is  taken  to  maintain  a  high  standard  of 
these  musical  entertainments. 

In  the  skating  season,  December  to  !March,  the  great- 
est numbers  are  at  the  Park  after  3  p.  m.,  but  many 
persons  are  on  the  ice  in  the  morning  and  through  tlio 
day.  "When  the  ice  is  in  good  condition  a  ball  is  hoisted 
on  the  arsenal  building,  and  generally  the  city  cars  in- 
dicate by  small  flags  when  the  skating  is  good. 

The  Park  is  a  parallelogram,  boimded  on  the  South 
by  59th  Street,  on  the  North  by  110th  Street,  on  the 
East  by  the  oth  Avenue,  and  the  West  by  the  8th  Av- 
enue, containing,  including  the  reservoirs,  848  acres. 
It  is  about  2Va  miles  long,  and  half  a  mile  in  width  ;  it  is 
intersected  by  four  transverse  roads,  which  are  laid 
at  a  lower  level  to  accommodate  the  business  trafHc  of 
the  city  ;  without  interfering  with  the  pleasure  travel. 
The  Park  was  originally  a  bare,  unwholesome  suburb 
of  the  city,  acres  of  it  were  naked  of  soil,  and  stagnant, 
marshy  spots  gathered  the  filth  of  bone-boiling  estab- 
lishments and  pig-styes.  The  change  to  its  present 
beauty  has  been  accomplished  in  an  almost  inconceiva- 
ble short  period  of  time.  Work  was  commenced  on  the 
place  in  1858,  and  in  one  year  thereafter  a  part  was 
thrown  open  to  public  use,  to  which  other  completed 
portions  have  since  been  added,  from  time  to  time,  as 
completed. 

The  Central  Park  is  larger  than  any  park  on  this  con- 


32  OITT   OF  NEW   TOKK. 

tinent,  larger  than  any  of  the  London  parks,  and 
with  three  exceptions  larger  than  any  city  park  in  the 
world.  Th^se  exceptions  are  the  Bois  de  Boulogne  at 
Paris,  the  Prater  at  Vienna,  and  the  Phenijc  Park  at 
Dublin. 

There  are  in  it  about  9  miles  of  carriage  drive,  4  of 
bridle  road,  and  about  25  miles  of  walk.  Intersections 
of  lines  of  travel  are  made  by  archways,  to  avoid  dan- 
ger. Every  effort  has  been  made  to  preserve  the  natu- 
ral features  of  the  Park. 

More  than  260,000  trees  and  shrubs  of  all  kinds  have 
already  been  planted,  and  the  work  is  still  going  on. 
The  grounds  are  laid  out  on  a  plan :  the  system  of  walks 
will  conduct  the  visitor  from  one  end  of  the  Park  to  the 
other,  and  bring  him  in  view  of  most  of  the  objects  de- 
sirable to  be  seen. 

It  possesses  already  the  several  essentials  of  a  pic- 
turesque park — pond,  stream,  hill,  rock,  plain,  and 
slope.  The  ridge  which  rises  near  the  Battery,  and 
forms  the  back-bone  of  the  Island  of  Manhattan,  trav- 
erses the  Park  from  end  to  end ;  forming,  in  its  course, 
at  least  two  admirabl-e  points  of  view,  from  which  deli- 
cious views  of  the  adjacent  scenery  may  be  obtained. 
Through  the  valleys  beneath  course  little  brooks, 
which,  with  the  help  of  thorough  drainage,  have  been 
swelled  into  considerable  streams,  while  a  swamp  has 
been  converted  by  skilful  engineering  into  a  lake  of  one 
hundred  acres,  serving  as  one  of  the  receiving  reser- 
voirs of  the  city.  There  are  hills,  too,  with  rough, 
rocky  sides,  which  will  pass,  with  a  little  trimming,  for 
mountain  scenery ;  and  there  are  passes,  which,  with 
appropriate  foliage,  may  almost  figure  as  Alpine  valleys. 
From  botanical  surveys  already  made,  it  appears  that 
the  ground  is  adapted  to  the  cultivation  of  an  unusual 
variety  of  plants  and  flowers.  In  fact,  so  many  and  so  , 
various  are  the  charms  of  this  beautiful  resort  that,  al- 
though it  is  visited  annually  by  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  persons,  it  may  still  be  said  that  it  is  not  yet  fully 


CENTRAL   PARK,  33A 

and  justly  appreciated  by  those  who  live  within  reach 
of  its  enjoyments ;  and  one  object  which  we  have  in 
view  in  giving  a  fuller  synopsis  of  its  attractions,  is  to 
induce  the  tired  resident  of  the  city  to  avail  himseir 
more  frequently  of  this  retreat.  As  a  place  of  educa- 
tion, a  pleasant  school  for  the  instruction  of  the  taste, 
the  value  of  the  Park  can  scarcely  be  exaggerated. 

The  Terrace  is  the  principal  architectural  structure. 
This  terminates  the  Mall  on  the  north ;  below  it  is  the 
explanade  surrounding  the  main  fountain.  The  visitor 
will  be  well  repaid  by  the  examination  of  the  design 
and  execution  of  the  detail  of  the  stoue  work  of  the 
te.rrace :  to  the  Mall  all  of  the  walks  of  the  lower  park 
lead  ;  the  walks  at  all  the  entrance  gates  on  59th  street 
will  lead  to  it  under  the  marble  arch.  But  we  must  an- 
swer the  question : 

Eow  are  we  to  get  there  ? 

The  cars  of  the  Second,  Third,  Sixth,  and  Eighth 
Avenue  railroads,  stopping  either  at  6oth  street,  which 
leads  to  tliat  portion  of  the  Park  known  as  the  "  Green," 
or  at  70th  street,  leading  to  the  "  Eamble,"  afford  con- 
venient access ;  to  which  means  of  conveyance  may  bo 
added  the  various  stage  lines  which  carry  passengers  to 
within  a  few  blocks  of  the  Park.  The  cars  should  al- 
ways be  avoided  by  those  who  are  unwilling  to  pay  for 
the  privilege  of  standing  up. 

Whither  to  go  after  reaching  the  Parh. 

The  principal  walks  of  the  lower  park  lead  more  or 
less  directly  to  the  Mall  Terrace,  and  through  this  to 
the  Terrace,  which  is  the  central  architectural  feature  of 
the  plan.  The  attractions  of  this  spot  are  perhaps  as 
great  as  any  within  the  limits  of  the  Park,  and  from  it 
we  may  take  a  view  of  the  scene  before  us,  and  may 
note  especially 


82B  CITY   OF  NEW   TOEK. 

The  Archways  and  Bridges^ 

which  are  objects  of  admiration  to  the  visitor,  and  are 
about  thirty  in  number,  of  great  beauty  and  variety 
of  form  and  material,  no  two  of  the  entire  number 
being  alike.  Passing  from  the  Terrace  to  the  Fountain 
and  Bow  Bridge,  we  find  ourselves  among  the  attrac- 
tions of  the 

Eamble, 

of  which  a  good  view  can  be  had  from  the  hill  which 
rises  about  forty  yards  distant  from  the  Bow  Bridge, 
and  commands  a  fair  prospect  of  the  lower  park.  But 
the  beauties  of  this  place  must  be  explored  by  the 
tasteful  visitor,  who  will  admire,  in  turn,  the  paths 
leading  along  the  shore,  the  bold  projections  of  rock, 
the  well-ai-ranged  contrivances  for  rural  effect,  and, 
above  all,  the  intermingled  beauties  of  wood  and  water, 
verdure  and  rock.  A  charming  view  of  the  entire  area 
of  the  Park  may  be  had  from  the 

Hill 

that  rises  on  the  south  side  of  the  old  reservoir,  and 
attains  an  eminence  surpassing  that  of  any  other  point. 
From  this  we  have  the  whole  lower  park  lying  in  full 
view  for  a  mile  below  us:  the  Lake  and  the  Ramble 
are  almost  at  our  feet ;  the  Croton  Reservoirs  are  close 
to  us  on  the  north ;  and  a  mile  and  a  quarter  away  is 
seen  a  pile  of  brick  and  painted  wood,  now  used  as 
a  hospital  for  U.  S.  soldiers — being  more  than  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  this  side  of  its  northern  boundary.  Still 
further  beyond,  we  see  the  High  Bridge — Westchester 
County — and  the  East  River. 

Under  the  rock  on  which  we  are  standing  passes  one 
of  the 

Sub -way 8^ 

or  transverse-roads,  as  they  are  less  descriptively  called 
in  the  nomenclature  of  the  Park,     These  are  of  infinite 


CENTRAL    PARK.  33 

importance  to  the  beauty  and  convenience  of  the 
arrangements,  as  they  allow  the  travel  incident  to 
business  to  pass  unhindered  on  its  way,  crossing  the 
park  at  four  places,  viz.,  at  65th,  79th,  85th,  97th 
streets ;  while  no  impediment  is  sufi'ered  by  the  plea- 
sure-seekers, who  are  left  in  the  uninterrupted  enjoy- 
ment of  their  rides,  drives,  or  walks.  Much  credit  has 
been  given,  both  in  this  country  and  in  Europe,  to  the 
architects  of  the  Park  for  the  clever  suggestion  of  these 
useful  roads. 

The  Upper  Parh 

is  the  most  bold  and  romantic,  and  at  the  same  time 
the  richest  in  its  historical  associations.  It  is  said  that 
"  the  deep  valley  called  McGovvan's  Pass,  dividing  this 
northern  portion,  is  the  valley  which  by  means  of  its 
darkly  wooded  hillsides  sheltered  the  secret  messengers 
passing  between  the  scattered  parties  of  the  American 
troops  who,  during  the  few  days  intervening  between 
their  disheartening  rout  on  Long  Island  and  the  battle  of 
Harlem  Plains,  rallied  about  the  range  of  hills  extending 
from  Fort  Washington  to  Bloomingdale."  A  portion  of 
the  "  Old  Boston  Road,"  venerable  as  being  the  oldest 
road  out  of  New  York,  on  the  east  side  of  the  island,  is 
still  visible  in  the  northeastern  section  of  the  Park.  It 
should,  if  possible,  be  sutfered  to  remain  as  an  interest- 
ing and  precious  relic  of  the  past.  It  was  by  this  road 
that  the  Huguenot  refugees,  living  in  New  Rochelle, 
came  into  the  city  to  attend  the  services  at  the  French 
Church  on  Sunday. 

Miscellaneous  Items. — The  soil  is  composed  for  the 
most  part  of  diluvial  deposits,  in  which  are  many 
boulders  (mainly  trap  rock),  and  the  debris  of  the 
gneiss  rock. 

The  lowest  point,  about  109th  street  and  Fifth 
Avenue,  is  less  than  2  feet  above  the  tide ;  the  highest, 
at  83d  street,  near  Eighth  Avenue,  is  138  :^eet  above  the 
tide. 


34 


CITY    OF   NEW    TOEK. 


Urinais  are  located  at  couvenient  no.nts  about  the 
grounds. 

Cottages  for  ladies  are  also  located  about  the 
grounds,  each  m  charge  of  a  female  attendant,  whose  duty 
It  is  to  wait  upon  visitors,  to  aid  them  in  case  of  illness 
and  to  keep  every  thing  in  order  in  the  place  of  which 
she  has  charge. 

To  avoid  accidents,  persons  on  foot  should  keep  on 
the  walks,  and  not  walk  in  the  ride  or  drive. 

Visitors  are  requested 
Not  to  walk  on  the  grass,  except  in  those  places  where 

the  word  common  is  posted, 
Not  to  pick  any  Flower,  Leaf,  Twig,  or  Fruit, 
Not  to  deface  or  mark  the  seats  or  other  structures 
Not  to  throw  stones  or  other  missiles,  ' 

Not  to  annoy  the  Birds, 
Not  to  offer  any  thing  for  sale. 

At  each  gate  stands  a  gate-keeper,  and  on  the  grounds 
wdl  be  found  Park  Keepers,  in  uniform,  who  are  re- 
quired to  give  information  about  the  Park  to  visitors, 
and  to  deport  themselves  with  politeness  to  all. 

No  person  employed  at  the  Park  is  allowed  to  receive 
any  pay  or  reward  for  his  services.  They  are  amply 
paid  for  the  performance  of  their  duties.  For  lost  arti- 
cles apply  to  the  Property  Clerk,  in  the  old  arsenal 
building. 

The  Park  is  under  the  management  of  a  Board  of 
Commissioners,  appointed  by  the  Mayor, 

The  chief  executive  officer  is  Peter  B.  Sweeny,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Board.  ^ 
The  office  of  the  Board  is  at  No.  31  Nassau  Street. 


PARKS   AND   PUBLIC   SQUARED  34  A 


RESERVOIR  PARX. 

Eeservoir  Square  is  located  between  the  Fifth  and 
Sixth  avennes,  and  40th  and  42d  streets,  and  has  an 
extent  of  between  nine  and  ten  acres,  upon  one-half  of 
which  is  the  "Distributing  Eeservoir."  The  other,  or 
western  lialf,  once  had  upon  it  the  "New  York  Crystal 
Palace,"  but  since  the  destruction  of  that  building  by 
the  lire  of  1858,  the  grounds  have  been  kept  open  as  a 
park.  This  square  has  been  selected  as  the  site  of  the 
College  of  the  City  of  New  York. 


MT.  MORRIS  SQUARE. 

Mt.  Morris  Square  presents  the  anomalous  appearance 
of  an  abrupt  lull,  with  thickly  wooded  side?,  rising  from 
the  midst  of  a  plain  that  has  no  other  liills  upon  it.  It 
"head's  off"  the  Fifth  Avenue  at  120th  street,  and  ex- 
tends as  far  north  as  124th  street,  and  its  area  is  nearly 
twenty  acres.  It  is  the  breathing  spot  of  the  pretty 
village  of  Haidem,  and  the  favorite  resort  of  the  citizens. 


OTHER  SQUARES. 

The  other  squares,  such  as  Hamilton,  Manhattan, 
Bloomingdale,  etc.,  contain  from  fifteen  to  twenty-two 
acres  each,  but  are  not  at  present  prepared  for  park 
purpoees,  being  in  an  unimproved  condition. 


84  B  OITT  OF  NEW   YOEK. 

PUBLIC  BUILDINGS. 

THE  NEW  COURT  HOUSE. 


Tliis  immense  building,  now  m  process  of  construc- 
tion, is  situated  in  tlie  rear  of  the  City  Hall,  on  Cham- 
bers-street, and  will  be,  when  completed,  one  of  the 
most  substantial  edifices  in  the  United  States.  Its 
equal  is  certainly  not  to  be  found  in  the  city,  and  the 
immensity  of  the  structure  can  only  be  seen  and  felt  by 
a  compai'ison  with  buildings  of  great  capacity,  towering 
as  it  does  above  the  five-story  buildings  in  the  vicinity, 
completely  overlooking  the  present  City  Hall,  and  com- 
manding as  fine  a  view  of  the  surroundings  of  New 
York  as  can  possibly  be  bad.  It  was  commenced  in 
September,  1861,  under  the  direction  and  superinten- 
dence of  Mr.  Curamings  H.  Tucker,  who  was  appointed 
by  the  Board  of  Supervisors  for  this  purpose.  The 
architect  is  Mr.  John  Kellum,  the  same  who  also  has 
charge  of  A.  T.  Stewart's  immense  building,  corner  of 
Fifth  Avenue  and  Thirty-fourth  street,  and  who  also 
built  the  Stock  Exchange,  and  several  other  large  build- 
ings in  this  city.  The  entire  length  of  the  building  is 
250  feet,  and  the  breadth  150;  rectangular  in  form,  and 
three  stories  in  height  above  ground.  The  plans  and 
designs  called  for  materials  (particularly  with  reference 
to  iron  and  marble)  of  great  magnitude,  and  the  expense 
attendant  upon  their  selection,  preparation,  and  adapta- 
tion, together  with  all  the  embellishments,  is  necessa- 
rily very  heavy.  The  original  cost  was  estimated  at 
about  $800,000,  but  the  increased  expense  of  material 
and  labor  since  tliat  time  will  bring  the  entire  expenses 
over  $7,500,000,  when  completed,  at  the  lowat  estimate. 
The  cost  of  the  City  Hall,  which  was  nine  years  in  build- 


PUBLIC  BUILDrNGS.  34  0 

ing,  was  about  $700,000,  The  height  of  the  new  Court 
House,  from  the  base  course  to  top  of  pediment,  is  97  feet. 
The  dome  will  be  128  feet  high  above  tlie  pediment, 
making  a  total  height  of  the  building,  from  the  base 
course  to  the  top  of  dome,  225  feet.  From  the  side- 
walk to  the  pediment  tlie  building  is  82  feet  high,  and 
from  sidewalk  to  top  of  the  dome  210  feet. 

The  new  Court  House  is  an  entirely  fire-proof  build- 
ing— the  ceilings  from  base  to  attic  all  being  formed  of 
brick  arches.  And  when  we  consider  that  in  this  will 
be  deposited  all  the  records,  wills,  leases,  and  docu- 
ments of  the  offices  of  the  Eegister,  County  Clerk,  and 
Surrogate,  the  citizens  of  New  York,  who  are  all  more 
or  less  interested  in  the  preservation  of  these,  will  feel 
a  security  as  to  their  property  and  interests  not  hitherto 
felt. 

It  affords  accommodations  for  County  Clerk,  Eegis- 
ter, Surrogate,  Sheriff,  and  Tax  Departments,  and  Tax 
Offices— departments  in  which  it  is  of  the  utmost  im- 
portance that  business  should  be  transacted  daily  aud 
with  dispatch. 

The  Court-rooms  are  large,  airy,  unobstructed  by 
columns,  made  with  reference  to  the  principles  of 
acoustics,  and  finished  in  an  agreeable  and  pleasing 
manner,  so  that  they  form  an  attractive  feature  to  the 
spectator,  and  all  to  whom  may  be  intrusted  the  admin- 
istration of  justice  ;  differing  in  this  respect  from  most 
of  the  large  rooms  in  the  Capitol  at  Washington,  the 
City  Hall,  and  other  public  buildings,  in  which,  as  a 
general  thing,  the  shadows  and  sombre  hues  are  so 
strong  as  to  intercept  that  light  and  heat  so  necessary 
to  lend  a  cheerful  aspect  to  any  auditory. 


SEVENTH  EEGIMENT  ARMORY. 


This  large  iron  edifice  is  located  almost  directly  op- 
posite the  Cooper  Union,  on  the  Third  avenue,  and  oo- 


84  D 


CITY  OF   NEW  YOEK. 


cupies  the  entire  block  between  Sixth  and  Seventlj 
streets.  It  is  constructed  entirely  of  iron,  is  200  feet 
long  by  100  wide,  and  cost  over  $250,000.  The  first 
floor  IS  used  as  a  market,  and  known  as  "Tompkins 
Market."  The  second  floor  is  divided  into  company 
armories  and  meeting-rooms,  which  are  fitted  up  aud 
furnished  at  the  expense  of  the  several  companies  of  the 
regiment.  The  entire  expense  on  the  interior  of  the 
building  nearly  or  quite  equals  the  original  cost  of  the 
structure.  The  third  floor  is  used  for  a  drill-room  by 
the  whole  regiment.  The  basement,  or  floor  beneath 
the  market,  has  been  prepared  for  target  practice  and 
squad-drUls. 

By  resolution  of  Common  Council,  approved  April  6 
1855,  the  use  of  the  armory  was  given  the  Seventh 
Kegiment,  New  York  National  Guard,  during  the 
pleasure  of  the  Common  Council,  but  was  not  built,  and 
used  by  the  regiment,  till  the  year  1859. 

EIGHTH  EEGIMENT  ARMOKT, 

Comprises  the  upper  part  of  Centre  Market,  situated  at 
the  corner  of  Grand  and  Centre  streets. 

TWENTY-SECOND  REGIMENT  ARMORY, 

located  in  Fourteenth-street,  near  Sixth  avenue,  WM 
Erected  in  1863,  at  a  cost  of  $150,000. 

THIRTY-SEVENTH  REGIMENT  ARMORY, 

At  the  junction  of  Broadway  and  Sixth  avenue,  is  a 
stately-looking  building,  occupying  an  entire  square 
block,  and  was  erected  in  1861,  at  a  cost  of  $200,000. 


PUBUO   BUILDINGS,  35 

THE  CITY  HALL. 

This  is  an  imposing  edifice,  and,  for  the  most  part, 
built  of  marble.  It  was  constructed  between  the  years 
1803-10.  At  the  celebration  of  the  Atlantic  Telegraph, 
the  clock-tower  and  other  npper  portions  of  the  build- 
ing were  destroyed  by  fire,  but  have  since  been  rebuilt. 

Previous  to  the  completion  of  the  new  cupola,  our 
City  Fathers  contracted  with  Messrs.  Sperry  &;  Co.,  tho 
celebrated  tower-clock  makers  of  Broadway,  to  build  a 
clock  for  it,  at  a  cost  not  exceeding  14,000,  that  our 
citizens  might  place  the  utmost  reliance  upon,  as  a  time- 
keeper of  unvarying  correctness.  During  the  month  of 
April  the  clock  was  completed,  and  the  busy  thousands 
who  were  daily  wont  to  look  up  to  the  silent  monitor, 
above  which  the  figure  of  justice  was  enthroned,  hailed 
its  appearance  with  the  utmost  satisfaction.  It  is  un- 
doubtedly the  finest  specimen  of  a  tower  clock  on  this 
side  of  the  Atlantic,  and  as  an  accurate  time-keeper 
competent  judges  pronounce  it  to  be  unsurpassed  in  the 
world.  The  main  wheels  are  thirty  inches  in  diameter, 
the  escapement  is  jeweled,  and  the  pendulum,  which  is 
in  itself  a  curiosity,  is  over  fourteen  feet  in  lengtli. 
It  is  a  curious  fact  that  the  pendulum  bob  weighs 
over  300  pounds;  but  so  finely  finished  is  every 
wheel,  pinion  and  pivot  in  the  clock,  and  so  little  power 
is  required  to  drive  them,  that  a  weight  of  only  100 
pounds  is  all  that  is  necessary  to  keep  this  ponderous 
mass  of  metal  vibrating,  and  turn  four  pairs  of  hands  on 
the  dials  of  the  cupola!  The  clock  does  not  stand,  as 
many  suppose,  directly  behind  the  dials,  but  in  the  story 
below,  and  a  perpendicular  iron  rod  twenty -five  feet  in 
length  connects  it  with  the  dial-works  above. 

in  the  building  are  the  several  offices  of  the  Mayor, 
Common  Council  and  Aldermen,  the  Governor's  room. 
City  Library,  and  other  business  offices. 

The  United  States  District  Court  is  located  in  Cham- 
bers street,  at  the  rear  of  the  City  Hall.  The  several 
otlier  Courts  are  held  in  the  brown  stone  building,  sit- 
uated at  the  northeast  angle  of  the  City  Hall. 


46  OTTY   OF  NEW    YORK. 


THE  CUSTOM-HOUSE, 


Occupying  the  building  which  was  formerly  the  Mer 
chants'  Exchange,  is  located  between  Wall  street,  Ex- 
change Place,  William  and  Hanover  streets.  The  material 
employed  in  its  construction  is  blue  Quincy  granite,  and 
it  is  characterized  by  fine  proportions,  and  massive,  sub- 
stantial qjpearance.  Its  dimensions  are  on  such  a  scale 
as  to  produce  a  fine  architectural  effect,  being  in  length, 
200  feet;  in  width,  from  144  to  171;  while  it  has  an 
elevation  of  77  feet  at  the  cornice,  and  124  feet  at  the 
top  of  the  dome.  The  portico  of  eighteen  Ionic  columns, 
which  graces  its  front,  imparts  to  it  an  imi)osing  effect. 
The  interior  of  the  building  fully  sustains  the  impression ; 
for  besides  the  numerous  apartments  set  apart  to  various 
uses,  it  contains  a  rotunda  in  the  centre,  surmounted 
by  a  lofty  dome,  which  is  supported,  in  part,  by  eight 
Corinthian  columns  of  Italian  marble.  This  rotunda  ig 
capable  of  containing  3000  persons.  Its  entire  cost, 
including  the  ground,  was  over  $1,800,000.  The  archi- 
tect was  Isaiah  Rogers ;  and  it  was  built  on  the  site  of 
the  old  Exchange,  destroyed  by  the  fire  of  1835.  The 
original  stockholders  lost  every  penny  of  their  invest- 
ment, it  having  been  sold  to  other  hands  to  defray  the 
mortgage  held  by  the  Barings  of  London, 

THE  MERCHANTS'  EXCHANGE 

Is  now  held  in  William  street,  near  Exchange  Place. 
The  Merchants'  Exchange  sales-room  is  in  the  Trinity 
Building,  on  Broadway,  north  of  Trinity  Church. 

THE  POST-OFFICE, 

In  Nassau  street,  between  Cedar  and  Liberty  streets, 
was  formerly  the  Middle  Dutch  Church.  At  a  time — 
namely,  during  the  war  of  the  Revolution — when  most 


PUBLIC  BUtLDINQS.  87 

of  the  churches  were  turned  to  military  use  by  the 
British,  this  one  sustained  the  greatest  injuries ;  which 
more  or  less,  however,  fell  upon  all.  In  1790,  it  received 
such  repairs  as  fitted  it  again  for  public  worship ;  but  it 
Vfas  afterwards  secured  by  the  government  and  devoted 
to  its  present  use, — that  of  a  post-office.  Its  internal 
arrangements  are  extensive,  and  well  adapted  to  tho 
objects  of  its  present  use ;  the  postmaster's  room  is  so 
situated  as  to  command  a  view  of  all  that  is  going  on  in 
the  building.  It  was  in  the  old  Avooden  steeple  of  this 
building  that  Franklin  practised  his  experiments  in 
electricity. 

THE  UNITED  STATES  TREASURY  AND  ASSAY  OFFICE, 

On  the  corner  of  Wall  and  Nassau  streets,  is  a  splendid 
building,  constructed  in  the  Doric  order  of  Grecian 
architecture.  It  is  built  in  the  most  substantial  manner 
of  white  marble,  something  after  the  model  of  the  Par- 
thenon at  Athens;  as  a  piece  of  masonry,  it  is  equal  to 
any  structure  extant,  and  to  judge  from  appearances, 
likely  to  become  as  enduring  as  the  pyramids;  it  occupies 
the  site  of  the  old  Federal  Hall.  The  building  is  200 
feet  long,  80  feet  wide,  and  80  feet  high :  at  the  southern 
end,  on  Wall  street,  is  a  portico  of  eight  purely  Grecian 
columns,  5  feet  8  inches  in  diameter,  and  32  feet  high ; 
and  on  the  northern  end,  on  Pine  street,  is  a  correspond- 
ing portico,  of  similar  columns.  The  front  portico  is 
ascended  by  eighteen  marble  steps,  and  the  rear  portico, 
on  Pine  street,  by  only  three  or  four  marble  steps.  It  ia 
two  lofty  stories  high  above  the  basement  story.  The 
great  business  hall  is  a  splendid  room,  60  feet  in  diame- 
ter. The  cost  of  the  building,  including  the  ground,  was 
$1,195,000. 

THE  CITT  ARMORY. 

The  old  City  Akmory  or  Arsenal,  is  situated  at  the 
junction  ■>f  Elm  and  White  streets,  extending  84  feet  oo 


3»  CITY    OF   NEW    YOEK. 

Elm,  and  131  feet  on  White  street.  The  edifice  is  so  con- 
structed, tliat  in  case  of  any  popular  tumult,  it  could  be 
defended  by  a  garrison  of  50  men.  The  ground-tloor 
is  used  as  a  gun-room,  and  the  upper  room  for  drilling, 
&c.  The  style  of  the  architecture  is  a  kind  of  gothic, 
with  castellated  towers.  This  arsenal  contains  a  por- 
tion of  the  artillery  of  the  first  division  of  the  New 
York  State  Militia.  It  is  intended  that  a  large  flagstaff 
shall  be  erected  on  the  centre  of  the  roof  of  this  build- 
ing, in  order  that  telegraphic  communications  may  be 
conveyed  by  wires  from  it  to  the  new  arsenal  up  town, 
which  is  situated  on  the  corner  of  Thirty-fifth  streat 
and  Seventh  Avenue. 

THE  HALL  OF  RECORDS, 

Located  to  the  east  of  the  City  Hall,  was  origiially 
used  for  a  prison,  and  subsequently  as  a  cholera  hos- 
pital. It  is  of  coarse  stone  stuccoed  over ;  th(  en- 
trances north  and  south,  are  ornamented  Avith  [gnio 
columns.  The  building  is  now  used  as  the  Depository 
for  Deeds,  Eecords,  &c. 

THE  HALLS  OF  JUSTICE. 

This  is  the  city  prison,  or  as  it  is  more  familiarly  sfyled, 
from  its  gloomy  aspect,  "the  Tombs."  It  is  a  spacious 
building,  or  rather  series  of  buildings, — occupying  the 
square  bounded  by  Centre  street  on  the  east.  Elm  street 
on  the  west,  and  Franklin  and  Leonard  streets  on  the 
north  and  south.  It  is  a  massive  structure,  in  the 
Egyptian  style,  the  main  entrance  being  by  an  ascent 
of  steps  beneath  a  large  portico  supported  by  massive 
Egyptian  columns.  The  Court  of  Sessions,  Police 
Court,  and  others,  are  held  in  this  building.  It  also 
comprises  the  prison,  which  has  about  150  cells.  The 
house  of  detention  measures  142  feet  by  45.  The 
place  of  execution  of  criminals  is  the  interior  court- 
yard. The  edifice  was  completed  in  1838.  On  appli- 
cation to  the  keeper,  visitors  may  obtain  admission  to 
the  building. 


Sue-Tkeasuey. 


BENKVOLBNT  INSTITUTIONS  89 


BENEVOLENT  INSTITUTIONS. 

BLACKWELL'S  ISLAND. 

A  visit  to  the  several  establishments  on  this  island  will 
well  repay  any  one  interested  in  the  efforts  for  amel- 
iorating human  suffering.  There  are  on  the  island,  tho 
Penitentiarj',  with  its  500  to  1000  convicts,  the  Alras- 
House  Hospital,  the  Lunatic  Asylum,  and  the  New 
Work-House, — which  last  is  one  of  the  most  complete 
edifices  in  the  country.  It  is  built  of  stone  taken  from 
the  quarries  of  the  island.  It  is  a  very  spacious  build- 
ing, being  capable  of  holding  about  600  persons ;  all  its 
internal  arrangements  are  very  complete.  The  humane 
object  of  this  institution  is  to  separate  vagrants  froni 
criminals,  and  to  compel  all  to  work  who  are  able  to 
do  something  towards  their  own  support.  The  build- 
ing, which  is  325  feet  in  length,  cost  about  $100,000. 
Tickets  for  admission  to  the  island  can  be  obtained  of 
the  Uommissioners  of  Public  Charities  and  Correction : 
office,  corner  Eleventh  street  and  Third  avenue. 

There  are  various  modes  of  conveyance  to  the  is- 
land,— by  the  Second  or  Third  avenue  cars  to  Ninety- 
second  street,  where  a  boat  will  be  found  at  almost 
any  hour ;  also  by  steamer  from  foot  of  Twenty-seventh 
street,  East  River. 

WAKD'S  ISLAND 

May  also  be  visited  by  the  same  conveyances,  on  ob- 
taining a  permit  from  the  Commissioners  of  Emigra- 
tion, at  their  office  in  the  New  City  Hall,  near  the 
junction  of  Chambers  and  Centre  streets. 

RANDALL'S   ISLAND 

May  be  reached  also  by  boat  from  foot  of  27th.  St.  E.R. 
each  day  at  noon.     Here  aio  the  nurseries  for  tho  sup' 


40  OITY   OF    NEW    YORK. 

port  and  instruction  of  destitute  children.  This  insti- 
tution is  the  most  interesting  of  all,  and  conimenda 
itself  to  the  sympathies  of  all  who  would  become 
acquainted  with  the  benevolent  agencies  of  New  York 
city.  Permits  may  be  had,  as  for  Blackwell's  Island. 
There  are  usually  to  be  seen  here,  in  the  several  insti- 
tutions, from  4000  to  5000  persons  young  and  old. 

THE  NEW  YORK  ORPHAN  ASYLUM, 

Situated  in  Blooraingdale,  near  Eightieth  street,  com- 
prises a  fine  building  120  feet  by  60,  and  nine  acres  ot 
ground,  laid  out  with  much  taste.  These  grounds  com- 
mand a  splendid  view  of  the  Hudson  and  East  Rivers 
with  the  surrounding  scenery.  There  are  in  this  insti- 
tution about  200  orphans.  The  institution  was  incor- 
porated by  charter  in  1807,  and  its  present  edifice  was 
completed  in  1840.  It  is  a  most  praiseworthy  insti- 
tution, and  a  very  interesting  one  to  visit. 

THE  BL00MIN6DALE  ASYLUM  FOR  THE  INSANE, 

A  branch  of  the  New  York  Hospital,  is  situated  in  tho 
Bloomingdale  Road,  at  a  distance  of  about  seven  miles 
from  the  City  Hall.  It  occupies  a  most  beautiful  and 
commanding  site,  and  its  approach  and  surroundings 
are  admirably  fitted  to  lighten  the  sense  of  depression 
and  gloom  which  we  instinctively  associate  with  every 
establishment  of  the  kind.  The  treatment  administer- 
ed to  its  unfortunate  inmates,  too,  is  of  the  most  en- 
lightened, humane,  and  rational  sort.  The  principal 
building  is  211  feet  in  length,  60  in  depth,  and  four 
Ktories  in  height;  with  side  buildings. 

The  approach  to  the  Asylum  from  the  southern  en- 
trance, by  the  stranger  who  associates  the  most  sombre 
scenes  with  a  lunatic  hospital,  is  highly  pleasing.  The 
sudden  opening  of  the  view,  the  extent  of  the  grounds, 
the  various  avenues  gracefully  winding  through  so 
arge  a  lawn ;  the  cedar  hedges,  the  fir  and  other  orna- 
mental trees,    tastefully  distributed  or    grouped,  the 


;■  |,iif-:^:"I'iKil" 


BENEVOLENT  INSTITUTIONS.  41 

variety  of  shrubbery  and  flowers.  Tlie  central  building, 
however,  is  always  open  to  visitors,  and  the  view  from 
the  top  of  it,  being  the  most  extensive  and  beautiful  of 
any  in  the  vicinity  of  the  city,  is  well  worthy  of  their 
attention. 


THE  NEW  YOEK  HOSPITAL, 

Situated  on  the  comer  of  Duane  and  Church  streets,  (en- 
trance 319  Broadway,)  is  a  most  important  benevolent 
institution.  It  dates  Ijack  to  1771,  when  it  was  founded 
by  the  Earl  of  Dunmore,  who  was  at  that  time  governor 
of  the  colony.  The  accommodation  for  patients  is  not 
very  extensive,  though  excellent  in  every  respect.  It  is  a 
receptacle  in  cases  of  sudden  accidents.  It  is  not  al- 
together gratuitous ;  but  to  such  as  are  able  to  pay  a  little, 
it  offers  most  important  advantages,  four  dollars  a  week 
commanding  the  best  medical  attendance,  besides  nurs- 
ing and  medicine.  The  students,  too,  have  the  benefit, 
for  a  small  annual  fee,  of  accompanying  the  surgeons  in 
their  rounds.  The  institution  has  an  annual  revenue, 
from  various  sources,  of  about  $80,000,  which  is  expended 
in  support  of  the  establishment.  The  hospital  grounds 
were  formerly  as  represented  by  the  accompanying  cut, 
but  owing  to  the  gigantic  strides  of  commerce,  it  was 
found  desirable,  a  few  years  ago,  to  dispose  of  the  larger 
portion  of  the  same  for  business  purposes. 


THE  BELLEVUE  HOSPITAL, 

Under  the  management  of  the  Board  of  Commissioners 
of  Charities  and  Correction,  is  located  at  Twenty-sixtlx 
street  and  East  River.  The  accommodations  here  are  also 
excellent. 


JEWS'  HOSPITAL 
Is  located  at  158  West  Twenty-eighth  street 


«  CITY  OF  NEW  TOBK. 

THE  INSTITUTION  FOB  THE  DEAF  AND  DUMB. 

This  noble  and  well-conducted  Asylum  is  situated 
at  Fanwood,  Washington  Heights,  on  162d  street, 
which  is  reached  by  means  of  the  Hudson  River  raiU 
road.  The  prmcipal  building  measures  110  feet  by  60 
and  IS  five  stories  high.  It  is  capable  of  accommodating 
Ironi  200  to  300  pupils,  exclusive  of  the  principal  and 
teachors,  &c.  It  is  one  of  the  best-endowed  institutions 
of  benevolence  in  New  York ;  being  sustained  by  ap- 
propriations made  by  the  State  Legislature,  by  the  City 
Corporation,  and  private  benefactions.  The  pupils  are 
instructed  in  the  ordinary  branches  of  learning,  and 
some  of  them  in  the  various  trades.  Dr.  Peet  is  the 
superintendent.  Open  to  the  public  from  half-past  one 
to  four  p.  M.  every  day. 

THE  INSTITUTION  FOR  THE  BLIND 

Is  on  the  Ninth  Avenue,  between  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  streets,  occupying  32  lots  of  ground,  pre- 
Bented  by  James  Boorman,  Esq.  The  edifice  is  of  gran- 
ite, and  of  the  Gothic  order  of  architecture.  It  owes 
its  origin  mainly  to  Dr.  J.  D.  Russ,  whose  attention  was 
directed  to  the  sightless  condition  of  a  large  number  of 
the  children  in  the  City  Alms  House.  Moved  by  the 
spectacle,  he  determined  to  devote  himself  to  their  re- 
lief, and  for  that  purpose  took  seven  children  from  the 
Alms  House  and  gratuitously  instructed  them  for  nearly 
two  years,  and  finally  obtained  the  passage  of  an  act  by 
the  legislature  for  their  support.  In  this  effort  he  was 
ably  supported  by  Samuel  Wood,  a  well-known  member 
of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and  Dr.  Samuel  Akerly,  dis- 
tinguished for  his  zeal  and  labors  in  behalf  of  the  Insti- 
tution for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb.  Here  also  the  usual 
branches  of  education  are  taught,  and  the  pupils  are  in- 
structed in  the  several  useful  arts  of  life.  It  is  an  ex- 
ceedingly useful  object  to  visit,  as  is  also  the  Deaf  and 
Dumb  Asylum.  The  Institution  is  open  to  visitors  on 
week  days,  from  one  to  six  p.  m.,  and  may  be  conven- 
iently reached  by  stages  and  cars  that  run  on  the  Eighth 
Avenue. 


BENEVOLENT    INSTITUTIONS.  45 

THE  HOUSE  OF  INDUSTRY  AND  HOME  FOR  THE 
FRIENDLESS 

Is  located  on  Thirtieth  street,  between  Fourth  and  Madi- 
son Avenues.  It  is  under  the  direction  of  a  society  de- 
voted to  the  protection  of  deserted  children,  and  adult 
persons  who  may  be  in  distress.  This  association  has 
largely  contributed  to  the  relief  of  the  poor  and  desti- 
tute of  the  city, — in  one  year  it  relieved,  and  provided 
with  places,  over  600  young  and  old.  The  society  pub- 
lishes a  paper  semi-monthly,  entitled  "  The  Advocate 
and  Guardian,''''  which  has  a  circulation  of  about  15,000 
copies;  it  has  also  published  over  10,000  t^-acts,  &c. 

THE  HOUSE  AND  SCHOOL  OF  INDUSTRY 

Has  its  rooms  No.  100  West  Sixteenth  street.  It  was 
organized  in  1850. 

THE  SOCIETY  FOR  THE  RELIEF  OF  POOR  WIDOWS 
WITH  SMALL  CHILDREN, 

Was  organized  in  1797,  by  the  efforts  of  the  late  Mrs. 
Isabella  Graham.  Its  average  number  of  persons  re- 
lieved, is  about  200  widows  and  500  children.  Mrs.  L. 
Perkins,  1st  Directress,  78  West  Fourteentli  street. 

THE  HOUSE  OF  INDUSTRY, 

In  the  Five  Points,  near  Centre  and  Pearl  streets,  Mr. 
S.  B.  Halliday  now  has  charge  of  the  House  of  Indus- 
try. Placed  in  the  very  midst  of  squalid  poverty 
and  crime,  this  excellent  charity  has  achieved  great 
results  in  rescuing  and  reclaiming  the  youth  of  vicious 
parentage.  Mr.  Pease's  institution  dates  back  only  to 
1848,  yet  thus  far  has  its  progress  been  incomparably 
the  most  successful  of  any  of  the  numerous  noble  chari- 
ties of  New  York.  Persevering  through  numberless 
difficulties,  Mr.  Pease  at  length  has  achieved  a  great 
success  in  his  laudable  endeavors.  He  has  now  from 
100  to  200  inmates,  rescued  from  the  pnrlieus  of  r>?e 
4* 


46  qiTT   OF   NEW   YORK. 

and  poverty;  hopefully  engaged  in  liis  "House  of  In- 
dustry." Since  its  foundation,  between  800  and  900 
women  have  been  sent  out  to  places  in  the  country. 
By  his  economical  plan,  the  major  part  of  the  expenses 
of  the  establishment  liave  been  defrayed  by  the  pro- 
ductive labor  of  the  inmates. 

Tliere  are  many  other  pliilanthropic  societies  in  New 
York,  which  it  is  not  necessary  to  detail,  as  they  may 
be  found  briefly  named  in  the  City  Directory.  The 
more  prominent  are  the  following  benevolent  societies: 

ODB  FELLOWS  HALL. 

The  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows  number,  in 
New  York  city,  about  90  lodges,  and  about  12  encamp- 
ments, including  many  thousand  members;  many  of 
the  lodges  have  fine  halls,  in  various  parts  of  this  city 
and  the  neighboring  cities  of  Brooklyn,  Williamsburg, 
Jersey  City,  &c. ;  but  the  grand  rendezvous  of  tlie  order, 
is  the  large  brown-stone  building  at  the  corner  of  Grand 
and  Centre  streets,  erected  at  a  cost  of  $125,000.  This 
imposing  edifice  presents  a  noble  appearance,  being  sub- 
stantially built,  lofty,  and  surmounted  by  a  dome.  It 
contains  a  series  of  highly  ornamented  lodge-rooms, 
richly  furnished  and  in  different  styles  of  architecture : 
some  Egyptian,  Grecian,  Elizabethan,  &c.  These  ele- 
gant apartments  are  well  worth  a  visit.  The  average 
receipts  of  the  association  which  owns  this  edifice,  is 
estimated  at  about  $75,000.  Their  distribution  in  the 
form  of  benefactions  to  the  sick  and  poor,  is  on  a  scale 
of  corresponding  liberality. 

ANCIENT  AND  HONORABLE  FRATERNITY  OF  FREE 
AND  ACCEPTED  MASONS. 

The  M.  "W.  Grand  Lodge  of  the  ancient  and  honorable 
fraternity  of  Free  and  Accepted  Masons  of  the  State  of 
Few  York,  meets  at  such  commodious  place  as  may  be 
appointed  on  the  1st  Tuesday  in  March,  June,  Septem- 
ber,  and   December.     Subordinate  lodges  meet   every 


.VAlV.K'e'4't.i  •• 


Odd  Fkllows'   Hal; 


BENEVOLENT   INSTITUTIO:TS.  47 

evening  in  Crosby  street,  corner  of  Broome  street,  and 
at  Odd  Fellows  Hall,  Grand  and  Centre  streets. 

THE  SAILORS  SlfUG  HAEBOR, 

An  Asylum  for  aged  and  infirm  seamen,  is  situated  on 
the  north  side  of  Staten  Island.  It  was  founded  by 
Capt.  Randall  in  1801,  and  incorporated  in  1806  in  New 
York ;  the  present  noble  building  on  Staten  Island, 
measures  225  feet  in  length,  with  160  acres  of  ground; 
about  300  aged  and  disabled  seamen  are  here  supported. 
Near  tlie  Quarantine  grounds,  are  the  Seamen's  JRetreat 
for  the  sick,  and  the  Rome  for  Sailor's  Children^  also  the 
Marine  Hospital^  which  is  supported  by  an  emigrant 
tax  of  $2  on  every  cabin  passenger,  native  of  a  foreign 
country,  and  50  cents  for  every  steerage  passenger. 
The  fund  from  these  sources,  amounts  to  nearly  $100,000 
per  annum.  There  is  yet  another  benevolent  marine 
society,  styled  The  American  Seamen''s  Friend  Society^ 
whose  object  is  to  bring  good  influences  to  bear  upon 
this  class,  by  preaching,  and  by  opening  boarding-houses, 
reading-rooms,  savings  banks,  &c. 

The  Marine  Societyh  office  is  at  67  Wall-street. 
St.  George's  Society  of  New  York,  40  Exchange  PIai«. 
St.  Andreio's  Society,  90  Broadway. 
St.  Nicholas       "        11  Wall-street. 
Neio  England     "        Aster  House. 
Italian  Benevolent  Society,  685  Broadway. 
Irish  Emigrant  "        51  Chambers-street. 

Hibernian  Benevolent  Society,  195  West  Seventeenth  st 
German  Society  of  New  York,  5  Battery  Place. 
Hebrew  Benevolent  Society,  3d  Av.  and  E.  77th  St. 
German  Mutual  Assistance  Society,  17  North  William-st. 
Ancient  Order  of  Hibernians,  215  Hester-street. 

The  respective  addresses  of  Societies  not  given  in  Ihia 
list  are  to  be  found  in  the  New  York  Directory. 


48 


CITY   OF   NEW   YORK. 


DEPAETMENT  OF  OHAEITIES  AND  COERECTIONS 
Have  erected  on  the  corner  of  Eleventh  street  and  Third 
Avenue  a  neat  and  substantial  building,  which  they  oc- 
cupy. This  very  important  department  was  created  by 
an  act  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  is  the  most  benevo- 
lent mstitution  in  the  city.  Almost  hourly  through  the 
winter  the  rooms  are  crowded  with  applicants  for  relief, 
whose  wants  are  amply  and  promptly  attended  to.  A 
large  and  very  efficient  corps  of  assistants  are  employed 
to  carry  out  the  objects  for  which  this  institution  was  cre- 
ated. This  department  is  under  the  management  of  a 
Board  of  Five  Commissioners,  who  have  entire  control 
over  all  the  public  institutions  of  the  city,  including  Kan- 
dall's,  Ward's,  and  Blackwell's  Islands.  Any  person  de- 
sirous of  visiting  any  or  all  of  these  places,  can  obtain 
permits  at  this  office. 


LITERARY  &  SCIENTIFIC  INSTITUTIONS. 

THE  ASTOR  LIBRARY, 

Situated  on  Lafayette  Place,  near  Astor  Place,  is  justly 
regarded  as  the  library  collection  of  the  continent.  Its 
literary  treasures  comprise  some  of  the  rarest  and  most 
valuable  productions  of  art  extant.  Dr.  Cogswell,  the 
learned  Librarian,  has  collected  from  all  parts  of  the  old 
world  a  vast  accumulation  of  costly  works  in  all  de- 
partments of  human  knowledge ;  including  about  1000 
bibliographical  books,  and  numerous  superbly  illustrat- 
ed works  of  great  rarity  and  value,  on  almost  all  sub- 
jects— science,  history,  biography,  philology,  &c.,  &c. 
It  already  contains  over  100,000  volumes,  and  further 
additions  are  constantly  being  made  to  this  collection^ 
by  the  munificence  of  its  founder,  John  Jacob  Astor' 
who  endowed  it  with  the  sum  of  $400,000. 


UIJ>iHl-lls;.sil--.ji:,fell':|Hl-lt 


LITBRART   AlfD   SOIENTIFIO  IN8TITD  riOXa.  49 

This  stately  edifice,  bnilt  of  brick,  ornamented  with 
Drown  stone,  is  of  the  Eoinanesque  style,  and  of  great 
Bymmetrical  beauty.  Its  interior,  however,  is  much 
more  imposing.  The  entrance  to  the  Library  Hall  is 
by  a  flight  of  38  marble  steps  leading  to  the  second 
story.  This  splendid  hall  is  richly  decorated  with  14 
piers  finished  in  imitation  of  Italian  marble,  and  over 
these  are  galleries  ranged  on  either  side,  inclosed  with 
gilt  iron  railings.  These  upper  galleries  are  reached  by 
eight  spiral  stairways.  The  height  of  the  Library  is 
near  50  feet,  and  in  the  centre  of  the  ceiling  is  a  largo 
skylight,  measuring  54  feet  by  14,  and  at  each  side 
smaller  lights ;  there  are  no  other  windows,  these  how- 
ever afford  sufficient  light  for  the  building.  In  the  east 
end  are  mclosures  railed  in,  and  the  Librarian's  rooms 
In  the  lower,  or  first  floor,  are  the  Lecture  room  and 
Reading  rooms.  The  floors  are  of  mosaic  work.  A 
visit  to  this  noble  institution,  with  its  rich  and  rare  col- 
lection of  sumptuous  books,  will  become  a  necessity  to  all 
who  have  any  love  for  literature  and  art. 

In  the  year  1857,  William  B.  Astor,  Esq.,  made  a  do- 
nation, to  the  Trustees,  of  the  adjoining  lot;  upon 
which  another  structure,  in  all  respects  corresponding 
with  the  first,  has  just  been  erected.  Thus  the  Astor 
Library  has  now  doubled  its  proportions— forming 
the  most  imposing  architectural  edifice  of  its  class  in 
the  United  States,  This  new  building  was  o-,ened  to 
the  public  in  the  Autumn  of  1859— immediately  after 
the  return  of  Dr.  Cogswell  from  Europe  with  a  further 
collection  of  literary  spoils. 

THE  COOPEE  UNION 

Is  a  noble  building  erected  by  Mr.  Peter  Cooper,  of  New 
York,  and  is  devoted  to  the  "  moral,  intellectual,  and 
physical  improvement  of  his  countrymen."  The  build- 
ing covers  an  entire  block,  having  a  front  on  Third  Av- 
enue of  195  feet,  on  Fourth  Avenue  155,  on  Eighth 
street  143,  and  on  Seventh  street  86.  It  is  in  the  im- 
mediate vicinity  of  the  new  "  Bible  House."  the  "Astor 


ZO  CITY   OF  NEW'  TOEK. 

Library,*'  the  "  Mercantile  Library,"  and  the  rooms  of 
various  literary  and  scientific  societies.  In  the  base- 
ment is  a  large  lecture-room,  125  feet  long  by  85  wide 
and  21  high;  and  this,  and  also  the  first  and  second 
Btories,  which  are  arranged  for  stores  and  offices,  are 
rented,  so  as  to  produce  a  revenue  to  meet  the  annual 
expenses  of  the  "  Institute."  The  "  Institute"  proper — 
or  the  "Union" — commences  with  the  third  story,  in 
which  is  an  "exhibition-room,"  30  feet  high  and  125  by 
82,  lighted  from  above  by  a  dome.  The  fourth  story 
may  be  considered  as  a  part  of  the  third,  being  a  con- 
tinuation of  galleries  with  alcoves  for  painting  and 
sculpture.  In  the  fifth  story  are  two  large  lecture- 
rooms  ;  and  the  library,  consisting  of  five  rooms,  which 
connect  with  each  other  and  with  the  lecture-rooms. 
There  are  also  rooms  for  experiments,  for  instruments, 
and  for  the  use  of  artists.  The  cost  of  the  building  is 
about  $300,000,  and  the  annual  income  from  the  rented 
parts  is  from  $25,000  to  $30,000.  The  whole  is  under 
the  control  of  a  Board  of  Directors  for  the  benefit  of  the 
public;  the  course  of  lectures,  the  library,  and  the 
reading-rooms  being  all  free.  In  the  munificence  both 
of  the  gift  and  the  endowment,  the  "  Coopeu  Institute" 
stands  as  a  monument  to  its  noble-hearted  founder 
more  enduring  than  the  pyramids.  The  School  of  De- 
sign for  women  has  rooms  in  this  building. 

THE  COLLEGE  OF  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK, 

In  Twenty-third  street,  corner  of  Lexington  Avenue, 
was  established  in  1 848,  by  the  Board  of  Education  of 
the  city  of  New  York,  in  pursuance  of  an  act  passed 
May  7,  1847,  for  the  purpose  of  providing  higher  educa- 
tion for  such  pupils  of  the  Common  Schools  as  may 
wish  to  avail  themselves  thereof.  The  college  is  under 
the  general  superintendence  of  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion ;  but  it  is  specially  under  the  supervision  of  an 
Executive  Committee,  for  its  care,  government,  and 
management,  appointed  by  the  Board.    All  its  expenses 


ku' 


■^S^sS^!^^, 


-<e^H^>z-!!i" 


LITERARY  AND  SOIKNTIFIO  INSTITUTIONS.  51 

for  instruction,  apparatus,  library,  cabinet  collections, 
books  and  stationery,  are  paid  out  of  the  public  treasury. 
The  cost  of  the  ground  was  $37,810,  the  edifice, 
$75  000,  and  the  interior  furniture,  apparatus,  «&c., 
$26,'867.  The  building  measures  125  feet  by  80,  and 
will'  accommodate  1000  pupils. 

The  students  are  admitted  in  annual  classes,  and  the 
full  course  of  study  embraces  five  years. 

The  Board  of  Education  is  authorized  by  law  to  con- 
fer the  usual  collegiate  degrees  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  faculty.  ^     ,     ^     »      a 

Graduates  may  become  "  Kesident  Graduates,  and 
continue  their  studies  at  option.  The  Academical  stud- 
ies during  Term  time,  continue  daily  (except  Saturday 
and  Sunday)  from  a  quarter  before  9  o'clock  a.  M.  to  3 
o'clock  p.  M. 

MERCANTILE  LIBRARY  ASSOCIATION 
Occupy  the  Clinton  Hall  building  in  Astor  Place,  Eighth 
street.  This  noble  establishment  comprises  a  fane  li- 
brary, reading-room,  and  lecture-room,  also  cabmets  of 
minerals,  &e.  Its  literary  collections  numbering  be- 
tween 90,  and  100,000  volumes,  in  the  several  depart- 
ments of  general  knowledge,  including  also  a  valuable 
series  of  periodical  works,  unsurpassed  by  any  other 
institution.  Tlie  number  of  its  members  at  the  present 
time  exceeds  4000.  This  institution,  originally  estab- 
lished for  the  use  of  clerks,  has  been  since  thrown  open 
to  the  public  on  payment  of  the  subscription,  $5  per  an- 
num.    Clerks  pay  $1  initiation  fee,  and  $2  subscription. 

THE  NEW  YORK  SOCIETY  LIBRARY 
Is  situated  in  University  Place,  near  Twelfth  street. 
This  time-honored  institution,  founded  in  1754,  pos- 
sesses  a  fine  collection  of  books  in  general  literature, 
numbering  about  38,000  volumes.  Permanent  mem- 
bers of  this  institution,  by  the  payment  of  $25,  and 
the  annual  fee  of  $6,  become  stockholders  lem- 
porary  members  are  admitted  on  the  payment  ot  $7V 


CITY  OF  NEW  TOEK. 


per  annum.    To  all  these  literary  establiskments,  visit' 
ors  are  admitted. 


THE  CITY  LIBRARY 

Is  in  the  City  Hall,  and  is  free  to  all  persons. 

THE  NEW  YORK  LAW  INSTITUTE 

Have  a  valuable  library  of  law  books  at  No.  41  Cham- 
bers street.     Open  daily. 

THE  PRINTERS'  FREE  LIBRARY, 

Located  at  No.  3  Chambers  street,  has  over  4000  vol* 
umes.     It  is  open  every  Saturday  evening. 

THE   WOMAN'S   LIBRARY 

Is  in  the  New  York  University  Building,  fronting  on 
"Washington  Square. 

THE  LYCEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY 

Is  a  society  of  scientific  men,  formed  for  the  study  of 
natural  history.  Its  rooms  are  in  Fourteenth  street, 
near  the  4th  Avenue.  It. possesses  a  good  library,  and 
a  large  museum  of  minerals,  plants,  and  specimens  of 
.natural  history.     It  is  accessible  to  the  public. 

THE  APPRENTICE'S  LIBRARY, 

containing  about  16,000  volumes  for  the  use  of  youth- 
ful apprentices,  is  in  the  Mechanics'  Hall,  472  Broad- 
way, near  Grand  street. 

THE  MECHANICS'  INSTITUTE, 

No.  20  Fourth  Avenue,  has  a  collection  of  upwards  of 
8000  volumes.  There  is  a  school  attached  for  the  edu- 
cation of  the  children  of  mechanicsi, 


New   Yckk  University. 


LITERART  AXD   SOIENTIFIO   INSTITUTIONS.  63 


THE  NEW  YORK  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY, 

Est.ablished  upwards  of  half  a  century,  have  a  noble 
edifice  on  the  corner  of  Eleventh  street  and  Second 
Avenue.  It  is  an  elegant  fire-proof  structure,  built  of 
yellow  sandstone  from  the  province  of  New  Brunswick, 
and  is  splendidly  fitted  up.  Its  literary  collections  con- 
sist of  rare  and  valuable  books  pertaining  to  the  history 
and  antiquities  of  the  country;  also  medals,  coins, 
maps,  engravings,  &c.  The  Library  comprises  about 
20,000  volumes.  There  is  a  fine  Picture-gallery  in  the 
uppermost  story  ;  the  Library  Hall,  Lecture-room,  and 
various  offices  are  characterized  by  great  architectural 
beauty.  Recently  there  have  been  added  a  fine  collec- 
tion of  Nineveh  Marbles,  presented  by  James  Lenox, 
Esq.,  and  Dr.  Abbott's  Egyptian  Collection  (obtained 
by  liberal  subscription),  one  of  the  most  valuable  mu- 
seums of  Egyptian  antiquities  in  the  world.  The  meet- 
ings of  the  society  are  lield  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  each 
month ;  there  are  also  occasional  Lectures  given,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  regular  series.  Rev.  Thomas  De  Witt  is 
the  President,  and  the  membership  of  the  association 
numbers  about  1,500,  including  the  leading  literary  men 
of  the  country. 


AMERICAN  ETHNOLOGICAL  SOCIETY, 

Founded  in  1842.  The  first  President  of  this  society 
was  the  late  Albert  Gallatin,  formerly  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  &c.,  who  held  the  ofiice  until  his  deatli  in  1849. 
The  object  of  the  society  is  "the  prosecution  of  in- 
quiries into  tlie  origin,  progress,  and  characteristics  of 
the  various  races  of  men."  This  society  has  collected 
a  large  amount  of  materials,  and  has  published  three 
volumes  of  Transactions.  The  meetings  are  held  at  the 
houses  of  members,  on  the  second  Tuesday  in  each 
month. 


54  CITY   OF  NEW   YORK. 

THE  NEW  YORK  JUVENILE  ASYLUM, 

A  fine  stone  edifice,  situated  near  Higjh  Bridge,  19  a 
home  and  reformatory  for  neglected  children.  The  asy- 
lum, by  its  charter,  becomes  the  legal  guardian  of  all 
such  children  as  may  be  committed  to  it  by  the  volun- 
tary act  of  their  parents  or  by  the  precept  of  a  police 
magistrate.  The  institution  owes  its  origiji  to  Dr.  J.  D. 
Russ  of  this  city,  so  favorably  known  for  his  exertions 
in  establishing  the  New  York  Institution  for  the  Blind. 
The  success  of  the  institution  has  been  largely  promoted 
by  A.  R.  Wetmore,  Esq.,  who  has  been  its  president 
and  financier  almost  from  its  organization.  It  occupies 
about  20  acres  of  ground,  which  is  in  part  cultivated  by 
the  children,  who,  during  their  stay  in  the  asylum,  are 
instructed  in  all  the  branches  of  a  common  school  edu- 
cation. As  soon  as  their  improvement  will  warrant 
their  removal,  they  are  sent  to  the  Great  West  and  in- 
dentured, where,  in  a  few  years,  instead  of  being  drawn 
into  the  vortex  of  crime  as  they  almost  inevitably  would 
have  been  if  left  unprotected  in  our  streets,  they  will 
many  of  them  become  our  law-makers  and  occupy  places 
of  trust.  The  institution  has  a  House  of  Reception  for 
200  children,  at  No.  71  West  Thirteenth  street.  All 
children,  when  first  committed,  must  remain  in  this 
house  ten  days,  to  afford  their  parents  an  opportunity 
of  reclaiming  tliem.  The  two  buildings  can  accommo- 
date about  700.  Take  Hudson  River  railroad'or  Man- 
hattanville  stages  to  Fort  Washington  or  High  Bridge. 


YOUNG  MEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION. 

This  society  have  their  rooms  on  the  corner  of  Fourth 
Avenue  and  Twenty-third  street.  The  Association  has 
a  reading-room,  which  is  entirely  distinct  from  the 
library  and  department  for  committee  and  other  meet- 
ings. Devotional  services  are  held  on  Wednesday  and 
Saturday  evenings.  Young  men,  strangers,  and  the 
public  are  cordially  invited. 


UTEBAEY   AND   SCIKNTIFIO   INSTITUTIONS.  56 

THE  AMERICAN  INSHTUTE, 
At  Cooper  Union,  lias  also  a  select  library  of  works, 
principally  relating  to  the  inventive  and  mechanic  arts. 
Under  the  auspices  of  this  association  have  been  held 
the  annual  fairs  for  the  purpose  of  exhibiting  the  pro- 
gress of  new  inventions  in  science  and  art. 


THE  AMERICAN  GEOSRAPHICAL  AND  STATISTICAL 
SOCIETY 
Of  New  York,  hold  their  monthly  meetings  at  Qinton 
Hall,  Astor  Place.     C.  P.  Dally,  president. 

THE  NEW  YORK  UNIVERSITY 

Is  located  on  the  east  side  of  Washington  Square,  and 
forms  a  noble  architectural  ornament,  being  of  the 
English  collegiate  style  of  architecture.  The  Uiiiver- 
eity  was  established  in  1831,  and  has  ever  maintained 
its  high  reputation.  It  has  a  chancellor,  and  a  corps 
of  professors  in  the  various  departments  of  learning. 
There  is  also  a  grammar  school  connected  with  the 
institution;  also  a  valuable  library,  philosophical  ap- 
paratus, &c.  The  edifice  is  of  marble,  and  measures 
about  200  feet  in  front  by  100  in  depth:  it  presents  a 
very  beautiful  appearance  as  seen  through  the  thick 
foliage  of  the  park.  The  great  central  gothic  window 
lights  the  chajiel  of  the  University ;  divine  service  is 
held  here  every  Sunday  at  the  usual  hours.  The  prin- 
cipal entrance  is  by  the  centre  door,  up  a  flight  of 
marble  steps.  In  the  upper  parts  of  the  building  are 
several  chambers  and  offices,  occupied  by  various  so- 
cieties, literary  persons,  and  artists. 

COLUMBIA  COLLEGE, 

Originally  chartered  by  George  II.,  in  1754,  under  the 

title  of  King's  College,  till  within  a  short  period,  stotxJ 

5 


66  CITY  OP  NEW  YOHK. 

in  Park  Place.  The  present  edifice  is  on  Forty -ninth 
street,  near  the  Fifth  avenue.  It  has  a  president  and 
twelve  professors ;  a  choice  library  of  rare  classical 
works  of  about  18,000  volumes,  museum,  &c.  A  gram- 
mar school  is  attached  to  the  institution,  over  which  a 
professor  presides  as  rector. 


PUBLIC  SCHOOLS. 


New  York  city  stands  at  the  veiy  head  in  all  efforts 
to  promote  the  interest  of  popular  education.  There 
are  ninety-three  grammar  schools,  mostly  of  three  de- 
partments each — male,  female,  and  primary,— and  ninety- 
one  primary  schools,  for  boys  and  girls,  besides  six  for 
colored  pupils,  making  in  all  about  two  hundred  schools 
at  the  present  time.  The  buildings  are  of  the  most  sub- 
stantial character ;  are  admirably  arranged,  and  fitted 
with  every  modern  improvement. 

The  whole  number  taught  during  the  year  1869  was 
236,526,  being  an  increase  of  nearly  12,000  on  the  pre- 
vious year.  The  number  of  teachers  employed  exceeds 
2,500.  The  course  of  study  is  most  thorough,  and  scholars 
entering  the  primaiy  class  pass  through  the  various 
grades  of  that  and  the  grammar  department,  and  finally 
graduate  at  the  College  of  the  City  of  New  York  (for- 
merly the  Free  Academy)  with  full  collegiate  honors. 

The  cost  of  maintaining  this  vast  system  was  (for  the 
year  1869)  no  less  than  three  millions  of  dollars  ;  yet  this 
great  work  is  carried  on,  and  this  enormous  expenditure 
borne,  without  any  expense  to  the  pupils — buildings, 
tuition,  books,  and  whatever  else  is  needed  being  sup- 
plied without  cost  to  the  scholara. 

The  present  value  of  the  school  property  is  estimated 
at  upwards  of  $6,000,000. 


.itirJI; 


M\ 


« 


iji   ililltiiilil!!!- 


Bible  House. 


NKW   BIBLE   HOITSE.  57 


THE  NEW  BIBLE  HOUSE, 


Which  rs  approached  from  Broadway  througli  Astor 
Place,  occupies  three  fourths  of  an  acre  of  ground, 
bounded  by  Third  and  Fourth  Avenues,  and  Eighth  and 
Ninth  streets.  The  form  of  this  gigantic  edifice  is 
nearly  triangular.  It  has  a  front  of  )  98  feet  on  Fourth 
Avenue,  202  on  Eiglith  street,  96  on  Third  Avenue, 
and  232  on  Ninth  street.  Its  average  depth  is  about 
50  feet.  It  is  the  property  of  the  American  Bible  Soci- 
ety. This  imposing-looking  edifice,  Avhich  is  substanti- 
ally built  of  brick,  with  stone  facings,  cost  nearly 
$300,000.  The  principal  entrance,  which  is  on  the 
Fourth  Avenue,  has  four  colunms,  surmounted  with 
cornice.  In  the  fourth  story  is  a  stone  figure  repre* 
Benting  Eeligion  holding  a  Bible. 

The  receipts  of  the  Society,  at  the  first  year  of  its 
organization  in  1816-17,  were  $37,779.35  ;  its  receipts 
since  then  amount  to  about  $5,000,000.  It  has  put  in 
circulation  about  nine  millions  of  Bibles  and  Testa- 
ments ;  and  given  some  $500,000  to  various  Missionary 
Stations  to  aid  in  the  publications  of  the  Holy  Scrip- 
tures. It  has  supplied  thousands  of  seamen  and  crimi- 
nals with  copies;  as  well  as  distributed  hundreds  of 
thousands  to  private  families,  hotels,  &c.,  in  every  part 
of  the  United  States.  It  has  produced  editions  of  the 
Bible,  or  portions  of  it,  in  about  24  different  dialects, 
and  aided  in  issuing  it  in  otliers.  In  this  spacious 
building  the  following  Societies  have  their  Rooms,  viz  • 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Society  for  the  Promotion  of 
Evangelical  Knowledge,  the  American  Board  of  Cora- 
missioners  for  Foreign  Missions,  the  American  Home 
Missionary  Society,  the  New  York  Colonization  Soci- 
ety, Society  for  tlie  Amelioration  of  the  Condition  of 
the  Jews,  the  House  of  Refuge,  Children's  Aid  Society, 
Home  of  Iha  Friendless.  Nearly  600  persons  ar« 
employed  in  the  Bible  House  when  in  full  operation. 


58  OITT   OF   NEW   YORK. 

COLLEGE  OF  ST.  FRANCIS  XAVIER. 
This  institution,  situated  on  Fifteenth  street,  betweer; 
Fifth  and  Sixth  Avenues,  was  founded  in  1850,  and  in- 
corporated as  a  University  in  180*.  With  its  Grammar 
School  it  contains  about  four  hundred  pupils.  Tho 
library  contains  about  15,000  volumes.  The  Kev.  Jo- 
seph Loyzance  is  president. 

MANHATTAN  COLLEGE. 
This  newly  incorporated   University  is  situated  at 
Manhattanville. 


THEOLOGICAL  INSTITUTIONS. 

THE  UNION  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 
Is  situated  No.  9  University  Place,  between  Waverley 
Place  and  Eighth  street.  The  principal  edifice  com- 
prises four  large  lecture  rooms,  a  chapel,  library  of 
16,000  volumes,  and  studies,  also  other  rooms  for  stu- 
dents. It  has  6  professors,  and  usually  about  100  stu- 
dents.    It  was  founded  in  1836. 

THE  GENERAL  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARY 
Of  the  Episcopal  Church  is  situated  in  Twentieth  street, 
corner  of  Ninth  Avenue,  near  the  Hudson,  two  milea 
from  the  City  Hall.  There  are  two  handsome  buiWinga 
of  stone,  for  the  accommodation  of  professors  and  stu- 
dents. The  Board  of  Trustees  consists  of  all  the  bish- 
ops, and  one  trustee  from  each  diocese  in  the  United 
States.  The  institution  is  well  endowed  and  in  a  flour- 
ishing condition. 


PICTURE  GALLEEIES,  &c. 

THE  ARTISTS'  STUDIO  BUILDING 

la  a  fine  brick  edifice  in  Tenth  street,  near  the  Sixth 
Avenue,  and  occupied  by  artists,  &c. 


^rr/^'-f 


PIOTUKK    OALLEKIKS,  ETC.  59 

THE  NATIONAL  ACADEMY  OF  DESIGN. 

The  new  building  for  the  National  Academy  of  De- 
sign is  one  of  the  most  remarkable  structures  in  the  city. 
Principally  so,  because  it  is  the  most  prominent  example 
thus  far  set  before  the  public,  of  the  effort  now  being 
made  to  revive  the  Gothic  Architecture  of  the  Thir- 
teenth Century  in  its  true  spirit,  and  adapt  it  to  our  own 
circumstances,  materials,  and  necessities.  The  public 
have,  unfortunately,  been  led  to  call  it  Venetian  Gothic ; 
and,  from  its  similarity  in  proportion,  and  the  fact  that 
the  upper  story  is  decorated  with  diagonal  lines  of  color 
introduced  into  the  wall  itself,  and  has  no  windows,  lihat 
it  is  a  copy  of  the  famous  Ducal  Palace.  But  a  careful 
examination,  in  comparison  with  a  good  photograph  of 
that  building,  will  dispel  the  delusion. 

The  carvings  on  the  capitals  of  the  first  and  second 
stories  are  well  worthy  of  careful  examination,  and  are 
more  particularly  remarkable  from  the  fact  that  they 
are  almost  entirely  designed  by  the  men  who  carved 
them,  and  are  the  result  of  careful  study  from  natural 
leaves  and  flowers.  The  work  of  the  architect,  in  con- 
nection with  this  decorative  work,  consisted  principally 
of  instructions  given  to  the  workmen  in  the  art  of  de- 
sign applied  to  their  own  work. 

The  fronts  of  the  building  are  built  of  white  "West- 
chester county  marble,  banded  with  grey-wacke.  The 
ornamental  iron  work  of  the  exterior  is  worthy  of  care- 
ful attention,  being  entirely  wrought  out  on  the  anvil. 
The  main  entrance-gates  are  wonderful  for  their  light- 
ness, careful  finish,  and  strength,  being  the  most  elabo- 
rate piece  of  architectural  wrought-iron  in  this  country. 

The  building  is  finished  throughout  with  white  pine, 
ash,  mahogany,  oak,  and  black  walnut, — no  paint  being 
used,  but  all  the  woods  showing  then-  natural  grain. 

The  grand  staircase  approaching  the  galleries  is  of 
solid  oak,  trimmed  with  walnut,  finished  in  wood  on 
the  under  as  well  as  upper  sides. 

The  interior  accommodations  consist  as  follows :  On 


60  CITY   OF   NEW   YORK. 

the  first  floor  are  the  janitor's  apartments  and  the 
schools,  with  their  appropriate  dressing  rooms.  On  the 
second  story  are  tlie  reading-room,  libraries,  council- 
room,  and  lecture-room,  together  with  necessary  re- 
tiring rooms  and  an  office  for  business.  On  the  third 
story  are  the  grand  central  hall,  four  picture  galleries, 
and  the  sculpture -room.  This  edifice  has  been  erected 
at  a  cost  of  about  $150,000,  under  the  superintendence 
of  the  architect,  P.  B.  Wright,  Esq.,  of  this  city. 

The  annual  exhibitions  of  the  Academy  are  held 
during  the  months  of  April,  May,  June,  and  July, 
during  which  the  building  is  open  to  the  public  for  a 
small  admission  fee.  The  works  of  living  artists  only 
are  exhibited,  and  no  pictures  are  accepted  that  have 
been  previously  exhibited  in  New  York. 

The  exhibition  of  the  Artists'  Fund  Society  is  gener- 
ally held  in  the  galleries  of  the  Academy,  and  takes 
place  in  November  and  December,  annually.  It  is  a 
noble  charity,  devoted  to  the  relief  of  sick  and  poor 
artists. 

THE  INSTITUTE  OF  FINE  ARTS 
Is  situated  at  625  Broadway.    This  is  a  fine  collection  of 
paintings  and  statuary. 


THE  NEW  YORK:  PRESS. 

There  are  about  thirty  daily  papers  published  in  New 
York,  with  an  aggregate  circulation  of  400,000  copies. 
About  two  thirds  of  this  number  are  distributed  in  the 
city,  the  balance  are  sent  by  mail  to  various  parts  of  the 
country.  Most  of  the  oflSces  are  accessible  to  public  in- 
spection during  the  hours  of  2  to  4  o'clock. 

THE  TIMES  OFFICE 

Is  situated  at  the  end  of  Park  Row,  facing  Chatham 

street.      It  is  an  attractive  architectural  ornament  to 

this  active  centre  of  the  printing  business.      In  the 

5* 


OITT    OF   NEW    TOEir.  61 

vicinity  are  the  N.  Y.  Tribune  office,  the  Tract  Society, 
the  Sunday  Times,  the  Sunday  Courier,  the  Mercury, 
and  other  papers.  On  the  Nassau  side  of  the  Times 
building  are  the  Observer,  Scientific  American,  the 
Century,  the  United  States  Journal,  &g.  On  this  ac- 
count this  site  has  been  recently  styled  "Printing 
House  Square." 

The  New  York  Times  building,  erected  during  the 
panic  year,  and  first  occupied  on  the  first  day  of  May, 
1858,  is  a  noble  structure,  constructed  of  stone  and 
iron,  and  perfectly  fireproof;  five  stories  in  height;  the 
walls  a  light  olive-colored  stone,  brought  from  Nova 
Scotia.  Complete  in  all  its  appointments,  this  building 
deserves  especial  mention,  if  for  no  otlier  reason  than 
that  it  is  the  only  newspaper  office  in  the  United  States 
which  combines  within  itself  the  requisites  of  thorough 
fitness  and  the  elegance  of  refined  taste.  Our  readers, 
we  are  assured,  will  be  interested  in  a  description  of 
the  parts  of  this  establishment. 

The  site  is  that  which  was  for  many  years  occupied 
by  the  Old  Brick  Church  (the  Rev.  Dr.  Spring's),  an 
ancient  place  of  worship,  erected  at  the  period  when 
green  fields  adorned  the  space  now  densely  crowded 
with  great  warehouses,  stores,  and  banks;  when  honest 
old  Knickerbockers  held  the  site  of  the  Park  to  be  a 
journey  out  of  town ;  and  where  the  bones  of  early 
residents  of  the  city  were  solemnly  laid  in  earth  that  is 
now  undermined  by  lighted  vaults  and  rendered  vocal 
by  the  ceaseless  clash  of  ponderous  machinery. 

Thus  much  for  the  exterior.  We  descend  into  the 
spacious  vaults  which  run  down  and  out  towards  the 
centre  of  the  square.  The  peculiar  fitness  of  the  loca- 
tion for  the  purposes  of  a  newspaper  establishment  is 
here  displayed  in  perfection.  No  daily  paper  of  circu- 
lation so  large  as  that  of  the  Times  (40,000)  can  dis- 
pense with  the  use  of  Hoe's  lightning  press.  That 
magnificent  piece  of  machinery  is  necessarily  bulky, 
and  requires  ample  space.  The  press-room  vaults  of 
the  Time**  are  of  extraordinary  dimensions,  extending 


62 


THE  NEW   YORK   PRESS. 


around  the  three  fronts  of  the  building,  and  having  the 
following  measurements:  On  Spruce  street,  one  hun- 
dred by  twenty-six  feet ;  on  Park  row,  one  hundred  by 
twenty  feet;  on  Nassau  street,  ninety-five  by  fifteen 
feet,  with  a  uniform  depth  of  twenty-four  feet  below 
the  curb.  These  vaults  are  far  the  finest  ever  con- 
structed in  New  York. 

On  the  Nassau  street  or  easterly  side  are  the  steam 
toilers  and  engine;  on  the  northerly  side,  two  im- 
mense  power-presses,  of  Hoe's  manufacture,  one  ten- 
cylinder  and  one  six-cylinder,  are  placed.  On  the 
Park  row  side  are  the  folding  and  mailing  rooms  and 
the  storerooms  for  paper — the  latter  opening  to  the 
pavement  above  by  means  of  a  huge  movable  vault- 
light,  which  admits  of  the  passage  of  the  largest  reams 
of  paper  required  in  printing.  The  vaults  are  admira- 
bly lighted,  and  an  excellent  ventilation  is  sustained. 

The  various  editorial,  composing,  and  other  oflaces  of 
the  establishment  are  upon  a  most  extended  scale.  The 
cost  of  the  edifice  and  ground,  amounted  to  something 
less  than  $300,000. 

The  New  York  iTerald  OflBce  is  located  on  the  south- 
east corner  of  Broadway  and  Ann  street  (opposite  St. 
Paul's  Church) — a  massive  building  of  wliite  marble, 
and  the  most  elegant  newspaper  office  in  the  world. 
The  Sun  Ofiice  is  on  Park  Row,  corner  of  Frankfort 
street,  on  the  site  of  the  old  Tammany  Hall. 

The  Tribune  Office  is  on  the  northeast  corner  of  Nas- 
sau and  Spruce  streets,  and  the  Evening  Post  on  the 
northwest  corner  of  Nassau  and  Liberty  streets,  opposite 
the  Post  Office.  The  World  Office  is  on  the  northeast 
comer  of  Park  Row  and  Beekman  street.  The  vaults 
of  the  above  papers  are  of  gigantic  proportions,  and  well 
worthy  of  a  vifiit. 


CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


63 


PLACES  OF  AMUSEMENT. 


WALLACK'S  THEATBE 


Is  situated  on  the  comer  of  Broadway  and  13th  street. 
This  popular  and  well-conducted  theatre  is  much  re- 
sorted to  by  the  patrons  of  the  cb-ama.  Great  pains  are 
taken  to  provide  for  the  public  entertainment,  and  the 
result  is  in  most  instances  successfully  attained. 


NIBLO'S  GARDEN 

Is  another  favorite  resort,  and  is  situated  on  Broadway, 
between  Prince  and  Houston  streets,  with  the  entrance 
under  the  Metropolitan  Hotel.  It  is  elegantly  fitted  up, 
and  capable  of  seating  two  thousand  persons,  and  is  gen- 
erally well  filled  with  a  fashionable  audience. 


THE  OLYMPIC  THEATEE, 

At  623  Broadway,  between  Houston  and  Bleecker  streets, 
is  another  fashionable  resort ;  as  is  also 


BOOTH'S  THEATRE. 

This  beautiful  theatre  is  situated  on  the  corner  of 
Twenty-third  street  and  Sixth  Avenue,  entrance  on 
Twenty-third  street. 


64  PLACES   OF   AMIT8EMBNT. 

THE  BOWESY  TTTRATBE, 

Situated  in  the  Bowery,  near  Canal  street,  occupies 
the  site  upon  which  three  theatres  have  been  succes- 
sively burnt  and  rebuilt.  The  present  edifice  is  of  the 
Doric  order  of  architecture.  This  place  of  entertain- 
ment is  usually  celebrated  for  spectacle  and  tlie  broader 
kind  of  humor. 

THE  GBANB  OPERA  HOUSE, 

On  the  northwest  corner  of  Twenty-third  street  and 
Eighth  Avenue,  an  elegant  white  marble  building,  admi- 
rably suited  for  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  built. 

TAMMANY  THEATRE, 

Known  as  the  Alhambra  Palace,  is  in  Fourteenth 
street,  near  the  Academy  of  Music. 

THE  EGYPTIAN  MUSEUM 

Is  located  in  the  New  York  Historical  Society  Building. 
It  contains  several  hundred  relics,  collected  with  great 
care  and  industry  by  the  learned  Dr.  Abbott,  during  a 
residence  of  twenty  years  oh  the  banks  of  tiie  Nile. 
Here  are  to  be  seen  mummied  men  and  quadrupeds,  the 
slates  of  the  school-boys  in  Pharaoh's  time,  and  the  re- 
mains of  the  lamps  that  were  used  to  lighten  the  dark- 
ness of  Egypt.  Many  of  the  objects  here  are  tJiree 
thousand  years  old. 

THE  NEW  YORK  STADT  THEATRE, 

In  the  Bowery,  nearly  opposite  the  Bowery  Theatre, 
is  a  German  Opera  House,  and  has  a  well-selected 
company. 


St     De>.is  Hotel 


65 


ACADEMY  OF  MUSIC, 

On  corner  of  Fourteenth  street  and  Irving  Place,  is  a 
large  and  attractive  building,  well  adapted  for  the  pro- 
duction of  operas,  for  which  it  is  famous. 

WOOD'S  MUSEUM, 

At  No.  1221  Broadway,  near  Thirtieth  street,  is  worthy  of 
a  visit 

BEYANT'S  NEW  OPERA  HOUSE, 

Twenty-third  street,  near  Sixth  avenue,  one  of  the  best 
places  to  while  away  an  hour. 

THE  FIFTH  AVENUE  THEATRE, 

Situated  on  Twenty-fourth  street,  a  few  doors  west 
from  Broadway.  This  place  of  amusement  was  for- 
merly  occupied  by  "  Christy's  Minstrels." 


CARMEN. 

Tlie  pricej  authorized  by  law  for  carmen,  for  ordi- 
nary loads,  within  the  distance  of  half  a  mile,  is  60 
cents ;  if  over  that,  and  within  a  mile,  one  third  more 
may  be  charged ;  for  any  greater  distance,  in  the  same 
proportion.  If  a  carman  charges  beyond  the  legal 
rates,  he  cannot  collect  any  thing  for  his  services ;  but 
Le  is  not  obliged  to  deliver  goods  conveyed  by  him 
oiitil  his  legal  charge  be  paid.  Every  carman  is  re- 
quired to  have  his  number  distinctly  marked  on  his  cart 


HOTELS, 


New  York  is  justly  distinguished  for  the  number  and 
magnificence  of  its  hotels.  On  the  line  of  Broadway 
there  are  upwards  of  25  of  these  stately  and  capacious 
buildings.  In  other  parts  of  the  city  they  no  less 
abound,  although  less  costly  in  their  appointments.  It 
will  be  necessary  to  detail  the  more  important  of  these 
hotels  separately. 


THE  ASTOK  HOUSE, 

The  first  colossal  edifice  of  its  class,  was  built  over  20 
years  ago,  of  solid  granite,  and  although  so  many 
others  have  arisen  since,  this  well-appointed  and  ex- 
tensive establishment  still  retains  its  high  position.  It 
is  capable  of  accommodating  600  guests. 

Several  of  the  hotels  are  conducted  upon  the  Euro- 
pean plan — the  guests  hiring  their  rooms  witli  or  with- 
out board. 


GILSEY  HOUSE, 

New  and  elegant  in  all  its  fittings,  is  situated  corner  of 
Twenty-ninth  street  and  Broadway. 


THE  WESTMINSTEK  HOTEL 

Is  situated  on  the  northwest  corner  of  Irving  place  and 
Sixteenth  street,  and  is  well  arranged  for  families  and 
transient  visitors. 


THE  METKOPOLITAN  HOTEL, 

Situated  on  Broadway,  corner  of  Prince  street,  is  built 
of  brown  stone,  and  is  six  stories  in  height.  The  cost 
of  this  building  and  ground  was  upwards  of  $800,000. 
It  is  furnished  throughout   in   the  most  splendid  and 


CIT1    OF   NEW    YOKE.  67 

costly  style,  having  all  the  accommodations  and  con- 
veniences that  the  most  luxurious  taste  could  devise. 
The  entire  establishment  is  heated  by  steam,  and  has 
a  ventilating  pi-ocess.  The  cost  of  the  interior  decora- 
tions and  furniture  has  been  estimated  at  about  $200,000; 
making  the  whole  investment  in  this  superb  establish- 
ment, one  million  of  dollars.  It  is  stated  that  the  water 
and  gas  pipes,  which  are  carried  throughout  all  the 
apartments  of  this  mammoth  hotel,  measure  12  miles; 
and  there  are  13,000  yards  of  carpeting  spread  over  its 
400  or  500  rooms,  which,  with  the  superb  drapery,  cost 
$40,000;  the  furniture,  $50,000;  the  mirrors  (including 
some  of  the  largest  ever  imported),  $18,000 ;  the  silver- 
ware, $14,000 — not  to  mention  other  items. 

THE  ST.  NICHOLAS, 

Occupying  about  300  feet  on  Broadway,  corner  of 
Spring  St.,  stands  a  monument  of  architectural  beauty, 
of  the  Corintliian  order  and  of  marble.  The  immense 
fufade^  six  stories  high,  is  of  surpassing  elegance.  It 
was  erected  in  1854,  at  a  cost  of  over  a  million  of  dol- 
lars. "Within  the  portico  of  the  main  entrance,  support- 
ed by  four  Corinthian  pillars  with  rich  capitals,  the 
spectator  looks  down  a  columned  vista  two  hundred 
feet  in  length  and  averaging  sixty  feet  in  width.  Tho 
npper  part  of  the  house,  reached  by  a  massive  staircase 
of  polished  oak,  is  divided  into  three  sections  commu- 
nicating by  corridors,  and  contains  six.  hundred  rooms. 
On  the  second  and  tliird  floors  are  one  hundred  suites 
of  apartments.  The  three  largest  dining-rooms  com- 
fortably accommodate  six  hundred  guests.  The  pub- 
lic rooms  and  chambers  are  decorated  and  furnished 
in  the  most  sumptuous  style,  while  the  immense  corri- 
dors are  carpeted  entire  with  the  richest  tapestry  fab- 
rics, rendering  the  step  inaudible,  and  lighted  by  mag- 
nificent chandeliers  and  candelabras  placed  at  short  in- 
tervals throughout  their  whole  extent.  The  fourth, 
fifth,  and  sixth  floors  are  devoted  to  private  parlors, 
chambers,  and  single  rooms.     The   original   disburse- 


68  HOTELS. 

meut  for  mirrors  amounted  to  $40,000,  and  the  service 
of  silver  ware  and  Sheffield  plate  cost  $50,000.  What- 
ever ornament  wealth  could  purchase  or  skill  produce 
has  been  lavished  upon  this  palatial  structure,  in  which 
one  thousand  guests  may  enjoy  all  of  the  comforts  and 
luxuries  of  life. 

From  tlie  telegraph  office  in  the  bar-room,  messages 
may  be  transmitted  to  almost  any  part  of  tlie  Union. 
More  than  three  Imndred  waiters  are  in  attendance. 
The  hotel  is  lighted  by  gas.  The  daily  expenses  of  the 
St.  Nicholas  are  $1,500.  As  a  security  against  fire  the 
entire  establishment  can  be  deluged  with  water  in  five 
minutes. 

THE  PSESCOTT  HOUSE 

Occupies  the  opposite  corner  of  Spring  street,  being 
Nos.  529  and  531  Broadway.  The  hotel  was  so  named 
in  honor  of  the  celebrated  American  historian.  It  is 
built  of  brick  with  quaintly  wrought  stone  work  about 
the  windows.  The  spacious  triple-columned  and  highly 
ornamented  entrance  hall  is  one  of  the  finest  in  the 
country. 

A  building  of  sixty  rooms  has  lately  been  added  to  the 
Hotel,  which  is  now  capable  of  accommodating  upwards 
of  three  hundred  guests  with  eveiy  comfort.  The  Hotel 
now  has  all  the  modern  improvements,  including  a 
steam  elevator,  etc. 

The  floors  of  the  principal  rooms  and  halls  are  cov- 
ered with  tiles  of  various  rich  colors,  arranged  in  a 
carpet-like  pattern,  which  contrast  beautifully  with  the 
white  and  gold  of  the  walls  and  ceilings. 

THE  CLABENDOB 

Is  another  elegant  establishment  on  the  corner  of  Fourtb 
Avenue  and  Eighteenth  street,  in  the  vicinity  of  Union 
and  Gramercy  Park.  This  hotel  is  divided  into  suites 
of  apartments,  with  all  the  modern  improvefnents  and 
adornments  of  taste.  It  is  of  the  Elizabethan  order  oi 
architecture,  and  cost  $80,000. 


OITT   OF  NEW   TORK,  Q8A 

BRANSBETH  HOUSE, 

Corner  of  Broadway,  Canal,  and  LLspenard  Streets, 
18  located  in  the  most  central  part  of  Broadway,  and 
all  parts  of  the  city  can  be  reached  by  city  cars  and 
omnibuses  constantly  passing  the  door.  The  rooms  are 
elegantly  furnished — many  of  them  in  suites  of  com- 
municating parlors  and  chambers,  suitable  for  families 
and  parties  travelling  together.  Being  kept  on  the 
European  plan,  guests  may  live  in  the  most  economical 
or  luxTirious  manner.  Meals  served  at  all  hours  at  the 
shortest  notice.  The  attention  of  merchants  visiting  the 
city  is  particularly  called  to  this  hotel,  as  it  is  situated 
on  Broadway,  in  the  very  centre  of  the  wholesale,  job- 
bing, and  retail  business  of  New  York,  and  can  be 
reached  by  omnibus  or  city  cars  from  all  the  steamboat 
landings  and  railway  depots.     Wm.  J.  Kerr,  Proprietor. 

GRAMERCY  PARK  HOUSE, 
Is  another  first-class  edifice,  of  colossal  proportions, 
between  20th  and  21st  streets,  facing  the  delightful 
shrubbery  of  a  beautiful  inclosure  called  Gramercy 
Park,  from  whence  the  house  derives  its  name.  This 
is  one  of  the  largest  hotels  in  the  city,  built  of  substan- 
tial brown  stone,  and  in  one  of  the  most  aristocratic 
localities  of  Gotham.  In  its  internal  arrangements  it  is 
unsurpassed,  and  contains  spacious  accommodations  for 
six  to  eight  hundred  guests.  Those  who  may  be  so 
fortunate  as  to  select  this  hotel  during  their  residence 
in  the  city,  will  find  its  kind  and  courteous  proprietors, 
Messrs.  Judson  &  Ely,  ever  ready  to  contribute  to  their 
comfort  and  enjoyment. 

HOFFMAN  HOUSE, 
Is  another  elegant  establishment  on  the  comer  of 
Broadway  and  25th  street,  and  opposite  Madison 
Square.  This  hotel  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  in  the 
city,  and  none  who  visit  New  York  should  fail  to  see 
it.  It  is  built  of  white  marble,  and  conducted  on  the 
European  plan.  It  has  a  capacity  for  about  350  guests, 
•with  superior  accommodations,  and  is  extensively 
patronized  by  the  "  Upper  Ten."     Its  situation  is  in  a 


6dB  HOTELS. 

delightful  part  of  the  city,  and  is  a  central  location  for 
all  of  the  Eastern  and  Northern  railroads,  and  forms  a 
most  eligible  and  convenient  stopping-place  for  travel- 
lers, while  the  cool  and  delightful  square  opposite  forms 
an  attractive  feature  to  all. 

THE  GRAND  HOTEL, 

Comer  of  Broadway  and  31st  street.  By  a  glance  at 
tlie  city  map,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  central  locality  of 
this  large  and  pleasant  hotel  secures  ready  communica- 
tion, by  railroad  and  stage,  with  all  the  most  desirable 
parts  of  the  city — from  the  Battery  to  Central  Park. 
This  entire  establishment  has  lately  been  thoroughly 
renovated  throughout,  and  furnished  with  accommoda- 
tions that  cannot  fail  of  giving  satisfaction  to  the  most 
fastidious. 

THE  BELVIDERE  HOUSE, 
Occupies  the  northwest  corner  of  Irvin?  Place  and  Fif- 
teenth street,  opposite  the  Academy  of  Music  and  Irving 
Hall.  The  hotel  has  been  rebuilt  upon  the  most  im- 
proved European  plan,  and  contains,  on  a  large  scale,  all 
those  conveniences  for  the  comfort  of  families  and  the 
travelling  public,  for  which  the  Belvidere  House  has  been 
famous  for  a  number  of  yeart.  The  Restaurant  is  always 
supplied  with  delicacies  of  every  season. 
UNION  SQUARE  HOTEL, 
Corner  15th  street  and  Union  Square,  A.  J.  Dam,  pro- 
prietor. The  location  of  this  house  is  one  of  the  most 
pleasant  in  the  city.  Fine  suites  of  rooms,  handsomely 
furni.shed,  for  the  accommodation  of  transient  as  well  as 
permanent  boarders.  This  house  is  kept  on  the  old  plan 
of  the  regular  table  d^  hote,  and  connected  with  it  is  a  first- 
class  restaurant. 

IRVING  HOUSE, 
U  a  first-class  hotel,  conducted  on  the  European  plan, 
at  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  12th  street.  Accommo- 
dations for  families  or  transient  guests.  The  location  is 
unsurpassed,  being  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  A.  T. 
Stewart's  new  store,  Wallack's  Theatre,  etc.,  and  near 
th«  Union  Square.     Geo.  W.  Hunt,  Proprietor. 


OITX    OF   NEW    YORK. 


ST.  DENIS  HOTEL. 


69 


Opposite  Grace  Church,  and  only  three  blocks  below 
Union  Square  and  the  Academy  of  Music,  is  the  St. 
Denis  Motel.  It  is  architecturally  one  of  the  hand- 
somest buildings  on  Broadway,  occupying  seventy-six 
feet  on  tliat  thoroughfore,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty 
on  Eleventh  street.  Besides  parlors,  reception-rooms, 
and  reading-rooms,  the  St.  Denis  contains  over  one 
hundred  and  fifty  Avell  lighted  and  ventilated  apartments. 
The  hotel  is  kept  on  the  European  plan,  aud  like  the 
Prescott  is  the  frequent  resort  of  wealthy  and  distin- 
guished foreigners.  The  "  up  town "  location  of  the 
St.  Denis  is  on  the  most  fashionable  part  of  Broadway. 

THE  EVERETT  HOUSE, 

Located  on  the  north  side  of  Union  Square  and  Seven- 
teenth street,  from  its  position  is,  like  the  Clarendon,  a 
convenient  and  deliglitful  j^lace  for  visitors,  being  not 
only  in  the  fashionable  part  of  the  city,  but  also  con 
tiguous  to  the  cars,  stages,  &c. 

GRAND  CENTRAL  HOTEL. 

In  Broadway,  facing  Bond  street,  is  a  magnificent 
structure,  with  a  frontage  of  150  feet  and  depth  of  200 
feet,  eight  stories  high,  and  built  of  marble.  It  was 
formerly  the  "  Southern  Hotel,"  but  has  been  greatly 
enlarged  and  improved,  having  six  hundred  rooms,  cap- 
able of  accommodating  fifteen  hundred  people. 

THE  NEW  YORK  HOTEL, 

Broadway,  extending  from  Washington  to  Waverley 
Place,  is  another  large  and  fashionable  house,  and  ad- 
mirable in  all  its  departments. 

THE  BREVOORT  HOUSE, 

On  the  Fifth  Avenue,  corner  of  Eighth  street,  is  a  no- 


70  HOTELS. 

ble  and  spacious  Hotel,  fitted  up  in  elegant  style,  and 
being  on  the  ^reat  avenue  of  fashion,  commands  a  fine 
view  of  the  beau  monde. 

THE  FIFTH  AVENUE  HOTEL, 
Darling,  Griswold  &  Co.,  proprietors,  is  an  object  of 
special  note.  In  addition  to  its  beautiful  site — being 
opposite  to  the  shrubbery  of  Madison  Square — it 
stretches  its  facades  of  white  marble  down  Twenty-' 
third  and  Twenty-fourth  streets,  both  equally  known  \ 
as  among  the  most  aristocratic  of  our  thorouglifares. 
In  its  internal  arrangements,  it  is  unsurpassed — fur- 
nishing entire  accommodation  for  eiglit  hundred 
gnests,  and  containing  more  than  one  hundred  suites 
of  apartments,  each  combining  the  conveniences  and 
luxury  of  parlor,  chamber,  dressing,  and  bathing 
rooms.  All  the  rooms,  besides  being  well  lighted  and 
ventilated,  will  have  means  of  access  by  a  perpendicu- 
lar railway — intersecting  each  story — in  addition  to  the 
broad  and  capacious  corridors  and  stairways,  indepen- 
dent of  the  ordinarv  and  usual  approaches  from  floor 
to  floor. 

As  to  location,  tl'is  hotel  is  much  nearer  the  termini 
of  the  Eastern  and  Northern  Railroads  than  others  fur- 
ther down  town,  and  from  the  evidence  of  the  marcli 
of  improvement,  it  must  continue  to  be  the  centre  of 
civilization  for  many  years  to  come.  It  will  be  the 
most  eligible  for  Southerners,  not  only  as  a  transient 
Ktopping-place  en  route,  but  as  a  delightful  home  during 
those  periods  devoted  to  summer  recreation. 

THE  ALSEKARLE, 

Another  very  elegant  hotel,  is  situated  at  the  corner  o 
Broadway  and  24th  street. 


,  i  ■^iy:"''  f^^, 


^fe^^  ^  i  -ill 


OITT    OF   NKW    YORK.  71 


THE  CHUECHES  OF  NEW  YORK. 


It  is  estimated  that  there  are  about  300  churches  in 
New  York;  many  of  them  being  of  great  elegance. 
We  annex  brief  notices  of  the  more  prominent  and 
noteworthy. 

TEINITY  CHUBCH. 

Fronting  Wall  street,  with  its  portals  invitingly  open 
every  day  in  the  year,  stands  Trinity  Church,  a  beauti- 
ful tera[)le  of  worship,  in  strange  contiguity  with  the 
busy  marts  where  "  merchants  most  do  congregate." 
It  is  the  third  edifice  of  the  kind  erected  upon  the  spot, 
the  first  having  been  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  ot 
1776.  This  fine  gothic  structure  was  completed  in 
1846,  having  been  seven  years  in  building,  under  the 
careful  superintendence  of  Mr.  Upjohn,  the  architect. 
The  church  is  192  feet  in  length,  80  in  breadth,  and  60 
in  height.  The  interior  will  richly  repay  examination. 
Among  many  relics  there  carefully  preserved,  is  an 
elaborate  chancel  service  of  silver,  presented  to  the 
corporation  by  Queen  Anne. 

The  steeple  towers  up  284  feet  in  height;  the  wall.-i 
of  the  church  are  nearly  50  feet  high,  and  the  whole 
edifice,  both  as  to  its  exterior  and  interior,  is  regard- 
ed by  most  persons  as  the  most  elegant  and  cathedral- 
like of  the  churches  of  the  city.  Do  not  forget  to  as- 
cend the  steeple  to  get  a  panoramic  view  of  the  city. 

The  grave-yard  of  Old  Trinity  occupies  nearly  an 
entire  block.  Within  it  are  the  venerated  tombs  of 
Alexander  llamilton,  the  statesman  and  friend  of 
Washington  ;  the  heroic  commander  Lawrence,  and 
many  other  illustrious  public  men. 


72  CHUBOHES. 

Adjoining  Trinity  buildings,  and  a  few  feet  from 
Broadway,  stands  the  monumental  tribute  of  the  Cor- 
poration of  Trinity  Church  to  the  honored.  "  Sugar 
House  Martyrs."  Of  finely  cut  and  ornamented  brown 
stone,  it  presents  a  graceful  appearance,  while  it  at- 
tracts the  especial  interest  of  every  American  patriot 
from  the  fact,  that  the  ground  immediately  under  and 
around  it,  is  rich  with  the  ashes  of  our  Revolutionary 
fathers. 

ST.  PAUL'S  CHAPEL, 

The  third  Episcopal  church  established  in  the  city,  was 
erected  in  1766.  It  stands  between  Fulton  and  Vesey 
streets,  opposite  the  N.  Y,  Herald.  The  length  ol 
Ihe  edifice  is  151  feet,  and  the  width  73  feet.  The 
steeple  is  203  feet  high. 

On  the  front,  in  a  niche  of  red  sandstone,  in  the 
centre  of  a  large  pediment  supported  by  four  Ionic 
columns,  is  a  white  marble  statue  of  St.  Paul,  leaning 
(m  a  sword.  Also  in  the  front  part  of  the  niche  there  is 
inserted  a  slab  of  white  marble,  bearing  an  inscription 
to  the  memory  of  General  Montgomery,  who  fell  at 
Quebec  during  the  Revolution,  and  whose  remains  were 
I'emoved  to  New  York  by  order  of  the  State  in  1818. 
At  the  lower  side  of  the  church,  facing  Broadway, 
is  an  obelisk  of  white  marble,  erected  in  honor  of 
Thomas  Addis  Emmet,  the  Irish  patriot  and  barrister, 
who  died  here  in  1827.  The  inscriptions  are  in  Latin, 
Irish,  and  English. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHAPEL 

^Episcopal).  This  is  one  of  the  associate  churchefl 
of  the  Trinity  Corporation.  It  is  located  opposite 
the  Hudson  River  R.  R.  Freight  Depot.  It  is  not 
modern  in  style,  but  yet  a  very  noble  looking  edifice. 
It  is  built  of  sandstone,  and  is  very  spacious,  measur- 
ing 132  feet  by  80.  It  has  a  deep  portico  in  front, 
formed  by  a  pediment  and  four  massive  columns. 


Chuech  of  the  Ascension,  5th  Avenu 


OITT    OF   NE^    YORK. 


73 


In  all  the  ancient  cliarches  of  New  York  city,  the 
plan  of  a  collegiate  charge  was  the  rule.  Tiie  ancient 
Episcopal  chnrch  of  the  city  was  established  on  this 
basis.  Trinity  church  was  considered  the  parish 
church,  and  had  a  collegiate  charge  ;  St.  George's,  St. 
John's,  and  St.  Paul's  were  called  "  Chapels."  St. 
George's  is  now  a  distinct  charge,  but  the  other  two 
are  still  collegiate. 

ST.  MARK'S  CHURCH 

(Episcopal),  situate  in  Stuyvesant  street,  to  the  east  of 
the  Bowery,  was  built  in  its  present  form  in  1826. 

The  steeple  is  lofty,  but  somewhat  venerable  in 
appearance,  wliich  is  indeed  tlie  character  of  the  en- 
tire structure.  The  church  is  venerable  also  on  account 
of  its  historic  associations ;  it  stands  on  what  was  the 
estate  of  Petrus  Stuyvesant,  the  last  of  the  Dutch 
governors,  and  his  remains  rest  in  a  vault  under  the 
church,  over  which,  on  the  east  side,  is  a  tablet  indi- 
cating tlie  fact.  Here  also  repose  the  mortal  remains 
of  the  English  governor,  Col.  Sloughter,  and  those  of 
the  American  governor,  Tompkins.  The  Rev.  Dr. 
Vinton  is  the  present  minister. 

ST.  GEORGE'S  CHURCH 

(Episcopal).  This  spacious  and  elegant  structure,  the 
most  capacious  ecclesiastical  edifice  in  tlie  city,  is 
situated  in  East  Sixteenth  street,  ojiposite  Stuyvesant 
Square.  It  was  erected  in  1849,  and  for  architectural 
beauty  is  entitled  to  the  first  rank  among  the  religious 
edifices  of  New  York.  Its  imposing  exterior,  and  vast 
interior,  unsupported  by  any  visible  columns,  either  to 
roof  or  gallery,  impart  to  it  a  fine  efi'ect.  Its  architecture 
is  of  the  Byzantine  order ;  its  length  170  feet  by  94 
in  width.  Its  entire  cost  $250,000,  The  adjoining  rec- 
tory cost  $20,000,  and  the  chapel  $10,000.     The  ground 


74  0HUE0HE8. 

npon  which  the  church  stands  was  given  by  the  late 
Peter  G.  Stuyvesant.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Tyng  is  Rector. 
The  interior  of  this  splendid  church  was  onth'ely  de- 
stroyed by  fire,  supposed  to  be  the  work  of  an  incen- 
diary, during  the  latter  part  of  1865,  entailing  a  very 
heavy  loss  on  the  society,  as  it  was  but  partially  insured. 
The  fine  towers  of  red  sandstone  were,  however,  left 
intact  and  uninjured,  as  were  also  the  massive  walls  of 
tlie  building.  The  interior  was  accordingly  rebuilt,  and 
the  edifice  now  surpasses,  in  its  internal  appointments, 
even  its  former  elegance. 

TRINITY  CHAPEL 

(Episcopal),  situated  on  Twenty-fifth  street,  near  Broad 
way,  and  extending  from  Twenty-fifth  to  Twenty-sixth 
street,  is  a  spacious  and  elegant  edifice,  erected  by  the 
Trinity  Church  Corporation,  and  cost  $260,000.  The 
length  of  the  building  is  180  feet;  width,  54  feet.  The 
inside  walls  are  of  Caen  stone;  the  windows  are  ot 
richly  stained  glass,  and  the  ceiling  painted  blue,  with 
gilt  ornaments.  The  floors  are  tiled  ;  and  the  seats  are 
movable  benches,  as  in  the  cathedrals  of  the  Continent. 

6BACE  CHURCH 

(Episcopal).  This  superb  edifice,  the  most  ornate  of 
the  ecclesiastical  buildings  of  New  York,  is  located  in 
Broadway,  near  Tenth  street,  and  commands  a  fine 
view  of  the  great  avenue  of  the  city,  north  and  south. 
The  lofty  spiral  and  richly  decorated  steeple  is  an  object 
of  universal  admiration.  There  is  one  large  and  two 
less  sized  doors  in  front.  Over  the  main  entrance  is  a 
circular  window  of  stained  glass,  and  two  tall,  oblong 
windows  in  each  side  of  the  upper  section  of  the  tower. 
"Within  is  a  grand  array  of  pillars,  carved  work,  and 
upwards  of  forty  windows  of  stained  glass,  each  giving 
different  hues  of  vision.  There  is  a  little  too  much  of 
theatrical  glitter  in  the  interior,  to  comport  with  the 
chastened  solemnities  of  religious    worship.     It  was 


IPH 


Ds.    Alexandeu's  Ouuucu. 


CITY   OF   NEW    TOKK. 


75 


built  in  1845.  Mr.  Kenwick  was  the  aicliitect.  The 
cost  of  the  building  was  $145,000.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Pot- 
ter is  the  present  rector. 

THE  FIRST  BAPTIST  CHURCH, 

Corner  of  Broome  and  Elizabeth  streets,  was  erected 
in  1811.  It  measures  99  by  75  feet,  and  70  in  height, 
is  of  the  Gothic  order,  built  of  rough  stone,  with  the 
lintels,  cornices,  and  battlements  of  brown  sandstone. 
It  was  constructed  during  the  pastorate  of  the  late  Dr. 
Spencer  H.  Cone. 

THE  DUTCH  BEFOBMEB  CHTTBCH, 

Situate  on  Fourth  street  and  Lafayette  Place,  was  built 
in  1839.  It  measures  110  feet  long  by  75  wide;  it  cost 
$160,000.  Its  exterior  is  very  good,  but  its  interior  is 
characterized  by  simple  elegance.  The  pulpit  is  of 
white  marble.  The  Collegiate  Dutch  Church  is  one  of 
the  oldest  establishments  of  the  kind  in  the  city.  As- 
sociated with  this  Church  Association  are  the  "  North 
Church,"  in  Fulton  street;  the  new  and  elegant  Church 
in  Fifth  Avenue,  corner  of  Twenty-ninth  street;  the 
Ninth  Street  Church,  and  that  we  have  just  described, 
on  Lafayette  Place.  Tiie  venerable  Dr.  De  Witt  and 
others  are  the  officiating  clergymen. 

THE  DUTCH  EEFORMED  CHUECH, 

Situate  on  the  east  side  of  Washington  Square,  was 
erected  in  1840,  of  rough  granite.  It  is  in  the  Gothic 
style,  with  a  large  centre  window,  and  two  towers. 
Its  interior  is  very  finished  and  eiFective,  especially  the 
ornamental  carved  work  of  the  organ,  pulpit,  &c.  The 
entire  cost  of  the  edifice  was  $125,000.  The  Rev.  Dr. 
Hutton  has  long  been  the  minister. 

ST.  PATRICK'S  CATHEDRAL 

(Roman  Catholic),  on  the  corner  of  Prince  and  Mott 
streets,  was  erected  in  1815.     This  building,  although 


70  OHTTROHES. 

not  of  much  architectural  beauty,  is  very  spacious,  It 
being  nearly  160  feet  in  length  by  80  in  width.  The 
rear  of  the  church  is  ornamented  with  Gothic  windows. 
The  interior  presents  an  imposing  eifect,  the  ceiling  be- 
ing very  lofty,  from  which  spring  large  pillars,  on 
which  are  lamps  pendant.  It  will  accommodate  2000 
persons. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  HOLY  BEDEEMER, 

A  new  German  Catholic  Church,  on  Third  street,  near 
Avenue  A,  is  a  very  costly  and  elegant  structure.  The 
spire  is  265  feet  high,  and  the  edifice  is  of  the  Byzan- 
tine order.  It  is  a  most  ornamental  churcli,  as  to  its 
interior,  having^  richly  stained  windows,  broad  aisles, 
marble  columns,'  lofty  roof,  richly  decorated,  and  a  mag- 
nificent altar,  with  confessionals,  &c.  It  is  estimated 
at  over  $100,000. 

FIRST  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH, 

On  the  Fifth  Avenue,  between  Eleventh  and  Twelfth 
streets,  is  a  fine  stone  building,  measuring  119  feet  by 
80;  the  height  of  the  tower  being  160  feet.  It  cost 
$75,000. 

THE  CONGREGATIONAL  CHURCH, 

Corner  of  Thirty-fourth  street  and  Si.xth  Avenue,  is  a 
new  and  beautiful  edifice,  very  spacious  and  imposing 
in  its  aspect.  Its  style  is  Gothic,  and  the  interior  deco- 
rations are  in  excellent  keeping.  The  organ-screen 
and  pulpit  present  exquisite  specimens  of  carved  worli. 
The  Kev.  Dr.  Thompson  is  the  minister. 

THE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH, 

On  Madison  Avenue,  facing  the  Square,  is  another  brown 
stone  church,  exceedingly  neat  in  style.  Rev.  Dr. 
Adams  is  the  minister. 


F  1 1:  b  T    i ' 


,  L  s  i;  V  .  L 


111     AV  LS  L  K. 


CITY   OF   NEW   YORK.  77 

THE  BRICK  CHURCH 

(Presbyterian),  situate  on  the  corner  of  Thirty-seventh 
street  and  Fifth  Avenue,  is  a  spacious  brick  ediiice,  with 
lofty  spire.    Rev.  Dr.  Spring  is  the  minister. 

ST.  PAUL'S  M.  E.  CHURCH, 

On  Fourth  Avenue,  corner  of  Twenty-second  street,  is 
a  new  magnificent  edifice,  built  of  marble,  in  the  Ro- 
manesque style.  Its  entire  length  is  146  feet,  by  77 , 
the  height  of  the  spire  is  210  feet.  The  cost  of  the 
church,  parsonage,  &c.,  is  estimated  at  $130,000. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  MESSIAH, 

(Unitarian),  of  which  the  Rev.  G.  H.  Hepworth,  is 
minister,  is  situated  on  the  comer  of  34th  street  and 
Park  Avenue. 

THE  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH, 

On  the  junction  of  Tenth  street  and  University  Place, 
is  a  neat  stone  edifice,  measuring  116  feet  by  65,  exclu- 
sive of  a  lectitre-room  in  the  rear,  72  feet  by  25.  There 
is  a  fine  Gothic  window  over  the  principal  entrance. 
The  tower  is  184  feet  in  height.  The  cost  of  this 
church  was  $56,000.  Rev.  Dr.  Kellogg  is  the  minister. 

THE  FOURTH  UNIVERSALIST  CHURCH. 

This  is  the  Rev.  Dr.  Chapiu's.  Situated  on  the  corner 
of  Fifth"  Avenue  and  Forty-fifth  street.  The  main  build- 
ing is  80  feet  by  100.  Gothic  style.  It  has  a  frontage, 
including  the  towers,  of  95  feet,  and  the  towers  are  185 
feet  high.  The  height  of  the  main  building  is  90  feet. 
The  basement  for  Sunday-school,  lecture-room,  etc.,  ex- 
tends over  the  entire  church,  and  is  11  feet  in  height. 
The  entire  cost  of  the  church  and  ground  is  estimated 
at  $170,000. 


78  0HUK0HE8. 

CHUBCH  OF  THE  HOLY  COMMUNION 

(Episcopal),  on  the  corner  of  Twentieth  street  and  Sixth 
Avenue,  is  a  singular-looking  building  of  brown  stone, 
in  the  form  of  a  cross.  Its  extreme  length  is  104  feet, 
by  66  in  width.  The  turret  on  the  south  corner  is  70 
feet  in  height.  The  interior  is  novel  and  imposing, 
although  divested  of  ornament.  It  is,  strictly  speak- 
ing, the  only  free  Episcopal  Church  of  its  class,  in  the 
upper  part  of  the  city.  Strangers  can  enter  the  church 
with  perfect  freedom,  and  seat  themselves  in  any  part 
of  it.  There  is  a  great  want  of  other  accommodations 
of  this  class.  Will  not  some  one  of  our  wealthy  citi- 
zens (while  living  we  should  prefer)  endow  another 
truly  Free  Episcopal  Church  like  this?  It  would  be 
an  enduring  monument  of  Christian  liberality  to  such 
a  spirit.     Rev.  Dr.  Lawrence  is  the   rector. 

FIFTH  AVENUE  PRESBYTEEIAN  CHURCH, 

On  the  corner  of  Nineteenth  street  and  Fifth  Avenue, 
erected  in  1853,  is  another  of  the  elegant  religious  edi- 
fices which  adorn  the  city.  Its  cost  is  estimated  at 
nearly  $90,000.     Rev.  Dr.  Hall  is  the  minister. 

THE  FRENCH  CHURCH 

The  congregation  of  the  French  Church,  styled  Eglise 
du  St.  Esprit,  has  removed  from  Franklin  street,  cor- 
ner of  Church,  to  22d  street,  between  Fifth  and  Sixth 
Avenues.  The  new  church  is  Gothic,  and  very  elegant. 
It  will  seat  about  one  thousand  persons.  The  rector  is 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Verren. 

JEWS'  SYNAGOGUES. 

There  are  upwards  of  a  dozen  Synagogues  in  this 
city.     The  most  notable  are  the  following: 

Shaa,rai  TepMla  (Gates  of  Prayer),  No.  112  Wooster 
street,  near  Prince  street,  and 


CITY  OP  NEW  YORK.  78 

JEWISH  TEMPLE, 
Comer  Fifth  avenue  and  Forty-tliird  street 
CALVARY  CHURCH 

(Episcopal),  on  the  corner  of  Fourth  Avenue  and  21st 
street,  was  erected  in  1847,  at  the  cost  of  $80,000.  It 
presents  a  picturesque  appearance,  being  built  of  brown 
stone.  The  interior  is  very  spacious  and  cathedral-like. 
Adjoining  the  church  is  the  rectory,  also  in  the  Gothio 
style. 

THE  NEW  ST.  PATRICK'S  CATHEDRAL, 

On  the  Fifth  Avenue  and  50th  street,  now  in  process 
of  erection,  will,  when  finished,  become  the  crowning 
architectural  ornament  of  the  city. 

CHURCH  OF  ALL  SOULS 

(Unitarian),  corner  of  Fourth  Avenue  and  20th  street, 
is  an  eccentric  and  remarkable  edifice,  being  built  in 
the  style  of  the  Italian  churches  of  the  middle  ages,  of 
brick  and  delicate  cream-colored  stone  in  alternate 
courses.  Adjoining  the  church,  on  20th  street,  is  the 
parsonage.  Included  in  the  design  is  to  be  a  spire,  or 
campanile,  300  feet  high.  The  Kev.  Dr.  Bellows  is  the 
minister. 

TH£  TABERNACLE  CHURCH 

(Baptist),  in  Second  Avenue,  near  10th  street,  adjoin- 
ing the  Historical  Society's  building,  is  another  Gothio 
edifice  of  much  beauty  and  architectural  attraction. 


80  BLEOANT   PRIVATE   RESIDENCES. 


ELEGAKT  PKIYATE  EESIDENCES. 

In  order  to  form  any  adequate  idea  of  the  progress 
and  opulence  of  New  York,  the  visitor  should  not  omit 
to  visit  the  Fifth  Avenue,  the  great  centre  of  wealth 
and  fashion.  In  other  sections  of  the  city  are  to  be 
seen  numerous  costly  private  mansions,  such  as  Lafa- 
yette Place,  St.  Mark's  Place,  Washington  Square,  Gra- 
mercy  Park,  Madison  Park,  Union  Square,  and  the  sev- 
eral streets  that  intersect  the  upper  portions  of  the 
metropolis.  Passing  into  the  Fifth  Avenue  from  Wash- 
ington Square,  we  meet  at  the  junction  of  Ninth  street 
a  stately  edifice,  once  the  residence  of  the  late  Henry 
Brevoort.  Diagonally  opposite  to  this,  on  the  corner 
of  8th  street,  is  the  Brevoort  House,  a  first-class  family 
hotel  ou  a  large  scale.  On  the  corner  of  Tenth  street 
is  a  house  in  the  style  of  a  French  chateau,  the  prop 
erty  of  Mr.  SchiflF. 

On  the  southeast  corner  of  Fifteenth  street,  is  the 
■junerb  establishment  formerly  occupied  by  Mr.  Haight, 
but  now  the  headquarters  of  the  New  York  Club. 
Directly  opposite,  the  Manhattan  Club  have  their  rooms. 
This  building  was  at  one  time  the  private  residence  of 
Mr.  Benkard.  Turning  to  the  corner  of  Sixteenth 
street,  to  the  left,  may  be  seen  the  elegant  mansion  of 
Col.  Thorne,  to  be  distinguished  by  its  ample  court-yard. 

On  the  right-hand  corner  of  16th  street  is  the  stately 
mansion  of  Mr.  Lorillard  Spencer,  which  is  said  to  have 
cost  $100,000.  At  the  northeast  corner  of  18th  street 
may  be  seen  Mr.  Belmont's  elegant  house ;  and  on  the 
northwest  corner  of  20th  street  is  the  residence  of 
E.  L.  Stuart,  Esq.  At  the  northwest  corner  of  34th 
street  and  Fifth  Avenue  is  to  be  seen  perhaps  the  most 
sumptuous  private  mansion  in  the  city — that  of  A. 
T.  Stewart.  It  contains  a  very  clioice  gallery  of 
paintings.    The  private  residence  of  W.  B.  Astor,  Esq. 


^^r.^rr.^-^% 


bu-Tii   A' 


KE.N'lil     ^TKKK', 


CITT  OF  NEW  YOKK.  81 

on  Fifth  Aveuue  and  33(1  street,  is  another  magnificent 
edifice.  There  are  numerous  other  superb  buildings 
that  we  have  not  indicated,  along  the  line  of  this  avenue 
and  elsewhere,  which  deserve  a  separate  notice,  but  this 
oui-  limits  forbid. 

THE  BLOSSOM  CLUB 
Have  their  rooms  at  129  Fifth  Avenue. 


AMERICAN  JOCKEY  CLUB. 
Headquarters  are  at  920  Broadway. 

THE  UNION  CLUB, 

On  comer  of  Fifth  Aveuue  and  22d  street,  is  one  of  the 
most  splendid  structures  in  the  city.  It  measures 
about  50  feet  by  100,  is  built  in  superb  style  of  brown 
stone,  and  cost  about  $300,000. 

THE  NEW  YORK  CHESS  CLUB 

Have  their  rooms  in  the  K  Y.  University.  It  numbers 
about  80  members.  Initiation  fee,  $5.  Subscription, 
$10  per  annum. 

THE  CENTURY  CLUB 

Have  their  rooms  at  109  East  15th  street 

THE  TRAVELLERS'  CLUB 

Is  situated  at  233  Fifth  Avenue,  between  26th  and  27th 
streets. 

THE  MANHATTAN  CLUB 

Is  situated  at  96  Fifth  Avenue,  southwest  comer  of  15th 
street. 

THE  UNION  LEAGUE  CLUB 

Is  situated  on  the  comer  of  Madison  Avenue  and  23d 
street. 


NOTABLE  STOEES,  ETC. 


The  stores  of  New  York,  being  celebrated  alike  for 
the  beauty  of  their  architecture  and  variety  of  their  stock, 
claim  our  special  notice.  Starting  from  John  street, 
passing  up  Broadway,  we  come  upon  St.  Paul's  Church, 
opposite  to  which  is  the  new  and  handsome  marble 
building  of  the  Park  National  Bank,  universally  ac- 
knowledged to  be  the  most  splendid  structure  for  a  bank- 
ing-house in  the  United  States.  Adjoining  this  is  the 
New  York  Herald  building,  also  of  white  marble,  and 
which  outvies  every  establishment  of  the  kmd  in  the 
countiy. 

A  little  further  on  stands  the  far-famed  Astor  House. 

On  the  corner  of  Park  Place  and  Broadway  is  a  beau- 
tiful brown-stone  building  occupfed  by  the  Broadway 
National  Bank. 

Next  in  order  we  come  to  Stewart's  marble  palace,  at 
the  corner  of  Chambers  street,  covering  a  space  of  153 
feet  on  Broadway,  and  100  feet  deep  on  the  side  streets. 

On  the  site  of  the  old  Broadway  Theatre,  Judge 
"Whiting  has  erected,  at  a  cost  of  $200,000,  a  marble 
building,  with  75  feet  front  on  Broadway  by  175  feet 
deep. 

At  No.  340  Broadway  is  the  ancient  site  of  the  famous 
Broadway  Tabernacle,  once  known  throughout  the 
whole  land  as  the  great  rendezvous  of  the  various  reli- 
gious and  benevolent  institutions  during  the  May  Anni- 
versaries. The  frontage  on  Broadway  is  30  feet,  and  the 
depth  200  feet,  with  an  extension  on  Worth  street  and 
Catharine  Lane  of  100  feet  square. 

On  the  comer  of  Worth  and  Church  streets,  occupy- 
ing the  whole  block,  is  the  massive  stone  building  of 
Messrs.  H.  B.  Claflin&  Co. 


'  m 


NOTABLE   STORES,    ETC.  83 

At  the  comer  of  Leonard  street  and  Broadway  stands 
the  noble  edifice  erected  and  occupied  by  the  New  York 
Life  Insurance  Company.  This  is  the  most  magnificent 
structure  devoted  to  Life  Insurance  in  the  country. 

Continuing  up  Broadway,  we  come  to  the  magnificent 
brown-stone  building  fonnerly  occupied  by  tlie  Mer- 
chants' Union  Express  Co. 

On  the  corner  of  White  street  and  Broadway  stands 
one  of  the  finest  specimens  of  architecture  of  which  our 
city  can  boast.  The  building  is  of  white  marble,  and  is 
owned  by  Mr.  Astor. 

The  attention  is  next  arrested  by  the  elegance  of  a 
building  at  the  coi'ner  of  Broadway  and  Grand  street.  It 
has  a  front  of  100  feet  on  Broadway,  and  125  feet  on 
Grand  street.  The  whole  structure  is  of  highly  orna- 
mented white  marble,  and  is  occupied  by  Messrs.  Lord 
&  Taylor  as  a  dry-goods  store.  On  the  lower  corner, 
Messrs.  Devlin  &  Co.,  the  clothiers,  have  their  store, 
whilst  on  the  opposite  corner  Messrs.  Cochran,  McLean 
&  Co.  occupy  a  fine  brown-stone  building. 

On  the  coi'ner  of  Broadway  and  Broome  street  is  a 
handsome  iron  building,  while  opposite  is  another  iron 
building,  in  tlie  Gothic  style,  occupied  by  tlie  Grover 
&  Baker  Sewing  Machine  Company.  Just  beyond  is 
the  St.  Nicholas  Hotel,  a  white  marble  sti'ucture  reach- 
ing to  the  corner  of  Spring  street. 

On  the  opposite  corner  is  the  Prescott  House.  Ad- 
joming  this  is  a  very  extensive  and  beautiful  iron  build- 
ing, occupied  by  Evans,  Gardner  &  Co.  Just  above,  on 
the  opposite  side,  is  a  handsome  white  marble  building, 
occupied  by  the  American  National  Bank. 

Messrs.  Ball,  Black  &  Co.,  have  a  beautiful  white 
marble  building  on  the  corner  of  Prince  street  and 
Broadway. 

Next  in  view  is  the  Metropolitan  Hotel.  Opposite 
the  Metropolitan  Hotel,  Messrs.  E.  &  H.  T.  Antliony 
&  Co.,  dealers  and  importers  of  Artists'  Materials, 
Stereoscopes,  etc.,  have  their  extensive  establish- 
ment 

Adjoining  the  Metropolitan  Hotel  are  the  attractive 
Warerooms  of  the  Mason  &  Hamlin  Organ  Co. 


84  NOTABLE    STORES,    ETC. 

The  next  building  which  claims  our  attention  is  025 
Broadway,  known  as  Wheeler  &  Wilson's  Sewing  Ma- 
chine Company,  and  which  is  acknowledged  to  lie  one 
of  tlie  most  beautiful  stores  on  Broadway. 

We  have  now  reached  the  corner  of  Bleecker  street, 
just  above  wliich  is  the  white  marble  building  known 
as  ililler's  Book  Store,  where  may  be  found,  in  addition 
to  a  large  and  well-selected  stockof  English  and  Ameri- 
can books,  eveiy  thing  in  the  stationerj-  line.  James 
Miller  makes  a  specialty  of  fancy  and  commercial  sta- 
tionery. 647  is  famous  for  its  beautiful  designs  for 
monograms,  as  well  as  for  wedding  gifts. 

We  now  pass  to  Astor  Place,  where  is  situated  the 
Mercantile  Libraiy  and  the  Book  Trade  Sales  Rooms 
of  Leaviti,  Strebeigh  &  Co.  At  the  junction  of  Astor 
Place  and  Fom'th  avenue  is  the  Cooper  Union,  also  the 
Bible  House. 

Returning  to  Broadway,  the  next  object  tliat  stiikes 
our  attention  is  Stewart's  magniticent  retail  store  on  the 
comer  of  10th  street,  and  on  the  opposite  comer  stands 
Grace  Church. 

Continuing  our  walk,  we  reach  Union  Square,  at  the 
junction  of  which  witii  Fourth  avenue  stands  Brown's 
Statue  of  Washington.  It  is  a  bronze  equestrian  fig- 
m-e,  placed  upon  a  plain  granite  pedestal.  The  statue 
is  fourteen  and  a  half  feet,  and  the  whole,  including  the 
pedestal,  is  tweuty-nine  feet  high.  It  occupied  the  artist 
four  yeai-s  in  its'  construction,  and  cost  over  $30,000. 
The  statue  is  universally  admired.  The  artist  has,  in  a 
masterly  manner,  overcome  the  almost  insuiTuountable 
difficulty  of  all  equestrian  statues,  inasmuch  as  he  has 
succeeded  in  making  the  interest  of  the  horse  .subordi- 
nate to  that  of  the  rider.  The  majestic  presence  of 
Washington  is  the  object  first  to  catch  and  fix  the  be- 
holdea"'s  gaze.  The  true  proportions  and  fine  attitude 
of  the  animal  but  enter  into  and  complete  the  inspuing 
effect  of  the  perfect  statue. 

On  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  23d  street  we  reach 
the  Fifth  Avenue  Hotel,  a  very  handsome  white  marble 
building,  nearly  opposite  to  which  is  a  beautiful  granite 
shaft  erected  to  the  memory  of  General  Worth.  Tta 
erection  was  celebrated  by  a  public  ceremonial. 


WHEELER     *St     WILSO]V 

HIGHEST  PEEMIUM 


LOCK-STITGH  .M.UIM.  JlACllLM-S. 

No.   G95    BROADWAY,    NKW    YORK. 
EXPOSITION  IINIVERSELLE,  PARIS,  1867. 

The  only  Cold  Medal  for  Perfection  of  Sewing  Machines. 


POST   OFFIOK.  8d 

POST  OFFICE. 

Cornet  of  Nassau  and  Liberty  Streets. 

Office  Hours. — Daily  at  all  hours,  except  Sundays. 
Sundays  from  9  to  10  a.  m.,  and  from  12^  to  li  p.  m. 


U.  S.  Mail  Stations.— Open  from  6.30  a.  m.  to  9.30  p.  m 

A,  129  Spring  street, 

B,  o83  Grand  street, 

C,  Fourth  street,  corner  "W. 

Twelfth  street. 


D,  Bible  House, 

E,  368  Eighth  Avenue, 

F,  474  Third  Avenue, 


G,  1259  Broadway, 
H,  Yorkville, 
J,  Harsenville, 
K,  Manhattanville, 
L,  Harlem, 
M,  Carmansville, 
N,  Tubby  Hook. 


Hates  of  Postage. 

N"o  letter  will  be  sent  from  this  Office,  to  any  place 
•witbiu  the  United  States,  unless  the  postage  is  prepaid 
by  stamps. 

Stamps  and  stamped  envelopes  can  be  procured  at 
the  office  of  sale,  in  the  second  story  of  the  Post  Office 
building ;  entrance  at  the  east  end  of  the  Cedar  street 
front,  open  from  9  a.  m.  to  3  p.  m.,  at  the  first  window 
from  Oedar  on  Nassau  street,  and  at  all  the  stations. 

The  inland  postage  (which  must  be  prepaid)  upon 
single  letters,  is  three  cents  ;  double  letters  twice,  and 
treble  letters,  treble  these  rates. 

Every  letter  or  parcel  not  exceeding  half  an  ounce  in 
weight,  shall  be  deemed  a  single  letter,  and  every  addi- 
tional weight  of  half  an  ounce,  or  less,  shall  be  charged 
with  an  additional  single  postage,  prepaid  by  stamps. 

City  letters  must  be  prepaid  by  stamps  at  the  rate  of 
two  cents  for  each  half  ounce,  or  less,  and  two  cents 
for  each  additional  half  ounce,  whether  deUvered  from 
the  office  or  by  the  carriers. 

Advertised  letters  are  charged  with  two  cent,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  regular  postage. 


86 


EATES  OF  POSTAGE  ON  NEWS- 
PAPEES. 

Daily  newspapers,  per  quarter, 35c, 

Six  times  a  week,  "  30 

Tri-weekly,  "  15 

Semi-weekly,  "  10 

Weekly  newspapers,        "  10 

Transient  papers,  4  ounces, 2 

Monthly  magazines,  4   "      3 

Monthly  magazines,  8   "      6 

Books,  each,  4  "      4 


BANKS. 


The  more  prominent  banks  of  New  York  include, 
the  Bank  of  New  York,  corner  of  Wall  and  Wil- 
liam streets,  the  Bank  of  America,  the  Mechanics' 
Bank,  the  Merchants'  Bank,  the  Manhattan,  the  Bank 
of  Commerce,  Nassau  Bank,  &c.  The  Banks  of  New 
York  are  daily  becoming  more  important  in  an  archi- 
tectural point  of  view. 

The  American  Exchange  Bank,  128  Broadway,  corner 
of  Liberty  street,  is  a  splendid  building  of  Caen  stone. 

The  Bank  of  Commerce,  in  Nassau  street,  facing  the 
Post-Office,  is  one  of  the  finest  marble  edifices  in  the 
city.     Its  capital  is  ten  millions  of  dollars. 


MASON  S,  HAMLIU  OUGAK  CO., 

596    Broadway, 


Announce  the  intuiiiiKti.  n  iln-  ~.  i-w  ,  <il  iiuino^ements  of  more 
than  ordinary  inteic-l,  which  Iruis;  ualeuud,  will  be  made  only  by 
the  M.  &  H.  "0.  Co. 

Four  Octave  Organs,  $50  each. 

Five  Octave,  double-reed  Organs,  $125,  $133,  $140,  and  upwards. 

FORTY    OTHER    STYLES 

••It  proportionate  i)rices  up  to  $\,i>W  each. 

ILLUSTRATED    CATALOGUE 

with  full  descriptions  of  all  styles  and  improvements,  also  testimonial 
circular,  givii:g  accounts  from  those  who  have  used  these  Organs  in 
Europe.  Asia,  Africa,  and  America,  and  from  Sea-Captains,  Mission- 
aries, and  many  others,  as  regards  their  durability  in  all  climates, 
sent  free  to  any  address. 

MASON  (Si  HAMLIN  ORGAN  CO., 

oOO  Broad H'(tf/,  X.  1'., 

lo4  Trcinout  St.,  lioston. 


.  X  K     OF    THE     R  E  P  r  li  L  I  C 


CITY   OF   NEW    YORK.  87 

Duncan^  Sherman  cC  Co.'s  Banhing  House  is  built  of 
brown  stoue,  and  stands  on  tlie  corner  of  Nassau  and 
Pine  streets ;  it  cost  $150,000.  Adjoining  this  is  another 
splendid  establishment, —  The  Continental  Banh. 

The  Bank  of  the  Republic  is  situated  at  the  corner 
of  Eroadway  and  Wall  street;  it  is  a  noble  edifice, built 
of  brown  stone ;  its  entire  cost  is  estimated  at  about 
$175,000.     Its  capital  is  $2,000,000. 

The  Metro'politan  is  also  built  of  brown  stone,  and  is 
located  at  the  corner  of  Pine  street  and  Broadway; 
its  cost  is  stated  at  $160,000. 

The  Banh  of  the  Commonwealth^  15  Nassau  street,  is  a 
beautiful  brown  stone  structure  of  elegant  proportions. 

TTie  Banh  of  America  is  one  of  the  old  established 
banks,  situated  46  Wall  street.     Its  capital  is  $3,000,000. 

On  the  corner  of  Wall  and  William  streets,  is  another 
fine  edifice,  the  Banh  of  New  Yorh\  recently  rebuilt 
with  brick  and  brown  stone  facings;  its  capital  is 
$2,000,000. 

The  Banh  of  North  America^  44  "Wall  street,  has  a 
capital  of  $1,000,000. 

Broadway  Banh^  corner  of  Broadway  and  Park 
Place,  is  a  massive  brown-stone  building;  its  cost  is 
stated  at  $127,000. 

The  Park  Bank,  214  and  216  Broadway,  is  a  recent 
establishment,  with  a  capital  of  $2,000,000 

The  Phenix  Banh,  45  Wall  street. 

The  Shoe  and  Leather  Banh,  corner  of  Broadway  and 
Chambers  street,  has  a  capital  of  $1,000,000. 

The  Union  Banh,  34  Wall  street,  has  a  capital  of 
$1,500,000. 

The  Importers  and  Traders  Banh,  245  Broadway,  has 
a  capital  of  $1,500,000. 

The  Pacific  Banh  has  recently  erected  a  fine  marble 
edifice  in  Broadway,  adjoining  Brooks'  building,  corner 
of  Grand  street. 

The  Manhattan  Company,  40  Wall  street,  has  a  capi- 
tal of  $2,050,000. 

The  Clearing  House  is  at  72  Broadway. 


88  aAYINGS   BANKS. 

For  a  general  list  of  the  City  Banks,  the  reader  is  re- 
ferred to  the  New  York  Directory. 


SAYINGS  BANKS. 

Among  the  excellent  institutions  of  New  York,  may 
be  mentioned  the  Savings  Banks.  The  principal  estab- 
lishments are  the  following: 

Bank  for  Savings,  67  Bleecker  street,  is  a  beautiful 
marble  edifice,  the  most  elegant  and  spacious  of  its 
class  in  the  city. 

Bowery  Savings  Bank,  130  Bowery,  is  a  splendid 
brown  stone  building — one  of  the  architectural  orna- 
ments of  this  portion  of  the  city.  We  refer  the  reader 
to  the  annexed  illustration  of  this  edifice. 

Broadway  Savings  Bank  is  on  the  corner  of  Park 
Place. 

Hast  River  Savings  Bank  is  situated  3  Chambers 
street. 

The  Irving,  96  "Warren  street. 

The  Gi'eenwich,  73  Sixth  Avenue. 

2'he  Emigrant  ludusti-ial,  51  Chambers  street. 

The  Mechanics  and  Traders',  283  Bowery. 

The  Manhattan,  644  Broadway. 

The  Dry  Bock,  603  Fourth  street. 

2 he  Merchants'  Clerks^  Savings  Bank,  516  Broadway. 

Seaman's  Bank  for  Savings,  78  Wall. 

Sixpenny  Savings  Bank,  Clinton  Hall,  Astor  Place. 


CITT   OF  NBW   ^OEK. 


PUBLIC    WORKS. 

THE  CEOTON  AQUEDUCT, 

By  -which  the  city  is  supplied  with  pure  water,  is  one 
of  the  most  gigantic  enter[)rises  of  the  Ivind  undertaken 
in  any  country.  The  distance  which  the  water  travels 
through  this  artificial  channel,  exclusive  of  the  grand 
reservoir,  is  about  forty  miles.  The  Dam  crosses  the 
Croton  River  six  miles  from  its  mouth,  and  the  whole 
distance  from  this  dam,  thirty-two  miles,  is  one  un- 
broken under-ground  canal,  formed  of  stone  and  brick. 
The  great  receiving  reservoir  is  on  York  Hill,  five  miles 
from  tl  e  Citj'  Hall ;  it  can  receive  a  depth  of  water  to 
the  extmt  of  twenty  feet,  and  is  capable  of  containing 
150,000,000  gallons.  Two  miles  further  on  is  the  dis- 
tributing reservoir,  at  Murray  Hill.  This  reservoir  is 
of  solid  masonry,  built  in  the  Egyptian  style  of  archi- 
tecture, with  massive  buttresses,  hollow  granite  walls, 
&c.  On  the  top  of  the  walls  is  an  inclosed  promenade. 
It  is  three  miles  from  the  City  Hall.  The  cost  of  this 
immense  undertaking  was  over  thirteen  millions  of  dol- 
lars. 

During  the  past  years  the  works  have  been  thoroughly 
examined  and  repaired  from  the  Oroton  Dam  to  the 
receiving  reservoir  at  an  immense  cost.  In  connec- 
tion with  this  a  typographical  survey  of  the  valley  of 
the  Croton  was  effected,  by  which  it  appears  that  the 
ridge  defining  the  waters  above  the  point  at  which  the 
Aqueduct  begins,  measures  101  miles.  Within  this  cir- 
cuit there  are  31  lakes  and  ponds ;  and  the  aggregate 
area  of  waters  including  the  tributaries  is  352  square 
miles;  which  is  equal  to  96,034  gallons  per  square  mile 
during  the  driest  season.  Yet  large  as  this  supply  may 
appear,  the  resources  of  the  Brooklyn  water-works  are 
nearly  six  times  as  great. 


90  PITBLIO    .VORKS. 

Among  the  improvements  now  contemplated  in  these 
colossal  works  is  the  erection  of  still  another  immense 
reservoir  in  the  northeastern  part  of  the  city,  provided 
with  a  high  column  (pumped  up  by  steam)  in  order  to 
increase  the  pressure  in  the  pipes  of  the  Division  where 
the  present  head  of  water  is  ineffective,  owing  to  the 
altitude  of  the  ground. 

The  immense  New  Reservoir  cost  $2,250,000  when 
completed. 

The  New  Reservoir  is  located  at  York  hill,  in  the 
Central  park,  between  Eighty-fifth  and  Ninety-seventh 
streets.  The  gate-houses,  which  are  to  cost  $193,513, 
are  to  be  built  in  the  outer  reservoir  bank,  and  at  the 
ends  of  the  central  bank  of  the  new  reservoir,  the 
aqueduct  will  extend  therefrom  to  about  50  feet  east  of 
the  existing  acpieduct,  near  the  Ninth  Avenue.  The 
south  gate-house  will  be  located  near  Eighty-sixth 
street ;  83  feet  long,  40  feet  wide,  and  42  feet  above  the 
pavement  of  the  bays,  which  are  to  be  divided.  The 
masonry  will  be  very  massive,  and  supported  by  but- 
tresses four  feet  wide  and  sixteen  feet  high.  The  north 
gate-house  will  be  72  feet  by  40,  and  correspond  with 
the  other  so  far  a  relates  to  distribution  and  waste- 
pipes,  &c. 

At  the  distance  of  about  eight  miles  from  the  City 
Hall  is 

THE  HIGH  BBIOGE, 

The  most  important  structure  connected  with  the  Oro- 
ton  Aqueduct.  It  is  thrown  across  the  Harlem  valley 
and  river.  It  spans  the  whole  width  of  the  valley  and 
river  at  a  point  where  the  latter  is  620  feet  wide,  and 
the  former  a  quarter  of  a  mile.  Eight  arches,  each  with 
a  span  of  80  feet,  compose  this  structure ;  and  the  ele- 
vation of  the  arche'j  gives  100  feet  clear  of  the  river 
from  their  lower  side.  Besides  these,  there  are  several 
other  arches  rising  from  the  ground,  the  span  of  which 
is  somewhat  more  than  half  that  of  the  first  mentioned. 
The  material  employed  throughout  the  whole  of  this 


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CITY   OF    NEW   YORK.  91 

imposing  object  is  granite.  The  Tvorks  cost  $900,000. 
The  water  is  led  over  this  bridge,  which  is  1450  feet  in 
extent,  in  iron  pipes ;  and  over  all  is  a  patliwav,  which, 
though  wide  enough  for  carriages,  is  available  to  pedes- 
trians only.  The  fare  by  a  carriage,  allowing  passen- 
cjers  to  remain  two  or  three  hours  at  the  bridge,  is  $5. 
It  can  be  reached  pleasantly  and  expeditiously  by  the 
Harlem  Railroad  (Depot  4th  Avenue  and  26th  street), 
or  in  summer  by  the  Third  Avenue  Eailroad  and  steam- 
boat from  Harlem. 

SmP-BUILDING  YASDS  AND  DRY  DOCKS. 

Of  the  numerous  works  in  and  around  New  York,  tha 
stranger  must  not  fail  to  pay  a  visit  to  the  Ship-Build- 
ing Yards  and  Dry  BocJcs,  where  gigantic  steamers  may 
be  seen  in  every  stage  of  progress,  and  all  the  most 
approved  jnachinery  connected  with  ship-building  in 
active  operation. 

THE  NOVELTY  WOEKS, 

At  the  foot  of  Twelfth  street,  are  of  themselves  a  per- 
fect marvel,  and  here  the  stranger  may  spend  an  hour 
v*rith  the  greatest  pleasure  and  profit  in  witnessing  aL 
the  wonders  of  the  steam-engine. 

THE  NAVAL  DRY  DOCK, 

A  stone  structure,  said  to  be  the  largest  of  the  kind  In 
the  world,  and  a  perfect  monument  of  engineering  skill, 
will  also  well  repay  the  trouble  of  a  visit.  Tlie  dimen- 
sions of  this  gigantic  dock  are  400  feet  in  length  by  120 
in  breadth  at  their  base.  The  work  took  ten  years  in 
its  construction;  it  cost  $2,150,000. 

THE  SECTIONAL  DOCK, 

At  the  foot  of  Pike  street.  East  River,  is  an  object  well 
worth  visiting.  The  dock  is  constructed  for  the  pur- 
pose of  lifting  vessels,  by  means  of  tanks  filled  with 
water.  There  is  also  another  process  of  raising  a  ves 
sel,  by  means  of  pulleys,  worked  by  hydraulic  power. 


92  SHIPS. — FOKTIFIOATIONS. 


CLIPPER  SHIPS,  PACKETS,  ETC. 

The  docks  along  the  North  Eiver,  from  the  Battery 
northward,  and  also  especially  along  the  East  River, 
exhibit  a  complete  forest  of  masts  of  the  naval  architec- 
ture of  the  city.  Splendid  packet-ships,  clippers,  and 
steamboats,  of  all  descriptions  and  sizes,  hem  in  the 
margins  of  these  rivers.  On  the  North  River  may  be 
seen  the  stately  ocean-steamers.  These  also  are  objects 
of  interest  to  strangers,  and  they  may  inspect  the  ele- 
gant cabins  of  these  splendid  vessels  on  application. 


FORTS  AND  FORTIFICATIONS. 

The  national  defences  of  New  York  comprise  the 
following:  the  strong  fortifications  of  tlie  Narrows — on 
the  one  side,  Forts  Ilamilton  and  La  Fayette,  the  latter 
having  three  tiers  of  guns,  &c. ;  on  tbe  otlier  side, 
Fort8  TompMns  and  Richmond^  situated  on  Staten 
Island  heights.  To  protect  the  inner  harbor,  there  are 
Forts  Columbus  and  Castle  William,  on  Governor's 
Island,  and  the  works  on  Bedlow's  and  Ellis'  Islands. 

Castle  William,  measuring  600  feet  in  circumference, 
and  60  feet  high,  is  a  circular  stone  battery,  with 
magazines,  &c. 

Fort  Columbus,  on  the  same  island,  connects  with  the 
former.  Here  are  barracks  and  a  corps  of  the  United 
States  troops. 

Governor's  Island,  formerly  known  as  Nut  Island, 
from  its  formerly  being  covered  with  nut-trees,  was, 
in  colonial  times,  used  by  the  English  governors  as 


ATLAI^TIl;     ITIUTUAL 

INSURANCE    COMPANY, 


51   WALL  STRKK'l'. 


MAIJIXK  AM)  IMAM)  l\S|  KA\(i:. 


JOHN  D.  JONES.  Pres. 
CHARLES  DENNIS,  V.  Pres. 
W.  H.  H.  MORE.  2d  V.  Pres 
JOHN  D  HEWLETT,  3d  V.  Pres. 
J.  H.  CHAPMAN,  Secretary 


OTTT   OF  NEW  YORK,  QS 

pleasare-grounds.  The  several  fortifications  here,  may 
be  easily  seen,  by  taking  a  boat  from  Castle  Garden, 
foot  of  the  Battery.  There  are  other  fortifications  for 
the  defence  of  Long  Island  Sound,  and  also  towards 
Sandy  Hook. 


PRINCIPAL  RESTAURANT  SALOONS. 

These  are  Delmonico's  Saloon,  Fifth  avenue,  corner 
14th  street,  the  largest  and  most  sumptuous  in  the 
city  or  country. 

Maillard!s  Saloon,  621  Broadway. 
Florence's  Saloon,  609  Broadway. 
A.  Bangs  &  Go's  Saloon,  231  Broadway. 
Delmonico  Lorenzo's  Saloon,  275  Broadway,  and  22 
Broad  street. 

Crooke,  Fox  &  NasNs,  39  Park  Row. 

Riley's,  corner  11th  street  and  University  Place. 

Sinclair  House,  corner  Broadway  and  Sih  street. 

Thompson's,  292  Broadway. 

Willard's,  532  Broadway. 

The  consumption  of  oysters  in  New  York  is  immense ; 
It  having  been  computed  that  the  daily  consumption  b 
valued  at  $18,000,  and  that  some  1500  boats  are  con- 
stantly engaged  to  obtain  the  supply  for  this  city  alone. 


94  HOTELS.— MARKETS. 


PRINCIPAL  HOTELS 


The  Astor  House,  Broadway,  near  the  City  Hall  Park. 
The  Metro]}olitan,  Broadway,  corner  of  Prince  street. 
St.  NicJwlas,  Broadway,  corner  of  Spring  street. 
Prescott  House,  Broadway,  corner  of  Spring  street. 
The  Everett  House,  north  side  of  Union  Square. 
Grand  Central  Hotel,  Broadway,  opposite  Bond  street. 
New  York  Hotel,  Broadway,  cor.  of  Washington  place. 
The  Clarendon,  cor.  Fourth  avenue  and  Eighteeutli  street 
St.  Denis,  corner  of  Broadway  and  Eleventh  street. 
Oilsey  Home,  Broadway  and  Twenty-niuth  street. 
Brevoort  House,  Fifth  avenue  and  Clinton  place. 
St.  James,  Broadway  and  Twenty-sixth  street. 
Westmoreland  Hotel,  Fourth  avenue  and  Seventeenth  st. 
Coleman  House,  Broadway  and  near  Twenty-eighth  street 
Hoffman  House,  Broadway  and  Twenty-fifth  street. 
Grand  Hotel,  Broadway  and  Thirty -first  street. 
Fifth  Avenue  Hotel,  Fifth  avenue  and  Twenty-third  street. 
In  addition    to   the  above  there  are  numerous  other 
hotels  and  houses,  which  may  readily  be  ascertained. 


NEW  YORK  MARKETS. 

THE  FUITON  MABKET, 

Built  in  1821,  at  a  cost  of  $220,000,  is  located  on  a 
block  described  by  Fulton  street  on  the  south,  Beek- 
man  on  the  north,  Front  on  the  west,  and  South  street 
on  the  east. 

WASHINGTON  HABKET 

Is  on  the  western  side  of  the  city,  on  the  North  River, 
at  the  foot  of  Vesey  street  and  Washington  street. 
This  market  receives  the  produce  from  the  West,  as  the 
Fulton  does  from  the  East  district. 


CITY   OF   NEW   YORK.  95 

CATHASINE  MABZET 

Is  smaller  than  the  above,  occupying  a  square  between 
Cherry  and  Soutli  streets,  East  River.     There  are  also 

CHELSEA  MARKET, 

In  the  Ninth  Avenue,  near  Eighteenth  street ; 

JEFFEKSON  MARKET, 

Corner  of  Greenwich  and  Sixth  Avenues ; 

CLINTON  MARKET, 

Situate  at  the  foot  of  Canal  street,  between  the  North 
Kiver  and  Washington  street ;  and 

TOMPKINS  MARKET, 

Between  Sixth  and  Seventh  streets,  Third  Avenue. 

There  is  yet  another,  more  central,  and  on  a  larger 
scale,  known  as 

CENTRE  MARKET, 

In  Centre  street,  extending  from  Grand  to  Broome 
streets.  This  is  a  well-built  and  commodious  place, 
adapted  for  the  various  departments  of  a  public  market. 
The  building  is  substantial,  built  of  brick,  two  stories 
nigh ;  the  upper  portion  being  used  as  armories  and 
drill-rooms  by  military  companies,  &c. 


THE   OCEAN  STEAMSHIPS. 

The  offices  of  the  several  lines  of  steamships  are  as 
follows : 

Cunard  Steamers. — E.  Cunard,  4  Bowling  Green. 


96  FOREIGN  OONSULS. 

IT.  S.  Mail  Steamship  Co.,  for  Aspinwall.— J.  W  Kav- 
mond,  177  West  street. 

Glasgow  Steamers.— R.  Craig,  6  fowling  Green. 

Charleston  Steamers.— ^^oSovd,  Tifeston  &  Co.  29 
Broadway.  ' 

Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Co. — 88  Wall  street. 

The  Liverpool  and  New  York  S.  S.  Co.-^ohn  G. 
Dale,  15  Broadway. 

M.  0.  Roierts'  Line  to  San  Francisco  and  Oregon  — 
D.  K  Carrington,  177  West  street. 

U.  S.  Mail  Line  for  California  via  Panama.— D.  B. 
Allen,  No.  5  Bowling  Green. 

Steam  to  Hamlurg,  Havre,  Southampton,  and  Lon- 
don.—0.  B.  Eichard  &  Boas,  181  Broadway. 

Mail  Steamers  to  France  direct.— The  General  Trans- 
atlantic Company's  new  line  of  first  class  side-wheel 
steamships  between  New  York  and  Havre.  George 
Mackenzie,  Agent,  No.  T  Broadway. 

For  Havana.—Spofford,  Tileston  &  Co.,  29  Broad- 
way. 

Advertisements  of  other  lines  are  to  be  found  either 
in  the  Directory,  or  in  the  columns  of  the  New  York 
Serald. 


STEAMBOATS. 


NORTH  RIVER. 

Albany,  etc.  (morning  boat),  Pier 

No.  39. 
Albany  (night  line),  Pier  No.  41. 
Troy  (nigbt  line).  Pier  No.  34. 
Boston  and  Providence  (Prop.), 

Pier  No.  2T. 
Boston  (Fall  River  Line),  Pier  No. 


Boston  (Norwich  and  Wor.  Line), 

Pier  No.  39.  '' 

Barrytown,  Bhineheck  <fc  Tivoli, 


Pier  No.  37.  |     No.  84. 


Cattskill  and  Hudson,  Pier  No.  39. 
Coney  Island  and  Fort  Ilamilton. 

Pier  No.  4. 
Coxsackie,  Bristol,  Cattskill,  etc. 

Pier  No.  .37. 
Coszen\  Cornwall,  etc..  Pier  No. 

39. 
Dohbs"  Ferry,  Yonkers,  etc..  Pier 

No.  84. 
Elizalethport,  etc..  Pier  No.  14 
Fort  Lee,  Bull's  Ferry,  etc..  Pier 

No.  51. 
Grassy  Point,  Cold  Spring,  ete.. 

Pier  No.  39. 
Hastings,  Dobbs'  Ferry,  etc.,  Pici 


CITY   OF  NEW   YORK. 


97 


Hudson.  Pier  No.  37. 
Havergtraw,    Yonkera,  eto..  Pier 

No.  34. 
Keyport  and  Middletown  Point, 

Pier  No.  36. 
Long  Branch.,   Shrewsbury,  etc.. 

Pier  No.  82. 
Mariner'fi    I/arbor  and  Bergen 

Point,  Pier  No.  14. 
Marlboro  and  Milton,  Pier  No.  33. 
New  Brighton  and  P.  Richmond, 

Pier  No.  19. 
Newark,  Pier  No.  26. 
New     Brunswick    and     Wood's 

Landing,  Pier  No.  14. 
New  London,  Norwich  <&  Mystic, 

Pier  No.  38. 
New  Hamburg  and  Milton,  Pier 

No.  39. 
Newbxirgh,     Poxighkeepsie,    etc.. 

Pier  No.  39. 
Newport,  Pall    River,  etc..   Pier 

No.  28. 
Norwich.  Pier  No.  33. 
Nyack,  Tarrytown  and  Tonkers, 

Pier  No.  34. 
Peekskill,  Pier  No.  34 
Perth  Amboy,  Rossville,  etc..  Pier 

No.  30. 
Perth  Ambo-y,  Pier  No.  1. 
Port  Monmouth  and  Middletown, 

Pier  No.  32. 
Port  Washington  and  Fairhaven, 

Piers  No.  26  and  80. 
Poughkeepsie     and     Cornwall, 

Pier  No.  33. 
Poughkeepsie,  Yonkers,  etc..  Pier 

No.  39. 
Providence,  Pier  No.  35. 
Rockland  Lake,  Nyack,  etc..  Pier 

No.  34. 
Rockaway,  Pier  No.  30. 
Rondout  and  Kingston,  Pier  No. 


RossviUe,  Woodbridge,  etc..  Pier 
No.  80. 

Red  Bank,  N.  J.,  Pier  No.  32. 

iSaugerties,  Rhinebeck  <&  7'ivoli, 
Pier  No.  3T. 

South  Amboy,  Pier  No.  1. 

Sing  Sing,  Pier  No.  34. 

Sing  Sing,  Lrvington  and  Tarry- 
town,  Pier  No.  30. 

Staten  Island,  Whitehall  Slip. 


Snug  Harbor,  Factoryville,  etc.. 

Pier  No.  19. 
Shrewsbury,  Long  Branch,  etc.. 

Pier  No.  32. 
Staten  Island  {North  Shore),  Pier 

No.  19. 
Tarrytnwn,      Yonkera,     Nyack, 

Pier  No  34. 
Tottens,  Chelsea  and  Biasing  St., 

Pier  No.  30. 
We.<<t    Camp,  'Maiden,  etc.,  Pier 

No.  35. 
West  Point,  Newburg,  etc..  Pier 

No.  39. 
Yonkers,  Tarrytown  and  Nyack, 

Pier  No.  84. 

EAST  EIVEE. 
Astoria.  Harlem  and  YorkviUe, 

Pier  No.  24. 
BlackwelVs   Island,  etc.,  Foot  of 

26th  street. 
Bridgeport,  Pier  No.  85. 
Bridgeport,  Pier  No.  26. 
City  Island,  New  Rochelle,  etc.. 

Pier  No.  43. 
College  Point,  Pier  No.  22. 
Derby,  Conn.,  Pier  No.  37. 
Flushing,  Pier  No.  22. 
Greenwich,  Portchester  and  Rye, 

Pier  No.  26. 
Harlem.  YorkviUe  &  High  Bridge, 

Pier  No.  24. 
Hartford  &  intermediate  places. 

Pier  No.  24. 
Glen  Cove,  Roslyn,  Bayley  a  VK, 

Pier  No.  24. 
Lloyd's   Dock,   and   Huntington, 

Pier  No.  26. 
Motfs  Dock,  Sands'  Point,  Great 

Neck,  Pier  No.  24. 
Mystic  and  Noank,  Conn.,  Pier 

iSfo.  23. 
New  Haven,  Pier  No.  24. 
Norwalk  and  Danbury,  Pier  No. 


37. 
Northport,  Oyster  Bay,  etc..  Pier 

No.  26.  „  „     ^ 

Orient,  Greenport  and  S.  Harbor, 

Pier  No.  33. 
Portland,  for  Canada,  Pier  No.  38. 
Rye  Point,  Portchester,  etc,  Pier 

No.  26. 
Stamford,  Pier  No.  22. 


98  OITY   OF  NEW  TOEK. 


WESTEEN  UNION  TELEGEAPH. 

General  Office,  145  Broadway. 

Produce  Exchange,  cor.  Pearl  street  and  Whitehall. 

Cor.  William  and  Beaver  streets,  "  Basement." 

134  Pearl  street. 

22  Broad  street. 

Merchants'  Exchange  News  Room,  50  and  52  Pine  street 

Fulton  Market,  83  Fish  Market. 

Astor  House. 

Washington  Market,  100  Vesey  street. 

Hudson  River  Railroad  Depot,  W^arren  street. 

239  Broadway. 

Dry  Goods  Exchange,  49  and  51  Park  Place. 

Pier  39  N.  R.,  Vestry  street. 

Pier  41  N.  R. 

280  Canal  street,  near  Broadway. 

Westchester  House,  cor.  Broome  and  Bowery. 

St.  Nicholas  Hotel. 

Prescott  Heuse. 

Metropolitan  Hotel. 

New  York  Hotel. 

95  Eiij:hth  Avenue,  near  14th  street. 

Dry  Dock,  cor.  10th  street  and  Avenue  D. 

Everett  House. 

Madison  Square,  945  Broadway. 

Fifth  Avenue  Hotel. 

Hoffman  House. 

Harlem  R.R.  Depot,  cor.  26th  street  and  Fourth  Avenue. 

N.  Haven  R.R.  Depot,  cor.  27th  st.  and  Fourth  Avenue 

AUerton's  West ,  Eleventh  Avenue  and  41st  street. 

Cor.  Sixth  Avenue  and  42d  street. 

Yorkville,  cor.  Third  Avenue  and  86th  street. 

Harlem,  cor.  Third  Avenue  and  135th  street. 

Manhattanville  Railroad  Depot. 

Astoria,  Fulton  street,  near  junction  of  Main. 

Jersey  City,  26  Exchange  Place. 

Hoboken,  Morris  and  Essex  Railroad  Depot., 


BowK.ii   Samnlis  Bank. 


OTTT   OF   NEW    YORK.  98  A 

LIST  OF  NUMBERS  AND  LOCALITIES  OF  THE  FIRE 
ALARM  STATIONS.  "^  '^t^ 

ExAMPr.Es.— Two  strokes — an  interval— then  three 
strokes,  indicate  2-3  (twenty-three),  wliich  will  be  re- 
peated at  longer  interval-s,  and  will  give  notice  of  a  fire 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  Engine  House,  Henry-street,  near 
Gouverneur-street. 

123  (one— two — three)  given  in  the  same  manner, 
will  indicate  a  fire  in  the  vicinity  of  Old  Slip  and  VVater- 
etreet, 

SIGNALS.  LOCALITY. 

1.  Firemen's  Hall,  Mercer-street. 

2.  Engine  house,  Chambers-street,  corner  Centre. 

3.  Engine  house.  Centre-street,  near  Chambers. 

4.  Engine  house,  Cedar-street,  near  Tiinity-placo. 
6.  Engine  house.  Beaver-street,  near  Broad. 

6.  Engine  house.  Liberty-street,  near  Nassau. 

12.  Engine  house.  Burling  Slip,  near  Water. 

13.  Engine  house,  William-street,  near  Pearl. 

14.  Engine  house,  East  Broadway,  near  Catherine-street. 

15.  Engine  house,  Franklin-street,  near  Hudson. 

16.  Engine  house,  Franklin-street,  near  Varick. 
21.  Engine  house,  Clinton-street,  near  Division. 

23.  Engine  house,  Henry-street,  near  Gouverneur. 

24.  Engine  house.  Eleventh-street,  near  Avenue  B, 

25.  Engine  house,  Ludlow-street,  near  Delancey. 

26.  Engine  house,  Houston-street,  near  Columbia. 

31.  Eepair  Yard,  Elizabeth-street,  near  Bayard. 

32.  Engine  house,  Elizabeth-street,  near  Prince. 

34.  Engine  house,  Marion-street,  near  Prince. 

35.  Engine  house,  Wooster-street,  near  Spring. 

36.  Engine  house.  Mercer-street,  near  Fourth. 

41 .  Engine  house,  Fifth-street,  corner  First  avenue. 

42.  Engine  house.  Fourteenth-street,  near  First  avenue. 

43.  Engine  house.  Thirteenth-street,  near  Fourth  avenue. 

45.  Engine  house.  West  lOth-street,  near  Greenwich  ave. 

46.  Engine  house,  Cliarles-street,  near  Bleecker. 

61.  Engine  house,  Morton-street,  near  Hudson. 

62.  Police  station,  New-street,  near  Wall. 


98  iJ  FIBE   ALAKM   STATIONS. 

53.  Police  station,  Beekman-street,  near  William. 

54.  Police  station,  Grand-street,  near  Ludlow. 
56.  Police  station,  Madison-street,  near  Clinton. 

61.  Police  station,  Franklin-street,  near  Baxter. 

62.  Police  station,  Attorney-street,  near  Delancey. 

63.  Engine  house.  Eighteenth-street,  near  Broadway. 

64.  Engine  house,  Seventeenth-street,  near  Ninth  avenue. 

65.  Insurance  Patrol,  Elm-street,  near  Broome. 

71.  Engine  house.  Spring-street,  near  Varick. 

72.  Engine  house,  Leonard-street,  near  Elm. 

73.  Engine  house.  Fifth-street,  near  Avenue  D. 

List  of  Numbers  and  Localities  ichich  will  be  indicated 
by  the  Telegraph,  but  at  which  no  Signal  Stations  ara 
yet  established. 

SIGNALS.  LOCALITY. 

123.  Old  Slip,  corner  Water-street. 

124.  Custom  House,  Wall-street. 

125.  Foot  of  Wall-street,  East  River. 

126.  Harpers'  Buildings,  Pearl-street. 

131.  Morris-street,  corner  Washington. 

132.  Courtlandt-street,  corner  Washington. 

134.  St.  Paul's  Church,  Broadway  and  Vesey-street. 

135.  Greenwich-street,  corner  Barclay. 

136.  Police  station.  Chambers-street,  near  Greenwich. 

141.  City  Hospital,  Broadway. 

142.  Broadway,  corner  Canal-street. 

143.  Bowery,  corner  Grand-street. 

145.  Canal-street,  corner  Hudson. 

146.  Hudson-street,  corner  King. 

151.  Houston-street,  corner  Thompson. 

152.  Wasliington-street,  corner  Bank. 

153.  Twelfth-street,  corner  Ninth  avenue. 

154.  Fifth  avenue,  corner  Ninth-street. 
156.  Cooper  Institute,  Third  avenue. 

161.  Avenue  D,  corner  Eighth-street. 

162.  Third-street,  corner  Avenue  B. 

163.  Houston-street,  corner  Second  avenue. 

164.  Foot  of  Grand-street,  East  River. 

165.  Keeker's  Mills,  Cherry-street  near  Pike. 


OMNIBUSES  AND  RAIL-CARS. 

The  omnibus  lines  are  8  in  number,  comprising  204 
vehicles,  which  average  about  10  down  aud  as  many 
up  trips  daily.  Besides  .these  stages  there  are  14  lines 
of  commodious  city  cars,  drawn  by  horses  or  mules 
along  rails  laid  on  the  streets.  The  fare  is  only  6  cents. 
They  run  as  follows : 

Harlem  Co-'s  City  Cars—Yrom  Park  Row  to  Centre 
street,  through  Centre  to  Grand,  Grand  to  Bowery,  up 
Bowery  to  Fourth  Avenue  and  Twenty-seventh  street. 
Second  Avenue  Cars— Fvoiw.  Peck  Slip,  through  Pearl, 
Chatham,  Bowery,  Grand,  and  Allen  streets.  First  Ave 
nue,  East  Twenty-third  street  and  Second  Avenue,  to 
Harlem. 

TJiird  Avenue  Railroad — Park  Row,  Bowery,  Third 
Avenue,  to  Yorkville. 

Sixth  Avenue  Railroad — Vesey,  througn  Church  and 
Chambers  streets.  West  Broadway,  Canal,  Varick,  and 
Carmine  streets,  Sixth  Avenue,  to  Fifty-ninth  street. 

Seventh  Avenue  Railroad — From  corner  of  Broadway 
and  Barclay  street,  through  Church,  Greene,  University 
Place,  Broadway,  Forty-third  street,  and  Seventh  Ave- 
nue to  Fifty-ninth  street.  There  is  also  a  branch  start- 
ing-place from  corner  of  Broadway  and  Broome  street. 
Eighth  Avenue  Railroad — Vesey,  through  Church, 
Chambers,  West  Broadway,  Canal,  Hudson  streets,  and 
Eighth  Avenue,  to  West  Fifty-ninth  street. 

Ninth  Avenue  Railroad— B&rda,}',  corner  of  Church, 
through  Church,  Chambers,  West  Broadway,  Canal, 
Greenwich,  and  Ninth  Avenue,  to  Fifty-ninth  street. 

Central  Park,  North  and  East  River  Railroad- 
Eastern  Division — From  South  Ferry,  foot  of  White- 
hall street,  through  Front,  Water,  and  South  street", 
to  Grand  Street  Ferry  ;  thence  through  Grand,  Man- 
gin,  Corlears  and  Houston  streets,  to  Avenues  D  and  A  ; 
thence  through  14th  street  to  First  Avenue,  and  through 
First  Avenue  and  59th  street  to  the  Fifth  Avenue  en- 
trance of  the  Central  Park. 


100  CITY    OF    NEW    YORK. 

Central  Parh,  North  and  East  River  Railroad — 
Western  Division — From  South  Ferry,  foot  of  White- 
hall street,  through  Whitehall  and  State  streets,  Bat- 
tery Place,  West  street.  Tenth  Avenue  and  59th  street, 
to  Fifth  Avenue  entrance  of  Central  Park. 

Broadway  and  Grand  Street  Ferry  Railroad — From 
junction  of  Broadway  and  Canal  street,  through  New 
Canal  street.  East  Broadway,  and  Grand  street  to 
Grand  Street  Ferry. 

Broadway  and  Seventh  Avenue  Railroad — From 
junction  of  Broadway  and  Barclay  street,  through 
Barclay,  Church,  Greene,  and  Eighth  streets,  Univer- 
sity Place,  Broadway,  Seventh  Avenue,  and  69th 
street.— Branch  from  junction  of  Broadway  and 
Broome  street,  through  Broome,  Greene,  Eighth 
streets.  University  Place,  Broadway,  Seventh  Avenue, 
and  59th  street.  Kkturn  Route — From  corner  of 
59th  street  and  Seventh  Avenue,  through  Seventh 
Avenue,  Broadway,  University  Place,  Eighth  street, 
Wooster  street  (Branch  Road  from  Wooster  through 
Broome  street,  to  Broadway),  Canal  street,  West 
Broadway,  Barclay  street,  to  Broadway. 

Forty-second  Street  and  Grand  .Street  Ferry  Rail- 
road— Forty-second  street  and  Eleventh  Avenue,  along 
Forty-second  street  to  Tenth  Avenue,  through  Tenth 
Avenue  to  Thirty-fourth  street,  Broadway,  Twenty- 
third  street.  Fourth  Avenue,  Fourteenth  street,  Avenue 
A,  Houston  street.  Cannon  street.  Grand  street,  to 
Grand  Street  Ferry.  Return  Route — From  Grand 
Street  Ferry  to  Goerck  street,  through  Goerck,  Hous- 
ton, and  Second  streets.  Avenue  A,  Fourteenth  street, 
Fourth  Avenue,  Twenty-third  street,  Broadway,  Thir- 
ty-fourth street,  Tenth  Avenue  to  Forty-second  Street 
Ferry. 

East  Brojdway  and  Dry  Dock  Railroad — From 
junction  of  Park  Row  and  Broadway,  through  Park 
Row,  Chatham  street,  Chatham  Square,  East  Broad- 
way, Grand  street,  Goerck,  Houston,  to  Avenue  D, 
thence  through  Avenue  D  to  Dry  Dock.    Return 


OMNIBUSES   AND   EAIL-CARS.  101 

Route — From  Dry  Dock,  tlirougli  Avenue  D,  Eiglith, 
Lewis,  Grand  streets,  East  Broadway,  Chatham  Square, 
Chatham-street,  Park  Row  to  Broadway. 

Fourteenth-street  and  Fulton  Ferry  Railroad — From 
foot  of  Fourteenth-street,  North  River,  through  Hudson, 
Bleecker,  Crosby,  Howard,  Elm,  Reade,  Centre,  Beek- 
mon,  and  South  streets,  to  Fulton-street ;  and  return 
through  Fulton,  William  and  Ann  streets  to  Park  Row, 
and  thence  to  Fourteenth-street  along  the  route  above 
mentioned. 

Grand-street  Ferry  and  Courtlnnd-street  Ferry  Rail- 
road— From  Grand-street  Ferry  through  Grand-street, 
East  Broadway,  Walker,  Greenwich,  and  Oourtlandt 
streets  to  the  ferry. 

For  the  several  stage  and  omnibus  routes  throughout 
the  city,  see  the  New  York  Directory.  Most  of  them 
have  their  routes  designated  on  the  outside  of  the  ve- 
hicle. A  large  proportion  of  them  pass  up  and  down 
Broadway  almost  incessantly. 


102  BAILBOADB. 


KAILROADS. 

ITEW  TOBK  AND  NEW  HAVEN. 

This  is  much  frequented  ;  the  distance  to  New  Ha- 
ven is  76  miles  ;  but  the  route  is  continued  on  to  Spring- 
6eld  63  miles  further,  and  thence  a  distance  of  100 
miles  more  reaches  Boston.  The  whole  journey,  which 
saves  the  passage  on  the  Sound,  is  accomplished  in  about 
8  hours.  The  depot  is  on  the  corner  of  Fourth  Avenue 
and  Twenty-seventh  street.     This  road  cost  $4,233,000. 

NEW  YORK  AND  HARLEM. 

The  trains  run  on  this  road  as  far  as  Albany,  stop- 
ping at  intermediate  places.  As  far  as  Williams' 
Bridge,  which  is  14  miles  from  the  city,  they  run  on 
the  same  track  as  the  New  Haven  trains,  afterwards 
they  branch  off.  The  Harlem  tunnel,  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  in  length,  is  a  wonderful  excavatior.,  being  cut 
through  solid  granite ; — while  it  is  approached  by  a 
^ong  deep  cut  ol  more  than  a  mile  in  length.  Cars 
leave  the  depot  opposite  the  Astor  House,  every  five 
minutes,  for  Twenty-seventh  street,  from  half-past  7 
A,  M.,  to  8  p.  M ;  and  the  night  line  every  20  minutes, 
from  8  to  12.  Cars  for  Harlem,  only,  leave  from  the 
same  place  every  hour  throughout  the  day. 

THE  HUDSON  RIVEE. 

Tbe  city  depot  of  this  road  is  at  Thirtieth  street,  cor- 
ner of  Tenth  Avenue.  This  road  extends  to  Albany, 
and  stops  at  the  intermediate  places.  Its  time-table 
varies,  but  can  be  had  on  application.  This  is  consid- 
ered the  best-constructed  road  in  the  country;  its  cost, 
for  144  miles,  is  stated  at  $9,300,000. 


OITT    OF   NEW    YORK.  102 

NEW  JERSEY  RAILROAD. 
For  Washington,  Baltimore,  and  Philadelphia,  and 
intermediate  places,  leaves  New  York  I'roui  foot  of 
Cortlandt  street^  via  Jersey  City  Ferry. 

CENTRAL  RAILROAD  OF  NEW  JERSEY. 

For  Harrisburg,  Reading,  Pottsville,  Mauch  Chunk, 
and  intermediate  places,  leaves  Pier  No.  15,  N.  Pw. 

NORTHERN  RAILROAD  OF  NEW  JERSEY. 

For  Piermont  and  intermediate  places,  leaves  New 
York  from  foot  of  Chambers  street. 

CAMDEN  AND  AMBOY  RAILROAD. 

For  Philadelphia,  via  steamers  to  Amboy,  leaves 
Pier  No.  1,  N.  R. 

MORRIS  AND  ESSEX  RAILROAD. 
For  Hackettstown  and  intermediate  places,  leaves 
foot  of  Barclay  street. 

LONG  ISLAND  RAILROAD. 
For  Greenport  and  intermediate  places,  leaves  James 
Slip,  and  foot  of  Thirty-fourth  street,  E.  R. 
CONEY  ISLAND  RAILROAD. 
All  Brooklyn  horse-cars  for  Greenwood  connect  with. 
this  road.     Depot,  Thirty-sixth  street,  near  Fifth  Av- 
enue, Brooklyn, 

FLUSHING  RAILROAD,  L.  I. 
Leaves  foot  of  34th  street,  and  James  Slip,  N.  Y. 

RARITAN  AND  DELAWARE  BAY  RAILROAD. 

For  Middletown,  Red  Bank,  Long  Branch,  Tom's 
river,  and  intermediate  places,  leaves  wharf  foot  of 
Duane  street. 

STATEN  ISLAND  RAILROAD. 

For  Tottenville  and  intermediate  places,  leaves  New- 
York  from  Pier  No.  1,  foot  of  Whitehall  street,  E.  R. 


104  OTTY   OF  NEW   YOKE. 


FERRIES. 

BrooTclyn — Catherine  Slip  to  Main  street.  From 
6  A.  M.  to  9  p.  M.,  every  ten  minutes;  from  9  p.  m.  to 
12  A.  M.,  every  twenty  minutes. 

Brooklyn— Foot  Fulton  street,  N.  Y.,  to  Fulton  street, 
B'klyn.  From  3  a.  m.  to  12  p.  m.,  every  five  minuter; 
froni  12  p.  M.  to  3  A.  M.,  every  fifteen  minutes. 

Brooldyn — Foot  Jackson  to  Hudson  Avenue.  From 
6  A.  M.  to  10  p.  M.,  every  fifteen  minutes. 

Brooklyn  (E.  D.) — Foot  Roosevelt  to  South  Seventh 
street.     From  5  a.  m.  to  8  p.  m.,  every  ten  minutes. 

Brooklyn — Foot  Wall  to  Montague  street.  From 
5  A.  M.  to  8  p.  M.,  every  ten  minutes;  from  8  p.  m.  to 
midnight,  every  twenty  minutes. 

BrooUyii— Foot  Whitehall  to  Atlantic  street.  From 
5  A.  M.  to  H  p  M.,  every  12  minutes;  from  11  p,  m.  to 

5  A.  M.,  every  half  hour. 

BrooMyn  {E.  i>.)— Foot  Grand  street,  K  Y.,  to  Grand 
street,  B'klyn,  and  to  Division  Avenue. 

Brooklyn  {E.  JD.)— Foot  E.  Houston  to  Grand  street. 

BuWs  Ferry  and  Fort  Lee—V\er  No.  44  K  R. 

Greenpoint — Foot  Tenth  and  foot  East  Twenty-third. 
From  6  a.  m.  to  9  p.  m.,  every  fifteen  minutes. 

Hamilton  Avenue — Foot  Whitehall  to  Atlantic  Dock. 
From   7  a.  m.  to  6  p.  m.,  every  ten  minutes;    from 

6  p.  M.  to  12  A.  M.,  every  fifteen  minutes. 

Hohoken — Foot  Barclay.  From  6  A.  m.  to  7^  p.  m., 
every  fifteen  minutes;  from  7|  p.  m.  to  12  p.  m,,  every 
half  hour;  from  12  p.  m.  to  4  A.  M.,  every  hour;  from 
4  to  6  A.  M.,  every  half  hour. 

Hohoken— Foot  Canal.  From  5|^  A.  m.  to  9  p.  m., 
every  half  hour. 

Hunter^s  Point — Foot  East  Thirty-fourth  street 
From  44  A.  M.  to  12  p.  m.,  every  fifteen  minutes.  Fare 
4  cents. 

Hunter''s  Point — James  Slip  to  Ferry  street,  every 
half  hour. 


105 

Jersey  City — Foot  Courtlaadt  to  Montgomery  street. 
From  3  a.  m.  to  1\  v.  m  ,  every  ten  minutes ;  from  7| 
i».  M.  to  12  p.  M.,  every  fifteen  minutes  j  from  12  p.  m. 
to  3  A.  M.,  every  thirty  minutes. 

Jersey  City — Foot  Desbro3ses  to  Exchange  Place. 
From  5  a.  m.  to  10  p.  m.,  every  fifteen  minutes;  from 
10  p.  M.  to  5  A.  M.,  every  thirty  minutes. 

Mott  Haven — Foot  Peck  Slip.  Boats  leave  at  7,  8, 
9.15,  and  11.30  a.  m.,  1.15,  3.15,  4.15,  5.15,  G.15  p.  m. 
From  foot  of  Eighth  street,  fifteen  minutes  later. 

Pavonia — Foot  Chambers,  N.  E.,  to  Long  Dock. 
From  1  A.  ji.  to  7  p.  m.,  every  fifteen  minutes ;  from 
7  p.  M.  to  1  A.  M.,  every  half  hour. 

Stateti  Mand — (New  Brighton,  Port  Richmond,  and 
Snug  Harbor.) — Foot  Whitehall.     5  trips  daily. 

Staten  Idand — (Quarantine,  Stapleton,  and  Vandcr- 
bilt's  Landing.) — Foot  Whitehall.  From  G  a.  m.  to 
7  p.  M.,  every  hour.  The  7  and  9  a.  m.  and  1,  4,  and 
6  p.  M.,  connect  with  the  trains  of  the  iStaten  Island 
Railroad. 

WeehawJcen—Y ooi  West  Forty-second.  From  7  a.  m. 
to  9  p.  M.,  every  twenty  minutes. 

Astoria  Ferry— Foot  East  Ninety-second.  Boats 
run  every  fifteen  minutes. 


EXPKESS  COMPANIES. 

Adamn  Express,  59  Broadway,  Spring  and  Broadway,  and  2Tth  street 

and  Fourth  Avenue. 
American,  61  Hudson  street  and  280  Canal  street 
American- European,  72  Broadway. 
Astoria  and  Ravenswood,  13  John  street 
Bath  (Remson's),  117  John  street 
Bergen  Express  ( Van  Riper),  56  Coiirtlandt  street. 
Breese  Express,  162  Broadway  and  2S0  Canal  street 
Brooklyn  Express  (  WestcotCs),  1  Park  Place 
Brooklyn  (PlumVs)  170  West  street. 
Brooklyn  {Stiidley's)  142  Grand  street 


106  OITY  OF  NEW   YOBK, 

Brooldyn  and  New  York  (Simonson's),  181  Atlantic  street,  Brooklyn, 

and  71  Courtlandt  street,  New  York. 
Sudd's  Newark  Expres.%  66  Courtlamlt  street 
Burnham^a  Furniture  Express,  115  West  Eleventh  street 
Coney  Island  Express,  IIT  John  street. 
Oonneclicut  River  Express,  254  Broadway. 
Oiiba  {Bomhnlier  ,&  Co's)  Express,  42  Broadway. 
Denning's  Express,  Pier  30  N.  E. 
Dodds'  Express,  toot  Courtlandt  street 
Fori  Washington  and  CannnnseiUe,  280  Canal  street 
Flushing  Express  (Foster's),  ]]  James  Slip. 
Flushing  (Latvrence's),  179  Sontli  street. 
Freehold,  N.  J.  (VanwoerVs),  153  West  street 
Greenpoint  and  Hunter's  Point,  13  John  street 
Hackensack  Express,  foot  Chambers  street 
JTandford's  (City)  Express,  170  West  street 
Harnden's  Express  Company,  65  Broadway. 
Hempstead  and  Jamaica  Express,  117  John  street 
Hohoken  and  tlamhurg- Bremen  Steamship  Express  (liaab  <&  Oo.\ 

222  Washington  street 
I/oboken  (Vaniassel's)  Express,  Pier  26  N.  R. 
Hope  Express,  162  Broadway  and  230  Canal  street 
Huntington  (Barney's)  Express,  Pier  26  E.  E. 
Jersey  City  (Craig's),  74  Courtlandt  Street 
Kennedy's  City  Express,  47  John  and  183  East  Fortieth  street 
Kingston  (Ja.)  and  Mexican  Express,  30  Broadway. 
Kinsley  &  Co.'s  Express,  72  Broadway  and  280  Canal  street. 
Long  island  Railroad  Express,  5  James  Slip. 
Manhattanville  (Bowden),  280  Canal  street 
Merchant's  Union,  194  Broadway. 

Metropolitan  I'ublio  Conveyance  Company,  25  Chambers  street. 
Mittnacht's,  203  Church  street. 

Morgan's  City  Express,  952  Broadway  and  280  Canal  street. 
Morris  Express,  50  Broadway. 

National  Express  Company,  65  Broadway  and  280  Canal  street 
National  Express  and  Transportation  Company,  298  Broadway. 
New  Bedford,  Express,  65  Broadway. 
Neptune  (Prov.)  Express,  193  Broadway. 
New  Jersey  Express  Company,  foot  Courtlandt  street 
New  Jersey  Express.  222  Washington  street 
New  York  Express  Company,  146  Fifth  Avenue. 
New  York  (Rollings)  Jay  and  Greenwich  streets. 
Neicark  B  <&  B.,  227  Pearl  street. 
Newark  (Buck  <fc  Pomeroy),  167  Washington  street. 
Nyaek  (Barclay's),  2  Harrison  street,. 
Paterson  (Blundell's)  Express,  271  Washington  street 
Paterson  (Scott's  Express),  114  Keade  street 
Paterson  Express,  187  Chambers  street 
Paierson  (McGregor's),  195  Chambers  street 
Paterson  (Adams')  Express,  187  Chambers  street. 
PuUen's,  1  Tryon  Eow.  and  Twenty-sixth  street  and  Fourth  Avenue. 
Raynor's  Furniture  Express,  269  Canal  street 
Reid'a  Express,  48  Broadway. 

Rockaway  and  Yorkville  Express,  117  John  street 
Rowland's  (^Brooklyn)  Express,  13  Park  Place. 


LOCATION  OF  PIERS. 


106  A 


Stvdlei/y  City  Eivpress  Company/,  Fourth  Avenue  and  27th  street. 

Sing  Sing,  1  Hudson  street, 

SmiWs  City  Express,  S  Old  Slip. 

Spaulding^s  Express,  2  Astor  House. 

Union  Express  Company,  127  Broad  street. 

Tarrypywn  {Riker'n),  271  Washington  street 

United  States  Express,  S2  Broadway  and  280  Canal  street 

Yonkers  {Riker's),  271  Washington  street. 

WESTCOTT'S 
New  York.  Brooklyn,  Williamsburg,  Jersey  City,  Hoboken  and  Long 

Branch  EXPRESS. 
Offices  in  NeioYork :  Nos.  239,  785  and  945  Broadway  and  1  Park  Place. 

Corner  Si.\th  Avenue  and  Forty-second  street 

Harlem  K.U.  Depot  Twenty-si.-vth  street  and  Fourth  Avenue,  Hudson 

Kiver  R.K.  Depot,  Twenty-ninth  street,  bet  Ninth  and  Tenth  Avenues. 
Brooklyn:  No.  269  Washington  street,  City  Hall  Square. 


LOCATION  OF  PIERS. 


NORTH  RIVER. 

1,  Battery  Place. 

2,  3.  Bstttery  Place  and  Morris. 
4,  Morris. 

6,  6,  7,  Morris  and  Rector. 

8.  Rector. 

9, 10,  Rector  and  Carlisle. 

11,  Carlisle. 

12,  Albany. 

13,  Albany  and  Cedar. 
14, 'Cedar. 

15,  Liberty. 

16,  Liberty  and  Courtlandt 

17,  18,  Courtlandt 

19,  Courtland'  and  Dey. 

20,  Dey. 

21,  Fulton. 

22,  23,  24,  Fulton  and  Vesey. 

25,  Vesey. 

26,  Vesey  nnd  Barclay. 

27,  Robinson. 

28,  Murray. 

29,  Warren. 

30,  Chambers. 

31,  Duaiie. 

32,  Duane  and  Jay. 
3:3,  Jay. 

84,  Harrison. 

85,  Franklin. 

86,  North  Moore 

87,  Beach. 

88,  Hubert 


39,  Vestry. 

40,  Watts. 

41,  Hoboken. 

42,  C^nal. 

43,  Spring. 

44,  Spring  and  Charlton. 

45,  Charlton. 

46,  King. 

47,  West  Houston. 

48,  Clarkson. 

49,  Leroy. 
60,  Morton. 

51,  Christopher. 

EAST  RIVER. 
1,  2,  Whitehall. 

3,  Moore. 

4,  Moore  and  Broad. 

5,  Broad  and  Coenties  Slip. 

6,  7,  8,  Coenties  Slip. 

9,  10,  Coenties  and  Old  Slip. 
11,  12,  Old  Slip. 

13,  Old  Slip  and  Gouverneur 

14,  Jones  Lane. 

15,  16,  Wall. 

17,  Pine. 

18,  Maiden  Lane. 

19,  Fletcher. 
20,21,  Burling  Slip. 

22,  Fulton. 

23,  Beeknian. 

24  Beekmnn  and  Peck  Sllpti 


106B 


CITY  OF  NBW   YOEK, 


55,  26,  Peck  Slip. 

45,  Rutgers  and  Jefferson. 

27,  Dover. 

46,  Jefferson. 

28,  Dover  and  Roosevelt 

47,  Jefferson  and  Clinton. 

29,  Roosevelt. 

48,  Clinton. 

80,  Roosevelt  and  Jamea  Slip. 

49,  Clinton  and  Montgomerj. 

31,  32,  Janies  Slip. 

50,  Montgomery. 

88,  Oliver. 

51,  52,  Gouverneur. 

34,  35,  Catherine. 

53,  Jackson. 

36,  Catherine  and  Market. 

54,  Corlears. 

37,  38,  Market 

55,  Cherry. 

39,  Market  and  Pike. 

56,  57,  Broome. 

40,  41.  Pike. 

58,  59,  Delancey. 

42,  Pike  and  Rutgers. 

60,  Rlvington. 

48.  44,  Rutgers. 

61,  Rivington  and  Stanton. 

OFFICES  OF  CITY  GOVERNMENT. 


Bureau  of  Cleaning  Streets,  Office,  237  Broadway. 

Law  Department,  Office,  82  Nassau  street. 

Bureau  of  the  Corporation  Attorney,  OfQce,  115  Nassau 

street. 
Bureau  of  the  Public  Administrator,  Office,  115  Nassau 

street. 
County  Clerk's  Office,  New  Court-House. 
Board  of  Supervisors,  New  Court-House. 
Sheriff's  Office,  New  Court-House. 
Register's  Office,  1  Hall  of  Records. 
Surrogate's  Office,  1  Hall  of  Records. 
Coroner's  Office,  11  City  Hall. 
Commissioners  of  Jurors,  Office,  3  Chambers  street. 
Commissioners  of  Emigration,  Office,  Castle  Garden. 
Board  of  Health  Commissioners,  301  Mott  street. 
Tax  Commissioners,  Office,  Basement  New  Court-House, 

32  Chambers  street. 
United  States  Loan  Commissioners,  Office,  83  Nassau 

street. 
Commissioners  of  Central  Park,  Office,  31  Nassau  street. 
Police  Commissioners,  Office,  300  Mulberry  street. 
Commission  of  Public  Charities  and  Correction,  Office, 

Eleventh  street,  corijer  Third  Avenue. 


OTTY    OF   BBOOKLYN.  107 

Board  of  Inspection  of   Buildings,   Office,   2  Fourth 


CIVIL   COUETS  FOR  THE  COUNTY 
AND  CITY  OF  NEW  YOEK. 

Supreme  Court.  New  Court  House,  32  Cl-iambors-street. 

Superior  Court;  J^ew  Court  House. 

Common  Pleas,  New  Court  House. 

Marine  Court,  New  Court  House,  32  Chambers-street. 


THE   CITY  OF  BROOKLYN, 

Being  by  far  the  largest  and  most  important  place 
adjacent  to  New  York,  claims  more  than  a  passing 
notice. 

Brooklyn  has,  within  the  past  few  years,  been  char- 
acterized by  the  same  degree  of  advancement  as  New 
York.  Its  present  population  is  estimated  at  450,000 ; 
while  its  numerous  and  elegant  churches,  public  build- 
ings, and  stately  private  residences,  render  it  equally 
conspicuous.  It  is  a  tiivorite  place  of  residence  by  the 
New  Yorkers,  from  its  pure  air,  as  well  as  its  numerous 
trees,  wliich  line  most  of  its  streets,  and  impart  to  it  a 
rural  aspect.  Faltcm  Aveiuie,  Flatbush  Avenue,  and 
the  intersecting  great  highways,  are  tine  thorougiifares. 
Brooklyn,  as  to  its  name,  is  supposed  to  be  derived 
from  the  Dutch,  Breucklen  (bi-oken  land).  It  was  in- 
corporated as  a  village  in  1816.  It  has  but  few  relics 
remaining.  Tliere  is  an  old  house,  dated  1690,  on  the 
route  to  Gowanus,  by  the  Fifth  Avenne.  It  is  known 
as  the  Cortelyou  House. 

The  first  European  settler  in  this  town  is  supposed 
to  have  been  George  Jansen  de  Rapelje,  at  the  Waal- 


108  CITY    OF   NEW    YORK. 

Doglit,  or  "Waaloons  Bay,  during  the  Directorship  of 
Peter  Minuit,  under  the  charter  of  the  West  India 
Company. 

FO£T  GSEENE, 

An  elevated  plateau,  northeast  of  the  Brooklyn  City 
Hall,  was,  during  the  Eevolutionary  war,  the  site  of 
important  fortifications.  It  has  recently  been  laid  out 
as  a  public  park,  and  planted  with  trees.  The  view  of 
the  surrounding  country  from  this  elevation  is  exceed- 
ingly attractive. 

THE  CITY  HALL 

Faces  the  junction  of  Fulton  and  Court  streets,  and  is 
distant  from  Fulton  Ferry  about  one  mile.  It  is  a  noble 
Ionic  structure,  built  of  Westchester  marble,  and  admi- 
rably planned.  It  has  a  solid,  substantial  look.  Its 
measurement  is  as  follows :  162  feet  in  length  by  102 
in  width  ;  height  75  feet ;  to  the  top  of  the  cupola  the 
height  is  153  feet.  The  cost  of  the  Hall  was  about 
$200,000.  The  Park,  which  is  inclosed  with  the  build- 
ing, is  of  a  triangular  form. 

THE  CITY  AKMOBY, 

An  elegant  brick  and  brown  stone  structure,  on  the 
corner  of  Henry  and  Cranberry  streets,  occupies  the 
site  of  the  old  Apprentices'  Library,  the  corner  stone 
of  which  was  laid  by  Lafayette.  The  armory  was  fin- 
ished, January,  1859.  It  measures  100  feet  by  50 — is 
four  stories  high,  with  basement.  The  three  upper  sto- 
ries are  occupied  by  the  13th,  14th,  and  72d  Regiments ; 
the  fourth  being  used  as  a  general  drill  room.  The  cost 
was  $14,300. 

THE  STATE  AESENAL 

Is  located  on  the  corner  of  Portland  Avenue  and  Au- 
burn Place,  opposite  Fort  Greene,  on  Washington  Park. 
It  is  200  feet  by  60  in  measurement,  having  2  towers, 
and  is  2  stories  high.     It  incloses  14  lots  of  ground. 


BROOKLYN   PUBLIC   BDILDINGS.  109 

The  70th  Reghncnt  of  Artillery  have  their  quarters 
here.    The  cost  was  $40,000. 


THE  POST-OFFICE 

Is  located  on  Washington  street,  near  the  junction  of 
Fulton  street  and  Myrtle  avenue.  The  mail  deliveiy 
between  the  General  Post-Office  of  New  York  and 
Brooklyn  occurs  several  times  every  day. 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  MUSIC. 

This  is  a  noble  edifice  constructed  of  brick,  and  costinj* 
about  $125,000.  It  is  located  on  Montague  near  Court 
street,  nearly  opposite  the  City  Post  Office. 

THE  WATEE-WORKS. 

This  great  desideratum  of  Brooklyn  has  recently  come 
into  operation,  and  promises  an  abundant  su[)[)ly  to  its 
inhabitants  of  pure  water.  It  has  already  been  intro- 
duced into  the  streets  and  houses.  The  sources  from 
which  the  supply  is  obtained  is  Rockville  reservoir,  and 
others  adjacent  to  Hempstead,  L.  I.  From  thence  it 
is  conveyed  by  an  open  canal  to  Jamaica  reservoir, 
through  a  conduit  to  Ridgewood  reservoir,  where  it  is 
forced  up  to  an  elevation  sufficient  to  answer  all  pur- 
poses required.  The  water  is  pronounced  e([iial,  if  not 
superior,  in  purity  of  taste  to  the  Croton  water. 

THE  KINGS  COUNTY  JAIL 

Is  situated  in  Raymond  street,  at  the  foot  of  Fort 
Greene.  It  is  a  dark,  heavy-looking,  castellated  Gothic 
edifice  in  front,  built  of  red  sandstone,  witli  Gothic  win- 
dows at  each  side,  and  a  large  yard  at  tlie  back. 

THE  UNITED  STATES  NAVY  YAKD, 
At  Brooklyn,  well  deserves  the  notice  of  visitors.     It 


110  CITY   OF   NEW   TOEK. 

is  situated  upon  the  south  side  of  Wallabout  Bay,  in 
the  northeast  part  of  tiie  city.  It  occupies  about  forty 
acres  of  ground,  inclosed  by  a  high  wall.  There  are 
here  two  large  ship-houses  for  vessels  of  the  largest 
class,  with  workshops,  and  every  requisite  necessary 
for  an  extensive  naval  depot.  A  dry  dock  constructed 
here  cost  about  one  million  of  dollars. 

The  United  States  Naval  Lyceum,  an  intei-esting 
place,  also  in  the  Navy  Yard,  is  a  literary  institution, 
formed  in  1833,  by  officers  of  the  navy  connected  with 
the  port.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  Wallabout,  half 
a  mile  east  of  the  Navy  Yard,  is  the  Marine  Hospital, 
u  tine  building,  erected  on  a  commanding  situation,  and 
surrounded  by  upwards  of  tliirty  acres  of  well-culti- 
vated ground.  At  the  Wallabout  were  stationed  the 
Jersey  and  other  prison-ships  of  the  English,  during 
the  Kevolutionary  war,  in  which  it  is  said  11,500 
American  prisoners  perished  from  the  bad  air,  close 
confinement,  and  ill-treatment.  In  1808,  the  bones  of 
the  sufferers,  which  had  been  washed  out  from  tlie 
bank  where  they  had  been  buried,  were  collected  and 
deposited  in  thirteen  coffins,  inscribed  with  the  names 
of  the  thirteen  original  States,  and  placed  in  a  vault 
beneath  a  wooden  building,  erected  for  the  purpose  in 
Hudson  Avenue,  opposite  Front  street,  near  the  Navy 
Yard. 

It  is  estimated  that  the  Navy  Yard  contains  property 
to  the  amount  of  over  $23,000,000. 

THE  ATLANTIC  DOCK. 

These  extensive  works  are  situated  below  the  South 
Ferry,  within  what  is  called  Red  Hook  Point,  the  out- 
side pier  extending  some  3000  feet  on  the  "  Butter- 
milk Channel."  They  are  owned  by  a  Company,  which 
was  incorporated  in  1840,  with  a  capital  of  one  million 
of  dollars.  The  basin  within  the  piers  comprises  about 
42  acres,  with  a  sufficient  depth  of  water  to  receive 
ships  of  the  largest  size.  The  masonry  of  these  granite 
works  is  very  well  worth  visiting.     The  Hamilton  Fer- 


BKOOKLYN   PUBLIC   BtriLDINGS,  111 

ry,  from  the  Battery,  is  tlie  readiest  approach  to  the 
Atlantic  Dock. 

THE  LONG  ISLAND  COLLEGE  HOSPIIAL, 

Henry  street,  near  Pacific  street,  is  a  noble  instita- 
tioii,  liberally  endowed,  and  occupying  a  spacious  and 
elegant  edifice,  with  grounds  inclosed.  It  is  sustained 
by  the  most  eminent  medical  skill,  and  highly  prosper- 
ous in  its  results,  although  but  comparatively  a  recent 
institution. 

THE  FEMALE  ORPHAN  ASYLUM 

Is  situated  in  Congress  street,  and  the 

MALE  ORPHAN  ASYLUM, 
In  Bedford  Avenue. 

THE  CITY  HOSPITAL, 

In  Raymond  street,  near  De  Kalb  Avenue,  organized  in 
1845,  took  possession  of  its  present  edifice  in  1852. 

THE  DISPENSARY  FOR  THE  EYE  AND  EAR, 

No.  109  Pineapple  sti-eet,  was  established  in  1850. 
THE  POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE, 

On  Livingston  street,  between  Court  and  Boerum 
streets,  is  a  beautiful  modern  edifice,  devoted  to  the 
education  of  young  lads.  It  possesses  a  fine  lecture- 
room,  and  is  under  the  management  of  a  regular 
faculty. 

THE  PACKER  COLLEGIATE  INSTITUTE, 

For  the  instruction  of  young  ladies,  is  situated  in  Jora- 
leraou  street,  between  Court  and  Clinton  streets.  It  is 
an  elegant  Gothic  building  of  brick,  and  very  spaciouj 
and  elegant  in  its  appointments.    There  is  a  large  loo 


113  CITY   OF   NEW   TOEK. 

ture-room  in  the  centre  of  the  edifice,  which  is  lighter! 
by  a  long  Gothic  window. 

There  are  in  Brooklyn  and  its  suburbs  over  30  ward 
schools,  some  being  of  the  largest  dimensions,  capable 
of  accommodating  1500  to  1800  children,  besides  pri- 
mary schools  and  schools  for  colored  children. 


BROOKLYN  HOTELS. 

THE  PIERKEPONT  HOUSE, 

fn  Montague  Place,  overlooking  the  Wall  Street  Ferry, 
IS  a  very  spacious  and  elegant  establishment,  possessing 
all  the  modern  accessories  of  a  first-class  hotel,  being 
adapted  to  every  conceivable  want, 

THE  MANSION  HOUSE, 

On  Henry  street,  not  far  from  the  corner  of  Pierrepont 
street,  is  another  of  the  large  hotels,  furnishing  elegant 
accommodations  for  some  250  guests. 

THE  GLOBE  HOTEL, 

No.  244  Fulton  street,  is  a  conveniently  located  house 
for  visitors.  The  Brooklyn  cars  pass  it  every  five 
minutes.     It  is  much  frequented  by  oflBcers  of  the  navy 


PUBLIC  mSTTTUnONS. 

THE  BBOOELYN  ATHENiBUlir, 

On  the  corner  of  Atlantic  and  Clinton  streets,  is  a 
literary  institution,  containing  a  fine  library,  reading- 


BEOOKLIN    PUBLIC   INSTITUTIONS.  113 

room,  lecture-room,  &;c.  There  is  a  Mercantile  Library 
Association  connected  with  it,  on  the  plan  of  the  New 
York  society  of  that  name.  It  is  a  liandsonie  brick 
building,  with  stone  facings.  There  is  a  good  library 
connected  with  the  Association. 

THE  LYCEUM, 

Situate  in  Washington  street,  corner  of  Concord  street, 
is  a  literary  institution  of  repute.  It  contains  a  good 
library,  designed  for  youth ;  also,  a  museum  of  natural 
history,  lecture-room,  &c. 

THE  BEOOKLYN  SAVINGS  BANK, 

On  the  junction  of  Concord  and  Fulton  streets,  has 
long  been  one  of  the  architectural  ornaments  of  this 
city.  It  is  one  of  the  most  elegant,  externally  and  in- 
ternally, of  the  numerous  elegant  edifices  of  Brooklyn. 

HAISEY  BiriLDINGS, 

A  splendid  range  of  iron  buildings,  on  Fulton  street, 
facing  the  City  Hall,  present  a  fine  specimen  of  archi- 
tectural skill.  The  same  remark  will  api)ly  to  the 
stately  mansions  that  cluster  along  Montague  street, 
Remsen  street,  and  the  vicinity  of  Wall  Street  Ferry, 
and  several  parts  of  South  Brooklyn. 

GBEENWOOD  CEMETEEY. 

(Office  No.  30  Broadway.) 

The  situation  of  this  cemetery  is  on  Gowanua 
Heights,  about  two  and  a  half  miles  from  the  South 
Ferry,  whence  visitors  can  easily  be  conveyed  to  the 
cemetery  in  an  omnibus. 

Tire  cemetery  is  laid  out  in  the  most  tastefully  varie- 
gated manner,  with  fifteen  miles  of  avenues,  besides  nu- 
merous paths.  In  its  more  elevated  parts  it  commands 
beautiful  and  attractive  views,  such  as  the  city  of  New- 
York,  with  its  bay  and  harbor,  its  islauds  and  fort% 


114  CITY   OF   NEW    YORK. 

and  reaching  away  beyond  all  interjacent  objects,  it 
carries  out  the  eye  to  the  great  ocean  itself. 

On  the  margin  of  "  Sylvan  Lake"  stands  the  memo- 
rial of  the  fair,  yet  hapless  girl  of  the  forest  ^'■Do-hum- 
me,"  who  so  soon  exchanged  her  bridal  for  her  burial. 
Not  far  from  this  monument  is  the  tomb  of  the  friend- 
less poet,  McDonald  Clarke,  and  near  by,  that  of  the 
young  and  beautiful  votary  of  fashion,  Miss  Cauda, 
whose  sudden  death  caused  such  deep  syinpathy  some 
years  since.  This  magnificent  tomb  cost  $10,000. 
Among  the  numerous  costly  monuments,  ought  to  be 
named  the  Pilots'  and  the  Firemen's  columns. 

This  cemetery  is  330  acres  in  extent,  and  is  of  undu- 
lating and  varied  character.  Free  admission  is  granted 
to  the  public  on  week  day^  by  tickets  obtainable  from 
any  undertaker,  but  ou  Sabbath  this  privilege  is  re- 
stricted to  proprietors,  their  families,  and  persons  who 
may  be  of  their  party.  The  principal  avenue  is  named 
The  Tour,  and  by  keeping  in  this,  strangers  will  secure 
the  most  ttivorable  general  view.  A  little  careful  at- 
tention, however,  to  the  guide-boards  in  tlie  grounds, 
will  enable  them,  ere  long,  to  thread  their  way  through 
the  more  retired,  but  not  less  beautiful  passages,  within 
this  solemn  inclosure. 

Some  four  or  five  miles  eastward  of  Brooklyn  are 
the  Cemeteries  of  the  Evergreens  and  Cypress  Hills; 
they  do  not,  however,  compare  with  Greenwood  for 
beauty  of  scenery  or  architectural  adornment. 

The  vicinity  of  Brooklyn  possesses  many  points  of 
interest;  we  can  but  name  some  of  them.  Williams- 
hurgh — which,  were  it  not  now  incorporated  with 
Brooklyn,  would  be  considered  a  city  of  itself — Flush- 
ing, Flatbush,  Jamaica,  Bath,  Fort  Hamilton,  Coney 
Island,  New  Utrecht,  EocTcaway,  &e.  Near  Ouildford, 
on  a  rocky  peninsula,  is  the  cave  of  the  notorious 
pirate,  Oapt.  Kidd ;  it  is  marked  with  his  initials. 


CHtlKCHES   OF   BROOKLYN.  HQ 


CHURCHES  OF  BROOKLYN. 

In  addition  to  numerous  elegant  stores  and  private 
mansions,  tliat  in  many  instances  vie  witli  tliose  of  the 
Fiftli  Avenue  of  New  York,  Brookl}^  possesses  about 
80  churclies.     The  most  notable  of  these  are 

CnURCH  OF  THE  HOLY  TMNITY, 

Corner  of  Clinton  and  Montague  streets,  is  a  splendid 
Gothic  edifice,  of  brown  stone,  measuring,  with  the  rec- 
tory adjoining,  160  feet;  widtli,  80  feet.  The  windows 
are  of  richly-stained  glass.  That  in  the  church,  repre- 
senting the  scene  of  the  Ascension,  is  especially  note- 
worthy. This  elegant  edifice  cost  $100,000.  Tlie  Rev. 
Dr,  Littlejohn  is  the  rector. 

THE  CHURCH  OF  THE  PILGRIMS, 

On  the  corner  of  Uenry  and  Ilemsen  streets,  erected  in 
1845,  is  of  stone,  and  built  in  the  early  Norman  style. 
It  is  very  spacious,  measuring  135  feet  by  80.  In  the 
main  tower,  about  six  feet  from  the  ground,  may  he 
seen  inserted  a  piece  of  the  "Pilgrim  Rock,"  from 
Plymouth.  The  lecture-room  is  at  the  rear  of  the 
church,  and  is  very  spacious.  The  cost  of  the  building 
was  about  $50,000.     Rev.  Dr.  Storrs,  Jr.,  is  the  pastor. 

GRACE  CHURCH, 

Situated  in  Hicks  street,  near  Remsen  street.  It  is 
built  of  brown  stone,  and  presents  a  fair  specimen  of 
the  florid  Gothic.  Its  interior  is  very  beautiful — length 
of  the  nave,  85  feet;  width,  GO  feet;  and  the  chancel, 
28  by  24  feet.  There  is  an  adjoining  chapel,  60  by  22 
feet.     The  cost  of  the  church  was  $42,000. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  SAVIOUE 

(Unitarian),  on  the  corner  of  Pierrepont  street  and  Mon- 


116  CITY    OF   NEW    TOEK. 

roe  Place,  is  of  red  sandstone,  in  the  pointed  Gothic. 
It  is  an  elaborately-decorated  and  symmetrical  struc- 
ture. The  cost  is  estimated  at  $60,000.  Eev.  Dr. 
Putnam  is  the  incumbent. 

FIRST  EETOKMED  DUTCH  CHTTRCH, 

At  the  rear  of  the  City  Hall,  was  erected  in  1834.  It 
measures  111  feet  by  66;  is  of  the  Grecian  order,  and 
has  a  deep  pediment,  supported  by  eight  massive  lonio 
columns,  which  impart  to  the  edifice  a  fine  eftect.  In 
the  rear  of  the  pulpit  is  an  eifectively-painted  recess. 
The  Rev.  Dr.  Dwight  is  the  pastor. 

PLYMOUTH  CHUKCH, 
In  Orange  street,  between  Hicks  and  Henry  streets,  is 
perhaps  the  largest  church  in  Brooklyn,  and  is  yet 
found  insufficient  for  the  large  concourse  which  attends 
the  preaching  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Ward  Beecher,  since 
the  society  contemplate  the  immediate  erection  of  a  yet 
more  spacious  building,  on  the  Heights,  near  the  Wall 

Street  Ferry.  

CHSIST  CHUBCH, 
In  Cliiiton  street,  is  a  Gothic  building,  measuring  100 
feet  by  60,  with  a  tower  100  feet  high.     There  is,  in 
the  rear  of  the  church,  a  lecture-room.     The  cost  was 

$28,000.  

STB0N6  PLACE  CHUBCH, 

South  Brooklyn,  is  another  fine  Gotliic  edifice,  built  of 
stone,  and  much  ornamented  in  the  interior.  The  Rev. 
Dr.  Taylor  is  the  pastor. 

THE  FIBST  PRESBYTEBLAN  CHURCH, 

In  Henry  street,  near  Clarke,  is  a  massive-looking  struc- 
ture ;  lecture-rooms,  &c.,  attached. 

THE  DUTCH  BEFORMED  CHUBCH, 

In  Pierrepont  street,  is  a  remarkable  structure,  and  well 


BBOOKLTN.    RAII.K0AD3.  117 

worth  visiting.  Its  interior  is  exceedingly  beautiful,  ana 
said  to  have  been  modelled  after  the  earliest  Christian 
church,  built  by  the  mother  of  Constantino.  Its  elab- 
orate, yet  chaste  decorations  present  a  rich  effect.  The 
Rev  Dr.  Bethune,  till  recently,  was  the  pastor. 

ST.  ANN'S  CHUBCH, 

Corner  of  Sands  street  and  Washington,  is  one  of  the 
early  churches  of  Brooklyn  ;  and  althougli  of  a  modest 
exterior,  has  a  plot  of  green  sward  surrounding  it  which 
is   very  inviting  to  the  eye. 

THE  METHODIST  CHURCH, 

In  Clinton  street,  near  Atlantic,  is  a  rough-hewn  stone 
edifice,  of  the  Norman  style  ;  over  the  principal  entrance 
there  is  a  large  circular  window.  The  interior  is  neat 
and  attractive  in  its  arrangement. 

There  are  numerous  other  religious  edifices,  which 
proves  that  it  is  no  misnomer  which  has  b6en  applied 
to  Brooklyn—"  the  City  of  Churches." 


CITY    RAILKOADS. 

The  Broollyn  CUt/ Railroads  take  the  following  routes, 
starting  from  the  Fulton  Ferry  :  one  line  runs  through 
Fulton  street,  up  Fulton  Avenue,  terminating  at  East 
New  York,  about  7  miles  from  the  City  Hall ;  another 
passes  through  Sands  street  to  Williamsburgh ;  a  third 
line  goes  up  Fulton  street,  Myrtle  Avenue,  to  Division 
Avenue;  a  fourth  passes  up  Fulton  street,  through 
Court  street,  to  Greenwood  Cemetery,  and  tlio  iifth 
from  South  Ferry,  through  Atlantic  Avenue  to  BedforJ, 


118  CITY   OF  NEW   TOKK. 


PLEASURE  EXCUESIONS. 

The  environs  of  New  York  abound  in  picturesque  re- 
treats for  the  lover  of  rural  beauty.  Not  only  are  abun- 
dant facilities  rendered  available  to  the  pleasure  tourist, 
in  the  multiplicity  of  modes  of  conveyance  by  land  or 
by  water,  but  the  geographical  position  of  the  metropolis 
places  within  the  circuit  of  a  few  miles  almost  every 
variety  of  beautiful  scenery,  as  well  as  villages,  towns, 
and  localities  of  historic  interest.  For  a  cool  sea-breeze 
and  pleasing  aquatic  excursion,  the  trip  by  the  steamer 
for  Shrewsbury  and  Long  Branch,  or  Coney  Island, 
will  be  found  full  of  interest.  Boats  for  the  former 
leave  foot  of  Robinson  street,  North  River,  and  Peck 
Slip,  East  River,  daily ;  for  the  latter  the  boat  starts 
from  the  foot  of  Battery  Place. 

STATEN  ISLAND 

Is  a  place  of  much  attraction  as  a  summer  resort,  and 
the  boats  make  tlie  trip  every  hour,  from  Whitehall 
dock,  near  the  Battery,  The  scenery  is  exceedingly  fine, 
and  the  drives  to  the  Telegraph  station,  Stapleton, 
Richmond,  New  Brighton,  with  their  clusters  of  beau- 
tiful villas  and  country  seats,  are  full  of  attraction. 


On  the  New  Jersey  shore,  is  Hoboken,  with  its 
Elysian  fields  and  pleasure  grounds,  the  bold  blulfs  of 
Weehawken,  the  Sybil's  cave,  and  the  memorable  spot 
of  the  duel  between  Col.  Burr  and  General  Hamilton. 
The  boats  for  Hoboken  leave  every  half-hour  from 
Canal  street,  Barclay  street,  and  Christopher  street 
ferries 


PLEASURE  EXOTTRSIONS, 


THROG'S  POINT 


Is  another  pleasing  excursion.  Sixteen  miles  from  the 
city.  It  is  the  termination,  at  Lon<^  Island  Sound,  of 
Throg's,  or  rather  Throgiuorton's  Neck.  From  this 
headland,  which  divides  the  East  River  from  the 
Sound,  a  very  splendid  view  is  obtained.  Fort  Schuy- 
ler, on  the  point,  and  Pelham  Bridge,  may  be  em- 
braced in  this  excursion. 

ASTOSIA. 

A  third  excursion  may  take  for  its  terminus  the 
thriving  village  of  Astoria,  six  miles  to  the  northeast 
of  New  York.  The  academy,  botanic  gardens,  &c.,  are 
worthy  of  notice  ;  but  its  most  interesting  feature  is  the 
singular  whirlpool  in  its  neighborhood,  denominated 
Helle  Ga^-"  Hell  Gate"— by  the  Dutch. 

CItOTON  DAM. 

A  visit  to  the  great  Croton  Aqueduct  is  one  of  the 
most  interesting  expeditions,  as  well  as  the  easiest, 
that  could  be  devised.  The  village  of  Croton  is  about 
35  miles  from  the  city,  which  is  reached  best  by  the 
Hudson  River  Railroad.  The  famous  Bam  pertaining  to 
the  works  is  well  worthy  of  a  visit.  The  lake,  meas- 
uring 5  miles,  covers  an  area  of  400  acres;  it  is  formed 
by  a  dam  250  feet  long,  and  38  feet  wide  at  the  base, 
allowing  a  discharge  of  GO  million  gallons  of  water  daijy. 
Cars  leave  the  Chambers-street  depot,  at  the  junction 
of  West  Broadway,  every  hour. 

DAVID'S  ISLAND, 

Which  may  be  reached  by  taking  the  New  Haven  cars 
to  New  Rochelle,  and  thence  by  stage  to  the  ferry,  ic 
now  occupied  as  a  hospital  for  sick  and  wounded  sol- 
diers, and  is  admirably  arranged  under  the  superin- 
tendence of  Dr.  Simmons  of  the  army.  It  is  well  worth 
a  visit. 


120  CITY   OF   NEW   TOBK. 


THE  ENVIEOIS'S  OF  THE  CITY. 

FLUSfflNG. 

A  pleasant  trip  to  the  entrance  of  Long  Island  Sound, 
brings  one  to  Flushing,  a  remarkably  rural  and  pictu- 
resque town,  with  extensive  botanic  gardens,  nurseries, 
and  numerous  elegant  residences.  It  is  a  chosen  subur- 
ban retreat  of  the  New  Yorkers.  The  Flushing  boat 
leaves,  twice  a  day,  the  dock  adjoining  the  Fulton 
Ferry. 

FORT  HAMILTON, 

An  attractive  place  on  the  southwestern  shore  of  Long 
Island,  about  five  miles  from  the  city ;  and 

CONEY  ISLAND, 

A  short  distance  beyond,  forming  a  part  of  Gravesend 
Township,'  is  a  sea-girt  barren  sand-heap,  but  com- 
mands a  splendid  view  of  the  ocean,  and  is  a  place  of 
much  resort  by  bathers.  Cars  from  Brooklyn,  and 
boats  from  pier  No.  1  North  River,  New  York,  leavo 
daily  for  these  places. 

JAMAICA, 

Which  is  easy  of  access  by  the  L.  I.  Railroad,  South 
Ferry,  which  leaves  three  or  four  times  a  day,  is  an 
interesting  old  rural  town,  and  is  the  highway  of  com- 
munication to  Hempstead,  Greenpoint,  Rockaway,  and 
Montauk  :  the  last  named,  on  the  extremity  of  the  island, 
affords  a  magnificent  view  of  the  broad  ocean,  which 
there  skirts  the  horizon  in  almost  every  direction. 
There  is  a  remnant  of  pure  Indians  still  living  on  thia 
eastern  extremity  of  the  coast. 

BOCKAWAY  BEACH 

[3  another  fashionable  watering-place ;  there  is  a  splen- 


ENVIRONS.  321 

did  hotel  here,  and  every  accommodation  for  tlio  com- 
fort of  the  valetudinarian.  Turning  again  to  the  shores 
of  New  Jersey  on  the  west,  we  find  no  less  inviting 
Attractions. 

JERSEY  CITY, 

With  its  prodigious  Depot  of  the  Philadelphia  and  other 
trains,  its  noble  Ferry  Depot,  and  its  numerous  facto- 
ries, streets  of  busy  merchants,  &c.,  first  greet  us.  This 
city  is  the  starting  point  of  several  important  railroad 
trains,  which  convey  the  tourist  at  almost  any  hour  to 
the  several  places  we  shall  briefly  specify :  namely-  - 

PATERSON, 

A  large  manufacturing  village,  with  its  picturesque  Falls 
of  the  Passaic — one  of  the  most  romantic  cascades  that 
are  to  be  seen.  The  water  is  not  of  great  volume,  but 
its  precipitous  leap  over  rocky  precipices,  gives  to  the 
scene  a  beautiful  eifect. 

ELIZABETH  CITY 

Is  another  place  of  interest,  not  only  from  its  being  one 
of  the  oldest  settlements  in  the  State  (1664),  but  also 
on  account  of  its  handsome  buildings,  and  beautifully 
arranged  streets,  wliich  are  garnished  with  the  richest 
foliage. 

NEWARK, 

One  of  the  most  important  manufacturing  cities  of  the 
State,  is  fast  becoming  a  great  centre  of  activity  in  all 
the  useful  arts.  Being  a  convenient  halting-place  for 
the  Philadelphia  trains,  this  city  has  increased  with 
wonderful  rapidity  during  a  few  years.  It  abounds 
with  magnificent  churches,  and  is  considered  in  all  re- 
spects a  model  city  for  its  municipal  and  civil  order. 
Newark's  first  settlement  is  ascribed  to  an  ancient  date, 
1666,  by  a  colony  from  New  England.  Many  other 
adjacent  places  might  be  mentioned,  as  worthy  of  note, 
snch  as 


122 


OITT   OF   NKW   YOEK. 


KEW  BRUNSWICK, 

Also  an  incorjiorated  city,  with  its  celebrated  Prince- 
ton College,  &c., 

PERTH  AMBOY, 

So  named  from  its  originally  having  been  chartered  to 
the  Earl  of  Perth  in  1683,  is  a  neat  and  picturesque 
watering-place. 


DISTANCES  IN  THE  CITY. 


FROM 

FROM 

FROM 

BATTERY. 

EXCHANGE. 

OITT  HALL. 

TO 

i  mile. 

Rector  street 

i 

i  mile. 

Fulton. 

i 

i 

City  HalL 

1 

J 

i  mile. 

Leonard. 

li 

1 

i 

Canal. 

n 

n 

i 

Spring. 

n 

14 

1 

Houston. 

a 

n 

1* 

Fourth. 

2i 

2 

Ninth. 

2i 

2i 

H 

Fourteenth. 

n 

2= 

2 

Nineteenth. 

8 

2? 

2i 

Twenty-fourth. 

8i 

S 

2i 

Twenty-ninth.                               * 

»l 

Si 

2* 

Thirty-fourth. 

8| 

Si 

3 

Thirty-eighth. 

4 

3* 

Si 

Forty-fourth. 

H 

4 

Si 

Forty-ninth. 

*k 

4J 

Si 

Fifty-fourth. 

4* 

4i 

4 

Fifty-eighth. 

5 

4i 

4i 

Sixty-third. 

H 

6 

4i 

Sixty-eighth. 

5.V 

51 

4f 

Seventy-third. 

6| 

H 

5 

Seventy-eighth. 

6 

&i 

51 

Eighty-third. 

61 

6 

5i 

Eighty-eighth. 

6i 

6J 

5J 

Ninety-third. 

6* 

61 

6 

Ninety-seventh. 

7 

6} 

6i 

One  Hundred  and  Second. 

^i 

T 

el 

One  Hundred  and  Seventh. 

n 

7 

4 

One  Hundred  and  Twelfth. 

n 

7 

7 

One  Hundred  and  Seventeenth. 

8 

7 

7i- 

One  Hundred  and  Twenty-flrst.    ' 

8i 

8 

7i 

One  Hundred  and  Twenty-sixth.  | 

THE   HUDSON   EIVEB.  12S 

STREETS  AND  AVENTJES, 

The  length  of  the  blocks  between  First  and  One 
Hundred  and  Twenty-first  streets,  vary  from  181  to 
211  feet  11  inches. 

Those  between  the  Avenues  (whicli  run  at  righl 
angles  to  the  streets),  vary  from  405  to  920  feet. 

The  Avenues  are  all  100  feet  wide,  excepting  Lex- 
ington and  Madison,  wliich  are  75,  and  Fourth  Avenue, 
above  Thirty-fourth  street,  which  is  140  feet  wide. 

The  numerical  streets  are  all  60  feet  wide,  excepting 
Fourteenth,  Twenty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  Forty-second, 
and  eleven  others,  north  of  these,  which  are  100  feet 
wide. 


THE  HUDSON  RIVER. 

The  tour  of  the  noble  Hudson  is  of  such  especial  at- 
traction and  interest  to  travellers,  that  we  deem  it  fit- 
ting to  devote  a  page  or  two  to  its  description.  This 
magnificeuL  river  has  been  appropriately  styled  the 
Khine  of  America,  on  account- of  its  bold  and  pictur- 
esque scenery,  which  presents  every  variety  of  the 
beautiful  in  nature.  On  the  western  shores  may  bo 
seen  the  long  line  of  its  natural  ramparts — the  pali- 
sades; on  the  opposite  side,  its  magnificent  slopes  and 
towering  heights  crowned  with  numerous  elegant  coun- 
try mansions.  Adjacent  to  West  Point  are  the  colos- 
sal Highlands — those  grand  old  mountain-peaks  that 
rear  themselves  into  the  blue  sky;  and  farther  up,  on 
either  side,  are  the  numerous  towns  and  hamlets  that 
gem  the  margin  of  this  renowned  historic  river.  Not 
alone  for  physical  beauty  is  the  Hudson  celebrated ;  it 
is  full  of  historic  and  legendary  lore.  Its  waters  are 
vocal  with  the  hallowed  reminiscences  of  our  Revola- 
tionary  struggle ;  and  all  along  its  shores  linger  memo 


124  OITT   or   NEW    VORK. 

ries  of  heroic  deeds  of  our  forefathers.  Its  rocks  find 
valleys  are  chronicled  with  the  blood  of  the  martyrs 
and  heroes  of  freedom. 

What  though  no  cloister  gray,  nor  ivied  column, 

Along  these  cliflfe  their  sombre  ruins  rear; 
What  though  no  frowning  tower,  nor  temple  solemn, 

Of  tyrants  tell  of  superstition  here ; 
There's  not  a  verdant  glade,  nor  mountain  hoary, 
But  treasures  up  the  memory  of  freedom's  story. 

While  nature  has  been  thus  lavish  in  her  decorations 
of  this  noble  river,  art  has  fitted  up  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  the  lover  of  the  picturesque,  those  costly  and 
elegant  aquatic  palaces — the  steamboats,  which  have 
been  long,  and  so  justly,  the  pride  of  New  York.  Har- 
riet Martineau  mentions,  in  her  book  on  America,  that 
if  she  were  a  New  Yorker,  she  would  sleep  three  nights 
out  of  the  week,  during  summer  time,  on  board  the 
Hudson  river  steamers.  These  floating  palaces  are  the 
frequent  resort,  not  only  of  the  stranger,  but  also  of  the 
ienizens  of  the  city,  who  seek  the  refreshing  free  air 
ind  enchanting  scenery  afforded  by  such  an  excui'sion. 
As  the  vessel  leaves  the  dock,  we  first  pass  the  Elysian 
fields  of  Hoboken,  Weehawken  blutf,  and  Bergen  heights, 
on  tlie  west,  and  tlie  long  line  of  the  city  wharves  and 
factories  on  the  east.  A  little  farther  onward  rises 
Fort  Lee,  a  rocky  bluff  whicli  commences  the  palisades, 
and  which  extend  some  twenty-five  miles  up  tlie  river, 
and  then  strike  inland.  The  palisade  range  are  of  trap- 
rock,  and  resemble  tlie  Giant's  Causeway,  in  Ireland. 
The  island  of  Manhattan,  on  which  New  York  is  situ- 
ated, is  of  primitive  granite,  while  the  opposite  shore 
is  of  tlie  tertiary  formation.  Among  other  prominent 
buildings  which  garnish  the  edge  of  the  island,  may  be 
seen  the  Orphan  and  the  Lunatic  Asylums,  also  numer- 
ous cottages  and  villas.  The  town  of  ManhattanvUU 
is  next  visible,  beautifully  embosomed  in  a  valley,  being 
surrounded  with  hills.  Here  the  celebrated  naturalist 
Audubon  resided.  Carmansville,  about  nine  miles 
from  the  city  proper,  is  clustered  with  neat  rural  resi- 
dences, and  is  a  favorite  resort  of  New  Yorkers,  as  a 


THE   HUDSON   EIVEB.  125 

Buburban  retreat.  Near  this  spot  is  the  High  Bridge, 
which  carries  the  Crotoa  aqueduct  across  the  Harlem 
river.  One  mile  farther  is  the  bold,  rocky  height, 
known  as  Fort  Washington,  memorable  in  our  Revolu- 
tionary annals.  It  was  the  scene  of  a  sanguinary  en 
counter  with  the  invading  army,  in  which  the  British 
lost  eight  hundred  men,  and  we  some  two  thousand 
prisoners.  The  next  object  of  interest  is  Spuyten  Duy- 
vel  Creek,  the  origin  of  which  name  is  humorously  de- 
scribed in  Knickerbocker's  History  of  New  York. 
This  stream,  which  flows  into  the  Harlem  river,  forms 
the  northern  boundary  of  the  island  of  Manhattan. 
The  next  town  we  meet,  some  sixteen  miles  from  the 
city  of  New  Yvi.-k,  is  Yonkers,  a  beautiful  and  pic- 
tures(pie  spot,  and  one  of  great  resort  as  a  rural  re- 
treat. It  is  full  of  elegant  villas  and  i)retty  cottages. 
Near  the  town  are  Fordham,  with  its  Roman  Catholic 
College,  and  Tetard^s  Hill,  noted  in  Revolutionary 
history.  Eastings  is  the  next  place  of  note.  Here 
the  palisades  begin  to  recede  from  the  river.  DoWa 
Ferry,  an  important  spot  in  Revolutionary  times,  is 
situate  on  the  western  shore.  On  the  opposite  side  of 
the  river  is  the  residence  of  Washington  Irving — Sunny- 
side.  This  beautiful,  antique  villa  is  scarcely  visible 
from  the  water,  being  enveloped  with  the  thick  foliage 
which  surrounds  it.  It  is  styled  WolferVs  Boost,  in 
the  "Sketch  Book."  The  pleasure-grounds  of  Mr. 
Irving's  residence  are  laid  out  with  excellent  taste,  and 
the  picturesque  beauty  of  the  place,  as  well  as  the 
world-wide  fame  of  the  author,  render  it  the  great 
attraction  of  tourists  from  all  parts  of  tiie  world.  We 
notice  a  little  further  up,  Piermont,  on  the  west,  the 
starting  point  of  the  Erie  Railroad.  About  three 
miles  beyond  is  Tappan  village,  with  its  spreading  bay. 
Tappan  is  celebrated  as  being  the  head-quarters  of 
Washington  during  the  war  of  Independence,  and  also 
of  being  the  place  of  Major  Andre's  execution,  in  1780. 
Tarrytown,  distant  twenty-six  miles  from  New  York, 
is  famed  as  the  place  of  the  capture  of  Andre,  by 


126  OITT  07  NEW   TOEK. 

Paulding  and  his  compatriots.  The  spot  is  indicated 
by  a  monument,  erected  about  half  a  mile  northward 
of  the  town.  About  two  miles  distant  is  "  Sleepy  Hol- 
low," the  scene  of  lohabod  Crane's  adventure  with  the 
"  Galloping  Hessian,"  so  amusingly  described  by  Irving, 
in  his  Legend  of  Sleepy  Hollow.  The  scene  is  in  ex- 
cellent keeping  with  the  story — a  death-like  stillness 
reigns  here,  which  is  only  disturbed  by  the  low  mur- 
muring of  the  mill-streain.  Every  person  who  wants 
a  fitting  book  to  amuse  him  on  his  trip  up  the  Hudson, 
should  make  Irning'a  Sketch  Booh  his  companion  du 
voyage. 

Sing-Sing.,  82  miles  distant,  is  now  in  view,  and  from 
its  elevated  position  presents  an  imposing  aspect.  Here 
is  the  State  Prison,  444  feet  in  length,  built  of  marble 
dug  from  the  neighboring  quarries.  Opposite  Sing- 
Sing,  across  Tappan  Bay,  which  at  this  point  is  widest, 
is  Verd/ritege''s  RooTc,  a  bold  headland,  on  the  summit 
of  which  is  a  lake,  the  source  of  the  Hackensack  river. 
CrotonVillage  is  3  miles  farther,  with  ^*^«  river  which 
supplies  New  York  with  its  water.  The  Croton  Aque- 
duct and  Reservoir  are  objects  of  great  interest.  These 
splendid  works  cost  about  $14,000,000.  The  fountain 
reservoir  is  40  miles  from  New  York.  The  dam  built 
at  this  place  is  250  fi'et  long,  70  wide  at  the  base.  On 
the  western  side  is  Haveir^raw.,  and  3  miles  above  it 
Stony  Point.,  the  site  ot  the  historic  fort  of  that  name. 
Directly  opposite  is  Verplanlc's  Point.,  also  interesting 
for  its  historic  associations.  Peelcskill  is  a  romantic 
and  picturesque  place,  and  abounds  with  beautiful  resi- 
dences. On  the  opposite  shore  is  CaldwelVs  Landing., 
which  is  at  the  base  of  the  Dunderburg,  or  thunder- 
mountain.  Passing  on,  we  next  see  the  small  but  pic- 
turesque Buttermilk  Falls,  about  200  feet  in  descent. 
West  Point,  distant  50  miles,  is  the  next  place  of  at- 
traction, and  affords,  doubtless,  the  most  magnificent 
series  of  beautiful  scenery  in  America.  It  is  surround- 
ed with  the  Highlands,  and  commands  from  its  great 
elevation  an  extensive  and  ever-varying  succession  of 


TUK   HUD30N    KIVEE.  127 

picturesque  aspects.  The  Military  Academy  is  one  of 
the  noble  institutions  of  the  Government,  and  an  object 
of  great  interest.  The  beautiful  grounds  attached  are 
laid  out  with  taste  and  elegance,  and  are  much  resorted 
to  by  visitors.  The  Hotel  is  an  establishment  of  the 
first  class,  and  excellent  in  all  its  appointments.  The 
view  from  the  observatory  of  this  hotel  is  very  exten- 
sive and  imposing.  Near  the  steamboat  landing  is  seen 
the  rock  from  which  the  chain  was  stretched  across  tlie 
river  during  the  Kevolutionary  war.  Almost  every 
spot  of  ground  at  West  Point  has  historic  interest. 
Fort  Clinton  stood  where  the  Academy  is  now.  Fort 
Putnam,  and  most  others,  are  now  in  ruins.  Passing 
through  the  magnificent  mountain  range  we  reach  Cold 
Spring  and  Undercliff^  the  residence  of  Gen.  G.  P. 
Morris.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  river,  but  invisible 
from  the  water,  is  Idlewild,  the  residence  of  N.  P. 
Willis.  The  next  prominent  village  is  Fishkill,  60 
miles  distant,  and  here  the  mountain  scenery  is  in  all 
its  grandeur ;  but  we  soon  pass  to  a  difi'erent  style  of 
the  picturesque.  ISfewhurg^  on  the  opi)osite  shore, 
noted  as  the  head-quarters  of  Washington,  is  a  largo 
town,  built  on  a  steep  acclivity.  The  next  place  of 
note  is  PougMeepsie,  also  built  on  an  eminence,  and 
eminently  picturesque.  There  are  numerous  minor  vil- 
lages, along  either  shore,  all  the  way  on  to  Albany,  tho 
capital  of  the  State ;  but  as  the  pleasure  tourist  may 
not  possibly  wish  to  extend  his  trip  to  150  miles,  Wd 
shall  here  respectfully  part  company. 


128  OITT   OF   NEW   TOfiK. 


SUPPLEMENTAL  HINTS. 

Peksons  who,  for  the  first  time,  visit  a  great  city  like 
that  we  have  already  briefly  described,  doubtless  fancy 
themselves  in  a  very  Babel  of  excitement  and  confu- 
sion ;  and  would  gladly  accept  the  services  of  some 
good  cicerone,  or  guide,  who  could  conduct  them 
through  its  perplexing  mazes,  pointing  out  what  there 
is  to  see,  and  how  to  see  it.  No  city  of  the  New  World 
is  so  truly  cosmopolitan  in  its  character  as  New  York ; 
consequently  it  presents  an  almost  endless  variety  of 
objects  of  interest  for  the  visitor.  It  is  difficult  to  de- 
scribe its  many-hued  aspects,  for  it  is,  in  fact,  an  epit- 
ome of  the  civilized  world ;  and  the  physical  as  well 
as  the  moral  aspects  of  the  city  present  a  like  compli- 
cated character. 

As  the  tour  of  the  entire  city  would  be  a  too  ardu- 
ous performance  for  a  pedestrian,  we  would  advise  the 
visitor  to  limit  his  perambulations  to  Broadway,  from 
the  Bowling  Green  to  Union  Square.  Along  this  great 
promenade  he  will  see  enough  to  engage  his  attention 
for  one  day.  Here  are  to  be  seen  a  long  succession 
of  splendid  marble  stores,  churches,  theatres,  etc. 
Throughout  the  whole  length  of  this  great  artery  of 
the  city,  are  to  be  seenthe  ebb  and  flow  of  a  ceaseless 
tide  of  human  beings,  of  every  class  and  order;  the 
belles  and  beaux  of  fashion,  the  busy  devotees  of  toil, 
and  the  hapless  ones  who  have  not  the  will  to  work; 
men  who  seek  their  illicit  gains  at  the  gaming-table, 
and  who  practise  upon  the  unwary  at  mock  auctions. 

Commencing,  then,  our  journey  up  Broadway  from 
the  Bowling  Green,  the  first  noteworthy  object  we  ob- 
serve is  the  hotel  at  the  southwestern  corner,  formerly 
Kennedy  House^  described  in  the  chapter  on  Historical 
Localities.  Passing  several  rows  of  stone  buildings, 
including  Adam^s  Bxpress   office,    we   reach    Trinity 


SUPPLEMENTAL  HINTS.  129 

Church,  the  metropolitan  churcli,  which,  being  open 
to  visitors,  should  certainly  claim  our  attention.  Not 
only  should  the  interior  be  seen,  but  we  ought  to 
ascend  the  lofty  steeple  to  view  the  maguificent  pano- 
rama it  atfords  of  the  city  and  its  suburbs.  We  ought 
also  to  take  a  saunter  among  the  venerable  memorials 
of  the  sainted  dead,  not  forgetting  the  recently  erected 
Gothic  monument  to  the  memory  of  the  martyrs  of  our 
Revolutionary  struggle.  Leaving  Trinity  Church  and 
looking  down  Wall  street,  innnediately  opposite,  we 
catch  a  partial  glimpse  of  the  United  States  Treasury 
on  the  north  side;  and  further  down  on  the  oppo- 
site side  of  the  street,  tJie  Custom  house,  a  huge, 
colossal  granite  structure,  where  importers  do  chiefly 
congregate.  On  the  corner  of  Wall  street  and  Broad- 
way stands  the  elegant  edifice  of  the  Bank  of  the  Re- 
public, and  at  the  junction  of  the  next  (Pine)  street 
we  see  the  Metropolitan  Bank ;  also,  a  superb  marble 
building,  occupied  by  Insurance  Oflices,  &c.  We  now 
need  Argus'  hundred  eyes  to  look  about  us;  for  not 
only  is  it  a  perilous  thing  to  attempt  to  pass  over  from 
one  side  of  the  street  to  the  otlier  from  the  incessant 
crowding  of  all  sorts  of  vehicles,  but  we  are  every 
moment  in  danger  of  being  jostled  or  pushed  aside  by 
the  still  greater  crowds  of  pedestrians,  all  eagerly  in 
pursuit  of  something.  There  are  some  further  demands 
made  upon  us,  also,  by  the  shops  which  invite  our  curi- 
osity by  their  novel  and  motley  contents.  We  now 
reach  the  junction  of  Fulton  street  and  Old  St.  Parul's 
Church,  with  its  sacred  inclosure,  containing  the  tall 
monument  of  the  patriot  Emmett,  and  the  tombs  of 
other  celebrated  characters.  We  pass  on  a  few  paces  to 
the  Ador  House,  the  earliest  establishment  of  its  class, 
and  still  one  of  the  most  elegant  of  the  larger  hotels  of  the 
city.  Here  we  see  the  Park,  City  Hall,  the  Times  Office, 
and  the  Tribune  building. 

The  New  York  Herald  building,  on  the  corner  of  Ann 
street  and  Broadway,  is  the  most  elegant  building  in  the 
country  from  which   any  paper  is  issued.     It  is  built  of 


130  CITY   OF  NEW  YORK. 

white  marble.  No  person  can  pass  up  Broadway  with* 
out  noticiug  this  magnificent  edifice.  The  eye  of  the 
stranger  is  next  attracted  to  the  beautiful  brown  stone 
building  on  the  corner  of  Park  Place,  occupied  by  the 
Broadway  National  Bank. 

In  the  intersecting  streets  to  the  west,  between  the 
Astor  House  nnd  Stewart's,  we  catch  a  glimpse  of  long 
lines  of  splendid  marble  buildings,  which  give  an  imposing 
indication  of  the  mercantile  opulence  of  the  city. 

Just  opposite  the  new  Court  House  we  notice,  at  the 
junction  of  Chambers  street  and  Broadway,  Stewart's  Dry 
Goods  Palace,  occupying  an  entire  block  on  Broadway. 
This  is  the  great  emporium  of  costly  shawls,  silks,  bro- 
cades, &c.  It  is  now,  however,  devoted  to  the  wholesale 
trade,  the  retail  being  removed  to  Stewart's  new  palace 
on  Broadway,  between  Ninth  and  Tenth  streets. 

Passing  up  Broadway  we  soon  approach  the  site  of  the 
old  New  York  Hospital,  on  which  has  been  recently 
erected  a  beautiful  row  of  stores.  Opposite  is  a  beautiful 
marble  structure  of  Judge  Whiting's,  now  occupied  by 
Messrs.  S.  B.  Chittenden  &  Co.,  the  famous  dry  goods 
merchants.  As  we  continue  our  up-town  progress,  we 
pass  numerous  other  large  buildings,  includmg  the  most 
magnificent  structure  of  the  New  York  Life  Insurance 
Company,  which  is  situated  on  the  corner  of  Leonard 
street  and  Broadway.  This  is  the  most  perfect  building, 
in  every  respect,  devoted  to  Life  Insurance,  in  the  coun- 
try. We  next  observe,  on  the  corner  of  Franklin  street, 
the  brown  stone  structure  formerly  occupied  by  the  Mer- 
chant's Union  Express  Company, 

On  the  corner  of  White  street  Mr.  Astor  has  erected  a 
beautiful  white  marble  building.  This  is  one  of  the  orna- 
ments of  Broadway.  On  the  opposite  side  the  Ninth  Na- 
tional Bank  have  just  erected  a  beautiful  white  marble 
building. 

We  now  cross  Canal  street,  which,  until  within  a  quar- 
ter of  a  century,  formed  the  boundary  limits  of  the  city  in 
this  direction.  Pursuing  our  tour  toward  Grand  siieet, 
we  notice  on  the  west  side  a  while  marble  structure  re- 


SUPPLEMENTAL   HINTS.  131 

cently  erected.  Above,  on  the  east  side,  is  a  brown  stone 
building  occupied  by  Mcusrf!.  Cochran,  McLean  &  Co.,  and 
opposite  to  it  Lord  &  Taylor  s  dry-goods  establishment, 
one  of  the  most  conspicuous  architectural  ornaments  of 
Broadway.  The  next  street  en  route  we  pass  is  Broome 
street,  at  the  corner  of  which  is  the  elegant  iron  building 
erected  by  Mr.  Langdon.  Further  on,  on  the  west  side, 
stands  the  celebrated  *S'^  Nicholas  hotel,  extending  to 
Spring  street.  On  the  opposite  corner  is  the  Prescott 
House,  with  iis  gorgeous  dec  rations.  The  next  import- 
ant edifice  that  we  meet  is  Ball,  Black  &  Co.'s  jewelry 
store,  which  is  a  most  magnificent  buikling.  Opposite  to 
this  is  the  Metropolitan  Hotel  and  Nihlo's  Theatre.  Stil! 
farther  up  we  cross  lUeecher  street  and  reach  G47.  This 
is  known  as  Miller's  bookstore.  No  stranger  should  come 
to  New  York  without  calling  to  inspect  his  fine  stock  of 
Books,  Chromes,  and  Stationery.  He  furnishes  mono- 
grams and  stamps  paper  at  the  shortest  aotice,  and  is 
noted  for  the  taste  he  displays  in  each. 

Just  above  Miller's  bookstore  stands  the  famous  Grand 
Central  Hotel.  Broadway  is  proverbial  for  its  incessant 
changes  and  improvements,  but  from  Caual  street  to 
Grace  Church  these  mutations  will  be  found  most  con- 
spicuous to  persons  who  have  not  visited  the  city  for  the 
past  few  years.  Grace  Church  is  legarded  as  the  culmi- 
nating glory  of  Broadway.  Its  delicate  spire  ami  richly 
chiselled  exterior,  as  well  as  its  superb,  though  too  gaudy 
interior,  renders  it  the  object  of  universal  observation. 
On  the  opposite  corner  of  Grace  Church  stands  Stewart's 
iron  dry-goods  palace,  occupying  one  whole  square.  On 
the  corner  of  Eleventh  street  stands  the  Methodist  Book 
House.  A  short  distance  further  up  brings  us  to  Union 
Square,  with  its  incMsed  pleasure-grounds  and  fountain. 
Ou  either  side  are  elegant  mansions  and  hotels.  At  the 
north  the  Everett  House  meets  our  gaze,  on  the  west  Tif- 
fany's new  iron  building,  aud  on  the  southeast  corner  is 
the  Equestrian  Statue  of  Washington,  with  the  Union 
Square  Hotel,  &c.  Fioni  this  point  we  catch  a  glimpse  of 
the  Academy  of  Music,  on  the  corner  of  14th  street  and 


132  CITY   OF   NEW    YORK. 

Irving  Place.  Our  peregrinations  are  not  yet  completed. 
The  Fourth  Avenue,  which  extends  northward  from  the 
east  side  of  Union  Square,  leads  us  to  numerous  objects 
of  interest,  such  as  Dr.  Bellow's  Church,  a  singular  speci- 
men of  medieval  architecture,  built  with  layers  of  different 
colored  bricks,  and  cased  with  stone  facings.  Next  comes 
Calvary  Church,  with  its  two  pointed  towers,  built  in  the 
cathedral  style,  and  St.  Paul's  (Methodist)  Church,  of  pure 
marble,  are  adjacent.  We  have  before  indicated  that  the 
Fifth  Avenue  is  the  headquarters  of  New  York  aristoc- 
racy, and  abounds  with  the  sumptuous  residences  of  our 
merchant  princes.  This  splendid  .avenue  extends  north- 
ward to  the  Harlem  River,  and  the  better  mode  of 
entering  upon  this  expedition,  is  to  hire  a  carriage  and 
take  a  leisurely  drive  through  this  grand  avenue  up  to 
the  Aqueduct  and  the  Central  Park.  It  would  be  well 
to  adopt  the  same  plan  with  the  eastern  part  of  the 
city,  to  the  Shipping- Yards,  Dry-Docks,  &c.  Brook- 
lyn, which  is  virtually  a  part  of  New  York,  is  by  no 
means  to  be  omitted,  for  it  is  replete  with  interest,  and 
is  easily  accessible  by  means  of  the  several  ferries. 
The  churches  of  both  cities  are  fully  detailed,  for  these 
form  a  characteristic  feature,  and  well  deserve  the 
notice  of  the  tourist.  The  several  larger  hotels  are 
also  specified,  and  those  on  a  less  expensive  scale, 
which  abound  in  New  York,  can  be  ascertained  with- 
out difficulty.  The  visitor  should  not  forget  the  many 
beautiful  environs  of  the  city. 


APPENDIX, 


THE  METROPOLITAN  POLICE. 

The  recently  organized  Department  of  Protecnve  and 
Detective  Police  of  New  York  is  considered  eminently  effec- 
tive and  successful.  The  heads  of  the  Department,  appointed 
by  the  Mayor  of  the  City,  comprise  a  Board  of  Commission- 
ers ;  John  Jourdan,  General  Superintendent ;  and  Scth  C. 
Hawley,  Clerk,  etc.  By  the  last  quarterly  report,  it  appears 
that  the  Police  force  of  the  City  of  New  York  consists  of 
thirty-five  Captains,  one  hundred  and  thirty-three  Sergeants, 
seventy -five  lloandsmen,  eighty  Detailments,  one  thousand 
nine  hundred  and  twenty-five  Patrolmen,  and  sixty-five 
Doormen. 

The  Police  Telegraph  has  become  an  important  auxiliary 
in  the  prevention  and  detection  of  crime,  and  also  is  a  great 
convenience  to  the  public.  By  this  medium,  several  hundred 
lost  children  have  been  restored  to  their  homes,  and  many 
thousand  instances  of  criminals  brought  to  justice. 

By  the  statistics  submitted  to  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  it 
is  shown  that  the  most  fertile  source  of  crime  is  the  dram- 
shop. There  are  in  this  city  seven  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  seventy-nine  places  where  intoxicating  liquors  are  sold 
at  retail. 

The  police  force  of  Brooklyn  is  organized  on  the  same 
plan,  and  numbers  in  all  two  hundred  and  forty-eight. 

The  City  of  New  York  is  divided  into  thirty -five  Precincts*, 
the  station-houses  of  which  are  situated  as  follows  : 


134 


POLICE  STATIONS. 

Commissioners'  Office — 300  Mulberry  street. 

First  Precinct— Station  Honse,  at  52  New  etreet. 

Second  Pred«c<— Station  House,  49  Beekman  street. 

Third  PrecinctStntion  House,  160  Chambers  street. 

Fourth  P9'€Cinct— Station  House,  9  Oak  street. 

Fifth  Precinct— St&tion  House,  19  and  21  Leonard  street. 

Sixth  Precinct— St&tion  House,  9  Franklin  street. 

Seventh  Precinct— Station  House,  247  Madison  street. 

Eighth  Precinct—Sintion  House,  Prince,  cor.  Wooster  street. 

Ninth  Precinct— Station  House,  94  Charles  street. 

Tenth  Pi-ecitict-StSLtion  House,  87  and  89  Eldridge  street. 

Eleventh  Precinct— Station  House,  Union  Market. 

Twelfth  Precinct— Station  House,  126th  street,  n.  Third  avenue. 

Thirteenth  Precinct— Station  House,  Attorney,  cor.  Delancey  st. 

Fourteenth  Precinct — Station  House,  53  Spring  street. 

Fifteenth  Precinct— Station  House,  220  Mercer  street. 

Sixteenth  Pi-ecinct—St&tion  House,  W.  Twentieth  street,  betwee« 
Seventh  and  Eighth  avenues. 

Seventeenth  P>-ecinct— Station  House,  First  avenue,  cor.  Fifth  st. 

Eighteenth  Precinct— Station  House,  E.  Twenty-second  street,  neu 
Second  avenue. 

Nineteenth  Precinct— Station  House,  E.  Fifty-ninth  street,  near 
Third  avenue. 

Twentieth  Precinct— Station  House,  212  W.  Thirty-fifth  street. 

Twenty-first  Precinct— Station  House,  E.  Thirty-fifth  street,  neai 
Third  avenue. 

Twenty-second  /V6«wc<— Station  House,  547  W.  Forty-seventh  st. 

Twenty-third  Precinct— Station  House,  E.  Eighty-sixth  street,  near 
Fourth  avenue. 

Twenty-fourth  Precinct— ToMce  Steamboat,  foot  Whitehall  street. 

Twenty-fifth  Precinct— StAtion  House,  301  Mott  street. 

Twenty-sixth  Precinct— City  Hall. 

Twenty-seventh  Precinct— Station  House,  cor.  Liberty  and  Church 
streets. 

Twenty-eighth  Precinct — Station  House,  550  Greenwich  street. 

Twenty-ninth  Precinct— Station  House,  W.  Thirtieth  street,  be- 
tween Sixth  and  Seventh  avenues. 

Thirtieth  Precinct— St&lion  House,  One  Hundred  and  Twenty- 
eighth  street  and  Broadway. 

Thirty-first  Precinct— Station  House,  W.  One  Hundredth  street, 
between  Eighth  and  Ninth  avenues. 

Thirty-second  Precinct— Station  House,  One  Hundred  and  Fifty- 
second  street,  cor.  Tenth  avenue. 

Thirty-third  Precinct— Central  Park  Police. 

Thirty-fifth  Precinct— Station  House,  300  Mulberry  street. 


HOW  TO  LEAVE  NEW  YORK. 


For  Philadelphia,  via  New  Jersey  R.  R.  Depot  at 
Jersey  City.  Proceed  to  171  Broadway,  thence  to  the 
foot  of  Cortlandt  street,  and  cross  the  Ferry. 

For  Philadelphia,  via  Camden  and  Amboy  R.  R. 
From  Pier  No.  24  North  River,  Proceed  to  No.  227 
Broadway,  and  west  through  Barclay  street  to  tlie  River. 

For  Boston,  via  Stouiugtoii  and  Providence.  From 
Pier  No.  18,  North  River.  Proceed  to  No.  171  Broad- 
way, and  west  through  Cortlandt  street  td  the  River. 

For  Boston,  via  Fall  River  and  Newport.  From  Pier 
No,  3,  North  River.  Proceed  to  No.  1  Broadway,  and 
west  through  Battery  Place  to  the  River. 

For  Boston,  via  Norwich  and  Worcester,  From  foot 
of  Vestry  street.  Proceed  to  No.  417  Broadway,  and 
thence  through  Canal  street  to  the  River. 

For  Boston,  via  New  Haven  R.  R,  Depot,  27th  street 
and  4th  Avenue.  Take  a  4th  Avenue  car,  which  starts 
from  Astor  House,  or  a  Broadway  and  4th  Avenue  stage, 
north  to  27th  street. 

For  Albany,  via  Hudson  River  R.  R.  Depot,  Warren 
street  and  College  Place.  Proceed  to  2 GO  Broadway, 
west  in  Warren  street  to  College  Place. 

For  Albany,  via  Harlem  R.  R.  Depot,  2Gth  street 
cor.  4th  Avenue.  Take  a  4th  Avenue  car,  which  starts 
from  Astor  House,  or  a  Broadway  and  4th  Avenuo 
stage,  north  to  26th  street. 

For  Albany,  via  People's  Line  Steamboats,  From 
foot  of  Canal  street.  Proceed  in  Broadway  to  No.  417, 
and  west  through  Canal  street  to  the  River. 

For  Buffalo  or  Dunkirk,  via  N.  Y.  &  Erie  R.  R.  De- 
pot, foot  of  Duane  street.  Proceed  in  Broadway  to  No. 
303,  and  west  in  Duane  street  to  the  River. 

For  New  Haven,  by  Steamboat.  From  Peck  Slip. 
Proceed  to  No.  208  Broadway,  and  east  in  Fulton  street 
to  the  River :  thence  northeast  two  blocks. 


Published  by  JAMES  MILLER,  647  Broadwat. 
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Being  that  of  Albert  Durer.  Translated  from 
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EGYPT  3,300  YEARS  AGO 


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23 
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Illxs. 

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•      93 
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Covers    made    for    tlie    Trade. 


Rare  and  Beantiful  Flowois  and  Choice  Vegetables  can  always  be 
obtained  by  sowing 


23  Park  Place  and  20  Murray  Street,  N.  Y. 

GARDEN,      F  i  eI  D  "   AND  "  F  LOWE  R      SEEDS, 

Small  Fruits,  Horticultural  Implemsnts,  Fertilizers,  and 

other  requisites  for  the  Farm  and  Garden. 

LAWN     MOWERS     of    the     Most     Approved      Patterns. 

The  EiKtiteenth  Annii;il  ErtUion  of  their  celebrated  Seed  Cntil^'guc  a,d  .1in;Uur'i 
Guide  to  far  Plnuvr  nnd  Kitchen  <:arden  is  nnwr.  aiiy  I.T  dialril'UliiMi.  niul  will  be 
milled  to  all  Kpnlicants,  in>nn  receipt  of  25  cknts  :  «ii  edilVn  beau  ifully  l..iihd  in 
<  loth,  75  CKNT8     This  is,  wilhnut  exception,  tha   iMri-fst   Cnlalogu-  ev^r  inblishedin 

e.TCCurel  en'iravimrsnf  fKvnritetl'.wers  and  vei.'Ht-(blt8.' nilr/ n  leiiutfiilv  c/'or  </  r/i.nmr 
o'aj,.-  up  flmeufj  o-  the  must  r"vulnr fln«er,  in  c»Uiv  lion.  Also  ''^j*,'''j|j'"Jl;,',',^^^j*| 
of  llie  p>tst  season,  wilh  full  directions  for  culture.    Address 

|>.,Q.BQX57l2,l!l.Y.City.    ,  B.K.  BLISS  &  SONS. 


G.    A.    KUNDAHL, 

416  BrooiTie  Street,  N.  Y., 

Would  respectfully  inform  Publishers,  Booksellers,  and  tlje  Trade 
generally,  that  he  is  now  prepared  to  execute  JOB  BOOKBINDING, 
»nd  also  for  the  Binding  of  Editions  of  a  Boole  in 

Half  and  Full  Calf,  or  Turkey  Morocco,  gilt  or  plain, 
and  in  antique  styles. 

Rich  and  plain  Half-bindings  for  Magazines,  Music,   dec 


Booksellers  nnd  others  who  desire  work  done  in  any  of  the 
nbovt;  styles  of  Binding:,  would  find  it  to  their  interest  to  cull 
upon  lis,  examine  our  work,  and  obtain  an  e.stiaiatc  of  i>riec8, 
before  liaving  the  work  executed  elsewhere. 


E,  &  H,  T.  ANTHONY  &  CO, 

mt  ®E@4BW4¥, 

opposite  Metropolitan  Hotel, 
IMPORTERS,  MANUFACTURERS  &  DEALERS  IN 

CBEOKOS, 

STEREOSCOPES  AND  VIEWS. 

.A.    Xj    3B    XJ-    3VE    JS  , 

PHOTOGRAPHIC    MATERIALS. 

GKAPHOSCOPES,     MEaALETHOSCOPES, 


ANDER^SON  8i  F^MVISAY. 

28  Frankfort  Street, 
JiSSl'^Srv:  NEW  YORK. 

GILDERS, 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 


Portrait  and  Picture  Frames 


px>ri,  'iPiK  ^rnj^uBZ 


Corner  of  Waverley  Place.  XEIV  YOBK. 


GieiiE  L  LEMITT  &  CO., 

AUCTIONEERS, 

BOOK  SALE  ROOMS,  Clinton  Hall,  Astor  Place,  New  tork. 
LEAVITT  ART  ROOMS,  817  &  819  Broadway, 

Devote  their  attention   exclusively  to  the  Sale 
by  Auction,  of 

PAiNTINGS,    LIBRARIES, 
eOUECTIOHS  OF  BOOKSt 

AUTOGRAPHS, 
COINS,  WORKS  OF  ART, 

ALL   KINDS   OF   LITEEARY   PROPERTY, 

Librdricft  Cafalogned  and  Sold. 

Collections  of  Paintings  Catalogued  and  Sold. 

^^-  Having  recsntly  leased  the  Galleries,  317  .fe  810 
Broadway,  formerly  known  as  the"  Leeds  Art  Galleries," 
the  Undersigned  offer  unusual  facilities  for  the  Exhibi- 
tion and  Sale  of  Painting-s. 

GEOEGE  A.  LEAVITT  &  CO. 


GET    THE    BEST. 

Webster's  Unabridged  Dictionary. 

10,000  Words  and  Meanings  not  in  other  Dictionaries. 

3000  EngraTings;  1840  Pages  Quarto.    Price,  SI*-. 

Wlienevcr  I  wish  to  obtain  exact  definitions  1  cfinsult  it.       [Scliuyler  Uolfax.] 
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Published  by  G.  &  C.  MERRIAM,  SprlngHold,  Mass. 

SOLD  BY  ALL  BOOKSELLERS. 

A.  i^ERWii^,  Auctioneer. 


AUCTION    SALES 

OP 

PBIVA^S  lilBBAKlBB 

Bot>]i;sellers'    Stock, 

PAINTINGS,  ENGRAVINGS,  COINS,  AUTOGRAPHS, 
FA?JCY    GOODS,    &c.,    Ac, 

Arc  made  by  us  rc^'ularly  during  tlit;  business  season.    Our  facilities, 
arraujjemeuts  and  rocatioii  are  uiisiii-pii^sed. 

BANGS,  ME II  WIN  <C  CO., 

696  Broadway,  Cor.  of  Fourth  St, 


TRAVELERS 

TO  THE  MOUNTAINS, 

TO   THE    COUNTRY, 
TO   THE    SEASIDE, 

BY  RAILROAD   OR    STEAMBOAT, 
BY  STAGECOACH    OR    CARRIAGE, 

ON    HORSEBACK    OR    ON    FOOT, 
ON    BUSINESS   OR    PLEASURE. 

Before  yon  go  obtain  u  yearly  policy,  to  eover 
the  risk  of  ucideiir,  in  tlie 

TRAVELERS' 

Life  and  Accident  Insurance  Companf 

OF   HARTFORD,   CONNECTICUT. 


1^3^  The  Travelers'  has  paid  over  Fonrteeii 
Thousaiul  Claims  for  death,  or  injury,  by  accident. 
The  anionnt  of  money  thus  disbursed  is  greater 
than  that  paid  by  any  other  Insurance  Company 
of  its  age  in  the  world,  and  averages  about  seven 
hundred  dollars  a  day,  for  every  working  day, 
durini;  seven  years. 


Cash  Assets,    -    -    $2,000  000  00. 

NEW  YORK  OFFICE,  207  BROADWAY. 

R.  M.  JOHNSON,  Manager. 


F.   W.   LASAK'S    SON 

(ESTABLISHED    1827.) 


k«k 


RUSSIAN-AMERICAN 

AND 

HUDSON'S  BAY  COMPANY 
FURS. 

Ladies'  and  Gents'  manufactured  Purs  of  every  description 
on  hand  and  to  order.  All  goods  of  our  own  manufacture,  and 
warranted  of  superior  quality  and  workmanship. 


F.  W.  liASAK'S  SOIV, 

682  BROADWAY. 


Hamilton  Fire  Insurance  Co., 

Office,  No.  11   Wall   Street, 
NEW  YORK. 


Assets $280,000 

Cajntal, 150,000 

Surplus, $130,000 


ITVSURE  AT  LOAVES?«X   XlATIi:!**. 

LOSSES    PROWPTL'S"   PAID. 

J.  0.  WINANS,  Pres't.  JAMES  GILMO^E,  Sec'y. 

DIRECTORS. 

JOHN  C.  WINANS,  Pkesident. 
TIMOTHY  H.  BURGHER,  BERNARD  McFEl. -Y, 

THOMAS  MORTON,  MERRITT  H.  SMITH, 

HENRY  DAVID.  J-  WINDMULLER 


CHARLES  JENKINS, 
M.  M.  VAN  BUREN, 


GEORGE  TUONOT, 
WM.  H.  MONTANYE, 


J  ■  W.BROWN.  '  JOHNA.  BAUSH. 

EDWARD  SCULLY.  JAMES  NEEVES. 

u     »     VAVFREAU  THOMAS  WEBB, 

Wi'lLIAM  SS'  GEORGE  C.  JEFFERIE3. 

DANIEL  S.  SCHANCK.  NOAH  A.  CHILDb. 


NELSON  SAMMIS, 


wm.  van  name, 


JOSIAH  M.  WHITNEY,  8-  S.  WYCKOFF, 

CLEMENT  S.  PARSONS,  ALFRED  SCHANCK, 

HAML'N  BLYDENBURGH,  '^'^"^  i^',  ^/■'i^?.,' 

DANIEL  D.  WHITNEY 
ABRAM  WAKEMAN 


ANDREW  J.  BLEAKLEY, 
NICHOLAS   SEAGRIST. 


R.  Q.  HATFIELD,      '  I>AVID  MAHANV 


CYRUS  H.  LOUTREL. 


JOHN  ROMKR, 


ISRAEL  C.  LAWRENCE,  J-  B.  BLYDENBURGH. 

H.  C.  BARINGER.